Interviewer:  Let's make sure it's going. Now, would you just give me your your full name first?
030:  {NW} Sequoyah {B}
Interviewer:  And your address?
030:  {B}
Interviewer:  And your place of birth?
030:  Knoxville, Tennessee.
Interviewer:  And your age?
030:  I am forty-four.
Interviewer:  And your church?
030:  Mountain Zion Baptist.
Interviewer:  And your occupation?
030:  Uh librarian.
Interviewer:  Now, tell me about your your formal education. Uh the uh ya know when you where where you started school and so forth.
030:  Oh uh at Green School on Payne Avenue. And then I went to well uh it's {D: Vine Junior now,} but it was the high school then, and that's where I went.
speaker#3:  {X}
Interviewer:  What what part of uh of Knoxville is that? Is that near here?
030:  No, it's in East Knoxville.
Interviewer:  #1 I see. How far is it from here would ya say? #
030:  #2 Mm-hmm. # Um two miles or a little better uh it's about fifteen minutes drive.
Interviewer:  Alright, and how uh how uh did now when you finished the school that school. how old were you?
030:  #1 I didn't finish high school. I left school when I was fifteen. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. # I see.
030:  Mm. {NW} And after I married.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Go ahead.
030:  Then I had um well I was had a daughter. Then four years later a son.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
030:  #1 Then three years later another son. Then seven years later a daughter, and two years later a son. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # Was it four?
030:  #1 I have five child. Mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  #2 Five. Five. # #1 I missed one there. Okay uh. #
030:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  Now what uh how long have you been working in the library?
030:  Uh well uh just two years. I've been well two and a half years really. I've #1 had to take special training for this. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. # And where did you work before that?
030:  Well uh before I came over here, I was a crossing guard.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
030:  #1 Uh you know that's that's getting the children back and forth across the street for uh Green School I worked at Vine and Payne Avenue. #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh. Uh-huh. I see. # How long did you do that?
030:  Eight years.
Interviewer:  And did you have a job any job before that?
030:  Uh only part time working at Standard Knitting Mill. My mother worked there at night, and I just filled in. Part time.
Interviewer:  How'd you spell that then then?
030:  What? Standard?
Interviewer:  #1 Standard. #
030:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  Standard, okay. Uh and now you started as a crossing guard then when you were about uh about thirty-four?
030:  Yes.
Interviewer:  And and you worked at the knitting mill before that?
030:  Yeah, I oh I've been on {D: all going to tw- my twenties.}
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay. Now where was your mother born?
030:  In uh South Carolina. McCormick, South Carolina.
Interviewer:  And where was your father born?
030:  McCormick, South Carolina.
Interviewer:  Okay. And when did they move to uh to Knoxville?
030:  Uh I think my uh sister was about ten months old when they moved here. So I don't know exactly what year. But I was born here in nineteen twenty-seven.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. #1 And well how many years how how much older is your sister than you? #
030:  #2 And # #1 She's two years older than I am. #
Interviewer:  #2 Alright # #1 so they just came here about a year before you were born? I see. #
030:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  And what about your um uh where is McCormick?
030:  It's um let me see. {NS} I don't know what it's near. Uh well uh that's the main only town, and they lived way out.
Interviewer:  Did you ever were you ever out there or down there or?
030:  Yeah I've been once uh no I've been twice my father's buried there.
Interviewer:  I see.
030:  And last year we had a family reunion there in McCormick.
Interviewer:  #1 Is it up in the northern or the southern part of the states? Is it down near near uh near Charleston? Is it uh #
030:  #2 No, it # It's near Augusta, Georgia. #1 It's close. You can go um yeah we we went to Augusta and it didn't take us a good hour to go about forty-five minutes drive. #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh, I see. I see. I see. # Uh how did your father happen to come to Knoxville?
030:  Well uh I don't know why uh because all of his um brothers and sisters and his mother and father lived in North Carolina. #1 Maybe it was cause my mother's sister was here. I don't have any idea, but #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. Uh-huh. #
030:  Uh all of his people were uh left South Carolina and went to North Carolina in Asheville. #1 And he was the only one that came here. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. # I see. Uh did did your parents have much formal education?
030:  No, I don't think so. I think about the eighth or the or from uh eighth grade for my mother and about the fifth or the sixth grade for my father.
Interviewer:  And what was your father's occupation?
030:  Uh my daddy worked at uh at Miller's uh. He was a porter in Miller's, but he died quite young.
Interviewer:  What is Miller's?
030:  #1 Uh this is Miller's uh Department Store on Gay Street. #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh. # and your mother you said worked at the knitting mill.
030:  My mother worked at Standard Knitting Mill for uh about twenty-seven years.
Interviewer:  Now did you know uh your grandparents?
030:  Yes um on my mm father's side. I never knew my mother's
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
030:  uh people, but on my father's side we used to go to Asheville every summer and stay three months with them.
Interviewer:  Oh, they live in Asheville?
030:  Now, yes. My grandmother's still living.
Interviewer:  I see they oh uh and they went they then they went from they went from from McCormick up to Asheville,
030:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  North Carolina. Um but then was she born in uh
030:  South Carolina.
Interviewer:  They were born in uh your both your these are your father's par-
030:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 parents? #
030:  M- my mother's mother were was born in South Carolina, and my father's mother and father were born in South Carolina.
Interviewer:  Your mother's mother?
030:  And father. Yeah both all of 'em
Interviewer:  #1 All four of them? All #
030:  #2 were. Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  all um four in around McCormick?
030:  Yes. {NS}
Interviewer:  Okay uh how did did they uh do you know much about their background their when they were they were small did they ever tell you much about their
030:  Uh, who? My mother?
Interviewer:  Your grandparents.
030:  No. No um you know no more than saying when I was a little #1 girl. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. #
030:  we uh nobody would've dreamed of coming out with a short dress like this and things like
Interviewer:  #1 Sure. Uh okay. #
030:  #2 that. {NW} #
Interviewer:  Now how about your husband? Now what's his age?
030:  Um. The one I'm married to now? I well {NW} I haven't been married that long this time, but the one I was married to for twenty-seven years, let's talk about that one.
Interviewer:  Okay.
030:  Uh uh he was Bill came from Tennessee, but in Cleveland, Tennessee.
Interviewer:  And what about his uh uh he was born in Cleveland then?
030:  Yes.
Interviewer:  And what about his formal education?
030:  Um he went he graduated from Austin High School and he went to Morris Brown College for two years. {NS}
Interviewer:  And um what was his occupation?
030:  He works at an {D: aqualuma} company. He's been there for some time.
Interviewer:  Do you know what he does?
030:  He works in pot rooms. {NS}
Interviewer:  Is he baptist too?
030:  No he belongs {D: to holding his} church.
Interviewer:  And uh do you know much about his parents?
030:  Yes. They uh I know his mother came from Cleveland. His father came from Oklahoma. They met here in Knoxville.
Interviewer:  Now have you traveled much?
030:  Well a little. I've uh stayed in Detroit for two years. I've um lemme see I've been to Atlanta. All the close towns around. I
Interviewer:  How about you when when were you in Detroit?
030:  Uh in from the time I was {NS} uh n- from time I was nineteen until I was twenty. Twenty-two almost.
Interviewer:  Or how did you happen to do that?
030:  I was having family troubles, and I wanted to just get away #1 and #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
030:  if I had stayed here well my you know like my mother never didn't believe in separations and divorces #1 and #
Interviewer:  #2 I see. #
030:  #1 I had a uncle there, and I asked if I could come and he said yes. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
030:  #1 I didn't tell anybody. I just went after I got his permission. #
Interviewer:  #2 I see. Okay. # Now that was in um uh
030:  Oh lemme see.
Interviewer:  #1 Well how bout if it uh about twenty, twenty-one years ago twenty years ago in the nineteen fifties. #
030:  #2 Mm-hmm. # Yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh did you- where did you live in Detroit?
030:  I lived on {B}
Interviewer:  you know what that neighborhood was called? generally {X}
030:  No, but it was when I was living there it was uh kind of um mixed neighborhood because #1 uh it was mostly Jewish on that side, and they were moving out and then negroes were moving in. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
030:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 # Now, and where is this community now where do where is uh {B} Is that near is that that's you said in East uh
030:  No. {X} Well it's like what they call in Park City. It's between Park City and Burlington.
Interviewer:  Between Park City and Burlington.
030:  Yeah. Because you don't know where one takes up and uh feeds off another one takes up.
Interviewer:  And this county is?
030:  Knox.
Interviewer:  And the state?
030:  Tennessee.
Interviewer:  And the date today?
030:  The twenty-ninth.
Interviewer:  Okay now just start with some of these um oh how would you describe the weather today?
030:  Lovely beautiful day. #1 I like it. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. # Uh the uh uh a day uh how would you describe a day like yesterday?
030:  Dull and dreary. #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. # And if something happened you said today was the twenty-ninth of March nineteen seventy-two. If something happened on the twenty-ninth of March nineteen seventy one you said that happened just?
030:  A year ago.
Interviewer:  Okay and if a little child is this many you'd say he is?
030:  Three.
Interviewer:  Three.
030:  Mm years old.
Interviewer:  Okay and if the weather has been um #1 These are just some odds and ends I've gotta get out of the way first. There's no #
030:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  #1 con- there's some a little continuity here but this these are just some odds #
030:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  If it's been um if the weather has been fairly nice and then suddenly it starts to uh uh get cloudy and so forth you might say the weather is?
030:  Um rainy again or um it's gonna be dreary.
Interviewer:  Okay would you I mean would you ever use anything like breaking or gathering or changing or threatening?
030:  Uh sometimes when uh I would say I'd be glad when the weather changed so that it'll stay a bit warm stay warm instead if being cool one day #1 and hot the next. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
030:  #1 Cold at night and you dress at cool in the mornings and then you dress and later in the day you're too warm uh make you too uncomfortable. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. Alright. # And the? uh big white things up in the sky are?
030:  The clouds. {NW}
Interviewer:  And on a a day uh if it's been cloudy very cloudy and and and then you look up and you see a little patch of blue up in the sky you might say I think it's going to?
030:  Clear up. {NW}
Interviewer:  Now um if it uh the uh if you have a heavy rain of short you know it doesn't last very long but it really comes down what would you call that?
030:  Oh it rained like the devil this
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
030:  #2 morning. {NW} #
Interviewer:  And if there's thunder and lightning, you'd call that a?
030:  Storm.
Interviewer:  Alright and uh if you're talking about the wind you'd say the wind really?
030:  You mean like it's uh it's pretty wild or heavy today.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
030:  #2 Real windy today. #
Interviewer:  Yeah the wind really what hard?
030:  It blew hard.
Interviewer:  Sure and the uh and if it's now we talked about a storm how about a lighter rain than that not quite a storm but?
030:  When it's um when it's misty or a steady rain.
Interviewer:  Alright and then something even lighter than a than a mist is there any or maybe not how about something uh do you ever use the term drizzle?
030:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Now when would that be?
030:  {X} Uh well just like it's a drizzle today.
Interviewer:  Right. Is that more than a mist?
030:  N- uh yeah a drizzle is a little bit heavier than a mist. A mist is just a little heavier than a fog.
Interviewer:  Okay and then if there's a lot of fog you'd say it's really uh
030:  Foggy.
Interviewer:  And if it doesn't rain for a long time?
030:  Uh it is dry.
Interviewer:  #1 And if it doesn't rain say for a month you'd say we're? #
030:  #2 We're having a drought. # #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. # And if the wind hasn't been blowing and then suddenly you'd say the wind is?
030:  Blowing.
Interviewer:  And then it's just starting to you might say it's if it's getting started I mean do you ever use the expression like picking up or breezing on or rising or coming up or?
030:  Uh well s- I well sometimes I said it seem like the wind is getting up a little.
Interviewer:  Okay and then after it's been blowing hard and then starts to
030:  Calm down.
Interviewer:  Okay and if you look out in oh in the late in the fall of the year it hasn't snowed you see that white stuff on the ground you might say it looks like we had a
030:  A heavy fog this morning.
Interviewer:  Okay and then the white stuff on the ground?
030:  I mean frost, yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 Sure. #
030:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  That's right and then but then as the temperature drops way down you might say uh the the water in the lake?
030:  Uh you mean freezing?
Interviewer:  Yeah and then the the water in the lake {NS} when it's freezing the water
030:  #1 It's freezing cold or something. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah and then the water then when you can skate on it # #1 you say the. Yeah #
030:  #2 It's frozen. #
Interviewer:  Okay uh and you say um um so last night when the temperature dropped way down there you say the water in the lake something over do you ever use that expression?
030:  Oh froze over.
Interviewer:  Froze over. Now do you have a name for a thin uh covering of ice that just barely when it's just
030:  #1 Oh like uh when you walk out and it's crunchy? #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
030:  Um usually um if it when we're talking about it around the house we might say uh it's slippery as glass outside, so be careful while you're walking in the grass. It's so crunchy. #1 Something like that. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. # Okay now the um and the uh now I wanna ask you something about the the house did you did you live in the same house all the time when you were a child? uh when you were from the time you were very small until you you grew up
030:  #1 I lived in the same house from the time I was I would say about four until I #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh. #
030:  moved out of out of that house into my own house.
Interviewer:  I see. Well would you tell me about the the uh uh uh the the rooms of that house what I'd like you to do is to draw just here just to draw a little floor plan just nothing elaborate but just a little floor plan and tell me what those rooms were called
030:  Okay.
Interviewer:  #1 and the direction of them and so forth well that's just a box you know that's uh #
030:  #2 But I can't draw it out. {NW} Okay well really # {NS} Like this you come up the steps to the front porch. We had a pretty large front front porch on it.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
030:  You came into the living room. This was the first room in here. Off of this room was my mother's bedroom. You went straight through this door was a door coming in right here and then straight ahead off the living room was another door just a little past this room. #1 And that was uh my sister's bedroom. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
030:  And right over here was the kitchen. Out on the back porch was a bathroom. Right there like that.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
030:  It was just um #1 One uh one two three four house. You know like the kitchen and #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm. Mm-hmm. # You mean just the one room one behind the other
030:  Yeah or even you could say uh one on each side of the other you know.
Interviewer:  Was there a hall down the middle?
030:  No. No hall. You just came in.
Interviewer:  And there were doors?
030:  Doors but no hall.
Interviewer:  If the doors were all open, could you see all the way through the house?
030:  No because now if you were in the living room, you could look #1 in the living room through our bedroom out the back window in the back yard. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. I see. #
030:  #1 And you could do the same thing from my mother's room, but you would look through the kitchen win- you could stand in her room and look through the kitchen window. #
Interviewer:  #2 I see # #1 I see. Okay. I see. Yeah. #
030:  #2 And the uh back end. #
Interviewer:  That's okay I know I just wanted to get the the layout. That's okay. Now the um uh how many brothers and sisters did you have?
030:  I only had one sister.
Interviewer:  I see and so there were just four of you living
030:  Yeah but see my father died when I was uh about five years old.
Interviewer:  #1 I see. Right after you moved into this um very shortly after I see #
030:  #2 Yes. Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  Um. Uh did what kind of heating did you have in that house?
030:  Fireplaces at first.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
030:  #2 Then we moved up to a warm morning heater. #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
030:  #1 And the cook stove and that #
Interviewer:  #2 What was a warm morning heater? That's interesting. #
030:  That's a coal stove.
Interviewer:  I see.
030:  Uh-huh. #1 And you know like they had uh they were heavier uh than the uh the regular coal stoves and um #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. Uh-huh. #
030:  #1 Well you like some people had wood heaters, #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
030:  but we had uh this heavy
Interviewer:  #1 I see. Now #
030:  #2 coal stove. #
Interviewer:  Did um uh did have uh do you remember the fire place?
030:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Uh the smoke went up the?
030:  Chimney.
Interviewer:  And then uh on a um uh out in the front of the fire place #1 the part that comes. Uh-huh. #
030:  #2 On the hearth, right? Yeah. #
Interviewer:  And the two things in the fire place that held the logs in place?
030:  #1 Uh no we didn't have that we had uh we had a grate. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. # I see. Did you ever hear of those things?
030:  Um.
Interviewer:  I was wondering what you'd call them.
030:  Uh I don't know lemme see. I know what you're talking about, but I don't know what you call it.
Interviewer:  Well let me just give you
030:  #1 Oh ant irons. Yeah, yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. # What's that now?
030:  Ant irons.
Interviewer:  #1 Sure and then the thing on the top of the fire place that you might put things on? #
030:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
030:  #2 #
Interviewer:  Over the top there might've been a
030:  Oh, a mantle. A shelf.
Interviewer:  Yeah now what would you call that? That's
030:  Both of 'em. Mantle put something on the mantle uh #1 don't lean on the shelf. Of course, you haven't heard that enough. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay, okay. # Did you ever call uh did you ever hear it called anything else other than a mantle or a shelf? Have you ever heard it called a fireboard?
030:  No.
Interviewer:  No? Okay and a large log in the fireplace? What what would you call that?
030:  #1 Uh well we never burnt any wood or logs. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
030:  But and if I don't know if it was
Interviewer:  What did you burn in the fireplace? #1 Coal? Oh oh have a grate for sure so that was a stake. #
030:  #2 Coal. Mm-hmm #
Interviewer:  I see. Um how did you get that fire started?
030:  Uh {NW} you mean #1 how uh well just paper and wood on top of it and #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
030:  #1 put the coal on and light it. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. # Uh and then now when you had that uh uh that stove later #1 The uh um #
030:  #2 Uh-huh. # The warm morning heater.
Interviewer:  Warm morning heater. Now did that how did they uh how did the smoke get out of that?
030:  It went out through the chimney.
Interviewer:  Oh that was uh also attached to the chimney?
030:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Now did you ever have a uh now did a uh how about the cook stove in the kitchen?
030:  Yes, we had one.
Interviewer:  And what was did that where would where did the smoke go out there?
030:  Uh out the chimney ya know it all they were uh well see like it was a fireplace #1 in the back bedroom where we slept was a fire place in the living room and there was a fire place in my mother's room, #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
030:  #1 so therefore it had you know it had chimneys all over the place only #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
030:  when you looked at it on the outside it just had two but it had two #1 uh places where the smoke. Mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  #2 As they all came together uh-huh. # Did uh did you ever have uh uh any kind of a stove that had a pipe on it?
030:  Yes, all of them had #1 pipes with dampers on 'em. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. # Did you ever have to get in there and clean the stuff out of there?
030:  Oh man. Yeah. #1 {NW} Oh, did we ever. Yes. #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} Uh-huh. Okay. # And what was that what's that stuff called that you have to clean?
030:  Soot.
Interviewer:  Alright and the stuff you had to clean out of the fireplace?
030:  Ashes.
Interviewer:  Okay and you're sitting in a?
030:  Chair.
Interviewer:  And the color of this paper is?
030:  White.
Interviewer:  And this this piece of furniture like this what would you call it?
030:  A couch.
Interviewer:  Now are there any other pieces of furniture similar to this that might have different names?
030:  Yeah, there's some people call them davenports. Uh and um like some of them make beds and people some people call them day beds.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
030:  But um we usually calls that call that the couch.
Interviewer:  Uh huh now uh did you ever did you ever hear it called a sofa?
030:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Would that be about the same thing?
030:  I think so because usually when you uh see it advertised in the paper that's all they call it is a sofa.
Interviewer:  Okay now what kind of furniture did you have in the bedroom?
030:  Um uh a bed, a dresser, a chest of drawers, and uh well that's about it.
Interviewer:  What's the difference between the dresser and the chest of drawers?
030:  {NW} Mm. Well one had the mirror on it and that made the big difference and other other one was just drawers that you put your clothes in.
Interviewer:  Is that the the the dresser had the mirror on it?
030:  Right.
Interviewer:  Okay now did you ever have a piece of furniture in the um uh in the bedroom that was uh where'd you hang the clothes?
030:  In the closet.
Interviewer:  Now that was that had a door on it?
030:  #1 Yes. #
Interviewer:  #2 Built into the wall. #
030:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 Did you have something like that have you ever seen those? #
030:  #1 In a chifforobe? Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. #
030:  I've seen 'em, but we never had one. Uh the closet in our bedroom was pretty big.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh and you called the other a?
030:  Chifforobe.
Interviewer:  Right now the um uh so all of these things are different pieces of?
030:  Furniture.
Interviewer:  And the um uh the things you pull down over the windows?
030:  Shades.
Interviewer:  And the above the was there any living space up above this uh uh? was the roof just flat on there or was there could you get up above the
030:  Oh in the attic?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
030:  Uh no um #1 I'm pretty sure that it it wasn't flat it went up in a point like this, but #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
030:  Um we never had as bad as we uh we never did make it up there.
Interviewer:  Now what what uh uh uh what was the the kitchen like could you kinda describe that for me?
030:  #1 Well #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
030:  At first we had a nice box, you know, and then a kitchen cabinet and the stove and the table and five chairs. We only had five chairs. We never had six. I never knew
Interviewer:  #1 why, but we had five and uh the sink, you know. #
030:  #2 Uh-huh. Uh. #
Interviewer:  Uh did you uh where did your mother keep her um uh oh things like um uh Did she have uh was there anything like a room?
030:  A pantry?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
030:  No.
Interviewer:  Alright and um the uh the place did you have uh did you have you didn't have any other room that was where you keep old worthless furniture or anything and things that you just hadn't
030:  Oh we had a garage up in the back. #1 Uh but it wasn't connected to the house or anything. #
Interviewer:  #2 I see. # What would you call that old worthless furniture?
030:  Antiques.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
030:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  Or stuff that where that now antiques?
030:  Uh it's #1 well now you know like it's anytime anybody buy uh give away something or sells something, it's old junk. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. #
030:  #1 They don't want it anymore. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. #
030:  #1 But then somebody else come right along looking says well I'll buy this and when you see it again it's an antique. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. # #1 I see. {NW} Right. #
030:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  That's good uh every um uh around the house uh um wife uh kids might get up every morning and go around and?
030:  Dust.
Interviewer:  Clean. Would you use something like in other words up in it maybe she the house she
030:  Clean up.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah, that would be right. #
030:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  And now they use vacuum cleaners a lot but before they used to use a?
030:  A sweeper uh #1 A broom? Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 Sure, that's a # Now if something were dropped back here and I'd say where is this and you'd #1 say it's? #
030:  #2 Behind the couch. #
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
030:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  And on Mondays women traditionally did their?
030:  Washing.
Interviewer:  And on Tuesdays?
030:  Ironing.
Interviewer:  And together it was all called the?
030:  Uh you mean on wash days?
Interviewer:  Well, it yeah that's good or what I was thinking is what you call uh maybe a term that would cover both washing and ironing?
030:  I don't know. Lemme see. See now I could do it for today but I can't do it for right then cause when you wash now you go to the laundromat.
Interviewer:  Yeah. #1 {X} #
030:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 Now that's kind of the word I was thinking of how you use the word. #
030:  #2 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  A a word that you'd use if you just took the clothes into town, you'd take 'em to the
030:  Laundromat.
Interviewer:  #1 Or uh that's where you do it yourself but if you were gonna take it and they do it for you? #
030:  #2 Yes. # To the laundry.
Interviewer:  Alright. And now uh you've showed me this uh this porch on the diagram now was that flat on the ground or was it?
030:  #1 No, it was elevated you had to go up about four you had to come up about four steps. #
Interviewer:  #2 Elevated. # Okay, and how did you get up to the attic?
030:  I don't know um you know like it wasn't what you would call enough room so that you could make um #1 a room out of it it was just a uh #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
030:  a roof of the house.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh and there was no really no way to get up there? #
030:  #2 Or something like that. #
Interviewer:  #1 No ladder? #
030:  #2 That's right. #
Interviewer:  Um what would you call steps inside the house like going up to the second floor? Did you have a special uh name for that?
030:  Upstairs but
Interviewer:  Okay and if the door were open and you didn't want it that way you might tell someone please?
030:  To close the door.
Interviewer:  Or another way is?
030:  Uh shut the door.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
030:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  And on a frame house was was this a frame house?
030:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Now did was there anything uh nailed on over the the uh the wood as a protective covering?
030:  No.
Interviewer:  You know what I mean?
030:  #1 Uh. #
Interviewer:  #2 Know what that's called? #
030:  You mean like aluminum siding?
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah or siding or maybe weather. #
030:  #2 or something like # Uh weather board #1 or stripping or whatever they call that. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah, yeah. # Now if um talking about uh say have you been in uh uh the uh in an oh let's see uh in Maryville recently? Say oh I got in my car yesterday and I down there
030:  #1 I drove to Maryville. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. # And I have many times. I've
030:  Uh driven.
Interviewer:  Sure and the on the on the you talk about the roof of the house now when the water when the water runs #1 down okay. #
030:  #2 Down into # in the gutters.
Interviewer:  Okay and then uh the then the water goes down the?
030:  Drain.
Interviewer:  Okay they uh uh you had a garage. Did you have any kind of a of a shed? Um.
030:  No. #1 Well the garage was divided into two parts, you know, like #
Interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
030:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 #
030:  one side was big. On the other side we kept uh #1 coal and stuff like that. Wood. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. # And the um uh now you had indoor plumbing all the time. What
030:  No, well it no it was it was connected to the house but you had to go out of the house to get
Interviewer:  #1 I see. #
030:  #2 to it. #
Interviewer:  Now what did you you call that? The
030:  The toilet.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
030:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  Now were they when they used to have them separated really separated
030:  They called that outhouses.
Interviewer:  Did you ever hear any other terms for it other than that?
030:  No. Privy. #1 Yes, I did. Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. # Okay. Uh say yes I
030:  Heard it.
Interviewer:  Okay um and um talking about um smoking cigars I don't smoke cigars, but he
030:  Does.
Interviewer:  Um and if you're not certain about something you say well maybe I'm I'm just?
030:  #1 I'm uh #
Interviewer:  #2 I'm #
030:  I'm not sure.
Interviewer:  And you say uh I don't think so but some people
030:  I think some people might.
Interviewer:  Or some people think
030:  Some people think so.
Interviewer:  Okay and uh and the uh um building you live in you said was a?
030:  A house.
Interviewer:  And the plural of that two of those would be two
030:  Houses.
Interviewer:  Now what other out buildings are there on a farm? You know what other what other buildings do you think about when you talk about a farm?
030:  Well like a barn. Um. I don't know. I don't know too much about farms.
Interviewer:  Okay uh do you know what they call that part above the barn where the hay is kept?
030:  In the loft.
Interviewer:  Sure. And um when the hay is piled up out in the field do you know what that's called? The hay?
030:  The hay stack.
Interviewer:  Sure and the um uh place where uh the uh um the hogs are kept?
030:  Like the hog pen?
Interviewer:  Okay and where they might have a place where the stock the hogs or other animals could get out and kinda run around?
030:  Um what they call that? Let me see. Out in the fields?
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
030:  #2 No? #
Interviewer:  Well it would be now a place where they go out and graze is called a where the cows are allowed to
030:  Out in the pasture.
Interviewer:  Yeah now but then there's a um maybe a smaller thing right in the um uh um ya know right I was thinking something like a a a cow lot or a hog lot or a #1 stable lot or a barn yard or any of those sound familiar to you? #
030:  #2 Yeah. # Yeah I mean yeah well I guess I've heard all the terms, but #1 you know when you're not just really you hear no no you don't know what they're talking about really. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. # Okay.
030:  You you have a picture in your mind and you say well yeah I #1 think I know what they mean, but you don't ever come out and say it. #
Interviewer:  #2 Sure. # How about a place where milk and butter is made? What do they call the company like that?
030:  A dairy.
Interviewer:  Yeah, now does that word mean anything else to you in relation to a farm other than just a kind of like a a company?
030:  Uh no more or less. Uh well #1 like a cow you know like milk that's that's about that's uh #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. Yeah. # Okay now the um um let's see. Would you name some different kind of fences? What you'd see out in a out in a field.
030:  Out in a field?
Interviewer:  Or in town. Both.
030:  Like chain fence or? I don't even know what they called that's what they where they keep #1 in the corral uh but that's not the name for the fence though is it? #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. No. # Well I was thinking of things like a rail fence or a wire- You had different kinds of wire fences. #1 You know with kind of the sticky things on it? #
030:  #2 Yeah yeah um. # What do they call it now? I should know because I've been cut by one. {NW} #1 I can't think of it. #
Interviewer:  #2 Was it barbed wire or #
030:  Barbed wire. Yes.
Interviewer:  Yeah and how about uh either picket or pailing fences?
030:  {D: I think it's a picket fence.} #1 But I don't know about pailing fence. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay and # they um uh they sometimes talk about a they call it a things like these big things like they sometimes call them poles they sometimes they sometimes call them things that a the telephones lines run?
030:  Telephone pole.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
030:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Pole or post? #
030:  Telephone post.
Interviewer:  Alright and say there are two of them you'd say two telephone
030:  Posts.
Interviewer:  Alright and so and a and a a wall or fence made of loose rock or stone?
030:  A wall or a um let me see. Usually if it's you know like like if this is a counter and it's a yard behind there, we just call it a wall.
Interviewer:  Okay now the uh expensive dishware is called?
030:  China.
Interviewer:  Yeah and a uh something you you uh carry water in a handle?
030:  Pail.
Interviewer:  Alright. How about if it's made of wood?
030:  #1 Bucket. #
Interviewer:  #2 Would you still call it? # #1 Okay called it a bucket. #
030:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  How about something you might use to go if you're gonna go out and slop the hogs?
030:  Well you do that with a bucket.
Interviewer:  Okay and what would you call that any special kind of bucket?
030:  Slop bucket.
Interviewer:  Okay and the um uh thing you fry eggs in?
030:  A skillet or either frying pan.
Interviewer:  Alright. Did you ever see these with legs on them?
030:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Now would you call that something different?
030:  A kettle. Uh well
Interviewer:  #1 But that'd be bigger, wouldn't it? #
030:  #2 Be yeah # Much bigger but see now like #1 uh my skillet has legs on it, but it's electric one. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. # #1 Sure, that's right. Sure. #
030:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  Um now the uh something you put cut flowers in?
030:  A vase.
Interviewer:  And something now you have a kettle, but if you were gonna boil potatoes for example you might put them in a kettle or you might put them in a?
030:  Pot.
Interviewer:  Yeah and the three utensils you eat with are uh?
030:  Spoon, knife, and a fork.
Interviewer:  Alright you might have a butter and then a if you're cutting say you say you have two
030:  Uh knives?
Interviewer:  Yeah. And after dinner you say now I must what the dishes?
030:  Wash.
Interviewer:  And you tell hol- uh maybe you hold the dish under clear water after you've washed it you'd say you're going to?
030:  Rinse it.
Interviewer:  Alright. And a uh and then you use this to get the water off the dish.
030:  Dry it.
Interviewer:  With a?
030:  Dish towel?
Interviewer:  Okay and something you might use on your face when you
030:  #1 Uh. #
Interviewer:  #2 wash it? #
030:  Washcloth.
Interviewer:  Alright and you dry it with a?
030:  Towel.
Interviewer:  And the water in the sink comes out the?
030:  Faucet.
Interviewer:  Yeah and how about on the side of the house?
030:  Spigot.
Interviewer:  And how about on a barrel?
030:  #1 It's a s- #
Interviewer:  #2 You know like? #
030:  #1 Uh it's a spigot. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. Alright. # Um now the uh if you were pouring uh sugar or something from a larger container into a smaller you might pour it through something that looks like this?
030:  A funnel.
Interviewer:  Okay and uh something you might crack to race your horse on?
030:  A whip.
Interviewer:  Alright and if you were gonna buy if you went to buy a dozen oranges at the store the grocer might put them in a?
030:  Bag.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
030:  Sack.
Interviewer:  Or paper.
030:  A paper bag.
Interviewer:  Yeah, did you ever hear that called anything else?
030:  No. Um in a paper bag. Yes. I mean some they uh well no it's just that they come in different kind of bags you know like sometimes they already in a knitted-like bag.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
030:  #1 But they uh no but now it's plastic so you still call it a bag. #
Interviewer:  #2 Sure, did you ever hear it called poke? #
030:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Now is that did your parents use that term too?
030:  #1 I think uh my grandparents my grandmother did more than anybody she would always say #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
030:  uh go find the poke so I can put these things.
Interviewer:  I see and uh something now we talked about this before that something you put the uh you might have a spigot on this uh?
030:  Barrel.
Interviewer:  Yeah and then the if you had a hundred pounds of potatoes or something they might come in a great big?
030:  A croaker sack.
Interviewer:  Okay and the um um did you ever hear that called anything else?
030:  Um let me see. Yeah. Let me see. That's not what my grandparents called it at all. Not a croaker sack. They um they called it something else but it wasn't croaker sack. Let me see.
Interviewer:  They call it a toe sack?
030:  Yeah a toe sack. Any time something big uh or they were gonna put like uh when my grandfather would go get a watermelon, he'd say bring me the toe sack so I can put #1 bring the watermelon back in here. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. I see. # Okay now the amount of corn or meal uh that you might take to the mill at the same time you might be able to carry at one time you might call that a?
030:  Bushel?
Interviewer:  Alright and then uh up up here they here you have fluorescent lights but in a regular lamp you might have?
030:  Light bulbs.
Interviewer:  Alright and if you were gonna hang clothes out in the yard after you washed them you might carry them out in a
030:  Tub.
Interviewer:  {D: Or I bet?}
030:  Laundry basket.
Interviewer:  #1 Sure, fine. #
030:  #2 I I yeah. #
Interviewer:  Now it's something like uh this is just like a a a barrel really except it's much smaller nails and that come in these things.
030:  Nail. A keg.
Interviewer:  Sure and things that go around a barrel that keep the staves in place?
030:  The hooks.
Interviewer:  Yeah and something you put on top of a in the top of a bottle after you've opened it?
030:  A cork.
Interviewer:  Okay and a musical instrument. You blow in it.
030:  Harp.
Interviewer:  Did you ever hear that called anything else?
030:  Harmonica.
Interviewer:  Okay what did remember what your grandparents called it?
030:  Um no. I don't remember them I was gonna say Jew's harp but that's a
Interviewer:  Yeah.
030:  #1 a different thing altogether. #
Interviewer:  #2 Did you ever hear it called a French harp? #
030:  No, they used to always #1 just call it a harp. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. # #1 Okay and something you drive nails with is a? #
030:  #2 Uh-huh. # Hammer.
Interviewer:  And the part of a wagon that goes up between two horses?
030:  The spokes.
Interviewer:  Well yeah now now this uh this is your?
030:  #1 Tongue. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah, do you know what that is on the on the wagon? #
030:  It's the handle.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
030:  #2 I mean uh # #1 yeah I guess that's the handle #
Interviewer:  #2 Alright how are the {D: part} the um # the um you know the part which you call the part of the wagon in the people actually the horse actually pulls on?
030:  What, the body?
Interviewer:  Yeah okay and then uh if you were there was a big heavy log out in the field you know you wanna have to they had they had to take a mule or a horse or a tractor out there or something and hook it up and then you'd say they they what that log in the field yesterday they they couldn't carry it out they had to?
030:  #1 Drag it out. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yesterday they? #
030:  drug it out.
Interviewer:  Sure. And then something you use to break up dirt with when you're?
030:  A plow.
Interviewer:  Yeah, and something you break the dirt up into smaller pieces with?
030:  A tractor.
Interviewer:  Yeah, well this is something you pull by a tractor.
030:  Um. #1 Something pulled by a tractor? #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah, the tractor's # the tractor pulls this and it breaks up the dirt after it's been plowed into finer um pieces did you ever hear of a har or a harrow?
030:  Oh yeah.
Interviewer:  A harrow.
030:  I've heard of it uh yeah I've heard of it.
Interviewer:  Okay.
030:  But I don't think I've ever seen it.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
030:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  And something that you might use to to uh saw wood and put it on two #1 there are two #
030:  #2 Uh. # In a fort?
Interviewer:  #1 yeah it was a {X} but #
030:  #2 Is that what that? #
Interviewer:  Did you ever hear it called a uh
030:  A horse?
Interviewer:  No. Okay now sometimes the horses has that kind of A-frame.
030:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  This is an X-frame though. Those are old fashioned, shaped like this they put the log on there. #1 So then with all the #
030:  #2 I see. #
Interviewer:  saw a buck or a or a saw a jack or a saw a horse
030:  Maybe, I don't know.
Interviewer:  Alright you might use a comb in your hair or you might use a?
030:  Brush.
Interviewer:  And you and when you're uh #1 sharpening the straight razor they say sharpen the straight razor #
030:  #2 {D: On a strap.} #
Interviewer:  Okay and a fountain pen certain kind of some kinds of fountain pens you have these little things you stick you know when you replace the
030:  Uh fillers?
Interviewer:  Yeah and what're they sometimes called? Car-
030:  Oh cartridge.
Interviewer:  Sure and this is something children play with. One sits on either end and it goes up and down.
030:  See-saw.
Interviewer:  And another thing that goes around like this is sit on it and #1 goes around in a circle. #
030:  #2 Um. # Well now thats a whirligig. It has about
Interviewer:  Okay.
030:  A whole bunch of names for it.
Interviewer:  So what does a whirligig look like?
030:  Uh well it's um #1 made well it's like a see-saw with #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
030:  seats on its end. And you just kinda pump it and it goes around
Interviewer:  #1 Okay is this a mechanical thing? #
030:  #2 there. # Yeah.
Interviewer:  Now where did you see these?
030:  at my church in
Interviewer:  #1 Oh, I see. #
030:  #2 {D: Headworth}. #
Interviewer:  So these
030:  It's a toy that they ride around on, you know.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
030:  And it goes um more you you see you hold it like this.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
030:  And the more you push on it see and instead of it going up and down it goes around.
Interviewer:  I see.
030:  And then it goes up and down.
Interviewer:  I see. I see. Um now so when you had that coal coal stove you um uh you you might've had a little thing you keep a small quantity of coal in?
030:  In the {D: skook}.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
030:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  And this has one wheel and two handles.
030:  Wheelbarrow.
Interviewer:  And something you might hold in your hand to sharpen a knife?
030:  Uh whetstone.
Interviewer:  Alright and something on a {D: trebel} or a or a handle?
030:  #1 That's what they call it a whetrock. #
Interviewer:  #2 that you might #
030:  #1 or something like that. #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh, okay. # And if uh you're you're baking some biscuits or something, you might do what to the pan first?
030:  Grease it.
Interviewer:  Alright and so then you might say my hands now are awfully?
030:  Uh. Greasy.
Interviewer:  Yeah and so um uh and say you say yesterday I did what to that pan yesterday I? #1 Grea- #
030:  #2 Greased it. #
Interviewer:  Yeah and something you you um uh uh uh in a car you might take it in there and have them check the water and?
030:  Oil.
Interviewer:  Yeah and before they had electricity do you always have electricity in your house?
030:  Yes of course I mean I don't think they always had it but I don't remember when they didn't.
Interviewer:  Okay, but what did they have before that though? Do you know?
030:  Lamps.
Interviewer:  Okay and what did the lamps burn?
030:  Oil. Coal oil.
Interviewer:  Okay did you ever call that anything else?
030:  Kerosene.
Interviewer:  Alright now do you have a name for a makeshift lamp or torch made with a rag or bottle or can have you ever seen one of those?
030:  Uh I mean yeah like on TV.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
030:  #2 Mm-hmm. # Um Molotov.
Interviewer:  #1 Oh like a Molotov cocktail. Okay. #
030:  #2 Yeah, yeah. #
Interviewer:  The um uh toothpaste comes in a?
030:  Tube.
Interviewer:  And if you were going to uh when they after they build the boat they put it up and they, you know, they say they're going to what the boat? Put it out into the water {NS}
030:  Float it?
Interviewer:  Yeah or what?
030:  Launch it.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
030:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  And then what kinds of small boats do they have in rivers?
030:  Uh #1 Uh like canoes and #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. #
030:  I don't know much about boats.
Interviewer:  How about rook?
030:  Rook.
Interviewer:  You know like do you ever do you know the term bateau or row boat or jon boat?
030:  #1 Uh a row boat yes but not the rest of it. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. # If um one of your children was looking
030:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 uh # clothes you might say um here your clothes here?
030:  Uh here {D: Bert}.
Interviewer:  Here.
030:  #1 Uh #
Interviewer:  #2 Say # Say the whole thing. Here are
030:  {D: Bert} here's your clothes.
Interviewer:  Okay and um if you're not sure you're right about something but you think you are you might say to somebody I'm right you're not absolutely certain you're right you're kind of checking it as a friend you might say I'm right, but?
030:  #1 Uh yeah I might ask her do you think I'm right? #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. What'd you # but what I was getting at is would you say I'm right? #1 Ain't I I'm right aren't I'm right am I. Now which seemed? #
030:  #2 I would # like if I said I'd say uh #1 I know I'm right or I'm right, ain't I? #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # #1 Yeah that would be more sure that would be the most uh #
030:  #2 Like that uh-huh mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  um natural uh response. Now something a woman wears over her dress when she's cooking?
030:  Apron.
Interviewer:  And something this is a
030:  Pin.
Interviewer:  And something you use uh to to hold a diaper together?
030:  That's a pin.
Interviewer:  Alright and um do you uh on a on a cold day a person might put on a um um something over his where on
030:  A shawl?
Interviewer:  Yeah, or wear a big heavy?
030:  Coat.
Interviewer:  Alright and something that a man might wear between his coat and his shirt
030:  Sweater?
Interviewer:  Yeah, or this is something that matches the suit though.
030:  Oh, his top coat?
Interviewer:  Well this matches the suit and it's #1 it it has {X} sure #
030:  #2 Oh, a vest. #
Interviewer:  And these are?
030:  Pants.
Interviewer:  Alright and a uh if a uh someone you ask someone to bring something and the person says I have
030:  Uh.
Interviewer:  You say did you bring that and the person says yes I have
030:  brought it.
Interviewer:  And the um uh somebody asks how did that coat uh fit and they ask you the question you say oh the coat {NW}
030:  Uh like it was alright?
Interviewer:  Yeah, you'd say the coat
030:  Uh it fits fine.
Interviewer:  Alright, yesterday you say you might talking about yesterday you say does that coat fit? he said yeah it