Interviewer: Uh first of all first will give you me the date 027: #1 {X} July thirteenth # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: nineteen seventy-one Interviewer: uh and the uh and the uh and this community 027: Maryville Tennessee Interviewer: All right and the county 027: Blount County Interviewer: and your full name 027: {B} Interviewer: what's the 027: Pflanze Interviewer: and what is that the 027: German Interviewer: uh-huh 027: it means plant Interviewer: uh-huh yes that a was that a uh uh given name 027: #1 that is my father's that's my family name # Interviewer: #2 {X} or a that's your father's family name huh # and you're address 027: um my mailing address is {B} Maryville Tennessee my address my residence is {B} Maryville Tennessee Interviewer: #1 you mail to a different address and I see # 027: #2 uh-huh we pick up our mail downtown at the post office # Interviewer: well that's something that you'd get from the wouldn't that be one of the fringe benefits of the 027: now we've always done that because of uh Bill works you see his business and his name are the same Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and they got our mail so confused that uh we ever since we've had a home of our own we've gotten all our mail in town and then sorted it out they do deliver mail out Interviewer: #1 uh-huh uh-huh # 027: #2 we have a rural delivery we have rural rout out here # Interviewer: and your birth place 027: Maryville Interviewer: #1 Tennessee # 027: #2 where you born right in the # uh Yes I can show you the little house out on Sevierville Road which is still standing I assume it was in the city limits then it is now Interviewer: is that how it's pronounced Sevierville 027: #1 yes it's uh for John no for John Sevier # Interviewer: #2 I call it Sevierville # uh-huh 027: who was the governor of Tennessee and a famed frontiersman Interviewer: #1 uh-huh I seen that uh {X} # 027: #2 uh-huh town # #1 Sevierville and this road goes there from here # Interviewer: #2 uh yeah # I see and was that in the um uh was that in the city limits uh or in the 027: I think it was in the city limits when I was born we lived there just four months they were building a house when I was born uh because I couldn't stand the noise in the little house Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and when I was four months old we moved to Goddard Street in Maryville Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 where I lived # until I married And where my mother lived until she died last year did you live then in you lived in the Interviewer: #1 in the in the uh city of Maryville and all your life # 027: #2 in town yes uh # huh Interviewer: uh and your age 027: oh fifty-one Interviewer: alright and you religion 027: Presbyterian Interviewer: and do you have any occupation of any kind now 027: house wife Interviewer: ok and but you're well that's an occupation but did you have uh you did other 027: uh yes when uh I by the time I finished college Bill was in service over sees and we were planning to be married so I went to work so I could help support my husband while he finished school Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and uh then of course I intended to work after we were married and I worked for TBA as a clerk typist and did legal work because he was going to law school and I was terminated in the big termination of nineteen and forty-seven I guess I was the number one employee to be terminated Interviewer: #1 huh # 027: #2 I had uh # Interviewer: #1 none of the qualifications for staying # 027: #2 well at least oh # Interviewer: #1 and was it seniority or uh # 027: #2 and uh # seniority union membership union participation uh veteran status and disabled veteran Interviewer: uh-huh 027: That I had least seniority and I had not joined the union Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 027: #2 and {X} that # took care of that very neatly and then I came to uh Maryville and worked uh as a book keeper and paymaster at the Maryville electric system for a year and in order to do that I had to go to UT to night school and take book keeping Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and I came over that precisely half the salary I had been earning just the month Interviewer: #1 is that right # 027: #2 before at TBA uh-huh # Interviewer: is that right 027: #1 but in that # Interviewer: #2 you got to go to school # in order to make half the salary 027: #1 yeah uh-huh Bill # Interviewer: #2 {X} that's great # 027: it was very neat Bill the day he took his final exam at law school and uh was uh relieved of his GI bill benefits was the same day I was terminated So we finished with a clean slate and started practicing law {NW} Interviewer: Now Then after that I went to work for him 027: #1 as his secretary # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # and that's the only those 027: #1 those are my # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 027: #1 complete occupations # Interviewer: #2 okay alright # Now your um uh your education what uh they did you go to the same you I suppose you went to attended the same elementary school all the way through 027: #1 Um # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: yes except that I was ill a great deal and I was tutored at home Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 more actually than # than I went to school but the teachers came and gave me the exams Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and so I was uh an enrolled student Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and I did have the qualifications I went to West Side Elementary School Maryville Junior High Maryville High School then I went two years to Sullins College and finished at the University of Tennessee Interviewer: #1 Where is this # 027: #2 Sullins in # Bristol Virginia Interviewer: uh-huh and the what is the Maryville the Mary is the college here in Maryville it's called Maryville College 027: #1 it's a Presbyterian # Interviewer: #2 what kind of a school is it # 027: #1 four year liberal arts uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 four year liberal arts school # uh my next door neighbor knew about them he he asked me what kind of school it was I said I remember seeing it 027: uh-huh Interviewer: when I I cus I came up I came the right way last 027: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # to to Knoxville but I came through here but I didn't today um and you so you've what what about your your major in um in college was it 027: I majored in uh dramatic art and speech at Sullins and these credits all transferred as English credits and I had to take one course to have completed an English major at UT Interviewer: Oh I see 027: {NW} and so I did a minor in uh History of the South which I had to do to go with my English major and then I did my several other minors just for fun in sociology and psychology and botanyand anthropology Interviewer: uh-huh 027: what none of which counted towards my Interviewer: #1 did what year # 027: #2 major # Interviewer: now what year did you did you graduate from from college 027: um nineteen and forty-three in March Interviewer: alright and when did you graduate from high school was it four years #1 before that # 027: #2 no there's six years # Interviewer: #1 ok # 027: #2 I had # two years as a special student Interviewer: #1 alright # 027: #2 becuase # I had gone through a windshield Interviewer: o 027: and uh so I I went to Sullins from um thirty-seven to thirty-nine Interviewer: And then UT's{NS} as a special student from thirty-nine to forty-one and forty-one to forty-three 027: #1 {X} so both times two # Interviewer: #2 alright and when # when did you graduate from elementary school thirty-six then 027: um uh high school thirty-seven Interviewer: yeah 027: May of nineteen thirty-seven And so you graduate Interviewer: #1 in elementary school eight years # 027: #2 in # Interviewer: elementary school eight years 027: #1 uh # Interviewer: #2 and # 027: six years and in two years junior high Interviewer: #1 right # 027: #2 it was # then they now do it Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 differently # Interviewer: but I can just get the dates then going back 027: #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 two years from high school # the high the high school from 027: #1 thirty-seven and then # Interviewer: #2 {X} yeah # 027: thirty-nine Sullins and then forty-three UT Interviewer: okay fine now uh what just some general uh uh information about your social contacts your your close friends church business contacts what kind the kinds of people your your club would be great and you know just tell me the kinds of people that you uh associate with 027: uh well of course there are, most of our good friends seem to be professional people I suppose we're drawn together by our common interests and then my clubs uh there is the book club they're just twelve of us and uh this is just strictly on an interest in reading and we have one two three professors four professors and uh several of us are house wives and uh {B} is a very interesting person she is an artist uh who has taken this up in recent years her husband is both a lawyer and doctor He did law and then medicine Interviewer: uh-huh really 027: and um we call him our professional student Interviewer: uh-huh 027: uh then I'm also active Interviewer: #1 welcome for malpractice cases {NW} # 027: #2 in a sorority {NW} right we # had one joint meeting of the bar and the uh medical society I remember where they took their wives and they had Jack as a moderator Interviewer: #1 {NW} good # 027: #2 because he was retired # {NS} uh then I'm um active in my sorority in alumni work and uh until this last year had had a nice little office for Interviewer: huh 027: twenty years I guess something like that and that then of course the federated women's club Interviewer: huh 027: here in town Interviewer: that is that 027: #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 Kappa Delta # I think that was the first uh nat is that is that's the first of the national national sororities that came to Dekalb 027: #1 yes uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 I remember when that sorority # 027: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 they opened a chapter in Dekalb # 027: uh-huh Interviewer: that was when Northern just started to I think the TKE's came in as a fraternity and then Kappa Delta 027: yes I I can't remember exactly when that was but I remember that uh chapter Interviewer: uh-huh 027: quite well do where do you have your national meetings all over uh yes we we rotate in sections they had a meeting last week in Hot Springs Arkansas which I did not get to attend although I'd planned to and um our next one will be in Roanoke because that will be our Diamond Jubilee and we were founded in Virginia Interviewer: #1 did you ever in North Caroline recently # 027: #2 that will be two years from now # no uh we went to the Bahamas two years ago and uh let's see before that we went to Chicago New Orleans um Pasadena Biloxi uh Bedford, Pennsylvania I don't believe we've ever been to North Carolina Interviewer: #1 around Asheville either no # 027: #2 can't remember huh-uh # Interviewer: #1 cuz I thought my # 027: #2 It's hard to {X} # Interviewer: sister in law is the I thought that {X} I'm not certain what sorority she's in but uh she's very active in uh and she goes to the to the uh I know she goes to the I don't know what she other than going to conventions 027: #1 {NW} that's active {NW} that's very active # Interviewer: #2 but I don't yeah ok well # she does that and I do you have any uh uh connection with your church 027: #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: and the women's association um I have had to be more inactive recently because I've had these accidents which kept me in but I still okay have an office in the circle I know longer have an office in the association and my most recent uh activity I guess was to make a poster Interviewer: huh 027: {NW} which Lee called yesterday to thank me for and then I I'm the last one that should have made a poster Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 027: #2 but it needed and so I made it {NW} # Interviewer: uh and did have you lived have you lived elsewhere and uh when I was in school of course and then Bill and I lived in Knoxville one year uh when he came back from the service and we had planned to live in Knoxville and we found that we're country people uh-huh did you marry uh before he went into the service 027: #1 no # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: we married when he came back Interviewer: I see so I see so that didn't his being in the service didn't 027: #1 no I was I was at # Interviewer: #2 didn't interfere with {X} # 027: home all that uh time uh and uh travel what um uh how much time have you spent traveling do you travel much um it doesn't seem like much to me but it probably is right much I've been um well of course the family used to take motor trips because this was the new thing driving in the car and I remember when I was a tiny little girl we went all the way to Niagara Falls and um on into Canada so that was one day of foreign travel Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 {NW} # and then Bill and I went to uh Mexico much the same way uh we went down and uh he was doing some work in southern Texas and then he has a {NS} sister {NS} that's all right As long as I can hear it that's uh Interviewer: #1 uh # 027: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: that's all now uh have you taken any any other do you do you take vacations usually every year uh o now and then there were often fishing vacations we did take a cruise several years ago and um we went to the Bahamas to the that was my convention and Bill's 027: #1 fishing trip that year # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh uh-huh # 027: and uh we usually work it in actually with something uh that Bill wants to do Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 a fishing # trip or we take several trips and visit our first bred relatives Interviewer: uh-huh now where are they 027: uh Bill's sister is in Santa Feand his brother is in Baytown Texas and my family's in Atlanta Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and uh we have aunts here there and beyond Interviewer: does your family uh does uh see your family's in Atlanta are these 027: my sister and her children Interviewer: uh-huh and how many children were there in your family 027: the two of us Interviewer: #1 your and your sister and your sister's uh # 027: #2 {X} # Interviewer: um 027: Sissy's mother Interviewer: uh-huh was she born in Atlanta Sissy born in 027: #1 No # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: She was born in Sylva North Carolina Interviewer: o because 027: and moved to Marietta when she was two I Interviewer: #1 I see # 027: #2 guess # and then from Marietta to Interviewer: #1 I wondered # 027: #2 Atlanta # Interviewer: because she said cuz it's she came over to my office one day with uh several people from Georgia State and she just mentioned and she said if you ever you know if you go up to well if you're gonna cus I told her I'm gonna be up in eastern Tennessee and she mentioned it I was wondering if she'd you know she'd been born here 027: No but uh they were here of course cuz her grandmother was here Interviewer: uh-huh 027: often Interviewer: Now in the did uh in the uh one other thing about the clubs and so forth and the church did you have what formal offices did you hold for instance the sorority and 027: nationally Interviewer: yeah oh I was a providence president I was national press director I was editor of the Katie Did It which was the um pictorial section of the {X} our national publication seems that I did something else but I can't remember 027: #1 at the moment # Interviewer: #2 but what's a # providence is that a set of 027: #1 uh set of states it was # Interviewer: #2 states is that like # 027: #1 it was actually # Interviewer: #2 rebuilt # 027: Tennessee and Kentucky I had eight chapters Interviewer: uh-huh 027: that I had um immediate advisory supervision over Interviewer: I see now in the would you traveled said you traveled over couple of weeks uh uh so you how how many how many weeks out of uh uh uh ordinary year would you say you were away from Maryville 027: um uh breaking it into weekends I would say seven or eight weeks all totaled Interviewer: #1 and you say and most and most # 027: #2 that may be too much # Interviewer: of this is in uh fishing and then uh 027: fishing or visiting or uh shopping Interviewer: but never but you don't you don't go any place around for four or five weeks at a time another part of the country {X} 027: No my husband couldn't quite Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 027: #2 pick up that long # Interviewer: okay now where was your mother born 027: Maryville no Blount County I'm sorry Interviewer: where in Blount County in what part of Blount County 027: oh it's under Fort Loudoun Lake now it's uh was a farm known as the {X} place and um it's underwater I'm sure uh-huh Interviewer: Fort Loudoun Lake a product of TVA 027: #1 yes uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 I see # uh and where's your father born 027: Maryville Interviewer: In the in the town itself 027: I assume so I have his birth certificate some place but I'm sure that it Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 it was in town I don't think grandmother # and grandfather ever lived out of town Interviewer: what was his occupation you father's 027: he was a retail lumber dealer he was educated to be a lawyer and lost his hearing at the age of twenty-one when he was trying his first case Interviewer: is that right 027: so he um Interviewer: where'd he go to school Maryville College and the University of Tennessee and uh what your mother's occupation 027: #1 housewife # Interviewer: #2 and your mother's educ and # mother's education 027: Maryville College Interviewer: alright she had an interesting education she was one of seven children and grandfather was a farmer who uh at various time was chairman of the county court he was county judge when he died for one or two terms he was sheriff and they had seven surviving children and they had this problem of educating them and some years they sent them all to boarding school down to Friendsville Academy or up to Maryville College and some years they had a governess come and live on the farm and some years they just moved to town bought a house and lived in it during the school year and sent the children to school and then moved back down to the farm in the 027: #1 summer uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 is that right # {NW} interesting you're uh um mother's parents 027: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 birth # place education occupation 027: #1 Blount County Blount # Interviewer: #2 Just tell me # 027: County and Maryville College on back for several Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 generations # now my uh father's parents came from Germany grandfather uh when he was twenty-one we have his diary he came uh because he was dissatisfied with the political Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 situation # grandmother's family came and I don't know at what time her sister was married to grandfather but when aunt Louise died then her father brought down the next sister to marry the widower Interviewer: oh really {NW} 027: and uh so that is uh but she was twelve when her family came uh-huh from Germany they came from Mecklenburg Schwerin on the North Sea Interviewer: {X} 027: wherever they may be Interviewer: that's in Mecklenburg is that the same Mecklenburg that uh is used in Virginia are they German settlements in 027: I think so Interviewer: yeah Virginia um at what about the earlier ancestry on your mother's side 027: uh we haven't recorded back uh we're members of the D-A-R we a uh had several ancestors who were in the revolution they were McConnells Matthews McReynolds was her madden name and they were uh farmers Scotch-Irish and uh always very interesting education Interviewer: Virginia from Virginia they emigrated from Virginia or from #1 uh uh # 027: #2 they # came from Ireland Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 to # to um North Carolina into Tennessee Interviewer: well they came from 027: from Londonderry the the forth great back I believe Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 {X} # is buried in Londonderry Interviewer: uh-huh as we traced this on his 027: #1 papers # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # #1 {X} # 027: #2 and then # uh both uh both of her parents were born in Blount County both families were Interviewer: uh-huh 027: prominent large farm families Interviewer: uh what Londonderry are you talking about #1 Londonderry Ire Ireland alright okay so # 027: #2 Ireland # Interviewer: but did they what places in North Carolina do you uh associate 027: #1 I really don't # Interviewer: #2 with # 027: know except that James Matthews fought in the battle of King's Mountain Interviewer: heard that in a song {NW} uh I could look it up on my D-A-R 027: #1 {X} that's # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: all I know Interviewer: #1 that's uh # 027: #2 personally # Interviewer: that it one of the interesting things about uh uh uh uh Tennessee is is it uh the people I've interviewed is that they really have no you know that it's that they have no well they're always from Tennessee you know 027: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 I've got # so many people just that they just uh {D: so I so I always ask people say oh what} what nationality do you do you associate with yourself many of them say American but that isn't much help um how old is your husband 027: fifty-one Interviewer: and his religion he's 027: Presbyterian Interviewer: and his education 027: um primary in Meridian Mississippi and uh Maryville College and University of Tennessee Interviewer: #1 Where was he born # 027: #2 and law school # Birmingham Alabama He was born in Birmingham and then Interviewer: #1 educated # 027: #2 educated grew up in # Meridian Interviewer: is that right 027: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 um # what uh uh we'll come to that in a minute but now his I suppose his social contacts are much the same as yours with the exception of more in uh uh some additional business 027: #1 yes uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 contacts # would you say most of your friends are uh through these clubs or through your uh husband's business contacts or 027: just through living Interviewer: yeah 027: our um old school friends our neighbors from childhood our neighbors Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 that we # have lived near have lived near in the last twenty-five years that we've been married Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 and some # uh of course professional Interviewer: #1 right # 027: #2 uh friends # and but those people too turn out to be our neighbors Interviewer: #1 uh-huh yeah sure # 027: #2 and go to the same church and # the same clubs and what have you Interviewer: now he was born in Birmingham where were his uh parents born his father was born in Jefferson County Tennessee and mother was born in Knox County Tennessee his mother was a Beard and you came through Bearden this morning It is named for the the area is 027: #1 where her family's # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 027: farm was Interviewer: is that on eleven or four eleven 027: on eleven Interviewer: uh-huh yeah I do remember that 027: uh-huh Interviewer: I thought I remembered but I 027: uh-huh Interviewer: and his uh what was his father's occupation he was a claim adjuster for Southern Railway he was earlier than that he was um with the commissioner of insurance for the state of Tennessee and with the internal he was a revenuer he told 027: #1 wonderful # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 027: tales of going out Interviewer: #1 yeah uh-huh # 027: #2 in the mountains and so # forth and then for a time his first job I believe was in a bank in uh Dandridge Tennessee he was education Carson-Newman College Interviewer: and where's that 027: Jefferson Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 City # I think {NW} that's right know if that's right Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} and his ancestors then uh what how did he happen to to be to be in Mississippi I mean what The Southern Railway 027: #1 uh transferred him to # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: #1 to from Birmingham to # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 027: #1 Meridian # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # but his originally was from 027: #1 Jefferson # Interviewer: #2 from {X} # 027: #1 County Tennessee # Interviewer: #2 Tennessee I see so that # okay 027: they sent the children back to Tennessee school is that right Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 uh-huh # Interviewer: and I think that uh that's it oh just would you just give me uh uh kind of off the cuff description uh with a little history uh so then of uh Maryville and also of its Alcoa which is interesting to me I I didn't realize and I didn't even think about the associating the company with the town 027: #1 oh the Alcoa # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: as far as I know was the first company built town Interviewer: uh-huh 027: it was built for housing for employees when they built the plant uh-huh and they Alcoa had no industry with the exception of a grocery store and a dry cleaner seems there was one other business out there until after World War Two and the company starts selling houses to those who wish to buy and up until then everyone had lived if they lived in Alcoa in a company owned house Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and then with private ownership of the property came business Interviewer: uh-huh 027: into the town Interviewer: I see what's the size of Al- is Alcoa now uh larger than uh Maryville 027: no we are larger I refer in my handy telephone book Interviewer: {NW} 027: which is brand new {NS} {NS} and has the uh {NS} if {NS}I can find it {NS} {NS} it has the populations in it Interviewer: I think it's in the back page {NS} in the Atlanta book anyway anyway {X} 027: #1 anywhere # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: no this is facts about Knoxville we have a joint book {NS} anyway we have about thirty-three thousand in the county and I'll about oh say {NS} eleven thousand's in Maryville and seven thousand's Alcoa something {NS} and the rest I would just {NS} {NS} heavy populated {NS} county {NS} {NS} Maryville was {NS} well it was {NS} in the seventeen hundreds {NS} it was Craig's Fort and McTEER's Fort and Henry's Henry's Henry's Fort and they were built of course uh they were wooden forts built uh for protection against the Indians by the settlers that came across the mountains and um New Providence Church where we attend was started two years before the town was um founded uh whatever the Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 legal procedure is # #1 for um # Interviewer: #2 {X} # when was that now that 027: it was seventeen and ninety something I believe it was long long ago and uh the college then came soon after the church Interviewer: oh as a seminary um 027: {X} church and New Providence Church and Maryville College were all started by the same Interviewer: #1 is that # 027: #2 um # Interviewer: Maryville {D: and the oldest chur} oldest oldest college in Tennessee probably 027: uh no UT is a little bit older it was it was Blount College Interviewer: oh 027: named for Willy Blount alright first governor of the territory and um I think that's I think UT is older I do have to check it but we we really go back right far for this part of the country Interviewer: is the Blount who is the postmaster uh related that is he a relative 027: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 I don't think so # 027: I don't think so I think {NS} we tried to uh see that he his but I don't believe he Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 is # 027: and Maryville was a country town it's still a country town a very small town uh College oriented {NS} and then in nineteen and uh eighteen nineteen twenty the aluminum company came and this brought big industry to this area and then with the aluminum company came dams on the Little Tennessee River then with TVA came dams on the Tennessee Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 River # and greater industry to the area Interviewer: but now that was about uh well when the when the aluminum company came is that that {X} around nineteen twenty was that they came to to Maryville and was that 027: #1 was that part of Maryville then who were either important in the mill # Interviewer: #2 they came # 027: no they came um to uh Old Field I believe it was called or Plain Field Interviewer: uh-huh it was somebody's farm actually several farms I imagine that 027: #1 they uh # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 027: bought to build the uh the first mill here because of the uh possibility of hydro electric Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 power and so they # started {X} and damming uh the river and Calderwood Street where you were Interviewer: uh-huh 027: parked today is named for Mr. Calderwood who uh designed the first dams Interviewer: #1 oh # 027: #2 And the # Calderwood's lived here for some time they were a very charming Interviewer: #1 couple # 027: #2 {D: was that so} # uh-huh That's interesting and uh all and all the streets in Alcoa are named for people who were either uh important in the mill industry or people who were important in the town of Alcoa Interviewer: oh 027: Hall Road for Charles M. Hall who uh invented the open furnace method I believe and so forth we have a Bessemer Street Interviewer: Yeah is that Gill or Gill 027: #1 Now Gill is a # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: local Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 family # that is where Maryville joins Alcoa and that was uh the Gill home place was where Middilon Sander is now Interviewer: I see well was that where I called out was I in Alcoa or Maryville when I called is that 027: uh you were probably in Alcoa the uh borderline runs Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 right # uh just below where you were Interviewer: it's it's deceptive on the map because on 027: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 the map it seems # that the two towns are really quite distinctly separated 027: #1 and actually the # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: city limits are on the same post Interviewer: #1 yeah uh-huh # 027: #2 {X} # Interviewer: that's uh uh now Maryville then what is has Maryville's growth say in the past forty years been related 027: industrial Interviewer: to and to the the development of Alcoa 027: #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 or the uh # 027: see this is the largest plant of the aluminium company's system Interviewer: uh-huh 027: #1 and uh the # Interviewer: #2 I didn't know that # 027: the uh president of the aluminium company um who retired this year was John Harper was a Blount County person Interviewer: huh 027: who started working while he was in college as a co-op student and during the time that he was president of course uh he was very the kind to back up works and building new plot lines and the old ones Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and so we really uh had a much more up to date plant then a plant this old Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 would be expected # to be and the north plant building out there by the airport uh was built just before World War Two and it was the largest factory built it deposed more floor space under one roof in acreage than any other building in the world and right afterwards he built the building in Louisville which is a little bit bigger Interviewer: oh 027: {NW} Interviewer: {X} uh {X} coming down from Knoxville uh I saw that enormous building it really surprised me it looked so big is that the you building you're talking about 027: #1 the north plant # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: #1 probably uh # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 027: it was on your left Interviewer: #1 on the left hand side # 027: #2 {X} # toward the airport Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 yes # Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 that's the north plant there three # three buldings Interviewer: oh 027: at the three main centers at Alcoa the north plant the west plant Interviewer: #1 that that kind # 027: #2 the south plant # Interviewer: that shocked me and I and it was then that I decided to fill the the Alcoa 027: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 {X} and so forth # 027: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 I really hadn't thought of them # in a {NS} {NS} uh {X} we could do some more things as we go along about uh Maryville you can just uh uh {X} {NS} I'll tell you {NS} 027: uh we uh Maryville the area is seven point oh square miles and Alcoa is eight point three four square miles and um Maryville was authorized to be laid out in seventeen and ninety-five the first settlement had begun in seventeen eighty-five now that was at the Houston's station and uh industrial activity began with lumber in seventeen eighty-eight and my father's business was lumber as I pointed out Interviewer: uh-huh 027: it came however from my cabinet making grandfather was a cabinet maker and uh he was also the undertaker because the cabinet Interviewer: #1 uh-huh yeah uh-huh # 027: #2 maker made caskets # that of his {X} weren't just being the undertaker our current undertaker is the outgrowth of grandfather's business Interviewer: is that right 027: our our one that we use here in town {X} but uh in World War One house were not necessary and so grandfather uh went uh no he had been building tables I beg your pardon they had done tables and Brumby Chair Company in Marietta had done the chairs these round mission type dining tables #1 which you # Interviewer: #2 Okay # 027: still see they're being collected now aren't many of them from the Cherokee which was grandfather's company then in World War One they started building houses because they were essential and dining tables weren't and then in World War Two houses weren't essential so they went into building materials Interviewer: Uh-huh 027: {NW} it is still a building material firm now Interviewer: I was wondering if all the {X} if so many of those furniture companies in North Carolina and Virginia I was wondering if those were German uh 027: some many of them are yes Says we're a world center for the production of aluminum paint {X} Interviewer: the combined population then of #1 Maryville and Alcoa is what about over twenty thousand? {NS} # 027: #2 what are you looking for any way? # Maryville is thirteen thousand five oh one, Alcoa is seven thousand nine hundred and fifty-four the metropolitan area is thirty nine thousand Interviewer: and that would just be in Blount County? 027: yes Maryville and Alcoa Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and the subdivisions surrounding Interviewer: that's a pretty good size 027: we're bigger than we seem to be Interviewer: Yeah 027: and we range uh in buildings from this Sam Houston School House which is where Sam actually taught school one year when he was needing to earn money to uh our new Interviewer: Was Sam Houston from Maryville? 027: his mother was born uh near here and he lived here as a boy he joined the army in Maryville down in front of the what is now the uh Bank of Maryville, it was the county court house at that time Interviewer: #1 uh Davy Crockett uh yeah Davy Crockett was born was born # 027: #2 Davy Crockett's from up um # yes my father took me to see his uh grave when I was a tiny little girl we had to go to the end of the road and walk but he was a great history buff Interviewer: #1 buried where he was born in # 027: #2 and he saw every # Crockett Station out of um oh is it near Jonesborough Interviewer: lime something 027: limestone #1 limestone mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 Yeah # I saw that that's I'm gonna be up there 027: Well you can drive to his grave now Interviewer: #1 {X} yeah that's I think that's part # 027: #2 {D: you can} walk to it too {NS} # another interesting area here is of course our mountains Interviewer: I wanna talk to you about that and we'll get to that I have a question about mountains 027: good Interviewer: But I wanna just get the names for {D: some of those things}. Now Let's if we just just start out kind of counting slowly from one to fourteen 027: one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen Interviewer: and the number after nineteen 027: is twenty Interviewer: twenty-six 027: is twenty-seven Interviewer: twenty-nine 027: is thirty Interviewer: thirty-nine 027: Is forty Interviewer: sixty-nine 027: is seventy Interviewer: ninety-nine 027: is one hundred Interviewer: nine hundred and ninety-nine 027: nine hundred and ninety-nine? one thousand Interviewer: and nine hundred ninety-nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine 027: {NW} That has to be a million I suppose Interviewer: Okay now if um uh speaking of the days of the talking about the days in the month we'll say uh what day of the month is the bill due usually 027: It depends on which bill where it comes from Interviewer: traditionally 027: are you tell oh the tenth Interviewer: okay alright what's the date before that called? 027: the ninth Interviewer: and then 027: eighth seventh six five four three two one Interviewer: now go back seventh now and the day before the seventh is 027: sixth Interviewer: and then 027: fifth fourth third second and the first Interviewer: Okay now if something happened you might say something happened suddenly what's another way you might say that it happened suddenly it happened 027: quickly abruptly Interviewer: um yeah I if you if you um you did something uh you've only done something one time is well I've only done that 027: once Interviewer: yeah now is there an expression that you might use suddenly that would include that word 027: I can't think of one Interviewer: Suddenly all- Would you would be more likely to say all of a sudden or all at once 027: oh all of a sudden yes Interviewer: Yeah 027: {NW} Interviewer: Okay and if something is two times as good as something else you say it's 027: twice as good Interviewer: alright and the months of the year 027: January February March April May June July August September October November December Interviewer: Okay one of the funniest things that ever {NS} {X} he got eleven of them but he just he just uh uh {D: scatter}. I- I've never heard anyone do that before uh the days of the week. 027: Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Interviewer: and do you do you use the word Sabbath? 027: No Interviewer: how would you greet a person about oh ten a.m.? 027: Good morning. Interviewer: how late would you use that? 027: if I hadn't had lunch I might use it all afternoon {C: laughing} Interviewer: alright but usually until 027: until noon Interviewer: and after that what would you say? 027: good afternoon Interviewer: and how late would you use that? 027: 'til about six I suppose Interviewer: would you call now it's it's uh well it's uh five to six now let's say at at about five oh clock five p.m. what do you call that part of day? 027: I still call it afternoon evening to me is after supper Interviewer: Okay but uh a lot of people I think I think maybe mrs Hill I'll bet she would mind calling a lot of people they call evening any time afternoon 027: afternoon uh-huh Interviewer: but that's uh not {X}. Uh do you ever use the expression good day? 027: possibly talking with a very old friend who is very elderly and when you left you would say good day. I remember one or two of my mother's friends did this. but it isn't it wouldn't come naturally to me Interviewer: and it would be used in parting? 027: #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 rather than than greeting # 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: um they um and you say evening is the part of the day after supper how late would you use the word evening 027: {NW} 'til around ten or eleven I imagine Interviewer: #1 that way and then after that it would be # 027: #2 yes I would # night now it might uh I might be influenced right now by daylight savings time becasue you know- Interviewer: still {X} 027: It's light forever Interviewer: Yeah um now uh do you ever use uh in parting {D: after} uh say midnight or something uh what might you say? 027: probably good- good night Interviewer: do you ever use would you ever use good night in in meeting someone? 027: huh-uh Interviewer: so you'd use good night and good day the same way? 027: yes Interviewer: {X} the same and so we started work very early this morning we started work before 027: before breakfast Interviewer: now but this is really unpleasant we went out once we're going fishing and we got up and went out before 027: you're thinking of before daylight but I would never say it Interviewer: okay what would you use if you're talking no not daylight but now use something with the sun in it 027: #1 before sunup? now I have heard that. No. # Interviewer: #2 and say would you yeah you wouldn't use sunup though? would you use sunrise? # 027: no I would say uh I would give the hour before three or four or something like that Interviewer: um but you're talking about that part of day though you know you're talking about it in relation to the sun wouldn't you say either sunrise or sunup {X} 027: I might say I saw the sunrise Interviewer: Alright 027: I would be lying because I have seldom seen it #1 but I would # Interviewer: #2 alright but you uh # 027: not speak of the time of day as sunrise or sunset I would speak of seeing the sunrise or seeing the sunset #1 or moonrise # Interviewer: #2 okay # alright and uh in talking about the what time does the sunrise that at say the answer is six a.m. say the sun 027: rose Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: at six a.m. Interviewer: but uh but really by the time I got up the sun had already 027: risen Interviewer: alright and if um Tuesday is today Monday was 027: yesterday Interviewer: and Wednesday will be 027: tomorrow Interviewer: and if someone came to see you uh if someone's coming to see you not um this next Sunday but the following Sunday they might say he's coming 027: a week from Sunday Interviewer: thanks. Do you ever use Sunday week? 027: no Interviewer: is it common in the- 027: yes, I hear it but it isn't a term that comes readily to my Interviewer: right 027: lips Interviewer: How about a two week period of time? Do you have a term for that? 027: I would say two weeks out I think I have read fortnight more than I've heard it Interviewer: Okay. and if you wanted to know the time you might ask someone just casually 027: What time is it? Interviewer: and uh 027: or quelle heure {NW} Interviewer: What? 027: quelle heure (C: French) Interviewer: yeah and what and on um uh that was the one thing we learned in in in French I had to teach it to somebody everyday say quelle heure est-il and il est onze it was always eleven clock you know {NW} #1 uh that's the # 027: #2 no matter what time it was {NW} # Interviewer: uh and on my wrist I have a 027: watch Interviewer: and in about a half hour, what time will it be? 027: oh about six thirty Interviewer: and then about fifteen minutes after that 027: six forty-five Interviewer: now what's the another something another way of expressing that? 027: quarter to seven Interviewer: alright and if you hadn't seen someone for a long time. I haven't seen her for quite 027: I would say for a long time, I have heard many times uh when I was a child I guess in a coon's age Interviewer: mm-hmm how about um uh did you do that very often say oh I do that once in 027: oncei n a while Interviewer: um the term coon's age be more common than something spell 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: quite a spell it's quite a coon's age 027: coon's age I imagine though is going out with the black #1 emphasis # Interviewer: #2 right # 027: because I think uh I don't know whether it referred to a Negro or to an animal the coon #1 the raccoon # Interviewer: #2 yeah uh # 027: but I imagine it's uh become a no no Interviewer: right sure no doubt. Uh if nineteen seventy nineteen seventy was last year nineteen seventy-one is 027: this year Interviewer: and if a child tell me the age of the child say the child is 027: three Interviewer: the whole thing of three 027: three years old Interviewer: Yeah and if something happened that today is the thirteenth of July if something happened on July thirteenth nineteen seventy say that happened just 027: just a year ago Interviewer: talk about the weather today apart from the fact that it's hot, uh disregard that it's like it's what kind of day it's a 027: it's a beautiful day Interviewer: alright and if the sun weren't shining you might say it's uh 027: cloudy muggy messy Interviewer: Okay 027: dull Interviewer: yeah now what's a messy day is it 027: oh like this morning was when it's a little bit cloudy and raining a little bit now and then and just not pleasant to be out Interviewer: would a messy day necessarily involve some kind of 027: #1 precipitation yes # Interviewer: #2 some kind okay # uh and if the weather has been uh uh uh been nice but then it's uh a rain or snow is expected you might say that the weather is 027: it's lovely now but we're expecting it to be bad Interviewer: yeah but in uh 027: the prediction is for bad weather foul weather Interviewer: would you use something like changing breaking gathering turning or threatening 027: I wouldn't I hear it on the weather #1 report # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 027: but it doesn't come to me Interviewer: and those things up in the sky, you can't see them right here but the 027: stars clouds or #1 trees {C: laughing} # Interviewer: #2 Okay # when did you go to camp 027: from the time I was five until I started working after I had finished #1 college # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 027: In fact I worked that summer at a camp uh out of Chicago that year with um children who had uh behavior problems Interviewer: where was the camp? 027: that last summer Lake Villa Illinois Interviewer: sure 027: mm-hmm I started out at uh Mintona which was just up here it's a little private camp up here here um at Chilhoweee and then I went to um Montreat in Montreat, North Carolina and I went to girl scout camp of course up here um camp Margaret Townsend which is no longer and um then I went eight or nine years to Camp Sequoia at Bristol which is affiliated with Sullins where I later went to college and I uh then as a counselor I went to various camps here there and beyond Interviewer: #1 Bristol Bristol # 027: #2 {D: upstate} # Interviewer: uh is that well Bristol Tennessee 027: #1 Virginia # Interviewer: #2 Is Bristol in Tennessee or Virginia? # 027: The state line goes down the middle of the main street which is called state street Interviewer: So it's in both 027: and there are two city governments there are two fire departments two police #1 departments # Interviewer: #2 really? # 027: etcetera mm-hmm Interviewer: really oh I've been beside myself trying to figure out so I look at a map at looking at motels you know they say Virginia. I thought maybe I shouldn't even bother with it {C: 027 laughing at the end} 027: when I was in school up there Virginia Bristol Virginia was wet and Brisol Tennessee was dry Interviewer: #1 oh that's convenient yeah # 027: #2 this created many interesting situations {C: laughing} # Interviewer: I thought of that the last weekend uh I was on the Tennessee Georgia border there at Copperhill and I thinks it's McCaysville I don't know or something like that maybe or {X} but they call it the twin cities Copperhill is on one side {X} 027: {D:ducktown} {NS} excuse me Interviewer: Sure {NS} {X} uh what would you call a a heavy rain of short duration? 027: a heavy rain of short duration a hard shower Interviewer: yeah uh did you ever use any any uh either humorous or colorful descriptive terms for that? 027: for the rain? Interviewer: Yeah. for a heavy rain of short #1 duration # 027: #2 cats and # dogs, downpour Interviewer: yeah 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: did they use things like uh uh trashmover or gully washer or {D: coat strangler} or any of those? 027: a gully washer and a cloudburst that may be a meteorolo- meteorological Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 term # I don't know Interviewer: now uh a storm with a lot of a thunder and lightening what would you call that 027: thunderstorm Interviewer: and talking about the wind the wind really 027: howled Interviewer: and hard it really 027: blew Interviewer: yeah and 027: uh blew a gale Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 possibly but that # comes more from our fishing then from our local Interviewer: yeah uh is now that's used more in in 027: #1 more down on the # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 027: gulf Interviewer: #1 yeah uh-huh # 027: #2 when you # Interviewer: now uh this is about the hardest the wind has 027: blown Interviewer: yeah and if the wind's coming from do you use uh descriptive terms for wind and its reference to direction 027: {D: no not not it blew north} Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 or anything like that # Interviewer: the word that we we're 027: in Texas Interviewer: okay now if a you talking about wind coming from the uh you're just saying that the wind's coming from the direction of Atlanta something you just say the winds from the 027: Bill will say it's from the north or the south I don't know my north from my Interviewer: #1 okay # 027: #2 south that well # Interviewer: um and if you're talking about just in terms of direction though if you're talking about the direction of um uh um oh say Johnson city from here 027: it was- that would be the east Interviewer: now now not just east though but it would also be 027: extreme east Interviewer: {D: I know} 027: eastern Tennessee now see that's as far as I would go I wouldn't get into north north east Interviewer: #1 okay I've got it # 027: #2 {X} # Interviewer: now if you're talking about rain then let's go back to {X} 027: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # uh if it's just if if it's coming down very lightly lighter than a rain 027: #1 it's a shower # Interviewer: #2 what would you call it? # what about lighter than a shower? 027: sprinkling Interviewer: anything lighter than that? 027: I don't think so Interviewer: what if you looked out the window and couldn't see? 027: it'd be foggy Interviewer: alright and that's that stuff is 027: fog Interviewer: and if uh it doesn't rain for about twelve weeks you call that uh 027: a drought Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 or a long # dry spell Interviewer: okay now you now she didn't use that other term but 027: #1 drought but # Interviewer: #2 you no she used drought but she didn't use drought but you use # 027: we will- we will often speak of a long drought Interviewer: how would you distinguish a dry spell from a drought? 027: I guess a drought would go on for a long long time and a dry spell would be of shorter duration but as severe Interviewer: mm-hmm can you think about it and could you break it down into okay say we had a drought uh for the months of July and August 027: and uh October was also extremely #1 dry # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # but uh I see but so it would have to be almost a month or longer to be a drought 027: I think so Interviewer: and if the wind handn't been blowing then suddenly it begins you might say that the wind is 027: blowing {C: laughing} Interviewer: yeah uh but the wind if it's just starting to blow you know you might you might say the wind is starting to blow or you might say the wind is 027: I guess you're thinking of rising but that wouldn't Interviewer: yeah something like that yeah you don't 027: #1 I wou- wouldn't # Interviewer: #2 Okay # 027: think of Interviewer: #1 or picking up or um # 027: #2 it uh-uh # Interviewer: and if it's been uh you wouldn't use rising either 027: no Interviewer: and if and if uh if it's been blowing hard and then it uh it uh you might say now it's 027: stopped Interviewer: but it's in the process would you say yeah 027: stopping Interviewer: yeah. would you {D: use it} the specialized laying the wind is laying 027: never heard it Interviewer: she did you hear her say that now she said that the wind is the wind is laying uh or letting up something like that if uh uh yeah describing it's uh whether uh well it can be any time of the year {X} I think I'll put on a sweater today because it's a little 027: cool Interviewer: uh would you ever use anything like snappy sharp edgy keen or 027: chilly perhaps Interviewer: how about airish? 027: I have heard that I think it's #1 a delightful term # Interviewer: #2 isn't it {NW} uh # 027: and we used to have an old woman who worked for us who'd say oo it's airish Interviewer: #1 {NW} yeah um # 027: #2 today # Interviewer: yeah uh and if there's some white stuff on the grass that hasn't snowed you'd say it's 027: it's frost Interviewer: um and it did get pretty cold last night because the water in the pond 027: has a skim of ice on it or a skiff of ice Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 I don't know # which Interviewer: Would you use either one of those? 027: I would say it has ice on it Interviewer: Alright but skim and skiff do you 027: I heard Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 um # Interviewer: and you're talking when you say uh it has and if it gets much colder the the pond may 027: may freeze Interviewer: and it has 027: frozen Interviewer: yeah uh 027: even frozen solid Interviewer: okay yesterday it 027: mm-hmm was frozen solid Interviewer: alright. today it freezes yesterday it 027: was freezing Interviewer: or just yesterday it just a simple past it 027: froze Interviewer: yeah now um this house I want you to tell me about the rooms of the house 027: #1 {NW} it's hard to tell in this house # Interviewer: #2 but I think that while well # what do you call that by the way 027: the atrium Interviewer: okay now 027: we went back to the Roman house Interviewer: #1 uh-huh uh-huh # 027: #2 in the dictionary and found # the atrium as the cool unroofed paved or gravel area that had plants and tinkling fountain where the travelers rested Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and we wanted that sort of Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 atmosphere but we # couldn't have that and so we evolved this with our architect and so we call it an atrium and that is the pronunciation that our dictionary Interviewer: uh-huh 027: gave we have many Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 questions about our # pronunciation Interviewer: how long how long ago did you have the house built? 027: we moved in on July the third seven years ago Interviewer: #1 uh-huh. is that right? # 027: #2 last week. mm-hmm. # Interviewer: now uh you called let's take the house you you lived in 027: #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 most of your you lived in one did you live in one house uh # 027: mother's home, my parents' home Interviewer: okay. now how uh just describe tell me the kind of give me a a description of the rooms in the house and what they were called 027: the uh you entered the front door you came into the living room and between the living room and the dining room there was um um there were book cases with an open space above with columns so that we had we called it the living room and the dining room but it was there were no doors between them it was one area and we had club meetings and so forth we could have a large circle of chairs and behind the living room was the den which was a very small room and the telephone was there and a comfortable couch there was a comfortable sofa in the living room but the one in the den was a couch and behind the dining room was the breakfast room and behind that the kitchen there was a central hall and there was a beadroom and a sleeping porch and a bathroom downstairs then upstairs uh when I was growing up there were two bedrooms and my playroom later there were three bedrooms and still later after my mother was widowed there was an apartment and then she uh enclosed the end of the hall and had a guest room and a bath up there and an apartment which had an outside entrence that came off the front porch the porches were screened and there was a full basement underneath Interviewer: you call the now the now now tell me the rooms in this house 027: the one by the front door is a parlor that is my grandmother {X} parlor furniture out of her parlor and it is I loved grandmother very much and I enjoyed her parlor and I loved her furniture and I have recreated her parlor although hers was large and had red {X} wallpaper and lace Interviewer: #1 mm, uh-huh # 027: #2 curtains and a white fur rug and the tall # tall Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 ceilings and the # chandelier it's the same Interviewer: #1 how do you- what's the difference between a living room then a parlor? # 027: #2 furniture # we're living in the living room it's it's more informal Interviewer: mm-hmm and I I do sit in the parlor and lots of time when someone comes we'll have a cup of tea #1 mm-hmm # 027: #2 in there # the um I first suggested that you do your interviewing in there because it was more private and then I decided that uh you wouldn't find the chairs too comfortable for a long time they're Victorian Interviewer: That would have been okay but the thing that interested me that you said about that that I thought was very uh I thought was very significant {X} 027: #1 yes I felt that # Interviewer: #2 might might be less comfortable # 027: she would be more comfortable in the informal Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 027: #2 atmosphere # of the living room rather than in the formal atmosphere of the Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 parlor # Interviewer: that's good that well that's so so you're thinking. #1 now uh did your grandmother have a living room as well as a parlor? and the parlor was more formal? # 027: #2 yes mm-hmm # the the parlor was closed and we went into the parlor on special occasions and on Christmas the Christmas tree was in the parlor and Interviewer: Oh I see uh-huh 027: this sort of this Interviewer: {NW} did uh in any of the houses you've lived in or your parents or granparents lived in have any of these houses have a separate um a separate kitchen as a separate building 027: #1 uh I think # Interviewer: #2 separate from the house # 027: grandmother McReynolds' house probably had had it was connected to the house from the time I can remember it but that was a very old house and it had still had slave quarters which were used for a a wash house and a storage and this that and the other and I imagine that the kitchen had been separate because it was a separate {D: aisle} and could easily have been connected to the house and there had been changes in the house from time to time Interviewer: now I just wondered if it had a special name um 027: I don't know if it did if it did it would of I know what you're thinking about is a summer kitchen uh there was a house here in Maryville that had one Interviewer: they did use the term summer kitchen though in this 027: #1 and they cooked out there uh # Interviewer: #2 part of the- # 027: in the summer because it was too hot Interviewer: right that's exactly what I was looking for but I- They're- they're very interesting 027: {X} Interviewer: yeah well I haven't I haven't heard that I haven't uh uh that in a single instance of that now now the rooms in this house what 027: uh well starting down the hall there uh there's a guest bathroom and a guest room and uh this little room we call the atrium bedroom it's the room where I work got my type writer in there put up the sewing machine the knitting machine when I want Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 027: #2 to # but it does have uh a trundle bed under a sofa and it has curtains and so forth and so when the children are here I can make it into a bedroom that's very comfortable and acceptable uh so it's sort of dual purpose and then going on back there is the master bathroom and dressing room and the master bedroom Interviewer: mm-hmm and this of course is the living room dining room and then there's the kitchen and the laundry and the cats' room and then outside Bill has a workshop what's the cats' room? 027: #1 it's # Interviewer: #2 is that uh-huh # 027: the room where the cats Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 live # Our cats have cages in their room and it also has a sink Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 027: #2 uh for water supply {X} # Interviewer: that's great 027: they're- they have their draperies with the cat uh design on them so forth Interviewer: well that my my it isn't so strange my sister has uh my sister and brother in law both work and they have uh uh a cat and a dog and they put the cat and dog get along and they keep they have uh they have them in a room and they have the room papered you know {NW} it's really it's just uh it's can we talk about how high the ceiling is can you tell me {X} this room ceiling {X} oh the ceiling is 027: I don't really know it's probably a little over eight feet Interviewer: okay and the smoke goes up the 027: chimney Interviewer: and the part that extends out of the floor 027: the hearth Interviewer: and the part the two things that hold the logs in place 027: andirons {X} Interviewer: and uh you don't have one of these either the thing that goes across the top of the fireplace 027: oh the mantels no we don't have mantels Interviewer: uh-huh 027: we deliberately did not build them Interviewer: now did did you ever call that you remember your parents or grandparents calling it any thing other than the mantel 027: no uh I know it was called at times a chimney shelf but I haven't heard it used you could turn your old mantel pieces Interviewer: uh and you've never heard uh fireboard 027: no I thought the fireboard was the back of the fireplace that reflected the heat Interviewer: alright. they call the fireplace a fireboard too 027: #1 oh the mantel I didn't know that # Interviewer: #2 and the and the the mantel the mantel that that's a a midland expression, it's fairly common {X} # 027: didn't know that at all Interviewer: now a large log that you burn in the fireplace 027: the back log Interviewer: and the uh smaller pieces of wood that you use to start a fire 027: kindling Interviewer: now would you have a a name for the even smaller pieces that you use to get the kindling started, or do think of the kindling as the first? 027: I think of the kindling as the first because we use newspaper and kindling, of course here we have a gas starter but I imagine you're thinking of chips Interviewer: yeah chips or pine or {X} or any of those or fat pine 027: #1 chips # Interviewer: #2 fat {X} # 027: is all I'm familiar with Interviewer: and talking about using it uh saying in the past they use to burn coal 027: #1 mm-hmm in a grate # Interviewer: #2 so yeah # but you're gonna use the word stove and say they burned coal 027: you're thinking of coal stove Interviewer: mm-hmm alright so you'd say they burned coal 027: in a stove Interviewer: yeah this is in reaches into the stove 027: #1 oh oh you put into {NW} burn it in # Interviewer: #2 {X} you don't burn it into right and the black stuff you clean out of a stove pipe # 027: is soot Interviewer: and out of a fireplace 027: oh now you have white ashes Interviewer: yeah that's uh and I'm sitting in a 027: chair Interviewer: #1 and you mentioned before the distinction between the couch and a and a sofa I wish you'd elaborate on that # 027: #2 mm-hmm oh # well it was just to me uh that the sofa in the living room was the new piece Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: uh that was very nice and the couch in the den was uh what one of our friends called an old flopper Interviewer: mm-hmm {NW} but yet you'd do you uh do you think uh uh do you make any distinction between the terms couch and sofa now in terms if you're going to buy furniture 027: um no I would say I was buying a couch and the salesman would say that's a sofa Interviewer: mm-hmm okay so you wouldn't use that was if you used the word 027: I do use the word sofa they have taught me to Interviewer: #1 uh-huh but it's not- # 027: #2 it's not # indigenous Interviewer: alright good now in the bedroom there the uh piece of furniture that has drawers 027: chest of drawers Interviewer: and there's another one that now does a chest of drawers have a mirror 027: not attached to it it may have one hanging over it Interviewer: what about one that has a mirror attached to it 027: would be a bureau or a dresser Interviewer: what's the difference between a bureau and a dresser? 027: I think the bureau was the bigger taller old piece and the dresser um the bureau would be taller like a chest of drawers actually but had a mirror attached and the dresser would uh be lower and you could stand or sit at it Interviewer: #1 do you # 027: #2 and apply make up and so forth # Interviewer: do you think uh between men's and women's uh one for men and one for women's clothes? 027: uh no could be becuase we don't have any we have ours built in Interviewer: uh-huh well I mean when how about when uh 027: Uh well now my mother had a dressing table and a chest of drawers and my father had a chest of drawers and then we had grandmother's bureau {C: laughing} Interviewer: #1 but now # 027: #2 which was just an inherited big piece # Interviewer: but- but a dresser could belong to a man or a woman then 027: I would assume that dresser would belong to a woman actually and a chest of drawers to a man Interviewer: okay and taken together all of these things we've been talking about are all different pieces of 027: would be bedroom furniture Interviewer: alright and they uh in any house that you've lived in or see have you ever seen a bedroom that has a little alcove containing a bed 027: {X} 027: {NW} my friend {B} now wait you mean other than the main there there's a bed in the bedroom and then a little Interviewer: #1 alcove # Interviewer: #2 yes # 027: she had one for her small daughter Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 which later she # used as a sewing room Interviewer: uh-huh did she have a special name for that 027: no I think she called it my little room Interviewer: okay I was wondering if you've ever heard of anything like a sink bedroom 027: huh-uh Interviewer: or a sleeping sometimes a sleeping house is another one 027: no Interviewer: sleeping house or sink bed sink bedroom cuz it's little 027: uh-huh Interviewer: the term but I've never 027: #1 neither have I # Interviewer: #2 {X} but # and on the windows the things you 027: you speaking of shades Interviewer: #1 I # 027: #2 {D: brief} curtains # Interviewer: No I'm talking about now rollers you call them 027: #1 shades # Interviewer: #2 shades # uh and then uh what are blinds do you ever use the term blinds 027: yes we had them all over one house we lived in Interviewer: #1 venetian blinds {X} venetian blinds # 027: #2 venetian blinds # we had blinds outside and venetian blinds inside #1 blinds or # Interviewer: #2 what were # 027: shutters Interviewer: uh-huh 027: that come on the outside and can be closed and you can't open Interviewer: uh-huh 027: move well we have movable shutters over there on the Interviewer: uh-huh 027: past through there uh scale from outdoor blinds I guess Interviewer: okay now um in the bedroom uh the the well the hang the clothes up that is a 027: closet Interviewer: alright and have you ever had a movable one something like that that you could 027: no now Bill's family had a a wardrobe Interviewer: uh-huh 027: that uh it must be what you're talking Interviewer: Yeah but I had a great deal of difficulty with mrs. Toby she uh insisted that she calls the closet the wardrobe 027: many people do Interviewer: yeah 027: uh-huh #1 that's # Interviewer: #2 and # 027: quite true Interviewer: yeah and there's no uh and she uh 027: {NW} no black and white that if that's a wardrobe Interviewer: {X} they moved in it uh uh and some houses uh between the above the ceiling there's a an area sometimes we use it as storage area 027: oh the attic we don't have one of those Interviewer: and the in the kitchen oh what do you call these things here the white you have these white doors what 027: {D: liver door} Interviewer: yeah what's behind those 027: closets Interviewer: those are you call them 027: #1 storage closets # Interviewer: #2 you'd call them yeah # you call I was {NW} I was going to point those out to to mrs Hill but then I thought no I don't know what those were #1 {X} you have to # 027: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: have have you know that opens up a completely different a terms so I avoid it in a kitchen sometimes there's a little place where you uh a small something like a closet we saw can goods and things 027: pantry Interviewer: and you had a little room where you kept old worthless furniture and implements and things like that 027: I figured most people call it a junk room Interviewer: and the and you called the the stuff that you put in there 027: junk Interviewer: okay and every morning someone goes around and 027: sweeps Interviewer: or just yeah sweeps and dusts all of those things together she you might 027: cleans Interviewer: yeah which I asked mrs Hill about that and I said I asked her about {D: read stuff} and she said I got a lot of bad words I use and even I don't use that 027: my grandmother did Interviewer: yeah I know that I think that's uh 027: my German grandmother Interviewer: is that right 027: uh-huh she always read at the table Interviewer: yeah I think that's about two generations but that's interesting maybe it's uh I never thought of it in terms of a of a possible Germanism but it could be 027: she's the only person that ever used it Interviewer: well you hear it a lot in western things you know old fashioned you know that old fashioned um and you sweep the floor with uh 027: broom Interviewer: alright and we're talking about um this in relation to this you could say this is 027: what the ashtray's almost full Interviewer: no he doesn't know but now it's 027: no it's beside it #1 a little lower # Interviewer: #2 lower # uh-huh 027: behind Interviewer: #1 well yeah well I was getting # 027: #2 it okay # Interviewer: in back of or behind it 027: behind Interviewer: alright the uh 027: {X} I might tell you that the supermarket was back of the uh garage I would I would more likely in giving you directions said that one building was back of another one than say it was behind it Interviewer: yeah maybe that has something to do with temporary versus permanant relationships 027: I don't know I hadn't thought Interviewer: #1 {X} yeah sure I # 027: #2 about it before but I just realized when I said behind that I do use back of # Interviewer: do too I wonder why I have I'll think about that that that's uh that's good but if you're talking about something if you're talking about something say the broom and the uh the door would you say it's back of the door or behind the door 027: behind the door Interviewer: okay and uh on Monday traditionally women did their 027: washing Interviewer: and on Tuesday 027: ironing Interviewer: and taken together you'd call that the 027: laundry Interviewer: and to get from the first floor to the second floor you might have to walk up 027: the stairs Interviewer: and outside coming from coming up into the house you might have to walk 027: up steps Interviewer: okay and out you mentioned that um in the house you you had a screened in 027: porches uh-huh Interviewer: uh now does a porch have to what what must a porch have in order to be a porch in your mind 027: uh that's real interesting because I call a terrace a porch half the time because I grew up with #1 porches # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 027: and uh Bill is very opposed to porches and we don't have porches Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: I think a porch has to be um not only attached to the house but uh elevated a little bit and roofed over Interviewer: okay it have to if it didn't now how is a terrace different from a patio 027: I think just because we're not in the west Interviewer: uh-huh 027: because it's an enclosed paved area that comes out of the house which is exactly what a patio is I guess Interviewer: yeah 027: but now we also call it a terrace now that you can't see just beyond this there's a another little place that winds out in the side walk down at the end of the rose bed where we have some chairs and a table and we call that the lower terrace Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and I don't really know why just the terminology we Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 use # Interviewer: uh that's interesting uh but I was wondering about the now would you have a different name for a large porch as opposed to a small one 027: a one that goes all the way around the house or all across the front would probably be a veranda Interviewer: uh-huh 027: but now that's getting into old Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 terminology # Interviewer: and uh just something up in like if you just come up the uh the steps in front of a house and there's just a 027: stoop Interviewer: okay now would that be is that a word you used in your childhood 027: yes Interviewer: okay uh a name for a damp cloth for wiping the floor 027: a rag Interviewer: uh do you this is probably you don't remember them doing the floor with you sand 027: {NW} no but I took my mother's pots and pans out cleaned them with sand after I baked a cake the first time Interviewer: {NW} if the door were open but you didn't want it that way you might tell someone please 027: close the door Interviewer: or not open but 027: shut Interviewer: and on a frame house they sometimes put up uh around the over the over the frame 027: oh siding Interviewer: alright and uh say I think I will get in the car and up to Knoxville and 027: go to Knoxville Interviewer: #1 {X} the car # 027: #2 I'll drive # Interviewer: #1 and yesterday I # 027: #2 uh-huh # drove Interviewer: and I have 027: driven Interviewer: and the out and the outer part of the house that the rain falls on is the 027: the roof Interviewer: yeah and the part that the rain is collected in around the edges 027: uh the gutters Interviewer: now kind of a a multi gabbled house you know that uh uh you know you call that space between where the gabbles come together 027: #1 the peak # Interviewer: #2 and leave # yeah the peaks are up here but 027: #1 oh # Interviewer: #2 then # 027: no I don't the valleys the peaks and the valleys of the roof uh-huh Interviewer: um a uh something a separate building or something built onto the house or or a a little building for utilities uh implements and things 027: uh tool shed utility room Interviewer: now uh before they had indoor plumbing they had 027: outhouses Interviewer: uh any other jocular expressions for that or 027: my grandmother called it the garden house Interviewer: is that right 027: #1 and uh Bill's grandmother # Interviewer: #2 that I had that down here # 027: uh family called it the little house Interviewer: uh-huh that's good the garden house 027: my grandmother called it the garden house and she had roses growing off of it Interviewer: uh that's good uh someone that's telling you his problems and you say you might say I have my troubles I my own troubles 027: I have my own #1 troubles # Interviewer: #2 right # and someone says uh talking about uh a word and might say did you uh have you ever that 027: heard that Interviewer: and you say yes I 027: heard it Interviewer: uh 027: or I have heard it Interviewer: yeah okay um and someone says have you talking about seeing someone today 027: #1 have you see no I have # Interviewer: #2 that I haven't # 027: not seen her Interviewer: uh-huh and what about the use of ain't in your own 027: I had a hard time with ain't because I started uh it probably in junior high as a cute thing to #1 say # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 027: and I had a hard time breaking myself Interviewer: I see but as a small child it wasn't uh 027: no it it was something our our help used but we didn't Interviewer: uh-huh 027: that sort of thing but then I went through this cute period where I picked up many lovely expressions that I have quite a horrible time Interviewer: {NW} uh you know the expression {D: empty} uh meaning wanting to know if you might say to confirm something are you going and something that you might put on the end of a sentence are you going {D: empty} 027: mm-mm Interviewer: That isn't at all familiar alright uh someone asks uh about doing something you say all the time I all the time I 027: yes I do that all the time Interviewer: alright he 027: does it all the time Interviewer: uh-huh and then say you might ask someone else about you would say 027: didn't he do this Interviewer: and does 027: does he or did he or Interviewer: yeah does he what I said the whole thing does he does he 027: {X} Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 well using # Interviewer: do it in that sentence 027: oh does he do it Interviewer: yeah and you said yes he 027: uh-huh he does it yes Interviewer: alright and you say a a person who doesn't uh um take care of {D: whether he} watch out or what he's supposed to do you know you might say {D: he about anything} he's a 027: he doesn't look Interviewer: yeah 027: uh Interviewer: see you've been concerned about him I'd say he doesn't 027: he doesn't care about anything Interviewer: alright and if you wanted to do um uh uh you wanted to confirm something that someone else uh has has said you might say you don't think so 027: do you Interviewer: #1 {D: that sound like you she might be {X}} # 027: #2 uh-huh # Interviewer: uh uh if you're not certain about something you might say I'm not 027: I'm not sure Interviewer: uh 027: half the time the rest of the time I would say certain Interviewer: alright um uh this was more sure as opposed to for sure I'm not 027: never for sure Interviewer: alright um uh have you spoken to so and so you'd say I talking to him when you came over I 027: I was talking to him Interviewer: uh-huh you 027: were talking to him Interviewer: uh and then talk about thinking about something you'd say all day long I 027: I was thinking about you Interviewer: have been 027: I have been yeah Interviewer: yeah uh and someone does something kind a strange your child kind of misbehaves say I wonder him do that I wonder what 027: I wonder made him do that Interviewer: in the in the present though say I wonder what made 027: what makes him Interviewer: yeah and say I don't know if he did that or not but people talk about thinking he did say people 027: people say he did Interviewer: yeah okay and that's fine and do do you and people uh people think he 027: I don't know whether he did that people think he did Interviewer: okay 027: #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 and # the building a person lives in is a 027: well that's a question it's a house but it's also a home Interviewer: okay yeah now what how but what's plural the plural of house say 027: houses Interviewer: alright and the largest out building on a farm 027: it's a barn Interviewer: and the building for storing corn 027: oh dear the granary Interviewer: alright now did do you is that strictly literary or do you you know 027: grandfather had a granary Interviewer: and he kept corn in it 027: he kept grain in it now I don't Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 know if it was # corn Interviewer: #1 no now that # 027: #2 or not # I was a small child Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 when he died # Interviewer: okay well the granary how about corn crib or um 027: #1 now that I have # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: heard that term but I don't know what it what it is Interviewer: okay 027: I'm not much of a farmer Interviewer: uh there a lot of questions about but that's okay we'll {X} uh today upper part of the barn 027: it's the loft Interviewer: and the um a large collection of hay out on in a field 027: the hay stack Interviewer: and uh have you ever seen one with four poles and a sliding roof 027: a hay stack Interviewer: yeah 027: #1 huh-uh # Interviewer: #2 a covering # for a hay stack and at haying time the hay is sometimes tied up in a 027: the hay's not tied in shocks bales Interviewer: yeah well it used to sometime they used to put it in shocks 027: #1 did they # Interviewer: #2 uh yeah # 027: Bill is much more knowledgeable about #1 farm terminology than I # Interviewer: #2 {X} yeah # and the uh shelter for cows something attached to the 027: uh I would think the barn I don't know Interviewer: uh which do do you know the term cow bar or #1 oh cow {X} # 027: #2 oh yes cow barn oh yes # we have all kinds of barns Interviewer: uh-huh 027: hay barns and cow barns and uh-huh Interviewer: and uh and uh and a shelter for horses 027: it would be a stable Interviewer: alright and uh uh place where cows are staked to a pen at milking time outside is a is a 027: that I don't know they milk them inside #1 I think # Interviewer: #2 alright # the uh in terms of milk gap or cow pen they'll {X} alright and a shelter enclosure for hogs 027: would be a pig pen or a pigsty I suppose Interviewer: alright and a uh a place a uh a kind of farm that uh produce milk and butter 027: a dairy farm Interviewer: and a uh place where the stock is kept and fed near the near the barn 027: #1 {X} lot # Interviewer: #2 might be (X) # okay and then a uh a place where the cows a graze 027: in the pasture or meadow Interviewer: alright and to weed cotton with a hoe do you know what that's called 027: chopping cotton I bet Interviewer: okay that's right 027: that's getting down to Mississippi Interviewer: alright yeah uh to um uh any uh you know the name of any kinds of undesirable grass in a in a cotton field 027: not in a cotton field no cuz I don't know anything about cotton I can tell you about all kinds of {X} our yard Interviewer: #1 what kinds what kinds of weeds do # 027: #2 {X} # Well we have Bermuda grass well you can't grow uh any good grass around here blue grass because the Bermuda chokes it anyway and we have Johnson grass and we have crab grass and uh we have {D: plantain} and dandelion and Interviewer: you have uh Johnson grass but is it uh 027: it {X} see this whole subdivision used to be a farm and of the strange things that weren't wanted on the farm still pop up Interviewer: I see {NS} now if you're talking about a um place in the on a farm and you plant something you call that a 027: garden or a field Interviewer: Now what if it's not quite as big as a field 027: I would think it was a garden Interviewer: you have nothing between garden and field then a term 027: I don't believe uncle Hugh does Interviewer: {D: nothing of} planting uh 027: you're thinking of tobacco patch Interviewer: yeah you could use the word patch for something between uh a garden and a field 027: I don't know I think of a tobacco patch as just what I see when they put out the tobacco beds in the spring when they set the plants up cover them with tobacco cloth but everybody here has a tobacco allotment and I think it's a field size Interviewer: uh-huh 027: allotment Interviewer: okay now would you name some different kinds of fences 027: oh uh well we have a wind break out there at the end of each rose bed uh which are wooden fences and there's the Kentucky white wooden fence Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 that's # very pretty there's the picket fence of course there's page chain wire and then there's the farm wire and there's the barbed wire Interviewer: now what's what's a a picket fence 027: it is very much like our wood wind break out there except the pickets are pointed at the top there are narrow boards which are pointed at the top and their decorative Interviewer: how tall are they 027: they can be just about any height #1 {X} guess # Interviewer: #2 you mean if they were two feet # three feet or four feet it wouldn't make any 027: #1 no # Interviewer: #2 difference it would still be # 027: uh-huh Interviewer: picket fence um and do you remember any rail fences {X} 027: yes Interviewer: do you remember what they did they have any special name for for them uh 027: oh I had always just heard them called rail fences now uh Bill will tell you about stakes and riders Interviewer: uh-huh 027: which I think are the uh pieces that are used at the end of so many rails to support them Interviewer: um now did they did they call that did they call fences stake and rider fences around here as far as you know in this 027: #1 I think that something Bill # Interviewer: #2 area # 027: brought with him from Mississippi Interviewer: mm-hmm okay um and when you you're going to put up a fence in every corner you have to drive in a 027: {D: tar post} Interviewer: but a fence yeah alright and you have four of those so you have four 027: four corner post Interviewer: #1 alright # 027: #2 four corners # to fence Interviewer: alright and a um uh if you took the loose rocks and stones out of the field and made what would you call that 027: a wall a stone {D: row} and uh when they just stacked up like this uh we used to call them slave walls because they were usually built by slave labor Interviewer: uh-huh 027: now ours out here uh was built by Bill and Thomas and it's uh the stones uh that he took out of Douglas lake when it was down it was stones that were the the uh foundation for his great great grandfather's house which is built on a land grant from the king in the territory of North Carolina Interviewer: is that right 027: so that's why we have that little stone fence out there Interviewer: and they were transport he transport where'd he he 027: up on Douglas Lake uh Bill took a trip up there when the lake was down and took some then had them get these uh stones out because the farm house uh was under water after the lake came up Interviewer: {X} that was is is Douglas Lake in North Carolina 027: no it's uh up here in Jefferson County Tennessee above Dandridge Interviewer: well how was that I don't understand about the land grant for the house 027: #1 uh what was # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: from the King of England of when this was all North Carolina Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and uh Bill's uh relatives his ancestors settled that long ago but they owned their property by a grant from the King of England Interviewer: I see so uh up north {X} North Carolina then was uh included 027: we it it included all of Tennessee Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and then uh part of Tennessee what is now Tennessee uh from an independent state which was called the state of Franklin Interviewer: yeah 027: which existed for about two years and then we became Tennessee Interviewer: uh-huh yeah I remember I hadn't thought of it cuz I remember when you were mentioning before about the the developments in the late eighteenth century cuz I don't I have in my mind about nothing much happening before eighteen hundred but there certainly was 027: yes there was a lot happening around Interviewer: #1 sure # 027: #2 here # Interviewer: yeah um good dishes are sometimes called 027: are you speaking of china or the Sunday china Interviewer: well what's the difference between those two 027: none as far as I'm concerned except my wedding china which cannot be replaced I use more often uh for company china my everyday china which is more expensive than my wedding china is still my everyday china because it can be replaced Interviewer: I see would you call 027: they are both china I don't have any porcelain Interviewer: I see but you'd call them both uh you you'd call the one Sunday or company 027: good or wedding Interviewer: yeah 027: uh rather than Sunday or company actually my good china Interviewer: but but all of those terms mean the same thing 027: #1 china # Interviewer: #2 now # when you say wedding china is that because you 027: #1 got it at the time I was married it is # Interviewer: #2 specifically got it yeah # 027: mine now my mother's wedding china Interviewer: uh-huh 027: is my mother's wedding china Interviewer: I see okay now do you do you remember with chickens they used to put something into in the nest 027: uh they put some sort of a false egg in Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 to make the hen # think that she had laid one and she would start sitting a nest egg I guess it was Interviewer: #1 you never heard it # 027: #2 called # Interviewer: called the china egg though 027: I'm not sure I'm really not sure because it's not something I'm familiar with Interviewer: okay um the uh um to get water out of a well you might have to put it you have to you to take the water from the well in a 027: in a bucket Interviewer: yeah do you ever call anything else 027: the what the bucket Interviewer: or anything other than bucket 027: um no I guess you're thinking of a pail Interviewer: well I I was wondering if you'd make a distinction between one make of plastic or uh or galvanized uh 027: #1 no we'd call them # Interviewer: #2 would you call # 027: all buckets Interviewer: okay 027: I suppose {X} wooden one was the bucket and the metal one was the pail but I'm not sure Interviewer: {D: no I was gonna called them} all buckets or all pails 027: #1 oh {NW} # Interviewer: #2 I know people who call them wooden pails too # uh they um uh something to take uh food out of the house to feed the hogs you know 027: I guess your taking a bucket Interviewer: alright would you have any would call any special kind of bucket 027: oh the slop bucket Interviewer: #1 sure # 027: #2 sure slop # the hogs Interviewer: right {NW}{NW} If you're going to uh uh fry a couple eggs you do that in a 027: skillet Interviewer: alright um do you remember ever seeing any with legs they used to be used in a fire place 027: the house where my mother grew up had the big fire place across the #1 kitchen and they kept the old # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 027: uh utensil Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 there for show # Interviewer: do do you remember what that was called 027: I think it was called a spider Interviewer: okay uh and the heavy iron vessel with large opening that used to hang down in a 027: a kettle Interviewer: alright uh and what's another thing that their sometimes called a kettle 027: pot maybe Interviewer: yeah now do you make a distinction between those two terms do they uh have different 027: #1 to me # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: a pot is something you make coffee in and a kettle is something that hangs in the fire place and a pan is anything that I cook in I don't cook in pots Interviewer: okay 027: lots of people do Interviewer: yeah 027: it doesn't occur to me that Interviewer: #1 pots and pans # 027: #2 their pots # Interviewer: even if it's something like 027: #1 they're all pans # Interviewer: #2 coffee pot # 027: a coffee pot and the pans I cook in Interviewer: I see and then the and the other is the and the kettle is the 027: would be something that uh #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 would be {X} tea # tea kettle too wouldn't you 027: yes Interviewer: okay and something you put cut flowers in 027: a vase Interviewer: and uh at the table you have three implements a uh 027: knife fork spoon Interviewer: and you have a butter let's say you have at one 027: a butter spreader and salad fork Interviewer: yeah and you can take butter take butter spreader and a carving knife take those together say now I have two 027: two knives and a fork Interviewer: okay and after dinner one says now I must wash the dishes I must 027: wash the dishes Interviewer: and she holds she holds the dish under uh clear water she 027: is rinsing it Interviewer: alright and the food from the dish with the piece of cloth 027: she's scraping it Interviewer: #1 yeah what would she # 027: #2 wiping it # Interviewer: piece of cloth though what might #1 the cloth # 027: #2 oh # a dish rag Interviewer: alright and uh to dry the dish uh 027: a dish towel Interviewer: and uh a uh piece of cloth used in the bathroom for washing the face 027: wash cloth Interviewer: and dry yourself with a 027: towel Interviewer: the water at the uh sink comes out the 027: faucet Interviewer: and uh at the yard at the side of the house if you're gonna put you put the hose up to the 027: I still call it a faucet #1 y father called it # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 027: a spigot Interviewer: okay and how about uh on a barrel 027: is that a tap Interviewer: well that's that's fine uh say water last night the temperature dropped below forty-two the water in the pipe uh froze and then the pipe 027: expanded Interviewer: and then it 027: burst Interviewer: okay um something uh that pickles used to be stored in 027: oh a barrel Interviewer: alright and molasses and lard and things like that were shown in a 027: oh um in a big tin um lard can huh Interviewer: okay you know the term stand for something like that 027: huh-uh no Interviewer: um might pour uh sugar or something from a uh larger container into a smaller one and use a 027: oh um {X} Interviewer: #1 yeah sure # 027: #2 are you thinking of # Interviewer: um and if you're driving a horse you might have to crack uh 027: whip Interviewer: and you put a if you get a dozen oranges at the store at the grocery and put them {X} in a 027: in a bag Interviewer: {X} 027: or a sack Interviewer: yeah and that'd by made of what 027: oh paper or these days plastic mesh Interviewer: now alright now when you you ment- you were talking before about the use of the word pope 027: oh yes Interviewer: alright now but when you were a child was that a perfectly 027: that's what I had heard I do not know if I heard it from my family or the help but I always said paper poke until that time my godmother embarrassed Interviewer: #1 and how old were you uh # 027: #2 me so # uh seven or eight Interviewer: alright well uh where was your grandmother from 027: #1 now this was my godmother # Interviewer: #2 she was # 027: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: grown up here Interviewer: #1 I see # 027: #2 with my mother # Interviewer: #1 I see # 027: #2 and had # come back to visit Interviewer: I see okay um uh a large uh bag or sack that uh oh say a hundred pounds of potatoes would be put in what would 027: I have no idea a burlap bag Interviewer: #1 alright # 027: #2 I guess # Interviewer: do you know the term uh either uh a croker sack or tow sack I have used tow sack because Bill would say croker sack #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 I # don't know why Interviewer: that's that {X} tow sack is a north of the Chattahoochee 027: #1 oh really # Interviewer: #2 River # tow sack and and uh in Georgia anyway 027: uh-huh Interviewer: midland and then and south of there croker sack croker sack is southern and and tow sack is south midland 027: #1 is that right uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 and {X} # the amount of corn or meal that you could carry to a mill at one time might be called a 027: oh riding load I guess Interviewer: alright and if as much as you carry in your arms the uh 027: what a hundred pound sack Interviewer: well no just if you kinda went out to the wood shed and then and loaded up the {X} 027: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: an armload of wood Interviewer: #1 alright # 027: #2 and uh # Interviewer: and do you ever use the term a turn {X} you said no but would is it is that term familiar to you a turn of meal or flour or a turn of corn 027: um a turn of some vegetable like a turn of of something you've been cooking like it was one cooking word I made a turn of pancakes the bible #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Now I wanted to ask you some more about that turn would you you you didn't just mean because you turn it over 027: no it's a batch Interviewer: uh-huh 027: uh a turn Interviewer: what other kinds of things would you use {X} 027: I don't know really just a batch of anything that you uh are making Interviewer: {X} cookies 027: no it would it would more of a project I can turn jam or jelly or Interviewer: uh-huh 027: this sort of thing Interviewer: I see 027: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: huh-uh Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 {X} # Interviewer: that's interesting uh {X} 027: {X} Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 {X} # Interviewer: yup one of the 027: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: basket Interviewer: and something smaller than uh than uh barrel the mail might come in 027: a big keg Interviewer: and I don't know but I I might have asked this yesterday {X} 027: are staves Interviewer: yeah no the staves are kept in place by 027: are by the ra- uh rams I guess Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 they're metal # Interviewer: yeah you can call them rams or you call them rings or you could call them uh there were kids oh five or ten years ago used to play with these things 027: #1 hoop of course # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: hoops Interviewer: uh-huh and something you put in the top of a bottle 027: cork Interviewer: now {X} and still call it that 027: I would think so that if it went in like a cork does if it were a metal thing that clamped on you call it a cap Interviewer: uh-huh but you'd call it a a rubber cork 027: #1 I would call it a # Interviewer: #2 you might say {X} # 027: cork now we uh open a bottle of champagne and that had a plastic cork Interviewer: #1 huh okay # 027: #2 and that's what we call it # Interviewer: that's what I was getting at now uh uh a music instrument that you blow in about this long 027: a French horn okay Interviewer: #1 now yeah # 027: #2 French harp I'm sorry # Interviewer: and now oh that's right oh well is there any thing else you call it 027: it is a har-{X} a harmonica Interviewer: okay and one that you hold between your teeth and twang 027: the only thing I've ever heard that called is a Jew's harp #1 and we used to call it juice # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 027: harp Interviewer: yeah uh-huh yeah both of those are 027: does it have another name Interviewer: no Jews harp is the uh is the uh official name they they uh as a I guess in deference to to a to fear of anti-Semitism or something they call them jaws harp the euphemism a jaws harp 027: oh really Interviewer: yeah there fact there's a book by a Roy Smeck that I found the how play it's instruction book how to play the jaws harp 027: oh Interviewer: and I think they in the beginning there's a very phony kind of history of the of the instrument and and he says that it was originally called the jaws harp but {X} yeah but they call it a bruise harp now there are a number of things they try to avoid calling it #1 {X} uh Jews harp # 027: #2 uh-huh # Interviewer: now I don't know how it ever got the name though but it uh they uh something that you pound nails with 027: a hammer Interviewer: and the part of a wagon that comes up between the uh 027: uh-huh the tongue Interviewer: two horses and a buggy goes up on either side of it a uh 027: the wheels Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 the buggy # Interviewer: parts that goes up on either side of the of the uh of the horse just one horse 027: oh oh oh oh {D: when it meets between the shafts} Interviewer: yeah right and on a wooden wheel the outer part of the wooden wheel that the uh the metals that nail down the outer part of the of the wheel 027: it's the ram i guess Interviewer: yeah uh now uh now that's the metal part 027: uh-huh Interviewer: alright uh on a wooden wheel 027: #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 {X} # the uh do you know what the wooden part underneath it is called 027: the circular part Interviewer: yeah 027: no I don't you have the spokes Interviewer: yeah but but the spokes 027: uh which are connected to the um huh to the center and to the outer rim but I don't know if the outer rim is #1 is called # Interviewer: #2 yeah well that's the # yeah that's something that's called the felly but 027: never heard of it Interviewer: now but part of a of a wagon is that the horses actually pull on thing that that thing that comes across in the back that they uh 027: it's a something tree single tree Interviewer: alright now have you ever heard of a now that I think that's the one that each horse pulls on but then sometimes there's one that goes all the way across of the you ever heard it called the double tree {NS} 027: I guess I have #1 I think I've # Interviewer: #2 that # 027: read it more than I've heard it Interviewer: uh-huh now if someone going back and forth with uh uh truck or a a wagon moving uh uh moving dirt uh or something you might say he was 027: hauling dirt Interviewer: and uh talking about uh dragging something out of of a field did he drag it out you say yes he 027: he dragged it out or drug it out Interviewer: do both both of those sound uh 027: neither sounds correct to me because I don't know which is correct Interviewer: uh-huh 027: quickly Interviewer: yeah but I mean but but neither one sounds uh 027: I have heard both Interviewer: uh-huh okay 027: I guess it's drag dragged drugged he had drug Interviewer: okay 027: I guess Interviewer: #1 okay that's fine okay # 027: #2 I'd have to look it up huh # Interviewer: uh the uh uh uh thing that you break up dirt with uh attached to the back of uh 027: #1 uh plow or a harrow # Interviewer: #2 a tractor yeah # now are there any different kinds of plows 027: #1 oh yes and # Interviewer: #2 and harrows # 027: Bill {X} could tell you every one of Interviewer: #1 huh you don't know the names of the # 027: #2 them but I can't # Interviewer: there are any of the harrow that comes up like this you don't distinguish one of the now the the part of it of the we're talking the wheel before that part there is the hub 027: #1 of course # Interviewer: #2 now # but now the in- what is goes into the hub 027: oh I really don't know Interviewer: um 027: #1 the axel # Interviewer: #2 um # sure 027: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: uh-huh Interviewer: and say it again I think I was 027: axel Interviewer: uh now if you were going to saw and and you saw fire firewood saw a whole log put that up on a thing that kind of X frame 027: uh-huh I don't know what it is Interviewer: well there alright have you ever you know the A you've seen the ones that kind of a A frame that has is kinda kinda flat on top and a carpenter would use that 027: #1 oh # Interviewer: #2 and then # 027: a saw horse Interviewer: yeah now would you call it a saw horse also if it were shaped in this 027: I have no idea Interviewer: X frame 027: I don't know Interviewer: well that 027: be more of a cradle wouldn't it Interviewer: well sometimes it's called sometimes it's called a sawbuck 027: oh Interviewer: that's why a ten dollar bill is called a sawbuck because it's an X 027: my lesson for today Interviewer: {NW} uh the uh and you might use a comb on your hair or you might use a 027: brush Interviewer: and when you do that you say going to 027: brush my hair Interviewer: and to sharpen a straight razor 027: you strop Interviewer: alright and you in in a rifle you put a 027: cartridge Interviewer: and uh uh something children play with play on one sits on either end it goes up and down 027: seesaw Interviewer: and when they do that you say they're 027: seesawing Interviewer: alright have you ever seen a limber plank that's suspended on both ends it's anchored at either end and it's a long plank that kids jump up and down 027: teeter totter Interviewer: now that's and that's different from a 027: seesaw Interviewer: okay um and a home made merry go round remember a 027: huh-huh Interviewer: a uh it's something that would be suspended from a a have you ever heard of a thing like a ridey horse or a worley gig or a a flying jenny or a uh just a merry go round 027: uh no a ridey horse to me is a Interviewer: it's a hobby horse 027: uh-huh that sort of thing something that one child gets on and plays with Interviewer: i see now uh something suspended from a tree or a bar that has get's uh 027: a swing Interviewer: and it with a coal stove a person might have a small container next to the stove to keep keep uh 027: uh-huh a resevoir for water Interviewer: no {NW} 027: no no no {NW} Interviewer: now this is just with a little coal stove may have a coal coal coal house or a coal pile 027: #1 {X} a coal stove # Interviewer: #2 out in the back yeah # 027: beside it unless it was {D: brice} and then it would be a coal hearth Interviewer: is that right you distinguish the two on the we had a cole skillet came up and down from the basement 027: #1 and a cole # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 027: hearth that stayed on the fire place Interviewer: oh that's interesting that's an interesting distinction the uh uh on a stove the on a stove the part that goes up is a the thing you clean out and clean the uh soot out of 027: oh the stove pipe Interviewer: sure and this has one wheel and two handles people use it to a 027: {D: draft} {D: to adjust the drove} Interviewer: no this is no this is something that we're back outside again {X} this has just this has one wheel 027: oh excuse me I was back on the #1 stove # Interviewer: #2 yeah # and this that is something that you might use on the garden or they use in construction work has a large um bed and then two two two of the long handles that come back and one wheel in the front 027: wheel barrel {NW} Interviewer: and a portable sharpening stone something you hold in your hand 027: a whetstone Interviewer: and on that would be uh uh fixed on a stand with a 027: a grindstone Interviewer: alright and um you left your you got in your 027: car Interviewer: now have you ever called that anything else 027: I don't {D: Micheal Tray} always called his his machine but he lived in Saint Louis Interviewer: and uh but but you've never 027: I can never call it an automobile Interviewer: uh okay you'd never use the term automobile except with uh 027: in discussing uh maybe when I didn't um oh if I was if I were talking about something like uh display of Rolls Royce Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and Bentlys Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 I would say those # automobiles Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 on display # were very elegant Interviewer: if you're talking about it it if you said you're going to go down and buy a new a new car #1 or would you say I'm going down to the # 027: #2 uh-huh # Interviewer: what would you put before dealer 027: uh probably the brand #1 name # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 027: of the car rather than just Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 car dealer # Interviewer: I see but if someone were to if someone wanted to just sold cars and you didn't know what kind of cars he sold would you call him a a 027: car dealer I guess Interviewer: rather than automobile dealer 027: uh-huh yes Interviewer: and when you take a car into a service station you put it up on a the put it up 027: #1 a grease rack # Interviewer: #2 on a # alright and uh they and so you say that he did what to the car he 027: greased it Interviewer: alright and the surface that had to uh wash off the service because it #1 was # 027: #2 it was # greasy Interviewer: alright and they might also change the 027: oil Interviewer: now what if probably what would you call I said service station would you call it a service station say I've gotta go down to the 027: half the time and the other time we call it a filling station Interviewer: okay it just 027: #1 I think the # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 027: term is changing Interviewer: uh-huh 027: #1 and we # Interviewer: #2 you don't` # call it a gas station 027: no Interviewer: #1 filling station or # 027: #2 or # service station Interviewer: okay and uh before they had electricity people used to burn 027: kerosene which we often call coal oil Interviewer: alright did you ever make one or see one of these lamps made just a make shift lamp or torch made with a rag and bottle and a uh 027: I don't think I've ever seen one I know the principle Interviewer: uh-huh and now uh a days tires are different but there was a time when tires were uh 027: {D: is that a tube} Interviewer: yeah what what would you call that uh 027: tubes Interviewer: would you call any {X} 027: oh an inner tube of course Interviewer: now if you were in if someone uh bought a new boat and then took it down to the water for the first time you'd say they're going to 027: launch the boat Interviewer: okay and now would you name some different kinds of small not uh small boats that are propelled by oars rather than motors 027: oh canoes and skiffs and um dinghies uh um um pirogue Interviewer: now is pirogue a literary original term is pirogue used around here 027: no I got that down in the gulf Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 coast # Interviewer: but uh it is it what about a kind of a homemade one that might have kind of a squared front 027: uh that as far as I know would just be a row boat Interviewer: okay jon boat or or bateau neither of those is 027: bateau again gets down in the gulf #1 coast to me # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # uh someone might ask you uh uh wants to know when you're planning to uh to make a trip and the answer is today you say I I am 027: I'm leaving today Interviewer: uh-huh and {X} using go 027: going today Interviewer: uh we 027: we are going today Interviewer: they 027: they are going today Interviewer: and someone is passing by passing out free samples and you don't they skip you and you might say and 027: am I entitled to one Interviewer: alright with using get and 027: am I am I going to get one Interviewer: yeah I'm sorry I didn't I 027: #1 I didn't understand the get I thought you said guess # Interviewer: #2 sure yeah uh-huh # if uh a child is uh running around a house trying to find a couple items of clothing you might say here 027: here are your clothes Interviewer: and you'd say I don't think so if you want to say many people that think so say that I don't think so but there 027: they do Interviewer: there 027: everybody does Interviewer: well using uh would you ever say there's many people think so 027: no I'd say there are many Interviewer: #1 alright # 027: #2 people who think so # Interviewer: and now the expression right smart 027: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 uh # do you use it uh in 027: a facetious way #1 but it is uh # Interviewer: #2 I see # 027: a common term Interviewer: now how how would you use it 027: um let's see uh it would be uh we had right smart rain Interviewer: uh-huh 027: or uh I got right smart amount of window washing #1 done today # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 027: #1 that sort it's a # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 027: {D: climate daily} Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 thing # Interviewer: but you you'd say that about um uh you might use it though but it would be facetious 027: uh-huh Interviewer: alright um you might uh uh move over to pet a dog and the dog shies away from you and you you say going to hurt hurt you might say I 027: I wont hurt you Interviewer: going to hurt you alright 027: I'm not gonna hurt you Interviewer: uh and your not curtain you're right about something and you might say I'm right #1 {X} # 027: #2 I think # Interviewer: yeah but you you wanna put a you say I'm I'm right and then use I in that second part I'm right 027: I'm right I think I know I'm curtain Interviewer: you're not curtain though you just uh you want to confirm it with someone else #1 and you want to yeah # 027: #2 oh I right aren't I # uh-huh Interviewer: uh and uh someone thanks you very much for going someplace and doing something you'd say oh that's alright going to do it anyway we 027: we were going anyway Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 we were going to the town anyway # glad to take you Interviewer: someone says did you did you break that window and you say no it 027: it was broken Interviewer: #1 it what # 027: #2 when I came # Interviewer: you didn't do it you say no it was it wasn't 027: #1 no oh # Interviewer: #2 no it # 027: it was not I who did it Interviewer: alright now would you say that usually in uh 027: if I were thinking Interviewer: uh-huh 027: if not I might say no I don't say it wasn't me Interviewer: #1 huh # 027: #2 I think # I would say it wasn't I Interviewer: okay um if you want to know if someone's going someplace you might ask them 027: are you going Interviewer: yup now in observing folk's speech around here do you have you do you hear uh or have you heard people using be seriously saying be you going 027: {D: Thomas does} Interviewer: uh-huh and if you um you went into a store and they had a new food product they wanted you to try and they might give you a piece you'd call that a free 027: sample Interviewer: alright and would you use that for cloth if you if you were going to uh 027: oh let me huh let's see what do you say um let me have a piece off that I believe is what you say I am not a great fabric buyer Interviewer: uh-huh if um talking about a dress and someone might say now that's a what dress that's a 027: that's a pretty dress Interviewer: alright and this other dress is even 027: even prettier Interviewer: and over uh her dress when a woman's cooking she might wear a 027: an apron Interviewer: and this is a 027: I think it's a pan Interviewer: alright and something that you use to put together or hold together a baby's diaper 027: it's a p- uh uh a pin sorry Interviewer: alright and uh 027: I started to call it a pencil {NW} Interviewer: um the uh uh a uh a beggar might have a 027: cup Interviewer: and what what are they freq- traditionally made of 027: a tin cup Interviewer: alright and a um uh another word you might call it a dime or you might call it 027: ten cents Interviewer: yeah and over a shirt a man might wear a 027: vest or a waistcoat or a sweater now what about a waistcoat what what is that Interviewer: #1 is it different from a vest # 027: #2 um # uh yes it's more formal goes with um with a morning coat am I correct I'm not real sure Interviewer: but uh a man bought a business suit and ordinary business suit you'd call that 027: a vest Interviewer: alright and we're talking about a coat you'd say that coat has buttons {X} that coat has buttons 027: on it Interviewer: yeah and these are 027: pants Interviewer: can you call them anything else 027: trousers Interviewer: anything else 027: slacks perhaps Interviewer: alright never britches 027: #1 no {NW} well now hunting # Interviewer: #2 {NW} okay # 027: #1 uh hunting britches perhaps yes # Interviewer: #2 yeah alright or riding # 027: uh-huh Interviewer: someone might ask you did you bring that and you say yes I have 027: I brought it Interviewer: um uh tried that coat you tried that coat on yesterday and and you might you say I tried that coat on yesterday and the coat 027: fit Interviewer: uh and he he bought the pants and the coat that matched uh that was a 027: suit Interviewer: and not an old one it was a 027: new suit Interviewer: alright and the the pock- the pockets are all filled up with things the pockets really 027: bulge Interviewer: and the the collar was not the shirt was not the same size and so the collar 027: shrank Interviewer: alright it has 027: shrunk Interviewer: alright and we're talking and we say it it might 027: shrink Interviewer: okay you ever call have you ever called it anything else 027: no Interviewer: have you heard another 027: um uh no I don't think so Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 you # you might hear shrunk shrunken or something like that Interviewer: now I was thinking of {D: drop} oh yes drop 027: #1 I haven't heard that in years uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 huh yeah that's not # uh part of your vocabulary 027: {NW} with it's um vocabulary that I Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 recognize # Interviewer: it's not something that you you likely use 027: no Interviewer: if uh uh say uh girl likes to stand in front of the mirror and put on different clothing say she she really likes to 027: preen or primp Interviewer: uh now does primp usually is that usually limited to to to uh to makeup or is that 027: uh it implies makeup but also I think but also the entire process of being put together Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 properly # and and spending excessive time at this Interviewer: and how about preen is that the same thing or is that 027: preen is sort of admiring yourself Interviewer: #1 okay # 027: #2 I think # Interviewer: what about a man who did this what would you use that's the same words for a man 027: um no you'd more likely say he was vain or um that he was strutting in front of the mirror Interviewer: #1 okay # 027: #2 I think # Interviewer: that's good uh uh something you might take and carry in your hands you're going to the store you might have a 027: a purse Interviewer: okay and something you might wear on your wrist not a watch but a 027: bracelet Interviewer: and something uh you wear around your neck 027: a necklace or possibly a a chain or beads or pearls Interviewer: now if your if your pearls or beads you might what would you call that a what of beads or 027: a string of yeah a string of beads or uh Interviewer: #1 string of pearls # 027: #2 string of pearls # a strand of pearls more likely and I don't know why Interviewer: okay that's interesting now uh #1 {X} # 027: #2 {NW} cuz it # sounds more elegant like vase Interviewer: #1 {NW} someone once said McDavid tells a story # 027: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: person very seriously told him he said uh you know vase and vase and the person gave both {X} person says vase or vase and he says what do you mean vase or vase and he says well if it's over three three dollars and fifty cents 027: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} it's a vase # something a man might wear over his shoulders to hold his pants up 027: oh suspenders and they also can be called galluses Interviewer: okay uh and you open this up on a rainy day 027: an umbrella Interviewer: and over the when the bed's being made the last thing you put on 027: is the bed spread Interviewer: now is that ever called anything else 027: depends on what it's made of the one uh in the guest room could be called a counterpane Interviewer: now what's the difference between a counterpane and uh and uh bedspread 027: uh a counterpane is um a woven I think of it as a white uh something that is washable and uh durable Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 whereas # bedspread to me is more likely to be something that is made of a uh finer fabric that's Interviewer: #1 I see # 027: #2 more decorative # Interviewer: uh and something you put your head on that's a 027: pillow Interviewer: what about a long one that might go 027: oh that is a bolster Interviewer: and when you talk about that you say that bolster goes a bed it goes 027: across the bed Interviewer: not part way 027: #1 across the # Interviewer: #2 it goes # 027: head of the bed Interviewer: yeah it doesn't go part way across the 027: #1 no it goes # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: all the way across Interviewer: okay and you don't would would you ever use anything else besides all the way like clean slam jam or 027: #1 {NW} no I've heard clean and plum both # Interviewer: #2 plum none of those yeah # uh and something like a blanket except it's uh it might be women make these or have 027: oh an afghan alright yeah but this is something Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 or a # throw Interviewer: uh 027: #1 a coverlet is # Interviewer: #2 now # 027: what you're Interviewer: #1 well coverlet is one # 027: #2 thinking # Interviewer: now co- coverlet is that something that's 027: #1 no it's # Interviewer: #2 tied or {X} # 027: woven Interviewer: alright 027: {X} woven on a loom Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 and it's # of wool Interviewer: yeah well that's one thing that now something that might not be {B} might be made of cotton {X} 027: oh your quilt Interviewer: alright now you know any of these that are tied rather than sewn 027: uh-huh you tie a comfort Interviewer: okay 027: uh and it often is filled with wool or down Interviewer: okay 027: and it's made of silk or uh satin tight material rather than cotton and it's mostly quilt {X} quilt Interviewer: huh but that and that would still be 027: #1 that is a {X} # Interviewer: #2 that's not just puff # 027: puffy sort of thing that tied uh at regular intervals rather than being intricately stitched Interviewer: #1 I see # 027: #2 in a pattern # as a quilt is Interviewer: a bed made on the floor is called a 027: a pallet Interviewer: and what and land that is very productive is called 027: fertile and land low lying land Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 bottom # bottom Interviewer: alright now uh low lying grass land might be called a 027: a meadow I don't know Interviewer: yeah that's just exactly right and now one that uh low lying grass land that's uh either open uh you could tell me if it's open or overgrown and there's water standing in there all the time 027: uh that's a swamp Interviewer: uh now what would you call one along the sea 027: uh marsh Interviewer: and and that is that distinction you make between the swamp and a marsh 027: um um a marsh has grass yes it would be a salt marsh and a swamp uh has not only grass but trees all kinds of things and it very often is has enough vegetation you think you could walk on it but you can't Interviewer: would you always thing of a swamp as something overgrown rather than 027: #1 yes I think # Interviewer: #2 over # 027: so uh although there are water ways through the swamps Interviewer: uh-huh {X} uh sometime in along the coast you see a tall grass like water in there {X} 027: salt marsh Interviewer: yeah that that's what salt marsh 027: I think Interviewer: alright uh what do you call poor soil do you have a 027: oh used to say red clay {NW} other than poor soil I don't know unless you would go into the fact that it was clay or heavily embedded with limestone Interviewer: alright yeah uh do you ever what does the word {D: lull} mean it's very sandy fertile lush soil 027: #1 we don't have any of that around here # Interviewer: #2 okay that's good soil though # 027: excellent Interviewer: and uh what would you call rich black soil 027: I don't know unless it's good black dirt Interviewer: alright if um uh there was a uh some low land and the farmer wanted to get the water off you'd say uh now they are what the marshes 027: they gonna drain Interviewer: alright and they uh and they'd have to cut a 027: a channel Interviewer: and a um shallow arm of the sea you know uh water 027: oh an inlet uh a harbor Interviewer: yeah inlet's fine {D: tight like a tapestry} 027: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 {X} # a narrow or deep valley of a small stream 027: of a small stream Interviewer: yeah a smalls stream running down at the bottom 027: that's a young stream but I don't know what uh Interviewer: well would you um what would you call a channel cut by erosion erode or 027: I would just call it eroded Interviewer: I would would you ever use the term gully 027: oh yes of course I more often use it in terms of describing a very hard rain out in the country Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 you might say # this is a gully washer Interviewer: uh-huh but I mean you wouldn't 027: I would not say I saw a gully it wouldn't occur to me I've heard it Interviewer: what would you call it that 027: I would just say uh uh deeply eroded area Interviewer: okay now but uh do you ever use the term ravine 027: no Interviewer: or hollow or a wash or 027: now hollow yes because of the hollow back in hill Interviewer: uh-huh 027: meaning more to me a little pocket Interviewer: #1 like cold or something like uh-hug # 027: #2 area yes uh-huh # Interviewer: now uh what small fresh water stream well there all fresh water streams now what what stream are there around here beginning with some of the smallest ones going to the 027: Maryville is surrounded by Pistol Creek Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and we don't know why it's called Pistol Creek it is on the earliest maps Interviewer: it goes all the way around 027: it goes completely around the town and that's why the town is built on a ridge so that in times of um epidemic there was excellent drainage Interviewer: uh-huh 027: uh down to the creek on both sides and then there are several good springs until about ten years ago we got our water here from springs entirely there's Pearson Spring right down here below us is a very large spring and there was Hannum spring over about where the shopping center is and {X} Spring uh which is now under the road under the new road um uh uh springs that I can think of immediately they were of the rivers in the mountains there is the Pigeon and the Little Pigeon and the Little Tennessee and then of course on down there's Tellico and North River Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and then the river that you came and crossed yesterday at Knoxville is the Tennessee River Interviewer: #1 sure # 027: #2 and the uh # area at Knoxville itself is the Fort Loudoun embayment of the Tennessee River Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 so # {X} the Fort Loudoun Dam Interviewer: now what about do you have any sm- now you have Pistol Creek are there any other creeks 027: Stock Creek is out a little bit uh from town there quite a few creeks I can't think of any names Interviewer: #1 is # 027: #2 of them right now # Interviewer: is there uh in your mind a difference between a creek and branch 027: a branch is a spring branch Interviewer: okay now is there any uh uh would you call is that something that comes from a spring 027: #1 yes uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 you mean you're talking about one of these # these springs around here 027: yes there's a nice branch down here that uh when we go down Sandy Springs Road we cross over a small bridge and that's over the spring branch from Pearson Spring Interviewer: I see 027: the branch is fed with the clear cool water from the spring it often has watercress growing in it and uh a pleasant Interviewer: #1 alright # 027: #2 place to picnic # Interviewer: and you and you but you wouldn't call you don't really identify that by name you just I mean as anything other than its it's a spring branch from 027: #1 Pearson Spring uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 from from a particular spring # I see uh um now elevations of land from the smallest to the highest what would you can just a a very slight elevation a well like right out in back here you might call it 027: that's a terrace which we've we Interviewer: #1 alright # 027: #2 named{NW} # Interviewer: if it were natural what would you call it 027: just a delightfully flat piece of land Interviewer: #1 well if it comes up # 027: #2 I {X} # Interviewer: #1 a a little bit # 027: #2 it slopes # or it's hilly or uh rolling rolling I think of as more of the hills and then we get to the foot hills out here and the nobs now that might be a term that uh Interviewer: yeah we have that he but now what is a nob from a a how is a nob different from a 027: it's a little round hill Interviewer: #1 alright # 027: #2 and there are lots # of them near the foot hills and you uh often would hear the old farmers say their cattle had gotten lost up in the nobs Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and it was a specific area up uh tall Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 hills # but they're round Interviewer: uh-huh 027: they're knobby lookin Interviewer: and are are they ju-ju is each of these a name or 027: I'm sure they have I don't know of any which are named but I'm sure if we got out the map of the Interviewer: #1 huh # 027: #2 mountains # for instance we would find each one is Interviewer: #1 and then # 027: #2 named # Interviewer: the higher the 027: #1 higher # Interviewer: #2 uh # 027: the knobs come the foothills {X} Interviewer: It's right down the road this way is this the entire Smoky Mountains the entire 027: the back range that Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 you see # is a part of the Smoky Mountains the first mountain that you see out here with the cut on it is Chilhowee Mountain Interviewer: uh-huh 027: uh which is uh a little mountain Interviewer: now where is uh and that is that Clingman's Dome is that uh 027: that's uh at the it's one of the crest peaks of the Smokys Interviewer: uh-huh 027: the highest up Interviewer: #1 {D: can you see that in the mirror} # 027: #2 the highest mountains # no Interviewer: now the one now it seemed to me that I saw one that was it looked like it was {D: colvin} on the top it looked 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: and that's Chilhowee Mountain 027: no that would be a gap in Chilhowee #1 Mountain looking # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 027: out this way you see Butterfly Gap and then you see uh Myers gap and back uh toward {X} the hospital has a beautiful view of Walland Gap and these are actually the the passes in the Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 mountains that the # early settlers came through Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and they called them gaps Interviewer: but they they came right {X} over the top of that 027: #1 this is true # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 yeah right over the top of the # mountain there 027: so did the Indians see they followed the Indian trails Interviewer: uh-huh 027: our road that goes up Chilhowee Mountain was built by the Indians and they were paved in calico {C:paid?} Interviewer: is that right 027: yes in my parents' lifetime Interviewer: is that so 027: uh-huh Interviewer: {X} is there a road that goes all the way up the mountain 027: there is now uh the foothills parkway goes across the top of Chilhowee Mountain and when it is completed will join the blue ridge parkway Interviewer: uh-huh 027: will be part of the Appalachian Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 a trail # and uh we ha- through a lot of Bill's work had a county road which uh exits onto the foothills parkway so that we from here can go across Chilhowee Mountain and across the little mountain and across uh no Brown's Mountain's out here Chilhowee Mountain and little mountain and get onto the parkway Interviewer: well it seemed to me as I drove down that way that it looked like the tallest of the mountain there were two of them down there it seemed now what are those is that 027: uh there are a couple of the balds in the Smokys I do not know their names and my cousin Charleston could stand right here and identify every one of them for you Interviewer: what now where where {X} is the rest of the Smokys are they behind uh these or 027: no they go on up east Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and down see you hit the blue ridge when you uh Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 get down uh # Interviewer: #1 # 027: #2 # and the whole range is actually called the Smokys which is a part of #1 the Appalachian # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 027: #1 range # Interviewer: #2 but # now is is the rest of them up there on Gatlinburg is that where is that where um 027: #1 Gatlinburg # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: uh you go across Clingman's Dome you see above Gatlinburg and then uh the mountains go on east up into Virginia Interviewer: how far up does road is there is there a road on Clingman's Dome is that 027: I do have to walk the last um I have no idea because I don't hike it's a nice hike your best hike your tallest peak in the eastern United States is Mount Le Conte and this is an overnight hike there's a lodge up there Interviewer: and when was is that in North Carolina 027: it's in Tennessee Interviewer: I thought Clingman's Dome was the highest elevation here 027: uh Mount Le Conte's the highest Interviewer: is that right {C: it isn't} 027: uh-huh Interviewer: okay 027: quite certain Interviewer: yes the {D: maps} are wrong I I thought I'm sure I saw that uh uh that Clingman's Dome is mentioned all the time I thought 027: it's uh what's the elevation of Clingman's Dome three thousand Mount Le Conte is taller Interviewer: and and is that over near Gatlinburg 027: in that area Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 yes # Interviewer: it is that where the Smokys end just north of there is it 027: no they go on up up toward Virginia into Virginia Interviewer: oh is there still Smoky up there in in in uh the north east corner of the states up there uh 027: yes uh-huh Interviewer: you know a uh mountain city in 027: #1 yes uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 in that that's still # part of the Smokys now you mentioned a gap are there other things between mountains beside gaps 027: valleys Interviewer: yeah but I mean things that you can look through or see through or walk through 027: oh passes gaps Interviewer: #1 yeah is a pass # 027: #2 {X} # Interviewer: and a gap the same thing 027: I don't I think a pass is a smaller {NS} higher thing a gap is a pretty wide place that you could bring through the horses Interviewer: #1 huh # 027: #2 and the buggies and the # equipment now it up in Vermont they tell me they call the gaps notches Interviewer: yeah that was ano- I was going to ask you about the word notch 027: #1 I had never # Interviewer: #2 and also # 027: heard it until one of my friends who came from Vermont Interviewer: and also the word clove yeah 027: no not at all Interviewer: uh uh a sharp face uh on a on a mountain 027: oh uh a uh a bluff? a um #1 you mean of stone # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 027: cliff Interviewer: yeah and the plural of that 027: cliffs Interviewer: and a place where where where boats stop and freight is unloaded 027: a dock Interviewer: uh and in San Fransisco they have a fisherman's 027: oh wharf Interviewer: now you would never you wouldn't use wharf though for 027: not around here Interviewer: the river 027: huh-uh Interviewer: and when the water runs along and then suddenly drops off 027: it's a waterfall Interviewer: and what about a small one 027: it's a little waterfall Interviewer: alright what about when it just uh it's fairly noticeable as far as the drop that the water swirls around 027: oh a cascade Interviewer: yeah no that's I was thinking about either um shoals or uh rapids if if either of those 027: I suppose we would use rapids up here in little river actually we call it the white water because it's good trout water Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and um it's rocky and very white Interviewer: uh-huh and that and you and you'd call it white water rather than 027: because uh you fish Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 for trout in the # white water Interviewer: uh-huh okay that's good uh now some different kinds of roads based on their size and material used in the composition 027: well you have a dirt road and then um I don't know if they still have pikes but uh the the gravel road used to be called a pike Interviewer: uh-huh 027: this was the old mass berry pike up here and then you get down to hard surface and you have secondary roads and uh your primary roads uh are highways I assume until you get to the uh interstate and the expressways and Interviewer: #1 okay now sure # 027: #2 {X} sophisticated # Interviewer: what about the um uh uh uh second in the composition of the secondary road 027: it would be a hard surface like a macadam or an asphalt or something of the sort it would not be gravel or rock or dirt Interviewer: one that's made of gravel and that black stuff that's 027: that's macadam Interviewer: uh-huh or sometimes they call it yeah 027: uh black just black top Interviewer: sure what the black top mcadam or these are the same thing that 027: I do I think macadam is a little more sophisticated refined process Interviewer: now a road um off the secondary road that goes up in you know into the the neighborhood is uh well like out in front here what do you call this 027: we call it south wood drive Interviewer: yeah well know would you call it a 027: a residential street Interviewer: yeah would you call it ju- or uh you wouldn't call it what about a neighborhood road would you what would you say if someone said a neighborhood road what would you uh um uh whatever something like a neighborhood or a country road or 027: #1 might # Interviewer: #2 uh # 027: be a lane Interviewer: uh-huh is a lane something you can drive on 027: yes uh going up to grandfather's house there was a lane I never understood why it wasn't a driveway unless it was because it was on the farm and it had a stone fence on Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 each side of it # Interviewer: now that would go from the public road up to the house 027: up to the house uh-huh Interviewer: that's like would you well you call it a driveway 027: I would Interviewer: #1 what was that by the way that # 027: #2 {X} # down um in Blount County it's in an area that's under Fort Loudoun Lake now Interviewer: oh yeah {X} what about something that goes from the barn to the pasture that you could just you could walk on 027: I guess that would be a trail or a path Interviewer: alright and the plural of path 027: paths Interviewer: and something across a public road if there are two lines you know and your suppose to walk 027: #1 oh a cross walk # Interviewer: #2 in them # alright now if um uh in the city uh in town the um the you don't walk in the street you walk on the 027: on the side walk Interviewer: now sometimes there's the side walk and then there's some grass before you get to the street 027: oh yes that uh I really don't know what it's called unless it's a grass strip Interviewer: #1 okay # 027: #2 now in the boulevard # uh that's not what you're #1 talking about the strips in the # Interviewer: #2 that # #1 that's not in the middle right # 027: #2 middle between the two sections of the street # Interviewer: a grass strip is one that's given something uh uh someone might chase a dog away might pick up a 027: a stick Interviewer: or something {D: to harm it} 027: a stone Interviewer: now 027: {D: that'd be a rock} I'd call it a rock Interviewer: do you make a distinction between rock and stone 027: uh-huh a stone is um something that has been worn smooth by erosion or uh by rapid motion as in the river and a rock to me is something that is younger and newer and has jagged edges Interviewer: okay and he 027: threw Interviewer: alright uh and you go to a friend's house and ring the bell and you there's no answer and you say well I guess she isn't 027: home Interviewer: and you might uh uh someone says I don't like to eat this cereal uh dry I'd rather have it 027: with cream Interviewer: alright or using uh milk you say with 027: rather have it with milk Interviewer: alright and then oh the other way you might say dry or with 027: dry or with Interviewer: with yeah well another way of saying dry instead of using dry you might say you say with milk or with 027: plain Interviewer: uh-huh or with 027: nothing Interviewer: or without 027: with with or without is Interviewer: #1 yeah that's right that's it that's my problem # 027: #2 that you is that your problem {NW} # Interviewer: if uh he wasn't going away from me he was coming 027: toward me Interviewer: alright and you hadn't seen someone for a long time if you want to tell your husband guess who I ran 027: ran into today Interviewer: yeah and uh we named the gave the child the same name as uh an uncle or something you say we named the child 027: for Interviewer: and a four legged animal that barks is a 027: is a dog Interviewer: and a call to a dog to attack another dog 027: attack Interviewer: you might say attack if you're just gonna uh 027: um sic him Interviewer: yeah now a dog of mixed breed 027: um it's a dog I it could be called a cur I suppose Interviewer: do you every use anything like a a a scrub or a feist or a mongrel 027: uh mongrel yes and I have heard the term feist uh my father used to use it for a small terrier sort of Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 dog of # mixed breed Interviewer: uh-huh 027: uh we're more likely just to say it's all dog Interviewer: okay and he was by a dog he was 027: he was bitten Interviewer: say that the dog 027: bit him Interviewer: um uh I saw 027: a dog bite Interviewer: yeah now uh the expression dog bit is that at all familiar to you 027: I have heard it uh-huh uh I think that's something that um Mrs Hill might say Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 he was # dog bit Interviewer: uh-huh and a that principle milk giving animal is a 027: cow Interviewer: and the male 027: is a bull Interviewer: now do you remember ever ever hearing any um term either technical terms used by farmers or euphemisms used in the presence of women or used by women instead of using the term bull 027: oh dear this a male cow I #1 guess # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 027: I don't Interviewer: #1 have you heard that {X} no that's that's one of them sure # 027: #2 sounds a little strange but I think that's # Interviewer: um and {X} uh talking about they sometimes use horses to plow but some people have used 027: oh mules Interviewer: and two of them together would be a 027: a team of mules Interviewer: alright and you're talking about shoes you'd say a 027: pair of shoes Interviewer: or would you ever use that with mules 027: no you but you have a matched pair of horses Interviewer: okay now to be a pair then it would they'd really have to be matched 027: #1 yes uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 there I see # and a um uh a baby cow is called a 027: calf Interviewer: and if the cow's going to give birth to a calf you say Daisy is going to 027: I've got one for you she's going to be fresh Interviewer: okay uh they um uh animal you ride is a 027: is a horse Interviewer: the plural 027: horses Interviewer: and the female 027: is a mare Interviewer: and the male 027: stallion Interviewer: say uh talking about get up on a horse's back say I'm going to 027: mount Interviewer: and then I'm going to 027: ride Interviewer: yesterday I 027: rode Interviewer: and I have 027: ridden Interviewer: and he wasn't very experienced he was on a horse and he fell 027: he fell off or he was thrown Interviewer: alright and a little boy had put chairs next to the bed because they were afraid that he might 027: roll out Interviewer: or 027: #1 fall out # Interviewer: #2 yeah # last night he 027: fell out Interviewer: alright and this is a game {X} pitch this thing is it a stake 027: horse shoes Interviewer: alright and the horse wears these on his 027: on his feet Interviewer: yeah or on his 027: hooves Interviewer: and the singular 027: hoof Interviewer: uh you're not familiar with any other uh outdoor games similar to horse shoes where something is tossed at a at a ring or I mean as a as something tossed uh either a ring or something 027: #1 oh um # Interviewer: #2 that you would to # toss of a stake 027: there was one we had different colored rings Interviewer: huh 027: only thing I can think of is ring toss and that is certainly is not the name of the game Interviewer: no uh quite circle 027: #1 uh-huh true # Interviewer: #2 {X} yeah it that # 027: yes with a little it was a uh a rope Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 sort of # uh circle with uh {D: made out of} leather Interviewer: uh-huh 027: um joined together Interviewer: and what did you call that 027: those were quoits Interviewer: okay well I didn't know if was quarts or quoits {NS} and a uh uh the uh the animal that um um uh a male sheep is called a 027: ram Interviewer: and the female 027: ewe Interviewer: and the sheep's back is 027: wool Interviewer: and the uh animal that pork comes from 027: is the pig or the hog Interviewer: alright and the male is called a 027: oh well the hog the male is the hog and the female is a sow Interviewer: yeah well this is something they sometimes um use for a term they use when they talk about about the wild isn't it 027: oh a wild boar Interviewer: alright now are there any other terms you can think up for wild one 027: razorback incidentally we saw a wild boar the other day up on {D: fun town} Interviewer: is that right 027: I'd never seen one before it came down the mountain side when we were fishing Interviewer: it's a pretty good size 027: uh-huh yes it came right down uh it was making a great deal of noise going through the dead leaves but of course it doesn't fear anything Interviewer: uh-huh 027: everything got away from it Interviewer: uh-huh now does it have two what do you call those things 027: their tusks Interviewer: okay did it have 027: I didn't see it that Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 closely I was at a # distance Interviewer: uh-huh that's interesting I've people once in a while there I guess they're 027: #1 I had never seen one before # Interviewer: #2 I guess they're pretty rare # and a uh uh when you talk about the cats say the cat was spayed and what do you call that for a male animal when they 027: oh now he is Interviewer: spayed not spaying spay yeah 027: he is uh let's see he's neutered Interviewer: uh-huh 027: actually we call it altered for both sexes Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 with the cats # Interviewer: now what about for a for a hog 027: I guess it would be the same thing I don't #1 know # Interviewer: #2 i- is # there is there a name that you'd call a hog that had been uh 027: I don't know unless that's a shoat I don't know what a shoat is I think a shoat may be just a #1 young # Interviewer: #2 yeah # now something that's called a barrel or a stag or a rick 027: I've never heard of it Interviewer: heard of a barrel 027: huh-uh Interviewer: um and a hog eats from a 027: trough Interviewer: the plural 027: troughs Interviewer: and the uh the stiff hairs on a hogs neck 027: they're bristles Interviewer: and a uh sound a cat makes being weened 027: oh it bawls Interviewer: and the sound a calf or cow makes at feeding time it 027: it lows Interviewer: alright and the horses make at feeding time 027: oh they make a snuffling breathing #1 noise # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # now that's it exactly but do you have a name for that either 027: I'm trying to think of one snorting I guess that's not exactly it though it's snuffling uh Interviewer: well #1 some of the # 027: #2 {X} feed # Interviewer: um chussler knicker quicker winner winker laugh or winnie 027: well now knicker and whinny I think of more as when they want your attention when they're frightened rather than a feeding noise Interviewer: you think of knicker and winnie as the same thing 027: just about #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 alright # and if you're going to feed these uh animals we're talking about you say I'm going out to feed 027: feed the horses Interviewer: alright all of them though it would be the you're going to feed horses and cows 027: oh the stock #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 alright # and if you and the animals that you feed you through out the feed down like this it's like the 027: the chickens Interviewer: alright would you ever use anything else if you had ducks and geese which you they probably don't have around here 027: oh pets Interviewer: yeah well now these would be the {D: brave net} for for eating 027: uh they sometimes think they're gonna raise them to eat but they end up being pets Interviewer: alright a uh hen sitting on an egg would be called a 027: a setting hen Interviewer: and a small well different any any different kinds of of uh of uh enclosures that that chickens live in 027: oh the mother chicken well hen with her chicks lives in a coop lots of times and uh then later they get into a hen house Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and then of course on your commercial scale you have these long chicken houses Interviewer: and a bone that um that children like to pull a chicken bone they 027: oh a wish bone Interviewer: now what is the um the traditional thing on the wish bone which end do they what what do they 027: one end gets the wish and it's whichever end you have {NW} changes Interviewer: it isn't the bigger one or the smaller one no 027: seems to depend on who's calling it which end Interviewer: #1 have you ever heard any kind of a of a of a # 027: #2 it is # Interviewer: uh um uh superstition or tradition where the wish bone is put up over a door 027: no now with a horseshoe yes but not the wishbone Interviewer: in um north Georgia a couple of places got they call it a boy bone they call that bone the boy bone and call that's just the boy and they the little boy and they put it up over the boy and supposedly the first male to come through the door after it's been up there is going to marry the eligible daughter in the 027: #1 oh # Interviewer: #2 and I said # 027: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # {X} mrs {X} she said well I didn't know that but I'll have to put one up cause I have a couple here I'm looking to get rid of {NW} in terms of these comprehen- comprehensive terms of the edible insides of a pig or a calf kinds of 027: {NW} oh the organs I don't know Interviewer: yeah well I just uh kind of a uh well the for instance one thing is the uh the intestines you know of uh of a hog scrape out and fry 027: {NW} would that be chitterlings I don't Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 know # Interviewer: yeah uh but I'll tell you something else something like {D: uh haslits harslits plucks squin livering lights paunch nuts} 027: liver and la- lights I have heard Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 but I thought # liver and lights was more of a joke than a real term Interviewer: no lights I think is the lungs 027: I guess so Interviewer: I think so um the time when animals are given their food is called 027: feeding time Interviewer: now do you remember on the you were uh your father own a farm or your grandfather 027: my grandfather #1 and he # Interviewer: #2 did # 027: died when I was four Interviewer: I see so you don't remember much about him um how they call housing from the pasture 027: oh let's send the dog after him Interviewer: but if they were gonna call on them is there any 027: I have no idea Interviewer: or to to make cows stand still at milking time 027: oh was it soo Interviewer: well 027: soo cow soo or is that pig calling Interviewer: a sow or saw maybe uh or calls to calves to get them to come in 027: #1 don't know # Interviewer: #2 call # calls to mules or horses to make them turn left or right 027: oh gee and haw Interviewer: and do you know which is which 027: gee's left and haw is right Interviewer: and calls to uh to horses to get them into the pasture 027: I don't know Interviewer: and the call to get a horse started 027: giddy up Interviewer: and to make them would you use that now to get them started but after their on to their pasture something you might say 027: I really don't know you whip it and say come on boy come on out {X} talk to it Interviewer: alright something to stop the horse 027: whoa Interviewer: or to make a horse back up 027: whoa back up Interviewer: okay call and calls to pigs you mentioned this before but that's 027: soo Interviewer: and calls to sheep 027: I don't know Interviewer: calls to chickens 027: chick chick chick chick chick Interviewer: alright and you're taking some horses out you might say I want to what the horses I want to 027: pasture Interviewer: yeah you want you want to uh you know get them ready for driving 027: #1 oh I want to # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: saddle them um uh harness them Interviewer: alright saddle would be for riding 027: #1 riding harness for driving # Interviewer: #2 riding {X} for driving # alright and the things you hold when you're um riding when you're riding a horse back 027: oh the reins Interviewer: and the things you hold when you're driving 027: are the reins Interviewer: or plowing you still call them 027: the reins Interviewer: and the uh thing to put your feet in 027: are the stirrups Interviewer: and the horse on the left in plowing that's sometimes in the furrow 027: is he the lead horse Interviewer: okay and talking about the distance uh someplace else oh that isn't far that's just {X} {X} 027: a little piece Interviewer: alright and it's a considerable distance 027: that's a good piece Interviewer: okay you wouldn't say a perfect piece though 027: well I #1 might but it would be uh # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 027: #1 facetious uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 facetious # and if something isn't difficult say oh you can find that 027: you couldn't miss it Interviewer: yeah you can find it but someone sees something you hadn't picked up at the drug store or something say oh you can find that almost 027: almost anywhere Interviewer: alright and if someone fell this way you'd say he fell 027: backward Interviewer: and he fell this way 027: forward Interviewer: and if uh you might uh someone might ask you for something you say uh there no more left uh say do you have any of these left and you say no we haven't no 027: we haven't any we have Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 none # Interviewer: well would you would you ever use not a one 027: uh no um now I've heard nary a one Interviewer: yeah but that's again is 027: that's uh dialect Interviewer: sure uh and if someone um is uh accuses you of having uh well say a police man stops you and you say well why'd you stop me I I 027: I didn't do anything Interviewer: alright um oh and say someone breaks something of yours and you're whether you like your being polite 027: #1 doesn't matter oh # Interviewer: #2 about it they said well that's good # cuz I didn't like it 027: not at all Interviewer: #1 alright # 027: #2 I'm so glad to # be rid of it Interviewer: alright and if someone uh um uh passing out something samples and you say well you didn't give me 027: any Interviewer: uh 027: #1 or one # Interviewer: #2 okay # alright and uh uh child seems spoiled you say when he grows up he'll have his trouble 027: that's exactly what I would say but I don't find Interviewer: #1 yeah alright well I was thinking about # 027: #2 anything further to say about it # Interviewer: you weren't you weren't absolutely certain about it but you might say he'll have his trouble life is not apt is not 027: #1 I'm pretty sure he'll have his trouble when he's # Interviewer: #2 probably yeah # 027: grown up Interviewer: you wouldn't use apt is not or like is not 027: no I don't believe I would Interviewer: alright and a trench is cut by a plow 027: oh rows or furrows Interviewer: yeah and we raised a big of wheat this year yeah we raised a 027: #1 crop # Interviewer: #2 big # and we to remove the the uh shrubs and trees on the land you might say 027: #1 we cleared it # Interviewer: #2 that we # alright um {NS} 027: people um I've heard it many times Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 I didn't know what it # meant at first they'll say she fell out Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and uh we had a terrible time bringing her around Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 you know # after she fell out {NS} it's uh just absolutely and I uh was talking about with {B} one day and Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 she said she uh # had found it in Kentucky also that she was walking down the street and there was this person unconscious in the street and she said what happened and the person said that was standing over them said she fell out Interviewer: uh-huh 027: and Maria said fell out of what Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 thinking of a # window you know and no she had just fainted Interviewer: that's very interesting I as a matter of fact I'm going to add that uh when I get to uh when I have that investigate that as a um an expression for uh um {NS} I'll look into that that's good no I never had I never heard that I thought you were going to say like a falling out you know 027: #1 yes no I I though it this morning when Rose was # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: talking about chasing the children's uh wading pool last night when it blew away {C: scratching noise begins} and uh I said {D: immediately} {C: scratching ends} without thinking I said well you talk about Gwen falling out all the time they're going to be talking about you Interviewer: uh-huh 027: running around over the hill at midnight Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 027: #2 {X} you know and then I thought # I wondered if you had heard Interviewer: #1 no but their falling out # 027: #2 {X} # Interviewer: wouldn't be I mean they're running around chasing the swimming pool at midnight 027: well no uh Gwen uh has a brain tumor or #1 something # Interviewer: #2 oh # 027: and she falls out #1 quite often # Interviewer: #2 oh # #1 I see uh-huh # 027: #2 she looses consciousness # and they call an ambulance and take her to the hospital each time Interviewer: uh-huh 027: instead of trying to bring her around Interviewer: can't they fix it is it uh 027: apparently not I don't really understand it so Interviewer: yeah no but when you said what I'm getting at here when you said that to her did you mean like you wouldn't use fall out then as kind of a um uh isn't a popular vernacular then they said well wigged out or something 027: #1 no no # Interviewer: #2 {X} like cracking up or # something 027: #1 no # Interviewer: #2 it would # just be just be fainting 027: #1 just be fainting uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 okay # uh you said we raised uh {X} again about the wheat I think I I missed that you said we 027: raised a crop of wheat Interviewer: yeah and and to remove the shrubs and trees you'd say we 027: we cleared Interviewer: and if you raised you had a crop of of clover or grass and then you cut it and it came up again you'd call that a 027: second crop Interviewer: alright and if something you didn't plant at all came up 027: it's a volunteer Interviewer: alright and uh when wheat is tied up it's tied up in a 027: in a shock Interviewer: alright now shocks are tied or sometimes uh uh made up of smaller shock would be might include a dozen or so of smaller 027: of a smaller grain Interviewer: #1 of a smaller yeah packet # 027: #2 smaller packet # Interviewer: I was thinking of sheaf or or bundle 027: you were um no doubt right I uh Bill was correcting me on my terminology about the wheat {D: just the other day} Interviewer: would would you call it which of those sounds more uh familiar to you a sheaf or a bundle 027: uh a bundle I suppose Interviewer: uh but you had talking about wheat you said we had one bushel of wheat and we had thirty nine more and we had forty 027: I would get back to sheaves Interviewer: well if we're talking about uh uh bushel we're talking about or can be apples or 027: #1 or forty bushels you mean # Interviewer: #2 anything yeah uh-huh # and we're talking about oats being when oats are are harvested used to call it now would you say oats are harvested or oats is #1 harvested # 027: #2 I would # say oats are Interviewer: #1 alright # 027: #2 harvested and I don't know # why Interviewer: yeah and would you say uh when that machine they used to 027: is a harvester or I believe they call it a thrasher Interviewer: yeah now if you were using that as a verb that the thrasher 027: it threshed the wheat Interviewer: okay and if two people are gonna have to do something say uh you say you might say we're going to have to do this or you might say 027: you and I are #1 going to do it # Interviewer: #2 yeah and # not one of us but 027: both of us Interviewer: yeah and uh you and someone else and and your husband say are are coming over you'd say he 027: you all Interviewer: #1 {X} that's that's the next page um but the two people are coming and you say # 027: #2 are coming over {NS} # Interviewer: #1 um # 027: #2 your both # coming Interviewer: yeah he and 027: he and she are Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 coming # Interviewer: uh and you if the phone the phone rings someone asks for you might say speaking or you might say it's 027: this is she Interviewer: or it's you said if you were gonna say someone asks for you and if you were gonna say it's 027: I always just say this is she Interviewer: alright if you're gonna use but but if you said it's uh uh 027: it's me Interviewer: yeah yeah it's me rather than 027: #1 it's I # Interviewer: #2 {X} # yeah which of those 027: I guess that's the reason I avoid it because it's I would be uh well I would want to Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 use and it's me # is what I would use and I'd just say that this is uh she Interviewer: #1 alright um # 027: #2 # Interviewer: and how about with uh with other people now that you with uh uh other pronouns male female or 027: uh he is here he is #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 uh yes # it's 027: it is he and she Interviewer: and uh and uh 027: him her Interviewer: and they or them but it's them or it's 027: #1 it's they # Interviewer: #2 they alright # and he isn't as tall as 027: I Interviewer: uh and I'm not as tall as 027: as she Interviewer: alright see I'd help him but he can do it better 027: by #1 himself # Interviewer: #2 yeah # uh or uh 027: better than I can Interviewer: yeah and talk about the greatest distance you could walk you'd say two miles is the 027: is the limit Interviewer: yeah or using uh far from or far you say uh is the uh 027: is the furthest I Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 could walk # Interviewer: and if something belong I say whose tape recorder is that you say it's 027: yours Interviewer: it belongs to both of us you say it's 027: ours Interviewer: it belongs to them 027: it's theirs Interviewer: and it belongs to him 027: it's his Interviewer: and it belongs to her 027: it's hers Interviewer: alright and you want to know when some one person is coming you say when are 027: when are you coming Interviewer: now is more than one person 027: when are y'all coming Interviewer: but now would you but you'd never use that for one person 027: no no it has to be more than one person Interviewer: but it can be two 027: oh yes it's sort of of of family Interviewer: uh-huh 027: plural Interviewer: Uh-huh would you ever use that uh in the possessive talking about 027: #1 no it would be yours it # Interviewer: #2 I or something # 027: wouldn't be you all's Interviewer: okay or if you wanted to know everyone who who's at at a party would you might ask a friend uh 027: #1 tell me who all was # Interviewer: #2 what there # #1 yeah # 027: #2 there # Interviewer: and you went through everything they said 027: I don't think I'd go as far as what all Interviewer: alright or what all's what all's uh 027: huh-uh Interviewer: huh-uh I don't know how that would be used {X} what now you said you'd but you use might say who all was there 027: I doubt that I would but uh Interviewer: that would be more 027: it would be very uh I I have heard it Interviewer: what about you if wanted to know if uh a number of people's children were there would you ever ask who 027: who brought their Interviewer: #1 no who # 027: #2 children # Interviewer: children would you 027: #1 whose children are there # Interviewer: #2 you ever use who all yeah # not but not who all's children 027: no Interviewer: okay uh so children have been taken care of by their parents and now now they're married and they're off and now you say now they've got to look out 027: for themselves Interviewer: and you'd say I'd do it for them but he'd better do it would be better if he did it 027: for himself Interviewer: uh and bread made of different kinds some different kinds of bread made of wheat 027: oh whole wheat cracked wheat brown bread boston brown bread Interviewer: now the bread you buy at the store uh what do you call that? 027: uh I call it white bread I think what you mean is light bread Interviewer: uh which ever you use I 027: I use white bread Interviewer: does your husband say uh white bread 027: yes he taught me to eat white bread I'd always say Interviewer: #1 okay but but he doesn't # 027: #2 brown bread before {X} # Interviewer: call it white bread 027: no he calls it white bread but now up on the farm they call it light bread Interviewer: Now any other kinds of of bread made with uh with wheat flour or other uh doesn't have to be but something made in a pan a pan of 027: rolls Interviewer: yeah or 027: biscuits Interviewer: yeah, how are biscuits different from rolls? 027: uh rolls are made with yeast and are risen Interviewer: okay 027: biscuits are made with baking powder and rise Interviewer: alright now how about some things made with corn bread, uh corn meal? 027: oh you have your corn bread and your corn muffins and your corn sticks and you have hush puppies Interviewer: {X} hush puppies 027: ate all of them {C: interviewer laughing throughout} Interviewer: alright uh any have you ever eaten anythings that uh that you have to eat with a spoon? 027: oh spoon bread yes Interviewer: oh did you like that? 027: uh it depends on who makes it Interviewer: alright and have you ever now that {X} anything longer but they used to make bread make corn bread in the in the ashes in the fire 027: oh yes that was a giant cake wasn't it? I'm not sure I've never #1 seen it # Interviewer: #2 alright # 027: done Interviewer: and what would you call a a a a piece of corn bread as it's made into you you probably wouldn't say a loaf would you or would you? 027: um no it'd be a pan of corn bread I believe Interviewer: let's say that they make two or three large pieces in a in a pan and they have them separated 027: I don't really know it doesn't seem that it would be a loaf, but I don't know what it would be Interviewer: {X} I was the term {D: pone} that you 027: uh I have heard it but I don't know what it Interviewer: #1 alright # 027: #2 means # Interviewer: well did what it does a corn dodger mean anything to you? 027: No Interviewer: alright or a uh um uh have you ever eaten or seen um something made with greens uh like cornmeal rolled up and and boiled with uh with the greens? 027: No, do they make dumplings out of #1 cornbread? # Interviewer: #2 yeah they're like # they're like corn there there cornmeal dumplings but I I just that's sometimes what's called a corn dodger sometimes a corn dodger but corn dodger means different things to different people 027: #1 it doesn't mean anything to me # Interviewer: #2 {X} # okay 027: I don't like corn bread #1 that may be # Interviewer: #2 alright # 027: #1 my problem # Interviewer: #2 I see # oh well {X} I'm going to ask you one more thing and say {D: needed a} skillet they make it in a take a like a 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: and they pour it in and it's very thin and 027: it's like a pancake Interviewer: #1 isn't it # 027: #2 yeah # I don't know what it's called Interviewer: I sometimes call it a hoecake but 027: oh Interviewer: by some people but it's called 027: now I thought a hoecake was baked on the back of a shovel Interviewer: okay well maybe so you think of a hoecake as something larger than 027: no as as as you say very thin Interviewer: #1 oh # 027: #2 but # baked on the back of a shovel over the Interviewer: oh I see sure it's probably the same thing they just don't use shovels any longer 027: #1 oh that's uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 {X} yeah that # sure well that would be the same thing {X} home made bread or 027: store bought bread Interviewer: alright and something with a hole in the middle is a 027: donut Interviewer: does it have to have a hole in the middle to be a donut 027: no I don't believe so but we think of them that way Interviewer: what are some other things that you might talk about that are like donuts 027: oh a danish roll a sweet roll there's breakfast rolls uh coffee cake Interviewer: okay and now some things you talk about other things you make with using a batter and flour and you know a batter made of flour 027: pancakes Interviewer: now are there any other names for pancakes that 027: oh there are a million names for them Interviewer: {X} 027: uh see if I can think of some of them griddle cakes and pancakes and then of course there are waffles which are Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: made in an iron and um then um I'm thinking of the tin ball that's baked in the little iron to put food in like a uh like a patty a patty shell but that's getting into deep frying Interviewer: mm-hmm i would say if either the term batter cake or or flitters 027: {NW} Interviewer: you've never heard neither of those 027: fritters yes but #1 flitters no # Interviewer: #2 {X} # well uh uh flitters and fritters the L and the R 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: uh on the but one pound of flour you add one more and then you have two 027: pounds Interviewer: and the stuff you mentioned this before {X} a cake mix something comes in a little cake this makes bread rise 027: oh a yeast Interviewer: and the center of the egg is called a 027: yolk Interviewer: and the color is 027: yellow Interviewer: and eggs that are cooked three minutes in water are 027: soft cooked soft boiled Interviewer: alright soft boiled 027: soft boiled eggs Interviewer: yeah 027: {NW} Interviewer: do you sometimes call them soft cooked though 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: okay and eggs that are made the kind of eggs you made for me this morning 027: were poached Interviewer: alright and is that the only way you made did you when when you were a child they make poached eggs differently 027: oh yes uh i use a poacher my mother poached them in a skillet of water and slipped the eggs into the water after the water was boiling and they'd swirl the water around so the eggs stayed round Interviewer: and how long is that done for 027: until the uh white is #1 solidified # Interviewer: #2 I # see now these are some different kinds of cuts of pork used in cooking meat that they might sometimes use for seasoning 027: uh fat back Interviewer: now does that have any lean in it at all 027: I don't know I don't think so Interviewer: if it has 027: #1 I don't use it # Interviewer: #2 a little # alright if it had a little lean in it what would it be called 027: oh dear it has a name but then again I don't know I have seen it on the grocery store windows couldn't identify it Interviewer: do you well some of them are side meat #1 uh # 027: #2 yes # Interviewer: middle of the meat 027: #1 side meat # Interviewer: #2 uh # {X} 027: #1 side meat's # Interviewer: #2 uh # 027: what I would have Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 {X} # mm-hmm Interviewer: and the a large piece of bacon they used to get bacon 027: a side of bacon Interviewer: alright and pork that is smoked and salted is called 027: ham Interviewer: yeah but 027: {X} cured I'm sorry Interviewer: well I was thinking of either smoked pork or smoked meat or but that might be now the kind of meat that you serve with eggs in the morning 027: bacon Interviewer: alright now is that the only thing that that's the only that is bacon to you is the that's the only kind of bacon there is 027: yes that to me is bacon except for well now you can get Canadian bacon of #1 course which is # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 027: the #1 round # Interviewer: #2 right # 027: {X} right #1 out of the # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 027: center of it Interviewer: but you think of bacon essentially a breakfast food or something you use in 027: with eggs Interviewer: yeah okay 027: and with salads Interviewer: yeah you don't think {X} calling pork with lean in it #1 bacon # 027: #2 no # Interviewer: alright and um when you have a side of bacon it has a hard crust on the end that has to be cut off 027: now with a ham that's a hock you'd say the the hock of the bacon Interviewer: no what I was thinking {X} call it the rind or the skin 027: uh skin I suppose Interviewer: okay 027: or crust actually because it's uh it's been cured it has ashes and so forth Interviewer: and the man who cut the meat is called a 027: meat cutter Interviewer: or a 027: butcher Interviewer: and meat packed in a casing is 027: sausage Interviewer: and meat that is left out and isn't {X} cooked you might say the meat is can't eat this meat it's 027: it's spoiled Interviewer: and something made with the meat of a hog's head 027: souse meat Interviewer: yeah now uh is that do you like that 027: when my German grandmother #1 made it it was # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 027: wonderful I've never eaten Interviewer: did she 027: {X}{C:watermelons is what she is saying. The reel is slow here.} and cantaloupe and um market we can buy honeydew and we can buy persian melons and uh Interviewer: are persian melons different from a honeydew melon 027: It's a much larger um more fragile meat in the melon It's it's a larger melon with more fragile meat than a honeydew Interviewer: I see 027: It's a sweeter Melon Interviewer: uh And have you have you ever heard {X} a cantaloupe uh uh uh but a cantaloupe and a ever heard a cantaloupe called anything else 027: um musk melon and I think there is some difference but I don't know what it is Interviewer: have you ever heard a uh a cantaloupe called a nutmeg 027: no now a nutmeg is something entirely Interviewer: #1 yup # 027: #2 different to me # Interviewer: that's {D: ya know} that's a a spice 027: #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 {D: is that what it is?} # ya know what and um missus {X} said thats uh a nickname for uh a cantaloupe 027: #1 I didn't know it # Interviewer: #2 oh {X} # I'd never heard that um when you talk about uh other do you distinguish among different varieties of watermelon 027: {X} {D: no} I don't Interviewer: alright You wouldn't distinguish one with a light green skin from a dark green skin or with uh stripes 027: no Interviewer: they're all just waterm uh these things look like little little umbrellas and they grow close to the ground it's a kind of fungus I guess it's 027: oh mushrooms Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 toadstools # Interviewer: They're poisonous the ones uh 027: #1 toadstools # Interviewer: #2 alright # um {D: Clay uh} uh something he had something stuck in his throat he couldn't 027: swallow Interviewer: and two things people smoke are 027: cigarettes cigars Interviewer: and if you didn't owe anything to anyone you might say I 027: am free of debt Interviewer: or to to anyone you might say 027: I am not beholden to anyone Interviewer: Would you use that 027: No Interviewer: um and if someone asked you like you what would you probably say seriously rather than beholden you would probably say I'm 027: I owe no one Interviewer: alright and if someone asks you if you are able to do something and you say yes I 027: {D: Yes I am} {C: Tape distortion} Interviewer: #1 I # 027: #2 I # am able Interviewer: alright can you do that you say 027: #1 Yes I can # Interviewer: #2 {X) # No I 027: No I can't Interviewer: alright and suppose he's tired he says I am really tired because I what all day I 027: I worked hard all day Interviewer: alright and by the time the a person a guy {D: but the story}{X} they called an ambulance and by the time the ambulance arrived he was 027: He was dead Interviewer: alright um would you use something like already there um 027: if you did I think uh you'd be more likely to say he was already gone because you didn't want to use the word dead Interviewer: okay and if someone {NW} a child doesn't uh {D: is is} isn't very careful you might say he what to be careful he 027: He should be careful Interviewer: um and uh if you're warning a child not to go across the street you might say you go across the street you 027: Don't go across the Interviewer: #1 {D: yeah} # 027: #2 street # Interviewer: Did ya ever use {D: Dast or dastened} or 027: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 darened # 027: No Interviewer: okay um and if a child you thought a child uh um a child doesn't know something and you're really surprised say why you to know that you 027: you ought to know that Interviewer: and do you ever use hadn't ought 027: no Interviewer: in any situation 027: #1 no # Interviewer: #2 how bout # alright if someone asks if you will do something you say no I I do it I 027: uh you say no I won't if you really want to make it very clear you say no I will not Interviewer: okay {D: and if a person if if uh} you're a uh uh you get a flat tire and you have to get out and change it youself and someone's just standing there watching you might say to a person well you, it'd help me you 027: You should've helped me you could've helped me Interviewer: Yeah #1 yeah oh yeah or might # 027: #2 but why didn't you help me # Interviewer: uh you might have 027: You might've helped me Interviewer: yeah um and if someone asks you if you if you you're you're going to be able to to do something and you're not really sure but you say well I'm I might #1 do it # 027: #2 um # possibly I could but I'll have to check I'm not sure yet what's on our calendar Interviewer: Would you ever use might could 027: #1 no # Interviewer: #2 I might could do it # 027: uh-uh Interviewer: oh {X} if you were gonna say it you'd say I might do it 027: I might or I might be able to Interviewer: mm-mm but not might could. Does might could sound foreign or strange to you 027: uh it sounds um put on. I've never heard anyone use it It sounds like two words put together that don't belong together Interviewer: Is that right 027: #1 uh-huh but now # Interviewer: #2 {D: very fascin} # 027: now I have heard I couldn't ought Interviewer: uh I couldn't ought? 027: uh-huh Interviewer: now 027: #1 I # Interviewer: #2 what is # 027: couldn't ought to have done that or I shouldn't ought to have done that Interviewer: Is that right? 027: uh-huh Interviewer: That's one {D: I've} never heard that before 027: #1 that's a fairly common # Interviewer: #2 uh uh might could is # uh uh very common in the lower south um a bird that uh makes a screeching sound is uh 027: Screech owl Interviewer: And one that makes a hooting sound 027: Is an owl. Interviewer: alright do you make any distinction between the {X} the- screech owl is usually kind of a smaller one 027: It's a dear little thing about so big and it makes the most delightful #1 screeching sound # Interviewer: #2 and what do you call the # big ones you just call that an owl 027: uh yes um He has a lotta little Hoo that's very soft and he's a big owl then there are barn owls there are various Interviewer: uh-huh Are there any others kinds you can think of? 027: um There is a horned owl and there is a white owl. A great white owl There is a horned owl And a barn owl And i think just the owl is sometimes called a hoot owl Interviewer: How many of these are found around here? 027: The barn owl, the horned owl The owl that goes {NW} and the screech owl that I can think of having seen Interviewer: How about the white owl is that 027: I don't remember having seen one I don't know Interviewer: Alright Uh an animal that, a bird that gets up on a tree and 027: oh a woodpecker Interviewer: Now what different kinds of these are there uh we have an ivory billed one in the woods by the barn and we have a poleated one that has been up here and next door on the house which is aluminum siding We have them redheads just pecking their hearts away on that aluminum 027: #1 siding # Interviewer: #2 Is that right # And getting nowhere but they 027: That's right and I saw one last fall I was very interested to see one go in a whole in a tree apparently he was nesting Interviewer: #1 hmm # 027: #2 she was nesting # #1 and I had never seen this before and # Interviewer: #2 huh very # 027: I was sitting in the car waiting for Bill and Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 in someone's wooded lot # Interviewer: uh-huh 027: And saw the owl go right down the tree Interviewer: uh and animal that gives off a bad odor is a 027: Oh a skunk Interviewer: Do you ever call it anything else? 027: um Bill says sometimes some days {X} Interviewer: oh {NW} {C:laugh} Did uh you never used pole cat though or 027: #1 I heard it. No we don't use it # Interviewer: #2 {X} # and uh a king of a compre- comprehensive name for a small predator is a small animal is a 027: varmints Interviewer: Alright Now is that uh uh is that just facetious or might you use that uh 027: No that could be used Interviewer: #1 {NS}{C:sounds like a jacket} # 027: #2 by someone that was in position to have them that # wouldn't know what whether it was foxes or or um uh what kind of little animals were coming in like and getting #1 chickens # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # and if um I ever used it in relation to people 027: Now I have heard it used in relation Interviewer: #1 what kind of people? # 027: #2 to people # uh just the lowest dregs of society. Interviewer: okay and now this is a little animal that eats nuts and runs around in trees 027: oh that's a squirrel Interviewer: Now what kind of squirrels do you have around here? 027: I don't know their names we have many Interviewer: #1 are they all the same color? # 027: #2 squirrels # yes they're little grey squirrels Interviewer: you don't have any red ones? 027: I don't think so Interviewer: And this is something like a squirrel um They're small and they run around on the ground 027: And they're chipmunks and they're delightful Interviewer: Do you have those around here? 027: uh In the area. I have seen them in Bristol Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 AND i HAVE # seen 'em in Chattanooga Interviewer: About this big They're just {X} and what kinds of fish are are caught in the streams around here 027: uh at {D: at Talcoe} and uh Little River you catch trout uh they are stocked with Rainbow and sometimes you catch natives and um in the lakes you catch bass brim {NS} perch excuse me there's my Interviewer: Okay 027: {X} Interviewer: Yeah, {X} that's the worst pain I ever had in my uh and it wasn't crushed I just uh tore the cartilage 027: #1 oh that is # Interviewer: #2 into my knee and # that's the worst pain I ever felt 027: #1 It # Interviewer: #2 felt in my life # 027: really is painful, but he gave me uh you know #1 a # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 027: massive dose when he gave me the cortisone so I don't need it yet but he just wanted me to have it Interviewer: Well thats uh 027: It's uh very helpful Interviewer: Well that's uh you gotta sleep if you can 027: I didn't last night I couldn't I uh took uh {D: A namprim} at eleven and {D: a namprim} at 3 {X} between Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 no I # couldn't get a position Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 If I could've gotten a position I would've been alright # #1 but i get position today because he's # Interviewer: #2 yeah yeah # 027: aspirated Interviewer: Oh that's good 027: That'll be fine Interviewer: Is the swallowing going down or is it 027: He uh he got as much out as he could but then he put that much cortisone in It's softer Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 027: #2 but it's not # smaller Interviewer: uh {D:They got to} To brim I think talking 027: Oh yes uh Brim and then we have uh Oh on the bottom there the scavengers the carp and uh sometimes there's some people like catfish everybody likes to catch catfish Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 027: #2 because # they're fun Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: and uh We have large mouthed bass and small mouthed bass and striped bass which are sometimes called white bass Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And we have gar and drum Interviewer: What's that drum 027: It's uh big ugly almost blind thing that feeds right on the bottom and has a big flat head like a big Catfish Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: Except it it isn't a catfish and it's a white fish and oh when you catch one it's like pulling a barrel out of the water Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 027: #2 It's usually # a twelve or fourteen or sixteen pound Interviewer: you don't eat them though 027: Uh some people do Uh they catch them more on trout lines or when trolling Interviewer: uh-huh 027: than when casting Interviewer: uh now Do you have uh anything that you'd call either a poagie or a porgie or a those terms mean any 027: # 027: #1 nothing # Interviewer: #2 thing # The brim is it uh the brim a fairly small fish 027: yes had a little uh black dot right on its cheek as it were Interviewer: Now they uh uh the shell they open the shells sometimes there's pearls in there 027: Oysters Interviewer: And this is something that hops along the ground and makes a croaking noise 027: Well he could be a toad or he could be a frog If he's brown he is a toad if he is green he's a Interviewer: #1 now what do ya # 027: #2 frog # Interviewer: Great big ones 027: Well they're bullfrogs Interviewer: Alright and what about the small green ones the very the very small green ones 027: Well tree frogs aren't they Interviewer: yeah Now have you ever heard them called rain frogs 027: yes and I have seen 'em Interviewer: #1 yeah is that the same thing # 027: #2 just dotting the ground after a rain # Interviewer: As a tree frog do you 027: I don't know I have an idea that a tree frog is perhaps uh more in the woods and less near the water Interviewer: uh-huh 027: So he's probably more like a toad Interviewer: alright so you might be a difference then 027: #1 mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 between uh # tree frog and a rain frog um these things that you use for bait you dig out the ground 027: {NW} those are worms Interviewer: alright. do you call them anything else besides just worms 027: Now Bill would probably have names for them Interviewer: yeah 027: The ones that he releases out here are just about the color of our terrace so that you have trouble seeing 'em Interviewer: Do you ever call 'em red worms 027: I don't know I I stay as far from 'em as I can Interviewer: You would call 'em red {X} term red worm then does it 027: I have seen a sign outside of a um a fishing Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: place or a bait place red worms crawfish lizards Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: usually lizard is spelled with two Zs Interviewer: uh-huh yeah or the "z"s are back #1 wards # 027: #2 {NW}{C:Laugh} # Interviewer: uh they um uh do you ever call them anything other than crawfi- crawfish 027: um they call 'em crawdads I don't I think maybe that's a bigger thing Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 I'm not sure # Interviewer: but uh uh around here are the ones they 027: yes that you seen up in the creek Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 for # crawdads Interviewer: okay now how do you what's that now 027: You seen Interviewer: now was that using a 027: #1 a net # Interviewer: #2 a net # 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: uh these uh have a hard shell large and move very slowly on the ground 027: Yes they are turtles Interviewer: And uh now the ones that live in the water what do you call them what do you call. Are those the ones you call turtles 027: Uh yes they're turtles. They're mud turtles and the others are tortoise the land ones. Interviewer: alright and uh these are something like crawfish they're probably related you know when you when you boil them they get kind of pink 027: Now you're not talking about shrimp Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 now you're talking bout # Thought you'd moved to saltwater Interviewer: #1 right # 027: #2 okay # Interviewer: um uh this is a uh a kind of uh an insect that flies around a candle or a light 027: yes um now I call them canna flappers Interviewer: call 'em what now 027: canna flappers Interviewer: is that right yeah 027: uh this is what I always heard it called as a Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 child # and uh I'm sure it comes from candle flappers Interviewer: oh yeah 027: um Many people call them miller moths Interviewer: uh-huh now that's different from the kind that get into the into clothing 027: oh yes Interviewer: what are those those are? 027: those are moths Interviewer: #1 and the # 027: #2 {NW}{C:Laugh} # Interviewer: the sing- yeah and the singular is 027: moth Interviewer: and the kind of an insect that you see out in the- uh night and it uh lights up 027: lightning bugs Interviewer: alright and this is a kind of long slender insect that has so many wings 027: #1 oh um like a mayfly # Interviewer: #2 {NS} # {NS} Yeah but i think I think we will see if thats the same thing these are um kind of long and and long 027: oh you're thinking of moths Interviewer: no no this this is has a very narrow slender body and long wings 027: And it's an insect? Interviewer: mm-hmm sometimes they are called snake doctors or snake feeders 027: #1 oh yes # Interviewer: #2 or just # 027: #1 oh # Interviewer: #2 mosquito hawks or dragonflies # 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: and which of those terms would you 027: #1 dragonfly # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Do you know either snake doctor or snake feeder 027: Snake doctor I have heard Interviewer: but uh that isn't 027: uh that's when I was a child Interviewer: {X} 027: I don't think so Interviewer: Uh what um uh other kind of stinging insects are there 027: oh we have bees, wasps hornets uh yellow jackets oh um uh gnats and there are mosquitoes and and uh little ants Interviewer: alright now what about these things that dig under your skin 027: chiggers Interviewer: Do you ever hear them called anything else? 027: mm-mm oh ye- red bugs uh-huh Interviewer: they use that term around here? Interviewer: Or is that something from texas 027: I don't know if I picked it up some place else or here Interviewer: uh 027: Because we call 'em chiggers Interviewer: okay um Have you ever seen a nest a um a um a hornets nest 027: yes there's one right up here on the {D: clear story} Interviewer: out on the outside 027: #1 uh-huh yes # Interviewer: #2 and and is it # 027: we had the windows wa- had service master to wash 'em this spring and we had a terrible time getting the man to go around by Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 'em # Interviewer: now what about it. what does a hornets nest look like 027: It is a very intricate interesting thing that almost like it's made of grey paper. very thin, and it's um cylindrical but elongated at the ends and its um it's almost mystical looking It's beautiful I think Interviewer: {X} a wasp what is a wasps nest like 027: If a wasp is the same as a dirt dauber and I think it is we have 'em all around out here. They get into where I water the flowers They get a little bit of the mud and come up and they will even run all the way down a crevice in the house where there's a corner Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: make a little uh triangular crevice and they will build this all the way down Interviewer: now those are the ones. dirt daubers that do you think of a dirt dauber as a stinging insect or not? 027: um none of them bother me Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 027: #2 very much # So I'm the one that gets to uh tear down the nest Interviewer: uh uh uh yellow jackets. Have you seen a yellow jackets nest? 027: a uh no not the nest I have petted a yellow jacket when I was a small child that was the saddest day Interviewer: oh really? 027: Yes. {C:Laughter} Interviewer: ah um these things hop alo- hop in the grass 027: The grasshoppers Interviewer: alright 027: and also crickets Interviewer: yeah uh small fish used for bait 027: minnows Interviewer: and a spider. something a spider weaves 027: his web Interviewer: now would you call this it it same thing indoors or outdoors? 027: spider web? yes. Interviewer: would you ever use the term cobweb 027: uh it comes out of my nursery book uh-huh Interviewer: but it isn't uh 027: #1 sweeping the cobwebs out of the sky no # Interviewer: #2 it isn't natural tho huh alright # uh and the parts of the tree underground are 027: the roots Interviewer: now what kind of trees grow around here just 027: um mainly we have many hardwoods and uh we have pines cedars we have the laurel family, the magnolia family and the deciduous trees we have many varieties of fruit uh well not citrus fruits and uh the berries Interviewer: #1 what about in the # 027: #2 the berries # Interviewer: what about in the laurel family. What are some of the trees in the laurel family 027: oh we have mountain laurel we have azaleas um we have um the tulip magnolia which is a laurel and we have um oh I think there are seven varieties of laurels in the smokies Interviewer: What about is a the one that um um the rhododendron is that uh is that related to the 027: #1 the azalea # Interviewer: #2 {X} # is that is that uh is that of the 027: #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 laurel family to? # Would you pronounce that word? 027: azalea Interviewer: no 027: rhododendron Interviewer: yeah now uh do you have any sycamore trees? 027: yes Interviewer: would you pronounce that? 027: sycamore Interviewer: now and uh this is a kind of sometim- I don't know if it's a bush or a tree or a vine this is loved the same as a vine today but it's a uh something like well first what are what do you call those things you get a ra- rash from the uh kind of vine 027: Poison Ivy Interviewer: oh small 027: poison oak uh-huh Interviewer: now this is um this is something something else that she talks about that is like that has the same effect as poison ivy or poison oak 027: I don't know what it would be Interviewer: uh the you know sumac or shumac or 027: uh-huh but I didn't know that it gave you a rash Interviewer: does that grow around here 027: yes it's a big tree right down the road here has the um the pods on it Interviewer: alright is it called just a 027: Sumac Interviewer: alright and you mentioned the uh uh well its George washington chopped down a 027: cherry tree Interviewer: And the tree that you that that the uh syrup is taken from 027: Maple Interviewer: and if a if a number of these maple trees if they are there any maple trees in the mountains 027: um not in the mountains I think they're all cultivated We have several in our yard. Most everybody has them in the yard. they're so pretty in the fall when the leaves turn Interviewer: Uh a number of these growing together though- 027: #1 would be a # Interviewer: #2 yes # 027: Grove Interviewer: alright um what kinds of pine trees? 027: oh we have white pine. We have long leaf. We have mountain scrub pine We have uh yellow pine Interviewer: you call all the small ones scrub pine? 027: No scrub pine is one that grows at a high elevation and can't make a very big tree Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 because there's not much # um soil Interviewer: Is that the same thing as a jack pine? 027: I don't know. I've never heard that term. Interviewer: uh they uh Jack I uh wondered if that was a Now is square pine isn't very good lumber or is it uh? 027: um I wouldn't think so because just a little at a lower elevation you can get all the tall straight #1 big # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 027: fat pine you want Interviewer: And you talked about berries. What kinds of berries? 027: oh um on the trees uh we have uh Interviewer: not so much on the trees but on the {X} 027: on the on the ground? Interviewer: {X} 027: strawberries blackberries blueberries raspberries Interviewer: And if you're out picking berries with children you might tell them better be- or mushrooms you might say you better be careful because some of these are 027: Are poisonous Interviewer: uh did you read an article in the paper today about uh two families 027: # 027: #1 oh yes # Interviewer: #2 that # ghastly eh um talk to me about the uh {X} say I must ask my You know someone asks you something and you say well I'm not sure about that I'm going to have to ask my 027: My husband. Interviewer: And he might say I must ask my 027: wife Interviewer: and a woman who's husband is dead is a 027: a widow Interviewer: and you're male parent is your 027: father Interviewer: What did you call your father when you were a child? 027: bobby Interviewer: Was that his name or uh 027: his name was robert Interviewer: oh and what did you call your mother? 027: Johnny that was her Interviewer: #1 okay # 027: #2 name # Interviewer: and 027: #1 {NW}{C:Laughter} # Interviewer: #2 together # 027: #1 friends did # Interviewer: #2 yeah okay and and # together they were your 027: Bobby and Johnny my parents. Interviewer: Alright and what about your um uh um your your uh their parents were your 027: grandparents Interviewer: and what did you call them? 027: uh Grandfather {D: Flonzi} had died before I was born Grandmother {D: Flonzi} was grandmother Grandmama Grounds was grandma Grandpa Grounds was grandpa but they both died when I was four so grandmother is the only one that I really called anything Interviewer: I see 027: for long Interviewer: uh-huh and uh and if someone speaks of uh their offspring they say our what are still still in school 027: Our children Interviewer: yeah and a name that is given to a child um a uh kind of a name of endearment or something 027: a nickname Interviewer: alright and uh something a baby is put in and taken out in a 027: uh a crib a buggy a Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 a basonet # Interviewer: a buggy now do you think of a buggy as the thing with a a hood on it 027: {NW} yes Interviewer: okay and if you take a baby out you say you are going to do what the baby you're going to 027: I'm gonna push him around the block Interviewer: alright would you ever use wheel, ride, roll or 027: uh possibly ride but I think if I were gonna ride the baby I'd put him in the car Interviewer: #1 oh oh okay # 027: #2 and take him for a ride # Interviewer: and talking uh different degrees of the state of being grown up you're talking about uh several boys say some of them some of their boys are being uh pretty grown up but you say he is the most 027: Mature Interviewer: or using a form of grown up though 027: oh he's uh the most grown or Interviewer: #1 no # 027: #2 the biggest or # Interviewer: #1 no we're talking about in terms of # 027: #2 the most grown up I would say # Interviewer: um and a um uh a a um a boy would be a son and his sister would be a 027: daughter Interviewer: and she's not a boy but a 027: girl Interviewer: and a women who's gonna have a baby she's 027: pregnant Interviewer: and someone who assists in the birth of a of a child not a 027: #1 who's not # Interviewer: #2 who's not # 027: not a doctor Interviewer: yeah 027: is a midwife Interviewer: okay and if a boy has facial features very similar to his father's you might say that boy 027: is the image of his father Interviewer: alright and now that would be in looks what about in disposition or behavior 027: oh you would say he's his father over and over or he acts precisely like his Interviewer: #1 okay # 027: #2 father # Interviewer: and if some has say uh she had a hard life she what six children she 027: she raised Interviewer: alright and if a child is bad some might say you're gonna get a 027: you gonna get a spanking Interviewer: alright now uh something more sever than a spanking 027: would be a whipping Interviewer: anything more sever than that 027: you would be punished Interviewer: okay And a spanking is the least uh 027: #1 I think in common terminology yes to me it was the most # Interviewer: #2 corporal of corporal # 027: The most corporal Interviewer: #1 okay yeah # 027: #2 coulda happened but I think thats um # only an individual case Interviewer: okay and speaking of a small something my how you've 027: oh how you've Interviewer: #1 {NW}{C:Laughter} # 027: #2 grown # Interviewer: {NW}{C:Laughter} uh and and uh a lot this year he really 027: He really has grown this year or grown up Interviewer: #1 yeah he # 027: #2 up this year # Interviewer: just 027: shot up Interviewer: yeah or he just he uh 027: grew up Interviewer: yeah um and uh an illegitimate child 027: is an illegitimate child Interviewer: any other 027: oh a bastard Interviewer: #1 yeah in in # 027: #2 in in elizabeathean # Interviewer: yeah any other terms uh that you you heard 027: um there are terms uh cute little terms like {D: Woods Colt} but you never hear them Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 027: #2 you read them # Interviewer: those are things you just 027: uh mostly you would say that uh he has is the father of an illegitimate Interviewer: #1 okay # 027: #2 child # she has an illegitimate Interviewer: #1 now # 027: #2 child # Interviewer: now talking about degrees of lovingness to say that uh um Nellie is a loving child but Mary is even 027: More loving Interviewer: alright and if your um your brother your brother's son would be your 027: my nephew Interviewer: and um a child who's parents are dead 027: an orphan Interviewer: and a person who the court who appointed by the court to take care of a 027: #1 is a guardian # Interviewer: #2 an orphan # and you speak of all the people related to you, you call these people your 027: my relatives Interviewer: and say uh he is no what to me 027: no kin to me Interviewer: alright and a person never seen before from another town. you'd say he's a 027: stranger Interviewer: and under what circumstances would you use the term foreigner 027: someone who came from another country Interviewer: alright now you mentioned yesterday talking to your husband you were talking something about 027: #1 oh he's a flatland foreigner yes # Interviewer: #2 flatland {X} # now you talk what what about his the uh 027: #1 came from uh # Interviewer: #2 yeah uh # 027: Mississippi the flatland Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 and # and therefore he's a alien to our Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 mountains # Interviewer: so a flatland foreigner would be anyone outside 027: #1 outside the mountains # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh yeah # 027: course it's it's used as a Interviewer: #1 fun term # 027: #2 sure well uh # Interviewer: a friend of mine at the university of Minnesota who's form Chattanooga he used to they used to talk about flatland foreigners and say that they used to drive they used to go up when they were in high school drive around these mountains around the mountains very fast and the flatland foreigners would be going {NW}{C:shutter} I think that's uh their way to drive 027: {NW} Interviewer: if uh uh uh massive ceremonies might say ladies and 027: gentlemen Interviewer: now under what circumstances would you use the word gentlemen 027: when I enter a room Interviewer: mm 027: like uh when we have a dinner Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 party # And I take the ladies to the parlor and then we come back in I say Interviewer: #1 uh yeah # 027: #2 uh greetings gentlemen # Interviewer: #1 but yeah but would # 027: #2 keep your seats or something # Interviewer: would you use the term gentlemen in any other sense would you use the term 027: #1 is a gentlemen yes # Interviewer: #2 yeah # uh but would you use the term gentleman for you'd say There is a gentlemen at the door for example would that 027: I doubt it. Rose might. Interviewer: uh 027: if she came in and said {B} there is a gentleman at the door to see you Interviewer: I see uh the mother of Jesus was 027: Mary Interviewer: and her sister was 027: Sarah Martha Interviewer: I wanted that uh those I wanted both of those 027: #1 Well good you got 'em # Interviewer: #2 uh uh yeah Martha's right but # Sarah I uh Sarah's kind hard to get I sometimes use have to {X} 027: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 {X} # In the song uh Wait 'til the Sun Shines 027: Nellie Interviewer: and uh uh boy named Bill his real name is 027: William Interviewer: And when he's a small boy they might call him 027: Billy Interviewer: Okay and the first book of the new testament is 027: Matthew Interviewer: And a woman schoolteacher might be called 027: Misses so and so Interviewer: yeah or yeah or um I mean any kind of a term that would be a a distinction for um um for a you know to distinguish a woman teacher like a school school ma'am school miss school mom 027: School marm I guess Interviewer: alright and talking about the um say this teachers name was Cooper um and shes married you'd call her 027: Misses Cooper Interviewer: alright now would ya would yous you ever say that rapidly and just say miss 027: Miss cooper Interviewer: #1 yeah mea and thats # 027: #2 yeah mm-hmm if you're not # Interviewer: #1 and # 027: #2 careful you you # Interviewer: #1 and and # 027: #2 you will # Interviewer: still she she would that would 027: She would understand that is was misses Interviewer: #1 okay # 027: #2 Cooper # Interviewer: and go back to that that you don't you know times you don't like uh that that uh uh uh nickname for William 027: #1 {NW}{C:Laughter} # Interviewer: #2 just pronounce it without # 027: #1 {NE}{C:Laughter} # Interviewer: #2 the pejorative intonation # 027: Billy Interviewer: yeah uh now um that a a uh untrained part time minister what would he be might be called 027: a lay preacher Interviewer: alright have you ever heard it called anything else? They sometimes use this for the term for a carpenter or a lawyer 027: #1 Oh a Jackleg preach # Interviewer: #2 okay # 027: #1 -er # Interviewer: #2 you ever # 027: heard that for a preacher huh Interviewer: What have you heard you haven't heard it for 027: For a preacher I know uh uh I know of Jackleg lawyers Interviewer: uh-huh You never heard it for preachers tho 027: uh-uh Interviewer: Oh it its uh um uh more common with preacher 027: #1 is that right # Interviewer: #2 than lawyer # Same thing when they talk about jackleg carpenters or 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: Or your electrician i supposes {NW}{C:Laughter} not necessarily but it it What does Jack leg mean a Jackleg lawyer 027: {NW} uh an upstart. untrained. Interviewer: its someone without formal 027: #1 yes except you # Interviewer: #2 formal training # 027: can't have that anymore Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: because you have bar Interviewer: uh 027: regulations Interviewer: mm-hmm now if I were to introduce you to two people a man and a woman. And I said now this um uh this this man he is my uncle and you'd say then the woman he is she is 027: your aunt Interviewer: yeah and they uh uh President Kennedy's first name was 027: John Interviewer: and the highest rank in the army is uh say the man's name of this uh Jackson or something 027: #1 General # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: Five star General Interviewer: yeah or or and well use the last name 027: General Jackson Interviewer: Alright and and the rank below A brigadier general is a 027: a Major general Interviewer: alright alright yeah going down from from gene- out of the general rank 027: colonel Interviewer: alright and Using it with let's say his name is brown 027: colonel brown Interviewer: Alright and a rank 027: #1 Major Jones # Interviewer: #2 a rank that is down in the # 027: Jones Interviewer: Kind of going down tho you have a have a major and then you have a a white colonel and then a major and then a 027: captain Interviewer: yeah now is the word is the word captain ever been used in other words can you ever think of the word captain used in any kind of a of a uh uh a uh uh in any kind of a social uh 027: My father used it as a familiar term when he wanted to ask directions Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 027: #2 of someone # My uncle always called everyone George but my father always said captain Interviewer: uh-huh is that right? And the man who presides over trial is a 027: Judge Interviewer: and if uh um a person who's attending school he's a 027: student Interviewer: now what would you call, in first grade would you still say student 027: I would call him a pupil Interviewer: alright and um what does the word scholar mean 027: One who is engaged in serious study research Interviewer: {X} so you you wouldn't use the word scholar for student you would just 027: #1 no # Interviewer: #2 just # 027: #1 No I think a # Interviewer: #2 a scholar # 027: scholar goes beyond a Interviewer: #1 alright # 027: #2 student # Interviewer: and uh in An office a man might have a private 027: secretary Interviewer: and in a the members of the what are the town officers in maryville called 027: the city council Interviewer: and and so each on is a 027: is a councilman Interviewer: alright and a man on the stage is an actor a woman is a 027: actress Interviewer: and Speaking of a nationality because a Your nationality you are 027: an american Interviewer: and A person of black black race is a 027: Is an american Interviewer: #1 yeah well yeah uh # 027: #2 oh a # negro Interviewer: alright now what uh derogatory or jocular or for neutral derogatory and jocular terms 027: uh I don't know uh by now I don't know uh how they actually Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 weigh on the # scale because they go from Interviewer: #1 right # 027: #2 time to # time. When I was a little girl um negro Interviewer: mm 027: was the nicest thing you could say Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: then later I had a maid that informed me that she was colored Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: now no matter what color they are they prefer to be called black Interviewer: yeah 027: but nigger has always been. Interviewer: #1 yeah mm-hmm # 027: #2 very derogatory and # pickaninny or coon Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: uh I suppose are derogatory jocular perhaps and black boy Interviewer: yeah 027: or high yeller or Interviewer: you that would be different degrees of uh well high yellers uh that would be uh uh 027: mulatto Interviewer: yeah that would be in in having to do with the difference than color rather 027: #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 than # okay um uh How do negroes usually address whites um you know in uh if they are in a in a um uh position of you know working for them or something 027: well they always call me misses Faulkner Interviewer: uh-huh 027: And Bill Mister Falkner and we had one maid who called bill Lawyer Falkner and she answered the telephone Lawyer and Misses Interviewer: #1 {NW}{C:Laughter} # 027: #2 Faulkner's residence and all our friends # Interviewer: #1 {NW}{C:Laughter} # 027: #2 called daily just to hear it # Interviewer: great and now a uh Words for uh for poor whites 027: poor whites? Poor white trash Interviewer: yeah okay any other terms 027: Uh no I think that's what we mostly use here Interviewer: Alright now what about the term the term redneck or 027: Uh to me that indicates south Georgia Interviewer: Alright and cracker 027: Georgia and Florida Interviewer: alright um have you ever ever heard the term Jackson whites 027: no Interviewer: uh well I'm not sure what it is I think it might {X} 027: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Andrew Jackson or Kind of a # um uh now terms for a rustic 027: oh uh Hick Interviewer: yeah now that sort of thing are there any 027: um There are oh Mountaineer actually and uh hick and hillbilly are um There is something uh that refers to the farm boy I can't think uh Interviewer: Well have you ever heard the term {X} They still use the term Hoosier um Mountain hoosier 027: no- Interviewer: #1 A hoosier usually means some of many # 027: #2 {X} # Interviewer: or a um One of the terms is a jack pine savage I think that 027: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 that jack pine you know # uh I was just wond- I thought about that when you mentioned the scrub pine being up high in the in the in the maybe the jack pine savage could be one of the 027: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 you know up there really up in the hills # And uh uh terms like mountain boomer? 027: #1 no mountaineer and # Interviewer: #2 uh yeah uh-huh # 027: and uh of course your bootlegger Interviewer: yeah have you ever heard the term uh Pud 027: no Interviewer: Now I heard that in In Dayton and uh uh misses Love 027: Did she Interviewer: gave it to me too yeah pud. another one is Sager and uh is a term that blacks frequently use for poor whites a sager 027: oh Interviewer: And I had no information at all on the etymology but its uh pretty interesting its It's not quite midnight but you'd say it's all 027: it's almost midnight Interviewer: alright and you'd say I went out on the ice and I what felled on it well didn't quite fall down but I 027: I almost fell down Interviewer: alright would you ever use like to or 027: I have heard it Interviewer: yeah and if someone's rushing you and you might say to them just 027: take your time don't hurry me Interviewer: alright just uh I'll be 027: take it easy Interviewer: Yeah and I'll be with you in just 027: in just a minute Interviewer: okay and you uh you You're driving the car and you want to know the distance from from here to to um uh Cleveland or something you might ask someone how 027: How far is it to Cleveland Interviewer: do you use the expression what what might you say to a child if you wanna kind of reprimand a child in case he the child is acting up and you want the child to get serious you might say now 027: uh You're thinking of now cut that out Interviewer: No I was thinking more its you you look here 027: uh-uh I would just call a child by name Interviewer: alright you would look here or see here 027: #1 now I would # Interviewer: #2 or # 027: just say now lauren sharp Interviewer: okay 027: stop that {NW} Interviewer: If you wanted to know the time someone Does something goes to town you might say how 027: how often do you Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 go to town # Interviewer: And If I tell you I'm not gonna do something and you agree with me and you're gonna behave the same way you say I'm not gonna do that 027: either Interviewer: #1 uh alright # 027: #2 I'm not gonna do that either # Interviewer: this is my 027: forehead Interviewer: and this is 027: your hair Interviewer: and If I let my And If I didn't shave I'd grow a 027: Oh you'd grow a beard Interviewer: okay and this is my 027: ear Interviewer: which one 027: your left ear Interviewer: and this is a 027: your right ear Interviewer: and this is my 027: mouth Interviewer: And this is one 027: tooth Interviewer: tooth 027: teeth Interviewer: and above the teeth are the 027: lips or the gums Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 I suppose # Interviewer: and then this is my 027: throat Interviewer: and the whole thing is my 027: neck Interviewer: and what's this called 027: your adam's apple Interviewer: have you ever heard it called anything else 027: I don't believe so Interviewer: have you ever heard it called a goozle 027: Now I thought your goozle was uh your inside your throat Interviewer: that's okay uh that's 027: #1 burned my goozle # Interviewer: #2 okay # okay alright in in I see okay and um uh this is the what of my hand 027: the palm Interviewer: And I make a 027: a fist Interviewer: two 027: fists Interviewer: and get pains in the wrists elbows shoulders 027: #1 joints # Interviewer: #2 are pains in the # alright say that again please 027: joints Interviewer: and this is my 027: chest Interviewer: and these are my 027: shoulders Interviewer: the one 027: hand Interviewer: two 027: hands Interviewer: and this is my 027: leg Interviewer: and one 027: foot Interviewer: two 027: feet Interviewer: and get kicked her its kicked in the 027: shins Interviewer: and a person kind of sits down in his heels you know kind of 027: #1 uh he either # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: squats or hunkers Interviewer: okay now that's they both mean the same 027: #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 thing # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # alright if a person is uh has been ill for a while and then uh he looks kind of uh kind of white you see he looks 027: #1 a little peaked # Interviewer: #2 kind of # alright do you do you ever use puny 027: #1 not seriously no # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # um now if a person is able to lift a great weight you might say he's really 027: strong Interviewer: would you ever use Stout in that 027: Stout to me would mean someone who was too fat Interviewer: okay and if a person is very easy to get along with you might say he's very 027: easy-going Interviewer: alright would you ever use um uh uh the term good natured 027: yes Interviewer: is that is that the same thing 027: yes Interviewer: would you pronounce that 027: good natured Interviewer: yeah and uh um an an adolescent who say uh speaking especially here about physically appearance say he he looks awfully 027: {D:Gangling} Interviewer: yeah that's right and if uh and if someone just cant do anything right you might 027: #1 {NW}{C:Laughter} # Interviewer: #2 say oh # 027: {NW} Interviewer: yeah or that everything he does is wrong 027: #1 butterfingers # Interviewer: #2 say that # yeah well uh some kind of uh a term such as uh uh well goof dumbbell 027: #1 idiot or stupid # Interviewer: #2 or something # 027: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 027: Dumbox and that sort of Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 thing # Interviewer: #1 and {X} # 027: #2 mm-hmm # Interviewer: A person who is um uh uh who holds onto the money he has doesn't part with it easily you call him? 027: Think it'd be a skin foot or a tightwad Interviewer: is there a difference between the two? 027: I don't think so Interviewer: do you have a special distinction for a person who tries to get the most out of others for his um Like a boss you know who might work his 027: #1 a slave driver uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 yeah okay # and what about what does the word common mean in the talking about people 027: um ordinary Interviewer: and what does ordinary mean? 027: You see I'm gonna give you back common Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 just # run of the mill Interviewer: alright Is that is that uh in your mind more nearly pejorative or um I mean if someone said you were common would you be flattered 027: #1 no # Interviewer: #2 or or not # and now if you said someone was common uh uh 027: I would be careful not to say it Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 where anyone would hear me # Interviewer: okay okay so it it 027: it it I it doesn't uh have to do with the norm or the average Interviewer: #1 alright # 027: #2 it it's # Interviewer: #1 oh # 027: #2 um um # descriptive state Interviewer: and it wouldn't be used in a complimentary 027: #1 no # Interviewer: #2 sense # that's okay and if if uh an older person gets around a lot you'd say she's really 027: real spry Interviewer: alright and what about a younger person 027: lively Interviewer: alright now well now what adjective would you use that she's what lively she's 027: very lively Interviewer: alright and if something bothers you and you're not really sure just what it is You'd say I don't know what's wrong but I just feel a little about that 027: uh a little uncertain Interviewer: yeah that's the uh would ya ever 027: I'm just not sure Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 about that # Interviewer: would you use the expression uneasy? 027: uh yes possibly Interviewer: how would you use that would that be used in the same? 027: yes uh particularly if I was thinking about someone's health He says he's fine and yet I'm I'm just not quite certain he really is. I'd be a little uneasy about that Interviewer: would you like to stop and move uh 027: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 uh your leg around # 027: #1 no It's fine i may have # Interviewer: #2 totally okay # 027: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 that's what I was wondering about # wondered today If I kept ya #1 yeah I shouldn't have # 027: #2 no cause I moved yesterday # Interviewer: #1 yeah {X} # 027: #2 put my foot on the table ya know # Interviewer: well if someone is uh a little boy wants the light on at night because he's He's what of the dark 027: He's afraid Interviewer: and uh the boy says I'm not afraid of the dark his mother says maybe you're not now but you 027: you used to be Interviewer: alright and The negative of used to be is 027: You didn't used to be Interviewer: yeah does that sound uh 027: It sounds very Interviewer: #1 okay # 027: #2 strange # Interviewer: you wouldn't used usen't to be 027: no I I think I'd say you weren't Interviewer: alright 027: before Interviewer: Before you'd say didn't used to be 027: uh-huh Interviewer: The opposite of careful is 027: careless Interviewer: and A person that uh some if something happens you might say thats a very peculiar thing or you might say it's very 027: strange Interviewer: or other words 027: #1 or out of the ordinary # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 027: or uh what did you say peculiar? Interviewer: yeah 027: okay odd Interviewer: yeah what about a word beginning with q 027: queer Interviewer: yeah now would you how do you use that in any special way 027: that has come to have a rather unpleasant terminology and it's never used just in general Interviewer: #1 okay # 027: #2 conversation anymore # Interviewer: in what sense is it used 027: uh a person who is homosexual Interviewer: #1 now would you avoid # 027: #2 or what have you # Interviewer: or what have you now 027: #1 I would avoid using the word queer for fear someone would misinterpret it # Interviewer: #2 {X} # but you don't you don't do you limit it to to to do you do you limit it in your mind to homosexual or just 027: just to a word that I better not use Interviewer: #1 I see yeah # 027: #2 because I might be misunderstood # Interviewer: You know its interesting because {D: now your husband might...} {X} 027: plain queer Interviewer: you know he's talking about about the I think daily queer a queer town and you see that is really {C:He is imitating her husband} that you see you know it really is that is it's a shame someone told me about fifteen years ago he said it was really too bad because that is such a good word 027: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 you know and its # 027: #1 it's getting a bad thing uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 and its really been and well it's been that way for uh # I'll tell ya one of the funniest things {C:He must have cut the tape here to tell a story} um a person who just you try to convince a person about something but no matter what you say he still won't come around and you say don't be so 027: so stubborn or so bull headed Interviewer: okay and what might you call a person who's easily offended 027: oh um Interviewer: you might say that person don't be so 027: so sensitive there's a there's something better than sensitive though can't think of it it begins with a P Interviewer: with a with a 027: a P Interviewer: uh-huh um how about touchy 027: that's good or touches I have heard Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 many times # Interviewer: would you use that 027: no Interviewer: what would ,would you use the other one 027: touchy? Interviewer: yeah 027: not really Interviewer: is the word that starts with a 'P' you can't think of might you use that 027: Yes but I can't think of it so I {NW} I don't know what I'm thinking uh Interviewer: I can't think of it either Uh if a person if a person who is that way say he got awfully what when he was teased he said he got awfully 027: oh he got awfully upset Interviewer: alright um how about um uh more than just upset he really was 027: irritated oh I've heard the term we really got him Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 027: #2 or he was # Interviewer: #1 yeah yeah # 027: #2 got or he was uptight # Interviewer: Well if if someone cuts you off on the you were driving and someone just pulled out in front of you you'd say You were really what then 027: burned Interviewer: okay now but now when I was there's a word. There's a very common word that you might use not awfully 027: I was furious Interviewer: yeah {X} mad and angry would you use either of those? or both 027: um I've stopped using mad because of the the connotation of madness Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: and um and I seldom use angry Interviewer: okay uh a person who is all wound up you might say then just 027: #1 simmer down # Interviewer: #2 he he # 027: keep calm Interviewer: alright and a person who worked all day says I am really 027: tired Interviewer: now do you have any different words for degrees of tiredness 027: worn out Interviewer: alright 027: exhausted pooped Interviewer: alright any others 027: #1 that's all I think of # Interviewer: #2 those are all fine # um and uh uh uh young man might be tired out but come home and take a nap and then get up and go out and he's what to go out and he's what to go 027: #1 raring to go # Interviewer: #2 okay # and do you ever do you know the expression torn down in the sense meaning very or we have as uh 027: #1 no # Interviewer: #2 you know we had a torn # down good time 027: no Interviewer: yeah thats uh huh I don't get that much around here um a little girl has to come home from school the nurse sent her home. She what sick at school- 027: she got sick Interviewer: alright And he is sick now but he'll be well again 027: tomorrow Interviewer: or 027: #1 soon # Interviewer: #2 a little longer time # do you ever use by and by 027: no It's a lovely a lovely #1 expression # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # uh uh uh didn't wear enough someone didn't wear enough clothing went outside you'd say he might 027: #1 {X} a cold # Interviewer: #2 yeah alright # now would you say um and yesterday he what a cold he 027: he caught a cold Interviewer: alright and or he or he has 027: has a cough Interviewer: and a person talks like this he's 027: very hoarse Interviewer: and he has a {NW} 027: cough Interviewer: and a person can't keep his eyes open he's 027: sleepy Interviewer: and you might go in in the morning and someone you might go in and someone is asleep and you want you have you have to go in and 027: and wake them Interviewer: yeah because they want to uh #1 {X} # 027: #2 get up at a certain time # Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 {D:to be called} # Interviewer: they want to what 027: wake up Interviewer: yeah uh and you doctor might give you some pills and then he comes over and visits you and the pills are all there and he might say haven't you 027: taken any Interviewer: and you say yes I've 027: took some Interviewer: and tomorrow i will 027: #1 not take another one # Interviewer: #2 okay {NW} # uh and if a person can't hear you might say he's 027: he's deaf Interviewer: and yesterday uh a man was working, he worked very hard. You say he really 027: he really he uh put in a good day's work Interviewer: yeah but there's waters pouring down and 027: oh he was just sweating Interviewer: mm-hmm now what about that in the past tense. Yesterday he really 027: He was sweating he did sweat Interviewer: oh or just taking out the did yesterday he really 027: he sweat Interviewer: okay and a large discharging sore that has a core in it 027: I think that's called a canker Interviewer: alright now is that um well if um uh 027: #1 are you thinking of # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: something's infected Interviewer: yeah no i'm thinking of something with a core in it that the core has to be removed 027: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 you know # yeah uh and what do you call the other stuff inside there besides the core 027: pus Interviewer: alright and person has a infection is in his hand and his hand is 027: #1 swelled # Interviewer: #2 or your knee take # 027: #1 yes its # Interviewer: #2 your knee your knee is # 027: swelled Interviewer: yeah um I uh it is it is what up would you say it it uh it is 027: it is swelling Interviewer: yeah yeah and uh do you use the expression or know the expression buck fever 027: #1 I have heard it # Interviewer: #2 does that have any meaning # what does it mean 027: {NW} Interviewer: what do you associate it with 027: um {NS} Spring been couped up all winter Interviewer: oh 027: Let's get out and be gay Interviewer: I see Oh I see you don't associate it with someone uh no uh You see it has another meaning too it has a meaning of Of someone who's inexperienced 027: #1 oh yes # Interviewer: #2 at at # getting 027: no that doesn't Interviewer: frightened 027: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 and and you know # this person goes hunting and doesn't doesn't have uh is inexperienced and fires too soon or something They say he has buck fever or buck {D:ague} and thats another one they its uh uh the same thing uh they they the um the liquid inside a blister is called 027: water Interviewer: alright and a person is uh hit by a a bullet he suffers a bullet 027: wound Interviewer: and they don't use the term much anymore but a wound that doesn't heal right and the skin is up around it 027: yes a doctor told me that once it's um proud flesh Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: I had never heard it Interviewer: no I it It was a long time it was hard for me to explain because I didn't know it's hard to to illicit something you can't 027: #1 {NW}{C:Laughter} # Interviewer: #2 describe. I didn't know what it was # um They used to use a lot of mercurochrome and something else that burned more 027: Iodine Interviewer: yeah and something they use for to cure malaria 027: Quinine Interviewer: yeah And of course if he's no longer alive you say he 027: he's dead Interviewer: yeah he 027: #1 passed # Interviewer: #2 yesterday # Alright now what about some neutral and or veiled and crude terms for this see if we can separate {NS} 027: oh um let's see pushing up daisies um deader than a doorknob Interviewer: yeah {NS} 027: um Interviewer: I've heard doornail I've never heard 027: #1 doorknob # Interviewer: #2 doorknob but # 027: doorknob Interviewer: yeah it's good and just what might you say if you're talkin- you mentioned before you wouldn't you might want to soften it or veil the expression for members of the family or something you might say 027: He's gone Interviewer: yeah 027: That's a euphemism that is used so Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 much # My husband is gone Interviewer: yeah 027: oh when will he be back Interviewer: #1 uh-huh yeah # 027: #2 {NW}{C:Laughter} # Interviewer: well all of these terms, passed on and 027: #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 so forth # 027: #1 mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 or left us # uh departed um someone died you say I don't know what he 027: died of Interviewer: alright and the place where a person's buried is a 027: cemetery Interviewer: and the box is called a 027: now are you speaking of the mausoleum or the vault Interviewer: #1 no I'm just talking yeah that's # 027: #2 the casket # Interviewer: and the the um uh the ceremony is called a 027: a funeral Interviewer: and the family is in 027: mourning Interviewer: and someone might ask how are you feeling and it's it's you know a positive response you might say 027: now are you referring to mourning mourning Interviewer: #1 no this is about that we are a little # 027: #2 {X} okay # Interviewer: #1 okay alright # 027: #2 I'm fine # Interviewer: alright and um uh how about just not quite fine you might say oh I feel 027: {NW} so so Interviewer: alright and if someone's troubled about something you might everything will be alright don't 027: Just don't worry its it'll turn out alright Interviewer: {X} And if you have pains in the joints you might be suffering from 027: Arthur- Arthritis Interviewer: #1 alright # 027: #2 which is # often called Arthur-itis Interviewer: yeah 027: Or rheumatism Interviewer: yeah now uh you never use rheumatism the term 027: no grandmother used Interviewer: #1 alright # 027: #2 rheumatism # And a man came to the door the other day and saw me on crutches he says oh you on crutches, you've got arthritis? Interviewer: {NW}{C:Laughter} uh a disease that took the lives of a lot of children a generation or two back starts with a D 027: The Diphtheria Interviewer: and uh disease that causes a yellowing of the skin 027: Jaundice which is really um Hepatitis Interviewer: #1 is it a liver ailment or not # 027: #2 mm-hmm # Interviewer: uh they uh get a pain in the side that might be 027: appendicitis Interviewer: and um person can't keep food down you might say he is sick 027: uh to his stomach #1 I # Interviewer: #2 alright # 027: I would not say to his stomach I would say he's uh he's nauseated Interviewer: yeah but if you were going to use sick if you were gonna use something a preposition with stomach is to the one you'd use rather than at in on or of 027: uh neither sounds right to me um I'd think I'd probably say he must have eaten something that upset him Interviewer: but the term but the preposition of those that comes 027: #1 I don't know # Interviewer: #2 comes closest # 027: if it would be at or to I think i would be more likely to say in {NW} Interviewer: okay and a person who is who can't keep food down he might 027: uh he might vomit Interviewer: now any any uh crude terms for that 027: oh yes um heave Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 027: #2 is uh # the original Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 good term # Interviewer: uh-huh 027: as we were taught Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 uh in # school and then uh regurgitate Interviewer: uh well it is an interesting thing there I'll bet I was over twenty one before i knew that I always thought that vomit was the crude term 027: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 and throw up was the throw up was the uh was the uh # I really did I thought throw up was the 027: oh how about spilled his cookies Interviewer: yeah that's right I heard one that uh from a uh a college senior there uh uh in cleveland last week blow lunch 027: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 was not the most vigorous one I've heard so far # I'd uh never heard of that before 027: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 and I've heard a lot of 'em. Yeah it must be # uh Someone had some news and you know you say why did he come? over you'd say well he came over 027: To tell you the news Interviewer: yeah and if someone uh uh gives you something, lends you something you say that's really nice I'd like 027: Oh I'd like to have one of those Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 myself # Interviewer: oh yeah you you can keep though 027: I'd like to keep Interviewer: #1 yup # 027: #2 this # Interviewer: and you'd say 027: #1 that's not very polite # Interviewer: #2 if uh no no that's # is what the idea here is is whether you'd say you wouldn't say I'd like for to keep this 027: no Interviewer: um You say if that doesn't happen I'd be disappointed I 027: I'd be sorry Interviewer: well using uh uh Something before be I what be 027: I'd really be Interviewer: #1 yeah not # 027: #2 disappointed # Interviewer: no but using the part of the uh shall or will be disappointed 027: oh I shall be Interviewer: #1 uh and # 027: #2 disappointed # Interviewer: glad to see you we 027: uh we shall be glad to see you Interviewer: okay and if a child a child misbehaves you might say I'm gonna what you uh I'm going to 027: gonna spank you Interviewer: do you ever use go and spank, take and spank or up and spank 027: just spank Interviewer: alright a young man is seeing a lot of a girl they say he is what her he is 027: courting Interviewer: alright and she is um his 027: #1 girl # Interviewer: #2 They're not # yeah and uh and uh he is her 027: her date her friend her young man Interviewer: alright yeah alright well I was just thinking boyfriend girlfriend any other 027: #1 mm # Interviewer: #2 kind of terms that uh # um 027: no we've been interested some of the college neighbors Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 027: #2 that have gotten # back from school have come to see us and brought friends and this is so and so she is a friend of mine from school Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: so and so he is a friend of mine from Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 027: #2 school # very carefully Interviewer: that's interesting 027: I I thought so too. The child may have come two hundred miles to visit Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 and this is a friend # Interviewer: #1 uh-huh yeah # 027: #2 from school # Interviewer: Just one of the boys 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: yeah um they uh um uh after a date a boy might uh um bring a girl home and have uh he might at the door he might 027: #1 he might kiss her goodnight # Interviewer: #2 uh yeah # now what what are some other terms for that sort of thing in uh uh uh that is some terms some when you were young what terms were used 027: #1 I resent that when you were young # Interviewer: #2 uh yeah # 027: uh Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 027: #2 I think kiss is uh is a very good # Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 term um # I think uh such terms as um necking implying more than kiss Interviewer: yeah 027: #1 and uh # Interviewer: #2 okay # 027: my mother used uh sparking Interviewer: yeah 027: and that sort of thing Interviewer: yeah and then but spooning then 027: #1 went back to # Interviewer: #2 probably came but # 027: #1 grandmother's time # Interviewer: #2 yeah right # 027: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 yeah that's the that # necking yeah um 027: #1 and now they make out # Interviewer: #2 uh # yeah that's right but the the trouble with that is that these terms and making out are different than 027: #1 they they I think # Interviewer: #2 I mean you know it's # 027: #1 so # Interviewer: #2 you know you know and I really don't uh # uh uh you know it its hard especially hard to talk to kids about this because you know they 027: #1 they have definite distinctions # Interviewer: #2 you know they they got uh # right sure uh and if a a man has ask a woman to um um uh to marry him and she decides not to but shes all but she'd agreed before you might say she did what she 027: she broke her engagement Interviewer: yeah or she any any kind of jocular term there that might be used 027: she went back on her word Interviewer: yeah or anything like gave him the mitten threw him {X} 027: #1 oh # Interviewer: #2 uh turned him # 027: #1 possibly turned him # Interviewer: #2 off or # 027: #1 down but I would # Interviewer: #2 right # 027: think of that more in terms of Interviewer: #1 yeah right # 027: #2 not accepting in the first place # Interviewer: #1 but if she did yeah if # 027: #2 {X} # Interviewer: she didn't they went ahead and 027: got married Interviewer: alright and the man a man who uh attends a uh uh a um uh uh at at a wedding who stands up with the groom is called 027: The best man Interviewer: and the woman counterpart is the 027: maid of honor or matron of honor Interviewer: or just one of a number they're yeah 027: a bridesmaid Interviewer: yeah uh a noisy serenade after a wedding 027: well it's called a chivaree Interviewer: did they ever call it a chivaree around here? 027: Yes my mother uh told of attending chivarees Interviewer: uh-huh could ya describe it for me what you 027: the dean of the college married and brought his bride back and the children all got out of the dormitory. The college at that time uh took you from first grade through college Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: and so the children were various ages Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 027: #2 and they took # whistles and spoons and bells and what have you Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: and they went and hid on the lawn and as soon as the lights were turned out in the apartment then they started the Interviewer: #1 {NW}{C:Laughter} # 027: #2 {D:wild and nuts} # and then they serenaded Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 027: #2 them # Interviewer: now the ser- but it it is serenade and uh uh a serenade then is part of the chivaree? 027: It was in this case Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 I # do not think it always was. I think they sometimes ended up with things like Interviewer: #1 yeah # 027: #2 fireworks and # horseplay Interviewer: yeah well they sometimes call that uh they call the the whole thing a serenade 027: oh Interviewer: uh but I mean you 027: #1 to me the serenade is # Interviewer: #2 {D:That's great} # 027: the music Interviewer: yeah chivaree is uh yeah the chivaree is uh very this is about I think this is the first as far south as I've 027: #1 as you've heard it? # Interviewer: #2 I've uh # it's very common in uh you know up uh and this is a very distinct regional 027: #1 mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 uh term # uh if you're talking about being in knoxville yesterday you said I was 027: I was in Knoxville Interviewer: #1 if you're gonna put a # 027: #2 yesterday # Interviewer: put a preposition in there what would you use? 027: I went to Knoxville oh I'm I would not say I was over in or up in or down in because it's too close Interviewer: alright if uh uh under what circumstances do you use up down and over? 027: oh I go down uh to Atlanta Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: Or over to Nashville or down to Memphis Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: or out to Houston Interviewer: Alright out to Houston 027: uh-huh Interviewer: and then um uh where did and and uh and up to 027: oh Roanoke Washington. Interviewer: and north would be north south and then over is east and west but out is is 027: #1 is out West # Interviewer: #2 is east? # Out west you would say out to I went out to New York 027: no Interviewer: #1 out is # 027: #2 I went up to New # York Interviewer: yeah How about uh um if you went to um Richmond 027: I go up to Richmond Interviewer: alright let me think uh I think my geography If you went to Chapel hill 027: I'd probably go over across Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm yeah # 027: #2 the mountain Chapel Hill # Interviewer: now you wouldn't 027: #1 I'd # Interviewer: #2 You # 027: Go over to Chapel hill and I'd go Over to Ashe- Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 027: #2 Ville # I'd go over to Spartanburg and Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 027: #2 columbia # I sure would Interviewer: but the but but you couldn't you couldn't you'd say over to Co- Interviewer: Going to Chapel Hill 027: I'd probably go over, across the mountain to Chapel Hill. Interviewer: Yeah now you wouldn't 027: I'd go over to Chapel Hill and I'd go over to Asheville. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 027: I'd go over to Spartanburg and Columbia. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 027: I sure would. Interviewer: But the, but But you couldn't You couldn't You said over to Columbia too? 027: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: And that's #1 Because # 027: #2 Because # we go through {D: Newfoundaya}. Interviewer: Uh-huh. We'd be going over there. I see. 027: It's an over. Interviewer: Yeah, that's That is interesting. Uh But you don't there isn't there isn't enough Distance East to make it out, I suppose. to make it out one out Because in Chicago they really say sometimes {D: Southeast} in the Southeast 027: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: as well as out West. 027: I don't think we'd go out West as much as we'd go East. Interviewer: Alright. Uh. And you're talking about someone living just at say the Brown's house, would you, how would you How about over? Up? Down? 027: Uh I say, over it. Over {D: ruse} Um Which is across the road our other Marshalls, which is just beyond route which is up the hill. and I go over to Kitty's, which is all the way over in the other part of town. I use to go over to my mother's. Interviewer: Now it's over, what, what, what determines that? 027: Distance. I go up to the neighbors, or across the #1 neighbors # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 027: but when I go out on my subdivision and into Marehall, which is someone's house I'm going over to #1 their house. # Interviewer: #2 Alright well # What makes What's the difference between over and, or going up and going across? 027: I never go across. I guess I haven't learned that. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 027: And I go up uh to places that really are North of me. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 027: Or seem North of me, they may be Northeast. Interviewer: But if you went to a neighbor's house in the South you wouldn't you say I went down to? 027: No. Uh. I might go down the hill to someone's house if they were down the hill but it would be it's more a matter of Ruth and Marshall live up the hill. Interviewer: Do you ever, do you ever distinguish, this is an interesting distinction that I got in Cleveland and that was 'up and down' on the basis of social- 027: No. Interviewer: -uh difference in that I thought that was 027: Um, no. You may here someone say you're uh Uh, you're keeping exotic company matters or something like that. Interviewer: I didn't mean that. I didn't mean that. I mean living, I mean saying that a person lives down in whether it's 027: Oh! Down in such and such subdivision. Interviewer: Which is a lower or up-end 027: I don't think so, because uh we kept trying to did about a Park Side, which is our housing, uh federal housing, where Rose lives. {NW} I'd just say Rose lives in Park Side. Interviewer: But would- I want, would you say up,down, over there? 027: No, Rose lives in Park Side. I live in Westwood. Interviewer: Alright, let's say you went there. Would you say "I went over there," "I went up there," or "I went down there"? 027: Um, no. I went to Rose's home in Park Side. Interviewer: {X} 027: Nuh-uh. Interviewer: Okay. Um. We talked about all the people kind of in appreciative terms or all the kind of 027: The great mass. Interviewer: Yeah. Well we talked about your friends, let's say, and you were just using appreciative sentences were there. But using the whole something was there. The whole? 027: The whole group. The whole gang. Interviewer: Alright. um And music played, people got out on the floor, and that's the 027: The dance. Interviewer: Alright and at you have to be when you're driving around the school zone going around three or four o'clock, you have to be careful because the school- 027: Children are crossing. Interviewer: #1 Yeah and people # 027: #2 And school # was out. Interviewer: Yeah and you might have to call um when a uh at uh you want to find out, if a child begins school in September and you want to to know the exact dates you might call the principal and ask when does school. 027: Start. Interviewer: And a boy doesn't attend one class, you might say he? 027: He cut or he laid out. Interviewer: Alright, now what is there a difference between those two? 027: Uh, cut would be more on the college term and laid out would be someone the truant officer would go after. Interviewer: I see, and laid out would be all day rather than just one #1 class? # 027: #2 Not # necessarily. I have heard the children say he laid out of Chemistry. Interviewer: Oh that would be in high school? 027: It'd be in one period, Uh-huh.. Interviewer: And a person goes to school in order to get a good? 027: Education. Interviewer: Gets out of high school and goes to? 027: College. Interviewer: Gets out of kindergarten and goes into? 027: Grade school. Interviewer: And then first year is called? 027: The first grade. Interviewer: Yeah. And a child sits at a? 027: Desk. Interviewer: The plural? 027: Desks. Interviewer: And you check books out of the? 027: Library. Interviewer: And you mail a letter at the? 027: Post office. Interviewer: And in a strange town you might stay in a? 027: Hotel or a motel. Interviewer: And if you want to see a film, you might go to a? 027: Movie. Interviewer: And? 027: A theater. Interviewer: Yeah and if you have an operation, you'd go to a? 027: Hospital. Interviewer: And there there's a doctor and a? 027: Nurse. Interviewer: Okay, a place you get on a train. 027: {D: A base park?} Interviewer: Well for a train ride, where do you go to get on a train? 027: Oh to the depot. Interviewer: Alright, and uh 027: {D: by a train.} Interviewer: Yeah, that's right. In the, around the courthouse, Is there a lawn around the court- 027: #1 Yes. # Interviewer: #2 house? # What do you call that? 027: {D: The Kerniaflam.} Interviewer: Okay. #1 {C: laughing} # 027: #2 {C: laughing} # Gotta love that. Interviewer: You don't, no you don't use green colored squares, though? 027: Not here, no. uh let's see, Cleveland has a town square, I believe. Interviewer: Now, if you're walking across something in this direction, you know, you don't walk this way you kind of walk. 027: You're going diagonally or catty-cornered. Interviewer: Do you ever call that anything else? 027: Jaywalking? Interviewer: Well, I was- Do you have the term {D: andy goggling or andy goggling?} 027: No. Interviewer: Yeah, andy goggling is one that um uh they like that one so much that I told them they wrote this up in a survey they were doing several years ago. and uh uh {D: Neandy whistling was a term that we got.} {D: Meaning we got up to North Georgia and we were going neandy whistling.} kind of throwing a cock eyed 027: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: you know fashion across the field. {D: It was going.} Or planting something, Andy Goggling just #1 kind of cat that # 027: #2 I heard of that # Sky Goggling. Interviewer: Pardon? 027: Sky Goggling. Interviewer: Does that mean the same thing? 027: Uh-huh. Interviewer: Meaning 027: Yes. Interviewer: kind, planting things were you 027: Just every which way. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: going, moving, or planting or #1 sewing # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh # 027: or what have you. Interviewer: I just Well, could you use that in a sentence so I could get a. 027: um That field is laid out so that it's actually sky goggling. Interviewer: Okay, that's seems to have the same, that must be from the same kind of family of terms. And now in most big cities they have buses but before they used to have. 027: Oh, street cars. Interviewer: And if you were riding on a bus you might tell the driver "I want" at the next stop, I want 027: I want off the next stop. Interviewer: Alright, and Maryville is the what of blank? 027: The seat of Blount County. Interviewer: Alright. um, would you call it the county? 027: Seat. Interviewer: Would you say that together though. 027: County seat. Interviewer: Yeah And if you work for the post office, you work for the federal? 027: Government. Interviewer: And the police department as a job is? 027: I mean it's #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Yeah # And the police department is supposed to maintain? 027: Law and order Interviewer: Yeah, and the War of eighteen-sixty-five that was over in 1865 was the? 027: War between the states. Interviewer: Do you ever call it anything else? 027: Um Yes. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 I was just trying to. Yeah yeah! # And uh If they use the rope to execute murderers they say the murderer was? 027: Hanged. Interviewer: But he didn't wait until he was carried out, he did it himself in his cell, you'd say he? 027: He hanged himself. Interviewer: Alright Now, here's some geography and this is strictly for pronunciation. #1 {X} # 027: #2 {X} # Interviewer: Okay. uh The uh um, Rochester is in? 027: New York. Interviewer: New York? 027: State. Interviewer: Alright. And Baltimore? 027: Maryland. Interviewer: Roanoke? 027: Virginia. Interviewer: Asheville? 027: North Carolina. Interviewer: Uh, um. Colum- Columbia? 027: South Carolina. Interviewer: Uh Atlanta? 027: Georgia. Interviewer: Uh Tampa? 027: Florida. Interviewer: Birmingham? 027: Alabama. Interviewer: Uh. New Orleans? 027: Lousi- Interviewer: Yeah 027: Louisianna. Interviewer: The state just North of here? 027: Uh, there's four of them. North Carolina, Virginia uh South Carolina and Kentucky. Interviewer: Is-is-is South Carolina North of here too? Is that it comes up that far? 027: Uh-huh. Interviewer: Yeah 027: Sure does. Interviewer: Um and the state The two states that that uh Tennessee touches on the West? 027: Um Mississippi and Arkansas. Interviewer: And just North of Arkansas is? 027: Missouri. Interviewer: And 027: No, do we go straight into Missouri? No, we go into Kentucky and then to Missouri. Interviewer: Yeah And the state West of Louisianna? 027: Texas. Interviewer: And North of Texas? In, in the 027: Oklahoma, I guess. Interviewer: Yeah, that's right. Now the big city in Maryland is? 027: Baltimore. Interviewer: And the seat of the federal government is? 027: Washington, D.C. Interviewer: And the largest city in Missouri? 027: Saint Louis. Interviewer: The court in South Carolina? 027: Is Charleston. Interviewer: There's some cities in There's some big big cities in Alabama. 027: Oh, well Other than Birmingham, there's Montgomery. And um Interviewer: There's court city, it's the only other one. 027: #1 Mobile. # Interviewer: #2 Down. # Yeah. And the big city in Illinois? 027: Is Chicago. Interviewer: And the city across here in North Carolina's mountains? 027: Asheville. Interviewer: And, The uh four uh big cities in Tennessee? 027: Oh. Knoxville, Chattanooga, Nashville, Memphis. Interviewer: And the big and four big cities in Georgia? 027: uh Atlanta, Columbus Is Macon a big city? And Brunswick? Is Brunswick a big city? Interviewer: Yeah, that's There's a fourth city though. 027: Is Brunswick? Interviewer: In North. 027: Oh, Augusta! Interviewer: No. 027: Savannah! Savannah. Savannah. Savannah. Savannah. {X} Interviewer: Maybe Augusta are the middle and fourth now. I said. 027: It must be, because it Interviewer: #1 said an important. # 027: #2 {X} # Interviewer: See uh And two big cities in Louisiana? 027: Oh um Baton Rogue and New Orleans. Interviewer: And the river city in Ohio? Cin- Cin- 027: In uh A home on the river? Interviewer: Uh-huh.. 027: I'm sorry, Cincinnati? Interviewer: Sure. And then and then if you continue down the river or towards the Mississippi you'd get to the city you come to in Kentucky. 027: Oh it's {X} That's right out of Cincinnati, but that's not what you're thinking of. Interviewer: It's the one near the Church of Dallinger. 027: Oh, Lexington. Interviewer: No, over. 027: Louisville. Interviewer: Yeah. 027: Okay, I always get those two mixed. Interviewer: If you're talking about how far uh, if someone says how far it is from here to Knoxville you say "oh it's about 14..." 027: Uh, sixteen miles Or sixteen miles Southeast of Knoxville. Interviewer: Okay. Uh, if someone wants to know if after you do something you "say well I don't know" I want to do that or not. I don't. 027: I don't know if I would like. Interviewer: Alright. And if someone's been sick for a long time and say "it seems what he'd never pulled through." 027: It seemed like a miracle. Interviewer: Ah. And if you had said I You refused to go by yourself you might tell a friend, "I won't go, you go too. I won't go." 027: I won't go unless you go too. Interviewer: And the other choice of doing two things, you say "I did this doing that. I did this." 027: Instead of doing that. Interviewer: Yeah. And someone says "why do you like him so much?" and the answer is that he's so funny so you say "I like him." 027: I like him because he's so funny. Interviewer: Uh um. And someone, someone's going to leave and you say "I won't stay. You go, I-" 027: I won't stay if you go. Interviewer: Yeah. And the largest church in the South is the. 027: The largest church in the South? You mean building? Interviewer: #1 No, just- # 027: #2 Or # denomination? Interviewer: Denomination. 027: I guess it would be the Catholic church. Interviewer: The largest Protestant church... 027: Would be the Baptist. Interviewer: Yeah. And they, if a person becomes a member, you'd say he... 027: He joined the Baptist church. Interviewer: Alright and the uh the church where one worships... 027: Uh. Interviewer: The Supreme Being. 027: Oh, the one worships God. Interviewer: Yeah. And If an old person says "My..." 027: My God. Interviewer: And a minister preaches a... 027: Sermon. Interviewer: And the organ plays... 027: An anthem. Interviewer: And an anthem is a kind of. 027: Hymn. Interviewer: And a hymn, an anthem all of those are different kinds of... 027: Of um Interviewer: You know a symphony would also be another kind of variety of 027: Classical music? Interviewer: Yeah! Just-just-just music. 027: Music. Interviewer: Um. And the song from Oklahoma, "Oh, What a..." 027: Beautiful Morning. Interviewer: Yeah. And what's a ballad? 027: A ballad? Interviewer: Yeah. 027: It is a story about a person who actually lived telling what he did and has been uh carried down by uh word mouth, by hearing not by having been written. Interviewer: Have you ever heard the term 'ballad' used for a hymn? 027: No, I don't think so. Interviewer: Alright, if um if you're going to church and you get a flat tire and you have to fix it, there's a lot of flat tires that day, you might say "Church will be over..." 027: Before we get there! Interviewer: Okay. And the uh proprietor of hell is... 027: Satan. Interviewer: Any other terms for. 027: Saint Nick. Lucifer. um. Interviewer: How about one beginning with "d." 027: The devil. Interviewer: Yeah. 027: The devil do I see. Interviewer: Alright. Any other uh um uh jocular terms? 027: I can't think of anything. Interviewer: There's a house in a neighborhood that children are afraid of to go in to. You might call that a... 027: A haunted house. Interviewer: And what's supposed to be in there? 027: Oh spooks and ghosts and something that'll get them. Interviewer: You say "I think I'm going to put on a sweater because it's a..." #1 What? # 027: #2 It's a little chilly. # Interviewer: Alright and you say "oh, I'll do that if you insist but I'd really..." 027: I'd really rather not. Interviewer: And if you're If someone comes in that you haven't seen in a long time, you might say "glad to see," you might say "I'm..." 027: Glad to see you. Interviewer: Yeah, So if you were going to use "delighted" or "glad," what um... 027: I'm so glad to see you. Interviewer: That's- okay. And once again we're back to right smart, if uh you're talking about someone owning a large amount of land, now you might say we talked about right smart as probably being appropriate there, but you said you don't use that facetiously. What would you probably say? "He owns a..." 027: He owns a large tract of land or he owns half of Blount County or something like that. Interviewer: Alright, would you ever use a good deal? 027: No. Interviewer: Um, if there's a slight difference between two things, you might say "well they're not- they seem about the same, but if but this one is..." 027: Just a little better than that one. Interviewer: Alright, okay. Um, if you're- someone asks you if you're able to do something, you say "why can I..." 027: I certainly can. Interviewer: Alright. And , um, someone- you want to use something to modify "he dreaded the place" to indicate forcefully "he what dreaded the place?" He? 027: Oh, he really dreaded that #1 place. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # And if it's the Is it Someone says "is it very cold?" do they always say "oh yes it's..." 027: I would say it is just you know, real cold. Interviewer: Yeah 027: When we had um A-S-T-P students here doing World War Two, they'd say it's colder in hell and I thought that was funniest #1 thing I'd ever heard # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # Where's A-S-T-P? Is that 027: Oh, Army Stephen Pilot Training. Interviewer: Oh I #1 see. # 027: #2 Then # they had them in colleges Interviewer: Uh-huh. 027: to finish their college education. Interviewer: Yeah. Uh, and was used "real" in the sense of "good" too? 027: Yes, that's real good. Interviewer: Yeah. And did you ever- Have you ever heard the expression "Those are-" Speaking of indicating if something is of high quality saying for instance those "those are real dogs" or... 027: Um. That's real class. Interviewer: Yeah. 027: Something like that, perhaps. Interviewer: But not with a- with a specific thing that is like 027: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Um 027: That's the real thing. Interviewer: Yeah, okay. Now some expressions of um that you might use of- let's say I hit your thumb with a hammer. What might you say? 027: {NW} I'd say "Ow!" Interviewer: #1 Yeah, alright. # 027: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: But any but a kind of a of a, a most a specific word that you might use there. 027: Oh darn. Something. Interviewer: Okay. And is that about is that's about the most severe that you've used? 027: Yes. Interviewer: Alright. And then- Alright and then- Do you ever use the expression uh "shucks" or "lamb steaks"? Either of those? 027: No, I for goodness sakes. Now I've heard those. Interviewer: And if something- If somebody did something that was really weird you know and you might say "why the is that?" 027: Why in the world would you do that? Interviewer: Did you ever use the expression "the idea"? 027: Uh-huh. #1 Years ago I # Interviewer: #2 How many- # 027: The very idea. Interviewer: Okay. Um. And. How would you, um, greet a close friend that you saw for the first time and you hadn't seen them for a while, you might say? 027: Hello! I'm so glad to see you. Interviewer: Alright. And how would you uh- Uh Uh How would you- How would you greet a stranger? Someone introduced you to someone, you might say... 027: How do you do? I'm so glad to meet you. Interviewer: Alright. Now what- How about the expression "how are you"? 027: Ah, yes. uh Interviewer: Would that be more for strangers or for... 027: Uh, that- is just a greeting. Interviewer: Mm-hmm 027: A lot- Hi, how are you? Interviewer: uh-huh 027: That's just all sort of the same. Interviewer: Yeah. 027: It doesn't require an answer really. Interviewer: Okay, they um- uh Yeah that's- Somebody gave that as a- As a definition of a bore someone gives you an answer to #1 "how are you?" # 027: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Um, uh If a person who, um uh uh Someone leaves and you might say "come..." 027: Come again. Interviewer: Alright. And the usual greeting on December twenty-fifth? 027: Merry Christmas. Interviewer: Alright. Was there anything else you might have said when you were younger, a child as a as a... 027: No. We always said "Merry Christmas." Um. My cousins used to say "Christmas Gift." Interviewer: Ah, okay. 027: But that always seemed to me as if it were implying that they expected you to be #1 bringing something. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah now # where, where was- Where did they live? 027: They were right here in Blount County. Interviewer: Uh-huh. #1 Did they # 027: #2 They had got # it from colored people. Interviewer: uh-huh yeah That's kind of a game they play, you know. The Christmas gift thing. It's kind of like when you say Christmas gift then you have to #1 {D: give them something.} # 027: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: And then the usual greeting on January first? 027: Happy New Year. Interviewer: And if someone does a great favor for you you might say "I'm much..." 027: Uh, you're thinking "I'm much obliged." Interviewer: Yeah. Uh, what would you- How would you pronounce that, but now that you have pronounced it what might you say? What would you- 027: I'm very grateful. Interviewer: Okay. 027: Thank you so much. Interviewer: Alright. If someone uh asks you if you could do something, you say asks you if you have time to do something you say "well I..." 027: I think so. {X} Interviewer: And if you had to buy some um uh some food, you would go to the... 027: The grocery. Interviewer: And you say "I have to go uh uh into town today, I have to do some..." 027: Shopping. Interviewer: And you go #1 outside- # 027: #2 Or some # errands. Interviewer: Okay and you had to- you bought a package and and the clerk, he... 027: He wrapped it. Interviewer: And then you took it home and you... 027: Unwrapped it. Interviewer: And they The man who owned the store lost money because he had to sell it at... 027: At cost or uh below cost. Interviewer: What would you say if he hadn't sold it at below cost, he sold it at a... 027: At a loss. Interviewer: Yeah. And you say "I'm going to buy but it what too much?" It? 027: It costs too much. Interviewer: And on the- On the uh first of the month or the tenth of the month {X} On the tenth of the month the bill is... 027: Due. Interviewer: And if you belong to a club you have to pay your? 027: Dues. Interviewer: If you don't have enough money you might have to go to a bank and... 027: Borrow. Interviewer: And in the thirties, money was? 027: Very scarce. Interviewer: Uh Do you- uh- Are you familiar with the use of the expression "anymore"? Or would you use it saying "anymore money is scarce" in the same sense as you- 027: No. I would say I don't go there anymore. Interviewer: #1 Yeah, but would you # 027: #2 Not anymore money is scarce. # Interviewer: Have you heard- You hear that a lot around here? 027: Uh, no. Interviewer: uh-huh 027: You might hear out- More out toward the mountains. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 027: I haven't heard it uh in a long time. Interviewer: Um Someone got up on the diving board and then he... 027: Dived. Interviewer: He has... 027: He has dived. Interviewer: And he will? 027: Dived? Interviewer: And to dive in the water and land flat on your stomach is a? 027: Belly flop. Interviewer: Okay when the child is on the floor, he turns a? 027: Flip. Interviewer: Or a? 027: Cartwheel. Interviewer: Yeah, or a som- 027: Somersault! Yeah, yeah, yeah. Interviewer: And he j- he he jumped in the water and he... 027: Dog paddled. Interviewer: And or just he 027: Swam? Interviewer: Yeah He will... 027: {D: Swim} Interviewer: He has? 027: Swum. Interviewer: Alright. And a bonus or a gift that might be tossed in with a purchase When a purchase is made or a bill is paid. 027: Uh, didn't get that here but it's lagniappe. Interviewer: Yeah A lagniappe is in- 027: In Louisiana. Interviewer: In Louisiana and in Texas it's {D: peon}. 027: Yes Interviewer: But But the 027: You don't get it here. Interviewer: {D: pirogues} is the only term that I think that That uh Is the You might get into at some parts, but if you get I hadn't uh uh {X} If someone went down to the third time in the water you'd say he was? 027: He was going down for the third time, he was drowning. Interviewer: Yeah, he uh he? He did? 027: He drowned. Interviewer: Alright. And a baby gets down on all fours and? 027: Crawls. Interviewer: And. Uh. The squirrel what up the tree? 027: Climbs. Or runs. Interviewer: Yeah. Yesterday the squirrel? 027: Climbed up the tree. Interviewer: Has? 027: Has climbed the tree. Interviewer: Alright the child would stand behind the chair some people might say he? down behind the chair? 027: Oh, he crouched down. Interviewer: Alright And uh In church, uh especially in a Catholic church, would say that the parishioners- 027: #1 Kneel. # Interviewer: #2 Pray. # 027: #1 Yes they. # Interviewer: #2 Kneel to pray. # 027: They knelt to pray. Interviewer: Alright, and uh If I'm tired I think I'll what down for a while? 027: Lie down for a while. Interviewer: Alright. Say that lazy, lousy, he what in bed all day? He? 027: He lay in bed all day. Interviewer: Right. If I didn't, I- I slept the uh last night but I I already have- 027: But, I'm still tired this #1 morning? # Interviewer: #2 No no. # Stop. {NS} 027: {X} #1 I dreamed. # Interviewer: #2 I slept. # Yeah. 027: I slept. Interviewer: "I dream" is what I was getting at. I I I knew I was going to. 027: Dream. Interviewer: I have? 027: Dreams. Or I have dreamt. Interviewer: And what I And Early in the morning, I? 027: Awoke. Interviewer: Alright and to do this on the floor. {NS} Hard is to. 027: Stomp. Interviewer: Yeah. Alright and first, after a date or dance, a boy might say to a girl "May I?" 027: May I take you home? Interviewer: Yeah. And get on a rope and you? 027: You pull. Interviewer: When you're buying a cart and stuff and you have to? 027: Push. Interviewer: You have a heavy bag of meal or luggage. You say you what that up the stairs? 027: Oh, lugged it up. Interviewer: Okay, now how about tote? 027: Um, I don't believe we tote anymore. And we never did carry. You have to go to Georgia to be carried. #1 Which just # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 027: fascinated #1 me when I was # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh # 027: a little girl. Interviewer: uh-huh And if a child is running around getting into all kinds of things, you might say now don't- don't be alarmed but don't? 027: Just, just don't do that. Don't touch things. Interviewer: Yeah. And if you wanted to see one of the a knife or uh scissors {X} You might ask someone go? 027: Go in my bedroom and get me the scissors out of my sewing basket. Interviewer: And uh In a Now would you say "go get" rather than "go bring"? 027: Yes. Interviewer: Alright. In a game- 027: But I would say "please bring me" if I weren't instructing to go get it. Interviewer: uh-huh. Okay. In a uh Uh in a game that plays where people want to tag or touch 027: Is tag? Interviewer: Yeah, the place while in a In a game You know the place where they end? Where they? 027: Oh, home base. Interviewer: Alright. Now how about in football, they cross the what line? 027: The goal line. Interviewer: Alright. And throw a ball up in the air and you try to? 027: Catch it. Interviewer: Did you? You say "yes, I..." 027: Caught it. Interviewer: I have? 027: Caught it. Interviewer: If someone's in a big rush, you say "take it easy, I'll wait..." 027: For you. Interviewer: And if a child has been misbehaving and punching, the child might say "please, please give-" 027: {D: Please don't.} Interviewer: Give me a? 027: Give me another chance. Interviewer: And if a person's in You might say he's in good spirits or you might say he's in good? 027: Oh, good mood. Good humor. Interviewer: Yeah. Uh and so we have to get the {D: working} man out because I want to what those bugs? I want to? 027: I want to kill those bugs. Interviewer: Yeah or get? 027: Get rid of those #1 bugs. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # And person uh putting on the diff- um say he knew it all, you might say he what he knew it all? 027: He thought he knew it all. Interviewer: And alright and um a child in school might say who what {D: mom} Interviewer: Someone tells you something that you hadn't you know reminding you of something you say "oh yes now I..." 027: Now I remember. Interviewer: And if you didn't you say "well I don't..." 027: I don't remember that at all. Interviewer: If they had {D: attitude?} 027: I had to write. Interviewer: Yesterday, I? 027: Wrote. Interviewer: I had? 027: Written. Interviewer: And now I expect? 027: To write. Interviewer: You expect a reply, you might say reply or when you when you uh uh or you might say you expect an? 027: Answer the letter. Interviewer: Yeah, but using an analogy saying "now I expect..." you know an answer using it that way. 027: I expect a reply or I expect a letter in return. Interviewer: Yeah and so you put a um on the envelope, you put the person's name and? 027: Address. Interviewer: And you might have to ask someone "what is his..." 027: Zip code. Interviewer: Or his? 027: Address. Interviewer: Uh and when you do that, you say "I'm going to what the letter"? Would you ever use 027: I'm going to mail it. Interviewer: Would you ever use address or address {C: pronunciation} there for the "I had to..." 027: Oh, I'm going to address the letter, yes. mm-hmm. Interviewer: And if I was doing something strange, my mother might say "who?" 027: Who taught you that? Interviewer: Yeah, and if you haven't gotten around you say "we haven't gotten around to doing that yet but we?" 027: We will. We expect to do it soon. Interviewer: Alright. And then, you say that someone I had uh I'm not going to do that but you can if... 027: If you wish. Interviewer: Alright. And children's nicknames were one of the tattles... 027: Tattle, tattle, tat. Your tongue will be slit. Interviewer: Okay And you might go out in the garden and put these in a vase. You go out? 027: Cut flowers. Interviewer: Alright. Uh. Something a child plays with? 027: A doll? A ball? Interviewer: Yeah, or a general term for anything? 027: Toys. Interviewer: Yeah anything else? The term we talked about yesterday? 027: Plaything. Interviewer: Yeah. 027: A play pretty's your thing, huh? Interviewer: If something happened that you uh the child would play around or fall down and that was going to happen you say "I just?" 027: I just knew that was going to happen. Interviewer: If someone says um uh uh you had um Which one um did you receive from someone, you would say "well that's the one you?" 027: That's the one you gave me. Interviewer: Yeah and uh You um I hadn't even asked for it and you had already. You had? 027: Already brought it to #1 him. # Interviewer: #2 You had? # 027: Given it to him. Interviewer: Yeah uh And if you wanted to know what time someone um you might say started work or another ways you say we? 027: We began work or we went to work. Interviewer: Yeah and the work had before we? 027: Had begun. Interviewer: Alright. And we will? #1 Now that we # 027: #2 We will begin. # Interviewer: Yeah And he had what along the path before? He had? 027: He had walked. Interviewer: And moving more rapidly? 027: Run. Interviewer: Yeah. 027: He had jogged on the path. {C: laughing} Interviewer: Yesterday he? 027: Yesterday he ran. Interviewer: Yeah. um and um he Over to tell me his news he? 027: He ran over and he came over. Interviewer: Yeah and tomorrow he will? 027: Will run over. Interviewer: Or will come? 027: Will come over. Interviewer: Yeah. And with your eyes you? 027: You look. Interviewer: Alright and you? 027: See. Interviewer: Yeah and yesterday you? 027: Saw. Interviewer: You had? 027: Seen. Interviewer: Alright and you had to take a detour on a downtown road but it was all? 027: Torn up. Interviewer: Okay and uh you give someone a bracelet and then like say go ahead and? 027: Put it on. Wear it. Interviewer: Right. And you say "that's nothing new, he had that before." He had? 027: He had done that before. Interviewer: Yesterday, he? 027: He did that yesterday. Interviewer: And he will again. He will? 027: He will do it tomorrow. Interviewer: If someone says "what's new?" you'd say? 027: Nothing. Interviewer: You say come now there must be. 027: Something. Interviewer: Yeah, I think I'll go out because it's what a nice day? It's uh? 027: Such a nice day. Interviewer: And how long has it been that way? You say "as far as I know, it's?" 027: Always. Interviewer: And I've lived here nineteen? 027: Fifty-two years. Interviewer: I've lived here ev- ever? 027: Ever since nineteen-hundred Interviewer: Okay and if someone says why why did why did uh he Did he do that accidentally? And you say "no he did it?" 027: Absolutely on purpose. Interviewer: Right and uh do you make it a distinction between these two expressions: "I think so" and I think so. Do those have two different meanings? 027: No. Interviewer: Um. uh. Someone Have a question, you don't have the answer to it yourself you say "well, I have that many times myself." I have? 027: I've asked that question #1 many times # Interviewer: #2 And I probably will? # 027: Ask it again. Interviewer: And those little boys can't get along together they what all the time? 027: They fight. Interviewer: Yesterday they? 027: Fought. Interviewer: They have? 027: Fought. Interviewer: And a large knife that's made for a large knife that might A hunter knife you would use it in killing a wild hog is a? 027: Oh hunting knife? A dagger? Interviewer: Yeah. Alright he what the hog with the knife? He? 027: I suppose he struck him. Interviewer: Or stu- 027: Stuck him? Interviewer: Yeah. 027: You stick a pig when you're going to slaughter him. Interviewer: Alright well a man who's Another man you might say he what him with the knife? In the back. You say? 027: Oh, he stabbed him in the back. Interviewer: Yeah. And then he what the blade out? He? 027: He pulled it out. Interviewer: Alright. 027: And wiped it off. Interviewer: Alright if one dropped- Yeah. {NW} Alright. 027: {X} Interviewer: Okay. And if something. That you, you If you had to lift something up A heavy Well a safe, let's say you're going to lift a safe up and you have to get it into a a room you know up on the third floor or something uh. For the elevator, they put it on something and. 027: The block and {D: tow} Interviewer: And then they what it up in the air? 027: Pull it up. Interviewer: Or what? 027: Hoist it up. Interviewer: Yeah. And you have an orange and your two children there and you want to give one a part. You say "I'm going to?" 027: I'm going to divide it in half. Interviewer: Yeah Do you ever say "I'm going to cut it?" 027: In two? Interviewer: Yeah. Or cut half in two? 027: Cut it in two or divide it in half. Interviewer: Alright. And if someone's bothering someone else, you say "don't!" 027: Don't bother me. Leave me #1 alone. # Interviewer: #2 Don't sat # say to him don't. uh You say "don't listen to him,""don't pay attention to him," or "don't pay him..." 027: I would never say "don't pay him no mind." Interviewer: No. Don't pay him no {X} nevermind. 027: Never. Interviewer: Yeah. um If something didn't irritate you, you'd say "well that's alright, he didn't?" 027: He didn't bother me at all. Interviewer: Alright. And uh Someone might say "women, you better watch out for her because she'll what you out of bed?" She'll? 027: Oh, she'll kick you out of that. She'll do you out of #1 bed. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah that, that # But doing out of it in a kind of could you hold it you know you say- 027: Oh, she'll talk you out of it? Interviewer: Yeah or would you say "sweet talk" or or is that at all used just the words you do? 027: No, um sweet talk something see in the fun paper. Interviewer: Oh what's- 027: You see it in the funny paper rather than Interviewer: #1 {X} # 027: #2 {X} # Interviewer: I see. Uh-huh. 027: Is it crazy how he. Interviewer: Okay, now um if a teacher might say to um to students about the bell you know um uh uh 027: Is it time for the #1 bell to ring? # Interviewer: #2 yeah because # Well you should listen? 027: Listen for the bell? Interviewer: Yeah. And when we talked before about the child sitting down behind something. And when the child jumped up, he might say? 027: Surprise! Interviewer: Okay. And then you'd say Think about that same thing someone is say something like "you needn't be so?" 027: You needn't be so surprised? Interviewer: Yeah. 027: You was there all the time. Interviewer: Well, okay. Or like the other word is "snatched." But you ever You know that? You needn't be snatched or snatched or surprised? Um and if someone asked you if you had come over to A neighbor was going to borrow something and um some oil and say "well I've got," go ahead and march it, say "I've got?" 027: A little bit. Interviewer: Alright. And you're trying to do two thing, you'd say "well I'd rather do this..." 027: Than that. Interviewer: And had If a stranger you might you might Someone who wants to meet a stranger you say "well I'll..." 027: I'll introduce you. Interviewer: Have you ever heard the expression "knock you down?" Meaning introduced? 027: No! {NW} Interviewer: Um, that's in Huckleberry Finn. 027: It is. Interviewer: To knock you down. And I {X} In the In Hannibal. The old man 027: Is that right? Interviewer: Knock you down, he gets knocked down to get away. I'll give you a knock down. 027: I don't remember it in Huckleberry Finn. Interviewer: Um {NS} Now, someone gives you all sorts of reasons you know for doing something. And, but despite everything with you, you say "despite everything you said, I still won't go." How might you say it. 027: You couldn't talk me into it. Interviewer: Would you say something- Would you ever use "yet" and "still" or "for all that," "nevertheless" or something like that? 027: No, not even "nevertheless." Interviewer: Okay, well that's it. Interviewer: But thank you very much. 027: #1 {C: laughing} # Interviewer: #2 {C: laughing} # 027: Where you knew everybody and everybody knew you and it's grown and sprawled. Until our joint population with Alcoa is something like fifty thousand. {NS} Interviewer: What are the the principle {NS} sections of Maryville the principle do you know parts of it? 027: Originally the town was over {NS} where you first come in. I don't know how you came. Interviewer: From um Knoxville out the Alcoa highway. 027: Uh-huh. Well you missed it. The principle the original section was over where the railroad tracks are. Then by the time I was growing up that was known as Little Town. Now when my parents were growing up the train came in over there and that was the end of the line and there was a turntable and my dad and all the little boys Interviewer: Mm-kay. 027: got out and turned the train around so it could go back to Knoxville. And uh then Maryville moved. Eastward. Moved Westward. Across the ridge, you see we're on three ridges. And they're all on Pistol Creek. Pistol Creek just Interviewer: Circles? 027: All over the pl- I can give you a map if you would like. Interviewer: My understanding so if they just kind of twist around like. 027: Yeah uh-huh. And um. Several years ago when they were repaving what we used to call Main Street and now call Broadway and which has um I guess about fifteen years ago they did this renovation and curving broadway #1 and all this # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # Mm-hmm. 027: {D: betting and put the fallow} #1 seeds in # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 027: and the big joke was you know the the Indians are going to attack Fort Loudoun. Interviewer: {NW} 027: {NW} We're getting ready for 'em. Hoping uh to attract business back downtown and away from the shopping centers. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: Which it has not done. Interviewer: {NW} I see. 027: And um then we moved to the shopping centers and then now this particular subdivision was uh planted in nineteen and eighteen or nineteen but it wasn't built in until the sixties. Interviewer: {NW} That was quite a quite 027: #1 Uh-huh. # Interviewer: #2 {D: a spring then.} # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 027: That's right. Interviewer: What is this particular subdivision called? 027: This is Westwood. Interviewer: What are some of the other residential subdivisions like Westwood? 027: The oldest one I guess well the oldest one is Eagleton Village, which was built to house uh Oak Ridge workers Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: during the war. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: Uh they commuted from here to Oak Ridge. At well the oldest one is Alcoa because the whole town was built by the company for its workers and it did not open up for private ownership until after the war. Uh World War Two. And uh. Interviewer: Um Maryville and Alcoa is that kind of like one town almost? Or? 027: Uh the city limit signs are on the same post. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: But Alcoa had no business except a dry cleaner and a grocery store until it was opened Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: and they sold the company houses to the people that wanted them. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: It was built for the workers and they had um a garden spot in the backyard of every house and uh so that they could raise their own food. And then there were five houses I guess for executives which were very very lovely elegant homes and they were in sort of a little park Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: to themselves. But they had a high schoo- well they had elementary and high school. And they had the most beautiful swimming pool in the south. Which was built in about twenty-three or twenty-four and has just this year been rebuilt. Interviewer: Oh is it? 027: But they kept uh the general features of it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: It really is they scared us all to death #1 last year they # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 027: promised us a wave pool and the whole county just went up in arms and so the wave pool went to Pigeon Forge. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. I see. Uh talking about the the residential areas what oh would you say of the the nicest or the wealthier residential areas around Maryville? 027: Uh Westwood uh was built first. And after we got about twenty houses out here then uh Heritage Hills opened. Interviewer: Whereabouts is Heritage Hills? 027: Its about five miles down Montvale road beyond us toward the mountains. And um Sunset View which is you almost hit as you came off the bypass you know you will hit it as you go on the bypass. Uh is probably the oldest one that that was actually plotted and occupied. Before that the Willard subdivision which was before I was born. And the first one that I remember is Sunset View and they were varying their they varied from very large and very lovely homes to nice small homes. And they still do. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: #1 It hasn't changed # Interviewer: #2 {D: Yeah?} # 027: in character at all. Interviewer: That's unusual for #1 something to # 027: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: last that long and 027: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: and not change its character it is. 027: It has they have opened up a whole new other subdivision which is named Sherwood Forest but everyone considers it Sunset View because the roads just go on through. And um. Interviewer: Yes ma'am. What about the say poorer neighborhoods where would where would they be? 027: Uh until about five years ago they were just on the other side of Main Street. Interviewer: Yes ma'am. 027: Broadway. And then housing came in. Interviewer: Mm. 027: Federal housing. Interviewer: Mm. Oh and those were housing projects they don't know why #1 they came out and # 027: #2 Right. # Interviewer: #1 yeah mm-hmm. # 027: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #1 # 027: #2 # Those are housing projects and there are housing projects out here less than two miles away from us. And uh we didn't realize they were housing project and I was Interviewer: #1 helping # 027: #2 {NW} # a young friend have a home. Interviewer: Yes ma'am. 027: And uh {NW} he was told that the criteria was how many children you had. Interviewer: {NW} 027: And um so that let him out immediately. {NW} Interviewer: It would let me out too so. 027: {NW} So that's how we found out. {NS} But it was pretty evident pretty quickly that that's what it is. Interviewer: What about now uh say middle middle or working come working class neighborhoods where which ones would they be? Whereabouts maybe? 027: Uh right beyond us just in the county is Fairview Heights. Which is separated from Westwood by a fence and by a very nice very good county school. And um when these two were open they were {NW} {NW} rich man's acres and poor man's paradise. Interviewer: {NW} I guess that 027: {NW} Interviewer: that sums things up pretty good. 027: {NW} So uh as far as subdivisions now all over town of course you find both because we have the college. Interviewer: Yes ma'am. 027: And we have people who commute we have quite a few U-T teachers who commute who live in more in Alcoa than in Maryville. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: Some that live in Maryville we have college teachers and now these beautiful old Victorian homes are being bought by young people. #1 Young professional people # Interviewer: #2 Restoring? # 027: and uh restored as they can Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: and just its really thrilling to see. Interviewer: Dr. Wright in the English department I believe was out in Maryville. 027: Wright. #1 Right across # Interviewer: #2 Maybe? # 027: from the uh campus in a house which her mother designed and built. Interviewer: Mm. #1 I had just been there I didn't # 027: #2 Built. # Interviewer: I did know that she she lived here though. 027: Uh-huh. Oh yes. Interviewer: {NW} The uh uh. 027: She's a very good friend of mine. Interviewer: Oh I didn't realize that. 027: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: I think she's in is she in Europe this summer or? #1 Its kind of kind of a # 027: #2 That's right # she goes almost every summer she goes to well she's working on the other end of this uh whatever it's proper term is. Interviewer: Yes ma'am the Linguistic 027: And she #1 worked with # Interviewer: #2 Atlas. # 027: uh Interviewer: With uh Professor Orton? 027: Uh Professor Orton from Leeds who uh died. Interviewer: Yes ma'am. 027: And about two years ago and um he was a charming man. Interviewer: I was never able to meet him I've heard some tapes and things that he made and made in some tongues but. 027: He was utterly charming and I was so amused one evening we had our niece who went to the University of New Mexico and was here for her spring break because she went with a young man who was at the University of Virginia. And so they spent spring break with us which was a pretty good Interviewer: Mm-hmm yes ma'am. 027: point uh and uh we were up at Gatlinburg and Nathalia was up there with the Ortons and some other people and so we were introducing and uh Doctor Orton said to Ann now and where do you go to school and she said the University of New Mexico and he said and where is that? And she looked at him and she said in the state of New Mexico. {NW} #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 027: Which left him just as blank as a board. {C: Previous line laughing} but he left her just as blank. {NW} Interviewer: I guess so. 027: {NW} That was one he hadn't heard of. {NW} Interviewer: Yes ma'am. Uh now you were talking about Alcoa what about the uh neighborhoods there were they are they wealthy or or working class or? 027: Both. Interviewer: Both? 027: Mm-hmm. Uh you have your and they are still not too not too mixed. You have some mixed neighborhoods. Some mixed marriages some mixed families. But not too many. And uh those are in the um very lowest of the working class. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: But now the school is integrated and my husband's secretary that lives in Alcoa and her children go to school out there. And her uh son is um co-captain of the football team for the junior high next year, and the other co-captain is black. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: And he said uh Mom can I have Nathaniel out to spend the night and she said sure Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: and said but remember Nathaniel is going to return the favor. And do you want to spend the night with Nathaniel? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: And Billy thought about it a while he says well I don't believe I'll have #1 Nathaniel. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 027: {NW} Which I thought handled it very nicely. Interviewer: {NW} Now are they are most are most of the blacks in the area in Alcoa? 027: They are in the area or around Hall road which is the main street going through Alcoa spreading out on each side for about a five block area I would say. Interviewer: Yes ma'am. 027: Then when you get out further out of Alcoa out of that area you get into still company housing but housing that and many of the blacks uh the man who does our yard owns his house Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: completely. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: Free and clear and he says they talked to me about moving up somewhere and no cause I own my house I'm not about to leave it. And um he's so right. But uh then you find uh I have several good friends who live in company houses who have chosen to stay in company houses because they're painted every year they're maintained Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: and they have raised their families there and they are are comfortable there Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: and they prefer to stay there. And then you you move on out and you find other neighborhoods getting further out from the center of town. {NS} Where people have built their own homes and bought from the company and the five executive homes that I had mentioned #1 are all privately # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm yes ma'am. # 027: owned now and sort of break my heart when I drive by because I remember how they were and what fun it was to visit my friends who lived there and they don't look like that anymore. #1 They they # Interviewer: #2 Oh that's. # 027: couldn't conceivably Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: without the aluminum company #1 keeping them up. # Interviewer: #2 I see. # 027: {NW} Interviewer: The uh are there black neighborhoods in Maryville at all? 027: Uh we have one settlement I guess you would call it. We closed the black high school when it had forty students. And integrated it. And the grade school had been integrated years before but they preferred to keep their high school and they had a very fine young man whose um wife had worked for me while she was going to Knoxville college and uh I'd just leave she'd come afternoons and her blue jeans didn't bother me at all. She was a brilliant girl and uh they I went down and I visited them to present a book from the D.A.R. or something and I was quite impressed. But they finally had to uh integrate but at that time we had about forty families Interviewer: {NW} 027: in Maryville and they moved out on the Morgonton Road area I don't know exactly where out there. And this little nucleus is your {D: tusks.} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: Now we have other blacks who live in the public housing. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: In fact uh one girl who worked for me said everybody that I moved to get away from #1 got over there before I did. # Interviewer: #2 {NS} # 027: {NW} So um but we don't really have #1 a black # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 027: neighborhood it would be Alcoa. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: And it has always been Alcoa. Interviewer: In in Alcoa there is a are there separate areas for wealthier blacks and poor ones or is it just kind of merged #1 together? # 027: #2 Now that # I don't know I have no idea. Interviewer: Yes ma'am. 027: Uh well um yeah I do too, Oldfield. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: Is where the wealthier ones live because Interviewer: Yes ma'am. 027: um most of them own their own homes and have built them. And uh they are the uh ministers and the best brick mason in Blount county. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: And his sons who work with him and uh that would be the wealthier section. Interviewer: Yes ma'am. Now uh when we're talking about you mentioned downtown uh is that where are most of the banks and all still down there? 027: We have branch banks spread all over Blount county. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: #1 And # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 027: the. Interviewer: Whereabouts are the main offices? 027: The main offices are still downtown. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: And um the courthouse is downtown. Most of the law offices are downtown. My husband's office he is a lawyer Interviewer: Yes ma'am. 027: is uh a building that he built which is two blocks or a block and a half from the courthouse. And two blocks from First Federal which is our chief savings and loan. Interviewer: Mm-hmm yes ma'am. 027: And uh which he represents. And uh there are well Parks-Belk and Minton's. Parks-Belk of course is a chain but somewhat privately owned. Interviewer: Mm-hmm yes ma'am. 027: And Minton's is totally a Maryville store. Which still has its chief store downtown although they have opened two branches in the shopping centers. Interviewer: Where are the shopping major shopping centers? 027: Oh uh Midtown Center is your chief one here. And it is just down the hill. And across the road in Alcoa. {NW} Interviewer: Yes ma'am. 027: They took down a hill to build it #1 and then this # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 027: chief and first and largest public housing project was built right behind it. And then uh a private company has come in and built one apartment building. Uh which is based on what you can pay for the Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: people over sixty-five. And uh it is totally maintained they have no maintenance they have buses they have bus trips taking them here there and yon. They are one room apartments. Interviewer: Mm. 027: And what it will look like three years from now is #1 your guess. # Interviewer: #2 Pretty small one # one room. 027: Well that's what they can take care of. Interviewer: Oh well that's right no no maintenance. 027: Uh {NW} they don't have to screw in a light bulb or anything like that but they have to keep it clean. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: And of course as they get older Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: it just gets more and more of a chore. There are no elevators and they're like four and five #1 stories high. # Interviewer: #2 Yes ma'am. # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # We're talking about the the shopping centers are there any um shopping areas that that are frequented mostly by blacks or that you would consider kind of ethnic shopping areas or? 027: If so I don't know it. I there's a there's black a couple black beer uh Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: hangouts. And that sort of thing. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: But if there are black shopping centers I don't know. And um there may be some black um beauty parlors. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: That I don't know about but most of #1 'em # Interviewer: #2 {D: Going back to the shopping area though.} # 027: Uh no. Uh-uh. No shopping center. The A and P uh backs right up to Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: One of the better sections of Interviewer: {NW} 027: privately owned homes. Mm-hmm. In in the black section of Alcoa. And uh no our shopping is pretty well integrated. Interviewer: What about uh how about Maryville? Some local landmarks around say if a visitor came in and you were showing the visitor around Maryville and Alcoa what are some some of the things you'd point out? 027: First of all I would take him to Maryville college and show him Anderson Hall because it was built by my great-great grandfather. Interviewer: Mm. 027: {NW} Interviewer: I guess so. 027: He was a contractor and he worked his men on New Years Day and a wall fell and he went broke. #1 But he got it # Interviewer: #2 Mm. # 027: he {NW} but that's the oldest building on campus and uh for that reason the second thing I would show them was the courthouse because my grandfather was chairman of the building #1 Committee. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 027: {NW} And county judge at the time it was built. Interviewer: #1 Well that's an interesting landmark. # 027: #2 {NW} # {NW} My third one would be uh Montvale which is now a Y-M-C-A camp which was one of the Antebellum and on into the thirties Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: uh mountain #1 hotels with colleges and so forth. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # Mm-hmm. 027: And it also belonged to my family. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 027: Uh those to me would be the chief uh landmarks probably because of family and then I would just take them to the mountains. #1 Not # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 027: specifically to the national park but to the mountains. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: To see the beautiful areas that are all around us. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: Within five miles you can just be in the heart of the wilderness. Interviewer: Really nice view. Up. 027: Uh you aren't seeing it today we have we see three ranges. Interviewer: Oh really? 027: On a clear day but these are the Smokey Mountains. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. 027: And so you're seeing only the Chilhowees. Interviewer: Mm. Mm-hmm. 027: And uh on a clear day we see three ranges. Interviewer: Must be nice. 027: Its lovely. That's why we moved out #1 here. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # I guess so. Now if you were gonna uh say catch a plane out of here where would you you go to catch the plane? 027: McGhee Tyson. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: Which is Knoxville's airport which is in Blount county which is seven minutes from my house. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Much closer to you than it is to me. 027: Right. {NW} Interviewer: Uh yeah we say of a smaller one like the you know the Island Home Island? 027: I don't even know where that is. Interviewer: Would you still call that an airport? A little small one like #1 that? # 027: #2 Yeah. # Sure and there's also uh the Sky Ranch. Uh which went broke a couple of times it may not be in operation it was um sort of close to the uh Navy base out there. Interviewer: Mm. And was that 027: The Navy reserve. Interviewer: a private? 027: Uh-huh. Interviewer: Club or? Just an air #1 strip? # 027: #2 It was a little # air strip that was privately owned but publicly used for people with small planes Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm. # 027: #2 and they # also gave flying lessons. Interviewer: Now next group of questions are about kinds of roads and names for things like that uh uh the kind of highway like I-forty or I-seventy-five what would you call that kind of you'd say you you get on the? 027: Interstate. Interviewer: And uh now the areas on the interstate where you might pull over to uh you know just to stop for a few minutes. You? 027: The rest areas. Interviewer: What if about an area oh when you came off that you would where you would stop get uh let's see oh you'd stop and have uh get gasoline and food would you still call that a rest area? 027: No no uh that's usually at an interchange. Interviewer: Yes ma'am. And uh the thing you would go down to get off of it? 027: The ramp. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Called the same thing coming up? 027: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: That's a ramp too. And uh the. 027: There's also a vegetable called a ramp. Interviewer: Yeah and they hold a festival on the Ramp Festival. 027: Right. Interviewer: I've never eaten any or seen any. 027: You don't want to #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 No? # 027: {NW} Interviewer: What what is it like? 027: I've never eaten any its like an onion that lasts a week. {NW} After you've eaten it. {NW} Interviewer: How I don't think I want any. I'm not crazy about onions. 027: {NW} Interviewer: The uh the things painted down the road to help you know guide you what would you call the little yellow and white things? Painted down the middle of the #1 {X} # 027: #2 Um. # Hmm. I usually just call 'em center stripes and they aren't center stripes anymore. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: But when I was gr- Interviewer: Center stripes? 027: When I was growing up there weren't any but uh later on by the time I learned to drive they were center stripes and I don't know what they are now. Interviewer: Um now that when you know on like on an interstate we have a big grassy thing in the middle what would you call that? 027: Oh that is um a median. Interviewer: Now you you've seen 'em like if you're going to Chattanooga they have just concrete and steel down the middle instead of uh. 027: Uh yeah I would still call that a median because I don't know what else to call it. Interviewer: Me too. 027: {NW} Interviewer: {NW} They're and you know they're limited ac- you know what it on the interstate its limited access you can only get on and off at certain points. #1 And do you know the # 027: #2 Right. # Interviewer: #1 # 027: #2 # Interviewer: roads like that in this area? That are limited access? Any other kinds of? 027: Uh yes we also have roads which run parallel to the interstate so that you don't have to get on it at all if you're just going Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: a short distance and we have one very interesting little um place where you have egress from the interstate but you do not have access. Interviewer: Hmm. 027: #1 And you have to # Interviewer: #2 What? # 027: drive to the next town to get on it again. Interviewer: That's it {D: expect} w-what road is that? {D: Like that?} 027: It's at White Pine no. I beg your pardon. It's at Dandridge. Interviewer: Now is Dandridge east of Knoxville? 027: I'm not too good on north, south, #1 east, and west # Interviewer: #2 Is is it # 027: but its northeast. Interviewer: Its not in Blount county is it? 027: No. No its in um Jefferson county. Interviewer: Jefferson county. What about uh the uh mm say some of the main the the major roads in in Maryville Alcoa area? 027: Um Main Street, Broadway whatever you wish to call it. Uh and then the old the old uh Knoxville highway. Interviewer: Mm. 027: And the new Knoxville highway which is the #1 Alcoa # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 027: road. Interviewer: Okay. 027: And uh yes four eleven. Which we call the new Niles Ferry. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: And you came across it to the old #1 Niles Ferry # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 027: to come out here. Then the Montvale road which leads you to the uh Chilhowees. Interviewer: Yes ma'am. 027: And closer mountains and uh if its open you really should take that uh scenic road, its closed half the time because there's a very strange form of sandstone which was discovered in the eighteen-hundreds by Professor Hesse and therefore its called Hesse's sandstone. And they built the road on it and if uh every three years the road crumbles away. Interviewer: Which road is this? The? 027: Uh I can show it to you I can't think of the name of it. But it #1 is the. # Interviewer: #2 Where? # Where does it go when it? 027: It um you go to Miller's cove you go up the uh {NW} the road to the mountains Interviewer: {NW} 027: Uh by the hospital Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: Tuckaleechee Pike. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: And uh go on up and you see a sign that says Miller's Cove and West Miller's Cove and whatever the scenic road is called and then it will either be closed or not. And if its closed it means this is the year its #1 crumbled away. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 027: I haven't had much chance to get out this year so I don't know but that is some of the most beautiful scenery that you can see #1 around here. # Interviewer: #2 Well I'm gonna have to to # I've never been there I'm gonna have to 027: #1 It is perfectly gorgeous # Interviewer: #2 go in the morning. # 027: and it takes you to Look Rock. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: It is supposed to connect up with the Foothills Parkway. That's what its called. And its supposed to connect up and go on Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: and connect with the Appalachian Trail. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: Eventually. And um it takes you to Look Rock which used to be the highest point where the Indians came across. The original road across here into Blount county from the mountains was built by the Indians and they were paid in calico. Interviewer: Hmm. 027: And my mother who died in nineteen and seventy at the age of ninety-one remembered the Indians walking across and coming to Maryville to shop. Interviewer: Hmm. 027: For #1 staples # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # Mm-hmm. 027: And they would come to Grandmother's house because they were cold and they wanted to warm Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: and they would say cold as snow and rub themselves and Grandmother would give them food. And they would give her baskets in thanks for the food. Interviewer: Hmm. 027: And my mother still had some of those baskets. Interviewer: #1 Oh? # 027: #2 They got away # from us but uh I think its very interesting #1 to find someone # Interviewer: #2 It is, yeah. # 027: who re- so recently #1 remembered # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 027: the fact #1 that the Indians # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 027: actually did walk across the mountains. Interviewer: And this is #1 down in? # 027: #2 This is from Cherokee they came. # Interviewer: And Foothills Parkway that's what. 027: That way. Interviewer: Okay I didn't know whether it was just. 027: Mm-hmm. And uh Look Rock was the uh point where they started the road. Interviewer: Mm. 027: And came down and across. Interviewer: In in from Cherokee over into Blount county? 027: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Hmm. I I had never come across I was unaware of that. 027: Bit of local history. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What about streets in this neighborhood? What are the major streets in the in the neighborhood here? 027: We are one series of circles. There's Southwood Eastwood Northwood and Westwood. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: And you just circle until you find your way in and out. Interviewer: That's the? 027: And then that is. Interviewer: The whole neighborhood? 027: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Now is there a place that you have oh you like there's the highway runs under where a train goes over? 027: Oh an underpass. Interviewer: What about if the situation's the other way around you #1 the train's. # 027: #2 An overpass. # Interviewer: Overpass underpass mm. And uh they kind of parking you do so you won't. {X} 027: I can't do it. {NW} Interviewer: Backing out? 027: {NW} Parallel parking you mean. #1 Uh-uh. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 027: {NW} Its too hard I can do it but it sure is hard work. Interviewer: Yes ma'am. 027: I was never taught. Interviewer: Mm. I was one of the few people I know who didn't have to do that on a driving test. 027: I didn't either. Interviewer: I didn't have to yeah. #1 {X} # 027: #2 The man was afraid # to he wanted me out of the car. {NW} Interviewer: I guess maybe you were both lucky then he thought. 027: {NW} No I I guess I did too because uh {NS} Bill had forgotten his wallet that day for the third time and they just come once a month and {NW} They were getting tired of sending me so he got a friend to take me and so I didn't have an accompanying driver to Interviewer: Yes ma'am. 027: pick up my car Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: and so I did have to parallel park across from the courthouse where the curb curves. Interviewer: Oh. 027: And uh but the {D: the termman} had already gotten out at the corner and said now you're on your own lady until you get in the courthouse so please be careful. {NW} Interviewer: That one I can see. He. {NW} #1 Would would you # 027: #2 But # Interviewer: still call it parallel parking if you just say drove in beside the curb there were no other cars there would you just? 027: I have a friend who does that she only parallel parks if there are three #1 spaces. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # She can drive in? 027: Uh-huh. Interviewer: What do you usually call the other kind of parking any? 027: Uh. Interviewer: Can we just? 027: I think that's called diagonal I'm not certain. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: And then in parking lots like shopping centers where they're just lined up in a row I've never heard that called anything I don't know. Interviewer: Straight-in parking's what I've always is. 027: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: As opposed to to diagonal. 027: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: The uh place like Miller's in in Knoxville downtown does where you might park you might go in the uh? 027: In the garage. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And uh old the the thing that the firemen use it to hook up their hoses to you'd call that the? 027: Uh yes I think that would be called a hydrant. Interviewer: Yes ma'am. And uh. 027: There's one out in the corner of the yard. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # Well I guess you. 027: But I never had thought about what it's called before. Interviewer: Yes ma'am. {NW} The uh in town we have a little small street like thing that runs behind buildings or between buildings you'd call that the? 027: Alley. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And uh now. 027: We have those too. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Oh here in? 027: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: What are some of the taller buildings in in Maryville? 027: We have one well we have two tall buildings. Uh the Blount National Bank is five stories high. And now uh I believe Blount Memorial Hospital has perhaps added a sixth story I'm not certain one of the wings may have six. If it does they still call it four but they're two floors where the elevator doesn't stop. Interviewer: Mm. 027: One is surgery and one is storage. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. The uh any what what would your name be for just a tall building any generic name? Say very tall ones. 027: Oh skyscrapers. Interviewer: And not any skyscrapers in town though. 027: Nearest ones I know are in Atlanta. Interviewer: Oh. That's true there are not any in Knoxville either. Uh. 027: One out of um {NS} Hamilton Bank which isn't the Hamilton Bank anymore. Its Jake Butcher's Bank. Interviewer: Mm. 027: East Tennessee National I guess its called Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: is or was twenty-two stories. And that was the tallest. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: In Knoxville. We have a problem in Knox- well in this whole area. We're an area of limestone caves. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: And if you get too much weight Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: Uh collapse. I've uh had a car that was parked right behind me that had sunken to door level. Interviewer: Really? 027: Uh-huh when I came back to park why this {NW} I couldn't get out because he'd parked very close to me and the the street was the street was cracking #1 because the uh # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # 027: he had parked a small pickup there. Interviewer: Well you know McClung Tower at at at UT is supposed to be sinking. 027: Oh I hadn't heard that. Interviewer: I heard that very slow rate but 027: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: one especially one side more than the other #1 is is # 027: #2 Oh. # Interviewer: is sinking slightly and they're going to have to do something about that. Uh its about I guess its twelve twelve floors or something. 027: Yeah. And then it has that parking garage under #1 it. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm that's right. # 027: There's something I want you to find out for me. Interviewer: Okay. 027: I'm I'm terribly concerned because the Volunteers' torch is no longer lit. Is that a symbolic measure for conservation that they blew it out? Interviewer: Well you know I hadn't I hadn't actually noticed but I I don't see how it would be some kind of con- conservation team because they still have the fountain in McClung tower going don't they? 027: Right. Right across the street. But the Volunteers' torch hasn't been lit for at least a year now and that to me is #1 just. # Interviewer: #2 I've not # I've not #1 I don't know why. # 027: #2 outrageous. # Interviewer: I'll find out why because they do the the fountain at McClung #1 is going most of the time and then # 027: #2 You're right. # Interviewer: with the colored water at night. 027: Yeah. Interviewer: And that would require as much energy. 027: Much more than that little bitty gas switch would be like a Interviewer: {NW} 027: pilot light. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. I I I just don't know I oh maybe I don't know what its mechanical? But surely in a year they would have fixed a mechanical. 027: Yeah. That bothers me. The Volunteers' torch should be held on there. Interviewer: I'll ask I'll ask uh around uh. And see. Somebody will know surely. 027: Someone's {D: Mr. Namara} was gonna say but he's no longer with us. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Uh {NW} Oh say an apartment building that's ten or twelve floors what kind of apartment would you building would you call that? Any name for that? 027: I suppose you're supposed to call it a high rise but I wouldn't. {NW} Interviewer: Uh I I'll guess there not really any in the area anyways. 027: No but we're going in more to townhouses and that sort of thing. Interviewer: Are there many of apartment complexes in Maryville? 027: Ju- well yes there are. I'm just not aware of them because there are I was taken out uh and shown two or three that someone was trying to get me to invest some money in and they were so poorly built that I wouldn't Interviewer: Mm. 027: conceivably have been interested. My father was a builder. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Oh. # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 027: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {D: I do.} # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 027: Uh. Interviewer: I guess women learn what their their fathers do my wife's father's a heating and air conditioning contractor and when anybody around has something go wrong with the air conditioning you call Angela and she can uh she knows what's wrong with it and she can tell you what to do. 027: That's fantastic. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 027: I just know what my daddy did but I do know that what what a good building's supposed to look like. And uh you know that sort of thing. But yes there are quite a few apartments. Interviewer: What about the kind that that people where they buy the actual apartment? 027: Oh we have none of those condominiums. None in Maryville that I'm aware of. Interviewer: Uh. Now we're talking about buildings and so forth a place where a building has been torn down and say nothing else has been built what would you call that? Just a? 027: Vacant lot? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And uh now you know in a public place like Miller's if you wanted some water you'd go to the? 027: Fountain. Interviewer: Would you still call it a fountain say if it were in a park or something like that? 027: If it was for drinking uh and had little spouts for that purpose. Interviewer: Talking about parks are there park and you mentioned the the park in Alcoa are there parks in the area can you tell me something about? 027: Yeah. This park behind the courthouse was the first public park we had and and we used to have little league down there then we have two amusement family amusement parks one of 'em this end of town and one on the other end which uh won architectural awards. Interviewer: Mm. #1 What are the the names of the parks? # 027: #2 a few years ago # for um uh the little mazes #1 for the kids to climb and # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 027: forts in 'em and they have sand piles and most of the little leagues are played games are played there now and they have tennis courts and um they're just really very very nice and they have walking or bicycle paths while my husband was recuperating. Um I don't walk outside without crutches and so I would follow him in the car and he'd take him down to Sandy Springs Park which is not far here and even level. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: And um he could walk for a mile along the edge of the creek. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: And uh not have to get off and out of the way of more than four or five bicycles if he chose his time of day that was when school was #1 in session. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm mm-hmm # What are the names of those parks? 027: Uh that is Sandy Springs and the other is Everett Hill I believe. And uh then we have a new consolidated county high school which is Heritage High. Which takes um in about five high schools and has a football stadium you wouldn't believe. Interviewer: Oh really? 027: They built it before they built the school. Interviewer: Well. 027: You know we're sort of football-minded around here. {NW} Interviewer: I thought that there were there three high schools in the Everett and Maryville and Heritage is that? 027: Uh Everett will no longer exist as a high school it will be a secondary school. Now they're building a third one. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: To be ready in seventy-nine. We have about fifteen small high schools in the county. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: Because Blount county is a large county. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: Which is spread out some of those children have to leave home at five in the morning because they have to walk Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: to a road Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: before a bus can pick 'em #1 up. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # Mm-hmm. The uh people in this area would they go to Maryville high school or? 027: Yes we have now been taken into the city against our protest. Interviewer: Mm. 027: And uh in honor of this we got eighty-nine street lights in this subdivision which we didn't want. And we get weekly garbage service which is I have no complaint about the garbage service except that before we were in the city we had service twice a week and the men wore white gloves and cleaned out the cans and the closet Interviewer: {NW} 027: and uh we paid two-fifty a month for this. {NW} Interviewer: #1 That's unbelievable. # 027: #2 {NW} # Now they come once a week and now as I say I have no complaints some of the neighbors do have {NS} complaints about the men leaving litter but they don't here. Interviewer: The uh the high schools here are they what grades do they? 027: Oh now you've got me. Interviewer: Are they? 027: The high schools now #1 are are ten eleven twelve. # Interviewer: #2 {D: Ten through twelve?} # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # And then do they have a? 027: A junior high a mid a mid school seven eight and nine. Interviewer: And then elementary one through 027: And uh well then you have a required year of kindergarten and I don't know what that's called. Interviewer: Mm. 027: And the Alcoa has a new elementary school which is supposed to be one of the finest in the south but and its very interesting and its right back to the little red schoolhouse no partitions and you go now to the blue carpet or the red carpet or Interviewer: Hmm. 027: whatever and you can't hear yourself except that they have little booths where they can plug themselves into television and do what they want to. Interviewer: I don't think I've ever seen a school like that before. 027: Its uh just across the duck pond out in Alcoa out Springbrook road. And uh Interviewer: {NW} 027: I'm sh- uh sure that the teachers are there moving and so forth and would be interested in showing you through #1 because # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 027: they're very proud #1 of it. # Interviewer: #2 Mm yeah. # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # Never even known that that kind of school existed but then 027: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: its been a long time since I've been in an elementary school. 027: Mm-hmm. Its very very interesting I don't approve of it Interviewer: {NW} 027: Uh we also have team teaching Interviewer: Mm-hmm mm-hmm. 027: in the high schools. Interviewer: I don't know much about high school. 027: #1 Well team teaching is a # Interviewer: #2 Its very foreign. # 027: totally new concept and I know about it cause I have a good friend who {NW} has been doing it for several years. Interviewer: It seem to work fairly well or? 027: Yeah. They're very pleased with it. Interviewer: We uh talked about roads and so forth a little while ago. What I wanna ask you about now are different kinds of cars not brand names not Ford or Chevrolet but different types or or styles for example uh oh small cars maybe with two bucket seats and uh uh maybe in the thirties and forties sometimes had outside seats. #1 That what did you call that kind of car? # 027: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #1 # 027: #2 # That was a see if I can remember the term I was taught. It was a cabriolet something I have forgotten. But anyway we called it a coupe. Interviewer: Coupe? 027: {NW} Interviewer: Would they have the rumble seats on them? 027: Yeah. Interviewer: #1 And # 027: #2 Oh yes # indeed and two little steps to get up. Interviewer: {NW} Yes ma'am. A car which that has uh four doors what kind would you call that? 027: A sedan. Interviewer: What about if it has just two doors and you have to bend over and get in the backseat like that? 027: I don't know that's what I drive. But um Interviewer: Would you call that a sedan too or? 027: Uh no I call it a two door car. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: Mainly I call it a Thunderbird #1 cause that's what # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 027: #1 it is. # Interviewer: #2 Yes. # Yes ma'am. What about these big ones that maybe the airport might send out that you see? 027: A limousine. Interviewer: Would you ever uh the term limousine for anything besides the kind of thing the airport would send out? 027: Oh yes. I had a uh Lincoln Continental and uh until I drove it into a tree Interviewer: {NW} 027: and it was definitely a limousine. Interviewer: So that's a big luxury car too. 027: It was. It was a four-door I wanted it two door but I got a four-door because uh but it was upholstered in leather as opposed to uh plastic #1 and uh # Interviewer: #2 Oh wow. # 027: in in my estimation it is the best car made in America. After that I would put a Rolls-Royce which I wouldn't have because of the maintenance #1 problem. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # Mm-hmm. 027: And uh my neighbor had a Rolls-Royce and I had all the fun of riding in it and getting all the pleasure from it and none of the Interviewer: {NW} 027: #1 heartache of # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: waiting six months for a part to #1 come from England. # Interviewer: #2 I guess so. # I guess so. Now the uh any name or kind of slang term for a large or say a very pretentious car one that you thought was kind of pretentious any term you might apply to that? 027: Oh what did I hear? Uh. Just last weekend I think my husband's partner was talking about a joy wagon. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Joy wagon? # 027: {NW} Interviewer: Yes ma'am. 027: That was one his chil- a term his children had used. Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm. # 027: #2 I # don't know if that's. Interviewer: Yes ma'am. And the kind that you can let the seats down in the back and give you extra cargo space oh um? And to tailgate you. 027: A station wagon I finally got rid of my husband's. Interviewer: {NW} 027: He got rid of it. Interviewer: He didn't like that very much? 027: I hate 'em. I was like they're just a truck with seats in it and they're not comfortable. Interviewer: I've never owned one or don't know that I've ever ridden in a station wagon. 027: You are fortunate. I assured my husband that he had just joined the young mothers he loved it. He adored it. Because he likes to fish. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: #1 And I got him an # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: electric wr- winch Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: and so he could back the car down and get in the boat and winch it up and then just walk in the back window. Interviewer: {NW} 027: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 027: #1 You can see why he liked it. # Interviewer: #2 That makes sense. Mm-hmm. # Mm-hmm. Yes ma'am. 027: But it was not comfortable t- and strangely enough I couldn't see out of it. Interviewer: Hmm. 027: Because I'm used to looking out certain little spaces and the fact that the whole thing was open #1 never # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 027: appeared to occurred to me. Interviewer: {NW} 027: And I was always fussing about I couldn't see out of the thing when I had to drive it. Interviewer: {NW} 027: {NW} Interviewer: Yes ma'am. What about you mentioned trucks what kind of small trucks would would in the maybe an individual owns? 027: Pickups. Interviewer: What about the kind with a closed bed that maybe a florist might use for delivery? What would your term be for that? 027: For that I would call it a delivery truck for the type that Thomas the yard man {D: got} uses which many many people around here own because they do a lot of fishing and camping over the weekends. Uh you call it a pickup with a a camper top on it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. Those delivery types of trucks are most of those are they open the kind that open from the side or from the back? Or would it would it make #1 {X} # 027: #2 Either way. # Interviewer: #1 # 027: #2 # Interviewer: And uh now what about there is there public transportation in Maryville like in Knoxville are there? 027: No. None. Well taxis. Interviewer: But no uh? Uh. 027: No buses. Interviewer: And uh {NS} questions about the part of a car that part of the car where the instruments and all are the speedometer and so forth what would you call that? 027: The instrument panel. Interviewer: And if the uh uh part where you might keep some maps or something it'd be in the? 027: Well in that car I have a glove compartment and I have a console. Interviewer: The console down in the? 027: Between the two front seats. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: And it also has the garbage can in it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: {NW} Interviewer: Yes ma'am. And uh where the where you would keep your tire would be back in your? 027: Trunk. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And uh the thing you would mash to get it to go would be the? 027: That's the accelerator. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And uh then the the thing that you would shift to put it in reverse would be uh? 027: {NW} I've never driven one of those but its a gear shift. {NW} Interviewer: What do you call it if its an automatic would you still call it a gear shift? 027: I suppose so. Yeah #1 cause you shift from. # Interviewer: #2 Same thing as if it's down in the # floor? 027: Uh-huh. Interviewer: And uh uh the things that say in apartment complexes or in the shopping centers the little humps there that you have to slow down for? 027: Traffic breaks. Interviewer: They will mess up your alignment won't they? 027: {NW} Interviewer: {NW} 027: I do not like them. But they are necessary. Interviewer: I guess so. You hit those things going very fast and you'll you'll mess up your alignment and your. 027: I had just had my car aligned Interviewer: {NW} 027: and they had put one in down here at the Seven Eleven store and I didn't know it. Interviewer: Mm. 027: And it was about the size of a telephone pole. {NS} #1 How lovely. # Interviewer: #2 That's enough to do some damage. # 027: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 027: Uh-huh. It had to go right back and be aligned again. Interviewer: Say uh if you if you had some maps or something what might you put around them to hold 'em together you might? 027: A rubber band. Interviewer: Any other terms you might use for that? just always rubber band? 027: Mm-hmm. Unless you tied 'em with a string. Interviewer: And what about a a something you might clip papers together with? 027: A jam clip. Interviewer: Any other terms you might use there? 027: A paper clip {NS} Interviewer: Now uh what what kind of vehicles would the say the fire department in Maryville use? What kinds of? 027: We have a nineteen and twenty-eight LaFrance. And we have a nineteen and seventy-six LaFrance. Interviewer: Are these what kind of are these trucks or? 027: Uh they are fire engines. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: And then we have another one. We are well-equipped and then we have a county fire department also. Interviewer: These the trucks are there what k- are they the the kinds with the ladders or the? 027: They have extension ladders. And they are bright red and they will let little boys sit on them. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 027: #2 {NW} # And sometimes they have a dalmatian he doesn't live long but uh they try to keep one around. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. The uh the truck that the kind of fire truck that oh just uh pumps water what what kinda do you have a name for that kind of fire truck? 027: I suppose its a pumper I didn't know there was such a thing. Interviewer: I think so I don't know much #1 about it myself. # 027: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 027: #2 # Interviewer: What about the kind that that would have a a lot of the ladders and everything extension the long extension ladders any name special name for that kind of truck? 027: Just the aerial ladders. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: A ladder truck I suppose. Interviewer: Ever seen the kind of I've well they probably just {NW} you've probably just seen this on TV I guess or maybe in a large city where its got kind of a crane like and firemen can get up there and? 027: Oh sure a cherrypicker. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And uh well I I oh I guess I'd only seen those on TV. 027: The electric system uses little ones. To change light bulbs. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. And the the kind of truck say that paramedics might use can you name for me? 027: {NW} Oh yes. Ambulances. Interviewer: Mm. Then the am- those very ambulances are they van-like for you 027: Yeah. And they are equipped with everything they took my husband to the hospital in one last October. And he was just about gone and they gave him oxygen. They had him in the hospital in ten minutes. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: #1 They had # Interviewer: #2 What? # 027: fantastic service. And this was the #1 rescue squad. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. I guess most most towns have started to get those I remember well only in the last eight or ten years. 027: Yeah right. Interviewer: {D: These people.} {D: That looks kind of plain.} The uh car that the chief would drive any special name for? {NS} 027: I suppose its a chief's car I don't know. Interviewer: And what about vehicles that maybe the police department would use kinds different kinds of vehicles? 027: Oh. Interviewer: Say. 027: Now there you've got me there would be number one which would be the chief's car and then there would be patrol cars Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 027: and um {NW} then there's are all the cute little unmarked ones with the radar on them. {NW} And uh then we have one motorcycle policeman in Maryville. Interviewer: Mm. #1 What # 027: #2 And # he gets hot these days. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Well I guess so. # Have you ever seen the kind of truck maybe there were a whole group of people misbehaving doing something wrong and the kind of thing they'd take a whole group down? 027: Oh yes that's the Black Maria. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. When I was a kid there was a I was a patrol boy and uh the the big event of the year was we got to ride down to the police station in one #1 of those and it was a big event. # 027: #2 {NW} # {NW} Interviewer: We were very pleased about that. {NW} In Knoxville what what kind of aircraft might the police department use to patrol traffic? {D: And lightning?} 027: Oh a helicopter. Interviewer: Yep. 027: {NS} Her she's a medical technologist and she says now she has the works for her airplane and uh she has even gotten her instrument license. Interviewer: Oh really? {X} 027: {NW} Well she flew in the powderpuff derby this year. Interviewer: mm-hmm I guess {X} didn't do anything like that but one day I will. {D: I could uh} 027: I um about four years ago was out in Arizona in a charter Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: plane and had him fly up over the grand canyon. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And we had a fantastic time. Interviewer: I guess so that would've been {D: nice} we you know we {C: cut off} 027: that was the only time I've ever been in a little plane. Interviewer: Well we we flew over the grand canyon we were about thirty thousand feet 027: Yeah now that I had done many times and I {C: tape distorted} because Bill's relatives live in the west and so it's the easiest way to get there. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: By far we drove once But um I knew I would never get there on foot or on mule back so I just charted a plane and just pa- 027: #1 And just pa- a- {X} # Interviewer: #2 {D: What about the uh} # 027: It was a real thrill. Interviewer: We were talking about policemen. 027: Yes. Interviewer: Firemen and so forth any any other names that you hear for for them or? {D: Take} someone who works at the fire station is probably just a? 027: I would call him a policeman I have heard other terms used but mainly on television. I do hear um my friends in alcoholics anonymous call the patrol car the peanut wagon. Interviewer: mm 027: And I don't know why it has to do with the blue lights on top. That's the only other term I have heard anyone use. {C: background noise} Interviewer: Firefighters you call them? 027: Firemen. Interviewer: And no {C: the tape cuts out} and no other? 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: Any for policemen any pejorative kind of terms? {C: repetitive in reel} and no other? 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: Any for policemen or any pejorative kind of terms or? {NW} anything like that say uh derogatory terms? 027: #1 As I say on television and # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm {X} # 027: but not personally Interviewer: And what about the place where they keep the firetruck and all the? 027: #1 Oh the fire hall. # Interviewer: #2 {D: hoses} # 027: It's in the city hall in fact. Interviewer: mm It's placed placed down there too? 027: Yes. Interviewer: mm-hmm What about the place where they lock you up {D: if you} for misbehaving or something. 027: Well that place it's the county jail {C: laughing} Interviewer: Yeah um the uh uh 027: It's pretty horrible Interviewer: I guess so. The uh they probably can't put they might lock up a drunk or something. 027: {C: tape repeats} Interviewer: {C: tape repeats} 027: {C: tape repeats} Interviewer: {C: tape repeats} 027: it's a drunk tank. Interviewer: And uh Wha- what kind of weapons uh things for protection might a policeman carry? 027: Um I'm not certain they used to be req- uh required to carry a billy stick and not a gun. I think now they are also required or permitted a gun. {X} a handgun. Interviewer: mm-hmm uh I remember my grandfather was the only policeman in the whole town for years. He carried a old black jack and I'm sure it's probably illegal now but {X} #1 pocket like that # 027: #2 Oh. # Interviewer: I'm sure that's illegal now. I don't think he ever used it but he did carry it. 027: Well that would've been good deterrent. Interviewer: I kinda think so um now A a couple questions about kinds of storms uh. Can you just name a few high high wind storms high wind storms for example you would in Florida you might say? 027: Oh a hurricane. Interviewer: Or out in Kansas you might get hit by a? 027: A dust storm. Interviewer: mm-hmm A one with the big funnel would be a? 027: A tornado and we've had one here. Interviewer: Oh really? I didn't realize they were this quite as far. 027: Oh they don't often come and my husband he was raised in Mississippi looked up and said that looks like a tornado cloud and we were in the car and before we had gone five minutes it had funneled down here. Interviewer: Y- yes that's how we how I grew up just outside of Montgomery Alabama was hit by a a tornado and it leveled the whole section just a tremendous amount of damage and uh and uh so I've always been frightened of 'em. 027: #1 mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 those things # What about the kind of storm you might have where you get freezing rain and or rain and then right after it rains it just freezes? 027: Hail Interviewer: mm-hmm And uh what about if it's maybe after after it's quit raining and suddenly the temperature dropping just freezes then Uh makes a lot of ice and things. 027: Hoar frost. Interviewer: mm And uh I never really never seen much snow or ice until I came here I think I'd seen snow twice before I came to Knoxville and saw enough last winter to last me a while. 027: {NW} {NW} Yes. Interviewer: The uh 027: That's the most we've had now we can go for winters and not have any. #1 We can go # Interviewer: #2 It snowed # 027: for winters and not wear our coat. Interviewer: In Alabama it snowed in Montgomery outside Montgomery in nineteen sixty two and then again or well it was nineteen sixty-two and then again in nineteen sixty-four. And that was it up here. 027: {C: laughs} Interviewer: Can't remember the 027: It's not Interviewer: everything 027: as much fun as you think Interviewer: That's true true. Uh next question's about kinds of crime and so forth. A woman who sells herself for for money you call her a? 027: Prostitute. Interviewer: And uh any other names that you might normally use? 027: No not normally. I've heard a few but I can't think of 'em just off hand. Interviewer: #1 What about # 027: #2 {D: oh whore} # Interviewer: What about the building where a group of 'em might work the prostitutes any name for that? 027: A house um a house of ill repute which is going back to victorian times. Interviewer: I guess it really would be in an area where it's leg- illegal obviously to be any {X} I guess {X}. 027: Oh oh there's some but uh They're usually mrs so and so's house. Interviewer: And then the the uh the the manager of a of a group of prostitutes any name for? 027: The madame. Interviewer: And what if what if it's a man rather than a woman who's the manager? 027: I am not certain. I am not certain if a pimp manages one or a group. Interviewer: That's what I heard in Tampa I think. 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: I I think either way as far as I know. Uh and uh say someone who you might find downtown drinking cheap {X} didn't doesn't have a job or anything maybe on Gay street offer cheap wines and so forth what would you call him? 027: Several things but wino is {NW} most acceptable. Interviewer: mm-hmm That was tha- th- that the same thing as a drunk would you? 027: No. A drunk I think of is someone who has a home. Interviewer: {X} 027: And a wino I think of is someone who sleeps under the gay street bridge. Interviewer: Yeah. 027: And they do. Interviewer: mm-hmm mm-hmm I've driven down there a few times at night. The first night I was in Knoxville I thought I'd go downtown. 027: {NW} Interviewer: That was where I went uh Now say someone who I mean he's a wino but he doesn't have a job wanders around from place to place any name for him? Or maybe one that catches trains you know {D: lawless}? 027: Oh a hobo. Interviewer: What about if he's not necessarily somebody who'd catch trains and just doesn't have a job? No {X}. 027: A drifter um a bum I really don't know. Interviewer: Any name for the kinds of hotels that would cater to say bums and drifters? That kind of thing. 027: Um No there are cheap hotels by the railroad track usually except there's seldom a railroad track anymore. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: I am sure there is a name and I should've picked it up on television but. Interviewer: Cheap hotels and all that {D: Alright I heard of flop house you heard of flop house}? 027: Oh yeah. Twenty-five cents. Interviewer: And that would be th- like a cheap same thing maybe? 027: Except a little worse I think. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: I think of a cheap hotel as as having a room to yourself it may not have anything in it. Interviewer: Uh-huh 027: A little bed. but a flop house I think of as a place with mattresses or straw ticking or something. Interviewer: And uh now uh {NW} What are the the kinds of illegal drugs that people using now? A few kinds of those that you've probably heard of or? 027: Oh sure uh I'm not up on the current names. of course there's marijuana or pot Interviewer: Okay 027: which is I don't know if it's a drug or not. And cocaine and then I think of and this is strictly from ring crystal angel dust and Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: uh fruit salad that's a few years back when the kids got. Interviewer: Oh fruit salad I don't think I've ever. 027: They got everything in mama's medicine cabinet Interviewer: {NW} 027: mixed it all up and took a little bit of everything took a handful. {X}? Interviewer: I guess it did. And someone who's a got a has a habit a drug habit you'd call him a? 027: Addict. Interviewer: mm And what about someone who's uh selling the drugs illegally or? 027: He's a drug seller. Interviewer: And um is this usually somebody who um doesn't use but just? 027: Now he's too smart to use. Interviewer: I guess so. An- and what about say uh money do you have any slang expressions or other terms you might use for money? 027: No you're looking for bread but #1 it's not a term I would use. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # And uh what about the place you might take and sell rings you wanted to just? 027: The pawn shop. Interviewer: And uh now the uh the kinds of wines that a wino might drink any generic name for that kind of thing? No- not brand names. 027: Just cheap cheap cheapest you can get. Interviewer: mm-hmm What about better kinds that you might have for dinner or something what kind of different kinds of brand names for? 027: I prefer white I will say. I like the dry ones. Interviewer: {X} 027: And uh there are an- and the lighter ones uh. I like to cook with the heavier ones and the red ones. Interviewer: And uh what's the you'd say the worst section in town? Think about somebody in gay street something in Knoxville th- where you might have a lot of um old bums and so forth. What would you call that any? 027: We avoid it. {C: says while laughing} {NW} Interviewer: Is there? 027: uh I don't know I was going to say slum but that doesn't really suit the area because that's where people live also. Interviewer: Ever used skid row now? 027: Oh. I've used the term for years but it refers to a certain street in Maryville that's slick when it rains {C: laughing}. Interviewer: #1 Oh # 027: #2 {NW} # Well I used it in that sense teasing the people that live there. Interviewer: mm 027: You're right. Interviewer: So you would {D: use that}? 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: And uh now say a a movie house that shows just X rated films and so forth any name for that kind of movie house? 027: Porno house. Interviewer: Porno house mm-hmm. And uh and you were throwing out garbage the man who comes and picks up your trash any name for what would you call him? He's a? 027: He's the garbage man {NW}. Interviewer: And the one that delivers your mail? 027: Um I'm going to quote the young lad who's the receptionist where I get my hair done because I think it's fantastic. It's the mail person. Interviewer: Ah the mail person. 027: And he just cracks up every time he says good morning mr mail person. And how are you this morning? {NW} Interviewer: I guess so. {D: There's that way}. 027: Normally he would be the mailman. Interviewer: What about the person who is able to gain lots of favors and all at the city hall or he has a he's able to get things done you'd say he has a lot of? 027: pull Interviewer: And uh ever heard of a situation where where someone is maybe on the state or city or county federal but really doesn't have any any responsibilities or job? 027: oh yes Interviewer: What would you call him any special name or? 027: Uh no my husband could give you several but I can't. Interviewer: That's fine. Now the uh places where you might find groceries the the kinds of different kinds of stores a big one like A and P or Krogers you call that a? 027: A supermarket. Interviewer: What about small ones in the neighborhoods that maybe you just will get a loaf of bread or something like that? 027: Well the only thing we have would be the Quickie the seven eleven that sort of thing Interviewer: But you don't- 027: We don't have any family grocery stores anymore. Interviewer: Did you when you were coming up as a? 027: Oh yes. That's where I learned to buy groceries. Interviewer: mm-hmm mm-hmm And uh what about the kind of store you might go to uh that specialize in sandwiches you know and uh and uh meats? 027: Uh we're just getting them here they're called delis delicatessens. Interviewer: I I don't think I'd really ever come into contact with those until I came up here. Had never really seen delicatessens. 027: Ha- have you been out to the um oh somebody ta- {D: Aesop's} Table. Interviewer: I don't think so. 027: It is good. Interviewer: Where is that? 027: It's just before you get to the old airport. Interviewer: Where is that I? 027: It's right beyond the new airport. {NW} It's used as a an administrative building. And there's a group of buildings on the right. There's a a Phillips Sunoco station. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And there's a a brick building there and in the front of the building. It's something like the pots and pans or something it's the aluminum company outlet. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: for their wherever. And in the back is {D: Aesop's} Table. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And they have the best french onion soup I have eaten in a long time. Because they put about that much #1 {X} {NW}. # Interviewer: #2 Oh. # 027: And you go through all the little lines you wait on yourself totally. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And uh they have a s- a limited but very good menu and a south bar. It's popular. Interviewer: I'll stop there sometime. 027: And uh Bill's secretary considers it expensive I don't. But I don't have two teenagers to fill up when I go out. Is probably the reason. Interviewer: Uh-huh {D: Yeah} that's true. 027: {C: laughs} Interviewer: Now you talked {D: with me} {X} talk about things to fry in the kind you plug up fry what you call that? 027: An electric skillet. Interviewer: And what about the these kinds of ovens that say you want a um heat something in a hurry cook something in a hurry what would you call those? 027: {NW} The love of my life microwave. Interviewer: And they really s- save a lot of time. 027: {NW} Interviewer: {X} 027: It has totally revised my I had to learn to cook all over again. Interviewer: Ah. 027: It's wonderful. Interviewer: Uh the uh place you might u- take if you didn't have a washer dryer at home you might go and do your? 027: A laundromat. Interviewer: And then and you might sort your clothes into a {D: lid} you call that a? 027: Hamper. Interviewer: And uh oh you didn't want to sweep you might use a what to clean the {X} you might use a? 027: A vacuum. Interviewer: And uh the bag in there what would you call? Any special name for? 027: Bag. Interviewer: And uh what about {D: if you went to} mop a little thing you might have water in in a plastic thing you call that a? 027: Now you're talking about the bucket? Okay Interviewer: And uh these things you take the trash in? 027: Compactor. Interviewer: And uh oh the thing out in outside you might have to put the trash in the uh? 027: Garbage can. Interviewer: What about these big green ones that the trucks take to the dump? 027: They're Dempster dumpsters made in Knoxville. Interviewer: {C: laughs and stutters} generic name as well as a a brand name {X}. 027: It has it was invented by a good friend of of Bill's father. And he made a mint. Interviewer: {X} 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: And uh the man who is in charge of a funeral you call him a? 027: I call him {X}. You would probably call him the funeral director. Interviewer: Do the people you ever hear the people use the term undertaker or {X}? 027: Yes we used to use that constantly but I think funeral director has taken its place. Interviewer: And uh The vehicle that you would {X} that would take the casket in would be the? 027: The hearse. Interviewer: And then the b- buildings where you {D: for internment would be} where you might? 027: Oh a mausoleum. Interviewer: I don't think I've ever seen one of those. 027: My uncle's in one. Interviewer: The uh any other name for cigarettes any other terms that you ever use them in? 027: Um Good grief I ought to have lots of those my husband's smoked for Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: I don't know how many years. But he hadn't had one since October the third. Interviewer: That is {D: nice}. 027: Uh I'm real proud Because I know he'd smoked since he was sixteen I don't know how much longer. Five packs a day. Interviewer: mm-hmm Alright. 027: Um that's what it leads to see don't do it I- oh- what I keep thinking of is the wrong terms. I'm getting back into marijuana you know. Reefers and things like that. Um Cigarettes are the only thing I can think of at the moment. Interviewer: mm Uh now say you had a room in the house that's designed for maximum sunlight has a lot of windows maybe even a glass roof what would you call that kind of room? Any name for that? 027: We call ours the atrium. Interviewer: mm 027: I think you were looking for a sunroom probably or a florida room. Interviewer: Are they a- are all those the same thing are there differences? 027: Uh w- yes. The sunroom uh came probably in the thirties. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And was the glass just a glass room. And then later they started with the glass roof they they started that and then I got to calling it my florida room which is sort of silly. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: {C: laughs} And in ours we uh went back all the way through architecture to the Greek house. Interviewer: mm 027: Where the atrium was the cool place with the rain water where you came in and cooled yourself and enjoyed the flowers while you rested from the heat. Interviewer: {NW} 027: But we put it in the middle of the house for obvious reasons Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: since we {C: laughs} didn't expect people to really walk through it And we wanted to put flowers orchids in there mainly. Interviewer: Sounds nice. D- do you have any formal or informal relaxation where you might have a T-V and a {X} what would you? You call that a? 027: Most people call it a family room we uh have our T-V sets in the bedrooms. Interviewer: The uh family room tha- do you ever use the term den or does that mean something different or? 027: A den to me is a little room my daddy had at home that was strictly his den and he had a couch and bookshelves and sometimes of transactive business in there and often napped in there and. That is an entirely different thing. Interviewer: And uh now say a room that has uh a toilet or or a sink but not a bathtub or? 027: A lavatory. Interviewer: mm-hmm Uh say you had a house and you have one complete bathroom and that you'd say you have one? 027: A bath and a half. W- which is a strange thing to me. Interviewer: Maybe. 027: {C: laughs} Interviewer: Everybody seems to use it though. 027: That's the correct terminology. Interviewer: Wha- what kind of say {D: heated little} would you have in your house now what are? And cooling things and and {X} as girl coming up can you tell me about? 027: Oh yes as a girl coming up we had a furnace. Had a fire built in it each morning and we had steam running through radiators. Interviewer: mm 027: And uh Then Bill and I have been through each system as we've gone along and ri- we are amused with all the uh emphasis on the heat pump right now because we put in a heat pump when we built the house fifteen years ago. And uh it was guaranteed for five years. And it blew up in sixty two months and we called our nephew who is an engineer expecting he would do sympathize with us and he said God what a magnificent job of engineering. {C: laughs} So now we heat in the winter with gas. And we cool in the summer with electricity and the whole thing is outside the house. Interviewer: mm 027: In a closet. And uh Well there's uh the air conditioning sits right outside. Then Bill does his office just the opposite. Interviewer: mm 027: They cool with gas and heat with electricity. Interviewer: mm 027: So we're still trying - there is no perfect system. Interviewer: mm-hmm mm-hmm 027: That I have to say. Interviewer: mm I guess I would. Looking for houses in Atlanta we were told to get if possible gas and air heat and no gas or air and heat because of the expense of electricity is so expensive. 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: Georgia Power says it's much more expensive than T-B-A. 027: Well uh we're just now heading it the T-B-A rates are coming up because for a thousand years we've had the lowest rates in the country. Interviewer: I think the highest cost we have an all electrical {D: farm} and the highest utility bill we've ever had is a is about thirty dollars thirty-five dollars. T- to me unbelievable but but you probably. 027: That's what we pay monthly for the {C: laughs} electricity to run the motor to have at the swimming pool. Interviewer: Oh really? 027: {C: laughs} And the light switch are on very little. Interviewer: T- to me that's unbelievable that we could we could get by with. 027: That's incredible. Interviewer: I know. And u- that's usually in the spring or fall it's not that much. 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: {D: in fact we were cautioned that} you know fifty to a hundred dollars in Georgia so. 027: yeah Interviewer: I'm really ready for that. They talked about a couple of kinds of architecture kinds of houses. These are unusual kinds of one is very {X} in Alabama uh small rural homes. Usually consist of two rooms one here one there. And in the middle a big open space but the roof would cover it. 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: the roof goes all the way across but it's completely open to the any name for? 027: Is it modern or old? Interviewer: Old. 027: Okay it's a dog trot. Interviewer: Dog trot most people in this area aren't familiar with that term are there any dog trot houses here? 027: The last one in the county was torn down about two years ag- the last one that I know of. About two or three years ago. Interviewer: It's very common in Alabama common kind of 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: [D: more architecture} Was it was it fairly common here at one time or? 027: I haven't the faintest idea because it's before my time. But uh these were friends of ours and they did in later years put glass doors at each end of dog trot they didn't try to heat it. But they at least kept the weather out. Interviewer: mm-hmm Now a house maybe a three or four room house where you can open all these doors and see straight through from one end to the other? 027: A shotgun. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: That's New Orleans. Interviewer: mm-hmm Ever seen the kind of house that has a long entry hall and then a big room or to a you know at a ninety degree angle? {X} that entry hall with a big room like that got a ninety degree angle you ever seen that kind of house? 027: I don't think so is that room the foyer or? The foyer ought to be the hall. Or near the hall Interviewer: This is this is uh in a modest town dwelling that one big room you know just a large single room and then a hallway? 027: I haven't the faintest idea. Interviewer: I don't I don't I don't think {D: you say that kind of thing}. 027: I think mrs Williams is building something like that um. She's building as as old-timey a house as she can and she's having one big room and one bedroom two bedrooms. One of which will be a work room cuz she sews and pots and Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: does everything under the sun and one bath. Interviewer: mm Did you ever see the kind of situation where you have a number of houses together in a whole building? 027: Oh Baltimore roadhouses. Interviewer: Not any in this area? I don't believe I've ever seen them either? 027: Th- I don't think it would well yes um some of the commercial buildings have common walls. I was gonna say i- but the same person owns all the ground. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: When they do and I believe in Baltimore you own both the ground and the house Although you have the common law. Interviewer: You don't have the law I guess. 027: {C: laughs} Interviewer: mm-kay The uh uh I guess it's New York City something like this people own apartments the cover the whole floor but 027: Yeah. Interviewer: Any name for that? 027: Um Interviewer: {NW} 027: that's a little too elegant for me I {NW} I haven't the faintest idea Wm, would that be a flat? Interviewer: mm-hmm That's what I I heard {D: I read} but I ain't never seen one in my life including {X}. 027: I have and it wasn't elegant at all. It was under the subway in Chicago. Interviewer: Oh. 027: I worked at a camp and I went home with one of my little boys. Interviewer: mm 027: Uh to visit him his father fed the animals at the zoo. Interviewer: mm 027: And his mother was out doing housework. Interviewer: mm 027: And you could've eaten off the floor. Interviewer: mm 027: But they had a flat and it was Interviewer: {X} 027: the whole floor Interviewer: mm 027: in that section. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: They had I would say two or three bedrooms a kitchen and a living room. Interviewer: Except for Atlanta I really had never been in a a large city. 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: Other than Birmingham I guess is the next thing next biggest. 027: Yeah Interviewer: But I really and I've never seen anything like th- row houses or or flats. Although shotgun houses are very common in Alabama. dog trots all over the place especially though in out in the country. There's tons of those. 027: Well they still have the wooden shutters instead of u- instead of windows. Interviewer: Most people now they don't put in windows and so forth but I have been the house that my grandmother grew up in still stands it was built in eighteen about eighteen sixty five sixty-six right after the war between the states. 027: uh-huh Interviewer: And it still had some wooden sh- shutters. It still in pretty good shape it was built out of logs. 027: Yeah Interviewer: {X} 027: The first o- and only one of those I've ever seen although they were very common here was in Alabama. Interviewer: The uh if you go to Montgomery you will {D: get the opportunity to} say please can I take two #1 {X} # 027: #2 Yeah. # Interviewer: Right outside of Wetumka just north of Wetumka There's a two story dog trot believe it or not sure is. 027: well how did the dogs get upstairs Interviewer: #1 {C: laughs} # Interviewer: #2 It was completely open # with two stories. But it's a big big two story house roof built over straight through. It's a very nice home. It really is just a beautiful home. 027: Wouldn't that be a lovely way to commit suicide? Interviewer: I guess so. 027: {C: laughs} In your sleep maybe. Interviewer: But it's a a big I've never seen any other two story dog trot. 027: Well i- that may be the only one. Interviewer: But 027: They didn't know how to build a house Interviewer: Still in good shape. The uh uh man who's in {X} charge of the upkeep of apartment building you'd call him the? 027: Hmm you could call him the manager or the custodian depending on what type of upkeep he's in charge of. Interviewer: Say if he did more menial tasks what would you call him? 027: Custodian. Interviewer: mm That tha- that's the same as a janitor? 027: Yes that's a pretty term for janitor. Interviewer: And uh 027: And if he were a lady you would be the housekeeper. Interviewer: We talked about kinds of houses and so forth any unique kinds of architecture in this area a- a modest or modest homes? Uh like a shotgun house or something like that a dog trot anything that's unique maybe {X}? 027: Uh the bungalow. Interviewer: What now what is that like? 027: That was built right after world war one. Interviewer: {X} 027: So that all the soldiers coming back could have houses. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And my father and his brothers built a whole town of them it's called bungalow town. And you can drive through bungalow town and see them. Although many of them e- expanded and but they had a front porch and a living room and kitchen off the living room and a bedroom in front of the kitchen and then a couple of bedrooms Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: in the back and a back porch. And they had a garden space. And they grandmothers and grandfathers but they lived in town. Interviewer: {NW} Yes ma'am. 027: But they had a farm. They lived on Houston street which was by a Presbyterian church if you uh. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: Uh the house was torn down a couple of years ago it was typical victorian. And their farm extended on well the bypass through the bypass and on back. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And they had a colored family that ran lived back there and ran the farm. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: Except for four cows and grandfather had a barn and four cows. Because he had four sons and that way he knew where his boys were at dawn and at dusk. Interviewer: {C: laughs} I guess so being {X} 027: {C: laughs} And each one was in charge of his cow and selling the milk. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: {C: laughs} Interviewer: What kind of a yard put if you do to say keep up a lawn can you tell me about the name of doing things you might? 027: Oh yes. We'd use a lawn mower. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: Just a plain old power mower. Interviewer: Gasoline? 027: Gasoline. Because my husband does not believe in riding mowers because they make ridges. Interviewer: mm 027: And these lots out here are an acre and we have two lots. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And our yard man is getting a little complainy about that lawn mower. Interviewer: mm 027: And uh then you have a rake. Interviewer: Different kinds of rakes? 027: Oh yes you have a leaf rake Interviewer: {C: coughs} 027: and you have a a deeper rake to rake uh gravel. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: Saw. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And you use hose Both H-O-S-E and H-O-E-S. And you use picks and mattocks. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And I'll just be glad to go out and name the whole category for you. Interviewer: What about do you have a garden something like how you garden with? 027: Oh we got rid of that {NS} That's a rototiller. Interviewer: And uh what about uh what would you wanna trim hedges and so forth what might you? 027: Hedge shears. Interviewer: What kind of say that for cutting down trees what might you? 027: We would use a saw and you may get both of those in electric. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And you can also get electric grass clippers Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: which are fantastic. Interviewer: {D: I don't have them} the only kind I've ever used {X}. 027: uh-huh Interviewer: {X} 027: but you Interviewer: {X} 027: You can plug 'em in and my sister and I were so stupid we take them to the cemetery to to trim around the stone. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And we took the cords with us and we're dragging the cords all over the place. And one of them came out and then we realized {C: laughs} no they didn't {C: laughing} need to be dragging those cords around. Interviewer: The uh what about hand tools you might use for uh a whole flower bed or something? 027: Oh in the atrium I use just uh a little trowel and a fork and clippers a knife. Interviewer: mm-hmm What about a big {X} you might use out in the garden what would you call that? 027: That's a fork. Interviewer: mm-hmm {D: Then we got} next questions have to do with cuts of meat and so forth what can you? 027: #1 {C: exclaims in disgust} # Interviewer: #2 What can you? # {C: laughs} Name a few cuts of a beef what would you might commonly use? 027: There are only two cuts of beef. The fillet and the loin tip roast Sorry. {NW} Interviewer: {D: on a} {X} 027: Uh there is also hamburger which I feed to cats. And uh there are sirloins and there are T bones which make very good beef stroganoff. But we that's about all we eat. Interviewer: What about uh cuts of pork any kind of cuts of pork that you might? 027: My husband would eat ham 'til it comes out his ears I don't like it. Um and I I like bacon. {NW} Interviewer: And would hams- talking about things that are cured or? 027: U- yeah he likes country ham Now Smithfield I could eat. A whole Smithfield. But Tennessee country ham I cannot abide. Now a cure ninety one a Hormel or whatever it is I love. But uh we differ greatly on those. Interviewer: What about is there a heavy fresh cut fresh? 027: We don't eat fresh pork. Uh we've been fighting cholesterol for at least thirty years. And really until the microwave we'd stopped eating bacon. But it takes every bit of the oil out of the bacon. Interviewer: Oh I didn't realize that. 027: {NW} Interviewer: And I've never used a microwave but my wife 027: Aw get her one. She'll go crazy. Interviewer: What about cuts of lamb? You uh ever used? 027: I do not like lamb a leg of lamb would be a young young spring lamb. Interviewer: mm And what about different kinds of of chickens that you might buy at the grocery store like? 027: Uh we prefer broilers or parts. Interviewer: now with the broiler what What is {X} is that? Can you explain? 027: That is the youngest that they sell Interviewer: {D: interesting} 027: and you can string them on the rotisserie. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And they are fantastic. Or you can broil 'em. Interviewer: What are the old ones called? 027: Hens. Interviewer: mm mm-hmm and uh 027: There are also capons. Interviewer: mm-hmm And what are those? 027: They are so old they have to be boiled. {C: laughs} Interviewer: {X} 027: Yes they're tough. Interviewer: Now you uh you mentioned you mentioned {X} what about the kinds of things that you have in casings that you might have to {X}? 027: Oh link sausages we prefer uh Bill likes link sausage we'll eat link sausage. I prefer patties. Interviewer: mm-hmm I like to keep 027: But we don't there again the cholesterol problem we just don't eat sausage. Interviewer: mm and What about the the kind of meat that you might {D: put in} a hot dog? 027: I could eat it all day. I have no idea what's in it. Everything bad about pork. Interviewer: What would you call that {X} that go to the store and buy some? You really like hot dogs you go to the store and buy some? 027: I buy hot dogs {NW} U- no they're frankfurters. Interviewer: I- I've noticed tha- that most people here call 'em ca- call meat itself hot dogs? 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: I've never really heard that or noticed that until I started 027: uh-huh Interviewer: interviews but {X} hearing these hot dogs for for the meat. 027: uh-huh um we Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: Our hot dog. Interviewer: What about the kind of sandwich where you have {X} two or three four different kinds of meat and cheeses and so forth? 027: Club. Interviewer: And uh what the thing that you drinking over there what you might have to drink with a? 027: Coke. Interviewer: mm-hmm Is that a do you would you use that for a pepsi {D: flavor or or beverages}? 027: I would not drink a pepsi. Interviewer: That's two of us. 027: {NW} Interviewer: Can't stand it {D: now}. 027: It was the funniest thing when we were in Europe. {C: laughing} Bill and I would order a coke. {C: laughing} They would have a sign we serve coca cola and they would serve me a pepsi. Interviewer: Aw. 027: Uh in a glass and I would say this is a pepsi. And they would say so what {X} there is no difference. {C: high pitch} And I would say oh yes there is and finally we found this beautiful bar. {D: closest} place you've ever seen. It was right next to the American Embassy in the uh this was in Rome. And they served real cokes. {NW} People would go in {C: laughing} and sit down on the velvet banquet {NW} And I would order a coke and then Bill would run across {X} the street to see what the exchange was that day at the bank and he would say sen- send her another one before I get back because she'll be ready for it. I think I drank them out of cokes {C: laughing}. Interviewer: I guess so. W- would you use the term coke for just any soft drink or? 027: No. Only for coca cola. Interviewer: What would you use the general generic term for? 027: Soft drinks. Interviewer: Soft drinks. 027: Or pop. soda Interviewer: What about uh something you know that you might have in a can a little alcoholic you might drink? Might also have a? 027: I wouldn't beer. Interviewer: And uh 027: I usually try to have some around for my nephews. Interviewer: And uh the kinds of things you might buy at a bakery can you name a few of those? 027: Um this is a little hard for me because I don't do my own shopping. Uh and so I haven't been in a bakery for years but I'll tell you one thing that you will not find in a bakery and that is lady fingers. Interviewer: mm-hmm and what are they I'm not sure I know what? 027: They don't know what they are. and they are what you make all the luscious desserts out of the charlottes and all those things they are the lovely light and they're shaped like a finger I can make 'em. I just don't have any pans. I'm gonna start making 'em. and just squeezing 'em out on paper. But the bakers have forgotten how to make them. But you get cakes and you get breads. And I know my mother was on uh salt free bread and they had certain days you get salt free bread. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And um as far as I'm concerned it's all junk. Interviewer: What about the kinds of uh oh sweet things you might get uh somebody was icing something? 027: Oh sweet rolls and cakes and cupcakes and. Interviewer: The uh the stuff on top of the sweet roll now you might call that? 027: A glaze. Interviewer: And uh what about a a donut that has a glaze or any special name for that kind of donut? 027: Uh many many many names a sugar donut jelly donut chocolate donut an iced donut. Interviewer: mm-hmm mm-hmm Ever seen the long rectangular donuts? 027: mm-mm Interviewer: Do you know the names for those? {C: laughs} 027: No names for those but I'd go for 'em {NW} Interviewer: What about the kind of long twisted? 027: Oh um not cream puffs. They're related to cream puffs but I don't know what the u- they have a filling in them. I don't know what they are. Interviewer: U- hang on coffee cakes what kind of cakes are those? 027: Those are a cake which is related to bread except that it has a little more sugar and vanilla and usually has a very delightful topping on top. I have a beautiful recipe {NW} if you want to send your wife something good. Interviewer: What is what is it? 027: Sour cream coffee cake. Interviewer: yeah my wife uh was a home ec major she never she does a lot of cooking and things like that she uh 027: I love to cook. Interviewer: The uh next question's about kinds of clothes some of the {X}. The uh when a woman is washing the dishes she might remove her uh? 027: Rings. Interviewer: An- any special name for the very large {X} rings? Just {D: uh like a pretentious rings} or ostentatious anything for? 027: You mean like mine? {C: laughing} Interviewer: Oh. 027: {C: laughs} No. Interviewer: mm 027: Just Interviewer: Just a ring? 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: What about now you hear about different styles of shorts that men really might wear in uh say something about their knees or the real short ones or what do you? 027: Uh bermudas and cutoffs. Interviewer: Bermudas are the ones that kinda long? 027: Right. I walk in shorts. or lederhosen Interviewer: Never heard that. 027: German. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: But usually leather Have a little Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: {NS} and they're fantastic. Interviewer: What about the kind that are real short that women sometimes wear any special name for those? 027: Not unless you're gonna get into bikinis just short shorts. Interviewer: Short shorts. 027: And um the kids all seem to be wearing cutoffs this summer. Interviewer: Alright did you I guess maybe fifteen or twenty years ago women wore some that came kind of {X} that came slacks about halfway down? 027: Oh culottes Interviewer: mm-hmm mm Now did you ever wear pedal pushers or anything around here or? 027: Yeah. Interviewer: What were they like were they? 027: culottes uh narrower Interviewer: Yes. 027: More like pants culottes are more like a skirt. Interviewer: Oh okay. And the clothes that were previously owned by somebody else you'd call them? 027: Hand me overs or left overs or hand me downs. Interviewer: Where if you had bought them maybe at a second hand clothing store still call them you'd call them hand me downs or? Were they {X}? 027: I think they'd be second hand. Interviewer: mm-hmm You ever heard any slang terms for very fashionable or good looking clothes? 027: You mean like sharp or cool or? Interviewer: Anything like that or? 027: Yeah. Interviewer: And uh tell me about the bag that you might store old winter clothes in in the summer. What would you call that kind of? 027: A storage bag. Interviewer: Storage bag {D: and uh} What about the kind you might use to take on a trip and you wanna take some hanging clothes in it? 027: Hanging bag. Interviewer: mm And what about the kind the plastic bags you pick your clothes up in cleaners? 027: That's a plastic #1 bag that's what I # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: keep my clothes in. Interviewer: Can you tell me about the different styles of shoes that men and women might wear that you {X}? 027: Oh you're gonna love this first one. Moccasin. Interviewer: mm 027: Sandals oxfords dress shoes clogs uh sneakers um. I don't know oh earth shoes and wedges wedges wedges. Interviewer: Wedges those are the earth shoes the ones with are higher in the front than the back? Th- a- the wedges what are they they thick heel? 027: The heel comes all the way across here. Interviewer: mm {D: okay} 027: Oh and an- mules Interviewer: What are {X}? 027: Mules or I don't know what they call them this year but a lot of the wedges don't have any heel. Interviewer: mm 027: Nothing back here at all j- just the toe slips in. They're awfully good for breaking ankles. Interviewer: I guess so. Uh what about different kinds of hair styles {D: what are they what are a few few of those}? 027: Well should we try the afro? Interviewer: Yeah I guess so. 027: {C: laughs} Interviewer: That's the only one I can think of. {C: 027 laughs while he says this} 027: Actually I think most of them are individual at least that's what my hairdresser does. Just um I really don't pay any attention to. Interviewer: Makes two of us. 027: what he's doing because he does what he thinks is best and he knows how I live and what I'm going to do to it so. Interviewer: Takes care of it for you. 027: mm Interviewer: We were talking about schools and all while ago. A person who's good and keeps his nose is in a book all the time and so forth what would you call him? 027: Oh he's a bookworm. Interviewer: mm Maybe there was a child someone who was always trying all the time trying to get the teacher's attention and praise and always trying to uh trying to say {D: to her} wha- what would you call that kind of person? 027: Well strangely enough I always called him dumb and he always ended up getting all the A s. You know the one that asks all th- the dumb questions that were perfectly obvious to anyone who had read the lesson. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And yet he always got the A s. I never understood that. But I never got dumb enough to do it {C: laughing}. Interviewer: Yes ma'am. And a a brown nose what would that be used ever used that term the uh term brown nose or? 027: {NW} {D: sloopy} {C: laughing} Interviewer: Yes ma'am. What about apple polisher did you ever? 027: Oh yeah. Interviewer: Yeah? What would that be? 027: Someone who always {D: cozies} up to the teacher. Interviewer: {D: Right} and uh Now a a boy or a man with womanish kind of womanish ways what might you call him? 027: I would be afraid to get into that should we say effeminate? Interviewer: {X} 027: {NW} Interviewer: And now a uh a a girl or woman with mannish ways what about? 027: Masculine. Interviewer: And uh uh {D: say they're quite a bit} unattractive man or a boy any any special terms for him? 027: Uh just ugly. Interviewer: What about a woman or girl? Any special term then? 027: I heard a wonderful one. My nephew used he said she'd been beaten by the ugly stick. Interviewer: {C: laughs} That's awful. 027: {NW} I thought that wasn't bad {C: laughing} Interviewer: {X} 027: That was the nth degree I hadn't heard that one before. Interviewer: Yes ma'am what about a very attractive man or boy any any special term for him or? 027: I can't whistle very well. Interviewer: Oh. 027: {NW} Interviewer: What about a woman or a girl {X} any special term for her? 027: Lovely or beautiful. Interviewer: Uh we talked of mm talked about schools and all the where you would go to wash your hands and go to the restroom and so forth in in the school. What would you call that? 027: The restroom. Interviewer: Restroom. And what about the place where you play basketball or? 027: The gym. Interviewer: Was that usually just a basketball arena or was that? 027: Back in my day uh it was basketball and swimming and that was it. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: They've uh somewhat expanded since then and then have rather elaborate plans for. They even have handball courts up here at Maryville college. Interviewer: Oh yeah. And the- the kind of {D: lawn} nets that you might have around a school playground you might {X} it? 027: #1 Like I've got around the # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: swimming pool? {X} uh {X} chain fence isn't it what it's called? Interviewer: uh-huh And uh 027: With three rows of barbed wire {NW}. Interviewer: I guess that would get the kids somewhat out. 027: It's gonna get electrified if they don't watch out. Interviewer: mm-hmm Oh you've had problems? 027: Uh just twice once we found an alligator in the pool. Interviewer: {C: whistles} 027: He was dead which was pretty cruel he was just a little one. And of course they put him in that chlorine and it killed him. And uh then once some kids ran they uh just drove a car up to the gate and knocked it down and I'm sure had a nice swim. And then left both showers running full tilt. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And we had to replace that and uh. I do not think an electric uh fence would be cruel. There are people who think that it would be similar to sitting out there with a shotgun but I don't. Interviewer: especially if there was a sign or something around? 027: Caution electric fence. Interviewer: That would apply to uh anyone who can read but no other. 027: {C: laughs} Right well that would just be the uh barbed wire. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: Which is eight feet up. Interviewer: uh-huh 027: But I think that's the only solution because I we put it down in the far backyard because I didn't want it where I had to look at it all winter sitting there empty eyed I don't think they're very pretty. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: But I do like 'em in the summer. Interviewer: I promised my wife if when we get a house is one thing I'd do is get her little a little pool she likes that. {NW} 027: It's the best exercise in the world. Interviewer: Well she always just sit out there in the sun {X} 027: true I do twenty laps a day that's the only exercise I get. Interviewer: twenty laps that would be 027: Nah I just got ten in yesterday cuz I was {D: freaked} out I had to Interviewer: mm 027: gauge it but usually I get twenty in. Interviewer: The next set of questions have to do with slang terms for There's ethnic groups uh which you may not have have heard of at all. I'll just go through them the uh orientals. 027: Chinks and now these are old old ones. Uh I've heard no new ones at all. Interviewer: Chinks does that refer to any specific? 027: Chinese. Interviewer: {X} 027: When they came over to build the railroad I suppose. Came from my father who uh was out in Colorado for a period when he was younger and. Interviewer: Any others you? 027: We've never had any here. We did have a Chinese laundry man in Knoxville. who did beautiful work but we called him the Chinese laundry man. Interviewer: {NW} Uh now 027: I cook Chinese cooking. Interviewer: Oh. 027: I called her mrs Ching. Interviewer: {NW} Ching 027: Her husband is a professor of history at U-T. Interviewer: Oh I- I'm familiar with the name. 027: uh-huh Lovely people. Interviewer: {X} 027: I don't like the cooking I don't like the food. Interviewer: {C: laughs} I we were in Hawaii last summer I had so much Chinese food that just really wouldn't don't want to see it for a while. Say Roman Catholics ever heard of slang term for Roman Catholics or? 027: Uh no we've never had um we have now have had for about twenty years a church here in Maryville. But uh we just call 'em Catholics. Interviewer: Uh did any Protestant groups ever heard of any slang terms for them? {NW} 027: Um Not really we uh except the holy rollers. Interviewer: Now Jewish people any slang terms for them? 027: We've never had a Jewish we've had one Jewish family in Maryville. And they went broke. Interviewer: Oh really. 027: {X} {C: static then fades out} 027: Not disturb us. Interviewer: {D: I've been} {X} Just far too many cokes a lot more than I should. {X} working alright. {D: I forgot} {X} {D: do you have any sort of a} {X} 027: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Round the first of June I spent six weeks uh driving {D: the states}. {X} And I had no one around {D: using a car}. And I had to drink uh just coke cola {D: mixed} {X} So I picked up a bad habit I {D: guess}. 027: It's not a bad habit let me show ya. And do you have a Playmate? Um a cooler Interviewer: uh-huh 027: This is the most fantastic thing to carry in your car {NS} Interviewer: I was stopping certainly at every service station I came to that is nice. 027: I-it comes in a larger size #1 a smaller size would be a # Interviewer: #2 {X} # {X} 027: You get about eight cups in there. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: Cold ones. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: Out of a machine. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: Sprinkle a little ice on it {NS} #1 And it goes for hours # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: I used to take down to the pool when I had {X} in there Interviewer: Yes ma'am 027: And I oh- it's a J-C Penny product. They were on sale for fourth of July. Seven dollars and eleven cents. Interviewer: Oh {D: I} just stopped at every service station I came to. 027: {C: laughs} You probably don't like ice {X}. #1 {D: on the way getting it to you} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Uh I'll go through the rest of the list of groups and you can tell me {D: if you know any one} uh. Germans any terms you ever heard for {X}? 027: No and I wouldn't have cuz I'm German. Interviewer: That's alright.D My mother's people are German too the [D: Teils}. 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: and two {D: Teil} brothers who settled in Lowndes county Alabama. I wanna say in the early part of the nineteenth century and so on. Uh {D: I didn't uh} we all that's where the dark hair and dark eyes come from believe it or not {X} believe it or not all dark and {X} dark hair and eyes. 027: There's my grandfather whom I'm supposed to resemble exactly. {NW} I never saw him. He was uh educated to be a teacher. Interviewer: mm 027: But came here to escape military service and when he was twenty-one. {NS} And um. Interviewer: So your grandfather was from Europe? 027: So was my grandmother. Interviewer: Oh. 027: {NW} Uh-huh and I don't know people say why don't you have those {X}. {NW} But I don't know what color they were. Interviewer: mm 027: {C: laughs} Because I never saw grandfather and grandmother was an old lady when I knew her and her hair was white and her eyes were blue. An- but my father had a picture of her with very dark hair and so I don't know. Interviewer: The uh my- I- I resemble my grandfather very much too in fact I had a great aunt that I never met lived in Tuscaloosa And I was walking one day down the street. She was out raking and she must have been in her eighties. 027: yeah Interviewer: {X} picked it up and handed it to her. Didn't know at the time this was my great aunt. So I just started talking to her she said you look very familiar to me I said finally I told her {X} She said that she had people down there too well I did too and we got to talking. Pretty soon though she said well you know you look just like my {X} grandson. 027: #1 {C: laughs} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # So it was the resemblance was was that much and 027: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 my # sister and I {D: look}. And the longer I look we j- just almost exactly alike. {X} Uh it's just amazing the the resemblance {X} #1 {X} # 027: #2 uh-huh # Interviewer: #1 What about # 027: #2 {D: that's real interest-} # Interviewer: ever heard any name for the Dutch? 027: {X} {NW} But uh we had two German families here and um. {NW} The uh the Reeders now I did hear them call Dutch Reeder. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: A woman and a man was always called Dutch Reeder. And I have no idea why. Interviewer: mm-hmm mm That was kind of {D: a good name}. 027: Uh-huh yeah his name was Herman. {NS} He was a baker. I have no idea Grandfather was educated for a teacher and so he was the cabinet maker. Interviewer: mm 027: And so he was By virtue of being the cabinet maker he was the uh undertaker. Because cabinet maker made the uh caskets. So my father's spent his uh rainy Saturdays laying caskets. Interviewer: Oh. 027: And uh none of the boys was interested in the undertaking business. And so they uh sold it when grandfather could no longer carry on and that is {X} that you see down on Broadway today. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: {C: laughs} {X} That's our undertaker. But that's just real funny yes. Interviewer: My my grand- I- I guess {D: they were all} my grandfather's people were farmers until until my grand- grandfather moved to Montgomery a little outside Montgomery in the late twenties. He was th- the only policeman for the {D: big ol''} town called {C: name of a town}. {D: the} police force for I guess thirty years. Uh the only law enforcement in. 027: mm-hmm Things in two. Interviewer: {D: He} should have. 027: I think Montgomery is a beautiful town though. Interviewer: Oh I {D: think it} it was a nice place to grow up in of course. There's just not very many of us is changing too and. 027: There used to be a white house on a corner right on the main street that had a lot of vine lace too much really. And they had glassed in a whole lot it had been porches. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: They had gla- it was a three story house I used to always look for that when we went through because I loved that house. Interviewer: They started restoring a number of the old homes both the Victorian and the antebellum. 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: Cuz they're and uh there's a lot a lot to do I guess they. The only bad thing about it now is the crime rate. It's gotten so bad but but I guess that mostly {X} so. 027: {X} I got scared to death {X} with Bill the other day I went in the dressing room and I turned around and our yardman was right behind me and. If I hadn't recognized Thomas who's been with us for twenty years it would've scared the wits out of me. But he just wanted to ask how Bill was. Bill was in the hospital. And he didn't realize he was doing anything wrong so I couldn't say anything to him about it but I just don't go swimming with Thomas {X}. Interviewer: {NS} Uh any slang name terms you ever heard for say Italians? 027: {C: pronounced like aitai} but I probably heard that over the T-V. Interviewer: What about you ever heard dago or anything like that? 027: Yeah mm-hmm when I was growing up. But then again um I probably heard that from one of my sister's boyfriends when she was in college. Because we just never had any. Interviewer: uh-huh 027: Uh this was a Scotch-Irish Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: settlement. Pardon me with the exception of the two German families. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: {C: laughs} what they said about us I don't know. #1 {C: laughs} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # What about uh for for Poles? Any names for the poles o- or Russians? 027: Yes Ruskies. that- but that was during World War Two. Interviewer: Uh Czechs? Lithuanians? {X} 027: No I have something from Lithuanian but I was trying to think what it was. Interviewer: Uh any slang terms you ever heard for Englishmen? 027: Oh yes my husband lived in England for two years. They are Limeys. Interviewer: mm-hmm What about Irishmen any slang terms you might've heard for them? 027: I'm sure my mother had some but I did not know what they were. Interviewer: What about Scotsmen? 027: No. Interviewer: Uh French? 027: Yeah. That again comes from Bill. Frogs. Interviewer: mm What about uh the uh Cajuns? Got any kinda any names for them? 027: No just Cajuns I found out about the Cajuns by fishing down there for about five summers down off the {X}. Interviewer: mm-hmm There are some in south Alabama I think. 027: Oh really? Interviewer: uh in fact around {C: name of a county} and Mobile counties. There at the gulf Bayou La Batre places like that. 027: mm-hmm Interviewer: uh 027: Well the first time I ever heard of a Cajun he came up to the door and started talking to me. Interviewer: {NS} 027: {C: laughs} I was totally lost. Interviewer: We have a number of tapes from that area {D: very difficult to} transcribe and. 027: You can understand them after you know them and have been around them for a while. Interviewer: {NS} 027: But it really takes some hard work. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: But they're fascinating people. Interviewer: Yeah. 027: They really are. Interviewer: Any names for Greek? 027: Gods {NW} Interviewer: Cubans? 027: Strangely enough no. Interviewer: Uh Puerto Ricans? Uh Mexicans or? 027: Mexicans are wetbacks. Interviewer: Those are the ones that come across? What about those who grew up were born in Me- Mexico? Parents who say {D: who} moved to the United States {D: particularly the United States}. 027: That I have no- no terminology. Interviewer: Scandinavians? 027: No. Interviewer: Uh Canadians? 027: No when I think of a Scandinavian person I usually think of a person who's blond and beautiful but other than that um. Interviewer: I- I'm sure that there are some people {X}. 027: {C: laughs} Well deli meat fits right in. Interviewer: What about Democrats or Republicans ever heard any slang terms for them? 027: Oh good heavens. My father was a Democrat and my mother was a Republican. {C: laughs} Interviewer: #1 I guess they got in a squabble or two. # 027: #2 {C: laughs} # {C: laughs} Oh that's why I'm an independent. {NS} Interviewer: Ever know any slang terms that {X} {D: far end}? 027: Oh yes Bill is a has been until he's been ill a very active Republican. So I can just anything you say I can say yes I've heard that one. {NS} Interviewer: I don't think I've ever heard any {X} as far as I know. 027: Oh yes um. With every campaign they come up. The special slang terms. I was trying to think and you were talking about Roman Catholicism probably the most I ever heard of that Catholicism when I was growing up was when Al Smith Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: was running for president and I was in the second or third grade. Interviewer: mm 027: And uh the term then for Democrats was Catholic lovers. Interviewer: Uh-huh mm-hmm 027: And um And then {C: name of a politician} um {X} the Republicans were all {X}. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And uh in between campaigns they're just Democrats and #1 Republicans. # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # uh Now if someone who maybe especially a few years ago would have a man may have real long hair beard wear beads and that kinda thing? 027: Hippie. Interviewer: mm-hmm And {X} do you know about the style of dress or was it {X} or? 027: #1 Style {D: white}. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: A total style of life. Interviewer: Tell me what {X} kind of lifestyle social? 027: No it was uh lifestyle and incidentally I was in the park in San Francisco the day they had their rally. Interviewer: Oh really? 027: mm-hmm And one of them took a picture of me {D: look at} the square. {C: laughs} Interviewer: I was only in San Francisco in the airport for a couple hours one day um. 027: Just give me a day in San Francisco anytime. Interviewer: Uh now say someone who uh they were in the same section {D: that you very early} grew up with very close to did everything around out together {X}. 027: Best friend. Interviewer: mm And uh say you're someone who's kind of a surrogate parent any name for somebody who becomes surrogate parent? 027: Yeah aunt so and so. Interviewer: Okay. And uh {X} same thing. uh When you were coming up as a girl did you have a group of kids that you hung around with or played with {X}? 027: Um not really because I was um {NS} usually sick. I was run over by a car when I was very small and I was um quite often in the hospital having surgery and this that and the other and I had my group. But I wasn't with them as much. But they were they were a very loyal group and we are still the group Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: that those of us who are left in town. Interviewer: And di- did y'all have a name for yourselves what kind of would you call yourselves anything? 027: #1 uh # Interviewer: #2 {X} # or a gang? 027: The rest of 'em did but I wasn't with them enough. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: They called themselves six links because there were six of 'em I think. #1 And I would make seven yes. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 027: But we all ran around with the same boys and um. I think the best summer I ever ha- I went to camp then every summer. So when they were doing the summer things I wasn't here because heat affects me and we didn't have air conditioning in those days. And I went to camp in June and came back at the end of August and um if I wasn't having surgery. And my patient number at Warm Springs is two forty-eight. I was a patient of doctor {X} who was the first uh Interviewer: {X} 027: key surgeon and so he took me on. He took his patients and completed them. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: But I was not allowed to go in the water because they didn't know what caused polio. Interviewer: mm-hmm uh-huh 027: It made me something mad they let my sister go in. {NW} And uh so I didn't have the closeness with the group that someone would who woul- I went to school maybe two or three months out of the year and was tutored the rest of the time. And then I went away to boarding school and I was the only one in the group who did. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: See I came out right out of high school right at the heart of the Depression. {NW} the heart of the Depression that was my sister. {NW} Yeah we had a strike {X} it's the same thing here {C: laughs} precisely. We had a stri- a real strike with uh one or two men killed and it lasted for several months and it threw the economy off for three or four years and then came World War Two. Interviewer: Uh what kinds of games and all did you play when you were little? 027: Uh I was one of the bookworms. {NS} And anybody I could force to play parcheesi with me or uh oh I still have it somewhere. It's a real antique. The board with the X with one marble missing out of the middle. You play it solitary and then you end up with one marble in the middle and all the rest of them out. Interviewer: Some chinese checkers? 027: No it's a variation thereof and once you learn it you can do all these little things and uh. Old maids {NW} hearts rook and then when I was active I liked to skate and I had an what we called an {X} then in the backyard that my dad had built for me. I think now it would be called monkey bars. Interviewer: Uh-huh 027: Mine wasn't as elaborate as they are now. And um {NW} I liked to shoot. Interviewer: mm 027: I was a riflery instructor when I got older. And I loved to ride but I kept falling off the horse because my leg wouldn't my muscles wouldn't hold and they didn't know enough then about physical therapy or realize that that would be the best thing for me and so instead they stopped me. Interviewer: mm 027: And uh just the usual things. Interviewer: Ever pla- did y'all ever play any hiding games or anything like that? 027: Oh yes and red light i- in the evening until it got #1 dark. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # red light. 027: I don't even remember. Interviewer: {C: laughs} 027: Was something about running and you freeze when somebody yells red light. And then there were giant steps and. Interviewer: {X} 027: Oh yes {X} and um I think that was giant steps. Um hide and seek of course. Interviewer: mm-hmm Did you ever play any kind of kind of running game where you had had two lines over here and one side would call {X} {D: over and} over and you have to break through the arms of? 027: Now I didn't because I wasn't strong enough. The others did yeah Interviewer: What did they call that do you remember? Ever hear it called like red rover or anything like? 027: Yeah red rover red rover come over mm-hmm. Right Interviewer: Anything ring games or anything that {D: may have played}? 027: Any what? Interviewer: Kind of ring games uh played you know where you use the circle? 027: Oh yes and they were um well we actually did square dancing only we didn't call it that. Interviewer: uh-huh 027: Uh to music Interviewer: {NW} 027: and um I realized later when I did square dancing that that's what we had been doing. Interviewer: What about the boys did they ever play any kind of ball games or games with {D: ten pins} anything? 027: Oh no it was uh baseball and basketball and tennis. We were great on tennis around here and um {NW} I don't know of the time I paid much attention the boys it was more girl games. Interviewer: {X} Uh what about any any games that they ever played with knives or anything where they toss it down like that. 027: They did I never paid any attention to those. Interviewer: What about 027: And marbles yeah it was bring always the marbles. Interviewer: Ever played with jacks or anything? 027: Yeah mm-hmm I don't know how I've got to learn haven't I? I've got a whole crew of grand nieces and nephews that are going to be expecting me to know how to play jacks. Interviewer: What about rope games have you ever played any kinds of rope games? {X} 027: Oh sure oh yes that was recess I always jumping the rope. Interviewer: Did they have a column or anything they usually built or {X}? 027: No. I really don't because I didn't jump I just watched. Interviewer: What about any kind of rough games that kids {X} played or? {NS} 027: I was shielded from the rough games and I don't know. Interviewer: Now 027: And there was so much at the time that I wasn't there that I don't know really what they were doing. Interviewer: And what about any kind of {D: word} games {X} about {D: word} games people would play anything like that? 027: I don't know. Interviewer: What about new kids {X} pretty much accepted immediately or was any kind of is- initiation wise you're gonna get to go through a? 027: {C: laughs} We had very few new kids moving in but they definitely go through a miserable period. Um which just lasted a day or two really and then they were usually I can't remember but two who were not accepted in school. And one stole things and the other one I don't know what she did but something equally Interviewer: What kinds of things would they would be miserable for? 027: Well they were different and they felt different. And we all sort of stared at them and they stared at us and then finally somebody would break the ice and Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: talk and we had one very delightful boy who had lived several places who came here his father was with the Aluminum company and um. {NW} He came here from Canada and he had the most fascinating blend of an English accent and a southern drawl that you have ever heard. And he was just {NS} he was just a nice kid and that was during one of the periods when I wasn't walking. {NW} And the first day that he was here he volunteered to carry my lunch tray over to me. And so he didn't go through any initiation period. Bob was accepted immediately. And it was that one little thing that he did and the fact that he rocked back and forth when he talked he rocked from one foot to the other. And {C: laughs} he had that funny slow way of talking that was so utterly foreign to us. And um incidentally he turned out very very well and he did I couldn't tell you how a chief engineer of something or other for some company to the Navy Interviewer: mm 027: He died last year {NW} of a malignancy but He was really a great guy he had no breaking in period but he's the only one that I can think of and I think it was really that um Interviewer: His own initiative. 027: of carrying my tray that first day because somebody always volunteered to carry my tray over to me from the cafeteria. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And then they would try to pick up food I didn't like {X} {C: laughs} {X} {C: laughs} Interviewer: {X} When you were a little older seventeen eighteen what kinds of parties and so forth would you have? 027: Uh we never danced {NS} we didn't dance until just about the time I went to college. Interviewer: mm 027: Dancing was taboo in Maryville. Interviewer: mm 027: But we had snap socials. Interviewer: {X}? 027: Uh the girls sat over here the boys sat over there and then one of the boys would come over and snap his finger in front of you and then y'all would go out and outside. unchaperoned and take a walk. {X} Interviewer: {C: laughs} 027: You know dancing is simple but this is {X}. {C: laughs} So that's um and then we would uh when we had parties in our homes Interviewer: mm 027: our parents would prep- try to organize a few games and then get it going and leave it alone and. Interviewer: Did did girls ever spend the night with each other {X}? 027: Oh sure but we did not have slumber parties. They came later. When we spent the night with somebody we went to bed went to bed went to sleep eventually Interviewer: Now we like to stay up all night. 027: {C: laughs} Interviewer: I'm in bed by ten O clock {X}. 027: {NW} {X} off the telephone at two this morning. Interviewer: Oh I- I guess I guess when I got married my wife goes to bed so early I started doing it too. {X} 027: That's good. Interviewer: Uh Can't do it any other way. 027: {C: laughs} leaves you fresh for the day's occupations. Interviewer: When you uh as a girl coming up what kind of music and so forth did you listen to? 027: Whatever was popular at the time just. Interviewer: What what styles what {X} Lot of people talk about rock music {D: did anybody remember any}? 027: Uh rag was the thing. Interviewer: {X} 027: And uh See I came up in the thirties and the forties. Interviewer: Oh. 027: And the big band era came just about the time I got to college and so all our dances were Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: fantastic as far as I'm concerned formals with the the really big bands and I heard them all. Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: And we spent as much time gathered around the bandstand watching 'em particularly the drummers. Interviewer: uh-huh 027: And we knew that the drummers were on something but we didn't know what. Interviewer: uh-huh 027: But we knew they had to be on something to drum like that. But as far as trying to get some or that never crossed any of our minds that I know of. But um now I- it was a wonderful era to grow up in it really was as far as I'm concerned in particular with music. Interviewer: mm-hmm What about now any particular style of music you listen to now? 027: Yeah I've got two {X} Miller albums that I've worn Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: completely out. I still go back to the old ones there are some of the new ones that I like. And uh course some classical music but I have never been trained in classical music which is a shame. I have been trained in {NW} art and literature but not in music. And so what I know about classical music I had picked up. But there's some of it that I enjoy very much and there is some country and western that we like. Interviewer: mm 027: But not {X} not too much um {NW} well not the Nashville style. That's not Tennessee and that's not hillbilly and that's not um. Bluegrass is more what we grew up with if we grew up with it and we really didn't. Interviewer: {X} That's uh really all the questions I had anything about the local culture so forth that I didn't ask that that I might've asked but {X}? 027: Now or then? Interviewer: {X}? 027: We're getting {NS} some very good cultural a- well now then back in the olden days we had the uh Lyceum program which came to the college like once a month #1 and # Interviewer: #2 Did you go # to Maryville College or? 027: No I'm the first one in five generations of my family that didn't. I went to a girl's school which no longer exists {NW} but which is coming back. {X}. Interviewer: mm-hmm now I 027: And uh then I went to U-T. And uh my parents were forty mile far and so I after I had been {X} for two years they said we would appreciate it if you would go to U-T and live at home. Because we so like to have you around and so that's what I did. I didn't particularly want to but I enjoyed it thoroughly. And uh but we're get- we're having um. Then we had really excellent programs like uh the Trapp Family was here Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: when they first came to the states. And uh {NW} I heard um {NW} Pablo what was his #1 name great cello yeah. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # mm {X} 027: mm-hmm And we really had some great ones and then they cut all that out. Interviewer: mm 027: And we had nothing. Interviewer: uh-huh 027: And um now of course Clarence Brown is giving U-T this magnificent theater. Interviewer: {X} that really is. 027: And we uh Bill and I belong to the first night club and. We didn't get to go last year at all but um in the other two years that it's been We feel that it really is an {X} gallery. {NS} It's doing I think a terrific thing for Knoxville. And uh right next to it of course is the town's collection of silver at the uh Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: {X} a great deal of which has been stolen. Interviewer: {NW} Oh really. 027: Yes irreplaceable things. And the Blount Mansion is one thing that you may not have seen that uh I dragged all the children to when they were little. I've been through it since I was little many times and seen it grow. And it really was a mansion when it was built but it was the first frame house. Interviewer: {D: frame} 027: And uh we have of course the summer dramas. Interviewer: uh-huh 027: And under these hills is well worth seeing. And um I can't I can't say much for the passion plays. I know that they're a lot of tourist traps of course but I think and then the uh The {X} theater is coming back beautifully restored. And my mother remembers seeing people like Jenny Lind there {X}. Interviewer: Ah 027: And um so Knoxville has had and Maryville has had a fine cultural past and I think it's going to return. Interviewer: mm 027: {NW} And Maryville has a very nice art collection at uh the college. And we have all we always have an adult education uh program going both at Maryville and at U-T and uh. I've taken advantage of several of those Interviewer: mm-hmm 027: courses I took one last winter over my husband's dead body. {X} he doesn't like for me to go out and uh. But I thought it was time that I left him a little bit and so I took one. And uh I think we're coming. Interviewer: Is Maryville {X} growing pretty rapidly too isn't it? 027: Too rapidly I liked it the way it was. {C: laughs} {NW} I liked it the way it was I really di-. Interviewer: {X} From the his- growth rate. 027: uh Interviewer: {D: Do you go through} Morristown and all that all that valley area? 027: Well of course uh {X} {NS} coming to Morristown is what started it going as it has done and then when {X} came down to Charleston. Interviewer: mm 027: And that really gave it a boost but um {NW} well first federal has already done a hundred and ninety-two loans this month Interviewer: And they just? 027: to give you an idea and that is running that's what they've been running for about two or three years. Interviewer: That's tremendous you know for a {X} so {C: end of reel}.