Interviewer: Your name? 595: {B} {NS} Interviewer: and your address? 595: {B} {NS} Interviewer: Okay {NS} um where were you born? {NS} 595: I was born right here in Jefferson County {NS} Interviewer: Right here at Norman or 595: uh {NS} I believe now that would be in um {NS} no {NS} I don't know There ain't nothing no community at all didn't have no {NS} no name to it Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 595: #2 It just # {NS} Jefferson {X} in general is all I can say {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm About how far away from here? {NS} 595: About {NS} ten miles {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Whats the name of this community? {NS} 595: Norman {NS} Interviewer: and state? {NS} 595: Mississippi {NS} Interviewer: and how old are you? 595: Fifty {NS} Interviewer: Exactly fifty? 595: mm-hmm {NS} I was fifty in October. {NS} Interviewer: and um tell me about the work you do or what work you have done {NS} 595: Well {NW} I've not been {NS} employed besides wife #1 all # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 595: Nothing after that {NW} Interviewer: You uh you did farming and 595: Yeah now I did work in the field when I was a kid Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} Do y'all farm any at all now? 595: Well we raise a little corn in the garden is about all {NS} Interviewer: Oh and what church do you go to? {NS} 595: Fellowship Baptist {D: over here at the} {NS} Interviewer: Over where? 595: {X} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} Tell me about your education. What school you went to how far you got? {NS} 595: Well I went {NS} to Union Church but that has been discontinued now. Interviewer: mm-hmm. {NS} Where was it? near where you lived? {NS} 595: um {NS} I don't know. Have you ever been out that way? {NS} It's good little piece from here Interviewer: It's down past Redlake or? 595: uh-huh Yeah way down {NS} Get on twenty-eight {NS} out there and then {NS} twenty-eight runs right through. Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 595: #2 Union Church # Interviewer: {NS} Uh how long did you go there? {NS} 595: About seven years I imagine Interviewer: uh-huh up through seventh grade? or sixth grade? 595: Sixth Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: I got in about a half a year {NS} before I was old enough to go to school Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} um Have you done any traveling? 595: huh-uh Just visiting around a little bit Interviewer: Mm-hmm where have you gone? 595: Well I went to Louisiana {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: Texas a couple times {NS} Interviewer: Are you very active in church or any clubs? 595: No but we do go to church. Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: We're not any {NS} club members Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about uh your parents where were they born? {NS} 595: They were born here in Jefferson County Interviewer: Both of them? 595: uh-huh {NS} hmm {NS} Interviewer: Over near where you 595: {NW} Interviewer: Over near where you were born? 595: mm-hmm Yeah sure was. My grandfather Ross um {NS} had his place out there well and we were all born on the same place on his place {NS} Interviewer: This was your mother's father? 595: My daddy's daddy. Well my mother's father was born here in Jefferson County too {NS} Interviewer: Hmm you sure were {NS} um {NS} Do you know {NS} anything about your parent's education? If they could read and write or? 595: Yeah they could read and write but now as far as me knowing how far they got in school I I couldn't say Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What sort of work did they do? {NS} 595: Daddy farmed some when he was younger and {NS} and public worked Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about your mother? {NS} 595: Well she didn't hold {NS} a job either {X} has one Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} um And your grandparents let's see your mother's parents they were {NS} 595: Well now I didn't know {NS} much about them {NS} mm-hmm Grandma Davenport died when {NS} I was just a kid Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: And I never did know grandpa Davenport he died when mother was {NS} a small child Interviewer: mm-hmm Do you know where they were born? {NS} 595: No I I don't think I do {NS} but {NS} they were all born here in Jefferson County. Interviewer: oh your {NS} mother's parents #1 were both # 595: #2 mm-hmm # Interviewer: born in Jefferson county? 595: uh-huh Mother and daddy both both sides of the family born in Jefferson County Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Do you know what um sort of work your mother's parents did? {NS} 595: Well no now my grandfather on mother's side Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: Had a cotton gin {NS} and if I remember right {NS} he ran the post office {NS} just a little hole in the wall I guess you could call it. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} So he's he could probably read and write pretty well. 595: mm-hmm yeah {NS} What about your um grandmother {NS} you know about her education? No uh I don't Interviewer: mm-hmm {NW} um {NS} And your grandparents on your father's side? 595: Well now I can barely remember my grandpa on daddy's side but grandma died when I {NS} shortly after her last child so Interviewer: mm 595: Oh that'd be a hundred years ago {NW} because I think grandma Davenport was {NS} I believe now she was right around ninety-two when she died {NS} Aux: {NW} 595: I never did get to see grandpa Davenport Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Do you know anything about your father's parents um like what sort of work they did or 595: {NW} Well now grandpa Ross was a farmer {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about your grandmother? {NS} just housewife or 595: mm-hmm Yeah she was a housewife {NS} Aux: {X} Interviewer: Would you know about their education? 595: No Interviewer: {NS} mm-hmm 595: I wouldn't {NS} Interviewer: Did you ever hear um anybody say where um either of your parent's people came from way back a long time ago 595: No but I think um {NS} I think uh let's see know was it grandpa Davenport {NS} Was it {NS} Scott's descent Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Is this your mother's? 595: uh-huh {NS} Mother's daddy {NS} Interviewer: What about your husband how old is he? 595: He's fifty-five {NS} Interviewer: And he goes to {NS} a baptist church too? 595: mm-hmm {NS} Interviewer: What about his education? 595: Well now I think he got a third grade education Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} what sort of work does he do? 595: He works with {D: R-E} {NS} Interviewer: Is it rural electric 595: mm-hmm Interviewer: What does he do? for R-E {NS} 595: Well he used to be {D: a line} {NS} he does {NW} now just anything in general here if they need him out on the lines they'll send him out {NS} and if they don't need him there well they'll put him in the shop to Aux: what 595: repair the trucks and anything that has to be done Interviewer: mm-hmm What um where was he born? 595: He was born here in Jefferson County. We're all homesteaders {NW} we didn't stray off very far {NW} Interviewer: Do you think his parents were born here too? {NS} 595: Well now I don't know but I have heard his mother Aux: {X} {NS} 595: Speak of um {NS} I don't know I believe they were all born in Franklin County {NS} Interviewer: Where's that? 595: {X} {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: No I think that's in it's either Franklin or Wilkinson County I don't know just which. Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: but Aux: {X} 595: I don't think now they were born here but they all migrated from way down it's not far {NS} Interviewer: um Is your husband very active in {NS} clubs or church or 595: uh-uh He's just uh lodge and legion member and Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: Outside of that that's all Interviewer: What's what lodge? your son's lodge 595: mm-hmm {NS} Interviewer: What legion? {NS} 595: The American legion. Aux: {X} {NS} {X} Interviewer: are you in {NS} anything like that or you just go {NS} 595: uh-uh uh well now we uh {NS} we attend the suppers and that's how that and the installation of the officers #1 that's all # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 595: {NS} Interviewer: um Tell me something about what this community is like how much it's changed since well when did you come to Norman? 595: I think I lived here in Norman about well thirty- two years #1 I think # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 595: And it hasn't changed much {NS} some of the old buildings has been sold and the older people have died out and {NS} some of the buildings has been sold and the only thing new around is the post office Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: And it's not completed yet but it's Interviewer: What? {NS} they're building a new post office 595: mm-hmm Interviewer: where's that? 595: uh just across the highway on {X} {NS} But it used to have a hotel that's been discontinued as it's about to fall down {NW} {NS} {X} {NS} Interviewer: uh {NS} When you were growing up did you live in did you move around a lot or? 595: uh-uh No um we was out here in the eastern part of the county {NS} and I married and mother and daddy now the young one's all lived Vicksburg Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: and {NS} we was all born and raised here and we settled here after we married Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} um I'd like to get an idea of what the house that you grew up in looked like you think you could um sort of make a a floor plan of it you know to show me where the rooms how many rooms there were and and where they were? 595: I can't I don't even remember Barbara it's been so long and that house has been all torn down Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: So I wouldn't I wouldn't know how to start anything like that Interviewer: What about for this house here? do you think you could 595: well Interviewer: sorta make a 595: I'll let you do the drawing I'll let you look and um {NW} Interviewer: well you tell 595: You can draw it Interviewer: You tell me how it is 595: oh well Well you could very well take it here Interviewer: no 595: Well it's just uh you wanna sit over here or Interviewer: No you just go sit down I'll {NS} 595: It's just a four room house. Interviewer: just is it longer than it is wide or 595: Yeah I believe it is uh-huh {NS} and we built this extra room on over on the other end of it {NS} Interviewer: Do you know what the how many? 595: #1 the dimensions are? # Interviewer: #2 feet there are # 595: I think this is uh {NS} twelve by fourteen I think Interviewer: twelve feet wide 595: mm-hmm Interviewer: fourteen 595: fourteen long {NS} Interviewer: oh 595: Now this room the living room and that bedroom in there they're both the same size Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and the this junk room and kitchen are the same size Interviewer: so so like you just divide it right down the middle 595: mm-hmm {NS} Interviewer: okay {NW} um {X} where where do I put them all {NS} are these four rooms all the same size? 595: Uh well what this one and this one are these two are and this supposedly bedroom and the kitchen are all the same size but they're smaller than Interviewer: uh-huh 595: I think they have nine and a half feet wide Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and eighteen feet long Interviewer: for what footage 595: this uh bedroom in here Interviewer: uh-huh 595: kitchen I measured the kitchen here not but two or three years ago I was going to put some linoleum on it Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: and I never did do it after Woodrow started with the tile in here I said, "well we'll be going all over it" Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and pay as we go {NS} Interviewer: um let's see this {NS} scattered I'm gonna {NS}{X} gets too low {X} 595: Yes it does {NW} {NS} Interviewer: Let's see now there are just four rooms in this 595: mm-hmm Interviewer: house? 595: And um we built this other one on over on the other side Interviewer: Where? Where is that? Over here? {NS} 595: uh Interviewer: If this this is the room we're in now 595: mm-hmm {NS} Well now it would be over on this side then {NS} Interviewer: Wait a second {NS} yeah over how far out does it go? {NW} 595: mm {NS} It's either a twelve {NS} or a fourteen by sixteen {NS} Interviewer: So it {NS} is it does it go back as far as this 595: #1 mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 room # 595: uh-huh sure does Interviewer: Something like that then? 595: mm-hmm {NS} Interviewer: You say each of these rooms this room here is twelve by fourteen? 595: mm-hmm {NS} Of course the little boy here going to the bathroom {NS} now that would be the bathroom and the foyer would be behind that other room over on the other side Interviewer: how you sorted all that huh? {NS} how are the bathroom 595: well the {NS} Interviewer: let's see 595: Plus it uh {NS} that other room and really cut it off some {NS} oh no little boy room gonna be like this Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: And uh the bathroom is whole width of this room I'm I'll mess it up for you {NS} and it's a little Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 595: #2 little # space maybe that is wide that doesn't extend as far as the kitchen does Interviewer: mm-hmm what was the foyer? {NS} 595: Well um then you come out of this room {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: Go through there uh I said I'd mess you up guess I did {NS} and uh go on in the bathroom and then um come out of the kitchen Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: and to the bathroom Interviewer: This is is just sort of a little space 595: uh-huh mm-hmm something little like a little hall Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} This is the bathroom? 595: mm-hmm {NS} Interviewer: What about this room here? 595: Now that would be the kitchen. {NS} Interviewer: And this? {NS} 595: That would be the this bedroom in here Interviewer: What was the junk? 595: Junk room that's my bedroom. Interviewer: Of this #1 okay # 595: #2 mm-hmm # {NW} If I had anything to hide I'd go poke it in there Interviewer: {NW} What about um {NS} this room here? 595: Now that's a bedroom. {NS} Interviewer: Oh this is the room we're in now 595: Oh yeah well this is the bedroom then {NS} Interviewer: oh {NS} 595: {NW} This this would be the living room Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Any old fashioned name for living room? {NS} 595: I don't know unless it's called it a parlor Interviewer: mm-hmm Did you ever call it that? 595: uh-uh Sure did Interviewer: What about this room here? 595: Well now that one uh would be the uh bedroom and we would Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: Built on {NS} you said there was a closet Interviewer: #1 somewhere # 595: #2 mm-hmm # Interviewer: where? 595: Yeah there's a little closet in this other bedroom in here {NS} Interviewer: hmm 595: Closet between {NS} the bedroom and the bathroom Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} So here or something in this bedroom here? the new one? 595: mm-hmm Interviewer: Just like that or? {NW} 595: mm-hmm {NS} Interviewer: um What about the doors where are they? {NS} 595: {NW} Let me see now well we have a front door to that other room out yonder I don't understand this you know in a {NS} outlay or anything like that but the {NS} door is long in here Interviewer: uh-huh 595: but it uh we're pretty close to it Interviewer: right here? 595: mm-hmm And then {NS} one I guess you could say it's out this way Interviewer: It goes to outside? 595: mm-hmm {NS} Interviewer: What about {NS} and you say there's a door here? 595: mm-hmm {NS} Interviewer: There's that one there. {NS} and {NS} what about uh {NS} uh the doors back here? {NS} 595: Let me see um bedroom and the kitchen {NS} well I guess you would put your door right along there then. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about {X} can you get {NS} from this bedroom to the kitchen? {NS} Is there a door here? 595: mm-hmm {NS} Yeah I reckon so {NS} there's one there and one back in there Interviewer: mm-hmm What about from this one kitchen to the bathroom is there a door? 595: mm-hmm yeah {NS} Interviewer: Or does it is it there or {NS} is it come from this foyer? 595: uh-huh {NS} Interviewer: Like that? {NS} 595: Let's see now {NS} I imagine so yes uh-huh {NS} Interviewer: Is this door from this foyer too? should it come {NS} 595: Well as you go through the kitchen you'll take a {NS} take the left Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: No you don't you take the right {NS} and you go in the bathroom {NS} and you take a left as you {NS} in the foyer you go into the bedroom Interviewer: Oh so this {NS} {NW} {NS} okay is there a door from these two bedrooms to each other? {NS} 595: {D: let me get this uh} Interviewer: #1 you can't see? # 595: #2 from {X} # Interviewer: Can you see now? from that bedroom in there to the bedroom you #1 got # 595: #2 oh huh-uh # uh-uh Interviewer: okay 595: No you have to go have to go through the kitchen or on the porch Interviewer: Where is how is the porch come? {NS} 595: Let's see uh {NS} Interviewer: Does it go all the way across the front 595: mm-hmm Well no {X} {NS} stops off I imagine about mid ways between that window and door and that {NS} Aux: It can't get to the window Interviewer: oh it it goes just like about to here or 595: mm-hmm I imagine so about half way {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: Well {NW} I don't know {NS} I guess it's all the same but the porch on this room goes all the way the porch is all the way on this extra room Interviewer: how oh the #1 porch should go all the way to this room? # 595: #2 mm-hmm mm-hmm # mm-hmm all the way down past that bedroom that that's the new bedroom there Interviewer: uh-huh wait {NS} 595: It would stop off about half way {NS} from the living room well it's not quite Aux: is that like that 595: #1 uh # Aux: #2 isn't it? # Interviewer: {NS} oh so it goes like that 595: mm-hmm Interviewer: and cuts off here? Aux: {X} Interviewer: #1 okay # Aux: #2 {X} # #1 {X} # 595: #2 okay # Small porches {X} Interviewer: #1 What a # Aux: #2 {X} # {X} Interviewer: is there a back porch or? 595: mm-hmm Yeah we do have a back porch it {NS} comes out {NS} from the kitchen {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: and it stops off right at the kitchen door {NS} and it goes all the way back to the {NS} Interviewer: is where's the kitchen door behind us? {NS} 595: Well I imagine that would be right along in there Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: and part in the back porch is uh walled up there's just part of it opened and the rest of it's built up so high in the screened room Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Which part is that? {NW} 595: Well I I would say you've got that about right {NS} Interviewer: Okay. {NS} Do you remember um? let's see to get from the porch to the ground you have uh {NS} How do you get from the porch down to the ground? {NS} 595: Well just just the steps would be all Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: That Aux: three 595: uh uh I think there's {NW} two or three #1 steps # Aux: #2 three steps # 595: uh-huh #1 There's three steps. # Aux: #2 Three # 595: {D: uh he only halfway} {D: talk so} {NS} uh You take all that kinda stuff for granted Interviewer: {NW} um 595: Been here so long told you {NS} you just kinda get set in your ways and you just take that for granted. Well it's there {NS} and I know it I don't pay it no mind Interviewer: yeah {NS} Do you remember any old fashioned name for porch? {NS} 595: Yeah a gallery. Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: Other than uh that's about all I know Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: Used to used to call them gallery {NS} Interviewer: um {NS} How did you get how was the house that you grew up in heated? {NS} 595: Fireplace Interviewer: uh-huh Tell me about the fireplace the thing that the smoke goes up through you call that the? 595: the chimney Interviewer: okay What about this this thing down here? 595: You call that the hearth. Interviewer: mm-hmm Do you ever remember cooking on that? {NS} 595: um yeah {NW} We'd roast potatoes {NS} sweet potatoes in the fireplace {NW} Interviewer: #1 What would you # 595: #2 That's about # All that the we cooked we always had on the wood stove Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: Cooked on that {NS} Interviewer: What would you use to cook in on the fireplace? {NS} What would you cook the food in? 595: An iron skillet I guess you'd call it. Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: uh {NS} I want you to {NS} Aux: #1 I know what y'all are talking # 595: #2 {X} # Dutch oven iron {NS} looked like an iron pot with it's top on it Interviewer: Did this skillet have legs on it or? 595: uh-huh Some of them did yeah Interviewer: mm-hmm What about the thing you'd use nowadays to fry eggs in? {NS} 595: Well ours would be the just the old plain wire and skillets Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: They wouldn't have legs on them. Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and no tops Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Is the thing that um {NS} you set the wood on in the fireplace {NS} 595: They call those andirons. Interviewer: Any other name for those? 595: Well uh {NS} The old folks would call them dog irons {NS} sure would {NW} Interviewer: #1 What about um # 595: #2 {X} # Interviewer: {NS} This thing here {NS} 595: Now that's a mantle {NS} and they have different shapes and sizes Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: Some of them are I don't know you might could call marble top or stone I don't know #1 just what they'd # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 595: Would call them nowadays Interviewer: did {NW} you ever hear it called anything but mantle? {NS} 595: uh-huh sure have Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about um {NW} the black stuff that forms in the chimney? 595: That's soot. Interviewer: Okay {NS} And the stuff that you have to shovel out of the fireplace 595: That would be {NW} that's what we'd call the ashes {NW} Interviewer: uh-huh 595: {NW} Interviewer: Say if if you were gonna start a fire what kind of wood would you use? {NS} 595: Well just most any kind I reckon {NS} Interviewer: Well #1 You know # 595: #2 Something like the # Small kindling Interviewer: uh-huh What's kindling? 595: {X} well we'd always build our fires with pine, fat pine Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} That's what you call kindling? 595: uh-huh {NS} Interviewer: What about say you might take a big piece of wood and set that sort of towards the back of the fireplace {NS} it'd burn for a long time 595: That's the back log Interviewer: okay {NS} Tell me about things that you'd have in the house um this thing that I'm sitting in you'd call a? {NS} 595: Well that's my dining chair but {NW} Interviewer: Okay 595: {NW} I have to bring them to the living room because all our rockers {NW} when we get all of the rockers in here we don't have room for ourselves. Interviewer: Yeah {NS} What about um that thing there that {NS} two or three people could sit on? {NS} 595: Well a couch would be all I know {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh Any other name? 595: Well some people call them a davenport. Interviewer: mm-hmm What about sofa? 595: Sofas? Interviewer: mm-hmm Is that all the same thing? 595: mm-hmm {NS} I would imagine so. #1 mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # {NS} What might you have in your bedroom to keep your clothes in? {NS} 595: Well we have a chest of drawers. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: And the rest of our things are hanging on a hanger on the wall. {NS} Interviewer: Did you ever see something that's built that um {NS} you can hang your clothes in? {NS} 595: Well some uh {NS} Cedar robes and a chifforobe Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: Well we had an old chifforobe in here {NS} Interviewer: What's the difference between the cedar robe and the chifforobe {NS} 595: Well the only difference I'd know would be that cedar robes are made of cedar Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: and {NS} people say that that cedar protects that odor protects the clothes from moths {NS} Interviewer: hmm 595: But I I wouldn't know myself {NW} I never did #1 have one # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 595: I wish I did Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 did you ever hear of another name for um # {NS} Cedar robe or did you ever hear of armoire or? {NS} 595: No I don't guess {NS} don't guess I have Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Anything else besides a chest of drawers {NS} that people maybe used to have? {NS} 595: Well um {NS} some people called them wardrobes {NS} Interviewer: And what's that? {NS} 595: Well we've got one in here. {NS} And it was here when we moved {NS} and uh it's a place where you can uh {NS} you know fold and stack your quilts away {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and there's a top shelf I guess you can call that {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and a shelf to put your linen in Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 595: #2 I don't know # {NS} I never did see one like that {NS} Interviewer: but you can't hang things in it 595: uh-uh no not this uh-uh {NS} Interviewer: What about something um {NS} that you might have in your windows to pull down to keep the light out? {NS} 595: Well the blinds would be all {NS} {D: that I can think of} #1 but I don't uh # Interviewer: #2 is that a # 595: I don't have any Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} Is blinds made of solid material? 595: #1 mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 or {X} # 595: {NW} {NS} yeah {NS} Interviewer: You just pull? 595: Yeah that's a shade a window shade. Interviewer: uh-huh The blinds are different from the 595: uh-huh {NS} The blinds are different you can pull a string and {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about um 595: {NW} Interviewer: What would you call all the things that you have in your house? {NS} say the table and chairs the couch and {NS} 595: Well I guess I would call it just about that Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} What kind of 595: dining table Interviewer: {NS} What kind of store would you go to if you were going to buy some? {NS} 595: Well I guess I'd go to the furniture store Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: {NW} Interviewer: and the {NS} the top part of the house is called the {NS} 595: roof Interviewer: okay {NS} and the little room at the top of the house just under the roof {NS} 595: Now that would be the attic #1 I guess wouldn't it be? # Interviewer: #2 okay # {NS} What about the things along the edge of the roof to carry the water on? {NS} 595: That would be the eaves {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} how are they {NS} um on the roof are they built in or? 595: mm-hmm well ours are Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: and the top just extends little bit over Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about you know when you have a house in an "L" that low place where they come together? 595: mm-hmm Interviewer: that make a {NS} 595: now I don't know what you'd call that {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: I have no clue. {NS} but we used to live in a little house like that {NS} Interviewer: Oh really? 595: A bit {NS} across this way and then a little ways down this way {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} You never heard the name for that though 595: No I sure didn't {NS} Interviewer: um Did you ever hear {NS} of different kinds of kitchens maybe a kitchen built separate from the rest of the house or? {NS} 595: mm-hmm {NS} Like that uh {NS} same kind of thing. Did you pop my fingers little boy? {NS} That's the same kind of kitchen that uh {NS} My grandpa used to live in grandpa Ross used to live in. {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: his kitchen was built {NS} out from the house Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: No {NS} plank walk {NS} up on uh {NS} Well they'd saw logs and cut the blocks so high {NS} Interviewer: Did that plank walk have a special name? {NS} 595: Just a plank walk is all it was. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: As near as I remember {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: just a plank wall {NS} Interviewer: Did you ever hear of different names for kitchens? {NS} cook house or cook room or? {NS} something like that? {NS} 595: No {NS} I guess not. {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about a little room off the kitchen where you could store canned goods and dishes and things? {NS} 595: Well I don't know unless they'd call that a smokehouse Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: {D: would that be what it was?} I don't I don't really know {NS} Interviewer: just {NS} it's in your house though it's just a little room next to the kitchen 595: Oh I reckon that'd be called a cupboard wouldn't it? {NS} Interviewer: okay {NS} say um {NS} Do you have a lot of old worthless things like old broken furniture? {NS} That you're about to throw away? What might you call that? {NS} Say, "That's not good anymore that's just" {NS} 595: Well I'd call it junk I reckon Interviewer: okay 595: {X} {NW} get rid of it {NS} {NW} Interviewer: Say um {NS} A woman might say if her house was in a big mess she'd say, "I have to" {NS} do what to my house? {NS} It's all dirty I have to {NS} 595: Well just get on in there and clean it up but I'd call mine a disaster area Interviewer: #1 okay # 595: #2 {NW} # {NW} Which it usually is {NS} {NW} Aux: Can we go check out the puppies? {NS} 595: Sugar you don't have a {NS} jacket to put on Aux: I know where my {X} thing is {NS} Aux 2: a sweater? {NS} Aux: mm-hmm 595: Just wait a while maybe momma will come on down and {NS} pick you up and bring you a shirt too or a jacket {NS} Aux: I want to see the picture of the baby {NS} 595: Well they'll bring that too. Interviewer: Yeah {NW} 595: They sure will. {NS} So you you just stay inside {NS} while it's warm. {NS} Or where it's warm {NS} Aux: Cold out there 595: #1 yes ma'am # Aux: #2 with the puppies # 595: Goodness it's cold out there where the puppies are Aux: poor puppies are freezing {NS} 595: Well they momma go out there and stay with them {NS} {NW} {NS} See she'll tend to those puppies {NS} Aux: I know 595: We're wasting Barbara's tape. {NS} {NW} Doesn't matter does it? Aux: She said {X} he wanna talk {X} 595: hmm {NW} oh Aux: that's why I kept making noise 595: Well she she has to hang onto that so we better get on back to business. {NS} Okay let's go again {NW} Interviewer: The thing that you'd sweep with would be called a? 595: The broom. {NS} Interviewer: And say if if the door was open {NS} If the broom was in the corner and the door was open so the door was kind of hiding the broom you'd say the broom was {NS} where? {NS} 595: I'd just say it was behind the door. Interviewer: okay 595: It'd be there {NS} Interviewer: And if you had a two story house to get from the first floor to the second floor you have the 595: The stairs or the steps Interviewer: okay you call it steps if it's inside the house or? {NS} 595: Well I believe {NW} more often called stairs Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about um {NS} years ago on Monday women usually did what kind of work? 595: That was the usually their wash day Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} What about on Tuesday? {NS} 595: Well they probably ironed. {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} So they'd say I this week I have to do the {NS} 595: washing and {NS} ironing Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} um {NS} and the place where a bachelor might have his shirts done in town that'd be called a? {NW} 595: Laundry I guess Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} Did people used to use that word "laundry" to talk about washing and ironing? {NS} Did they ever say {X} 595: I guess so {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: Uh {NS} more likely than that'd be what they would call it Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} and {NS} if the door was 595: Are you marking that up? Don't do it. Interviewer: If the door was opened and you didn't want it that way you'd ask somebody to 595: to close it {NS} Interviewer: Or another word you could use 595: shut {NW} Interviewer: okay {NS} And you know some houses have boards on the outside of the house that lap over each other 595: mm-hmm {NS} Interviewer: You'd call that? 595: uh clap board I guess is what {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: {NW} {NS} That's the way this was when {NS} Interviewer: #1 any other name? # 595: #2 it's first # #1 built # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 595: {NW} Well now if it is I don't know about it {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: {NW} Clap board is all I know. You? Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: {NW} Interviewer: And say if if you wanted to hang up a picture you'd say I took a nail and a {NS} 595: And a hammer #1 {D:on tack} # Interviewer: #2 and # 595: {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} and I took the hammer and I what the nail in? {NS} 595: Drive it I reckon. Interviewer: okay #1 so I took # 595: #2 {X} # Interviewer: {NS} took the nail and took a hammer and {NS} 595: Hit the nail Interviewer: or {NS} talking about driving 595: {X} Aux: {NW} 595: {X} in the wall Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} You say yesterday I took the hammer and {NS} 595: drove it in Interviewer: okay #1 and # 595: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: the nail didn't get in far enough you'd say it's got to be {NS} 595: #1 driven more # Interviewer: #2 what # okay 595: {NW} Interviewer: before they had {NS} bathrooms inside they used to have {NS} 595: the outdoor toilet Interviewer: okay 595: {NW} Interviewer: What did they call those? {NS} Aux: {NW} 595: Well Johnny has {X} {NW} We always called it the outdoor toilet Interviewer: uh-huh any other #1 names for it # 595: #2 or the toilet # {NS} Well in slang I reckon it'd be the john. Interviewer: uh-huh anything else? {NS} 595: Not that I know of {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} What about a a building that's used for storing wood? {NS} 595: uh well that would be the wood shed I reckon Interviewer: okay {NS} What about tools? {NS} 595: tool shed or tool house {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What different buildings did you have on the farm? {NS} 595: Just a barn {NS} or a crib some call them barns and some cribs {NS} Interviewer: What would you keep in the crib? {NS} 595: corn Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: hay {NS} Interviewer: Where um {NS} in you know that upper part of the barn where you could keep hay you'd call that a 595: the hay loft {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about if you had too much hay to put up in the barn you could leave it outside in a? {NS} 595: uh now let me see I never did uh we would call that a haystack I reckon Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: uh {NS} I guess um a silo would be {NS} a {X} {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: but we never did {NS} I've never seen a silo. {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: Used to be one up here but it {X} I'd never seen one inside Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: but {NS} a crib or a barn {NS} is all we ever called it. {NW} Of course we had cribs and barns too I reckon {NS} but {NS} never a silo Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} When you first cut the hay and you dry it and you rake it up and {NS} in little piles what do you call those those little piles that {NS} you rake it up in? {NS} 595: I don't know about the {NS} about the piles after it's baled Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} well before you bale it what's #1 that called? # 595: #2 I don't know what # they call it {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about um 595: {NW} Yeah grass I reckon {NW} Interviewer: huh? 595: {NW} He said, "grass" I said, "yeah grass I Interviewer: #1 reckon" # 595: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {NS} um {NS} Did you ever have a special building for storing grain besides a silo did you ever hear {NS} any special place for grain? {NS} 595: #1 Well yes # Aux: #2 {NW} # 595: but I don't #1 they call them grain bins I reckon # Aux: #2 {NW} # {NW} 595: I've seen some but I {NW} really I don't know what they're called Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} #1 Did you ever hear of a granary or a grainery # Aux: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NS} # Aux: #2 {NW} # {NW} 595: mm-hmm uh-uh {NS} yeah {NS} I guess that's what you would call them then {NS} there's some down here {NS} below Fayette {NS} that they'd store their corn in. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: and had an opening right at the bottom {NS} so I guess that's that's what it is {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} #1 What does # 595: #2 I haven't seen # them but I don't know #1 it you know? # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # {NS} What different animals did you have on the farm? {NS} 595: little sheep cattle {NS} hogs goats {NS} horses {NS} Interviewer: Where where did you keep the horses? {NS} 595: In the stalls in the {NS} barn Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} What about um the cattle? {NS} 595: Well they just {NW} get under the sheds Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Get under the sheds and slept? 595: At the barns Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} Did you ever have a um {NS} Where would you turn them out to graze? {NS} 595: The pasture. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Did you ever have little fenced in places of pasture where you could leave one over night for milking? 595: mm-hmm {NS} I had to call that the catch pen. Interviewer: uh-huh 595: {NW} Call that the catch pen. {NS} Interviewer: #1 What about # 595: #2 or a lot # Interviewer: {NS} the or the 595: a lot {NS} Interviewer: Where was the lot? {NS} 595: Well it would be a little pen next to the if the barn had a fence around it {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: well it it would be a smaller place just big enough to hold one or two cows out #1 at night # Interviewer: #2 {NW} the # fenced in place #1 around the barn # 595: #2 mm-hmm # Interviewer: would be the lot? {NS} 595: uh-huh {NS} But it this would be a little a smaller {NS} pen just {NS} #1 a {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 595: uh-huh {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} What about 595: {NW} Interviewer: the hogs where were they kept? {NS} 595: Well they'd all always kept in a pig pen we called it Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} and um {NS} say if you were {NS} um {NS} raising {NS} tobacco and you didn't have a large area planted you'd say you wouldn't call it a field you'd just call it a {NS} 595: A patch I reckon. Interviewer: okay What sort of things did you grow in a patch? {NS} 595: well {NS} Aux: {NW} {NS} 595: just vegetables I reckon Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} any {NW} you talking about tobacco {NS} patch {NS} any {NS} 595: Hmm let's see now when {NS} truck patches {NS} Interviewer: What's a truck patch? 595: That well that's just what they called a little garden. {D:why} {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh 595: and um well it's {NS} They call that the truck patches I guess because uh what they raised in the truck patches they'd sell that. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Would they have a special name for the stuff they raised in the truck patches? {NS} 595: {D: mm-mm} {NS} just a vegetables Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} um {NS} What sort of fences did they used to have? {NS} 595: Well as far back as I can remember they called it hog wire. {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: they'd put that down at the bottom post {NS} and put barbed wire on top {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about um {NS} kind of wooden fence {NS} that you could have around your yard or your garden {NS} 595: That was the picket fence {NS} Interviewer: What's that? 595: Picket fences. {NS} Interviewer: How did how are they built? {NS} 595: Well they'd {NW} run from a {NS} board from one post to another and tack that {NS} nail that pickets to the boards. {NS} Interviewer: Were the {NS} pickets pointed up at the top? 595: uh-huh {NS} some were yeah Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: some {NS} Interviewer: They'd need more than {NS} say say if um if you're setting up a barbed wire fence you'd have to dig holes for the {NS} 595: a post {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about a {NS} a fence that would go like this? {NS} {X} 595: Now {NS} yeah I've seen them now what do they call those? {NS} I did {X} Interviewer: {D:she} {NS} 595: aw {NS} Interviewer: Did you ever hear of rail? {NS} 595: #1 mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 fence # or snake fence or {NS} 595: Now that could be what that is {NS} {X} {NS} I guess so if I used Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} you called it a {NS} 595: a radio piece I reckon Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} Did you ever see a fence or wall made out of loose stone or rock? {NS} 595: mm-hmm {NS} yeah {NS} Interviewer: What was that? {NS} 595: Uh I don't know unless it's a stone fence Interviewer: uh-huh 595: {D: that's what they're calling now} {NS} there's one out this way not very far from here but that's made of brick {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh 595: which is not stone {NS} Interviewer: and the place um {NS} a farm where they have a lot of milk {NS} cows sell the milk and butter you call that place a 595: dairy Interviewer: uh-huh Did you ever hear that word, "dairy" used to talk about anything besides this commercial farm? 595: huh-uh {NS} Interviewer: Where did y'all used to keep milk and butter before you had refrigerators? {NS} 595: In our safes Interviewer: mm-hmm What was a safe? {NS} 595: um well we put put the dishes on the top shelves {NW} Interviewer: uh-huh 595: and the milk and big old crocks on the bottom Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: on the bottom shelf {NS} Interviewer: Where did people used to keep potatoes or turnips during the winter? {NS} 595: in their cellars or pump the potatoes {NS} Interviewer: or pump? 595: mm-hmm Interviewer: What's that? 595: They'd dig a hole in the ground and put pine straw and dried broom's edge {NS} Interviewer: hmm 595: put the potatoes in that Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and uh {NS} put some more straw on it Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: Cover it up with dirt {NS} and turn an old tin {D: tub} down over the top of it Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 595: #2 to keep # the water from coming in it Interviewer: and you call that a 595: pump potato pump {NS} Interviewer: um {NS} 595: and I have heard of them {NS} using the same {NS} method to store turnips {NS} Interviewer: hmm 595: {NW} {NS} okay {NS} put {NS} Interviewer: What would you use to milk in? {NS} 595: Well we just had a regular old bucket Interviewer: mm-hmm What was the bucket made out of? {NS} 595: tin I reckon Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Did you ever see one made out of cedar? not for milking it but {NS} for carrying 595: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 the milk # 595: I've seen them {NS} cedar buckets and that oak {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What's the difference between a bucket and a pail? {NS} 595: I don't know they all be about the same thing Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: or I would classify them same thing {NW} Interviewer: Do people ever use the word pail around here? 595: mm-hmm once in a while {NS} but it's mostly bucket Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} What about the thing you could use to carry food out to the hogs in? {NS} 595: Slop buckets is all we ever called it. Interviewer: Okay {NS} and {NS} big thing that you'd have out um {NS} in the yard for {NS} heating up water to boil the clothes in {NS} 595: We called ours our black pot Interviewer: okay {NS} any other name for that? 595: a wash pot Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} and something you could have to heat up water to make hot tea and that has a spout to it and {NS} 595: Well yeah a teapot or tea kettle to heat the water in Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} do you ever use that word kettle to {NS} refer to this wash pot? {NS} 595: sometimes but not often Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} and um {NS} say if you cut some flowers and wanted to keep them in the house you could put them in a {NS} 595: in a vase or a some folks called them a vase Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} Who calls it a vase? {NS} 595: Well the proper people Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 595: #2 and I know # country do I'd call it a vase {NS} Interviewer: and say that you're setting the table for everyone to eat with you give everyone a {NS} #1 next to each # 595: #2 a # #1 oh # Interviewer: #2 plate # 595: the forks and spoons {NS} Interviewer: #1 and # 595: #2 or # place setting Interviewer: uh-huh well you have the give everyone a 595: plates and {NS} forks and spoon napkin Interviewer: and to cut their meat with 595: oh yeah and the knives sure Interviewer: huh? 595: a knife {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} um {NS} say you have {NS} give everyone one knife and {NS} one 595: fork {NS} and one spoon Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} and say if you serve steak or something and it wasn't very tender you might have to put out steak {NS} for people cut their meat with steak 595: steak knifes I don't {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} and if the dishes were dirty you'd say, "I have to go" {NS} 595: wash the dishes {NS} Interviewer: and the cloth or rag you use when you're washing them {NS} 595: we always called them the dish cloth {NS} Interviewer: okay What about when you're drying them? {NS} 595: We call them the drying towel Interviewer: What's that? 595: a drying towel Interviewer: uh-huh What about the {NS} piece of cloth around you use to bathe your face with? {NS} 595: wash cloth what we call them {NS} Interviewer: and to dry yourself with {NS} 595: towel {NS} Interviewer: and um {NS} Say I knew she washes the dishes then she what them in clear water {NS} 595: rinse {NS} Interviewer: okay after she washes them then she {NS} say say something after she washes the 595: oh well uh {NS} rinses Interviewer: okay {NS} and say if you were gonna pour something from a big container to something with a narrow mouth {NS} to keep it from spilling out you'd pour it through a {NS} 595: funnel Interviewer: okay {NS} and um {NS} some {NS} something that um maybe fifty pounds of lard would come in you'd call that a {NS} 595: well we'd call it a lard can {NW} Interviewer: what about um do people around here make molasses? {NS} 595: {NW} there's no mill around here that's close by that I know of {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: but {NS} I think there is one down here in Franklin County {NS} Interviewer: that they make 595: make syrup {NS} Interviewer: what's that? 595: they make syrup at that mill {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh What's the difference between syrup and {NS} molasses? {NS} 595: I don't know unless it's just the name I can't tell the difference in it Interviewer: uh-huh What what would you call it? {NS} 595: I'd call it syrup. Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} What about um {NS} did you ever hear the name long sweetening or {NS} short sweetening? {NS} 595: {D: huh-uh} I don't reckon {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh 595: I don't recall it {NW} Interviewer: What about black strap {NS} 595: molasses yes I've heard of heard it called black strap molasses yeah Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} Is there a difference in {NS} in the cane they use for black strap and {NS} or do they make black strap from {NS} 595: #1 I really don't know. # Interviewer: #2 cane # 595: {NS} uh well there is a difference but {NS} I don't uh know what the difference could be Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: What I would go by or what I go by is that {NS} different color of the cane Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: What they call the Louisiana cane that's has a purple-ish color to it and uh Interviewer: that's the {X} 595: uh-huh {NS} and uh that other {NS} they call that sorghum Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: and that's a green color {X} {NS} Interviewer: Well if you bought molasses what did it come in? {NS} 595: uh a bucket or a pail Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Did you ever hear of a stand of molasses? 595: mm-mm {NS} a {NS} stand? Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: {D: mm-mm} Interviewer: say it's a {NS} little container that {NS} 595: Oh we'd always call that a syrup pitcher Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} say um {NS} something that flour used to come in was a? {NS} 595: a barrel I guess {D: haven't heard them talk about none} a barrel of flour at the time {NS} Interviewer: What about the things that run around the barrel that hold the wood in place? {NS} 595: um let's see {NS} I don't remember now what they {NS} what they called that {NS} but the wooden pieces are called staves Interviewer: mm-hmm but the metal piece that holds {NS} the wood the staves 595: unless that would be a metal band then I don't know {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh What about hoofs or hoofs? 595: Yeah? What about that they could be called either one Interviewer: called {NS} 595: hooves Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} something smaller than a a barrel that nails used to come in 595: that's a keg Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Did you ever speak of a or hear {NS} of a um {NS} water barrel or water keg? {NS} 595: mm-hmm {NS} Interviewer: You know this did that have a little thing on it that you could turn and get the 595: #1 water? # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # {NS} What would you call that little thing? {NS} 595: faucet I reckon Interviewer: #1 {NS} # Interviewer: #2 what's that? # 595: faucet I reckon Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} what about something um out in the yard that you could {NS} hook your hose up {NS} to and turn and get the water out? 595: uh {X} {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} and {NS} and the kitchen sink what you could turn {NS} 595: um you know {NS} {NW} a tap isn't it? {NS} okay {NS} uh yeah the thing about {NS} that I just I turn the water on {NW} Interviewer: um {NS} 595: um {NS} {X} {NS} Interviewer: Did people around here raise cotton much? {NS} 595: Well some farmers does but {NS} not very {NS} they're few and far between Interviewer: uh-huh 595: now I've been to {X} and that's about all they do {X} cotton {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Are you familiar with cotton farming at all yourself? 595: {NW} a little bit {NS} Interviewer: You know when they get out there with the {NS} um {NS} hoe and they're going to thin the cotton out they call that {NS} What do they say you're going to 595: {NW} well now I did know {NS} scraping I believe I've heard it called scraping cotton Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} what about 595: thin it out I guess Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: cotton chop it Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} The kind of grass that grows up in your cotton field 595: oh well that's just all kinds Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} any {NS} special kind that comes to mind? {NS} 595: Well Johnson grass coco {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: crab grass {NS} Interviewer: #1 what about # 595: #2 Bermuda # Interviewer: huh? 595: Bermuda Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} When you're {NS} first going to rake the ground up um {NS} for planting you break it up with a 595: disk {NS} Interviewer: okay what else? 595: a tractor {NS} Well it'd be something that have {NS} Interviewer: #1 {X} # 595: #2 a plow # {NS} would it be a plow? Interviewer: uh-huh {NW} What different kinds of plows did they have? {NS} 595: Well I never did see but {NS} one kind and I'd have a {NS} turning plow and it's what they'd call it cultivated it's {NS} {X} work Aux: {X} {NS} 595: #1 wheat and {X} # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} What about something that has little teeth in it breaks up the ground finer than the plow does? {NS} 595: I don't know what that would be {X} {NS} there's some {NS} {D:hair} Interviewer: uh-huh are there different kinds of {X} {NS} 595: well I never did see but one {NS} and that was um {NS} {X} {NS} {D: had his and} I have heard them called section hairs Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: that's how the {X} that's about all {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} um {NS} When you're plowing then {NS} little trench thing that the plow cuts that's called the {NS} 595: the middle isn't it a furrow Interviewer: okay {NS} um {NS} 595: furrow {NS} when it's {NS} Interviewer: plow with two horses what do you call the one that walks in the front? {NS} 595: the lead one I guess I {NS} {NS} Interviewer: okay {NS} and um {NS} if you're draw any horses and want {NS} to go faster you {NS} can hit them with a 595: reins Interviewer: or it's is the reins what you have when you're driving the horse? 595: mm-hmm {NS} Interviewer: What about when you're riding on a horse? {NS} 595: well that would be the bridle {NS} reins {NS} Interviewer: okay {NS} and um {NS} what your feet are in is the {NS} 595: when you ride then you feet would be in the stirrups Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: that's {NS} Interviewer: just a second {NS} 595: think it's on {NS} Interviewer: try to just figure out {X} 595: alright Interviewer: if you don't mind {NS} um {NS} say if you have a horse hitched to a {NS} a buggy {NS} you the thing you could hit them with 595: a horse whip Interviewer: okay {NS} and {NS} if the {D:ramp} on the porch wasn't burning you might have to screw in a new 595: bulb Interviewer: okay {NS} and um if you carried the wash out to hang it on the line you could carry it out in a clothes 595: basket {NS} Interviewer: And say if you opened a bottle then wanted to close it back up so the liquid wouldn't spill out you could stick in a {NS} 595: cork Interviewer: okay {NS} say if you um {NS} went and bought some apples at the store the grocer would probably put them in a {NS} 595: bag {NS} Interviewer: made out of 595: paper a paper bag Interviewer: uh-huh what about something that um say fifty pounds of flour used to come in {NS} 595: a sack or a barrel Interviewer: #1 okay # 595: #2 half barrel # Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: I don't recall what that was {X} called Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} what about the kind of bag or sack that feed would come in? {NS} 595: we'd call those grass sacks Interviewer: mm-hmm any other name for that? {NS} 595: feed sack {NS} yeah {X} Interviewer: uh-huh 595: feed sacks Interviewer: what about croker sack or tow sack 595: {NW} #1 yeah # Interviewer: #2 {X} sack # 595: {NS} uh-huh {D:that} {NW} croker or gunny Interviewer: uh-huh is is that what you used to hear it called? 595: uh-huh {NS} sure have heard 'em called that Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} say if um 595: {NW} Interviewer: #1 the amount of corn that you could take to the mill to be ground # Aux: #2 {X} # 595: shh #1 shh # Interviewer: #2 the amount that you would take at one time # you could call that a 595: #1 usually a peck # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # Aux: #2 {X} # {NW} Interviewer: Do you ever hear any expression referring just to the the amount though? {NS} 595: {D: mm-mm} {NS} I don't think so {NS} Interviewer: what if you went out and got all of the wood you could carry in both your arms you'd say {NS} you had a 595: arm load Interviewer: okay {NS} did you ever hear a turns the turn point or turn of wood? {NS} 595: mm-mm I've heard of cords {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh 595: a cord of wood Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} what about um say a wagon that didn't have a full load you'd say he just had a {NS} 595: a half load Interviewer: okay {NS} and {NS} this is something that {NS} children who'd play with {X} would {NS} well a musical instrument you blow on 595: harmonica {NS} Interviewer: any other name for that? 595: harp Interviewer: uh-huh what about the one that goes {NS} like this? 595: that's a Jew's harp {NW} Interviewer: okay 595: {NW} {NS} Interviewer: and {NS} on the talking about the wheels of the wagon {NS} the thing that {NS} connects one wheel to the other is called the {NS} {NS} 595: axle isn't it? Interviewer: okay {NS} and {NS} starting with the inside of the wheel you'd have the hub Aux: {X} #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 and the spokes would come out and they'd fit into the # Aux: {NW} 595: #1 now I don't know what you # Aux: #2 {X} # 595: call that but I know what you're talking about Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} what different parts of the wheel are there? {NS} 595: just the spokes {NS} and the hub is all Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: the rim Interviewer: what's the rim made out of? {NS} 595: steel I guess Interviewer: uh-huh What about the wooden piece that the rim goes over? {NS} #1 you ever hear # 595: #2 I don't know what # what you call that Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} say a man had a load of wood he was {NS} driving along you'd say that he was {NS} 595: hauling wood Interviewer: okay {NS} and if you have a wagon and two horses did somebody {X}? 595: mm-mm I don't think so {NS] Interviewer: the long wooden piece between the horses {NS} 595: oh that's the wagon tongue Interviewer: okay what about with a buggy you have the {NS} 595: well now let me see I don't remember what they called that Interviewer: do you know the wooden pieces that come 595: uh-huh {NS} I don't remember now what they did call that {NS} Interviewer: {X} {NS} 595: I don't really remember Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} what about um {NS} the thing that the traces hook on to? {NS} the bar of wood {NS} 595: uh {NS} singletree Interviewer: okay and if you have two horses then you have a 595: doubletree {NS} Interviewer: and say that there was a log across the road you'd say I tied the chain to it and I what it out of the way? 595: pulled it out of the way Interviewer: or another word you could use besides pull you could say I {NS} 595: drug it out Interviewer: okay you say we have what many logs out of the road {NS} 595: pull would be about all I'd say {NW} Interviewer: or using that other word you could say we have {NS} 595: dragged them out Interviewer: okay and you have to tie a chain around the log if you want to {NS} what it out 595: drag it {NS} Interviewer: what's that? 595: drag it Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} something that um {NS} you could use for {NS} laying a log in if you wanted to chop the log you could use set it in an egg shaped frame you know take two boards and cross them like that set the log in that you did you ever see one of those? {NS} 595: I don't guess Interviewer: uh-huh 595: I don't recall Interviewer: What about something you could use for um {NS} you wanted to saw some {NS} boards {NS} something you could a wooden frame you could set the boards across on looks sort of like that Aux: {NW} 595: We'd call those saw horses Interviewer: okay {NS} and Aux: {NW} Interviewer: what you put in a pistol {NS} 595: a bullet cartridge Interviewer: okay {NS} and so you'd straighten your hair using a comb and a {NS} 595: brush Interviewer: and if you were going to use that you'd say you were going to {NS} 595: brush my wig Interviewer: huh? 595: brush my wig {NW} Interviewer: okay 595: {NW} Interviewer: and um {NS} something that you could use {NS} um if you were going to move bricks or something heavy like that it's got one wheel in front and 595: wheelbarrow Interviewer: okay {NS} and um the thing that runs from the stove up to the chimney {NS} 595: stove pipes {NS} Interviewer: What did you use to carry coal in? {NS} 595: We never did {NS} Interviewer: You never burned coal? 595: huh-uh {NS} Interviewer: um {NS} the thing that people drive nowadays you'd call that a 595: automobile {NS} Interviewer: #1 or a # 595: #2 car # Interviewer: huh? 595: car Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} and if something was squeaking to lubricate it you'd say you had to 595: {NS} oil it {NS} Interviewer: or {NS} if you put that hard stuff on 595: grease {NS} Interviewer: yeah you'd say you have to 595: grease it {NS} Interviewer: and yesterday he 595: greased it {NW} Interviewer: and if grease got all over your hands you'd say your hands were all {NS} 595: greasy {NS} Interviewer: and um {NS} inside the tire of a car you'd {NS} have the inner 595: tube {NS} Interviewer: and if a door was squeaking you could put a few drops of 595: oil on it {NS} Interviewer: and say someone had just built a boat and they were going to put it in the water for the {NS} first time you'd say they were going to? {NS} 595: now and then {NS} I would say put it afloat Interviewer: okay {NS} What different kinds of boats did people used to have around here? {NS} 595: well now motor boats would be about all Aux: {NW} Interviewer: What about wood #1 boats # 595: #2 {X} # Aux: {X} Interviewer: people used to have say if they were going to go fishing or something {NS} 595: well {NS} they just call them boats and motors {NS} Interviewer: okay {NS} did you ever hear of a a {D:bath tow} or a pea row? {NS} 595: {NW} {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} something that um {NS} you could sharpen {NS} a straight razor on a leather 595: strip or stripe Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} how did people use it what did they use to call that? {NS} 595: they'd hone their razor Interviewer: uh-huh 595: {NW} they had {NS} to do it {NS} Interviewer: what what about something that was used for sharpening a knife on? {NS} 595: Well now what do they call those things? {NS} a wet rock isn't it? Interviewer: mm-hmm and something bigger they can use for an ax maybe? {NS} {D:could} turn around {NS} big old thing 595: oh aw {NS} I know what that is {NS} an Emory wheel isn't it? Interviewer: well bigger than that {NS} is a {D:grind} {NS} did you ever hear of grind? {NS} 595: #1 huh-uh I don't reckon so # Interviewer: #2 grind stone or a {X} rock # 595: {NS} I don't guess so Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} something that um {NS} children {NS} will play on you take a board and {NS} 595: see-saw {NW} a see-saw Interviewer: uh-huh if you saw some children playing on that you'd say they were 595: see-sawing Interviewer: any old fashioned name for see-saw? {NS} 595: not that I know of Interviewer: mm-hmm What about something that'd spin around and around? {NS} 595: uh we'd always called that the merry go round Interviewer: any other name for that? 595: mm-mm {NS} Interviewer: and um {NS} even if you make it at home {NS} just taking a board and {NS} 595: that's that's all we ever called it they may have another name for it but I don't remember I don't know what it'd be Interviewer: yeah what about um {NS} Did you ever hear of taking a board and fixing it down on both ends and children would jump on it? {NS} 595: What is it Belinda? {NW} Aux: I heard of it 595: Whatcha call it? Aux 2: {X} Aux: no {X} 595: I don't know what it is though {NS} Aux: I know. Interviewer: Did you ever hear of {D:joclin} board or? Aux: #1 yeah # Interviewer: #2 anything # like that? 595: mm-mm {NS} Interviewer: What about um {NS} you say you tie a long rope to a tree limb and put a seat on it and make a 595: a swing {NS} Interviewer: and something that um people used to burn in lamps would be {NS} 595: coal oil {NS} {NW} {NS} Interviewer: any other name for that? {NS} 595: kerosene Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} did you ever hear of anybody um hear of anybody making a lamp using a rag and a bottle and some kerosene? {NS} 595: mm-hmm {NS} {NW} some some people would call them flares now that Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: then I guess they would use them for a light Interviewer: mm-hmm how would they make it? {NS} 595: I don't know I {NS} I've never seen Aux: {NW} 595: {X} I'd always think it would blow up Interviewer: {NW} 595: so {NS} I never have seen one like that Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} say if a child was just learning to dress himself the mother would bring him the clothes and tell him well now here's {NS} your clothes here {NS} 595: I tell him to just get dressed or try it {NW} Interviewer: or you hand him and the clothes and say 595: get dressed Interviewer: or here {NS} what your clothes here 595: here are your clothes {D: yeah} Interviewer: okay {NS} and say if a {NS} child was going to the dentist he was scared the dentist might tell him there's no need for you to be scared I {NS} what gonna hurt you 595: he wouldn't hurt Interviewer: huh? 595: he wouldn't hurt say I'm not going to hurt you Interviewer: okay and {NS} say if um If I asked you was that you I saw in town yesterday you'd say no it 595: wasn't me {NS} Interviewer: and if a woman wanted to buy a dress of a certain color she'd take along a little square cloth to use as a {NS} 595: sample I guess {NS} Interviewer: any something that you might wear over your dress in the kitchen 595: apron {NS} Interviewer: and to sign your name in ink you'd use a {NS} 595: pen {NS} Interviewer: and to hold a baby's diaper in place? {NS} 595: safety pin {NS} Interviewer: and a dime is worth? {NS} 595: ten cents Interviewer: and if it was real cold before you went outside you'd put on your 595: coat {NS} Interviewer: What would a man wear to church on Sunday? {NS} 595: a suit {NS} Interviewer: okay do you remember when they had a three piece suit? Aux: {NW} 595: uh-huh {NS} Interviewer: What would that be? 595: vest Interviewer: uh-huh 595: coat trousers and vest Interviewer: okay Any other name for trousers? {NS} 595: pants or slacks Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about something that a man might wear if he was working out around the barn? {NS} 595: {NS} there's rubber boots I reckon that's all {NW} Interviewer: well the thing that would come up {NS} 595: overalls Interviewer: okay {NS} say if you went outside without your coat {NS} 595: probably is too loud {NS} Interviewer: and {NS} it was getting cold and you wanted it you'd ask someone would you go inside and 595: get my coat Interviewer: or what it to me? 595: bring it to me Interviewer: and say you say so he went in and 595: got it Interviewer: and 595: brought it to me Interviewer: and say here I have {NS} what you your coat? 595: brought your coat {NS} Interviewer: and you say that coat won't fit this year, but last year it 595: did Interviewer: it what perfectly 595: fit {NS} Interviewer: and {NW} say {NS} a matching coat and pants would be called a 595: suit Interviewer: and if you had just bought it it would be a brand 595: new suit Interviewer: what's that? 595: brand new suit Interviewer: okay Aux: {NW} Interviewer: #1 and something # 595: #2 Woody # Woody Woody Woody Woody {NW} be quiet {NS} Interviewer: If you stuck a lot of things in your pockets it makes them {NS} makes them what out? 595: bulge {NW} Interviewer: and you say well that shirt used to fit me until I washed it and it 595: shrunk {NS} Interviewer: and seems like every shirt I washed recently has {NS} 595: shrunken {NS} Interviewer: but I hope this new shirt won't 595: shrink {NS} Interviewer: and {NS} if a woman likes to put on good clothes you'd say she likes to {NS} 595: dress up Interviewer: okay what if she liked would you say that about a man? {NS} he likes to dress up? {NS} 595: well I don't know {NS} Interviewer: does that sound funny to say that? {NS} 595: well not necessarily {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh 595: they could dress up sometimes I reckon Interviewer: uh-huh 595: {NW} Interviewer: What about a woman's likes to stand in front of a mirror and you know 595: preen and primp {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh Would you say that about a man? {NS} 595: I wouldn't think so Interviewer: uh-huh it sounds a little sissy 595: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 or something # {NS} What about something that a woman might wear around her wrist? {NS} 595: a watch or bracelet Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} and say if you have a lot of little things strung up together {NW} put around your neck as an ornament you'd call that a 595: necklace Interviewer: or a {NS} 595: pendant Interviewer: or if it was beads you'd call it a {NS} what of beads {NS} 595: string {NS} Interviewer: huh? 595: string of beads I reckon Interviewer: okay {NS} and something that men used to wear to hold up their pants {NS} 595: suspenders Interviewer: Any other name for that? {NS} 595: some call them galluses Interviewer: okay {NW} and {NS} Something you'd hold over you when it rains 595: an umbrella {NS} Interviewer: and something that um people used to carry their money in {NS} 595: wallet and billfold {NS} Interviewer: What about a long time ago? little leather thing {NS} that had a clasp on it {NS} 595: I don't know {NS} change would be change purse? Interviewer: okay {NS} and the last thing you put on a bed the real fancy cover {NS} 595: would be the spread or the coverlet {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about um {NS} what you {NS} put on the bed for warmth? {NS} 595: well a blanket {NW} quilts Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: Now I have made a few quilts {NW} Interviewer: Do you still make them? 595: {NW} Every now and then I will uh-huh {NS} have something to do Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} What about the thing you put your head on that's the 595: That's the pillow. Aux: Can I go outside just for a few minutes? 595: You can go out there and see the puppies for just about that long but now don't stay here #1 because it's cold out there # Aux: #2 {X} # {X} I already know everything you tell me {NS} Interviewer: Did you ever see anything um about {NS} twice as long as a pillow {NS} 595: mm-mm I don't reckon {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about um something {NS} say if you have a lot of company and you didn't have enough beds for the children you might make a? 595: pallet Interviewer: okay {NS} and {NS} If you raised a lot of corn, you'd say this year we raised a big? 595: crop {NW} Interviewer: What's that? 595: A big crop of corn Interviewer: uh-huh You'd say we expect a big crop from that field because the soil is very {NS} 595: We'd always call it rich soil. Interviewer: Or another word meaning rich you'd say the soil is very {NS} {NW} 595: well fertile Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} What different types of land do you have? {NS} 595: Now I wouldn't know about that. it's just {NS} poor soil and fertile soil Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 595: #2 is all I know # Interviewer: {NS} {NW} well the land along a stream or river that's overflowed and grow {X} you'd call that {NS} 595: I don't know Interviewer: mm-hmm Aux: {D: what all do I have to put on grandma?} 595: Well sugar you just can't go out there it's cold #1 you stay in here # Interviewer: #2 you want him to wear this # sweatshirt? {NS} 595: He can put Grandma's sweater on in there he wore it yesterday and then last night {NS} We just going to have to get on that momma about being careless about your clothes {NS} It was hot when she brought him down here and {NS} turned all cold and he hasn't been home since the day before yesterday {NS} he came in {D:there thinking} that you were here {NS} Interviewer: hmm {NS} that was Thursday then 595: mm-hmm {NS} Aux: Grandma {X} {NS} {NW} 595: Now don't stay out there long now {NS} Interviewer: Do you ever hear of low land or bond land or? {X} 595: uh-huh yeah {NS} {D:low line} {D:airiers} Interviewer: uh-huh 595: low line {D: airiers} pastures {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} What about uh a place that {NS} it's got water standing on it {NS} 595: We call those sloughs Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: I think Belinda has gone out there without a sleeve on too {NS} Interviewer: What about um What's a slough like now? {NS} 595: Well now don't think I'd know say how it's be a place low line place that would never dry up Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about a a place that's kind of wet that has trees growing in it? {NS} 595: That's a swamp Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} and um {NS} place that field that might be real good for grass, but not much else {NS} good for grazing cattle {NS} 595: Well now I don't know if I know what that's called or not {NS} Interviewer: Do you ever hear of a {D:mannow} or {NS} um {NS} 595: yeah {NS} a {D:mannow} {X} #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 What's a # 595: {NS} grazing area Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What different kinds of soil are there around here? {NS} 595: I don't know about that. {NS} Interviewer: well say that real sticky {NS} kind of soil {NS} 595: Yeah but I don't know what you'd call Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 595: #2 it # Interviewer: Did you ever hear of prairie or um gumbo or buckshot? {NS} 595: mm-hmm The buckshot now we have that down in the swamp Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: here {NS} Interviewer: What's buckshot like? 595: it's just old {NS} sticky mud Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and the more you walk on it, the taller you get {NW} It will stick to your shoes and or your feet and it just won't come off Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: You can't shake it off It would stick You walk along the farther you walk, the taller you get {NW} Interviewer: Is it um good for planting? {NS} 595: huh-uh {NS} Interviewer: What is good for planting? {NS} 595: Oh I really don't know. {NS} Fertile soil would be about all I know to call it. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} say if you had some land that was a little swampy to get the water off you'd say you had to? {NS} 595: Drain it. Interviewer: Okay. And the things that you'd dig {NS} to drain that water off {NS} 595: Well we'd call them ditches. Interviewer: okay {NS} and say if there had been a heavy rain {NS} fall and the water had cut out a little? {NS} 595: trench Interviewer: okay {NS} is that what you'd call it? A trench? 595: uh-huh {NS} Interviewer: What about um something along the edge of the road to carry the water off? {NS} 595: That's the road ditches. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} say if if the rain had washed out a big area real wide and deep {NS} big enough for you to get down in there just {NS} just a 595: Well now I don't know that I know what you would call that. well we'd just say it washed out a big hole Interviewer: mm-hmm I was thinking something like gully or ravine or {NS} 595: Yeah a gully Interviewer: mm-hmm #1 What's a gully? # 595: #2 {NW} # {NS} It's just a big wash out Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} um {NS} Something say if you had some water flowing along you'd call that a? {NS} 595: stream Interviewer: okay what about something um {NS} pretty big that would be a? {NS} 595: Well we call those creeks. Interviewer: mm-hmm What about something smaller than a creek? {NS} 595: a {D:branch} Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: that's what we call them here. {NS} Interviewer: Anything smaller than a branch? {NS} 595: mm-mm I don't {D:reckon you} just a ditch I reckon Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 595: #2 is # Is what we'd call them. {NS} Interviewer: What about um bigger than a creek that'd be a? 595: Be the river wouldn't it? Interviewer: mm-hmm Say if you had a string of water that was flowing along and suddenly {NS} dropped {NS} fell for several feet 595: a waterfall Interviewer: okay {NS} and a place where {NS} boats stop and {D:breaks} unload it that'd be a? {NS} 595: A dock or a pier {NS} Interviewer: What's the difference? {NS} 595: I don't know. {NW} I don't know. unless they have put ramps out in the water Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} um {NS} What are some of the streams or rivers in this area? {NS} 595: Well what do you mean, the names? Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: What they call some one there's one between here and Natchez now they call they call it Cold's Creek Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and it forks and they got {NS} the North fork and the South fork Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: Let me see is that the South fork? {NS} I think so, but I'm not sure I don't pay it no mind #1 no more # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # {NS} What else besides Cold's Creek? {NS} 595: Well there's a Dabs Creek down near Rodney {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: {NS} and a little bigger stream {NS} up in Port Gibson they call that by a pier it's {NS} Aux: {X} 595: mm-hmm {NS} Interviewer: They call it what? 595: #1 Big {D:pa} pier and little {D:pa} pier # Aux: #2 Big {D:pa} pier and little {D:pa} pier # Interviewer: {NS} little 595: by pier bayou Interviewer: What's a bayou? {NS} 595: Well it's a little it's a {D:string} of water just a little bit bigger than a creek but it's not river size Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: I guess you could call it a pretty good sized creek Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: but outside of that {NS} Interviewer: What river do these {NS} streams flow into? 595: Mississippi {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} all all of them around here 595: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 go to # the Mississippi? 595: yeah {NS} Interviewer: And a small rise in land would be called a? {NS} When the land goes up {NS} be a little 595: uh dune wouldn't it? {NS} Interviewer: anything else? {NS} 595: a hill is all I know Interviewer: uh-huh what's the difference between a dune and a hill? 595: I don't know {NS} Interviewer: Did do people use the word dune around here? 595: uh-uh not much Interviewer: uh-huh 595: seldom ever hear it {NS} Interviewer: What about um {NS} To open the door you'd take hold of the door 595: knob {NS} Interviewer: Do you ever use that word knob talking about land? {NS} 595: huh-uh {NS} Interviewer: #1 What about um # 595: #2 {X} # Interviewer: {NS} something a lot bigger than a hill that'd be a? {NS} 595: a mountain {NS} would that be what it is? {NS} Interviewer: and uh rock you saw in a mountain that drops off real sharp {NS} 595: I don't know {NS} Interviewer: Well say somebody jumped over the {NS} jumped off the {NS} Like it comes out and sort of hangs over 595: oh {NW} a ledge I reckon is what that would be Interviewer: #1 okay # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: What about um {NS} say um on television there's gun fighters for every man they kill they'd cut a little {NS} 595: notch in your gun Interviewer: okay {NS} What different types of um {NS} roads do you have around here? {NS} 595: Well black top and gravel {NS} Interviewer: What's the black top made out of? 595: tar Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and what else is it? shell I reckon slag {NS} slag I think is what it is Interviewer: mm-hmm What about the kind of white hard paved road? that'd be a? {NS} 595: concrete wouldn't it? Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: I really don't know I guess that's what it would be concrete Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} And a little road that goes off the main road would be a? {NS} 595: That would be the gravel road I reckon. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What if it don't even have gravel on it? it'd be a? 595: Be a dirt road Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} say um the road that turns off the public road and goes up to a man's {NS} um {NS} house {NS} that's be his? 595: private driveway Interviewer: okay {NS} and a road that has a {NS} trees or a fence on both sides of it {NS} 595: Wouldn't they call that a lane? Interviewer: okay {NS} What about um {NS} something along the side of the street for people to walk on? 595: sidewalk {NS} Interviewer: and the strip of grass between the sidewalk and the street {NS} Do you ever hear a name for that? 595: mm well {NW} we always called it the median Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: is that what it is? Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Did you ever hear of #1 another # 595: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: name for sidewalk? {NS} 595: mm-mm I don't reckon so Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} say um {NS} If you went up to someone's house and knocked on the door and no one answered you'd say well I guess he's not 595: here or home Interviewer: huh? 595: not home Interviewer: uh-huh 595: or would be out Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} and you'd say someone was walking your direction you'd say he's coming straight {NS} 595: toward me {NS} Interviewer: and if you went into town and happened to see a friend of yours that you hadn't {NS} counted on seeing you'd say this morning I just happened to run {NS} 595: into so-and-so Interviewer: okay {NS} and if a child is given the same name that her mother has you'd say they named the child {NS} 595: I don't know what that would be that Interviewer: what her mother? they named her {NS} 595: I don't know what you'd call that. {NS} Interviewer: well say if um {NS} if you were given the same name that {NS} you know your {NS} your mother's sister had you'd say that you were named {NS} 595: after so-and-so Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} and if you were walking along {NS} and an animal jumped out and scared you you'd say I picked up a {NS} what? 595: a rock Interviewer: and I 595: threw it {NS} Interviewer: any other thing you'd say besides I threw it? {NS} 595: I don't believe I would {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: I'd say I threw it at him #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Do you ever hear of # chunked or flung it at him? 595: oh yeah {NS} chunked {NW} Interviewer: uh-huh {NW} 595: That wouldn't sound right I guess it would be though {NS} Interviewer: would would you ever use the work chunked? 595: I might would {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} what about um {NS} something that people drink for breakfast {NS} 595: coffee {NS} Interviewer: okay {NS} and if you wanted some coffee but there weren't any ready you'd say I guess I have to go 595: and make some {NS} Interviewer: and tell me about putting milk in your coffee you'd say some people like it {NS} 595: cream and some don't Interviewer: or some people like talking about milk you'd say some people like their coffee {NS} 595: straight {NS} Interviewer: okay what's straight coffee? 595: just {NS} no sides {NS} of cream and sugar Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} just {D:no} {NS} 595: no cream and sugar Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} any other name for straight coffee? {NS} 595: Uh I I don't know {NS} Interviewer: Did you ever hear of 595: #1 black # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 595: #1 black coffee # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # What about barefooted? Drinking coffee barefooted? Did you ever hear that? 595: huh-uh {NS} I sure haven't Interviewer: uh-huh 595: {NW} That's a new one {NS} Interviewer: say if if you like um {NS} you say {NS} some people eat corn flakes dry, but most people like them {NS} 595: With cream and sugar Interviewer: or talking about milk you'd say most people like them Aux: with milk Interviewer: if you don't use if you just have milk you'd say most people like them {NS} 595: straight {NS} Well I don't know just a which way you want that? Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} Most people like them what milk? 595: sweetened {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} or if you put milk in them you say you eat them {NS} with Aux: milk 595: hmm? {NW} I don't know what you're trying to get me to say now. Aux: I do {NS} Interviewer: say if {NS} if you like milk in your hot tea you'd say you drink your tea {NS} how? {NS} 595: With cream Interviewer: okay {NS} and um {NS} you might tell someone now you can eat what's put before you or you can do 595: without {NS} Interviewer: and something that people um {NS} you say this morning I what breakfast at seven o'clock 595: I ate {NS} Interviewer: okay and yesterday at that time I had already 595: eaten {NS} Interviewer: and tomorrow I will 595: eat {NS} Interviewer: and {NS} say if you were real thirsty you might go to the sink and pour yourself a {NS} 595: glass of water or a drink Interviewer: okay and you'd say the glass fell off the sink and 595: broke Interviewer: so somebody has {NS} 595: broken the glass Interviewer: okay but I didn't mean to 595: break it {NS} Interviewer: and um {NS} If you were real thirsty you might say I what two glasses? 595: drank {NS} Interviewer: and you'd ask me, how much have you? 595: drunk {NS} Interviewer: and you'd say we certainly do {NS} 595: drink Interviewer: okay {NS} and um 595: shh Interviewer: something that people eat for breakfast made out of um {NS} corn {NS} ground up {NS} 595: pancakes? {NS} Interviewer: Well something that's white {NS} they eat along with eggs or {NS} 595: bread {NS} Interviewer: okay what else do you have? 595: biscuit Interviewer: uh-huh 595: I make my biscuits {NW} and we have bread white? {NS} Interviewer: Well it's made out of ground up corn it's ground {NS} real fine 595: oh grits Interviewer: uh-huh 595: Is that what? {NS} Interviewer: #1 yeah that's what I was thinking of. # 595: #2 {D:you were talking about?} # Interviewer: {NS} 595: {NW} Interviewer: What about something else made out of corn? {NS} it's {NS} bleached um {NS} you soak it in lye water {NS} 595: hominy {NS} Interviewer: okay 595: Is that what you want? {NW} Interviewer: and something that um {NS} white is you don't eat it for breakfast, but it's white, it's made from a grain, and it grows down the delta or in wet places. {NS} 595: rice Interviewer: okay {NS} and {NS} talking about distance you'd say well I don't know exactly how far it is, but it's just a {NS} 595: maybe short way or a short distance Interviewer: okay and if you've been traveling and still have about five hundred miles to go you'd say you still had a {NS} 595: a long way to go {NS} Interviewer: and if something was real common and you didn't have to look for it in a special place {NS} you'd say, "oh you can find that just about" 595: anywhere {NS} Interviewer: and if someone slipped and fell this way you'd say he fell over 595: backward {NS} Interviewer: and this way would be {NW} {NS} Interviewer: {NS} say if {NS} you had been fishing and I asked you if you had caught any fish you might say no {NS} 595: I didn't catch any. Interviewer: Or no what a one {NW} no {NS} 595: not a one Interviewer: uh-huh Would you ever say nary a one? 595: mm-mm {NS} no I wouldn't think so Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} who Did you ever hear that? 595: uh-huh I sure have Interviewer: How would people say that? 595: nar {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh 595: they would call it nar or not nary a one Interviewer: uh-huh who would say that? old people or? {NS} 595: Well mostly I imagine {NS} Interviewer: um {NS} say {NS} if you got rid of all of the brush and trees on your land you'd say you do what to the land? 595: cleared it Interviewer: okay {NS} and When you cut the hay off of a piece of land and it comes up then again the same year enough so you can cut it again you'd call that the 595: Second crop Interviewer: okay {NS} um {NS} and a crop that hadn't been planted but comes up anyway would be a? {NS} 595: That would be a {D:metal} wouldn't it? {NS} Interviewer: #1 a what? # 595: #2 Don't they call it # a metal? {NS} Interviewer: for the hay you mean? 595: mm-hmm Interviewer: What about just any crop that hadn't been planted but comes up {NS} #1 it it # 595: #2 volunteer # Interviewer: okay What sort of things are volunteer? {NS} 595: Well there's several things I suppose and {NS} some flowers and {NS} different trees and {NS} acorns drop from the oak and they come up volunteer Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: oaks and this old elm tree here is a good thing to reproduce Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: it it's a lot of them and {NS} Interviewer: talking about um flowers if you if you have some flowers growing in your yard you want them to {NS} brighten up your room you'd go out and {NS} 595: cut some {NS} Interviewer: or if 595: or {NS} Interviewer: you didn't actually have a knife to cut them you just say #1 you'd # 595: #2 break them # Interviewer: okay {NS} uh {NS} and tell me about how much wheat you raised to an acre you might say we raised forty {NS} 595: bushels Interviewer: okay and {NS} you'd say {D: fotter} is tied up into a {NS} 595: bundle {NS} Interviewer: and then then the bundles are piled up into a {NS} 595: {X} {NS} well now {NS} I don't know what they'd call that {NS} Interviewer: What about wheat? bundles of wheat are piled up into a {NS} 595: I don't recall what that would be called {NS} Interviewer: What do you have to do with those to separate the grains from the rest of it? {NS} 595: I don't know what you'd call that. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} say um if there was something that you'd {NS} if there was something that you had to do today just the two of us you might say we'll have to do it or you might turn to me and say {NS} You say you and I or me and you or {NS} 595: could do it together or Interviewer: uh-huh how how would you say that? you'd say {NS} 595: We could do it together I reckon Interviewer: yeah well instead of saying we you'd say {NS} would you say me and you or you and I? 595: you and I would probably be the {NS} right way Interviewer: Well what what would you probably say though? {NS} 595: well being me I'd say me and you Interviewer: okay 595: {NW} Interviewer: #1 What if you're talking about # 595: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {X} {NS} you'd say? {NS} 595: I believe I'd say he and I Interviewer: okay Aux: {NW} Interviewer: and 595: {X} {NS} {NW} Interviewer: You'd say well he doesn't want just you or just me for that job he wants {NS} 595: I'd say both of us {NS} Interviewer: and if you knock at the door and they ask um {NS} who's there they recognize your voice you might say it's {NS} 595: me {NS} Interviewer: okay and if it was a man you'd say it's {NS} 595: him {NS} Interviewer: and if it's a woman {NS} 595: she {NS} Interviewer: and if it's two people {NS} you'd say it's 595: them I imagine {NS} Interviewer: and talking about how tall you are {NS} he's not as tall {NS} 595: as me Interviewer: okay or I'm not as tall 595: as he {NS} Interviewer: and um {NS} he can do that better {NS} 595: than I {NS} Interviewer: and {NS} say if something belongs to me then you'd say it's {NS} 595: mine Interviewer: #1 or # 595: #2 {NW} # {NW} Interviewer: it belongs to me you'd say 595: yours {NS} Interviewer: and if it belongs to both of us it's 595: ours {NS} Interviewer: and it belongs to them {NS} 595: theirs Interviewer: and to him? {NS} 595: his Interviewer: and to her? {NS} 595: hers Interviewer: Did you ever hear of his'n or her'n 595: uh-huh {NS} his and that's his'n {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} Would you ever say that #1 to anyone? # 595: #2 huh-uh # I don't think I would Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} um {NS} say if {NS} a group of people had come to visit you and they were fixing to leave you'd say well I hope {NS} what come back {NS} 595: I hope you'll come back. {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh Would you say you if you were talking to a whole group? {NS} 595: I'd say you all that's the {NS} Interviewer: {X} 595: the southern {NW} {D:it's wrong to say} Interviewer: uh-huh would say I hope you all 595: you you would all come back Interviewer: okay Aux: {D: You need to not just lay up in the bed but I'm still cold in there} 595: Why sure the whole house is cold {NW} Interviewer: um {NS} say if there was a group at your house and they were fixing to leave and you were asking them about their coats {NS} all of their coats you know you'd say well where are {NS} 595: {NW} Would it be in each individual or all of them together? Interviewer: all of them together you'd say? 595: I'd say well ask them where were their coats? Interviewer: uh-huh well would you How would you say that to them? You'd say where are 595: Where are your coats? Interviewer: uh-huh Do you ever say you alls coats or? 595: uh-uh {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} say if um {NS} there was a group of children that {NS} um obviously belonged to more than one family you'd ask about them while {NS} Would you ever say who alls children are they? {NS} 595: I imagine I would {NW} Interviewer: How would you say that? {NS} 595: I'd I'd just probably say who alls children are here or Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} say if there's been a {NS} there had been a party that you hadn't been able to go to and You asked me about the people who had gone you'd say well {NS} 595: Well now how would you mean that? Interviewer: You'd say well was at the party you'd ask well {NS} 595: ask who all was at the party or? Interviewer: okay {NS} and if you were asking about all of the speakers remarks you know everything you said you might say well {NS} 595: Well how would you mean? {NW} criticism or? {NW} Interviewer: Well if you hadn't been able to hear the speech {NS} You wanted to know the contents you'd say well {NS} 595: I'd just ask what was it about. Interviewer: uh-huh Would you ever say what all did he say? {NS} 595: I might would {NS} might would ask {NS} what he said {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh Would you ever say what {NS} what all did he say? 595: oh I'd just I ask what did he say? Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} and you say 595: {NW} Interviewer: If no one else will look out for me you'd say they've got to look out for 595: themselves Interviewer: and if no one else will do it for them you say he better do it {NS} 595: himself {NS} Interviewer: and um {NS} something that's made out of flour {NS} baking a loaf would be? 595: bread Interviewer: okay What different kinds of bread are there? {NS} 595: Well I'd say cornbread and light bread Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What do you put in light bread to make it rise? {NS} 595: yeast Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} um {NS} What other kinds of bread is made out of flour are there? {NS} 595: Well I wouldn't {NS} Well maybe the light bread would be all I know maybe a biscuit make biscuit with flour Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} you say there's there's two kinds of bread there's homemade bread and then there's {NS} the kind you buy 595: the loaf bread Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} #1 or the kind you buy at # 595: #2 the light bread # Interviewer: the {X} {NS} What you buy at the store you call that 595: light bread Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} What different um {NS} kinds of things are made out of cornmeal? {NS} 595: Well bread as far as I know would be {NW} the cornbread Aux: {X} 595: you are? alright {NS} cornbread would be all about all I would know to know to make myself corn meal Interviewer: mm-hmm What about something that um {NS} you can make to {NS} eat with fish {NS} 595: hush puppies Interviewer: okay 595: That is {NS} What we do {NW} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NW} anything else like that? {NS} 595: huh-uh {NS} Interviewer: What about something thats um {NS} Aux: {X} Interviewer: made out of cornmeal and salted water? {NS} you eat it with a spoon {NS} 595: Would that be gruel? Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Do you ever hear of mush or kush {NS} 595: mush {NS} seem to me like I do remember {NS} corn meal mush is what they call it isn't it? Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} seemed to me like I did remember Aux: {X} 595: people talking about corn meal mush Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: but I've never tried it {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Did you ever hear of a corn dodger? {NS} 595: mm-hmm yes {NS} Interviewer: #1 What's that? # 595: #2 {NW} # just cornbread Interviewer: uh-huh they call it a? {NS} 595: corn dodger it's just slang word for corn bread I reckon {NS} Interviewer: okay {NS} 595: Well Barbra I reckon we're going to have to stop and let me fix Interviewer: sure 595: oh let me fix him a bite of {NS} lunch Interviewer: okay {NS} um {NS} something that is round and it's got a hole in the center and you fry it in deep fat {NS} 595: That would be the fryer deep fat fryer {NS} Interviewer: Well we're talking about kinds of bread things this is something that's round and has a hole in the center 595: oh well {NS} cake pan wouldn't it be? Interviewer: well not I mean the thing itself that you eat {NS} it's sort of a {NS} a pastry or {NS} type of bread {NS} 595: I don't know Interviewer: It's sweet and it's it's round like this {NS} about this size and it has a hole in the 595: oh donuts! Interviewer: uh-huh are there different kinds of donuts? {NS} 595: Well there'd there's some plain and some glazed with {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: the sugar {NS} Interviewer: What about um something that {NS} you make up a {NS} a batter and fry three or four of these at one time {NS} 595: those are waffles {NS} Interviewer: Is how do you make those? 595: I've never made any {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh what about something that you make um you just pour the batter in the frying pan or skillet 595: pancakes? Interviewer: okay any other name for that? {NS} 595: We call them flapjacks Interviewer: okay 595: {NW} flapjacks {NS} Interviewer: and talking about how much um {NS} flour might be in a sack you'd say a sack might contain {NS} ten {NS} 595: and twenty-five pounds Interviewer: okay {NS} and the inside part of the egg is called the {NS} 595: the yolk and the whites Interviewer: okay what color is the yolk? 595: yellow {NS} Interviewer: and if you cook them in hot water you call them? 595: boiled Interviewer: boiled 595: boiled eggs Interviewer: uh-huh What if you cracked them and let them fall out of the shells in the hot water? {NS} 595: I don't know I never {NS} never called them anything Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: just {NW} broken Interviewer: yeah {NS} um did you ever see a hog butchered? {NS} 595: mm-hmm yes Interviewer: how would you do that? {NS} 595: well you kill him and {NS} stab him Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: so he'll bleed {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and uh {NS} scald and scrape him Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} did what {NS} What are the parts of the meat that you eat? {NS} 595: Well hams {NS} and {NS} part of it you if you want to make sausage Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: with it {NS} the ham and the shoulders and the {NS} pork sides Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: that's where the bacon comes from Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} did you ever have call that middling a {NS} 595: uh-huh yes middling Interviewer: uh-huh Do you call that a side of bacon or a middling of bacon or? {NS} 595: Well we always called it a side of bacon Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: and when it's fresh you know not cured {NW} they called it middling Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about 595: {NW} Interviewer: the outside of the bacon {NS} 595: The rind Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: we call it the rind Interviewer: and the kind of meat that you buy already sliced thin to cook with eggs {NS} 595: that's the bacon Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about the {NS} fat on {NS} salt pork you could oil with grease {NS} 595: Well we {NS} I call that my cooking meat Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: but uh {NS} it's {NS} we always called it pork fat Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Do you ever hear of um sowbelly or white meat or? {NS} 595: uh-huh {NS} sowbelly and {NS} we'd call it sowbelly too Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 595: #2 to # cook with {NS} Interviewer: any {NS} anything else besides sowbelly? {NS} 595: uh we mostly call it salt meat Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about um something that you could make from the {NS} um {NS} What what are the inside parts that you eat? {NS} 595: You call that the chitlins Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: {NW} and I can eat a bushel {NW} You ever try any? Interviewer: huh-uh 595: They're good if you get them seasoned right. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: I love the things {NS} Interviewer: What about other inside parts besides the chitlins? {NS} 595: Well the liver {NS} and the lungs but we call the lungs the lights Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: and we will eat those once in a while Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: but I love the liver. {NS} Interviewer: do you ever um {NS} heard of um {NS} something like made by cooking and grinding up the liver {NS} Do you ever make anything that way? 595: {NW} no {NS} sure haven't {NS} Interviewer: and {NS} someone who um kills and sells meat would be called a {NS} 595: slaughter {NS} Interviewer: or that person would be called a? 595: a butcher {NS} Interviewer: and if meat has been kept too long you say that the meat is {NS} 595: Well now we have different names for that. {NW} it's either ruined or stale or {NS} not fit to eat Interviewer: or is it's already {NS} 595: ruined Interviewer: okay 595: {X} ruined {NS} Interviewer: um {NS} Well so what would you say about a child that always gets his way? {NS} 595: We call them brats. Interviewer: or say that he's {NS} what? 595: unruly {NW} Interviewer: What about spoiled? 595: he's spoiled Interviewer: uh-huh 595: a spoiled brat is all he could be Interviewer: okay {NS} do you ever hear of um {NS} something called scrapple or pannhaas or {NS} something made from a {NS} hog meat {NS} 595: no {NS} now we use the head {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: of the hog and um make souse Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: from that {NS} Interviewer: Did you ever hear of anything made out of the blood? {NS} 595: huh-uh {NS} sure haven't {NS} Interviewer: say if you had some butter and that was kept a long and it didn't taste right. you'd say that the butter was? {NS} 595: I'd say it was rancid. Interviewer: okay what and thick um milk you call that? 595: clabber {NS} Interviewer: What can you make from that? {NS} 595: Well now some kind of cheese Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: I think {NS} cottage cheese I think it is Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} what's the first thing you have to do after milking? {NS} 595: Well you strain it first {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: and then put it away {NW} in the country {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: we let the cream rise {NS} we'd strain it, then put it away and let the cream rise {NS} skim the cream from it {NS} churn the cream Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: and drink the milk Interviewer: {NW} {NS} um {NS} this is something kind of like a a fruit pie only it's got several layers of fruit and dough in it. {NS} maybe if it's made out of apples you have a layer of dough then a layer of apples then and some more dough and some more apples {NS} 595: Would that be a cobbler? Interviewer: okay {NS} um {NS} and say you might take milk or cream and mix that with sugar and nutmeg and pour it over pie or make a sweet liquid to pour over pudding or pie you'd call that a? 595: Would that be a sauce? Interviewer: okay {NS} and if someone has a good appetite you'd say he sure likes to put away his {NS} 595: food Interviewer: #1 okay # 595: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Did you ever hear of vittles? {NS} 595: yes {NS} that's the slang for food {NW} vittles Interviewer: uh-huh would you say that yourself? {NS} 595: I wouldn't huh-uh {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} and food taken between regular meals you'd call that? 595: a snack I guess {NS} Interviewer: and Say if dinner was on the table {NS} and the family was standing around waiting to begin you'd tell them, just go ahead and 595: be seated {NS} Interviewer: or go ahead and what down? {NS} 595: sit down Interviewer: and you say, so then he went ahead and {NS} 595: helped his plate Interviewer: #1 or {X} # 595: #2 or that # Interviewer: what down? {NS} 595: hmm? Interviewer: that he was standing up and then he? {NS} 595: would sit down Interviewer: okay and you say no one else was standing because they had all 595: been seated Interviewer: or they'd all what down 595: sit sat down Interviewer: okay and if you want someone not to wait until the food is passed over to them you tell them, just go ahead and 595: help themselves {NS} Interviewer: and {NS} say I asked him to pass them over to me since he had already {NS} 595: Well I would say served himself Interviewer: or since he had already 595: helped his plate Interviewer: okay {NS} and if something someone offers you some food you don't want you'd say? 595: #1 no thanks # Interviewer: #2 no thanks # I don't {NS} 595: wouldn't care for any {NS} Interviewer: and food that's been cooked and served a second time you say that it's been? {NS} 595: reheated Interviewer: okay Did you ever hear of warmed up or had over? {NS} 595: uh-huh had-over Interviewer: uh-huh 595: I've heard that a many a time Interviewer: Would you say that #1 yourself? # 595: #2 no # I wouldn't {NS} Interviewer: you'd say 595: I'd say warmed over or reheated Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} and you put food in your mouth and then you begin to 595: chew {NS} Interviewer: and you'd say, he couldn't eat that piece of meat because it got stuck in his throat and he couldn't 595: swallow {NS} Interviewer: he said he could chew it, but he couldn't {NS} what 595: Couldn't swallow? {NS} Interviewer: okay {NS} um {NS} and um {NS} {NW} whiskey that's made out in the woods {NS} illegally you'd call that? 595: that would be moonshine {NW} Interviewer: any other name for that? {NS} 595: let's see now {NS} That's all I can think of. {NS} moonshine {NS} or it has been called briar patch Interviewer: briar patch? 595: uh-huh {NS} briar patch Interviewer: What about beer that people make at home? 595: {NW} home brew that's home brew {NS} Interviewer: and if someone was cooking and made a good impression on your nostrils you'd tell someone just {NS} that 595: just smell that Interviewer: okay {NS} and you might tell someone this isn't imitation maple syrup this is {NS} gen- {NS} 595: would be genuine Interviewer: okay and when sugar wasn't sold in a package but when it was weighed out of a barrel you'd say it was sold 595: loose Interviewer: okay. Any other expression for that? {NS} 595: not that I know of huh-uh Interviewer: Did you ever hear of in bulk or in bulk? 595: oh yeah {NS} bulk Interviewer: uh-huh did that mean the same thing as loose? {NS} 595: I would think so. {NS} Interviewer: okay {NS} and a sweet spread that you would put on toast or biscuits in the morning 595: in the what? Interviewer: that you could put on toast or biscuits {NS} that'd be jam or 595: or jelly Interviewer: and something you have on your table to season your food with? {NS} 595: the salt and pepper Interviewer: and say if there was a bowl of apples and a child wanted one he'd tell {NS} 595: Well he'd say I want, I want one or can I have one? Interviewer: can or can I have? what? 595: an apple Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} and {NS} You say it wasn't these boys that did that it must have been one of {NS} 595: one of those or one of the other Interviewer: okay and you say he doesn't live here, he lives 595: over there or lot of times we'd say over yonder Interviewer: okay {NS} and {NS} if you have a lot of peach trees you'd say you have a peach 595: orchard Interviewer: and you might have somebody that's his the orchard and you say no I'm just a neighbor and you'd point to someone else and say he's the man 595: that owns it Interviewer: okay and you say when I was a child my father was poor but next door was a child {NS} 595: well I believe I would say he would be better off than I am Interviewer: but talking about his father you'd say When I was a child, my father was poor but next door was a child 595: that was rich Interviewer: okay {NS} and {NS} something that um {NS} people 595: {NW} Interviewer: people um {NS} smoke made out of tobacco would be? 595: cigarettes and cigars Interviewer: okay {NS} and um {NS} say if someone had a {NS} a really um say if you were eating some soup and it was really hot you'd say that soup's so hot it's all I can do to {NS} 595: {NW} Interviewer: It's all I can do to what? 595: to swallow it Interviewer: okay 595: {NW} Interviewer: and if someone asked you if you were able to do something you'd say well sure I {NS} do it sure I 595: can or will Interviewer: okay When they ask if you can do it you say, sure I {NS} 595: sure I can Interviewer: uh-huh or if you're not able to you'd say well I'd like to but I just 595: I'm just not able or I can't Interviewer: okay {NS} and if you just refuse to like they say will you do that and you say, no I 595: No I won't. Interviewer: okay {NS} and um {NS} say there was a really bad accident up the road there wasn't any need to call the doctor because by the time you got there the person was {NS} 595: Well probably dead or {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh 595: had been picked up Interviewer: Would you say he was done dead or already dead? {NS} 595: I believe I'd say he was already dead. Interviewer: uh-huh 595: or had died Interviewer: uh-huh You would never say done dead? 595: hmm-mm No I wouldn't. Interviewer: and you might tell someone um {NS} You're not doing what you {NS} 595: should Interviewer: or what you what to do? 595: could do Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} say if um {NS} If a boy got a whipping you'd say I bet he did something he 595: shouldn't have Interviewer: okay or say that another way uh you'd say I bet he did something he 595: had no business maybe Interviewer: uh-huh and you say {NS} you say if you think um {NS} the corn is a little short this year you'd say {NS} at this time of year it what {NS} to be taller it {NS} 595: Well it maybe it should be taller or {NS} Interviewer: or it what to be taller? {NS} you say it belongs to be taller or it ought to be taller or? {NS} 595: I would think it would shouldn't it should've been taller Interviewer: uh-huh well would you say it ought to be taller? or if you didn't use the word should {NS} 595: I probably would uh-huh {NS} Interviewer: How's that? 595: Well I'd probably say it ought to be taller. Interviewer: uh-huh and using that word you'd say, if someone got a whipping you'd say, I bet he did something he {NS} 595: ought not Interviewer: huh? 595: ought not {NS} Interviewer: okay 595: that {NS} that expression is used quite a bit Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} and um {NS} say if you wanted to make a a hen start laying what might you put in her nest to fool her? {NS} 595: Well you can get I've seen glass eggs and um {NS} I've seen some uh {NS} little gourds that they call that they has been called nest egg gourds Interviewer: mm-hmm What about say if you had a really good set of dishes they'd probably be made out of? {NS} 595: china Interviewer: uh-huh did you ever see an egg made out of that? {NS} 595: I don't believe I have Interviewer: well what what would that be called? it wouldn't be a plastic egg it would be a {NS} 595: I reckon you would call it a china egg wouldn't you? Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} Where do you keep chickens? {NS} 595: mm they should be penned Interviewer: mm-hmm in a? 595: chicken yard Interviewer: mm-hmm What about a place for the mother hen and the little chicks? {NS} 595: They should be in a coop. Interviewer: mm-hmm What does that look like? {NS} 595: Just a little small like a small bird house Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} you know when you're {NS} a a hen on a nest of eggs is called a? {NS} 595: sitting {NS} Interviewer: hmm? 595: sitting hen Interviewer: mm-hmm when you're eating 595: or probably laying Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} When you're eating chicken the bone that goes like this {NS} 595: that's {NS} we call it the pulley bone Interviewer: uh-huh are there any stories about that? {NS} 595: Not that I know of. Interviewer: not even the 595: oh yes it is the they called it some called it the wish bone Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and um two will break it apart {NS} and {NS} and they say that um whoever gets the biggest part will be the one to get married first Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: huh? {NS} Interviewer: Nick have you heard of it? {NS} 595: either way {NS} it's it's their difference of opinion {NS} {D: it's yours are} Interviewer: {NW} 595: If you say so {NW} Interviewer: Say um if you had some horses and mules and cows and so forth they were getting hungry you'd say you have to go? feed the {NS} 595: stock Interviewer: okay What if you're talking about hens and turkeys and geese and so forth you'd say you have to go feed the? 595: foul I'd I'd say {NS} Interviewer: um and it's time to feed the stock and do your chores you'd say it was? {NS} 595: Now repeat that Interviewer: If it's time to feed the stock and do the chores you'd say that it was {NS} 595: Time to get the work done I reckon Interviewer: uh-huh Would you call that fodder time or chore time or feeding time? 595: We'd we call it feeding time. Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: time to go feed {NS} Interviewer: um and you say before um {NS} you could hitch a horse {NS} to a buggy you have to {NS} 595: put the harness on it Interviewer: okay {NS} and um kinds of {NS} the kind of animal that barks would be called a 595: dog {NS} Interviewer: and if you wanted your dog to attack another dog what would you tell him? 595: I'd tell him to get him or sic' him {NW} Interviewer: okay 595: {NW} Interviewer: What different kinds of dogs are there? {NS} 595: oh there's many kinds {NS} you mean breeds? Interviewer: Well not breeds exactly but just like what would you call a little {NS} noisy dog? {NS} 595: I'd I believe I'd call him a little house dog Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: and a yard dog for the larger ones Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} did you ever hear of a feist? {NS} 595: yes I have. {NS} that little red thing out there is one Interviewer: is a? 595: feist Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} What else what other kinds besides feist are there? {NS} 595: hounds {NS} chihuahuas {NS} beagles bulldogs Interviewer: are there different kinds of hounds? {NS} 595: Well I would seem to think that that all hounds would run about the same thing Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What would you call a just a mixed breed dog if you didn't know what kind he was? 595: They would just be a cur to me Interviewer: mm-hmm What about a a worthless dog? {NS} 595: Well I'm I don't know what you'd call him {NS} Interviewer: just a dog is just 595: just just dog is I all I'd say Interviewer: okay 595: just a dog Interviewer: and say if you had a real mean dog you might tell someone you better be careful that dog will 595: bite tell her he's a bad dog Interviewer: and yesterday that dog 595: bit {NS} he bit someone Interviewer: and the person had to go to the doctor after he got {NS} 595: after he got bit Interviewer: okay do you ever say after he got dog bit? {NS} 595: I imagine I have used that expression sometimes Interviewer: How how would you use it? {NS} 595: uh say he {NW} he got bit I reckon {NS} Interviewer: You wouldn't say dog bit? {NS} 595: mm-hmm I probably would say he was dog bit Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: but it wouldn't be right Interviewer: uh-huh 595: be bitten {NS} the dog bit him. {NS} Interviewer: um {NS} and the kind of animals that you plow with would be called {NS} 595: mules Interviewer: and two of those hitched together would be a? {NS} 595: We call those a double team. {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} how many is in a double team? 595: two Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: here {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about um {NS} the kind of animal that you milk? {NS} that would be a cow {NS} What do you call the male? {NS} 595: a bull {NS} Interviewer: Is that word nice to use or? {NS} 595: I don't know we always said bull Interviewer: uh-huh no other expressions that 595: Well we'd call them a papa cow Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: {NW} Interviewer: What about the little one when it's first born? that's a? {NS} 595: Well the females would be a a heifer calf and uh male we'd call them a bull calf Interviewer: okay {NS} And if you had a cow that was expecting a calf you would say she was going to {NS} 595: Oh let me see now {NS} We would always say that she'd soon drop the calf Interviewer: okay {NS} and the animals um {NS} other animals besides mules that you'd {NS} have {NS} 595: well if it was a mare we'd say she was going to have a colt Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and Interviewer: a mare is a? {NS} 595: female Interviewer: female? 595: horse Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} You'd say everyone around here likes to what horses? 595: ride Interviewer: and yesterday he {NS} 595: he rode his horse Interviewer: but I have never 595: ridden {NS} Interviewer: um What do you call the male horse? {NS} 595: Well um {NS} the male is a stallion Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} any other names for him? 595: Well if he's been castrated I reckon you'd call him just a horse Interviewer: uh-huh Is there any other do people say castrated or do they use another expression? 595: Well they sometimes {NS} they say they mark them Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} um say if you were riding a horse and you couldn't stay on you'd say I fell 595: off {NS} Interviewer: say the whole thing, I fell 595: I fell off {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh 595: or I fell off the horse Interviewer: and say if a child went to sleep in bed and woke up and found himself on the floor in the morning he'd say I guess I must have? 595: fallen out of the bed Interviewer: okay {NS} and the things that they put on the horses feet are called? 595: horseshoes {NS} Interviewer: and Do you ever see a game played with those? 595: uh-huh but I never did play Interviewer: Did you ever see it played with rings instead of horseshoes? 595: uh-huh sure have Interviewer: do you remember what it was called? {NS} 595: no {NS} I don't {NS} Interviewer: What about the parts of the horse's feet that they put the shoes on? 595: that's the hooves {NW} Interviewer: so you'd take the horse and then you'd {NS} nail the shoe to his 595: hooves Interviewer: or just one {NS} 595: hoof Interviewer: okay {NS} What do people raise sheep for? {NS} 595: mutton and wool Interviewer: mm-hmm What do they call the female sheep? 595: an ewe Interviewer: okay what about the male? 595: a ram I think {NS} Interviewer: and {NS} 595: Am I right? Interviewer: yeah that's 595: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 595: {NS} The male goat they call him a billy goat yeah Interviewer: uh-huh 595: I'm right I'm right {NW} yeah they're rams Aux: {NS} Interviewer: um 595: {D: he comes and goes} {NS} Interviewer: and the {NS} the kinds of um animals that you get pork from those are? 595: shh {NS} pigs and hogs Interviewer: uh-huh when they're first born you call them? 595: piglets Interviewer: okay and then when they get a little older they are? {NS} 595: Well some calls them shoats Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} and if they're female they're? 595: sows Interviewer: if they never had pigs they're? {NS} let me see now {NW} aw shoot I {NW} can't think of what they're called but I do know Aux: {NW} oh Interviewer: what about? 595: gilt Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} What about the male? Aux: {NW} {NS} 595: Well now I don't think I know about that Aux: {NW} Interviewer: What do they call the male {X} {NS} 595: oh yeah boar Interviewer: uh-huh and any other name for him? {NS} 595: I don't think so Interviewer: or is is 595: {X} Interviewer: uh-huh 595: or there's Interviewer: um what if he's been castrated? Aux: {X} 595: uh I think they call those bearers Interviewer: uh-huh 595: bearers I believe {NS} Interviewer: and the {NS} the Aux: {NW} Interviewer: The stiff hairs that a hog has on his back? {NS} 595: Now I don't know what they call that Interviewer: #1 gonna get # 595: #2 {X} # Interviewer: angry at when it comes up {NS} and {NS} 595: I don't know what they call that. {NS} We'd always say raises his hair on his back Interviewer: uh-huh Well what about you know on a hair brush {NS} 595: oh bristles bristles bristles Interviewer: and the big teeth that a hog has {NS} 595: uh we call those tushes Interviewer: and the thing you put the food in for the hog would be a 595: a hog trough or a feed trough Interviewer: okay and if you had three or four of those you'd say I have three or four? 595: Troughs I reckon {NW} Interviewer: What would you call a hog that's grown up wild? {NS} 595: I believe we'd call those wild boars Interviewer: okay What about the kind that grows up in the woods and {NS} it's got a long snout and kind of skinny {NS} did you ever see 595: well I yes I've seen some and uh and I've heard them called razor backs Interviewer: okay {NS} um {NS} And a noise that a calf makes when it's being weaned? you'd say the calf began to? {NS} 595: Blate I guess Interviewer: What about the noise that a cow makes when she wants her calf? 595: she lowes Interviewer: okay and when she's hungry? {NS} 595: I believe she'd still lowe Interviewer: uh-huh What about the noise that a horse makes? {NS} 595: They whinny Interviewer: okay {NS} and um {NS} How do you call cows to get them in out of the pasture? {NS} 595: Well we don't have any certain way we just go to the pasture {NS} holler call one of them by name and just say come on here and then they {NS} when they hear it they come running Interviewer: You never heard of a special way? {NS} of calling them? {NS} 595: Well some folks will get out and they'll holler "soo cow" Interviewer: How do they holler it? 595: oh just {NS} have them raise their voice or a shrill voice Interviewer: can you do that? 595: huh-uh {NS} I never have called a cow Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: I just tell them to come on here and they'll come Interviewer: How do they call the calf? have you ever heard? 595: huh-uh {NS} no {NS} Interviewer: What about um what you say to a cow to get her to stand still while you're milking her? 595: Well then you say {D:sow} cow {NW} Interviewer: okay 595: What's the difference? um I mean uh why use that expression "sow cow"? Interviewer: {NW} How do you get her to move her leg back? {NS} 595: um put your hand on her hip bone I used to milk a cow. I put my hand on her hip bone and tell her to back her leg and give her a little gentle push and tell her to back her leg and she'd kind of step it back a little Interviewer: mm-hmm um {NS} What do you say to a horse to get her started? you tell them? 595: Tell them to get up or get up here Interviewer: okay What about to stop him? 595: Tell him to whoa Interviewer: And to back him into a buggy? {NS} 595: I don't know I I never Interviewer: or to make him go back 595: I'd tell him to back up Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: or back up here or get in there Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about um to make them turn left or right? {NS} 595: Uh I think you tell him to gee to go right and haw left Interviewer: uh-huh How do you call a horse in out of the pasture? any special way? 595: uh oh we don't have any special way we just call them by name Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: We we just had one at the time Interviewer: uh-huh What about sheep? is there a special way to call sheep? {NS} 595: I don't know I never had any experience with sheep Interviewer: mm-hmm What about hogs? {NS} 595: We just call him piggy piggy and here he'd come Interviewer: {NW} do it call it 595: piggy piggy piggy Interviewer: uh-huh 595: {NW} Interviewer: What about chickens? {NS} 595: Well we never did have to call ours well we'd call chick chick chick here they come {NS} Interviewer: um 595: they always usually be around waiting on their feed Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} and the inside part of a cherry the part that you don't eat you call that the? 595: the pit or some people say they calls it a pip Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and we called uh pit and a seed Interviewer: mm-hmm that's the same thing? 595: uh-huh {NS} Interviewer: #1 What about # 595: #2 I # I guess it is Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: the seed or the pit Interviewer: What about in a peach? {NS} 595: We always called it a peach seed too Interviewer: What about the part inside the seed? {NS} 595: Well I would call that a kernel I believe Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} You know there's one kind of peach that you have to cut the seed out of {NS} 595: Yeah but I don't know what kind you'd {NS} call that {NS} Interviewer: Do you know what I mean? 595: Yeah I know what you mean uh-huh {NS} but I don't know what you'd call that one well now {NS} there's another there's some that you can break those open and the seed comes right out Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: That's a cling free I think that's what they call that Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} do you know the 595: I don't know I don't know what they call those. {NS} Interviewer: What about um the part of the apple that you don't eat? 595: That's the core. Interviewer: okay and when you cut up apples and dry them you say you're making? {NS} 595: Well dried apples is all I would know Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: I {NS} I've seen very few dried apples. Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: I mean I don't know what they {NS} would call them other than dried apples Interviewer: never heard of schnitz did you? 595: huh-uh sure hadn't Interviewer: What kinds of nuts do they have around here? {NS} 595: Well we call them pecans and some people call them pecans Interviewer: uh-huh 595: or pecans {NS} that's {NS} Well we have hickory nuts but {NS} very few people eat those Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: but I like the flavor of them and walnuts Interviewer: uh-huh You know that walnut has got two coverings to it? {NS} 595: uh-huh Interviewer: What do you call the soft outer one that you can 595: I don't know what you call that Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: but all that comes off I Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and {NS} Interviewer: What about 595: it gets down to the actual hull Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} um what about a kind of nut that shaped kind of like your eye {NS} 595: I don't know what that would be Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} did you ever hear of almond or almond? 595: almond almond uh-huh yeah Interviewer: What do you call those? 595: We just call them nuts Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} um {NS} they kind of {NS} you'd say the skin of that {NS} um if well say you leave an apple or a plum lying around it'll dry up and {NS} do what or get smaller you'll say it'll dry up and? {NS} 595: I don't know what you'd call that I {NS} {X} Interviewer: bacon when you put it in a when you cook bacon it {NS} 595: uh it's cured isn't it? Interviewer: Well it gets smaller you'd say that it 595: shrinks Interviewer: okay and um {NS} 595: {NW} Interviewer: fruit that grows down in Florida {NS} 595: oranges Interviewer: okay say if you had a bowl of oranges and one day you went in to get one and there weren't any left you'd say the oranges are {NS} 595: I'd say they were all gone Interviewer: okay what sort of things do you have um you grow in a garden {NS} 595: you want just different kinds or {NS} {X} {NS} butter beans and then string beans {NS} Interviewer: Is there another name for string beans? 595: Uh snap beans Interviewer: uh-huh What about green beans? 595: Well that's they're the same thing uh-huh Interviewer: uh-huh 595: green beans string beans snap beans Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: then uh Interviewer: Is there another name for butter peas? {NS} 595: limas {NS} lima beans Interviewer: That's all the same? 595: uh-huh {NS} and uh they have these uh Florida speckled but they are they are still butter beans Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: Florida speckled butter beans is what they are but they they're all in the butter bean family Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} {X} 595: and um {NS} we always have some green onions Interviewer: What's green onions? 595: radish and uh well um {NS} they don't get real big not the big ones they just small ones Interviewer: They don't get big like the big? 595: huh-uh {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh 595: and we have some Interviewer: #1 {X} # 595: #2 multiplying # Interviewer: {NS} multiplying? 595: onions Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: put one at a time when you set them out put one out at the time {NS} when the time comes be just big bunches of it Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and then mustard, turnips, radishes carrots {NS} squash {NS} Interviewer: Are there different kinds of squash? 595: mm-hmm {NS} um {NS} I don't know if I can say one they the zucchini I guess that's the way you say it Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and we have a variety of white squash and the yellow {NS} summer crookneck Interviewer: What does the white squash look like? {NS} 595: It looks kind of like a powder puff Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: it's uh it's got the edges around it Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: {NW} {NS} Interviewer: um What about something that it's red it grows up on the um vine 595: tomato Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: shut shut the door Interviewer: What about the ones that don't get any bigger than this? 595: Well now a lot of people calls them the little tummy toes and some calls them the plum tomato Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} What about um We'll say along with your meat you might have a baked 595: potato {NS} Interviewer: okay Are there different kinds of potatoes? {NS} 595: Well yeah don't sit there uh We have the red {NS} I think the red potatoes are the regular sweet potatoes and the white ones are called the yams {NS} Interviewer: The white ones are called the yams? 595: mm-hmm Interviewer: It's not a sweet potato then? {NS} 595: uh well they of the same family Interviewer: the yams 595: but they just have different names {NS} Interviewer: #1 what? # 595: #2 the yams # are the white ones Interviewer: They are white sweet potatoes? 595: uh-huh {NS} Interviewer: What about um there's sweet potatoes and then there's? {NS} 595: and the yams Interviewer: uh-huh What about the kind of um potato that you like to have along with meat? you might have {NS} the kind of potato that you have is a baked potato {NS} 595: Well um we bake Irish potatoes sometimes Interviewer: mm-hmm that's not the same as the yam? 595: huh-uh no Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about something that's um green and {NS} um {NS} grows up sort of well on a bush or vine sort of {NS} it's kind of bristly on the outside and sticky inside you could use it in a soup {NS} 595: I don't know Interviewer: {X} 595: okra Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: some people calls it okra and some calls it okra Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: but I say okra Interviewer: okay {NS} and you say you take the tops of turnips and cook them and make a medicine {NS} 595: call them greens mess of turnips Interviewer: What other kinds of greens do you have besides turnips? 595: mustard kale {NS} and oh there's uh rape and a collard {NS} Interviewer: There's a rape? {NS} 595: rape uh-huh {NS} Interviewer: What's that like? {NS} 595: {NW} It's something oh I believe I would be safe to say it was a {NS} kin to the collard family Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: only it the rape doesn't get as high as a collard will Interviewer: mm-hmm what about poke? 595: poke yeah that's poke greens is good too {NW} of course there's cabbage Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} tell me about um the cabbage {NS} say if you s- um saw some you'd say these I like these {NS} you saw maybe three or four of them, you'd say I like these 595: I think I would say that they're still say they were cabbage Interviewer: uh-huh 595: some would say probably cabbages Interviewer: uh-huh or you'd say these cabbage {NS} What very many of these cabbage? 595: Well some aren't very big and Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: some are small Interviewer: What if um if you were talking about lettuce you'd ask someone to buy me maybe three {NS} 595: I'd say three heads of lettuce. Interviewer: okay Would you ever use that word heads talking about children? you say you have five 595: huh-uh I wouldn't {NS} Interviewer: okay I'd say I had five children. 595: uh-huh What if someone had about fourteen children? You'd say he really had a? {NS} had a lot of children. I wouldn't say no heads. Interviewer: uh-huh do you ever say passel {NS} 595: #1 huh-uh # Interviewer: #2 a passel of children # 595: huh-uh {NS} Interviewer: um and if you want to get the beans out of the pods by hand you say you have to? 595: {NS} shell Interviewer: okay and the kind of corn that's tender enough to eat off of the cob is called? {NS} 595: corn on the cob Interviewer: Okay, any other name for that? {NS} 595: I wouldn't I don't think so unless it would be boiled corn but that would be the same thing it would still be on the cob Interviewer: Do you ever hear of roast {NS} roasting ears? 595: yeah uh-huh {NS} Interviewer: What's that? 595: that that would still be the same thing Interviewer: uh-huh 595: to me it would Interviewer: You'd call that 595: corn on the cob Interviewer: or 595: roasting ears Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} And the outside of the ear of corn is called the? 595: Shuck {NS} Interviewer: and the stringy stuff that comes off? 595: corn silk Interviewer: and the thing that grows at the top of the corn stalk? {NS} 595: the stalk tassel Interviewer: okay 595: {NW} Interviewer: This is um something you can make pie out of at thanksgiving {NS} it's a large 595: pumpkin Interviewer: okay {NS} this is a little umbrella shaped thing that grows in the woods or fields after it rains {NS} 595: mushroom Interviewer: Any other name for that? {NS} 595: toad stool I believe it is isn't it? Interviewer: okay {NS} What kinds of melons do you have around here? {NS} 595: Well the watermelon Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and the cantaloupes now some people calls them {NS} a muskmelon Interviewer: mm-hmm it's the same thing? cantaloupes 595: cantaloupes uh-huh {NS} They're I believe I think they are because I they both have the same flavor and Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and there's some banana melons {NS} now they have a flavor like a banana {NS} Interviewer: hmm 595: #1 they're they're # Interviewer: #2 What do they look like? # 595: they'll grow long about like that Interviewer: about eight ten inches? 595: uh I imagine so Interviewer: uh-huh 595: They'd be about that big around Interviewer: about four or five so inches {NS} wide 595: uh-huh {NS} yeah {NW} but they have the flavor of a banana Interviewer: What color are they? 595: They are yellow just like the cantaloupes are. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What different kinds of watermelons are there? {NS} 595: Oh I don't know just um {NS} you mean the color or the names of them? Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: Well some some are solid green and some are lighter green with little {NS} dark green streaks running through them I don't know what they called them. {NS} some are striped Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: but I wouldn't know what the names of them are. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} um {NS} say if I ask you if you'll be able to do something you say well {NS} I'm not sure but I {NS} I might {NS} 595: I think I'd say I would try Interviewer: uh-huh or you say I might 595: could {NS} Interviewer: What's that? 595: I might could. Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} Say if you were doing something that was hard work you were doing it all by yourself and friend was just standing around watching you without helping {NS} when you get through you tell him, you know instead of just watching me you know you might {NS} 595: help might try helped Interviewer: okay {NS} or you you've already finished you'd say you might {NS} you finished working so you say you might have 595: might have helped Interviewer: okay {NS} And the kind of bird that can see in the dark? {NS} 595: That's the owl Interviewer: okay What do you call the little one? {NS} 595: Owlets I believe is Interviewer: #1 well # 595: #2 what they # call them Interviewer: I mean the little kind of owl {NS} 595: Oh screech owl and there are barn owls {NS} Interviewer: What about the big one? {NS} 595: We always called them hoot owls {NW} Interviewer: it's What's a barn owl? {NS} 595: Well they uh now I don't know but they say I've heard that they stay around the barns or close by at night and catch rats Interviewer: How does that differ from the hoot owl? 595: I don't know. Interviewer: uh-huh 595: na- unless it's just the size of 'em the barn owls are not as big as {NS} the hoot owl Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} and a kind of black and white animal that has a real strong smell {NS} 595: Well {NS} we call them pole cats and skunks. Interviewer: uh-huh Is that the same thing? {NS} 595: I imagine so Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} say some animals have been coming and getting your hens what general name for would you have for an animal like that? {NS} 595: Uh I'd think you'd call that a fox Interviewer: uh-huh Well you don't know if it's a fox or coon or possum you just 595: We just call them a varmit Interviewer: okay {NS} and um {NS} kind of bushy tailed animal that gets up in the trees {NS} 595: um wouldn't that be a raccoon? Interviewer: or a 595: we call him a coon Interviewer: or something else you were telling me about in the kitchen {NS} 595: oh Lord what did I say Interviewer: a little thing {NS} 595: what did I say? {NS} What did I say Belinda? {NS} uh-huh {NS} Interviewer: that {NS} the little thing you can {NS} you said you shot several of them 595: oh squirrels {NW} Interviewer: uh-huh 595: a squirrel shoot yeah. I would shoot a squirrel any day. {NS} Interviewer: What different kinds are there? {NS} 595: Well um some calls them red squirrels Interviewer: mm-hmm {NW} 595: We always called them a fox squirrel and another gray squirrel Interviewer: The gray squirrels smaller? 595: smaller. yeah the gray squirrels are smaller and Interviewer: uh-huh 595: and some people calls them gray squirrels which I do Interviewer: uh-huh 595: and some calls them cat squirrels Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} What about something kind of like the squirrel only it can't looks like it's got little stripes down it's back {NS} 595: #1 Well that is, that's a chipmunk I think. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # Can it climb trees? 595: oh yeah {NS} Interviewer: Did you ever hear of a big squirrel called a boomer? {NS} 595: no I sure haven't Interviewer: mm-hmm What about a kind of um bird that drills holes in trees? {NS} 595: That's a woodpecker. some called them a peckerwood and some called them woodpeckers Interviewer: Any other name for woodpecker? {NS} 595: Well now there's different varieties {NS} some striped, we always called them sapsuckers. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What about the big one? {NS} 595: Well now I have heard those called a woodcock Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} those big ones? 595: uh-huh {NS} Interviewer: Have you ever heard that word "peckerwood" used to talk about people? 595: Yes, I have {NS} Interviewer: How would people say that? {NW} 595: If they was going to make the remark they'd say, well you peckerwood or you woodpecker. {NW} Interviewer: Would that be would that make the other person mad then? 595: huh-uh sure wouldn't Interviewer: It'd just be teasing? 595: uh-huh {NS} Interviewer: what different kinds of fish do you have around here? {NS} 595: Well we have the blue cat Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: and the yellow cat {NS} 595: {NS} White perch, bass brim {NS} striped bass {NS} and several more that I couldn't call their name because they're French {NS} the French gave them that funny name or that's what they called it but they could be a our same kind of fish and they called it a different name in French Interviewer: mm-hmm do Do people refer to them by their French names? 595: Once in a while they will Interviewer: Do you remember what any of those names are? 595: um {NS} the white perch {NS} I have heard them them called a sac au lait {NS} now what it means I don't know. Interviewer: uh-huh any other names besides sac au lait? {NS} 595: not that I know of. Interviewer: Are there any other French names you could think of? 595: huh-uh Interviewer: hmm that's interesting. um What about a small fish you could use {NW} say what {NS} What about a small fish you could use for bait? 595: Well we call those minnows Interviewer: mm-hmm What about something you could dig up to go fishing with? {NS} 595: the earth worm Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and grubs {NS} and we have trees. I've got some trees down here that {NS} during the summer they have a worms on them Interviewer: What kind of worms? 595: a Catalpa worm Interviewer: uh-huh 595: I imagine you've heard of those Interviewer: there not many in Georgia that I know of 595: There's not? I've got some {NS} out there in a freezer in a pint jar in some mead {NS} Interviewer: The worms? 595: mm-hmm Interviewer: What for? 595: fish fish bait {NW} fish bait {NS} the catfish will bite the socks off of those things. {NS} and those little old naked trees down there {NS} usually when we have a good crop every year they they'll start on their fourth crop. They'll eat those leaves off the trees and when they get grown they'll drop off Interviewer: uh-huh 595: they {NS} the worms when they get grown they'll drop off. They say they go in the grounds {NS} and when the leaves comes back on the trees we'll {NS} we'll have another crop Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: and that little bitty things. But it doesn't take but just a few days for those things to get up there moving up the fish some of them will get that long Interviewer: As long as your finger? 595: uh-huh got big old long things and they'll be big around as your little finger Interviewer: hmm 595: and the catfish will eat the socks off of those things {NS} Interviewer: What sort of things do they get from the um salt water {NS} 595: {NW} What do you mean? {NS} live? Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: well salt water Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: well just salt water fish is all I know Interviewer: mm-hmm What about something that um they go out and {NS} in these boats and drag nets {NS} get these things #1 little white # 595: #2 shrimp # Interviewer: uh-huh Say if you wanted some of those you'd ask for two or three pounds of 595: shrimp {NW} I say shrimp Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: but I've heard people ask for shrimps. Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: I don't I don't know whether I'm wrong or they're wrong but usually it's me {NW} but I'd say Well let me have five pounds of shrimp. Interviewer: uh-huh 595: Which I'm probably wrong but I say shrimp Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 595: and the others say shrimps Interviewer: Who says shrimps? old people or? 595: older people Interviewer: uh-huh What about um something that pearls grow in {NS} 595: uh oysters Interviewer: okay {NS} this is something I'm you might find {NS} if you picked up a rock in a stream it has claws on it and you touch it it'll swim away backwards 595: We call those things crawfish and some calls them crayfish Interviewer: uh-huh 595: but I imagine they're the same thing Interviewer: mm-hmm What about um something you might hear making a noise around a lake at night? {NS} 595: bull frogs and toad frogs {NS} Interviewer: Where do toad frogs stay? on land or in water? 595: in th- on land Interviewer: mm-hmm What about the little one that comes out after storms? {NS} 595: Well um We have two or three varieties of those well some calls them spring frogs and some tree frogs Interviewer: mm-hmm What do you call them? {NS} 595: Well sometimes I call them either one just whichever comes to mind first Interviewer: What about a a hard shell thing that can pull it's neck and legs into a shell? 595: a turtle and a well a turtle won't be too quick to do it because I don't think he can but I think what you're talking about are terrapins Interviewer: mm-hmm Where does a terrapin stay? 595: I think he's mostly a {NS} dry land fellow Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} um what about the turtle? {NS} 595: Well the turtles'll {NS} they will go in water they're {NS} they are land and water {NS} Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and now if you class him as an animal Interviewer: mm-hmm anything else besides a turtle and a terrapin? {NS} 595: Well there's a tortoise but I don't know whether we have any of those here or not Interviewer: What's a tortoise? 595: he looks kinda like a {NS} well either one Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} 595: a terrapin or a turtle {NS} I don't know whether he can close himself up in his shell or not Interviewer: mm-hmm Do you have something around here called a cooter? or 595: cooter Interviewer: gopher {NS} 595: I don't think so Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: If we have we may have and I've never seen one Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} uh you'd say that the kind of insect that flies around the light and tries to fly into the light {NS} like if you if it was at night and you left the porch light on {NS} you see these 595: We always called them light bugs Interviewer: okay 595: or moths {NS} Interviewer: #1 Do they # 595: #2 there's all sizes of them # Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} What about something that'll get in your wool clothes and eat holes in them 595: uh the moths they'll eat them up Interviewer: Well you'd call that a 595: moth Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} Something that flies around and has a little light in it's tail. {NS} 595: We call them lightning bugs Interviewer: okay What about something that {NS} This little red thing you'll get in your skin if you go blackberry picking. {NS} 595: a briar Interviewer: an insect though 595: oh some people calls them chiggers and some calls them red bugs Interviewer: What would you say? 595: I call them red bugs Interviewer: uh-huh and something that um hops around in the grass {NS} 595: grasshoppers or Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} Did you ever heard those called hopper grass? 595: uh-huh {NS} they just say it say it backwards instead of a grasshopper Interviewer: they say? {NS} 595: they say hopper grass Interviewer: uh-huh Who says hopper grass? {NS} 595: well several will use that expression just running on their foolishness Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: I've heard the expression at least {NS} Interviewer: What about something that um flies around at night and bites you and makes you itch? {NS} 595: mosquitoes Interviewer: okay this is something that um {NS} you see around damp places maybe around a lake or stream {NS} it's got four shiny wings on it two pairs of wings and it's got a long thin beak some people say that if you see one of these it's a sign that snakes are near {NS} 595: I don't know what you'd call that. {NS} Interviewer: Do you ever hear of something um {NS} called a snake doctor or a mosquito hawk 595: uh-huh yeah Interviewer: what 595: a mosquito hawk and a snake doctor too I've heard the expression {NS} lots of times Interviewer: are they the same thing? {NS} 595: {NW} Well they could be but there's different colors of them here Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and some larger than others {NS} Interviewer: is the the snake doctor or mosquito hawk is one of them larger than the other? 595: I think the mosquito hawk that we have here is larger than the snake doctor Interviewer: What does a mosquito hawk look like? 595: Well they're different colors at least their wings are and well some of the bodies are too um a bluish color and some are a grayish color Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and then the edge and around their wings is a it can be black or a little pink tint Interviewer: mm-hmm What about the snake doctor? 595: well he's not as big or those that are here are not as big as the mosquito hawk his body is blue Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: with a black trim Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What kinds or insects will sting you? {NS} 595: Well a honey bee and a wasp and a hornet Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: yellow jacket {NS} Interviewer: Where does a yellow jacket build his nest? 595: in the ground Interviewer: uh-huh uh you mentioned that wasp how many of those would you see in one nest usually? 595: oh gracious heavens {NS} some of them nests gets real big {NW} I it has never dawned on me to {NS} really estimate the {NS} number of {NS} cells in the nest Interviewer: uh-huh 595: you better to turn that off Interviewer: say maybe they'll be thirty 595: or more Interviewer: what? 595: uh cells in the Interviewer: #1 or {X} # 595: #2 wasp eggs # Interviewer: they'll be thirty of what? 595: oh it won't be that many maybe twenty five or thirty Interviewer: thirty? 595: maybe that many Interviewer: of? twenty five or thirty {NS} what? 595: #1 wasps. young wasps but that they have worms in them we call them worm # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: {NS} um say if you had a uh something similar to a wasp that builds a nest made out of mud or dirt {NS} 595: that's a dirt dauber Interviewer: okay do they sting? 595: uh-huh they sure do Interviewer: What about um say if you haven't cleaned a room in a while of the ceiling in a in the corner you might find a? 595: dirt dauber nest Interviewer: or something that stretches from one stretches across the corner {NS} 595: Well a dirt dauber will build a nest with uh several Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: cells Interviewer: Well I I don't mean that um something real light that stretches from one corner to the other {NS} 595: then would it be a spider web? Interviewer: okay and something like that outside across a bush you'd call that a {NS} 595: um I think that would be one too Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: #1 call that a web? # Interviewer: #2 {X} # uh-huh {NS} and um parts of the tree that grow under the ground are called a 595: the roots Interviewer: Did you ever hear of using certain kinds of roots or vines for medicine? {NS} 595: Well um sassafras Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: They dig the roots of that and make a tea with it Interviewer: uh-huh anything else? 595: That's all that I know of. Interviewer: uh-huh What about the kind of tree that they tap for syrup? Do you know what that's called? 595: um sugar maples I think Interviewer: uh-huh What if you had a group of those growing together you'd call that a? {NS} 595: I don't know what you'd call that. Interviewer: Well what kind of trees do you have around here? {NS} 595: Oh there's lots of 'em oak, pines, cedar {NS} pecan Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: hickory ash just just lots of them Interviewer: What about a kind of tree that has long white um limbs and has white scaly bark {NS} and little {X} 595: oh That would be a sycamore wouldn't it? Interviewer: okay and um 595: I think that's what it is {NS} Interviewer: Do you have a a bush or shrub around here that the leaves turn bright red in the fall it's got berries on it? {NS} 595: no I don't have that kind I've got a red maple but it's right small amount Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: but that's all the shrubbery that I've got except that cape jasmine out there Interviewer: mm-hmm Well do you have something around here sumac or shumac? {NS} 595: Well now we have some that they're called a shumac Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: but they don't get very big Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} What does um what's that look like? {NS} 595: well they uh trunk of it would be {NS} I think would be kind of slick with little bubble like spots on it Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and uh the leaves are green in the summer but they turn a dark red in the winter. Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: or in in the fall they are pretty {NS} Interviewer: What about uh Do you have a a shrub or bush around here called a laurel or rhododendron? #1 or mountain laurel # 595: #2 uh no # um I don't have any but they could be some around here that does have Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: {NW} {NS} Interviewer: What about um {NS} the state tree of Mississippi? that's the 595: That's the magnolia. Interviewer: okay {NS} and the kind of tree that George Washington cut down 595: the cherry tree Interviewer: mm-hmm what kinds of um berries do you have? {NS} 595: Well we have the dewberries and the blackberries Interviewer: mm-hmm What about a kind of red berry? {NS} 595: the strawberry Interviewer: uh-huh the one that it has a rough surface some of them are red and some of them are black {NS} 595: uh I don't know unless it's the blackberry Interviewer: what about red? 595: the raspberry? Interviewer: uh-huh 595: I don't think we have any around here if we have I've not seen any Interviewer: mm-hmm say if you saw some berries and didn't know what kind they were you might tell someone you better not eat those they might be 595: they may be poison Interviewer: okay What kinds of bushes or vines will make your skin break out if you touch them? 595: Well poison ivy and poison oak I don't know what the difference is Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} and um {NS} say if a married woman didn't want to make up her own mind about something she'd say I have to ask {NS} 595: Well I'd rather believe she'd ask her husband she'd have to ask her husband Interviewer: okay and he would have to say I have to ask {NS} 595: usually he'd tell me make up my own mind Interviewer: well he would 595: #1 he would say referring to her # Interviewer: #2 I don't know who he'd be # or he would say I have to ask {NS} 595: I don't know that Interviewer: if he's talking about her he'd say this is my this is {NS} 595: if I ask him Interviewer: well no say if a married man um {NS} didn't want to decide something for himself he might ask he'd say I'd have to ask {NS} 595: somebody Interviewer: Well talking about the woman he's married to he'd say I have to ask 595: oh he'd have to ask his wife Interviewer: uh-huh any joking ways they'd refer to each other? {NS} 595: any joking ways? Interviewer: mm-hmm besides saying my husband or my wife 595: well I call him pop sometimes Interviewer: okay And a woman whose husband is dead is called a 595: widow Interviewer: and if her husband just left her she'd be a {NS} 595: If she was divorced I'd reckon she'd be a divorcee Interviewer: okay did you ever hear of grass widow? 595: uh-huh but I don't know just really what it means Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} the man whose child you are is called your {NS} 595: father Interviewer: okay and his wife is your 595: mother Interviewer: and together they're your 595: parents Interviewer: What did you call your mother and father? {NS} 595: mine? Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: mother and daddy Interviewer: anything else people call their mother and father? 595: mama and papa Interviewer: okay and your father's father is your? 595: grandfather Interviewer: and his wife is your 595: grandmother Interviewer: What did you call them? or what do people call their grandmother and grandfather 595: grandma and grandpa Interviewer: okay and if you had two children you might have a son and a 595: daughter Interviewer: or a boy and a {NS} 595: girl Interviewer: and something on wheels that you can put a baby in and it'll lie down {NS} 595: carriage I reckon Interviewer: okay and you put the baby in a carriage and go out and what the baby 595: stroll Interviewer: okay and uh {NS} if a woman was going to have a child you'd say that she's 595: pregnant {NS} Interviewer: Was that word nice to use when you were growing up? 595: no it sure wasn't Interviewer: what would people say? 595: expecting Interviewer: okay any joking way or any funny expressions? 595: huh-uh I re- I don't guess Interviewer: uh-huh 595: I don't remember any {NS} Interviewer: um if you didn't have a doctor to deliver the baby the woman you might send for would be a 595: the a midwife Interviewer: and a child that's born to a woman that's not married is called a 595: must I say it? Interviewer: huh? 595: must I say it? Interviewer: oh go ahead 595: a bastard Interviewer: uh-huh any other any other expressions besides bastard? 595: Illegitimate I guess Interviewer: uh-huh 595: is what it would be Interviewer: Did you ever hear of woods colt or? grass colt or Sunday baby? 595: huh-uh Interviewer: um {NS} you'd say um she had a hard life her husband died and she what six children all alone 595: was left with six children Interviewer: and then she {NS} she took care of them until they're grown up you'd say she 595: she raised them Interviewer: uh-huh and if a boy has the same color hair and eyes that his father has and the same shaped nose you'd say that he {NS} what his father? {NS} 595: favored his father Interviewer: okay What if he has the same mannerisms and behavior? {NS} 595: Well I guess that would be the same thing wouldn't it? Interviewer: okay And if Bob is five inches taller this year you'd say Bob what a lot in one year? 595: grew a lot Interviewer: and you'd tell him, you certainly have 595: grown Interviewer: and Bob came up so fast you could almost see him {NS} 595: grow Interviewer: okay And if a child was misbehaving if you do that again you're gonna get a 595: spanking Interviewer: anything else you'd say to him? {NS} Would you say spanking to an older child? {NS} 595: I don't I wouldn't think so Interviewer: What what would they probably say? 595: um {NS} punishment punish him another way maybe make him stand in the Interviewer: #1 okay # 595: #2 closet # Interviewer: um your brother's son would be called your {NS} 595: nephew Interviewer: and a child that's lost both parents would be a 595: orphan Interviewer: and the person appointed to look after the orphan 595: would be their guardian Interviewer: and if you have a lot of cousins and nephews and nieces around you'd say this town is full of my 595: kin Interviewer: okay any anything else you'd say? {NS} 595: or relatives Interviewer: okay you say well she has the same family name and she looks a little bit like me but actually we're no 595: not any kin Interviewer: mm-kay and somebody who comes into town and nobody has ever seen him before he'd be a 595: a stranger Interviewer: and um what if he came from a different country? {NS} 595: I believe that would be an alien Interviewer: okay {NS} would you ever use um the word alien to talk about someone who didn't come from another country? {NS} 595: I don't know I don't know how I would say that Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} a woman who conducts school would be called a 595: a teacher Interviewer: and these are some names of the name of the mother of Jesus? 595: Mary Interviewer: and George Washington's wife? 595: Martha Interviewer: And do you remember the song, Wait Until the Sun Shines? 595: uh-huh Interviewer: what was the name of that? 595: Nelly {NW} Interviewer: and {NS} um {NS} the first book of the New Testament? {NS} 595: Matthew {NW} Interviewer: and the name of the wife of Abraham {NS} 595: I think that was Sarah. Interviewer: okay and um {NS} A boy named Bill whose full name would be? 595: William Interviewer: And if your father had a brother by that full name you'd call him? 595: Junior Interviewer: He's your father's brother 595: oh uncle Interviewer: uncle what? 595: Uncle William Interviewer: okay And the fourth book in the New Testament 595: John Interviewer: And if your father had a brother by that name he'd be {NS} 595: Uncle John Interviewer: and Do you remember what they used to call a barrel maker? {NS} 595: no {X} Interviewer: Do you know the family name Cooper or Cooper? {NS} Have you ever heard of that as a last name? 595: oh yeah uh-huh Interviewer: What would you call a married woman with that last name? She'd be 595: a Mrs. Cooper Interviewer: okay and What relation would my mother's sister be to me? 595: Your aunt Interviewer: okay {NS} and a preacher that is not very well trained doesn't have a regular pulpit just sort of preaches on Sunday here and there makes his living doing something else and is very good at preaching you'd call him a {NS} 595: I don't know assistant Interviewer: Well if he's not very good at preaching {NS} 595: Well he'd just be a dud {NW} Interviewer: Did you ever hear of yard ax or shade tree or jack leg {NS} 595: jack leg? Interviewer: uh-huh Did you ever hear of that? 595: I don't don't reckon Interviewer: okay the highest rank in the army would be {NS} 595: I don't know {NS} Interviewer: Well Robert E. Lee was a {NS} 595: was he general? Interviewer: What's that? 595: general? Interviewer: uh-huh And the man who introduced Kentucky Fried Chicken he was a 595: colonel Interviewer: and the person who presides over the court is a {NS} 595: judge Interviewer: and someone who goes to school is a 595: a student Interviewer: and um the person who works in an office and does the typing and so forth would be a 595: typist Interviewer: or a answers the phone and everything 595: receptionist Interviewer: or a sec- 595: secretary Interviewer: And a man on a stage would be an actor. A woman would be a? 595: actress Interviewer: and if you're born in the United States you'd say your nationality is {NS} #1 You're not connect # 595: #2 Amer- # American Interviewer: What's that? 595: American Interviewer: okay and uh the man in charge of his ship is called the? 595: captain Interviewer: okay did you ever hear that word captain used in other situations? {NS} 595: not that I know of Interviewer: okay um and talking about names for races um {NS} someone of your race you'd call {NS} 595: Well uh how do you mean? Interviewer: Well okay what would um {NS} the race of the um the mayor of Fayette he's 595: negro Interviewer: okay What other terms are there for negros? 595: well a nigger Interviewer: uh-huh is that pretty insulting or 595: yes it is Interviewer: uh-huh 595: it is insulting to them Interviewer: What other terms are there? {NS} 595: Well used to they rather be called a colored people Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and they soon resented that Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: and now if they're be going going to be called anything they'd they'd rather be called a negro Interviewer: mm-hmm um any terms that are sort of joking or joking words for them? {NS} 595: Well not that I know of unless they just call him a black man Interviewer: uh-huh um {NW} then someone of our race? we'd say we're not colored we're 595: We're white Interviewer: okay any other names for white people? {NS} 595: I I guess that's about all that's all I've got Interviewer: what about um a child that's born with one parent's um black and the other parent's white? {NS} 595: Well I don't know if is it mulatto Interviewer: okay 595: mulatto I can't say it Interviewer: What about a um a negro whose a really light skinned negro? {NS} 595: uh now I don't know what they {NS} I don't know what they call that {NS} I don't remember {NS} If I've heard it I don't remember it Interviewer: What about um {NS} white people that um well well what did black people used to call the men that they worked for? {NS} 595: Their boss uh I guess be boss Interviewer: What about um white people that aren't very well off they hadn't had education they they don't work they're {NS} um too lazy to do anything {NS} 595: Illiterate aren't they? Interviewer: Well but people that they don't they don't seem to try much they don't they don't care much white people that you sort of look down on you call them 595: I don't what you would call them I guess I do too I don't know who I don't know what they'd call them Interviewer: I'm thinking of something like poor white trash or redneck or 595: #1 Well yeah # Interviewer: #2 cracker. # 595: oh I have heard them called poor white trash but rednecks I I don't know Interviewer: uh-huh 595: if I've heard that Interviewer: Who would call them poor white trash? 595: Well those that probably had a little something and Interviewer: uh-huh #1 and these would be white people calling them # 595: #2 and didn't uh-huh and wouldn't want to # socialize with them Interviewer: mm-hmm what about um {NS} Words that negros would have for white people that they look down on? {NS} 595: I don't know what that would be that hasn't come up until here lately but Interviewer: uh-huh 595: they no don't know if they'd {NS} whether they w- colored would call the white people uncle Tom or whether it was reversed Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: they that Uncle Tom was Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: a big word for a while but I don't know I don't remember now who they were referring to Interviewer: mm-hmm What about um you know down in Louisiana you have some French people down there do you ever hear a name for them? 595: Yeah coonies Interviewer: uh-huh any other name 595: um no I reckon that must be all the Frenchmen Interviewer: uh-huh do you ever hear of coonie ass? 595: yeah sure have Interviewer: What's that? {NW} 595: coon ass? Interviewer: uh-huh #1 it means # 595: #2 that's what they # {NS} that's just a slang for Interviewer: uh-huh 595: French for a Frenchmen Interviewer: mm-hmm is it an insulting word? {NW} 595: Well it might have been at one time but I think they have kind of gotten used to it Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: they don't seem to it doesn't seem to bother them now Interviewer: mm-hmm What about someone who lives out in th country and doesn't get into town much and when he does get into town everybody notices him you know? you could tell that he's from way out in the country What might people call someone like that? 595: well that's maybe nine times out of ten they'd be called a country hick {NW} Interviewer: okay {NS} do you ever heard of the word hosier or? {NS} 595: #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 595: I have but {NS} I wouldn't I don't know what they Interviewer: uh-huh 595: mean about it Interviewer: mm-hmm {NS} say um {NS} if you're at a party you looked at your watch and saw that it was around eleven thirty or so you'd say well we better be getting home it's what midnight it's 595: be close probably be close to midnight Interviewer: okay and um say if it's icy outside you'd say well I didn't actually fall down but a couple of times I slipped and I liked 595: liked to have fallen Interviewer: okay and if someone is waiting for you to get ready to go somewhere calls out and asks if you'll be ready soon you'd say I'll be with you in 595: just a moment Interviewer: okay {NS} and um {NS} this part of my head is called my 595: forehead Interviewer: and this is my 595: hair Interviewer: and on a man hair here would be a 595: his beard or mustache no a beard Interviewer: and this is my 595: ear Interviewer: which one? 595: left ear Interviewer: and this is my 595: right ear Interviewer: and this {NS} 595: my lips Interviewer: but the whole thing is my 595: mouth Interviewer: and this is my 595: neck Interviewer: and 595: throat Interviewer: what about this part here? {NS} 595: oh now {NS} well I think that's called a Adam's apple Interviewer: uh-huh 595: on a man Interviewer: what about goozle? 595: Yeah I've heard it called that too a goozle Interviewer: but what is the goozle? {NS} is that that thing that sticks out or is what you swallow by 595: it's I think it's inside your throat {NW} what you swallow through Interviewer: mm-hmm 595: called the esophagus I this is what it is Interviewer: mm-hmm #1 and # 595: #2 same thing # Interviewer: these are my 595: teeth Interviewer: and one 595: tooth Interviewer: and the flesh around your teeth is your 595: gums Interviewer: and this is one 595: hand Interviewer: two 595: hands Interviewer: and the 595: palm Interviewer: this is one 595: fist Interviewer: two 595: two fists Interviewer: and the place where the bones come together is a 595: joints Interviewer: and on a man this is his 595: chest Interviewer: and these are the 595: shoulders Interviewer: and this is my {NS} 595: leg Interviewer: and one 595: foot Interviewer: and I have two 595: feet Interviewer: and this sensitive bone here 595: is the shin Interviewer: okay and if I'm getting down to this position you say I 595: squatted Interviewer: okay any other expressions? {NS} 595: knelt down I reckon Interviewer: do you ever hear down on your {NS} 595: knees Interviewer: or hunkers or haunches 595: uh-huh sure have haunches anyway Interviewer: u-huh what's your haunches? 595: I don't know unless it's ju- down on your knees and Interviewer: uh-huh 595: all bent up {NW} Interviewer: okay 595: or down on your knees and call your knees haunches Interviewer: uh-huh say if someone has been sick for a while you say well he's having up and about now but he still looks a bit 595: peaked Interviewer: okay anything else? 595: well some says peaked Interviewer: uh-huh What about puny or? 595: yeah puny on the puny side Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} Interviewer: {NS} Someone who's in, in real good shape who's {NS} you know {NS} muscular and so forth you'd say he's big and? 595: Stout or Interviewer: Mm-hmm 595: {D: hailed and hardy.} Interviewer: Mm-kay. Um would you ever use that word stout, talking about butter that was turning bad? 595: No I wouldn't I'd say it was rancid. Interviewer: Mm-kay. What about someone who's always smiling, doesn't lose his temper. You'd say that he's? 595: Easy going I would say. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Any other? 595: Well could be another expression but {NS} I would mostly say he was easy going. Interviewer: Mm-kay. What about someone like a a teenage boy who just seems to be all arms and legs? 595: I'd say he was lean and lanky. {NW} Interviewer: Or what if he's always knocking things and stumbling? You'd say he's? 595: Clumsy. Interviewer: And a person that just keeps on doing things that don't make any sense, you'd say he's just a plain? 595: I don't know what you'd call that now. I don't know what you'd call that. Interviewer: Well he just he does things that there's no sense in them at all? He goes ahead and does 'em and? 595: I would say it was senseless to do such Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 595: #2 things. # Interviewer: Do you ever call him a fool? 595: I wouldn't uh-uh. Interviewer: Wouldn't? 595: Uh-uh never. I don't think that would be nice to do that. {C: laughing} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would, would people say that though? 595: Some would. I imagine some would yes. Interviewer: How how would they use that? 595: Well m-, they'd probably say he was a fool for doing such things. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And a person who has a lot of money but never spends any money he'd be a? 595: A miser I'd say. Interviewer: Mm-kay any other? Expression for him? 595: Tightwad. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And when you say that a person is common, what does that mean? 595: Well, the way we would express it it would just mean plain ol' everyday person. Interviewer: Mm-hmm you say that they're? 595: Just an everyday person. #1 {D: That's all.} # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # Huh? 595: Is all. Interviewer: Uh-huh. {NS} How how would you use that word, you'd say? 595: He would just {NW} be a plain everyday person. Interviewer: Uh-huh if he's a? So you'd call him a? {NS} A co-? {NS} 595: A common. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 595: Everyday person I guess is what it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What if you said that a girl was common? Would that have a special meaning? {NS} 595: {NW} I wouldn't think so. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And say an old person maybe around. 595: Robert. Robert. Get your feet off the book. Now quit. Interviewer: Maybe around eighty or so still gets around real well, still does all their work. Still, you know real active for their age you'd say that that they're awfully? 595: I would say they would be awfully active for their age, yes. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Well what else might you say? 595: #1 Mm well # Interviewer: #2 You know always # busy, always doing something. 595: I'd say they'd be very active. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about spry or brash or chipper? 595: Well I have heard the expression being spry. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What does that #1 mean? # 595: #2 {NW} # Well active. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Um you say well a child might say, well I'm not gonna go upstairs in the dark, I'm? 595: Afraid Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 595: #2 or probably # scared. {NW} Interviewer: Uh-huh. You say well I don't understand why she's afraid now, she? {NS} What? Meaning in the past she wasn't afraid, you'd say, I don't understand why she's afraid now she? 595: Wasn't before. Interviewer: Uh-huh. {NW} Would you say she used to be or didn't used to be or? How would you say that? 595: Well I hadn't thought about that. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 595: Hadn't thought about that. Let's see now. Interviewer: You'd say I don't see why she's scared now she? 595: Hasn't been in the past. #1 I think I # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 595: would say. {NS} Robert Lee. Robert. Imma send you home now. Now quit. Interviewer: And say if your children are out later than usual, you'd say well, I don't guess there's anything wrong, but still I can't help feeling a little? 595: Uneasy. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And someone else might say, oh they'll get home all right just don't? 595: Don't worry about it. Interviewer: And someone leaves a lot of money on the table and then goes out and doesn't even lock the door. You'd say he's mighty? What with his? 595: Brave or tempting. Interviewer: Or with his money he's awfully? 595: Loose with it. Interviewer: #1 Or awfully care- # 595: #2 That's what we. # Mm-hmm careless. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And someone who makes up his own mind and then won't listen to anybody else, won't ever admit he's wrong. You'd say, you'd tell him, don't be so? He's gonna do things his way, you know. 595: I don't know what I'd say about that. Interviewer: Well say if if I was gonna do go about a certain job, you know, doing it one way. And you said look you know that's that's not the way to do it but you know my way would be better, but I wouldn't listen to you at all you know I I was just gonna do things the way I wanted to do them 595: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 you know? # And even if I was wrong I wouldn't ever admit it. You'd say that I was awfully? 595: I don't know. Interviewer: #1 Would you ever say # 595: #2 {X} # Interviewer: sot or stubborn or ornery or pigheaded or? 595: Well, {NW} maybe stubborn. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 595: That would probably be the most Interviewer: Mm-kay 595: used word. Interviewer: And somebody that you can't joke with without him losing his temper you'd say that he was mighty? 595: Let me see now I've got a brother-in-law like that. Auxiliary: {NW} 595: {NW} Oh well I would say that uh Auxiliary: {NW} 595: uh he can dish it #1 out # Auxiliary: #2 {NW} # 595: but he couldn't take it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Say that there was one subject that Auxiliary: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 you couldn't # Auxiliary: {NW} Interviewer: that you couldn't tease him about. You'd say that um well you'd better not mention that subject to him because when it comes to that he's still mighty? 595: Let's see now. Sensitive, I reckon. Interviewer: Mm-kay. What about #1 to touch? # 595: #2 {NW} # Well, he could be touchy about it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And you'd say well I was just kidding him I didn't know he'd get so? 595: Upset. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Or all of a sudden he got really? 595: Mad. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And if someone's about to lose their temper, you might tell them to just keep? 595: I'd just say tell him to keep quiet. Interviewer: Mm-kay. 595: And just wait a little bit. Interviewer: Or another word you'd say just keep? 595: Calm. Interviewer: Mm-kay. {NS} And you say there's nothing really wrong with Aunt Lizzy, but sometimes she acts kind of? 595: I don't believe I believe I know what I'd say there. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Well you could say she acts kind of funny but, any other words? 595: Well, another word I guess would be kind of goofy according to the way Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm. # 595: #2 it was done. # Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about the word queer or {D: quare?} 595: Queer, well now I've heard that expression. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What does that mean? 595: Um well just n- acting in a different way than I would, I guess. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Do you ever hear people um say so-and-so is a queer? Do you ever hear it used that way? 595: Yes. I have. Interviewer: What does it mean then? 595: Well, I guess you would say that it would be uh different than any other person. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Has the word? 595: Out. Interviewer: Hmm? 595: Outrageous I {NW} #1 {D: I would} {C:laughing} # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 595: {D: seem so.} Interviewer: Has the word changed meanings recently? 595: I've not heard about #1 anything. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # Does I was wondering if the word, you ever use the word to mean homosexual? You ever heard heard it used that way? 595: No {D: I'm sure it had.} Interviewer: Mm-kay. And say if you had been working very hard, you'd say you were very? 595: Tired. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Any other expressions? 595: Well, some would say pooped. Interviewer: #1 Mm-kay. # 595: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 Or # 595: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: you'd say or I'm just completely? 595: Given out. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Or using the wear out, you'd say I'm just completely? 595: Worn out. Interviewer: And say if someone had been well and suddenly you hear they have some disease you might say well, yesterday when I saw them they were fine, when was it that they? What sick? When wa-? 595: Took sick or had taken sick. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And someone who went outside in bad weather and came in with sneezing and eyes were running, you'd say that he? 595: Was taking a cold. Interviewer: Or if that had happened you'd say that he? 595: Took the cold. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And if it affected his voice you'd say he was? 595: Hoarse. Interviewer: And {NW} if you go like that you have a? 595: Cough. Interviewer: And say if you got someone some medicine, you went in there and {NW} saw the medicine standing by the bed you'd say, why haven't you? 595: Taken your medicine? Interviewer: Mm-kay. And someone might say well I already? 595: Have. Interviewer: Or I already what some? 595: Taken some. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And in another hour I'll? 595: Take another dose. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And somebody who can't hear anything at all, you'd say they're? 595: Deaf. Interviewer: And say if a man had been out working in the sun, and he takes off his shirt and it's all wet he'd say look how much I? 595: Sweated or have sweated. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And a um sore that comes to a head is called a? 595: A boil. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Any other? 595: Well some calls them a carbuncle. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Is that the same thing? 595: Mm-hmm. Yes. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What about the stuff inside the boil it drains out? 595: Well, {NW} we always called it pus. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What about in a blister? 595: Now I don't know what you'd call that, we always called it water. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Say I'm if you say a bee stung me and my hand? 595: Swelled. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And my hand's still pretty badly? 595: Swole. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And if a bee stings you your hand will? 595: Swell. Interviewer: And if someone got shot or stabbed, you'd say you have to get a doctor to look at the? 595: Wound. Interviewer: Mm-kay. You know sometimes a wound won't heal clean, and you get a sort of a granular substance around the edge that's gotta be cut out or burned out. {NS} Do you know what I mean? 595: {NW} Interviewer: #1 Sort of like a # 595: #2 {X} # Interviewer: skinless growth over the instead of healing back right, the the skin doesn't grow back right. Do you ever hear some kind of flesh? 595: {NW} I've heard it called proud flesh. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 595: But that's all. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Say if you had a cut on your finger, a brown liquid medicine you could put on it would be? 595: Iodine. Interviewer: Mm-kay. What about a real bitter medicine people used to take? 595: Quinine. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And if someone was shot and didn't recover you'd say that he? The doctor did all he could but the man? 595: Died. Interviewer: Any nicer ways of saying that? 595: Well, I I don't know. {NW} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 595: {NW} Interviewer: #1 {X} # 595: #2 Or # passed away Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 595: #2 is # Interviewer: Uh-huh. 595: maybe the nicer words. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Any any crude way of saying that? Any way of saying that that's not very nice, or just sort of joking or something? 595: {NW} No, I guess not. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. You say, well he's been dead a week and nobody's figured out yet what he died? 595: Of. Interviewer: And a place where people are buried? 595: Cemetery. Interviewer: Any other name for that? 595: Oh yeah. I don't know if I know how to say it or not. {NW} Interviewer: Well is is cemetery what you used to call it when you were little? 595: {NS} Well, graveyard. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about what they put the body in? 595: Well, some says casket and some says coffins. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And you say he was an important man, when he died everybody went to his? 595: Funeral. Interviewer: And if people are dressed in black, you say that they're in? 595: In mourning. Interviewer: And um on an average sort of day, if someone asks you how you're feeling you'd say I'm? 595: I'm fine. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And when you're getting old, and your joints start giving you trouble you'd call that? 595: Arthritis or #1 rheumatism. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # Mm-kay. And 595: {NW} Interviewer: a disease that children used to get um they'd get a real bad sore throat, and they'd choke up. A lot of children died from it. 595: {NW} Uh diphtheria, I think. Interviewer: Mm-kay. What about a disease where your skin and eyeballs turn yellow? 595: That would be the yellow jaundice, I think. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And um if you have a pain down here and you have to have an operation, you'd say you have? 595: Appendicitis. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And if um you ate something that didn't agree with you and it came back up, you'd say you had a? 595: Sick stomach. Interviewer: Or you did #1 what? # 595: #2 Vomited. # Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Is vomit a very nice word to to use? 595: Well, I believe that would be the appropriate {NW} Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm. # 595: #2 word to # say but some says upchuck. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Is upchuck nice to to say? Or does it sound? 595: Well, the first time I heard the expression, I didn't know what they were talking #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 595: cause we always said vomited. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If a person vomited, you'd say he was sick? 595: On his stomach. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And um say if someone had about five hundred acres of land you'd say he really had a what of land? 595: I would say a nice plot. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Do you ever say a right smart? 595: Uh-uh. I don't think so. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Did you ever hear that expression around here? 595: I don't no. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Say if a boy was spending a lot of time with a girl, he kept on going over to her house and seeing her, you'd say that he was? 595: {D: Seeing how} I would say he was wearing out his welcome. {C: laughing} #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # #1 Well what if he was # 595: #2 It it may not # be what you wanted. Interviewer: Well if he was seriously interested in her, like #1 maybe? # 595: #2 He was # courting. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is is courting sounds like they're seriously interested? Or is it just? 595: I wouldn't think so. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Any other terms besides courting? 595: Wooing maybe. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Did people used to say that? 595: Long time back they did. I #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # {NS} And he would be called her? {NS} 595: Fiance. Interviewer: Or? 595: Boyfriend. Interviewer: And um she would be his? 595: Oh, now what do they call that? Well if they had planned on marrying it'd be his bride-to-be. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. But what if they were just, you know good friends? 595: Well he'd b- she would be his girlfriend. #1 I guess. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # And if a boy comes home with lipstick on his collar, his little brother would say that he had been? 595: {NW} Well, uh he'd probably say they had been smooching. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Mm-kay. # And when a girl stops letting a boy come over to see her, you'd say she? 595: They had broken up, I #1 guess. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-kay. # And he asked her to marry him but she? 595: Refused. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Any other expressions? Turned him down, or {D: threw him?} #1 {X} # 595: #2 Well maybe in- # jilted him. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And they were engaged, and all of a sudden she? 595: Well, she probably jilt him then. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Mm-kay. # And but if she didn't jilt him, you'd say they went ahead and got? 595: Married. Interviewer: Any joking ways of saying that? 595: Or hitched. Interviewer: #1 Mm-kay. # 595: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: And at a wedding the boy that stands up with the groom is the? 595: Best man. Interviewer: And the woman that stands up with the bride? 595: Well she'd be a bridesmaid or maybe um Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 595: matron. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And um do you remember a long time ago people would get married other people would make a lot of noise, fire off rifles and ring cowbells and do things like that? Do you remember hearing about that? 595: I don't believe so. If I did, I don't remember what they called it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And um talking about the words up and down and over say if um you had been in New Orleans last weekend you'd say last week I went? 595: Went to New Orleans. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would you use down or up or over? 595: {NW} I- I don't believe I would. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 595: I don't think so. Interviewer: Do you use those words at all talking about traveling? 595: Well yeah, I probably would. Went over to so-and-so. Interviewer: What what would over mean? 595: Well, maybe if I say if I crossed the river, I'd say I went over the river but I- #1 I know that # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 595: or we crossed the river Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 595: to so-and-so place. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Say um if there'd been trouble at a party, you'd say the police came and they arrested the? They didn't arrest just one or two of them, they arrested the? 595: {NW} I would say the troublemakers. Interviewer: Or now they didn't arrest just just a few of them, they arrested the? 595: They arrested all of 'em. Interviewer: Or the what group? They arrested the? 595: I'd probably say the whole group. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Any other word besides group? 595: Or the whole gang. Interviewer: Mm-kay. 595: I'd probably say. Interviewer: And when young people go out in the evening, and move around on the floor to music that'd be called a? 595: Dance or dancing. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Do you remember um what they'd call a a dance that they'd have at home? 595: Well, a party. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 595: I guess would. Interviewer: And um say if children get out of school at four o'clock, you'd say at four o'clock school? 595: Lets out. Interviewer: And after vacation, children might ask when does school? 595: Start. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And if a boy left home to go to school and didn't show up that day, you'd say he? 595: {NW} Oh, now shoot. {NW} He skipped school or. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 595: Now what do? Interviewer: Did you ever hear play? 595: {NW} Yeah, played hooky. Interviewer: Uh-huh. That's if you're trying #1 {X} # 595: #2 Playing hooky, # yes it is. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 595: Sure is. Interviewer: And you go to school to get? 595: An education. Interviewer: And after high school you go on to? 595: College. Interviewer: And after kindergarten you go into the? 595: Elementary #1 school # Interviewer: #2 Or which- # which grade or class? 595: First. First grade. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is that what y'all used to call it when you were going to school? First grade? 595: Mm-hmm. We did. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And years ago children sat on benches, but now they sit at? 595: Desks. Interviewer: And each child has his own? 595: Desk. Interviewer: And if you wanted to check out a book, you'd go to the? 595: Library. Interviewer: And to mail a package? 595: Post office. Interviewer: And you'd stay overnight in a strange town at a? Motel or a hotel. And you'd see a play or a movie at a? 595: Theater. Interviewer: And if you were real sick, you might have to go to the? 595: Doctor. Interviewer: Or go into the? 595: Hospital. Interviewer: And the woman that'd look after you? 595: Was a nurse. Interviewer: And you catch a train at the? 595: Depot. Interviewer: Or you might call that the rail? 595: Railroad station. Interviewer: And um say if two streets cross, and you know instead of you're at at one corner and you want to get over to the other corner. {NS} Say if you're at this corner here, you want to get over to this corner. Instead of walking like this like you're supposed to, you walk just like this, you say you're walking? 595: Jaywalking, I believe is what we call it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Did you ever hear catty-wampus or antigodlin or kitty-cornered or? 595: Uh-uh. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And uh before they had buses in town, they used to have? 595: A taxi. Interviewer: Or something that would run on a {NW} tracks and have run on rails and have a wire overhead, that would be a? 595: Wouldn't they call that an L? Interviewer: Mm-kay. Do they have those around here? 595: Uh-uh. They- that's the reason that I don't really Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 595: #2 {NW} # know what I'm talking about. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 595: No, we don't have those around here. Interviewer: Where did you hear it called an L? 595: Read it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You'd tell the bus driver this next corner is where I want? 595: Want to get off. Interviewer: Huh? 595: Get off. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And um you're in um Jefferson County um Fayette is the? 595: County seat. Interviewer: And if you were a postmaster, you'd be working for the federal? 595: Government. Interviewer: And the police in town are supposed to maintain? 595: Law and order. Interviewer: And um before they had the electric chair, murderers were? 595: Hung. Interviewer: And you say that man went out and what himself? 595: Hung himself. Interviewer: And the fight between the north and the south was called the? 595: {NW} Let me see now {NW} I don't- {NW} #1 don't recall the # Interviewer: #2 You know it woulda had the Confederates # and the Yankees and? 595: Yeah, but I don't remember what they called it. Interviewer: It was the Civ-? 595: Civil War? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Any other names for that? 595: {NW} Not that I know of. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Um. These are some names of some states and some cities and the biggest city in this country is in? What state? 595: Would it be Washington? Interviewer: Or up? 595: Oh the biggest city in uh a state would be the capital, I guess of the state. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Well, what's um {NS} you know the the state where um the state up north uh where they have {D: let's see the} well Fifth Avenue and Wall Street it's? 595: New York. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And Annapolis is the capital of? 595: Maryland, I think. Interviewer: Mm-kay. What's the biggest city in Maryland? 595: {NW} I don't know. Interviewer: #1 It'd be Balt-? # 595: #2 I don't # Baltimore. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Um and Boston is in? 595: Massachusetts. Interviewer: And the states from Maine to Connecticut are called the? That section of the country is the new? 595: New England states. Interviewer: And um Tulsa is in? 595: Oklahoma. Interviewer: What are some of the um Richmond is in? 595: Virginia. Interviewer: What are some of the states in the South? 595: Well, Louisiana Alabama Texas Tennessee. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 595: Florida Georgia, and I imagine the Carolinas. Interviewer: Which #1 {D: did your?} # 595: #2 North # and South Carolina. Interviewer: Uh-huh. North? 595: North and South Carolina. Interviewer: {NW} Say the full name is? 595: Oh North Carolina and South Carolina. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about the state um just above Tennessee, that's? 595: I think that's Kentucky. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And this state is? The state you live in is? 595: Mississippi. Interviewer: And Little Rock is the capital of? 595: Arkansas. Interviewer: And the state just above Arkansas is? 595: Missouri. Interviewer: What's the largest city in Missouri? 595: Would it be Kansas City? Interviewer: Or another one is Saint? Saint Lou-? 595: Saint Louis. Interviewer: Huh? 595: St. Louis. Interviewer: #1 Mm-kay. # 595: #2 Or # some say St. Louis. Interviewer: Okay. And the capital of the United States is? 595: I guess that would be Washington D.C. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And the big city in Illinois? 595: Springfield, I believe. {NS} Interviewer: Or another one is Chi-? 595: Chicago. Interviewer: And the old seaport in South Carolina? 595: I don't know that. Interviewer: Do you know any of the cities in in South Carolina? 595: No Interviewer: It'd be Char-? 595: Charleston. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What are some of the cities in Alabama? 595: Well, Montgomery and Birmingham and Talladega, I guess you would say it that way. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What about the the one down on the Gulf? {X} 595: Uh. Interviewer: Starts with an M? Mo-? 595: Mobile. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And the city up in the mountains in North Carolina is? 595: I- I don't know that. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What about the the biggest city in southern Ohio? Starts with a C. 595: Cincinnati. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What in Kentucky? Biggest city there? 595: Mm. Interviewer: Where they run the Kentucky Derby? 595: I don't remember now what they call that. Interviewer: #1 That's- # 595: #2 What it is. # Interviewer: Lou-? 595: Louisville. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And um some of the biggest cities in Tennessee? 595: Well, be Nashville and Memphis. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And in east Tennessee? Up in the mountains? 595: I wouldn't know what to. Interviewer: It'd be Kno-? 595: Knoxville. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about where Lookout Mountain is? 595: I don't know, I'd have to get my map and look at it. {NS} Interviewer: Well, that'd be Chat-? 595: Chattanooga. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about some cities in Georgia? 595: Well, there'd be Macon and Atlanta I guess would be the capital of it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 595: Yeah. Oh. Interviewer: The one um the seaport in Georgia is Sav-? 595: Savannah. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And the city um Fort Benning is near? 595: Fort Benning {D: why} I know. Interviewer: Or the the name of the person who discovered America? 595: Um Columbus. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And the biggest some of the cities in in Louisiana? 595: {NW} Well, Baton Rouge New Orleans. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And Belfast is in what country? 595: Ireland. Interviewer: And Paris is in? 595: France. Interviewer: And Moscow is in? 595: Now I know that too if I. Interviewer: You could call it USSR, or you could call it? 595: Russia. Interviewer: And say if you want somebody to go with you somewhere. You might say well I won't go what he goes. I won't go? 595: Unless he goes. Interviewer: And um say I had a choice of two things I- I was gonna do this but I decided to do to do that? What? 595: This or the other. {NW} Interviewer: I was gonna do this but I decided to do that in? 595: Instead. Interviewer: And one of the um largest churches in the South is? One of the large Protestant churches denominations is? 595: The baptist or #1 yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Huh? # 595: Baptist. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And if two people become members you'd say they? 595: Joined the church, I guess. Interviewer: And you go to church to pray to? 595: God. Interviewer: And the preacher preaches a? 595: Sermon. Interviewer: And the choir and the organist provide the? 595: Music. Interviewer: And if you really liked the music you'd say the music was just? 595: Grand or fine. Interviewer: Or just beau-? 595: Beautiful. Interviewer: And the enemy of God is called the? 595: Devil. Interviewer: Any other names for him? 595: Satan. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What would you tell children was gonna get 'em if they didn't behave? 595: {NW} Boogeyman. {NW} Interviewer: Mm-kay. 595: {NW} Interviewer: What do people think they see around a graveyard at night to scare 'em? 595: {NW} Ghosts. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 595: Or spooks. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Did you ever hear of a house that people were scared to go in? 595: Yes, they're you'd call those haunted houses. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And say if you hadn't seen a friend of yours in a long time. What might you say when you see 'em? How might you express your feeling? 595: Well it would one way would be it's nice to see you. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Or I'm? What to see you I'm? 595: Glad. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Do you ever say proud to see you? 595: {NW} Um {NW} I seldom ever hear it #1 said. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # Uh-huh. 595: It was mostly always glad to see you. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And um {NS} you might tell someone, you better put a sweater on it's it's not really cold, but it's getting? 595: Cooler or cool. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Any other expression besides cool or? 595: Well, we say nippy sometimes. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 595: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: And um you'd say I might ask you if you know a person. And you might say, well no I don't know him but I've? 595: I've heard of him. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And um I might say well some- talking about something that you do every day. If I ask you do you do it frequently, you'd say yes I? 595: Do most every day. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And if you wanted to know if he does you'd say? 595: Yes, he does. Interviewer: Or you'd ask me? If you wanted to know whether he does that sort of thing you'd say? What if he did that you'd ask? 595: Does does he do that? Interviewer: Mm-kay. You say well, I don't smoke cigarettes but he? 595: Does. Interviewer: And um s-say um you might say well I I think that's right, but I'm? 595: I'm not sure. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And if you wanted to know um why someone did something, you'd say well what? 595: I I believe I'd say what caused him to do that or why did he do that? Interviewer: Uh-huh. And you say well, I don't know if he actually did that or not but people? 595: People says he done did. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And um if a child's just had his third birthday you'd say he's? 595: Three years old. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And um talking about um rooms and in the house it this room here you'd call the? 595: Living room. Interviewer: Any old-fashioned name for that? 595: {NW} Uh, not that I know of. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 595: Yeah #1 it could be. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # Mm-hmm. How tall would you say this room is? It's about? 595: Mm. About twelve feet Interviewer: Mm-kay. 595: high. {NW} Interviewer: And if someone says something kinda shocking and you sort of resented them saying it, you might say why the very? What? 595: {D: Idea.} Interviewer: Mm-kay. And you'd say, it wasn't just a little cold this morning, it was? 595: Cold. Interviewer: Or it was? What cold, it was? 595: Real cold I probably say. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And when a friend of yours says good morning, what might you ask 'em then? 595: How are you or how are you feeling? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What about when you're introduced to a stranger? What might you say then? 595: I don't know, I don't think {NW} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 595: #2 think I've seen # {NW} many new strangers. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # Um and if some people had been over to visit you, when they leave you might say well I hope y'all come back? 595: Again. Interviewer: And how do you greet someone around December 25th? 595: Merry Christmas. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And happy? 595: New year. Interviewer: Anything else you'd say? 595: {NW} Well, I don't think so. About That would #1 that'd be it. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # Do you ever hear people say Christmas gift? 595: {NW} Oh yes. That sounds to me like asking for something. {NW} #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 595: {NW} Interviewer: #1 How would they say that? # 595: #2 {NW} # Well, they'd just say Christmas gift. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Who would say that? Would would you ever say that? 595: I wouldn't. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Did? 595: Cause the way it sounds to me, I I would imagine it would that it would sound like that to another person. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Who would say that when you were young? Would colored people say it or white people or? 595: {NW} Both. Both races. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 595: Both races would say it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. You might say, I had to go downtown to do some? 595: Shopping. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Say if you bought something, you'd say the store keeper took out a piece of paper and? 595: Wrapped it. Interviewer: When I got home I? 595: Undid it. Interviewer: #1 Or he wrapped it and then I? # 595: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: I 'un-? 595: Undid it. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And if you had to sell something for less than you paid for it, you'd say you had to sell it? 595: {NW} Well, for less I guess or. Interviewer: Mm-kay. #1 Say if you like # 595: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: something but don't have enough money for it. You'd say well I like it, but it what too much? 595: Cost too much. Interviewer: And on the first of the month, the bill is? 595: Due. Interviewer: If you belong to a club, you have to pay your? 595: Dues. Interviewer: And if you don't have any money you'd go to the bank and try to? 595: Borrow some. Interviewer: And you say in the thirties money was? 595: Scarce. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And say you ran down the springboard and what into the water? 595: Dove off. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And several children have already? What off? 595: Well I believe I'd say they. {NW} Interviewer: They've already? 595: {NW} Well would it be right to say {NW} diven or dove off? Interviewer: Well what what would you probably say? 595: I might would say dove off. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And you say but I was too scared to? 595: Dive. Interviewer: And if you dive and then hit the water flat, you'd call that a? Hit the water just flat and? 595: Oh well we call that a belly splash. Interviewer: Mm-kay. 595: {NW} Interviewer: And um say he he dove in and what across? 595: Swam across. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And I have what there myself? I have? 595: {NW} Um I'd probably say I s- {NW} swam across. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Huh? You'd say I have? 595: Well I'd probably {D: let's see} I have I don't know. {NW} Swum some would say. #1 But I # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 595: I don't know what I would say. Maybe the same thing. {NW} Interviewer: Okay. 595: {NW} Interviewer: Um you say children like to? 595: Swim. Interviewer: And if you can't swim you get and you get in the water you might? 595: I would sink. {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 595: Usually go under. Interviewer: Or if you die in the water you say you? 595: Drowned. Interviewer: Huh? 595: Drowned. Die in the water? Interviewer: Yeah. Yeah. If you if you can't swim you get in the water and you might? 595: Drown. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And you say yesterday he? 595: Drowned. Interviewer: And um I wasn't there so I didn't see him when he got? Or when he was? 595: When he was drowned maybe? Interviewer: Mm-kay. And a child puts their head on the grass and then turns a? 595: Somersault. Interviewer: And when you buy something or pay your bill, some storekeepers will give you a little present and say that it's for? 595: I don't know, that never happens either. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # Did you ever hear of lagniappe? 595: Uh-uh. Interviewer: Mm-kay. What does a baby do before it can walk? 595: Crawl. Interviewer: And um you'd say that'd be a hard mountain to? 595: Climb. Interviewer: But last year my neighbor? 595: Climbed it. Interviewer: But I have never? 595: Climbed I, I guess. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And you say she walked up to the altar and she? What down? 595: Knelt. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And if you were tired, you might say I think I'll go? What? Go over to the couch and? 595: Lie down. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And you say he was really sick he couldn't even sit up all morning he just? What in bed he just? 595: {NW} I think I he laid in bed I reckon would. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And talking about things that you see in your sleep, you'd say this is what I? 595: Dreamed. Interviewer: And often when I go to sleep I? 595: Dream. Interviewer: But I usually can't remember what I have? 595: Dreamt. Now I've heard that expression, but now {NW} whether it's right or not Interviewer: Uh-huh. 595: I don't know. Interviewer: Is that what you would say? What I have? 595: I'd {NW} I'd say I always say I dreamed this that and the other. Interviewer: You'd say I have? 595: Dreamed. #1 That's the way I # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 595: that's the way I say it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. {NS} You'd say I dreamed I was falling, but just when I was fixing to hit the ground I? 595: Woke up. Interviewer: Mm-kay. If you bring your foot down heavy on the floor, you say you what the floor? {NS} 595: Stamped. Interviewer: Mm-kay. 595: Or stomp. Interviewer: Mm-kay. {NS} And to get something to come towards you you? Take hold of it and? 595: Pull. Interviewer: And the other way would be? 595: Push. Interviewer: And say if you um had a sack of groceries and didn't have your car you'd say I picked it up and? 595: Carried it. Interviewer: Any other word you'd use besides carry? 595: Well, tote is a slang word I guess you'd call it. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Mm-kay. # And if a boy sees a girl at church and he wants to go home with her, he'd say may I? What you home? May I? 595: Escort or #1 maybe # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 595: accompany. Interviewer: What if he had a a car? He'd say may I? 595: Drive you. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 595: #1 Drive you # Interviewer: #2 {D: What if} # 595: home. Interviewer: What about carry or take? 595: {NW} Well, {NW} take. May I take you or could I take you? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And um you say I'm glad I carried my umbrella cause we hadn't gone half a block when it? 595: Started raining. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And you might ask what time does the movie? 595: Start or begin. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And you'd say um it must've already? 595: Started or begun. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And it what ten minutes ago? 595: Began maybe. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And you'd say that's the book that you? What me? 595: {D: Say what?} Interviewer: That's the book that you? 595: Gave Interviewer: Mm-kay. 595: me. Interviewer: And you say you have what me many books? You have? 595: Given. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And when I'm finished with it I'll what? 595: Return. Interviewer: Or what it back, I'll? 595: Bring it back #1 or. # Interviewer: #2 Or? # What it back to you? 595: Give it back. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Say if there was something bad that you had #1 expected to happen, # 595: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: like say if there's {D: a child is} walking along the top of a fence, and you had expected him to fall off fall off. {NW} Then someone comes running in the house and tells you they just fell off, you'd say I just? What that was gonna happen, I just? 595: I just knew it was going to happen. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And if you wanted to brighten up your room for a party and have a lot of things growing in your garden, you'd go out and? 595: Gather flowers. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And something that a child plays with you'd call a? 595: Toy. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Any other expressions people use? 595: Playthings. {X} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What about play-pretty? 595: Well yes a play-pretty. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Does that mean the same thing as a toy? 595: I think so uh-huh. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. {NS} And say if I ask you um {NS} when are you going to Miami, you might say, well right now we're? What to go next Wednesday we're? {NS} 595: Planning. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Anything else? {NS} 595: Well, I believe that would be about all. Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm. # 595: #2 {D: I believe.} # Interviewer: Do you ever say we're, we're aiming or fixing to go? 595: No. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. {NS} What about #1 fixing? # 595: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Would? 595: Well, I guess that expression is used. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Do you use it yourself? 595: Very seldom. I may but I probably don't catch myself {D: at it.} {C: laughing} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 595: Or maybe don't uh think anything about it when I do say it. Interviewer: When you say? 595: Fixing. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Um. If a child's just learned something new, like maybe learned to whistle, you might say well who? You want to know where he learned it you'd say who? 595: Who taught Interviewer: Uh-huh. 595: you to do that? Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 595: #2 Maybe who # taught you to whistle or. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And a child that's always running and telling on the other children, you'd call him a? 595: Tattletale. Interviewer: Mm-kay. 595: {NW} Interviewer: And um you'd say horses gallop, but people? 595: Jog. Interviewer: Or. 595: Maybe. Interviewer: He didn't walk, he? 595: Ran. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And you'd say, they have what a mile every day this week? 595: Have run a mile. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And um to get some place in a hurry, instead of walking you might? 595: Run. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And say if you give someone a bracelet and wanna see how it looks on her, you'd say why don't you? 595: Try it on. Interviewer: Or why don't you? The opposite of take it off is? 595: Put it on. Interviewer: And um you'd say, you can't get through there cause the highway department's got their machines here and the road's all? 595: Closed. Interviewer: Or all? Tor-? 595: Torn up. Interviewer: And um you'd say, well he moved here in nineteen-sixty and he's been living here ever? 595: Since. Interviewer: And that wasn't an accident, he did that? 595: On purpose. Interviewer: And you might tell a child not that stove is very hot so? 595: Don't touch it. Interviewer: And you'd throw a ball and ask somebody to? 595: Catch. Interviewer: And I threw the ball and he? 595: Caught. Interviewer: And I've been fishing but I haven't? 595: Caught. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And um {NW} say if you needed a hammer, you could tell someone go? 595: Go bring me that hammer. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And um do you remember a game that that children used to play, where one child would be it and the other children would hide? 595: Hide-and-seek. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Anything you used to call that? 595: Uh-uh. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 595: That's all we ever called it here. Interviewer: What um what about the tree maybe that you could run and touch and be safe? You'd call that? 595: That'd be the base. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And in football they run toward the? 595: Goal. Interviewer: And say if if we were planning to meet in town, you might say well, there's no need to hurry, if I get there first I'll? 595: Wait. Interviewer: Wait? 595: For you. Interviewer: And um if you were about to punish a child, he might tell you not to punish him just give me another? 595: Chance. Interviewer: And if a man was in a very good mood, you would say he's in a very good? 595: Mood I guess. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What about someone who always catches on to a joke, you'd say he has a good sense of? 595: Humor. Interviewer: And you say well, we've got termites now, but I'm sure the exterminating company will get? 595: Rid of 'em. {NW} Interviewer: And say a child left their best pencil on the desk and came back and didn't find it there, they'd say I bet somebody? 595: Stole it. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Anything else? 595: Took it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And you'd say, I have just what him a letter? 595: Written a letter. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And yesterday, he? 595: Wrote. Interviewer: And tomorrow I will? 595: Write. Interviewer: And you'd say I wrote him and it's time I was getting a? 595: An answer. Interviewer: And you put the letter in the envelope, then you take out your pen and you? 595: Address it. Interviewer: Any old-fashioned expression for that? 595: Well, I have heard the expression of backing a letter. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is that pretty old-fashioned or? 595: Oh yes. #1 Long ago. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 595: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 595: {NW} Interviewer: You'd say well I was gonna write him, but I didn't know his? 595: Address. Interviewer: And you say well, I don't know the answer to your question, you better go? What somebody else? 595: Ask. Interviewer: And you said, so then I went and? 595: Asked. Interviewer: And you say, you're the second person who's? {NS} You say, why you've already? 595: Asked. Interviewer: #1 Mm-kay. # 595: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: And you say, those little boys get mad and what? 595: Fight. Interviewer: And ever since they were small, they have? 595: Fought. Interviewer: And yesterday they? 595: Fought. Interviewer: And you say she what him with a big knife? 595: Stabbed. Interviewer: Say if a teacher walked into a room and there was a funny picture on the blackboard, she might ask who? 595: Drew. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And say if you were gonna lift something heavy, like a piece of machinery up on a roof, you could use pulley blocks and a rope to? 595: Hoist it. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And now could you start counting for me slowly? 595: Just just count? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 595: One Two Three Four Five Six Seven Eight Nine Ten Eleven Twelve Thirteen Fourteen #1 Fifteen. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-kay. # And the number after nineteen is? 595: Twenty. Interviewer: And after twenty-six? 595: Twenty-seven. Interviewer: Twenty-nine? 595: Thirty. Interviewer: Thirty-nine? 595: Forty. Interviewer: Sixty-nine? 595: Seventy. Interviewer: Ninety-nine? 595: One hundred. Interviewer: Nine hundred ninety-nine? Is one? 595: One thousand. Interviewer: And ten times one hundred thousand is one? 595: Million. Interviewer: And say if you had a line of people, the person you'd say if there's eleven people in line, the last man would be the eleventh. What about the person at the head of the line, he'd be the? 595: First. Interviewer: And behind him would be the? 595: Second. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Keep going. 595: Third Fourth Fifth Sixth Seventh Eighth Ninth Tenth Interviewer: Mm-kay. And you say sometimes you feel you get your good luck just a little at a time, but your bad luck comes all? 595: At once. Interviewer: #1 And. # 595: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Cause say if, last year I got twenty bushels to the acre, this year I got forty, I'd say this year's crop was? 595: Better. Interviewer: Or was? What as good? 595: Just as good. Or probably best. Interviewer: Or you say it's two times as good, you'd say it was? 595: Twice as good. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And would you name the months of the year slowly? 595: January February March April May June July August September October November December Interviewer: Mm-kay. And the days of the week? 595: Does it make any difference which one I start with? Interviewer: Doesn't make any difference. 595: I'll just start Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Interviewer: Mm-kay. What does sabbath mean? 595: {NW} Well, it should be the day of rest, #1 but it's # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 595: seldom observed here. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 595: It's just a regular work day with the light on. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Which which day is it the? 595: Well we always observed Sunday. Interviewer: As? 595: As the sabbath day. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. If you meet someone during the early part of the day, what do you say as a greeting? You'd tell them? 595: Good morning. Interviewer: Mm-kay. How long does morning last? 595: Well here it lasts 'til twelve noon. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And then you have? 595: Evening. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Um how long does evening last? 595: {NW} Well, I guess till dark here. Interviewer: #1 And then you'd call it? # 595: #2 {X} # Night. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. If you were leaving somebody around uh eleven 595: {NW} Interviewer: in the day, would you have any special thing you'd tell him as you were leaving? 595: {NW} I wouldn't think so. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Well what about good day? Do you ever hear that? 595: Yes {D: good day.} Interviewer: Well when do people say that? 595: {NW} Mostly in the evening. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 595: #2 Cause # {NW} the day's gone. Interviewer: When they #1 see the person, or when they're leaving? # 595: #2 {NW} # {NW} When they're leaving. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Do you say that yourself? 595: Sometimes, uh-huh. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about when you're um leaving somebody after dark, you'd tell 'em? 595: Goodnight. Interviewer: And you say, we have to get up and start work before? 595: Daylight. Interviewer: Or before sun? 595: Sunrise. Interviewer: And we worked until? 595: Sunset. Interviewer: And you say, this morning I saw the sun? 595: Rise. Interviewer: And at six o'clock this morning, the sun? 595: Rose. Interviewer: And when I got outside the sun had already? {NS} 595: Risen. {NS} Interviewer: And say if someone came here on a Sunday, not last Sunday but a week earlier than that? It would be? You'd say he came here? 595: Well, I'd say a week ago today. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Or to know if it was say not not last Sunday, but a week earlier than last Sunday. It would be? In other words two Sundays ago it would be? 595: Two weeks ago. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Do you ever say s- Sunday a week or Sunday before last or? 595: No. I I always say Sunday was a week ago. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And if someone was gonna leave on a Sunday, not next Sunday but a week beyond that, it would be? 595: A week from Sunday. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Do you ever say Sunday week then? 595: Uh-huh. Interviewer: And if someone stayed from the first to the fifteenth, you'd say he stayed about? 595: Two weeks. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And you say today is is Tuesday, so Monday was? 595: Yesterday. Interviewer: And Wednesday is? 595: Tomorrow. Interviewer: And if you wanted to know the time, you'd ask somebody? 595: We just say what time is it. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And you might look at your? 595: Watch. {NS} Interviewer: {D:And if it was} midway between seven o'clock and eight o'clock, you'd say that it's? 595: Well, half past seven or seven thirty. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What if it's fifteen minutes later than that, you'd say it was? 595: Either seven fifteen or a quarter after. Interviewer: Or it's it's seven forty-five or? 595: Quarter 'til seven. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And if you've been doing something for a long time, you might say I've been doing that for quite a? 595: While. Interviewer: And nineteen-seventy-three was last year. Nineteen-seventy-four is? 595: This year. Interviewer: And if something happened on this day last year, you'd say it happened exactly? 595: A year ago today. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And talking about the weather, you'd say you look up at the sky and say, I don't like the looks of those black? 595: Clouds. Interviewer: And on a day when the sun's shining and there aren't any clouds, you'd say that's a? 595: Clear day. Interviewer: Mm-kay. {NS} What about a #1 day like today? # 595: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: You'd say it was? 595: Partly cloudy. Interviewer: #1 Mm-kay. # 595: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: And a day that's real cloudy and overcast would be? 595: Cloudy. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Or real the sun isn't shining, you'd say it was a? It's a real dark sort of it say it was a? 595: {NS} {D: I don't know} Interviewer: Would you ever say gloomy or? 595: Well, we usually say mostly overcast. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Say if the clouds were getting thicker and thicker, and you think maybe it's going to rain in a little while, you'd say that the weather was? 595: Bad. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Do you ever say gathering or threatening or changing? 595: Well, threatening yes. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Meaning it's fixing to rain? 595: To rain, uh-huh. Interviewer: And say if it had been cloudy and the clouds pull away? You'd say, oh it looks like it's finally going to? 595: Clear. Interviewer: Hmm? 595: Finally going to clear. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And you'd say all night long the wind? 595: Blew. Interviewer: And you'd say, well the wind was bad last night, but in years past it has what even harder than that? 595: Had blown. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And you say, it started raining the wind began to? 595: Blow. Interviewer: And if the wind's from this direction, you say it's? 595: From the south. Interviewer: And a wind halfway between south and west, you'd call a? 595: {NW} Well we'd always say southwest Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 595: wind. Interviewer: What about between south and east? 595: Southeast. Interviewer: And east and north? 595: Northeast. Interviewer: West and north? 595: Northwest. {NS} Interviewer: And um {NS} if the wind had been gentle and was getting stronger, you'd say it was? 595: Rising. Interviewer: Mm-kay. What if it was had been s-strong and was getting weaker, you'd say it was? 595: {NW} Beginning to calm down a little. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And um Say if you have a choice of two things, you'd say I what do this and that I? 595: Rather or prefer. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Say the whole thing, I'd? 595: I'd rather do this. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And you say it was so cold last night that the pipes? 595: Froze. Interviewer: And? 595: Burst. Interviewer: Mm-kay. {NS} And {NS} you say um the pipes have already? {NS} 595: Burst. {NS} Interviewer: Because the water has already? 595: Frozen. {NS} Interviewer: And if it gets much colder the pipes might? {C: background noise} {NS} 595: Burst. Interviewer: Or the water might? 595: Freeze. Interviewer: Mm-kay. {NS} And um {NS} say it was so cold last night that the lake? 595: Froze. Interviewer: What if it, it wasn't a real solid ice, but just thin ice around the edge, you'd say that the lake? 595: {NW} Partially froze. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And if it was cold enough to kill the tomatoes and flowers, you'd say last night we had a? 595: {NW} Frost. Interviewer: Mm-kay. What if it's harder than that? It'd be a? 595: Freeze. Interviewer: And a whole lot of rain that just suddenly comes down would be a? 595: Downpour. Interviewer: Any other expressions for that? 595: Well, a flood. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 595: We call it if it rained real hard. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 595: {NW} Interviewer: What if there's thunder and lightning in it? Then it'd be a? 595: Thunderstorm. Interviewer: And if it's lighter than a downpour? It would be just a? 595: Shower. Interviewer: Anything else? {NS} 595: Sprinkle I reckon. Interviewer: What's the difference between a shower and a sprinkle? 595: Well, one be- wouldn't be as hard as the other. Interviewer: #1 Which one? # 595: #2 Just a few # drops of rain would be a sprinkle. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What if it's real fine? It'd be a? 595: Mist. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. {NS} And if you get up in the morning and you can't see across the road, you'd call that a? 595: Fog. Interviewer: Mm-kay. And a day like that would be a? 595: Foggy day. Interviewer: And if no rain comes for weeks and weeks, you say you're having a? 595: Drought. Interviewer: Mm-kay. {NS} Well, that's all. {NS}