Interviewer:  You don't know what a you ever heard of a cliff?
748:  Cliff.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  Yes I've heard of a cliff.
Interviewer:  Um. Now a place on the Washita maybe where boats stop and freight would be unloaded? That's a?
748:  Well we'd call that we used to call that let me see, manning Manning site or something about that.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  Yeah that think right now.
Interviewer:  Yeah? And you told me about you had been up in the mountains and seen places where water would come over.
748:  That's right.
Interviewer:  That's a what? That's a?
748:  Well uh I don't know what I wouldn't know what to call them all I know is there's water running.
Interviewer:  Yeah. That's something isn't it? Just to see that.
748:  Bet your eyes.
Interviewer:  What kind of what kind of sight is it?
748:  What kind of what?
Interviewer:  What kind of sight is it?
748:  It's just a wonderful sight to look at is all I know.
Interviewer:  A beau- uh.
748:  Beautiful. Course I'll tell you what um first time I went to California I went on the train. That's the thing and they have trains and {X} #1 {D: no one get on there can walk out.} #
Interviewer:  #2 Wait. # Where'd you catch a train?
748:  Here {D: in LA.}
Interviewer:  At the what?
748:  At I caught the train here the other way I headed for Richmond California. And moving along that train went out on places my own way up out of the way and went and some places you could see and in the summertime now and it surprised me {D: just to see Irish sugar around} {NW} Irish {X} there that was the one person I could see. Its so hot back there when we couldn't see couldn't know how to keep your clothes on. That train running around. And as I've said I've see water just running down and as I've said I've seen ice.
Interviewer:  Beautiful.
748:  Beautiful beautiful beautiful it was nice to look at.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um. Now after the roads were dirt first they were dirt and then they did what they?
748:  Well they first just dirt road then we'd put {D: crossleg.} Then the then the then they grated 'em up.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  Grated 'em up grated up you know. You see. And uh then they graveled 'em some of 'em. And with concrete.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  And so that's where you've ended. Cause I {D: at least I say while I was riding on} with that road out there wasn't no wasn't no bridge down there there wasn't no bridge or we're on the other side of the railroad.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  And there's a dirt road we'd just call that a dirt road leading out there or. {X}
Interviewer:  Now what do they what do they use to make that road out there?
748:  What's that?
Interviewer:  What do they use to make that road out there?
748:  Use to make it?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  Well they just use uh haul dirt and then build it up one thing. And then put gravel on top and pack it down put put gravel on top of it.
Interviewer:  And then what did they put on top of that?
748:  Well I'll t- it's concrete {NW} they really did put concrete.
Interviewer:  That's not concrete though that's that black tar uh.
748:  Uh listen concrete's out there in that road now I I'll tell you out here they got over here they got a stuff that's called up here they got it on this new they call uh what they call that stuff?
Interviewer:  Tar?
748:  Yes and out of a tar they call it. What's what is {D: old sand say that} {D: I have sand on the concrete on that over out there.} That out there right there.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  Which you go up here now before you get up here to the store you know and it's just what it make it you know all up there about the church. They got it we we all I know you just call it blacktop.
Interviewer:  Blacktop? Asphalt?
748:  Yeah asphalt now now now asphalt now asphalt. Asphalt.
Interviewer:  Um now a little road that would go off from the main road?
748:  Well we'd call it settlement roads. Call them settlement roads lately. You can go to place and place and place settlement road the main road.
Interviewer:  Yeah. When you turn off to go to a man's house? You go to the? Like this here is your what? This is your?
748:  Mm well I don't really know it how far I'm down. {D: Dixon to the road and turn to the right} is all I know.
Interviewer:  And that's my? #1 It's? #
748:  #2 Way to go to that house #
Interviewer:  #1 And that's my? #
748:  #2 {D: boy.} #
Interviewer:  This road here is your what is your?
748:  This this road here {X} this little old {X} here is just my little side road to my to my house.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Side road?
748:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now say you were walking back down to the to the um to the uh back pasture down there what would you use?
748:  Anybody #1 leave that? #
Interviewer:  #2 How would # how would you get back down there?
748:  Well I'll tell you if if I leave here walking now and and uh.
Interviewer:  You go out on the back what?
748:  #1 I'd have to go out on the back. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh. #
748:  Get out of the yard. Cut out across the woods out for cut the field made a field so far. {NS} Get out of the field and the field run out get out into the woods and go all the way there.
Interviewer:  Is there a place you can walk on?
748:  No just walk on the ground that's all.
Interviewer:  Where you had cattle was there a was there a place that they walked that they could get somewhere?
748:  You said cattle?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  Now they had trails they'd pat out trails you see. And we'd call 'em cow trails hog trails.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  You see. {NW} To go to s- to go to certain sites that they like to graze on you see.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  And uh I've seen trails that even go to folks's houses you know and near may have been I said uh near where you he says well now its a trail its not a road.
Interviewer:  {NW}
748:  But he take a wagon on that but his trail is a space you can walk. A trail just beat out. And that's where your cattle you know they go from one loc- place in there. {X} And uh sometime they {D: you let 'em lift} and there's trails everywhere.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh the male in a herd of cattle is called a?
748:  A male of a a a bull?
Interviewer:  Yeah. And the female is a? Does she have a?
748:  A heifer.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Did you have one that you milked a?
748:  Yeah oh I had a milk cow.
Interviewer:  Milk cow.
748:  When she find that whenever she'd find calf in other words she had been {NW} bred to a bull.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  After that so many months I did know the months but I don't know it now. Then she'd have that calf that calf would develop in that heifer's body. And I have seen times just before that calf got ready to was born you could see that just see see it see it moving around in that {X} somehow. Same way about a child. A woman got a baby. Have a baby in her. Well uh sometimes people see and feel that baby moving around. Sometimes we see it. Then when that cow gets ready to have that calf she said you go out there somewhere and lay down.
Interviewer:  #1 She goes in the woods? #
748:  #2 {D: Uh complete.} # And when the calf when she have the calf she'd get up and she bit that calf. Lick him off you see. Give him a little bump get up before you get up and get out. {NW}
Interviewer:  She goes to the woods when she's gonna?
748:  What's that?
Interviewer:  A cow'll go to the woods when she's gonna drop when she's gonna.
748:  Well.
Interviewer:  Drop a calf? #1 Like that? #
748:  #2 That's the truth uh # Yes sir, that's the truth unless they're shut up somewhere. They go to the woods. They would just get better out there. They'd go out in the woods somewhere and drop that calf. Now unless you have 'em shut up. Cause if you have 'em shut up in a pasture or in a in a cow pen or something like that a cow lock something like that they have to have a Can you imagine like {X} Okay. Folks are there and now we a-ain't got a no place for a cow up if they got a cow. Uh that calf just have to have it that cow just have to have their calf right there in my in the yard or the little cow pen things.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Now when you didn't wanna uh well now the horses you had did you raise did you have horses?
748:  Well horses well take a horse well a stud horse.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  And you have the unspayed say to grow up a c- a colt and that colt's a stud in in other words a male colt. And as long as that colt wasn't cut them nuts wasn't and in other words his seed wasn't took out. And when he grew up you when when the horse got to cutting up that is when you could tell that you come in heat you know. You'd carry that horse to that stud and that horse would cover and uh when she'd have that colt w-when she'd have that colt you know if it's a horse it'd be a horse colt. Alright.
Interviewer:  You breed a stallion #1 to a? #
748:  #2 Now listen. # And now listen if you want a if you want a mule folks have a we call 'em jacks see? Breed that {D: cow} that have a horse to a jack a mare to a jack a new jack. And then when that comes why he's a little be a little mule.
Interviewer:  Yeah? Yep. Did you like to uh ride horses?
748:  I used to I used to like to ride horses. I liked to ride horses then.
Interviewer:  Did you do it much?
748:  What's that?
Interviewer:  You do it much?
748:  I used to ride right smart on a daily basis you know it's a part of my life.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  I rode 'em bareback and I rode with saddles on.
Interviewer:  Now. Uh did you ever see them big ol' animals that looked like that looked like a a bull? That they used to pull wagons with?
748:  Uh you talking about the elephant?
Interviewer:  Huh?
748:  You talking about the elephant?
Interviewer:  No. No them big ol' animals they look like bulls. They might they might pull pull uh horses. Some of 'em look like bulls and they might pull a pull a wagon. They have a yoke?
748:  Well uh now we call them oxens now. But uh like when you pull a wagon put the yokes on o- cows.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  And uh uh have yokes on them two cows and they'd have one on one side and one on that and and and a chain in there That's what we called 'em oxens then.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  But they'd be cows.
Interviewer:  A yoke or a yoke of two would be called a? Two two hitched together would be a?
748:  Well if it'd be it just a double yoke of oxen.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh two mules hitched together would be a?
748:  Uh
Interviewer:  You'd say you had a?
748:  We'd have a a a team. Hooked together.
Interviewer:  Yeah that'd be a what? A team would be?
748:  Well a team a team of mules or a team of horses or whatever they are hook it to your wagon and go on.
Interviewer:  Um. Now you you talked about the male the bull did you did women ever have another name for it? Did they? Would you would polite would women use a polite name for a male cow? For a bull?
748:  Let me see.
Interviewer:  Or would they say that word?
748:  I'm just wondering about a bull well.
Interviewer:  #1 Did you ever have #
748:  #2 Sometime sometime um # sometime maybe they'd say male just to say uh didn't say a bull just say a male is all I know.
Interviewer:  Yeah? Did you ever have a a did you ever have one?
748:  I've had {D: no son I never have.} Never raised a bull never had no bull I always took my cows somewhere else or they'll say bulls used to run in the woods.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  With the other cow.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  But if it didn't why you had to take your cow to somebody to have a bull have her bred.
Interviewer:  Did did you ever uh you said you liked to break horses did you ever break 'em?
748:  Yes sir I've broke my two in my life. And they tough to break old {X} said they'd jump cut up and push one thing another but just keep on keeping on patting 'em. If they didn't come on down in other words and let 'em know you mean for 'em to do something don't let him a loose. Just let him know you mean for him to pull this and {NW} I've had 'em run backups on him in all sorts of ways.
Interviewer:  Backwards?
748:  {D: Horse and drawn} mule its not gonna j-just {D: run back and make sure the plow} have him on a plow just sometimes he gets run all back up over the side every kind of way sure you know just back up with your {X} don't know if you'd want to call it running or backing up for you.
Interviewer:  And then you'd go?
748:  Well when you when he uh it'd sometime it try to make 'em jump over the plow but when he come now to the point to where you me he he know you he must do what you want him to do he just come on down just warn you just guide him where you want to go.
Interviewer:  He'd go which way?
748:  {D: With the} with lines plow had lines on it.
Interviewer:  You'd say you go forward?
748:  What's that?
Interviewer:  You'd say he'd go backwards and then he'd go?
748:  Well it I mean when you're breaking 'em sometimes some of 'em would would break it by the way.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah? #
748:  #2 Curve all sort of ways on you. # Where stomp on his feet in all sort of ways.
Interviewer:  They'd jump backwards maybe?
748:  That's right jump on he'd run backwards.
Interviewer:  And then r- go real fast?
748:  Run fast in every #1 {D: corner.} #
Interviewer:  #2 Pull? #
748:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
748:  Power the back ups are powered.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  See?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Now what kind of animals did you have right here that would bark a lot? Did you have a? #1 Did you? #
748:  #2 Well # dogs.
Interviewer:  Did you have a lot of dogs?
748:  I've had dogs. Dogs'll bark.
Interviewer:  What kind do you know about?
748:  Now what'd you say there?
Interviewer:  What kind of dogs do you know about?
748:  Well we had a we called it bulldog we had a hound. We had and uh and uh we called them rabbit dog. Shepherds. Shepherd dogs.
Interviewer:  What about them w- them them mixed breeds?
748:  I don't know about them.
Interviewer:  You ever see them ol' mixed breed dogs?
748:  I don't know about that.
Interviewer:  You just call them a? Or them little ol' small and yappy dogs?
748:  Well I've seen lot of them and I don't know what to call 'em.
Interviewer:  #1 They're? #
748:  #2 In other words # I've had a feist now a feist would be a little bitty dog. If we counted the feist. Maybe go {D: and roam door} and live and live and live {X} he he never grow to be big that's like we call that a feist.
Interviewer:  Yeah? And what about that do you ever see that kind of dog with a yellow mange in his skin color and some of 'em have glass eyes?
748:  I've seen it but I don't know what to #1 call it. #
Interviewer:  #2 Call 'em a cur or? #
748:  That may be a cur dog that people got.
Interviewer:  What about a Catahoula dog?
748:  I don't know anything about that.
Interviewer:  You never heard of that Catahoula hound?
748:  Never cause I I see a lot of dogs and see a lot of different dogs around town but I don't know what what you call 'em.
Interviewer:  Did you ever have a mean dog?
748:  Mean dog? Sure. {D: And he moves here and says} uh he'd bite. And scratch you now now I would have him with me if anybody come up out there. It it'd sure bite 'em unless you less you fought him off. Then I've had I've had dogs that if he if he's run out there to something uh come back here. And he stopped. Trained dog to do that. Then if I wanted to get up. {NW} {NW} Catch 'em catch 'em catch 'em {NW} {D: it's usually something we forgot.} But when you want him to come out get that come back here come back here come back.
Interviewer:  Have you ever gotten dog have you ever had a dog come after you?
748:  Sure I've had I know I had. {X} That dog tell you what I had a dog once I was going on the road uh and some folks there right side the road well they had a biting dog there. And that dog would run out and he'd come out at me and I went to him. I went to run I didn't have enough to bite him yet I was running and I fell down. And that dog hadn't when he he straddled me. That's what he done he'd run here's what he done. He just he twist his mouth on my arm just that bare {D: wrist.} And I got that dog a-loose you see I run my finger in and thumb in that h- dog's mouth and just clenched his tongue so hard against his You know down sharp. That's where it got. {X} {NS} There other folks you see who happened to see it you know and they come out hollered at him come back here.
Interviewer:  But he?
748:  But he got I fell down and then he run he overtook me when I fell down.
Interviewer:  And you got he bit?
748:  He he bit me.
Interviewer:  You got?
748:  I've seen a man I've seen a man walk on me me and a man was walking on the road my brother-in-law we ran across him. And he said he's up here. {X} But I did the dog {D: corner round} I'm not watching him this is what he's gonna do. {NW} {D: he had gone along} The man had a had {NW} that dog's run up and on him. Tore a big hole in his pants.
Interviewer:  {NW}
748:  That's the truth.
Interviewer:  {NW} That taught him didn't it? {NW} #1 {NW} #
748:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
748:  #2 That taught #
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
748:  #2 I've seen that. #
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
748:  #2 {D: I've got} #
Interviewer:  {NW}
748:  {X} And he and that man were going round by no man's house by the name of. {B}
Interviewer:  {NW}
748:  He got a bad biting dog. Yeah that dog if he just come and god bless he'd come out them well I just kept walking the dog. {X} #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
748:  #1 But he wanted to he oh oh he was I was gonna go #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
748:  and that dog {NW} god bless your soul that's tore a hole in his pants.
Interviewer:  He got dog?
748:  Got dog bit.
Interviewer:  Dog bit?
748:  {NW} #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 Did did you have # to go to the doctor after you got?
748:  I mean he no he didn't he didn't get bit bad enough for that. Biggest thing that dog jump in was a tore tore a big hole in his pants.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Now maybe when you were walking along a gravel road you if your dog came at you you would? #1 You did what? #
748:  #2 That would get # I'd get a get a gravel and throw it at him.
Interviewer:  You'd pick up a?
748:  S- A rock.
Interviewer:  And?
748:  Chunk it.
Interviewer:  Chunk at it?
748:  Or a stick. Try and get a hold of a stick or anything.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Hmm. If a dog he might be coming straight? You'd say he wasn't going away from you he was coming straight?
748:  Straight to you?
Interviewer:  Toward-?
748:  Towards you?
Interviewer:  Is that your word?
748:  I'll straight at him?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  Are you really?
Interviewer:  Boy that's a that's a scary feeling.
748:  Well yeah. Going straight after him going say and said he don't he he don't if you don't stop him some way or another or somebody don't stop him.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  He'll get you cause and as I said a while ago {D: dogs of good mind and} {D: honor} See going and run and they'll say come back here he'll stop.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  Didn't have to stop him yourself basically if he cut out running.
Interviewer:  Yeah? Now talking about a horse if you couldn't stay on you'd say I fell?
748:  Well I just said well my horse throwed me. That's what he {X} next he throwed me.
Interviewer:  Yeah or I fell?
748:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  I I did what I fell?
748:  Well I I yeah you'd say I fell but I'd just say my my horse throwed me that's all I'm gonna say all everybody is gonna say.
Interviewer:  Yeah but when you were young have you ever fell?
748:  Fell off my horse?
Interviewer:  Huh?
748:  Fell from a horse?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  Sure I have.
Interviewer:  Fell off?
748:  That's right.
Interviewer:  You'd say you fell what? Fell off?
748:  Fell off the horse that's right.
Interviewer:  Um.
748:  But of course if you throwed me off you I didn't just ride {X} pull off before you got some cutting up or something like that. {NW}
Interviewer:  Now uh {C: Clock begins chiming and keeps chiming until 21m01s} say a little child went to sleep and uh in bed and he woke up and found himself on the floor in the morning what would he say he'd say I must've?
748:  Well well fell out of the bed.
Interviewer:  Fell out of the bed right. I noticed you had a out there on your front porch as you come up the come up the steps you had?
748:  A horseshoe?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  {NW}
Interviewer:  What was that for?
748:  Well I just an old saying I've heard folks say that is good luck.
Interviewer:  What?
748:  A horseshoe. Uh good luck. Now that's all that I know about. You know the uh one person uh once told me I meant to try to keep the {D: hoodoos off.} But I never thought about that I just heard it was good luck.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  You see. Good luck good luck.
Interviewer:  Did you ever play that game? You'd you'd play that game you stick a {D: starbuck} in the ground and you'd?
748:  Well sure throw a horseshoe at it you know and and that horseshoe you throw it around that horseshoe hook around it that way why you'd there'd be a reason they would sometimes fall.
Interviewer:  Yeah. You'd call that game?
748:  Mm the horseshoe game is all I know.
Interviewer:  Horseshoes?
748:  Mm that's the only way I know.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Did you ever have to nail them in?
748:  Did you ever what?
Interviewer:  You'd put them in the what?
748:  Put 'em in what?
Interviewer:  You'd nail 'em in the horse's?
748:  Oh yeah put 'em uh put a horse shoe on it put his shoes on it shoe a horse. Shoe your horse.
Interviewer:  You'd put one on all four of his?
748:  Yeah put one on all four of his. Shoe your horse.
Interviewer:  Yeah nail 'em in the what?
748:  Nail 'em into the hoof.
Interviewer:  Yeah. A horse has four?
748:  He got four legs.
Interviewer:  Four?
748:  He needs four feet you know.
Interviewer:  Yeah but you gotta put
748:  You got to put you got to put that
Interviewer:  Four
748:  What's that? Them?
Interviewer:  Four horseshoes?
748:  On that horse you know. And nail 'em on there and that nail fits into the hoof that's what holds it on there.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
748:  #2 {D: A hoof where that holds.} #
Interviewer:  Yeah. You gotta put shoes on all four?
748:  All four feet.
Interviewer:  Four hoo-?
748:  Four hooves if you want to call it.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Now you told me you used to raise sheep?
748:  {D: Says what?}
Interviewer:  Or you didn't raise sheep?
748:  No yeah.
Interviewer:  But the male sheep is called a? You ever remember what they call them?
748:  Well um I'm just thinking what do they call a male sheep now? Maybe call it I just don't I don't know
Interviewer:  #1 You know what the female's called? #
748:  #2 what. # It's just female and male is all I know.
Interviewer:  Yeah? The yo or the buck?
748:  And I haven't.
Interviewer:  Ewe?
748:  Oh a a male and the female billy goat {D: be and the male.}
Interviewer:  A what? Billy?
748:  A billy goat I said is just a male and a female you know.
Interviewer:  Yes sir. Uh now the the tal- tell me about your hogs.
748:  My what?
Interviewer:  Your hogs.
748:  Hogs?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  Well hogs I've raised 'em. Only ways I ever raised 'em I'd say in the woods. And uh they'd raised fine raised off out in the woods and they'd come up.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  Every so often and I'd go out and feed 'em and let 'em know this is home. {D: That'll teach 'em to come home.} Well if I want my hogs to come up and uh I couldn't uh if I didn't see 'em out there I'd be going {D: whoo whoo pig. Whoo pig.} See? Here he come. Like I'm gonna call my cow {D: soo-cow soo-cow.}
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  All about meaning see?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  He'll see come on now.
Interviewer:  How would you call sheep up?
748:  Well I never I never did sheep I told you I never raised no #1 sheep. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
748:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
748:  I never raised no goats neither.
Interviewer:  Yeah? Now a hog that's been that's been uh if you didn't want a hog to grow up to be a?
748:  Boar hog?
Interviewer:  Yeah. You did what?
748:  You'd castrate him.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Yeah you'd say #1 you you uh? #
748:  #2 And then that sow # if you didn't want her if you don't didn't want to have pigs spay her. See?
Interviewer:  Yeah one of the the one that uh the one that was spayed was a what?
748:  Well the spayed you just have all I know is just spayed with a knife. Just cut a hole and and take them little things out and throw 'em away.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  Cut a hole That'd spay it. Cut a hole in her spayed it. That's a that's a a sow.
Interviewer:  Yeah? Now what about a? #1 li-? #
748:  #2 A bull # now a bull you see you'd cut his seeds out.
Interviewer:  Yeah and then he'd be a what?
748:  He'd be a he he you'd cut him into well all I know is just he called 'em boar or one of a bar yeah. Mm yeah.
Interviewer:  Um. ms B-T what what about them little ones that you said once they were they were a little bigger than pigs you'd call 'em a?
748:  Well um {D: shoats}
Interviewer:  Male?
748:  Yeah shoat. Male shoats are male.
Interviewer:  What about a female?
748:  Well just {D: same thing about them.} #1 Get a male hog #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah? #
748:  or a male um um a male hog or a.
Interviewer:  What was a gilt?
748:  Well a gilt a gilt might say was an unspayed uh sow pig or something a hog.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  Sow.
Interviewer:  Um. Now what do they have on their back?
748:  Hog their hair? They have their hair on their backs you know of course and uh and of course you know hog have a I call it {X} they call it going right up and down their back. And you've you've seen hogs make make 'em stand up and then they bring 'em down.
Interviewer:  Yeah? Um you you ever seen them wild hogs? The ones that come up wild?
748:  Well. #1 they won't no I never seen a wild #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
748:  only only raised right in the woods and there there was uh I've come {X} because um he just go up in the woods and uh but since they were hogs you know and you of course I'd wait for the man who once had 'em all he'd go in the woods and catch up them wild hogs with their pigs and spay 'em.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  You see? Catch them little male pigs up and cut 'em you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  And if the time comes and that they just stay in the woods until the time comes to you'd say hog killing time we called it. I've seen 'em get beat and fettered along the way {D: no you know} of uh acorns you know you'd have all sort of acorns and all sorts of stuff like that {X} they're gonna have it now. And I said I've seen 'em come up by the butcher {X} my goodness alive. And uh.
Interviewer:  You called 'em?
748:  Well you just its a mill kill 'em in a mill. Kill 'em yeah. And uh you'd kill 'em while you got the hair of of 'em scald 'em. A big pot of water. Pour it in a barrel or something. Stick him in there. Pull the hair off of him. Hang him up cut his guts out. See?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  And then when you cut his guts out and then after that you hang him up and then he and I mean pour water in him wash him out. Let him hang there a little while. You go to take him down then you cut him up.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  {X}
Interviewer:  What would you do with the meat from the? Well. Um. Now a a hog that's grown up wild would you have any names for them?
748:  Oh um that would that be just wild hog is all I know.
Interviewer:  Yeah. And uh then they had them big ol''?
748:  We call eyeteeth. Tusks its tusks teeth. {D: I think that's what it's called.}
Interviewer:  Eyeteeth?
748:  Yeah eyeteeth. But I've seen in that's what that's what their That's what their tail would be. {X} Rip the guts out there you know?
Interviewer:  Teach it with one of the?
748:  People. About uh {X} {D: before silo} a grown row got a few see you got teeth sticking out and that's the way you fight them. Fight anything {X} a hog or anything you just they {D: yup yup.} {NW}
Interviewer:  Out of one of them razorbacks?
748:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Now when you got a hog manned his his hair would do what it would?
748:  Well when you he he bristles. He raise his mane he raise his bristles up.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  {NW}
Interviewer:  You ever have one come after you?
748:  Sure sure. Uh. In in the wilder we just find them wild over there but on them wood ways out they sometimes they do that they watch.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Watch.
748:  Same same thing about you have a dog you have a dog you gotta train him uh uh {D: bait 'em with} {D: bait them hogs.} You see them running around they had their bristles up you know? {NW} {D: Damn true.} I seen a dog run yeah I seen a hog run at the dog once the man had that's a fine hunting dog there. That on this side isn't it? You just stay on that dog's side.
Interviewer:  Um. Now when you when you separate the uh calf from uh from its mother it would go to do a you'd say the calf would begin to? Start doing what? Start the?
748:  Well uh {D: do we} have we got a big enough you mean when they when they when they would {X} the calf?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh well when you were weaning a calf #1 you'd start? #
748:  #2 Oh oh now yeah. #
Interviewer:  #1 #
748:  #2 # When you wean the calf the old saying say you keep the calf {NW} you keep that calf away from that cow separate from the cow.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  And don't let that cow and calf get together.
Interviewer:  And he starts?
748:  And and then that cow it'll go dry cause the calf just keeps growing now.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  Until he and he have uh Finally you keep weaning off of the cow until they get real big things sometimes they never try to suck that cow no more and I've seen great big ol' uh yep yeah there's something like that.
Interviewer:  Now uh the noise a cow makes you'd say he'd start to?
748:  What's that?
Interviewer:  He'd start what? He'd start to?
748:  You mean for? {X}
Interviewer:  What he'd start making when you weaned him.
748:  Well u-uh.
Interviewer:  He'd start {NW} he'd start #1 what doing what? #
748:  #2 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #1 #
748:  #2 #
Interviewer:  {NW} Say he began to
748:  Well if you you you you wanna wean 'em {D: and caught in a} {X} in a later haul on till they got quiet. Yeah. {NW}
Interviewer:  Start to do-doing #1 what would you? #
748:  #2 Calf. #
Interviewer:  #1 {D: Belt?} #
748:  #2 Yeah. # Yeah.
Interviewer:  Start bellowing?
748:  That's right.
Interviewer:  Bleating?
748:  Bleating yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh now when you have your you know uh a gentle noise a horse would make when you fed him. You'd say the horse began to? {NW}
748:  Well. {NW}
Interviewer:  Start what?
748:  Another word that be the thing I know when I have a horse I want something to eat and he see you coming as you comes across he look down at the crib {X} and he just hungry he goes. {NW} #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 It begin # they begin to what?
748:  Well he he nicker at me here he wants you to come bring him bring him something to eat.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Now a cow when you start feeding they'll begin to?
748:  That cow. {NW}
Interviewer:  #1 Same? #
748:  #2 Out on the lawn you know # she gets hungry or gets uh sometimes she goes to her calf sometimes he's hungry for water or something like that. She goes. {NW}
Interviewer:  Now the gentle noise it would make when you were feeding him he'd begin to {NW} Do say mooing?
748:  Well it was feeding of course um.
Interviewer:  You know late in the evening the might be late in the evening and you'd be over at your n- over at at your neighbor's here and you'd come in and you'd say uh well goodness uh you'd hear all the horses and the mules and the cows and so forth start clamoring and you'd say ah it's getting right on I'd better go I didn't realize it was so late its its getting about?
748:  Feeding time that stuff.
Interviewer:  Feeding time.
748:  Yeah feeding time.
Interviewer:  I gotta go feed the?
748:  Yeah I got to go feed my stock. #1 I said #
Interviewer:  #2 Wh- #
748:  stock I feed my cow, horse, or whatever it is.
Interviewer:  Okay what if you had a lot of hens, turkeys, #1 geese, and so forth? #
748:  #2 Well that would # um
Interviewer:  #1 You got? #
748:  #2 Well people go to # {X} 'em.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah? #
748:  #2 And um #
Interviewer:  you gotta go feed the?
748:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now where do you keep your chickens?
748:  Chickens well we have uh we made the little houses.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
748:  #2 Give 'em ways # you know some of 'em just lived in this old kind of a black shack you know just go and you could why you could shut 'em up in there. Couldn't get out. We called it a chicken house.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  We had different ways of making cause we'd make they'd have make roosting poles put roosting place and so they'd get on something to roost on.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Hey do you got maybe just a little place where chickens can run in and out of the range?
748:  #1 Well now #
Interviewer:  #2 The chicks? #
748:  Chicks that's right.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  Chicken chicken coop.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Now a hen on a nest of eggs is a? Is called a?
748:  Setting hen?
Interviewer:  Setting hen. Um now uh how do you call your cows when you get them in into the field? Or your calves?
748:  How you call 'em? Well they would call all the calves by soo-calf soo-calf soo-calf if he wants a calf.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  And I'm working on a cow {D: sook sook sook.}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  See?
Interviewer:  Um did you have a way you would you would talk to your mules or your horses when you were plowing?
748:  Well gee haw and those horses {NW} one would go to the right hard haw. One of them would go to the le- uh left. Left haw uh left say haw and if you wanna go to the right gee.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  You see. And you get a horse trained and you do that {X} you sat down he knows it. Haw. Gee. Get up there! Wanted to go go whoa when to stop.
Interviewer:  What did you say when you when you get on got on a horse and you first wanted to take off?
748:  Get up there I said.
Interviewer:  {NW} You do that?
748:  Well sometimes yeah.
Interviewer:  How would you call him in from the field?
748:  In the field?
Interviewer:  From the field? Say he was out in the field would you call him in?
748:  Well I don't I don't know call a horse I don't know if I'd call in a horse. {NW}
Interviewer:  You'd say co or something like that? #1 Or you'd? #
748:  #2 Yeah that's right. # {X} {D: Coop coop.}
Interviewer:  Yeah. Okay. How would you call your pigs when you're feeding 'em?
748:  Piggy piggy piggy.
Interviewer:  Okay. And your chickens when you were feeding them you'd say?
748:  Chick chick chick.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Now um if you wanted to get the horses ready to go somewhere you'd say you were? You were doing what you were?
748:  Well I'm catching my uh and harnessing up my horse. Harnessing up my wagon.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  And my. {NW}
Interviewer:  In your wagon you hold on to the?
748:  Line. Get 'em in the line.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay and so? #
748:  #2 Line that # line like that's the guy that pull that horse whichever way you wanted to carry your wagon.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh now say you had four horses to a wagon the ones in the front are the?
748:  {X} Well they're leading the wagon is all I know. Uh.
Interviewer:  And then the ones in the back are the?
748:  In the back yeah. You have four on the wagon.
Interviewer:  If you have two horses the one on the left #1 is called #
748:  #2 If its just just two horse wagon # why one on the right and one on the left you see. And have 'em hooked up in singletree double singletree. One big singletree right there go across that town and another one put them hangings were supposed to hang on that horse.
Interviewer:  Yeah. When you're riding a horse horseback what do you put your feet in it?
748:  Stirrups.
Interviewer:  And you hold onto the?
748:  Hold on the bridle.
Interviewer:  The bridle? What?
748:  Bridle {X} and the bridle's on the bits you see in their mouth.
Interviewer:  Yeah do you have something that comes back from the bridle to hold on to?
748:  Well #1 uh. #
Interviewer:  #2 The rein? # The lines or the?
748:  Well nothing just just a just a line just uh.
Interviewer:  Bridle?
748:  Bridle's all I know.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay.
748:  Whether you whether you're riding bareback or or you have a saddle on but I rode 'em both ways.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  Rode 'em without a saddle and I rode 'em with a saddle on. Without a saddle of course you'd get up on that horse and uh and uh check if {X} {NW} come {X} {NW} sounds like that.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um now something if something wasn't real near a can you'd say its just a little? Just a little? What little what over?
748:  Well.
Interviewer:  Like uh you might say uh?
748:  A left door?
Interviewer:  No. Talking about El Dorado's not far from here it's just a? It ain't far from here it's just a what? Just a?
748:  Oh just a little distant I'd say a little distant.
Interviewer:  Just a small just a little little piece uh? It ain't a? Now if you've been traveling and you hadn't finished your journey you might say you had to go before dark you had to go uh? You've still got a what to go?
748:  Well I uh well I had to go have a if I was gonna say that I'd say well I'm gonna have to go so I can get home before it gets dark. It's all I know.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  Gotta leave here early.
Interviewer:  Its still a? Say you've been traveling all day you might say uh we still got a? A what to go? Still got a?
748:  Well been traveling all day why {X} just say well uh well one day it one day it out day it just out. #1 {D: And got me memorial.} #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. # Yeah. You got to say you got to get to Little Rock and you might've just barely made it to Pine Bluff and you're gonna say we got before dark we got to go a? We got a what to go we got a? A fur?
748:  Transfer?
Interviewer:  A fur piece or?
748:  Yeah. Well I know I got to go further up
Interviewer:  A long ways?
748:  A long ways you have to get to Little Rock.
Interviewer:  Okay. You might say we still got a?
748:  Yeah. Still well a good dist- further still got some so much further to go maybe we got a mile or two to go. Uh two miles or whatever it is. Maybe a quarter of a mile sometimes.
Interviewer:  Yeah? When you were riding in your wagon say you were going up to Norphlet uh or when you were traveling through another town so then you'd pass somebody on the road and you'd ask 'em? What?
748:  Well if I passed somebody on the road.
Interviewer:  How?
748:  I just uh in other words I just turn just get on one side of the road and they're on the other and if I want to say anything as I pass them you'd say hello how you are? {NW}
Interviewer:  Huh?
748:  Just say hello how you doing? H-how you going or something like that if I wanna speak to 'em.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
748:  #2 {NW} # If we're just passing 'em and if we pass 'em I said after one stop I said wait a minute.
Interviewer:  If it was a friend what would you ask them then?
748:  Maybe I'd say pull in and I'll talk to you or something like that.
Interviewer:  You might see a friend in your wag- in your wagon as you're going by you'd say
748:  Hey friend hello there!
Interviewer:  What would you ask him?
748:  {NS} How're you feeling? {NS}
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
748:  #2 {NW} # Like that.
Interviewer:  How are you doing?
748:  Yeah yeah.
Interviewer:  How are you?
748:  Yeah that's right. Good morning what how are you feeling how are you doing? {X}
Interviewer:  Anything else? How are you?
748:  Yeah that's what we say that we use that word sometimes if we can.
Interviewer:  What?
748:  They'll say I well I repeat 'em and all through the day. {NS} Uh how was last night or something like that.
Interviewer:  Okay.
748:  I repeat at night.
Interviewer:  How're you doing?
748:  How're you doing now?
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. Um now uh if something's very common and you didn't have to look around for it you'd say you can find that just about?
748:  Go anywhere out there. Climb out there anywhere you can find it.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Like uh you can see a pine tree just about? Around here just about? Any? Where?
748:  What'd you say?
Interviewer:  You can find a pine tree just about?
748:  Oh you'll find pines around here you can find pine trees around here most anywhere is what I'd say.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Now a chi- a crying child might say uh he was eating candy and he didn't give me? You know?
748:  I I want some more or something like that.
Interviewer:  He didn't give me?
748:  Didn't give me enough or I want gimme some more.
Interviewer:  #1 Any? #
748:  #2 Gimme a piece of that candy gimme some more. #
Interviewer:  He ate all the candy and he didn't give me?
748:  Well if he.
Interviewer:  Didn't give me what of it #1 didn't give me? #
748:  #2 {D: That don't} # {D: sense if you} {X} yeah I've got something give me another.
Interviewer:  You can gimme another one.
748:  {NW} That's all. {NW}
Interviewer:  Were you the oldest or the youngest uh?
748:  I
Interviewer:  Were you the oldest son or the youngest or?
748:  I don't.
Interviewer:  Of the children what were you?
748:  Oh I wasn't the no I wasn't the oldest I would I'd I'd say I was about the middle son. Middle middle middle m-middle. {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah. Do you have a lot of people beating on you whooping on you all the time?
748:  I thought I yeah yeah yeah that's right.
Interviewer:  Huh? Who's that coming up there that?
748:  That my my son's he's going to work out there in my garden. Just in the garden.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um.
748:  My grandson.
Interviewer:  Your grandson?
748:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Now uh the uh when you when you killed a chicken um did you did you have that piece that kids would like to to eat um? That they'd break it in two
748:  #1 like this? #
Interviewer:  #2 Well that's called a #
748:  called a um let me see me now. It ain't the collarbone I don't know what it's called. Oh sh- I forget what they call it I like that piece of chicken myself.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  It's quick piece of chicken on break them #1 down. #
Interviewer:  #2 They used to # try to pull it apart didn't they?
748:  That's right I can't think right now what to call it.
Interviewer:  Call it the pulley bone?
748:  Yeah my. {X}
Interviewer:  Wishbone?
748:  Yeah now that's wishbone.
Interviewer:  Yeah? And uh did you do you remember any story about that that bone? Did the?
748:  Well I have well I can't think of it now I have seen little pieces about all that #1 yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 When they broke # that bone was there a story about it? Did somebody get?
748:  Well.
Interviewer:  Who got the bigger end? What would happen to them?
748:  Oh I'd go oh he got the best part of it. {NW} #1 That's the thing that they wanted. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. # Uh do you ever eat the inside parts of the chicken?
748:  What's that?
Interviewer:  The inside parts of the chicken #1 what do you call them? #
748:  #2 That that # well the gizzard.
Interviewer:  And the and?
748:  The heart the kidneys.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Or the inside parts of a calf or a pig you might eat?
748:  Well in a cow you eat his entrails and you call 'em the maw. And uh.
Interviewer:  The what?
748:  Uh the maw. That that's that's a big part about that he gets the food in first.
Interviewer:  The maw?
748:  The maw. Then if he's going back to another thing we call that chitterling yup what we call a chitterling. And uh and then there's some part of them guts we gotta eat 'em.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  {X}
Interviewer:  You ever eat haslets? What are haslets?
748:  Haslets?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  Hash made out of chicken liver uh any kind of liver.
Interviewer:  How would you make it?
748:  Well just cut it up take your take your liver we'll make a liver {D: uh like a bit of a} hash. Just cut the both of 'em up together.
Interviewer:  The lights and the?
748:  And the and the and the liver the yellow and
Interviewer:  #1 Different lights? #
748:  #2 {X} # and then cook 'em both together.
Interviewer:  And you have 'em what liver and lights?
748:  Hash.
Interviewer:  What do you cook uh what do you cut up?
748:  That really light hash
Interviewer:  Yeah I see. Uh okay. Um. Now uh what's made of flour baked in loaves?
748:  Well biscuits and white bread cake.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  I finally got that for me.
Interviewer:  Yeah? Did you ever uh when its made to rise?
748:  Well um.
Interviewer:  That flour baked in loaves. Wheat flour baked in loaves.
748:  Bake bread well If you have to put um.
Interviewer:  You'd call it?
748:  Well we'd just call it light bread is all I know right now can think of right now.
Interviewer:  Yeah. There's a difference between that bread you bought at at the store. And that's called? The kind you bought at home made at home the kind you bought in the store is called?
748:  Well we call I'd I'd just call it a name name what made it {X} I'd just call it some white bread or or some rolls.
Interviewer:  Yes sir.
748:  Or something like that.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  And at home I'd call it biscuits.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  I'd call it uh hotcakes. Or whatever you want to call it.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um hotcakes or would you ever make anything else out of what would bread be made to rise with?
748:  Soda and baking powder soda baking powder.
Interviewer:  Okay. Anything else?
748:  Now them the only things I #1 know. #
Interviewer:  #2 Do you have that stuff that came in packets? # Yea- Uh.
748:  Oh yeast? Or some folks use yeast I never used yeast.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um. Any other kind of bread that's made of flour? That you know of? Uh.
748:  Well I just can't think of it.
Interviewer:  Would you wipe it and make it rise with salt?
748:  Make it rise with salt?
Interviewer:  Yeah make it.
748:  #1 I don't know #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
748:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
748:  of cooking. #1 Cooking. #
Interviewer:  #2 Would would your wife ever just # take up a biscuit dough sometimes and put it in a pan and cook it like that? And make it? {NW}
748:  Uh we'd call that a hoecake or a pattycake or something like that.
Interviewer:  Hoecake? Okay. Alright. Now you mentioned to me about ash cakes the thing you would pat up and put in the fire. What about the other kinds of things you would make with cornmeal?
748:  Well you'd make the ash cakes out of cornmeal and I've made I've seen cornmeal dumplings.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  Um I'm gonna say just have you something boiling and make you some little dumplings up and #1 pour it in there. #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # Boy I bet that was good.
748:  And uh some can seem like you boil like chicken or something like chicken dumplings or I mean uh meal dumplings.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  And uh you'd make a.
Interviewer:  Yowza yowza.
748:  I don't can't think of nothing else right now.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Did you ever do you ever seen them things you eat with fish sometimes? Them little ol' things they'd fry 'em some?
748:  I forget I've I've eat 'em but I forget just what they call 'em. But they're good.
Interviewer:  They might put onions in
748:  #1 Yeah
 they #
Interviewer:  #2 or green pepper. #
748:  they good yeah but I can't call up the meaning of that now. Can't think of it.
Interviewer:  Hush?
748:  I can't think of the name of it right now.
Interviewer:  Yeah. You ever heard of hush hush pup-
748:  Yeah yeah hush puppy now now that's it right there.
Interviewer:  Yeah. And what about the uh what about them things that uh maybe you'd uh you'd make before the fire? Sometimes your mother would cook 'em in front of the fire? {C: Clock begins chiming and keeps going until 48m21s} {NS}
748:  {NW} make put before the fire?
Interviewer:  Yeah on a board or something like that? She might clear out a place in the fireplace and she'd cook she'd pour this down on a board or something in the fire?
748:  Well it pull out the ashes you know is all I know.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  Rake the ashes apart.
Interviewer:  She ever cook it on a board?
748:  I never cooked nothing not not on a fire not down thataway on a board.
Interviewer:  Okay.
748:  I just put them ashes rake putting more ashes on if I I put uh fire over. Thing just like I tell you the other day about that about that lid to put on that big skillet
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  and bake things with.
Interviewer:  Would you ever have anything that was just made with cornmeal salt and water?
748:  Well just maybe the here's what I know. we call it our hot water bread now. {D: There ain't none of that for years.}
Interviewer:  Hot water bread?
748:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  Hot water bread and I like hot water bread no vegetables.
Interviewer:  Yeah. And uh.
748:  I can dig it up now just no grease in the fryer cook in that fryer. {NS}
Interviewer:  Yeah? And what about uh what about the kind that uh maybe uh when you you're baking a large cake maybe it was about an inch roun- in a in a skillet or something like that and you'd say you made up a what?
748:  Well I just made a if I'm done working the cake I'd say a pound cake.
Interviewer:  No if it was made out of cornmeal.
748:  Well if it was made out of cornmeal I'd just.
Interviewer:  Say you made a corn?
748:  Just a just basic basic bread's all I know
Interviewer:  Yeah. What was a pone?
748:  A what? A pone?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  Well a pone was bread you know made up in uh in in in little pieces to cook. When you cooked them eggs away it cooked to death.
Interviewer:  #1 In a skillet fried? #
748:  #2 Cook it on the stove. #
Interviewer:  Uh oh uh you mean it was a corn pone was a?
748:  Yeah something like that.
Interviewer:  Just a little kind of?
748:  {NW}
Interviewer:  One piece? It wasn't a big one?
748:  Yeah one piece
Interviewer:  Okay.
748:  Make it big or little if you want to make it. Whichever way you want to cook it you want to make a big pone of bread you make a big pone you wanna make a little one make a little one.
Interviewer:  In a skillet?
748:  Yeah. You see make it in the skillet then.
Interviewer:  I see. Yes sir. Uh what about what was a what was a uh something that was cooked in a big skillet maybe thick you know thick if you think of cornbread? You ever had a Johnnycake?
748:  Yeah we had them then.
Interviewer:  What was that?
748:  You mean a cake joint cake?
Interviewer:  Johnnycake.
748:  I don't know if that's a Johnnycake I can call it {D: beyond that} I can't remember nothing to be called that.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Now something you might drop in your uh would you ever put any of the hog parts of the hog in with the in with you know with the bread when you were cooking it?
748:  Well I'll tell you about I wanted to put bread I put #1 and he poured it over #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
748:  bread be put like a crackling be crackling bread.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  And that's all all all I know to cook it. {X}
Interviewer:  Okay.
748:  Crackling bread. #1 That that that #
Interviewer:  #2 Now. #
748:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
748:  be a crackling bread yeah.
Interviewer:  Now would you ever cook maybe corn meal in a deep pan and it would come out real soft and you'd you'd spoon it out on your plate? Put it out on your plate? Dish it out like mashed #1 potatoes? #
748:  #2 Well um. # I have seen somebody would call it kush.
Interviewer:  kush?
748:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
748:  Yeah I was on #1 yeah that I've eaten that I've made that. #
Interviewer:  #2 kush? #
748:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 # Yeah? You ever heard of spoonbread?
748:  No I don't think I have.
Interviewer:  Okay. But kush you you like to eat that?
748:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now other things you made with cornmeal that sort of thing you can tell me about?
748:  That I can't remember right now. Soups. Dumplings.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  Anything like that. {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh would you would you ever make these things that were round and they had a big hole in the middle of 'em?
748:  Uh.
Interviewer:  Fried 'em? Maybe in deep fat? It had a big #1 it had a? #
748:  #2 {D: Patty cake.} # I mean a tea cake.
Interviewer:  Tea cakes? Okay they were they fried? Tell me about them.
748:  Oh no they.
Interviewer:  And uh what about the ones that were round and had a hole in 'em? A?
748:  Oh well I forget now.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  I don't know about that.
Interviewer:  Dough-? Dough-?
748:  Doughnuts.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Would you ever take a hump of a lump of donut dough and put it and just dump it in the fat?
748:  No I never have.
Interviewer:  When you were frying it?
748:  No.
Interviewer:  Okay. Or something any other kind of sweet things that you might your mother might make up might have three strips across it things like that? Uh. You mentioned tea cakes #1 any other sweet things she might cook up? #
748:  #2 {X} # Can only think about cooking sweets thing like that uh make uh uh pie crust.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  Things like that.
Interviewer:  What uh what about a a something that would be cooked in a deep dish and might have fruit in it and had a layer on the top a crust on the top but not one on the bottom? You'd that would be called a pie or a?
748:  Well that would be called be called a pie.
Interviewer:  Anything else a co- a? Apple?
748:  Yeah o-or #1 an apple pie #
Interviewer:  #2 You might #
748:  peach pie or chicken pie any kind of pie you wanna call it.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  Cause I haven't had chicken pie it good chicken pie there.
Interviewer:  I bet that is good. Um now the uh the two parts of the egg are the what?
748:  Well the white and yellow?
Interviewer:  Okay. How do you like your eggs prepared?
748:  Well I like 'em fried. More or less. We just like 'em fried.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  Scrambled.
Interviewer:  Yeah? When you um when you cook 'em in in hot water you'd say they're?
748:  That's a boiled egg. You just put a boiled egg shell and all and then when you get them done {D: put together a little meal.}
Interviewer:  Two two of 'em would be two?
748:  Yeah one one white and one white. {D: Very good.}
Interviewer:  Two boiled?
748:  That's right.
Interviewer:  Two boiled? Egg?
748:  That's right.
Interviewer:  Um. If you crack 'em and let 'em fall out of their shells into the water you ever do that?
748:  Well I've done that but uh that's when I wanna
Interviewer:  #1 P- #
748:  #2 uh # crack 'em through there that's when I wanted to stir them up in something but they also gonna want to uh cook it slowly.
Interviewer:  Yeah? Did you ever did you ever boil 'em?
748:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  And uh boil water and then just crack the eggs and let 'em drop in the water and cook 'em like that? Out of their shells?
748:  Mm no I never done that.
Interviewer:  Poached? You ever hear of a {D: porched} egg?
748:  No.
Interviewer:  Now when you're making up some greens or cooking some beans what do you add to it maybe to make it taste better?
748:  Well I add the first thing I add first thing I'll put some meat in there.
Interviewer:  You said what?
748:  Meat. Sau- uh bacon or uh dried source of meat in there uh a little lard in there. {NS}
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  And uh a little sauce in there and uh something like boiled or put even add a little pepper in some things boy.
Interviewer:  Yeah? Would it have some lean on it or would it be?
748:  I mean that meat sometimes fat or lean sometimes both. #1 I like 'em #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah? #
748:  both boiled in greens and beans.
Interviewer:  It'd be just a what a?
748:  Be be be be cooked you know veggies sometimes.
Interviewer:  You'd just put a what in in with 'em? Piece of?
748:  Well as I said I just put a just cook that. {NW}
Interviewer:  #1 That? #
748:  #2 Put it on just # cut you a little piece of meat.
Interviewer:  Where'd that meat come from that was just a piece of?
748:  Well that was hog meat. You know I just cut a piece of that hog meat. #1 Just. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah but # where on the hog it was just an old piece of?
748:  What's that?
Interviewer:  It was just a old piece of what? Maybe sowbelly or?
748:  Well that's right yeah. Sowbelly and for fish if I wanted to just wrap it I'd just want just sowbelly for it.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah? #
748:  #2 Just cut the # the pieces out and put it in there too.
Interviewer:  If you wanted lean you'd put in?
748:  Cut a little piece of the ham or shoulder or something a little like that.
Interviewer:  {NW} The meat between the ham and the shoulder was the? Well when you kill the hog tell me about how you cut him up the meat between the ham and the #1 shoulders? #
748:  #2 Well the first # thing I do kill a hog {NW} hang him up wash him out take him down and uh get him open and cut there cut down his backbone on both side #1 cut them ribs #
Interviewer:  #2 What? #
748:  cut them ribs you see?
Interviewer:  What'd you cut him with?
748:  With a hatchet or something have to cut him with an axe a hatchet or something like that well or or that's all all ever I used.
Interviewer:  And you killed it what'd you stick him with?
748:  Well stick it with a butcher knife stick him right in there you see.
Interviewer:  Yeah okay.
748:  Stick him right in there you see.
Interviewer:  In the what? In the?
748:  In the heart. Come on that's where you want to hit it right in there. Hit it right and if it hits the if you hit it just right then blood will come out of the wound if you don't hit it right it won't come.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
748:  Got to hit it just right. Know just where to stick it. And uh #1 as I said #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
748:  take him d- down cut him up uh hack that down that back bone width hack it down that backbone all the way and lay it out there then take it out and cut that. Then take them ribs you cut them out of there you know. #1 Yeah? #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah #
748:  and then then separate uh cut that ham cut take the ham and then take the ham part of it cut the cut the bit that's on there cut that away. Say that's the shoulder part and that's the ham. And uh and this is a middling you see we call 'em we just call 'em middlings #1 that's what we call 'em. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
748:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
748:  And uh #1 and every time #
Interviewer:  #2 Now. #
748:  You have to take that bone hack them bones up will you. Them back bone hack them up take their ribs and you hack them up make the
Interviewer:  Yeah? Uh the kind of meat that you buy buy smoked and its sliced thin to eat with your eggs that's? That that meat that you buy sliced up thin to eat with your eggs in the morning? What's that called?
748:  Uh
Interviewer:  Buy it at the store?
748:  Oh I call it uh is it just called bologna or something like that?
Interviewer:  That meat that you that you buy sliced up real thin to to fry up with your eggs?
748:  Bacon?
Interviewer:  Okay. When you the out the edges of bacon that you cut off before you slice it?
748:  Skin skin.
Interviewer:  The skin? Did you ever buy any meat that uh {NW} that you would buy {NW} and then you would slice it up thin yourself to eat with your eggs?
748:  Well yeah sure.
Interviewer:  What's that?
748:  {NS} Well I bought bought a little piece of little piece of uh uh siding.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
748:  Or a piece of a
Interviewer:  {NW}
748:  #1 {D: liver or} #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
748:  whatever they want to call it you know?
Interviewer:  And you'd slice that #1 up and make? #
748:  #2 Yes I'd slice # it up myself you know like come on.
Interviewer:  And make what out of it?
748:  Well it just gets sliced is all I can tell you.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. Now tell me about what you do with the rest of the hog that sort of thing what you'd make from it? Fr- with the hog meat? When you cut it up could?
748:  Mm what you do with it? #1 Whole hog? #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. #
748:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 # Yeah. Would you ever take the trimmings and slice 'em up and grind 'em and make?
748:  Well I'd make sausage out of that you know take you know and then you cut it up cut and make sausage out of it. Take the hooves off of them hooves and uh throw them away or save 'em if you want 'em. And them hooves you can make tea out of 'em.
Interviewer:  Yeah Did you ever use the blood for anything?
748:  No I never did.
Interviewer:  Aw that's good fish bait. Freeze it and it'll make good fish bait.
748:  Oh I didn't even know that.
Interviewer:  Uh well now the head the meat from the head you'd make what would you do with the head?
748:  Well the head sometimes they'd they'd and and and and and again I'd make a salad. Hog head salad.
Interviewer:  Hog head salad?
748:  Oh there's a hog head cheese or whatever you want to call it.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um would you ever mix up the juice of the head cheese with some meat or corn meal? And and you would stir it up in corn meal?
748:  Oh I've tried that thing. On that quick- {NS}