625:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Coo-
625:  {NW} Well sometimes you'd have two if you had butter or something like that to use you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  But most of the time you have just one knife park in the school you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah but you might have two knives right?
625:  Yeah. At times yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh. Okay Can you say that for me? Just say that word knives.
625:  Knives yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  Alright. Um now what would you put flowers in Mr Moran? You you might put flowers in a you'd bring 'em inside in a what?
625:  Uh w- we'd have a regular vase for it you know for the vase?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And vase put flowers and put water in it.
Interviewer:  Okay um what was something big a big black thing your mother used to boil water in, you said to wash?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  You call that the what?
625:  They they call it the washpot.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  I got one I I had one I wouldn't take a {D: penny} I paid at least seven or eight dollars, I wouldn't take uh a hundred dollars for it.
Interviewer:  I'd like to see that. Um now what would you cook in? You'd fry something in what would you fry in?
625:  Well we had uh after I married we had a an iron skillet we'd fry eggs or meat in it or something like that you know?
Interviewer:  Did did you ever have one in the fire that had legs on it?
625:  M- my mother did but after that I didn't {X} I don't know what ever become of all her dishes. Course well now they got 'em I guess and people quit using them you know I don't know what {D: that was}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I know that some of 'em did burn up when the the house burned up, I had a lotta things all my school book and everything burned up in it you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Would you call that a a a the one with the legs on it, did you have a name for that?
625:  Well uh {NW}
Interviewer:  Spider? You ever call that
625:  No the at that time I believe they've called it a it a skillet. Best I remember.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Now what kind of bucket would you, what kind of container would you use to slop the hogs with? You know when you go out to slop the to feed the hogs?
625:  Well we had all kinds of we had maybe an old water bucket we use and and then again uh people use to use uh lotta uh axle grease they'd buy in tin g- {NW} five-gallon cans you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And then that'd be use to wash it in, make good uh feed bucket. You had a lotta the to feed the cattle and oxen and thing like that you know, people use to use lotta uh oxen work oxen then they'd use a lot of them you know {D: we used that} A wagon and whips you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Well uh could you tell me the different sort of things you'd use to carry stuff in? You know carry all the stuff in. You told me about a a bucket. What else? Did you have
625:  Well people used to when I was a kid there was {D: injuns down there} they'd make basket.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And u- use basket {NW} uh handy to go pick uh pick beans peas in and thing it Nearly everybody had that. There are some like that like you gotta beans, peas, okra and thing and use they'd use them you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  You could make 'em here, they had some with the handle on, you could take it lay it down, pick it up. And uh they'd last a long time.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  They'd make 'em out of bamboo. Use uh uh spin you know at about four five to four foot long and split 'em
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And let 'em dry and they'd paint 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Make I know how they made 'em they they used to walk ten twelve miles maybe more and some of 'em would bring their babies on their shoulders and the others would they'd put 'em in sack and put on their shoulder.
Interviewer:  Uh they what's they do they {D: towed they}
625:  No they'd they'd cut a hole in the sack and put it on the uh on each arm and just carry them on their shoulders like that, I've seen 'em carry it {D: they went from} down there w- up to Jordan River there was Jordan River, they'd come up to Jordan River there {D: where they'd there's was} there was bamboo that grow tall you know and get the stem?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And they'd uh s- s- take 'em to the strip and they'd go, it'd be the same size then they'd paint 'em. Make basket. They'd walk in the bay and sell 'em. That's what they made a living at.
Interviewer:  I see. Uh okay now what would you carry milk in? {D: Mr Jordan} You say you carried milk in a
625:  Now you mean at the house or in the uh creamery?
Interviewer:  We- yeah at the creamery and the house?
625:  Well {D: what we would do} for the creamery we had ten-gallon tins. They'd hold and they'd fill 'em up they'd hold supposed to hold eighty-five pounds of milk.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh uh we always I I always when I had a when the creamery} would always pick one cow and milk uh and and save the feed for the house you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And when she went dry pick another one {D: there} I used a cow {NW} same cow all the time {D: you see?} Same cost for the milk {D: the hotel} had changed you know? And uh
Interviewer:  #1 What about #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  I'm sorry go ahead.
625:  I I run it through that cooler and then I'd take it to the house and my wife would uh uh she still she's she'd strain it and we of course we had a strainer we put a strainer in that uh in the right where it run through there and that's {D: to go through it} But my wife would still strain it and put it in in in a big uh containers and put it in the box you know? {X} -fridga- re- refrigerators
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
625:  #2 We # have we have milk all the time you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah. What about uh at the house you say you'd you'd carry milk y- you were talking about a different thing you carry the house in. You carry it you carry it in a what?
625:  Uh we had a s- a special uh bucket container for that for the to to carry the milk in the house and we'd catch it right from the {X} where it come through that {X} {D: old black} cooler you know? We kept it separate.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  It wouldn't go in the it wouldn't go in the can.
Interviewer:  Okay and it was made was it made out of metal?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay it was a little thin little thing made out of metal then right? With an open top?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah what #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  {X} what would you call it? Do you just call it a do you call it a pale maybe or
625:  Yeah {D: a} {D: a} {D: a} we use it from uh milk milk pale you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay um now uh what about some of the things you use to haul bigger stuff in? Like flour, what what would you keep flour in? What would you buy it in?
625:  Well uh when I was a boy my daddy'd buy flour by the barrel.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  With them ninety-eight pound barrel you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 When # sometime you'd buy half a barrel but most of the time you'd buy uh a whole barrel.
Interviewer:  What about sugar? Did you buy sugar? What'd you buy sugar in? Well Oh he'd buy sugar I don't know about uh ten pounds I guess at a time you know a big bunch of it, rice. Uh a a Did you buy it did you buy it in the sack? {D: Or?}
625:  N- no {NW} well I guess he did we used to we raised a lot of our rice so I remember when I was a kid I'd w- we'd raise rice. We would get my daddy's plow's about that high, he'd send his son there one on each side and pull all the grass out {D: they'd be over there getting cover} you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh then when it was ready to cut he'd cut it and lay it down and and let it dry and then we had to go there and tie it, roll it up and tie it and roll it, take it in and beat it. And then we'd have a a {D: mole} {D: it's} made outta light {NW} yellow pine they'd drill hole in it and and set it to fine burn and then they'd take some that had {X} {D: working round} And they they make now the about that long and uh about that big around and the end'd be round and the hole in that {D: now would} would be round that mole would be round. And uh this uh right in the middle they'd make it small, you could take man one man could take two and beat 'em like that {D: there two point} one'd take one the other one {D: hand you} off and down like that.
Interviewer:  What would you do you'd What would you do?
625:  Beat beat that rice in that in that {X} 'un-
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Until they'd get all that {D: cuff off} And uh then when they'd get it all out {D: you'd} we had these some of these basket these Indian make some flat like these fan 'em good you know? And get all that stuff out. All that {D: cloth} {X} pick it out and put it back in there and l- later on we'd put it on the side uh beat it again but you could beat it and and and pick on it take all that {D: puff} out And then uh you'd clean it that rice tastes better than what you get now. It was really good. Telling you people just it was hard to believe how much better that rice tasted. It
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
625:  #2 have # full taste of rice.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Okay. Now um did you uh um did you buy uh mola- what'd you buy molasses in? Maybe. What would it come in?
625:  It would uh Oh at one time I remember they used to put it in jugs.
Interviewer:  I see.
625:  And they'd put the cork on it and then put little {D: rosses} on there. To keep it sealed you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh {NW} then not too long they'd begin to use the {X} somebody come out with tin they begin to use tin then you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what would you use to pour it from a you know from a in something into a narrow mouth bottle? It it was one of these big things and you'd pour something into it, you'd you'd use it to pour into a narrow-mouth bottle.
625:  You know they had funnels.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 Yeah # they had funnels {C: mumbling}
Interviewer:  Alright. Um and you what would you use to urge your horses on when you were when you were driving along?
625:  Well some of 'em used {D: didn't have to have mine but} just a line uh if you drive 'em, just a line you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh they got {X} before I was married they got to {X} horse down in the bay. And uh that son of a gun would saddle I I'd go out at night and I had to run the rope around the tree about It was kinda cold and run it around the between between the {D: her} and the tree. I always keep 'em 'til I can get 'em and then I'd get the rope and that thing'd buck like a bucking horse y- you know? And uh I had a buggy I finally got a bi- uh uh top {D: Barnsville} top buggy
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And one day I w- when the I was on the creek swimming I found me a long switch and I cut it and I put it on that thing and then I come and I {D: uh he stopped and I shook shook that} switch man uh that thing like to run away with, I had to {D: tore} it off I didn't I didn't need no switch, oh I had to hold him down. All the time {D: I have a}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now uh back to stuff that you put stuff in if you go to the grocery store and bought some fruit the uh the grocer would put 'em in maybe in a what?
625:  They had uh bag paper bags to put 'em in.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  Um did you ever uh did you ever see like um stuff that was put in a what would you what would you put sugar in? Like big pounds of sugar would come in a what?
625:  It it'd come in a uh
Interviewer:  Well maybe potatoes.
625:  Potatoes, they'd come {D: there} they'd come sugar {D: you'd get 'em the} I know people used to they had uh they had wooden wooden container made outta cypress with a lid on it #1 you know? #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. # Uh-huh.
625:  And a handle on it.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  We used to use uh that to put a lotta thing in it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  I remember I remember my mother had something and there was a lot of people that {D: see} and uh and they'd uh they'd they had s- some uh something like that, some of 'em they'd put sugar in it you know? They'd uh get sugar and put 'em in there.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And there they and uh
Interviewer:  Well alright go ahead I'm sorry.
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 What # about corn meal? Y- you know corn meal might come in a would come in if it didn't come in a barrel it would come in a
625:  Well well I actually remembered most of the people had had {D: whispmeal} around where they'd gri- grind corn you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And they'd bring corn in and have uh uh grinder and just take so much corn {D: Bertoli} you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Have you ever heard #
625:  #2 We were da- #
Interviewer:  {X} {D: Bertolin?}
625:  We have
Interviewer:  That was uh and what amount was that about?
625:  They'd take about uh uh I don't know bushels they'd take about a a gallon I believe.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 Wouldn't # take much but just a little bit you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now did you ever use sacks for anything? What what would you kinda what kinda sacks? Would you ever use
625:  Oh yeah there's uh there's uh there's s- {NS} coca sack they call it.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And they use that to I know {D: here in labor the bay and} make now don't they don't use they're no use to them. They're they're just made out of uh one of the sacks are made out of uh I can't ca- I can't call it right now. But they call 'em coca sack I know the {X} what they're made out of I I
Interviewer:  Burlap?
625:  Burlap. Yeah.{C:mumbles} Yeah.{C:mumbles}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um uh now when a light burned out you have to put in a new whe- when a when a light burns out in an electric lamp you have to put in a new
625:  Bulb.
Interviewer:  Yeah what kind of bulb a
625:  Well {X} At one time they didn't have electricity you know they just have lamp, kerosene lamp. And
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 they # kerosene lamps in room you know they have
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  But uh of course uh let's see {X} it was nineteen- I believe it was nineteen- thirties when it started {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Uh little electrification {D: over in the} I was born the first may in the few, the first may and we got uh light uh in Hancock County when it started you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um well going back to what you talking about what do you used to burn in lamps?
625:  Kerosene.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh what would you call maybe a makeshift lamp that was made out of a rag and a bottle and kerosene? Did you ever have a name for that?
625:  I I no I well I wa- I was using them and they'd see seen a lotta people use 'em.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 You know? #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  #1 They #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  you know they're called a would you call it a torch or?
625:  Uh well I I {NW} I that's what I they'd call 'em yeah torch {D: cuz uh} I have seen camping like that and we'd run outta kerosene we'd go use a skillet upside down put put a put a light on it you know {D: they see} {D: you need the lamp} on the table you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {NW} I I don't know if you ever saw that or not but
Interviewer:  Yeah. I see.
625:  I seen that.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now uh if you have a door hinge that's squeaking you'd put what on it? Or
625:  We we'd uh well uh I I I {D: I let we kept a} we'd always have a a {X} machine oil that'd we'd uh use {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now uh when you take your clothes out and hang 'em up on the line you put 'em in a take 'em out there, you'd put 'em in a what?
625:  Well the some of 'em would uh would pick 'em up put 'em on their arm, come in and then uh fold 'em and then some uh {D: one} {X} Some of 'em didn't need to be pressed, just fold 'em and some of 'em'd they'd uh put it there and and and press 'em you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Or sometimes they'd lay 'em there and press 'em and {D: then} one time uh I've seen people my mother did, she'd press everything and fold and she'd press it and put it away you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And most people used to do that.
Interviewer:  Um yeah but you you put 'em in something to carry 'em out to the line maybe. You call that a what?
625:  Well uh {D: the the thing they usually} at at one time I remember they had a a big basket.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  That they'd put 'em in that {D: to} take 'em out and then they would take 'em out and bring 'em in {X} they had some of them things uh take that long. And they were that big you you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Now, you know what nails came in? You know you used to buy nails in these
625:  Oh yeah they come in uh keg. Wooden keg {D: handmade wood with the handmade binder} {X}
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X} then they'd come in two-hundred pound kegs.
Interviewer:  And what did you say would run around the barrel to keep the s- staves in place?
625:  Hoo- hoops we call them hoops.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now uh what would you put in the top of a bottle maybe?
625:  Well at one time we used cork.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  We- now they use caps.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Different thing you know? {D: we we} used cork.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um and uh didn't what would it be made out of?
625:  {X} made out of dry wood they tell me, they get it out of the swamp certain kind of wood it'd be {NW} dry enough and it's spongy like just enough when it it'd work it out. #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
625:  They they'd dry up and and and it it it {D: It broke there}
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh now when you're when you're over at the sink water comes outta the what? What is that thing you call it comes out of?
625:  Faucet.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now if it was outside you know something outside like that would you call it a you have another word for it?
625:  Well uh no it's a a we got one there by the house there uh
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  A faucet. {D:straight} faucet
Interviewer:  #1 Okay #
625:  #2 over there # by that.
Interviewer:  What about um Mr Moran when you ever when you had barrels and uh you had to you had to get in the barrel you maybe knocked one of these things in there and you'd turn it on? What would you call that? and the the stuff wha- whatever the liquid that's in the barrel would come flowing out? Do you have a name for that?
625:  No I don't uh {D: know that we} uh I would have anything in liquid they'd go over there drill a hole and put a a a a faucet in it so the
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} # take it out you know?
Interviewer:  Alright. Okay.
625:  {D: Wouldn't go we'd we'd} I've had my daddy'd made syrup and they had some syrup made and they put it in barrels. And then when we did we had to drill a hole and put a faucet in it.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um and what would you do with a ha- with a what would you can you describe the act of say driving a driving a nail in for me? You you'd say you what would you use?
625:  We use a well uh just the ordinary thing it is, we use a hammer. And of course it's it depend on some of these uh hammer uh some of these big nail you might need a bigger nail uh hammer you know? That'd have a at least six uh number six the nail's about that long you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {X} And when the hammer put in you really need a heavy hammer. {D: What happens}
Interviewer:  Yeah and you you say I took the hammer and I
625:  Pulled the nail. Bent the nail over.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  Alright. Um now I wondered uh oh, let me ask you a couple of questions. What would you call a little musical instrument that children'd play, you know you hold it up to your mouth? You play it like that?
625:  They call that a French horn.
Interviewer:  French horn? Uh okay. Um now what was thing you held between your teeth and plucked on?
625:  A harmonica. Let's see it's it's a uh I know it's {D; something probably got a} little thing the sound hole.
Interviewer:  Yeah you put it in your mouth you hold it between your teeth and pick it with your fingers to twang.
625:  Oh well I think one of them things uh I I used to
Interviewer:  You know {NW} like
625:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 that? #
625:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
625:  Um {D: I I said uh one} {X} they'd use the French horn, they call 'em harmonicas too there
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah okay. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  But this here is a I couldn't take {X} it's been so long since
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Jew's # harp, you ever call it
625:  I believe that's what it was something like that.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um okay Mr Moran, can you tell me about uh all about wagons and and the parts of a wagon and and what you'd you know what you'd use for the wagon?
625:  Oh yes. Well you see you got, used to have a hub to make a wheel and the spokes you'd put in it and the rim to put around it uh and the iron. And then we had to heat that iron to shrink it down in and know just how you got to make the ir- w- wood wrench solid enough that you got to have a little wooden wheel between two little slot like that, and on the ground and {X} on it and know how fast they go. And then you tug run it around your iron and tell how much you got for to expand it so it will shrink up from there {X} wheel smaller than that rim when it shrinks.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um well what would you call the uh uh the thing you put the wheels on?
625:  {X} well you got to have an axle with a with a um hub hub on it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  With a wheel and and uh and another one on the end to hold it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um and uh and what would you call the what'd you call the wood on which the tire was fixed?
625:  The it's uh it's made outta rope.
Interviewer:  Oh I see. When you speak of the felly you ever heard of that word?
625:  The what?
Interviewer:  Do you know what the felly is?
625:  Don't believe I do.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um when a horse is hitched to a wagon what do you call a bar of wood that the traces are fa- fastened onto?
625:  shaft. shaft.
Interviewer:  The shafts?
625:  Yeah. And they got the uh the the piece of chain that hooks to it. There's a a there's a singletree on the
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} # on the cross piece on the sh- on the shaft.
Interviewer:  Okay. If you had two horses and each one has a singletree what do you call a thing that both of these are hitched to?
625:  Well that's a that's a
Interviewer:  In order to keep the horses together.
625:  That's uh one tow and that's you've got a you've got another tree in the front of the horse.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And a and a doubletree in the back. And the and and the {D: tools tools} singletree on that doubletree you see?
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {D: It got} # it got a chain from each uh yoke in the front you got a yoke and it it hook from the collar of each uh uh horse uh ho- hold 'em together.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} # And if you pull back that keeps the wagon in position they can't uh they uh roll forward and they back it up {X}
Interviewer:  Alright um uh now what would you say uh what would you do with a wagon you'd say if uh if there was a log in the road you'd say he'd tie a rope to the log to get it out of the road and you would do what?
625:  Well either that or if he had a s- a saw and uh and you knew it was gonna be there you'd take a saw {D: along} and cut it. Roll it out the way. Or either tie uh get the horse to {X} if it's a tree that you could handle and just pull it out of the way. Drag it out the way.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um you'd say I tied a rope to it and
625:  Tied a ch- uh a rope or chain to it and and and and drag it out the way and and but a lot of times people would go around one until somebody would go there and move the tree. You know they wouldn't take the
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  They'd get when they'd get tired of going around somebody'd claim firewood. Uh and use it to move the log, just go there and maybe cut it and and uh tie a chain or a rope around it and pull it out the way with a horse you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now can you tell me about the different sort of things you'd use to rake the ground with in the spring?
625:  Well yeah. We use a turning plow. {X} We and there was I they'd always have a two-horse plow and {X} I'd give to one time before the next But we'd use a hor- uh turning plow about just s- seven six seven and eight inches turning plow.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And then uh we'd do that in the spring and and uh first and then later on we'd uh turn it over in the garden and especially in the garden, we'd turn it over with what they call a hand shovel.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And they'd make the ground better and then they'd plant the garden there. And then they'd {X} by the second time, sometimes the third time they'd plant the corn you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  {X} cuz all that stuffs a lot stockpile it early.
Interviewer:  Okay what would you use to break the ground up finer after
625:  Uh uh a half-shovel they'd call it.
Interviewer:  Half-shovel. Okay. Or uh a harrow? Did you ever use a harrow?
625:  Well we'd run that over sometime but {D: a harrow uh} but a few thousand turns {X} with a half-shovel they call it. {X} you'd turn it
Interviewer:  #1 Ye- yeah. #
625:  #2 up uh up and # and actually it it wouldn't it would just be just as {X}
Interviewer:  Did you ever have a cu- a a double shovel? What'd you call that?
625:  Well it
Interviewer:  Did you ever have a double buster?
625:  No I had {D: was it} I had two raised plows, still got it, it's here somewhere. {X}
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {X} # Two piece uh piece iron comes uh off like that and they got two plows, one one there close to the {D: coon} one there for the behind.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And they steered the plow {D: corn with} When the corn is little you it that first one there it would uh {D: it'd} you'd raise it up a little and put a little bit of uh dirt and the other one'd uh bring it up a little further. And keep uh all that big carpet grass out you see?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And {D: then run it} one time you'd have it maybe whatever it would cover the grass {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what would you call an X-shaped frame that you'd lay logs across to cut 'em into stove lengths? You know maybe uh the you'd you'd put a sawbuck on it? I mean you put a saw uh I mean a a you you'd use it to saw logs.
625:  #1 {D: lay it across} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
625:  Cross-cut saw. You'd use a cross-cut saw, when I I I never put put 'em on top of just cut a tree down and cut it to length {D: raise it to length} {D: wood and} cut cut the fire blocks you know? Choke and the whole
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {X} # {X} Uh the hogs the {D: hounds} they'd split it up and stack it there, let it dry.
Interviewer:  Yeah well these this thing was a type you know it was the type thing you might put on you might use for the foundation of a table, a couple of 'em. You'd you'd have a couple of 'em and you'd lay something across it maybe. And cut 'em. What do you call those things you lay 'em across? With an X-
625:  #1 Well well #
Interviewer:  #2 shape? #
625:  I know what you're talking about, it's a it's a a crosspiece.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {D: I got} and uh and one in the center. And the one at the bottom to keep the legs straight you know for the {D: moon} there.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh uh you could cut 'em up uh uh {D: out of the} use 'em like they're blocks. Something I'd have as much as three like that you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 And # two of 'em would be close {D: without} {D: if the wood had} {D: had to short it} cutting that short piece there.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  Do you have a name for it?
625:  Well it's a a I I'd call it a three-legged uh
Interviewer:  Sawbuck or sawhorse?
625:  Yeah th- thr- thr- three-legged sawhor- sawhorse is what we call it, that's what we call it with three legs on it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright um now uh you what would you use to straighten your h- to to fix your hair?
625:  A a comb we used to comb with a brush.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um. They used to say you would you'd take that and you'd what would you do?
625:  Well I'd comb my I'd comb my hair and then use the brush and brush it freshen up
Interviewer:  Okay. Um and what would you use to sharpen a razor on?
625:  A a a well they call a regular razor rock you know? And it's uh {X} razor on it. It's smooth as it could be you know?
Interviewer:  Razor {D: hummer?} Yeah. Okay. Um did you ever call it a {D: strawhook} {D: my mother had} that they had a razor strop too. I I I h- I still got one somewhere I don't know where it is. I got that thing about thirty thirty some years. Okay.
625:  {D: well worn} I've always worn uh uh razor like that then strop it. And uh I I wore it I worn many a razor, I've never did have somebody sharpen it, I'd do it my own there. Every time I'd shave I'd rub {X} just a few times and I'd take that strop and and then I'd wipe it good and dry it good. It wasn't no trouble with that.
Interviewer:  Did you uh did you have a name for what were the the types of things you would uh you would maybe sharpen an axe with? You had one was kind of a Well a grindstone. t- t- turn it you know {D: wheel on} grindstone one at a time {X} {D: get the axe it} Yeah. Okay. The the one that would turn?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  You call it a grindstone?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Do you have a name for the one that would just sit flat and you'd you know you'd use turned over on the
625:  Well the the they still have them, they call them uh uh
Interviewer:  Like to sharpen
625:  Wet uh rock, a whetrock. You know?
Interviewer:  Whetrock?
625:  Yeah I got I got two of 'em now little knife rocks with that loam you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  You use to sharpen knives on.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what would you use to put in a gun? What what do you call the ammunition you put in a gun?
625:  Well the first gun I ever used I used, it had a muzzle on it, put a little powder in it and put a wad in it and crank it good and then you'd put some shot in, you'd put another wad
Interviewer:  #1 Inside #
625:  #2 in it. #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 # And pack it good and then you put a cap on the the a cap on it and you had to put the {X} take it and shoot it. And uh I've I've I've done that, load that a many times.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 # And uh we had one in that double barrel. {X} then uh I'd guess he'd gone on to some {D: bunch of stuffed up} {D: Put in in the ground and} and then he'd load it and he'd didn't know it and when shot it, it busted just about that far from the end you know? Because it stopped up the dirt.
Interviewer:  Uh-oh. {NW} It busted huh?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Um well what'd you call, what do you call the stuff you use now? That now they use in a shotgun they might put
625:  Uh they use shells now.
Interviewer:  Okay. But in a in a uh in a in a maybe a a rifle you'd use
625:  Bullet.
Interviewer:  Bullets or did you ever have a na- another name for 'em? Did you ever call 'em uh well what would you put in a revolver?
625:  Cartridge
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay. Um can you tell me about some of the games I mean some of the things you used to have to play with when you where a young kid. Uh
625:  Well we played ball, we played marbles.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Uh I don't know, we'd play games at school, all kinda games.
Interviewer:  Um did you ever have a plank maybe that was laid over a trestle at school?
625:  Well we'd cut down a tree {X} I'd cut down trees and cut the {D: top uh} around the top. And and maybe a straight tree, long tree and try to balance and {D: grab a hold of} {D: violet} in the center
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And maybe with a little curve in it and drill a hole in the stock and put a {D: book} in that {D: paying and} we'd ride that thing, push it around you know?
Interviewer:  Oh
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 What'd you ca- #
625:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
625:  We call them uh s- uh uh s- s- uh uh ridey-horses. Uh or uh sea- {D: seashores.} And uh
Interviewer:  They went around?
625:  Went round and round as long as somebody push it you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And then uh then they'd get on and and somebody else would change around and push around.
Interviewer:  You call that a ridey-horse?
625:  Yeah. And uh then we'd sometime we'd just {D: threw that one who'd} get on there and just ride up and down on it you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 and what'd # what'd you call that?
625:  Well we'd just uh call it uh a just balance up and down and and then we'd we two would just slide one foot one way and finally we'd swing another one {X} I two at a time you know? That's
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  two.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it a seesaw or a
625:  Yeah we'd call it seesaw or riding horse {X}
Interviewer:  Ridey-horse okay. Um Mr Moran, did you ever have a board say that was fixed on both ends, it was a loose limber board, you'd get in the middle and jump up and down on it? You ever see one of those?
625:  No I don't think so
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright um now you say about when you're talking about going around on that thing or or uh jumping u- or going like this on it you'd say you were doing what? You have a word for it?
625:  Yeah. {D: Well never see it} now the up and down you go just uh
Interviewer:  Yeah. You were teeter-tottering or swinging
625:  Something like that you know I don't know {X} just what we did call it {D: I believe} we'd uh sometimes somebody'd say that {X} {D: wagon horse.} sw- swa- swing or it it called different things you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um did you have a name for the things that were that were you know, you'd tie over a tree limb and get in 'em and they'd go like this?
625:  Oh yeah. We had them. {NW} {D: child would} roll 'em over {D: and} swing we'd call that a just call that a swing you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And some of them were maybe twenty to thirty feet long you know? Some people'd climb up on a big old limb and tie them thing and go so far that they that thing would go {D: glance} swing back down you know?
Interviewer:  {NW} Um uh Mr Moran what would you call, what would you use to carry coal in? What was it you use to carry coal in?
625:  I- in the in sacks burlap sack.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um did did you have something you'd bring it in from the pile maybe in? Uh if you had a coal pile when you bring it in in a
625:  Oh in we usually had a a bucket or something to bring it in you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  A regular bucket {X} call it a coal bucket, you'd carry it in from the you'd take coal and things you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what was it that runs from the stovepipe to the chimney you were telling me? What do you call that? It runs from the stovepipe up to the chimney.
625:  Uh It'd be a flue it's be they'd call that.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Okay. Well um what's the difference between this flue and the stovepipe?
625:  Well the flue went up the stovepipe goes through you know?
Interviewer:  I see. Okay. And uh so this runs from the stove to the chimney?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  What what'd you call that? You call it the stovepipe?
625:  Yeah. Yeah. Yeah the stovepipe and then you got elbow if you go in the to the chimney you see? But most of uh mansion mansion people were the only ones who that's uh chimney. Now there's some of 'em did {X} go all the way through the ground on up and then they'd run uh four or five {X} the smoke would go on up you see?
Interviewer:  I see. And uh they'd put a elbow in it and run through there. And uh and uh then s- some of 'em would would put in through the window. They'd put a piece of tin around cut it fit the stovepipe through the window and put basing outside and run the stovepipe through the window you see?
625:  Okay.
Interviewer:  And it worked good. And then they'd put a elbow and run it up, put a cap on the top of it you see? Okay. Um let's see, can you drive a a one of the things now uh C- can you drive a car?
625:  Yeah. I can drive a car.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um uh if something is squeaking in the car, you gotta lubricate it, you take it in and you'd say they you want it you ask 'em to do what? You ask them to
625:  Ask them to check the car and see what's causing it.
Interviewer:  Yeah but s- specifically if you knew what it was you'd ask 'em to do what? Grease it? W-
625:  Oh yeah I'd I'd uh uh I- I'd tell 'em I want a have it greased, lubricated or can change the oil too you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  I usually do that sometime uh change the before I do hardly ever {X} never let never let it. Always have 'em so often I have 'em change the oil and grease such you see?
Interviewer:  If grease got all over your hands you'd say they were
625:  Gr- greasy.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now toothpaste comes in a what? Toothpaste? It comes in a
625:  Tube.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um if you said if you said you were going to put a boat in the water you were going to what were you going to do to that boat? You'd just
625:  Well if we do what?
Interviewer:  If you had just made a boat you were going to put it in the water you'd say you were gonna do what to it?
625:  Uh you know usually these big boats they put 'em in there and usually they push 'em and ca-
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  Yeah and you'd call it uh what would you say about the boat, you were
625:  {D: I} Uh they'll baptize it I'm guessing. I don't know
Interviewer:  #1 No non #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  I wasn't talking about that I just I was just saying uh if you you know just the process of putting say maybe a boat in the water. Any sort of boat, you know not a big boat. You'd say you were uh launching it? Did you ever say that?
625:  Oh yeah well yeah launching boats yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {D: We have them} {D: see that now} {D: think about it}
Interviewer:  Okay. Can you tell me the kind of boats you'd have? What what would you call a boat you go fishing in a small lake?
625:  Well call it a s- a s- a s- a skip most of 'em they'd call
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah #
625:  #2 them # skips.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Yeah but what in na- where those the ones that had really uh flat bottoms? What would you call those? You know the little boats kinda squared off with a real flat bottom you'd get in? You call that a skip?
625:  What they usually do here they then they put it out and put water in it you know they
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  {D: Yeah.} They put it a well {X} weren't supposed to use {X} {X} you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah the- these were made out of wood.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Cypress. {X}
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it a pirogue?
625:  We ah uh I seen pirogues yeah.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I've rowed 'em once or twice but {X}
Interviewer:  Uh what are they called, what are they what's the difference between them and a
625:  A pirogue is a little old round thing and the the you move each of the things out of it turn over you know?
Interviewer:  Oh is that so? It's smaller than a flat-bottom boat?
625:  Oh yeah it is almost round. {D: Pirogue.}
Interviewer:  Huh. Was it was it usually was it a hollowed out log or?
625:  No uh well uh I think uh they have uh have been made some outta hollow logs. And uh I remember going on the creek to find the some {D: but} trees there about run all the way put 'em in the water and and get on 'em and and ride 'em.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  But they're {D: one} piece you know they'd there {D: they'd hold a sap for me and they get a} {D: big hull a lapped top of wood burn the inside} you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh {NW} you couldn't use it for we just built it for and run it down the creek the creek was high you know?
Interviewer:  I see. Um
625:  What in the world {NW} you gonna do with all that?
Interviewer:  I just want to ask you questions about you know what you call these things. Uh. What would you put on when you go out in the wintertime?
625:  I'd put heavy under-clothes and wool clothes.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Suit and and usually wear a overcoat.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh um sometimes between your coat and your shirt though you'd wear a what?
625:  I'd wear a flannel shirts.
Interviewer:  Okay but did you have maybe when you're wearing a suit
625:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  You had a three-piece suit, what w-
625:  {D: the}
Interviewer:  What were the three pieces of a suit?
625:  Well {NW} well there's but that's been a long time since they uh {X} you don't have no vests on over it.
Interviewer:  B- tho- those are coming back in now.
625:  I noticed that with some of the fellas recently I noticed that.
Interviewer:  {NW}
625:  Yeah. I have met I used to uh have a vest that's been a long long time ago.
Interviewer:  Okay you wear the vest and you'd also have something to go over the vest, you'd call that the That would be the #1 what? #
625:  #2 The # coat.
Interviewer:  And then you'd have
625:  Pants.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Trousers.
Interviewer:  Trousers.
625:  {D: Trousers} #1 {D: they call 'em} #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
625:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 # Okay. Um if you said that you'd got to {D: in my coat} won't fit me this you say this coat won't fit me this year but last year it perfectly
625:  It perfectly fit.
Interviewer:  Fit
625:  #1 Yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 me? #
625:  but it's
Interviewer:  Okay. So this year it doesn't um if you go outdoors without your coat without your coat somebody might run out and say uh um somebody might bring you your coat, you'd say here and he'd run out and say here I brought you I what I
625:  I brought your coat {X} {D: out there.}
Interviewer:  Okay. {D: Okay} Okay. Um if your old clothes wore out you'd have to buy if your old suit wore out you'd have to buy a
625:  A new suit.
Interviewer:  Okay. And if you stuff a lot of po- things in your pocket it makes 'em
625:  Bulge out.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now did you ever wear um things on the farm or that were that that were that came all the way up and had you know had built in suspenders on?
625:  Oh yeah I wo- I wore suspenders.
Interviewer:  You wore
625:  #1 wore #
Interviewer:  #2 su- # suspenders?
625:  I wore I wore one I bought one overall in my life {X}
Interviewer:  {NW}
625:  One overall.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  I'd wear it when I'd uh work around the house garden and things like that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  That's the only one of it {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um if you put maybe a sweater in hot water what would it do to the sweater?
625:  If it's wool it'll draw it out.
Interviewer:  Draw it up?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. You'd say um you'd say uh this shirt isn't uh you'd say the the sweater I washed yesterday
625:  Drawed up {X}
Interviewer:  Draw it up okay. Um what would you hold over you when it rained?
625:  An umbrella.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh a woman would wear around her wai- uh around her wrist she'd wear maybe a
625:  A wristwatch or a
Interviewer:  Yeah but if it was just for decoration?
625:  She'd just wear a a wristband or {D: whatever} {NW} rou- around it you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Did you ever call it a bracelet?
625:  Bracelet something
Interviewer:  Okay. And what would she use to carry her things in her you know her coins in when she was going somewhere?
625:  {X} you have a a purse or {D: you carry all of them}
Interviewer:  Okay. Mr Moran when a girl uh was going out to a party or going out somewhere you'd say something about her maybe wanting to look good or something like that what would you say she would do?
625:  how's that?
Interviewer:  Um If a girl had to go out to a party or she wanted to put on some good clothes what would you say she was doing?
625:  Well she's dressing up she's dressed up.
Interviewer:  Dressed up. Okay. Alright.
625:  {NW} And I'll tell you {X} you're not making it testing me for the government there see what the first {D: girl no} {NW}
Interviewer:  I wouldn't be asking you these questions if I was.
625:  {NW}
Interviewer:  I just ask you you know I just you know asking about things.
625:  Uh
Interviewer:  {D: You know kinda} Um now what was the last thing you put on a bed?
625:  Well you see you put it on a bed it'd be a a a quilt.
Interviewer:  Quilt? Uh-huh.
625:  Or or blanket now I use a I use a blanket blanket cuz on the uh {D: steel for the} blanket or it's spread over.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um well and you lie your head on what?
625:  Pillow.
Interviewer:  Did you ever have a long pillow that used to go all the way across the bed?
625:  Yes. {NW} my mother used to have something like that you know.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Did you have a name for it?
625:  Well it's been so long I don't know but I I bet she did but but I know it was uh mighty handy you you you had it it was as long as the pillow {X} bed was they didn't have no trouble to find a pillow.
Interviewer:  Yeah it just went it started on one end of the bed and went
625:  All the way across. Yeah.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  {D; Did you yeah} did you ever call it a bolster? Or
625:  And I I wouldn't remember but I I it it's been so long and my
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  If we got bigger then she'd be in the make pillows out of uh goose feather she'd pick 'em you know and uh scald 'em and then uh she made the pillows {X}
Interviewer:  Goose feathers?
625:  Yeah. She even had a a a a bed that was all made out of uh goose feathers. Pick 'em two or three times a year.
Interviewer:  Hmm.
625:  {D: Unfortunate.}
Interviewer:  Um what would you call you know maybe a makeshift bed on the floor that kids'd sleep on?
625:  Oh it they'd call that a pallet. I used to like to sleep on it when I was a kid that's what is {X} they'd lay down there, boy I could sleep better than I could in a bed {D: at night}
Interviewer:  That's why you grew so tall and straight?
625:  Maybe so.
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
625:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  How tall are you Mr Moran?
625:  Uh I think I'm about six-foot-one.
Interviewer:  You a tall man, I bet you were considered tall for your day.
625:  {NW} Yeah.
Interviewer:  Because I mean you know now I'm six-foot-seven.
625:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  But and I'm considered tall for my day but back in your day there weren't that many people taller than you.
625:  No. {D: No the} had a few or some of the {D: Bill} not too many, I went to school {D: Santa's Lodge} there's a a fella there and he was seven-foot-six I believe.
Interviewer:  #1 Seven-foot-six? #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 # He was all around athletic. everywhere he run he won and he was run and doing his
Interviewer:  Where was he from? Africa?
625:  No he I {D: knew knew uh} he was uh six-foot-seven, I said seven-foot-six.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 No # I had it backward. Six-foot-seven he was.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Yeah. That's pretty tall. I got a nephew a grandson {D: okay} he's six-foot-four there. May he just finished four-year college {X} got a scholarship from high school and then went to college four year play uh uh basketball.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  He got two more years to go you know, he wants to be a veterinarian.
Interviewer:  Um well uh could you tell me about uh all the can you tell me something about the geography of the area? You know what about the land and stuff like that.
625:  Well uh how you mean in the change uh {D: really} change it around here.
Interviewer:  No I I just wanna uh ask you some stuff about you know how the land uh what would you call parts of the land and and uh you know you'd have a name for a certain part of the land and then another part of the land depending on you know what was on the land or its elevation or or you know was there water standing in or things like that. Can you tell me about stuff like that?
625:  Well we have what they call here a rural land and and uh hill there
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And uh some things just uh we have uh places yellow and high where it's rigid a little bit and it's sandy, and when it rain it washes uh out you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And some and some places where it's uh low land and there's uh different soil uh where it not so sandy and won't wash away so bad and the they wash away a little not enough to hurt.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And it's it's good farming land as long as it's not too wet and when it dries it'll stand there and do uh stand more dry water than where it's sandy {X} black loam land they call it.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And uh this heavy uh it's hill and land and here it's sandy it washes back. It it does good and sometime you have uh if it washes too much you have to work it several time before you rub back the soil you see?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Several years.
Interviewer:  Okay you'd say land that was good land you'd say it was yeah
625:  It your land is not {X} too flat to it's it's just a little a little rolling to it. You know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {D: Never spot} green uh you find whether farm land. And if uh it's slope if that slope there little uh what is where it's it's hilly and uh uh ups and down the hill. I- it makes it bad to farm.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um w- what would you call that land, that low-lying grassland, did you have a name for it? Where you couldn't maybe raise anything?
625:  Uh they call that a f- a flat flat yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay um
625:  Yea- Cu- and and you can't absolute can't raise nothing in there. A place like that.
Interviewer:  Cuz it was it wha- what would it have in it?
625:  It it just uh uh uh there's there's no uh there's no soil in it at all {X} I don't know what it is it just a
Interviewer:  #1 Sand {D: dune} #
625:  #2 {X} # Not even sand, there wasn't no sand there's in it there there there's nothing there that grow anything, the people tried it you know?
Interviewer:  It's not uh not fertile?
625:  Not fertile. There was nothing fertile in it no. {D: And if you} put fertile in it it's got no foundation, it'd go right through {D: they want it} {X} It it wash out and seep in it does you know?
Interviewer:  I see.
625:  {D: Yea} there's no there's no uh subsoil on it to hold uh the the soil and the fertilizer you see?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what what did you call the uh what would you call a place that had water standing in it all the time? Maybe you know a place that just had water in it all the time?
625:  Uh you'd call that some of 'em a pond and some of 'em a spring {X} water comes out of a spring and then
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {X} # that's another place that uh #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah but this # this was maybe where it would rain and it would flood this area?
625:  Uh
Interviewer:  And uh you know they'd have grass and all sorts of stuff growing there but it it'd just be flooded all the time, what would you call that? Did you ever have a name for it?
625:  Well uh yeah we have somebody call it a branch you know? Something like that you know {D: a hollow}
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  But branches you know? Some some places.
Interviewer:  Alright. Um
625:  And you have place where they grow {X} they grow a lot of timber {D: and stuff} look like a hardwood and say you'd call it {X} you'd clean that up it's good farm land. {D: that's what it is} Good {D: barn up} there you see?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now can you tell me places about tell me about the places where water would flow. All the different names you'd have for the places where water would flow.
625:  Well there's uh uh uh creeks is one place they have {D: these days} creek and then these branches. And uh {D: slow pace} between the hill hills they have places uh run from one place to another and uh
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Mostly they have little what they call branches li- like {D: snooze snooze right there}
Interviewer:  Okay. If there's been a heavy rain maybe and uh the rain has cut a channel across a road or a field
625:  That'd be a wash-out {X} {X} it it does happen sometimes when they uh they'll have people {X} {NS} {D: call it} {D: they'll call it down} to refill it and use it for the {D: carpet and things for to clean the carpet you know}
Interviewer:  Okay. What if there was a deep narrow valley that was cut by one of those things, what would you call that?
625:  Well I guess they'd call that a a a a wash-out you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Or um what about what about {D: shallow arm of} the sea? Where uh the water would come in and flow out and flow in with the tide? Do you have a name for that?
625:  N- No {X} tide they usually have tide, tide rolls up and down the {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {D: And well it}
Interviewer:  yeah but these were little these were little places where you know the water might flow in and flow out again. Did you ever have a name for those?
625:  Uh no not that I know of I know they'll come up the water come up and fill in in some of these spots around there and then they'd go down there {D: hold at it} {X} mud hole I guess it {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what a- what about did you have any names for any different types of soil Mr Moran? Like I know you know in your in your days of uh of uh surveying lumber and things like that you must have taken a look at the types of soil you had.
625:  Oh yes well they had uh what they call uh {NW} uh sandy soil and heavy uh {D: loose} soil.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Black black soil you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X} this soil here uh you got out there uh when it dry the places it's right around here this place here you go out there it's it's {D: petty moisture}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  It's heavier {D: the new soil} will hold moisture {D: longer} {X} It's sandy soil uh on there {X} in Hancock County it was uh {NW} sandy soil it was some of the best soil in the country. But when it got too dry it it it it's bad on the anything you planted you see.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  It was wo- worst when the with the years when it get too dry.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh what would you call a little um narrow rise in the la- a little rise in the land? Did you have a name for that? Maybe a little place where the uh where land would kinda come up if there wasn't lowland you say the land was
625:  Uh uh it was uh highland or uh little ridge uh.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Ridge you know? Or hill they call it, some of 'em call a little hill a ridge.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now if you wanted to get water off a marsh you would you'd say they were, if they were getting water off the march you'd say they was doing what to the marsh?
625:  They was uh drained it.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 # They had gullies here places.
Interviewer:  And what what would you call the things that you dug to to do that?
625:  Well you'd dig ditches {C: tape distorts} {X} go out there with a machine and uh {C: tape distorts} {X} 'em. {C: tape distorts} And uh drag drag {C: tape distorts} {D: down in big holes} {C: tape distorts} They done that all over the coast yonder {C: tape distorts} around the big and {C: tape distorts} {D: rough} {C: tape distorts} {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. {C: tape distorts} Did you have a name Mr Moran for something that was higher {C: tape distorts}