548:  {NS} funny um things that comes up well there's lots of cypress trees around out there. But peas don't get no higher than this some of 'em ain't no higher than that. You know this little old well they ain't bushes. When talking about cypress knees it looks more like a knee than anything else.
interviewer:  Yes ma'am I've seen that. So you mosquitoes will bother you and red bugs you say?
548:  Yeah yeah they used to they used to get made short {NW}
interviewer:  What about do you have insects around here that are really bad to sting ya? Really hurt
548:  {X} not that I know of.
interviewer:  What about these things you know that make these little nests that look like they are made out of paper on the sides of your house?
548:  Dirt dauber I have seen one of them things and I don't know when.
interviewer:  Well now they make nests that look like they're made out of mud don't they?
548:  Uh huh
interviewer:  Is there something else that makes one look like they're made out of paper?
548:  Wasps
interviewer:  Yeah yeah
548:  And them wasps man will sting you. But I don't see none of them I don't know. Or they keep this house sprayed good.
interviewer:  I don't think I'd miss it anyway. {NW}
548:  They sure do keep it sprayed.
interviewer:  What about these insects that are bad about getting in your clothes and eating holes in 'em?
548:  Moths
interviewer:  You ever seen one of those?
548:  They tell me they're so little you can't see 'em I don't know. I ain't never seen one.
interviewer:  Do you you know you see 'em at night you see these insects that are blink on and off?
548:  Lightning bugs
interviewer:  Mm-hmm I haven't seen many of those recently.
548:  No I haven't either.
interviewer:  Have you ever seen these uh insects that make a great big paper nest in a tree? They like a {X} small napkin.
548:  Bees honey bees I sure have. And uh I has don't don't forget these old bumble bees will sting you too. Um I have a I've seen somebody tell me that I did a washing and didn't have on the clothes I wanted to have on you know when they come in. I had done done washed my dress and hung it out. On my barbed fence I seen um my neighbor's coming. I run out there and grab that dress of the fence and run in the house and and as I start to put it on there was a bumble bee tangled up and in my threads in there.
interviewer:  Uh oh
548:  And I mean it was just like a pen scratched me all the way down. when I pull that dress on it.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  Just like a pin I mean it just scratched. And talking about some hurting but I got that bee out as quick as I could.
interviewer:  I don't blame you wouldn't be too comfortable.
548:  But they sure will they'll sting ya smart
interviewer:  Are there any hornets around here?
548:  Not that I know of.
interviewer:  You never heard of any around here?
548:  Sure do.
interviewer:  Is that what people call 'em?
548:  Yeah hornets build their nests in the ground. They tell me to do I ain't never seen one.
interviewer:  What about yellow jackets you have any of those?
548:  Haven't heard about 'em.
interviewer:  Is that what people call 'em around here?
548:  Yeah that's what they would call 'em I guess if they was here. But I don't I don't think there's more around here.
interviewer:  What's that?
548:  Yellow jacket
interviewer:  Now I didn't see any lately either. You know when you went fishing did you ever see a insect that had kind of a long thin body and he liked to lie on your pole and you'd have to twitch it to get him off. What was that called?
548:  You know what we'd call 'em? skeeter hawk.
interviewer:  Skeeter hawk
548:  Now what do you call 'em?
interviewer:  Well I'd call it a dragonfly you ever heard of that?
548:  No {NW} we called it skeeter hawk.
interviewer:  You ever heard it called a snake doctor?
548:  Yeah
interviewer:  And they're the same thing?
548:  Yeah that's the same thing yeah.
interviewer:  That's the word you say it?
548:  Mm-hmm skeeter doctor or
interviewer:  Snake?
548:  Or snake doctor or what ever you want to call it it's all the same thing.
interviewer:  The reason they call it uh snake doctor
548:  Uh huh {NW}
interviewer:  Did y'all see 'em eat mosquitoes?
548:  Well I I maybe they do now I don't know.
interviewer:  They call it a skeeter hawk you would think.
548:  Mm-hmm
interviewer:  It might {NW} What about uh have you ever heard of any birds around here that can see in the dark you know and they make this hooting noise?
548:  Hoot owl
interviewer:  Mm-hmm you got those around here?
548:  No uh uh
interviewer:  Do you have 'em out in the country?
548:  Well I'll tell you the truth I don't think that there are no more but that in the zoo or some where like that. There might be some way out in the country I don't know.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm Have you ever heard of a lulu they have a real high pitched voice?
548:  Bird?
interviewer:  Yes ma'am or a kind of owl.
548:  Screech owl
interviewer:  Right
548:  screech owl You know uh momma used to tell us to go tie a knot in the hen house when they'd go {D:hog}
interviewer:  Why's that?
548:  She said it say it would choke on that that quit hog.
interviewer:  {NW}
548:  And we'd do that.
interviewer:  Did it work?
548:  Sometimes
interviewer:  {NW}
548:  sometimes it didn't.
interviewer:  uh huh
548:  And then sometimes she'd tell us to go put the broom across the door.
interviewer:  Hmm
548:  Oh that was as I say sometimes worked and sometimes didn't and they already had to know if she would quit or at least that didn't do no good I don't know.
interviewer:  Yes Ma'am Some people had told me that those thing sound just like a baby crying.
548:  Mm-hmm
interviewer:  Is that right?
548:  Yeah they sound so pitiful you know. Oh
interviewer:  What about those birds that drill holes in trees?
548:  Redheaded woodpeckers they ain't here no more.
interviewer:  Oh Don't see it in town?
548:  Uh uh I don't know where in the world they went to and it's a yeller black {D: checkity} looking bird pecks holes in wood too but I I ain't see that.
interviewer:  Hmm Have you ever heard people call a woodpecker a pecker wood?
548:  Yeah I've had um to this out in the country coming right on my wall all that pecking they'd do it right up on the sides of the wall.
interviewer:  And you'd call it uh and you call that thing a red headed?
548:  Woodpecker
interviewer:  Or pecker wood
548:  Pecker wood {NW} I get so mad at that thing I get out and try to hit it. It flies and then comes back.
interviewer:  Did you ever see this animal that's got a white stripe down it's back and it smells bad {X}
548:  {NW} Yeah in a zoo. Uh oh I know what it is and why can't I say it. Skunk
interviewer:  Sure
548:  {NW}
interviewer:  Is that the same thing as polecat?
548:  Same thing now I said I hadn't seen one except in the zoo but I did. Down at wayside this bigger old man you know and I was talking to you about being down there um he went out that morning and we had a pump house and the pump was in that building it was a big old round pipe and and it ir- irrigation pump. And there was two of them things in that pump house.
interviewer:  Uh oh
548:  I can't tell you he didn't pose with 'em.
interviewer:  {NW} That's probably a good idea. But you have heard people call 'em pole?
548:  Polecat
interviewer:  And that's the same thing?
548:  Yeah um
interviewer:  Do you ever uh have any trouble with animals getting in uh breaking in where your chickens were and killing 'em? Eating 'em?
548:  What breaking in?
interviewer:  Any kind of animals getting after your chickens.
548:  Yeah um one one time uh we lived close to the woods and uh we had a hen took steal her nest all and hatch a big old bunch big bunch of chickens in the old stump. And something caught her you know I made them eggs with just hatching caught her and left some eggs there. And we found some of 'em we done save some of 'em.
interviewer:  Yes ma'am
548:  And uh we had two or three hens sitting on a nest and something come up and just cut the throats you know suck the blood and leave 'em sitting there.
interviewer:  What do you reckon it was?
548:  Some people say it was a mink.
interviewer:  Huh
548:  Now Lord I don't know.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm have you ever heard people call an animal like a mink or something like that a varmint?
548:  Uh huh I've hear them called a varmint.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  But what you can call 'em lots of things I guess.
interviewer:  Sure. You were talking about that hen {NW} if a hen was on a nest of eggs trying to hatch out something what would she be called? That would be just an old?
548:  Chickens all I know.
interviewer:  Well something maybe like call it a setting hen or?
548:  Setting hen that's about now that's what that's what it should be setting hen.
interviewer:  You got a bunch of these chicken then?
548:  Oh yeah
interviewer:  How many eggs could you expect to get everyday from 'em?
548:  Well we didn't get none too many um um we never did get to feed 'em like we should feed 'em but oh I don't know I used ten maybe a day.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm that's not bad. Uh
548:  We had plenty of eggs to eat.
interviewer:  That would be enough for a family.
548:  Mm-hmm
interviewer:  Did you ever see these little animals with the bushy tails around here running around in the trees?
548:  Plenty of 'em {X}. They run come down that tree and go across that dock um or climb across that road there and go up to trees over yonder.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  And out on the front you can just see 'em all up in these trees out there.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  They're squirrels.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm Do you have different types?
548:  Well yeah there's some different types but these little bitty brown squirrels. What you what I'm seeing out there is a bunch of young ones they're small. But they're pretty.
interviewer:  Have you ever heard people call 'em gray squirrels or red squirrels fox squirrels any of that?
548:  Yeah
interviewer:  Which ones what do they call 'em?
548:  Well they these I'm talking about is um well those brown I guess would be a fox squirrel.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm {X} squirrel
548:  Mm-hmm fox squirrel
interviewer:  Do you have these little animals they are not as big as the squirrel and they stay on the ground mostly. Don't have that big bushy tail.
548:  Rat?
interviewer:  Well not exactly a rat it looks kind of like one. Something like a chipmunk or ground squirrel? Don't have those in this area?
548:  No but I've seen flying squirrels.
interviewer:  Oh really?
548:  One
interviewer:  It's been a long time since I've saw one of those things.
548:  It's been a long time but I've seen one.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  Our cat caught that thing and brought it in the house and I choked her until she turned that squirrel loose
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  and uh I had it in my hand and it was so tiny he couldn't bite me. {X} Little bunch of skin here That thing might beat me up but I but I took it away from that cat.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  And put them in bucket tied me a rag over it and oh boy thought I had something. It was it was sturdy. And my step daddy come in I run and got it and showed it to him and he called the cat and then just poured it out of the bucket down there and let the cat get it and eat it.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm You went through a lot of trouble for nothing.
548:  That's how mean he was.
interviewer:  Yeah that's too bad.
548:  But the cat eat it after I'd done got eat up through him. He was a little putting back {X}
interviewer:  Mm-hmm Mm-hmm What about these animals that you hear around ponds at night that makes these croaking noise you know?
548:  Bull frogs
interviewer:  Yeah those are the big ones aren't they?
548:  Mm-hmm Yeah lots of folks likes to eat 'em but I don't.
interviewer:  Yeah I heard that the legs.
548:  That's all you can cook.
interviewer:  I never had any.
548:  Ain't nothing to the body.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  Well no I'll tell you leave 'em out won't do it.
interviewer:  Why's that?
548:  They would you you'd kill 'em. I mean you'd clean 'em tonight and put 'em in an ice box and in the morning when you put 'em in grease hot grease boil them things and my neck jumps {X}
interviewer:  Yeah I've heard that.
548:  Ain't dead
interviewer:  Mm-hmm still twitching.
548:  I I don't know. Whether they're dead or if it's just the nerve or what. But don't give it to me I don't want it.
interviewer:  Yeah I've heard that. I've heard it tastes like chicken.
548:  They tell me it's good too but I don't wanna taste There's some good meat in turtle meat too.
interviewer:  Where are they?
548:  No not me.
interviewer:  What kind of turtles do you usually usually use for to eat?
548:  Well I don't know we we tried to we never did use but two and it was just called a loggerhead turtle you know. Out and a {X} you know they came good turtles you know in big water. Soft shell turtles and {D: ally}
interviewer:  I've heard those loggerhead turtles can smell bad. Or don't smell so hot.
548:  But they didn't they didn't smell good I didn't even know it. Now you clean a turtle the today and put put all the other junk and leave the heart in it. In ever we cleaned 'em out you just leave the heart in that shell. And go ahead and cook and eat that turtle today in the morning that heart is still beating.
interviewer:  How?
548:  It's still beating
interviewer:  Uh
548:  I done seen that don't give me no turtle uh uh.
interviewer:  That's strange.
548:  It's strange but it works.
interviewer:  Did you have turtles around here that stayed on the land mostly instead of the water?
548:  Yeah uh down at one side of the woods they I found one one day way off away from the water. You know she was uh making her nest. Dur- during high heat you know digging out a hole that's back up under them weeds.
interviewer:  Uh huh
548:  And uh so she made her nest there a laid a pile of eggs. And they hatched. We watched. And they hatched. But when a turtle lays their eggs they don't never go back and see about the little.
interviewer:  Hmm
548:  And if they make it to the water or {X}
interviewer:  {NW}
548:  {NW}
interviewer:  That's just the ways it goes.
548:  Yeah
interviewer:  Those land turtles would people call 'em terrapins or tortoises or anything like that?
548:  I believe they call them terrapins I'm not sure.
interviewer:  Ever heard anybody call one a cooter
548:  Yeah I've heard them called cooter
interviewer:  The what?
548:  Toot {NW} tooter
interviewer:  You know what a lot of people call 'em where I am from?
548:  Uh uh
interviewer:  {X} Ever heard that?
548:  Don't believe so.
interviewer:  {NW} Yeah What about these a when you were talking about bullfrogs. Do you have a kind of frog that will stay around your garden a lot? Eat insects you know stays on land mostly.
548:  Toad Frogs
interviewer:  Yes ma'am
548:  And they tell me they cause warts on you but they won't.
interviewer:  I've heard that.
548:  Hmm they won't
interviewer:  {NW} Have you ever seen any frogs that real tiny they ain't much bigger than this?
548:  Mm-hmm rain frogs ain't it? Little green frogs?
interviewer:  Yes ma'am
548:  Rain frogs
interviewer:  Why do they call 'em that?
548:  I really don't know. But when ever they go holler have you ever heard 'em?
interviewer:  I don't think so.
548:  They'll holler just before it rains.
interviewer:  Oh
548:  And they'll just holler and holler and holler when there's when there's one around you would know it.
interviewer:  {NW} He's pretty loud huh?
548:  Uh huh
interviewer:  When y'all went fishing what did y'all use for bait?
548:  Red worms earth worms some people call 'em. I guess you know what I'm talking about.
interviewer:  Well about that size?
548:  Yeah you dig out of the ground.
interviewer:  Yes ma'am Have you ever heard being on a {X} for worms?
548:  No {NW} Uh uh
interviewer:  A {D:job} of wooden posts in the ground and run something over the top of it and those vibrations will make the worms come out.
548:  No I have never. {NW}
interviewer:  Gone {X} for worms
548:  No I never did hear tell of that
interviewer:  Have you you ever hear of ever heard of a worm called the night crawlers?
548:  Night?
interviewer:  Mm-hmm great big old black ones.
548:  No well you mean the big old black bustling worm? I guess I've seen 'em but I don't know. What about night crawlers I don't know.
interviewer:  Do you know can y'all get any seafood around here in the stores?
548:  Yeah yeah you can get it.
interviewer:  Okay {X}
548:  Well really I don't too much about it but I've counted between {X} um between {X} they sell um catfish and uh lobsters all all kinds of stuff like that between {X} you know the place out there. All kind of stuff I don't know.
interviewer:  What about this these things that people talk about eating with a half shell they say that pearls grow in them.
548:  I don't know I imagine they got them.
interviewer:  Yes oysters?
548:  Oysters
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  Oysters that's right. Over there where my daughter lives they gather them things by the truck loads
interviewer:  Really?
548:  and sell 'em.
interviewer:  Hmm
548:  Where they don't they are opening shells you know and uh they allowed to get just so many but they do boil 'em mop up them things.
interviewer:  {NW}
548:  And they're high too. And they got their own factories you know the shelling things out and channeling buckets and carrying 'em out and sell 'em to stores.
interviewer:  Have you ever eaten them?
548:  Uh uh
interviewer:  Don't like those?
548:  Uh uh
interviewer:  I think I can eat 'em fried but uh not raw. {NW} Yeah some people eat those things raw.
548:  Yeah that's what they tell me.
interviewer:  I don't think they have much taste to 'em. Doesn't feel anyway.
548:  I don't believe I'd swallow.
interviewer:  {NW} Well what about talking about seafood you know these little little tiny fan-tailed animals that people eat called shrim-
548:  I'll tell ya in a minute. Crawfish
interviewer:  Okay yeah or something else.
548:  Shrimp
interviewer:  Right do you like either one of those?
548:  Man I don't I don't like much of nothing like that and uh Chicken I won't eat nothing but the breast of a chicken.
interviewer:  Why's that?
548:  Or legs. I don't know I just don't wanna.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  That's yeah for fish I'll eat a piece of catfish you know.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  I like catfish and hushpuppies
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  But after a piece of that don't give me no fish
interviewer:  {NW} Do you do you ever make your own bread?
548:  Yeah I I make my cornbread just me I don't never make no biscuits. I make cornbread every once and awhile.
interviewer:  You don't make anything besides cornbread or biscuits.
548:  Uh uh
interviewer:  You know some people say that they just two kinds of bread the kind that you make at home call that homemade bread the kind that is bought at the store is called what?
548:  Store bought bread
interviewer:  Which do you prefer?
548:  I like homemade bread. But I'm too lazy
interviewer:  {NW}
548:  You know there ain't nobody but me {X} I just hardly ever cook.
interviewer:  Uh huh Have you did you ever make it before? Homemade bread?
548:  Good gracious yeah
interviewer:  How do you make it?
548:  Uh well I get me a bowl and I would pour myself rising meal in there. Maybe break an egg in there cook me a little grease a little buttermilk or water stir it up and have the skillet hot.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  Sprinkle me a little meal in there and let it brown and then pour my bread over in that skillet so it can {X} Let it get up.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm Do you have to uh put something in it to make it rise?
548:  Uh uh No I get the I get the self rise mix. It's got all that rising stuff already in it.
interviewer:  Yes ma'am
548:  I buy self rising.
interviewer:  Have you ever heard of people who put something in it to make it rise?
548:  Man I used to do that when I had to. {NW}
interviewer:  Yeah what did you put in it?
548:  Baking powder and soda mostly baking powder.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  Cause soda you might ruin my bread with every time I used it.
interviewer:  Was there anything else that would make it ri- rise besides?
548:  Yeast
interviewer:  Oh yeah
548:  them days if I hadn't used buttermilk to make it up with it wouldn't be any good at all.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  I don't want no more plain meal and the more plain flour.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm About how much flour did you usually buy at a time back then?
548:  Well when I was raising my children I I I had to buy at least a twenty-five pound sack every week.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  And I'll tell you kids eat.
interviewer:  How much did you say?
548:  Twenty-five pound sack every week.
interviewer:  Whoa a lot of flour.
548:  Yeah I I made a lot of biscuits then I I put the rest of the flour in the cornbread.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  Always put flour in my in my cornbread.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm Did you ever make up a this this stuff you made up your batter and you pour it around and cook 'em four or five at a time people like to eat 'em for breakfast?
548:  Hot cakes
interviewer:  Yeah
548:  I love them too.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm And I did too. Have you ever heard people call 'em anything besides hot cakes?
548:  Hoecake?
interviewer:  Is that the same thing?
548:  I think it is the same thing only there's there's something little hoe cakes {NW}
interviewer:  Yeah yeah
548:  I guess that's where it goes.
interviewer:  Is that like a batter cake?
548:  Yeah
interviewer:  Same thing?
548:  Hoecake is one of them that you turn over you know like I was telling you know before.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  The way I cook my hoecakes.
interviewer:  Yes ma'am
548:  I guess one of them little batter cakes it'd be the same thing.
interviewer:  Or pancake?
548:  That sounds different don't it? {NW} I mean you know more about cooking than I thought you did.
interviewer:  {NW} Not too much I am not much of a cook. What about do you ever make these things homemade you made up some batter and you put 'em fried them in these stacks and they had a hole right in the middle of 'em Like a donut?
548:  No I never did make no donut.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  I never did learn how.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm My mother made them occasionally maybe once or twice I can remember but they so much trouble it is easier to buy 'em at the store.
548:  Yeah
interviewer:  {NW}
548:  But I never did learn how.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm What what about the two parts of an egg what do you call that?
548:  The yolk of a egg is yellow. And the white
interviewer:  Yeah
548:  is the other part of the egg.
interviewer:  That's it. Is it the white that you use if you are making a cake or something like that?
548:  Uh huh dif- you know it's dif- different cakes yeah.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  Sometimes you can use the whole thing . But if you gonna put it on top of the cake it's a white of egg.
interviewer:  I see
548:  Put in your plate and beat it
interviewer:  Right
548:  'til it {X}
interviewer:  Why not? {NW} That's a
548:  I don't what nothing but no raw egg in it.
interviewer:  Oh You need to well what kind of egg do you eat? How how do you like 'em cooked?
548:  Scrambled and I mean real done.
interviewer:  {NW}
548:  That's the only way.
interviewer:  None of this none of this runny stuff.
548:  Uh uh uh uh can't stand that.
interviewer:  What about some other ways you can fix an egg that you know about besides scrambled?
548:  Well I can't I can eat uh once in awhile I eat a couple of boiled eggs. But now first you know fixing 'em many other ways I don't know.
interviewer:  Is there some way to fix 'em using uh you have a little cup over boiled water and you crack the egg and you put it in the cup and then you cook it that way?
548:  Yeah that that's sea folks eat that.
interviewer:  What do you call that?
548:  I know but I can't just say it right. Poached
interviewer:  Yeah
548:  Poached
interviewer:  yeah why's that why does just sea folk do that?
548:  I don't know anybody that wants to but generally a doctor will tell it's patient or not eat no grease.
interviewer:  #1 Oh oh oh #
548:  #2 Eat your eggs # poached you know you {X}
interviewer:  I see
548:  and that's what I was talking about.
interviewer:  Yeah that makes sense.
548:  Course it's been done anybody wants to eat.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm yep
548:  But that's doctors orders.
interviewer:  Right
548:  If they don't want you to have no grease you just eat poached egg.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm yeah You say that you didn't like to boil bacon with your grease.
548:  Uh huh
interviewer:  Yeah what about if you wanted to buy a lot of bacon and not have it sliced you'd buy yourself a hole? What would you call that?
548:  Slab
interviewer:  Yeah Ever heard ever heard people call that the middling?
548:  Yep that's what it is it's the middling of the hog but some folks say it's a slab of bacon or a slab of meat or
interviewer:  Uh huh yeah well you know when you slice the bacon off that slab you probably cut off that tough edge to it what would that be called?
548:  Scraps I guess.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  That's what I'd call it.
interviewer:  That tough edge that's hard to chew?
548:  Yeah they they they have to leave that out. Not put that in.
interviewer:  Yeah like big skin or rind or something like that?
548:  They can't put that in there. I bought big boxes of {X} you know like we we talking about.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  Big boxes for {D: a dollar and something}
interviewer:  Hmm
548:  and man they's they's lots of good eating in that box.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  But I got high blood I ain't supposed to much of that.
interviewer:  {NW} I see Have you seen you have a men who sell meat just sell meat and nothing else?
548:  Uh huh
interviewer:  What would they be called?
548:  I don't know.
interviewer:  Uh would it be a butcher?
548:  A butcher? I guess that sounds right yeah.
interviewer:  Do do you still have butchers Or
548:  I I believe yeah around these stores you know.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  They they cook the meat the pieces of meat. And I don't know I don't know where really that they kill them animals {X} I don't know.
interviewer:  Yeah Have you ever heard of well what would what would you say was wrong with meat if you kept it too long and it didn't taste good? You'd say it's?
548:  Tainted
interviewer:  Yeah Is that the same thing if it's spoiled?
548:  Uh huh that's the same thing.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm yeah as what?
548:  It's tainted if it's spoiled it's the same thing.
interviewer:  Yeah what about butter it's got like that
548:  What is? Well I the way I'd say it you it just ain't good.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  Too old that's what I would say.
interviewer:  Yeah if you know some people say that uh meat gets strong
548:  Yeah it does.
interviewer:  Now does that mean it's spoiled?
548:  #1 No #
interviewer:  #2 If it's strong? #
548:  really really it don't mean it's spoiled
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  but they just kept it too long but they're taking care of it but it's just stronger than it's supposed to be and it don't taste good.
interviewer:  Is it alright to eat it though?
548:  Yeah
interviewer:  You can eat it?
548:  You can eat it.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm I see. Talking about butter that's no good have you ever heard people say that butter's got kind of a funky taste to it? Tastes a little funky.
548:  Uh huh
interviewer:  Is that the word they would say or?
548:  Yeah that's the way they'd say it I guess as far as I know.
interviewer:  Like how?
548:  that say it had a funky taste to it.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  Smell or something.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm kind of peculiar {X}.
548:  You can tell when it ain't no good.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm What about the kind of meat you make from a hog's head?
548:  Souse I don't know it too good they have all the meat off of it's head in there and all that I mean {X}
interviewer:  Don't like it huh?
548:  Huh?
interviewer:  Don't like souse?
548:  Uh uh
interviewer:  Yeah
548:  and one thing it's so greasy.
interviewer:  Oh yeah Have you ever heard people call that souse head cheese?
548:  Yeah
interviewer:  Same thing?
548:  Some kind of cheese. I guess it's head cheese it's some kind of cheese they call 'em.
interviewer:  Yes ma'am. I see. Does people ever make anything out of a hog's liver?
548:  Hash liver and lites.
interviewer:  What's that?
548:  And boil them together and make hash.
interviewer:  Yeah
548:  They cut it up uh onions and hot grease and um put sage well I don't know what all they put in it but they then they cook it up together in that skillet to make hash.
interviewer:  Hmm
548:  It's good.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm I see. Did they ever make any kind of um liver pudding or anything like that?
548:  Not up to my knowings.
interviewer:  {NW} Yeah
548:  I wouldn't be in that in that {X} if I found one I wouldn't eat it.
interviewer:  Yeah Well you're not going to like this but I've heard some people say that they make stuff out of hog's blood. Have you ever heard of that?
548:  I've heard 'em making pies out of hog's blood.
interviewer:  Uh
548:  Man I wouldn't eat it.
interviewer:  Heard they did that around here?
548:  Not that I know of.
interviewer:  But you've heard of it?
548:  Uh huh and uh and uh I do know they can grasshopper you know what that is?
interviewer:  They can grasshoppers?
548:  Yeah They've got 'em right here in town in cans. And I've heard the can rattlesnakes.
interviewer:  Uh
548:  But now with me knowing I don't know. {X} But I do know they can grasshoppers.
interviewer:  I don't think I'd care to try that.
548:  {NW} Anybody would be crazy to eat that.
interviewer:  I think I would just let them hop around the yard {NW} leave 'em alone.
548:  I don't want nothing to do with them.
interviewer:  Yeah Do do you ever keep uh thick sour milk around the kitchen to make things out of?
548:  Yeah I used to keep uh soured milk to make bread or biscuits or something.
interviewer:  What was that called?
548:  Sour milk for us.
interviewer:  Is that the same thing as clabber?
548:  Well yeah well you let it clabber. When it clabbers ain't no sign it's sour.
interviewer:  Oh I see.
548:  So you can eat it. I love clabbered milk.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  Then if it sets long enough to get sour I don't.
interviewer:  Yeah can you just eat that? {X}
548:  Yeah that clabbered milk man that's good.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm Can you make anything out of it like uh you know those black stuff people eat when they're going on diets?
548:  Maybe could but not that I know of.
interviewer:  Cottage?
548:  Cottage cheese?
interviewer:  Yes ma'am
548:  They might could.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  I really never did know what it was made out of.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  Cottage cheese
interviewer:  Yes ma'am. You know after you milked your cows did you ever do anything with the milk to get some of the interiors out of it?
548:  Strain it through a cloth.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  In a in a churn. One of them big tall uh churns you know like we used to have.
interviewer:  Yes ma'am.
548:  You've seen?
interviewer:  I have seen 'em I've never seen one anybody use one.
548:  Well an- anyway in that big old tall churn thick it's thick head and then it got a dasher you seen them?
interviewer:  Yes ma'am
548:  And so when they are in that clabberous state let it get warm some where. Don't don't make it stay cool let it get warm and then you gonna clabber and then you take that um dasher put that in there and put that lid on it and churn it. Make you a big old bowl of butter.
interviewer:  Is that homemade butter pretty good?
548:  Oh boy I wish I had some of it now.
interviewer:  Is it better than what you'd buy in the store?
548:  Yeah it is. A lot better.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm I bet it was better. Did you ever make something for dessert in a deep dish with maybe apple slices or peach slices it'd have a nice thick crust to it?
548:  Not that no that's uh what fruit pie? It's all kinds of fruit ain't it?
interviewer:  Could be I guess. I was think about something like a cobbler.
548:  Oh good gracious yeah I've I love a cobbler. That's for apple pie.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  I love that.
interviewer:  What can you make a cobbler out of?
548:  Apples you need a little spice you know on your apple.
interviewer:  Yes ma'am
548:  Roll you out a piece of dough put it on when you're done mash it down all the way around.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  Stick some holes through it if you put that in hot grease you know without sticking holes in it it would just swell up and bust. Well if you stick holes in it before you put it in that skillet of hot grease it won't bust.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm yeah I see. You were talking about a pie can you ever did you ever pour over some kind of sweet liquid over a pie? Maybe milk with cream or nutmeg or something like that?
548:  Yeah cream over pie is good.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  I I usually {X}
interviewer:  Mm-hmm would that be like a sauce for the pie?
548:  Uh huh
interviewer:  That's what you would call it?
548:  It's good yeah.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm and you call it uh?
548:  Cream
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  sweet cream.
interviewer:  Yes ma'am
548:  Or either just cow cream is good on it.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  All that sweet milk.
interviewer:  Yes ma'am it's kind of a sauce for it.
548:  Uh huh
interviewer:  That's what you would call it?
548:  Yeah
interviewer:  What what would you call a food that you eat between meals? You say you're having a?
548:  Lunch?
interviewer:  Well between meals maybe between lunch and supper.
548:  A bite?
interviewer:  Sure {NW}
548:  A bite.
interviewer:  Alright just have a bite to eat?
548:  Yeah
interviewer:  Do you uh drink this hot stuff that a lot of people drink for breakfast?
548:  Chocolate?
interviewer:  Well not that but uh
548:  Coffee?
interviewer:  Yeah
548:  I love coffee
interviewer:  Mm-hmm how do you drink yours? What do you like in it?
548:  Well I generally put a little milk sweet milk in it. I don't put no sugar cause I got high blood and I ain't supposed to.
interviewer:  Yes ma'am Do you ever hear people if they wanted coffee but they didn't want anything in it at all how would what would they say? How would they say that?
548:  I want my coffee black. {NW}
interviewer:  How's anybody stand that with nothing in it. {X} Have you ever heard any people say I like my coffee straight?
548:  Uh huh yeah I've heard 'em say I want it straight then I hear him say I want my coffee like my women I want it black {NW}
interviewer:  Oh I don't know about that.
548:  I've heard that before.
interviewer:  Have you ever heard anybody say they wanted this coffee barefooted?
548:  No
interviewer:  With nothing in it.
548:  Uh uh barefooted no.
interviewer:  I asked you about an expression you know if you had a lot of people over at your house for a meal.
548:  Yeah
interviewer:  And if they were all just standing around the table and you don't want 'em to you'd tell 'em to go ahead and?
548:  Go ahead and sit down.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm okay And say after they were already seated at the table if you didn't want them to wait until supper was passed to 'em you'd tell 'em to go ahead and?
548:  Go ahead and help yourself.
interviewer:  Okay what would you say if somebody passed you something that you just did not like?
548:  I'd pass it on down from me.
interviewer:  {NW}
548:  That's what I'd have getting by
interviewer:  Right you wouldn't say anything though?
548:  Uh uh
interviewer:  Like I I don't care for that or
548:  No I don't I don't think I would say it. Well I'd get by and pass it all around the table .
interviewer:  Oh Mm-kay What what would you call a food that's been heated and served a second time?
548:  A left over.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  I do that lots of times.
interviewer:  Oh yeah? Supper that you had?
548:  Mm-hmm
interviewer:  The day earlier or something like that?
548:  I was eating if I cooked you see need one I don't need much to have. So I can't cook just what I eat.
interviewer:  Yes ma'am
548:  So I just warm it over and eat it again.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm Have you ever heard of eating something that was just cornmeal a boiled in water and maybe a little salt in?
548:  Mush
interviewer:  Is it good?
548:  Yeah it's good too. Back in the old days they made a lot of that.
interviewer:  Is that right?
548:  My momma did made by pots full and we wouldn't stop 'til we eat it up.
interviewer:  Hmm it was pretty good?
548:  Yeah now-a-days nobody don't never do that no more.
interviewer:  Hmm
548:  Not that I know of.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  Back in the old days momma sure made a lot of it.
interviewer:  Yes ma'am What about uh something that's a real starchy food and it grows in flooding fields around here.
548:  Rice?
interviewer:  Yeah does any of that grow around here in this area?
548:  Yeah not you know not around here in town but out in maybe in some country.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm Well I I never seen that growing until last summer I was in Arkansas and I was riding along and I saw these fields and I was {X} and I say boy these people have had good rain out here
548:  #1 {NW} #
interviewer:  #2 all these fields covered in water. # {NW} I didn't know that's what it's supposed to be.
548:  Oh and we were talking about snakes they're in them places.
interviewer:  Yeah
548:  I mean
interviewer:  Have you ever been around a rice field?
548:  No I ain't been around it but uh my sister's husband is.
interviewer:  Hmm
548:  And she'd be out there at night watching the pumps you know that pumps that water in them. One night he's out there and a snake got in his boot.
interviewer:  Uh
548:  I don't reckon it had room to bite him.
interviewer:  {NW}
548:  He had pull that boot off pour that snake out.
interviewer:  Whoa I think I would have gotten out of that boot pretty quick.
548:  I think I would too. I'd be so scared I don't know whether I'd try to throw it off or not.
interviewer:  Yeah
548:  {NW}
interviewer:  Have you ever heard of people around here make a homemade liquor you know and instill used to make it up in the hill.
548:  Oh I've heard it.
interviewer:  What they call that stuff?
548:  Moonshine
interviewer:  I understand that that's not very good stuff.
548:  I don't imagine.
interviewer:  Yeah
548:  I never did try it.
interviewer:  You ever heard call it white lightening?
548:  Uh huh I hear that song about white lightening but I reckon it's the same stuff.
interviewer:  {NW} I guess so.
548:  That white lightening is power wasn't it?
interviewer:  I I think it was. I don't know I never tried any.
548:  Well I hadn't either but going from that song I'm talking about.
interviewer:  I don't think they make that stuff in a very sanitary condition.
548:  Uh uh I don't think so.
interviewer:  I asked you about this expression you would say that when you put food in your mouth and you began to?
548:  Chew
interviewer:  Mm-kay we were talking about molasses a minute ago is that is there something like molasses but just a little bit different?
548:  Honey?
interviewer:  Okay or something else besides that? You could pour on hotcakes? Like syrup
548:  Yeah well I always called it all molasses. {NW}
interviewer:  So there's not any difference between
548:  Well there's different kinds but I just say molasses and get it over with.
interviewer:  {NW} Alright so as far as you're concerned molasses and syrup is the same thing?
548:  Mm-hmm syrup's just a new name that's all.
interviewer:  I see. What about these expressions say if I have on a belt and it's made out of cow hide and nothing else. I might tell somebody well now this isn't imitation cow hide this is?
548:  Real cow hide.
interviewer:  Or I might say this is gen-?
548:  Genuine cow hide.
interviewer:  Alright You know before sugar was sold packaged like it is now-a-days. They might sell it uh maybe out of the barrel or something like that? How would they say they were selling it?
548:  By the pound
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  Is that right?
interviewer:  Yes ma'am would that be the same as saying you selling it uh bulk sugar? Bulk sugar
548:  That's the same
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  cause you so much a pound for it it don't matter how many pounds you get.
interviewer:  Yes ma'am
548:  And it's got to be the same thing.
interviewer:  As what?
548:  As uh bulk sugar.
interviewer:  Pardon bulk sugar? You've heard it called that?
548:  Bulk?
interviewer:  Bull or bulk
548:  Bulk of sugar uh huh It don't matter how big a bulk it is
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  if it's one pound or two.
interviewer:  Yes ma'am
548:  Uh huh
interviewer:  I see You said that you didn't cook biscuits very much anymore. You know some people when they cook biscuits they like to spread this stuff on them they butter 'em and spread this maybe strawberry or grape?
548:  Jelly
interviewer:  Mm-hmm do you like to do that to yours?
548:  Oh boy
interviewer:  {NW}
548:  If I can get somebody else to cook 'em I do. {NW}
interviewer:  {NW} I guess so what kinds of jelly do you like?
548:  Well I like grape jelly or an apple apple jelly well I like almost any kind of jelly.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  But them buttered biscuits are so hard {NW}
interviewer:  I know what you mean {X} What would you say the opposite of rich is if a man don't have much money you say he's real?
548:  Poor
interviewer:  Mm-kay Say that uh talking about something else if you had a lot of fruit trees growing together what would you call that you'd say you had a big?
548:  Orchard
interviewer:  Right any of those around here that you know of? Hadn't seen any? Yeah
548:  {X}
interviewer:  Do people grow any kind of fruit trees around here?
548:  Uh uh uh but do you know do you know we from a one tree you can have um like peaches apples and pears made just from one tree.
interviewer:  From one tree?
548:  Mm-hmm
interviewer:  I didn't know that.
548:  You can
interviewer:  Hmm
548:  well you see you can cut off a branch and um well the way I've seen it done they cut off the top of just any finer tree you know just any kind of tree it don't have to be uh a fruit tree.
interviewer:  Yes ma'am
548:  And cut if off to a big um {X} about that high. And then they took a saw and sawed it down in there.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  And and along that thing they'd stick uh uh peach tree branch in there and on the other side an apple tree branch you know around like that. It had four or five different fruits on that one tree.
interviewer:  Huh
548:  When they get it in there they would see that they have to uh take a tape I reckon it look like white tape made to fasten {X} where you cut it down there. Fasten it together right tight on that branch and it will grow right on up and made their fruit just the same but it was a different kind of tree.
interviewer:  {X} That's pretty convenient to have everything in one tree.
548:  Uh huh
interviewer:  Yeah sure is.
548:  You can do it I've seen it done.
interviewer:  Do you remember what kind of tree it was that George Washington was supposed to cut down?
548:  Cherry tree.
interviewer:  Do you believe that?
548:  Do I believe it?
interviewer:  That story about that.
548:  Yeah it's got to be {X}.
interviewer:  What what do you call that hard inside part of the cherry that you might crack a tooth on if you bit down on it?
548:  A seed?
interviewer:  Mm-hmm What about an inside part of a peach?
548:  You can eat that anyway {NW}
interviewer:  What do you call that?
548:  That's a seed
interviewer:  That's a seed? Do you have these peaches around here where the meat of the peach is real tight against the seed?
548:  We get 'em every once and awhile
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  It's so tight and you can hardly get enough of it off the seed to do no good.
interviewer:  What do you call those kinds of peaches?
548:  Man I don't know.
interviewer:  Have you heard them called plain peach or fresh peach anything like that?
548:  No no I ain't never hear them called nothing but really if I know what I'm getting I just go and get one.
interviewer:  {NW} You have that other type where the seed comes out real easy?
548:  Clear seed
interviewer:  Yes ma'am
548:  Them them's nice
interviewer:  Mm-hmm yeah I bet they are. What about that part of the apple that's left after you've eaten around it?
548:  Core
interviewer:  Mm-hmm Do you ever hear of people around her cutting up uh apples and peaches and setting them out to dry?
548:  We used to do that.
interviewer:  What did you use that for?
548:  Well we we we cut 'em cut the apples and peaches and you know peeled 'em and cut 'em put 'em on a sheet and had a tin you know pieces of tin out in the yard. {NW} We'd take 'em out there and spread the sheet out on that tin and scatter them out then at night we'd bring 'em in and in the morning we'd carry 'em back again.
interviewer:  Hmm
548:  Until they dry.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  Then we would put 'em up and cook.
interviewer:  Would they would they {NW} say if you left a whole apple out in the sun say it dried and get real wrinkled you know {X}
548:  Just shriveled away.
interviewer:  Something like this is not good for anything is it?
548:  Uh uh
interviewer:  Just have to throw it away.
548:  That's right.
interviewer:  Are there any kinds of nuts that grow around here?
548:  Nut?
interviewer:  Like uh where I'm from these nuts that grow in the ground uh hard shell on 'em.
548:  Peanuts
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  {NW}
interviewer:  Yeah do those grow around here?
548:  Well they would if somebody had a garden that would plant 'em.
interviewer:  Hmm
548:  Yeah they would grow.
interviewer:  But there not a money crop for the farmers or anything like that?
548:  Uh uh I don't know when I've seen any peanuts grow.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm Have you ever heard people call 'em anything besides peanuts?
548:  Goobers {NW}
interviewer:  Right yes
548:  Yeah
interviewer:  Yeah that's a big crop where I'm from. Some farms make their money off 'em.
548:  Well where are you from?
interviewer:  Alabama That's peanut country down there. Sure is. Well what did the farmers around here grow mostly?
548:  Well mostly wheat or or cotton or corn or rice other words I think that's about all they grew.
interviewer:  Yeah
548:  There's a place down here {X} where they plant all kinds of stuff you know um {X} a lot of them got but anyway these boys and girls you know they's picks what to raise. The one that raises the best cow or the best uh peanuts or the best whatever it is
interviewer:  {X}
548:  {X} something like that {X} They plant them down there and they give away by truckloads.
interviewer:  Uh
548:  You see I after they raise 'em and grow all kinds of stuff down there.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  But I never can find out when they gonna give 'em away I can't get none.
interviewer:  It would be nice to know.
548:  Mm-hmm
interviewer:  Yeah {NW}
548:  When they get through with 'em maybe just give 'em away to anybody that comes get 'em.
interviewer:  Do you have any kind of uh these trees that you know got nuts growing on 'em uh sort of like {X}
548:  Hickory nuts?
interviewer:  Got some of those trees around here?
548:  Um I seen none in years I don't know what.
interviewer:  Hmm What about pecan trees?
548:  Yeah there's lots of pecan trees around here. But I don't know just every two or three years they make pecans.
interviewer:  Hmm
548:  Then there's a year or two they don't make none.
interviewer:  Hmm Got any walnut? Don't have any of those?
548:  Not that I know of.
interviewer:  What's that?
548:  Walnuts
interviewer:  I see you ever heard of uh uh nut called an almond?
548:  Almond?
interviewer:  Yes ma'am {X}
548:  No I don't I don't hear {X} well I haven't seen none I don't think.
interviewer:  When you were telling me about your garden uh you did mention a little vegetable usually kinda round and red got a hot peppery taste to it some people make this horse uh?
548:  Radish
interviewer:  You ever grow grow those things?
548:  But
interviewer:  Before they're radishes Right here?
548:  That ain't what that's made out of is it?
interviewer:  What?
548:  Horse radish made out of radish.
interviewer:  I meant I meant horse radish you ever heard of that?
548:  Yeah I heard of it.
interviewer:  Uh Do you have uh this citrus fruit growing around here uh got a lot of seeds in it. Like a lot of it grows in Florida.
548:  No
interviewer:  Yeah
548:  Not that I know of
interviewer:  Mm-hmm Don;t have any oranges growing here?
548:  Uh uh not an orange tree in this in Mississippi not that I know of.
interviewer:  Hmm I see. You what about the different kinds of berries that grow around here?
548:  Mm-hmm dewberries
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  or black berry
interviewer:  Got any {NW} Excuse me got any strawberries?
548:  Yeah some people's got a few strawberries.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm
548:  They will grow here yeah.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm Let me ask you about this expression say {NW} if a man had seven boys and seven girls in his family you'd say he sure had a whole?
548:  Bunch of
interviewer:  Mm-hmm yeah a whole bunch of children? Or something else you might say um he's gotta whole?
548:  Crowd of children.
interviewer:  Yeah
548:  I'll tell you {X}
interviewer:  {NW} What's the most children you ever heard of in one family?
548:  Twenty some
interviewer:  Twenty? Just one family?
548:  Uh huh
interviewer:  Is it somebody you knew?
548:  It's uh huh Mr. Park and Ms. Park Mr. Park married and um him and his first wife had a bunch of children and he married another woman and they had another bunch by her.
interviewer:  He had twenty children?
548:  Mm-hmm he did by them two women.
interviewer:  I wonder if they were all at the house at the same time.
548:  No uh uh
interviewer:  {NW}
548:  {NW} No I {X}
interviewer:  Mm-hmm man I can't imagine that.
548:  There's uh man goes over yonder I I forgot how many he has but he's got just about that many {D} He said you know they give the old folks the oldest man that comes over there Father's Day they they give him a treat of some kind and he had to tell how many kids he had he told his wife that I wish I hadn't come today and she say why because I had {X} kids
interviewer:  Yeah
548:  And she said well you not ashamed of them are you? He said no I ain't ashamed of 'em but he had the most kids of anybody there.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm You ever hear somebody say or so and so just got a whole passel of kids?
548:  Yeah I've heard 'em say that too.
interviewer:  Is that they way they would say it?
548:  Yeah
interviewer:  How's that?
548:  Uh oh oh oh so and so's got a whole passel of kids.
interviewer:  {NW} Well say if you on the way to go to the store to get you some lettuce you'd tell me to go get? Two or three?
548:  Heads of lettuce
interviewer:  Mm-hmm yeah Have you ever heard somebody would say that he has so many heads of children?
548:  No
interviewer:  Hadn't heard that?
548:  No
interviewer:  Talking about corn when corn's growing that stuff that grows right out of the top of the stalk what do you call that?
548:  Silk
interviewer:  Hmm
548:  Corn silk
interviewer:  Is that like the stuff you have to brush off the ear?
548:  Mm-hmm you know it comes out of the ear you know while it's making uh {X}
interviewer:  Right what about the stuff that grows right out of the top of the stock?
548:  I always called it tassel.
interviewer:  Mm-hmm yeah and {X} {X} that's your neighbor?
548:  Uh-huh she was going in over there {X}