303: {X} She was a {X} {NS} Interviewer: {D: okay um} 303: uh-huh Interviewer: We were talking about you know names for oh describing people 303: uh-huh Interviewer: How about someone who's real easy to get along with? always smiling and- you know never loses their temper 303: ye- well we've got people uh of that kind Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 303: on both sides {NS} and uh {NS} sometimes th- the darky or the colored man or the red man uh {NS} {NW} forgot what I was- making a reference to What was that you asked me-? Interviewer: People that are real easy to get along with 303: oh yes I see well uh the the the red man is uh is easy an- an- and the white man is easy some of 'em Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and uh colored man uh the the real black man whenever he is alright he's the best one of all Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and {X} the darky {X} but they {X} and away but they and in a way {X} alright and they smiling and laugh every time they {D: say yeah} you're a good kind {X} {X} he's uh hard to be he's hard to be {NS} and uh the latter person he's so hard to get along with but a black person Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: because he's he think he's a little better because he's a little brighter and Interviewer: #1 How do you think that? # 303: #2 and the yellow # yellow man he get along with anybody and the the light brown-skinned man he get along with anybody Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and uh {X} you see what th- the manner and ways they have they don't they don't get mad easy and the- then they're easy to get along with Interviewer: uh-huh Would you use the word like pleasant or- 303: pleasant Interviewer: good-natured or 303: pleasant uh good-natured {D: good-turn} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} okay uh s- say you have a boy in his teens and he just seems to be all arms and legs you know just comes in and 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: {D: spalled} out on himself and 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: knocks over things and drops things #1 How would you describe him? # 303: #2 Well # He would- it'd be described as drinking or or trumping or drinking Interviewer: Okay but what if he hadn't been drinking? What if it's just because of his age you know his 303: His age? Well then Interviewer: You said he's just 303: just uh moving out into a manhood Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: changed to a manhood cause him to be in the in that {NW} {NW} {X} Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: nothing else they know if you don't drink nothing uh and he was no {X} or nothing Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: why they will that's the negative if uh- {NW} Interviewer: Would you use a- a word like awkward or clumsy or gangly or gawky 303: Huh? Interviewer: awkward or clumsy or- 303: Ah he's awk- ward or he's clumsy and some call it clumsy but he's awkward and clumsy why that's nature part of his nature Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Okay and what about a person who just keeps on doing things 303: #1 mm-hmm mm um # Interviewer: #2 that don't # 303: mean things? Interviewer: or things that just start making you {D: spent} 303: well it's a boy at uh things he's doing and don't know how to turn to a a normal way of living a gl- life Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Do you use the word fool? 303: uh? Interviewer: Do you use the word fool? 303: {D: go to school?} Interviewer: fool Would you say somebody's a- 303: oh well ye- uh some of 'em would call 'em a fool {NS} nothing but a fool Interviewer: What does that word mean? 303: That means he some of 'em call it {D: room ups- likes a little room upstairs} or either Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: he's {D: needing} uh {D: moment} with it and can get Interviewer: mm-hmm Okay what about a person who has a lot of money but never spends it any money at all just hangs onto his money 303: you mean {D: contains} all his money Interviewer: Just well #1 um # 303: #2 {NW} # {d: a status} Interviewer: yeah 303: well {X} that word w- would be master that I don't know that's he is Interviewer: Would you say- 303: too stingy Interviewer: uh-huh 303: to spend anything and someone say well he just will spend cause it take take nothing with him Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and that's as close as I can get to the answer to that Interviewer: Would you ever say someone's a type? 303: Uh well type of what? he's a type of what uh he's he's uh he's just a keep him from getting mad they call him a sissy Interviewer: They call him a what? 303: Calling him a sissy Interviewer: a sissy 303: uh-huh Interviewer: What does that mean? 303: that- that means that uh he's too close he's he's all for hisself and nobody else Interviewer: mm okay um and suppose we thought about an old person say an old man but he's still real lively and he's strong and active 303: yeah uh Interviewer: gets along real well you'd say that he's very 303: very polite very very friendly Interviewer: uh-huh but he's real active and doesn't show his age would you say that he's pert or peppy or spry #1 something like that # 303: #2 uh ye- ye- yes # expressive he's uh he don't show his age and he's live and uh and uh {D: spirits} and he's uh I can't call that other word I can't pronounce it to go with it Interviewer: okay um suppose you had some your- your children were out later than usual you'd say 303: well Interviewer: well I don't guess there's anything wrong but still I can't help feeling a little 303: little {X} a little uneasy Interviewer: Okay what was that first word you said? little-? 303: a little {D: jibless} Interviewer: {D: jibless}? 303: {D: jibless} Interviewer: What does that mean? 303: that means she's very frightened and uh scared something is {X} Interviewer: uh-huh What was that word now little- 303: {D: jibless} little {D: jibless} {X} Interviewer: hmm okay uh you know that song the old grey mere she ain't what she- 303: what she used to be Interviewer: okay um {NS} and you might say well I don't understand why she's afraid now she- 303: uh she's alright I reckon it'd be no that ain't exactly what {X} it ain't it ain't exactly Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and you got to leave {X} for the long one that uh uh skip it so that I wouldn't know Interviewer: okay um somebody who leaves a lot of money on the table and then goes out and doesn't even bother to lock the door you'd say that- 303: he's careless Interviewer: okay and um How would you describe a person who um say is a- a little different from other people like won't talk to you or something like that 303: well he's a Interviewer: {X} 303: {X} he's a sort of a {D: sit} {D: cotton} person and he don't {X} and he is not friendly like he should be Interviewer: uh-huh 303: some would say that about Interviewer: Would you use the word queer? 303: queer uh he's all queer Interviewer: uh-huh What does that word mean exactly? Has it changed meanings recently? 303: no it just means his uh mind and his {D: future} he's built that way and he he's always uh been that way he's kind of curious kind of person from anybody else Interviewer: uh-huh 303: he likes to be alone mostly by hisself Interviewer: okay um okay um 303: {NW} Interviewer: if a man's real sure of his own ways and won't change you know 303: I see Interviewer: and makes up his own mind and there's no use arguing with him you'll never win an argument with him 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: oh you'd say that he was awfully? 303: well he's uh I know what that is but I I can't speak it {NS} he's awfully {NS} see he's awfully queer Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and {D: nothing} stands {D: higher} person and he- he's a infidel Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and they would call it some would say he- he's nothing but an old infidel Interviewer: What would that mean? 303: that would mean the person don't believe in Heaven or believe in God and don't believe in hell he believes in I work with 'em he he like to gut me on the inside s- we work together and I liked him he says {D: Stewart} he says there is no hell there is no Heaven well he'd say that every day we working every day together {X} {X} before we go back to work Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: {NW} set a bucket of cool water by taking no innocent drinks sit down and talk and he says did you know Heaven and earth they call it and it was made in six seven days {NS} and says there's nobody {D: know that fool} {D or he's someone that works nights though} say {X} is about teachers say {X} another thing I said I look at it thisaway Said if you have a cat or a dog or a hog to die in a hog pen out there dying {X} what do you do with 'em out here take 'em all and says {D: Brad} and says says says ask for the last {X} and he's got no so I said well hog 'em dogging 'em {D: pursing 'em} here {X} the got a sow and he says they ain't got a bit more sow an- and says I've got a heart says says you got a heart Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: She says that's all they've got said they've got a heart and he says tell 'em he says another thing when you have a thunder storm Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: so he says {D: the hearty} heat and even the cold heat and when it r- runs over it it makes a noise Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and then the six of of th- of that noise makes lightning and forms overhead and strikes trees sometimes now and strikes people sometimes in a different place Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: it never affects {D: but one person} when {X} no more I said no uh mister {X} uh-uh I says I I've seen trees fell aparts Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: the same same thing he says well I never seen 'em and I said well I've seen and he said well {X} wh- w- w- when we are dead {X} and when I'm dead and when you're dead you go back to mother earth to the dirt and says you've got some says your soul wandering around in there during the day says it but that can't be so says you know this is so you know they're going back to mother earth Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and they gonna be like to change me and my wife says no y- you and mister {X} worked together up there get out on the porch {D: light} machine after you done get you a cold bucket of water and sit down and then {X} you almost just like him he's nothing but an infidel says the people around here t- tells that on {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and says {X} he can't be nothing but an infidel he don't believe in Heaven he don't believe in hell you said {X} and do it I hear you said it don't he says well what are you doing says you beli- you believe in what he said I said yes some some parts he said- s to me is true and says its nothing more than what sense teaches you that one one uh- {D: pronged up} a whole little storm uh wind storm uh rain and this heat meets together and roll over and it makes thunder Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and the effects from that makes lightning and says that some say yes it uh they say that but now you don't know that I say well no I don't I- but I believe it uh it's got to be something up there that make it Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and he says she says to me says now sh- sh- y- you quit believing what he says says if you believe other ways when you come to die you will die {D: hauling} cursing and doing everything else you'll die just like a like a hog when it's took jumping and jigging and running trying not to die Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: because you you knew you were bound for hell and so there ain't nothing you can do to for me and says you just quit listening to what he says and when you go to church hearing whats what the preacher says and says course the preachers got to be right if he means what he says {X} reads the main s- scripture of the Bible {X} and you said {X} or this and that and knewing he could {X} and doing {D: pretty good} and says {X} and study as he grew on pretty and she was {X} talk enough you said you can go back and buy them and find out what he said Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: oh she was pretty {X} and their books been an hour but I never went to school but three days in my life and she went several times she could write she was a good writer she could read any kind of writing {D: does it often} {D: that's} {X} But she read uh {X} {D: Lang} I read it Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: {NW} of any kind of letter I had letters here {D: backed up now} I couldn't make no sense out of it Interviewer: yeah 303: set it down here and {NS} {D: she did her} {X} says bring that there to me staring I said hell I'm getting on this and that and and she wouldn't miss a word and she if she did something {D: use kind of} words who body said wait 'til you s- see what the letter mean she spell it and says uh yes it ain't spelled correctly but I bet the reason but now f- from what she said on this last word what she meant says that's what I go by says she ain't spelled it right I- I- I said well you that's pretty good for you Interviewer: mm 303: I can't do it {NS} and um what are they gonna say {NS} that I stayed with him a year two years worked together two years {NS} and the last year I worked with him I said mister {B} I said uh I went to church I've had the Bible read by white people this white person preach for us today and uh I've mine remind his words of what he said w- was the fact and uh I believe it I said now I can't go on here no more o- on I said yeah I- I was your side 'til this year I stayed on your side never went to church and and di- didn't pay no attention to church or nothing and just thought when a man was dead it was just like a dog fall off in a ditch somewhere that was a Hindu Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and so I said must go into the {X} I'm getting back from there yup it was pretty hard {NS} and he says well says hell was sitting on the {X} {X} I said yeah he said well tell me says well I said {D: this about here change you} why I ain't never gonna change I'm gonna I believe this from the heart {D: sterling} and it must be right cuz I- {X} person by some words I've said you know you've seen that pass here yes said uh and said yo- and said well says that's enough con- confess you for what I've said we've been talking about here with a- we worked together and we'd come out on the porch and sit and talk with him so then have us a bucket of water and drink {D: and but taste it} and says uh if you do it more my way why i- i- i- i- you you be sorry because you go somewhere else that you won't know more where I'm at because I won't be there they call it Heaven don't they? I yes sir {NS} or they called it paradise yes sir I said well I w- if he wore {D: jeans} from working he stayed on my side all this time {X} what caused you to change? but people told 'em to you by your own knowledge I said by my own knowledge mister {B} and so here a few years he died never did never did make no change he said said he still kept his own {D: mantra} for what he preached for what he taught about he never did change and his wife's dead now and he's dead one of his girls dead he's got {NW} two girls dead I think but two living one boy living and Thomas he was the oldest boy he died {X} it's been fifteen or fifteen years ago those boys and so {X} we parted and I come over here and finally he moved up he moved over here Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and uh I was {X} I live back on the farm pass right out by his house and never did {D: bore the wife} she walked to town down here from {X} where we lived so sh- when they had one of the daughters the oldest daughter she said that's it where you going said I'm going home says come on in {X} she wanted him talk to her and talk to her mother {NS} and says uh this is his manner long time says I never thought talk you go- been moved over {X} close together no I wouldn't have thought it some boy was {X} with that force and I- I- I- I wouldn't have believed it and says time makes it different and time makes it change Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and she says {X} {X} did you know our papa know Sterling and papa worked together two or three years said yes and said did you know papa ain't change he still she said {X} what I thought {D: his friend} and uh e- uh- says where the sterling silver is and says yes you know he's doing it back here on the farm and says uh {NS} oh you tell Sterling stop sometimes and {X} e- e- e- {X} they can't get together knowing what they believe and they uh he's got the right for his belief and my daddy's got a right to his belief and so don't let that stop 'em from talking to one another and uh he- {X} says well I don't want a drink of water she went out got the bucket and draw her bucket of water told her get her a glass she said I ain't gonna do it she just drink out of the dipper says you just a clean as I am says oh no uh says yo- yo- y- yes you people ain't ya? said you drink all that but that dipper and she took her drink she said {X} get talking to her and says the last words he said to me says you tell Sterling to talk {D: and see} Pop-pop or papa's sick now Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and nearly I let that slip I never did stop the {X} {X} don't go I've done {X} I'm not but uh we were friends I didn't have nothing against {X} all I change was what he was preaching Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: that's all I did that's all I can say about it that's all you just put it off it right there and stop {NS} he was a white fellow he wasn't no black fellow Interviewer: yeah 303: he's American cold-blooded American- American and he thought {X} all of 'em did cuz I claimed to be a good {D: darky} and always was since I been married I wouldn't {X} time in there but I got older changed and then had had people to talk to me old people back out of them like young ones tell me bogeyman getting her going straight to hell all like that so I just changed my ways a lot Interviewer: mm-hmm Okay someone that like this that that wouldn't there was no use arguing with him because he wouldn't change his mind would you say that he was stubborn or {D: sought or} muled-headed or? 303: oh yes he's a {D: lugging head} or he's a he's a fool Interviewer: he's a 303: oh he is he's independent Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and uh just something to spend it on with uh everything is safe if it ain't on his side he will not agree with you Interviewer: yes What was the first thing you said? he's {X} 303: he's {D: dumber} Interviewer: He's what? 303: {D: dumber} Interviewer: uh-huh something had it thought don't it? don't he had it or? 303: n- uh dumber-headed or mule-headed or he's foolish Interviewer: uh-huh okay um Somebody that you can't joke with at all without him losing his temper just gets 303: he's he's called oh hot-tempered kinda person and he don't {X} Interviewer: mm-hmm What happens if you joke with him? 303: I beg you? Interviewer: What happens if you joke with him? 303: Why he'd say something to you make you mad or he'd uh wanna hit you Interviewer: yeah okay somebody about to lose their temper you might tell 'em they're just 303: just hold a temper Interviewer: or just keep- 303: or just keep a temper Interviewer: okay what about keep cal- 303: keep calm Interviewer: Okay um Now if you had been working very hard you say that you were very 303: uh sound very tired Interviewer: Okay And if you were very very tired you'd say that you were just 303: just {D: unusual} tired Interviewer: or just completely 303: completely give out Interviewer: okay or completely wo- 303: wore out Interviewer: Okay So if someone was um someone had been quiet without {X} that they had some disease 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: you say well I don't know when it was just last night she what sick 303: she was sick last night Interviewer: yeah she what sick last night 303: s- well cold Interviewer: okay would you say she got sick or took sick or- 303: oh uh she- she- she got sick or she w- she was taken sick she's oh Interviewer: uh-huh Which would you probably say? 303: I'd say oh I'd say she's taken sick Interviewer: You wouldn't? 303: Um? Interviewer: What was that you would've said? 303: I sa- I- I would say she taken taken sick Interviewer: Okay um What if someone had gone outside and in pretty bad weather that later was sneezing and coughing and his eyes and nose were running you'd say that he what? 303: Why he's {X} went out and got too cold and the weather Interviewer: uh-huh 303: he giving a cold might've took the pneumonia Interviewer: Okay so you say that he what cold he? he took a cold or- 303: he took a cold Interviewer: got a cold or 303: yeah he he took a cold um fix it Interviewer: Okay and if it affected his voice you'd say that he was 303: Hoarse Interviewer: Okay and you'd say he has a little {NW} what's that? 303: uh well a- a little touches of pneumonia I'd call it Interviewer: Okay but you call that a When you go like this {NW} 303: You call that a cough Interviewer: Okay Now you say I better go to bed I'm feeling a little 303: {D: stupid} Interviewer: A little what? 303: uh a little stupid or a little sleepy Interviewer: Okay Um What does it mean I feel a little stupid? 303: It means you're drowsy and feel stupid and l- l- look like your eyes won't stay open Interviewer: yeah 303: and uh you won't go to bed Interviewer: mm-kay 303: lie down and relax Interviewer: okay um you say it's six o'clock in the morning then I'll 303: {NW} Six o'clock in the morning? Interviewer: uh-huh 303: I {NW} well getting-up time Interviewer: Okay but before you get up you have to- 303: Lift the pillow off Interviewer: Okay but when the alarm clock goes off then you 303: {NW} Well it's six o'clock about time to get up Interviewer: Okay You mentioned earlier that sometimes you'd stay up to watch the news? 303: mm Interviewer: and you'd fall asleep? 303: hmm well I- that's uh I don't know the word for that exactly the word you fall asleep Interviewer: No- oh now this you know you s- you mention that you like to- to watch the evening news and 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: or like sometimes you can't stay awake all during it 303: th- the problem Interviewer: uh-huh 303: well you need a a sleepover {D: tuck-in} Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and I went to sleep and missed it Interviewer: yeah 303: I waked up it's all over Interviewer: yeah Okay um You said he's still sleeping you'd better go in there and 303: lie down Interviewer: Okay or say someone was supposed to go to work very shortly and he was still in bed asleep you'd say uh he's gonna be late for work so you'd better go in there and- 303: wake him up Interviewer: Okay Do you ever use the word rouse? 303: Rouse? arouse him up Interviewer: uh-huh I tho- thought I heard you use that before saying talking about Would you say it um at six o'clock in the morning I'll rouse up or 303: r- rouse up Interviewer: Do you use that word? 303: I'll wake up yes ma'am {NS} Interviewer: Okay uh Say somebody was sick and you've gotten some medicine for him and you go into their room and you see the medicine still by their bed 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: You might ask why haven't you-? 303: taken the medicine Interviewer: okay the person might answer well an hour ago I- 303: I tooken some Interviewer: Okay um and in another couple of hours I'll 303: take another Interviewer: okay {NS} somebody who can't hear anything at all you'd say that they're 303: deaf deaf deaf and dumb Interviewer: Okay um Say if they had been out working real hard an- and it's real hot you know 303: mm Interviewer: and he takes off his shirt and its all wet 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: you know he'd say look how much I-? 303: I sweat Interviewer: Okay um What do you call the little sore that comes to a head? 303: sto- sore Interviewer: sore like on you're 303: call it a pimple Interviewer: Okay any other name? It comes to a head 303: uh {D: it's a rising} Interviewer: Okay What about another name for that? 303: it's a Oh I know another name but I can't uh Interviewer: starts with a B? {NS} 303: it's it's come to a head Interviewer: mm-hmm Do you- 303: and {X} {D: build} Interviewer: uh-huh What's the stuff that drains out 303: uh they call it crimson Interviewer: uh-huh 303: or either call it {D: muck} Interviewer: uh-huh And what do you call that thing? 303: {D: Crimson or muck} Interviewer: uh-huh Do y- Do you talk You say rising or- 303: uh a rising or a pimple Interviewer: What about boi-? 303: huh? Interviewer: starts with a b boi- 303: Boil Interviewer: Yeah do you call it does that 303: Yeah it be called b- boil as I pronounce it or carbuncle Interviewer: Okay These are all the same thing? 303: No carbuncle is a little bit different it comes to head but it it hurts you it's a terrible thing uh carbuncle I had one on my neck back there when I was a boy Interviewer: uh-huh 303: sore gonna {X} couldn't rest stay down couldn't rest I'd rub it and inflame it mother told me not to scratch it doc- see doctor to put spread on it wash it off every morning {X} carbuncle they're the same Interviewer: How long did you have it? 303: I kept it around let's see a month Interviewer: hmm 303: {NW} uh it {X} going going down and quit hur- paining and itching but I guess it'd been better for me not to been scratching you know children here mother put something on it sti- stick it on there and {X} {X} and pain and {X} {D: freeze that} thing up and oh move it around that took long to show up Interviewer: mm-hmm Did it get much bigger? 303: No she kept what she put on it kept it from spreading Interviewer: mm-kay 303: bigger larger {D: should say} Interviewer: Okay suppose a bee stings you then your hand will? 303: Swell Interviewer: Okay So you say a bee stung me yesterday and my hand? 303: Swell Interviewer: Okay {D: they say} still pretty badly 303: When it's still swole Interviewer: Okay um You know when you open a blister the liquid that that comes out What do you call that? 303: Water water blister Interviewer: Okay and {NS} say someone had been shot or stabbed you'd have to get a doctor to look at the- 303: mm the wound Interviewer: The what? 303: l- look at the wound Interviewer: Okay Um You know what about some wounds don't heal back right you know they get this white gras- white grain sort of stuff around the um edges and sometimes you got to cut it out or burn it out because it it doesn't heal right 303: no {NS} Interviewer: You know what I mean? 303: uh no I can't answer that Interviewer: It's Have you ever read something called some kind of flesh some- 303: proud flesh yeah {NS} proud flesh it won't hardly heal Interviewer: uh-huh 303: Or either {D: cancer} Interviewer: mm-hmm Okay Suppose you had a little cut on your finger And you might put this medicine on it this it's a liquid and it's brown and it stings a lot 303: that's uh fluid uh I- call it {X} I got a bottle in down in there iodine Interviewer: mm-kay And this is something that people used to get for malaria {NS} 303: Used to get for what? Interviewer: malaria you know 303: {D: f- flavor} Interviewer: uh-huh 303: {X} fever no Interviewer: What medicine did they take? this one 303: the- the- they took it back yonder they took morphine and and uh quinine Interviewer: uh-huh 303: for that {NS} they took {NS} and uh they took it uh dial their fever down Interviewer: uh-huh They take morphine for it? 303: mo- morphine or and quinine Interviewer: uh-huh 303: but I ain't seen no quinine I guess they still {D: get it though} {X} morphine they still get it costs about forty dollars a bottle now {D: fifty} Interviewer: You guys still buy morphine? 303: n- n- no I don't buy none I said people can still buy it Interviewer: uh-huh 303: it's still in practice but a a outsider can't get it without a {X} sorta like this here it's a {D: habit} uh {D: an agreement} Interviewer: yeah 303: {D: told the person} start to be a morphine dipper or either quinine there ain't got nothing on that but morphine it won't let you have it without prescription Interviewer: yeah 303: they put that out {D: kind} old fellow had he had a farm? and the morphine when he started was uh two and three dollars a bottle and he took it about ten years Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and it got up to forty dollars a bottle {NS} and he still kept taking it and uh he took it 'til a he broke hisself Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: didn't have nothing and had had a great big {D: horn} stop money Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and it passed his mother his daddy was dead and uh she tried to get him to quit but but he wouldn't wouldn't do it Interviewer: yeah {NS} Okay someone was shot say and didn't recover you'd say that the person? 303: oh uh he died Interviewer: okay Any other words for saying he died? 303: {NW} yes there's another way but I can't recall it {D: he ceased it} one thing from that shop Interviewer: uh-huh What about any crude ways of saying somebody died? 303: {NW} Interviewer: I mean Ones that aren't nice I mean that aren't serious maybe 303: I've some of 'em say they didn't like 'em they turn it over there to die Interviewer: mm-hmm They ever say say that that {X} kicked 303: the old devil {X} Interviewer: or ki- kicked the 303: kick the bucket Interviewer: yeah {NS} {X} 303: yes I've heard that {NS} Interviewer: Okay you say well he's been dead a week and nobody's figured out yet what he died- 303: died with Interviewer: okay and um place where people are buried 303: call it a graveyard or a cemetery Interviewer: Okay And um Is there any difference between graveyard and cemetery? {NS} 303: Well I yes there's something different but I can't recall it that's different {NS} {NS} I can't recall it Interviewer: Okay um and the box that people are buried in 303: That's called a {NW} {NW} uh {NS} {X} that I know it but I I just can't call it right now and I knowed from my wife buried in one Interviewer: Is it cas- 303: Casket that's right casket Interviewer: Okay but what about when you were growing up that wooden thing 303: a wooden box Interviewer: uh-huh Would they call it casket or-? 303: #1 no # Interviewer: #2 {D: or think} # 303: They'd call it a w- a wooden box Interviewer: What about cof-? 303: a coffin a coffin Interviewer: uh-huh 303: call it a wooden box or {NS} {NW} Interviewer: Okay I don't guess you ever heard the word pinto 303: pinto Interviewer: yeah 303: no Interviewer: okay You said he was a real important man everybody turned out for his-? 303: uh {X} Interviewer: oh say say a real important person had died 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: You'd say everybody came to his 303: rester {NS} Interviewer: or t- to the ceremony? 303: or to the ceremony or either to the the wake Interviewer: uh-huh or either to the graveyard uh-huh What what happens when a person dies? What is a- They take the body to the funeral home and then 303: They take the body to the funeral home then from there to the grave Interviewer: mm-hmm Okay um People at a funeral who are all dressed up in black you'd say that they're in 303: {D: they're in} I suppose you'd call it uh dressed up in black and sing Interviewer: Who were crying and you know really upset {NS} the family you know dresses up and 303: {NW} Interviewer: puts on black clothes and {X} 303: {D: they'd say} Interviewer: okay what about {X} 303: {X} Interviewer: You say that they're in mour- 303: {NW} Interviewer: mourning 303: they are mourning Interviewer: What about mourning? mourning 303: {NW} {NW} Interviewer: Would you say someone's mourning? 303: yes um uh I know what it means but I can't {X} to get that together Interviewer: Okay suppose um {NS} suppose someone saw you oh say today and asked you how you are you feeling you'd say? 303: I'm feeling very well Interviewer: Okay um Is that what you usually say? Very well 303: n- no Sometimes I say I'm feeling alright or either I'm ain't feeling good today Interviewer: uh-huh 303: as I did yesterday Interviewer: yeah Okay say your children are out late and you're wife's getting a little excited about it you say oh they'll be at home alright just don't you 303: worry Interviewer: okay and Interviewer: {C: tape repeats} 303: {C: tape repeats} Interviewer: mm-kay um and um {NS} okay what was that you said you'd say that they said you might tell someone oh it's gonna be alright just don't you 303: yeah don't worry or either don't fret about it about it it's gonna be alright Interviewer: mm-kay um and um When you're getting older and your joints get all stiff 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: you say that you've got 303: {X} or Interviewer: would you say {X} 303: my limbs {NW} I've got got to worry uh there's some more to that but I can't s- explain it to you Interviewer: Yeah say your fingers get all swe- #1 swollen up # 303: #2 oh uh # {D: daunches} got the stiff Interviewer: uh-huh Would you say rhu- 303: mm {X} Interviewer: uh-huh Any other names for that? 303: n- {X} more names uh {X} Interviewer: {NS} Okay um {NS} this is something that {NS} people used to get um they get a real real bad um {NS} sore throat 303: mm Interviewer: children would get it and they'd choke up 303: mm some of 'em call it diphtheria Interviewer: okay and um This is something that makes your skin turn yellow and your eyeballs turn yellow 303: that's the yellow gene Interviewer: okay um and when you have your appendix taken out you say that you've had a touch of 303: {NS} touch of Interviewer: You'd say you have a type of? {NS} What? 303: type of {X} Interviewer: okay um {NS} and um if you ate something that didn't agree with you and it wouldn't stay down you'd say and i- i- i- not came back up you'd say you had to 303: I had built it up to make me sick uh {NW} {NS} s- so so sores uh Interviewer: okay would you What about the word vomit? 303: I had to vomit couldn't keep it down Interviewer: Any other words with that meaning? 303: uh let's see Interviewer: Does belch it up make sense? 303: {NW} belch it up Interviewer: Is that the same thing as throwing up? 303: no Interviewer: okay um What other words are there for vomit? {NS} 303: Well that's I can't think can't go on further on that I can't explain Interviewer: What about {NS} um words meaning vomit but words that aren't aren't very nice {NW} 303: mm {NS} Interviewer: puke or barf? 303: puke ors- throw up Interviewer: okay oh is throw up not a nice word? 303: n- no It that don't sound too nice Interviewer: mm-kay um And if a person vomited you'd say that they were sick {D: where} 303: I would says s- s- sick in the stomach sick sick at the stomach Interviewer: okay and say you'd just gotten some really interesting news and then you went across the street and told your neighbor the news someone asked you why you went over there you'd say well I went over there 303: to tell 'em about Interviewer: okay Say if you invite someone to come see you you'll say now if you don't come over and see me I 303: I didn't come to see you Interviewer: or I what be disappointed 303: I well I'd be disappointed {X} Interviewer: okay Would you ever Do you use the word shall? I shall be disappointed? 303: I should've used that shall be disappointed I shall not be disappointed Interviewer: yeah but these Do you use those words? really 303: some people do Interviewer: Who does? 303: Well most {X} boys some of the other white people colored too Interviewer: mm-hmm okay you might tell someone at any time you can come over we'll be what to see you? 303: We'll be glad to accept you Interviewer: okay any other word you might use besides glad? 303: you'd be happy Interviewer: Okay what about huh? 303: be happy for you come over Interviewer: okay Would you say we'll be proud to see you? 303: oh we'll be we'll be awful proud to see you all coming Interviewer: Okay um If a boy was spending a lot of time with a girl like he was thinking about marrying her eventually you'd say that he was 303: He was courting her Interviewer: okay Any other expressions like that? 303: uh uh no there's another word or two but I can't explain it Interviewer: mm-kay and in this case he would have called her 303: sweetheart Interviewer: okay And she'd be called his? 303: uh a lover or either her bride or if she's gonna marry him Interviewer: yeah or she would be called his? 303: his his bride Interviewer: okay um did you say sweetheart? 303: or his sweetheart or dear Interviewer: Sweetheart or what? 303: or his dearest Interviewer: okay um and the boy came home with lipstick on his collar you'd say that he had been? 303: {NW} he'd been kissing somebody Interviewer: okay any old fashioned words 303: mm n- seem like its {X} but I can't call it Interviewer: what about bussing or smooching or necking or spooning? 303: {X} smooching or bussing or either there's another word but I can't recall it Interviewer: okay um If he asked her to marry him and she doesn't want to you'd say that she? 303: she didn't love him like he thought she did {NS} Interviewer: okay or would you say she turned him down or? 303: she turned him down or she turned his back on Interviewer: okay Any other words like that? 303: uh no not that I can call right now Interviewer: okay but if she didn't turn him down you'd say they went ahead and got 303: married Interviewer: okay Any funny ways of saying that? 303: uh? Interviewer: Any joking ways of saying that? 303: Saying {X} no n- n- n- I- I can't ex- #1 plain # Interviewer: #2 got hitched or? # jumped the? 303: Jumped the rope. Interviewer: Jumped the rope? 303: yes Interviewer: What does that mean? 303: That means they got married Interviewer: {NW} Jump the rope? 303: jump rope that's what they calls it {X} or they joined r- right hand Interviewer: They what? 303: or they both join right hands Interviewer: huh they joined right hands 303: They joined right hands That means forever 'til God parts 'em Interviewer: hmm Okay and at a wedding the boy that stands up for the groom is called a 303: well he called a {NW} {NW} well I know where to put the {X} but I- I can't recall it now Interviewer: {NS} you ever heard of waiter or groomsman or best man? 303: he's a waiter or a groomsman {NW} {NS} Interviewer: What about the woman that stands up with the bride? 303: {X} Interviewer: The woman that stands up with the bride 303: She's called a uh I can't remember I know it I've heard it's called but I can't memorize it enough to speak it right now Interviewer: Okay you know a long time ago when people get married {D: they people} {X} fire off pistols and ring cowbells and make a lot of noise What would you call that? 303: They're celebrating Interviewer: mm-hmm But is there another name for that? {NS} 303: Some would call it {D: sumerating} {C: another word for celebrating} some would call it cele- celebrating Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: they may {X} anniversary {X} my thought Interviewer: some people you know they take the groom out and and ride around on a pole or something like that 303: {NW} they call that {NS} uh I forgot what they call they call that I can't recall it but I Interviewer: Do you ever hear of sere- 303: uh-huh Interviewer: seren- serenade or 303: serenade serenade Interviewer: or chivalry? 303: or chivalry Interviewer: uh-huh Did you ever hear either of these words? 303: no I can't go no further Interviewer: which Did you hear it called serenade? 303: yes serenading uh serenading {X} there's another way but I can't call it Interviewer: Tell me what it it what it was like What would they do? 303: {X} Take 'em out and ride 'em on the {D: real} or or put 'em on the see-saw {X} {X} part of it {D: could} {X} on the ground cause it {D: worried them out} Interviewer: yeah Who would do this? 303: #1 the friends # Interviewer: #2 is this a? # uh-huh 303: the friends Interviewer: Did you have that done to you? 303: N- the- talked about it but I I paid off Interviewer: You paid off? 303: mm I had candy cake {D: since is they} Interviewer: They just do it with people who didn't have 303: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 candy or cake? # 303: Why yeah {X} {D: ask his} friend that he had the candy nice {X} candy or a cake cold {X} something like that from the drink {NW} they let you off Interviewer: {NW} And eh- if they didn't let you off they'd call that a- 303: uh celebrating {NW} we ce- we celebrate the {X} last night and some of that's well did you didn't have that no you can have 'em {X} {X} went in and got him out {NS} give him a good ride Interviewer: {NW} {NS} Okay um {NS} Okay now I'm interested in words like up or down or over or like say you'd been in Nashville you would say last week I was 303: in Nashville Interviewer: Okay Would you say over in Nashville? 303: #1 Over in Nashville # Interviewer: #2 down in Nashville # 303: #1 or # Interviewer: #2 up in # 303: #1 down in Nashville # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 303: or or if I live below Nashville I'd say I {D: go} to Nashville last week Interviewer: What does below Nashville mean? 303: below Interviewer: South of it? 303: yes ma'am Interviewer: {NS} Okay what Chattanooga How would you say that? I was 303: um going with us to Chattanooga Interviewer: okay um Why do you say over? Do you know? 303: Why? because it's where I was living Interviewer: okay but Chattanooga is south of here 303: yes {NS} yes I'd call it down down south Interviewer: uh-huh but you said you'd say over to Chattanooga 303: uh I'd Interviewer: #1 you have to cross a mountain # 303: #2 over here here # yeah I'd say over- over Chattanooga Interviewer: Okay Um You say the police came and they didn't arrest just one or two of 'em they arrested the- 303: They arrested the um a squad of us Interviewer: What is that? What crowd the arrested? 303: crowd Interviewer: the 303: the there'd be a crowd right here Interviewer: They arrested all of 'em they arrested the 303: {NW} the- they'd arrest them all or at lea- least some of 'em or it- they they arrest all of 'em all at once Interviewer: okay they're the whole-? 303: {NW} Interviewer: They arrested the whole 303: the whole bunch Interviewer: Okay Um Young people you know like to go out and they eat and they get move around on the floor to music What do you call that? 303: celebrating Interviewer: okay or another name? 303: uh having fun Interviewer: okay what about barn something or square 303: barn dance Interviewer: okay 303: or a square dance Interviewer: Do you remember names for different kinds of dances? 303: {D: I beg you?) Interviewer: Do you remember names for different kinds of dances 303: no I don't remember some n- names barn dance {NS} and uh a cake walk dance {NS} and a {NS} two-step then there's a the {X} dance then there's a uh Interviewer: the cha- 303: s- {X} dance then there's a {NS} uh uh {NW} I said a square dance Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and a {X} dance two-step Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: cake walk and uh there's a whole lot more but I just can't recall 'em all Interviewer: yeah okay If children got out of school at four o'clock you'd say at four o'clock school 303: is four o'clock school is out Interviewer: okay {NS} um and after vacations children might ask when does school 303: when does school {D: turned out} Interviewer: okay or would this- um you say the day after Labor Day is when school what again 303: there's a there's a turn {X} turn some would call it uh my school turned out today for good for the next year Interviewer: and next year the school will What again 303: will start again Interviewer: okay um Say {X} had come to go to school but never showed up in school that day you'd say that day he 303: he l- laid out Interviewer: okay um and you go to school to get a Why do people go to school? 303: to get a education Interviewer: okay and after high school you go on to 303: to uh college Interviewer: okay and after kindergarten you go into the-? 303: uh I know what it's called but I can't talk {NW} {NS} Interviewer: What about you go into the elementary school Which grade do you go into 303: elementary school Interviewer: yeah you go into the fir- 303: first grade Interviewer: okay is that what you call it when you were growing up? 303: then we called it first grade Interviewer: what about first class #1 or first # 303: #2 or first # Interviewer: #1 first grader # 303: #2 first # Interviewer: #1 first primary # 303: #2 first # second grade or first class I mean uh the first grade Interviewer: mm-hmm Okay years ago children sat on benches but now they sit at 303: chairs Interviewer: or? something else? 303: uh benches Interviewer: okay um say you went into a an office the secretary would be sitting at a 303: at a chair Interviewer: okay but she'd have a more than just a chair she'd have her own 303: she'd have a a desk Interviewer: okay and um say there were several say nine or ten secretaries in an office {X} nine or ten 303: {X} Interviewer: there's more than one desk there'd probably be nine or ten 303: ten desks Interviewer: okay um if you want to check out a book you'd go to the 303: uh dictionary Interviewer: okay it's if you wanted to borrow a book you'd go to the 303: dictionary Interviewer: okay um a building where they just have books for people a building 303: {NW} Interviewer: would be the public 303: public uh {NW} library Interviewer: okay and you'd mail a letter at the 303: mm? Interviewer: Where would you go to mail a letter? 303: post office uh you'd stop that thing {X} {X} turn my water on last night I go out in the well and water's running {D: at the run to the mouth} and burn up Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: these children come down here play like at night I went on back and got my supper and then they put that thing on there and I reckon they get on the {X} Interviewer: yeah 303: {NS} {X} running down {NS} from coast to coast {NS} {NS} {NS} {NS} {X} {X} running way down the river {X} {NS} {X} {X} {D: y'all don't have school today?} {C: talking to children} Aux: no, yeah we did {X} {C: children talking} 303: {D: get the water hole} {C: talking to children} {X} {C: talking to children} {NS} {D: y'all get the water hole tomorrow} {C: talking to children} be sure and turn it off {C: talking to children} {NS} {X} {NS} {NS} {X} {X} Interviewer: {X} {NS} yeah {X} {NS} 303: {X} I seen it do it once before and uh that's how I come here just take it off and laid it down right there and they just picked up and throw it back on out of here {X} and uh {X} I'm sitting in in that chair looking there looking pale faced {NS} and {X} I went in the kitchen to the kitchen sink and his his blubber {NS} well yeah I didn't do nothing {X} I said this summer {X} I couldn't face like {X} it's a pipe {X} on the outside {X} that it's been turned on or off it's been turned and rusted to where you can't turn it but I didn't know what somebody might've turn {X} turn Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: but I can't turn {X} and so after I done that I hear the well running when I come in the kitchen door So I says that well is running Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and then before if I stayed out here after this faucet must be on here and when you {X} for a faucet is all and in the kitchen go in there and all and I said when I was here then this was {D: loading} water run right it over {X} I went in there unplugged it and stopped it from running and I got to went back in the kitchen family and I can see {X} singing and went in here with a {X} and it was his {X} {X} and uh it build back up then and when I cut it off I tell you I've seen it alright and I went back and I {X} put the plug in I put the plug in {X} and this and that to fill back up {X} that's the last of it {NW} Interviewer: okay you'd stay overnight in a strange town at a 303: mm-hmm stay out at four- fourteen fourteen or {NS} or call it a town I'd never stayed all night in before Interviewer: uh-huh okay um and you'd see a play or a movie at a {NS} Where would you see a play or a movie? 303: {D: in Lebanon} Interviewer: uh-huh where- where- I mean what 303: What place? Interviewer: yeah you'd call that place 303: theater- theater Interviewer: okay and if you were real sick you might have to go into the 303: {D: in pain} Interviewer: or 303: or or the hospital Interviewer: okay and the woman that'd look after you in the hospital 303: the woman looks at you Interviewer: yeah 303: she'd be the nurse Interviewer: okay and you catch a train at the 303: at the would you say catch a train Interviewer: you'd catch a train 303: oh well let's s- see {X} {X} the passenger train Interviewer: uh-huh where where did you go to catch a train 303: {X} going to Macon Chattanooga {NS} or either {X} Interviewer: mm-hmm but when you wanted to go get on the train or go buy the ticket for the train you'd go down to the 303: to the ticket office Interviewer: Where would that be? 303: That'd be down to the where the passenger train {NS} {D: that's it} Interviewer: mm-hmm What do you call a building where a train comes in {NS} 303: that's a Interviewer: Where do you stop and you get off and #1 everything? # 303: #2 oh # the depot Interviewer: okay um or you might another name for that would- you might call it the rail 303: uh I can't recall it Interviewer: the railroad 303: #1 oh # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 303: the railroad station Interviewer: okay um and around the courthouse in the center of town you have a you know where the the {X} place around the courthouse you call that the 303: the courthouse the courthouse lawn uh uh the courthouse statue Interviewer: mm-kay um {NS} and say two streets crossed and a man started walking across the street starting from one corner and walked all the way across to the other corner 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: How would you say he walked? 303: he was walking from one corner to the other {D: walking pass boy} Interviewer: He was walking what? 303: Walking across the road the {X} by the {D: pass} {X} {NS} I'd call it Interviewer: okay what about kitty- or catty- 303: kindergarten Interviewer: What? 303: kindergarten Interviewer: What's that? 303: uh I know what it is but I can't explain it to you Interviewer: Is that a way of walking? 303: no {NS} Interviewer: Say if there was a lawn say a person was going like this and instead of walking like this you walk this way 303: that'd be if you walk across the corner Interviewer: okay or was that kitty 303: no I suppose some would call it that Interviewer: what 303: for children {X} {X} {NS} Interviewer: for children what? 303: for children to walk up passed {D: go through} keep out danger or either maybe it make 'em a little bit quicker out of the way or Interviewer: uh-huh 303: in danger Interviewer: ho- how would you call it walking kitty- kitty or catty 303: kitty- kindergarten {NW} no that ain't that ain't exactly {X} but I {X} Interviewer: Have you ever heard kitty-cornered or catty- 303: catty-cornered Interviewer: catty-wampus or something? 303: catty cornered or either {NS} cross crossroad cornered Interviewer: okay um and before they had buses in a city they used to have 303: trolley trolley cars Interviewer: okay and you tell the bus driver this next corner is where I want 303: get off Interviewer: okay um say if you had a cat and it went over to the door and started meowing you'd say the cat wants 303: to out Interviewer: okay um and you're in Wilson County Lebanon is the 303: It's the county seat. Interviewer: okay and if you were a postmaster you'd be working for the federal 303: government Interviewer: okay and the police in town are supposed to maintain 303: order Interviewer: what and order la- 303: law and order Interviewer: okay um and the fight between the North and the South you know in eighteen sixty-one What was that called? the war 303: ci- Civil War Civil War Interviewer: Any other names? 303: uh yes there's another but I can't call that there's another name {NS} Interviewer: okay you say before they had the electric chair the murderers were 303: were hung Interviewer: okay so you say and that man went out and what himself that man went out and 303: hung himself Interviewer: okay and these are some names of states and cities 303: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 um # huh? 303: {D: One's a difference} what? Interviewer: no um now I wanna ask you some names for some states and some cities The biggest city in this country is in what state? 303: it's uh uh you've got me {X} {X} Interviewer: Just name some of the states 303: there's New York Interviewer: mm-kay 303: Washington and uh {NS} {NS} and uh Danville, Illinois Louisville Kentucky Interviewer: mm-kay 303: and and {NS} there's oh a whole lot of others Interviewer: What about some more states down south? 303: {NW} Interviewer: s- st- states further down south {NS} {NS} {NS} {NS} Can I get {X} 303: {X} Interviewer: What about some states further down south? 303: Well I j- just tell you {X} I can't name none of 'em {NS} because I've never {D: studied it} Interviewer: uh-huh 303: {D: that books} {D: and words} Interviewer: What {NS} 303: and I I can't go back use that down south Interviewer: uh-huh Do you have any rel- Where do you have some relatives living? 303: In uh {D: Cresson} Oklahoma Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and and uh Davis- Davisville Oklahoma Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and {D: Arkansas} Ar- Ar- City Kansas Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: I've got some people here in {D: Tennessee} state that's my sister Interviewer: What about the states around Tennessee? 303: Around Tennessee Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: There's the Interviewer: You know Richmond is the capital of? 303: r- Richmond uh Nashville Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and there's uh Chattanooga I reckon it's in Tennessee I know it is Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and several others Interviewer: uh-huh What about some states near Tennessee 303: Well you went I can't Interviewer: Okay Atlanta is in what state? 303: in a the state of Georgia Interviewer: Okay and the state next to that? Where- Do you know where George Wallace was from? 303: the state of Alabama Interviewer: okay What are some cities in Alabama? 303: I couldn't tell you Interviewer: Okay um 303: {D: too far from it} Interviewer: What about the state where oranges come from? 303: Florida Interviewer: okay and the state where they have that big river running through it 303: um {NS} Interviewer: Where they're talking about a flood damage 303: uh I don't know what that {X} {D: sit right in} know what it is but I just can't call it what it been- had this year there Interviewer: What about Mis- 303: Michigan Interviewer: oh Mississi- 303: oh Memphis Interviewer: What's that? 303: Memphis Interviewer: okay um Do you know what state Boston is in? 303: no I don't Interviewer: okay um You know the biggest city in Illinois? 303: I don't know Interviewer: yes Chica- 303: Chicago Interviewer: okay and um the largest city in Georgia? is it Atlanta? 303: mm {X} Interviewer: okay um what about cities in Louisiana 303: You lost me again Interviewer: okay um Say someone asked you to go with 'em and you're not sure you want to you say well I don't know 303: Well I'd say I ain't ready to go I ain't I ain't made up my mind to go yet Interviewer: okay or I'm not sure yet what I want to go or not I'm not sure yet 303: uh well I'd say I I'm not sure that want to I go yet Interviewer: okay um if you wanted someone to go with you you might say well I won't go 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: what he goes I won't go 303: without you someone else go with us Interviewer: without what? 303: Without someone else going with us Interviewer: okay um say I had a choice of doing two things and first I was gonna do this but I decided to do that 303: mm Interviewer: in- I thought I'd do that ins- 303: that is something {X} that is {X} I'd do it the other way Interviewer: okay so I decide to do that inste- of this 303: in- Interviewer: ins- 303: oh I I can't get there Interviewer: alright what about instea-? 303: instead Interviewer: okay um So say if a man is is real funny and you like him for that reason you'd say I like him 303: {X} he's funny Interviewer: okay {NS} um What are some names of some churches around here the largest protestant church 303: well the large I couldn't tell you the largest Interviewer: Well what are just some churches around here 303: the Baptist church Interviewer: okay 303: Methodist church and {X} church and uh Interviewer: mm-kay 303: I ca- I can't {D: watch it} Interviewer: the {D: Candlelight} church 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: okay um if two people become members of church of- of a church you say that they 303: they are members Interviewer: or they what the church 303: {NW} they're Interviewer: they join 303: now members of the church Interviewer: because they have joi- 303: they have Interviewer: joi- do you say joined or {D: jimed} 303: joined Interviewer: okay 303: they have joined the church Interviewer: okay and you go to church to worship who? 303: worship the the Lord Interviewer: okay or another name for him you pray to 303: Jesus Interviewer: or Go- or pray to Jesus or 303: or the the minister Interviewer: okay what um another name for the Lord is 303: God Interviewer: okay {NS} um and the preacher preaches a- 303: a sermon Interviewer: mm-kay and you say the choir and the organist provided the- 303: the music {NS} Interviewer: mm-kay and if you really like the music you might say oh that music was just 303: wonderful Interviewer: or just beau- 303: beautiful Interviewer: okay say if you had to change a flat tire on the way to church one morning you might say oh church is gonna be over what I get there? church will be over 303: church will be over while I guess I was changing the tire Interviewer: okay um the enemy of God is called a 303: uh the enemy of God call Interviewer: God 303: Jesus God the father Interviewer: okay God's in heaven um who's who's down in hell? 303: Why {D: Julius} I think {D: Julius} Interviewer: okay any other names? 303: no Interviewer: Do you call him the dev- {NS} Any names for the devil? 303: mm I can't get it Interviewer: What about the devil? 303: oh yeah the devil {NW} I know that Interviewer: Any other names for him? 303: uh {NW} some would call it hell Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: but uh I uh I can't call it call it Interviewer: mm-kay {X} people think they see at night around a graveyard 303: {D: a haunts} Interviewer: okay any other names for that? 303: a ghost Interviewer: okay And how is it supposed to have ghosts in it? say the house is 303: haunted {C: pronunciation is distinct} Interviewer: okay {NS} you say you better put a sweater on it's getting what chilly 303: getting chilly out here getting cool Interviewer: but it's not real chilly it's just 303: cold Interviewer: okay um you say well I'll go if you insist but I'd- {NS} what not go I'll go if you insist but I'd 303: rather not go Interviewer: okay um If you hadn't seen a good friend of yours in a long time when you saw him you- you might say um how- how would you express your feelings? you might say I'm mighty 303: I'm mighty proud to see you Interviewer: okay um say someone owned five hundred acres you'd say that that would be a a what of land 303: a plenty of land Interviewer: a what? 303: a a plenty of land {X} Interviewer: okay 303: for one person {X} Interviewer: okay um would you say it's right smart of land 303: yeah or either it's a right smart of land or it's a whole lot of land Interviewer: mm-hmm what's the word right smart mean? 303: right smarts means more than a little Interviewer: mm-hmm what {NS} how do you use that word? 303: smart Interviewer: Would you talk about a right smart of people? 303: a right smart of people or a right smart of land or few people or {NS} or just a large {D: get-along} Interviewer: uh-huh 303: {X} of people um Interviewer: Would you say it rained right smart? 303: no it it rained {NS} a whole lot or either a right smart Interviewer: okay um you say it wasn't just a little cold this morning it was 303: this t- 'un- t- 'un- usually cold Interviewer: or it was 303: very cold Interviewer: or re- #1 re- # 303: #2 uh # Interviewer: {NS} 303: uh a wet cold a damp cold Interviewer: okay um someone says something kinda shocking and you you sorta resented him saying it you might say why the what? 303: Why did you say that thataway Interviewer: okay Someone had um okay 303: {NW} Interviewer: um someone had a good suggestion you might say oh that's a very good 303: a good person Interviewer: or that's he had a very good i- 303: very good uh idea {D: or} Interviewer: okay Would you say that when you were sort of shocked you might say why the i- {NS} 303: Why {X} Interviewer: What? 303: How did I mour- mourn him Interviewer: How did I what? 303: mourn him Interviewer: What does that mean? 303: {NW} That means think a lot of it Interviewer: uh-huh 303: {X} Interviewer: uh-huh okay um okay if you see someone you tell 'em good morning and then you ask them well 303: {NS} good morning Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and how are you feeling Interviewer: okay um okay when you're introduced to a stranger what might you say? {NS} 303: and {X} Interviewer: when someone introduces you 303: to a stranger? Interviewer: someone that- yeah that you you'd ask him 303: um Glad to see you Interviewer: okay {NS} Would you say how- how do you- 303: How do you do I'm really glad to see you Interviewer: okay if someone had visited you you might say well I hope you'll come {NS} 303: hope y'all come back again Interviewer: okay What do you say when you meet someone on Christmas? 303: Good morning Christmas gift Interviewer: okay um do you just say Christmas gift on Christmas day 303: well Christmas {NS} uh Christmas Eve Interviewer: okay say what if it was say about a week before Christmas would you tell someone 303: well Interviewer: you'd say 303: still have Christmas spirit Interviewer: uh-huh 303: {X} {D: said} {NS} Interviewer: {D: oh yeah} 303: huh? Interviewer: {D: real} 303: Merry uh Christmas to you Interviewer: okay um and on the first of January you tell someone 303: Happy new year Interviewer: okay Would you ever say New Year's gift? 303: New Year's gift Interviewer: Would you say that? 303: I'd say that yes New Year's gift Interviewer: okay um {NS} say someone had done you a favor you might say thank you I'm much 303: I'm much Interviewer: much o- 303: much obliged Interviewer: alright 303: pleased with it Interviewer: okay um you say I have to go downtown to do some 303: shopping Interviewer: okay and you say after {D: is that} is {X} and old-fashioned word for that? 303: {NW} I guess {NS} Now let me buy some {X} Interviewer: okay you wouldn't say do some trading would you? 303: oh I yes somes some of 'em put it thataway {NW} I might go to town do some trading Interviewer: mm-hmm okay say say you bought something in the store keeper took out a piece of paper and what it up 303: well he put I don't know how to rhyme that Interviewer: okay say you know if you buy some meat you're gonna have to slice some meat for you 303: uh yeah slice it for me Interviewer: and then then he he #1 put # 303: #2 put # Interviewer: the paper he 303: puts the paper around it Interviewer: okay or he 303: wraps it up Interviewer: okay um so you say um he took out the paper and he what it out he 303: he laid the meat in it wrapped it up Interviewer: okay and when I got home with the package I um 303: unfolded the wrap Interviewer: uh-huh and so {X} into it you 303: uh put in it the Interviewer: yeah when you when you wanna get the meat out then you have to 303: uh thaw it up Interviewer: uh-huh he he wrapped it up when you get home you 303: you know, you take it out Interviewer: or you {NS} what 'un- 303: unwrap it Interviewer: okay um if you had to sell something for less than you paid for it you'd say I had to sell it at a 303: well I had to sell the {X} I didn't get what I wanted to when I sold it Interviewer: mm-kay um or to say I had to sell it at a 303: at a at a {D: deer fry} Interviewer: yeah {X} 303: {NS} {NS} {NS} {NW} {NS} Interviewer: okay um Say you you wanna buy something but it's too expensive you'd say well I like it but it what 303: just too high for me to buy Interviewer: or it what too much it 303: it's way Interviewer: it co- 303: cost lit- too much Interviewer: okay When it's time to pay the bills you say the bill is 303: it's time to pay the bill off Interviewer: mm 303: today Interviewer: yeah on the first of the month the bill is 303: to be paid off Interviewer: okay if you belong to a club you have to pay your 303: salary Interviewer: or your is there another name for that? 303: yes it's another but I can't call it Interviewer: what about dues or dues {C: pronunciation} 303: uh uh dues Interviewer: okay So they tell you on the first of the month the bill is 303: forty dollars Interviewer: okay um if you don't have any money you might go to a friend a try to 303: borrow some Interviewer: okay you say in the thirties money was 303: hmm? Interviewer: in the nineteen thirties money was 303: scarce Interviewer: okay Said he ran down the springboard and what into the water 303: he sprung into the water Interviewer: or he you know goes head first he 303: oh he he flipped in the water or or he sprung into the water Interviewer: okay what about using the word dive? 303: dived into the water {C: tape skips} Interviewer: okay say nine or ten children have already {C:tape error} what into the water already 303: {NW} dived Interviewer: mm-kay but I was too scared to 303: to make it Interviewer: to what into the water 303: to make a dive into the water Interviewer: okay When you dive in and hit the water flat on your stomach you call that a 303: belly bust Interviewer: okay um and {D: Jock} puts head down on the ground and turns a 303: {D: a backie} Interviewer: yeah he turns a a som- 303: a somersault Interviewer: okay um and you say he he dived into the water and he what across the lake 303: dived into the water Interviewer: yeah and then he what across the river he 303: he swim across the river Interviewer: okay um I have what in that creek before I have 303: I have been in it Interviewer: or um I have {NW} 303: {C: tape error} Interviewer: {X} 303: {C: tape error} Interviewer: What's that? 303: I have swimmed in the creek uh Interviewer: okay 303: thing before Interviewer: um say children like to what in the creek children like to 303: like to dive Interviewer: and 303: and uh swim Interviewer: okay um {NS} you say um someone didn't know how to swim you'd say that he was 303: {NW} he he got to learn he don't know how Interviewer: yeah what might happen to him if he can't swim 303: he might drown Interviewer: okay you say he couldn't swim and he got he couldn't swim 303: {NW} and he got drowned Interviewer: okay you say um so he went down for the third time you'd say that he 303: got his last time Interviewer: yeah and what happened to him? you say he 303: drowned Interviewer: okay What does a baby do before it can walk? 303: it crawls Interviewer: okay um you say that'd be a hard mountain to 303: hard mountain Interviewer: hard mountain to 303: climb Interviewer: okay but my neighbor what it last year my neighbor 303: my neighbor climbed the mountain Interviewer: okay but I had never 303: tr- never climbed it Interviewer: okay um okay if um you say she walked up to the alter and she what down 303: the head down Interviewer: yeah she gets down on her knees you say she 303: prayed Interviewer: yeah you say she walked up to the author and she 303: prayed Interviewer: yeah but to get down on the knees you say she 303: {X} stoop Interviewer: okay would you say she knelt down or kneeled down or 303: kneeled down or {D: hunched} down Interviewer: mm-kay um 303: {NW} Interviewer: say if you were very tired you'd say I think I'll go 303: and lay down Interviewer: okay you say he was really sick he just what in bed all day he just 303: he he's very sick Interviewer: yeah 303: and he laid down Interviewer: okay talk about things that you see in your sleep you'd say this is what I 303: dreamed of Interviewer: okay but often when I go to sleep I 303: dreamed of something Interviewer: okay but I usually can't remember what I have 303: some times dream Interviewer: okay I usually can't remember what I have 303: #1 seen # Interviewer: #2 or # or what I have 303: seen Interviewer: or dr- what I have dr- 303: dreamt of Interviewer: okay you said I dreamed I was falling but just when I was fixing to hit the ground I 303: {X} awake Interviewer: uh-huh 303: it it it {X} awake Interviewer: okay um 303: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 okay if you bring it # huh? 303: oh I was fixing to say uh uh I won't say it that's alright uh Interviewer: but what 303: I can't say the other part Interviewer: what were you- 303: the other part I can't say it that's far as I can go at this time Interviewer: okay um say if you bring your foot down heavy on the floor you say you what the floor 303: made a pattern Interviewer: yeah or now you bring your foot down heavy you 303: oh flat on the floor Interviewer: uh-huh would you say you sto- 303: stomp the floor Interviewer: okay um if a boy saw a girl at church and wanted to go home with her he would ask her may I- what you home 303: Can I help you coming? Interviewer: okay may I 303: walk you home Interviewer: Okay what if he had a car? 303: oh he can uh drive you home Interviewer: okay um to get something to come towards you you take hold of it and 303: oh uh you got me stumped on that Interviewer: okay um take hold of this and 303: pull? Interviewer: and the other word would be? 303: {D: pull} Interviewer: and if I wanted it away from me I'd 303: push it Interviewer: okay um say you had a sack of groceries and didn't have your car you'd say I just picked up the groceries and I 303: um in my arms Interviewer: And I what 303: walked away Interviewer: okay would you say you might say I carried 'em 303: #1 or # Interviewer: #2 I # 303: carried it #1 or # Interviewer: #2 I- I- # 303: I towed it Interviewer: okay um you might tell a child now that stove is really hot so 303: if that stove is hot now watch you might get burned Interviewer: yeah or don't don't you 303: play around the stove Interviewer: you you tell him don't don't you 303: touch that stuff Interviewer: okay um say if you if you needed a hammer you might tell someone go what me the hammer go 303: hammer Interviewer: yeah go in there and 303: get me a hammer Interviewer: okay um you know playing hide and seek children have maybe a a tree that they can touch and be safe 303: yeah Interviewer: they'd call that the 303: the base Interviewer: okay um what about in football the things that they run toward they call those the 303: the basket Interviewer: okay but football 303: oh Interviewer: the go- 303: I don't know much about that I couldn't tell you Interviewer: okay um you throw a ball and ask somebody to 303: catch it Interviewer: okay so you say I threw the ball and he 303: he caught it Interviewer: okay you say I've been fishing all day but I still haven't 303: haven't caught none Interviewer: okay you say there's no need for you to hurry I'll wait I'll wait 303: no matter {NS} {X} Interviewer: okay you say there's no need for you to hurry if I get there first I'll I'll wait 303: I'll wait for you Interviewer: okay um say if you were about to fire a man that was working for you cuz he hasn't done much work he might say um well don't fire me just give me another 303: another chance Interviewer: okay and if a man was in a real good mood you'd say that he was in a very good 303: uh that's the best I have Interviewer: okay he's in a very good 303: mood Interviewer: okay um you say well we've got termites but I'm sure they exterminating company will get 303: will get to it Interviewer: or will get what of them will get 303: uh spray 'em out Interviewer: #1 yeah # 303: #2 uh # Interviewer: and get get sh- 303: #1 get shed of 'em # Interviewer: #2 shed # or get rid of 'em 303: or get rid of 'em Interviewer: okay um say if a boy left his left his pencil on the desk and came back and didn't find it there he'd ask I bet you say I bet somebody 303: {NW} took it or stole it Interviewer: okay any other word you might use? 303: s- somebody else might have borrowed it Interviewer: okay um {NS} you say I'd forgotten about that but now I 303: {NW} I thought of it Interviewer: okay um you'd say um I had just what him a letter 303: I had just got a letter from uh my sister Interviewer: okay she she what me a letter she 303: she used a well Interviewer: uh-huh say I had just what 303: received the letter from Interviewer: okay um you say tomorrow I'll what her a letter 303: I'll {D: pencil} her a letter Interviewer: okay or okay what about write a letter? 303: or either write her a letter Interviewer: okay you say I have just what her a letter I've just 303: I've just wroten her a letter Interviewer: okay and you say um yester- yesterday I what her a letter 303: yesterday I I don't think I remember today Interviewer: okay you say she what me a letter 303: sh- she mailed me a letter Interviewer: okay what about using the word write she 303: she wrote me a letter I wrote her I write me a letter Interviewer: okay you say um I wrote here and it's time I was getting a 303: getting {X} Interviewer: getting a you said I expect to get a 303: a an answer Interviewer: okay you put the letter in the envelope then you take out your pen and you what a letter 303: seal the letter Interviewer: okay and then when you write her yo- you take out the put the letter in the envelope then you seal the envelope then you turn the envelope over and you what 303: stamp Interviewer: okay or you you say you back the letter 303: I back the letter Interviewer: okay is there any other word people might use for that? 303: {NW} yes there's another one but I'm stumped on it Interviewer: okay you say um I was gonna write her but I didn't know her 303: her address Interviewer: okay would you talk about then you'd put the letter in the envelope and you would 303: seal it up Interviewer: do you say you address it or address it or 303: I address it I reckon {NS} Interviewer: okay um if a child had just learned something new um say he learned to whistle you want to know where he learned it you'd ask him who 303: he said I learned from my friends sch- school Interviewer: okay um or you might ask him though who what you that who 303: who who what Interviewer: who was it that 303: it it uh learned you Interviewer: okay um what'll a child what does a child call another child that's always running and telling on them 303: {NW} when I telling on uh Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} you call a child like that a 303: child uh you got me blocked on that Interviewer: yeah say um say there's a group of children and there's always one child that will go tell on the others 303: yeah Interviewer: they call him a 303: tattler Interviewer: okay do you use that word about adults? 303: no Interviewer: uh-huh would you say that grown-ups are tattlers 303: yes Interviewer: okay say if you were to brighten up your room for a party you got out to the garden and 303: get some flowers Interviewer: okay um something that a child plays with you'd call that a 303: toy Interviewer: okay um what about play pretty? 303: uh play pretty of all types {NW} a play pretty {X} {NS} {D: and I} came down right over there Interviewer: mm-kay say something you didn't expect for something bad to happen like say a child was walking along the top of a fence and you expected him to fall off 303: mm Interviewer: and you'd been telling people he was gonna fall off 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: and um and someone came in and told you that he had fallen off you'd say I just 303: I just remind him of that I've told him Interviewer: uh-huh or I just would you say I just knowed? 303: I just knowed he it would happen thataway Interviewer: okay you say that's the book that you what me for Christmas? 303: oh you got me posed on that Interviewer: okay what do you do at Christmas? 303: well {D: you go to} plays p- lights Interviewer: uh-huh 303: trees Interviewer: do you have presents? 303: n- and presents {D: it's a big deal} Interviewer: to be what? 303: present be given out Interviewer: uh-huh okay so you say that's the present that you what me for Christmas? th- that you 303: that you bought me for for Christmas Interviewer: and then you what it to me then you 303: I received it Interviewer: uh-huh because you what it to me for Christmas 303: because you sent it to me or brought it to me or gave it to me Interviewer: okay um you say I'm glad I carry my umbrella because we hadn't gone half a block when it what to rain 303: rain Interviewer: when it {NS} 303: when it let's see I believe I'm blocked on that Interviewer: okay say um you say I'm glad I carried my umbrella 303: um Interviewer: cuz we hadn't gone half a block when it 303: started to rain Interviewer: okay um or another word you might use for that you'd say um when it the 303: {NW} Interviewer: when it be- 303: begin to rain Interviewer: okay and you asked someone what time does the movie 303: that starts at eight o'clock Interviewer: okay what it what time does the movie beg- begi- 303: {NW} {NW} it begins at eight o'clock the movie Interviewer: okay or you might say well it must've already 303: been over Interviewer: or it must've already be- 303: begun Interviewer: okay um you say horses gallop but people 303: uh horses gallop but people walk Interviewer: or faster than that they? you say go real fast they 303: fast Interviewer: the ru- 303: run fast Interviewer: okay you say I was feeling so good that I what all the way home 303: {X} Interviewer: using the word run you say I 303: run Interviewer: I was feeling so good that I 303: run I reckon what it is Interviewer: okay you say they have what a mile every day this week 303: uh I've got to skip that I can't answer that Interviewer: okay if you didn't know where a man was born you might ask where does he 303: where were you born at Interviewer: oh or where does he what from 303: where do he live? or where did he come from Interviewer: okay and you say he what in on the train last night he 303: he come up on the train last night Interviewer: okay you say he has what to this town 303: he's a stranger in this town Interviewer: or he has he has just what in this town 303: just uh Interviewer: he has what through this trow- town on the train he has 303: he has came to this town Interviewer: okay you okay tell about the word see you would say I what her outside a few minutes ago 303: {NW} {NW} I can't unravel that {D: think there was} sunshine Interviewer: uh-huh using the word see 303: see Interviewer: uh-huh you would say I 303: seen the sunshine Interviewer: okay um now you say I hope to what you again soon I hope to 303: I hope to see Interviewer: okay 303: better Interviewer: um you say we have what so little of you this year we have {NS} 303: {NW} Interviewer: using the word see say we have 303: seen a lot this year Interviewer: okay you say you can't get in through there because the {D: holiday part was got} their machines out and the road's all all tor- 303: tore up Interviewer: okay um you get somebody a bracelet and you wanna see how it looks on her so you tell her well why don't you just go ahead and 303: and wear it Interviewer: or what it on go ahead and 303: put it on Interviewer: okay and tell me about the word do you'd say yesterday my sister what that 303: my sister come to see me yesterday #1 or something like that # Interviewer: #2 okay # using the word do you might ask someone can you what that can you 303: Can you do this? Interviewer: and say um yesterday my sister {NS} what that 303: {D: she didn't} {D: say nothing} Interviewer: or you say can you do that and you say um my sister what that yesterday my sister 303: uh you got me puzzled Interviewer: okay and you might say sure someone asks you can you do that and you say sure I what that all my life 303: {X} that's what you'd say I reckon Interviewer: you'd say what? sure I 303: sure I can do it Interviewer: or I have 303: done that before Interviewer: okay and you say can your sister do that and you say she 303: no she can't do it Interviewer: okay um okay you might say um I don't smoke but he I don't smoke cigars but he 303: bu- but my my father did Interviewer: okay um say I might ask you what's new and you might just shrug your shoulders and shake your head and say oh 303: uh I know what's what's anything new Interviewer: okay um say that if we were just sitting here and neither one of us was saying anything and all of a sudden I ask what did you say you might say well I didn't say 303: I didn't say nothing Interviewer: okay now say oh I thought you said 303: something Interviewer: okay um say if I ask you how long you've lived here you might say well I what lived here 303: two or three years Interviewer: or I've al- 303: huh? Interviewer: you say I've lived here all my life 303: #1 oh yeah # Interviewer: #2 I've I've # 303: I've lived here all my life Interviewer: or I've al- 303: always Interviewer: okay 303: {D: my daughter} Interviewer: what? 303: Are you {D: the dog?} I I can't just word I can't explain Interviewer: what what's that word again? 303: oh uh it's just it means oh uh this is the only place I {D: in the future that} I like to live Interviewer: uh-huh 303: but see it's uh word that I can't speak it out Interviewer: what's what was that word again though? al- 303: {X} yeah Interviewer: uh-huh 303: they'd always {X} yeah that's what Interviewer: uh-huh 303: what it mean but I didn't exactly explain it right how it oughta be just {X} Interviewer: okay um you said well I've been living here ever what I got married ever 303: ever since I got married Interviewer: okay you say um now that wasn't an accident he did that he meant to do that he did it 303: by accident Interviewer: no say it wasn't an accident 303: it wasn't an accident Interviewer: or if it wasn't an accident you'd say he did it 303: on purpose Interviewer: okay um you'd said say um there's something that say well I think this is what happened but I'm not 303: sure Interviewer: okay um you say well I don't know that would you say I don't know that for sure 303: I don't know it for sure Interviewer: or would you s- okay or w- now does this which sounds right to you to say um I'm not sure or I'm not for sure how do you 303: I'm not for sure Interviewer: does that sound okay? 303: certainly {D: maybe} Interviewer: okay um say you had a question you'd say Well I don't know the answer to your question you'd better go what somebody else 303: you'd better go ask somebody else Interviewer: okay {X} So I went and what him? 303: I went and asked him Interviewer: and you say well he's already what me that 303: no Interviewer: you've already 303: I'm stumped right there Interviewer: Or say you're the second person who's 303: that asked me that Interviewer: okay um you say children those little boys like to what each other like to 303: might hurt one another Interviewer: or they like to 303: they like to play with one another Interviewer: or like to fi- 303: they like to fight Interviewer: okay you say every time they left they 303: you always gotta fight Interviewer: or they 303: uh Interviewer: okay you say they have what ever since they were small 303: they have done that Interviewer: they 303: ever since they was children Interviewer: they've done what they've 303: {X} {D: not fighting} Interviewer: okay say if you say he 303: he Interviewer: what her with a big knife he 303: he {NS} s- {D: swarted her} with a big knife Interviewer: {X} {NW} 303: {X} Interviewer: or stu- 303: or stuck her Interviewer: What about {D: stabbed or stomped} 303: uh {D: stomp} {X} {D: stabbed} {NS} st- stabs {X} Interviewer: {D: stabs seems more} {NS} 303: startled Interviewer: you say then he what {D: out the blade} then he 303: sta- sta- Interviewer: using the word draw then he 303: and then he drawed it out Interviewer: You were gonna lift something heavy like a piece of machinery up on a roof you might use pulley blocks and a rope to 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: what it up 303: you pull it or draw it out Interviewer: okay but use the word hoist or hoist? {C: pronunciation} {NS} up on the roof 303: #1 hoist # Interviewer: #2 # 303: #1 {NS} # Interviewer: #2 you might use pull it # 303: #1 # Interviewer: #2 or # 303: #1 hors- # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 303: #1 hoist it # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 303: #1 {NS} # Interviewer: #2 {D: what in a} # Which word sounds more familiar? 303: hoist {C: pronunciation} Interviewer: okay um okay Could you start counting slowly? {NS} {NW} Could you start counting? okay 303: slow {NS} {D: a woman} Interviewer: {D: the other way} 303: {D: I reckon} Is that what you want? Interviewer: Yeah start counting 303: one two {D: slow} Interviewer: yeah 303: three four by one? #1 five # Interviewer: #2 yes # 303: six alright seven eight that what you want? nine ten eleven {C: tape error twelve {NS} thirteen {NS} fourteen Interviewer: okay and the number after nineteen is? 303: {X} twenty Interviewer: and the number after twenty? uh twenty-six is {X} 303: twenty-seven Interviewer: and after twenty-nine? {NS} 303: thirty Interviewer: and after thirty-nine {NS} 303: forty Interviewer: and after sixty-nine is {NS} 303: seventy Interviewer: and after ninety-nine {NS} 303: hundred {NS} Interviewer: and then after nine hundred and ninety-nine 303: I'm getting lost now {NS} Interviewer: How much {X} How much m- money did you say 303: hundred Interviewer: say {NS} was stolen from you is it something like seven hundred and fifty dollars? 303: seven hundred and fifty dollars Interviewer: but that was nearer if it had been two hundred fifty more dollars you would have {C: tape error} {NS} 303: one thousand{C: tape error} Interviewer: um {C: tape error} and if you were real rich {C: tape error} you might say that you have {C: tape error} one {C: tape error} {NS} {C: tape error} what dollars {C: tape error} one {C: tape error} 303: one million {C: tape error} Interviewer: okay {C: tape error} um {C: tape error} now suppose you had a {C: tape error} {NS} {C: tape error} a line of men {C: tape error} and {C: tape error} standing somewhere {C: tape error} all lined up {C: tape error} 303: mm {C: tape error} Interviewer: Say there were eleven men in the line {C: tape error} the man at the back of the line would be the eleventh {C: tape error} {NS} {C: tape error} okay the man at the {C: tape error} {D: line of the line} {C: tape error} would be the {C: tape error} {NS} {C: tape error} not the eleventh {C: tape error} he'd be the {C: tape error} 303: twelfth{C: tape error} Interviewer: but he'd be {C: tape error} number one {C: tape error} he'd be the {C: tape error} 303: number uh {C: tape error} {X} {C: tape error} Interviewer: okay um {C: tape error} okay the man in front of the eleventh man would be {C: tape error} 303: twelfth {C: tape error} Interviewer: okay but he'd be number what? he'd be the 303: {NS} the man in the front {C: tape error} Interviewer: okay what {C: tape error} suppose you go to school {C: tape error} t- {C: tape error} um {C: tape error} {C: tape error} the grade that you go into {C: tape error} {C: tape error} from kindergarten is the {C: tape error} {C: tape error} which grade?{C: tape error} 303: uh {C: overlap with tapeover} {NS} first grade {C: tape error} Interviewer: okay then you go into the {C: tape error} 303: second {C: tape error} Interviewer: okay keep going second and 303: third Interviewer: good keep going 303: fourth fifth sixth seventh and the eighth Interviewer: okay {C: tape error} what would you go to after that? {C: tape error} {C: tape error} 303: {C: tape error} {D: college} Interviewer: okay or that would be the 303: ninth okay keep going {NS} tenth Interviewer: okay um {X} {NS} say sometimes you feel your good luck comes just a little at a time {X} {C: overlap with tapeover} 303: {NS} all the time {C: tape error} Interviewer: or all {NS} all 303: {D: all but} one Interviewer: okay If you said something {D: two terms} {C: overlap with tapeover} 303: twice {C: tape error} Interviewer: okay {C: tape error} and would you name the months of the year? {C: tape error} {NS} {NS} 303: the months of the year Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 303: I don't know exactly {D: what} what you mean Interviewer: okay what month is the {C: tape error} alright {C: tape error} just okay{C: tape error} s- you start off Jan- 303: January you're starting with January Interviewer: okay and keep going 303: February March April {X} {C: tape error} May{C: tape error} {NS}{C: tape error} June {C: tape error} July{C: tape error} August{C: tape error} September{C: tape error} October{C: tape error} November{C: tape error} December{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay {C: tape error} And the days of the week? {C: tape error} {NS} {C: tape error} 303: Monday {C: tape error} {NS} {C: tape error} Sunday- Monday {C: tape error} {NS} {C: tape error} Tuesday {C: tape error} Wednesday {C: tape error} Thursday {C: tape error} Friday {C: tape error} Saturday {C: tape error} Sunday {C: tape error} Interviewer: mm-kay {C: tape error} What does Sabbath mean? {C: tape error} {NS} {C: tape error} 303: that means {C: tape error} {D: Sabbath's the name of it} {C: tape error} Interviewer: mm-hmm {C: tape error} 303: {NS} {C: tape error} it's the day {C: tape error} {C: tape error} the day that Christ raised the earth up {C: tape error} Interviewer: mm-kay {C: tape error} um {C: tape error} when you meet someone during the early part of the day {C: tape error} {C: tape error} What do you say as a greeting? {C: tape error} {C: tape error} 303: uh {C: tape error} {NS} {C: tape error} good evening or good morning {C: tape error} Interviewer: okay what {C: tape error} What's it mean when you say good evening? {C: tape error} 303: {X}{C: tape error} Interviewer: um{C: tape error} {NS} {C: tape error} Do you ever say good day to people? {C: tape error} 303: uh{C: tape error} yes ma'am{C: tape error} {X}{C: tape error} good day{C: tape error} Interviewer: When do you say that?{C: tape error} 303: uh that's uh{C: tape error} {NS}{C: tape error} during the day{C: tape error} Interviewer: you say it when you meet them or when you're leaving? {NS}{C: tape error} 303: uh{C: tape error} {NS}{C: tape error} I saying when I'm leaving{C: tape error} {NS}{C: tape error} good day to you{C: tape error} {NW} Interviewer: okay{C: tape error} um{C: tape error} {NS} What do you say when you're saying goodbye when you're leaving someone's house at night {NS}{C: tape error} 303: well{C: tape error} good day to you good good evening to y'all Interviewer: mm-kay {NS} is that what you say at night?{C: tape error} 303: yes ma'am{C: tape error} {D: that's night} Interviewer: okay 303: {X} {D: either} {X} night {NS} if it is night {D: course you would be night} {NS}{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay um {NS} If you had to start work before daylight you'd say we started to work before 303: before daylight Interviewer: but before su- 303: before sunrise Interviewer: okay and we worked until 303: eight o'clock that night Interviewer: or 'til sun-{C: tape error} 303: or 'til the {C: tape error} sunrise{C: tape error} Interviewer: huh? 303: or you work 'til the sunrise Interviewer: and what was his{C: tape error} he worked until the sun{C: tape error} 303: rise {C: tape error} Interviewer: what's {C: tape error} what do you mean huh? {C: tape error} 303: that means {C: tape error} that I I I worked {C: tape error} {NS} {C: tape error} that night {C: tape error} until the sun rose the next morning {C: tape error} Interviewer: okay so sunrise and sunup are the same thing? {NS} 303: sunrise and sunup means Interviewer: okay um you say {NS} um {NS} we were a littler late because when we got out in the field the sun had already 303: got hot Interviewer: but the sun had already 303: already been up Interviewer: okay but using the word rise you'd say the sun had already {NS} 303: risen {C: tape error} {NS} Interviewer: um you say this morning I saw the sun {C: tape error} 303: coming up {C: tape error} Interviewer: okay {C: tape error} {NS} {C: tape error} say {C: tape error} if you worked until the sun went out of sight {C: tape error} you'd say we worked until {C: tape error} 303: sundown {C: tape error} Interviewer: okay {C: tape error} {NS}{C: tape error} um{C: tape error} {NS}{C: tape error} you say{C: tape error} Thursday's today{C: tape error} so Wednesday was{C: tape error} {NS}{C: tape error} 303: Thurs- day when {D: would be what} Interviewer: Wednesday was {NS}{C: tape error} 303: it would be {X} {X} {D: can't unravel that} Interviewer: okay um you say um {NS}{C: tape error} um I came over here when when was I over here last {NS} 303: uh you say I was over here last Friday Interviewer: okay or when when was I over here last {NS} I was over here when {NS} {NW} 303: {X} Interviewer: okay you say {NS} said Thursday's today 303: yeah Interviewer: Wednesday wasn't today Wednesday was 303: was yester- day Interviewer: okay and Friday will be {NS} 303: the next day{C: tape error} Interviewer: {C: tape error}what day? 303: {D: uh Tuesday} uh {C: tape error} uh tomorrow {C: tape error} Interviewer: okay if somebody came here on Sunday {NS} okay say the last Sunday that- not the last Sunday you came here a week earlier than last Sunday you'd say he came here 303: the week before last Interviewer: okay{C: tape error} um{C: tape error} {NS}{C: tape error} okay if someone's gonna leave here{C: tape error} {C: tape error} a week beyond {C: tape error} next Sunday{C: tape error} you'd say he was gonna leave here{C: tape error} {NS}{C: tape error} 303: next Sunday Interviewer: uh no not next Sunday a week beyond that {C: tape error} the Sunday after that{C: tape error} {C: tape error} 303: I don't wanna tell it{C: tape error} but I can't recall it{C: tape error} Interviewer: do you use the expression Sunday week or{C: tape error} 303: Sunday week{C: tape error} Interviewer: yeah what does that mean?{C: tape error} 303: that's mean the week beyond next next Sunday{C: tape error} Interviewer: a week ago next Sunday? a it's in the future {NS}{C: tape error} 303: {X}{C: tape error} Interviewer: whe-{C: tape error} when is Sunday week?{C: tape error} 303: that's {C: tape error} week after the next{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay um if someone stays from the first until the fifteenth you'd say he stayed about {C: tape error} 303: about three weeks Interviewer: okay um {NS} if you wanted to know the time of day you'd ask somebody 303: I'd ask 'em oh what time of day is it Interviewer: {NS} okay um {C: tape error} and um if you wanted to {X} see what time it was you might look at your 303: watch Interviewer: okay if it was midway between seven o'clock and eight o'clock you'd say it was{C: tape error} {NS}{C: tape error} 303: midway between what Interviewer: seven o'clock and eight o'clock {C: tape error} 303: it'd be quarter to eight I'd reckon Interviewer: okay but um {NS} it's not a quarter 'til eight it's um it's just ha- 303: half Interviewer: half what 303: half past {NS}{C: tape error} seven Interviewer: okay{C: tape error} {NS}{C: tape error} um {C: tape error} you've been doing something for a long time {C: tape error} you might say {C: tape error} I've been doing that for quite a {C: tape error} 303: while{C: tape error} {NS}{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay you might say nineteen seventy-two was last year nineteen seventy-three is {NS}{C: tape error} 303: is this year Interviewer: okay if a child has his third birthday{C: tape error} you say that he was {C: tape error} 303: three years old{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay{C: tape error} and something happened on this date last year{C: tape error} you'd say happiest {X}{C: tape error} {NS}{C: tape error} 303: {NW}{C: tape error} {D: ten times a day}{C: tape error} {NS}{C: tape error} {X}{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay and it happened exactly how long ago 303: year ago{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay you look up at the sky and say I don't the looks of those black 303: clouds{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay and on a day where the sun shines how would you describe a day like this? 303: pleasant{C: tape error} Interviewer: mm-kay any other words? 303: beautiful{C: tape error} day{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay and on a day when it's the sky is covered with clouds and {NS} 303: {NW} call that a {NS} gloomy day{NS} cloudy{NS} or a cloudy day {NS} Interviewer: you call that a 303: gloomy day Interviewer: okay and if it had been fair and then clouds come in you expect it to rain or snow 303: mm Interviewer: real soon you'd say that 303: {X}{NS} looks like {NS} {D: snowing}{NS} Interviewer: okay or that the weather was 303: {NS} was unfair{C: tape error} {NS} Interviewer: unfair? {NS} 303: mm unfair{C: tape error} Interviewer: What do you mean unfair? 303: Why{C: tape error} {X}{C: tape error} {D: looks like snow}{C: tape error} more snow or rain{C: tape error} and uh{C: tape error} turning cold{C: tape error} Interviewer: mm-kay um and if it had been cloudy did the clouds go away? sun comes out you say it looks like it's gonna 303: fair{C: tape error} it won't snow or rain{C: tape error} Interviewer: and um and uh What do you call a heavy rain that lasts just a little while? 303: call it a shower{C: tape error} a big shower{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay if it's real heavy 303: call that a {NS} a water spout Interviewer: What do you call a water spout that lasts just a little while? what's 303: water {X} be a cloud burst Interviewer: okay {C: tape error} 303: and uh when it rains {D: ahead of it} all at once we call it a water spout some would call it a {C: tape error} a cloud burst water {NS} Interviewer: Have you ever heard {X} that has um thunder and lightning in it? 303: {NW} why I call that a {NS}{C: tape error} uh{C: tape error} {NS} I can't recall what {C: tape error} I know what it is but I can't recall it{C: tape error} Interviewer: Would you call it a storm or a 303: Storm{C: tape error} storm or either{C: tape error} {NS} uh heavy wind or either tornado {NS} or either cyclone{C: tape error} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} okay say all night long the wind 303: blowed Interviewer: okay um you say {NS} um that was pretty bad last night but the wind has what even harder than that before the wind has 303: ceased{C: tape error} Interviewer: or the wind has 303: has blowed hard{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay um you say it started to rain and the wind began to 303: pick up Interviewer: or the wind began to 303: blow{C: tape error} {C: tape error} Interviewer: okay um {NS} and um okay you say the wind began to pick up 303: oh Interviewer: {D: their budgets} it's just the opposite the wind was getting weaker 303: we call those ceasting Interviewer: okay um and on a day in the Fall when you first go outdoors its it's kind of cold but not real cold you'd say that it was 303: #1 get- # Interviewer: #2 get- # 303: getting mighty chilly Interviewer: okay um what do you call a okay um what do you call a a wind from this direction 303: South{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay you say the wind is 303: in the south Interviewer: okay um and wind halfway between south and west you'd call a 303: Southwest{C: tape error} you'd call it a {C: tape error} Southwest wind or{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay What about halfway between south and east? 303: it's called a{C: tape error} {X}{C: tape error} {NS}{C: tape error} East{C: tape error} east-south wind{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay what about halfway between east and north? 303: {NW} call it a northeast wind {C: tape error} Interviewer: okay and between west and north 303: the west north wind{C: tape error} the west-north wind Interviewer: okay if it had been raining but not raining very hard you'd say that you you just had a 303: shower Interviewer: okay what about even less than that 303: had sprinkled{NW} Interviewer: okay what about even less with real fine drops coming down 303: {NW} sort of a{C: tape error} a sizzle{C: tape error} Interviewer: a sizzle? 303: a sizzle{C: tape error} of rain{C: tape error} Interviewer: mm-kay um what if you go outside and you can't even see across the street you'd say that you have 303: mighty{C: tape error} foggy this morning Interviewer: okay what did you have? there was a big 303: fog{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay um if no rain comes for weeks and weeks you say you're having a 303: dry spell Interviewer: {NS} okay or another word for that? a a dro- 303: uh {D: I know what it be called} {NS} drought{C: tape error} {NS} drought{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay um if it was cold enough to kill the tomatoes and flowers you'd say last night we had a 303: frost Interviewer: okay um and you say or last night the lake 303: froze over{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay and you say it had already before I got there it had already 303: froze{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay and you say if it gets much colder the lake might 303: freeze over Interviewer: okay um how about how high the roofs are you'd say this roof is about 303: uh I don't know exactly{C: tape error} Interviewer: say about ten 303: ten to twelve{C: tape error} {C: tape error} twelve or sixteen{C: tape error} Interviewer: or how how the heighth of it you'd say it's about ten 303: mm about ten Interviewer: ten what? 303: uh ten{C: tape error} ten feet{C: tape error} {NS} Interviewer: okay um what do you call the room like this where you have chairs and where the company would sit and so forth 303: we call that the si-{C: tape error} sitting room{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay um say if you're say well you can give him his choice of these two things but you don't tell him that he what care which one you think you give him that he just 303: uh {NW} {X} {NS} {X} Interviewer: say you give him a choice of two things it doesn't make any difference to him you say that he's 303: he's uh he's {X} {X} {X} {X} Interviewer: okay but yous- he'll tell you he care which one you give him 303: well then I'd say{C: tape error} well it don't make no difference to me if you want that {X} Interviewer: okay um you say it doesn't make any difference to me I'll take 303: {D: take this one} Interviewer: or I- I'll take one I'll take 303: the the one to {C: tape error} started with{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay someone says do you want this one or that one and you say oh just give me 303: this one Interviewer: okay I'll take 303: take that{C: tape error} Interviewer: okay um say if someone gives you a both things are are bad you say oh I don't want {D: them back} oh would you say I don't want either one or either one {C: pronunciation} 303: I don't want either one Interviewer: okay {NS} Interviewer: {NS} {NW} Okay um your full name 303: Mr. {B} Interviewer: How do you spell that last name {B} 303: {B} S-P-R-L-I-N-D #1 Sprlind # Interviewer: #2 Okay # um and your address? 303: {B} {B} {NS} {B} Interviewer: and {NS} Um this county 303: yes Interviewer: okay they're the same? 303: yes state Interviewer: uh-huh cause 303: {D: Wilkie} {NW} Interviewer: okay um #1 and um # 303: #2 wh- # Interviewer: huh? 303: of water Interviewer: Okay and where were you born again? 303: I was born in in Wilson-Portervilleson County on the line called {D: barrack} base white people black back in the hall Interviewer: uh-huh 303: six may often speak Interviewer: The trials were where? 303: Statesville S-T-A- Interviewer: Yeah Statesville 303: Statesville Interviewer: Okay and what did you say that was called the-? 303: the {D:barrack hall} Interviewer: the bear? 303: {D: holler} Interviewer: uh-huh 303: the barrack back in the corner back in that at that time Interviewer: uh-huh 303: like the {NS} Interviewer: mm-kay and How old are you? 303: I'm coming {D:I'm sixty-nine} hmm seventy-eight or am I eighty? seventy-nine Interviewer: mm-kay and what work have you done? 303: I farm most of the time Interviewer: mm-hmm anything else? 303: well I raise corn and {D: care 'em} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 303: and hogs Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: turkeys bunch of turkeys Interviewer: okay 303: about th- thirty or forty is the turkeys and about a hundred chicken Interviewer: uh-huh okay um What church do you go to? 303: mm what church? Baptist Interviewer: okay and um How far did you get in school? 303: well just tell you the truth I just went three days through my life I can read a little and write a little and figure a little three days {D: he was going} {NS} on on helped helped him {X} a pretty good family Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and I hard out at at uh twenty-five cents a week Interviewer: yeah 303: that's when I hard out for Interviewer: yeah it's just for people just for people around this county? 303: um no and Statesville Interviewer: Statesville? 303: who I hard out at Interviewer: uh-huh 303: I was living there then Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: I done list the very place {NS} and uh help us work the little children's homes about ten of us Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and uh then at the gr- grown {D: Thomas} working Mr. J-J Joe a white person another one uh {X} and a quarter a day when I was ten {X} gonna live a little 'til I got a little older {X} a little {X} more at dinner Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and that's anything else Interviewer: You stopped around his farm? 303: I did Interviewer: You used to help him around his farm? 303: yes ma'am yes ma'am I helped him way h- he raised corn Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: hogs and cattle but I just gonna {D: sharecrop} work there ten to they wouldn't mind that time Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: {X} when I bought the neighbor buying their farm while the I guess you got that first uh that damn thingy Interviewer: mm-hmm yeah it's down I don't have to write all this down 303: oh alright then Interviewer: um {NS} okay so tell me {NS} about um {NS} see have you ever been active in church or active in any clubs or done like travel 303: no I have not done too much traveling I've been out of state two or three times down in the little North Kentucky Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and uh uh I call it North {NS} for the in-house state Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} okay and um {NS} 303: I worked in the coal mine four years in Kentucky {D: Irvington} Kentucky I worked there four years under the ground {D: I worked} nine miles under the ground I got started {D: but then I got scared} I quit Interviewer: mm-hmm How old were you then? 303: I was about twenty-five year old Interviewer: mm-hmm Where in Kentucky was that? 303: {D: Irvington} Kentucky Interviewer: Ir- 303: {D: Irvington} Kentucky {D: Irving-} {NS} Interviewer: okay um Tell me a little about your parents Where were they born in? 303: well my wife oh you you talking about my parents now uh Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: my parents I was born in uh {NS} not Smithville but down towards Smithville I would say what do they call it {NS} my mother was b- born in Statesville of course she was born and my daddy was born in a different place {NW} I can't even think of the place where he was born Interviewer: Where was it close to? 303: it was close to uh {D: Smack Mound} Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: no I I'll tell you about where he was born the place be called Let's see what is it not Woodbury uh I can't think of it right now {NW} {X} It's this side of {D: Micmineral} but I can't think of the place wh- what they called it Interviewer: Do you know which county it was in? 303: No Not for sure I don't know where the {X} in Bedford County and uh {NS} this side of Woodbury {D: dad had called} sm- Liberty #1 yeah Liberty # Interviewer: #2 liberty? # 303: Liberty He was born down in Liberty Interviewer: okay 303: Liberty Liberty Tennessee Interviewer: yeah and How far in school did your mother get? 303: My mother? Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: well she got in about third or fourth grade Interviewer: mm-hmm What about your father? 303: about the same thing {NS} Interviewer: mm-kay Now what work did they do? 303: Well my mother {NS} uh washed for white people and uh ironed and clean up Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and sewed for 'em sewed sewed {X} clothes made clothes for the white people colored too and {NS} Interviewer: What about your father? 303: well uh {NW} he didn't he didn't do much he he was he was a fellow wasn't afraid of nobody he Interviewer: Who wouldn't what? 303: h- he he felt he's too good to work Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and eh course he stayed at home that's why u- us children put out the work you know cooking together big and uh course he did keep the family going like you ought to Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and so I saw why he stayed and everything Interviewer: okay now now Could you tell me a little bit about your mother's parents? Where they were born What work they did and so forth 303: W- Well my mo- mother {D: turned} uh born in I believe heard they was born in Smiths- Smiths County Interviewer: mm-hmm What about her mother? 303: I think she come from same place Interviewer: okay Did they get any education? 303: why n- no the amount of anything they got hi- high as about third or fourth grade Interviewer: okay 303: ju- just three months schooling and then {NS} they uh then {X} no more so almost through was three months school Interviewer: mm-hmm or hmm? 303: huh? Interviewer: Were you gonna say something? 303: I had uh just three months school #1 when I come up # Interviewer: #2 yeah I he- # 303: that's all they had mm like {NW} {NS} they just had three months yeah we Interviewer: yeah what um what work did they do? {NS} 303: my mo- my mo- my daddy Interviewer: mm-hmm yeah or 303: or my mother? Interviewer: the the grandparents 303: oh uh Interviewer: your mother's parents 303: oh yeah well {NS} they {NS} they di- done the same thing my mother did corn and carefully did the sewing uh Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: they work for white people and uh {NS} and uh washed and ironed and cleaned up but now they wasn't smart enough to sew my mother smart enough to make anything that she wanted {NS} even down there making my shorts making my daddy shorts making pants it looked just like uh real {D: back county you done remembered} they had the what you called 'em uh jeans {NS} the old pairs of plain jeans and just a thick piece of cloth and a brown stiff Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: so like looking {D: over her} how she {X} {X} what come there around that people that know her come to her but that's all {NS} here that's my mother not me now these others washed ironed cleaned up and {NS} and uh {NS} I think that's about the end of it Interviewer: That was your grandmother? 303: yeah that's her grandm- yes Interviewer: uh-huh what about your grandfather? 303: in about the same thing and wh- when we uh ah he he had a I think he had a farm Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and he he farmed Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about your father's parents? 303: My father's parents? Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: You mean my daddy's grandpapa? well h- he he is uh Martin Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: his name is Martin Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and he owned a farm down at Liberty back up on the Sycamore Bluff Sycamore Creek Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and he farmed it there course he he raised cattle and hogs and sheep and everything together he was pretty pretty wealthy he was uh there was my daddy now uh and my grandpa Interviewer: uh-huh what about your grandmother? 303: well about the same thing does the {D: farming} washing ironing Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: cleaning up Interviewer: Where were they born? 303: {NW} Liberty Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Do you know where they came where your relatives came from before that? Can you trace it further back than- 303: no I can't {NS} I can't trace it back no further {NS} Interviewer: Were you ever married? {NS} 303: mm? {NS} Interviewer: Were you ever married? 303: I've been married {D: before} Interviewer: uh-huh 303: {NW} I- Interviewer: Tell me something about your wife. {NS} 303: my wife {NS} is uh {NS} s- s- seventy-six years old and she washed {NS} clean up paint do anything around the house a wife could Interviewer: uh-huh 303: then uh she sewed a lot {NS} {X} Interviewer: uh-huh is she she's still alive? 303: huh? Interviewer: she's still alive? {NS} 303: October {NS} October first twe- twenty first nineteen yeah seventy-three {NS} {X} Interviewer: Wait nineteen seventy-two you mean? 303: mm-hmm she's been dead about seven months Interviewer: uh-huh How old was she? 303: sixty-seven uh uh no seventy seventy-six Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 303: Yeah she was a good woman took her soul with her from black and white Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and {D: from earth she went} where where she lived she was seventy-one for be a colored woman there wasn't any other one round here in this {X} she could please anybody she was good and kind and uh I was married with her fifty-two years Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and never caught her in a in a story in my life never caught her in a stor- I no no kind Interviewer: She never went in a store? {NS} 303: huh? Interviewer: that's what What was that you said? never caught her in a? 303: I never caught her in a story #1 telling # Interviewer: #2 ah I see # 303: filth and uh it's like telling some say that one of those things right here Ms. Nelson think right you telling a lie that's what I mean by that Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and I never caught her in it in that the whole fifty- three years I was married Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 303: and she was {D: accepted} woman the white people cabled where she lived {NS} {NS} Interviewer: What church did she go to? 303: the Baptist church Interviewer: uh-huh and how far did she get in school? 303: well she got about third grade {NS} she could read and write and {NS} and spell and {NS} just out spell me and out read me she was reading and uh I can't hardly read the like of writing and reading letters Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: but she was reading the things she picked up and I guess she was third third grade {NS} and we have a daughter I've got a daughter forty forty-four years old Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 303: and uh while she was going to school up here she learned her and her arithmetic {NS} and uh and uh reading and rith- and arithmetic and uh {D: once she told me} a little bit side {X} {NS} she learned how to do math and I don't know how she do but she did Interviewer: yeah 303: now my g- daughter's in Smithsville Interviewer: uh-huh 303: she's teaching school up there now she's married {NS} she she had a {D: misfit} at seven- no {D: misfit} at {D: seven} with her and then she when she had seen {X} this {D: student} {NS} Interviewer: okay um now what's the house that that you grew up in what did that look like? 303: The house? Interviewer: Yeah I'd like to sort of make a floor plan of it 303: oh it's a a cedar house Interviewer: uh-huh 303: a- and {D: must be} one two three four rooms cedar house Interviewer: uh-huh what Let's see if- if we can draw it now what um {NS} 303: {D: it's made} Interviewer: What shapes? or 303: it is made sort of s- square shaped Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and it has a it had a kitchen Interviewer: uh-huh 303: then it had a {NS} bedroom in the back of the house Interviewer: Where where was the kitchen then? 303: Th- the kitchen was on the side of the house the back of this was the front here Interviewer: this? 303: and the this was the front and this was the back side of the house but they had another room cut off back- back of the house Interviewer: cut see just sort of 303: alright {D: oh boy} {NW} {D: one in the drawer} you know I never was much of a drawer mm-hmm {D: can't tell} {X} {NS} {X} Interviewer: That's a wall there? {NS} 303: {D: the room was} back here and uh this was the front room this was the back room Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and then uh kitchen {NS} {D: coming} back here {NS} and uh {NS} it had a door from back go in the kitchen right here went in the kitchen Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and uh the kitchen started about the middle of the door and {X} into the house here Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and the kitchen and dining room {D: are together} sorta thataway Interviewer: okay 303: and go straight in there {NS} Interviewer: let's see um it came out then like 303: yes ma'am that's right Interviewer: like this? 303: that is the kitchen is big enough for to have cooking this end of it stove is back in that vicinity Interviewer: {X} 303: and the door come in through this m- main room here into the kitchen {NS} Interviewer: okay um this was the front room this- 303: uh yes Interviewer: #1 back room? # 303: #2 back room # Interviewer: What was this? the kitchen and then Was there another room? 303: {X} {D: four?} Interviewer: No this is just three 303: Let's see Interviewer: Was there a wall here? 303: No let's see main room the back room and the kitchen and the dining room there was a d- {X} dining room {X} dining room there back there behind for when we set tea Interviewer: Was this did this room #1 go all the way back to here? # 303: #2 n- n- n- # no it stopped Interviewer: uh-huh 303: fo- for guy out there stopped short he Interviewer: uh-huh 303: he big enough to for the kitchen w- {X} {D: coats} back in {X} Interviewer: uh-huh Which were these rooms all about the same size? 303: {NW} no uh the two front {D: of them} the two front {X} the front an- and the back are about the same size pretty good size Interviewer: mm-hmm and How much bigger was that than the kitchen? 303: How much bigger? #1 oh about # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 303: they was about six a- six feet anyhow six or eight feet there bigger Interviewer: Six or eight feet longer? 303: y- y- you talking about this ain't you? Interviewer: yeah for the front room? 303: {X} h- he wasn't big as it these rooms this room here these the two biggest rooms right there {NS} Interviewer: okay um {NS} had {NS} and this is the front here? where was the- where was the door? 303: right along here in the middle Interviewer: okay and it Did it lead out onto anything? 303: no uh it had a little porch over it stuck out over it about eight feet come out over the door at the back of the house Interviewer: okay and um h- How did you get heat? How did you keep the house warm? 303: well it was coal um a no it was wood {D: we never bought} no coal Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: wood barely {NS} stove in the house {D: but we opened it} {D: old} {X} go through this and open the door and go in there and open {D: it long} {X} wide open that door and then when we get ready to go to bed it get hot in there Interviewer: wh- where would you go to bed? 303: What was you saying? Interviewer: Where- Where would you sleep? 303: We slept in here had two beds one on this side of the corner one on the other side of the corner two big beds in there pretty good size for the house Interviewer: So what what would you call this room? 303: Well I call it the bedroom {NS} Interviewer: okay {NS} and you say it had ten? How many children in the house? 303: There was ten children Interviewer: ten children okay um {NS} okay now talk to me about um {NS} you had a fireplace? 303: yes ma'am {D: I like} {X} that's old time Interviewer: yes 303: yeah we had a fireplace {D: we smoke its} {X} and always {X} didn't have to have that no spit cups no nothing and {D: going} burn up a rag or something just put it in the fireplace Interviewer: yeah 303: {NW} we use it to uh {X} for a few years and about thirty years Interviewer: uh-huh 303: yeah {D: put that in} in the hole yeah put that in {D: went the} burn it in the stove Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: a coal stove and a wood stove Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and and go back to the fireplace for more {NS} fireplace {X} now Interviewer: yeah 303: um but but now I what they call uh {NW} call it uh he hadn't we burned coal in a {D: basket} {X} what they call that {NS} the white people started that first Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and the darks they took it the I've got one of them down there in my shop now It's a little basket about like it could fit fit in a chimney to the back side {NS} and then uh {X} {X} corn and make your farm {X} and you put about {X} on it and {X} coal or wood because the house was built pretty tight to keep it warm all day Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: {X} you have to build another fire Interviewer: mm-hmm on the fireplace what um What would you call the {NS} the s- shaft that would come out on the floor 303: um {X} Interviewer: um {NS} You know you might have a um {NS} um did you ever do any cooking on the fireplace? 303: yes ma'am Interviewer: how- how'd you do that? 303: well we got a skillet put 'em on the stove let 'em get hot Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: on the fireplace I meant we cooked sweet potatoes we had a old time there what the oven with a with a top on it we cooked sweet potatoes we burn up wood and uh get a lot of coal and put it out on the fireplace fireplace with rocks Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and pull 'em out there when they got hot grease it {D: tease 'em} wash 'em and grease 'em Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and put 'em in there the oven and an- an- take uh pour and I got one in there now cross that long got a crook on it this way kicking their grain bring that in and sit it on the the oven Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and uh after you do that you take your shovel and get you some {D: corn} and put on the all the way around it like that to keep it hot and not let it first place you'd put it in the fireplace lay it on top of the wood let it get hot start anyhow and what it takes so much coal out here they cook the taters and they cook taters about a hour and and fifteen minutes and if you had a kettle of taters in there about that deep Interviewer: uh-huh 303: cook 'em in there an uh hour and a half Interviewer: uh-huh what um you mentioned I think the that place on the floor 303: no it was on the you see it's got a hearth Interviewer: I see 303: and the hearth is uh about four foot or some of it is and then so you yo- you have the fireplace up here and put you oven out here on the fireplace then tin on the wood on the floor and mm yo- you cooked it some and then when you got some bread made up you have another little lid on it then and you bring it out and do it the same way uh except on the far side to get it started {X} and when the gauge put your coal out here on the hearth and call it a hearth that's the name of it and when you put your coal out there and then put your skillet down on it Interviewer: uh-huh 303: then you had your bread made up made in {X} if you want to a little round {X} just like cooking you've seen 'em I imagine and you put 'em in there one two three if uh if it wasn't wide enough to hold but three Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: that's all you'd put in it and uh you get back over there and get you take you pour Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: uh call it the oven pour and uh he's sitting on the you can't take it off with a rag cuz it's red hot Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: it uh reach in there and get it take it out of the fireplace put th- put the right on top of here the bread Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and then get you few more coals and put on it wander off and do something else and uh about fifty th- thirty five thirty-five minutes Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: it'd be done {NS} in about thirty-five minutes then you go back and and get you plate take it out on it and set it on the stools to keep warm when the beans cabbage and things and cook them first Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and uh after you cook the cabbage and the beans while we got your bread done you be ready for dinner Interviewer: perfect um okay if you were gonna huh? 303: oh a miss I don't say nothing Interviewer: oh if um if you were gonna build a fire you know you take some kindling and then you'd What would you call the things that you lay the wood across on? 303: dog iron Interviewer: okay 303: a dog iron I got two down here and there and some about been a good time to buy 'em Interviewer: Oh really? 303: and I woulda sell 'em dog iron uh some call it uh they have another name for it but I can't think of it Interviewer: {D: ever hear it} fire it? fire it 303: no but uh {NS} let's see {NS} dog iron and uh they had a straight iron {NS} well and a hook on it when it boiling them cabbages Interviewer: uh-huh 303: yo- {NW} had your fire down here Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and this hook come right across the chimney Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: this this here iron with little hooks on it back there we just hang 'em on and when you get ready to cook your cabbage and beans in the thing uh you get 'em ready and wash 'em and clean 'em and put it on that hook and let it hang there Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and that fire would cook the cabbage if you had two pots you'd put another hook on it and then if you had three pots you'd put another hook on it {D: so it's about} some some {X} about like {D: cats} you see why you put the Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: the pots between them but they never have that much at one time or two or three pots at a time that's cabbage up beans or a roasted chicken you boil a chicken uh boiling beans or you just put on that hook hang it over far {D: of course the beef} when you put the hook is {D: no registered cross} they're ready for that {D: visit} Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and when it got in it you could take your you had a sp- spoon there cuz {D: what time they clean the corn} other people {X} {D: bigger dipper} and just it down there take a look and see what is done uh and if it's done you put it back and uh take your hand he- Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: because that {X} turn in my hooks are loose and just take it to this the- take the whole the pot and lift it over that oven come on down {NS} eh and going that's uh in uh room at the table and uh pour it out fixed it up get your bread ready {X} ready for dinner Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: right then and if you had m- made coffee every morning for coffee then got in there and they parched their own coffee green color Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and took out some coal put it on the hearth {NS} then they'd get the skillet {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and set on there and an- and uh what is it's just like popping popcorn in a way they don't do that no more now they got the electric poppers now and uh when you let's see uh how'd that go {NS} {NS} oh yeah you just uh you just get it hot down here first Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: get it sort of started you would pick your cream and coffee out of a sack that had a dipper dip it out of the sack Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: tof- tof- {D: tofe} sack is {D: looking} {X} them what to call it now Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and dip out a cup two cups or th- or three cups if you had a big family take about two or three cups and if you had a light family well then more than about a half a cup or one cup or two and you put the tin in this just like you do with sweet potatoes oh and you and you put this here lid and get heat 'til real hot and this one don't w- want to be as hot as the {D: goblet} and then they're roasting their coffee now and you put that old {X} 'til they come in popping {NS} and they coming popping you raised up and see how it's been doing and hold that thing with a that a {D: copper} lid and stirred coffee hold so I can keep 'em from popping out just like popcorn you put popcorn in a skillet Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: now if you ain't got a lid on it it'll all pop out Interviewer: yeah 303: well that's just the way that coffee {X} it might pop out Interviewer: and you get the lid hotter than the bottom of the skillet? 303: uh- ye- yeah you've got you've got to have the lid hotter than they do the bottom bottom wants to be h- warm pretty hot but it want the top of 'em on there makes it popping and uh cook b- better in the furnace course they learned it the old people learned this what to do and that's just what they done {NS} Interviewer: okay if were building fires what type of of big piece of wood and put it at the back and have it burn for a long time 303: yeah yeah and you put a what they call it a back stick Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 303: if you want {X} didn't want to be fooling with wood all the time you cut a cut a back stick aw so long big enough to be pr- pretty {D: picked} than a twig twig except they can and lay it pull ashes back back this way toward the front Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and just have a little bed to lay it in Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: then push a- ashes back under put your front stick out here on the dog iron get your kindling put under here Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: put a match to it and you got a fire and that Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: that back log make it throw out heat that's all it's for and of course it'll burn keep i- it but that's what it's for keep from burning so much wood Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: you don't burn half as much wood that way Interviewer: Okay um What do you call the the black stuff that forms in the chimney? {NS} 303: Soot Interviewer: mm-kay and you just clean that out regularly? 303: n- never clean it out almost a year Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: you don't clean it out much 'til it's {D: straight up} but each time you set it on the {NS} on the the uh 'un- smooth rock sticks out and falls on it catches sometimes the uh hook Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: well now when it does that {NS} you get you some {NS} paper {X} {X} them and uh you put it down there in th- at the mouth of the fireplace Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: strike a match to it {NS} then uh have to strike a match to it let it get to burning pretty good then you you lay there {NS} what do they call it? {X} in the th- the {D: smothered} to make 'em whenever got to burning {D: like} make a blast Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and then {D: that} cuts off shut it all out {NS} when it done that well this board uh this is a coal {NS} chimney board {NS} {D: and then they just turn the board} over and uh when it got burned {X} and do more damage when it means a little blast when means a blast Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and when you took this down what course does this seven eight in the day and when {D: Horace} w- w- heard it and boughted it {D: Jordan} wh- it's all down hill {X} a bushel or a basket or either and of course you're gonna get your shovel shovel that {D: duck} and all that stuff that fell Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: took it out and put it in the hot {X} put it on the ground and it will {NS} get {D: shedded} {NS} Interviewer: Put it in the hopper? 303: oh no I doubt you gonna you gonna make a lot like the old people used to make a lot Interviewer: uh-huh 303: to make soap with my mother made many {X} and soap and uh you make what they called a lye soap Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: where you {X} the skin and uh {X} get or when the you ma- they had a hopper Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: you take these ashes out and put them in the hopper made up just in a {X} fashion Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and this trough run down here straight trough and the planks run that down the side of it right into middle of this trough Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and when there w- it got to running why them planks the edge there right in the trough and run right down just here run out down here put your bucket down there and catch that lye took it back into soap where your soap was where you had your fire making soap Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and put so many gallons {NS} in the {X} the amount of pounds of meat that you pu- uh grease that you put in there and uh if you if you got too much then you get another one and make good soap Interviewer: {NS} mm-hmm let's see um okay then the shelf that would go across the top of the fireplace What would you call that? 303: mantle Interviewer: mm-kay 303: the mantle Interviewer: and okay you mentioned a chimney 303: hmm? Interviewer: You mentioned a chimney? 303: Yes ma'am I think I did didn't I? Interviewer: okay um what about at a at a factory if you saw something similar to that in a factory 303: in a factory Interviewer: Uh-huh Would you call it a chimney or would you use a different name? 303: Well I think I'd use a different name because it's uh {D: rights} more different Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and the way {NS} it's uh- it's the thing the factory mills a something like that that carries the smoke Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: it's a lot bigger you see Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: {NW} and uh pipe that carries it for them big mills {NS} big around as I am or bigger and uh it takes that to the sits the pipe uh to take that but uh just ordinary uh business for it for a stove a kitchen stove Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: offer a {D: molasses} mill pipe Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: of course it'd be six s- uh s- six inches in diameter six inches across that'd be s- that would be six by six Interviewer: What'd that be for? {NW} 303: that's for {D: sod and} mill I use a stove a kitchen stove so oven mill I use a kitchen stove Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} Did you ever hear of a smoke stack? 303: uh-huh Interviewer: smoke stacks? 303: Yeah I've heard of it yes ma'am but I I don't reckon I ever seen what's called a smoke stack I've heard of i- heard of it Interviewer: uh-huh 303: but I've never seen one Interviewer: mm-kay um Okay so what about furniture now? What would you call that thing that you're sitting in? You call that a-? 303: I call that a uh it ain't a ki- kitchen chair {NS} I don't know what you might call it Interviewer: okay but just okay you said chair is that 303: chair chair yes it's a chair alright but I can't tell you Interviewer: okay 303: what's the name of it Interviewer: What would you call this thing that I'm sitting on? 303: a double bed or a couch Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: double bed couch Interviewer: it folds up? 303: yes ma'am Interviewer: okay um what what about any other names for something like a couch? 303: well I would rather a straight bed I was thinking or either a mattress cot Interviewer: a mattress what? 303: cot Interviewer: uh-huh 303: about just enough for one to sleep in Interviewer: uh-huh 303: small bed Interviewer: yeah Would you call this a- a dav- 303: Devonette? Interviewer: uh-huh {NW} Is that something different? 303: That's something a little different Interviewer: How? 303: Couch Interviewer: What's a devonette like? 303: {NW} well I seen 'em bu- I can't hardly tell I've seen 'em Interviewer: Is it smaller or-? 303: uh I {X} some larger Interviewer: uh-huh 303: than that than that some larger I think Interviewer: Would yo- Would you ever call this a so- sofa? 303: Wha- you can call it a so- a so- a sofa uh where they be {X} but uh I- don't think this it's proper name for it {NS} Interviewer: What is a sofa? 303: Well a sof- sofa is is a {X} {NW} builder more {NS} we sit {NS} and build up about sixteen seventeen higher than that Interviewer: ah I see and that's called a- a- 303: sofa sofa Interviewer: okay um what What might you have in your bedroom with drawers in it to keep your clothes in? 303: a closet Interviewer: okay um that's built-in right? 303: built-in Interviewer: uh-huh 303: in in the wall Interviewer: What about something like that but that you can move around the room? 303: Well that's a dresser Interviewer: mm-kay 303: {X} over there Interviewer: That's got a {X} to it 303: yeah I just- {NS} I've got what they called I've got one in here Interviewer: uh-huh 303: Come in here and look at this one Interviewer: okay {NS} 303: if it's warm in here you get the other thing 'til it's exactly right they'd tell you Interviewer: uh-huh 303: but a man don't study the like a woman do about {NS} these things an- uh {NS} Interviewer: Did you ever hear that call a- You ever hear of a bureau or a chiffor- chifforobe? 303: chifforobe yes ma'am Interviewer: What's the chifforobe? 303: Well I just made up {NS} but uh {NS} sorta like a {X} I don't think it's got no glass in it s- so it's about fif- teen feet I think I got one in there Interviewer: uh-huh #1 gets # 303: #2 sure # Interviewer: that's 303: and yonder Interviewer: yeah 303: Do you see it? Interviewer: Yeah I noticed that 303: #1 Well look # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 303: on that side of it Interviewer: uh-huh 303: That's what I call a chifforobe {NS} Interviewer: Call what? 303: What'd you call it? You called it farm door Interviewer: What what did you say it was? 303: uh {NW} I done forgot now Interviewer: Chiff- 303: Chifforobe Interviewer: Ah I see Okay um And you can hang things up in it like you can do? 303: y- yes ma'am It's for Interviewer: uh-huh Do you ever heard of a wardrobe or a 303: Wardrobe Interviewer: clothes press or {NS} 303: a wardrobe yes ma'am I've heard of it and uh been around some a wardrobe but I w- I haven't got any Interviewer: mm-hmm What's What's that like? 303: {X} a wardrobe Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: oh it's a big {NS} square thing with a lid on it Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and it's about four foot high I reckon oh uh yes it's around four foot high with a big lid on it called it a wardrobe Interviewer: What What do you use it for? 303: put clothes in Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: or anything you want nice quilts {X} or anything {NS} {D: fellow bed} when people used to have a {X} {D: big back at the holder} that's moving about Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and uh then you gonna fill that wardrobe up {NS} Interviewer: okay um {NS} I was saying some tables and chairs and couches {X} 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: What do you call those? just you just call those {NS} {NS} 303: a table Interviewer: Yeah all the things that you have in the house you just call that the 303: well I- the eating table in there they have breakfast table Interviewer: uh-huh 303: but I ain't got no breakfast table {NS} {NW} {NS} {NW} Huh? {X} 303: Mm? Yes. It's a big difference cuz I {D: leaf in it} six foot long and about a foot I'll give you that too the- then. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: And you can make it as big as you want it to{NS} {X} a lot of put on the table and then cutting it {NW} something why that's what they're for {NS} {D: leaf.} It went in{NS} you pull it out{NS} lay that in there and seal it back up and then uh pegs in it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: When you push it up {NS} joined it into that other and it's just as close as you can get it #1 and just smooth level it # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 303: {X} Then {D: could} didn't want to use it while he take it out and wipe it off and set it in some nice place where it stays clean. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay um this is something that you might have in your windows you could pull down to keep the sun out. 303: Shades. Interviewer: Mm-kay. What about something that had little slats in it? 303: Well I {NS} I can't name that I know what it is but I can't name it. Interviewer: Okay but shades are just solid material. 303: It's solid. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay um. 303: {NW} Interviewer: And let's say the room at the top of the house just underneath the roof 303: {NW} Interviewer: what would you call that? 303: The eaves. The eaves. Interviewer: The eave? 303: The eaves. Interviewer: Is that part of the roof? 303: Uh n- that's the eave of the house. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Down to the bottom. Interviewer: What um what about a little room up there? 303: That'd be upstairs I've got no upstairs. I haven't but plenty people got 'em but I have. Interviewer: Yeah. But one that's not really upstairs it's just a small room and it's not it's not really a room exactly. 303: Well that- Interviewer: It's not really finished. 303: Uh I guess you'd call it oh I don't know I- {X} called but I- c- I can't unravel that for you. Interviewer: You ever head of an attic or a garret or a loft or? 303: Yeah. A- attic is uh I'd call it a hallway some call it a hallway. Interviewer: Upstairs? 303: No do- down in in in the living room yes. I have a little attic right there. Two doors on both sides and leads in here to the kitchen and leads me ba- back to that room back in there the bathroom. Interviewer: Uh-huh. So- 303: Well that's what you call a attic. I sleep in that some when it's real hot. I get out of bed and it's hot in here you can't stand night in this hot. Turn that thing on and leave you leave it thataway. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: {D: Now when it blowed my house} I come in {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: {X} blowed all the top off of my house after we had a storm here a while back. Interviewer: Mm. 303: And it blowed all the top off of the attic. Cost me five hundred dollars put the top back on. Interviewer: Yeah. 303: {X} {X} what you might say {X} it just h- h- it di- it didn't rain it just {D: pulled it} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: t- 'til you got it fixed. T- 'til it quit raining and then we gonna have it painted this year {D: show} whole house painted. And we will paint it a little bit deeper purple this room. I got to get somebody to paint it I can't paint overhead. Interviewer: Okay so an attic is something like a hall? 303: Yeah. Interviewer: It's downstairs? 303: Yes ma'am. Or you can have an attic upstairs. Now that hallway you don't {NS} {X} shut that middle door there. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And put that stove on in yonder in the kitchen. And shut that door go in go in that uh room bathroom. And open that door in there then turn that {X} {D: here get you} you keep that room warm. Well that's what you call that by the fireplace. {D: And do that any time} a year. It seemed like it {D: used} {D: go over there and stand there} and you {D: feel air} that's what they call the attic. Interviewer: {X} 303: Uh. And if you had one of 'em upstairs it's like a {D: call hang-} some call it a hal- hallway. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And uh it's got two names. Interviewer: Okay um. What would you call a little room off the kitchen where you might keep your canned goods or extra dishes? 303: Well I'd call that a well ah well there's a building. {X} I don't know what they call it I got one in there but I can't tell you what it is. Interviewer: Do you ever hear of kitchen closet or pantry or safe or? 303: No pantry. It's an old time a pantry I've got one {D: no I saw} but I got some standing right outside it looks a lot like a pantry just look at it but it ain't it's- it's a case and uh that's in here it's built in I don't know what you might what it's called. Interviewer: A pantry is is 303: {X} Interviewer: a piece of furniture sort of? 303: Yeah {X} {X} my wife {X} before she left. Interviewer: This word pantry what did that mean? 303: Pantry I uh it's the {D: pantry} {D: I had nothing} {X} Interviewer: Is it a piece of furniture? 303: Yes ma'am. Furniture is m- made to put your your vessels in. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And uh I got another thing in out in {X} while it was in there {D: and I} our daughter's here yest- {D: yesterday she said uh} papa whatever you do don't you never sell that thing back there. Interviewer: Oh I noticed that #1 the thing that # 303: #2 {X} # Interviewer: the mirror? #1 {D: The thing there} # 303: #2 Uh yeah. # It's got a mirror. Yeah. And it's got the she's got it just as {X} {D: hundred} {D: different daisies} my daughter said now papa that is other day she said don't n- let nobody have it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: There's been a lot of people here buying uh it's uh {D: serious} if you know. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And uh that's what {X} say whatever you do don't sell it and I'll get a new room out yonder. It got uh-huh two hundred and fifty cans in there in in that room. And I ain't got nowhere to put 'em so I built a new room out yonder and they in there. Interviewer: You have cans or? 303: Yeah huh yes ma'am I never le- about two hundred and fifty. Interviewer: {NS} Cans of what? 303: Uh beans{NS} peas{NS} and and pear preserves apples. All such as that. Interviewer: Yeah. Okay um. What you call a lot of old worthless furniture and things just weren't any good to you for you anymore? 303: Uh well. I don't reckon {X} here round here. Interviewer: What might you call that though? 303: What? Interviewer: What might you call that though just something that's not good for anything? 303: Uh well. We know uh I've always said uh Miss Dellville always said anything around you has got to come in handy some day i- in seven years somebody come around and want to buy it you can say that now they used to bug you. Well way old wagon wheels. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And such as that. And so I kept mine some of 'em and sold sure enough I didn't think I was gonna get anything ol' old wagon wheel old buggy wheel and {X} such as that. I know some something about that{NS} but when you get in the house{NS} I don't know hardly how the name. Interviewer: Yeah. Would you use the junk or rubbish or trash or 303: #1 {D: what?} # Interviewer: #2 plunder- # some word like that? 303: Well uh I'd call it something like that in a way it's plunder uh junk. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: That's what I'd call it. #1 And # Interviewer: #2 What's- # the word plunder? Do you use that word? 303: Well plunder is something that- nobody hardly use this in the way. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: And that {X} taken to store it away somewhere haul away. Interviewer: Wh- where would they store it? 303: Well they didn't didn't have s- store it I reckon in the barn barn {D: chair room.} Or either{NS} they could take it and put it in the smokehouse or hang meat in back in the backside or to the side one and get it out of the way. Interviewer: Do you ever hear of a junk room or lumber room or plunder rooms store room? 303: Ye- ye- yeah. I've heard of that. Interviewer: What's that? 303: It's uh plunder um it's a place where you got something that you wanna keep and wanna know where it's at when you pick it up. You have a place you can call it a plunder room. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: You put it and when you go back there it's it's it's {X} that you- all you gotta do it pick it up you know where- where you put it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And that's what they call a plunder room. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And um. Talking about the work that a woman would do um now she was sweeping the floor and dusting and so forth what would you say she was doing? 303: I'd say she was cleaning up. Interviewer: Okay. And um the thing that she'd sweep with what would you call that? 303: A broom. Or a mop. Interviewer: Okay. 303: It'd be a sweeping up or mopping up. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And if the broom was in the corner um oh like that one there and then you had the door open so you couldn't see the broom you'd say that the broom was? 303: Behind the door. Interviewer: Okay. And um years ago on Monday what then usually kids do what kind of work? 303: Well. Then the women don't work like they used t- I mean they didn't work like they do today. The women works just like the men they got jobs public jobs. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Back has then they didn't have no jobs but their jobs then was back out. White women near us had farms and had uh chicken had turkeys to tend to. Then uh they sold their eggs and bought the groceries. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And if they had any left they'd save it. And th- h- the white women didn't have no jobs at that time. Only job at home tending to the children. And getting gathering eggs raising chickens. And raising turkeys. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And uh did some in the the women just like my mother. {X} They sold to make clothes for the for everybody anybody that wanted it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Or either quilted they used to have a quilting uh the in the hall {D: over with us} four or five families. They'd meet some night evening after you got supper and sit down late and gossip and uh. What they call knitting a quilt. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Making a quilt. Spread. Spread it over the bed. And then tomorrow night this woman she go on and help this woman. That woman the next night over here there piddling and they didn't call for nothing to do that and they they have call for they drinking on tea or something like that. Few cakes something. And they they lay in the drawing room. They done that. Then the white women course when they're sewed there's a whole lot of that done. White women a lot of them. They're sold and when they made their money of course they use it like they want to. They sold to anybody they wanted to. And that's that's {X} And uh she tell him what she make a sheet for her or him a sheet for her. Him a quilt or make a quilt. Or make a bedspread anything that she'd tell him and go on and make it. Interviewer: Okay um. Say if you had a two-story house how would you get from the first floor up to the second floor? 303: They have uh stairs. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Would you use the same word if they were outside of the house? 303: Yeah. That's I'd use the same word. That's upstairs. Interviewer: I mean would you talk about stairs outside? 303: Yes ma'am. Interviewer: Okay. And. Can you think of names of different kinds of porches? 303: Porches? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Like a porch that- 303: Por- Uh I've forgotten now the name of it. Por- uh I can't I can't talk por- por- porta- something I- Interviewer: You have heard portico? 303: Porti- portico Yeah. Interviewer: Does that sound like a name? 303: Yeah that that's the name of it. Of the porches. At the they ain't they ain't the old style now that's the new style. Interviewer: What's- what's a portico? 303: Portico that's a porch. Built on the outside. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: But now we don't know nothing about that bout that {D: money} when I come up. Interviewer: You used to call it a porch? 303: Used to call them porch. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Okay. And if the door was open and you didn't want it that way you'd ask someone to? 303: Hit it. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And what do you call the boards on the outside of the house that lap over each other? 303: Shingles. Interviewer: No I'm talking about on the on the outside like they go like this on the walls. On the outside. 303: Oh. The planks or the the shingles. Interviewer: Yeah. I'm thinking of you ever heard of of siding or weather? 303: #1 Eh uh uh # Interviewer: #2 weatherb- # 303: weatherboard. Or or either siding. Interviewer: You've heard both of those words? 303: #1 Yes. # Interviewer: #2 Around here? # 303: Yes ma'am. Siding. Eh uh the weatherboard. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And uh. And uh top of the house. {NW} They used to make boards back then they call 'em old-fashioned oak boards. And uh. whenever {X} you got to line uh- up and got the floor laid and they put on these old-fashioned boards. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: It last twenty-four hours thirty years. And then now stuff put on the house now some of 'em don't last that long. Interviewer: Yeah. Okay say if you were doing some carpentry you'd say I picked up the hammer and I what the nail in? 303: I dropped it in. Interviewer: Hmm? 303: I'm- I picked up the hammer to nail in I dropped it {D: many times.} Interviewer: Okay. But if you hit the nail you'd say I you you call that? 303: Driving the nail up. Interviewer: Okay. So you say I I took the hammer and I what the nail in and I? 303: Well. I bent the nail down. Interviewer: But if you get it in you'd say I 303: Drawed it straight up. Interviewer: Okay. You were- you say the nail didn't get in far enough it's gotta be what in further it's gotta be? 303: Mm- be pull it out and {D: bend it} or either put another another size in there longer. Interviewer: Okay. Or if you have the right size and everything and just you gotta hit it one more time 303: Mm Interviewer: you say yo- um the nail's got to be what in a little further got to be? 303: Drove up. Interviewer: Okay. And you say um say you pick up the hammer and you what the nail in you you dri- 303: I drop the hammer. Interviewer: Okay. Um What do you call the parts that covers the top of the house? 303: The roofing. Interviewer: What's that? {D: Roofing?} 303: Yeah. Y- use that to {X} cover the par- #1 top of the house. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # What do you call that? 303: Roofing. Interviewer: Okay. And what do you call the little things along the edge of the roof th at carry the water off? 303: Uh. Uh. Gutters. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And let's see what say you have a house in an L. What do you call the place where the two come together? 303: Call that a joint. Interviewer: Call that what? 303: Joint. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And where would you store your tools? 303: Uh I'd store 'em in the shop. Interviewer: Okay. What about wood where would that be kept? 303: Well I tend to leave it out in the yard. If I ain't got a wood house. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um. And what did you call outdoor toilets? 303: Well that's a I forgot now what they call it. I can't think of nothing I know the name of it. I left {D: one on the wheat farm.} I'm {D: bored of} {D: that lady} that right that's white lady my wife worked for her alright she thought so much of us she wanted her to have a picture {D: it's Miss Irene Evans.} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And. My wife pictures of {X} under in large pictures. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Right there she's sixteen year old {X} Interviewer: She was really pretty. 303: Sixteen year old when she had that made. Now I'm left here with it alone. And wouldn't care {X} when the day that I'm gone. If I {X} I wanna be right. Trying to be {X} person right I knew she was. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Well. Interviewer: Okay um. You might say that you live in a frame 303: Live in a strange- Interviewer: E- or in a frame what? Or a brick? 303: {NW} A brick house. Interviewer: Okay are there any what are some of the other kinds around here? 303: There's uh what you call th- some of 'em call 'em wooden house. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever seen those? 303: Mm Yes I've seen a few. Some of 'em they have 'em in a few log houses Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: But uh they've perished away most of 'em but there's a log barn closed down over here about two miles from this uh house right here {X} out there. About fifty a hundred fifty some odd feet and yep this last storm blowed it flat on the ground. Interviewer: Mm. 303: {NW} It belonged to uh the {D: Zinis} brothers bought that and wind had blowed it flat. And my farm is right above it. And it didn't bu- blown my barn down. And it didn't hurt nothing around the house. But it blowed his barn down. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Just flat it ain't got nothing nobody first {D: called it nothing} put his hay in Ain't nothing to put his stock in in wintertime. But I guess he'll build a barn back. {D: Oh well he} can't afford not to. Knowing he'll build it back. Interviewer: What would you call a building where you store corn? 303: I'd call it a place for for crib crib um uh- crib corn. Interviewer: Okay. And a place where you store grain? 303: Call that a {D: hogshead.} Interviewer: A what? 303: {D: Hogshead.} Interviewer: {D: Hogshead?} 303: Yes ma'am. Interviewer: For grain? 303: For grain. Interviewer: What does that look like? 303: It's a very big thing built so that and that it holds anything you put in it. {D: It's all} exposed. When they get ready to to load it take it to nail I have it ground back up to {X} scoop runs outside and they got a door there. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And you let that door down that run right out in the wagon or out in the sack and you ain't got to get in there and work with it. It's built. In a {X} fashion on both sides {D: half in the summer} Well we kinda took it at the top but that's the end of it. That's the center. This side is full and this side is full. That's gotta uh what I call a scoop over here and just scoop over here. And sometimes it's got it's so big you have two or three. When you when you fill up and get where it won't run you'll have to move up. And let that door open sit it sit the {X} fill up the wagon with what you want. Go on about your business. Interviewer: Was that- 303: That's what you call a hogshead. Interviewer: Is that something that you 303: Stole fo- wa- Interviewer: About how big is it about this big or? 303: No. No it's uh- Interviewer: To build it? 303: I- it's a building bigger than this house. Bigger as this this house. And it's sitting up sitting up up off of the ground {X} about four-foot Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: All {D: over and they} store this corn grain in these hogsheads. They call 'em when they put 'em over there they call that hog and they fill it up. And move to this other one and fill it up. Move to the other one got 'em all full on both sides. Why you've got some stuff back {D: hogging.} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Do you ever hear of a granary? 303: No I {X} I do not. Granary- Interviewer: Okay what about a place where you'd you'd store hay in a barn? 303: Well. They call it some of 'em call 'em the loft. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: {X} {D: I could} it's uh {X} These days I run at the power of machines now I have to go in there get there and {X} That's what they call it. They call the let's see what loft. That's what I thought I said{NS} I started to say the barn but think it's called a loft. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And. What if you have too much hay to put in the barn? Then you might pile it up outside in a? 303: Oh yea- You can stack it up. Put a sheet over it and keep it outside or you or build a a what they call a shed ov- over it. Interviewer: What is that- 303: Long shed over it. Or if you got too much why you can put it all in there. It'll be alright when you get later for it. {NS} Keep it dry. And the outside and just a top over it just like a chicken house was built. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Long maybe {X} down into the road. And it's and it didn't got nothing but just posting posting them top. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And you go ahead and get it out. {X} anywhere you want to. I come there in the middle of the posts. Get what you want and when I get ready for it I'll throw it out or do something with it. I'll feed your cattle. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What else is in there under the shed? 303: How's that? Interviewer: What holds it in there under the shed. 303: Well them posts. The post is on each side. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: It's ha holds a top uh anything that put in down there uh it's got enough braces in it to to hold it. And the hay it sits right there where we put it 'til you can get ready to move it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. So you just throw the hay in under that or? Do you have it any sort of shape? 303: N- no. If it's loose hay and get ready for it you throw it out and take it down a lot for your cattle or either somebody want to buy {D: the wood.} Get back up and set him on low and he dries out and {X} getting wet pay you for it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: You got more hay than you want. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Okay when you first cut the hay you know then you you let it dry then you 303: Yeah yeah. Interviewer: Rake it up in these little piles what do you call that? 303: A wind rollers. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And you go back in take the bale and bathe it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. But before um before you did that before they baled hay #1 say # 303: #2 Mm. # Interviewer: you'd take a pitchfork and 303: Yes. Interviewer: take a #1 what? # 303: #2 {D: Yes that} # You'd take a pitchfork and put it in the shelf Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: When you you raked it thataway. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Then didn't o- didn't have no balers or what you either did have you couldn't get in there and then all way you do is take it up loose. And the first thing you had to do cut it and let it cure like you want it then r- rake it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Then wind rolls then go back and chop it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And then take you back and get you wagon and when you got it all chopped drive up to shove in put it on the wagon go in the morning but. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Okay were there any special places for keeping cows? 303: Mm. Interviewer: Like places for them to get in under when it's raining? 303: Yes they co- uh have- some people have sheds in their lots. Interviewer: What's a lot? 303: A lots is a is a was a {D: grow grass in} for the cattle to run on maybe thirty or forty acres maybe sixty acres in some lots and maybe a hundred acres in some lots but they got we didn't have a a shed built in the lot protect the cows some from the weather before they get back to the barn. and when they come {D: born} it's bad weather they put 'em in the barn and feed 'em then shut the door and keep 'em up all night. That morning think too cold and well it looks like it. They c- they come the man's owner come and turn him out. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Til the next day. And- Interviewer: Any special places for milking 'em? 303: Yes you have a regular a barn built {D: to run up.} Interviewer: A barn built what? 303: A barn or what they call a milk barn. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: And it's some of 'em built mighty pretty. And uh. And they ke- they keep it clean and some of 'em's built in the center where they milk the cow. I forgot what they call that. And the troughs where they eat out of. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And they milk 'em by buckets. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: By {D: like to} twist 'em and they start the machine there and they go along with a bucket and sit under the cow and then put that nip o- on the cow's tits. and go on to the next and just keep going if it's got thirty Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: got ten and got ten on this side and ten on this side. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: We got a place over there to stand. We got a place over here to stand. And uh. So. That's wh- what I bel- think about that. That. They've gotten they're doing such as that now they've got plenty of that. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: But that ain't no old-timey stuff. Interviewer: Yeah. 303: That's new stuff. Interviewer: What- what would you call a a farm like that where they just have milk cows? 303: Well I- I guess I'd just call it a by the man's name i- it's a milk farm. Uh. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Used a {D: water vase.} Got one over here. And he called it the milk barn or the milk farm or either one you wanna call it. Of course he don't do nothing else {NW} but that. {NW} so don't have that never done. Interviewer: Yeah. Do you ever call it a da- 303: A da-? Interviewer: A dairy- 303: A dairy yeah. And I forgot that you call it a dairy barn. Interviewer: Okay um. Where do you keep horses? 303: And when I had 'em I kept 'em in the lot and in in bad nights I'd keep 'em i- up in the stable. The place you'd call a stable. Interviewer: Is that part of a barn or something- 303: That's part of the barn. That's another place made into to open the door and drive the horse in. Interviewer: Okay. Um. What about hogs and pigs? 303: Well. I had a two three sows hogs. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Let's see they called it a hog pen. And a hog hog feeder. I put a hog feeder in there. Pour my stuff in there and they they would eat what they wanted. And they'd walk off of it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: I call it a hog feeder. Then uh it out in the pound if it's cold bad you built a Interviewer: Out in the what? Out in- 303: Out in the pound you build build a house. A hog house. {X} {NS} Oh my. {X} some of the children. I believe. Where is {D: Catherine} Where's Catherine? Aux: What? 303: Where's Catherine? Aux: She's up at the house. Well where's Philip? What? 303: Where's Philip? Aux: He's up at the church house getting wine. {NS} Interviewer: Do a lot of children come play here? 303: {D: Eight over there} are allowed. Play down this level down here. {X} rock and rough and they come down here and ride their wheels and when the come back from school play around and I I think i- i- i- ain't no use in a person being so funny children is children so it don't bother nothing ain't no use in saying nothing about it. Interviewer: Yeah. 303: N- now they come down here to help me get in more wood back in the wintertime and get up my eggs. Interviewer: #1 Where did # 303: #2 I don't # Interviewer: Huh? 303: I don't say nothing about 'em I just all they do {D: by it} Interviewer: Yeah. 303: Play ball down here sometimes round the bull house and passed the big place {D: live uh} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Down here I've got a garden that I don't let them play down there in my garden. Well how much longer we gonna keep 'em or not. Interviewer: Well this tape will be running out pretty soon. Do you remember where you keep milk and butter before you had refrigerators? 303: Mm the- spring house. Interviewer: Okay. 303: Spring house. Interviewer: #1 And # 303: #2 I've do- # I've been in one many times get some good ol' milk. Buttermilk sweet milk butter. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Spring house. Interviewer: Okay. And what would you call a place around the barn where you might let the cows and mules and other animals walk around? 303: A pound. {NW} Pound? Interviewer: A pound. 303: A pound. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What what was that like? 303: Huh? Interviewer: What was- can you describe that for me? 303: Yeah. It's it's a pound. When you turn it off out you you've got your fence around it and they can't go back to lot nowhere and that's just the pound now you built to keep 'em out and want to put 'em back in their barn while you can do so. Interviewer: So it's just around the barn? 303: Yes it's around the barn. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay um. Something that if you want to turn the animals out to graze you turn 'em out into the? 303: Pasture. Interviewer: Okay is that different from a lot? 303: {NW} About the same thing. Interviewer: Okay. 303: Only that's the proper that's the proper name for it. Interviewer: Yeah. Um. Do you ever raise cotton? 303: {NW} One year. Interviewer: Tell me about the work that you'd 303: #1 Uh. # Interviewer: #2 do for that. # 303: You have to plant it. And after you plant it you had to give the ground good dig. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: You can't plant it wet. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And after it comes up you get that bud comes up sorta like a bean in the garden. It gets up a oh about two or three inches high. Then you go to {D: horn} it Interviewer: Uh-huh. Then when it gets up about knee-high and {X} why before then 'til you laid by you quit it. When it gets up that high getting close to potting you quit working. Mm-hmm. {NW} 303: And uh I do- whenever you quit working it. That's all I wanna do about it I don't wanna pick it that's {NW} {X} I'll pick they day for {D: throwing in} Murfre- not Murfreesboro Yeah. Murfreesboro. And uh my wife picked that one day and uh she picked the first day. Seventy-five cents per hour. And um. The next day I think she picked a dollar and quarter's worth. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And that is all she wanted to do. She come home {NW} and I I would pick the stuff. And the first day that I picked I here at Statesville I wasn't in Murfreesboro. For {X} and I I went to give 'em a breakfast to come and some of the other dew got off so I could go to picking {NW} went out there about nine o'clock and I picked 'til six o'clock that evening. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: The then this pick it{NS} seventy-five cents per hour. {NS} And I I told 'em I said now I thought the {D: printing} could be four or five dollars.{NS} {NS} And he said yes it can. But you've got to learn how to pick it. I went back the next day and I I thought I'd try it over. And I made one dollar. And picked all day long didn't give me my supper. {X} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And I decided then there ain't no more cotton for me nowhere I don't want nobody's cotton. Interviewer: {NW} Yeah. 303: Fingers are sore back sore I was young too but.{NS} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: It made my back sore. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Then I could've made it made more than that just uh coming to farm and then done got up to about dollar and a half two dollars a day then. And things begin to move up a little. Interviewer: Okay what what do you call that grass that grows up in a cotton field where you don't want it? 303: Uh. Some of 'em call it moody grass. Or- Interviewer: Call it what? 303: Moody grass. Or either the either silk not silkweed but uh milkweed. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Come 'til it comes up pretty {D: free} after cotton. Interviewer: Mm-hmm And it it gets s- gets in the way if you don't keep it out. 303: Mm-hmm. And the rotten rag uh know when the ragweed eats 'em bad. Interviewer: Okay say corn grows in a what? 303: In a row. Interviewer: Okay. Or you'd if you had a lot of corn you'd say you had a corn- 303: Field. Interviewer: Okay. Um. What about cotton? If you just had a little bit of cotton you'd you wouldn't call it a field would you? 303: No. No. Just call that a little pat- a little patch of cotton. Interviewer: Okay. 303: Patch of cotton. Interviewer: And this is a of fence that you might move- little wooden fence that you might have around a yard or a garden. 303: Oh well we'd call it palement f- fence. Interviewer: What's that? 303: Pale- palement fence. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Think that's what they- that's the name of it. Interviewer: Did it come to points or straight across or how? 303: Straight across. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about one that came up in points? Did that have a name? 303: Mm now I I can't recall that. I {D: slat} nothing slat there cuz- Interviewer: Slats? 303: Slat fence. Slat fence. Interviewer: Okay. And a kind of wire fence they might have around a pasture now? 303: Well there's- Interviewer: That catch your clothes on it. 303: We call it barbed wire. Interviewer: Okay. And do you remember any kinds of wooden fences that would go in and out? Like this? 303: Wooden fence? Interviewer: Yeah. Like this. 303: Yes I that's what they call a rail fence.{NS} Interviewer: Okay. 303: I've made it out and I've worked at that many time on {X} heels and {X} I used to make rail. Interviewer: Really? 303: And the red sheet is raised slow around you have 'til everybody's got 'em on {D: placed them} put this {X} in there. And uh that red cedar back yonder brought good money. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Now Now if they had it they had it moved it all out. Kept hauling it to Nashville. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Or they could cut something out of it. Made that a farm covered up to that be worth much as this farm. Interviewer: Yeah. 303: Now. Course it- Interviewer: Yeah. 303: Course it wasn't then. That's what I said. Then they got a little money out and they just stuck it down put up more fence and sold the rail. And that's when it done wrong. They'd kept 'em on well got a got a fortune out of 'em. Interviewer: Yeah. 303: Cedar rails I guess you heard talk of it ain't you? Interviewer: Yeah. 303: Cedar rail. There was money. Make pencils out of it it's a pe- pencil factory. Some of 'em did and I don't know what they done with the rest of it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Say if you were putting up a wire fence you'd have to dig a hole for the the put 303: Post. Put up the post. Interviewer: Okay. And did you ever hear of a fence or a wall made out of loose stone or rock? 303: Yeah. A rock fence. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: I've built 'em {X} Around the creek ba- back to turn the water. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: I know exactly what that is. And some people got 'em built in today in different places up and down these hollows where the water gets unruly. Just keep it from it spreading over the bottom field. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay um. And if you had a really nice set of dishes chances are it'd be made out of? 303: China. Interviewer: Okay did you ever see an egg made out of this? 303: Ever see what? Interviewer: An egg made out of this? 303: Eggs. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Made out of this material. 303: No. I don't believe I have. Interviewer: Okay um. Okay you mentioned buckets some. 303: Cedar buckets. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Well I well I used to have one I wished I had it right today. I give it away. And now that cedar bucket is worth all the time and money I have. Have nothing. A fellow over here made 'em. His cedar bucket for water week. Well uh back yonder up from the house small or that keep the cedar bucket put water in. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And uh. {D: Heaper time} you get a new one. On start you taste that cedar 'til it got old. Or either wait to keep from tasting the cedar they did a painted it bucket inside. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And that kept the cedar from {NW} {X} the water. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: {NW} But after you go so long you leave it to sit. Interviewer: What what would you carry milk in? 303: Pail. Interviewer: Is that different-? 303: A long uh pail or long tin bucket or either flat tin bucket Interviewer: What tin? 303: Flat tin bucket. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Now that's a old one I know you never seen {X} never seen it. Never seen a long tin bucket. But now when I was working in Statesville I was on top of the hill uh while I was uh digging tin for mr Eulis Armstrong Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: I was about thirty-five year old. No I don't believe I {D: talked about that all.} No I wouldn't have. About S- seventeen eighteen some along there. And uh I laid down and went to sleep on the hill. Really big hill. States- about mile and half from Statesville place called Statesville down in the bottom. And I go over there and mi- bout a mile and a half on top of that gravel hill. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And uh ate my dinner had no water there hadn't then eh I laid down on the gravel. What had been piled up. For snakes I mean to to get 'em out of the tater patch and everything they had a oh about as high as my head all around. I just laid down on the ones {X} And I hear something crawling. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: I waked up and then it was a rattlesnake. Interviewer: Oh really? 303: Rattlesnake. Interviewer: What'd you do? 303: I got up and caught him. Got up and caught him. And that made me think of that long tin bucket. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: I caught that snake and put it him in that bucket. And brought him down there mile and a half down to Statesville where all the white people and colored people could see him. I kept him there three weeks. And uh way I done I's young and had a Dennis kept a kept a silk handkerchief in his pocket. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: And I thought of that I caught a {D: four good stick.} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Sorta like that. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And uh After I caught the snake or when I when I first went o- went to catch him he coiled up. Well I just stood there and wait 'til they gotta 'un- {D: mat thems.} And we went trolling on off. {X} 303: {D: Floor} belonged to {X} To make {X} on the hill. Take it up on a wheelbarrow And I found this old book had been laying there for a year. But it's pretty good bucket I put the snake in it. And uh. It fill that long tin bucket up and {X} bucket is about that high. {D: Look around} and he fill that long tin bucket up. And when I- when he got I wrapped him down in there. And I tied a string on that side of his neck and one on this side. I tied it to the {X} bucket to that hand. Tied it. And go down there and try to wash my hands. {X} {D: looped it.} Then I drawed it up just like I wanted and cut old {X} tied him to here that bucket. Got me a stick then. And uh put him on my back and went on to town with him. Interviewer: {NW} 303: And that's all I wants to talk about. But now {NW} I done that and and the white people {D: stay 'til} there's plenty of 'em married and living {D: another day knows.} Seen him. Interviewer: {X} 303: But some of 'em said uh they wouldn't have done it for nothing but I didn't know better at that time. And {D: now is there anything else?} Interviewer: Um. Yeah wha- what did you call the container that you use to carry food to the pigs in? 303: I call it a slop bucket. {NW} Interviewer: Okay. And um. Let's say if you went out and decide if you decide to plant some flowers inside the house what would you plant 'em in? You'd call that a? 303: Call that a A cr- a crop bowl. Or bowl of a stone. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: {X} I know why {X} around here and all I did have Been {X} And and uh uh what's churning. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: My mama used to churn. We had a calf. She made butter and she had a cedar dasher. Went in this churn churn it's out there and right out there and had that shop just about that high. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And uh. She put it in this churn. And uh sometimes we had a cedar churn. And we had a stone churn. Now the stone churns out that and uh. the dash is out there somewhere I seen it. And uh. The men are trying to buy it from me I won't sell it at all. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And that's called a what'd I call it? Interviewer: A churn? 303: A churn. It's called a churn. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And what would you call something that might have out in your backyard to to heat up water to boil the clothes in? 303: Well You can have a thing you call a pot or a kettle. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Either one {D: could answer.} Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um. What if you you cut some flowers and wanted to keep them inside of the house. You'd put that in a? 303: Put that in a bowl. Crop crop bowl. Interviewer: Okay but another name for it. 303: Uh? Interviewer: Va- Vase or vase or- {C: pronunciation} 303: A vase. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Or- or- or either bowl of pu- put it in a vase. And uh. Interviewer: Okay and if you were gonna um you sat the table you put out a plate and then you'd um give everyone a? 303: Uh. Fork and a knife. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What if they then had coffee they need to stir that? 303: You give everyone sit everyone cup and a saucer. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 303: #2 to the plate. # Interviewer: And to to um. Get the sugar out you'd use a? 303: Sugar bowl. Interviewer: Okay but you wouldn't use a fork you'd use a? 303: Spoon. Interviewer: Okay. And say. Say if you were had three people leading you. Had three forks on the table and three? 303: Oh. Three people? Interviewer: Yeah. Three three forks and three spoons and three? 303: Well you'd want you'd want uh three knives. Interviewer: #1 Mm-kay. # 303: #2 And three spoons. # Interviewer: Okay. And if the- the dishes were all dirty you'd say oh I have to go what the dishes? 303: #1 Mm. # Interviewer: #2 I have to go? # 303: Well. You say well we're done the dishes got to be washed and put away. Interviewer: Okay. So you say I have to go wa- have to go? 303: I don't know the answer to that. Interviewer: Okay. Um. You say after she washes the dishes then she? 303: #1 Dry. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 303: Dries the dishes. Interviewer: Okay but when she's got soap on them then she what them in clear water then she? 303: Wash 'em. Interviewer: Okay. What about when she runs clear water over that you'd say over the soapy dishes you'd say she? 303: She's rinsing 'em. Interviewer: Okay. Um. What do you call the cloth or rag you use when you're washing dishes? 303: Ta- ta- {D: another} towel {X} {D: kip-} no. I call it a {X} Napkin. No I think. No it ain't napkin. Interviewer: When you're washing dishes though. 303: Well you wash 'em with a dish rag. Interviewer: Okay. 303: {D: We call it.} Interviewer: Then to dry them? 303: {NW} You dry 'em with a hand towel. Interviewer: Okay. You ever hear that called anything else? 303: {NW} Interviewer: Ever hear of cup cup towel? 303: Yeah I've heard of a cup towel. Interviewer: What's that? 303: That's to dry dishes with. Cup towel. Interviewer: And um. What do you call the thing the cloth that you use to bathe your face with? 303: Well you call that {NS} a face towel {NS} or- Interviewer: To wash your face with. 303: Wash pan. Interviewer: Yeah but the cloth you'd use. 303: Oh. {NS} Towel. Interviewer: Okay. You ever hear of wash rag or wash cloth or face cloth? 303: Yes I've heard of them. Interviewer: What what did you call that? 303: Oh. Wash cloth uh. It's a cloth that you wash after you're done using it. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um. And if you wanted to pour yourself a glass of water you'd go up to the sink and you'd turn on the? 303: Faucet. Interviewer: Okay. What would you call something similar to that that you might have outside to hook a hose up to? 303: Why. Faucet? Interviewer: Okay. Um. You say it was so cold last night that our water pipes? 303: M- uh. Burst. Interviewer: Okay. And you say um if it gets much colder the water pipes might? 303: Might burst. Interviewer: Okay. Um. This is something that people used to buy flour in big container and you might have to roll it off the wagon using a couple of logs or boards. 303: It's called a a barrel. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 303: #2 A barrel. # Interviewer: And. What about something smaller than that that- 303: #1 Keg. # Interviewer: #2 {D: got a tap} # Huh? 303: Keg. Interviewer: Keg okay. And what did say fifty pounds of molasses or or fifty pounds of lard used to come in? You'd call that a? 303: #1 Well. # Interviewer: #2 Say- # fifty pounds of lard? 303: Fifty po- Uh I don't understand that. Interviewer: What say if you bought um say fifty pounds of lard. 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Would you have a special name for that? 303: Let's see. Uh you could call it I bought fifty pounds of grease. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Would you call it a stand of lard? 303: Uh I'd call it a stand of lard. Interviewer: You heard that word around here? 303: Yes ma'am Interviewer: Okay um. And if you were gonna pour something from a container from a big container into a container with a narrow mouth to keep it from spilling you'd use a? 303: Funnel. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And if you were driving horses and wanted them to go faster you'd hit 'em with a? 303: Whip. Interviewer: Okay. And if you bought some things at the store the grocer might put them in a? {NS} 303: In a s- sack or in a pan. Interviewer: Okay. 303: O- Interviewer: What would the sack be made out of? 303: Paper. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um. What what about flour? What would that come in? 303: Flour? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: It'd come in a uh b- b- b- bag. I'd call it. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And what about feed for cattle? 303: Feed for cattle. Interviewer: Uh-huh that rough rough material? 303: Uh you talking about hay? Or you talking about- Interviewer: The bag or sack. 303: Bag. Uh sack. We used to call it a bag. Or either you could call it a sack of feed or either one of 'em. Interviewer: Okay. You mentioned tow sack earlier. 303: A tow s- {NS} Interviewer: Is that that real rough cloth? 303: Yes ma'am. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And say you took corn to the mill to be ground. Um. You might take one bushel or two bushels or whatever you know. You'd call that a? How much you'd call that a? What? 303: Well. I don't exactly get that. Interviewer: Do you ever hear the expression a turn of corn? 303: Yeah a turn. Yeah. Interviewer: What what does that mean? 303: That means um uh sack or half a sack. {NS} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Or turn of corn. Interviewer: Is that how much you take at one time or? 303: Yes if uh uh didn't ha- have pretty good turn that morning. Bags or sack. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: {X} And that would call it a bag of flour bag of corn or whatever it is. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And. What would you call the amount of wood that you can carry with both your arms? 303: {D: Stole of wood.} Interviewer: Okay but The if you're taking it so holding all the wood you can hold in both your arms you'd call that you'd say you had a? What of wood? 303: {NW} I had a armful. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And when the light burns out in an electric lamp now you'd have to screw in a new? 303: Another bulb. Interviewer: What kind of bulb? 303: Elec- electric bulb. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And if you want to carry the wash out to hang it up on the line you'd carry it out in a? 303: In a in a dish pan. Interviewer: Okay or a clothes 303: dish- dish pan. Interviewer: Or clothes ba- something they might have now. 303: Uh. Interviewer: A clothes? {NS} ba- 303: Uh I don't understand it like #1 that. # Interviewer: #2 What about # basket? 303: A basket yeah. Interviewer: Okay um. Now what runs around the barrel to hold the wood in place? 303: Runs around the barrel and holds the wood in place? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: {D: A hoops} Interviewer: Okay. And suppose you open a bottle and you didn't want the liquid to spill out you might stick in a? 303: A stopper. Interviewer: Okay. What would that be made out of? 303: Made out of cork. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Now this is a musical instrument. That you blow on like and go like this. 303: Mm-hmm. Uh. {D: Calling it} a harp. Interviewer: Okay. A harp? 303: Yes ma'am. Interviewer: What's Okay um. What about something that you'd go like um hold between your teeth and go like this? 303: {NW} Uh I don't know a comb I reckon. Uh uh uh. Um. Used to when I had good teeth put the comb up there and piece of paper and I'd blow it it'd make a terrible racket Interviewer: {NW} 303: {X} ringing everywhere. Interviewer: Yeah. Okay this harp that you mentioned what did you call that? That had another name? Do you call it French harp or mouth harp? 303: A French harp. Interviewer: #1 {X} # 303: #2 or a # mouth mouth harp either one. Interviewer: They're the same thing? 303: Mm no. {NW} A little different. French harp. Mouth harp. Well I don't know uh any different. don't know what they {X} {NS} Interviewer: What about something that you'd put in between your teeth and hold between your teeth and 303: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 and you # twang it? 303: It's a Jew's harp. Interviewer: Okay. And the thing that you pound nails with you call that the? 303: You have to explain that again. Interviewer: A- what tools might you have around the house? 303: Oh well. {X} pick shovel anything like that. Hammer. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Now suppose you had a wagon and two horses. What do you call the long wooden piece that comes between the horses? 303: Uh. Tongue. Interviewer: Okay. And if you have a horse pulling a buggy before you hitch him up you have to back him between the? 303: Shaft. Interviewer: Okay. And. Now talk about parts of a wagon wheel. Now the very inside would be called the hub. 303: Yeah. Interviewer: And the spokes come out and what do they fit into? 303: They fit into the hub. Interviewer: Okay but coming out though they fit into the? 303: Wheel. The rim. Interviewer: Okay. And if what is there something that goes over the rim? 303: Piece of iron. Interviewer: Okay. What part what do you call that? 303: You call that the rimming. Interviewer: The what? 303: Wheel rim. Interviewer: Okay. Is that the part that touches the ground? 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: The rim touches the ground? 303: No. No. The rim don't touch the ground it's the I forgot what they call it. It's Interviewer: Call it t- 303: Tar. The the tar. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Do you ever hear of felly or feller? Part of the wagon wheel? 303: Yeah. The f- feller feller. Yes uh. I know what to tell but I can't call it. Interviewer: Is it something the spokes go into? 303: The feller? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: No I- I'm I'm stalled up on that. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Now suppose you have a horse hitched up to a wagon. What do you call the thing that the the traces hook onto? 303: Single tree. Interviewer: Okay. And suppose you have two horses. 303: Then you'd have to have two single trees. Interviewer: Okay. And they- they'd be hooked onto the? 303: Wagon. Interviewer: Okay. You ever would that be called a double? 303: It's called a double tree. Double str- sing- uh double trees. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Suppose there was a log across the road you'd say I tied a chain to it and I what it out of the way? And I? 303: Moved it out of the way. Interviewer: Okay or another word you might use? And I? 303: I drug it out of the way. Interviewer: Okay. You say. We have what many logs out of this road? 303: Many rocks. Interviewer: Many logs we have- 303: Oh. Well I don't know the answer. Interviewer: Okay but using that same word you'd say we have what? many logs out of the 303: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 road. # With these chains we have 303: {D: many} A logs has been moved out. Interviewer: Okay or have been? 303: Moved. Interviewer: Okay or another word? 303: Out of the way. Interviewer: Okay. {NS} What do you use to break up the ground with in the spring? 303: Plough. Interviewer: Are there different kinds of ploughs? 303: Yeah there there's uh different {NW} there's {D: shovels} Interviewer: There's a what? 303: {D: A shovels plough} and a {D: Chattanooga} and uh there's another one too but I can't think {X} Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm. # 303: #2 or like # that. Interviewer: What about s- something that breaks up the ground even finer than that? 303: Uh. Not a turning plow but a garden tiller. Interviewer: Okay um. Have you ever heard of a dis- {D: something disc-}? 303: {D: Disc} Interviewer: Yeah. But you ever heard of a 303: Mm-hmm. It's- Interviewer: Something that um is not a plough it's something a little bit different. 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: And it breaks up the ground real fine. 303: That's what you call {D: distin} {D: bob disc.} Interviewer: You ever heard of a harrow or harrow? {C: pronunciation} 303: Yeah. A harrow Interviewer: What's that like? 303: That's a something you run over the ground to to make it loose. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And break up the clots. Interviewer: Okay um. And what do you call the things that the wheels of the wagon fit into? 303: The hub. Interviewer: Okay but. Each wheel that fits into the thing that goes across. 303: Uh that's the felloe. {NS} Interviewer: Okay. 303: The rim or either the felloe some of 'em call it. Interviewer: Okay what about ax- axle? A- 303: Axel. Axel. Interviewer: Okay um. If you were gonna chop wood you might put it on this X-shaped frame. What would you call that? 303: A chopping block. Interviewer: Okay but a frame that you might make out of boards. 303: Frame. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Shaped like a X you know? 303: Yeah. Interviewer: And you put one end of the log down in that- 303: Oh that's a glut or a wedge. Either one. Interviewer: That's called a what? 303: Glut. Interviewer: Glut? 303: Glut or a wedge. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Glut or a wedge. Interviewer: What does that look like exactly? 303: This wedge {X} head up there square head. And uh that you stick it in the log and tap it with a steel hammer. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: And then bust this out. And you take two of 'em bust 'em out straight like you wanted to {X} good straight wood. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Or in a wedge is is made just like a steel uh the wedge is uh just made like the steel uh wedge. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Only it's made by hand. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And that's what you call a glut. Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 303: #2 And uh. # The other one is a wedge it's uh made of steel and it's about that long. And you bust wood with it or start your shingles with it go in back yonder when they made boards. They had 'em in there they've got that uh on the board {X} that what they call it made it. Like a L it's got a blade on it and sits out thataway. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: And you took you hit that bust them boards with it. That's the blade's about that long. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And you bust the {X} with it or you bust more wide with it. Interviewer: Okay um. Okay. Um. You'd fix your hair using a comb and a? 303: Well you'd use some kind of liquid or water on it Interviewer: Okay. But a woman would use a comb and then something else would be called a? 303: A {NW} Interviewer: Comb and a bru- 303: Comb. Uh I forgot what they call it. I can't call it. Interviewer: Okay um. You'd sharpen a straight razor using a leather? 303: Yeah. Interviewer: Leather what? 303: Leather strop. Interviewer: Okay. And what do you put in a pistol? 303: Cartridges Interviewer: Mm-kay. And. This is something that children play on it's a board that rests on a trestle and it goes up and down. 303: A seesaw. Interviewer: Okay. And if you saw some children playing on these you'd say that they were? 303: Seesawing. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Did you ever call that any other word when you were growing up? 303: I don't believe we did. Interviewer: Okay. What about something that would go around and around? 303: Around. It's a wheel I reckon. Interviewer: Okay but something that is be a board rested on a trestle then it turn around. 303: It's what you call uh Uh. I know what it is but I can't call it. Uh. Kite not a kite but a {NW} sorta made like a fan mill. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Wind turned it around and around. Interviewer: No I'm not thinking of that something that that children play on they sit on it #1 and then it # 303: #2 Oh. # Mm. Oh uh it's a Uh. It ain't a seesaw. Uh. It's a r- it's a a carnival it's a uh going around and around I forgot what they call that. #1 Crash wheel. # Interviewer: #2 You ever- # Now it's it's going not going around like that. 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Have you ever heard of a flying Jenny or a riding horse or? 303: Mm Interviewer: Anything like that? 303: No. #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Sort of a # merry-go-round that you make yourself. 303: N- no I I forgot what they call it I've heard it called too but I can't I can't call it now to save my life. Interviewer: Okay. Um. You might tie a long rope to a tree limb and put a sw- seat on it and you'd make a- 303: Swing. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And what do you carry coal in? 303: Coal bucket. Interviewer: Okay. And. On a stove what do you have that carries the smoke out? 303: Uh. Pipe. Interviewer: What kind of pipe? 303: Tin pipe. Interviewer: Okay and then the pipe fits into the? 303: Joint of the stove. Interviewer: Okay. What's the flue? 303: Flue is a is for the smoke is for the flue to come through to go out. It it lets escape the smoke. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: {NW} Protects the house. Interviewer: So the pipe fits into the flue? 303: Yes ma'am. Interviewer: Okay um. This is something you might use to carry bricks or something heavy {X} It's got a little wheel in front and two handles. 303: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 303: hand barrow. I mean wheel barrow. {C: pronunciation} Interviewer: Okay. Um. And what might you use to sharpen your tools on? 303: A grindstone. Interviewer: Okay. What about something smaller than that? 303: F- file. Interviewer: Okay you every heard of a whet? 303: Whet rock Interviewer: What's that? 303: That's to sharpen your knives with if you want to {D: it's small.} Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um. 303: {X} summertime. cut 'em up in wintertime. Interviewer: Did your wife handle all that? 303: Uh yeah. Interviewer: #1 {X} # 303: #2 Yes ma'am # Oh she {X} around thirty forty {D: hens} {D: bins and things} make my way {D: to get her so she} {X} Interviewer: {X} 303: And that's- people come {D: I'd be in there} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And I'd give 'em a can from the {X} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: {NW} Interviewer: Did you always have a garden? 303: Yes ma'am. Always had a garden ever since I come in. {D: Up until now.} Interviewer: You got one now though don't you? 303: {D: Pardon?} Interviewer: You's you have one now? 303: Yeah. Done got it planted. {NS} Interviewer: Is it not as big as- 303: No the {X} like a {X} down the road and cool rain. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Water standing in part of it. Hit the ground {X} I don't {X} twice. This {X} twice. Cuz I have it tied up on account of rain {D: packed up} and got it's hard {D: when you come up there} go in there plough it out again. Plant it over. Interviewer: Mm. What'd you say you had planted in there? 303: Uh. Corn. {D: Roasting their} corn. Beans. Cabbage. {X} potatoes. A few years of pumpkin. {X} okra and uh. A bunch of peas sowed down there {D: for the} great {X} I had put up for {X} nothing but never need to raise none and never did {X} Interviewer: You had {D: put up} for work? 303: {X} Uh. Uh. Uh. Dinner used to have 'em and I run of the trees. To plant and and I guess some {X} white lady saw them out down there. And uh then they never did come never did start out. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And I guess they must've been dead when I set 'em out. The already been all {D: over} that place down there but now they {X} if it'd lived Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Okay um. 303: {NW} Interviewer: You say you're it fits your {X} using a comb and what? 303: How's that? Interviewer: If. If a woman wanted to fix her hair she'd use a comb 303: #1 Yeah # Interviewer: #2 and a? # What else? 303: Mm. A {X} or oil or something. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about a a something that has 303: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 bristles? # 303: Or- Interviewer: Or 303: Brush. Interviewer: Okay. 303: Brush. Interviewer: And she was gonna use that you'd say she was gonna? 303: {D: When it} I don't understand it. Interviewer: If she was gonna use this brush you'd say she was gonna? 303: Brush her hair. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Okay um. The thing that that you drive around nowadays? 303: It's called a car or a truck. Interviewer: Okay. And if something was leaking and you were gonna lubricate it you'd put- 303: Mm. Interviewer: put that hard solid stuff on it. 303: That's uh uh {X} {X} not hard but it's uh. Uh. I forgot what they call it. Interviewer: What about gre- 303: Huh? Grease. Interviewer: Okay. {X} You say um the car is squeaking so I'm going to? 303: Grease it. Interviewer: Okay. And so you say yesterday he what the car? Yesterday he? 303: {X} I didn't quite understand. Interviewer: Okay say the car was squeaking yesterday so he? 303: Yeah. Well he greased it and it stopped. Interviewer: Okay. And if grease got all over your hands you say your hands were all? 303: Dirty. Interviewer: Okay or all gre- 303: Greasy. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 303: #2 Or greasy. # Interviewer: Um. What do you call the stuff that you used to burn in lamps? 303: Kerosene. Interviewer: Okay. Any other name for it? 303: The lamp oil. Interviewer: Okay. 303: Or like uh Interviewer: Okay. Do you ever um. Have you ever heard of making when you when you were growing up did you ever um do remember ever making a lamp? 303: Yes. I remember {D: nana} making a grease lamp. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Uh. Put the grease in the pan. And uh wrap it. Uh. In rags. Uh. Yarn rags if you got 'em, {D: Which seep} better than cotton rag. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: And grease it right and bring it in there and lay a piece of the {D: lard} on it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: {D: It did the pan} then set the fire and burn all day all night. Long as there was grease in the pan. Interviewer: And you call that a grease lamp? 303: Call that a grease lamp. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Inside the tire of a car you have the? Inner- What? 303: Inside. Interviewer: Yeah of the tire. Of the car. 303: Uh. I'd call it the wheel. Interviewer: Okay but inside the tire. 303: #1 The inner tube. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Okay. And. Now suppose someone had just built a boat. And they were gonna put it in the water for the first time. 303: Uh-huh. Interviewer: You'd say that they were going to? 303: Uh. {D: Go on there} put it on the water. Interviewer: Okay. Would you use another word for that? Would you say going to {X}? 303: How's that? Interviewer: Would you use another word for that? 303: Uh. Interviewer: Let's say they got a launch the boat. 303: {X} Go on and wash the boat off. Interviewer: Okay. What kind of boats um might you have like? Boat you might have to go fishing in or something like that? 303: Why. I'd forgot what they call them boats but. It's a- Uh. I got {D: just down on} {X} can't think of what it is. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um. Say that a child was just learning to dress himself. 303: Mm. Interviewer: The mother would bring in the clothes and tell him here- your clothes here 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: What i- what would you say? 303: You say well oh I brought your clothes in and uh for you to put on. Interviewer: Okay. Or you might just tell him that here? 303: Here is your clothes. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And um. If a woman wanted to buy a dress of a certain color she'd take along a little square of cloth to use as a? 303: Take along the color uh uh a little piece. to to iden- identify the dress she wanna buy. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What would you call that little piece? 303: Uh. A {X} {X} like that I don't know exactly what they- Interviewer: Yeah would call it {X} {X} 303: {D: Set a sample} Yes that's what they they call it a sample. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And she saw a dress that she liked very much she might say that dress is very? 303: Th- the that's {NW} dresses. There {X} {X} {D: buy enough}. Interviewer: Okay. And if she sees a dress that is very becoming on her she might say that that that's a very- 303: That's the very dress that I would like to choose. Interviewer: Okay. And. She might say the dress is beautiful or she might just use another word she might say the dress is pre- 303: Pretty. Interviewer: Okay. And a little girl might tell her mother Well Susie's dress was pretty but mine is even? 303: Well. I'm stalling right there. Interviewer: Okay that. What might a women wear over her dress in the kitchen? 303: Apron. Interviewer: Okay. And to sign your name in ink you'd use a? 303: Ink pen. Interviewer: Okay. And to hold a baby's diaper in place you'd use a? 303: Safety pin. Interviewer: Okay. And um. Soup that you buy usually comes in a? 303: A what'd you say? Interviewer: Soup that you buy. 303: Soup comes in a can. Interviewer: What kind of can? 303: Uh comes in a tin can. Interviewer: Okay. And a dime is worth? 303: Ten cents. Interviewer: Okay. If it was real cold outside before you went out you might put on a? 303: A coat. Interviewer: Okay. And men sometimes wear they put on a shirt and then they before they put on their coat they put on a? 303: Undershirt. Interviewer: Okay but over the shirt. Okay. Something sleeveless? 303: Is it a. They put on a. Interviewer: Say if they were wearing a a suit. 303: Um. Interviewer: To go somewhere like. 303: Well they Interviewer: We were dressing up. 303: Then they'd put on a their underwear. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Um. 303: #1 {D: First} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Uh-huh what about Um. I'm thinking of um you have on you have on a shirt. And. Then before they put on their coat they put on this little sleeveless thing. That buttons down the front. 303: That's called a a jacket. Or either. It's called something else. {X} It ain't called a scarf I don't think. Interviewer: What about vest? 303: A vest. Yeah that's what it is a vest. Interviewer: Okay. Is one of those words more old-fashioned than another? 303: Well. The old one the fashion word is a is a jacket. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Okay so you say that a suit consists of a coat a jacket and then what else? 303: S- suit. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Uh the. Uh the suit's put over the jacket. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Um. So you have the the coat and the vest and then this would be? What do you wear over your legs? What's it called? 303: Uh stockings. Interviewer: Okay but a man. Um um do you say pants or trousers or? 303: P- pants. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Or either trousers. Interviewer: Okay um. And. What you're wearing now. 303: Uh. Overalls. Interviewer: Okay. And um. Say you go outdoors in the winter without your coat. Um. You might ask someone to to go back inside and what me my coat? Go back inside and {X} 303: {X} Interviewer: Okay {X} 303: {X} Interviewer: Okay but {X} you say he went inside the house and he what me my coat? 303: {X} Interviewer: {X} 303: Bring. {X} Bring me my coat. Interviewer: Okay. So you say so then he went back inside the house and he what me my coat? He? 303: Maybe didn't find it. Interviewer: Okay but if he did find it. Then he He said he. He found it and he what it to me he? 303: I brought it to you. Interviewer: Okay. And you say here I had what you your coat here I 303: Well. You stumped me again right there. {X} Interviewer: You say here I brought you your coat here I brung you Your coat or what? 303: Um. Bring me your coat. Or. That's the nearest I know to it. Interviewer: #1 Okay it's # 303: #2 {X} # Interviewer: Huh? 303: That's the nearest I know to that answer. Interviewer: Okay. Um. You say that coat won't fit this year. but last year it what perfectly? Last year it- 303: It fit perfectly last year but {X} and it's too small. Interviewer: Okay. And. You say if you'd just bought a suit it wouldn't be an old one it would be a? 303: Newer. Interviewer: Or a new what? A new s- 303: New new suit. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And if you stuck a lot of things in your pockets it makes them 303: Uh. {X} It dresses it off. Interviewer: It what? 303: Dresses it off. If I stuck a lot of things in my pocket Interviewer: Uh-huh 303: {D: Pocketbook} knife something like that {X} Interviewer: Yeah. Okay or it makes your pockets? What out? It makes 'em. 303: It makes 'em flatten out. Interviewer: Okay what about bu- 303: {D: Bulks.} Or Interviewer: Do you say bulge out or bulge out or {C: pronunciation}? 303: Yeah bulged out. Bulged out. Interviewer: Okay. Um. You'd say well that that shirt used to fit me fine but. I washed it and it? 303: It's drawed up Interviewer: Okay or it. Another word for that it? 303: {D: Has shrinked.} Interviewer: Okay. And you say say every shirt I've washed recently has? 303: {NW} {D: Shrunk up} {X} right there Interviewer: Okay but the same word. Say it seems that every shirt I've washed recently has 303: Sh- shrunk. Interviewer: Okay. And you say I hope this new shirt won't 303: Shrink. Interviewer: Okay. If a woman likes to put on good clothes and spends a lot of time in front of the mirror making herself look pretty you say that she likes to? 303: Primp. Interviewer: Okay. Any other words for that? 303: Uh. No more that I can think. Interviewer: Okay would would you say that a man likes to primp? 303: Yes. Yeah. Some men likes to primp. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um. This is something a little {X} container that's got a little clasp on it. And. You can carry coins in. 303: Mm. It's a pocketbook. Interviewer: Okay. What about um another name for that? 303: Purse. Interviewer: Huh? 303: My let's see. I forgot the other name. Interviewer: What about something that a woman would carry over her arm? 303: That's a that's a pocketbook. Interviewer: Okay. Can you think of another name? 303: No I can't. But there is another name. But I can't think- Interviewer: #1 What about # 303: #2 of it. # Interviewer: Pur- 303: Uh Purse. Interviewer: Okay. Um. What is this is a piece of jewelry that a woman might wear around her wrist. 303: {NW} You'd call that a bracelet. Interviewer: Okay. And. This is something that's a lot of little things strung up together. And. {X} {X} 303: {X} {D: But I can't think of it} {X} Interviewer: {X} {X} {X} {X} Okay would you say string of beads or 303: String of beads. {X} string of beads. Interviewer: {X} Okay. And this is something that men used to wear to hold up their trousers. 303: Galluses. Interviewer: Okay. And if it was raining outside you might carry a? 303: Umbrella. Interviewer: A what? 303: Umbrella Interviewer: Okay. Um. And what's the last thing that you put on a bed? You know the fancy top cover. 303: Counterpane. Interviewer: Okay. And um. At the end of the day you put your head on a? 303: Pillow. Interviewer: Okay. What about something about twice as long as a pillow? 303: Bolster. Interviewer: Okay. You say how about far across did the bolster 303: #1 It # Interviewer: #2 go # 303: goes straight across from here. Interviewer: Oh I see. Do you remember having those? 303: Huh? Interviewer: Do you remember having those? 303: Yes ma'am. I remember using that. Interviewer: Okay and uh this is something that women might piece together to put on a bed for warmth. 303: Piece together. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: A spread. Interviewer: Okay what was that like? 303: Huh? Interviewer: What was the spread like? 303: Well I guess it's more like a quilt. {X} {D: That's called a spread.} Interviewer: {X} {X} {X} um material? 303: {D: Cloth.} Interviewer: What kind? {X} 303: {X} {X} Interviewer: Okay. Um. But has a fancy um design on it? Like a quilt? 303: Ye- yeah sort of yes ma'am. and it's got pretty flowers on it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay say. Um. Say you have a lot of company over you didn't have enough beds you might make a little thing on the floor for children. 303: Yes. Pallet. Interviewer: Okay. Um. {NS} And you say um. We expect a a big crop from that field this year because the soil is very? 303: Wet. Interviewer: Okay. Or. You want to say the soil is very rich. 303: #1 Oh- okay # Interviewer: #2 You say. # The soil is very- 303: Dry. Interviewer: Okay what about very fer-? 303: Huh? Interviewer: What about the word fertile? 303: Fertilize. Interviewer: Huh? 303: W- w- w- you need fertilizer. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay um. What do you call land that's lies along a stream? And that's um overflowed in the spring. 303: Well that's what they call low low place. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: And a field or in a s- side of a creek. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What's bottom land? 303: It's Interviewer: a box 303: bottom land that's uh ten fifteen twenty acres long side down in the level Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 303: #2 like this floor. # So many acres in it. It's called a bottom land. Interviewer: Is it {X} 303: A place for the water to drain. Interviewer: Okay. And what would you call the little things that they'd dig? For the water to drain off? 303: {D: Uh.} They'd call it digging a ditch. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And do you have names for different types of soil? Like soil that's- 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Very wet {X} {C: bad feedback on the tape} 303: Well Top of the land. Sandstone land. Hill land and bottom land. Interviewer: Uh-huh what's what's that first thing you reach in tops? 303: What? Interviewer: What's that first thing you reach in? Top- 303: Popular land Interviewer: What's that? 303: That's land {C:bad tape} very loose and rich. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. So it's good for? 303: {X} {C: bad tape} Interviewer: Okay. Um. What's loam? 303: Loam. Interviewer: Or loam. 303: Uh. Interviewer: Do you ever heard about a kind of soil called that? 303: A kind of soil. Interviewer: A kind of soil. 303: Ye- uh. They call it I've been uh. The soil {X} rich they call it poor land. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: It ain't rich. {X} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And you have to build it up by sowing it down and putting fertilizer on. #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 I see. # What about the other kind of land soil that is rich what do you call that? 303: Uh we call that black black dirt. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Where it's very rich. And we got a {X} {X} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: It ain't rich. {X} Have to be like {X} Interviewer: Okay. Um. What would you call a- {NS} {C: overlap} a deep narrow valley? That had been cut by a stream? And say it's about ten feet deep and ten feets across. It's in a field. 303: That would be a would be of course {C: overlap} a ditch. Interviewer: Okay. Um. What about if there'd been a heavy rainfall and the rain had cut out a little channel across a road or a field? 303: Well. That's {NS} Uh. Call it a drain. For the water to go down. {NS} {C: overlap} Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um. Now say you have a a creek. um what else might you have? 303: {NS} A creek. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Well. Uh you could say this creek running round my field or it's overflowing it coming right through my field. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: I've got to have that built up the drain. Interviewer: What about something smaller than a creek? Would you have a name for 303: #1 Branch. # Interviewer: #2 that? # 303: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # Okay. Um. Anything else? 303: Mm. N- not at Interviewer: Um. Do you ever heard of a fork? What's what's that mean? A fork. 303: A fork. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Uh that's a um {D: it goes in} the hay field. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Or it's {X} Interviewer: But talking about um {X} What are the names of some of the streams and creeks around here? 303: {D: The answer}. Interviewer: The names of some. 303: Uh. Smith Fork Creek. Interviewer: What does the fork mean there? {X} 303: Fork is creek. That means the fork is a creek is another stream running in on its side and they call that a fork in a stream of the stream. Interviewer: Oh I see. Any other creeks or streams around here? 303: Yeah there's Beech Log Branch {D: now} Beech Log Branch Interviewer: Anything else? 303: {NW} That's all I can give you on that. Interviewer: Isn't there some round round li- 303: Huh? Roun- li- uh {X} Round Lick Creek. And uh {D: Rocking} Branch Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 303: #2 Creek. # Creek. Interviewer: What does the word {D: lick you made} 303: Lake Interviewer: No lick. A round lick- 303: A round lick. They're French The name. For the person that used to live there on the and uh that's what they named it. Interviewer: I see. Okay um. What would you call a very small rise in land? 303: Rise. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: It means price? Interviewer: No. Um. Say if the land's one level but it just went up a little bit you'd call that a? That little rise would be called a? 303: Boulder bank. Interviewer: Okay. What about something that it just came up a little higher. You call it a? 303: A hill. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And to to open the door you'd take hold of the door? 303: Nub Interviewer: Okay. Do you say a word nub talking about um land? 303: Uh. I don't know that Interviewer: That doesn't sound familiar? 303: Huh? Interviewer: It doesn't sound familiar Something nub? Talking about land. 303: Uh. It call you mean {X} land? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: I've m- they call it {D: a comfort} {X} {X} You've got something sold you wanna mash it or {X} That's what the man says. Is in that. And don't you have {D: severe.} Interviewer: Yeah. 303: Or. And uh. Uh that's all I know about that. Interviewer: Okay. What about something much much bigger than a hill? You'd call that a? 303: Mountain. Interviewer: Okay. What would you call the rocky {D: climbing} mountain that drops off real sharp? 303: {NW} Call that the sharp side of the mountain. Interviewer: Okay but the rocky side that that it drops off real sharp. 303: {NW} {X} Interviewer: Would you call it a cli- 303: A quick. Interviewer: A cliff? 303: A cliff. A cliff oh. Interviewer: Okay um. And up in the mountains where the road goes across in a low place. And I'm not talking about a valley now. 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Cuz it's still up in the mountains. You call that a? 303: Swag. Interviewer: A swag? 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: What's what's that like? 303: Uh. That's the s- Just {D: stick something out} and {X} to get up on it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And uh. Sometimes a swag both ways go leading off mountain both ways. Or the {X} called {X} a swag. And on top of the mountain. Then there's I don't know nothing else. To say about it. That's all I know. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um. If you were gonna um cut some if you made a little V-shaped cut in a log. 303: In a lot? Interviewer: A log. 303: Oh. Interviewer: Would you what would you call that? 303: A V? Interviewer: Yeah. Would you have a say would you call it a no-? 303: A a knot. Interviewer: What? Notch? 303: The the knot. Interviewer: If you take a piece of wood and you cut it diagonally in from both sides would you call that a notch? Do you use that word notch? 303: N- uh yes. They wouldn't not. Interviewer: What does that mean? 303: Well. Uh. We- I don't know exactly know wha- what it mean. Wouldn't exactly know what it mean. Interviewer: Okay and. What would you call the place where boats dock where crates unload? 303: Boat dock. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And say you had a stream and it was flowing along and all of a sudden it dropped of real sharp. 303: A stream of water? Interviewer: Uh-huh. And then the water went on over this dropped. You call that a? 303: Call that a a dam. Interviewer: I'm not thinking about a dam. I'm seeing that saying that say the water is flowing along like this and all of a sudden it drops way down. And the water flows on over you call that a? 303: A range. Interviewer: No. Um. I'm thinking about when the water falls or 303: With rain? Interviewer: Huh? 303: We call it rain would Interviewer: No I'm talking about the stream. 303: A stream? We'd call that I'd call it the waterfall. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And. Now talking about roads. What would you call that um {NS} what do you call the important roads around here? 303: Well. Highway {D: setting} Interviewer: Uh-huh what's what kind of what's that made out of? You call that a? 303: {NW} It's a a major road {X} of {X} or {X} and they call it the highways {D: smoother}. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What about a road made out of that white a white or or paved road? Kind of like a sidewalk. 303: That's concrete. Interviewer: Okay you call that a concrete road then? 303: Concrete road or concrete walk. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 303: #2 Even. # whatever you want to call it. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And um. What about a little road that goes off the main road? What might you call that? 303: You call that a country road. Interviewer: Okay. And um. A road going down from the public road up to a man's house? 303: You call that a you'd call that a {D: place} I reckon. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um. What about from um from the house to a barn? A road that you could drive your truck across. 303: Well that's called a the main road. Leaving from the house to the barn Interviewer: Mm-hmm. {NS} Um. What about a road that has trees? Or a fence on both sides of it. 303: Well. I don't know what you might call it. {X} Interviewer: Do you ever use the word lane? 303: Yes. The lane. Interviewer: What does that mean? 303: That's that- can mean uh a road leading off from the main highway. You go on back up in the {D: har-} back to a man's farm. Interviewer: I see. Okay um. Something along the side of the street for people to walk on? 303: Pavement. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um. Say if you were walking on a road and a dog jumped out at you and scared you. What would you pick up and throw? 303: A rock. Interviewer: Okay. Um. So you what would you say you did you'd say you'd? 303: I'd say I {NW} hit him or knock him back he was b- biting me. Interviewer: You what? 303: I'd knock him back and Try to hit him with a rock keep him from biting me. Interviewer: Okay. Um. So you say I picked up the rock and I what? 303: Throwed it. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Say if you went up to someone's house and knocked on the door and nobody answered you'd say oh I guess he's not? 303: He's not there. Interviewer: Okay or he's not? What? Home. He's not? 303: He's not at home. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And tell me about putting milk in your coffee? You'd say some people like coffee what milk? And others 303: He like cream than the milk in the coffee. Interviewer: Okay. Or talking about milk you'd say something like milk in they coffee so you say some people like coffee wi- 303: With milk. Interviewer: Okay and others? Don't like milk in their coffee they like their coffee? 303: Straight. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Or with- not with milk but with- 303: With w- water. Interviewer: Okay um. Okay if you don't say if you don't put milk in your tea you say you drink your tea? 303: Straight. Interviewer: Or. Withou- 303: Without milk. Interviewer: Okay. Um. If somebody was walking in your direction you'd say that he was coming straight? 303: Towards me. Interviewer: Okay. And say if you happen to seen someone that you hadn't seen in a long time say you went into town and you just happen to see this person. 303: Mm. Interviewer: You hadn't planned to you might say well this morning I ran? 303: Into my friend. Interviewer: Okay. And u- if a child is given the same name that her mother has. They say that they named the child what her mother? 303: Mm. You'd call that {D: a gender} Interviewer: Okay but. Um. A little girl is given the same name that her mother had. 303: Mm. Interviewer: You'd say they named the child? 303: After her mother. Interviewer: Okay. {NS} Um. Okay uh could you tell me something about the different kinds of animals that you might have around the farm? 303: Well. {NS} Cows. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Male cow. Milk cows. Interviewer: Milk cow? 303: Me- male cow milk cows. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Any other name for milking? 303: Yeah. A male cow a some people call it a bull. Interviewer: Okay. What else would you have? 303: {NW} And uh the calves. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: A hundred and sixty pounds. two hundred pound one {X} A beef. The beef cattle. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: But I'm saving to kill it for fall and get him fat. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What would call a little female calf? 303: {X} Interviewer: A female? 303: {X} Call it a little heifer. Interviewer: What about the male? 303: We'd call it call it a calf I reckon. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um. What about the kind of animal that barks and that you might take him on hunting with you? 303: That's a coon dog or possum dog. Interviewer: Okay. 303: Whatever it is. Interviewer: Do you ever do you ever hunt for those? 303: No ma'am. Interviewer: Tell me about that. 303: Well I used to hunt 'em all the time. Dogs. Strap it track it. Run 'em sometimes five miles 'fore it's treed. And when it's treed sitting up in the tree with it's head up. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And when the {X} make a noise he'll look down to see where we at. {X} As he looks at the land you get your gun ready when he looks down. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: But you got to make a noise yous- {X} broken down {X} you step on the limbs sitting up looking. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Off the har- he won't look down at you if you make a little racket. {X} He'll look down to see see what it is. Trap him when he's looking down. Or you throw that flashlight up catch his eye before he turn his head sometime it's turning its head before you get a shot at it. Then uh. You make some more noise and be ready. And if throwing its eyes down on on the like that can see that right before you act. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Why then you're shooting right quickly. If you hit him and he jump out. Interviewer: Hmm. 303: Yep out right quick too. Don't care how high he is he's up in the tip top almost. He'll come out of there. Right on the ground. Interviewer: Yeah. Okay if you wanted your dog to attack another dog. What might you tell him? 303: You tell him to catch him. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Other names for different types of dogs like. Little mixed breed dog you might call a? 303: Do- yeah I know a lot but I can't think of it. Name. N- n- the stock of 'em? Interviewer: Um. No just what um. Let's say what would you call one of those big dogs with short hair? 303: Uh. A German police. Interviewer: Okay. Wha- what about cur- or scrub. 303: A cur. A cur dog. Interviewer: What's what's a cur dog? 303: Uh he's short-haired and uh brown or black. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And uh. Drooped ears. Crimped ears. Not straight up ears. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: {X} Drop {NS} {X} Interviewer: What about a real little dog? 303: Poodle. Interviewer: Okay but what're those little noisy dogs that #1 just barks at- # 303: #2 Oh that- # I know though but I can't call the name of it. I've seen 'em anywhere. Interviewer: Do you ever hear of a fo- {D: fost?} 303: Fo- First. Interviewer: Fost. Fost. 303: Yeah fox route feist A little {X} I've seen them. Interviewer: Little what? 303: They call 'em {D: fox trap} feist The little bitty dog that the little ear sticks up about that long. And that's small w- w- very small #1 than the # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 303: Then there's another one they call a rat dog. Or the ra- rat tail. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: He's laid on the same {X} as the that I just told you about but But he's just a little bigger. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: That's all that I can tell you about it. Interviewer: Okay um. If you had a real mean dog you might tell someone you better be careful that dog will? 303: Will bite you. Interviewer: Okay. And you say yesterday he? What the mailman yesterday he? 303: He bit the mailman yesterday. Interviewer: Okay. Now you say the mailman had to go to the doctor then after he got? 303: Home. Interviewer: Or after he got? After he was- 303: Gotten bit. Interviewer: Okay. Do you ever use the word dog bit? 303: How's that? Interviewer: You ever hear the expression dog bit? After someone got dog bit? 303: Yeah. A dog bit me. Yesterday. So on so on. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would you say that I was dog bit yesterday? 303: I was dog bit yesterday. Interviewer: Does that sound natural to you to say that? 303: Nearest I know. Interviewer: Okay um. These are animals that you might use to plow with 303: They're called. Mules. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Suppose you had two of these working together that'd be a? 303: Double team. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um. A double team? 303: Mm yes. Double team. Interviewer: How many mules is that? 303: That's two. That's what you'd call f- full team. Interviewer: How the full team is two mules? 303: Yes ma'am. Interviewer: What about four? 303: Four. Is a log wagon team. They're used for when they're hauling logs. Big logs. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: The log wagon {D: shedded.} It takes four mules t- to move. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Did you ever um hear of some another kind of animal. Um. Sort of a it's a work animal sort of resembles bulls. 303: Well they call 'em ox. Oxes. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: They put co- collars on 'em around their neck. {X} back to the wagon. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And they that's they drive four. sometimes six. Well I forgot now what they call that. The name of it when it takes the other way. But they called it the ox wagon. Sometimes it have six. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Seen a ox when I was {X} ten year old. But I ain't Seen 'em. Since. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: {NW} His wife ought to come up through the country where I live And he was a driving a herd. I believe they call 'em a herd. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And I think he had eight. And. And he was walking along behind the wagon. And the oxes was pulling. And pulling very slow. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And uh. Guess there's somebody else coming. And you'd go on the way. Same way this kinda. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Have. another buggy or wagon he'd holler {NW} {C: animal call} {NW} {C: animal call} {NW} {C: animal call} And uh. Stop. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And pull off. Then when he they got by he he hollered like a little bird again. {NW} {C: animal call} {X} Move on. {NS} Interviewer: Yeah. If you had a a cow that was expecting a calf you'd say that the cow was going to? 303: Bring calf. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And what do you call animals that you might ride? 303: Uh. Horse. Or a mule. Interviewer: Okay. Um the female would be called the? {NS} 303: Uh. The female would be called the horse. Interviewer: Is there another name for her? 303: {NW} {NW} Mm. Not any that I can think. Interviewer: What about ma- 303: Huh? Interviewer: Ma- Mare? 303: Uh. That {X} can't can't think. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about the male? 303: Well. Of a horse? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Uh. He's called a Uh s- uh some they call 'em a stud. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Any other word? 303: Mm. Not that I can think of. Interviewer: Okay. You say everyone around here likes to what horses? 303: Like to work horses. Or ride horses. Interviewer: Okay. And you say last year he what his horse every day? 303: You got me blocked. Interviewer: Last year he got on his horse and he what his horse every day? 303: It- He rode his horse. Interviewer: Okay. You basically say but I had never what the horse? 303: #1 Ro- # Interviewer: #2 I- # 303: Rode a horse. Interviewer: Okay. And if you couldn't stay on you'd say oh well? 303: I fell off or he bucked me off. Interviewer: Okay or I fell I fell off 303: On the ground. Interviewer: Okay. Um. A little child went to sleep in bed and woke up and found himself on the floor in the morning. He'd say I guess I must've? 303: Fell out. Went to sleep and fell out the bed. Interviewer: Um. The things that you put on the horse's feet to protect them. You call those? 303: That's called the shoe. Interviewer: Okay. {NS} And What about the game that you play with those? 303: Well. We'll play it uh horseshoe. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Oh I forgot what they called it. But anyhow. They call it uh I can't think of it I gots {X} I remember playing out here. Last year somebody {X} me. But I now forgot what they call that game. Interviewer: They call it pitching- 303: Pitching horseshoe. That's right. Interviewer: What about the part of the part of the horse's feet that you know they {X} 303: The hoof. Interviewer: Okay. You call those the what? 303: {NS} The hoof of the horse's feet. Interviewer: Okay. Um. {D: In all} you'd a horse would have four of these. 303: {X} Interviewer: Well he had more than one hoof. 303: Oh yeah he's- Four. Interviewer: Of what? 303: Four hooves. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Do you ever own any sheep? 303: No ma'am. Interviewer: Do you know what they call a female sheep? 303: Buck. Interviewer: What about okay what about a female? 303: {D: Nun}. Interviewer: And this is for sheep? 303: {NW} I think it is. A wether. A wether. Interviewer: A what? 303: A wether. Interviewer: What is it? 303: Yeah that's what you called. {NS} {C:bad feedback} Female. {NS} A wether. Uh. {X} {NS} {D: The light} named it a wether. And buck. Interviewer: Okay. 303: And uh o- goat. {NW} {NW} Is called a nanny. Interviewer: Okay. 303: She nanny. And uh The goat. {X} go name The {D: ancestors} Is buck. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: And uh. {X} Interviewer: Okay what about the thing sheep have on their backs? 303: Wool. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Can you tell me a little bit about hogs now? 303: Well. Hogs are raising. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And uh. You kill 'em and make meat out of 'em salt it or anything you want to. You fatten 'em. Interviewer: What do you call 'em when they're first born? 303: Pigs. {NS} Interviewer: Okay what about when they get a little older? 303: Call 'em shoats. Interviewer: About how how big is a shoat? 303: Uh thirty forty fifty pounds. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay when um What about the female? 303: Uh. {NW} They used to call 'em boar. Interviewer: Okay what if he's been altered? 303: You'd call 'em a shi- Uh. It's call it a barrow. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Okay now what about the female? 303: The fe- female you call her a sow. Interviewer: Mm-kay what if she's never been bred? 303: Well you call her a gilt. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And. Okay is there any difference in whether or not the the boar has been altered when he was little or whether he was fully grown when they altered him? 303: Well. There ain't no difference on he's called a when it's older he's called a stag. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Mm-kay um. And what do you call the stiff hairs that a hog has on its back? 303: Uh you call that. Uh. You call that hairs I reckon. Interviewer: Yeah what about bri- 303: Huh? Interviewer: {X} 303: Uh bristle. Interviewer: Okay. Um. What about the big teeth that a hog has? 303: {D: Tushes.} Interviewer: Mm-kay. And you fo- put the food for a hog in a? 303: In a In a hog trough. Interviewer: Okay. What if you had three or four of these you'd say I had three or four? 303: Troughs. Interviewer: Okay. Do you have any names for a hog that's grown up wild? 303: What's that? Interviewer: You have any names for a hog that's grown up wild? 303: Why they call uh call that a a wild hog Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um. Suppose you had a pig and you didn't him to grow up to be a boar. 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: What would you say you were gonna do to him? 303: {X} his parts. Interviewer: Okay. Any other words for that? 303: Uh castrate Interviewer: Okay. Um. What noise does a calf make when its being weened? 303: What voice? Interviewer: What noise? You'd say that the calf begin to? 303: Bellow. Interviewer: Okay. Um what about the noise a cow makes during feeding time? 303: Why. She bawl Interviewer: She what? 303: Bawl. Interviewer: Okay. 303: More for a calf at the time. Interviewer: Okay. Well um What about a noise that a horse makes? 303: {NW} I know it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: He nickers Interviewer: Okay. Um. Say if you had some horses and mules and cows and so forth they were getting hungry you'd say had to go out and feed them? 303: Uh. Go out and feed my horses cows. Interviewer: Mm-kay. What do you call it feed the stock or feed the critters or? 303: Feed the stock. Interviewer: Okay. What if you'd been talking about hens and turkeys and geese and so forth? Would you have mm- one name for all of them? 303: One name. A geese and a gander and and a goose. {X} And. That's {D: whatever I remember} about that. Interviewer: Okay. A hen on a nest of eggs is called a? 303: Sitting in. Interviewer: Okay. What- when do you keep chickens now? 303: You keep 'em in the uh you keep 'em in a pen. You need to raise yo- yo- yo- put 'em in a elevator. Interviewer: What's that like? 303: Huh? Interviewer: A chicken? You put 'em in a elevator? 303: Uh no. You put 'em in the coop. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: With the hens to raise 'em. Interviewer: What what does how does an elevator come in? 303: The elevator the elevator comes uh is a thing heats up electricity. You put your eggs in there four or five hundred or a thousand. And turn the temperature on. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: And they hatching. {X} That's for big people when they enter the business directed the business. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Well say if you had an amount of six or seven hens. Um what and you had a little building for 'em? 303: You'd call it a coop or a barn. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Or a pen either one. Interviewer: Okay. Um. You wouldn't talk about a hen house or a chicken 303: #1 A # Interviewer: #2 house # 303: hen house. Or some of 'em would call it a hen house. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. When you're eating chicken um. You know you had a bone like this? That you pull apart. 303: That's called the pulling bone. Interviewer: Okay. Are there any stories about that? Superstitions? 303: Mm- yes there's some {X} but I do- I can't tell y'all. Heard it. {X} {X} When there's {X} And uh. They had a way {D: cool it.} Somebody I don't know who it was two of 'em. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And uh. I don't know how they counted it. Which in- which in- got it and which of 'em didn't. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Okay um. What would you call the inside of the pig or calf that you eat? 303: The liver. Interviewer: Okay what- Would you talk about pluck or? parcel it or hassle it or liver lights or 303: Liver. Lights. Or either the heart. if you'd liked it. Interviewer: Okay what about the part that sometimes you eat and sometimes you stuff sausage in? 303: {NW} That's the entrail. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Do you ever hear of chit- 303: You ever hear of what? Interviewer: Chitlins? 303: Chitlin. Yeah. Interviewer: What's that? 303: That's the the entrails. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Then you wash 'em and {X}. Call 'em chitlins. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Okay if it was time to feed the stock and do your chores you'd say that it was? 303: Time to feed. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: My stock. Interviewer: Would you say it's chore time or? Farmer time or? 303: Ye- yes yes m- my time. Interviewer: Feeding time? 303: Feeding time. Interviewer: Okay. How do you call a cow? To get him to come in out of the pasture? 303: Come in out of the pasture? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Or ho- how do you call a cow? 303: You'd holler Supe {C: cow calls} Supe Supe Interviewer: Go ahead and do it. 303: Oh. {NW}{C: cow calls} Interviewer: Okay. What do you say to a cow to make her stand still while you milk her? 303: Saw Interviewer: Okay. And how do you call a calf? 303: Calf. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Sookie Sookie Sookie Sookie Interviewer: Okay. Um. What about what do you say to a horse or mule to make 'em go left or right? 303: Yee Gee Or haw. {X} {D: riding} Come right uh. Come left you say haw. Wanna go gee I say {NW} {C: cow call} Interviewer: Wanna go right? 303: Yeah. Yay. Wanna call my {D: hogs there}. {NW} {C: animal calls} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: {D: Going left} Wanna go right say {NW} {C: animal calls} {NW} {C: animal calls} {NS} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: {X} {X} left. {D: Hock} {D: hock}. Interviewer: Okay. How do you call horses to get 'em out of the pasture? 303: Uh. I can't whistle. {NW} Interviewer: {NW} 303: {X} {C: overlapping with reel} {X} {C: overlapping with reel} {X} {C: overlapping with reel} Interviewer: Okay. 303: Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. {NW} {C: horse calls} Then you whistle. {NW} {C: animal calls} Interviewer: Oh I see 303: Keep a whistle by you. Call 'em then that whistle go with it Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay um. What about when you want to get a horse started going you tell him to? 303: Giddy it up. Interviewer: Okay. Um. What about the stopping? 303: Whoa. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 303: #2 Whoa. # Interviewer: And to back him into a buggy? 303: {NW} {C: horse commands} {NW} {C: horse commands} {NS} Interviewer: He backs what then he? 303: Backs up. Interviewer: Okay. {NS} Um. How do you call hogs? 303: {NW} {C: cow call} Oh-oh I was thinking about a cow. {NW} {NS} I can think of it in a minute. Interviewer: {D: What are you gonna} calling hogs to feed 'em? 303: Oh. {NW} {C: hog calls} Interviewer: Okay. What about sheep? 303: Mm I'm {D: pulling} because I never had no sheep. Around. Interviewer: Okay. What about chickens? 303: Uh. I like chickens fried. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. How how do you call chickens? If you were gonna feed it. 303: {NW}{C: chicken calls} Interviewer: Now if you want to get your horses ready to go somewhere you'd say I want to what the horses? I want to? 303: I wanna carry my horses off and brush 'em. Interviewer: Okay. And then you wanna- 303: Hitch 'em up. Interviewer: Okay. Another word you might use? I wanna? {NS} I wanna har- 303: Oh. Interviewer: What do you put on the horse when you hitch him 303: #1 The bridle. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 303: Or headgear. Interviewer: Okay. Would you say would you call that anything else? 303: Well. Interviewer: Say you wanna harn- harness the horses? 303: Uh and. {X} going there. Interviewer: Okay. Um. When you'd when you'd ride a horse when you're {X} what do you call the things that you you hold in your hand to guide the mules. 303: The line. Interviewer: Okay. What about when you're riding on horseback? What do you guide 'em with? 303: I guide 'em with bri- bridled {X}. {X} with by the reigns. Interviewer: Okay. And what do you put your feet in? 303: Put your feed in the trough. Interviewer: You heard when you'd when you're riding on horseback what're 303: Oh uh what uh what I put my feet in? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: S- s- saddle stirrups. Interviewer: What's that? 303: Saddle stirrups. Interviewer: Okay. And. Suppose you're plowing with two horses. What do you call the one that walks in the furrow? {NW} 303: Walks in the that's {D: all false} Interviewer: Okay. Um. if something's not real close to you say it's you say it's just a little what 303: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 303: A little {X} Interviewer: Okay. And if they'd they'd been traveling {X} And hadn't finished her journey. But he still had a what? {X} You still had a? 303: {D: Saddle ahead} Aw {D: Mama saw it too} Interviewer: Okay. Um. Would you call it a fur piece or a long {X} or? 303: Oh I'd call it a sharp piece. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Something was very common? And you didn't have to look for it in a special place. You say. Oh you can find that just about 303: Anywhere. Interviewer: Okay. If someone slipped and fell this way you'd say he fell over? 303: Over. Mm. Over on his back? Interviewer: Uh-huh he said he fell over ba- 303: Fell over back. Interviewer: Okay you would say he fell back- 303: Backwards. Interviewer: Okay and this way'd be? 303: Forward. Interviewer: Okay. And. Suppose you had been fishing all day. And I asked you did you catch any fish and you say no. What {X} no? 303: No. Didn't catch you one {X} today. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Would you say nary one or not a one or? 303: I'd say. Never call it one. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Okay s- say when you're when you're plowing the the trenches that's cut by a plow you call those? 303: Furrows. Interviewer: Okay. And. if you had a good yield you'd say we raised a big? What? 303: Had a good what? Interviewer: Yeah we raised a big what of wheat? 303: Um. big crop. Interviewer: Okay. if you got rid of all the brush and trees on your land you'd say that you'd do what? 303: I've cleaned up the farm. Interviewer: Okay. Um. You know the second cutting of clover or grass. What do you call that old wide dead grass that's left alone {X} {X} 303: That's left for fertilize {D: kick} the ground. See you if you be getting some {D: pore} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. {NS} 303: {X} it's leftover. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Okay um. When it's tied up into a? 303: Bundle. Interviewer: Okay. {X} piled up into a? 303: Shot Interviewer: Mm-kay. You'd say we raised about forty what of wheat to an acre? 303: About fifty acres to the acre. Interviewer: Fifty what? 303: Fifty acres to the to the acre. Interviewer: You know when you fifty bo- 303: Huh? Interviewer: You mean you mean to say bushel. 303: #1 No yeah # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 303: Oh yeah fifty bushel. Interviewer: Okay. Um. What do you have to do with oats to separate the grain from the rest of 'em? 303: You have to scythe 'em. Interviewer: Okay so you say that oats what? What's done to oats? Oats- 303: Uh Oats {X} Interviewer: What's that? Oats? 303: Scythed by {D: fashion} Interviewer: Okay. Um. Say. {NS} Okay say that there's um something that just uh um two of us had to do today some job. You might say oh we'll have to do it. Or. Another way of saying that you might say if you were talking to me you might say 303: That's you wanna do that job get it done there Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay you might s- Would you say um Me and you oh have to do this or? You and I or how how would you say that? 303: I'd say you and I we have to do that job today. Get it out of the way. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Is that what people might people would say that to you growing up? 303: N- No uh. There was a different way they'd say that. Interviewer: And how's that? 303: We wo- we was {D: born} to do the the piece of work today. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: At the old {D:fortune lot} Interviewer: Uh-huh. And. You say if If um say you and another male had to do a job. 303: Mm. Interviewer: {X} {X} about him. You'd say This job is for? 303: For me and you to do. Interviewer: Okay. Um. okay say um talk about how tall you are. You might say well he's not as tall as? 303: As I. Interviewer: He's not as tall as? 303: As he is not as tall as I. Interviewer: Okay. but I'm not as tall as? 303: As him. Interviewer: Okay. Um. You say he could do that better than? 303: Than I. Interviewer: Okay. Um. If something belongs to me then you'd say it's? 303: Uh that's my hammer. Interviewer: Okay. Um. But if something belongs to yo- if something belongs to me you say it's mine. If something belongs to you you'd say it's? 303: That's that belongs to me. Interviewer: Okay. You say that's not mine that's? 303: That belongs to you. Interviewer: Okay. Would you say that's yours or that's yours or? {C: pronunciation} 303: That's yours. Interviewer: Okay. And if it belongs to both of us you'd say it's? 303: Uh we're partners. Interviewer: Okay. Or it's ou-? 303: I own as much as you do of it. Interviewer: Okay so it's it's not mine it's not yours it's? 303: Belongs to both of us. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Would you say it's ours or? Ours or? 303: It's ours Interviewer: Okay. 303: together. Interviewer: Okay something belongs to them then it's? 303: How's that? Interviewer: If something belongs to them. 303: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 You'd # say that it's? 303: It belongs to you. Interviewer: Okay but to group of people there you say it's It belongs to them then it's? It's not ours it's? 303: Wouldn't this belong to you then. It's not ours. Interviewer: Okay. Would you talk about it's theirs or theirs or? 303: It's theirs. Interviewer: Okay. And if something belongs to him then it's? 303: It's his. Interviewer: Okay. And if something belongs to hers to her then it's? 303: It's hers. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Say if. If people had been over to visit you and they were fixing to leave. You might ask them well when are you? 303: Well. When you coming back? Interviewer: Okay. Would you ever use the word you all or y'all or? 303: Oh- oh if there's a bunch I say you all. Interviewer: Okay. 303: And if's it's just one I'd say two I'd just say y'all. Interviewer: What's that? If there's just one 303: #1 then it's uh # Interviewer: #2 or two # 303: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 303: four or five of 'em I'd say you all come back. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: And if there's just two I say y'all come back anytime you'd like. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Say if if they'd been over a group of people had been over to see you. And um. They say they had um you asked them about where their coats were. 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: You might ask well where are 303: Where are your coat at? Interviewer: Okay. Would you say if there's a group of people would you say your coats or would you say 303: S- I'd say where are your all coats are at. Interviewer: Okay. And um. {NS} Okay what about what about if you just had two people there. You'd say where are? 303: Where is my coat? Interviewer: Okay. Um. Suppose there had been a party and you hadn't been able to go to it you would ask about the people that had gone you might ask well who? 303: Who was there? Interviewer: Okay. Would you ever say who all who was there? 303: Who all was there. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um. And suppose there was a group of children. And they obviously belonged to more than one family. 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: And you wanted t-. Would you ask um would you ask about who would you say who all's children are they? 303: Uh I'd ask Who all's children are y'all. You. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And suppose someone had made a speech that you hadn't heard. You wanted to know what he said. Would you ask what all did he say or? What did you say or? How how would you ask that? 303: What all did he say. Or what all did he talk about. Interviewer: Okay. And um. You say no one else will look out for them you say they've got to look out for? 303: Yourself. Interviewer: Okay. But talk about them you say they've 303: #1 the- them # Interviewer: #2 gotta look out # 303: they've got to got to look out for theyselves. Interviewer: Okay. And if no one else will do it for 'em you say he'd better do that? 303: Hisself. Interviewer: Okay. What's made out of flour and baked in loaves? 303: Flour. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What kind of bread? 303: Uh Interviewer: Can you? 303: light bread. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is that does that rise? 303: Ye- yes. Yes ma'am it rise. Interviewer: What's put in it to make it rise? 303: Yeast. Interviewer: Okay. What other kinds of things are made out of flour? 303: Well there's A whole lot macaroni. Made out of flour. Interviewer: What kinds of bread? 303: Uh. Yo- uh. Make light bread uh or gingerbread or Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: There's some more that I can't think of. Interviewer: What about made out of corn meal? 303: Well you can make far as I know what they call corn dumplings. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Out of the meal. Interviewer: How tell me about that how's that made? 303: Best made with meat with a ham bone when you got to use no the best meat off 'em. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And uh you cook that first then put a little salt in it then salt it up and Then get your meal and stir up. And cook that 'til it's thick Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And then uh. Roll the dough out of the meal and a little a little uh cooks. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Then drop it in there and let it cook. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: It's called meal du- dumpling. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And it's good to Interviewer: Yeah. 303: Cook with ham. Interviewer: What what other things? 303: #1 With a little- # Interviewer: #2 What about # something made out of just corn meal and salt and water? 303: That's what you call plain corn bread. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Um. What if it's just got salt and water and corn meal though? 303: And corn meal? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Any it's something that it's not hard. You can just eat it with a spoon. 303: That's corn soup. Interviewer: Corn soup? 303: Uh-huh. Interviewer: What's that like? 303: Well I don't know how they make it. I know it's called corn soup. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about mush have you ever heard of that? 303: Uh mush. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Corn meal mush or corn mush. Yeah I've eaten lots of that when I was a boy. Interviewer: What other things did your mother make out of corn meal? What about something she might fry in deep fat and you might eat with fish? 303: Well I let's see Well th- my mother always always made homemad- homemade cornbread to eat with fish. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: That she always done. Interviewer: Do you ever make something small? Like either pat it over like this? 303: What? Interviewer: Ever make something like you shape with your hands or? #1 Just a little- # 303: #2 A biscuit. # Biscuit. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: {D: I mean} {X} it's with a hand or either made with a cup. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. You ever heard of hush puppies? 303: Yes ma'am. #1 You make # Interviewer: #2 What's- # 303: that with corn. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Meal. {X} Eat. {X} Interviewer: What- what do you call that? 303: Hush puppies I think. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Okay you say that there's two kinds of two kinds of bread. Homemade bread and the kind that you buy at the store. And that's called? 303: {D: Light bread.} Interviewer: Okay. Um. What's fried in deep fat and has a hole in the center? 303: Mm. Uh. It ain't a cake but I can't call it. Interviewer: Ever hear of donuts? 303: Donuts yeah donut. You can eat a many of them. Interviewer: What about something that you might make of a batter often? Cook from oh five three or four of these at a time. Then eat it for breakfast with syrup and butter on it, 303: That's what you call flap uh uh batter cakes. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Any other names? 303: That's all I know. Interviewer: You start to say fla-? 303: Flap {X} Interviewer: #1 Flapjacks? # 303: #2 Some of 'em call 'em flap # flapjacks. {NW} That's a new thing b- back yonder I said it right. I ordered on our me- Flitter cake. That's that's old-fashioned. Interviewer: #1 Flitter? # 303: #2 Flitter # Flitter cakes for breakfast. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: With maple syrup. Interviewer: Yeah. Okay say. You you go to the store to buy some flour. And you might get a sack of flour and about how much flour would be in a in that 303: #1 Sack. # Interviewer: #2 bag? # 303: {X} For the little oh the old way is a twenty-four pound and a sack of flour or either fifty pounds. {X} Back yonder that's the way they brought it but now you can get it five pound ten pound or just more plenty size you want. Interviewer: Uh-huh. So you say that that sack contains maybe five- 303: Five pound. Interviewer: Okay. Um. What do you call the inside part of an egg? 303: {NW} Uh. It ain't the outside's called a yolk. But I forgot Interviewer: What color is the yolk? 303: The yolk's white. And the yellow is the center of the egg. Interviewer: Uh-huh. It's yellow. 303: #1 Couldn't bu- # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 303: break bust it and then. If you want fried eggs that's when you fry 'em {D: take 'em} Then if you want boiled egg put 'em in water and boil 'em hard or soft. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Then they uh {D: sat 'em} mustard anything you wanna eat 'em with. Interviewer: What if you crack 'em and let 'em fall out of the shells into hot water? 303: That's called poached. Porsh- tos- poached egg. You call it. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um. What about a kind of meat that you might boil with greens? 303: Hog jaw. Interviewer: Okay what about if it has no lean on it at all? 303: Has no meat on it? Interviewer: No lean. 303: No lean. Interviewer: Yeah it's just all fat. 303: You call it fat. Interviewer: You call it what? 303: I'd call it fat if it didn't have no lean on it. Interviewer: Okay. {NW} Um. What if it had just um some lean going through it. 303: Well you call that s- straights of lean. Interviewer: Mm-kay. 303: Straights. Interviewer: What about that you ever hear of white white meat or {D: sight} or fatback or? 303: N- no. You got me puzzled. Interviewer: When you cut the side of the hog what do you call that? 303: Cut inside. Interviewer: You'd cut the side 303: #1 Oh uh. # Interviewer: #2 of the hog. # 303: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 303: You call that a- You mean after it's been cut out? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: You'd call it a s- cut out the side of it. Oh Interviewer: Mm-kay. What do you call the kind of meat that you buy sliced thin to eat with eggs? 303: Uh. Bacon. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And what do you call the edge of the bacon that you cut off? 303: The brine rind. Interviewer: The what? 303: The rind. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And um. Say you take the trimmings and you slice 'em up and grind 'em. Season 'em. Um. What do you call that? 303: {D: Saucer.} Interviewer: Okay. And what do you call the person who sells meat? 303: Sells meat. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: That's uh the store. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. But 303: Or the produce house. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What about the man that that kills the- 303: The hog? Interviewer: Yeah. 303: {NW} Called him I can't call it now. Interviewer: What about bu- 303: Huh? The butcher. Interviewer: Okay. 303: The butcher yeah. Interviewer: Okay if the meat's been kept too long you say that then it's doesn't taste good anymore you'd say that the meat has? 303: Has gotten got old. Interviewer: Okay. Um. or another word for that? The meat has? 303: Uh it it's sw- uh dry. Interviewer: Okay what about spoiled or spiled? 303: Spoiled meat. Can't eat it. It's It's done it. Got too warm or something way another. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Okay after you butcher a hog what do you do with the meat? Make with the meat from his head? 303: Well uh. After you butcher the meat And he's cut up and put it in the smokehouse on the flat table or the flat bench. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Til that's put a little salt on him then you trim it and after you trim it you you're going in and rub some more salt on it. And pack it down in a box. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: For bacon. And you put a hundred pounds of salt on it sometimes and sometimes more. Interviewer: Okay. Is there anything do you use the head to make anything? 303: Use what? Interviewer: The meat from the hog's head. 303: Oh it makes sauce out of it. Interviewer: Mm-kay. 303: Good sauce. Interviewer: What about the um the liver. Anything made by cooking and grinding up the liver? 303: Yeah you make liver sausage. out of the liver if you want. If you like it. Interviewer: How do you make that? 303: You boil the liver. And you grind it you put sage in it you put pepper in it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Black pepper. And uh. It eats mighty good people that do it. Interviewer: Okay is there anything that has the hog's blood? 303: Uh jelly. Interviewer: What's that? 303: Jelly. Interviewer: Made out of the blood? 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: How how do you make that? 303: Well I don't know exactly how you make it but they take it and it's just like making gelatin you've seen gelatin you know know. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: A fruit gelatin. It's jelly but fix it up. And then it jellies. Then they- put uh this here spice. And then you kinda flavor they want in it. Then they freeze it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Set it in just like you making gelatin. And uh Whenever it got cold why then it you slice it out and eat it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. This is from the blood now? 303: That's right. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. They just catch it when 303: You catch it and uh when they catch it they gotta place {X} pure blood in it ain't no trash or nothing in it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: That's that takes that to make anything clean and good with what it is. Interviewer: They call this jelly or blood jelly or? 303: They call it jelly. Blood jelly. Or {NW} Some people just loves it. That flavor they give to it and all. When they get through with it you wouldn't think it's no blood. You wouldn't think the blood something of that character could be made out of it I wouldn't when I was a child. I wouldn't think l- blood wasn't good for nothing. Interviewer: Yeah. 303: You got to keep 'em you gots to be sharp now and know how it's done. Interviewer: Huh. Okay did you ever take take the juice from the liver sausage and stir it up with corn meal and maybe some hog meat. Then cook that? And then when it gets cold slice it and fry it? Do you ever hear of that? 303: No. No. Interviewer: Okay um suppose you cook butter too long and it didn't taste right. You'd say that the butter was? 303: Was molded or done got too strong. Interviewer: Mm-kay. {NS} Um. What do you call thick sour milk that you keep on hand? 303: Uh. We call it sour milk. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. It's not been hadn't been churned yet so it's not buttermilk 303: Oh it's clabber milk. Interviewer: Okay 303: Right there. Interviewer: What kind of cheese do you make from that? 303: Cheddar cheese. Interviewer: And that's clabber? 303: No well I don't know how they do it but I been told. I he- it's got to be clabber. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: To make it. It's cheddar cheese it's the other kinds. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Hoop cheese. And uh horse whole lotta people lov- love love the thicks in there but I don't care so much about it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What's the first thing you do after milking? 303: You clean your barn up or either take your milk to the house and put it in the container. Wash your bucket out and hang it up in the sun and let it stay dry. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you do to get the trash out of the milk? You have to- 303: Uh strain it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay- 303: Go through a strainer. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Okay this is something that's kind of like a fruit pie. It's baked in a deep dish and lay you you might make it out of apples say. And you put a layer of this dough in. 303: #1 You call that- # Interviewer: #2 And you put- # 303: You call that a apple cobbler. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And somebody has a real good apple type you'd say he sure likes to put away his? 303: Food. Interviewer: Okay. Do you ever use the word vittles? 303: Huh? Interviewer: You ever use the word vittles? 303: Vittles yes I- vittle Interviewer: That what does that mean? 303: Hmm? Interviewer: Vittles. 303: That means. That you fixed up your uh stuff after the people has got through eating. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Hmm. You put 'em aw- wa- way. And you call them over {X} my vittles and- throw out the g- dog's fat. You clean up your dishes. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Okay um. You might take some milk or cream mix that with some sugar and nutmeg say And then pour that over a pie. 303: You'd call that {D: Creamer} top of the pie. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: That's what I think it's called. Interviewer: Okay um. What about a sweet liquid that you might pour over pudding? 303: That's chocolate. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You call it a chocolate what? 303: Chocolate uh pudding Interviewer: Okay um. Food taken between regular meals you'd call that a? 303: Food taken between the what? Interviewer: Regular meals. Say you've already eaten dinner 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: But then you go in and you fix yourself a? 303: Snack. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And um You say this morning I what breakfast at seven o'clock? 303: I got up and got my breakfast. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh or I I what breakfast? {NW} 303: What'd I have for breakfast? Interviewer: Yeah. Um yeah. 303: Eggs and and uh bacon. Interviewer: Uh-huh. So this morning I? 303: Had eggs and bacon. And coffee Interviewer: Okay or another word to use instead of had you'd say this? Um. You say wha- what did you eat for breakfast you say this morning I? 303: Ate eggs. Interviewer: Okay. 303: Bacon. Coffee. Interviewer: Okay um. And you say yesterday about seven o'clock I had already? What breakfast? 303: I had eaten the same thing. Interviewer: Okay. And you say tomorrow I will 303: Change it up. Interviewer: And. What something else 303: #1 Eat # Interviewer: #2 I'm gonna # 303: Eat something else. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Say if you were real thirsty you might go up to the sink and pour yourself a? 303: Glass of water. Interviewer: Okay. And you might say that glass fell off the sink and? 303: Broke. Interviewer: Okay. You might s- and so you say that somebody has what that glass somebody has? 303: Somebody's broke that glass. Interviewer: Okay. Now you might say but I didn't mean to? 303: I didn't mean to. Interviewer: To what? {X} To? 303: To break it. Interviewer: Okay. Um. if I ask you How much water did you drink you might say I What a lot of water? 303: I drank three glasses of water. Interviewer: Okay. Maybe might ask me how much have you? 303: How much did you drink? Interviewer: Okay. 303: {NW} Interviewer: And um. You say we certainly have what a lot of water? We sure have? 303: Hav- we sure have had a lot of water. Interviewer: Or we sure have what a lot of water? 303: We sure have dranked a lot of water. Interviewer: Okay. If dinner was on the table. And the family was standing around waiting to begin what might you say to them? 303: I'd say y'all wash and get ready for dinner. Interviewer: Okay. Or if they're standing around the table you might tell them oh just go ahead 303: And sit down. Interviewer: Okay. So you say so then they they went ahead and? 303: Eat. Interviewer: Or they went ahead and what down? 303: And sit down. Interviewer: Okay. You say um. Nobody else was standing because they'd all? 303: Sit down. Interviewer: Okay. If you want somebody not to wait until the potatoes were passed you'd tell the person just go ahead and 303: Take out. Interviewer: Okay. Um. Or another way of saying that just go ahead and? What yourself? Just go 303: #1 He- help # Interviewer: #2 ahead and- # 303: yourselfs. Interviewer: Okay. So you say so he went ahead and what hisself? 303: Helped hisself. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And you say I ask him to pass it over to be then since he had already? What himself? 303: He had already taken it out. Interviewer: Or he'd already what hisself he'd already? 303: Helped hisself. Interviewer: Okay. Someone offers you something that you don't want. You might say no thank you I don't? 303: I don't want it or I don't need it I can't do nothing with it. Interviewer: Okay. But talking about food. 303: Oh. Well I's would say thank you. I wouldn't choose. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And if food's been cooked and served a second time you say that it's been? 303: Warmed over. Interviewer: Okay. Um. You put food in your mouth and then you begin to? 303: To eat it. Interviewer: Okay or with your teeth you begin to? 303: Uh. Uh pull it in there- Interviewer: Yeah or just see you put food in your mouth then you begin to? 303: Chew it. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And um. What do you call carrots and peas and beets and so forth you call that? Call those? 303: I'd call that vegetable. Interviewer: Okay. Would you have a different name depending on whether you grew it yourself or whether you bought it? 303: No. Interviewer: Okay what're where would you grow it? You'd call that place a? 303: A garden. Interviewer: Okay. Um. This is a a food they have in the South a lot. It's made of it's white and it's made up of ground up corn. And you might have it for breakfast. 303: You call that corn beef or corn uh I can't call it. Interviewer: What about gri-? 303: Corn grit. Interviewer: Huh? 303: Corn grit. Grits. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And what about something that you take ashes and and um get that lye you know. And take some corn and make? 303: Make hominy. Interviewer: Okay. This is a something that um is made from a grain. And yo- you take it and and boil it. And it's white. 303: Uh I know what they call that I think but I can't recall it. {D: grena-} gr- gr- let's see. {NW} I just can't call it I know what it is Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 303: #2 I- # I've eaten I've eat that stuff. Interviewer: I'm thinking of something that- 303: Put sugar and butter in it. Interviewer: Uh-huh starts with an R? 303: Huh? Interviewer: Starts with an R? #1 People in- # 303: #2 Mm? # Interviewer: in China and Japan eat it a lot? 303: No I can't can't reach it. Interviewer: I'm thinking of ri- rice or? 303: Rice. Rice. Uh. Rice. Interviewer: Did you ever have that? 303: Uh rice? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Yes ma'am. Interviewer: How wo- how would you make that? 303: Well. You put it on and boil it 'til it's done. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Then you. So when it gets done you let it stay there and still hot and put your butter and sugar in it. Stir it up. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Then you Pour it out in a white bowl and put it out on the table. There's plenty of butter in the {X} this rice and it's mighty good. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What's that called again? 303: Uh. I forgot what they what they call that. Rice. They don't call it a rice pudding. It's. I can't call it. Interviewer: Okay. Um. What're some names for whiskey or beer? That's that's made at at home? Not 303: That's w- wildcat. Interviewer: Wildcat? 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Okay any other names? 303: This. Is uh. Another name but I can't think of it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about um beer? 303: Beer is made distill it. It's cold. And. I don't know what it's made of. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do they call it when it's it's made at- 303: They call it the mash when they make it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. A mash is something that's used to make it beer or? 303: Uh whiskey. Either one. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um. If someone was cooking and made a good impression on your nostrils you'd tell someone just? 303: {NW} Interviewer: that 303: Smelling mighty good. Must be something awful good. Interviewer: Okay and you'd ask someone just? {NW} that? Would you just s- that. 303: Uh I say oh that's makes me hungry. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um. You'd crush the cane and boil the juice and make? 303: Makes solid molasses I suppose. Interviewer: Okay. Um. What else? 303: Uh it makes syrup. Or sugar. Interviewer: What's what's the difference between syrup and molasses? Might say that molasses 303: Molasses is made with uh oh ain't change made with the whole syrup it comes out of a can. And nothing mixed with it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: You call that {X} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Then it you made it all of this sugar and maple well you'd you'd call that syrup. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Okay um. You say This is an imitation maple syrup. This is gen- 303: Genuine Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 303: #2 syrup. # Interviewer: Okay. And when sugar water was pretty packaged when it was right out of the barrel. You say that it was sold? 303: Sold Sold by the pound. Interviewer: Okay. Or sold in? In b- 303: In uh. They they put it in the s- little sacks. Interviewer: Would you say sold in bulk or bulk or? {C: pronunciation} 303: Huh? Interviewer: Say it's sugar was sold in bu- 303: Uh. Now that's little unusual for me. {X} Interviewer: You'd say in bulk or in bulk or? {C: pronunciation} 303: {D: Bowl} Interviewer: Di- yo- talk about selling sugar loose? 303: Yeah. Uh you'd call it a in in a sack. A paper sack or in te- container. Interviewer: In a what? 303: In a container. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: And. Sold by the pound put in there. {NW} You call 'em a {D: hogshead} I mean uh Where they keep it at the and they call it the barrel. Interviewer: Okay. 303: And or comes out of the hogs I don't know wh- what that is. That's where they keep it at stow 'em away. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Brown sugar. White sugar and black sugar. Interviewer: Black sugar? 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: What's that like? 303: That's uh. Sugar made up sort of like brown sugar. But it's nothing. It's hard. And lumps. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: And it's It's it's it's awful black. Dark. When you put water in it you want somes use it for uh making cake flatter cake. Or- Interviewer: #1 Making what cake? # 303: #2 {X} # {D: Flatter cakes.} Why y- either put it on the stove and put water in it and melt it down as thick as you want it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: Then when it gets about where you want it just pour it out in a bowl. And you put a spoon in there and little water {D: That one's for breakfast}. Why Everything getting that what they want. And they play then get to buy the cake and put in it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Go on about their business. I like that too. Interviewer: Mm-kay um. What would you call a sweet spread made out of 303: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {D: savory} # 303: corn light bread. Interviewer: Wh- corn light bread? 303: Corn light bread. Interviewer: What's how do you make that? 303: You make it out of Interviewer: Some little little yeast Mm-hmm. 303: Salt a little pinch of salt. And you can't make it right now it takes you three days to make. Every year if it ain't hot enough you set it out in the sun. And let it rise. And uh when it rise then you take 'em and work it again. Then put it back and let it rise again. A second time. Then the second time then you take it back in the house or put it in a container and rework it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And put it put 'em up for the same things for all that to put it to make it thick enough. To when {D: stain it} when it rise up it'll be puffy. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And and if it don't fall Well that's what you want it to puff it when it gets done it stand right where it where it rested. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And that's what you call a corn light bread. Good stuff too. Interviewer: Mm. And what would you make of apples or something you might make apple butter or you might make apple- 303: Apple cider. Interviewer: Okay. What about something that you put on biscuits? 303: Butter. Or. Anything you sh- should wish on it. Interviewer: What about something kinda like jam? 303: Uh jam or jelly. Interviewer: Okay. And what do you have on a table to season your food with? You might have some? 303: Salt. Pepper. Interviewer: Okay. Now suppose there was a bowl of apples somewhere. And a child wanted one. You would tell him you would say give? 303: Uh give me a apple. Interviewer: Okay. And you say it wasn't these boys that did that it must've been one of? 303: The other boy. Interviewer: Okay. Or you point to a group. You know. 303: Um. Interviewer: And you say. What one these boys it was? 303: It was that boy there in the middle. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And you say um. Say he he didn't live here he lives and then he points and what did he say he lives? 303: He lives. Down the other way {D: mark down or whatever you} Down. He pointed out. Interviewer: Okay would you say he lives. Over. Over yonder or? 303: Over yonder. #1 O- o- o- # Interviewer: #2 Back yonder? # 303: Over yonder on the other side. Of the road. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Okay. Interviewer: You might tell someone no don't do it that way do it. 303: Do it thisaway. Interviewer: Okay. Um. You say. If you don't have any money at all. You say that you're? 303: Broke. Interviewer: Or You're not rich you're? 303: I'm not rich. I haven't haven't got haven't no I have no money. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. You'd say. If you're not rich? 303: You're poor. Interviewer: Okay. You say um. Someone who's rich having the easy life but life is hard on a man? 303: Hadn't got his clothes left on the man Interviewer: Uh-huh you say um. Um. If you're if you're poor things are kind of hard. For you. You say life is hard on a man. 303: Mm. Life is hard when I've got nothing. No {D: backers} to help none. Interviewer: Yeah. Um. Say if if you have a lot of peach trees you say he he has peach? 303: Orchard. Interviewer: Okay. And you might ask somebody if that's his orchard. And he'd tell you no I'm just a neighbor. 303: Mm. Interviewer: And he points to somebody else and he says there's the man 303: That owns the peach orchard. Interviewer: Okay. Um. You say when when I was a child my father was poor. But next door was a child? 303: His they were poor too. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay um. They're talking not about the child but about his father. 303: #1 {D: Father} # Interviewer: #2 Say # When I was a child my father was poor. 303: Yeah. Interviewer: But next door was a child. 303: He was poor. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay um. You said. My mother's not a nurse but I have a friend? 303: Is a nurse. Interviewer: Okay. Or not my friend is a nurse I'm talking about my friend's mother. 303: Mm. Interviewer: You say my mother's not a nurse but I have a friend? 303: Is it is a nurse. Interviewer: Okay. Um. The inside of a cherry the part that you don't eat. 303: Inside of what? Interviewer: A cherry. 303: That's the seed. Interviewer: Okay. What about a peach? 303: The seed. Interviewer: Mm-kay. What about a kind of peach that the s- the seed is 303: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 the- # Huh? 303: Purple? Interviewer: Okay wh- the kind that the seed is real tight against the flesh is real tight against the seed. 303: That's uh plum peach. Interviewer: Okay. What about the other kind? 303: Freestone. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And what do you call the part of the apple that you don't eat? 303: Core. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And when you cut out the apples and dry them you say you're making? 303: Fixing. To dry some apples. To make a pie. Interviewer: Mm-kay um. What kind of nuts do you pull up out of the ground and roast? 303: What kind of what? Interviewer: Nuts. 303: That's peanuts. Interviewer: Okay any other name for them? 303: Goobers. Interviewer: What's that? 303: Goobers. Interviewer: Okay. Um. What nuts do you have growing on trees around here? 303: That's uh. chickpea and hog acorn Interviewer: And hog what? 303: Hog acorn. {X} Interviewer: It's hog 303: #1 Yeah that- # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 303: That's what you call a hog acorn. Chinquapin A little round. Thing with hull on 'em. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 303: #2 That's- # right slick. {X} Or. Maybe they don't have a little hog on 'em but when they fall. They fall {D: over here} hogs eat them. And eats acorns. They're flat and got a top on 'em. Just like a basket. {D: fix it} When they fall Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: The top comes off again and that's what you call a hog acorn acorn. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Hogs live on that. Grow on 'em. Or the plenty of live off. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What about the kind that um. It'll stain your hand. 303: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Uh-huh. 303: {D: one of us} White one. And black one. The white one stain your hand it's a same as a the black one so we have to fool with 'em When they taking the top off of it. Off. Interviewer: What do you call 303: #1 If they're- # Interviewer: #2 that? # 303: green if they're dry they don't bother us. Interviewer: What do you call that top that you take off? 303: That's a hub. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Then you still have another {X} on the on it don't you? 303: That's wha- the {D: walnut} to uh {D: walnut hub} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: They call that a {D: hickory cub} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay this is another kind of nut. That grows down south. You might have it around Christmas. 303: That's what you call a a I know the name but I can't call it. Interviewer: What about starts with a P. 303: Uh? Interviewer: What about starts with a P. 303: P. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Peanut. Interviewer: Okay what about pec- pecans or- 303: #1 Pecans. # Interviewer: #2 pecans? {C: pronunciation} # 303: And uh There's another nut I forgot what they call it chinquapin. Interviewer: Mm-hmm do you eat those? 303: Yes ma'am. When you can get 'em they're mighty scarce. Cost about tw- two dollars a pound. If you get 'em now. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Used to get to pick 'em up mm all you want on on these hills. Back down this other way. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Go out there and pick up all you wanted in the fall of the year. And you're gonna pick 'em up uh fall of the year and they've got a hull on 'em. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And they stick you it's like a sticking weed. Stinging weed. And um. You gonna have to wait 'til they fall to get 'em. Interviewer: What kind of tree do they grow on? 303: Chinquapin Oh not a chinquapin but uh chestnut tree. Interviewer: #1 That's- # 303: #2 Get # {D: you go on there} A big it's got a big thick bark on it. Sort of like bark on it look sort of like the bark on a oak tree. On. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Thick bark. Channels. Stripes runs up and down. Interviewer: Okay what about this kind of nut that's flat and sort of shaped like a person's eye? 303: Nah let's see uh. I can't can't get you on that. I can't can't. Interviewer: You ever heard of almonds or almonds? {C: pronunciation} 303: Almonds. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Or al- almonds. Interviewer: You you heard of those? 303: Yeah I've heard of 'em but I've never seen 'em. Interviewer: What what did you hear it called? {NS} Uh. 303: I can't exactly tell you what. I know it but I just can't get together. It's called. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay this is a kind of fruit. It grows down in Florida. 303: Eh what kind of fruit? Interviewer: It's a kind of fruit that grows in Florida. 303: Uh I couldn't tell you that's getting too hard out of my reach. Interviewer: What's 303: #1 {D: you got} # Interviewer: #2 Oh yes # 303: oranges. Interviewer: Okay. 303: Yes that's right. Interviewer: Okay supposed you had a bowl of these. Standing somewhere and you went in to get one one day. And there weren't any left you'd say the oranges are? 303: Uh. Interviewer: #1 {X} # 303: #2 Gone. # Or rotten. Interviewer: Okay or all? 303: All gone. Interviewer: Okay. This is a little red vegetable that you might grow in your garden. It's a little root vegetable. 303: Mm. {NS} Um. {NS} That's. that's it's uh. 303: {NS} A acre or two acres there And then down and I stayed out there and I worked for a German. Interviewer: You worked for? 303: A German Interviewer: Uh-huh 303: And uh his wife I went on town to take a load of wheat And I seen this. and I've cut back I was telling her about it. And she {NS} said oh said I said what is that bunched up that a way she says it's pie plant. Says that man got three or four acres and I said I see it. {X} I'm make your pie out of it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And uh she made me a pie out of that thing. And it's the best pie I ever eat. It was good. Put butter and sugar in it. {X} Interviewer: #1 Lots of leaves # 303: #2 {X} # Yeah just the leaves Interviewer: Uh-huh 303: {X} And they set it out there And uh {NS} Just a little of it. You can make it as strong as you want to. You can put in a little And and inside of the pie of what you're going to make. And boil it until the juice comes out. Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: Then when the juice comes out you can use the juice and put it in a pan. Put your stuff in. What you wanna put in. And set it in there. Cook it. and uh When you've got put plenty sugar in there. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and butter to make it good. And uh cooks about three hours. Takes three hours to cook it. And when it gets done you've got something good. {NS} It's tween the salt it tastes like lemon. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: You ever taste a lemon? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Uh. Juice or or lemon out of a out of a store It sort of tastes plain lemon and something else I had to {X} when I but I forgot the other flavor it tastes like and and it's. She flavored it. She knew how to make it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And it was the best thing I ever ate. It's called pie plant. Interviewer: Mm-hmm Is this something that just would You said these 303: #1 It grows it grows in # Interviewer: #2 people would # 303: {NW} Over in the field lots. And uh you need a I don't know never stayed there I stayed there about a year I never know where the seed come from I can't tell you. But there's pie- pie plant. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And they get the seed somewhere either get the roots or I know that it's seed. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: in the following year then can go on replant another pack of it and get the seed from th- {X} {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: this year for the next year. Interviewer: Um. You say this man that you worked for was Ge- 303: German. That's- Interviewer: Is this something that just the German people would do or? 303: Well uh these folks out here got to using it now. Uh it's scattered everywhere. There's a white lady down there in that part of town she got five plants out down there by one to the goal And she says she's gonna. Say you pull me up something now you gonna break me off some and wash it. You give it to me. And see if I can make me a pie out of it and set it. She did and she can make a pie. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and and uh yeah She said she can give me a a plant of it this fall. So I ain't never got any. Well if you still down that her her it ain't in the yard it's down the outside fence down by by an old barn. Another barn near the smokehouse {NS} Interviewer: Let's see. Okay um What's about something little red thing that would grow in the ground? and you might put it in a 303: Oh that's a uh radish. {NS} Interviewer: What was that? 303: Radishes Interviewer: Okay um It's something that would grow it's red and it would grow up on a bush that you'd stake up. 303: Wouldn't be a blackberry would it? Interviewer: No it's it's a big red thing you might grow in a garden. 303: {NW} Interviewer: You can buy these plants and set 'em out. 303: {NW} Interviewer: or grow it from seeds {NS} 303: Well you got me there. Interviewer: It's something you might make put in um oh. It's a big leafy plant that's you'd stake up. 303: hmm Interviewer: In summer these will grow on the plant. 303: hmm Interviewer: and um you could slice 'em and eat 'em on lettuce or 303: hmm hmm {NS} {X} Interviewer: What are some things that you'd grow in a garden that are red? {NS} 303: red onions you grow Interviewer: {NS} {NS} 303: beets and and beets make pickle out of them Interviewer: uh 303: Then you grow these here what did I call 'em radishes. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: That's two two things red. In the ground you pull 'em up Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: It's sort of like a turnip. Uh And you peel 'em Interviewer: uh-huh 303: cook 'em about three hours 'til they're done. Then you fix a vinegar and put your soup in it. Then put the then never get rid of them you put the top on. Screw it down then you have pickle all year if you want. Or you from the beets Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: You put these red s- to eat or- or beans and onions. Garden times when that's out. When they don't put them up. Interviewer: #1 What about something # 303: #2 mm-hmm # Interviewer: that's red and doesn't grow in the ground? That just grows on a regular plant. 303: {NW} Wouldn't be a flower of some kind would it? Interviewer: No I'm thinking of to-tomatoes. 303: oh tomato {NS} Interviewer: What kinds of #1 available # 303: #2 They've got red. # red tomatoes or yellow tomato Interviewer: uh-huh 303: That's two kind. Interviewer: What about those little ones that don't ever get much bigger than this? 303: They call them uh tomato Interviewer: Okay um And I mentioned potatoes. What kinds of potatoes are there? 303: Irish potatoes Interviewer: mm-hmm What about the ones that have yellow meat inside? 303: Uh I forgot the name of that. It ain't the Irish cobbler and it ain't the burbanks. But the potato of that kind I it came to Crane Mountain. But now the one's you talking about I can't tell you. Interviewer: What about um now you mentioned an oven that you might use and and you cook things in it in front of the fireplace 303: yeah Interviewer: Did you ever put some a certain kind of potato 303: Put sweet potatoes in it. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: And wash 'em and grease 'em. And uh put your uh um I had this before. Whole lot of coal {NS} and when you go in get your taters ready you in put your coals out here on the hearth. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: Then you get your oven. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: Then sit right over the got legs on about like that. Interviewer: yes 303: about t- two or three inches you thr-three or four of 'em. Three legs Interviewer: uh-huh 303: And that's about a lid that sits over it. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: That's got a got a handle right in the center the top. And you take uh poker Interviewer: mm-hmm. {NS} 303: Uh uh pot lift it was called Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and uh {NS} when you put the thing it was sort of long Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: then we got your got your taters then you put that on your taters that pot lift and called 'em tents just red and hot and yellow when you take it off Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: then you take your shoe on and go back to your fireplace and uh sprinkle all in over that 'til the lid's coal the fire coal charcoal n- I mean fire coal and uh when you do that {NS} you let it sit there two three two and a half to three hours. Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: And you go back to take that thing and lift it off quite easy and set it down if you want to if you just want to feel see if the potatoes are done. Just mash one with your sole. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Take your poker then turn that over right back in the ash. back in the in the place where you got it in the fire place. Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: And you take the and get a pan take your sweet potatoes out. lay 'em like you want Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: And if you want to put your bread in and cook your bread in that if you want to cornbread {X} {NS} Interviewer: or what what else? 303: dodges Interviewer: uh-huh 303: uh they make 'em up in this this round sharp it bolts in {NS} right round Interviewer: #1 just with your hands # 303: #2 {X} # Just make 'em with your hands. But dog 'em the other way 'til 'til they get round and when they get round nice and round you just lay three or four in there. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: And you don't lay 'em on top of one. You wouldn't do cause the other one wouldn't cook right. And so you just lay 'em in the skillet. Then put your lid back on. And get your fire. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: Put on the lid. {NS} you done got enough for a hundred down there of them potatoes. and uh {NS} and uh and you you get your pot lifters and uh hang in that thing put it on. And you done throwing the fire coal off in there and you have to move back there and then you get you some new coals to put on top of your lid. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And let it stay there for about thirty or forty maybe forty minutes. And it's ready for dinner. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And if y'all want some biscuits you've got another one. Do it the same way. Interviewer: hmm 303: And you've got your biscuit. And if y'all want flat cake Interviewer: #1 What's a flat cake? # 303: #2 then you make it flat. # That's a {NS} let's say as big as a as a skillet is or either What did I call this thing? Interviewer: Oven. 303: Oven big as the oven is. You can make it this thick. Make it about that thick. #1 And make it # Interviewer: #2 {X} # this thick 303: That was about three inches see. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and then get your fire going. And don't get too much under it do it'll burn. Burn the bottom before it cooks the top. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: You just want a little fire in the bottom you want to take all that fire out and just put- put back some fresh coal just a little. enough to brown the bottom half of the biscuit And then you put your mostly fire on top. And that top's what gets them biscuits to swell and and gets a little hotter while then they brown. Just like gingerbread they brown as a brown as you want. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: {NW} I like my biscuits white. Now back yonder I remember eating so my mother would would say {NS} just so they swell just so they hit the last peak of swelling Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And they're half roll in that's the way I love 'em. but uh she had a family of ten. And she had to cook my biscuit by itself cuz I didn't I saw mine got raise and got white I call 'em white biscuit. Then and th-they eat the white biscuit not I'm not I eat the white biscuit and they eat the brown biscuit. Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: That's a different in one of the other families curious to know there's always one. Interviewer: yeah {NS} 303: curious about they eat Some won't eat this. Some won't won't eat that. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And uh I like my biscuit and they say that's a {X} half raw dough. But I want to know when if there's more than only butter in 'em in there {X} and I could eat seven or eight of 'em every morning for breakfast. Interviewer: yeah What um what color was your sweet potatoes? 303: the- we had uh the moldy tater. Interviewer: the what? 303: The moldy tater was uh a dark blue tater. And the yam the yellow yam tater is yellow looking. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and uh The Nancy Hall was yellow. Interviewer: What about just a sweet potato that you mentioned 303: just a pure sweet potato? Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 303: #2 oh # Uh th- the pure sweet potato uh I'd call it a southern queen. There's a there's a white looking tater. That's the best tater. Beats them yam Them yam's a good potato but now people now you got and ain't them potatoes in this country no more. Interviewer: #1 what # 303: #2 They # can't get the seeds of 'em. {NW} {NS} The queen Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: White queen we called It's the best tater. When it gets done molasses soft you just want to delve in 'em. And they just as sweetest sugar. And just as soft as they can be if you got butter. if you like 'em with butter in {NS} You just don't know when to quit. Cuz they are good. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: I raise some. In my time of 'em a good worker can get the seed and so I You can't find 'em no where. They just qui- quit sending 'em out. {NS} Interviewer: What about onions? 303: Well there's red onions and there's a white onion. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: The red onion keeps the best. The white onion {NS} makes the biggest onion. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: But it it don't don't keep like the red onion. And that's why I like the red onions best. You you can keep it. And it's the strongest. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: The white onion ain't as strong as it- a red onion Interviewer: What about the little onions that you just eat fresh? 303: That's what they call garden onions. They're set- set onion. You s- you set them up with s- no set no can't to set up Interviewer: Those little green ones that you just #1 eat eat 'em raw # 303: #2 I know what you're talking about. # They're I forget what they call that. uh yeah them's slip onions. #1 They called # Interviewer: #2 oh # 303: the slip slip onions {NS} Interviewer: Those are the small ones? 303: Yes ma'am that's what they call a slip onion. Interviewer: Okay um 303: grow 'em in the garden I went out and pulled up a mini one. Used to wash 'em off and cut 'em up {NS} and get 'em ready for dinner. I have beans and cabbage a big pot of cabbage and bean. {NS} And I'd eat about two or three of 'em. {X} I liked it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm {NS} Okay you'd say um if you you said the skin of that dried apple was all what up? 303: skin of that dried apple Interviewer: Yeah it gets all small. You'd say it was all it 303: peeled Interviewer: Okay or when it gets smaller you say it it 303: {NW} Interviewer: Okay say say if you're frying bacon 303: mm Interviewer: bacon gets smaller 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: when you fried it. 303: yeah Interviewer: You say that it did what up in 303: It's uh it's drolled up. Interviewer: Okay. Or another word you might use is 303: it's uh The grease has come running. Interviewer: uh-huh Would you say it shrivels up or swi- #1 -vels up? # 303: #2 swivels squiggles up # Interviewer: What's that? 303: Squiggles up. Interviewer: okay 303: droles up you might say I- I'd call it. {NS} Interviewer: Okay um {NS} Okay talk about cabbage. You mentioned a cabbage huh 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: You'd say um. You might- You might say I like these what? {NS} 303: I like these cabbage. Interviewer: Okay and talking about how big they were you say these cabbage 303: {X} Interviewer: Okay or um these cabbage what? big these cabbage {NS} 303: can go in a f- I can't. Can't think what it is. Interviewer: Okay um If you wanted to get beans out of the pods by hand you'd say you had to 303: get a ladle ladle Interviewer: Get a what? 303: A ladle dip 'em out with just a long handle about that long Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 303: #2 {NW} # round you got the little holes in the bottom of it You dip it in the pot and put 'em in the bowl. Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 303: a ladle Interviewer: Okay um But before that when you just you just picked the beans then you have to 303: string 'em have to string 'em and break 'em Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: Then wash 'em then ready for the pot. Interviewer: Okay Is there another word you'd use would you say you you have to 303: Yes {NW} Interviewer: shell 'em or hull 'em 303: Oh oh yeah you yes yeah let alone you have to shell 'em Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Okay and what kind of beans are there? the kinds that you what about the the ya- large flat bean? It-it's the seed that you eat. {NS} 303: {X} I know what it is but I- I can't call or name it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm talk about butter beans or lima #1 beans # 303: #2 butter # butter beans well and lima beans {NS} and uh you got uh pole bean Interviewer: What's the difference in butter beans and lima beans? {NS} 303: Whole lot is different. A butter beans flat. and a lima bean partly flat in a way but they mostly round. Interviewer: Mm-hmm What color are they? 303: the lima bean? Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: White Interviewer: What about the butter bean? 303: White or brown? {NW} The brown {NS} butter bean is sweet but white butter bean is thick. The white butter bean's the best {X} colored butter bean {NW} It tastes about the same. It ain't much different than. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. {NS} What about the kind of beans that you eat the pod and all? {NS} 303: That's a called it I forgot now. Unbreakable. {NS} Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: I think what they called it unbreakable bean {NS} Interviewer: You talk about string bean or snap bean or 303: s-s- #1 snap # Interviewer: #2 green beans # 303: snap bean Interviewer: What are snap beans? 303: Well you {X} {NW} then you have to string 'em. {NS} And after you string 'em then you break 'em up wash 'em and put 'em in {X} them put 'em in the pot. Interviewer: Okay. Um you say you take the tops of turnips cook them and make a mess of 303: Tops of turnip? Interviewer: Uh-huh 303: That's salad then. Interviewer: Okay any other greens that you use besides turnip tops? 303: There's there's uh {NS} there's uh {NW} turnip uh r-rape they call it salad Interviewer: What's that? 303: rape {NS} It comes up in bunches just like turnip salad. Interviewer: You call that ra- 303: Rape rape. Rape salad and you sow it just like you do with turnip salad. Ain't no different {X} it's white looking. And the turnip salad's a little darker. But you and it's slick. {NW} when it droles up big enough to eat his his light Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: and uh slick it ain't rough no wrinkles in it like turnip salad and it's just I like it better than I do turnip salad {X} Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: But some people mix it {NS} Interviewer: {NS} What's what's that? #1 {X} # 303: #2 mix # Interviewer: What do they mix? 303: What? What did you say? Interviewer: What what is it that they mix? 303: different {NS} You said what is the difference in- Interviewer: No what is it that they mix? #1 You say something was # 303: #2 oh # They they mix turnip salad and and and crepe salad together. Uh uh they would they don't don't let a fool mess everything They mix it you know. And wash it and put it in the pot together and cook together. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and mix it mighty good them likes it that way Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: I- I like it just like it is. {NW} But I can eat it mixed but I- I like it straight just like it is. Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay um if- So if someone had seven boys and seven girls you'd say that he had a what of children? 303: He had a bunch of children. Interviewer: Okay. Would you ever use the word passel? 303: again Interviewer: Would you ever use the word passel? 303: Passel. Interviewer: Passel. 303: Passel. Interviewer: Uh-huh talk about passel of children. 303: Oh No I don't know what you might call that. Interviewer: Okay. What would you call the outside of an ear of corn? {NW} 303: uh the grain {NS} Interviewer: No the part that you have to pull off the green covering 303: oh shuck {NS} Interviewer: Okay. And what do you call the kind of corn that's tender enough to eat just off the cob? 303: Uh tha- that's called {NS} uh uh I forgot what to call that. It's I- It's too tender for a roof in here. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Ever heard of mutton corn? 303: No. Interviewer: or green corn or sugar corn or corn on the cob 303: It's corn on cob is a {NS} It's two or three kinds of {X} Interviewer: it's what 303: hickory cane Interviewer: Uh-huh 303: and then Neal paymaster Interviewer: What what is this kinds of 303: Uh and uh Uh there's two or three more I can't call it. Interviewer: Two or three more what? 303: different kind Interviewer: kinds of corn? 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Okay um What do you call the top of the corn stalk? {NS} 303: That's uh I'd call it the top the the tassel Interviewer: Okay. And the stringy stuff that you had to take off the corn off the ear 303: si- silk {NS} Interviewer: Okay. 303: The silk. Interviewer: And this is something that you make pie out of at Thanksgiving. 303: {NW} Interviewer: big orange thing 303: {NW} Let's see. Interviewer: I think you said you have some planted in your garden. 303: Uh I can't think {NS} Interviewer: Pum- {NS} 303: let's see pum- pumpkin Interviewer: Okay um. {NW} Well what about something little small yellow {NS} um crooked necked vegetable? 303: uh I'd call that a squash. Interviewer: Okay. 303: I either call it the sweet potato pumpkin Interviewer: the sweet what 303: sweet potato pumpkin Interviewer: What's what's the difference between that and squash? 303: Well they ain't much different only the sweet potato pumpkin {NW} is three times bigger than squash. Interviewer: Is that round or- 303: They're they're round and crook around that a way just like that. looks like a d-dipper on down. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: And grows up to weigh eight fifteen- fifteen pounds. Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: And I raised lot of 'em down here last year. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Give 'em away people make They make us buy pie just like sweet potato do. Ain't no different there. They know how to make the best sweet potato pie. Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: That's what they call a sweet potato pumpkin. Interviewer: Mm-hmm Okay now what kind of melons might you raise? 303: {NW} I believe few watermelons uh They're really something. I oh and I forgot the other name. Interviewer: What other kinds of melons? 303: huh Interviewer: What other kinds of melons? 303: A melon we raise? Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: Well now there uh I don't know the name of this melon but just {NS} th-this melon is around {NS} and uh it's more like a bucket. It ain't no long melon it's just a round big melon and it's yellow as a gourd yellower than a cherry is and it's the best melon I ever eat. {NS} but now the people {NS} over in here and them over there they've they never seen one. They don't know nothing about that. But I do. Interviewer: #1 What do you- # 303: #2 I # I've eat 'em {X} few of 'em put them in the Spring {NS} When you was on the farm and I'd go up there in the Spring put me one in there. Sometimes put in two. And they sweet as sugar. Almost and it's just melon as they can be. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. You say people don't know about #1 those around here? # 303: #2 No and ain't # nobody know nothing about that they can't nothing person old enough to remember that. Interviewer: #1 yeah # 303: #2 around here # {NS} Interviewer: Did they have a name to 'em? 303: They had a name but I can't can't call or name it. Interviewer: Was it mu- 303: huh? Interviewer: musk? 303: No. Interviewer: muskmelon or #1 mushmelon # 303: #2 No it wasn't # Interviewer: no mushmelon cantaloupe 303: It wasn't no cantaloupe. It's just a yellow meat watermelon. It's just as yellow as that chair. Or yellow he be yellower than them them curtains hanging up. And just the deep yellow. And it it didn't grow like these watermelon growing now a long way. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: these little short round and striped and yellow and all like that This was a melon that was just solid didn't have on there a stripe on it nowhere. Just solid. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And uh. We raised 'em. Lived on white person's farm. {NS} And he let us raise 'em. {NS} And uh {NS} we'd give them them that {X} we won't ever tell 'em knowing just what they wanted. We all eat out of them farms. The whole family two family And then there's the best thing that I ever eat. Hmm. What about other kinds of melon besides watermelon? {NS} 303: Well there were mushmelons. cue there's cue Interviewer: There's a mushmelon that's what? 303: There's a mushmelon that's pretty good and uh I went to name it but the name is cue mushmelon. {NS} And they sort of a like only they just sweeter and better. Interviewer: #1 You call those # 303: #2 Cue # Cue. The cue melon. They're slick. and these other melons mushmelon is rough. kind of rough rough skin on the outside These others are just as slick as that that floor over there. Just slick. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: {X} Bigger so slick But they're better. Interviewer: Mm-hmm What about cantaloupe? 303: The cantaloupes is alright. {NS} They're sweet Interviewer: What's the- What's the difference between them and mushmelons? 303: Well I think too much different {X} a cantaloupe's is heaps of sweet. {X} Just don't look different. {NS} Interviewer: Okay um. This is something that you might find growing up in the woods or fields after it rains. And it's got a little stem to it. And it's got a little 303: hmm Interviewer: cap on it sort of like a- an umbrella. {NS} 303: or is that ginseng? Interviewer: No I think it's something else. It- it's sort of shaped like an umbrella. 303: {NW} Interviewer: You ever heard of mush 303: I can't reach on that. Interviewer: mushroom or 303: #1 mush # Interviewer: #2 mu- # 303: mush {NW} I can't get that. {NW} {NS} Interviewer: You ever heard of mushroom or 303: yes I've heared it. But I {NS} {X} know what it is or what I'm talking about. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: On Interviewer: You ever heard of a a toad stool or frog bench or- 303: Yes I've seen them up. {NS} So I had to get my mother to fry me some of 'em and she wouldn't do it. Frog stool. Interviewer: Uh-huh. {NS} 303: And I've tasted and eat some of these some says it's poison but it didn't hurt me. Interviewer: Yeah. 303: I eat it raw and just My mother wouldn't cook it for me {NS} I'd go out there and get around and the old stump get a piece sometimes be {NS} top of that book Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: Pull it off and break it. Eat it. {NS} And giving it a little salt. And eat it and sometimes {X} ain't got no taste to it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: After you dry smother it and f-find out what you eating. {NW} Interviewer: {NW} 303: It's this sort of s- made like something that's tasteless. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. {NS} {NW} 303: There was one down here. the other day I told that boy let it stay there I might take it out and eat it. or play with him children up here comes down here and plays a lot. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: I told him left alone I might eat it. Interviewer: Okay um. {NS} You say he um. That piece of meat got stuck in his throat and he couldn't what? 303: Couldn't cough it out. Interviewer: Okay. You say he could chew it but he couldn't. 303: Swallow it. {NS} Interviewer: Okay um. And what's What do people smoke that's made out of tobacco? {NS} 303: What's a Interviewer: That people smoke made out of tobacco. 303: Oh. {NS} Smoke made out of tobacco. Interviewer: Uh-huh. {NS} 303: That's uh {NS} tobacco I reckon. Interviewer: Okay but it comes in what? 303: Can. Interviewer: Okay but those long white things that come in a package you'd call those 303: Cigarettes. Interviewer: Okay and then what about those brown things? 303: Uh cigarette holder? Interviewer: Okay but brown things thicker than cigarettes 303: Uh Interviewer: The men would smoke 'em. 303: I forgotten how what they call that. The tip. to hold a cigar Interviewer: No. The- to hold a what? 303: Cigar. Interviewer: Okay um. {NS} Suppose I might offer to do you a favor. You'd say well I appreciate it but I don't want to be what? 303: Don't want to be in to {X} Interviewer: Okay or you say like you don't want to feel like then you have to do something for the person. You'd say I don't want to be what to nobody? I don't want to be {NS} 303: Be no trouble. Interviewer: Okay. Or would you say I don't want to be beholden or I don't want to be obligated? 303: Yeah I don't want to be obligated or beholden. Interviewer: Okay um. So if I ask you about whether or not you're able to do a certain job and you tell 'em sure I 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: do it. Sure I {NS} 303: I do it if I'm able. Interviewer: Okay. And ask you um can you do that? And you'd say no I {NS} 303: I can't do it. Interviewer: Okay or you'd say yes I {NS} 303: I- I can. Interviewer: Okay um. {NS} Okay um someone. say- say it was a real bad bad accident 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: up the road and then you say There was no need to to call the- a doctor because the victim was what? 303: Dead. Interviewer: was what dead bef- by the time we got there? He was 303: He was passed. Interviewer: Okay um. {NS} Okay you say that dangerous situation he what to be careful he {NS} 303: {X} Interviewer: {X} And you say I'll dare you to go through the graveyard at night but I'll bet you {NS} what? 303: {NW} Something'll get you. Interviewer: Huh okay um {NS} Would you say I'll bet you dasen't or I bet you daren't or? 303: to go Interviewer: Yeah how would you say that I bet you 303: I bet you {NS} you wouldn't go by yourself. Interviewer: Okay um say um. {NS} You might tell a child well {NS} You aren't doing what you {NS} what to do? 303: supposed to do Interviewer: okay um {NS} You say if a boy got a whipping you'd say well I bet he did something he 303: Didn't. {X} He done something that it wasn't suitable. Interviewer: Okay you'd say um Okay you might tell someone you're not doing what you ought to do or. Okay using that word ought. Um you'd say I bet he did something he 303: Didn't ought or didn't uh {NS} wa-wasn't supposed to be done. Interviewer: Okay or didn't or what did you start to say 303: {NW} He done something he wasn't supposed to do. Interviewer: Okay but use uh another word for that. He done something he 303: He aught not to done. Interviewer: Okay um. {NS} You might tell someone now no matter how many times you ask me to do that I just {NS} 303: Can't do it. Interviewer: Or I just. {NS} Someone says will you do that and you say no I 303: No I can't do it. Interviewer: Or it's not that you can't. It's it's that you just 303: I just can't Interviewer: Okay. Or if {NS} talking about is if I say I just will not do that or I just wo- 303: W-well I just {NS} Can not do that. Interviewer: Okay but Okay and suppose someone asked you to do something that you can do but for some reason you just opposed to doing that. You say um {NS} that you you decided that you're just not going to do that. And You tell someone um no matter how many times you ask me to do that I just 303: can not do it Interviewer: or I just won't 303: just won't do it Interviewer: Okay um. Suppose you had done some real hard work all by yourself and {NS} all the time you were working like {NS} uh maybe changing a tire or something someone was just standing around watching you. 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: {NS} and after you get through working you go up to that person and you say you know instead of watching me you know you might 303: help me Interviewer: you what? 303: You might help me. Interviewer: Okay um okay and suppose. You're through working and you go up to 'em and you say that you you know you might. 303: Well. You waited too late. Interviewer: #1 But you might # 303: #2 I # {NW} You you might help me before I got {X} Interviewer: Okay um {NS} And you'd say um. Someone ask you if you're able to do something you'd say well I'm not sure but I might {NS} what do it. I might 303: I'm ain't for sure. For I'm be able to do that or not Interviewer: Well okay But I might 303: I might not. Interviewer: Okay um. Okay talk about kinds of animals now. the kind of bird that can see in the dark {NS} 303: Mm that's owls. Interviewer: Okay. What about the little owl? That has a real high voice {NS} 303: {NW} {NS} He's a screech owl. Interviewer: Okay. What about the big one? 303: A horn owl. Interviewer: Any other kinds? 303: No those the only two kinds I know. Interviewer: Okay um. What about the kind of bird that that drills holes in trees? 303: That's called a a redwood. That's a peckerwood. Interviewer: Mm-hmm {NS} Um any other names? 303: {NW} Interviewer: Like for the real big one. 303: No let's see. Seem like there is another one. chuck chuckwood Interviewer: What 303: He is the He's the chuckwood next thing to a yellow hammer. Interviewer: Next thing to a #1 Yellow # 303: #2 He makes # makes holes in wood He's rotting wood. {NS} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. {NS} 303: And uh. {NS} He's yellow breasted and gray winged red head and he's bigger than this other one that you was talking about. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: And he and uh he eats uh rotten dead wood {NS} picks on the hull Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: {NS} But he he's a what did I call him? Chick {NS} check checkerwood Interviewer: {NS} uh-huh 303: {X} {NS} that's his name. {NS} He's bigger than a peckerwood. {NS} quite small. Interviewer: Uh-huh 303: But he {NW} the the rooster is red headed and uh the hen is gray headed. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Light light gray Interviewer: Mm-hmm {NS} Um. Do you ever call people peckerwood? 303: No I never did in my life. I've heared 'em lots of other people talk and laugh and joke with one another but I but I never did use that word. Interviewer: What does it mean? to call someone that {NS} Is it bad or 303: {NW} Yes in a way it is. If you're mad {NS} and uh {NW} call a- a white fella {NS} a peckerwood he'd get mad at you. Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: Talking about {NS} cutting you up. {NS} And that's why I never do use it. I don't use that word. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You use it to call white people peckerwood? {NS} 303: No. Interviewer: Is that 303: {NW} I say some #1 some people # Interviewer: #2 I mean is # Is that how the word was used It mean a white person. 303: Yeah it means a white person. Interviewer: Oh I see. {NS} 303: And uh I never do born {NS} to say that about nobody. Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: and uh And a white person don't a lot like it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm {NS} 303: And it sort of like it is about nigger. {NS} Interviewer: Mm-hmm 303: A nigger {X} That's different than a nigger. And the African niggers when they saw the {NS} kind of names they mixed up some of 'em you can't not tell them white people {X} {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: got mixed all away. and uh you can call one of them half yellow so and so or something and he and and then he won't kill you for it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: and uh {NS} And of course you couldn't help nobody can help the way they come up Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 303: and and so in the Summer t- they'd call 'em some of them's the blackest seem black as a pot. I'm black as that thing there. If you call him {NS} a pot {NS} Now some of them just will spit in your face. {NS} They don't like that just when they're black as a pot. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: But uh the African he's got great long curly hair and black curly hair and I think they got a good set of hair. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: They look good but they got thick lip mm-hmm their lips thick enough to put on the sole of a shoe. A full blooded African is and uh them is being trained by white people {NS} and they come out of the see they didn't know back yonder they didn't know how to do nothing. The white people went over there and trained 'em. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And stayed with 'em and then some left there. some there's preachers went over there and preached to 'em and there's people went over there white people Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and uh {NS} learned 'em how to work. Interviewer: okay 303: make their own living. Now they're doing pretty well over in Africa now. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and the African the nigger race is come from Africa then we started from the African Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and uh now the white people don't hardly ever say nigger no more they say {NS} colored person. Or black person or brown person or a yellow person. That's the way they {NW} {X} {NS} That's what they mostly call 'em now. Interviewer: What's what's yellow? 303: What's yellow Interviewer: uh-huh you mean like Japanese or 303: #1 uh Japanese # Interviewer: #2 What do you mean? # 303: or red- red indian. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and {X} {NS} I don't know. {NS} Interviewer: What do- what do you what do you call yourself? 303: Now I'm a mixed I'm a mixed {NS} {X} {NS} and uh my grandpa uh t- 'til this {NS} my grandpa was Indian. Interviewer: uh-huh Would you call yourself red or #1 black or colored or # 303: #2 mm no mm no # No I call myself colored. Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} What other words are there for a colored person who has real light skin? {NS} 303: Mulatto {NS} mulatto. {NS} Interviewer: Mulatto? 303: Mulatto Interviewer: Is that someone who's part white? 303: Yes. Interviewer: #1 part colored # 303: #2 {X} # white person Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 303: #2 I # went to see a girl here. {NS} uh about a month ago and couldn't tell her put her out there and you couldn't tell if she was a white person to save your life. {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and uh {NS} She left the next week after I went to see her. I just went over there to talk to her. I didn't want to marry her. I didn't want {NS} nothing of that kind. I just wanted to talk to her and see how she talked. {NS} And she didn't talk {X} I didn't want her. Interviewer: yeah 303: because {NS} I was scared that I was darker different. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: from other people white people and now of course this girl was so much lighter than I am that's why I couldn't marry her. {X} 303: three times now I've seen her And every time {NS} #1 I'm a see if she wants to come up here. # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 303: {NS} And see me see how I look. I told her she wouldn't have had much if she got up here and see me. She says oh you don't know nothing. You don't know that. {NS} Well I do know her. {NW} She said you know the last time I seen you dressed up and down then three times you's w-wife was looking in I didn't have no right saying nothing to you. Interviewer: yeah 303: {NS} And so {NS} I don't know how I've come without a wife I don't same time I don't want nobody. Interviewer: {NW} But why are why were you gonna go see her then? 303: huh? Interviewer: How'd you How is it then that she's going to come see #1 you're going to go see # 303: #2 Yeah she's coming to see me. # {NS} and uh And when she looks at I told her not to slip up on me. I don't want to start anything. {NS} Clean up a little Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: She said and {NS} said she says I won't do that. Said I'll let you know when I'm coming. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: mm I told her she'd come I said now {NW} when you see me and you you more ill than I am and I know that you're sixty-five and I'm I'm in my seventies. We're about and getting into my ages and I said now I'm too y- old for that She said you don't know that. and so {NS} I hope she brings s-s-see me. She said well {NS} I don't want you. {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh 303: #1 I hope she'll say that. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 303: I done got myself into it. Interviewer: yeah 303: But now she said Interviewer: What if she decides she wants you? {NS} #1 What are you going to do? # 303: #2 I just drop my head and stay down. # Interviewer: {NW} {NS} yeah 303: and {NS} well What time is it? Interviewer: I don't have a watch #1 on me. # 303: #2 Let me # see what time {NS} {X} Interviewer: yeah {NS} {NW} 303: {X} Interviewer: yeah {NS} okay um {NS} This is a kind of animal it's black got black and white stripes and it's got a real strong smell to it. 303: That's a monkey? Interviewer: No it's it's a common one around here. It's got a real strong smell. {NS} {C: incoherent radio chatter throughout next chunks} 303: Oh what'd you say a black? Interviewer: black and white {NS} 303: It ain't a billy goat is it? Interviewer: no I'll tell you about it Well what are some animals that might come in and and get the hens? {NS} invade your henhouse 303: well {NS} {NS} I've got to sort an answer there. would it black uh polecat? Interviewer: okay 303: {NW} {NS} yeah Interviewer: You ever smell one of those? 303: Oh Lordy Kill one out there here about a month a little one Went out there {X} to get to wait for that open rain get that scent away from you. and it rained in the next day or two three days. {NW} Took it over back over there and throwed it away. Got rid of it. That rain washed the scent away. But it took it two three days. rain before washed it away and {NW} Interviewer: yeah um Say some animals have been coming and getting your hens. You didn't know exactly what kind they were. What might you say? Might say I was going to get I'm going to get me a gun and kill those 303: I'm gonna kill kill the Satan eating my chickens up. I had two hens that were eat up here. about uh {NS} three weeks ago and another one here last week. And I think it's a possum. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and uh was going to get my gun and go out there and kill it. in the car if you crawl from the road down there it's two of them. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: great big and about that long {NS} Interviewer: right #1 {X} # 303: #2 and uh # I killed them down there when they was crossing the road and I told that boy if he'd take them off I'd give him a dime. So he took them off back where I told him. Creek in the water. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: So them oil I ain't had none killed since. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 303: It must've been that old possum that killed him. Interviewer: yeah Do you use the word varmints? 303: huh? Interviewer: Do you use the word varmints? {NS} 303: {X} Interviewer: Do you use the word varmint? 303: Y-yeah I use the word varmint. Interviewer: What does that mean? 303: It means uh fur a var- a var- it it if you {NS} {C:static on the word varmints in the next line} hunt varmints possum coon a cat a weasel Interviewer: uh-huh 303: uh mink So I call them varmint. Interviewer: Uh-huh things that you hunt for their fur? 303: That's right. uh That's how I used to hunt for it. I makes a entire fifty dollars from that. Interviewer: yeah what #1 How would you do that? # 303: #2 fifty dollars a night. # Well I had my dog and I'd just take my gun and lantern and go on out catch me up four or five every night. As much as I can get back home with it. Interviewer: four or five what? 303: possum coon a polecat sometimes mink sometimes a weasel {NS} And didn't catch the same amount every every time I went out but I catch some of one kind nearly every time I go on out. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Okay what about a bushy tailed animal? lives up in the trees 303: That's a coon. Interviewer: Okay what about one that is smaller than that just a little thing that you find even in a city. {NS} 303: uh {NS} Uh I forgot what they call that. Interviewer: I'm thinking of squirrels. 303: Squirrel yeah. Interviewer: What kinds of squirrels are there? 303: There's a gray squirrel and there's a there's a fox squirrel. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: The fox squirrel's bigger than the gray squirrel. The fox squirrel's red. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 303: and brown and red {NS} And the gray squirrel is red from then and to again {NS} He's uh gray all over. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: I used to kill them. Then I went and eat them. {NS} when I got one on the farm Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And I ain't killed none since I been here. Interviewer: What about something similar to a squirrel? only it can't climb trees {NS} 303: uh {NS} You mean a ground squirrel is it? Interviewer: What's that look like? 303: He's a little striped thing just like a uh a watermelon. Just stripes running up and down his back and he's got a little short tail uh three or four inches long Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and {NS} He's slick. And they call him a ground squirrel and he's he totes his food in his mouth Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: totes his food {D: in his cheek nuts} or one and he just take two on the raw and one on this side and one on this side and he'll wander off and bury that for winter. I seen them come in with a mouth stuck out there and just full {NS} acorns {D: before they're digged up} Interviewer: yeah 303: And then after a while they rest a while and then go back again. I was sitting there look-looking for a squirrel and I found out the way he did it. Interviewer: yeah 303: Put it up for winter and I didn't kill him I just let him go on. {NS} and uh anything else contrary to that I I can't think. #1 of what you's talking # Interviewer: #2 yeah # That's what I was thinking of. 303: huh? Interviewer: #1 That's what I was thinking of. Ground squirrel # 303: #2 mm mm # Interviewer: What kinds of fish do you have around here? 303: Well bass {C: not sure how the following line is spelled} the pirate blue cat the yellow cat {NS} and uh Interviewer: #1 What's a # 303: #2 {X} # Interviewer: What's a blue cat and a yellow cat? 303: different They ain't a bit different only one's he's blue as a a piece of paper. {NS} And this other one is yellow. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: looking brown sort of like that chair. He's light. And he-he's what you call a camel cat. He gets bigger and then there Interviewer: #1 yeah # 303: #2 uh he # He's a great big cat. But the blue cat is the best eat in the sea and uh have a blue cat and have have a yellow cat. Interviewer: Okay what um the things that pearls grow in um what do you call those? 303: That's that what grows in? Interviewer: Pearls. 303: Pearls. A mussel shell. Interviewer: okay is there another name for those? {NS} 303: Oyster shell. Interviewer: okay um And this is something that you might hear {NS} making a noise around a a pond or a lake at night. {NS} 303: That's a bullfrog. Interviewer: okay What about those smaller kinds of frogs? They get up in trees maybe have a real high voice. 303: uh tree frogs Interviewer: okay {NS} um Is the thing that hops around out on the land 303: That's a I know what it is. That's a {NS} uh toad frog Interviewer: okay 303: Toad frog. Interviewer: And this is something you might dig up to go fishing with. 303: worms Interviewer: okay What kinds of worms are there? 303: red worms Interviewer: okay This is a hard shell thing that can curl its neck and legs into its shell. 303: That's a mud turtle hmm Interviewer: #1 okay # 303: #2 a a hard shell # Interviewer: {NS} Does that stay in the water? 303: No he stays he stays in the pond. Goes down in the mud. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And these other turtle they stay on top of the water. soft shell turtle He stay on top of the water. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: floating around and and you go down towards there and you can see them floating around on top of the water. Interviewer: mm-hmm #1 You call those a a soft shell? # 303: #2 soft shell turtle # we call them Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 303: #2 {X} # Interviewer: What about something similar to that but stays on dry land? 303: That's the terrapin. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} okay um This is something that you'd find at a creek. It's got a shell to it. And it's got its little claws and pinchers. and 303: That's a crawfish. Interviewer: okay And this is something you'd buy out {NS} get it from the ocean. They go out and they drag nets and get these and 303: oysters shells Interviewer: No I'm thinking of something different. 303: oh Interviewer: It's got a little you can buy it now. It has a little #1 thin # 303: #2 {X} # It ain't a crab is it? Interviewer: No it's got a thick shell to it. that you peel off And then you boil it. And it's white. {NS} 303: hmm You got above me with that. I can't Interviewer: see them #1 shrimp or swimp? # 303: #2 hmm # uh swimp I never saw them but {NS} they got they're crabs and uh swimps Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 303: #2 and uh # there's another one but I can't call it. Interviewer: mm-hmm okay What about some insects that the kind of insect that would fly around the light and try and fly into it 303: mm it ain't a {NS} ain't a mosquito is it? Interviewer: No I'm thinking of of something else. it say if you had a light on outside on your porch 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: You'll see this flying around the light 303: Oh that's a candle fly Interviewer: okay {NS} and this is something that would get in your wool clothes and eat holes in them. 303: That's a termite not termite but uh {NS} uh {NS} Uh I know what it is moths Interviewer: okay and if you have these you you'd set out what to get rid of them 303: {NS} you get moth balls to put in there in a trunk Interviewer: okay Oh this is something that flies about and has a little light in its tail. 303: mm-hmm uh yeah I know {NS} a lightning bug they call it Interviewer: okay 303: Mm-hmm Interviewer: {NS} 303: I ain't heared them called nothing else. Interviewer: okay And this is an insect that you'd see around a a lake or something and it's so it's got four wings. You know two pairs of wings. {NS} 303: Uh bat? Interviewer: No this is It's an insect #1 now # 303: #2 oh insect # Interviewer: {NS} #1 And it's um # 303: #2 It's a s- # snake doctor Interviewer: okay And um what kinds of insects will sting you? 303: Uh that's honey bee. Interviewer: What else? {NS} 303: bumble bee s- it was a stripy bumble bee and a hornet Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and uh You get stung with a hornet you'll hurt your {X} I'm telling you. I got into a hornet nest one time. with my brother Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and uh one flew and hit him knocked him down. {NS} And it hurts bad. and uh we'd uh see that hornet building a nest Interviewer: yeah 303: the round nest and he's got a hole right in the bottom of his nest and he goes up there and uh And we had a stick punching up there and got him mad and you know and they come down w-wasn't enough t-too high on the outside of the tree Interviewer: #1 mm # 303: #2 We had a long # preaching pole and stuck up in there. got them stirred up And them things like to kill. um I I see them one nest now I get away from there. Interviewer: {NW} 303: I don't fool with it. Interviewer: yeah {NS} What about something else similar to a hornet only it doesn't build a nest the same way? 303: none it ain't a dirt dauber is it? Interviewer: no um It's something similar to that. 303: hmm Interviewer: thinking of a wa- 303: a yellow {X} no yellow jacket? Interviewer: #1 yes # 303: #2 oh # a wasp Interviewer: okay The yellow jacket does that build a nest in the ground? 303: no {NS} no {NS} Interviewer: What about that other those other things you mentioned? What were they? {NS} 303: bumblebee? Interviewer: Okay or wa- What else? 303: stripy I guess uh that's a black bumblebee builds a nest in the ground. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: goes in the ground. These are little black bumble bees no bigger than the tip end of your finger and you go around them they'll eat you up. Interviewer: yeah {NS} 303: They go in they'll bite you. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and got holes and they crawl back in that to where they're working at and until anybody passes around there they'll get you. Interviewer: #1 what # 303: #2 um # {NW} {NS} Interviewer: What about something that maybe um would start building a nest um oh maybe from say if you had a barn up up hanging from the roof in the corner 303: mm Interviewer: start building a nest {NS} 303: Now that's a wasp I reckon or a dirt dauber. Interviewer: okay Those those were called what? 303: Dirt dauber. Interviewer: Oh what else did you say those were? 303: huh? Interviewer: What else did you say those were? 303: dirt dauber and uh {NS} wasp. Interviewer: okay Did you ever have a wasp get after you? 303: Yeah been stung many times. {NS} by the {NS} up here Smith was here about three or four year a red wasp stung a white fella up there and killed him before night. Interviewer: really? {NS} 303: Killed him before night his blood wasn't right. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and he is called to that I never heared of a wasp killing a person in my life. Interviewer: yeah 303: I've been stung with them thousand times but it killed him. His heart his blood was something wrong with it. Interviewer: #1 yeah # 303: #2 And then when this # thing stung him it just poisoned him up. And it poisoned also his sister. And listen wasp stung him that that evening before night before midnight he was dead they say. Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 303: #2 It was sad. # White people said that and I know it. It's true cause I heared it two or three three different people told it. white people Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: Said yes he he he died. He never did get well get over {NS} His blood doctor said if his blood had been normal like it ought to been it wouldn't have hurt him. Interviewer: yeah 303: But he stung in the wrong time. Interviewer: How many um say talking about a wasp nest about how many are are there in the nest? 303: There's mm all the way from {NS} the red wasp is already the yellow jacket's all the way from t-t-twenty five to hundred maybe two hundred yellow jacket and the big wasp they don't get {X} Interviewer: #1 How many do they have? # 303: #2 {X} # They have about seventy-five Interviewer: seventy-five 303: seventy-five to a to a hundred Interviewer: hundred of these what? 303: uh uh red wasp Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and uh the the yellow jackets he's a wasp in a way but it's different. He has around a hundred two hundred maybe some more. and you just they're just thick and flying in there. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: And don't don't shake them up. It'll give you a hell of trouble. Interviewer: yeah What about a little insect that might little tiny thing that might get on to you if you had gone blackberry picking? 303: That's a chigger. Interviewer: okay 303: Then there's a there's another one. You know there's tick. Interviewer: yeah 303: And I don't like them things at all. But they easy to control. Just put a little lamp oil and salt on them and you you just turn them loose. Interviewer: Just put a little what? 303: lamp oil or salt {NS} Interviewer: hmm 303: And just rub it on and this time now he he done move he done dead Interviewer: yeah What do you do to keep them off dogs? 303: Well I got a medicine here in town we got I forgot what they call it. there I think I got some of it out there in boxes. I don't know what they call that stuff. Interviewer: yeah 303: But they just spray it on. Interviewer: yeah 303: Push down on it {NW} {C: making noises like a spray bottle} spray it and in just a few minutes and You sitting around and you ain't don't see a one. Interviewer: yeah 303: {X} getting them Interviewer: okay this is something that an insect it hop around in the grass in the summer time. 303: Yeah that's a grasshopper. Interviewer: #1 okay # 303: #2 sawyer # and the big grasshopper and his name is sawyer. He gets about two inches long. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: The little the other grasshopper why I ain't got no name for this other one. He just about a inch and a half a inch long. {X} grasshopper Interviewer: the gray 303: the gray grasshopper then there then there the sawyer #1 He he's a red grasshopper # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 303: stripes up and down his wings Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 303: #1 he # Interviewer: #2 Have you ever heard # mm-hmm 303: That's all. Interviewer: Have you ever heard of people call 'em hoppergrass? 303: hoppergrass Interviewer: yeah 303: no Interviewer: okay um This is a small fish that you might use for bait. {NS} 303: That's a small fish I forgot what they call that. {NS} That's see that I believe is They call it a mackerel mackerel. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And uh I think what they call that I ain't ri-right uh I think I am. Interviewer: okay um And if you haven't cleaned a room in a long time up in the corner you know stretched across the corner 303: {NW} Interviewer: of the ceiling you might see what? What might you find? 303: find a spider web Interviewer: okay Would that have a spider in it? 303: No not every time. They it forms by the nature and uh they they just uh {D: words} just because of that Interviewer: uh-huh um Do you call it spider web if it's inside or outside? does it make any difference? 303: Yes {X} same thing in a way they call it spider web Interviewer: You ever heard of a cobweb? 303: cobweb? Interviewer: uh-huh 303: Yeah I've heared it but I don't understand it. well {NW} Interviewer: Of the part of the tree that's underground you'd call those the 303: the roots of the tree Interviewer: okay Do you ever hear of use of some kind of roots or vines for medicine? 303: yes ma'am and then That's the burdock Interviewer: the what? 303: burdock {NS} and uh Interviewer: #1 Is that a root or # 303: #2 cherry # cherry red cherry and uh {NS} blackberry Interviewer: yeah 303: root Interviewer: What do you use these for? 303: Use it for medicine. Interviewer: What what's that first one you mentioned? burd- burdock? 303: burdock. Interviewer: What's that? #1 Is that a tree or a bush? # 303: #2 No th-that's a plant. # Interviewer: uh-huh 303: That's a plant. Interviewer: What what do you take that for? #1 How'd it do? # 303: #2 Well well you # dig up the roots of it and put it on the boiler and make a laxative out of it. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: And you take it just bitter. why not Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and uh the cherry root I think of the bark and see how we've got now but I believe it's the bark. You mix it with that burdock if you want to. #1 and you # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 303: building up your blood. Interviewer: yeah 303: and uh the blackberry root then the the yellow puccoon Interviewer: yellow what? 303: yellow puccoon Interviewer: C-cocoon? 303: No it grows on these mountains. Interviewer: #1 What's that for? # 303: #2 it's got a # yellow root on it. and uh they they d-dig it. It's next thing to ginseng. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: They dig it and dry it and sell it. They fixing it all to make medicine out of it. Interviewer: Do they use it for anything special though if they keep it and use it #1 for medicine? # 303: #2 no # These young people don't the-they {NS} They a hundred now. But they don't use they go to drug store and get their medicine #1 now # Interviewer: #2 yeah # Do you remember where that used to be used for? 303: Uh yellow puccoon? Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 303: #2 uh # and ginseng? Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: It was used I think for your blood. Interviewer: yeah 303: when you use it build your body up Interviewer: uh-huh What about if you had a sore in your mouth? {NS} 303: sore? Interviewer: #1 yeah # 303: #2 in my mouth? # Interviewer: uh-huh 303: oh you'd have get some kind of sap. put it on it and wash it out with with alcohol and uh this other stuff. I forget what you peroxide Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: Wash it out with peroxide. Interviewer: You ever hear of yellow root? #1 yellow root # 303: #2 y-yes ma'am # yes there's uh that uh what I need I swear to God. Interviewer: yellow 303: yellow puccoon it's it's got a yellow root. #1 and # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 303: and uh {NS} ginseng It's it's white. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: That's a different it and uh they sell them now for sixty-five dollars a pound. fill up your Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: lives right up here and there's one in Watertown had uh that do-ed it this time he had this fellow down there had a fifteen pound. Interviewer: god 303: And this other fellow up here he got little more than that and uh the man come here to buy it and the reason he didn't buy it It wasn't dry. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: An uh he said he'd have to dry it before he could give that much with it. He wouldn't take it green. And it's green so Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 303: #2 whenever it dries # he offered him sixty-five dollars a pound. Interviewer: Mm. That's a lot of money. {NS} What kind of tree did you tap for syrup? 303: what? what's that? Interviewer: What kind of tree did you tap for syrup? 303: oh sugar tree sugar tree Interviewer: okay And what would you call a big group of these trees growing together? 303: Oh we would call them twinned. {NS} twin trees Interviewer: uh-huh What about if there's just a lot of these growing like a whole big group growing together? 303: well I'd call that I don't know exactly what you would call that. what of that many together Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: but Well there's two or three joining growing together I'd call that a What'd I call it a twin didn't I? Interviewer: twin 303: twin trees Interviewer: okay um This is the kind of tree that's got white scaly bark and it's got these little knobs or balls growing on it. and It's got big broad leaves. branch out 303: I know that tree but now {NS} I can't call it. Never got it out oh there's m- thems trees is scary. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: There ain't none up my house here. Interviewer: yeah {NS} 303: But I can't call it. I-I've seen it many times. Interviewer: You ever heard of a syc- sycamore 303: Sycamore yeah we've got a few scattered around here. {NS} sycamore It's a got uh white bark on it. #1 and and # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 303: Wherever it sheds is slick. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and I don't worry so much to count them up there. People cuts a few logs around there put them down in the creeks. It don't grow much on swamp around the around the oh big creeks somewhere. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: {NS} It don't grow out in the woods in {D: in the lochs like} You got to look certain place to find Interviewer: mm-hmm What are some of the trees around here? {NS} 303: What are they? Interviewer: Yeah what kinds of trees #1 grow around here? # 303: #2 what # There's a uh the cedar tree {NS} a {NS} poplar tree a yellow poplar white poplar elm tree red elm tree a white elm tree Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: uh and uh {NS} there's a beech tree and there's a oak tree. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: There's chinquapin tree. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: Then there's uh hog- hog- {D: hogated tree} Interviewer: a what? 303: {D: Hogated} #1 tree you know I told you about them. # Interviewer: #2 oh yeah # 303: {D: They're hogated.} Tree you've got a top of them just like a umbrella Interviewer: yeah 303: And there's chi-chinquapin around it's slick. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: And this here other one You got this here {X} just like umbrella around. And when it falls in fall the hogs leasing and then the people raise hogs on them's got four of them you got them all they're {NS} and I wouldn't have one cut for nothing. But whenever they hit They do not feed the hog. and {X} They're ready getting ready to kill him. Interviewer: yeah 303: to grow them on {NS} Then there's a there's a weeping willow tree. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and there's a {NS} weeping willow and then {NS} there's a boxelder no. Interviewer: What about some bushes or shrubs that grow wild around here? {NS} 303: Well there's a boxelder Interviewer: Is that a bush or a shrub? 303: #1 Yes ma'am. # Interviewer: #2 um # 303: It's a bush. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: Then there's {NS} Oh I can't think right now. Interviewer: What about a shrub that has leaves that turn bright red? and um {NS} It's got these little berries on it. {NS} 303: Well {NS} I don't know whether that's a beech tree or Interviewer: No it's a shrub or a bush. 303: oh {NS} It's different then. {NS} between {NS} uh You got me on that. {NS} Interviewer: You ever heard of su- or shumac or {NS} 303: huh Interviewer: You ever heard of shumac or su-sumac or shu- 303: no Interviewer: shumac? 303: shu- yes shumac. There there's a the shumac grows here in this county. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and uh {NS} and uh boxelder put that Interviewer: uh-huh 303: A boxelder is white wood it's white as cotton. And the boxelder it {NS} And there's another one but I can't think again {NS} And there's sycamore tree. I done named that. Interviewer: mm-hmm What about any kinds of bushes or or vines vines that make your your skin break out if you touch 'em? 303: Yeah I knows what part of that is. poison oak poison oak to some folks poison oak some call poison oak Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and so {NS} here we got got some of that around plenty of that around in different places. {NS} Interviewer: What's it look like? #1 Can you describe it? # 303: #2 Looks like a vine. # little gnarl leaves Interviewer: So what leaves? 303: little gnarl leaves on it and comes down like a V and it's makes you think of {NS} uh I don't know makes you I I can't can't place what I'm trying to say. But anyhow It it it runs. It's a vine. Runs up in trees or runs out on the fence. or runs down on the ground to another tree {NS} and uh {NS} you don't see much of it only where it's right rich Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and where it's right rich at it it's comes up all out of the ground around the the roots of this big tree and and it runs up on it and uh You draw yourself portions. Using or being poisoned with it well I better stay away from it. Because it breaks out on you you might not like I don't know it's awful. And damn it hurts. Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 303: #2 One of them did hurt me. # I could go up take my hand pull it off and put it in the mouth of children it don't bo- #1 bother them. # Interviewer: #2 hmm # 303: That's the difference in the people. Interviewer: yeah 303: My mother could just walk under the tree where it was at. an-and she'd have to get a salt and lamp oil and solve it together an-and go to rubbing with it to keep to keep it from being hurt. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: break out all over Interviewer: yeah {NS} um Okay what kind of berries 303: uh raspberries Interviewer: Okay what about berries that you make shortcake out of? 303: strawberries Interviewer: okay and um Okay this is a tall bush. It's got {NS} beautiful pink and white flowers on it. {NS} And I think it grows around the spring. Or it grows around the spring 303: mm Yeah that's one {X} Interviewer: You ever heard of laurel or mountain laurel or spoonwood or something like that? {NS} ivy 303: no If that doesn't vine well Interviewer: You never heard of laurel or rhododendron? 303: mm-mm. Interviewer: okay Oh this is a a tree. It's got shiny leaves and big white flowers. {NS} And it leaves a prickly seed pod that looks something like a cucumber. {NS} 303: Well that's the there's a yell- there's a yellow poplar. or you got pods on it that run about that long. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: It looks like sort of like you're talking about but that's the only thing that I can pair it with. Interviewer: This has got it's a big tree. 303: #1 Oh really? # Interviewer: #2 And it's got shiny # green leaves and these big white flowers. 303: mm, mm {NW} It ain't a dogwood is it? Interviewer: no You ever heard of magnolia or cucumber tree or #1 something like that? # 303: #2 no # I never that's getting past what I'm used to. Interviewer: okay um If a married woman didn't want to make up her own mind about something she'd say I have to ask 303: my husband Interviewer: okay any other ways she'd refer to him? {NS} 303: {X} she'd ask her will he agree Interviewer: uh-huh Would she call him by old man or 303: #1 I think she'd call him out um # Interviewer: #2 my man # 303: my old man or either my husband Interviewer: uh-huh And what would he call her? 303: Well he might call her if if he's in love with her er- might call her honey I'm gonna do the best I can. Interviewer: okay Or you'd say um I have to ask would he say my my old lady or my wife? or my #1 {X} # 303: #2 Yeah he'd he'd say # I would have to I would ask my wife about that. Interviewer: okay um A woman who's lost her husband is called a 303: is lord lord for her husband Interviewer: who's lost her husband 303: oh {NS} She said well my husband passed {NS} yet in nineteen so and so Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and and I miss him. Interviewer: Uh-huh and whoever says that she's been a 303: a widow Interviewer: okay what if they separated? They're not living together anymore. 303: mm Interviewer: Then she'd be a 303: but oh no Interviewer: You ever hear of grass? 303: gra- g-grass widow Interviewer: uh-huh Do you ever what does that mean? 303: That woman is that husband's parted and they ain't never gonna be married. {NS} I mean uh they been married but uh uh parted and got divorced. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and She's the grass widow. Interviewer: okay Um the man whose son you are is called your {NS} 303: what? You have to repeat that one. Interviewer: the man whose son you are {NS} is called your {NS} 303: That's called my daddy. Interviewer: okay any other names 303: some said father Interviewer: uh-huh 303: some say his daddy But there's one word I think shouldn't be a word to say that. And that's father. who art in heaven And I don't think nobody worthy enough to be called father. {NS} Interviewer: Oh I see. 303: They either daddy papa or mama. Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 303: But when they go to saying father I think they went a little too far. But some does. #1 They do it plenty. # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 303: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # #1 yeah yeah # 303: #2 father who art # in heaven It will be my name. and I Interviewer: #1 what was that? # 303: #2 {X} # Uh th-the father's in heaven you know. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: That uh who art to die {NS} for us all Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and that's Jesus {NS} Interviewer: #1 How is that? How is # 303: #2 God give # for us all. and uh know how long it's been so long ago Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And that's why I said when they say when none good but the f- father in heaven. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: #1 And he # Interviewer: #2 that's # How does that prayer go? 303: what? Interviewer: That father who 303: father who art in heaven Interviewer: What's that? 303: father who art in heaven Interviewer: uh-huh 303: help me along Interviewer: What's that something be thy 303: That's a sermon. Interviewer: yeah Do you know how it goes 303: No I don't I don't go no further than that. Interviewer: yeah 303: further than I know Interviewer: Do you use the word mother? {NS} 303: Jesus Interviewer: yeah um okay You say um you have your your daddy and then his wife is called your 303: grandma. {NS} Interviewer: Okay or {NS} any other names for that? {NS} what {NS} {NS} 303: mother or ma {NS} is the only thing I know {NS} ma or ma Interviewer: What's that? {NS} 303: that's my Now that'd be my grandma or grandma Interviewer: #1 oh I see # 303: #2 ma # ma and ma is a little different Interviewer: yeah 303: ma and ma {NS} That's that's more different in a way {NS} Interviewer: um What about her husband? That'd be your 303: uh Interviewer: Your grand 303: grandpa {NS} gran- {NS} grandpa or Interviewer: okay and um okay you might say mama or how how would you call your what would you say? 303: uh my you mean my grandma? Interviewer: No I'm talking about your 303: mother Interviewer: yeah {NS} 303: Well I g- call her mother. Interviewer: okay together your {NS} daddy and mother would be called your 303: my daddy and mother Interviewer: would be called your {NS} your pa- {NS} 303: what? Interviewer: They'd be called your 303: What what did you you mean what did they call me? Interviewer: No what what would you call them? You say These are my 303: Uh this is my mother and this is my daddy. Interviewer: Okay or these together they're they're my pa- {NS} 303: Mm. Interviewer: par- 303: parents Interviewer: okay um {NS} Okay you say I was the youngest of five 303: I was the y- youngest of the five children. Interviewer: any other name besides that? {NS} 303: I'm the the baby of the five children. Interviewer: okay um What about a name that a a child's known by just in his family? {NS} 303: name by known? Interviewer: yes a say what what would you call a baby I mean he if instead of calling him by his his given name you might give him a {NS} 303: hmm Interviewer: the older people might call him what? {NS} 303: uh {NS} don't know {NS} can't can't get that together Interviewer: You ever heard of a pet name or a basket name or something like that? 303: Oh I Oh I've known knows that give him a name but I given name but I can't think of that now. Interviewer: Okay this is something on wheels that you'd put a a baby in and it can lie down. 303: It's called a crib. Interviewer: Oh does that have wheels to it? 303: why mm yes it can have wheels but then there's some that ain't {NS} ain't got no wheel. Interviewer: What would you call the one that has wheels? 303: We'd call that a a baby chair. Interviewer: a chair? 303: a ch- uh uh no that ain't exactly what it is. {NS} but I just can't call it. Interviewer: #1 You told me a # 303: #2 cri- crib I believe # Interviewer: What about carriage or buggy or 303: carriage or either buggy either one Interviewer: Does that those have wheels on them? 303: The the buggies do and the carriage do too I think. Interviewer: okay 303: I know the buggies do. Interviewer: Okay so you put the baby in the buggy then you'd go out and what with the baby? go out and 303: shop Interviewer: yeah um 303: or shopping Interviewer: Yeah you put the baby in this buggy though then you take take it outside and and you say you're going to go what? the baby 303: I'm going to take the baby out Interviewer: {D: put the baby in the buggy} {C: static, I think it's an echo from a few lines earlier} 303: No I ain't got that. Interviewer: Would you talk about wheel the baby or roll the baby or ride the baby or 303: ride the baby or either Interviewer: Did you did you use that word? 303: yeah You use uh Interviewer: {D: wheel the baby} {C: echo} 303: ride the baby. or push the baby Interviewer: okay um You say you might have a son and a {NS} 303: son Interviewer: a son or a {NS} 303: or girl Interviewer: okay And the girl wouldn't be called a son she would be called a {NS} a boy would be a son a girl would be a 303: be a daughter Interviewer: okay And if a woman were going to have a child you'd say that she's 303: She's pregnant. Interviewer: Okay any other words {NS} for that? Was that word nice to use when you were growing up? 303: yes but but there's another word {NS} But uh {NS} there's another word Interviewer: mm-hmm You say she's 303: big Interviewer: big? 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: okay And if you didn't have a doctor to deliver the baby you might send for this woman who'd be called a 303: uh I know what to call but I {NS} uh {NS} {C: silence} 303: {NS} Now if you're the biggest thing in the house then it could happen to you. He lost control of it and it's slip it's slipping and sliding on him. And uh there's another car behind him pushing him. And said that's what you need right underneath it. and I told him alright then and tell their daddy about it and and fixed to do something about it. Interviewer: yeah 303: And he said he'd put it back in as good as it was and {NS} {NS} about a hundred and fifty dollars. {NS} just from that one window. Interviewer: Hmm 303: People form glass that that big and getting somebody to do the work it's going to cost you. Interviewer: yeah. 303: It's going to cost you. this window {D: he stole it in this town and} tear it takes a lot of money to put it back and to get somebody to put it back. Interviewer: mm-hmm Seems like you had a lot of trouble with that storm and 303: huh? Interviewer: You had a storm. 303: yeah we had a storm out here Let's see. I can't tell you the exact date it was. {NS} It's been {NS} three {NS} It's been two months and Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: since we had a storm took the top off of my house here pulled it off. {X} It went over my the garage out there and my other house then ducked down again and I got a chicken house down in there Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: down there about fifty yards further. It dipped down and caught that thing at the bottom. Turned it {D: turned a tree over another man's field}. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: Then god willing I couldn't put it back without tying it up but I wouldn't put it back I was just better little bit better shape than I am now. I towed it up and I had one brother to help me. And uh we put it back. He helped me more in a day then I had in a year. Put it I put the henhouse back. Been sitting there ever since. {NS} And uh went on up to mister uh Lanks's house Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: I talked with Lane in front of my my chicken house and he had a cedar and there's a broken fence there. big as that chair there of cedar wood here And he twisted that cedar up around and down to the stump. up up into splinters {D: and then they just laughed} There's old Mr. Lanks's house. And they had a trailer up by the door they had a trailer. see {D: she said we're gonna move we're gonna move in it} But she helped me get down there to her mother's house that evening when the storm come. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and uh Whenever it come they had just got back from somewhere and and they were standing there in the yard before we went in the house and looking and she says says says says says says look at that cloud how black it is. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: Says yes and says I I hear something roaring. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And says mother says I been wrong says no you ain't says you stay right down here you and your husband. Go in the house and in the living room wherever you want to. And says don't you worry. Go back to the trailer. And she says well Ma I {X} and look at how black it is. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And uh They made 'em they made 'em move to one house and locked the door and went all the way in and sat down. until some of 'em got up and looked out out the window And she said she says she says says here's the storm and says well what if I can't help it? and about that time it hit that trailer hit that trailer Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and tore it all to pieces. Interviewer: hmm 303: It j- just hulled it out and tore it all to pieces and turned it over nothing left nothing there but the wheel. The foundation it's sitting on was all that left it moved that. Think it turned that around. And if she'd of been up there her and the boy and her husband if there wasn't a way for them to escape it it'd kill 'em all. But they stayed down right it didn't hit them it didn't take that house. It went right over the house. And dipped down again that's on that trailer about through here down here on the road. about a hundred and fifty yards different and the difference that time time after it hit that trailer it rooted up went over water town and uh hit a few things over there but didn't tear up any. {NS} Interviewer: Was that the worst storm you've been in? 303: mm yes was about a more strong than I've been in {NS} But my wife been in a worse storm than that. {NS} And uh down here at uh pick up where the white people That's where farmer Armstrong raised her. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: She went down when she was six years old and when she come away from there she was eighteen year old. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: Then I married her then after she was eighteen when she left eighteen or nineteen. twenty She was I think she was twenty years old when I married her. And we've been together ever since up until october the twenty-first nineteen seven and uh and and seventy-two. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: That's when she left me. dear lord {NS} {NS} And we accumulated and made a lot of money. We'd been robbed once. Interviewer: #1 really # 303: #2 And they didn't # didn't go over to our farm. some of it was some folks come out sat out in the car. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: Well I didn't want 'em to come in but he said uh {D: gonna get back on the specs} and you can't see good out here in this sun and this grass so let's take it in the kitchen before we using it. Turn the light on and see the flower. Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 303: #2 Well I told 'em already # I can see 'em out here good enough. I don't care none about no room. My wife was over there. {D: the barn clean out cash stable} Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: I'd lift 'em coming up right down that when I'd seen 'em drive up right up by the house. And during the time there's there's three of 'em. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: There's one boy about about six about six foot slender made red hair. He's the one that showed me the carpet. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And there's another about my height and uh {NW} And there was another one in the car I never did see him get out but this this other one well he mi- he wasn't hardly as as tall as I was but he was heavy little heavy big fella he was a little heavier than I was. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: built he run on and {D: while I} turn that go and turn the light on. Opened the car and I say see that now there yes said ain't it pretty do what he will and he six foot high and we was standing in the kitchen door the house door and the carpet running around over cover that door oh but little he could slip in inside it. And I couldn't look over him. Cause I ain't six foot high I'm just eight foot nine I mean eight foot nine. five foot nine. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And I like nine ten eleven twelve I like three inches and been six foot would've straighten that And I couldn't see see over him and that boy slipped in there. And went on in the main sitting room and went back in the the back room where the bedroom was and company and uh went in to {NS} that several right there uh inside that I showed you yesterday opened it and my wife had a pocket book a black pocket book with her. two {D: spots} on. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And she should've kept my money and her money together And she had a lot of turkey money she had three hundred and three hundred and fifty dollar turkey money. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And I had the rest Working working out I worked out and sold cattle and um and I'd been meaning to take it to the bank but just didn't do it. And uh the starting of that this man comes out to paint in my house pop {NS} Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 303: #2 I didn't want him to paint but # he insist on it. He was going to paint it so cheap I well ain't nobody have a house painted that cheap. Says I'll paint it for five dollars. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And uh when they set the pump down and that truck out there he went to pumping me. And he told me look at this gage on this pump. I looked at it said you can't even read. {NS} here thanks again And he says well says there's uh {NW} You see where it start yes Says I'm going to turn it on now and he turned it on. He just kept coming down kept come on down. Sell you sell you for gallon and three quarter. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And he gave me the three quarters. I didn't want the paint I asked him for I paid in check no He didn't want no check. Well I said if you don't take a check you don't get your money. He said yes I will too And the old lady she's standing in the door and listen as he talk. and uh Old lady says you said you'd paint for five dollars. Now you charging five dollars a little old for a gallon. Why didn't you say that before you went up there? He says well says that's what I meant and well that's what it meant. And uh he says no says I I didn't did He was a detailer Says but that stuff costs us money and you see that by the gate you sell What it runs down to thirty-four gallons. And uh and three quarters and I'm going to need for that. And uh they was sitting in the house then. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And uh I had parted off and pocket knife and pull that out and give it to him and told my wife to go back in that room. And she went back in the room got a hundred dollars. Well she would give it to me and they was looking and going on this side and kept looking see which way she was going in there. He sat and looked at her he didn't look up at me. Nor would the other one he sat down and just held over and looked and when she come out she come out with a hundred dollars and he already took his head and looked at And then he bowed his head and looked back. But I didn't think nothing bou-bout- about him doing that. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And nine months {NW} and three days they come back well that's when they're uh Interviewer: the same people? 303: same people the same people See they know they this boy you won't push him {D: say I came for some money} I imagine he tells the rest of 'em says cause I sat there and looked at him when she come out with that hundred dollar. And we agreed to let him off with a hundred and forty dollars. He keeping forty. She went back in there and got a hundred and now he know we've got money that I've stayed away. for you know 'em I reckon and uh come back Well when they come back they it's hard to tell 'em. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and they started uh just different Interviewer: #1 yeah # 303: #2 They didn't dress like they did before. # And that's where {D: another way for me} by that and I didn't exactly know 'em but the same heights and all but they's changed. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and the the his hair was was dark dark when it was red when he was there. They had his hair darkened Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: saw that blue net color Interviewer: sorry what? 303: a blue net. Interviewer: What's that? 303: A color Interviewer: #1 oh oh yeah # 303: #2 of his hair # his hair. And so that that that made it look like somebody else to me. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And uh that's the reason they had a chance to rob me. Interviewer: Well what did you do after they robbed you? 303: Well I didn't know till supper time that night I would've but I still didn't know it. and uh It's supper time I'd eat supper. My wife has washed up the dishes. And she says she a keep stirs did something happen here? And so she's As she got to dish washing went on back in there Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and opened this dresser bureau and cicero whatever it is sitting right here now. she had sitting in the bottom Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: when she raised up the bottom but he's so big he wouldn't come out of there but she had this in the pocket books down in there black pocket book. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: she told it do whatever where she went when she's out then {NS} She raise raised it up. says sterling I was sitting in the rocking chair. Says what. Said we've been robbed. {NS} I said oh no. She says oh yes. And something told me and it says I you ain't you joking I says {D: she says wait I'll come in there} She come over there open open the part where he you see that you see your pocket book it's gone. Mine is gone. Says left one quarter in the bottom when it fell out or something. Says all not one quarter. {D: well I just sat back in the chair and fell back} give a long breath I said well don't tell nobody. She says yes {D: I can keep from telling}} {X} And it's that much money seven hundred and fifty dollars. It's worth talking about. Interviewer: Seven hundred and fifty? 303: Seven hundred and fifty dollars. Interviewer: gosh 303: Well I just lay back in the chair and let out a long breath. I said well we'll make it anyhow so I've got to do something. three or four thousand dollars worth of stocks I said we'll sell some of these {D: kegs} and uh {D: you sell uh seventy thirties} {NS} We'll we'll how We can get by. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: She said yes but this ain't what what we were taught run and put it back. I said this I've been angry go to the bank and put this in there She said I told you back only a month ago. Why didn't you take this money and put it in the bank? And she said I blame you for every bit of it. I want seven hundred and fifty dollar of my money and she says I blame you for it. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And I says well do you want me to pay you back? And I lost more than you. Say that don't make no difference you used you turn it to me. And you let 'em get it. {D unbeknownst to you} You didn't know. And I seen this boy when he come out of the room when he come around the carpet but it didn't seem anyone in there. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: Turned up the bed first. Then add another bed on the side and go and turn that up. And raise the pillows up and looked under the {D: pillows take them on in the room}. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And looked in this thing and that's where he found it. {NS} Interviewer: Why didn't you Why didn't you call the police? 303: Well there wasn't no use. They done gone. And we couldn't identify I called white people call the police for me that after they found it out they let none of us bunch of police about five or six come from {X} and uh when they come they brought one of them fellows that sort as him with him. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: sit in the carpet and so after after it brought him with me w- uh with him it it turned around in my yard and uh this big police get out uh hello uncle yes sir come out here I went out there. and He says uh it had him in his own car. This fellow had sit in the carpet says you get out and freed him up let the the uncle look at you. I looked at him. I said no. He was that man ain't never been here before. Uh you say that man ain't been here before? yes sir Will you slide? yes sir Well how can you tell? I said well these other fellows were middle aged people. And how could you tell? I said I can tell by I can guess how I don't care who it is. White or black I can guess in three years your age. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and well Where's your wife? They said tell her to step out here. Tell her to come to the door. {D: dessie} yes what Are you coming to the door? take a good look at this fellow standing here. Has you ever b- you ever seen him here before? She says no lordy that ain't the man that's that man uh got some age on him. These other people was about thirty thirty five year old. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And she says another things that he was balded like my husband. H-h-he ain't got no hair up here. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: And he says r-run it back a little further. And my husband and he's a heavy set fellow and he's fleshy and there wasn't but one of these fleshy but he's in d-dark and peckered skin. And says I can tell from here I can see good. {D: says you're supposed to turn him in} Well that fellow was so glad to hear that. Interviewer: yeah 303: and he and they pulled me say told him you saved for all that. says well {NW} {NS} Says you get in this back in your car and drive out in front of us. And says don't sell none other carpet in in Tennessee nowhere. {NS} Now state of Tennessee. And don't sell any other carpet. Well he said bye back then says I won't I won't. Said where you live. He told 'em. But I forgot the name of the place. And says well now don't you stop here. {NW} to sell any other carpet cause I'm from took them they all says you wouldn't want folks to keep doing this and without without their consent. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: They said that you was the one we would've fastened you right here. said but then everyone seemed to think that you were in a bunch of {D: talk and we just} that that's an excuse so you go on back to uh uh what's the name {D: wait a minute} and he says don't be stopping in Tennessee and selling another carpet. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and he thanked them says I won't He was {D: hyped} up so he got back in the car so I could tell he was {D: hyped} up well I wasn't gonna tell him no story about no seven hundred and fifty dollars if it'd been a thousand I wouldn't {X}. wouldn't decide to put it on a person I knew he wasn't even there ya see. Interviewer: yeah. 303: you he- he was just as innocent about that as anybody and uh he had no part in doing {X} boys just about all that kinda he a little boy {D: deny} oh I've got a little scattered {D: guy there} he didn't have none of them to sleep pay the rent and had had down here by the ears and the back of his head is all hair. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: he says so they're free again. yeah {NW} Interviewer: okay um we were talking yesterday about um ya know if you didn't have a doctor to deliver a baby 303: #1 mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 they might send for this woman. # 303: uh-huh they call her a land lady uh ma- grandma grandmama. Interviewer: okay um okay uh you said if a boy has the same color hair and eyes that his father has the same shape nose and everything you'd say that he 303: #1 inherited from his father. # Interviewer: #2 okay # oh would you use a term like resembles or takes after? {NS} his father? 303: {D: say again} Interviewer: would you say he takes after his father or 303: uh he takes them takes that after his father. Interviewer: okay uh suppose he has the same mannerisms the same behavior that his father had how would you say that? 303: why he he {D: his future} happens to is just like his father and doing things. Interviewer: mm-hmm okay um and if a child was misbehaving you'd tell him oh if you do that again you're gonna get a 303: smacking. Interviewer: huh? 303: smacking. Interviewer: okay any other expressions? 303: a whooping. Interviewer: okay um you say Bob is five inches taller this year you say Bob what a lot in one year? Bob 303: Bob {X} don't know exactly the meaning of that. Interviewer: he's five inches taller than he was last year 303: his father. Interviewer: he's no he's 303: his son. Interviewer: he's taller. 303: oh Interviewer: #1 than he was. you'd say that he has # 303: #2 {X} # grown. Interviewer: okay um okay what words are there for a a child that's born to a woman that's not married? 303: {X} it's uh out law or he's a {D: illegitimate} Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: child. Interviewer: any other? 303: oh it's- it's a {NS} #1 no I don't know but two questions # Interviewer: #2 what about bastard? # 303: bastard that's right Interviewer: #1 people use that word? # 303: #2 yeah # Yeah they use that sometimes. Interviewer: what about any sort of joking words for that? have you ever heard of woods colt or 303: oh yeah. Interviewer: #1 {X}? # 303: #2 uh # uh uh woods woods colt. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and that's as far as I know. Interviewer: okay okay talking about the word loving you could say Jay is a loving child but Peggy is even 303: better. Interviewer: okay or using the word loving Peggy is even 303: more loving. Interviewer: okay um your brother's son is called your 303: my brother's son is called my my uncle? Interviewer: yep his son do you have a brother? 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: #1 is he # 303: #2 {X} # son I'd be his uncle I- Interviewer: yeah and he'd be your 303: brother's son. Interviewer: okay if it was a girl it'd be your niece. 303: yeah Interviewer: since it's a boy it's your 303: uh {X} Interviewer: your ne- neph- 303: uh my my n- my niece I reckon {X} Interviewer: okay that'd be a girl though. 303: oh yeah. yeah {NS} Interviewer: what about neph- 303: oh oh he's a nephew. Interviewer: okay and a child that's lost both his parents is called a {NS} 303: {X} Interviewer: a child that both parents are dead 303: oh it's it's uh uh I know it but I I can't pronounce it {NS} it's a Interviewer: just what did you call it 303: that's what I'm trying to think I I can't pronounce that {X} {NS} Interviewer: what about the word or- 303: huh? Interviewer: orphan. 303: oh orphan. Interviewer: what's that? 303: did you just say orphan? Interviewer: uh-huh do you ever hear that word? 303: no Interviewer: okay um someone whose parents are dead um they have a person appointed to look after them and that'd be called their legal 303: they'd call a {D: menace} Interviewer: okay or the legal guar- 303: uh guard. Interviewer: huh? 303: uh uh they {D: guardian}. #1 uh # Interviewer: #2 okay # um and if a woman gave a party and invited all the people that are related to her you'd say that she asked all her 303: friends. Interviewer: okay but all the people that are related to her. 303: uh folks. Interviewer: okay. um you say well she has the same family name that I do she does look a little bit like me but actually we're no 303: kin at all. Interviewer: okay and somebody who comes into town and nobody's ever seen him before would be called a? 303: stranger. Interviewer: okay what if he came from a different country? 303: do uh he'd be called a foreigner. Interviewer: okay and um now these are some names um the name of of the mother of Jesus. 303: mother of Jesus his father uh f- fathers uh oh I can't think of it. Interviewer: yeah um the name of Jesus's mother. starts with an M. 303: m- uh m- uh Interviewer: and what was that name? 303: m- mother? {X} {NS} Interviewer: what about um w- wh- what are some girls names starting with an M 303: well Mary. Interviewer: okay um and what about George Washington's wife? do you know what her name was? 303: Martha. Interviewer: okay and this is a nickname for Helen starts with an N 303: uh starts with N? Interviewer: yeah have you ever heard the song wait 'til the sun shines? 303: Nelly. Interviewer: #1 okay um # 303: #2 {X} # Interviewer: and a nickname for a little boy named William? 303: um William. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: his nickname would be William wouldn't it? Interviewer: okay what about a male goat what's that called? 303: a male goat's called a buck Interviewer: okay any other name what about Bi- 303: uh-huh Interviewer: Bil- 303: uh {D: they call I know what people them call} Interviewer: okay you might have the name Bill #1 you might call # 303: #2 Billy # Interviewer: huh? 303: Billy? Interviewer: okay um and the first book in the New Testament. 303: first book. Interviewer: mm-hmm the gospel. the first of the four gospels? goes something Mark Luke and John 303: well it'd be {NS} uh uh Mark uh no Interviewer: Mat- 303: um I can't get it. Interviewer: Matt is short for 303: Matt. Interviewer: uh okay something Mark Luke and John starts with an M 303: Martha? Interviewer: no Math- 303: ma- mathus. Interviewer: okay um a woman who conducts school is called a... 303: a school teacher. Interviewer: okay any old-fashioned words for that? 303: mm yes uh {NS} {D: assistant} no that's a man. Interviewer: what about school suffix school man or school {X} 303: {NS} school {NS} {NS} {X}. Interviewer: {NS} yeah okay this is a um a family name. it was a name of a barrel maker. 303: barrel maker. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: well {D: damn} I'm locked up on that I can't get a thing. {NS} Interviewer: have you ever heard the last name of Cooper or Cooper have you ever heard that? 303: I've heard some of that some of that Cooper but Cooper uh {NS} Can't think I can answer that. Interviewer: okay if you had a woman that was married who had that last name how would you call her she'd be? {NS} 303: she'd be uh {X} explain that. Interviewer: so I mean okay you would her husband would be called mister 303: miss called misses. Interviewer: and what's that last name again? 303: misses. Interviewer: yeah and her last name and 303: {NS} uh Interviewer: #1 Cooper or Cooper # 303: #2 Cooper Cooper # Interviewer: okay so how did you call her then? 303: call her name. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: misses Mrs. Cooper {D: or anything} Interviewer: okay um and a preacher that's not very well trained doesn't have a regular pulpit and uh sorta preaches here and there ya know and um isn't very good really uh how what might you call him? 303: a jack leg. Interviewer: okay do you use that other word for other things like when you talk about a jackleg teacher? 303: {NW} Interviewer: or jackleg governor 303: y- yeah? {D; heard} that expression. Interviewer: what about mechanic? 303: mechanic? Interviewer: uh-huh 303: well you talking about uh mechanic in a uh filling the stations? Interviewer: uh-huh would you talk about a jackleg mechanic? 303: yeah a jackleg mechanic. Interviewer: you ever heard of shade? 303: you ever heared what? Interviewer: shade tree? 303: yes ma'am shade shade tree. Interviewer: what does that mean? 303: uh exactly I couldn't tell you Interviewer: okay um what relation to my mother's sister be to me? 303: mother's sister. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: your mother's Interviewer: yeah my mother's sister 303: it's be uh aunt wouldn't it? Interviewer: what's that? 303: aunt? Interviewer: okay um did you ever hear that word said a little bit differently? did you ever hear aunt? 303: aunt. Interviewer: who says it that way ? {NS} auntie. 303: {X} Interviewer: is that how you call your aunt? 303: my aunt your aunt {X} wherever it may be. {NS} Interviewer: do you have any aunts? 303: mm no I don't have no aunts living. Interviewer: when they were living what what did you call them? 303: {NS} I called aunt {D: nanny}. Interviewer: mm-hmm okay now the name of the wife of Abraham. 303: hmm I know it but I can't I can't think {NW} say what it is Interviewer: #1 but I # 303: #2 yeah # {D: I hear it called} but I I can't call it in my mind now. Interviewer: um Sally is a nickname for 303: for Interviewer: starts with an S Sa- 303: {X} Interviewer: what's that? 303: uh Interviewer: Sarah or 303: Sarah Interviewer: have you heard that name? 303: I've heard it yes I've Interviewer: okay what what was that again? 303: Sarah Interviewer: okay um {NS} okay if um the name Bill is short for 303: for a man Interviewer: yeah it's short for what what the full name? Will 303: Will Interviewer: okay Will is short for what? What would be the person's full name? not Will but 303: {NW} Will Bill uh {NS} Interviewer: what about Will William? 303: Will William? Interviewer: what about William did 303: {NW} uh well I now that'd be Will William. Interviewer: okay um if your father had a brother named William you'd call him 303: uncle William Interviewer: okay and um the last book in the of the four gospels it goes Matthew Mark Luke and 303: John? Interviewer: okay and if your father had a brother by that name you'd call him {NS} 303: uncle John. Interviewer: okay and the highest rank in the army is 303: lieutenant Interviewer: mm-kay higher than that. 303: general. Interviewer: okay um and person who introduced Kentucky fried chicken. 303: introduced it. Interviewer: yeah somebody Sanders cor- 303: wasn't it {D: mindy pearl}? Interviewer: no you're thinking of someone someone else a man {NS} what's another title in the army? you could have general or 303: {NS} {D: sergeant} Interviewer: okay what else? 303: um Interviewer: #1 what about cor- # 303: #2 lieu- # huh? Interviewer: cor- 303: colonel. Interviewer: okay and um the man in charge of a ship is called 303: {NW} is called charge of what? Interviewer: a ship 303: uh I couldn't tell you. Interviewer: what about cap- 303: oh Interviewer: cap- 303: #1 cap- # Interviewer: #2 cap- # 303: captain? Interviewer: okay uh did you ever hear that word did you ever hear that word used to white people? 303: used used for white people. Interviewer: yeah 303: yes I've heard it Interviewer: who who would say that if I heard that lingo? 303: well uh like some people move into town and they say that's some white people moved in town today. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: a neighbor a new neighbor Interviewer: okay I'm talking about the word captain though. 303: huh? Interviewer: I'm talking about the word captain 303: captain. Interviewer: captain 303: #1 captain # Interviewer: #2 cap # 303: captain uh uh I can't think that far. Interviewer: okay um the man who presides over the county court is called a {NS} 303: th- the mayor Interviewer: okay or um okay but the one who's over the court would be the county 303: judge. Interviewer: okay and someone who goes to school is called a {NS} 303: someone who goes to school is called what? Interviewer: is called what yeah 303: a schoolgirl a schoolboy. Interviewer: okay what about say if you go to college then you'd call it a college 303: {NS} uh that's a little Interviewer: a college stu- 303: student. Interviewer: okay um and a woman who works in in an office and takes care of the male and does the typing and so forth is called a 303: uh uh I know it I know it but I can't speak it. Interviewer: yeah you know you might see her sitting in a desk in the office and 303: she's the office girl. Interviewer: okay or the sec- sec- 303: uh the secretary. Interviewer: okay and a man on a stage would be an actor a woman would be an what? {NS} 303: she would be uh {D: have to pull that out} I can't. Interviewer: okay a man would be an actor. a woman would be a 303: a {D: servant} Interviewer: okay or an act- 303: oh actress. Interviewer: okay um if you're born in the United States then you're a what? 303: um American. Interviewer: okay um okay and um okay we talked earlier about words for colored people words for white people you know words for 303: mm-hmm Interviewer: like um okay can can you tell me what words you have like according to how dark or how light your skin is? 303: #1 well # Interviewer: #2 and # words that you don't like or words that are just joking so forth 303: well it's uh black. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: uh or yellow Interviewer: what's yellow? 303: uh {X} uh he's black. {NS} Interviewer: what's yellow? 303: what's yellow? Interviewer: uh-huh you used that word talking about colored people. 303: {X} {NS} {NW} {X} {D: Atlanta} Interviewer: uh-huh 303: that's uh a girl {D: a yelling} she's a girl you can't {D: put her out there and dress her up} you can't stand and tell whether she white or black or brown skin or or yellow. Interviewer: uh-huh okay um you use the word dark before what does that mean? is that an old-fashioned word or? 303: yeah yea- yeah that's a an old-fashioned word uh dark or uh colored people. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: uh black people. Interviewer: uh-huh do you like that word black? 303: yeah I like it. {NW} {D: try it and you're going} Interviewer: uh-huh 303: black but uh some use why of course there ain't no color red red people that's a red indian. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: alright now the dark the creek indian {NS} is a dark indian and the creek indian and there's another there's white indian. Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 303: #2 and the red indian # {D: you got the priest high and looked at my life all heart of it} Interviewer: oh yeah they are beautiful. 303: and the black indian {D: puts his arm and little kin up} the black indian. the dark indian. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: and uh but they ain't much different uh they both they're all indian Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: but just different types of indians. Interviewer: yeah what words do you have for types of white people? 303: what word? Interviewer: mm-hmm like white people that okay mentioned already peckerwood is an insulting word to use. what other words did colored people use for white people? 303: they use uh {D: aunt} and and mister and {D: aunt and other aunt} uh in old times they used master. #1 master. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 303: and misses master and misses. Interviewer: uh-huh 303: they call all white people dark master old master and old misses Interviewer: mm-hmm what about words to insult white people? 303: well you'd called them a peckerwood and such. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and you'd call 'em there's another word uh poor trash. Interviewer: mm-hmm 303: and you're in something mighty quick Interviewer: yeah 303: and there's another word you can call 'em {X} {D: it be to you pretty quick} I forgot now what it is. {X} there's three three different words you can call 'em you got a fight on your hand um and uh {NS} but I can't recall it pale Interviewer: #1 what # 303: #2 pale face # Interviewer: pale face? 303: you call a white person pale face and they'll knock you down. colored people well now {D: he'll lie on side} say that and get by with it but still he don't like it because a- at least {X} the own person calls him his own color and the colored person didn't have to start it and so. {D: I never I never} did start it and I never will. Interviewer: okay um any other words for how about people who live out in the country? #1 or they live in the mountains # 303: #2 well # they call hillbillies. Interviewer: okay 303: they didn't they colored person calls him that he he won't bother no Interviewer: call him what? 303: They would call him hillbilly {D: he he regretted that} Interviewer: yeah any other words like that? 303: uh a mountain {D: hill jerk} Interviewer: {X} 303: yeah someone you don't like that too much. and he don't like it {X} 303: Brown skin or high yellow or high brown {NS} {X} {C: tape silence} He don't want you to call him that. Interviewer: He doesn't want you to call him what? 303: {D: mulatto} {C: tape noise} That's the color. {C: tape noise} color {X} And then they call him that. {D: The dark} {X} And white people didn't call {C: tape noise} A white nigger. {NW} A white nigger. {C: tape noise} Interviewer: You've heard that. High high yellow? 303: High yellow. Or high brown. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: Uh they call me {C: tape noise} what they call me. {C: tape noise} {X} {C: tape noise} washed you {X} {X} they call them for an extra name shine. Interviewer: Shine. 303: Shine. {NS} Interviewer: Who calls them that? 303: #1 Huh? # Interviewer: #2 White people # or black people? 303: No that's black people. Interviewer: I mean that- black people call black people that or 303: No the- the- the {C: tape noise} black people call one another shine Interviewer: #1 {D: Sometimes} # 303: #2 {D: sometimes} # And I know white people calls them shine. Hey shine. Yeah, come here. {X} He's alright with that. He {C: tape noise} do what he wants to do. Interviewer: Yeah. {C: tape noise} 303: No. He- he {X} It don't fit to call him {X} {C: tape noise} He's uh on the negro side uh if he's black or brown or {X} {NS} Uh he goes in the negro class. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: Negro. {X} You know nigga but {C: tape noise} that's the short. {C: tape noise} the right name is negro. Interviewer: Yeah. 303: -ro. {C: tape noise} Interviewer: Um {NS} if you use the word common about a person is that good or bad? {C: tape noise} 303: Common. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Say the person is common. {C: tape noise} 303: Well {C: tape noise} no that's alright. That's {C: tape noise} pretty good {C: tape noise} for him if he's common. {C: tape noise} pretty good. {NS} Interviewer: What if you say that a girl is common? Does that mean anything different? 303: No. No. Interviewer: Okay. Um {C: tape noise} And uh do you ever hear the word oh Do you ever hear the word honky? Or hunky? 303: Honky? Yeah. I- yeah. Honky. {D: or honky} {C: tape noise} {NS} That means to oh uh word that somebody give you. Uh if somebody's called a honky. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. {NS} They call white people that? Or black people? Or what? {NS} 303: Well I hear white people call one another honky but I never did no negro. {NS} Interviewer: Yeah. {C: tape noise} 303: White people sometimes use it but I don't {C: tape noise} hear the nigger and negro uh whatever his name is {C: tape noise} {X} I've traveled in five different states. When I was a young man I never heard of that {NS} up until now. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 303: I never. {X} {NS} Interviewer: Where- where did you travel? {NS} 303: Huh? Interviewer: Where did you travel? {C: tape noise} 303: {X} Illinois. {C: tape noise} Kentucky. {C: tape noise} Maryland. And uh {C: tape noise} {X} {NS} Interviewer: Okay say it wasn't quite midnight and someone asked you what time it is. You'd say Oh it isn't quite midnight yet but it's 303: {X} five minutes to midnight. {C: tape noise} Interviewer: You say this Say you go outside and it's {C: tape noise} real icy and slippery. You say uh it's really hard to walk out there. Um {C: tape noise} I kept my balance you know but {C: tape noise} but I like {C: tape noise} a couple a' times I like 303: to fell. {C: tape noise} {X} to fall. {C: tape noise} Like to fall. I like to {C: tape noise} Interviewer: And say someone's waiting for you to get ready {C: tape noise} y'all could go somewhere. And they call out to you and ask you if you'll 303: You're ready. Interviewer: Yeah. And you say well I'll be with you in in 303: five minutes. Interviewer: Or in ju- just- {C: tape noise} 303: Uh {C: tape noise} just {C: tape noise} Interviewer: You say just you know one minute. I'll be with you in 303: in just w- one minute or five. Whatever it is. Interviewer: Okay now say you're going toward Nashville. And you know you're on the right road but you're not sure of the distance. You'd ask somebody how 303: How {X} is it in to Nashville? Interviewer: Okay. And if you wanted to know how many times say that I drove into Watertown You might ask me how {NS} 303: Going to town to {C: tape noise} get some groceries. I'll have my car fixed or something. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And you want to know how many times. You'd ask someone how {C: tape noise} what do you go into town? How {C: tape noise} 303: How many times. Interviewer: Or how o- 303: I'd go to town about twice a week. {NS} Interviewer: Say if if you're given a choice of two things um {C: tape noise} and someone asks you know. Which one do you want? And you say Oh it doesn't make any difference to me. Just give me 303: uh just give me the the first thing you had {C: tape noise} Interviewer: Or just give me one. Just give me 303: {X} Give me one. Interviewer: Just give me {NS} What one. Just give me 303: Give me the one on the right. Interviewer: Okay. Um Or say um {NS} Okay um 303: {NW} Interviewer: Pointing out parts of your body now. This part of my head 303: Mm. Interviewer: is called my {NS} forehead. 303: or either my {NS} Uh some would call it {X} my forehead. Or either my skull. Interviewer: Okay and this is my {NS} 303: What? Interviewer: This is 303: my hair. {C: tape noise} Interviewer: And on a man hair here would be a {C: tape noise} 303: Whiskers. Interviewer: Okay or you'd call that a Say if you hadn't shaved in a couple of days you'd say you must be growing a 303: mustache. Interviewer: Or a 303: Or a Interviewer: a be- 303: {X} a beard. Interviewer: Okay and this is my {C: tape noise} 303: Ear. Interviewer: Which one? 303: Left. Interviewer: Huh? 303: My left ear. Interviewer: And this is my 303: right. Interviewer: My what? 303: Right ear. {NS} Interviewer: Okay. And this is my 303: mouth. Interviewer: And this is my {NS} 303: throat. {NS} Interviewer: Or the whole thing is the 303: neck. Interviewer: Okay. What does the word goozle mean? 303: Huh? Interviewer: The word goozle? 303: Yes ma'am. {C: tape noise} It's right here. {C: tape noise} Interviewer: That thing that sticks out? 303: Uh-huh. {C: tape noise} Interviewer: Okay what- what did you call that? {NS} 303: Uh goozle. Interviewer: Okay. Uh {NS} 303: Swallow. {X} Y- You swallow. Interviewer: Okay. Um and these are my {C: tape noise} 303: teeth. Interviewer: And this would be one 303: one teeth out or something. Interviewer: Okay this um 303: {X} teeth. Interviewer: Okay. You s- Say you go to the dentist and the dentist says he has to fill that 303: that {NS} fill that plug. {C: tape noise} Interviewer: Or {C: tape noise} This is my front {NS} 303: front front teeth. {NS} Two two front teeth. I forgot what they're called. Interviewer: Um but you'd call one of them just one of them would be called {C: tape noise} one {C: tape noise} 303: one tooth. Interviewer: Okay. {C: tape noise} Um and the flesh around your teeth. {NS} 303: Huh? {C: tape noise} Interviewer: flesh around your teeth? 303: It would be gum. {C: tape noise} Interviewer: Okay. And this part of my hand? {C: tape noise} 303: Palm of my hand. Interviewer: Okay. And this is a {C: tape noise} 303: My my fist. Interviewer: {X} two? 303: Two {C: tape noise} uh my right and left. Interviewer: Okay these are two 303: two fists. Interviewer: Okay. And the place where the bones come together. You call that a 303: joint. Interviewer: And on a man {C: background noise} on a man this part of his body would be called a 303: breast. Interviewer: Uh would you say that about a man? {C: tape noise} 303: Breast. Interviewer: {C: tape noise} Um is there another word for that? {NS} 303: Chest. Interviewer: Okay um And {C: tape noise} these are my 303: shoulder. Interviewer: Okay. And this is one 303: joint. Interviewer: Or one 303: Or one hand. Interviewer: And two? 303: Uh two hands. Interviewer: Okay. And this is my 303: uh leg. Interviewer: And this is my 303: feet. Foot. Interviewer: Okay and two would be 303: two feet. Interviewer: Okay. {NS} Um and this bone right here that's real sensitive. {C: tape noise} 303: {X} {C: background noise} Interviewer: Okay but this bone here. 303: That's the main part of the bone {X} Interviewer: Okay. Do you ever call it shins {C: tape noise} 303: Shank bone. Interviewer: Shank bone? 303: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Okay. Um if I got down like this you'd say that I {C: tape noise} 303: Uh Interviewer: How do you call that? 303: Uh {C: tape noise} I can't {C: tape noise} uh sit down in a stoop. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 303: And uh uh I know it but I can't talk. {C: tape noise} Interviewer: Okay. {NS} Okay or you say you're down on your {NS} 303: Hunker? Interviewer: Okay. Um say somebody's been sick for a while and he's up and about now {C: tape noise} but he still looks a bit {C: tape noise} 303: bit under the weather. Interviewer: Okay. Or would you use another {C: tape noise} expression for that? 303: Or he's {C: tape noise} doing a lot better. Interviewer: Okay. Um Someone who could lift heavy weights that has been oh real healthy and so forth you'd say that he's 303: A giant. Interviewer: Okay but someone who is um you say he's big and 303: and heavy {NS} and big and stout. Interviewer: Okay. {C: tape noise} Um {C: tape noise} Would you ever use the word stout talking about butter that was turning bad? {C: tape noise} 303: {C: background noise} Interviewer: Talking about butter that was turning bad. 303: Oh. {C: tape noise} Interviewer: Someone's knocking on your door. {NS} on your back door. 303: {X} {C:someone comes in} This lady is ta- is {X} taking old records {C: tape noise} uh from all the people Uh she's a school girl {NS} and she {X} and uh she- she asks you a lotta questions and see if you can answer 'em. I'm answering about {X} aux: From back in your 303: Back in my young days before I come through {X} And uh my daddy was born and my grandpa {C: tape noise} my second grandpa. {X} {C: tape noise} two for {X} aux: {X} 303: {D: I couldn't help it} Of course they skipped over that. If I couldn't tell you And that's what she {X} Just {X} She says this it's for her I don't have now no money or nothing. Just {X} She is going to school. It helps her more than it does me although I'm just sitting here telling what she asked me. aux: Well the uh let me excuse my interruption but let me say one thing. 303: Yeah. aux: That uh back in your days and in mine down to present time {X} {X} 303: Some other thing. aux: {X} You know what we're drifting to now and we don't understand? 303: No. aux: Like what she's getting now 303: Mm. aux: And you would {X} what you would think. {C: tape noise} I'll put it this way. {NS} 303: {NW} aux: What we don't have in this country what we used to have 303: #1 Mm-hmm. # aux: #2 {X} # you know we used to could go out on these places they don't go and cut some fine timber and build homes. 303: That's right. aux: They see it's done gone now. 303: #1 Uh # aux: #2 {D: See what I mean? # 303: Yeah. aux: {X} that people today 303: Uh-huh. aux: Would back in the times I've just now spoke about cutting the timber and build buildings in this country they don't have now they used to have. Cuz I remember when you coulda {X} You could find it. You don't find 303: #1 {X} # aux: #2 it today. # {X} 303: Mm-hmm. aux: {X} And uh understand we get good people #1 {X} # 303: #2 yeah that's right. # aux: {X} {X} 303: That's right. aux: And uh 303: {NW} aux: {X} drove on up. Drove on up down to the {X} {C: tape noise} 303: That's right. aux: {X} {D: The water uphill now} and it get a lotta drift and it drift down and if the water get backed up it gonna run over someone. {X} 303: I see. {C: tape noise} aux: That uh starting place uh {X} {X} 303: Yeah. aux: But as time moves on {X} {C: tape noise} 303: #1 And the whole thing # aux: #2 Well they going # thing started with these good things come from. 303: {X} aux: They come from {X} You see what I mean? 303: Yes. aux: They started from {X} {C: tape noise} that people {X} They going this a way and we hoping they go the right way but then you get a bunch a' birds {X} 303: That's right. aux: {X} {NS} That's what the ladies looking for now. I talked to a lady when I {X} And she get off her time. You know they have different shifts? 303: Yeah. aux: {X} miss Smith that I'm gonna talk with you. I told {X} 303: {NW} aux: {D: seventy years} {C: tape noise} and they just growing 303: {X} aux: {X} 303: Yeah. aux: {D: I could tell her some things} {X} {C: tape noise} {X} 303: Mm-hmm. aux: And so we should- I am proud of the young people 303: That's taking it aux: that's taking up the {X} {C: tape noise} what we started and {D: what- what we headed to now} {C: tape noise} We need to find them them {X} 303: That's right. {C: tape noise} aux: {X} save lives. After the operations I've had 303: Yeah. aux: I know years ago they couldn't {X} {C: background noise} time to {X} {C: tape noise} That's what we're proud of {C: tape noise} It's already done and spent the time {C: tape noise} {D: for some just- I'll put it this way. Just ain't themselves.} You say oh you tell me something. {X} as when you told me you're gonna do that and then time's run out and you hadn't done it {X} 303: Yeah. I see. aux: See what I mean? 303: Yeah I see. aux: {X} 303: I see what you mean. {C: tape noise} pretty good aux: {C: background noise} generations 303: Mm. aux: {X} You know what the good book says. 303: Yeah. aux: You grow old I mean {X} 303: {X} aux: {X} 303: Yes sir. aux: {D: See we don't come to that point.} {X} 303: Yes. aux: {X} the young ladies {X} tell you things that {C: tape noise} back in {X} back in my days and your days {X} {C: tape noise} 303: have the opportunity to- to qualify {X} or anything else aux: {C: tape noise} {X} {C: tape noise} You know what's happening lately? 303: Mm-mm. aux: {C: tape noise} But God almighty put us on this planet 303: Mm. aux: He didn't put us {X} {C: tape noise} how else they could come to that conclusion {X} it's going {C: background noise} {X} But you know what he said? He said {X} {C: tape noise} {X} {C: tape noise} and then go up {X} and do these things and still maybe come back alive. 303: Mm. aux: But some a' these days you know {X} 303: Yeah. I see what you mean. {C: tape noise} aux: {X} 303: Mm. aux: out of {X} {C: tape noise} 303: Yeah I guess he did. aux: But he {X} You see he's so good. The lord is so good and kind. {X} woman or man. Either one {X} get on the right side and come over here. {C: tape noise} 303: That's right. aux: {X} {C: tape noise} 303: Yeah well {X} {X} aux: {NW} 303: {X} aux: {NW} 303: {X} {X} {C: tape noise} aux: No I didn't {X} I'll come down {C: tape noise} five gallons of 303: #1 gas # aux: #2 gas # and poured it into tractor tank {X} but I pulled out {C: tape noise} 303: {X} Well you've certainly done that aux: {X} {C: tape noise} 303: How many operations you had? aux: Three. {X} 303: Mm. {C: tape noise} aux: {X} I've asked the lord {X} {C: tape noise} and guide me in the way he should have me to go. 303: Mm. aux: {X} 303: Uh-huh. aux: {X} If you got your faith in the almighty and then he will speak to your conscience. Your conscience always guides you anyhow. 303: It guides you. That's aux: #1 Your # 303: #2 right. # aux: conscience. It guides you. {X} It guides you. {NS} And you can start down a road {X} Well I'm gonna do something wrong but that old conscience gonna {X} like you know you ain't doing right. 303: Yeah. aux: {X} {X} ain't no good thing gonna come to you. {C: background noise} 303: That's right. aux: Trying to get you {X} {C: tape noise} {X} 303: Come aux: You come out there {X} {C: tape noise} {X} 303: That's right. aux: {C: tape noise} 303: That's right. {C: tape noise} aux: {X} 303: Mm-hmm. aux: The thing that I'm trying to do in an honest way 303: Mm. aux: {X} {NS} The lord I ask you to make me able 303: Yeah. aux: do these things 303: Yeah. aux: and I ain't doing nothing {X} 303: Yeah. aux: do these things. Then uh {C: background noise} {X} get out here and just say I'm gonna do something mean just {X} do the thing I don't go {D: in that direction} 303: {X} aux: {X} {X} and I'm not gonna just become {C: tape noise} cuz I'm not myself. {C: tape noise} I belong to the master. 303: Mm-hmm. aux: Cuz he wanna pick me up {C: tape noise} ball of clay 303: Mm-hmm. aux: and blow breath in me {C: background noise} they walk around thinking control yourself {X} so long. 303: That's right. aux: But you belong to God. 303: Mm-hmm. {X} Obey his order. aux: That's what I say. You belong to him. 303: Yeah. aux: You don't even have no control {C: tape noise} {X} 303: {X} what do you mean next time you're doing that trap thing aux: No I didn't {X} By the time I did start it uh you know {C: tape noise} 303: yeah but that's all right {X} but don't you ride that thing Well aux: Don't let me interfere {X} {C: tape noise} {X} 303: {D: I don't notice} {X} {C: tape noise} aux: {D: know for myself} {C: tape noise} {X} just keep on 303: Mm. aux: trusting {X} always the same come your way {X} 303: Mm. aux: {X} {C: background noise} do something or say something to somebody else and have all these good things come to you {X} {C: tape noise} He's able to do that. 303: He's able to do it. {X} {C: background noise} {C: tape noise} aux: I can't think of the name now {X} {X} {NS} {D: Michigan} {NS} {X} My home town. I was raised there. 303: Yeah. {X} aux: Yeah. I had 'em {X} 303: Mm. aux: {X} {C: tape noise} most of 'em {X} 303: Mm-hmm. aux: {X} {C: background noise} 303: Oh I see. aux: {C: tape noise} 303: I wanted to ask you this too. Uh {X} When you got to go back to doctor {X} aux: {X} I'm going back to {C: tape noise} 303: {X} aux: {X} I shoulda went back {C: tape noise} this coming friday but uh I put 'em off. {C: tape noise} {X} 303: Mm. aux: And I just what I wanna do I wanna {X} when I go back or I might have to go back {X} not have to go every week. 303: I see. aux: You know {X} I've asked him. I said doctor what about {D: me just} {X} 303: Mm. {NS} aux: Two weeks he said be just fine. 303: Mm-hmm. aux: And I'm gonna give myself time you know. 303: I see. aux: Yeah. 303: See what you mean. aux: Get well. 303: Yeah. {D: You wanna be in better shape} if you can. Uh let's see aux: So {X} our hay need to be cut 303: Yeah. aux: {X} need to be done. 303: {X} uh uh {X} too aux: Oh lordy you can say that again. 303: Yeah it's gonna be people gonna have a hard time {C: background noise} {X} in this country. {X} {C: tape noise} aux: And I'm gonna tell you another thing {X} {C: tape noise} And you {X} {C: tape noise} And you know that good book says {C: tape noise} 303: {X} aux: {X} 303: {X} aux: {X} 303: Mm. {C: tape noise} aux: Did you know {X} 303: #1 Yeah. # aux: #2 You know why we call 'em that? # 303: No. aux: Cuz that man is up yonder. He {X} {X} {C: tape noise} forget it cuz if you do {X} 303: Mm. aux: {X} people down here are you know {C: background noise} 303: Yeah. aux: But I said {X} {D: done mean things over night and every day} 303: Yeah. aux: {X} 303: {X} aux: You'll come along some time and {X} 303: Yeah. {X} aux: {X} You hit me and I'll hit you back. {X} You can't fight power with power. 303: No. {NS} No That's right. aux: {X} You got to have something {X} {C: tape noise} You hit me and I hit you back. We ain't doing no good. 303: No. aux: {X} {C: tape noise} {X} I've seen two women get up fighting {X} {C: tape noise} 303: {X} aux: You got to have 'em 303: Got to have something {C: tape noise} aux: If you let somebody come along {C: tape noise} {X} 303: Mm. aux: {D: If you were around at that time I said you might could tell me something {C: tape noise} and uh {NS} {C: tape noise} that you want to be uh {C: tape noise} {D: be a corn maker} {X} 303: Yeah. aux: {X} sitting on side of the bed and I was sitting on the big rocking chair 303: Mm. aux: And she said well {D: says uh} {C: background noise} {C: tape noise} {X} my mama could {D: tell her for me} 303: Yeah {X} aux: {X} {C: background noise} {X} {C: tape noise} {X} 303: Yeah. {X} aux: {X} {C: tape noise} and so {X} someday you'll go ahead and learn {X} 303: Yeah. Yeah. aux: You know most our people {X} for one reason. They don't {X} long enough. {C: background noise} cuz that {X} {C: background noise} {X} and that knot's untied {C: background noise} {C: tape noise} {X} {D: do a whole lotta shopping} 303: {X} aux: Before you do and I said don't let {X} {C: background noise} marry him. I say he won't be a husband. He just {X} just a {X} 303: Yeah. aux: {C: tape noise} {X} Alright. {X} sixteen or seventeen eighteen nineteen year olds 303: That's right. aux: Well alright if you don't mind. 303: Mm-hmm. aux: {X} too young. 303: Yeah. That's right. {X} aux: what it means to you. {X} years ago when I was young {C: tape noise} so and so {X} {D: well you do like it very much} He likes you very much. {C: tape noise} 303: {X} aux: {X} {D: go ahead and run} maybe {X} where you get into 303: Yeah. aux: on down to {X} look at a rose bush and you see some {C: tape noise} {X} {C: tape noise} {X} let you dance with some other man. He gonna let some other man dance with you. {X} {C: tape noise} There you go. {X} {C: tape noise} You didn't mean no harm {C: tape noise} {X} 303: Yes sir. aux: {D: There you go again} 303: Trouble. In Trouble. That's right. aux: And I told {X} my mother and father you know working with me so hard {C: tape noise} {X} {C: tape noise} 303: That's right. aux: {X} took him anyhow. 303: That's right. {C: tape noise} aux: {X} {C: tape noise} {X} {C: tape noise} have a home. You have a beautiful home. {X} {C: tape noise} {X} 303: {X} aux: #1 {X} # 303: #2 {X} # sixteen to seventeen. aux: {X} 303: Yeah. They gonna wait that {C: tape noise} aux: {X} 303: When you're in your truck. aux: Mm. {NS} 303: Uh {X} hard to drive when aux: #1 No. # 303: #2 {X} # aux: {X} operating I had I couldn't drive {X} last operation {C: background noise} {X} 303: {X} aux: And don't try to get into no big rush. 303: {D: I see.} Just take it easy aux: {X} {C: tape noise} 303: Well aux: I just thought I'd stop by and hello say hello to you. 303: Yeah well I'm glad you stopped. {C: tape noise} aux: Well tell this young lady {X} she's a young lady {X} 303: Mm. aux: All the things you could tell {X} cuz Say they can {X} she can concentrate on that you know. 303: Yeah. aux: Separate these things one from another and get a lot out that means a lot. Like a lady told me on {X} 303: Mm. aux: that uh what I had told {X} 303: Mm. aux: {X} Said I'll always keep that in mind {X} your friends {X} another thing what we can't do. {C: tape noise} {X} above he's able to {X} Now sometime I have seen {X} 303: Yeah. aux: {X} going on that a way but it go on down to someplace {X} already been talking to your boyfriend {D: and maybe get a hold of it} {X} 303: Yes sir. aux: I've seen that happen {X} {NW} {X} {X} cuz you're always running the bakery 303: Yeah. aux: {X} {C: background noise} {X} 303: Yeah. aux: And just keep- always keep praying 303: Yeah. aux: {X} {C: tape noise} always open up the ways {X} he'll have him come right back. And like I said when that {X} 303: {X} aux: {X} 303: {X} aux: {C: tape noise} And when you're when he puts you {C: tape noise} 303: {D: then you're together} aux: ain't no one- your mama your daddy {X} ain't gonna separate it. 303: Mm. aux: Cuz when he joins you together that's a fact. {C: background noise} {C: tape noise} {X} {NS} 303: {X} aux: together that's a fact. {C: tape noise} 303: That's right. {C: tape noise} aux: Without that I'm gonna tell you {C: tape noise} {X} in life. {D: There'll always be some conflict.} 303: Mm-hmm. aux: Or if you let god join you 303: Now aux: Your mama can't separate. Your daddy can't. 303: That's aux: Your sisters and brothers won't be no separation. Or friend or who. 303: Uh-huh. aux: When God joins you together that's when I said {X} {X} 303: Now. aux: {X} {C: tape noise} Yeah before you say I will. 303: Now. {X} {C: tape noise} aux: I know what I'm saying cuz I done seen it happen {X} what's happened to me. 303: Yeah. {C: tape noise} aux: If I didn't know what done happened and what will happen 303: Mm-hmm. aux: Oh I could tell you some things. 303: Well Chris I wanna ask this before you leave. {C: tape noise} I hear it other day that uh that bottom field down there {C: tape noise} your wife wouldn't let you s- wouldn't sign it unless you sell. aux: Well no she don't wanna. {X} dispose of it and uh 303: Well why? {C: tape noise} wouldn't it be better for you to let it go and aux: #1 {X} # 303: #2 {X} # aux: {X} 303: Mm. aux: at uh {C: tape noise} value to me. Not the {X} And now a' course I {X} other parts up there {X} corn or- or {X} 303: Yeah. aux: It- it {X} 303: See I just heared that so I wanna ask you {X} aux: {X} 303: {X} aux: {X} to sell it. 303: Oh. aux: And uh {X} {C: tape noise} 303: Well {X} aux: {D: time to} 303: Here's what I saw Why buy that while you're having so much trouble {X} {NS} all at once. And you wouldn't think about this coming on. {C: tape noise} I sold it it'd be {X} aux: #1 Well # 303: #2 That's what I think. # aux: I guess I guess it- I'll tell you what he told {X} 303: Mm-hmm. {NS} aux: is uh {C: tape noise} go down you can {X} {C: tape noise} {X} {C: background noise} {X} But now the- you know we've got too many people {C: tape noise} and those {X} {D: our population} is growing {X} at the- it takes a whole lot {X} I gotta lotta grandkids 303: Yeah. aux: And I've got children. 303: Yeah. aux: And you don't ever know {X} population is growing so spread out and everywhere you go down the highway {D: and in town} {X} and somebody got {X} {C: tape noise} 303: Well just so you know what that I prophesize Um uh {C: tape noise} back then when I was kinda the youngun and now I'm kinda the old old man. and I prophesized and the old men do prophesize and lots of them thinks that I'm dumb There'll be a time come that we can't get gas. {C: background noise} aux: It's a- it's about here now. 303: What? aux: It's- it's just about that {C: tape noise} in- in Nashville cost you a dollar a gallon now {C: tape noise} {X} ain't gonna be able to get gas. {C: tape noise} Now. {C: tape noise} Now. Cuz {X} {C: tape noise} 303: I heared that. {C: tape noise} that they doing it now Well when they allow {X} aux: foot what god gave you to walk on. 303: Oh Lord {C: tape noise} aux: {X} {C: tape noise} I'm gonna have to {X} living too fast. 303: Yeah. aux: Living their life too fast. 303: That's right. aux: You can go ahead and {X} you go ahead {X} {D: town out at night} 303: Yeah. aux: And since all these things {X} down yonder {X} running. Lotta running {C: tape noise} nothing just riding over town {X} And they just say I'm gonna live it up {X} there over yonder {C: tape noise} play it out. 303: Yeah. aux: You know we were letting it play out {C: tape noise} 303: Well {X} ain't they making as much gas as they ever was. {X} uh gas {C: tape noise} aux: {X} for a company. 303: Yeah. aux: So much of these oil fields {X} 303: talking about aux: {X} And I said the people kinda take over. {C: tape noise} {X} outta here. 303: Mm. aux: {X} {C: tape noise} drop in the bucket. {X} these people {X} and got these {D: big station} in place of gas {X} {C: tape noise} {X} 303: Yeah. aux: That's one of the problems {X} 303: Yeah. aux: {X} 303: Well I remember once {C: tape noise} that eh you had to have {C: background noise} Well I reckon {C: tape noise} aux: it might do it but {X} {C: tape noise} 303: {X} {C: tape noise} Oh I see. aux: {X} 303: Oh I see what you mean. aux: {X} last friday. 303: {X} aux: {C: tape noise} {X} {C: tape noise} coming back and forth to work and that's the way you got to make your living today. 303: Yeah. Well now {X} by them people with so many doing that {C: tape noise} what will they do if they they can't get no gas bout their job {C: tape noise} aux: {X} just like they water it down and {X} 303: Oh yeah. aux: Uh {X} {D: well they'll be fixed} all these people {X} just like you go down here and get some food stamps they don't know about what you're what you have done and how much you make before you {D: get there on food stamp day.} 303: Yeah. aux: {X} well I ain't doing nothing {X} {C: tape noise} {X} maybe enough gas to go to church on. And if you ain't got a {X} make your- on your living going to your work well you won't get no {C: tape noise} {X} 303: Mm. aux: Cuz I can't figure it all out {X} 303: No. aux: And I've got too much time I get to getting myself up yonder I don't have much time to look in on somebody else's trouble. 303: That's right. aux: Cuz I ain't able to help nobody. All I'm able to help {X} 303: Mm. aux: Just able to {X} but I'm too weak to help anybody. 303: That's right. aux: Cuz time might get to y- helping myself my hands are both full. 303: Mm. aux: #1 {X} # 303: #2 Right. # aux: {X} {C: background noise} seek him cuz he's able and I'm not. 303: Mm that's right. Ooh that's something. {NS} {C: tape noise} aux: {X} 303: Mm. {NS} aux: I laid down in the hospital three long weeks. 303: Good night. aux: There was a young lady. A man had his neck broke. He come {X} {C: tape noise} 303: Mm. aux: {X} There are six beds in a no four beds in a room where I was at {X} had a second operation. 303: Uh-huh. {C: tape noise} aux: And this little boy {X} about this high and a little girl little bit {C: tape noise} 303: Mm. aux: {X} she had one and there's four of 'em. And there's two girls and two boys but two of 'em the one the boy was married and the girl was married. 303: Mm. aux: And uh this man {C: background noise} {C: tape noise} 303: Mm. aux: And my bed made it four beds in that room. 303: Mm. aux: And {X} cuz I couldn't get up and walk {C: tape noise} and uh {NS} He come up right and talk with me. He had a {X} had a collar on his neck where he got his neck broke. {C: background noise} {X} say yes sir. That's my son 303: Mm. aux: and my daughter. They did come in to see me. 303: Mm. aux: I said well I said it's nice looking people. 303: Sure. aux: I said they're beautiful. 303: Mm. aux: And uh said I've got {X} couple down here 303: Mm. aux: And uh says uh living at him with him. {NS} And uh they come down. They still {X} daughter would've married the son {X} {C: tape noise} I guess the little girl and the little boy went on a date 303: Mm. aux: and they come in there {X} 303: Mm. aux: {X} 303: Mm. aux: Said is this miss smith? I say {X} throw it in the waste basket 303: Mm. aux: He said {X} I said well {X} I guess I don't know enough. 303: Yes sir. aux: And uh he shook hands with {X} little girl. 303: Mm. aux: And they went back sat down so 303: Mm-hmm. aux: {X} and I see a lady standing in the door down there 303: Mm. aux: when that first couple come up {C: background noise} 303: Mm-hmm. aux: Then uh {X} he come up uh and sat down {X} miss smith said do you see that woman standing out there on that thing looking head on {X} {C: tape noise} had on these green looking trousers. 303: Mm. aux: {X} what she had on. 303: #1 Yeah. # aux: #2 But I know # {X} 303: #1 Yeah. Yeah. # aux: #2 {X} # And uh I see him point down {X} {D: says that is my wife.} 303: Mm-hmm. aux: I said 303: {X} aux: {X} says I ain't. Say it used to be my wife. {X} 303: #1 Yeah. # aux: #2 That's the # wife a' these children {C: pronunciation} 303: Oh I see aux: And I said well I said excuse me I said I didn't know that. 303: Mm. aux: Said what's happened? I said if {X} doing some things you did {X} well I said no 303: Mm. aux: {X} {NS} And I said how come you still ain't a preacher? 303: Mm-hmm. aux: Said he just got off. I said now listen I said you know God don't give you nothing {X} you can give a somebody something and you get mad. Want him to give it back to you. 303: Yeah. aux: I said if you ever been the lord's servant. Accept him as your savior I said now you still {X} those away cuz he gonna give you things and take it away from you. 303: {X} aux: I say he's too kind to do that. {X} I say he's still that same God. 303: Yeah. aux: {X} {C: background noise} {X} {C: tape noise} 303: Mm. aux: {X} and a twenty year old boy. 303: Mm-hmm. aux: And he had a daughter. That daughter and son were {X} the daughter was {X} 303: Mm-hmm. aux: And uh I said they're beautiful. {X} {C: tape noise}