Interviewer: In the time. Now you said uh just tell me once more who you are, I won't ask you again. 030: Uh. Interviewer: #1 I promise. # 030: #2 {NW} # Like a weasel or a snake or something. Interviewer: Okay. Now what do you call these um uh little animals that they run around and they climb up trees and they have bushy tails? 030: squirrels Interviewer: yeah and then um and are there any different kinds of these that you're familiar with? 030: uh n- n- only that I read flying squirrels Interviewer: alright 030: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Are they all the same color? # 030: I think one is a little darker than the other some of 'em are gray Interviewer: yeah 030: and some of 'em are brown Interviewer: okay um have you ever heard of a mountain boomer? 030: no Interviewer: alright uh what do you call these little ones that never get off the ground at all they just run around 030: I didn't even know there was any #1 kind # Interviewer: #2 Okay # like a chipmunk or a ground squirrel or a 030: a chipmunk I've heard of but not a ground squirrel Interviewer: alright and these things that have pearls in 'em when you open or break them open 030: oh oysters? Interviewer: yeah, and these things make a croaking sound they 030: frogs Interviewer: yeah and the uh the big ones that you find down along river banks or 030: uh call 'em {D: I think} uh uh they have a name for it but I don't know what it is is it a Interviewer: bull 030: bull frog but it Interviewer: and you know what the ones that always stay on the ground or on the land are called they never go in the water 030: no Interviewer: alright uh a toad 030: a toad frog yes Interviewer: or the little ones that after a rain sometimes you see great numbers of you ever seen those? 030: yeah um but I just still call 'em a frog I don't know Interviewer: okay and these things that are used for bait 030: uh like uh minnows Interviewer: yeah that's right and these other things you dig out of the ground 030: worms Interviewer: yeah do you have any special do you just call them generally worms or do you have special 030: no just worms Interviewer: okay and the um uh things with the hard shell 030: a turtle? Interviewer: yeah and the ones now are those in water or on land 030: uh in water and land i guess Interviewer: Okay, you don't have any special names for 030: {NW} Interviewer: and how about these things that see 'em in creeks branches where they crawl backwards 030: uh crayfish or Interviewer: Yeah. 030: crawfish Interviewer: Do you ever call 'em anything else? That's what I, exactly what I mean 030: no. Interviewer: These things that fly around a candle. 030: Uh uh gnats? Interviewer: These are bigger. 030: Um moths. Interviewer: Yeah and just one would be called one 030: Um a moth. #1 I think that's what they called. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # And these things that light up? 030: Lightning bugs. Interviewer: And these have long filmy wings and they fly around close to the 030: On wa- over water? Interviewer: Yeah. 030: I've seen 'em but I don't really know what they are. Interviewer: Well, have you ever heard of the, of any these terms? {NW} uh a dragonfly 030: #1 No. # Interviewer: #2 Or a # 030: I've heard of a dragonfly. Interviewer: Have you ever seen one? 030: Not that I know of. Interviewer: Have you ever heard them call it anything like a snake doctor or a 030: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 snake feeder or # mosquito hawk? 030: #1 Snake doctor I've heard of. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 Snake doctor? Okay. # I- is that what your your grandparents might have called 'em you think or? 030: Uh my grandfather I'm sure. Interviewer: Called it a snake doctor. 030: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Uh Uh the um uh um Could you name some different kinds of stinging insects? 030: Like mosquitoes Interviewer: mm-hmm 030: um Interviewer: Well the mosquitoes are fairly gentle compared to some of these other ones. 030: Oh um yellow jackets and bumble bees and bees Interviewer: And big brown what? wa- was- 030: Oh a wasp. Interviewer: Yeah. And now what would the plural of that be? 030: um Interviewer: Then what would the singular be 030: A wasp I guess. Interviewer: The plural would be the same thing? 030: Yeah to me I Interviewer: Okay. um and then these if you're walking around in the in the Have you ever seen the nests that any of these make? 030: Um {NW} yeah But I'm trying to think of what it was that made a nest over on my back porch, I know What do you call them? um Interviewer: um what? 030: Yeah. Interviewer: Was it a kind of dauper or dauber? 030: A dauber I guess. But this uh I've seen a mud dauber I seen this in the country. Interviewer: yeah. 030: Because this was in the house. Uh they make them in the house and any- everywhere. Interviewer: {X} 030: But the one what I was talking about they made this out on my back porch and it they don't make in the house. Interviewer: Ah I see. Okay. And how about these uh um What was that nest like? 030: Um hornets. that's what they were. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 030: I guess that what they call 'em. Interviewer: They sting though. 030: Yeah. Interviewer: #1 {X} # 030: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 Uh. # 030: #2 Very much. # Interviewer: The um now this is a kind of a bug you're walking out in the woods it gets under your skin. They dig into your skin. 030: Um chiggers. Interviewer: Yeah. Right. And then these things you're walking along in the grass you see them jump up all of the sudden. 030: Uh grasshopper? Interviewer: Sure. And then uh a nest wi- a the spider weaves. 030: A web? Interviewer: Yeah. and it okay would you call it the same thing indoors or out? 030: What, a spider web? Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 030: #2 Uh # Yeah. Interviewer: And then the parts of a tree that go underground. 030: The roots? Interviewer: Alright, and what kinds of trees grow around here? 030: well, magnolia um some oak i guess. uh some elm just I don't know. Interviewer: Okay. how about one that has a long it's a big gray tree with long kind of 030: A weeping willow? Interviewer: Yeah how about sycam-? 030: Sycamore? I yeah we have some of them. Interviewer: And George Washington chopped down a? 030: Cherry tree. Interviewer: And the kind of a did you ever hear of a shoemake's or shoemaker or a sumac? 030: Mm-mm. Interviewer: That's kind of a bush. How about something you get a rash from? 030: um ivy. poison ivy and poison oak. Interviewer: Okay. Do you know uh how they differ? From one another? 030: No, um not really. Interviewer: Okay so different kinds of berries. 030: {NW} like blackberries and mulberries and uh let's see, strawberries but there's one kind that that's a poison berry but I can't think of the name Pokeberry. Interviewer: Okay that's poisonous. 030: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Uh and then uh this is the you mentioned magnolia before and how about something similar to magnolia that starts with an R, a ro- rotor. 030: A ro- rodinia? Interviewer: Rhododendron. 030: Rhododendron. Interviewer: Yeah. Uh or a mount laurel, are you familiar with that? 030: Mm-mm. Interviewer: uh if a you're speaking about the man you're married to you might say, I must as my 030: Husband. Interviewer: And he might say I must ask my 030: Wife. Interviewer: And a woman uh whose husband is dead is a 030: Widow. Interviewer: And they uh uh those people that raised you, they were your 030: Uh grandparents. Interviewer: Yeah or your 030: Parents. Interviewer: Yeah and they were, the male was your? 030: grand- uh uh father. Interviewer: And the female? 030: My mother. Interviewer: And what did you call your father when you were a little girl? 030: Daddy. Interviewer: And your mother? 030: M-mama. Interviewer: Did you always call her the same thing as you grew up or did you? 030: N-no we've changed since my children grew up we call my mother now we call her Bertha. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What what do your children call you? 030: Cokey. Interviewer: Are they? Okay and how how come? Why? 030: That's my nickname. Everybody calls me Cokey and they've always. And I tried real early to get them to call me mama but they never did. Interviewer: What- what is- why Cokey? What's what's the uh is there? 030: I guess because Secolia is so hard to remember, I don't know. Ever since I can remember they've always called me Cokey. Interviewer: How do you spell your name? 030: S-E-C-O-L-I-A. Interviewer: Uh-huh got it. What was your maiden name? 030: Freeman. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And what was your mother's maiden name? 030: Chamberlain. Interviewer: And your grandmother? uh. 030: I don't remember. um. And I've heard it any number of times. Mm. I can't think of it. Interviewer: Wha- uh what did you call your grandfather? 030: Grandpa. Interviewer: And your grandmother? 030: I've always called her grandmother. Interviewer: And when you speak about your own offspring, you call them your? 030: Kids. Interviewer: Do you ever call them anything else? 030: My children. Interviewer: Alright. And you have a uh um a like a name that they give a child. they call that a 030: Nickname. Interviewer: Yeah. or like a pet- Did you ever hear the term like a basket name or a pet name? 030: Now pet name yes. Interviewer: And the thing you put a baby in when you take it out for a walk? 030: Um, stroller? or either a carriage. Interviewer: Yes. Are those two different things? 030: Yeah they're two different things. The stroller is one the baby sit in. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: It used to that, you know, they didn't lay back. Now they have strollers with the back let down so people put the younger babies in it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 030: And um Then in um um Carriage you know that's what the baby just a laid when they was real small. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. I see. Now if you take a baby out, you say you're going to go out and 030: Walk the baby? Interviewer: Alright. And uh your female offspring is your 030: Daughter. Interviewer: And she's not a boy but a 030: Girl. Interviewer: And when uh uh when a woman is going to have a baby, you say she's 030: Pregnant. Interviewer: Now have are there any any slang expressions? 030: Expecting. Interviewer: Any others that you can think of? 030: No. Interviewer: Alright. And a woman who who not a, I'm not talking about a registered nurse now. I'm talking about somebody who just happens to live in the neighborhood who might assist in the birth of a child. 030: um oh I know it. This is good cause my grandmother is one. She was um Interviewer: Mid- 030: Midwife. Interviewer: Okay. Did they ever call a well not was your grandmother really {X} but I was gonna say the. Do you know the expression a granny woman? or a gra- used in the expression they sometimes call midwives grannies. 030: Yeah. Interviewer: So but uh I mean, did any of the people in your in the neighborhood where your grandmother lived who weren't related to her call her granny? 030: Yeah. {NW} um Yeah, they, a lot of 'em called her granny. Interviewer: And, was that, do you think, was it because of her age more of because she was a midwife? 030: I, I guess I always just took it for granted that it was because of her age. I didn't Interviewer: Okay. And if a boy has facial features quite like his 030: {NW} Interviewer: Father's, you might say that boy 030: uh looked like his father. Interviewer: Alright. And if he behaves the way his father does, you say he's 030: The spitting image of his father. Interviewer: And if folks say that woman had a hard life. All by herself, seven children. she 030: Raised seven children. Interviewer: Okay. And a child born out of wedlock is called a 030: A illegitimate child. Interviewer: Have you ever heard any other uh slang expressions? 030: {NW} Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 030: #2 Bastards. Uh. # Interviewer: Okay, but now have you ever heard anything any Have you ever heard like a wood's cold or a Sunday baby or volunteer baby or any one of those? 030: No. Interviewer: Okay. And your sis- your relationship to your say your sister's son would be your 030: Uh my nephew. Interviewer: yeah. And a child both of whose parent's are dead would be a 030: Orphan. Interviewer: Yeah. And if the court had to appoint somebody, that person would be a 030: A foster. Interviewer: Or adopt 030: A- a adopted parent. Interviewer: Or a guar- 030: Godfather? Interviewer: A guard- 030: A guardian. Interviewer: Yeah that's it. and then um And all of the people related to you. you call them your 030: relatives. Interviewer: And if and if a person was was not related to you, you'd say well he's no 030: Kin to me. Interviewer: Alright. And the mother of Jesus, her name was 030: Mary. Interviewer: And uh George Washington's wife's name was 030: Martha. Interviewer: Yeah. And and if a girl's name was Eleanor, they might call her 030: Ellie. Interviewer: Or. Yeah. 030: Net- uh Nettie? I don't know. Interviewer: Sure. And a boy's name was William, they might call him 030: Bill. Interviewer: Or a little boy, they might call 030: Jim. Interviewer: Or Bill- 030: Billy. Interviewer: Yeah. And the first book of the new testament is 030: Genesis? Interviewer: Matt- 030: Matthew. Interviewer: Yeah. And if- if there was a man in the neighborhood who is a a part-time uh, untrained preacher. What might they call him? 030: A called preacher? or somebody called to preach? Interviewer: Uh yeah. Well I meant a- like a Have you ever heard the term for especially one who has no no no training at all but he's a 030: {NW} What they call a jack leg preacher? Interviewer: Yeah. Now what does a jack leg preacher mean to you? 030: A man who says one thing and does another. Interviewer: I see. So it's a hypocrite. 030: Yes. To me he well you when I would speak of a jack leg preacher it would, I would mean that I didn't wouldn't believe them. Interviewer: uh-huh. Would you, do you ever use the term hypocrite? Or, or not? 030: Sometimes. Interviewer: Uh-huh. But uh but. I mean a jack leg preacher is one. Would you ever use a jack leg for any other person in any other profession? 030: Doctors. I mean yeah, you know some people say that if I don't have um Well yeah, just about anybody like if he was um uh supposed to be a plumber but he wasn't I mean, what I mean he wasn't in the union or Interviewer: I see. 030: I would call him jack leg. Interviewer: Yeah. Would you call him a jack leg plumber or just a jack leg? {X} 030: Um. Probably I'd call him jack leg. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: You know like, if uh he would want to charge me as much as a regular Interviewer: I see. 030: plumber would I'd tell him no. Interviewer: #1 I see. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: But it's also somebody you you don't have confidence in. 030: Not too much, right. Interviewer: Okay. Okay. Good. Now, um, were there, now you mentioned a plumber and a doctor are there any others any other kinds of occupations that you can think of? 030: Lawyers. Yes. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: Yeah. I don't. {NW} Interviewer: You think of jack leg lawyers. 030: Yes. Interviewer: uh-huh. Okay, good. um. Now a man, the highest rank in the army would be a 030: A colonel? Interviewer: Higher than that even. 030: um. Major. Interviewer: Well, like, um 030: uh Interviewer: uh. A like MacArthur was like a or Eisenhower 030: Yeah, what were they? Interviewer: Gen- 030: Generals. Interviewer: Sure. Alright. And then, how about if a person is on a team you know, like on a basketball team they appoint one person as a 030: Captain. Interviewer: Yeah, now was, is, was that, you ever, is that word ever used in another, in another sense? 030: #1 Uh # Interviewer: #2 Where they call # Where they they might call somebody cap or captain? 030: yeah I I've heard it used as a like uh the head of a house you know I've heard people call their husband ask the captain #1 things like that. # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh. Okay, yeah. # Okay, good. now, a man who presides over a trial would be a 030: a judge Interviewer: Okay, and a, and a person going to school would be a 030: Student. Interviewer: Now would you use the same thing if they were going to elementary school? Like in the first grade? 030: Yeah, if it just uh if he just started to school he was a stud- he would be a student. Interviewer: Okay, and a, and a woman who takes dictation, you call her a 030: A secretary. Interviewer: Alright, and the members of the Knoxville city government are called the 030: Council. Interviewer: Alright, and those men are called the 030: City father. Interviewer: #1 Um # 030: #2 Yeah. # Councilmen. Interviewer: Alright. now the, and speaking of your nationality, you say, I'm 030: A negro. Interviewer: Yeah, or 030: Or I'm American. Interviewer: Now, what other terms are there besides negro that 030: Uh, usually just black. You know, like, I'm a black person. Interviewer: Yeah. now what other terms are there and I'd like to know how you react to them? And how you, what different terms you've heard? 030: #1 Yeah, and how I would feel about? # Interviewer: #2 Yeah right. # exactly. 030: Um like uh a friend of mine could come in and say hey nigga whatcha doing, but I couldn't accept it from you. Interviewer: Right, okay. Sure. Oh. 030: #1 And even though I would consider you my friend, I would just rather you wouldn't. # Interviewer: #2 Sure. # Okay, right. Alright, yeah. Now, but how about other terms besides? 030: #1 besides the # Interviewer: #2 uh um # 030: I might would, i might would say uh I'm colored. Interviewer: How do you feel about that exp- that? 030: #1 I can say it, but I don't want it- I don't wanna hear it. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # #1 I see. # 030: #2 Not really. # Interviewer: I see. Now, but I mean when you say it, do you say it in kind of a joking way? In the same way that, that you might? In other words, nigger and colored are pretty close? 030: Yeah, and you say this um it's just a joking word, you know and when people get, when you're angry with somebody. You know like, if you call them all nigger, well that you angry Interviewer: #1 yeah # 030: #2 then 'cause # you know this is not an acceptable word. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: And it's the tone of voice that makes the difference. Interviewer: I see. now are there any other terms? That, that's very interesting about colored because it depends, that's a generation difference. 030: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 because people # who are in their seventies for example, as a rule, don't mind that. 030: No, not really. Interviewer: And they, and some of them object to being called black. 030: #1 Really. They really object to it. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 030: They don't have to be in their seventies. They can be in their fifties. Interviewer: #1 uh-huh. # 030: #2 And they # resent being called black. Interviewer: How do you feel about the term black? 030: I accept it. It's alright with me. Interviewer: Yeah. Well it's weird that the counter of something you're going to use the term white. 030: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 Is that uh? That # That's a silly term. 030: #1 Who's white? I mean nobody's white. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} Yeah, uh-huh. # And nobody's black. 030: #1 no, I # Interviewer: #2 {X} best # I, I understand that. But, how how about some other a- abusive terms. That, that really, terms that you've heard, that, that racial slurs. That uh 030: You mean in the black race? Interviewer: Well, yeah, well that people would use. Uh, members of the black race. Especially people, especially might be used by whites. 030: Oh, like spook, or Interviewer: Yeah. 030: a booger or something like that. Interviewer: Yeah, have you heard any others? That's the kind of thing I meant. 030: None of 'em say- I don't hardly think so. Don't there are very too many more. Interviewer: Alright, how about the terms for whites now? 030: Oh, like uh, a cracker, or redneck. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: And things like that. Interviewer: Yeah. Now you know the term, we talked about this bird that gets up in the tree and 030: #1 Peck. A woodpecker. A pecker. Yeah, # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. Yeah, and have you heard words being? # 030: I've heard 'em call. I heard people call 'em old white peckers and Interviewer: Okay, now how about uh, um, any other terms that, that you can think of? 030: Now let me see Well generally I think uh A hoosier or a and uh seem to me like um the white race resents like if you call one old uh farmer, country farmer something he don't like that. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: I mean cause I don't like the other words either. Interviewer: #1 Right, sure. But now you said # 030: #2 I {NW}. # Interviewer: A hoosier now would that be? Would that be used for any white person uh or? 030: Uh if you are- if you're using it in a uh trying to #1 really hurt somebody or say something nasty. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # #1 Yeah, yeah. # 030: #2 about somebody. # Interviewer: So, I mean you might use that, I mean hoosier could be used just as nigger might be used. 030: Yeah, mm-hmm. Yeah. Interviewer: As- is this a general term and it wouldn't have to be a uh because now the uh. The other thing I want to ask you about is the How about the, well the most common term in the, especially in the, in the uh yeah among black militants. Like, like um What's his name? Rev Brown. 030: Uh-huh. Interviewer: what the and the and Stokely Carmichael. What term did they use all the time? for whites? 030: #1 uh... let me think. # Interviewer: #2 Sure you're familiar with it. # 030: What is it? Pig? Interviewer: Hon-, well 030: #1 Honkies yeah, the honkies. # Interviewer: #2 that's {X} # yeah, yeah is pig used across the board or strictly for police? 030: Strictly for police. Interviewer: #1 Okay, okay. # 030: #2 it's not across the board. # And it means any- anybody in a uniform. Interviewer: Okay. 030: {X} That word has no color. Interviewer: #1 Okay. Okay now the # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: the uh now you mentioned, almost all the terms you mentioned it's interesting that you mentioned, a lot of the terms that you mentioned are terms for that are frequently used for rustics or farmers like a um, a uh, uh, a cracker and a peck and a uh and a hoosier Are there any other terms for people out in the country that you might use? 030: No. Not that I think of. Well, I mean, not for me, because like I said, I don't like to use any terms don't even like Interviewer: #1 Right. Okay. # 030: #2 them, being used. # Interviewer: But I'm interes-, you see, what I'm interested in and the reason we're interested in this is because it really does give us an insight into the way the uh, the way people think. And the way you know the way Now what I'm get- Do you have any preference whatsoever between negro and black? 030: uh no. I would- either one of those. Interviewer: You don't- you don't- you don't regard negro as in any way Uh mean some young kids 030: Yea- oh yes. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: But you see uh when I was coming along Interviewer: Yeah. 030: you were a negro #1 you know, this is what you were. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah, yeah, yeah. # 030: #1 And now uh times have changed and it's not a # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 030: negro anymore it's #1 a black or I'm an African you know. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 030: #1 You could- they would say this rather than say negro because. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. Yeah. # Well how about the term like Afro-American? 030: #1 Oh that's another real acceptable word. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # Okay do you use that? 030: No, I don't feel like I'm an Afro-American. Interviewer: #1 Okay. Okay. Okay uh. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: The um uh. It was- I would say it was #1 You know do your uh # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: for a while that's exactly right. Now they um If if you wanted to um uh uh the um uh uh somebody was rushing you. you might say take it easy just just 030: Uh slow down a minute. #1 Uh hold up a minute. # Interviewer: #2 just a would you ever say just a? # 030: Just a minute. Interviewer: Yeah, and if you want to know the distance from here to to to uh oh uh Morristown you might ask someone how 030: How far is it from here to Morristown? Interviewer: And if you were scolding a child might you ever say now just look? 030: Just look a here a minute. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: Or just wait a minute. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: Yes, I Interviewer: Okay and if you want to know the number of times a person goes to Morristown every week you might say how? 030: How many times Interviewer: #1 do you go to Morristown? # 030: #2 yeah or how oft- # how often do you go? Interviewer: Alright. And I say I don't uh I really uh don't go up there much at all. And you agree with them. You say? Do I. I don't go up there. I don't. I'm not going to go I'm not going to go up there today. You say I'm not 030: Either. Interviewer: Alright and this is my 030: {NW} uh uh forehead? Interviewer: Yeah, and uh this up here is? 030: My head. Interviewer: And this is? 030: My hair. Interviewer: And if I grow what? 030: Beard. Interviewer: And this is my? 030: Ear. Interviewer: And which one 030: #1 You mean which one i- # Interviewer: #2 Which oh yeah I want you to say both # 030: Oh left or right. Interviewer: This bit. 030: This is my uh right ear. Interviewer: And the other is your? 030: My left ear. Interviewer: okay and this is my? 030: Mouth. Interviewer: And this is my? 030: Neck. Interviewer: And right in the part? 030: Is uh Interviewer: Might have a sore 030: Throat. Interviewer: And then this thing right here is a? 030: A goozle. Interviewer: #1 Okay uh and this is one? # 030: #2 {NW} # Tooth. Interviewer: And two? 030: Teeth. Interviewer: And above the teeth are the? 030: Gums. Interviewer: And this is the what of my hand? 030: Palm. Interviewer: And I make a? 030: Fist. Interviewer: Two? 030: Fists. Interviewer: And then the this is my? 030: Elbow. Interviewer: You take elbow wrist and shoulder and you say I have pains in the? 030: #1 In all of? # Interviewer: #2 My joints. # Yeah, exactly. And this is my? 030: Chest. Interviewer: And sometimes it's called a? 030: The breast? Interviewer: Yeah do you ever hear? What about that in a man? Is that? Is that uh? 030: N- I mean if I heard it I wouldn't Interviewer: #1 You'd think of it? Yeah. # 030: #2 I- I would think of it as being strange. # Interviewer: Well it's- it's old-fashioned. 030: #1 It is. # Interviewer: #2 That's oh sure I'm sure. # I talked to a man this morning uh seventy-one year-old man {X} for for a man. 030: Oh. Interviewer: But it it is that is a change. Now these are my? 030: Shoulder-blades. Interviewer: Yeah and or just my two? 030: Shoulders. Interviewer: Yeah and uh this is one? 030: Hand. Interviewer: Two? 030: Hands. Interviewer: And if um uh if a person if a person is right hand you say he's right-handed and the other way you'd say he's? 030: Left-handed. Interviewer: Any other terms for that that you can think of? Nicknames or expressions? 030: Uh there's the child of the devil. #1 {NW} I've heard I've heard that. Oh. # Interviewer: #2 Is there anything else? # 030: Uh let me see what else did I hear? #1 That you when you're left-handed you owe the devil something. Something like that. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # I see. I see. Now this is my? 030: Leg. Interviewer: Yeah and at the bottom of the leg is a? 030: A foot. Interviewer: Yeah two? 030: Feet. Interviewer: And this. If you kick her you kick in the? 030: Shin. Interviewer: Yeah and if you sit down on the backs of your legs like this you're sitting down on your? 030: Thighs. Interviewer: Or your hu-? 030: On your- on your um What is it? Uh the hunch? Interviewer: #1 Uh hunches? # 030: #2 Yeah hunkers. # A hunkers is a Interviewer: Yeah well that- that was the word I was thinking about before was honky. 030: #1 Yeah a hunky. Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Or hunky. # And then if uh if a person a man was able to lift up the back of a huge wagon by himself you might say he's really? 030: Strong. Interviewer: Would you ever use stout in that in that sense? 030: I've heard it used in that sense, but I wouldn't you know. Interviewer: And what does common mean? In terms of people. You're talking about people being common. 030: Well when they say a common person is one that uh always out somewhere doing you know {NW} um let me see how I can ma- if like if this room was full of people and maybe it was one boy that would come in that would talk loud you know make himself known over everybody. Where if nobody was really paying him any attention then I would call him he's too common. Interviewer: #1 He's common I see. So common then if a person # 030: #2 Yeah. # Interviewer: if you say a person is common that is not a Uh that's not a compliment. 030: No. And then and another. No it's not a compliment ever I don't think. Interviewer: I see. okay. What's the other way you were thinking of? 030: Uh you can get like you know get too familiar with somebody and they call it being too common with someone. Interviewer: Okay I see. Now if a a an older woman gets you know she's up in her eighties or something and she still gets around you say she's really what for her age? 030: Spry. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 030: #2 For her age. # Interviewer: Do you ever used the term piert? 030: No, but I've heard it. Interviewer: Okay. And if a a child says he wants the light on at night because he's what of the dark? 030: Afraid of the dark. \: Alright and another word a child might say I'm? 030: Scared of the dark. Interviewer: And um A person might say you used to be afraid the person says no I didn't. 030: #1 Used to be afraid. # Interviewer: #2 Say the whole thing. That's right. # 030: I used to I know I didn't used to be afraid. Interviewer: Alright and if a person isn't careful you'd say he's? 030: Careless. Interviewer: Yeah and if someone is very strange you might say he's what kind of a person? He's a? 030: Strange? Interviewer: Yeah. Other words that's the idea a person is just very- a You might say odd. or? 030: Yeah I might say odd or I've heard I've heard people say well you know he's kind of off. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 030: Simply because of he doesn't act or conform. Interviewer: Right so how about the word queer? 030: Yeah I've heard well I've heard it used. Interviewer: Heard what now? 030: Queer. Interviewer: #1 The word queer used. # 030: #2 Alright. # In more than one sense you know like they s- um. One- a man can be queer and that's a disgrace to him. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: And then a man can be queer and he can be a he can have a mental problem. Interviewer: Alright but you mean but the first way you mean a disgrace- you mean a homosexual? 030: #1 Yeah. Uh-huh. # Interviewer: #2 Alright. Now. # Now would because of that what I'm getting at is because of that would you avoid using the word queer? 030: #1 Yes. I would. Mm. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 You- you- you hesitate to say somebody was queer for that reason. # 030: #1 Yes because somebody'd misunderstood. # Interviewer: #2 Oh. # Okay and uh if a person you'd tried to explain something to someone and you just can't get it across to them no matter how you tried to to give them all the evidence they would possibly need but he still won't change his mind you might say don't be so? 030: Stubborn. Interviewer: Okay and if a person is easily offended you might he's awfully? 030: Um. Tenderhearted? Or. I don't know. Interviewer: #1 {X} # 030: #2 If he's easily # Easily offended? Touchy. Interviewer: Yeah that'd be fine. And a person who was touchy when you you tease them you say he got awfully? 030: Angry or upset. Interviewer: Um and a person who gets that way might I say to them just keep? 030: Calm. Interviewer: Alright. And if a person is uh uh worked all day says I'm really? 030: Tired. Interviewer: I'm all? 030: I'm wore out. {NW} Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: And a person who went out without enough clothes on in the winter might come in and have the stifles and say now you've gone and? 030: Uh caught a cold. Interviewer: Alright and talks like this you'd say he's? 030: Hoarse. Interviewer: Um and he has a {NW} 030: Cough. Interviewer: And a doctor might then bring some uh medicine and he looks at the bottle and might say to you haven't you? 030: Taken any of this. Interviewer: You say yes I? yesterday I? 030: I took some yesterday. Interviewer: And I will tomorrow. 030: I will take some tomorrow. Interviewer: And if a person can't hear you say he's? 030: Deaf. Interviewer: And if a a person works out in the hot sun all day and his clothing gets wet you say he yesterday he really? 030: Uh Perspired or sweat. Interviewer: Okay. And a large discharging sore that's very sensitive tender you know? 030: Yeah it's a a sore? Interviewer: Yeah. Well have ever use the term a boil? 030: Oh yeah. I've heard have having a boil. Interviewer: What's in a boil? What do you call that stuff that? 030: Uh pus. Interviewer: Yeah okay. Now the if a person is shot uh someone uses a gun and shoots someone you say that he suffered a bullet? 030: Wound. Interviewer: And have you ever? Have you ever seen a wound that didn't heal right and it gets a like a crust around the edge and it kind of stands up? 030: Yeah a infection? Interviewer: Well I mean proud. Have you ever heard proud flesh? 030: No. Interviewer: Never heard of that okay. That's an old-fashioned one. The um the uh something that when you were a child they used to use it all the time for to put on to prevent infection in a cut it burned it wasn't like a cure from this stuff burned. 030: Iodine. Interviewer: Yeah. And if a person is a uh he is alive today but yesterday he? 030: Uh you mean dead? Interviewer: Yeah and he- and so yesterday he? 030: Died. Interviewer: Yeah and you might not want to say the word die to a to a close relative of the person you might say I'm so sorry to hear that he? 030: Passed away. Interviewer: Alright any crude terms that you might have used when you were a child that they used to say about the old man? 030: The old man died or the dropped dead or something like that. Interviewer: okay and if you don't know the cause of death you might say I don't know what he died? 030: Of. Interviewer: Alright and the place where a person is buried is a? 030: Cemetery. Interviewer: And the- the thing the person is buried in is a? 030: Is a cast- casket. Interviewer: #1 Alright say that again. # 030: #2 {NW} # Casket. {NW} Interviewer: Okay and the uh and the uh the uh ceremony that they have after when they when they're going to bury someone is called a? 030: Funeral. Interviewer: Alright and if the family wears black you'd say they're in? 030: Mourning. Interviewer: Yeah and if a someone's troubled about something say everything will be alright don't? 030: Worry. Interviewer: And if a person has pains in their joints you might say he has? 030: Arthritis. Interviewer: Alright and uh this was a disease that was caused it's in the throat usually centered in the throat. Di-? 030: Diphtheria. Interviewer: Yeah, and this is something that causes yellowing of the uh the eyes. Yellow. 030: Yellow fever? Interviewer: Yellow j-? 030: Yellow jaundice. Yeah. Interviewer: Yeah, and you get a pain down the right side that might be a? Getting an attack of? 030: Appendicitis. Interviewer: And a person can't keep food down you might say he? 030: Uh threw up. Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 030: #2 Or uh # vomit. Interviewer: Alright what's the difference between throw up and vomit? I mean in terms of crudeness which is cruder? In your mind. 030: Um I'd rather not say vomit. Interviewer: Alright you think throw up? 030: #1 Yeah or wa- was nauseated. I would rather say that either way. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. Okay. # How about but you think throw up is less is less offensive? 030: #1 Yes. # Interviewer: #2 than vomit? # Okay and if he's you might the person who was that way you'd say he was sick? 030: At the stomach. Interviewer: Alright. 030: Sick on his stomach. Interviewer: Okay and if a young man is seeing a lot of a girl you might say he is? 030: Courting? Interviewer: Yeah and she is his 030: Girlfriend. Interviewer: And he is her? 030: Boyfriend. Interviewer: Okay. And if they were planning to get married and then suddenly uh she changed her mind you might say she? 030: Jolted him. Interviewer: Okay and but if she didn't they went ahead and got? 030: Married. Interviewer: Now a noisy serenade after a wedding, what's that called? 030: A noisy? Interviewer: Yeah just a a um 030: You mean when they're leaving the church? Interviewer: Yeah. 030: Something like Interviewer: Maybe I'm- They used to do this especially up in the mountains they'd do things yeah you might not be familiar with that but they do they do all kinds of of things to the bride and groom to they'd run them around on a rail and all kinds of stuff. But now that but now they but what what do you think of after a wedding? if if anything. Do you think of any kind of 030: #1 a celebration. Sure. Sure. # Interviewer: #2 Like a reception? Uh-huh. # And if you say who was there you say oh the whole? 030: uh family or Interviewer: You're talking about all the people. 030: Yeah the whole crowd. Sure. If they got played music and got out on the floor you might say that was the that there was a? Dance? Interviewer: Alright. And if um a person a boy was supposed to be in school but he didn't go you'd say he? 030: Played hooky. Interviewer: Now would that be all day or just one class? 030: All- well you- you can play hooky for one Interviewer: #1 class or all day. # 030: #2 Okay. If a person goes # Interviewer: to school supposedly to get a good? 030: Education. Interviewer: When he gets out of high school he might go on to? 030: College. Interviewer: And then and the first year of a person's schooling is called the? 030: In the primary? Interviewer: Yeah he goes out of out of kindergarten and 030: Into the first grade. Interviewer: Alright and he sits behind a? 030: Desk. Interviewer: And the plural? 030: Desks. Interviewer: #1 Okay and the place building we're in right now? # 030: #2 {NW} # A library? Interviewer: Yeah and the place where letters are mailed? 030: A post office. Interviewer: And a place where you'd get a room in a strange town? 030: Motel or hotel. Interviewer: Alright and a place where you'd go to see a film? 030: Movie. Interviewer: Or the-? 030: Theater. Interviewer: Alright and a place where you'd go to have an operation? 030: Hospital. Interviewer: And in there there's a d- there's a doctor and a? 030: Nurse. Interviewer: And if you're walking across a field or a yard or something not straight across but kind of off like that you might say you were walking? 030: At an angle? Interviewer: Okay and they don't have these anymore I don't think in in uh in Knoxville I haven't seen any but they used to have these tracks? 030: Uh street car tracks? Interviewer: And alright and so they {X} street car or train or a bus you might tell the the orderly you say I want the next stop? 030: Off at the next stop. Interviewer: Alright and in a you don't notice so much in this county but in another county a small {NW} a smaller population you might talk about the the uh one city in the county being the county? 030: Seat? Interviewer: Yeah but say the whole thing. 030: The county seat? Interviewer: Right. And a person works for the for the post office you say he works for the federal? 030: Government. Interviewer: And the police department is main- is kept is main- is there to maintain? 030: Uh Interviewer: What? 030: Law and order. Interviewer: Yeah and the war in eighteen sixty-five was called the? 030: Uh during the Civil War? Interviewer: Yeah did you ever hear any other names for that besides the Civil War? 030: Let me see. Mm. I read something about it but I don't remember what it was I'd have to think about it. Interviewer: That's okay. Now this is just some geography. I just wanted this is just all pronunciation. 030: #1 Mm. Okay. # Interviewer: #2 This is strictly pronunciation. # But uh um Rochester and Albany what state are they in? 030: Uh New York. Interviewer: Say the whole thing New York- 030: New York City. Interviewer: Alright New York State. 030: New York State. #1 {NS} # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # And Baltimore is in? 030: Maryland. Interviewer: And Richmond? 030: Virginia. Interviewer: Asheville? 030: North Carolina. Interviewer: And the state you were born or your parents were born in? 030: South Carolina. Interviewer: And uh the state that Atlanta's in? 030: Georgia. Interviewer: And the state that Miami's in? 030: Florida. Interviewer: And Birmingham? 030: Alabama. Interviewer: And uh where they have the Mardi Gras? That state. 030: In Louisiana. Interviewer: Yeah and the uh uh Louisville is in? 030: Kentucky. Interviewer: And the state we're in right now? 030: Tennessee. Interviewer: St. Louis is in? 030: Missouri. Interviewer: And Little Rock? 030: Arkansas. Interviewer: And Tupelo for example? 030: Mississippi. Interviewer: And Dallas? 030: Texas. Interviewer: Okay and Tulsa? 030: Oklahoma. Interviewer: #1 You get 100 on the states. Now- now I have some cities okay. # 030: #2 {NW} # #1 Uh # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # Now is may is sometimes very hard with with folk informants who've never been any place you know out of I mean they just have I just ask them to name some southern states sometimes and it's kind of like a shotgun. 030: #1 Um. # Interviewer: #2 But the # Alright and the big city in Maryland is? 030: Boston? Interviewer: Bal- 030: Baltimore. Interviewer: Yeah and oh all of those states up north you know Vermont and Maine are those are called the? 030: Northern Cities? Interviewer: Or the new- 030: New Hampshire states. Interviewer: New England. 030: New England states. Interviewer: Yeah and Boston is in ma- massa- 030: Massachusetts. Interviewer: Yeah and the- the seed of the federal government is in? 030: Washington? Interviewer: Say the whole thing. 030: Washington DC. Interviewer: Sure and the um the big city in Missouri is? 030: St. Louis. Interviewer: And the big city down on the coast in South Carolina is? 030: Let me see um Charleston? Interviewer: Sure and say it again that's right. 030: Charleston. Interviewer: Yeah and then the uh the some Name name some cities big cities in Alabama that come to mind. 030: Let's see Birmingham. I don't know too much about Alabama. Interviewer: Well the state capital is mont- 030: Montgomery. Interviewer: And the one down the coast is called um mo- 030: Mobile. Interviewer: Yeah and the big city in Illinois is? 030: Chicago. Interviewer: Yeah and the uh the city in North Carolina where your grandparents? 030: Asheville. Interviewer: Yeah and then the city we're in right now? 030: Is Knoxville. Interviewer: And two other big cities three other big cities in in Tennessee? 030: Memphis and Nashville. Interviewer: And chatt- 030: Chattanooga. Interviewer: Alright and the big city in Georgia? 030: Atlanta. Interviewer: Yeah and then the one down. What's that again once more? 030: Atlanta. Interviewer: Yeah and then the one on the one down on the coast? sa- 030: Savannah. Interviewer: Yeah and then do you know any other cities in Georgia? Col- 030: Uh n- Interviewer: Colum- 030: Uh Columbia? Interviewer: Colum- and then 030: #1 Columbus- is it Columbu-? # Interviewer: #2 And Ma- # 030: And Macon. Interviewer: #1 Georgia. # 030: #2 Yeah that's it. # Interviewer: And now where the the city where they have the Mardi Gras? 030: In Louisiana. Interviewer: In new- 030: New Orleans. Interviewer: Yeah and then there's another city right ne- fairly close to there called baton- 030: Baton Rogue. Interviewer: okay and the big city in Ohio down on the river cin- 030: Cincinnati. Interviewer: And the big city in Kentucky? 030: Uh Louisville? Interviewer: Right uh now if you're talking about the distance from here to there you'd say oh I'd say uh say it's one mile and then nine more you'd say it's ten? 030: Ten miles. Interviewer: Okay you had a choice of doing two things and I was going to do this but I did? 030: The other #1 or I changed my mind. # Interviewer: #2 In- I did the other in- # 030: Instead. Interviewer: Right and I'd say why do you like him and the answer is he's so funny you know it's I like him? 030: Because {NW} Interviewer: #1 Okay and the- the uh uh um # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: the church you belong to is the? 030: Baptist. Interviewer: Alright and a person becomes member- a member you'd say they went down and? 030: Joined the church. Interviewer: Okay and the supreme being is? 030: God. Interviewer: And in an oath the person might say my? My? 030: My God. Interviewer: Yeah and then uh the the minister preached a? 030: Sermon. Interviewer: And the organ played? 030: uh um songs? Interviewer: #1 Oh yeah and and # 030: #2 Music. # Interviewer: Sure and the uh now you mentioned before about a person who is left-handed was in the service of the? 030: Devil. Interviewer: Yeah now are there any other names for the devil? 030: Satan. Interviewer: Any joking names that you can think of? 030: No, when you say the devil you said it all. Interviewer: #1 Okay. {NW} Okay. Uh # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Was there ever a house in the neighborhood when you were growing up that was supposed that was an old house that kids were afraid of? 030: A- a haunted house. #1 yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # And what was supposed to be in there? 030: Ghosts. {NW} Interviewer: Any what else? Anything else they ever 030: #1 they ever used to? # Interviewer: #2 Uh haint. {C: pronunciation} # #1 Okay alright and if you s- # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: you might say I think I'll put on a sweater today because it's what? Cold it's? 030: Cool. Interviewer: Alright it's r- reh- If you had a choice of you'd say I'll do this if you insist but I'd really? 030: Rather not. Interviewer: Yeah and if um you said it's cool would you ever do you ever use the expression airish? Meaning cool? 030: Yeah. Interviewer: How would you use that? 030: Uh like I would go out to get the paper and come back and say oh it's airish out this morning. Interviewer: Okay that's that's... And how about the expression if you're talking about somebody having a large uh number of uh oh of something you couldn't count? A person had something you'd say much he has you might say he has much trouble or you might say he has a right what of trouble? 030: Uh. A right smart. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: of trouble. A right smart of trouble or let me see. Interviewer: That's the expression I want to ask you about though right smart. Would you ever use that for anything you could count? Would you ever say there were a right smart of chairs in this room? If there were say five more? Or ten more? 030: No and the reason I said right smart is because my grandmother says it all the time. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh # 030: #2 And she says # Interviewer: It would be but it would be limited to things that were that were uh uh 030: She would say right smart people down town today. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: Instead of saying the church was crowded it was right smart people out today. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 030: And of course. Interviewer: #1 She would say it that way. Well that's- that's interesting. # 030: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: And she was born there in that uh in that 030: No she was born in South #1 Carolina. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah, around McCormick. # 030: Yeah. Interviewer: And she must she was uh uh middle-aged probably by the time she moved to North Carolina then? 030: I would s- I guess I would imagine that uh Interviewer: Because your father was full grown when 030: yeah he came here. Interviewer: Yeah okay um if uh some- somebody did something very strange you might say why the very? 030: Idea. Interviewer: Yeah and how would you greet a an intimate friend? You'd say? 030: Oh like somebody I knew real well? Uh hello there uh hi where you been? Interviewer: Okay and how would you greet a stranger? 030: Hello. Uh how do you do or hello. Interviewer: Do you would you ever say how do you do or how are you to a friend? To a good friend? 030: No I would probably say how you been doing or how are you doing. Interviewer: Okay and if someone had been over to your house and and uh you wanted them to return you might say please? 030: Come to see me. Come back or come again. Interviewer: Okay and the reading on December 25th is? 030: Merry Christmas. Interviewer: And on January first? 030: Happy New Year. Interviewer: And if first they ask you if you're going to have time to do something you say well I 030: Might. Interviewer: I think. 030: I think so or either I Interviewer: #1 Might have the time. # 030: #2 Alright. # Interviewer: And the place where you buy food stuff is the 030: Grocery. Interviewer: And you say I have to go down town today and do some 030: Shopping. Interviewer: And you bought a package and the grocer 030: Wrapped. Interviewer: And then you took it home and? 030: Unwrapped it. Interviewer: And you bought something that it was a real bargain because the man had to sell it to you at a 030: Uh Interviewer: Less than he paid for it. He had to sell it to 030: #1 you at a? # Interviewer: #2 retail. # Or a? 030: Or at cost? Interviewer: Or a- well you say it was a total 030: #1 Loss for him. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # Now you would you ever use that in terms of or would you say below cost or 030: Prob- probably I would say below cost. Interviewer: Okay and if you didn't have enough money you might have to go to a? To a bank and? 030: Borrow it. Interviewer: Yeah. And during they thirties they say money was awfully? 030: Tight. Interviewer: Tight is good or also sc- 030: Scarce. Interviewer: Alright and and a little boy is going uh he's over at a river or a pond and he what in the water? He 030: Dived. Interviewer: Alright and yes- today he? 030: Dived in. Interviewer: Alright and the uh he turns over and gets on the floor gets over and? 030: Turns somersaults? Interviewer: Yeah turns what? 030: Summer-sets. Interviewer: #1 Okay thank you and then # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: he got in the water after he dived in he 030: Paddled or swam. Interviewer: Yeah and you say I have- across that river myself. #1 I have # 030: #2 I have swam across it. # Interviewer: Okay and a bonus or a gift for a purchase like if you bought something at the store and the grocer threw in something extra because maybe you paid your bill {D: the end of your bill or something} do you have a name for that? 030: Uh you said it like he gave me a Interviewer: #1 bonus because # 030: #2 yeah have you ever # Interviewer: {D: heard the word broatus?} 030: no. Interviewer: Never? Uh okay. They um if a uh if a boy was swimming and he went down for the third time you'd say he was? 030: Drowning. Interviewer: Yeah. You say a lot of kids in this lake last summer. A lot of kids 030: A lot of kids drowned in this lake Interviewer: #1 last summer. # 030: #2 Okay and a baby. # Interviewer: gets down on all fours and he? 030: Crawls. Interviewer: And you know a little kid gets down behind a chair or something he's playing a game with his parents they say he did what behind that chair? 030: Hid. Interviewer: Or he s-? 030: Uh.