543:  Out in the forest where you know the people didn't go much but I don't know after a long time people smoked they killed them out.
Interviewer:  They did?
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  Uh were they uh just regular hogs or were they?
543:  Yes sir they were
Interviewer:  {X}
543:  They were just regular #1 hogs #
Interviewer:  #2 They're the worst #
543:  yes sir or they get uh sometime old if they live to get old you know by how nobody done kill 'em out or nothing old tush would grow plum out their mouth you know.
Interviewer:  Certainly.
543:  Yes sir! And if you crown them they will man they'll ru- they'll fight ya.
Interviewer:  They will?
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  You ever hear 'em called piney woods {X}?
543:  Yes sir they said we have them kind ya know.
Interviewer:  That's that's the same thing as a wild hog?
543:  Well some it not exactly you know pine hill {D: rooters} is just uh some small look like to me small size hog they don't get too large.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  Yes sir. Cause uh them really these wild hogs are just hogs that got out you know in just got straight away into the forest.
Interviewer:  Never came back.
543:  That's right, yeah.
Interviewer:  I've been working here all year and
543:  Oh!
Interviewer:  started over in West Side near in Hayucah places like that.
543:  Oh yes sir!
Interviewer:  I've been working across.
543:  Well I say.
Interviewer:  I really like the country and
543:  Well!
Interviewer:  I'd like to settle down.
543:  Yes sir, yes sir. Well I say!
Interviewer:  We were talking about uh somebody whose got money but he won't let loose of it.
543:  Yes sir! Right! That's right! That's right This is tight.
Interviewer:  and.. uh...
543:  {NW}
Interviewer:  uh when uh... when you When your mother would uh find she need something she'd say to your father "next time now you go to town" you what? Suppose she needs a knife "next time you go to town you be sure to"
543:  Buy buy a knife.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  Would you uh would she say buy knife? and uh and then fetch it home or how would that be used?
543:  Well she just tell 'em mostly I'll tell ya this about it ya know {NW} cause back then ya know you just buy a knife
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
543:  Yes sir, buy a knife.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  A {D: whicha} knife was never there.
Interviewer:  and uh then they would A merchant would take something and uh you just wouldn't give them a knife?
543:  No sir. No sir you'd wrap it up.
Interviewer:  You wouldn't?
543:  Yes sir you'd wrap it up in some paper or another.
Interviewer:  And uh uh could you describe that lil bit more? or just uh would you use string or?
543:  Ya well we would wrap it up in a piece of paper and then then they'd take a little thread string and tie wrap it around a few times and tie it.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  Yes sir And some call it call wrapping thread
Interviewer:  I see.
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  And when your father would bring it home would your children have a chance to?
543:  No sir they wouldn't have no chance no sir back then children didn't have nothing to do with they didn't.
Interviewer:  They didn't.
543:  No sir No sir.
Interviewer:  {X}
543:  That was their's and children not to mess with it.
Interviewer:  So the wife would uh
543:  She would get it unwrap it ya know
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  yes sir and put it up. No sir no sir not like it do now.
Interviewer:  #1 I see #
543:  #2 Need a # Switch to unwrap it
Interviewer:  Right Right
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  Uh was oxford uh always called a uh was it always the uh the center of Fayette county
543:  Yeah that's what they called it yes sir the center That's right. {X} Probably. It's always something about the center.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  And uh was it always where the government was Where the the In other words did you always call the county seat?
543:  Yes sir, yes sir. The county seat, right. It was the county seat. Yes sir that's right.
Interviewer:  And uh uh did you ever hear it called anything else uh when you were a boy?
543:  Oxford
Interviewer:  No uh yes. Would you say Oxford is a county site
543:  Yes, yes sir that's
Interviewer:  County town or
543:  Well that's what we call it the town you know the c- you know its you know the county we'd call it town.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. But uh what I'm interested in is whether because it is where the sheriff and everybody has would you call it always the county seat or or county site? In other words I heard a lotta different terms
543:  Courthouse or courthouse in everything you know. And I always just {NW} say where would you might say the county seat.
Interviewer:  Would you say county seat when you were a boy or would you have a different word?
543:  Well just mostly we'd say the town. Just say we'd call it going to town
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  And uh uh Did you hear much of would you tell me something of how people acted or regarded politics when you were younger?
543:  Well not I didn't know too much about it
Interviewer:  Was there respect uh?
543:  Oh right of course there was respectable everything you know that was concerned was respectable.
Interviewer:  And uh what was the attitude toward toward the men in office? Did you think about the men or the government or what?
543:  No well uh You well you asked me so what did you think about the men.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm Is that good or bad good or bad mans?
543:  Right, right yes sir. We thought we'd try to get the good man.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  and then he was the
Interviewer:  How did people uh Would you describe how people would uh? What their attitude was towards government? How would they say it? How would they talk about it?
543:  Well I'll tell you really we didn't hear too much about it back then enough to learn about it and everything. {NW} Well we would just try to go ahead and do what they t- tell us to do what we looked like I said had to do it all.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm What- what I mean is it seems to me that when I was a boy uh somebody would say well this must be good because it came from the government.
543:  Of course. Oh yes
Interviewer:  Is that how would?
543:  Yeah well really, really, really yes sir. We you know that's I haven't thought about that you know yes sir.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  Is that how people were saying
543:  Of course yes sir It'd be good because you know conflict other men of course and we thought the government you know was more strict
Interviewer:  Hmm
543:  than we know.
Interviewer:  It wasn't uh Republicans or Democrats it was somebody
543:  that
Interviewer:  you looked up to.
543:  That's it! Yes sir! Yes sir. Yes right, right. Yes sir. Yes sir that's right.
Interviewer:  And uh uh You hear a lot about law and order now a days uh how did you... how would you... how would you describe that when you were?
543:  Back young
Interviewer:  Yes uh-huh {X}
543:  #1 Old man #
Interviewer:  #2 People # Talk about it uh {NW}
543:  {NW} Oh well man uh Yes sir. {NS} Well the ways back in most of the time is what uh you know the people would say and that's what would be done.
Interviewer:  Would? Do people talk about? Would they say law and order or
543:  No sir, no sir They don't say No law and order. There's order. No law.
Interviewer:  Oh I get you
543:  Now.
Interviewer:  I see I see! Uh so you would have that big difference, isn't there?
543:  Right, right, right! Good point, good point that's right. Yes sir. Yeah.
Interviewer:  I see. Uh so you So if what wasn't an order the law was mean to
543:  Th- tha- that's what I'm talking about. Yes sir yes sir of course.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm I see. Well it would make a big difference.
543:  Of course yes sir, yes sir. Yes sir
Interviewer:  Um, did uh were people punished for or did they execute people?
543:  Yes sir
Interviewer:  They did uh and how how did they do it? There was no electric chair.
543:  Uh they would uh hang 'em.
Interviewer:  They would
543:  And burn 'em.
Interviewer:  They would? And without a trial? Was that uh sometimes?
543:  Well they might go through with a trial but all of us.
Interviewer:  Hmm I see. And would they uh uh would people take law to themselves sometimes?
543:  Of course, course, course, yes
Interviewer:  Around here?
543:  Yes sir, yes sir.
Interviewer:  Is that right?
543:  Yes sir, yes sir, yes sir.
Interviewer:  I know I interviewed a lady around here um what county was that? Can't remember she's eighty or eighty-four, I think and her brother was a sheriff and uh somebody was accused of something and some towns people went to the jail and they got the guy and out the jail and her brother couldn't do anything about it.
543:  Yes sir that that that's what, that's what I'm talking about. That's what I'm talking about yes sir. Right right.
Interviewer:  Phew
543:  Yes sir, yes sir.
Interviewer:  She said he didn't have the chance to do anything or they would've done the same thing to him.
543:  Right! Right! Right! Right yeah. That's what I'm talking about.
Interviewer:  Yeah... so... that's uh
543:  Yes sir
Interviewer:  Well that's not a very good system.
543:  Well
Interviewer:  Yeah not a very fair system Uh, so they they uh they'd hang them uh
543:  Fight 'em, hang 'em up and shoot 'em till they'd get tired and they'd come out of the car and drag 'em. {NS}
Interviewer:  Oh! Is that right In this? In LaFayette county? Is that right? Uh that's something else we don't know and understand you know?
543:  Right, right, right, right. Yes sir. Yes sir.
Interviewer:  As I say you don't have to.
543:  Well
Interviewer:  Worry about that surely I understand how you feel but
543:  Yes sir, yes sir, yes sir.
Interviewer:  Cause I said this will go straight to the university and not to..
543:  Well {NW} I didn't know how you wanted
Interviewer:  Oh I-I understand what you're...
543:  {NW} Yes sir.
Interviewer:  That's within your memory.
543:  Oh!
Interviewer:  {X}
543:  Sure, sure, yes sir, yes sir no it
Interviewer:  See I've read about it but I-I can't be sure never can be sure what you read in books.
543:  No sir Oh no sir #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 And uh # And uh I never heard uh not really heard very much from actual people until this lady talked to me.
543:  Yes sure sure sure. #1 I see #
Interviewer:  #2 But uh # And uh I forgot how the man was accused of uh He was in jail. The towns people were after him
543:  That's what they'll do they go out and Harass them and bring put them in jail. And take everything off of 'em. {NW}
Interviewer:  Would you like me to turn it off. Turn it off for a minute why don't I do that Well I guess there's no the thing is you never just write a letter.
543:  Oh no no no {X}
Interviewer:  Well in years to come balance is different.
543:  Yes sir that's right
Interviewer:  Things are right
543:  Sure, sure
Interviewer:  Wrong
543:  yes sir yes sir that's right.
Interviewer:  I was wondering if you could tell me how people used to speak to each other? Uh how to greet each other in the morning and say?
543:  Good morning.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh And uh uh say you'd have a uh a meal at noon and then after that?
543:  You'd say good evening.
Interviewer:  You'd say good evening.
543:  Good evening
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  And uh when would uh what would you say to somebody seven or eight o'clock at night?
543:  We'd still say good evening cause right, yes sir it's after.
Interviewer:  When you'd leave somebody at that time you'd say well
543:  Good night.
Interviewer:  Goodnight
543:  Goodnight
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  And uh uh when you meet a friend and when you meet a stranger when you're a boy how would you? Would you describe those greetings? Suppose you meet someone you've known all your life uh came to Oxford. How would you greet him? how would you greet someone who didn't know very well?
543:  Yes sir Well we with men that we know well and everything we'd be glad to shake hands with them you know and greet 'em hi {NW} how you'd be getting along along and so you'd think a stranger then maybe say hi or good morning or something and that would be about all.
Interviewer:  I see.
543:  Yes sir
Interviewer:  And uh when somebody came to see you and uh you had a nice visit and you left you'd say well good to see you now?
543:  Goodbye.
Interviewer:  Goodbye and you wanted him to comeback again what would you say
543:  You say come back again.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
543:  Glad to have ya or something.
Interviewer:  Okay. And at Christmas what, how do you greet somebody at Christmas
543:  Well you know well we call it uh Christmas gift.
Interviewer:  What
543:  Christmas gift.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Can you tell me more about that uh
543:  Well {NW} because uh you know back home we calls it Christmas. Uh just uh we just Seem like its uh different spirit during Christmas towards
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  the people. Of course we glad to meet and call it Christmas you know because it's Christ's birthday of course we call it you know
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And uh if uh would you get a gift?
543:  {NW} Yes sir we get a gift and and and give a gift you know
Interviewer:  I see
543:  Yes sir. We are glad to you know change, swap the gift.
Interviewer:  And how about the first of January what would you say then
543:  Say new year,
Interviewer:  {NW}
543:  new year.
Interviewer:  Happy New Year.
543:  Happy New Year. Yes sir.
Interviewer:  Happy New Year. Would you ever say New year's gift? Or is that...
543:  Well sometimes but not no mostly say happy new year.
Interviewer:  Oh. I see.
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  And uh uh suppose um these are um um these are clocks and this the hour hand and this is the minute hand.
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  How would you describe that time
543:  Well by the time that goes uh see by way we call it is uh by it's fifteen minutes till eleven.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
543:  And when that go come around again uh then it'd be fifteen till twelve Uh bout that time by twelve o' clock this hand will be up at, both of 'em will be on twelve.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
543:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  And on this one...How would you... what time would that
543:  Well it'd be seven thirty by that one then.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
543:  Seven thirty.
Interviewer:  Do you ever say half uh
543:  Oh uh yes sir uh Seven thirty a half Half after seven.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  And do you ever say a quarter?
543:  Quarter till eleven.
Interviewer:  Okay.
543:  Yes sir. #1 Quarter till #
Interviewer:  #2 And uh # would you uh tell me how old you were when you had your first watch?
543:  Watch. Oh man! #1 I was old. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
543:  I was old. We didn't know too much about them though.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
543:  Uh I think I was about thirty years old when I had my first watch
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
543:  because it look like I thought I could needed other things more s-
Interviewer:  I see. Uh-huh. And uh that was a pocket uh
543:  Yes sir! A pocket watch Yes sir a pocket watch.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  And uh how did you refer to the sun Uh... You'd say on the farm, you have to get up.
543:  About sun up.
Interviewer:  Sun up.
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm you finish you might not finish your chores by
543:  Sun-down.
Interviewer:  Sun-down.
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
543:  Sun-down.
Interviewer:  And the... you said the time after the noon? Any time after noon to dark?
543:  #1 On #
Interviewer:  #2 To dark #
543:  To dark yes sir and then after that the evening
Interviewer:  I see.
543:  Yes sir good evening yes sir.
Interviewer:  And uh if today is Friday then yesterday was
543:  Thursday.
Interviewer:  Thursday.
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  And if today is Friday then Saturday is
543:  Tomorrow.
Interviewer:  Tomorrow
543:  Tomorrow
Interviewer:  And
543:  Saturday.
Interviewer:  Again I'm interested in any of these... in anything you remember, in expression or words you used to use. Uh, if somebody came on Sunday then uh uh you'd say well you come back again. And that would be the Sunday...?
543:  Next Sunday.
Interviewer:  Next Sunday.
543:  Next Sunday.
Interviewer:  Would you ever say Sunday week? What does that mean
543:  Well that that uh {NW} You come back Sunday week the day of well so {X} if I'm speaking on a Sunday come back the day week of Probably Saturday or something other like that you see tomorrow week from that day you see About a week. A week from that day, you see.
Interviewer:  At this point exactly one week.
543:  One week that's right.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  Till the next Sunday.
Interviewer:  Okay. And suppose you say well he was...he's been here he came uh Sunday week before how would you describe that?
543:  Well he done paid that had been a week uh last Sunday
Interviewer:  Last Sunday.
543:  Yes sir. He come last Sunday. He'd been here he come last Sunday.
Interviewer:  And that wouldn't be a Sunday week? That would be..
543:  No sir that would be last Sunday
Interviewer:  Last Sunday.
543:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh and uh we were talking about the weather and uh say 1974 was a mild winter uh you say you had a mild winter this year?
543:  Last year
Interviewer:  Last yr.
543:  Well now This would be we're talking about this year seventy-four {NW} uh well after the winter's past last year last winter now last year last winter. We call this winter now this is This winter We had a bad winter this winter.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
543:  But back in seventy-three was last winter.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm and that would be a year
543:  Year ago Year ago, year ago we call it.
Interviewer:  Okay and you'd say well it's been real warm now for for uh several days or for what?
543:  This winter.
Interviewer:  #1 You'd say it's been #
543:  #2 This winter. #
Interviewer:  Real warm now for quite a spell Does that sound...? Would you say that?
543:  Well yes sir you could use that like that quite a spell it's been quite warm for quite a spell.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  This winter
Interviewer:  And uh today is...? Describe a day like this. A lot of sun is is what?
543:  Yes sir it's a fine day. A nice day.
Interviewer:  And uh if uh And if tomorrow if the sun isn't out then? what's whats gonna?
543:  We call it cloudy day
Interviewer:  Cloudy
543:  bad day, cloudy day, yes.
Interviewer:  And that means then that the weather is gone from a sunny day to a cloudy day the weather what?
543:  Changed. changed {X} Yes sir. The weather changed.
Interviewer:  Suppose uh you have a cloudy day and it turns sunny you'd say well I think the weather is
543:  Changed #1 Yes sir #
Interviewer:  #2 Changed or #
543:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Changed to a better #
543:  a better day. Fair day.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm you ever say break in or
543:  It would be the weather is breaking off.
Interviewer:  Breaking off.
543:  Breaking off right yes sir. Bad weather to
Interviewer:  #1 To good #
543:  #2 Pretty # Good day
Interviewer:  Okay and how about wind You say the wind is calm today but the storm is gonna come the wind is?
543:  Raising. #1 Yes sir. #
Interviewer:  #2 Raising #
543:  Raising.
Interviewer:  And after a storm then the wind is
543:  Has ceased. Has ceased yes. Has ceased.
Interviewer:  And uh you say going down or laying off or doesn't sound
543:  No sir. {NW} {X} Strong wind? The wind is high And so uh Well ceased it
Interviewer:  Uh huh okay And the different directions the wind blows or comes from? You remember any stories about as soon as the wind comes from the east what does that mean?
543:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Uh, do you remember anything like that when you were a boy?
543:  Well {NS} uh well like a we call it the wind coming from the east or going to the west you know we call it a a dry or a dry spell or something like that. Yes sir.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  That's right and it'll dry the ground out look like more coming from the east. Yes sir from the North it's cold.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  Yes sir and coming from the South you know it's good warm pleasant weather. Yes sir coming from the west we call it kind of stormy weather.
Interviewer:  From the west?
543:  Yes sir. The way they do here in this country.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm and uh if uh if you have wind that isn't exactly north or south or west or south comes from
543:  Southwest
Interviewer:  and from..
543:  Uh Southeast,
Interviewer:  and
543:  and Northeast. and northwest. That's right yes sir.
Interviewer:  And do those have any meanings or not
543:  Right no sir not hardly.
Interviewer:  Oh okay, and would you describe different ways of talking about the rain Supposed you would have something that you just feel on your face?
543:  Call it a dew. You have drizzle.
Interviewer:  And if its something
543:  Snow? We'd have snow it's not like snow is it
Interviewer:  Enough rain to settle the dust what do you call that
543:  Shower
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
543:  Wetter shower or rain.
Interviewer:  Suppose enough to flood the streets.
543:  Oh we had a flood. {NW} big rain it'll flood certainly.
Interviewer:  Uh would you call that heavy rain
543:  Heavy rain yeah we had a heavy rain
Interviewer:  Do you remember any terms for that when you were a boy Interesting ways of describing that.
543:  Well they just called it kind of an overflow we'd call it mostly you know that that rain.
Interviewer:  I've heard different things for that you know gully washer
543:  Oh yes sir really? Oh we had a gully washer last night of course we did Wash gullies and all.
Interviewer:  Wash
543:  Most of the time that's what then the old people would talk and call it big rain and a gully washer. Right, yes sir, yes sir.
Interviewer:  Well he told me her family used to call it a goose rounder.
543:  {NW} It's bigger.
Interviewer:  {X}
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  And a storm with lightning? What would that be?
543:  Well we'd call that electrical storm.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  Yes sir
Interviewer:  And uh if uh if the uh If the clouds are going to break and you said that's gonna clear off or clear off what did you say for that?
543:  It seems stormy. It looks like it's gonna come a storm The clouds grayed up you know like that uh {NW} Maybe it's becoming a big rain.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  Yes sir when they cluster up like that.
Interviewer:  And after a big storm the clouds start to
543:  Yes they look stormy look like it's going to storm you know And those clouds breaking you know It looks like it's going to be foul.
Interviewer:  I see... and if it's pretty cold when you get up in the morning, you say well it's cold, you say "well it's pretty" what
543:  Pretty cool.
Interviewer:  Pretty cool
543:  Yes sir
Interviewer:  You ever heard airish
543:  {NW} Yes sir it's airish this morning.
Interviewer:  #1 That means its #
543:  #2 Airish this morning #
Interviewer:  That means it's enough to make you shiver
543:  Oh sure yes sir yes sir
Interviewer:  I see
543:  Airish pretty airish.
Interviewer:  Uh you don't hear that very much anymore.
543:  No sir, no sir, no sir.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Uh and when you get up in the morning or late at night uh you drive and you can't hardly see the road what what do you call that
543:  Call that foggy foggy yes sir.
Interviewer:  And uh in the morning the moisture that's on the grass?
543:  Call that a dew.
Interviewer:  And if it's cold enough to...
543:  It'd be frost yes sir it'd be frost {NW}
Interviewer:  And uh uh if if uh its cold enough to kill your plants what do you call that
543:  Ice ice cold.
Interviewer:  Real freeze.
543:  Freeze. Yes sir. Freeze up. Yes
Interviewer:  Did you ever uh we talked earlier about its being colder it used to be colder than it is now
543:  Yes sir
Interviewer:  did you ever remember ponds freezing over
543:  Yes sir. Yes sir sure.
Interviewer:  Huh
543:  That's right. And I think about it sometimes how we used to get out and walk on that ice one of broke a finger.
Interviewer:  Oh {NS} You remember when ice was just uh uh covered and you couldn't walk on it but it's a light
543:  Sheet of ice
Interviewer:  Yes.
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  You call that anything
543:  I don't Seem like we call it maybe just a sheet of ice just only the top iced over.
Interviewer:  Does mush ice sound uh
543:  Well probably some of 'em call it that ya know {NW}
Interviewer:  Well I've heard that but I'm not sure what it means exactly and..
543:  Well we just say call it thin ice ya know just a thin sheet of ice you know, yes sir.
Interviewer:  Okay and uh what'd ya think of the ice storm we had
543:  Oh man it hit here not long ago. {NW}
Interviewer:  #1 January. #
543:  #2 That ice # Storm {NW}
Interviewer:  That uh do you remember anything like that in the past? anything like that?
543:  Yes sir, yes sir, yes sir, yes sir, yes sir, yes sir. {NW} And it stayed there way so long. Man when I was a boy like a little boy {NW} Oh yes sir, we'd have to tote stop water and they couldn't get out and walk on it. Oh man.
Interviewer:  oh is that right
543:  oh yes sir we'd have to tote the water you know. and when daddy had to you know take a axe and thing and dig dig out a road way for him to go to it after it stayed so long that for him to travel and go get the water you know to and fro from the pond {NW} and we couldn't hog wood we'd use wood back in the fireplace we'd get out there ya know and cut wood and slide it to the house on that ice.
Interviewer:  the ice really stayed that long
543:  yes sir right that stayed longer than I ever knowed {NW} I can't remember what year we had but back several years ago
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
543:  yes sir that's right.
Interviewer:  so that storm last January wasn't a surprise
543:  Oh no sir, no sir, oh man {NW} not according to that but that was rough enough.
Interviewer:  It did a lot of damage to trees.
543:  Oh yes sir, yes sir, sure.
Interviewer:  All right.
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  And uh if you have long time without any rain, you call that a what?
543:  Drought.
Interviewer:  Alright and a shorter time Well say rain now pretty soon because we've had been through quite a what?
543:  A dry spell
Interviewer:  Dry spell
543:  Dry spell. Yes sir. Yes sir.
Interviewer:  These are uh um names of people and I'm interested in how they used to pronounce them, what they used to say
543:  Oh yes sir.
Interviewer:  For example the mother of Jesus was how how would she be? If you were a boy how would you say that?
543:  The mother of Jesus uh uh Jesus' uh mother Mary.
Interviewer:  and uh George Washington's wife uh was
543:  Yes sir. Uh George Washington's wife
Interviewer:  I think there is also a person in the Bible
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  Martha, would you say Marthey or how would you pronounce that when you were a boy?
543:  Well now Marthey, Marthey, Marthey
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
543:  Marthey
Interviewer:  And uh a girls name in a song, "wait till the sun shines"
543:  {X} I I forget that one {NW}
Interviewer:  Uh how would you pronounce Nellie?
543:  Nellie
Interviewer:  Yes very good, is that how you would say it when you were a boy?
543:  Yes sir That's right, Nellie, yes sir. {X}
Interviewer:  And if your boy was named William how would you call him when he was a boy You would say now William come come here would you call him Will or or Willy or Billy
543:  Mostly would call Will would call Will. That's right Will.
Interviewer:  And uh the word Billy would you ever use that
543:  Bill Bill we'd called him Bill.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
543:  Yes sir that's the word.
Interviewer:  Do white folks call and say Billy more often
543:  Yes sir. yes sir.
Interviewer:  Have you seen grown men called Billy
543:  Yes sir right right right sure do yes sir
Interviewer:  that's the difference between the two race
543:  yes sir sure sure that's right
Interviewer:  uh-huh
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  and uh the four gospels in the Bible, just name the first one can you
543:  I don't know four. I know John {NW}
Interviewer:  John is one.
543:  Yes. I say.
Interviewer:  I was wondering about Mathew, did you, did people ever call the children Mathew
543:  I remember one fellow they called Matthew and I did know someone called Mathis, Matthew one man I knew she called him Matthew I think
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  yes sir. and John.
Interviewer:  and uh uh was there a barrels maker, what would you call a man who made barrels when you were a boy?
543:  {X} We'd make a a well
Interviewer:  Would you ever call him a cooper
543:  No sir would would not. I don't remember like that you know?
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
543:  Well you know back then we would just call him barrel maker of course you know? Yes sir.
Interviewer:  and uh would a girl ever be named Sarah or Sarey or
543:  #1 Not #
Interviewer:  #2 Sarey #
543:  back yeah then yeah it wasn't uh like how we find 'em now, is named that lately.
Interviewer:  How are they pronounced now
543:  Well I'll tell you it's different the spelling of it of course Sherry Cherry
Interviewer:  Or Sarah or Sare
543:  Sarah. Sarah yeah I remember one named Sarah.
Interviewer:  You do
543:  Right
Interviewer:  A girl
543:  Yes sir. Yes sir. Sarah.
Interviewer:  Fashions changed
543:  Oh yes sir, yes sir. Sure.
Interviewer:  You hear Sherrie now but you don't hear Sarah.
543:  Yeah that's right. That's right surely true I hadn't thought about it that way {X}
Interviewer:  It's interesting.
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  and uh your uh you had uh your mother's brother was named William or John you'd say well hello uncle..
543:  Uncle John
Interviewer:  Or uh
543:  Uncle William.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  and uh uh a man who commands a whole army his title would be a
543:  Not a sergeant, uh
Interviewer:  higher than that a genera
543:  general uh back in school did they teach you anything about General William no sir no they didn't teach us nothing back then no sir. nothing back then
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. and uh you know a general is a lot of white people are given honorary titles they call 'em colonel
543:  You call them I've heard of them yes sir that's right you know. Yes sir. No sir, no sir. See they didn't {NW} Some of them might have taught that but in my days or They didn't you know No sir.
Interviewer:  did you ever know anybody in oxford or here anybody in Oxford with that title
543:  {NW} well you know here lately but not you know way back yonder, didn't know, you know, didn't know. No sir.
Interviewer:  And how do they say it now?
543:  well it's different see really they don't know just what is which ones and
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  You know
Interviewer:  Did they say colonel
543:  Colonel I just really don't know remember what they was saying you know having no dealing with them to say it like that you know.
Interviewer:  and how about uh the term captain, would uh when you were a boy would you say captain?
543:  Cap'n
Interviewer:  Cap'n
543:  Cap'n, yes sir.
Interviewer:  and how? what would that mean
543:  well it would mean you know just somebody over you know well I see uh well something about office holding office you know
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm Mark of respect.
543:  Yes sir, right right, yes sir, yes sir.
Interviewer:  And the man who resides over the court courthouse what would you use to call him
543:  Uh the sheriff or just uh
Interviewer:  The man when you get arrested they take you
543:  {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah
543:  {NW}
Interviewer:  {X}
543:  as much as I {NW} What's the {NW} I I didn't well now what is it uh master how did it no or the justice {X} I don't know uh each county is different ya know Yes sir.
Interviewer:  sometimes they're called uh old master of the court
543:  Master! Master!
Interviewer:  judge do they have a judge here
543:  Well yes sir they have a jury down there you see yes sir that's right they have a jury down there. {NW} now most of the time when they come through this county they will you know oh well they just come through the court house and you know they got a little what you call a master in there ya see and they fix it up fair of course but if you're going to have a trial or something or other you get the juries they got juries just the juries after they have the trial.
Interviewer:  Oh I see.
543:  yes sir.
Interviewer:  {X}
543:  so this first coming up doing something other you know and then they pay off or something or other they just go through with that you know but if you're going to have a trial you know
Interviewer:  A whole trial
543:  Yes sir you'll have a jury.
Interviewer:  I see.
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  is there a um these are questions about uh numbers and uh what I'm interested in is any anything that you're used to that you can remember as a boy in school Uh you talk about counting say twenty-five, twenty-six and then the next one would be
543:  twenty-seven
Interviewer:  twenty-seven and then you go on up until twenty-eight, twenty-nine and then what
543:  thirty.
Interviewer:  and then ten more would be
543:  forty
Interviewer:  and uh then on up to fifty
543:  fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety, a hundred
Interviewer:  Uh huh and then the next biggest number after that a hundred is uh is one
543:  Thousand
Interviewer:  and the next biggest number is one
543:  Million
Interviewer:  Okay...and uh did you ever hear anybody say this years crop was it yet uh i don't know how many i don't know enough about growing cotton but suppose he has just twice he had just double the amount of cotton this next, next year this crop is just how many so you've got double the yield, well this crop is twice...
543:  Much
Interviewer:  Twi-
543:  Twice as much as it had been yes sir. that's right, doubling.
Interviewer:  You you say somebody came and uh uh you were talking and the clouds started up and it started to rain the heavens just opened up
543:  The rain poured and poured down. #1 Yes sir #
Interviewer:  #2 Say it # Happened all
543:  All at once
Interviewer:  All at once.
543:  Yes sir, yes sir. {NW}
Interviewer:  and uh some questions about geography i don't know whether- did you study much
543:  Not too much no sir. No sir because I I uh just studied just a little bit in there because we didn't have books then
Interviewer:  Sure.
543:  Studied
Interviewer:  Sure
543:  Studied with the few that we had.
Interviewer:  uh would you just name as many states as you can think of and the cities around the south here
543:  {NW} It's not many. {NW} Not many no sir.
Interviewer:  anything that comes to you uh you mentioned going to Memphis you know any other cities up there
543:  oh well oh well let's see well I just say Arkansas, Mississippi, {NW} Memphis, Tennessee uh {X}
Interviewer:  do you know where Atlanta is State
543:  Atlanta Georgia,
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
543:  yes sir
Interviewer:  Birmingham
543:  Birmingham Alabama.
Interviewer:  And New Orleans
543:  New Orleans New Orleans New Orleans, New Orleans.
Interviewer:  Shreveport
543:  Shreveport, Louisiana.
Interviewer:  And uh Miami
543:  Miami, Florida.
Interviewer:  Charleston
543:  Charleston, Mississippi.
Interviewer:  how about the Carolinas?
543:  North Carolina, South Carolina {NW} {X}
Interviewer:  And Montgomery, Montgomery, Alabama.
543:  Alabama yes sir.
Interviewer:  Mobile
543:  Mobile, Alabama Mm-hmm how do you did you learn much about the nation's capital No sir, no sir.
Interviewer:  how did how did they refer to it
543:  Well we just didn't learn much about it just the nation's capital would just be Jackson
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm and
543:  Jackson Mississippi you know is just the nation uh you know then
Interviewer:  State's State ca- capital uh huh and the place where Nixon is uh
543:  White House
Interviewer:  White house and that town would be
543:  Washington D C
Interviewer:  D C did they say that uh D C
543:  well that's what they said was it Washington D C
Interviewer:  uh huh and uh uh how about uh Dallas, Houston and Maryland did you ever study
543:  no sir i never studied them but i just heard the name of them you know so so just so many different {NW}
Interviewer:  supposed to be the biggest state
543:  Yes, sir, that's right, yes sir. because uh
Interviewer:  they kinda like to brag about it uh {NW}
543:  Yes sir, yes sir. {X} yes sir that Dallas.
Interviewer:  I'd like to ask you a few questions about uh I'll tell you ya if you're getting tired I'd be glad to get a coke
543:  oh that's alright I'm making it I just {X}
Interviewer:  its a theres a machine right around the corner and maybe freshen ya up a bit let me uh {NS}
543:  I remember that he was in World war one {X} that was way back yonder
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm #1 He uh #
543:  #2 that war that # war man I can just remember that
Interviewer:  Is that right?
543:  airplane airplane coming over there like scared us to death
Interviewer:  first one huh? {NW} uh did uh uh ward was uh hundred with Faulkner, did he, was he that author? was uh he the did he go hunting with the author? did the librarian tell me that or what?
543:  or something I just remember what she said but you know {X} He he's well Oh well It's what I thought of and everything but I really don't know. Know he he {NW} I just don't know who that man is
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  I I don't know sir but He had a lot of dealings with the with the peoples you know and all
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm, did you happen to know that writer Faulkner?
543:  Ooh yes sir that's one {NW} fellow yes sir.
Interviewer:  Um
543:  that's right, that's one of those men,
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
543:  yes sir now well you been to his home, the home?
Interviewer:  Yes.
543:  #1 Yes sir oh I see yes sir #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh # What do you remember about him?
543:  oh well just writing them books and all and everything and still I hear some people say now that he's uh he's really a still accommodating fellow you know cause they deal with him they was talking about him here not long ago. yes sir. Yes sir he's he he want to be doing something he wanna be doing something you know? And did.
Interviewer:  Nobody stopped him.
543:  No nobody stopped him no sir No sir, that's right.
Interviewer:  somebody told me that um matter a fact i met him out at the grave and uh hes a colored gentleman and he works for uh uh funeral parlor here in uh he told me that he used to see Faulkner at the funeral parlor he'd come down to the post office in the morning and that he'd never get dressed he'd just wear his
543:  #1 That's him #
Interviewer:  #2 pajamas and #
543:  Right right {NW} {NW} Oh yes sir that is right Yes sir.
Interviewer:  He was a apparently if he liked you he liked you
543:  That's right yes sir yes sir
Interviewer:  #1 but if he didn't like you #
543:  #2 Oh oh man # You just {NW} Yes sir that is right. Sure {NW}
Interviewer:  did you ever see him around very much uh
543:  Yes sir I'd see him a lot sure Yes sir yes sir.
Interviewer:  what did he look like uh
543:  Well just just
Interviewer:  i never met him
543:  Well you've seen his picture
Interviewer:  Yes.
543:  Well he just he just that's that's made over Yes sir that's right the picture you see that's made over that's right
Interviewer:  Is that right
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  he must've been kinda small man wasn't he
543:  he was! yes sir he was a small man
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  That's right. yes sir. Yes sir. And he owned a Farm out yonder had some men working out there on it and so he had a gas tank out there you know {NW} and had it filled up long so that gas would run out and so he wanna know where the gas went they hadn't used it up well that fella told him say well he used it up so alright I'll get some more and put it in there {NS} now that's the kinda fella he was you know to somebody. {NW} Yes sir.
Interviewer:  Must have liked him.
543:  {X} Yes sir yes sir that's right. Yes sir.
Interviewer:  i guess he uh uh some of the people in town thought he was kinda peculiar
543:  sure sure! yes sir, that's right, yes sir, that was his way. {NW} Nobody change it, that's right, he he {NW} he helped his town. Yes sir.
Interviewer:  do you remember when they made the movie here?
543:  The intruder in the dust?
Interviewer:  right
543:  I was in it!
Interviewer:  Oh is that right?
543:  Right, yes!
Interviewer:  Well good for you
543:  {NW} Yes sir I was in there, {NW} I don't know where you can look, did you see the picture?
Interviewer:  yes.
543:  I don't know if you could remember driving the wagon I don't guess you could remember that you know just exactly. was in there driving a wagon around in that movie.
Interviewer:  Oh you were?
543:  Yes sir I drove the wagon around there and sitting up there eating peanuts {NW} Oh man {NW} I mean that thing paid well {X} {NW} Yes sir I was in that Intruder in the Dust you know yes sir. A man from Jackson down there he was working up here before then I worked after on that library out there and of course he uh knowed me you know he was superintendent out there in the library and I worked out there so he seen it down in Jackson you know {X} He called and told me that I was the one I was in there driving that wagon he knowed me
Interviewer:  Is that right
543:  Yes sir superintendent Yes sir {X}
Interviewer:  Did you meet any of the actors, they actors stayed in a hotel, did they uh uh while the movie was being made did they stay in the colonial
543:  Yes sir yes sir yes sir yes sir sure sure. That's right yes sir oh yes sir Yes that's right. sure did.
Interviewer:  somebody told me they uh the actors gave everybody in the town a fish fry
543:  they done a big thing though they did they really did yes sir I mean they {X} that oh yes sir. {NW} yes sir. Sure did. {NW} Yes sir.
Interviewer:  Exciting times.
543:  Oh it was yes sir. sure was
Interviewer:  this man told me that uh everybody have a mule all {X} pull body to the cemetery but somebody said no and they just used an ordinary hearse. Did you know about that?
543:  no sir I wasn't around then you know. That's right. I'll say I'll say.
Interviewer:  well it must've been real exciting
543:  Oh it was yes sir sure that's right. {NW} yes sir
Interviewer:  Okay
543:  {NW}
Interviewer:  would you tell me something about the buildings that you had on the farm when you were growing up different buildings where you keep different animals different parts of the farm things like that
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  what ever comes to mind
543:  Sure. Well we had a {X} you know because we moved in it where on the boss man farm where he used to live and he had right now his barn. {NW} of course one place where we kept some of the the stock you know and the hay and the feed and stuff {NW} and so his barn made up and stalls in on it you know and there's a floor in there there was kind of an upstairs where we put the hay we cut hay out of the field hard and pack it back in there and feed the stock on yes and we'd have stalls for them to stand there and feed 'em.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm and the part where you kept the hay did you keep it up
543:  yes sir above the stalls and all
Interviewer:  what would you call that up there
543:  well we call it back then we called it up in the loft barn loft.
Interviewer:  I see.
543:  of course that's what we called it back then.
Interviewer:  where would you keep uh did you have corn
543:  yes sir we had corn we had a little {NS} little pen built out there and take wide little woods and cut us some logs. So long probably ten or twelve foot long you know and build us a pen. {NW} lay them logs there and chop out a large giant cones with them make us a pen there ya know.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  and of course uh we take little poles then and uh if we didn't have down where the cone wouldn't come through the crack {NW} get us some little long poles and cut 'em and push 'em in the crack and nail them on there keep the cones from coming out.
Interviewer:  I see.
543:  get out there and cut some trees down and ride boards and make boards {X} covered with them.
Interviewer:  and uh did you have a name for that place
543:  A crib
Interviewer:  Crib
543:  that's what we called it a crib a corn crib
Interviewer:  uh huh did you have a name for uh any other little sheds that you didn't have around uh
543:  well we would have a hog pen yeah we'd have a little hog pen that's where we'd have our hog pen build it up so much you know and just like that you know put a floor in it for the hogs. {NW} To fatten them on you know. {NW} And then we'd get out there you know and cut rails and stack them around and build a fence put them in the pasture something like a quarter acre and a half several hogs to keep {D: feeded} {NW} summer till fattening time
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm uh did you ever place to keep uh things like oats?
543:  No sir. We didn't have we didn't have oats like that much no sir didn't {NW} what oats we would have then we would just cut 'em like hay {NW} and this you know when they grew up we just cut 'em down let 'em kill for hay and just put 'em in barn you know just like grass hay.
Interviewer:  oh i see
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  you make all this very clear i appreciate it very much because a lot of this is new to me and i don't really understand
543:  sure sure yes sir.
Interviewer:  and uh so some of the questions i ask you may not seem seem kinda foolish but
543:  {NW}
Interviewer:  I really don't know
543:  Well well well well
Interviewer:  uh for example
543:  Yes
Interviewer:  i i knew that you grew oats but you actually didn't grow it as a crop
543:  Oh yes sir yes sir sure now the late these late Years that's counting them years it be late years Of course they can grow them you know and then they have a A you know combine
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  or such as that you know
Interviewer:  but when you were a boy
543:  #1 Oh no sir nothing like that. #
Interviewer:  #2 It wasn't a crop #
543:  No sir
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  in other words we mostly cut 'em then we'd cut oats we'd sow early in the spring and that's what we feed on to have feed to feed our stock {NW} and finish the crop um because if we didn't have enough corn {NW} we'd sow the oats early in March and then we'd get out there with these old cranes and cut them oats by hand not by mule and cut them oats and make a big stroke {NW} and lay them out and then bottle them up and then haul them up like that
Interviewer:  how would you uh would they dry out?
543:  yes sir they'd be drying up. that's right. we'd just cut 'em you'd have 'em when they'd get ripe yellow and ripe ready to cut {NW} and that's when we'd cut you know in in {X} {NW} and of course they'd be dry enough to you know put in the barn just right on.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  Yes.
Interviewer:  I see.
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  did you ever have anything that you'd stack up to dry in the field
543:  well yes sir we would cut that corn that a way ya know we'd save it for feed stuff of course ya know and cut it in uh cut the corn you know it's uh pilot that we'd get a put a bottom of it and that's the way we'd cut {NW} and of course sometimes we'd cut tops out of the corn for the ear of corn we'd cut that top out when it gets ripe before it gets dry too much and that wouldn't hurt the ear of corn just got ripe enough to mature good {NW} without that top. Cut them tops out ya know and hold 'em in your hand till you get a pile of 'em {NW} and then when you get a pile of 'em just you know just lay 'em in a pile and lay them there over a day or something and then they're ready to take care of and then you take 'em up and ball them up in a big ball you know and tie something around 'em you know and this {X}
Interviewer:  Hmm
543:  Right out in that feed
Interviewer:  Is that right
543:  Yes sir and it'll just shed Water off of it.
Interviewer:  uh where did you keep the cows if they weren't in the barn? {NW}
543:  they would stay out in the edge of the woods.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  and what would you call a place where you bring 'em in to milk ?
543:  In the cow pen.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  In a cow pen.
Interviewer:  and uh the uh chickens how about that would you describe that
543:  you know like a can farmer like a raisin them of course We were out there we we we would pick out a chicken and make a house of it just like that. You know take them pulls and make us some housing. {NW} get out there and cook some timber you know large timber you know and split it up and quarter it up just right and make {X} and make boards and cover the chicken house. {NW} Alright and we'd get some plank and uh some poles and make us a land nest farm and put some grass in there you know and then lay in there {NW} of course they lay so long they'd be getting a um {NW} you know go to setting they lay long lots of eggs go to setting. {NW} where we'd have several nesters where we put eggs under them chickens you know and hen {NW} and three weeks they'd be done hatched out of the chicken you know and we'd take 'em off and then {NW} make us a little box out there or something to put them in there you know to huddle them and feed them you know to lay get up large enough to run around. {NW} Turn the hen in and out she'd go in there and rooster you know and we'd feed 'em till they get large enough to go there eating.
Interviewer:  so this uh you'd keep the chickens out of the chicken house
543:  yes sir keep 'em out there ya know yes sir. {NW} We'd just let them roost in there at night you know after till they go to you know {NW} uh got a little hatch off {NW} they go to set out there in these nests ya know outside. {NW} and then when they hatch off then we put 'em in a box to make us a little box out of something or other {NW} make us some boards and dry them down around in a pen {NW} put them in there you know. {NW} Till the chicken is in the place feed 'em you know and water {NW} come in and out till they get larger turn 'em out and let them run around we feed 'em till they get large enough to go to eating them.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm did you ever have anything you called a chicken coup?
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  and what uh is that the big house or that's the small box?
543:  Well that's that that's the big house ya know. The coop Well well no that's the little house the coop you know is Call it a coop Chicken coop
Interviewer:  Where the setting hen would be
543:  with the little ones.
Interviewer:  mm
543:  That's the coop we call it.
Interviewer:  I see
543:  Make a coop you know to put them in
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  and we call that the hen nest where she's sitting Yes sir the chicken house where they roost at you know And then that hen nest there you know call it a hen nest {NW} and after she hatch off when put her in that chicken coop. {X}
Interviewer:  you say you keep the cows in the cow pen
543:  Yes that's where we would have 'em out in the cow pen and where we milk 'em you know would be the pen around it you know that's right {NW} if we didn't have a if we didn't have a place you know to to put 'em in the stall where we would just keep 'em in that lot and feed 'em you know and milk 'em you know and dry 'em and then milk 'em you know and then they go out in the edge of the woods and then they thick woods edge of the woods you know to roost at night {X}
Interviewer:  I see. Did you have a place for other animals outside the barn or just the cows
543:  Well uh well we'd have a a uh not uh uh place for the sto- the horses or mules you know the mules {NW} because the mules would be too rough on the cow we'd have another extra pen to keep the mules in there you know {NW} and we mostly have stay stalls for them to go in covered underneath the barn you know for the mules {NW} Yes sir and we keep 'em in that {X} Whenever next morning {X} turn 'em out in the pasture. the big pasture ya know. Uh either turn 'em in the field let 'em be stripping the field
Interviewer:  and uh what did you do call the time of day when you had to feed the animals
543:  well see that is uh we'd feed 'em every morning.
Interviewer:  and uh you say well this is uh
543:  Breakfast
Interviewer:  i see
543:  yes sir we give 'em that breakfast just like we you know
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  as soon as morning
Interviewer:  i see and in the afternoon would you
543:  Well uh see now when we was working 'em hard you know and making the crop why we call it dinner we'd feed 'em that dinner at twelve o clock. {NW} and we'd eat our lunch you know and call it dinner. and then in the light in the dark before about dark or something like that when the day call to give them their supper.
Interviewer:  i see
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  so you treated 'em like human beings
543:  Of course Yes sir, yes sir. That's right we respect them when we work them.
Interviewer:  and uh what did you call the horses, the mules, the cows, and so on what did you call of 'em together
543:  Cattle.
Interviewer:  Critters
543:  Well uh uh see The cows would be cattle. And the horses would be stock.
Interviewer:  oh i see.
543:  Yes sir the stock. Yes sir.
Interviewer:  I see.
543:  Yes sir horses and
Interviewer:  How about the chickens and the ducks?
543:  well you see we'd call 'em fouls of course you know the fouls they was all fouls but you know we'd just say it was chickens and chickens you know {NW} uh ducks {NW} so many ducks you know so many geese you know and all that so many turkeys.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  and uh you mentioned uh how you build a hog pen what did you have to feed the hogs out of
543:  well uh yes sir we go out there in the woods and we'd cut a pretty good size log and we take our axe and trim out a hollow in that. we'd get away from the inner piece each end we'd trim out a hollow in there down pretty deep in there you know. that's what we'd feed 'em in. we'd put the feed in there ya know and a slot for water what ya call it ya know of course we'd have a flowing pen whenever we'd fatten 'em of course {NW} We just just put the feed corn in there yellow corn. It's in there just put it on the floor and they'd eat it. Put the water in that trough.
Interviewer:  I see.
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  i see You made them out of uh
543:  Logs yes sir right yes sir.
Interviewer:  how many would you have?
543:  Oh well according to the family you know when there's a large family you'd need about four or five large ones they'll weigh a couple hundred a piece about
Interviewer:  Oh they would
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  and uh the cows would you have the same thing for them or
543:  well uh no we we would uh you know probably cut trim out something like that for the cow to eat out you know to feed them like that you know the trough is for the feeding. Yes sir. Yes sir. and of course uh Put hay you know why we just put they hay down beside the trough you know on the ground uh {NW} most of the time
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
543:  Yes
Interviewer:  uh different uh would you describe more about the hogs i mean it must have been the most important animal you had for food right
543:  right yes.
Interviewer:  would you describe how you raised them and where the different names {X
543:  #1 Yes sir #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
543:  #1 That's right #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
543:  Sure yes sir.
Interviewer:  Explain all those
543:  Well uh uh the Well I'll start with the sow She's a sow you know she's a you know {NS} Female And of course the {NW} Now it's different in a barrow and a male this male when they castrate him hes a barrow. before we castrate him hes a male. of course the sow you know is the old sow uh young Shoat and gilt we call it you know the female young female. little male uh little borrow something like that you see. {NW} Of course you know you breed them of course with the sows there's a certain time you know they come in you know. {X} And breed them to the males you know And raise little pigs Well during the winter you take two to summer like this they don't need to go to bed you know to sleep in just a little something at least {NW} of course something out of the rain of course. {NW} But in the winter time you need to get them put on a big hay bale you know. In a little pen a little house you know. {NW} To keep those pigs warm. {NW} While they're nursing the nursing mother you know.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
543:  yes sir until they get up about four weeks old then they go to eating.
Interviewer:  I see.
543:  Yes sir.
Interviewer:  See I'm going to run out of tape but I wanted to ask you did you have any wild hogs {X}