Interviewer: It's right down the road this way is this the entire Smoky Mountains the entire 027: the back range that Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 you see # is a part of the Smoky Mountains the first mountain that you see out here with the cut on it is Chilhowee Mountain Interviewer: uh-huh 027: uh which is uh a little mountain Interviewer: now where is uh and that is that Clingman's Dome is that uh 027: that's uh at the it's one of the crest peaks of the Smokys Interviewer: uh-huh 027: the highest up Interviewer: #1 {D: can you see that in the mirror} # 027: #2 the highest mountains # no Interviewer: now the one now it seemed to me that I saw one that was it looked like it was {D: colvin} on the top it looked 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: and that's Chilhowee Mountain 027: no that would be a gap in Chilhowee #1 Mountain looking # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 027: out this way you see Butterfly Gap and then you see uh Myers gap and back uh toward {X} the hospital has a beautiful view of Walland Gap and these are actually the the passes in the Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 mountains that the # early settlers came through Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and they called them gaps Interviewer: but they they came right {X} over the top of that 027: #1 this is true # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 yeah right over the top of the # mountain there 027: so did the Indians see they followed the Indian trails Interviewer: uh-huh 027: our road that goes up Chilhowee Mountain was built by the Indians and they were paved in calico {C:paid?} Interviewer: is that right 027: yes in my parents' lifetime Interviewer: is that so 027: uh-huh Interviewer: {X} is there a road that goes all the way up the mountain 027: there is now uh the foothills parkway goes across the top of Chilhowee Mountain and when it is completed will join the blue ridge parkway Interviewer: uh-huh 027: will be part of the Appalachian Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 a trail # and uh we ha- through a lot of Bill's work had a county road which uh exits onto the foothills parkway so that we from here can go across Chilhowee Mountain and across the little mountain and across uh no Brown's Mountain's out here Chilhowee Mountain and little mountain and get onto the parkway Interviewer: well it seemed to me as I drove down that way that it looked like the tallest of the mountain there were two of them down there it seemed now what are those is that 027: uh there are a couple of the balds in the Smokys I do not know their names and my cousin Charleston could stand right here and identify every one of them for you Interviewer: what now where where {X} is the rest of the Smokys are they behind uh these or 027: no they go on up east Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and down see you hit the blue ridge when you uh Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 get down uh # Interviewer: #1 # 027: #2 # and the whole range is actually called the Smokys which is a part of #1 the Appalachian # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 027: #1 range # Interviewer: #2 but # now is is the rest of them up there on Gatlinburg is that where is that where um 027: #1 Gatlinburg # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: uh you go across Clingman's Dome you see above Gatlinburg and then uh the mountains go on east up into Virginia Interviewer: how far up does road is there is there a road on Clingman's Dome is that 027: I do have to walk the last um I have no idea because I don't hike it's a nice hike your best hike your tallest peak in the eastern United States is Mount Le Conte and this is an overnight hike there's a lodge up there Interviewer: and when was is that in North Carolina 027: it's in Tennessee Interviewer: I thought Clingman's Dome was the highest elevation here 027: uh Mount Le Conte's the highest Interviewer: is that right {C: it isn't} 027: uh-huh Interviewer: okay 027: quite certain Interviewer: yes the {D: maps} are wrong I I thought I'm sure I saw that uh uh that Clingman's Dome is mentioned all the time I thought 027: it's uh what's the elevation of Clingman's Dome three thousand Mount Le Conte is taller Interviewer: and and is that over near Gatlinburg 027: in that area Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 yes # Interviewer: it is that where the Smokys end just north of there is it 027: no they go on up up toward Virginia into Virginia Interviewer: oh is there still Smoky up there in in in uh the north east corner of the states up there uh 027: yes uh-huh Interviewer: you know a uh mountain city in 027: #1 yes uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 in that that's still # part of the Smokys now you mentioned a gap are there other things between mountains beside gaps 027: valleys Interviewer: yeah but I mean things that you can look through or see through or walk through 027: oh passes gaps Interviewer: #1 yeah is a pass # 027: #2 {X} # Interviewer: and a gap the same thing 027: I don't I think a pass is a smaller {NS} higher thing a gap is a pretty wide place that you could bring through the horses Interviewer: #1 huh # 027: #2 and the buggies and the # equipment now it up in Vermont they tell me they call the gaps notches Interviewer: yeah that was ano- I was going to ask you about the word notch 027: #1 I had never # Interviewer: #2 and also # 027: heard it until one of my friends who came from Vermont Interviewer: and also the word clove yeah 027: no not at all Interviewer: uh uh a sharp face uh on a on a mountain 027: oh uh a uh a bluff? a um #1 you mean of stone # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 027: cliff Interviewer: yeah and the plural of that 027: cliffs Interviewer: and a place where where where boats stop and freight is unloaded 027: a dock Interviewer: uh and in San Fransisco they have a fisherman's 027: oh wharf Interviewer: now you would never you wouldn't use wharf though for 027: not around here Interviewer: the river 027: huh-uh Interviewer: and when the water runs along and then suddenly drops off 027: it's a waterfall Interviewer: and what about a small one 027: it's a little waterfall Interviewer: alright what about when it just uh it's fairly noticeable as far as the drop that the water swirls around 027: oh a cascade Interviewer: yeah no that's I was thinking about either um shoals or uh rapids if if either of those 027: I suppose we would use rapids up here in little river actually we call it the white water because it's good trout water Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and um it's rocky and very white Interviewer: uh-huh and that and you and you'd call it white water rather than 027: because uh you fish Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 for trout in the # white water Interviewer: uh-huh okay that's good uh now some different kinds of roads based on their size and material used in the composition 027: well you have a dirt road and then um I don't know if they still have pikes but uh the the gravel road used to be called a pike Interviewer: uh-huh 027: this was the old mass berry pike up here and then you get down to hard surface and you have secondary roads and uh your primary roads uh are highways I assume until you get to the uh interstate and the expressways and Interviewer: #1 okay now sure # 027: #2 {X} sophisticated # Interviewer: what about the um uh uh uh second in the composition of the secondary road 027: it would be a hard surface like a macadam or an asphalt or something of the sort it would not be gravel or rock or dirt Interviewer: one that's made of gravel and that black stuff that's 027: that's macadam Interviewer: uh-huh or sometimes they call it yeah 027: uh black just black top Interviewer: sure what the black top mcadam or these are the same thing that 027: I do I think macadam is a little more sophisticated refined process Interviewer: now a road um off the secondary road that goes up in you know into the the neighborhood is uh well like out in front here what do you call this 027: we call it south wood drive Interviewer: yeah well know would you call it a 027: a residential street Interviewer: yeah would you call it ju- or uh you wouldn't call it what about a neighborhood road would you what would you say if someone said a neighborhood road what would you uh um uh whatever something like a neighborhood or a country road or 027: #1 might # Interviewer: #2 uh # 027: be a lane Interviewer: uh-huh is a lane something you can drive on 027: yes uh going up to grandfather's house there was a lane I never understood why it wasn't a driveway unless it was because it was on the farm and it had a stone fence on Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 each side of it # Interviewer: now that would go from the public road up to the house 027: up to the house uh-huh Interviewer: that's like would you well you call it a driveway 027: I would Interviewer: #1 what was that by the way that # 027: #2 {X} # down um in Blount County it's in an area that's under Fort Loudoun Lake now Interviewer: oh yeah {X} what about something that goes from the barn to the pasture that you could just you could walk on 027: I guess that would be a trail or a path Interviewer: alright and the plural of path 027: paths Interviewer: and something across a public road if there are two lines you know and your suppose to walk 027: #1 oh a cross walk # Interviewer: #2 in them # alright now if um uh in the city uh in town the um the you don't walk in the street you walk on the 027: on the side walk Interviewer: now sometimes there's the side walk and then there's some grass before you get to the street 027: oh yes that uh I really don't know what it's called unless it's a grass strip Interviewer: #1 okay # 027: #2 now in the boulevard # uh that's not what you're #1 talking about the strips in the # Interviewer: #2 that # #1 that's not in the middle right # 027: #2 middle between the two sections of the street # Interviewer: a grass strip is one that's given something uh uh someone might chase a dog away might pick up a 027: a stick Interviewer: or something {D: to harm it} 027: a stone Interviewer: now 027: {D: that'd be a rock} I'd call it a rock Interviewer: do you make a distinction between rock and stone 027: uh-huh a stone is um something that has been worn smooth by erosion or uh by rapid motion as in the river and a rock to me is something that is younger and newer and has jagged edges Interviewer: okay and he 027: threw Interviewer: alright uh and you go to a friend's house and ring the bell and you there's no answer and you say well I guess she isn't 027: home Interviewer: and you might uh uh someone says I don't like to eat this cereal uh dry I'd rather have it 027: with cream Interviewer: alright or using uh milk you say with 027: rather have it with milk Interviewer: alright and then oh the other way you might say dry or with 027: dry or with Interviewer: with yeah well another way of saying dry instead of using dry you might say you say with milk or with 027: plain Interviewer: uh-huh or with 027: nothing Interviewer: or without 027: with with or without is Interviewer: #1 yeah that's right that's it that's my problem # 027: #2 that you is that your problem {NW} # Interviewer: if uh he wasn't going away from me he was coming 027: toward me Interviewer: alright and you hadn't seen someone for a long time if you want to tell your husband guess who I ran 027: ran into today Interviewer: yeah and uh we named the gave the child the same name as uh an uncle or something you say we named the child 027: for Interviewer: and a four legged animal that barks is a 027: is a dog Interviewer: and a call to a dog to attack another dog 027: attack Interviewer: you might say attack if you're just gonna uh 027: um sic him Interviewer: yeah now a dog of mixed breed 027: um it's a dog I it could be called a cur I suppose Interviewer: do you every use anything like a a a scrub or a feist or a mongrel 027: uh mongrel yes and I have heard the term feist uh my father used to use it for a small terrier sort of Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 dog of # mixed breed Interviewer: uh-huh 027: uh we're more likely just to say it's all dog Interviewer: okay and he was by a dog he was 027: he was bitten Interviewer: say that the dog 027: bit him Interviewer: um uh I saw 027: a dog bite Interviewer: yeah now uh the expression dog bit is that at all familiar to you 027: I have heard it uh-huh uh I think that's something that um Mrs Hill might say Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 he was # dog bit Interviewer: uh-huh and a that principle milk giving animal is a 027: cow Interviewer: and the male 027: is a bull Interviewer: now do you remember ever ever hearing any um term either technical terms used by farmers or euphemisms used in the presence of women or used by women instead of using the term bull 027: oh dear this a male cow I #1 guess # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 027: I don't Interviewer: #1 have you heard that {X} no that's that's one of them sure # 027: #2 sounds a little strange but I think that's # Interviewer: um and {X} uh talking about they sometimes use horses to plow but some people have used 027: oh mules Interviewer: and two of them together would be a 027: a team of mules Interviewer: alright and you're talking about shoes you'd say a 027: pair of shoes Interviewer: or would you ever use that with mules 027: no you but you have a matched pair of horses Interviewer: okay now to be a pair then it would they'd really have to be matched 027: #1 yes uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 there I see # and a um uh a baby cow is called a 027: calf Interviewer: and if the cow's going to give birth to a calf you say Daisy is going to 027: I've got one for you she's going to be fresh Interviewer: okay uh they um uh animal you ride is a 027: is a horse Interviewer: the plural 027: horses Interviewer: and the female 027: is a mare Interviewer: and the male 027: stallion Interviewer: say uh talking about get up on a horse's back say I'm going to 027: mount Interviewer: and then I'm going to 027: ride Interviewer: yesterday I 027: rode Interviewer: and I have 027: ridden Interviewer: and he wasn't very experienced he was on a horse and he fell 027: he fell off or he was thrown Interviewer: alright and a little boy had put chairs next to the bed because they were afraid that he might 027: roll out Interviewer: or 027: #1 fall out # Interviewer: #2 yeah # last night he 027: fell out Interviewer: alright and this is a game {X} pitch this thing is it a stake 027: horse shoes Interviewer: alright and the horse wears these on his 027: on his feet Interviewer: yeah or on his 027: hooves Interviewer: and the singular 027: hoof Interviewer: uh you're not familiar with any other uh outdoor games similar to horse shoes where something is tossed at a at a ring or I mean as a as something tossed uh either a ring or something 027: #1 oh um # Interviewer: #2 that you would to # toss of a stake 027: there was one we had different colored rings Interviewer: huh 027: only thing I can think of is ring toss and that is certainly is not the name of the game Interviewer: no uh quite circle 027: #1 uh-huh true # Interviewer: #2 {X} yeah it that # 027: yes with a little it was a uh a rope Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 sort of # uh circle with uh {D: made out of} leather Interviewer: uh-huh 027: um joined together Interviewer: and what did you call that 027: those were quoits Interviewer: okay well I didn't know if was quarts or quoits {NS} and a uh uh the uh the animal that um um uh a male sheep is called a 027: ram Interviewer: and the female 027: ewe Interviewer: and the sheep's back is 027: wool Interviewer: and the uh animal that pork comes from 027: is the pig or the hog Interviewer: alright and the male is called a 027: oh well the hog the male is the hog and the female is a sow Interviewer: yeah well this is something they sometimes um use for a term they use when they talk about about the wild isn't it 027: oh a wild boar Interviewer: alright now are there any other terms you can think up for wild one 027: razorback incidentally we saw a wild boar the other day up on {D: fun town} Interviewer: is that right 027: I'd never seen one before it came down the mountain side when we were fishing Interviewer: it's a pretty good size 027: uh-huh yes it came right down uh it was making a great deal of noise going through the dead leaves but of course it doesn't fear anything Interviewer: uh-huh 027: everything got away from it Interviewer: uh-huh now does it have two what do you call those things 027: their tusks Interviewer: okay did it have 027: I didn't see it that Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 closely I was at a # distance Interviewer: uh-huh that's interesting I've people once in a while there I guess they're 027: #1 I had never seen one before # Interviewer: #2 I guess they're pretty rare # and a uh uh when you talk about the cats say the cat was spayed and what do you call that for a male animal when they 027: oh now he is Interviewer: spayed not spaying spay yeah 027: he is uh let's see he's neutered Interviewer: uh-huh 027: actually we call it altered for both sexes Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 with the cats # Interviewer: now what about for a for a hog 027: I guess it would be the same thing I don't #1 know # Interviewer: #2 i- is # there is there a name that you'd call a hog that had been uh 027: I don't know unless that's a shoat I don't know what a shoat is I think a shoat may be just a #1 young # Interviewer: #2 yeah # now something that's called a barrel or a stag or a rick 027: I've never heard of it Interviewer: heard of a barrel 027: huh-uh Interviewer: um and a hog eats from a 027: trough Interviewer: the plural 027: troughs Interviewer: and the uh the stiff hairs on a hogs neck 027: they're bristles Interviewer: and a uh sound a cat makes being weened 027: oh it bawls Interviewer: and the sound a calf or cow makes at feeding time it 027: it lows Interviewer: alright and the horses make at feeding time 027: oh they make a snuffling breathing #1 noise # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # now that's it exactly but do you have a name for that either 027: I'm trying to think of one snorting I guess that's not exactly it though it's snuffling uh Interviewer: well #1 some of the # 027: #2 {X} feed # Interviewer: um chussler knicker quicker winner winker laugh or winnie 027: well now knicker and whinny I think of more as when they want your attention when they're frightened rather than a feeding noise Interviewer: you think of knicker and winnie as the same thing 027: just about #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 alright # and if you're going to feed these uh animals we're talking about you say I'm going out to feed 027: feed the horses Interviewer: alright all of them though it would be the you're going to feed horses and cows 027: oh the stock #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 alright # and if you and the animals that you feed you through out the feed down like this it's like the 027: the chickens Interviewer: alright would you ever use anything else if you had ducks and geese which you they probably don't have around here 027: oh pets Interviewer: yeah well now these would be the {D: brave net} for for eating 027: uh they sometimes think they're gonna raise them to eat but they end up being pets Interviewer: alright a uh hen sitting on an egg would be called a 027: a setting hen Interviewer: and a small well different any any different kinds of of uh of uh enclosures that that chickens live in 027: oh the mother chicken well hen with her chicks lives in a coop lots of times and uh then later they get into a hen house Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and then of course on your commercial scale you have these long chicken houses Interviewer: and a bone that um that children like to pull a chicken bone they 027: oh a wish bone Interviewer: now what is the um the traditional thing on the wish bone which end do they what what do they 027: one end gets the wish and it's whichever end you have {NW} changes Interviewer: it isn't the bigger one or the smaller one no 027: seems to depend on who's calling it which end Interviewer: #1 have you ever heard any kind of a of a of a # 027: #2 it is # Interviewer: uh um uh superstition or tradition where the wish bone is put up over a door 027: no now with a horseshoe yes but not the wishbone Interviewer: in um north Georgia a couple of places got they call it a boy bone they call that bone the boy bone and call that's just the boy and they the little boy and they put it up over the boy and supposedly the first male to come through the door after it's been up there is going to marry the eligible daughter in the 027: #1 oh # Interviewer: #2 and I said # 027: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # {X} mrs {X} she said well I didn't know that but I'll have to put one up cause I have a couple here I'm looking to get rid of {NW} in terms of these comprehen- comprehensive terms of the edible insides of a pig or a calf kinds of 027: {NW} oh the organs I don't know Interviewer: yeah well I just uh kind of a uh well the for instance one thing is the uh the intestines you know of uh of a hog scrape out and fry 027: {NW} would that be chitterlings I don't Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 know # Interviewer: yeah uh but I'll tell you something else something like {D: uh haslits harslits plucks squin livering lights paunch nuts} 027: liver and la- lights I have heard Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 but I thought # liver and lights was more of a joke than a real term Interviewer: no lights I think is the lungs 027: I guess so Interviewer: I think so um the time when animals are given their food is called 027: feeding time Interviewer: now do you remember on the you were uh your father own a farm or your grandfather 027: my grandfather #1 and he # Interviewer: #2 did # 027: died when I was four Interviewer: I see so you don't remember much about him um how they call housing from the pasture 027: oh let's send the dog after him Interviewer: but if they were gonna call on them is there any 027: I have no idea Interviewer: or to to make cows stand still at milking time 027: oh was it soo Interviewer: well 027: soo cow soo or is that pig calling Interviewer: a sow or saw maybe uh or calls to calves to get them to come in 027: #1 don't know # Interviewer: #2 call # calls to mules or horses to make them turn left or right 027: oh gee and haw Interviewer: and do you know which is which 027: gee's left and haw is right Interviewer: and calls to uh to horses to get them into the pasture 027: I don't know Interviewer: and the call to get a horse started 027: giddy up Interviewer: and to make them would you use that now to get them started but after their on to their pasture something you might say 027: I really don't know you whip it and say come on boy come on out {X} talk to it Interviewer: alright something to stop the horse 027: whoa Interviewer: or to make a horse back up 027: whoa back up Interviewer: okay call and calls to pigs you mentioned this before but that's 027: soo Interviewer: and calls to sheep 027: I don't know Interviewer: calls to chickens 027: chick chick chick chick chick Interviewer: alright and you're taking some horses out you might say I want to what the horses I want to 027: pasture Interviewer: yeah you want you want to uh you know get them ready for driving 027: #1 oh I want to # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: saddle them um uh harness them Interviewer: alright saddle would be for riding 027: #1 riding harness for driving # Interviewer: #2 riding {X} for driving # alright and the things you hold when you're um riding when you're riding a horse back 027: oh the reins Interviewer: and the things you hold when you're driving 027: are the reins Interviewer: or plowing you still call them 027: the reins Interviewer: and the uh thing to put your feet in 027: are the stirrups Interviewer: and the horse on the left in plowing that's sometimes in the furrow 027: is he the lead horse Interviewer: okay and talking about the distance uh someplace else oh that isn't far that's just {X} {X} 027: a little piece Interviewer: alright and it's a considerable distance 027: that's a good piece Interviewer: okay you wouldn't say a perfect piece though 027: well I #1 might but it would be uh # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 027: #1 facetious uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 facetious # and if something isn't difficult say oh you can find that 027: you couldn't miss it Interviewer: yeah you can find it but someone sees something you hadn't picked up at the drug store or something say oh you can find that almost 027: almost anywhere Interviewer: alright and if someone fell this way you'd say he fell 027: backward Interviewer: and he fell this way 027: forward Interviewer: and if uh you might uh someone might ask you for something you say uh there no more left uh say do you have any of these left and you say no we haven't no 027: we haven't any we have Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 none # Interviewer: well would you would you ever use not a one 027: uh no um now I've heard nary a one Interviewer: yeah but that's again is 027: that's uh dialect Interviewer: sure uh and if someone um is uh accuses you of having uh well say a police man stops you and you say well why'd you stop me I I 027: I didn't do anything Interviewer: alright um oh and say someone breaks something of yours and you're whether you like your being polite 027: #1 doesn't matter oh # Interviewer: #2 about it they said well that's good # cuz I didn't like it 027: not at all Interviewer: #1 alright # 027: #2 I'm so glad to # be rid of it Interviewer: alright and if someone uh um uh passing out something samples and you say well you didn't give me 027: any Interviewer: uh 027: #1 or one # Interviewer: #2 okay # alright and uh uh child seems spoiled you say when he grows up he'll have his trouble 027: that's exactly what I would say but I don't find Interviewer: #1 yeah alright well I was thinking about # 027: #2 anything further to say about it # Interviewer: you weren't you weren't absolutely certain about it but you might say he'll have his trouble life is not apt is not 027: #1 I'm pretty sure he'll have his trouble when he's # Interviewer: #2 probably yeah # 027: grown up Interviewer: you wouldn't use apt is not or like is not 027: no I don't believe I would Interviewer: alright and a trench is cut by a plow 027: oh rows or furrows Interviewer: yeah and we raised a big of wheat this year yeah we raised a 027: #1 crop # Interviewer: #2 big # and we to remove the the uh shrubs and trees on the land you might say 027: #1 we cleared it # Interviewer: #2 that we # alright um {NS} 027: people um I've heard it many times Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 I didn't know what it # meant at first they'll say she fell out Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and uh we had a terrible time bringing her around Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 you know # after she fell out {NS} it's uh just absolutely and I uh was talking about with {B} one day and Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 she said she uh # had found it in Kentucky also that she was walking down the street and there was this person unconscious in the street and she said what happened and the person said that was standing over them said she fell out Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and Maria said fell out of what Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 thinking of a # window you know and no she had just fainted Interviewer: that's very interesting I as a matter of fact I'm going to add that uh when I get to uh when I have that investigate that as a um an expression for uh um {NS} I'll look into that that's good no I never had I never heard that I thought you were going to say like a falling out you know 027: #1 yes no I I though it this morning when Rose was # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: talking about chasing the children's uh wading pool last night when it blew away {C: scratching noise begins} and uh I said {D: immediately} {C: scratching ends} without thinking I said well you talk about Gwen falling out all the time they're going to be talking about you Interviewer: uh-huh 027: running around over the hill at midnight Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 027: #2 {X} you know and then I thought # I wondered if you had heard Interviewer: #1 no but their falling out # 027: #2 {X} # Interviewer: wouldn't be I mean they're running around chasing the swimming pool at midnight 027: well no uh Gwen uh has a brain tumor or #1 something # Interviewer: #2 oh # 027: and she falls out #1 quite often # Interviewer: #2 oh # #1 I see uh-huh # 027: #2 she looses consciousness # and they call an ambulance and take her to the hospital each time Interviewer: uh-huh 027: instead of trying to bring her around Interviewer: can't they fix it is it uh 027: apparently not I don't really understand it so Interviewer: yeah no but when you said what I'm getting at here when you said that to her did you mean like you wouldn't use fall out then as kind of a um uh isn't a popular vernacular then they said well wigged out or something 027: #1 no no # Interviewer: #2 {X} like cracking up or # something 027: #1 no # Interviewer: #2 it would # just be just be fainting 027: #1 just be fainting uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 okay # uh you said we raised uh {X} again about the wheat I think I I missed that you said we 027: raised a crop of wheat Interviewer: yeah and and to remove the shrubs and trees you'd say we 027: we cleared Interviewer: and if you raised you had a crop of of clover or grass and then you cut it and it came up again you'd call that a 027: second crop Interviewer: alright and if something you didn't plant at all came up 027: it's a volunteer Interviewer: alright and uh when wheat is tied up it's tied up in a 027: in a shock Interviewer: alright now shocks are tied or sometimes uh uh made up of smaller shock would be might include a dozen or so of smaller 027: of a smaller grain Interviewer: #1 of a smaller yeah packet # 027: #2 smaller packet # Interviewer: I was thinking of sheaf or or bundle 027: you were um no doubt right I uh Bill was correcting me on my terminology about the wheat {D: just the other day} Interviewer: would would you call it which of those sounds more uh familiar to you a sheaf or a bundle 027: uh a bundle I suppose Interviewer: uh but you had talking about wheat you said we had one bushel of wheat and we had thirty nine more and we had forty 027: I would get back to sheaves Interviewer: well if we're talking about uh uh bushel we're talking about or can be apples or 027: #1 or forty bushels you mean # Interviewer: #2 anything yeah uh-huh # and we're talking about oats being when oats are are harvested used to call it now would you say oats are harvested or oats is #1 harvested # 027: #2 I would # say oats are Interviewer: #1 alright # 027: #2 harvested and I don't know # why Interviewer: yeah and would you say uh when that machine they used to 027: is a harvester or I believe they call it a thrasher Interviewer: yeah now if you were using that as a verb that the thrasher 027: it threshed the wheat Interviewer: okay and if two people are gonna have to do something say uh you say you might say we're going to have to do this or you might say 027: you and I are #1 going to do it # Interviewer: #2 yeah and # not one of us but 027: both of us Interviewer: yeah and uh you and someone else and and your husband say are are coming over you'd say he 027: you all Interviewer: #1 {X} that's that's the next page um but the two people are coming and you say # 027: #2 are coming over {NS} # Interviewer: #1 um # 027: #2 your both # coming Interviewer: yeah he and 027: he and she are Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 coming # Interviewer: uh and you if the phone the phone rings someone asks for you might say speaking or you might say it's 027: this is she Interviewer: or it's you said if you were gonna say someone asks for you and if you were gonna say it's 027: I always just say this is she Interviewer: alright if you're gonna use but but if you said it's uh uh 027: it's me Interviewer: yeah yeah it's me rather than 027: #1 it's I # Interviewer: #2 {X} # yeah which of those 027: I guess that's the reason I avoid it because it's I would be uh well I would want to Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 use and it's me # is what I would use and I'd just say that this is uh she Interviewer: #1 alright um # 027: #2 # Interviewer: and how about with uh with other people now that you with uh uh other pronouns male female or 027: uh he is here he is #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 uh yes # it's 027: it is he and she Interviewer: and uh and uh 027: him her Interviewer: and they or them but it's them or it's 027: #1 it's they # Interviewer: #2 they alright # and he isn't as tall as 027: I Interviewer: uh and I'm not as tall as 027: as she Interviewer: alright see I'd help him but he can do it better 027: by #1 himself # Interviewer: #2 yeah # uh or uh 027: better than I can Interviewer: yeah and talk about the greatest distance you could walk you'd say two miles is the 027: is the limit Interviewer: yeah or using uh far from or far you say uh is the uh 027: is the furthest I Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 could walk # Interviewer: and if something belong I say whose tape recorder is that you say it's 027: yours Interviewer: it belongs to both of us you say it's 027: ours Interviewer: it belongs to them 027: it's theirs Interviewer: and it belongs to him 027: it's his Interviewer: and it belongs to her 027: it's hers Interviewer: alright and you want to know when some one person is coming you say when are 027: when are you coming Interviewer: now is more than one person 027: when are y'all coming Interviewer: but now would you but you'd never use that for one person 027: no no it has to be more than one person Interviewer: but it can be two 027: oh yes it's sort of of of family Interviewer: uh-huh 027: plural Interviewer: Uh-huh would you ever use that uh in the possessive talking about 027: #1 no it would be yours it # Interviewer: #2 I or something # 027: wouldn't be you all's Interviewer: okay or if you wanted to know everyone who who's at at a party would you might ask a friend uh 027: #1 tell me who all was # Interviewer: #2 what there # #1 yeah # 027: #2 there # Interviewer: and you went through everything they said 027: I don't think I'd go as far as what all Interviewer: alright or what all's what all's uh 027: huh-uh Interviewer: huh-uh I don't know how that would be used {X} what now you said you'd but you use might say who all was there 027: I doubt that I would but uh Interviewer: that would be more 027: it would be very uh I I have heard it Interviewer: what about you if wanted to know if uh a number of people's children were there would you ever ask who 027: who brought their Interviewer: #1 no who # 027: #2 children # Interviewer: children would you 027: #1 whose children are there # Interviewer: #2 you ever use who all yeah # not but not who all's children 027: no Interviewer: okay uh so children have been taken care of by their parents and now now they're married and they're off and now you say now they've got to look out 027: for themselves Interviewer: and you'd say I'd do it for them but he'd better do it would be better if he did it 027: for himself Interviewer: uh and bread made of different kinds some different kinds of bread made of wheat 027: oh whole wheat cracked wheat brown bread boston brown bread Interviewer: now the bread you buy at the store uh what do you call that? 027: uh I call it white bread I think what you mean is light bread Interviewer: uh which ever you use I 027: I use white bread Interviewer: does your husband say uh white bread 027: yes he taught me to eat white bread I'd always say Interviewer: #1 okay but but he doesn't # 027: #2 brown bread before {X} # Interviewer: call it white bread 027: no he calls it white bread but now up on the farm they call it light bread Interviewer: Now any other kinds of of bread made with uh with wheat flour or other uh doesn't have to be but something made in a pan a pan of 027: rolls Interviewer: yeah or 027: biscuits Interviewer: yeah, how are biscuits different from rolls? 027: uh rolls are made with yeast and are risen Interviewer: okay 027: biscuits are made with baking powder and rise Interviewer: alright now how about some things made with corn bread, uh corn meal? 027: oh you have your corn bread and your corn muffins and your corn sticks and you have hush puppies Interviewer: {X} hush puppies 027: ate all of them {C: interviewer laughing throughout} Interviewer: alright uh any have you ever eaten anythings that uh that you have to eat with a spoon? 027: oh spoon bread yes Interviewer: oh did you like that? 027: uh it depends on who makes it Interviewer: alright and have you ever now that {X} anything longer but they used to make bread make corn bread in the in the ashes in the fire 027: oh yes that was a giant cake wasn't it? I'm not sure I've never #1 seen it # Interviewer: #2 alright # 027: done Interviewer: and what would you call a a a a piece of corn bread as it's made into you you probably wouldn't say a loaf would you or would you? 027: um no it'd be a pan of corn bread I believe Interviewer: let's say that they make two or three large pieces in a in a pan and they have them separated 027: I don't really know it doesn't seem that it would be a loaf, but I don't know what it would be Interviewer: {X} I was the term {D: pone} that you 027: uh I have heard it but I don't know what it Interviewer: #1 alright # 027: #2 means # Interviewer: well did what it does a corn dodger mean anything to you? 027: No Interviewer: alright or a uh um uh have you ever eaten or seen um something made with greens uh like cornmeal rolled up and and boiled with uh with the greens? 027: No, do they make dumplings out of #1 cornbread? # Interviewer: #2 yeah they're like # they're like corn there there cornmeal dumplings but I I just that's sometimes what's called a corn dodger sometimes a corn dodger but corn dodger means different things to different people 027: #1 it doesn't mean anything to me # Interviewer: #2 {X} # okay 027: I don't like corn bread #1 that may be # Interviewer: #2 alright # 027: #1 my problem # Interviewer: #2 I see # oh well {X} I'm going to ask you one more thing and say {D: needed a} skillet they make it in a take a like a 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: and they pour it in and it's very thin and 027: it's like a pancake Interviewer: #1 isn't it # 027: #2 yeah # I don't know what it's called Interviewer: I sometimes call it a hoecake but 027: oh Interviewer: by some people but it's called 027: now I thought a hoecake was baked on the back of a shovel Interviewer: okay well maybe so you think of a hoecake as something larger than 027: no as as as you say very thin Interviewer: #1 oh # 027: #2 but # baked on the back of a shovel over the Interviewer: oh I see sure it's probably the same thing they just don't use shovels any longer 027: #1 oh that's uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 {X} yeah that # sure well that would be the same thing {X} home made bread or 027: store bought bread Interviewer: alright and something with a hole in the middle is a 027: donut Interviewer: does it have to have a hole in the middle to be a donut 027: no I don't believe so but we think of them that way Interviewer: what are some other things that you might talk about that are like donuts 027: oh a danish roll a sweet roll there's breakfast rolls uh coffee cake Interviewer: okay and now some things you talk about other things you make with using a batter and flour and you know a batter made of flour 027: pancakes Interviewer: now are there any other names for pancakes that 027: oh there are a million names for them Interviewer: {X} 027: uh see if I can think of some of them griddle cakes and pancakes and then of course there are waffles which are Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: made in an iron and um then um I'm thinking of the tin ball that's baked in the little iron to put food in like a uh like a patty a patty shell but that's getting into deep frying Interviewer: mm-hmm i would say if either the term batter cake or or flitters 027: {NW} Interviewer: you've never heard neither of those 027: fritters yes but #1 flitters no # Interviewer: #2 {X} # well uh uh flitters and fritters the L and the R 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: uh on the but one pound of flour you add one more and then you have two 027: pounds Interviewer: and the stuff you mentioned this before {X} a cake mix something comes in a little cake this makes bread rise 027: oh a yeast Interviewer: and the center of the egg is called a 027: yolk Interviewer: and the color is 027: yellow Interviewer: and eggs that are cooked three minutes in water are 027: soft cooked soft boiled Interviewer: alright soft boiled 027: soft boiled eggs Interviewer: yeah 027: {NW} Interviewer: do you sometimes call them soft cooked though 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: okay and eggs that are made the kind of eggs you made for me this morning 027: were poached Interviewer: alright and is that the only way you made did you when when you were a child they make poached eggs differently 027: oh yes uh i use a poacher my mother poached them in a skillet of water and slipped the eggs into the water after the water was boiling and they'd swirl the water around so the eggs stayed round Interviewer: and how long is that done for 027: until the uh white is #1 solidified # Interviewer: #2 I # see now these are some different kinds of cuts of pork used in cooking meat that they might sometimes use for seasoning 027: uh fat back Interviewer: now does that have any lean in it at all 027: I don't know I don't think so Interviewer: if it has 027: #1 I don't use it # Interviewer: #2 a little # alright if it had a little lean in it what would it be called 027: oh dear it has a name but then again I don't know I have seen it on the grocery store windows couldn't identify it Interviewer: do you well some of them are side meat #1 uh # 027: #2 yes # Interviewer: middle of the meat 027: #1 side meat # Interviewer: #2 uh # {X} 027: #1 side meat's # Interviewer: #2 uh # 027: what I would have Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 {X} # mm-hmm Interviewer: and the a large piece of bacon they used to get bacon 027: a side of bacon Interviewer: alright and pork that is smoked and salted is called 027: ham Interviewer: yeah but 027: {X} cured I'm sorry Interviewer: well I was thinking of either smoked pork or smoked meat or but that might be now the kind of meat that you serve with eggs in the morning 027: bacon Interviewer: alright now is that the only thing that that's the only that is bacon to you is the that's the only kind of bacon there is 027: yes that to me is bacon except for well now you can get Canadian bacon of #1 course which is # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 027: the #1 round # Interviewer: #2 right # 027: {X} right #1 out of the # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 027: center of it Interviewer: but you think of bacon essentially a breakfast food or something you use in 027: with eggs Interviewer: yeah okay 027: and with salads Interviewer: yeah you don't think {X} calling pork with lean in it #1 bacon # 027: #2 no # Interviewer: alright and um when you have a side of bacon it has a hard crust on the end that has to be cut off 027: now with a ham that's a hock you'd say the the hock of the bacon Interviewer: no what I was thinking {X} call it the rind or the skin 027: uh skin I suppose Interviewer: okay 027: or crust actually because it's uh it's been cured it has ashes and so forth Interviewer: and the man who cut the meat is called a 027: meat cutter Interviewer: or a 027: butcher Interviewer: and meat packed in a casing is 027: sausage Interviewer: and meat that is left out and isn't {X} cooked you might say the meat is can't eat this meat it's 027: it's spoiled Interviewer: and something made with the meat of a hog's head 027: souse meat Interviewer: yeah now uh is that do you like that 027: when my German grandmother #1 made it it was # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 027: wonderful I've never eaten Interviewer: did she