Interviewer: Let's make sure it's going. Now, would you just give me your your full name first? 030: {NW} Sequoyah {B} Interviewer: And your address? 030: {B} Interviewer: And your place of birth? 030: Knoxville, Tennessee. Interviewer: And your age? 030: I am forty-four. Interviewer: And your church? 030: Mountain Zion Baptist. Interviewer: And your occupation? 030: Uh librarian. Interviewer: Now, tell me about your your formal education. Uh the uh ya know when you where where you started school and so forth. 030: Oh uh at Green School on Payne Avenue. And then I went to well uh it's {D: Vine Junior now,} but it was the high school then, and that's where I went. speaker#3: {X} Interviewer: What what part of uh of Knoxville is that? Is that near here? 030: No, it's in East Knoxville. Interviewer: #1 I see. How far is it from here would ya say? # 030: #2 Mm-hmm. # Um two miles or a little better uh it's about fifteen minutes drive. Interviewer: Alright, and how uh how uh did now when you finished the school that school. how old were you? 030: #1 I didn't finish high school. I left school when I was fifteen. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # I see. 030: Mm. {NW} And after I married. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Go ahead. 030: Then I had um well I was had a daughter. Then four years later a son. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: #1 Then three years later another son. Then seven years later a daughter, and two years later a son. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # Was it four? 030: #1 I have five child. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 Five. Five. # #1 I missed one there. Okay uh. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Now what uh how long have you been working in the library? 030: Uh well uh just two years. I've been well two and a half years really. I've #1 had to take special training for this. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # And where did you work before that? 030: Well uh before I came over here, I was a crossing guard. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: #1 Uh you know that's that's getting the children back and forth across the street for uh Green School I worked at Vine and Payne Avenue. # Interviewer: #2 Oh. Uh-huh. I see. # How long did you do that? 030: Eight years. Interviewer: And did you have a job any job before that? 030: Uh only part time working at Standard Knitting Mill. My mother worked there at night, and I just filled in. Part time. Interviewer: How'd you spell that then then? 030: What? Standard? Interviewer: #1 Standard. # 030: #2 Uh-huh. # Interviewer: Standard, okay. Uh and now you started as a crossing guard then when you were about uh about thirty-four? 030: Yes. Interviewer: And and you worked at the knitting mill before that? 030: Yeah, I oh I've been on {D: all going to tw- my twenties.} Interviewer: Okay. Okay. Now where was your mother born? 030: In uh South Carolina. McCormick, South Carolina. Interviewer: And where was your father born? 030: McCormick, South Carolina. Interviewer: Okay. And when did they move to uh to Knoxville? 030: Uh I think my uh sister was about ten months old when they moved here. So I don't know exactly what year. But I was born here in nineteen twenty-seven. Interviewer: Uh-huh. #1 And well how many years how how much older is your sister than you? # 030: #2 And # #1 She's two years older than I am. # Interviewer: #2 Alright # #1 so they just came here about a year before you were born? I see. # 030: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: And what about your um uh where is McCormick? 030: It's um let me see. {NS} I don't know what it's near. Uh well uh that's the main only town, and they lived way out. Interviewer: Did you ever were you ever out there or down there or? 030: Yeah I've been once uh no I've been twice my father's buried there. Interviewer: I see. 030: And last year we had a family reunion there in McCormick. Interviewer: #1 Is it up in the northern or the southern part of the states? Is it down near near uh near Charleston? Is it uh # 030: #2 No, it # It's near Augusta, Georgia. #1 It's close. You can go um yeah we we went to Augusta and it didn't take us a good hour to go about forty-five minutes drive. # Interviewer: #2 Oh, I see. I see. I see. # Uh how did your father happen to come to Knoxville? 030: Well uh I don't know why uh because all of his um brothers and sisters and his mother and father lived in North Carolina. #1 Maybe it was cause my mother's sister was here. I don't have any idea, but # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. Uh-huh. # 030: Uh all of his people were uh left South Carolina and went to North Carolina in Asheville. #1 And he was the only one that came here. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # I see. Uh did did your parents have much formal education? 030: No, I don't think so. I think about the eighth or the or from uh eighth grade for my mother and about the fifth or the sixth grade for my father. Interviewer: And what was your father's occupation? 030: Uh my daddy worked at uh at Miller's uh. He was a porter in Miller's, but he died quite young. Interviewer: What is Miller's? 030: #1 Uh this is Miller's uh Department Store on Gay Street. # Interviewer: #2 Oh. # and your mother you said worked at the knitting mill. 030: My mother worked at Standard Knitting Mill for uh about twenty-seven years. Interviewer: Now did you know uh your grandparents? 030: Yes um on my mm father's side. I never knew my mother's Interviewer: Uh-huh. 030: uh people, but on my father's side we used to go to Asheville every summer and stay three months with them. Interviewer: Oh, they live in Asheville? 030: Now, yes. My grandmother's still living. Interviewer: I see they oh uh and they went they then they went from they went from from McCormick up to Asheville, 030: Uh-huh. Interviewer: North Carolina. Um but then was she born in uh 030: South Carolina. Interviewer: They were born in uh your both your these are your father's par- 030: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 parents? # 030: M- my mother's mother were was born in South Carolina, and my father's mother and father were born in South Carolina. Interviewer: Your mother's mother? 030: And father. Yeah both all of 'em Interviewer: #1 All four of them? All # 030: #2 were. Uh-huh. # Interviewer: all um four in around McCormick? 030: Yes. {NS} Interviewer: Okay uh how did did they uh do you know much about their background their when they were they were small did they ever tell you much about their 030: Uh, who? My mother? Interviewer: Your grandparents. 030: No. No um you know no more than saying when I was a little #1 girl. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 030: we uh nobody would've dreamed of coming out with a short dress like this and things like Interviewer: #1 Sure. Uh okay. # 030: #2 that. {NW} # Interviewer: Now how about your husband? Now what's his age? 030: Um. The one I'm married to now? I well {NW} I haven't been married that long this time, but the one I was married to for twenty-seven years, let's talk about that one. Interviewer: Okay. 030: Uh uh he was Bill came from Tennessee, but in Cleveland, Tennessee. Interviewer: And what about his uh uh he was born in Cleveland then? 030: Yes. Interviewer: And what about his formal education? 030: Um he went he graduated from Austin High School and he went to Morris Brown College for two years. {NS} Interviewer: And um what was his occupation? 030: He works at an {D: aqualuma} company. He's been there for some time. Interviewer: Do you know what he does? 030: He works in pot rooms. {NS} Interviewer: Is he baptist too? 030: No he belongs {D: to holding his} church. Interviewer: And uh do you know much about his parents? 030: Yes. They uh I know his mother came from Cleveland. His father came from Oklahoma. They met here in Knoxville. Interviewer: Now have you traveled much? 030: Well a little. I've uh stayed in Detroit for two years. I've um lemme see I've been to Atlanta. All the close towns around. I Interviewer: How about you when when were you in Detroit? 030: Uh in from the time I was {NS} uh n- from time I was nineteen until I was twenty. Twenty-two almost. Interviewer: Or how did you happen to do that? 030: I was having family troubles, and I wanted to just get away #1 and # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 030: if I had stayed here well my you know like my mother never didn't believe in separations and divorces #1 and # Interviewer: #2 I see. # 030: #1 I had a uncle there, and I asked if I could come and he said yes. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 030: #1 I didn't tell anybody. I just went after I got his permission. # Interviewer: #2 I see. Okay. # Now that was in um uh 030: Oh lemme see. Interviewer: #1 Well how bout if it uh about twenty, twenty-one years ago twenty years ago in the nineteen fifties. # 030: #2 Mm-hmm. # Yeah. Interviewer: Uh did you- where did you live in Detroit? 030: I lived on {B} Interviewer: you know what that neighborhood was called? generally {X} 030: No, but it was when I was living there it was uh kind of um mixed neighborhood because #1 uh it was mostly Jewish on that side, and they were moving out and then negroes were moving in. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # Now, and where is this community now where do where is uh {B} Is that near is that that's you said in East uh 030: No. {X} Well it's like what they call in Park City. It's between Park City and Burlington. Interviewer: Between Park City and Burlington. 030: Yeah. Because you don't know where one takes up and uh feeds off another one takes up. Interviewer: And this county is? 030: Knox. Interviewer: And the state? 030: Tennessee. Interviewer: And the date today? 030: The twenty-ninth. Interviewer: Okay now just start with some of these um oh how would you describe the weather today? 030: Lovely beautiful day. #1 I like it. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # Uh the uh uh a day uh how would you describe a day like yesterday? 030: Dull and dreary. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # And if something happened you said today was the twenty-ninth of March nineteen seventy-two. If something happened on the twenty-ninth of March nineteen seventy one you said that happened just? 030: A year ago. Interviewer: Okay and if a little child is this many you'd say he is? 030: Three. Interviewer: Three. 030: Mm years old. Interviewer: Okay and if the weather has been um #1 These are just some odds and ends I've gotta get out of the way first. There's no # 030: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #1 con- there's some a little continuity here but this these are just some odds # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: If it's been um if the weather has been fairly nice and then suddenly it starts to uh uh get cloudy and so forth you might say the weather is? 030: Um rainy again or um it's gonna be dreary. Interviewer: Okay would you I mean would you ever use anything like breaking or gathering or changing or threatening? 030: Uh sometimes when uh I would say I'd be glad when the weather changed so that it'll stay a bit warm stay warm instead if being cool one day #1 and hot the next. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 030: #1 Cold at night and you dress at cool in the mornings and then you dress and later in the day you're too warm uh make you too uncomfortable. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. Alright. # And the? uh big white things up in the sky are? 030: The clouds. {NW} Interviewer: And on a a day uh if it's been cloudy very cloudy and and and then you look up and you see a little patch of blue up in the sky you might say I think it's going to? 030: Clear up. {NW} Interviewer: Now um if it uh the uh if you have a heavy rain of short you know it doesn't last very long but it really comes down what would you call that? 030: Oh it rained like the devil this Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 030: #2 morning. {NW} # Interviewer: And if there's thunder and lightning, you'd call that a? 030: Storm. Interviewer: Alright and uh if you're talking about the wind you'd say the wind really? 030: You mean like it's uh it's pretty wild or heavy today. Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 030: #2 Real windy today. # Interviewer: Yeah the wind really what hard? 030: It blew hard. Interviewer: Sure and the uh and if it's now we talked about a storm how about a lighter rain than that not quite a storm but? 030: When it's um when it's misty or a steady rain. Interviewer: Alright and then something even lighter than a than a mist is there any or maybe not how about something uh do you ever use the term drizzle? 030: Yes. Interviewer: Now when would that be? 030: {X} Uh well just like it's a drizzle today. Interviewer: Right. Is that more than a mist? 030: N- uh yeah a drizzle is a little bit heavier than a mist. A mist is just a little heavier than a fog. Interviewer: Okay and then if there's a lot of fog you'd say it's really uh 030: Foggy. Interviewer: And if it doesn't rain for a long time? 030: Uh it is dry. Interviewer: #1 And if it doesn't rain say for a month you'd say we're? # 030: #2 We're having a drought. # #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # And if the wind hasn't been blowing and then suddenly you'd say the wind is? 030: Blowing. Interviewer: And then it's just starting to you might say it's if it's getting started I mean do you ever use the expression like picking up or breezing on or rising or coming up or? 030: Uh well s- I well sometimes I said it seem like the wind is getting up a little. Interviewer: Okay and then after it's been blowing hard and then starts to 030: Calm down. Interviewer: Okay and if you look out in oh in the late in the fall of the year it hasn't snowed you see that white stuff on the ground you might say it looks like we had a 030: A heavy fog this morning. Interviewer: Okay and then the white stuff on the ground? 030: I mean frost, yeah. Interviewer: #1 Sure. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: That's right and then but then as the temperature drops way down you might say uh the the water in the lake? 030: Uh you mean freezing? Interviewer: Yeah and then the the water in the lake {NS} when it's freezing the water 030: #1 It's freezing cold or something. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah and then the water then when you can skate on it # #1 you say the. Yeah # 030: #2 It's frozen. # Interviewer: Okay uh and you say um um so last night when the temperature dropped way down there you say the water in the lake something over do you ever use that expression? 030: Oh froze over. Interviewer: Froze over. Now do you have a name for a thin uh covering of ice that just barely when it's just 030: #1 Oh like uh when you walk out and it's crunchy? # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 030: Um usually um if it when we're talking about it around the house we might say uh it's slippery as glass outside, so be careful while you're walking in the grass. It's so crunchy. #1 Something like that. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # Okay now the um and the uh now I wanna ask you something about the the house did you did you live in the same house all the time when you were a child? uh when you were from the time you were very small until you you grew up 030: #1 I lived in the same house from the time I was I would say about four until I # Interviewer: #2 Uh. # 030: moved out of out of that house into my own house. Interviewer: I see. Well would you tell me about the the uh uh uh the the rooms of that house what I'd like you to do is to draw just here just to draw a little floor plan just nothing elaborate but just a little floor plan and tell me what those rooms were called 030: Okay. Interviewer: #1 and the direction of them and so forth well that's just a box you know that's uh # 030: #2 But I can't draw it out. {NW} Okay well really # {NS} Like this you come up the steps to the front porch. We had a pretty large front front porch on it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: You came into the living room. This was the first room in here. Off of this room was my mother's bedroom. You went straight through this door was a door coming in right here and then straight ahead off the living room was another door just a little past this room. #1 And that was uh my sister's bedroom. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 030: And right over here was the kitchen. Out on the back porch was a bathroom. Right there like that. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: It was just um #1 One uh one two three four house. You know like the kitchen and # Interviewer: #2 Mm. Mm-hmm. # You mean just the one room one behind the other 030: Yeah or even you could say uh one on each side of the other you know. Interviewer: Was there a hall down the middle? 030: No. No hall. You just came in. Interviewer: And there were doors? 030: Doors but no hall. Interviewer: If the doors were all open, could you see all the way through the house? 030: No because now if you were in the living room, you could look #1 in the living room through our bedroom out the back window in the back yard. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. I see. # 030: #1 And you could do the same thing from my mother's room, but you would look through the kitchen win- you could stand in her room and look through the kitchen window. # Interviewer: #2 I see # #1 I see. Okay. I see. Yeah. # 030: #2 And the uh back end. # Interviewer: That's okay I know I just wanted to get the the layout. That's okay. Now the um uh how many brothers and sisters did you have? 030: I only had one sister. Interviewer: I see and so there were just four of you living 030: Yeah but see my father died when I was uh about five years old. Interviewer: #1 I see. Right after you moved into this um very shortly after I see # 030: #2 Yes. Uh-huh. # Interviewer: Um. Uh did what kind of heating did you have in that house? 030: Fireplaces at first. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 030: #2 Then we moved up to a warm morning heater. # Interviewer: Uh-huh. 030: #1 And the cook stove and that # Interviewer: #2 What was a warm morning heater? That's interesting. # 030: That's a coal stove. Interviewer: I see. 030: Uh-huh. #1 And you know like they had uh they were heavier uh than the uh the regular coal stoves and um # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. Uh-huh. # 030: #1 Well you like some people had wood heaters, # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 030: but we had uh this heavy Interviewer: #1 I see. Now # 030: #2 coal stove. # Interviewer: Did um uh did have uh do you remember the fire place? 030: Yes. Interviewer: Uh the smoke went up the? 030: Chimney. Interviewer: And then uh on a um uh out in the front of the fire place #1 the part that comes. Uh-huh. # 030: #2 On the hearth, right? Yeah. # Interviewer: And the two things in the fire place that held the logs in place? 030: #1 Uh no we didn't have that we had uh we had a grate. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # I see. Did you ever hear of those things? 030: Um. Interviewer: I was wondering what you'd call them. 030: Uh I don't know lemme see. I know what you're talking about, but I don't know what you call it. Interviewer: Well let me just give you 030: #1 Oh ant irons. Yeah, yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # What's that now? 030: Ant irons. Interviewer: #1 Sure and then the thing on the top of the fire place that you might put things on? # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 030: #2 # Interviewer: Over the top there might've been a 030: Oh, a mantle. A shelf. Interviewer: Yeah now what would you call that? That's 030: Both of 'em. Mantle put something on the mantle uh #1 don't lean on the shelf. Of course, you haven't heard that enough. # Interviewer: #2 Okay, okay. # Did you ever call uh did you ever hear it called anything else other than a mantle or a shelf? Have you ever heard it called a fireboard? 030: No. Interviewer: No? Okay and a large log in the fireplace? What what would you call that? 030: #1 Uh well we never burnt any wood or logs. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 030: But and if I don't know if it was Interviewer: What did you burn in the fireplace? #1 Coal? Oh oh have a grate for sure so that was a stake. # 030: #2 Coal. Mm-hmm # Interviewer: I see. Um how did you get that fire started? 030: Uh {NW} you mean #1 how uh well just paper and wood on top of it and # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 030: #1 put the coal on and light it. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # Uh and then now when you had that uh uh that stove later #1 The uh um # 030: #2 Uh-huh. # The warm morning heater. Interviewer: Warm morning heater. Now did that how did they uh how did the smoke get out of that? 030: It went out through the chimney. Interviewer: Oh that was uh also attached to the chimney? 030: Yes. Interviewer: Now did you ever have a uh now did a uh how about the cook stove in the kitchen? 030: Yes, we had one. Interviewer: And what was did that where would where did the smoke go out there? 030: Uh out the chimney ya know it all they were uh well see like it was a fireplace #1 in the back bedroom where we slept was a fire place in the living room and there was a fire place in my mother's room, # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 030: #1 so therefore it had you know it had chimneys all over the place only # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 030: when you looked at it on the outside it just had two but it had two #1 uh places where the smoke. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 As they all came together uh-huh. # Did uh did you ever have uh uh any kind of a stove that had a pipe on it? 030: Yes, all of them had #1 pipes with dampers on 'em. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # Did you ever have to get in there and clean the stuff out of there? 030: Oh man. Yeah. #1 {NW} Oh, did we ever. Yes. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} Uh-huh. Okay. # And what was that what's that stuff called that you have to clean? 030: Soot. Interviewer: Alright and the stuff you had to clean out of the fireplace? 030: Ashes. Interviewer: Okay and you're sitting in a? 030: Chair. Interviewer: And the color of this paper is? 030: White. Interviewer: And this this piece of furniture like this what would you call it? 030: A couch. Interviewer: Now are there any other pieces of furniture similar to this that might have different names? 030: Yeah, there's some people call them davenports. Uh and um like some of them make beds and people some people call them day beds. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: But um we usually calls that call that the couch. Interviewer: Uh huh now uh did you ever did you ever hear it called a sofa? 030: Yeah. Interviewer: Would that be about the same thing? 030: I think so because usually when you uh see it advertised in the paper that's all they call it is a sofa. Interviewer: Okay now what kind of furniture did you have in the bedroom? 030: Um uh a bed, a dresser, a chest of drawers, and uh well that's about it. Interviewer: What's the difference between the dresser and the chest of drawers? 030: {NW} Mm. Well one had the mirror on it and that made the big difference and other other one was just drawers that you put your clothes in. Interviewer: Is that the the the dresser had the mirror on it? 030: Right. Interviewer: Okay now did you ever have a piece of furniture in the um uh in the bedroom that was uh where'd you hang the clothes? 030: In the closet. Interviewer: Now that was that had a door on it? 030: #1 Yes. # Interviewer: #2 Built into the wall. # 030: #1 Uh-huh. # Interviewer: #2 Did you have something like that have you ever seen those? # 030: #1 In a chifforobe? Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 030: I've seen 'em, but we never had one. Uh the closet in our bedroom was pretty big. Interviewer: Uh-huh and you called the other a? 030: Chifforobe. Interviewer: Right now the um uh so all of these things are different pieces of? 030: Furniture. Interviewer: And the um uh the things you pull down over the windows? 030: Shades. Interviewer: And the above the was there any living space up above this uh uh? was the roof just flat on there or was there could you get up above the 030: Oh in the attic? Interviewer: Yeah. 030: Uh no um #1 I'm pretty sure that it it wasn't flat it went up in a point like this, but # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 030: Um we never had as bad as we uh we never did make it up there. Interviewer: Now what what uh uh uh what was the the kitchen like could you kinda describe that for me? 030: #1 Well # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 030: At first we had a nice box, you know, and then a kitchen cabinet and the stove and the table and five chairs. We only had five chairs. We never had six. I never knew Interviewer: #1 why, but we had five and uh the sink, you know. # 030: #2 Uh-huh. Uh. # Interviewer: Uh did you uh where did your mother keep her um uh oh things like um uh Did she have uh was there anything like a room? 030: A pantry? Interviewer: Yeah. 030: No. Interviewer: Alright and um the uh the place did you have uh did you have you didn't have any other room that was where you keep old worthless furniture or anything and things that you just hadn't 030: Oh we had a garage up in the back. #1 Uh but it wasn't connected to the house or anything. # Interviewer: #2 I see. # What would you call that old worthless furniture? 030: Antiques. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Or stuff that where that now antiques? 030: Uh it's #1 well now you know like it's anytime anybody buy uh give away something or sells something, it's old junk. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 030: #1 They don't want it anymore. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 030: #1 But then somebody else come right along looking says well I'll buy this and when you see it again it's an antique. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # #1 I see. {NW} Right. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: That's good uh every um uh around the house uh um wife uh kids might get up every morning and go around and? 030: Dust. Interviewer: Clean. Would you use something like in other words up in it maybe she the house she 030: Clean up. Interviewer: #1 Yeah, that would be right. # 030: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: And now they use vacuum cleaners a lot but before they used to use a? 030: A sweeper uh #1 A broom? Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Sure, that's a # Now if something were dropped back here and I'd say where is this and you'd #1 say it's? # 030: #2 Behind the couch. # Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: And on Mondays women traditionally did their? 030: Washing. Interviewer: And on Tuesdays? 030: Ironing. Interviewer: And together it was all called the? 030: Uh you mean on wash days? Interviewer: Well, it yeah that's good or what I was thinking is what you call uh maybe a term that would cover both washing and ironing? 030: I don't know. Lemme see. See now I could do it for today but I can't do it for right then cause when you wash now you go to the laundromat. Interviewer: Yeah. #1 {X} # 030: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 Now that's kind of the word I was thinking of how you use the word. # 030: #2 Yeah. # Interviewer: A a word that you'd use if you just took the clothes into town, you'd take 'em to the 030: Laundromat. Interviewer: #1 Or uh that's where you do it yourself but if you were gonna take it and they do it for you? # 030: #2 Yes. # To the laundry. Interviewer: Alright. And now uh you've showed me this uh this porch on the diagram now was that flat on the ground or was it? 030: #1 No, it was elevated you had to go up about four you had to come up about four steps. # Interviewer: #2 Elevated. # Okay, and how did you get up to the attic? 030: I don't know um you know like it wasn't what you would call enough room so that you could make um #1 a room out of it it was just a uh # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 030: a roof of the house. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh and there was no really no way to get up there? # 030: #2 Or something like that. # Interviewer: #1 No ladder? # 030: #2 That's right. # Interviewer: Um what would you call steps inside the house like going up to the second floor? Did you have a special uh name for that? 030: Upstairs but Interviewer: Okay and if the door were open and you didn't want it that way you might tell someone please? 030: To close the door. Interviewer: Or another way is? 030: Uh shut the door. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: And on a frame house was was this a frame house? 030: Yes. Interviewer: Now did was there anything uh nailed on over the the uh the wood as a protective covering? 030: No. Interviewer: You know what I mean? 030: #1 Uh. # Interviewer: #2 Know what that's called? # 030: You mean like aluminum siding? Interviewer: #1 Yeah or siding or maybe weather. # 030: #2 or something like # Uh weather board #1 or stripping or whatever they call that. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah, yeah. # Now if um talking about uh say have you been in uh uh the uh in an oh let's see uh in Maryville recently? Say oh I got in my car yesterday and I down there 030: #1 I drove to Maryville. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # And I have many times. I've 030: Uh driven. Interviewer: Sure and the on the on the you talk about the roof of the house now when the water when the water runs #1 down okay. # 030: #2 Down into # in the gutters. Interviewer: Okay and then uh the then the water goes down the? 030: Drain. Interviewer: Okay they uh uh you had a garage. Did you have any kind of a of a shed? Um. 030: No. #1 Well the garage was divided into two parts, you know, like # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 030: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 # 030: one side was big. On the other side we kept uh #1 coal and stuff like that. Wood. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # And the um uh now you had indoor plumbing all the time. What 030: No, well it no it was it was connected to the house but you had to go out of the house to get Interviewer: #1 I see. # 030: #2 to it. # Interviewer: Now what did you you call that? The 030: The toilet. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Now were they when they used to have them separated really separated 030: They called that outhouses. Interviewer: Did you ever hear any other terms for it other than that? 030: No. Privy. #1 Yes, I did. Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # Okay. Uh say yes I 030: Heard it. Interviewer: Okay um and um talking about um smoking cigars I don't smoke cigars, but he 030: Does. Interviewer: Um and if you're not certain about something you say well maybe I'm I'm just? 030: #1 I'm uh # Interviewer: #2 I'm # 030: I'm not sure. Interviewer: And you say uh I don't think so but some people 030: I think some people might. Interviewer: Or some people think 030: Some people think so. Interviewer: Okay and uh and the uh um building you live in you said was a? 030: A house. Interviewer: And the plural of that two of those would be two 030: Houses. Interviewer: Now what other out buildings are there on a farm? You know what other what other buildings do you think about when you talk about a farm? 030: Well like a barn. Um. I don't know. I don't know too much about farms. Interviewer: Okay uh do you know what they call that part above the barn where the hay is kept? 030: In the loft. Interviewer: Sure. And um when the hay is piled up out in the field do you know what that's called? The hay? 030: The hay stack. Interviewer: Sure and the um uh place where uh the uh um the hogs are kept? 030: Like the hog pen? Interviewer: Okay and where they might have a place where the stock the hogs or other animals could get out and kinda run around? 030: Um what they call that? Let me see. Out in the fields? Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 030: #2 No? # Interviewer: Well it would be now a place where they go out and graze is called a where the cows are allowed to 030: Out in the pasture. Interviewer: Yeah now but then there's a um maybe a smaller thing right in the um uh um ya know right I was thinking something like a a a cow lot or a hog lot or a #1 stable lot or a barn yard or any of those sound familiar to you? # 030: #2 Yeah. # Yeah I mean yeah well I guess I've heard all the terms, but #1 you know when you're not just really you hear no no you don't know what they're talking about really. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # Okay. 030: You you have a picture in your mind and you say well yeah I #1 think I know what they mean, but you don't ever come out and say it. # Interviewer: #2 Sure. # How about a place where milk and butter is made? What do they call the company like that? 030: A dairy. Interviewer: Yeah, now does that word mean anything else to you in relation to a farm other than just a kind of like a a company? 030: Uh no more or less. Uh well #1 like a cow you know like milk that's that's about that's uh # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. Yeah. # Okay now the um um let's see. Would you name some different kind of fences? What you'd see out in a out in a field. 030: Out in a field? Interviewer: Or in town. Both. 030: Like chain fence or? I don't even know what they called that's what they where they keep #1 in the corral uh but that's not the name for the fence though is it? # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. No. # Well I was thinking of things like a rail fence or a wire- You had different kinds of wire fences. #1 You know with kind of the sticky things on it? # 030: #2 Yeah yeah um. # What do they call it now? I should know because I've been cut by one. {NW} #1 I can't think of it. # Interviewer: #2 Was it barbed wire or # 030: Barbed wire. Yes. Interviewer: Yeah and how about uh either picket or pailing fences? 030: {D: I think it's a picket fence.} #1 But I don't know about pailing fence. # Interviewer: #2 Okay and # they um uh they sometimes talk about a they call it a things like these big things like they sometimes call them poles they sometimes they sometimes call them things that a the telephones lines run? 030: Telephone pole. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Pole or post? # 030: Telephone post. Interviewer: Alright and say there are two of them you'd say two telephone 030: Posts. Interviewer: Alright and so and a and a a wall or fence made of loose rock or stone? 030: A wall or a um let me see. Usually if it's you know like like if this is a counter and it's a yard behind there, we just call it a wall. Interviewer: Okay now the uh expensive dishware is called? 030: China. Interviewer: Yeah and a uh something you you uh carry water in a handle? 030: Pail. Interviewer: Alright. How about if it's made of wood? 030: #1 Bucket. # Interviewer: #2 Would you still call it? # #1 Okay called it a bucket. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: How about something you might use to go if you're gonna go out and slop the hogs? 030: Well you do that with a bucket. Interviewer: Okay and what would you call that any special kind of bucket? 030: Slop bucket. Interviewer: Okay and the um uh thing you fry eggs in? 030: A skillet or either frying pan. Interviewer: Alright. Did you ever see these with legs on them? 030: Yes. Interviewer: Now would you call that something different? 030: A kettle. Uh well Interviewer: #1 But that'd be bigger, wouldn't it? # 030: #2 Be yeah # Much bigger but see now like #1 uh my skillet has legs on it, but it's electric one. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # #1 Sure, that's right. Sure. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Um now the uh something you put cut flowers in? 030: A vase. Interviewer: And something now you have a kettle, but if you were gonna boil potatoes for example you might put them in a kettle or you might put them in a? 030: Pot. Interviewer: Yeah and the three utensils you eat with are uh? 030: Spoon, knife, and a fork. Interviewer: Alright you might have a butter and then a if you're cutting say you say you have two 030: Uh knives? Interviewer: Yeah. And after dinner you say now I must what the dishes? 030: Wash. Interviewer: And you tell hol- uh maybe you hold the dish under clear water after you've washed it you'd say you're going to? 030: Rinse it. Interviewer: Alright. And a uh and then you use this to get the water off the dish. 030: Dry it. Interviewer: With a? 030: Dish towel? Interviewer: Okay and something you might use on your face when you 030: #1 Uh. # Interviewer: #2 wash it? # 030: Washcloth. Interviewer: Alright and you dry it with a? 030: Towel. Interviewer: And the water in the sink comes out the? 030: Faucet. Interviewer: Yeah and how about on the side of the house? 030: Spigot. Interviewer: And how about on a barrel? 030: #1 It's a s- # Interviewer: #2 You know like? # 030: #1 Uh it's a spigot. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. Alright. # Um now the uh if you were pouring uh sugar or something from a larger container into a smaller you might pour it through something that looks like this? 030: A funnel. Interviewer: Okay and uh something you might crack to race your horse on? 030: A whip. Interviewer: Alright and if you were gonna buy if you went to buy a dozen oranges at the store the grocer might put them in a? 030: Bag. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: Sack. Interviewer: Or paper. 030: A paper bag. Interviewer: Yeah, did you ever hear that called anything else? 030: No. Um in a paper bag. Yes. I mean some they uh well no it's just that they come in different kind of bags you know like sometimes they already in a knitted-like bag. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: #1 But they uh no but now it's plastic so you still call it a bag. # Interviewer: #2 Sure, did you ever hear it called poke? # 030: Yeah. Interviewer: Now is that did your parents use that term too? 030: #1 I think uh my grandparents my grandmother did more than anybody she would always say # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 030: uh go find the poke so I can put these things. Interviewer: I see and uh something now we talked about this before that something you put the uh you might have a spigot on this uh? 030: Barrel. Interviewer: Yeah and then the if you had a hundred pounds of potatoes or something they might come in a great big? 030: A croaker sack. Interviewer: Okay and the um um did you ever hear that called anything else? 030: Um let me see. Yeah. Let me see. That's not what my grandparents called it at all. Not a croaker sack. They um they called it something else but it wasn't croaker sack. Let me see. Interviewer: They call it a toe sack? 030: Yeah a toe sack. Any time something big uh or they were gonna put like uh when my grandfather would go get a watermelon, he'd say bring me the toe sack so I can put #1 bring the watermelon back in here. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. I see. # Okay now the amount of corn or meal uh that you might take to the mill at the same time you might be able to carry at one time you might call that a? 030: Bushel? Interviewer: Alright and then uh up up here they here you have fluorescent lights but in a regular lamp you might have? 030: Light bulbs. Interviewer: Alright and if you were gonna hang clothes out in the yard after you washed them you might carry them out in a 030: Tub. Interviewer: {D: Or I bet?} 030: Laundry basket. Interviewer: #1 Sure, fine. # 030: #2 I I yeah. # Interviewer: Now it's something like uh this is just like a a a barrel really except it's much smaller nails and that come in these things. 030: Nail. A keg. Interviewer: Sure and things that go around a barrel that keep the staves in place? 030: The hooks. Interviewer: Yeah and something you put on top of a in the top of a bottle after you've opened it? 030: A cork. Interviewer: Okay and a musical instrument. You blow in it. 030: Harp. Interviewer: Did you ever hear that called anything else? 030: Harmonica. Interviewer: Okay what did remember what your grandparents called it? 030: Um no. I don't remember them I was gonna say Jew's harp but that's a Interviewer: Yeah. 030: #1 a different thing altogether. # Interviewer: #2 Did you ever hear it called a French harp? # 030: No, they used to always #1 just call it a harp. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # #1 Okay and something you drive nails with is a? # 030: #2 Uh-huh. # Hammer. Interviewer: And the part of a wagon that goes up between two horses? 030: The spokes. Interviewer: Well yeah now now this uh this is your? 030: #1 Tongue. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah, do you know what that is on the on the wagon? # 030: It's the handle. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 030: #2 I mean uh # #1 yeah I guess that's the handle # Interviewer: #2 Alright how are the {D: part} the um # the um you know the part which you call the part of the wagon in the people actually the horse actually pulls on? 030: What, the body? Interviewer: Yeah okay and then uh if you were there was a big heavy log out in the field you know you wanna have to they had they had to take a mule or a horse or a tractor out there or something and hook it up and then you'd say they they what that log in the field yesterday they they couldn't carry it out they had to? 030: #1 Drag it out. # Interviewer: #2 Yesterday they? # 030: drug it out. Interviewer: Sure. And then something you use to break up dirt with when you're? 030: A plow. Interviewer: Yeah, and something you break the dirt up into smaller pieces with? 030: A tractor. Interviewer: Yeah, well this is something you pull by a tractor. 030: Um. #1 Something pulled by a tractor? # Interviewer: #2 Yeah, the tractor's # the tractor pulls this and it breaks up the dirt after it's been plowed into finer um pieces did you ever hear of a har or a harrow? 030: Oh yeah. Interviewer: A harrow. 030: I've heard of it uh yeah I've heard of it. Interviewer: Okay. 030: But I don't think I've ever seen it. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: And something that you might use to to uh saw wood and put it on two #1 there are two # 030: #2 Uh. # In a fort? Interviewer: #1 yeah it was a {X} but # 030: #2 Is that what that? # Interviewer: Did you ever hear it called a uh 030: A horse? Interviewer: No. Okay now sometimes the horses has that kind of A-frame. 030: Yeah. Interviewer: This is an X-frame though. Those are old fashioned, shaped like this they put the log on there. #1 So then with all the # 030: #2 I see. # Interviewer: saw a buck or a or a saw a jack or a saw a horse 030: Maybe, I don't know. Interviewer: Alright you might use a comb in your hair or you might use a? 030: Brush. Interviewer: And you and when you're uh #1 sharpening the straight razor they say sharpen the straight razor # 030: #2 {D: On a strap.} # Interviewer: Okay and a fountain pen certain kind of some kinds of fountain pens you have these little things you stick you know when you replace the 030: Uh fillers? Interviewer: Yeah and what're they sometimes called? Car- 030: Oh cartridge. Interviewer: Sure and this is something children play with. One sits on either end and it goes up and down. 030: See-saw. Interviewer: And another thing that goes around like this is sit on it and #1 goes around in a circle. # 030: #2 Um. # Well now thats a whirligig. It has about Interviewer: Okay. 030: A whole bunch of names for it. Interviewer: So what does a whirligig look like? 030: Uh well it's um #1 made well it's like a see-saw with # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 030: seats on its end. And you just kinda pump it and it goes around Interviewer: #1 Okay is this a mechanical thing? # 030: #2 there. # Yeah. Interviewer: Now where did you see these? 030: at my church in Interviewer: #1 Oh, I see. # 030: #2 {D: Headworth}. # Interviewer: So these 030: It's a toy that they ride around on, you know. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 030: And it goes um more you you see you hold it like this. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: And the more you push on it see and instead of it going up and down it goes around. Interviewer: I see. 030: And then it goes up and down. Interviewer: I see. I see. Um now so when you had that coal coal stove you um uh you you might've had a little thing you keep a small quantity of coal in? 030: In the {D: skook}. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: And this has one wheel and two handles. 030: Wheelbarrow. Interviewer: And something you might hold in your hand to sharpen a knife? 030: Uh whetstone. Interviewer: Alright and something on a {D: trebel} or a or a handle? 030: #1 That's what they call it a whetrock. # Interviewer: #2 that you might # 030: #1 or something like that. # Interviewer: #2 Oh, okay. # And if uh you're you're baking some biscuits or something, you might do what to the pan first? 030: Grease it. Interviewer: Alright and so then you might say my hands now are awfully? 030: Uh. Greasy. Interviewer: Yeah and so um uh and say you say yesterday I did what to that pan yesterday I? #1 Grea- # 030: #2 Greased it. # Interviewer: Yeah and something you you um uh uh uh in a car you might take it in there and have them check the water and? 030: Oil. Interviewer: Yeah and before they had electricity do you always have electricity in your house? 030: Yes of course I mean I don't think they always had it but I don't remember when they didn't. Interviewer: Okay, but what did they have before that though? Do you know? 030: Lamps. Interviewer: Okay and what did the lamps burn? 030: Oil. Coal oil. Interviewer: Okay did you ever call that anything else? 030: Kerosene. Interviewer: Alright now do you have a name for a makeshift lamp or torch made with a rag or bottle or can have you ever seen one of those? 030: Uh I mean yeah like on TV. Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 030: #2 Mm-hmm. # Um Molotov. Interviewer: #1 Oh like a Molotov cocktail. Okay. # 030: #2 Yeah, yeah. # Interviewer: The um uh toothpaste comes in a? 030: Tube. Interviewer: And if you were going to uh when they after they build the boat they put it up and they, you know, they say they're going to what the boat? Put it out into the water {NS} 030: Float it? Interviewer: Yeah or what? 030: Launch it. Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 030: #2 Uh-huh. # Interviewer: And then what kinds of small boats do they have in rivers? 030: Uh #1 Uh like canoes and # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 030: I don't know much about boats. Interviewer: How about rook? 030: Rook. Interviewer: You know like do you ever do you know the term bateau or row boat or jon boat? 030: #1 Uh a row boat yes but not the rest of it. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # If um one of your children was looking 030: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 uh # clothes you might say um here your clothes here? 030: Uh here {D: Bert}. Interviewer: Here. 030: #1 Uh # Interviewer: #2 Say # Say the whole thing. Here are 030: {D: Bert} here's your clothes. Interviewer: Okay and um if you're not sure you're right about something but you think you are you might say to somebody I'm right you're not absolutely certain you're right you're kind of checking it as a friend you might say I'm right, but? 030: #1 Uh yeah I might ask her do you think I'm right? # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. What'd you # but what I was getting at is would you say I'm right? #1 Ain't I I'm right aren't I'm right am I. Now which seemed? # 030: #2 I would # like if I said I'd say uh #1 I know I'm right or I'm right, ain't I? # Interviewer: #2 {X} # #1 Yeah that would be more sure that would be the most uh # 030: #2 Like that uh-huh mm-hmm. # Interviewer: um natural uh response. Now something a woman wears over her dress when she's cooking? 030: Apron. Interviewer: And something this is a 030: Pin. Interviewer: And something you use uh to to hold a diaper together? 030: That's a pin. Interviewer: Alright and um do you uh on a on a cold day a person might put on a um um something over his where on 030: A shawl? Interviewer: Yeah, or wear a big heavy? 030: Coat. Interviewer: Alright and something that a man might wear between his coat and his shirt 030: Sweater? Interviewer: Yeah, or this is something that matches the suit though. 030: Oh, his top coat? Interviewer: Well this matches the suit and it's #1 it it has {X} sure # 030: #2 Oh, a vest. # Interviewer: And these are? 030: Pants. Interviewer: Alright and a uh if a uh someone you ask someone to bring something and the person says I have 030: Uh. Interviewer: You say did you bring that and the person says yes I have 030: brought it. Interviewer: And the um uh somebody asks how did that coat uh fit and they ask you the question you say oh the coat {NW} 030: Uh like it was alright? Interviewer: Yeah, you'd say the coat 030: Uh it fits fine. Interviewer: Alright, yesterday you say you might talking about yesterday you say does that coat fit? he said yeah it Interviewer: Speaking of a coat, you might say oh that coat 030: Uh well like if I tried it on yesterday? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. That you tried this coat on yesterday and it #1 what just fine? # 030: #2 It- # it fit just fine. Interviewer: Okay um and the um a person gets a a coat and trousers made of the same material you might say now he has a? 030: Suit. Interviewer: And it's not an old one he just bought it. It's a? 030: New suit. Interviewer: Alright and his pockets are all filled up with things say his pockets really 030: Are jammed. Interviewer: And they really? 030: Bulge. Interviewer: Alright and if if a shirt was sanforized and it was washed say it might 030: Shrink. Interviewer: Yeah, do you ever use anything else? 030: Drawed. Interviewer: #1 Yeah now if you're talking about yesterday you say I washed that shirt yesterday and it # 030: #2 {NW} # Drew up. Interviewer: Alright and or it would shrink, you'd say it would 030: It's uh like if it shrank or it shrunk. Interviewer: Okay um and if uh something you you might keep change in? 030: In a purse. Interviewer: Alright. and something you might wear on your wrist? 030: Watch. Interviewer: #1 Yeah or just a or this would be just like a like that would be a # 030: #2 A wrist watch. # Interviewer: Well, that is a watch I didn't see the watch there but it's 030: Yeah, cause it's so big. Interviewer: If it didn't have a if it didn't have a watch on, then you just call it a 030: A bracelet. Interviewer: Sure and the uh something uh uh men wear instead of a belt sometimes? 030: Are suspenders. Interviewer: Remember them called anything else? 030: #1 No, did they call them something? # Interviewer: #2 Yeah, did you ever hear them called galluses? # 030: No. Interviewer: #1 You never heard that? Okay. That's alright. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Something you might open up on a rainy day. 030: An umbrella. Interviewer: Alright and um something that um uh you put oh the last thing you put over the last thing you put over a bed when you're making it up. 030: The bedspread. Interviewer: Alright and some a thing you rest your head on. 030: Pillow. Interviewer: Now we're talking about a a a long pillow that might use a long one {D: this whole thing say three pillows and everybody says only have one long one what what might that be called}? one great big long pillow. 030: #1 I would still call it a pillow I guess. # Interviewer: #2 Okay and you might say that pillow didn't go # part way you'd say it went 030: All the way. Interviewer: Alright and a washable kind of a blanket is called a 030: Um You mean what the what is it made out of cotton Interviewer: #1 Yeah, well this would just be uh something like that. You might call it a blanket or these women used to make these. # 030: #2 or? # Interviewer: Remember? 030: Oh, quilts. Interviewer: #1 Sure and a bed made up flat on the floor is a? # 030: #2 Uh-huh. # Interviewer: Uh. 030: A pallet. Interviewer: Okay and out in the country low lying land near the near a near a stream you call? 030: #1 I don't know. # Interviewer: #2 Okay well do you know what what kind mm if you you say there's land up near the # low lying land that always has water in it now what would do you have a 030: That's a lake. Interviewer: #1 Well yeah except this was not not that deep this is kinda muddy and # 030: #2 Deep uh # #1 Let me see. # Interviewer: #2 place you know like where they # you have a lot of alligators and things and uh 030: Like in a swamp? Interviewer: Yeah, that's what I meant. Now that the swamp is one thing a lake is something else but this is the kinda thing that might just be flooded in the spring and then then plowed later and later it might be okay this is the land that you find around a river or creek. 030: On the bank? Interviewer: Yeah, did you ever hear the term bottom land? 030: #1 Only in reading I never knew really understood it. # Interviewer: #2 Okay, okay, okay. # Um and then how about when it there was a song um when about the time you were in in high school or so called there's a tree in the or a type of some a tree and the starts with an "m" there's a bird called a lark. #1 What kind of a lark? A # 030: #2 No. # Interviewer: {X} Do you know the term? 030: Oh, the meadow lark? Interviewer: Sure. Yeah well then that so that that low lying grassland might be called a 030: Meadow lark. Interviewer: Or just a 030: A meadow. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # And um a uh something you might have to dig if you're gonna drain water off a off the land 030: A trench. Interviewer: Okay. And then a narrow deep valley of a you know there's a stream running through a field or something and oh the land's very deep do you know what that might be called? 030: Um let me see. No. Let me see now. Uh a stream? Interviewer: Okay now something what would you call something a little larger than a stream? 030: I mean and it was a river? Interviewer: Alright and how about something something larger than a than a um uh larger than a a uh stream but smaller than a river? 030: {X} It's not a lake. I don't know. Interviewer: How about a creek or a branch? 030: Oh yeah. {NW} Interviewer: Which one of those? 030: Both of 'em probably if I was talking about it, I would say I would say don't go in the creek or in and the kids were playing in their branch go make 'em get out. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh okay so you use either one interchangeably, really or? # 030: #2 Yeah. Yeah. # Interviewer: Okay um {NS} uh the um uh a channel cut by erosion in a field. Do you know what that's called a gul- 030: A gully? Interviewer: Yeah and what rivers are around Knoxville? rivers or streams? 030: Uh let me see like the Tennessee river I don't uh streams Interviewer: Mm-hmm they have names usually or? 030: I guess you know you mean like #1 when they go to the lakes to uh fish and all that? # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 030: like at the dams and Interviewer: Yeah okay how about some different kinds of elevations of land something that 030: #1 Up a hill up a # Interviewer: #2 Yeah higher. # 030: #1 uh in the mountains and # Interviewer: #2 Alright. # Anything between a hill and a mountain in height. A little higher than a than a hill. 030: Like a bank? Interviewer: Yeah, well on a door you might say the door handle or you might say the door? 030: Knob. Interviewer: Now do you know that word in relation to to a um hills? 030: Uh yeah up on the knob but I've heard of it, but I've always used it as a place where like uh you come by the kids would come by say you coming up on the knob tonight and you say yeah. #1 Are you coming up on the knob this evening we could you know something like that. Uh like a meeting place. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh now what was the knob is that a place? # 030: #1 Up just a place where you went. Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Any place? # 030: Well no not really couldn't be any place because it would usually be up and away from everybody. We had one when I was a kid but we and we called it the knob. It was just a place that we went when we got everybody got through with their work. Your parents knew where you were. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 030: And you know you just went there I guess. Interviewer: #1 I see. # 030: #2 {NW} # Just a place. Interviewer: Okay Um it wasn't necessarily was it was it like a hill? 030: Yeah, you had to go up a hill. Interviewer: Where was that in relation to here? 030: Uh well see now like Um this is all on the east side so go like we used to go down on the bank by the river Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: and this is where the knob was. Interviewer: I see, right near the river. 030: Yeah, there was um you just #1 for us it wasn't very far maybe like two blocks or three blocks and # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # 030: #1 when you got through in the evening and uh maybe uh in the morning you slide off just do anything you want just just a morning slide. # Interviewer: #2 I see. # 030: #1 We didn't have a park so we went up on the knob to play. # Interviewer: #2 I see. Okay. # Now um between the mountains you sometimes can see between two mountains you know there's a slight like a little cut in there what would you call that? 030: {NS} Um. {NS} #1 like mountains coming up on one side and then you look oh and say # Interviewer: #2 Yeah well this well I was thinking of well like uh # you know you might uh if you have uh if you're fiddling with a piece of wood you might cut a little? 030: Notch. Interviewer: #1 Yeah, have you ever used that in in you never use that in in relation to uh to uh # 030: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 to a place uh up in the mountains or something and a notch a notch up in the mountains? # 030: #2 Uh-uh. # Interviewer: Okay um if and if you were up in a um you might if you're up on a a uh mountain and there's a sharp faced put uh thing to drop. 030: A cliff? Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 030: #2 Up the cliff. # Interviewer: Alright and the plural I'd say there are two? 030: Uh cliffs? Interviewer: #1 Alright and a place where ships stop and boats uh you know boats and ships stop and. Uh yeah. # 030: #2 At the dock? # Interviewer: And now I'd like just to tell me about the different kinds of roads there are in you know around here. 030: #1 You mean like dirt roads and gravel and uh bumpy roads concrete kind of you know things like # Interviewer: #2 Sure. Yeah. Okay. Well, # you said concrete and gravel and dirt what other kinds? That's the kind of thing I'm talking about exactly. 030: Well that's just about it. All the ones full of chuckholes. Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm. Okay. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Uh what would you call a a large road like western? How would you distinguish western and college? Now western is something bigger than college, so how would you? 030: Narrow. College is narrow, and western is wider, but it's Interviewer: Hmm. Well, see I meant something would you call that a more like a thoroughfare? Is this a side street or a or a? 030: Yeah. Uh uh you would say like Interviewer: A byway or a neighborhood road or something? 030: Yeah, and you would call this street college street is oh uh well I wouldn't call it well #1 I would say western is a busy street, so be careful. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. Yeah. # 030: #1 And college street I just wouldn't worry about it. It's not too much traffic. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # And then how about a small uh something like a road that comes up from the from the uh from the public road to the house? 030: Like an alley? Interviewer: You know, would that be in front? 030: #1 No, alley had to be was usually in the back of the house? # Interviewer: #2 Would you call that an alley? # Okay how about just something in front like 030: A driveway? Interviewer: Yeah, well a driveway you drive up, but how about something you walk up? 030: Oh. A pathway? Interviewer: Alright, that's fine. Now uh the place in the city when you're walking down you don't walk in the street usually, you walk on the 030: Sidewalk. Interviewer: Now, if you had grass between the sidewalk and the street. You know what I mean? You know that patch? 030: Like a on the ma- well you mean like on the mall we have here? Interviewer: #1 Well I mean like on some some and some some neighborhoods # 030: #2 On a boulevard? # Interviewer: #1 Now a boulevard is in the middle, isn't # 030: #2 Yeah. # #1 But uh if you have a sidewalk and then grass here, # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # Yeah. 030: you still call it the sidewalk. Interviewer: #1 Okay, you'd still just call it just call it part of the the walk is that # 030: #2 {NW} Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: And a little something you might pick up and throw at a at a chase a dog away. You might 030: A rock? Interviewer: You say I 030: #1 Pitched a rock.. I threw a rock. # Interviewer: #2 Alright. # And then uh if you went over to a friend's house and rang the bell and got no answer you say well I guess she isn't 030: Home. Interviewer: And now how do you how do you drink coff- some different ways of drinking coffee? You can drink coffee 030: Hot. Uh black. With cream with sugar. Interviewer: Alright. Now you said black. Is there any other way you might express that other than saying drinking black? Drinking it? 030: Straight. Interviewer: Alright how about without 030: #1 Without uh cream? # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # Did you ever hear that called drinking it barefoot or barefooted? 030: No. Interviewer: #1 Never did? That's {X} # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Black coffee. If you hadn't seen someone for a long time, you might come home and tell a friend guess who I ran 030: Into today. Interviewer: Okay. Um and if you gave they gave the child the same name as the father they might say that we named the child 030: Junior? Interviewer: Or after. 030: #1 After. # Interviewer: #2 For or after probably. # 030: Yeah, for his father probably. Interviewer: Alright and a four legged animal that barks is a? 030: Dog. Interviewer: And a a call to a dog to attack another dog? 030: Is sic him. Interviewer: Okay and a dog of mixed breed you'd call that a? 030: Uh {NW} Interviewer: #1 Yeah or # 030: #2 A stray dog. # Interviewer: Any other name that 030: Mongrel. Interviewer: Alright, that'd be fine. How about a little dog that uh is a small yappy dog? Would you have a special name for 030: No, not really. Just a little dog. Interviewer: Okay and someone you'd say he was what by a dog? 030: #1 Bitten by a dog. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # Did you ever use the expression dog bit? He was dog bit? Does that sound at all familiar or comfortable to you? 030: Um I've heard it. I've heard people say uh {D: the part} uh you know like I could go in for work and somebody say you know that uh #1 that boy right there that's the one that was dog bit going there. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 030: I've heard it. Interviewer: You've heard it you but it isn't uh you wouldn't use it? 030: No, not hardly. Interviewer: Okay. And a um the uh animal that you get milk from is a? 030: Cow? Interviewer: Yeah, and the male is called a? 030: A bull. Interviewer: Did you ever hear that called any other name besides bull? 030: No. Interviewer: Alright, and if a cow is going to give birth to a young one, you'd say Daisy is going to 030: Let me see. What did they call that? Uh what they call a calving? Interviewer: Okay. Uh and the animal riding animal is called a? 030: A horse. Interviewer: And the plural. 030: Horses. Interviewer: And the female is called a? Female horse. You know the song well she used to be the old gray 030: Mare. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # And a little boy is in bed and he fell? 030: Out. Interviewer: And something they pitch at stakes. A game. 030: Are horseshoes. Interviewer: And the horse wears these on his? 030: Feet. Interviewer: Or? 030: Uh hooves. Interviewer: Yeah, the singular is just one? 030: Hoof. Interviewer: Alright, and a the animal they get uh uh the the sheep you know what the male sheep is called? 030: #1 A male sheep. No. # Interviewer: #2 Male sheep. How about female sheep? # 030: Mm-mm. Interviewer: And the stuff on the sheep's back? 030: Wool. Interviewer: And the animal they get pork from is a? 030: Pig. Interviewer: And the big one's called a? 030: Hog. Interviewer: Alright, and you know what the male is called? Uh you know what the female is called? 030: No. Interviewer: Okay, the things that a the big things that uh that an elephant has. Two big ivory? 030: Tusks. Interviewer: Alright, and the um just the singular would be just one? 030: Tusk. Interviewer: And the thing that a hog eats from is a? 030: Trough. Interviewer: Alright, two of those would be two? 030: Um #1 Troughs I guess. {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Okay. {X} # Uh now the on a um on a toothbrush those things are called? 030: Bristles. Interviewer: And to render a horse or bull or calf or cat or more sterile male, you'd say they're going to 030: Castrate 'em? Interviewer: Alright. Right. Now you know the name what they call the sound when the calf make the uh calf makes being weaned when a calf is weaned they call that or the sound a cow makes at feeding time. 030: Like isn't is it uh it's not bleating? Interviewer: No. 030: But I I don't know. Interviewer: Oh bleating. What would you associate bleating with? 030: Um um sheep or something like that. Interviewer: Okay. And a um a hen on an egg you'd call a? 030: A sitting hen. Interviewer: Sure, and the little thing that a a chicken lives in is a? 030: Chicken coop. Interviewer: And the bone that kids like to pull on is? 030: A wishbone. Interviewer: Yeah, did you have any any superstitions or games you used to play with the wishbone? 030: Yeah. Interviewer: Do you remember what they were? 030: You get the big end, and your wish will come true. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 030: #2 You make a wish and pull it. # Interviewer: Uh-huh. 030: It's uh Interviewer: Okay. And and do you have a name for the comp- comprehensive uh term you know for the edible insides of a pig or a calf? 030: Uh ch- like chitterlings? Interviewer: Now that would be just a hog 030: Guts. Interviewer: #1 Yeah. Okay. # 030: #2 Uh. # Interviewer: Now um did you have a name for how about something liver and {X} 030: Onions? Interviewer: Yeah, how about liver and lights? Did you ever eat lights? 030: No. Interviewer: Never did. Okay, the time when the animals are given their food is called? 030: Feeding time. Interviewer: Alright, and to get you know how they call a cow in from the cows in from the pasture? 030: {NW} No. Interviewer: Or sheep or how they call in uh how they get a cow to stand still? It uh when they're milking? 030: Oh do do they feed her? Interviewer: Well, okay uh now the uh to get a horse started, they say? 030: Get up. Interviewer: And to get the horse to stop, they say 030: Whoa. Interviewer: And calls to pigs {X} 030: Call 'em? Interviewer: Yeah. 030: #1 I don't know. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # And the thing you put on a horse if you're gonna take it out and drive it. 030: A harness? Interviewer: Alright, and the things you hold onto are called? 030: The reins. Interviewer: And the um things you put your feet in. 030: Stirrups. Interviewer: Do you know what you call the horse on the left in plowing? 030: #1 Call him on the left? # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # The one that's on the left. The one that's walks in the furrow. {X} 030: Is he a lead horse? Interviewer: Oh that's right. Sure. Um and then if something isn't a cons- a very you know considerable distance away you say oh that's just a little? 030: #1 Uh just a short distance. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah, and if it's a considerable distance you might say it's? # 030: A long way off. Interviewer: Alright and if something isn't hard to find someone's you know very concerned about finding some say that's nothing to worry about you can find that almost? 030: Anytime. Interviewer: Okay um and the things the trenches cut by a plow are called? 030: #1 The trenches that are cut by a plow? # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 030: #1 Let me see. # Interviewer: #2 That you plant in. # 030: Uh rows? Interviewer: Okay or fur- 030: Furrows? Interviewer: Yeah, and say a farmer is very happy he says we were were raised a big of wheat, a big? 030: Crop. Interviewer: #1 Alright, and uh to get all the shrubs and trees off the land they might say they? # 030: #2 {NW} # Cleared it. Interviewer: Alright, and uh if uh the the grass and clover came up again, they might call that a they were to cut it again, they might call that a 030: {X} If you weeding it? #1 I don't know. # Interviewer: #2 No, I was thinking of a second cutting or a volunteer crop. Do either one of those familiar to you? # Uh oh and wheat is harvested what they call what they tie them up in? 030: Bundles? Interviewer: Alright, and then maybe they take all the bundles and put them together and make a? 030: Stack. Interviewer: Alright, and then you have thirty-nine bushels of wheat and add you add thirty-ni- you had one bushel of wheat and you add thirty nine more, then you'd have forty 030: Bushels. Interviewer: Alright. And something that uh this was done to oats. They'd have to cut oats and then they'd have to thr- 030: Thresh 'em? Interviewer: Sure. Um and if you're talking in the distance from one place to another, you might say two miles this is the greatest distance you can go. You just can't go beyond you should say two miles is the I could go. 030: #1 As far as I could go. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # And if something belongs to me, you'd say it's? 030: Yours. Interviewer: And if it belongs to you, you'd say it's? 030: Mine. Interviewer: And if it belongs to them, you'd say it's? 030: Theirs. Interviewer: And if it belonged to uh, you'd say it's? 030: Ours. Interviewer: And if it belonged to him? 030: His. Interviewer: And to her? 030: Hers. Interviewer: And if you wanted to know when someone was coming back, you might say when are? 030: #1 Oh, when will you be back or when are you coming back? # Interviewer: #2 Alright. # Now would you use that what if there were four people, and you were talking to all of 'em, what might you say? 030: Uh are you coming back or are you all coming back? Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Alright, now uh would you ever say if you were talking about would you ever use the expression like you all's car? Y'all's car as in the {D: nifty} y'all's car and drive away or something like that? 030: No. Uh maybe. I don't know. I doubt it very seriously, but I might. Interviewer: Alright. Uh can you think of a situation in which you'd use it? 030: What you all Interviewer: You all's. You know, in the possessive. 030: Mm-mm. Uh maybe I would say you all come back to see me, but not about anybody's #1 you know no. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # And if you want to know everything a person said might you say what uh 030: What? I want to know everything what they said? Interviewer: Yeah, or might you ever say what all? 030: Uh, what did you talk about? Interviewer: Mm-hmm or what would you ever say what all did they say? 030: #1 Uh # Interviewer: #2 Does that sound familiar? What all? # 030: Yeah. #1 I might would say well what all did she say or what all did they say or. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # Okay. And uh a loaf a different kind now tell me about the different kinds of bread. Did your mother used to bake bread? 030: No. Interviewer: Alright. What kinds of bread did you was it all you get all your bread at the store? 030: #1 No well she made biscuits, but she didn't make loaves of bread. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. Uh. # What kind of bread are made in loaves? Kinds of breads? 030: Well wheat, rye, pumpernickel. Interviewer: Okay, what other things did she make anything else with um with wheat flour besides biscuits? Or did she make the biscuits with corn meal? 030: #1 No, she made them with flour like cakes and # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # 030: #1 stuff like that. # Interviewer: #2 Alright, yeah what uh what kinds did she make anything with corn meal at all? # 030: Corn bread. Interviewer: Alright, and how was that prepared? 030: #1 You mean # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 030: #1 in a skillet or did she have uh? # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 030: Well, she could make it in corn pones or corn muffins. We had it all. Interviewer: #1 She had the skillet made what's it called when you had the skillet? # 030: #2 Yes, she made. Oh. # She cooked it. All of her corn bread was cooked in a heavy skillet. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: She wouldn't cook it in anything else. Interviewer: Now did she did she ever cook uh any any did that skillet have legs on it? 030: #1 No. # Interviewer: #2 Was that normal by-? Alright, did she ever made anything that was kind of thin almost like a pancake? # With um 030: Corn meal? Interviewer: Yeah. 030: uh she used to make meat corn fritters. Interviewer: #1 Uh. # 030: #2 {NW} # But this had corn in it. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: But it wasn't uh #1 she used to my grandmother used to make me Johnnycakes. I think that's what she called it or something. # Interviewer: #2 Yep, Johnnycakes. Okay, now now what were they like? # 030: They were just like a pancake only it was made out of corn meal and it was real thin. Interviewer: Okay. Interviewer: Did um uh Did anybody ever make of course you didn't have a you don't you never had a regular wood fire place any anywhere did you? 030: No. Interviewer: Okay, did you ever make anything growing up the um um uh corn meal in like a little ball and dropping it into hot grease? 030: N- um {NW} no but I know uh I don't ever recall my mother doing it. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: #1 Uh # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # 030: #1 but I've had some of what you're talking about uh when you buy that um at the store. I mean when you buy it like # Interviewer: #2 What are they? # 030: What do they call it now? #1 I don't remember what you call- I can't think- Hush puppies. That's right. Uh-huh. # Interviewer: #2 {X} Okay, and if you bought bread at the store you I mean if you bought bread at at home, you'd call that # #1 homemade bread. If you bought it at the store, you'd call it # 030: #2 Homemade bread. # Light bread. Everybody did. Interviewer: Okay. 030: Get a loaf of light bread. Interviewer: And something that has a hole in the middle that you? 030: A donut? Interviewer: Yeah. And this was something like a Johnnycake except it was made with flour and maybe thinner and you put syrup and butter on it. 030: Uh like a hoecake or a pancake? Interviewer: Alright, now were hoecakes were were hoecakes different from Jonnycakes or was that the same thing? 030: It was almost the same thing and you know like if my grandmother made us hoecakes or Johnnycakes and pancakes, we ate it all with syrup. Interviewer: Now when she made when she made uh hoecakes would she use corn meal or or flour 030: #1 I don't really know. {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Alright. # Alright and if you had one pound of flour, add another say now I have two 030: Pounds. Interviewer: Alright and a uh the stuff that makes bread rise is called 030: Baking powder. Interviewer: And then sometimes it comes in a little cake. 030: Oh yeast? Interviewer: Yeah. And the center of an egg is called a? 030: Yolk. Interviewer: And the color of that is? 030: Or- uh Orange or yellow. Interviewer: #1 Sure, sure. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: And then the uh uh if you drop eggs in water or um you broke the shell #1 And you drop 'em in boiled water. # 030: #2 You're gonna poach it. # Interviewer: Alright, now if you if you had it if you didn't break the shell then you'd have 030: Boiled eggs. Interviewer: And now this is some different kinds of of meat from a hog from the side of the hog. What do you call that that meat from the 030: Side meat? Interviewer: Yeah, and how about the meat that's up more on the back? 030: Um. I don't know. {C: laughing} Interviewer: You ever do you ever call it middling? You ever hear of middling meat? 030: I've heard it, but I don't know. Interviewer: Alright, how about the meat from the under part of the hog? 030: Side belly? Interviewer: Sure, great. Now this on the side of the hog what did you call that meat you called it a side? If you had a whole big side of bacon. #1 You know, what would you call that? Would you call that a middling, a slab, or a side? # 030: #2 Mm-hmm. # #1 A slab more than anything. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # Did you ever have get bacon that way in those large pieces and you had to slice it yourself? 030: No. Interviewer: #1 Okay well bacon when it is that way, it has this hard crust on the outside. Do you know what that's called? # 030: #2 Uh. # Uh the rind. Interviewer: Exac- exactly. And then the uh and the stuff we're talking about is all different kinds of? 030: Meat. Interviewer: Or ba- 030: #1 Bacon. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # #1 And the man who who cuts meat is called a # 030: #2 A butcher. # Interviewer: And hog meat a kind of pork that has seasoning in it that is um uh ground up and uh uh sometimes and usually fried. Do you know what that's called? 030: Sausage? Interviewer: Yeah, sure. And if meat is left out too long isn't refrigerated, you'd say the meat is? 030: Spoiled. Interviewer: #1 Alright, and now you of course you never had any any hogs around that you that you alright. # 030: #2 No. # Interviewer: Do you know what they what they call this stuff they make from the when they take the hog's head and boil it? And take the meat off the head and mix it up with a kind of of um jellied substance or vinegar and 030: Is uh. Wait a minute. Let's see. Is it hog head cheese? Interviewer: Sure, that's one. 030: Um but in the sau- uh sauce meat or they do it with Interviewer: #1 Exactly, that's right. Sauce meat. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 No do you do you have you eaten sauce meat? {X} You know? Alright, are they the same thing? Sauce meat and # 030: #2 Not homemade, but I made it {X}. # Interviewer: And um uh hog's head cheese. 030: Now I don't really and truly know because I I don't know. I they could be. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Okay. 030: Cause I've heard people talk about hog head cheese. Interviewer: Right. 030: #1 But I never seen anybody make it or to my knowledge ever seen # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # Are are you familiar with any kind of sausage other than just pork sausage? 030: #1 Like smoked sausage? # Interviewer: #2 No, I mean something like anything made with liver. # 030: No. Interviewer: Or anything made with blood? 030: #1 Uh-uh. # Interviewer: #2 Alright, are you familiar with liver pudding? # Or liver sausage? #1 Alright, the um # 030: #2 Mm-mm. # Interviewer: the corn meal in juice from the head cheese sometimes mixed in with um uh together they come up with 'em and then they fry it, then they call that? 030: {X} Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 030: #2 Say what now? I didn't understand you. # Interviewer: Okay, this is corn meal. 030: Uh-huh. Interviewer: Corn meal in the juice, you see. Mixed up in the juice from either hog cheese or hog head cheese or liver sausage or something like that and then it's taken out and fried. Have you ever heard of scrapple or {D: cornhash} or cripple? 030: Mm-mm. Interviewer: Okay, you never heard of scrapple? 030: No. Interviewer: #1 Okay, that's fine. That's interesting. Now # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: butter that is that is left out too long gets? 030: Soft. Interviewer: Yeah, but if it if it so you can't eat it. If it 030: Rank? Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Now how about milk as it's be- beginning to turn? What stages does it go through? 030: It clabbers. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 How about before it clabbers? # 030: #1 When it's sour? # Interviewer: #2 {X} Yeah, just before it's starting to get that way. Have you ever # have you ever heard the expression either blue john or blinky for milk? 030: Mm-mm. Interviewer: Now when it gets close to clabber, then uh they sometimes make a cheese out of that You remember what they call that? 030: Cottage cheese? Interviewer: Right. 030: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 And uh a deep dish apple thing? # 030: Pie. Interviewer: Yeah, you have an apple pie, but it's very deep and then they put in one layer of pastry and then put some apples over it and kind of build it up that way. You ever seen one of those? 030: Mm. Interviewer: You know what that's called? 030: Apple cobbler. Interviewer: Okay. Uh and a sweet liquid served with a pudding? 030: #1 Um. # Interviewer: #2 It's # 030: #1 {NS} # Interviewer: #2 # 030: Let me see. What did they call it? It's uh a sauce. Interviewer: Okay, fine. Now a little something that you might eat between regular meals. 030: Snack. Interviewer: #1 Right. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: And you might ask someone how many meals have you? 030: Eaten. Interviewer: And you say I 030: #1 Had three or I ate three eat one more # Interviewer: #2 Or # Yeah, and I will one more. 030: Eat one more. Interviewer: Okay. And now I'm gonna go over and what's um it's the dark liquid that you put cream and sugar in. I'm gonna go over and go over to the to the stove and 030: But oh make some coffee. Interviewer: Okay. Um now a uh if you were thirsty just wanted a drink you might go over and get yourself a? 030: Drink. Interviewer: Of? 030: Water. Interviewer: Yeah, and you but you'd get that usually in a? 030: Glass? Interviewer: Alright, and if you drop that on the ground, you'd say now the glass is? 030: Broken. Interviewer: And someone might ask you how many glasses of water have you? 030: Uh had? Interviewer: Or? 030: Drank. Interviewer: And you say well I three I 030: I had- I drank three. Interviewer: And I will? 030: Uh drink one more. Interviewer: Okay. If you had some friends over at the house and they'd come in and they they're standing around the table you might invite them you might just say go ahead and 030: #1 Eat, {X} uh sit down, have a seat. # Interviewer: #2 Or sit {X} yeah okay and then if now they're sitting down # and you start to pass the food around, you would have a? You might have a big bowl of potatoes and you pass that around, you might say to them? 030: Help yourself. Interviewer: Alright, and if you were at the table and someone said that to you, then you might go ahead and? 030: #1 Have some. # Interviewer: #2 And I help- # 030: Help myself. Interviewer: Yeah, you'd say yesterday I 030: Helped myself. Interviewer: Alright. And if you had you had a uh they had passed the dish over to you that you really didn't care much for you didn't like 030: #1 I'd say no thank you. {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # And if um uh if you had a big roast on a Sunday and then you were gonna have the same thing on Monday, you'd say now today we're just having 030: Leftovers. Interviewer: Alright, and you put food in your mouth and you? 030: Eat? Interviewer: And you? 030: Chew? Interviewer: Yeah. Now if you have corn meal and mix that with milk or water and then boil it? 030: {X} Interviewer: Yeah. #1 And make- they sometimes they old people eat it and children eat it a lot of people # 030: #2 Oh oh um. Wait a minute, wait a minute. # #1 Oh, I've I've I've never eaten it but I heard of it. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 030: It's mush. Interviewer: Right. 030: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Right. # 030: {NW} Interviewer: Okay. Uh did you ever hear it called push? did your grandparents ever use that word push? 030: No. #1 I I had # Interviewer: #2 Push push or mush push. You've never heard that? # 030: Mm-mm. I heard 'em say make the baby some mush. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Okay, now uh beans and peas and corn are all different kinds of? 030: Vegetables. Interviewer: And you grow them out in a? 030: Garden. Interviewer: Alright. And coarsely ground corn is called? It's corn and it's white and sometimes they all 030: Hominy? Interviewer: #1 Yeah. What's that? # 030: #2 No, it's # Hominy. Interviewer: Yeah, and then what- sometimes when you eat it in a restaurant, you get it with eggs, for instance. They don't eat- they usually call it? 030: Um. {X} Interviewer: Oh, I'm sure how- they call it hominy gri- 030: Hominy grits. Interviewer: #1 Sure, yeah. # 030: #2 Y- yeah. # Interviewer: And this is a kind of vegetable. They're a kind of uh it's like a vegetable. It's white and you- They boil it. They boil it, it gets larger and kind of fluffy, and just often eat it with chicken. 030: Dumplings? Interviewer: Yeah, except this is something that grows in South Carolina down around the coast, and it 030: Wait a minute. Wait a minute. Tell me say what do you do with it now? Interviewer: Yeah. You you come dry in a package and you put it in water in boiling water and then it gets it expands and gets soft and fluffy and it's uh you eat it instead of potatoes usually you have this you don't have potatoes. 030: Rice? Interviewer: Sure. 030: #1 Yeah. {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Okay, what was wrong with the way I described it? How would you have described it? # 030: I mean if you hadn't said like uh anything but that is #1 I mean if you hadn't said uh that it came in a small package, # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 030: #1 I maybe would have understood it better, but you were just making me believe it was just one thing you just use this # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 030: #1 One piece. {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Oh I see. I got you. Yeah, I see you're right. Sure, sure. That's good. # Okay, do you know any names for cheap whiskey or uh um uh or uh or a home brewed whiskey that #1 they- they frequently use? # 030: #2 Uh like splo? # White lightning. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: White whiskey. Interviewer: Yeah, what was the first one? 030: Splo. Interviewer: Splo? 030: Yeah. {C: laughing} Interviewer: #1 Uh. Oh. Uh-huh. # 030: #2 Yeah. {NW} # That is a terrible drink. Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 030: #2 {NW} # People didn't drink splo or eel. Interviewer: #1 Yeah, what- # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Is that the is what's splo? Is that is that the 030: Uh, it's um I don't know what you w- how you I don't have any idea how it's even made but it's uh Interviewer: It's not the same thing as white lightning? 030: No. I mean well maybe it's a little worse than white lightning I would say. Interviewer: Do you know why it's called splo? #1 Cause it makes you 'splode. # 030: #2 {NW} # No, I don't know what uh no particular I've always heard of uh people that uh this is man's a splo drinker Interviewer: #1 Uh. # 030: #2 you know. # Well, really what it means is a bum. Interviewer: #1 Alright. Yeah. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 Is that's a homemade brew, though? Bet it is, huh? # 030: #2 Yeah. Uh-huh. # Interviewer: Okay, did you ever hear it called anything else other than white lightning or 030: #1 Well now there is a home brew that people make on their own but this is # Interviewer: #2 Yeah, right. # But I was thinking of something like pop skull or bust head or- have you ever heard any of those? 030: No. Interviewer: Okay. Uh if uh something now you were telling me before with what is that you put on pancakes? 030: Syrup. Interviewer: And the the thing that you um uh you use to um uh you might use jam or you might use? 030: Jelly. Interviewer: Alright. And then if something isn't artificial, you might say it's artificial or you might say it's just a real McCoy you know it's not made out of this isn't this isn't artificial leather. 030: Genuine. Interviewer: Right. And then if uh uh did you ever use the term long sweetening and short sweetening? Do those terms have any meaning to you? For kinds of sugar. Um if someone had some apples, and you wanted one, you might say to that person please give. 030: #1 Uh, give me an apple please. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # We're talking about some boys, and I sat these boys, and you say no 030: Those boys. Interviewer: Alright, and you're telling where uh where something is say it it's uh it's not it's it's right o- over 030: Over there. Interviewer: Alright. And if we're talking about uh uh a um I'd say which man uh owns uh owns the orchard, and you say he's the man. What would you say? He- 030: #1 Uh you like you would say which man # Interviewer: #2 I ask you I say to you which man owns the orchard, you point over there and say he's the man. # 030: I say that's the one. Interviewer: What? Now say the whole thing. That- 030: That's the one #1 over there. # Interviewer: #2 W- # Well, what? That's the one. 030: Over there that owns the orchard. Interviewer: #1 Okay. And I ask you # 030: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: I might another question I might ask you I might ask you are y- are you a nurse, and you say no, I'm not a nurse, but I have a sister. 030: who's the nurse Interviewer: Alright. And what do you call the center of a cherry? 030: the center of a Interviewer: #1 Cherry. # 030: #2 what? # Interviewer: The part you can't eat. 030: Oh, the pit? Interviewer: Alright, and the center of a um of a peach. 030: It has a pit. Interviewer: Alright. 030: Or a peach seed. Interviewer: #1 Okay. Would you ever you but you wouldn't call it cherry seed, you'd call it cherry pit. # 030: #2 {NW} # Uh-huh. Interviewer: Alright, and a the uh now these are two different kinds of peaches. One separates easily, and one does not separate easily #1 you know from the from the seed. # 030: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: You have different names for for those? 030: Mm-mm. Interviewer: Like a cling or a 030: No, I uh no I don't think so. Interviewer: #1 Or freestone or clingstone? # 030: #2 Yeah, I well I know about them, but # you know just like if you go buy a peach, you wouldn't uh usually here they don't have the different Interviewer: #1 I see. Okay. # 030: #2 types of. # Interviewer: Now, the center of an apple is called a? 030: Core. Interviewer: Alright, and what kinds of nuts uh are you familiar. What kind of nuts grow underground? 030: Peanuts. Interviewer: Alright, do you ever call them anything else? 030: Goobers. Interviewer: Okay, and these are nuts that grow up on uh trees. 030: Pecans. Interviewer: #1 Yeah, and another kind. # 030: #2 Uh. # Interviewer: #1 Yeah, and these are these have a # 030: #2 Hazelnuts. # Interviewer: a hard covering and then they have a great big green kind of spongy covering over that. 030: Uh uh something like a- oh, a chestnut? Interviewer: Or black? 030: Walnut. Interviewer: Yeah, now what- what would you call that now the the uh what would you call a the outer covering of that? 030: The hull? Interviewer: Yeah, of the? 030: Walnut. Interviewer: #1 Alright, and then the the that's the hard cover is the hull. # 030: #2 Mm. # Interviewer: Now, what would you call that that? Do you have a name for that big soft covering or aren't you really #1 familiar with it? Not really, okay. # 030: #2 No. No. Mm-mm. # Interviewer: #1 Now this is a kind of of a vegetable that uh or a fruit that grows in Florida and it's um uh # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: It's uh you make juice from it. 030: Like orange? Interviewer: Yeah. Now if you want you want to make some orange juice and and you walk to the um into the kitchen and looked around and you say well I'm gonna have to go to the store because the oranges are? 030: Gone? Interviewer: Yeah, we had some, but now the you might say the say the whole thing the oranges are 030: ha- have been eat- Interviewer: #1 Yeah, and the oranges are all # 030: #2 Somebody's ate 'em all up. # All gone. Interviewer: Alright, and these are little red vegetables #1 about that big. # 030: #2 Radish? # Interviewer: Yeah, the plural? 030: Radishes. Yeah, and these are larger red things that grow on vines. Interviewer: You put a stick in the ground and 030: Oh, tomatoes. Interviewer: Sure, and then um the uh the small ones are called. Do you have a name for the small ones that are about this big around? 030: {NW} Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 030: #2 Small tomato? # #1 Uh salad tomatoes mostly. Uh-huh. # Interviewer: #2 Alright. # And then this is a kind of vegetable that grows underground. Uh, it's and you 030: Oh, potatoes? Interviewer: Sure, now what different kinds of these are there? 030: A white potato and a sweet potato. Interviewer: Do you ever call a sweet potato anything else besides just a sweet potato? 030: No, uh yams. I mean, but I don't call them that. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: #1 I know if somebody say yams to me, I know what they mean. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # Okay, and this is the kind of vegetable when you cut it it makes your eyes water. 030: Onion. Interviewer: Alright, and do you have a name for the small ones? 030: Uh. {NS} Oh. Yeah, but I can't think of wait a minute. Interviewer: #1 Sure. # 030: #2 {NW} # Oh, what you go ones uh. I can't think of it. Interviewer: Well, would you ever use a term like spring onion or shallots or scallions? 030: Scallions and spring onions. Interviewer: #1 Okay, good. # 030: #2 Yes. # Interviewer: And now um what kinds of beans are there are you familiar with? 030: Um. You mean dried beans Interviewer: #1 Well, all kinds. # 030: #2 Or? # Interviewer: Just the general- generally I mean what are the beans that- yeah. 030: Green beans and dried beans? Interviewer: Okay. Now, what's the uh now what kinds of a when you're taking dried beans out of their covering you say you're going to? 030: Hull. Interviewer: Alright, and the uh what kinds of beans are there that fall into this category? 030: Uh, that's a pea. #1 and a pod, but you know. # Interviewer: #2 Yes. {X} # 030: #1 And uh # Interviewer: #2 Well, beans are bigger, though. # 030: #1 That you hull? Yeah, um # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 030: {NW} Oh. {NS} I can't even think of it, but I know Interviewer: #1 Well. Okay, shell beans, shelly beans. Do you ever do you ever use the term sivvy beans? # 030: #2 Shell beans. Uh shelly beans. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #1 Are you familiar with sivvy beans or uh lima beans or butter beans? # 030: #2 No. # Interviewer: {NS} 030: Yeah, yeah. {C: background noise} Interviewer: Which of those? 030: Lima beans and uh butter beans. Interviewer: Okay. Now these other beans though that you don't shell those or you just- but you just- those are just called. 030: A string bean? Interviewer: Yeah. 030: A green bean. Interviewer: Alright. And then how about the edible tops of turnips? 030: Turnip greens? Interviewer: Yeah, and any other vegetables with the tops that you that you also eat the same way? Other than turnip greens. 030: I don't hardly think so. Interviewer: #1 Alright, how about the uh on an ear of corn? The thing you have to pull off. # 030: #2 Carrots. # The husk. Interviewer: Alright, and the um uh the uh. Um when you eat corn uh you're eating it that way you say you're eating corn. 030: On the cob. Interviewer: Alright, you ever call that anything else besides corn on the cob? 030: Oh. Interviewer: Roasting ears, have you ever heard that? 030: Yeah. But I thought a roasting ear was when you uh roast it on like on a r- on a {NW} um what do you call that thing? Interviewer: #1 A rotisserie? I see, but you've never you you never use you'd never call # 030: #2 Uh, yes, and. # Interviewer: #1 just any corn on the cob a roasting ear? Okay, that's good. That's what I # 030: #2 No. Uh-uh. # Interviewer: Now how about the the top of a corn stalk? That thing up at the top. 030: {X} Interviewer: Or a graduation cap. The thing that. 030: Oh, a tassel? Interviewer: Sure. 030: Uh-huh. Interviewer: And how corn's on a on an ear of corn that that stuff that you have. 030: Corn silk? Interviewer: Yeah. And the this is a kind of of a vegetable that grows out of the garden they're all different shapes some of them are long shaped like gourds #1 and the zucchini's one kind. Yeah. # 030: #2 A squash? # Interviewer: Uh, and then what kinds of melons are you familiar with? 030: Uh watermelons. #1 Honeydew. Cantaloupes. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # What different kinds of um of watermelons do you know of off-hand? 030: I don't know the names for 'em, but I just buy watermelon by the shape generally. Interviewer: Okay. Alright, now the uh these are little things that look like little umbrellas that grow out in the fields and people go out and pick them. 030: Daisies? Interviewer: #1 Yeah, well these you eat and then you slice them and eat them with steak, for example. They're shaped like little umbrellas. # 030: #2 Oh. Oh, mushrooms. # Interviewer: Sure, now do you know what the poison ones are called? 030: Um. Yeah, but let me think about it now. Mushroom. Toadstools. Interviewer: Okay, and if you had something stuck in your throat, you say I couldn't 030: Swallow. Interviewer: Alright. #1 And if uh say can you do this and you say no I # 030: #2 {NW} # Can't. Interviewer: And say I'm really tired because I what all day I 030: #1 Worked all day? # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # Um would you ever use done worked all day in any special kind of a situation? 030: Mm-mm. #1 Like. No, not. # Interviewer: #2 Alright. # And if someone you think someone should do something you might say he ought to do it you say you know he ought to do that now if he if you don't think so you might say he. 030: He shouldn't. Interviewer: Shouldn't do it. Would you ever say he ought'nt hadn't ought to do that? 030: No, but I've heard it. Interviewer: Alright. I say will you do this and you say no I 030: Will not. Interviewer: No, I w- 030: No, I won't. Interviewer: And um I'd say could you do that, and you say well I. 030: Might or I could. Interviewer: Alright, would you ever say I might could? 030: #1 No. # Interviewer: #2 Might could do it. You wouldn't say that? # Okay um if someone you thought someone was going to help you but the person didn't help you you might say you'd say why now that person he can help me he what? 030: He might help me. Interviewer: Sure. Or might've helped me. 030: Might have. Yeah. Interviewer: Now um this is a kind of a bird that makes a hooting sound. 030: An owl. Interviewer: Yeah. And they there are two different now. How there's another kind that doesn't make a hooting sound. Do you know what that? 030: You mean like a night bird? Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 030: #2 Or just a bird? # Interviewer: No, it's a it's a it's a kind of an owl, but now there's some owls hoot and some owls. 030: I don't know about that. Interviewer: #1 They're just all owls to you. Okay, alright. Now this is a kind of bird you see up in a tree and # 030: #2 {NW} Yeah. # Interviewer: pecks at the wood. 030: Woodpecker? Interviewer: Alright. And this is a kind of animal that has did you ever call a woodpecker anything else? Remember your grandparents calling it anything else? #1 Alright, and this is a kind of animal that has a white stripe down its back. # 030: #2 Mm-mm. # A skunk. Interviewer: Did you ever call that anything else? Alright, and troublesome animals or insects especially animals um any animals that uh that might bother people's chickens or gardens and so forth they sometimes call them? 030: {NS} A fox. Interviewer: Yeah, a fox. What kind exactly? Interviewer: In the time. Now you said uh just tell me once more who you are, I won't ask you again. 030: Uh. Interviewer: #1 I promise. # 030: #2 {NW} # Like a weasel or a snake or something. Interviewer: Okay. Now what do you call these um uh little animals that they run around and they climb up trees and they have bushy tails? 030: squirrels Interviewer: yeah and then um and are there any different kinds of these that you're familiar with? 030: uh n- n- only that I read flying squirrels Interviewer: alright 030: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Are they all the same color? # 030: I think one is a little darker than the other some of 'em are gray Interviewer: yeah 030: and some of 'em are brown Interviewer: okay um have you ever heard of a mountain boomer? 030: no Interviewer: alright uh what do you call these little ones that never get off the ground at all they just run around 030: I didn't even know there was any #1 kind # Interviewer: #2 Okay # like a chipmunk or a ground squirrel or a 030: a chipmunk I've heard of but not a ground squirrel Interviewer: alright and these things that have pearls in 'em when you open or break them open 030: oh oysters? Interviewer: yeah, and these things make a croaking sound they 030: frogs Interviewer: yeah and the uh the big ones that you find down along river banks or 030: uh call 'em {D: I think} uh uh they have a name for it but I don't know what it is is it a Interviewer: bull 030: bull frog but it Interviewer: and you know what the ones that always stay on the ground or on the land are called they never go in the water 030: no Interviewer: alright uh a toad 030: a toad frog yes Interviewer: or the little ones that after a rain sometimes you see great numbers of you ever seen those? 030: yeah um but I just still call 'em a frog I don't know Interviewer: okay and these things that are used for bait 030: uh like uh minnows Interviewer: yeah that's right and these other things you dig out of the ground 030: worms Interviewer: yeah do you have any special do you just call them generally worms or do you have special 030: no just worms Interviewer: okay and the um uh things with the hard shell 030: a turtle? Interviewer: yeah and the ones now are those in water or on land 030: uh in water and land i guess Interviewer: Okay, you don't have any special names for 030: {NW} Interviewer: and how about these things that see 'em in creeks branches where they crawl backwards 030: uh crayfish or Interviewer: Yeah. 030: crawfish Interviewer: Do you ever call 'em anything else? That's what I, exactly what I mean 030: no. Interviewer: These things that fly around a candle. 030: Uh uh gnats? Interviewer: These are bigger. 030: Um moths. Interviewer: Yeah and just one would be called one 030: Um a moth. #1 I think that's what they called. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # And these things that light up? 030: Lightning bugs. Interviewer: And these have long filmy wings and they fly around close to the 030: On wa- over water? Interviewer: Yeah. 030: I've seen 'em but I don't really know what they are. Interviewer: Well, have you ever heard of the, of any these terms? {NW} uh a dragonfly 030: #1 No. # Interviewer: #2 Or a # 030: I've heard of a dragonfly. Interviewer: Have you ever seen one? 030: Not that I know of. Interviewer: Have you ever heard them call it anything like a snake doctor or a 030: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 snake feeder or # mosquito hawk? 030: #1 Snake doctor I've heard of. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 Snake doctor? Okay. # I- is that what your your grandparents might have called 'em you think or? 030: Uh my grandfather I'm sure. Interviewer: Called it a snake doctor. 030: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Uh Uh the um uh um Could you name some different kinds of stinging insects? 030: Like mosquitoes Interviewer: mm-hmm 030: um Interviewer: Well the mosquitoes are fairly gentle compared to some of these other ones. 030: Oh um yellow jackets and bumble bees and bees Interviewer: And big brown what? wa- was- 030: Oh a wasp. Interviewer: Yeah. And now what would the plural of that be? 030: um Interviewer: Then what would the singular be 030: A wasp I guess. Interviewer: The plural would be the same thing? 030: Yeah to me I Interviewer: Okay. um and then these if you're walking around in the in the Have you ever seen the nests that any of these make? 030: Um {NW} yeah But I'm trying to think of what it was that made a nest over on my back porch, I know What do you call them? um Interviewer: um what? 030: Yeah. Interviewer: Was it a kind of dauper or dauber? 030: A dauber I guess. But this uh I've seen a mud dauber I seen this in the country. Interviewer: yeah. 030: Because this was in the house. Uh they make them in the house and any- everywhere. Interviewer: {X} 030: But the one what I was talking about they made this out on my back porch and it they don't make in the house. Interviewer: Ah I see. Okay. And how about these uh um What was that nest like? 030: Um hornets. that's what they were. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 030: I guess that what they call 'em. Interviewer: They sting though. 030: Yeah. Interviewer: #1 {X} # 030: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 Uh. # 030: #2 Very much. # Interviewer: The um now this is a kind of a bug you're walking out in the woods it gets under your skin. They dig into your skin. 030: Um chiggers. Interviewer: Yeah. Right. And then these things you're walking along in the grass you see them jump up all of the sudden. 030: Uh grasshopper? Interviewer: Sure. And then uh a nest wi- a the spider weaves. 030: A web? Interviewer: Yeah. and it okay would you call it the same thing indoors or out? 030: What, a spider web? Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 030: #2 Uh # Yeah. Interviewer: And then the parts of a tree that go underground. 030: The roots? Interviewer: Alright, and what kinds of trees grow around here? 030: well, magnolia um some oak i guess. uh some elm just I don't know. Interviewer: Okay. how about one that has a long it's a big gray tree with long kind of 030: A weeping willow? Interviewer: Yeah how about sycam-? 030: Sycamore? I yeah we have some of them. Interviewer: And George Washington chopped down a? 030: Cherry tree. Interviewer: And the kind of a did you ever hear of a shoemake's or shoemaker or a sumac? 030: Mm-mm. Interviewer: That's kind of a bush. How about something you get a rash from? 030: um ivy. poison ivy and poison oak. Interviewer: Okay. Do you know uh how they differ? From one another? 030: No, um not really. Interviewer: Okay so different kinds of berries. 030: {NW} like blackberries and mulberries and uh let's see, strawberries but there's one kind that that's a poison berry but I can't think of the name Pokeberry. Interviewer: Okay that's poisonous. 030: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Uh and then uh this is the you mentioned magnolia before and how about something similar to magnolia that starts with an R, a ro- rotor. 030: A ro- rodinia? Interviewer: Rhododendron. 030: Rhododendron. Interviewer: Yeah. Uh or a mount laurel, are you familiar with that? 030: Mm-mm. Interviewer: uh if a you're speaking about the man you're married to you might say, I must as my 030: Husband. Interviewer: And he might say I must ask my 030: Wife. Interviewer: And a woman uh whose husband is dead is a 030: Widow. Interviewer: And they uh uh those people that raised you, they were your 030: Uh grandparents. Interviewer: Yeah or your 030: Parents. Interviewer: Yeah and they were, the male was your? 030: grand- uh uh father. Interviewer: And the female? 030: My mother. Interviewer: And what did you call your father when you were a little girl? 030: Daddy. Interviewer: And your mother? 030: M-mama. Interviewer: Did you always call her the same thing as you grew up or did you? 030: N-no we've changed since my children grew up we call my mother now we call her Bertha. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What what do your children call you? 030: Cokey. Interviewer: Are they? Okay and how how come? Why? 030: That's my nickname. Everybody calls me Cokey and they've always. And I tried real early to get them to call me mama but they never did. Interviewer: What- what is- why Cokey? What's what's the uh is there? 030: I guess because Secolia is so hard to remember, I don't know. Ever since I can remember they've always called me Cokey. Interviewer: How do you spell your name? 030: S-E-C-O-L-I-A. Interviewer: Uh-huh got it. What was your maiden name? 030: Freeman. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And what was your mother's maiden name? 030: Chamberlain. Interviewer: And your grandmother? uh. 030: I don't remember. um. And I've heard it any number of times. Mm. I can't think of it. Interviewer: Wha- uh what did you call your grandfather? 030: Grandpa. Interviewer: And your grandmother? 030: I've always called her grandmother. Interviewer: And when you speak about your own offspring, you call them your? 030: Kids. Interviewer: Do you ever call them anything else? 030: My children. Interviewer: Alright. And you have a uh um a like a name that they give a child. they call that a 030: Nickname. Interviewer: Yeah. or like a pet- Did you ever hear the term like a basket name or a pet name? 030: Now pet name yes. Interviewer: And the thing you put a baby in when you take it out for a walk? 030: Um, stroller? or either a carriage. Interviewer: Yes. Are those two different things? 030: Yeah they're two different things. The stroller is one the baby sit in. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: It used to that, you know, they didn't lay back. Now they have strollers with the back let down so people put the younger babies in it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 030: And um Then in um um Carriage you know that's what the baby just a laid when they was real small. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. I see. Now if you take a baby out, you say you're going to go out and 030: Walk the baby? Interviewer: Alright. And uh your female offspring is your 030: Daughter. Interviewer: And she's not a boy but a 030: Girl. Interviewer: And when uh uh when a woman is going to have a baby, you say she's 030: Pregnant. Interviewer: Now have are there any any slang expressions? 030: Expecting. Interviewer: Any others that you can think of? 030: No. Interviewer: Alright. And a woman who who not a, I'm not talking about a registered nurse now. I'm talking about somebody who just happens to live in the neighborhood who might assist in the birth of a child. 030: um oh I know it. This is good cause my grandmother is one. She was um Interviewer: Mid- 030: Midwife. Interviewer: Okay. Did they ever call a well not was your grandmother really {X} but I was gonna say the. Do you know the expression a granny woman? or a gra- used in the expression they sometimes call midwives grannies. 030: Yeah. Interviewer: So but uh I mean, did any of the people in your in the neighborhood where your grandmother lived who weren't related to her call her granny? 030: Yeah. {NW} um Yeah, they, a lot of 'em called her granny. Interviewer: And, was that, do you think, was it because of her age more of because she was a midwife? 030: I, I guess I always just took it for granted that it was because of her age. I didn't Interviewer: Okay. And if a boy has facial features quite like his 030: {NW} Interviewer: Father's, you might say that boy 030: uh looked like his father. Interviewer: Alright. And if he behaves the way his father does, you say he's 030: The spitting image of his father. Interviewer: And if folks say that woman had a hard life. All by herself, seven children. she 030: Raised seven children. Interviewer: Okay. And a child born out of wedlock is called a 030: A illegitimate child. Interviewer: Have you ever heard any other uh slang expressions? 030: {NW} Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 030: #2 Bastards. Uh. # Interviewer: Okay, but now have you ever heard anything any Have you ever heard like a wood's cold or a Sunday baby or volunteer baby or any one of those? 030: No. Interviewer: Okay. And your sis- your relationship to your say your sister's son would be your 030: Uh my nephew. Interviewer: yeah. And a child both of whose parent's are dead would be a 030: Orphan. Interviewer: Yeah. And if the court had to appoint somebody, that person would be a 030: A foster. Interviewer: Or adopt 030: A- a adopted parent. Interviewer: Or a guar- 030: Godfather? Interviewer: A guard- 030: A guardian. Interviewer: Yeah that's it. and then um And all of the people related to you. you call them your 030: relatives. Interviewer: And if and if a person was was not related to you, you'd say well he's no 030: Kin to me. Interviewer: Alright. And the mother of Jesus, her name was 030: Mary. Interviewer: And uh George Washington's wife's name was 030: Martha. Interviewer: Yeah. And and if a girl's name was Eleanor, they might call her 030: Ellie. Interviewer: Or. Yeah. 030: Net- uh Nettie? I don't know. Interviewer: Sure. And a boy's name was William, they might call him 030: Bill. Interviewer: Or a little boy, they might call 030: Jim. Interviewer: Or Bill- 030: Billy. Interviewer: Yeah. And the first book of the new testament is 030: Genesis? Interviewer: Matt- 030: Matthew. Interviewer: Yeah. And if- if there was a man in the neighborhood who is a a part-time uh, untrained preacher. What might they call him? 030: A called preacher? or somebody called to preach? Interviewer: Uh yeah. Well I meant a- like a Have you ever heard the term for especially one who has no no no training at all but he's a 030: {NW} What they call a jack leg preacher? Interviewer: Yeah. Now what does a jack leg preacher mean to you? 030: A man who says one thing and does another. Interviewer: I see. So it's a hypocrite. 030: Yes. To me he well you when I would speak of a jack leg preacher it would, I would mean that I didn't wouldn't believe them. Interviewer: uh-huh. Would you, do you ever use the term hypocrite? Or, or not? 030: Sometimes. Interviewer: Uh-huh. But uh but. I mean a jack leg preacher is one. Would you ever use a jack leg for any other person in any other profession? 030: Doctors. I mean yeah, you know some people say that if I don't have um Well yeah, just about anybody like if he was um uh supposed to be a plumber but he wasn't I mean, what I mean he wasn't in the union or Interviewer: I see. 030: I would call him jack leg. Interviewer: Yeah. Would you call him a jack leg plumber or just a jack leg? {X} 030: Um. Probably I'd call him jack leg. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: You know like, if uh he would want to charge me as much as a regular Interviewer: I see. 030: plumber would I'd tell him no. Interviewer: #1 I see. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: But it's also somebody you you don't have confidence in. 030: Not too much, right. Interviewer: Okay. Okay. Good. Now, um, were there, now you mentioned a plumber and a doctor are there any others any other kinds of occupations that you can think of? 030: Lawyers. Yes. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: Yeah. I don't. {NW} Interviewer: You think of jack leg lawyers. 030: Yes. Interviewer: uh-huh. Okay, good. um. Now a man, the highest rank in the army would be a 030: A colonel? Interviewer: Higher than that even. 030: um. Major. Interviewer: Well, like, um 030: uh Interviewer: uh. A like MacArthur was like a or Eisenhower 030: Yeah, what were they? Interviewer: Gen- 030: Generals. Interviewer: Sure. Alright. And then, how about if a person is on a team you know, like on a basketball team they appoint one person as a 030: Captain. Interviewer: Yeah, now was, is, was that, you ever, is that word ever used in another, in another sense? 030: #1 Uh # Interviewer: #2 Where they call # Where they they might call somebody cap or captain? 030: yeah I I've heard it used as a like uh the head of a house you know I've heard people call their husband ask the captain #1 things like that. # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh. Okay, yeah. # Okay, good. now, a man who presides over a trial would be a 030: a judge Interviewer: Okay, and a, and a person going to school would be a 030: Student. Interviewer: Now would you use the same thing if they were going to elementary school? Like in the first grade? 030: Yeah, if it just uh if he just started to school he was a stud- he would be a student. Interviewer: Okay, and a, and a woman who takes dictation, you call her a 030: A secretary. Interviewer: Alright, and the members of the Knoxville city government are called the 030: Council. Interviewer: Alright, and those men are called the 030: City father. Interviewer: #1 Um # 030: #2 Yeah. # Councilmen. Interviewer: Alright. now the, and speaking of your nationality, you say, I'm 030: A negro. Interviewer: Yeah, or 030: Or I'm American. Interviewer: Now, what other terms are there besides negro that 030: Uh, usually just black. You know, like, I'm a black person. Interviewer: Yeah. now what other terms are there and I'd like to know how you react to them? And how you, what different terms you've heard? 030: #1 Yeah, and how I would feel about? # Interviewer: #2 Yeah right. # exactly. 030: Um like uh a friend of mine could come in and say hey nigga whatcha doing, but I couldn't accept it from you. Interviewer: Right, okay. Sure. Oh. 030: #1 And even though I would consider you my friend, I would just rather you wouldn't. # Interviewer: #2 Sure. # Okay, right. Alright, yeah. Now, but how about other terms besides? 030: #1 besides the # Interviewer: #2 uh um # 030: I might would, i might would say uh I'm colored. Interviewer: How do you feel about that exp- that? 030: #1 I can say it, but I don't want it- I don't wanna hear it. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # #1 I see. # 030: #2 Not really. # Interviewer: I see. Now, but I mean when you say it, do you say it in kind of a joking way? In the same way that, that you might? In other words, nigger and colored are pretty close? 030: Yeah, and you say this um it's just a joking word, you know and when people get, when you're angry with somebody. You know like, if you call them all nigger, well that you angry Interviewer: #1 yeah # 030: #2 then 'cause # you know this is not an acceptable word. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: And it's the tone of voice that makes the difference. Interviewer: I see. now are there any other terms? That, that's very interesting about colored because it depends, that's a generation difference. 030: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 because people # who are in their seventies for example, as a rule, don't mind that. 030: No, not really. Interviewer: And they, and some of them object to being called black. 030: #1 Really. They really object to it. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 030: They don't have to be in their seventies. They can be in their fifties. Interviewer: #1 uh-huh. # 030: #2 And they # resent being called black. Interviewer: How do you feel about the term black? 030: I accept it. It's alright with me. Interviewer: Yeah. Well it's weird that the counter of something you're going to use the term white. 030: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 Is that uh? That # That's a silly term. 030: #1 Who's white? I mean nobody's white. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} Yeah, uh-huh. # And nobody's black. 030: #1 no, I # Interviewer: #2 {X} best # I, I understand that. But, how how about some other a- abusive terms. That, that really, terms that you've heard, that, that racial slurs. That uh 030: You mean in the black race? Interviewer: Well, yeah, well that people would use. Uh, members of the black race. Especially people, especially might be used by whites. 030: Oh, like spook, or Interviewer: Yeah. 030: a booger or something like that. Interviewer: Yeah, have you heard any others? That's the kind of thing I meant. 030: None of 'em say- I don't hardly think so. Don't there are very too many more. Interviewer: Alright, how about the terms for whites now? 030: Oh, like uh, a cracker, or redneck. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: And things like that. Interviewer: Yeah. Now you know the term, we talked about this bird that gets up in the tree and 030: #1 Peck. A woodpecker. A pecker. Yeah, # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. Yeah, and have you heard words being? # 030: I've heard 'em call. I heard people call 'em old white peckers and Interviewer: Okay, now how about uh, um, any other terms that, that you can think of? 030: Now let me see Well generally I think uh A hoosier or a and uh seem to me like um the white race resents like if you call one old uh farmer, country farmer something he don't like that. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: I mean cause I don't like the other words either. Interviewer: #1 Right, sure. But now you said # 030: #2 I {NW}. # Interviewer: A hoosier now would that be? Would that be used for any white person uh or? 030: Uh if you are- if you're using it in a uh trying to #1 really hurt somebody or say something nasty. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # #1 Yeah, yeah. # 030: #2 about somebody. # Interviewer: So, I mean you might use that, I mean hoosier could be used just as nigger might be used. 030: Yeah, mm-hmm. Yeah. Interviewer: As- is this a general term and it wouldn't have to be a uh because now the uh. The other thing I want to ask you about is the How about the, well the most common term in the, especially in the, in the uh yeah among black militants. Like, like um What's his name? Rev Brown. 030: Uh-huh. Interviewer: what the and the and Stokely Carmichael. What term did they use all the time? for whites? 030: #1 uh... let me think. # Interviewer: #2 Sure you're familiar with it. # 030: What is it? Pig? Interviewer: Hon-, well 030: #1 Honkies yeah, the honkies. # Interviewer: #2 that's {X} # yeah, yeah is pig used across the board or strictly for police? 030: Strictly for police. Interviewer: #1 Okay, okay. # 030: #2 it's not across the board. # And it means any- anybody in a uniform. Interviewer: Okay. 030: {X} That word has no color. Interviewer: #1 Okay. Okay now the # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: the uh now you mentioned, almost all the terms you mentioned it's interesting that you mentioned, a lot of the terms that you mentioned are terms for that are frequently used for rustics or farmers like a um, a uh, uh, a cracker and a peck and a uh and a hoosier Are there any other terms for people out in the country that you might use? 030: No. Not that I think of. Well, I mean, not for me, because like I said, I don't like to use any terms don't even like Interviewer: #1 Right. Okay. # 030: #2 them, being used. # Interviewer: But I'm interes-, you see, what I'm interested in and the reason we're interested in this is because it really does give us an insight into the way the uh, the way people think. And the way you know the way Now what I'm get- Do you have any preference whatsoever between negro and black? 030: uh no. I would- either one of those. Interviewer: You don't- you don't- you don't regard negro as in any way Uh mean some young kids 030: Yea- oh yes. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: But you see uh when I was coming along Interviewer: Yeah. 030: you were a negro #1 you know, this is what you were. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah, yeah, yeah. # 030: #1 And now uh times have changed and it's not a # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 030: negro anymore it's #1 a black or I'm an African you know. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 030: #1 You could- they would say this rather than say negro because. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. Yeah. # Well how about the term like Afro-American? 030: #1 Oh that's another real acceptable word. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # Okay do you use that? 030: No, I don't feel like I'm an Afro-American. Interviewer: #1 Okay. Okay. Okay uh. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: The um uh. It was- I would say it was #1 You know do your uh # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: for a while that's exactly right. Now they um If if you wanted to um uh uh the um uh uh somebody was rushing you. you might say take it easy just just 030: Uh slow down a minute. #1 Uh hold up a minute. # Interviewer: #2 just a would you ever say just a? # 030: Just a minute. Interviewer: Yeah, and if you want to know the distance from here to to to uh oh uh Morristown you might ask someone how 030: How far is it from here to Morristown? Interviewer: And if you were scolding a child might you ever say now just look? 030: Just look a here a minute. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: Or just wait a minute. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: Yes, I Interviewer: Okay and if you want to know the number of times a person goes to Morristown every week you might say how? 030: How many times Interviewer: #1 do you go to Morristown? # 030: #2 yeah or how oft- # how often do you go? Interviewer: Alright. And I say I don't uh I really uh don't go up there much at all. And you agree with them. You say? Do I. I don't go up there. I don't. I'm not going to go I'm not going to go up there today. You say I'm not 030: Either. Interviewer: Alright and this is my 030: {NW} uh uh forehead? Interviewer: Yeah, and uh this up here is? 030: My head. Interviewer: And this is? 030: My hair. Interviewer: And if I grow what? 030: Beard. Interviewer: And this is my? 030: Ear. Interviewer: And which one 030: #1 You mean which one i- # Interviewer: #2 Which oh yeah I want you to say both # 030: Oh left or right. Interviewer: This bit. 030: This is my uh right ear. Interviewer: And the other is your? 030: My left ear. Interviewer: okay and this is my? 030: Mouth. Interviewer: And this is my? 030: Neck. Interviewer: And right in the part? 030: Is uh Interviewer: Might have a sore 030: Throat. Interviewer: And then this thing right here is a? 030: A goozle. Interviewer: #1 Okay uh and this is one? # 030: #2 {NW} # Tooth. Interviewer: And two? 030: Teeth. Interviewer: And above the teeth are the? 030: Gums. Interviewer: And this is the what of my hand? 030: Palm. Interviewer: And I make a? 030: Fist. Interviewer: Two? 030: Fists. Interviewer: And then the this is my? 030: Elbow. Interviewer: You take elbow wrist and shoulder and you say I have pains in the? 030: #1 In all of? # Interviewer: #2 My joints. # Yeah, exactly. And this is my? 030: Chest. Interviewer: And sometimes it's called a? 030: The breast? Interviewer: Yeah do you ever hear? What about that in a man? Is that? Is that uh? 030: N- I mean if I heard it I wouldn't Interviewer: #1 You'd think of it? Yeah. # 030: #2 I- I would think of it as being strange. # Interviewer: Well it's- it's old-fashioned. 030: #1 It is. # Interviewer: #2 That's oh sure I'm sure. # I talked to a man this morning uh seventy-one year-old man {X} for for a man. 030: Oh. Interviewer: But it it is that is a change. Now these are my? 030: Shoulder-blades. Interviewer: Yeah and or just my two? 030: Shoulders. Interviewer: Yeah and uh this is one? 030: Hand. Interviewer: Two? 030: Hands. Interviewer: And if um uh if a person if a person is right hand you say he's right-handed and the other way you'd say he's? 030: Left-handed. Interviewer: Any other terms for that that you can think of? Nicknames or expressions? 030: Uh there's the child of the devil. #1 {NW} I've heard I've heard that. Oh. # Interviewer: #2 Is there anything else? # 030: Uh let me see what else did I hear? #1 That you when you're left-handed you owe the devil something. Something like that. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # I see. I see. Now this is my? 030: Leg. Interviewer: Yeah and at the bottom of the leg is a? 030: A foot. Interviewer: Yeah two? 030: Feet. Interviewer: And this. If you kick her you kick in the? 030: Shin. Interviewer: Yeah and if you sit down on the backs of your legs like this you're sitting down on your? 030: Thighs. Interviewer: Or your hu-? 030: On your- on your um What is it? Uh the hunch? Interviewer: #1 Uh hunches? # 030: #2 Yeah hunkers. # A hunkers is a Interviewer: Yeah well that- that was the word I was thinking about before was honky. 030: #1 Yeah a hunky. Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Or hunky. # And then if uh if a person a man was able to lift up the back of a huge wagon by himself you might say he's really? 030: Strong. Interviewer: Would you ever use stout in that in that sense? 030: I've heard it used in that sense, but I wouldn't you know. Interviewer: And what does common mean? In terms of people. You're talking about people being common. 030: Well when they say a common person is one that uh always out somewhere doing you know {NW} um let me see how I can ma- if like if this room was full of people and maybe it was one boy that would come in that would talk loud you know make himself known over everybody. Where if nobody was really paying him any attention then I would call him he's too common. Interviewer: #1 He's common I see. So common then if a person # 030: #2 Yeah. # Interviewer: if you say a person is common that is not a Uh that's not a compliment. 030: No. And then and another. No it's not a compliment ever I don't think. Interviewer: I see. okay. What's the other way you were thinking of? 030: Uh you can get like you know get too familiar with somebody and they call it being too common with someone. Interviewer: Okay I see. Now if a a an older woman gets you know she's up in her eighties or something and she still gets around you say she's really what for her age? 030: Spry. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 030: #2 For her age. # Interviewer: Do you ever used the term piert? 030: No, but I've heard it. Interviewer: Okay. And if a a child says he wants the light on at night because he's what of the dark? 030: Afraid of the dark. \: Alright and another word a child might say I'm? 030: Scared of the dark. Interviewer: And um A person might say you used to be afraid the person says no I didn't. 030: #1 Used to be afraid. # Interviewer: #2 Say the whole thing. That's right. # 030: I used to I know I didn't used to be afraid. Interviewer: Alright and if a person isn't careful you'd say he's? 030: Careless. Interviewer: Yeah and if someone is very strange you might say he's what kind of a person? He's a? 030: Strange? Interviewer: Yeah. Other words that's the idea a person is just very- a You might say odd. or? 030: Yeah I might say odd or I've heard I've heard people say well you know he's kind of off. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 030: Simply because of he doesn't act or conform. Interviewer: Right so how about the word queer? 030: Yeah I've heard well I've heard it used. Interviewer: Heard what now? 030: Queer. Interviewer: #1 The word queer used. # 030: #2 Alright. # In more than one sense you know like they s- um. One- a man can be queer and that's a disgrace to him. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: And then a man can be queer and he can be a he can have a mental problem. Interviewer: Alright but you mean but the first way you mean a disgrace- you mean a homosexual? 030: #1 Yeah. Uh-huh. # Interviewer: #2 Alright. Now. # Now would because of that what I'm getting at is because of that would you avoid using the word queer? 030: #1 Yes. I would. Mm. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 You- you- you hesitate to say somebody was queer for that reason. # 030: #1 Yes because somebody'd misunderstood. # Interviewer: #2 Oh. # Okay and uh if a person you'd tried to explain something to someone and you just can't get it across to them no matter how you tried to to give them all the evidence they would possibly need but he still won't change his mind you might say don't be so? 030: Stubborn. Interviewer: Okay and if a person is easily offended you might he's awfully? 030: Um. Tenderhearted? Or. I don't know. Interviewer: #1 {X} # 030: #2 If he's easily # Easily offended? Touchy. Interviewer: Yeah that'd be fine. And a person who was touchy when you you tease them you say he got awfully? 030: Angry or upset. Interviewer: Um and a person who gets that way might I say to them just keep? 030: Calm. Interviewer: Alright. And if a person is uh uh worked all day says I'm really? 030: Tired. Interviewer: I'm all? 030: I'm wore out. {NW} Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: And a person who went out without enough clothes on in the winter might come in and have the stifles and say now you've gone and? 030: Uh caught a cold. Interviewer: Alright and talks like this you'd say he's? 030: Hoarse. Interviewer: Um and he has a {NW} 030: Cough. Interviewer: And a doctor might then bring some uh medicine and he looks at the bottle and might say to you haven't you? 030: Taken any of this. Interviewer: You say yes I? yesterday I? 030: I took some yesterday. Interviewer: And I will tomorrow. 030: I will take some tomorrow. Interviewer: And if a person can't hear you say he's? 030: Deaf. Interviewer: And if a a person works out in the hot sun all day and his clothing gets wet you say he yesterday he really? 030: Uh Perspired or sweat. Interviewer: Okay. And a large discharging sore that's very sensitive tender you know? 030: Yeah it's a a sore? Interviewer: Yeah. Well have ever use the term a boil? 030: Oh yeah. I've heard have having a boil. Interviewer: What's in a boil? What do you call that stuff that? 030: Uh pus. Interviewer: Yeah okay. Now the if a person is shot uh someone uses a gun and shoots someone you say that he suffered a bullet? 030: Wound. Interviewer: And have you ever? Have you ever seen a wound that didn't heal right and it gets a like a crust around the edge and it kind of stands up? 030: Yeah a infection? Interviewer: Well I mean proud. Have you ever heard proud flesh? 030: No. Interviewer: Never heard of that okay. That's an old-fashioned one. The um the uh something that when you were a child they used to use it all the time for to put on to prevent infection in a cut it burned it wasn't like a cure from this stuff burned. 030: Iodine. Interviewer: Yeah. And if a person is a uh he is alive today but yesterday he? 030: Uh you mean dead? Interviewer: Yeah and he- and so yesterday he? 030: Died. Interviewer: Yeah and you might not want to say the word die to a to a close relative of the person you might say I'm so sorry to hear that he? 030: Passed away. Interviewer: Alright any crude terms that you might have used when you were a child that they used to say about the old man? 030: The old man died or the dropped dead or something like that. Interviewer: okay and if you don't know the cause of death you might say I don't know what he died? 030: Of. Interviewer: Alright and the place where a person is buried is a? 030: Cemetery. Interviewer: And the- the thing the person is buried in is a? 030: Is a cast- casket. Interviewer: #1 Alright say that again. # 030: #2 {NW} # Casket. {NW} Interviewer: Okay and the uh and the uh the uh ceremony that they have after when they when they're going to bury someone is called a? 030: Funeral. Interviewer: Alright and if the family wears black you'd say they're in? 030: Mourning. Interviewer: Yeah and if a someone's troubled about something say everything will be alright don't? 030: Worry. Interviewer: And if a person has pains in their joints you might say he has? 030: Arthritis. Interviewer: Alright and uh this was a disease that was caused it's in the throat usually centered in the throat. Di-? 030: Diphtheria. Interviewer: Yeah, and this is something that causes yellowing of the uh the eyes. Yellow. 030: Yellow fever? Interviewer: Yellow j-? 030: Yellow jaundice. Yeah. Interviewer: Yeah, and you get a pain down the right side that might be a? Getting an attack of? 030: Appendicitis. Interviewer: And a person can't keep food down you might say he? 030: Uh threw up. Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 030: #2 Or uh # vomit. Interviewer: Alright what's the difference between throw up and vomit? I mean in terms of crudeness which is cruder? In your mind. 030: Um I'd rather not say vomit. Interviewer: Alright you think throw up? 030: #1 Yeah or wa- was nauseated. I would rather say that either way. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. Okay. # How about but you think throw up is less is less offensive? 030: #1 Yes. # Interviewer: #2 than vomit? # Okay and if he's you might the person who was that way you'd say he was sick? 030: At the stomach. Interviewer: Alright. 030: Sick on his stomach. Interviewer: Okay and if a young man is seeing a lot of a girl you might say he is? 030: Courting? Interviewer: Yeah and she is his 030: Girlfriend. Interviewer: And he is her? 030: Boyfriend. Interviewer: Okay. And if they were planning to get married and then suddenly uh she changed her mind you might say she? 030: Jolted him. Interviewer: Okay and but if she didn't they went ahead and got? 030: Married. Interviewer: Now a noisy serenade after a wedding, what's that called? 030: A noisy? Interviewer: Yeah just a a um 030: You mean when they're leaving the church? Interviewer: Yeah. 030: Something like Interviewer: Maybe I'm- They used to do this especially up in the mountains they'd do things yeah you might not be familiar with that but they do they do all kinds of of things to the bride and groom to they'd run them around on a rail and all kinds of stuff. But now that but now they but what what do you think of after a wedding? if if anything. Do you think of any kind of 030: #1 a celebration. Sure. Sure. # Interviewer: #2 Like a reception? Uh-huh. # And if you say who was there you say oh the whole? 030: uh family or Interviewer: You're talking about all the people. 030: Yeah the whole crowd. Sure. If they got played music and got out on the floor you might say that was the that there was a? Dance? Interviewer: Alright. And if um a person a boy was supposed to be in school but he didn't go you'd say he? 030: Played hooky. Interviewer: Now would that be all day or just one class? 030: All- well you- you can play hooky for one Interviewer: #1 class or all day. # 030: #2 Okay. If a person goes # Interviewer: to school supposedly to get a good? 030: Education. Interviewer: When he gets out of high school he might go on to? 030: College. Interviewer: And then and the first year of a person's schooling is called the? 030: In the primary? Interviewer: Yeah he goes out of out of kindergarten and 030: Into the first grade. Interviewer: Alright and he sits behind a? 030: Desk. Interviewer: And the plural? 030: Desks. Interviewer: #1 Okay and the place building we're in right now? # 030: #2 {NW} # A library? Interviewer: Yeah and the place where letters are mailed? 030: A post office. Interviewer: And a place where you'd get a room in a strange town? 030: Motel or hotel. Interviewer: Alright and a place where you'd go to see a film? 030: Movie. Interviewer: Or the-? 030: Theater. Interviewer: Alright and a place where you'd go to have an operation? 030: Hospital. Interviewer: And in there there's a d- there's a doctor and a? 030: Nurse. Interviewer: And if you're walking across a field or a yard or something not straight across but kind of off like that you might say you were walking? 030: At an angle? Interviewer: Okay and they don't have these anymore I don't think in in uh in Knoxville I haven't seen any but they used to have these tracks? 030: Uh street car tracks? Interviewer: And alright and so they {X} street car or train or a bus you might tell the the orderly you say I want the next stop? 030: Off at the next stop. Interviewer: Alright and in a you don't notice so much in this county but in another county a small {NW} a smaller population you might talk about the the uh one city in the county being the county? 030: Seat? Interviewer: Yeah but say the whole thing. 030: The county seat? Interviewer: Right. And a person works for the for the post office you say he works for the federal? 030: Government. Interviewer: And the police department is main- is kept is main- is there to maintain? 030: Uh Interviewer: What? 030: Law and order. Interviewer: Yeah and the war in eighteen sixty-five was called the? 030: Uh during the Civil War? Interviewer: Yeah did you ever hear any other names for that besides the Civil War? 030: Let me see. Mm. I read something about it but I don't remember what it was I'd have to think about it. Interviewer: That's okay. Now this is just some geography. I just wanted this is just all pronunciation. 030: #1 Mm. Okay. # Interviewer: #2 This is strictly pronunciation. # But uh um Rochester and Albany what state are they in? 030: Uh New York. Interviewer: Say the whole thing New York- 030: New York City. Interviewer: Alright New York State. 030: New York State. #1 {NS} # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # And Baltimore is in? 030: Maryland. Interviewer: And Richmond? 030: Virginia. Interviewer: Asheville? 030: North Carolina. Interviewer: And the state you were born or your parents were born in? 030: South Carolina. Interviewer: And uh the state that Atlanta's in? 030: Georgia. Interviewer: And the state that Miami's in? 030: Florida. Interviewer: And Birmingham? 030: Alabama. Interviewer: And uh where they have the Mardi Gras? That state. 030: In Louisiana. Interviewer: Yeah and the uh uh Louisville is in? 030: Kentucky. Interviewer: And the state we're in right now? 030: Tennessee. Interviewer: St. Louis is in? 030: Missouri. Interviewer: And Little Rock? 030: Arkansas. Interviewer: And Tupelo for example? 030: Mississippi. Interviewer: And Dallas? 030: Texas. Interviewer: Okay and Tulsa? 030: Oklahoma. Interviewer: #1 You get 100 on the states. Now- now I have some cities okay. # 030: #2 {NW} # #1 Uh # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # Now is may is sometimes very hard with with folk informants who've never been any place you know out of I mean they just have I just ask them to name some southern states sometimes and it's kind of like a shotgun. 030: #1 Um. # Interviewer: #2 But the # Alright and the big city in Maryland is? 030: Boston? Interviewer: Bal- 030: Baltimore. Interviewer: Yeah and oh all of those states up north you know Vermont and Maine are those are called the? 030: Northern Cities? Interviewer: Or the new- 030: New Hampshire states. Interviewer: New England. 030: New England states. Interviewer: Yeah and Boston is in ma- massa- 030: Massachusetts. Interviewer: Yeah and the- the seed of the federal government is in? 030: Washington? Interviewer: Say the whole thing. 030: Washington DC. Interviewer: Sure and the um the big city in Missouri is? 030: St. Louis. Interviewer: And the big city down on the coast in South Carolina is? 030: Let me see um Charleston? Interviewer: Sure and say it again that's right. 030: Charleston. Interviewer: Yeah and then the uh the some Name name some cities big cities in Alabama that come to mind. 030: Let's see Birmingham. I don't know too much about Alabama. Interviewer: Well the state capital is mont- 030: Montgomery. Interviewer: And the one down the coast is called um mo- 030: Mobile. Interviewer: Yeah and the big city in Illinois is? 030: Chicago. Interviewer: Yeah and the uh the city in North Carolina where your grandparents? 030: Asheville. Interviewer: Yeah and then the city we're in right now? 030: Is Knoxville. Interviewer: And two other big cities three other big cities in in Tennessee? 030: Memphis and Nashville. Interviewer: And chatt- 030: Chattanooga. Interviewer: Alright and the big city in Georgia? 030: Atlanta. Interviewer: Yeah and then the one down. What's that again once more? 030: Atlanta. Interviewer: Yeah and then the one on the one down on the coast? sa- 030: Savannah. Interviewer: Yeah and then do you know any other cities in Georgia? Col- 030: Uh n- Interviewer: Colum- 030: Uh Columbia? Interviewer: Colum- and then 030: #1 Columbus- is it Columbu-? # Interviewer: #2 And Ma- # 030: And Macon. Interviewer: #1 Georgia. # 030: #2 Yeah that's it. # Interviewer: And now where the the city where they have the Mardi Gras? 030: In Louisiana. Interviewer: In new- 030: New Orleans. Interviewer: Yeah and then there's another city right ne- fairly close to there called baton- 030: Baton Rogue. Interviewer: okay and the big city in Ohio down on the river cin- 030: Cincinnati. Interviewer: And the big city in Kentucky? 030: Uh Louisville? Interviewer: Right uh now if you're talking about the distance from here to there you'd say oh I'd say uh say it's one mile and then nine more you'd say it's ten? 030: Ten miles. Interviewer: Okay you had a choice of doing two things and I was going to do this but I did? 030: The other #1 or I changed my mind. # Interviewer: #2 In- I did the other in- # 030: Instead. Interviewer: Right and I'd say why do you like him and the answer is he's so funny you know it's I like him? 030: Because {NW} Interviewer: #1 Okay and the- the uh uh um # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: the church you belong to is the? 030: Baptist. Interviewer: Alright and a person becomes member- a member you'd say they went down and? 030: Joined the church. Interviewer: Okay and the supreme being is? 030: God. Interviewer: And in an oath the person might say my? My? 030: My God. Interviewer: Yeah and then uh the the minister preached a? 030: Sermon. Interviewer: And the organ played? 030: uh um songs? Interviewer: #1 Oh yeah and and # 030: #2 Music. # Interviewer: Sure and the uh now you mentioned before about a person who is left-handed was in the service of the? 030: Devil. Interviewer: Yeah now are there any other names for the devil? 030: Satan. Interviewer: Any joking names that you can think of? 030: No, when you say the devil you said it all. Interviewer: #1 Okay. {NW} Okay. Uh # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Was there ever a house in the neighborhood when you were growing up that was supposed that was an old house that kids were afraid of? 030: A- a haunted house. #1 yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # And what was supposed to be in there? 030: Ghosts. {NW} Interviewer: Any what else? Anything else they ever 030: #1 they ever used to? # Interviewer: #2 Uh haint. {C: pronunciation} # #1 Okay alright and if you s- # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: you might say I think I'll put on a sweater today because it's what? Cold it's? 030: Cool. Interviewer: Alright it's r- reh- If you had a choice of you'd say I'll do this if you insist but I'd really? 030: Rather not. Interviewer: Yeah and if um you said it's cool would you ever do you ever use the expression airish? Meaning cool? 030: Yeah. Interviewer: How would you use that? 030: Uh like I would go out to get the paper and come back and say oh it's airish out this morning. Interviewer: Okay that's that's... And how about the expression if you're talking about somebody having a large uh number of uh oh of something you couldn't count? A person had something you'd say much he has you might say he has much trouble or you might say he has a right what of trouble? 030: Uh. A right smart. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: of trouble. A right smart of trouble or let me see. Interviewer: That's the expression I want to ask you about though right smart. Would you ever use that for anything you could count? Would you ever say there were a right smart of chairs in this room? If there were say five more? Or ten more? 030: No and the reason I said right smart is because my grandmother says it all the time. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh # 030: #2 And she says # Interviewer: It would be but it would be limited to things that were that were uh uh 030: She would say right smart people down town today. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: Instead of saying the church was crowded it was right smart people out today. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 030: And of course. Interviewer: #1 She would say it that way. Well that's- that's interesting. # 030: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: And she was born there in that uh in that 030: No she was born in South #1 Carolina. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah, around McCormick. # 030: Yeah. Interviewer: And she must she was uh uh middle-aged probably by the time she moved to North Carolina then? 030: I would s- I guess I would imagine that uh Interviewer: Because your father was full grown when 030: yeah he came here. Interviewer: Yeah okay um if uh some- somebody did something very strange you might say why the very? 030: Idea. Interviewer: Yeah and how would you greet a an intimate friend? You'd say? 030: Oh like somebody I knew real well? Uh hello there uh hi where you been? Interviewer: Okay and how would you greet a stranger? 030: Hello. Uh how do you do or hello. Interviewer: Do you would you ever say how do you do or how are you to a friend? To a good friend? 030: No I would probably say how you been doing or how are you doing. Interviewer: Okay and if someone had been over to your house and and uh you wanted them to return you might say please? 030: Come to see me. Come back or come again. Interviewer: Okay and the reading on December 25th is? 030: Merry Christmas. Interviewer: And on January first? 030: Happy New Year. Interviewer: And if first they ask you if you're going to have time to do something you say well I 030: Might. Interviewer: I think. 030: I think so or either I Interviewer: #1 Might have the time. # 030: #2 Alright. # Interviewer: And the place where you buy food stuff is the 030: Grocery. Interviewer: And you say I have to go down town today and do some 030: Shopping. Interviewer: And you bought a package and the grocer 030: Wrapped. Interviewer: And then you took it home and? 030: Unwrapped it. Interviewer: And you bought something that it was a real bargain because the man had to sell it to you at a 030: Uh Interviewer: Less than he paid for it. He had to sell it to 030: #1 you at a? # Interviewer: #2 retail. # Or a? 030: Or at cost? Interviewer: Or a- well you say it was a total 030: #1 Loss for him. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # Now you would you ever use that in terms of or would you say below cost or 030: Prob- probably I would say below cost. Interviewer: Okay and if you didn't have enough money you might have to go to a? To a bank and? 030: Borrow it. Interviewer: Yeah. And during they thirties they say money was awfully? 030: Tight. Interviewer: Tight is good or also sc- 030: Scarce. Interviewer: Alright and and a little boy is going uh he's over at a river or a pond and he what in the water? He 030: Dived. Interviewer: Alright and yes- today he? 030: Dived in. Interviewer: Alright and the uh he turns over and gets on the floor gets over and? 030: Turns somersaults? Interviewer: Yeah turns what? 030: Summer-sets. Interviewer: #1 Okay thank you and then # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: he got in the water after he dived in he 030: Paddled or swam. Interviewer: Yeah and you say I have- across that river myself. #1 I have # 030: #2 I have swam across it. # Interviewer: Okay and a bonus or a gift for a purchase like if you bought something at the store and the grocer threw in something extra because maybe you paid your bill {D: the end of your bill or something} do you have a name for that? 030: Uh you said it like he gave me a Interviewer: #1 bonus because # 030: #2 yeah have you ever # Interviewer: {D: heard the word broatus?} 030: no. Interviewer: Never? Uh okay. They um if a uh if a boy was swimming and he went down for the third time you'd say he was? 030: Drowning. Interviewer: Yeah. You say a lot of kids in this lake last summer. A lot of kids 030: A lot of kids drowned in this lake Interviewer: #1 last summer. # 030: #2 Okay and a baby. # Interviewer: gets down on all fours and he? 030: Crawls. Interviewer: And you know a little kid gets down behind a chair or something he's playing a game with his parents they say he did what behind that chair? 030: Hid. Interviewer: Or he s-? 030: Uh. Interviewer: Uh {NS} Now if a a in church a person i- is especially in or some church goer anyway Catholic Church {NW} she what to pray- she? 030: Kneeled to pray. Interviewer: Okay. #1 And say I'm tired of it. I think I'll what down for while- I think I'll # 030: #2 I'll lay down. # Interviewer: Alright and so uh Yesterday I 030: Laid down. Interviewer: Alright and that's um uh that lazy loafer he lay in bed all day he 030: Laid in bed all day? Interviewer: Okay. I had a bad night. I all night I things were going through my head say I 030: #1 Like I couldn't sleep all night. # Interviewer: #2 But you were sleeping, and the # 030: Oh, had nightmares? Interviewer: Or just 030: #1 Dreamed all night. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # Um and then I what up early? I 030: woke early. Interviewer: #1 You do this on the floor is you # 030: #2 Stomp. # Interviewer: Alright and if a young man takes uh takes a uh girl to a dance or something or meets her at a dance he doesn't take her he meets at the dance and after the dance he might say may I 030: Take you home. Interviewer: Okay and he might get on a road bend. 030: Pulled? Interviewer: And they get behind the car and. 030: Push. Interviewer: And the um a you have a heavy bag of of meal or something or or there let's say let's say you have um a very large suitcase and you got off the plane you got out this thing and you couldn't find anybody to help you, and you were say I had I had what then suitcase all over the airport 030: I was uh struggling with it? Interviewer: But would you use something like packed or lugged or? 030: #1 I- I might say lugged that # Interviewer: #2 toted? # 030: #1 thing a-. Mm-mm. # Interviewer: #2 That doesn't sound natural to you at all. # And if uh one of your children is kind of a small child and you say now don't that don't 030: Don't touch that. Interviewer: Yes and you you wanted something from out of the room a pencil you might call the child you 030: Bring me the pencil. Interviewer: Sure. and a uh and I and I what kind of games did you play as a child? #1 just tell me about some of them. Just kind of describe some of the games you # 030: #2 {X} # U we played I-spy, #1 which was a hiding game with uh one person looking for you. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 030: We would play touch football. {NW} Interviewer: #1 We would play baseball. # 030: #2 Mm-hmm. # We played uh Let me see. I forget to name of it uh when they throwed the ball try to hit you on the sidewalk. Interviewer: Yeah, what was it? 030: One- one person would be out in the middle of the street, and he would throw the ball at the curb, and you had to keep moving, so he couldn't hit you with the ball. Interviewer: He- he would he would throw it. 030: #1 Yeah, he would throw it you know like you'd be standing like that chair. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # He'd hit the curb and try bounce this ball back and hit you, you mean? 030: #1 No, you would be on the sidewalk. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Yeah. 030: and he would be in the middle of the street and he would throw it at you like you were standing cause you had to keep moving And he had to try and get you more- and maybe would be about four kids on this side and four on this side but we had a name for it I can't think of that {NS} but we played that a lot. Interviewer: The any other kind of not informal games like that that you 030: And that we played? Oh. We played doll house and all that stuff. Interviewer: I mean like games that you play maybe with balls or a things like that? 030: No, no more than touch football we had we well I I did I used to play tennis a lot then. #1 We didn't have tennis courts, but we played tennis anyway # Interviewer: #2 yeah uh # 030: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # Now what in in the in the hiding games what did you call that place that you came back towards? 030: home base. #1 Touching base # Interviewer: #2 Oh. # 030: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Okay good. Alright. # and you're talking about fishing, you say uh um it's fun to 030: fish? Interviewer: Or to c-? 030: Cast? Interviewer: and then to #1 we can try the object in fishing is to # 030: #2 reel # Uh catch fish. Interviewer: yeah and so yesterday I 030: caught Interviewer: I have many fish. I have 030: #1 I've caught many fish # Interviewer: #2 sure # And if someone's you know ru- rushing around in a big hurry you might think just take your time I'll wait 030: I'll wait for you. Interviewer: Yeah and if uh you were gonna spank one of your children the child might plead with you please please give me 030: a break? Interviewer: A cha- 030: A chance {NW} Interviewer: And if he was in good spirits you say he's an awfully good 030: Natured person Interviewer: Ye- yeah or 030: uh humor Interviewer: Alright and say we have to get some some uh uh roach-killer I wanna get of these bugs. I wanna get 030: Get rid of 'em. Interviewer: alright and if someone had uh Asks you about it, say that might've happened, but I'm sorry, I just don't 030: Know Interviewer: I don't 030: Remember Interviewer: yeah When someone says did you write that letter and you'd say yes I 030: wrote it Interviewer: I have 030: written it Interviewer: And tomorrow I will 030: Mail it Interviewer: I will have read it I will 030: Write Interviewer: Yeah. an- and then you expect 030: #1 An answer # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # and you put your name and 030: address Interviewer: okay And so you mask or someone might ask you uh they'd say would you what this letter for me would you 030: mail Interviewer: Or putting the address on it. Would you 030: address this Interviewer: okay and the uh uh one of your children comes home behaving kind of strangely, you know? and you might say doing something pretty peculiar, you might say to him who on Earth 030: {NS} taught you that. Interviewer: Yeah okay and uh uh children's nicknames for one who bears tales. 030: Uh. let's see #1 you mean like coming in to tell on everybody else? # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 030: tattletale. Interviewer: okay now would you ever use the term tattle among adults? 030: no Interviewer: just okay. and you might I did say that the uh I have a garden and you might say I think I'm gonna go out and {NW} 030: And uh plant uh something Interviewer: #1 Now this would be # 030: #2 Oh. # Interviewer: something that just these these are just this was a not a vegetable garden this is what other kinds of gardens are there? 030: a flower garden Interviewer: alright, he had a flower garden he went out and he say I think I'm going to go out and 030: #1 Pick some flowers # Interviewer: #2 okay # and something a child plays with we call that a 030: Toy Interviewer: Alright and the do you ever call that anything else 030: his playthings Interviewer: yep you ever do you know the term or do your parents or grandparents ever use the term play-pretty? 030: no #1 Uh they didn't I have heard that and I've heard of it too # Interviewer: #2 {NW} uh-huh. # 030: I heard a man tell uh his child I brought you a play-pretty. Interviewer: And what would that include? Any kind of a 030: #1 Anything that he brought uh brought to the child # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # Uh. Is your mother still alive? 030: Yes. Interviewer: So you did you live you live with your mother all the time while you were growing up? 030: uh yes Interviewer: Cause you said uh I was wondering were you raised by your grandparents. 030: #1 No I was # Interviewer: #2 would you just # 030: #1 No, I feel like I would go and stay three months during the summer all the summer months with my grandmother. # Interviewer: #2 And that was down in Asheville? # 030: Uh-huh. Interviewer: Um I say which one um did you give me you'd say that's the one I 030: Gave you Interviewer: And I have two already and I'm not going to give you another one I have 030: given you Interviewer: Sure and and and say we uh we're waiting to for you uh let's say uh at the party that they to or let's say the dance we'd say that the music had already 030: Began or begun or began Interviewer: Okay now which would be which? 030: #1 I would say the music had already began, so we went # Interviewer: #2 Alright # okay and uh along a path you'd say that boy was practicing with the track team and he 030: Ran Interviewer: Alright and uh he will tomorrow 030: Run Interviewer: Alright and uh and why did uh that person he said he over to tell me something he 030: #1 Came over to tell me something # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh tomorrow you will # 030: Come over #1 again # Interviewer: #2 alright and um # I'd say and with your eyes I'd say I 030: saw you Interviewer: yeah. tomorrow I will 030: see you Interviewer: And I have 030: seen you Interviewer: And you say we had to take a detour because the road was all 030: Muddy Interviewer: No, they were doing construction work 030: Oh tore up. Interviewer: Yeah and someone uh gives you a present gives you a bracelet and you thank them for it they say go on over there and 030: Put it on Interviewer: Sure And uh Say uh uh uh Say I saw him that I saw him 030: Do that Interviewer: yeah okay and yesterday he 030: did this did that Interviewer: And many times he has 030: done that Interviewer: Alright and I say what's new you say 030: Nothing Interviewer: that's Come now there must be 030: Mm something Interviewer: Sure and I'd- I took a walk today because it's what a nice day. It's 030: A clear day Interviewer: Su- 030: Sunny day Interviewer: Su- 030: #1 Such a nice day # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # And I'd say how long has it been that way you say well as far as I know it's 030: All day Interviewer: #1 It's of- you know from eternity, you say oh it's # 030: #2 Oh, always. # Interviewer: sure and I'd say how long have you how long have you have you uh uh how long have you been working here and you say I've been working ever 030: uh since last June or something like that Interviewer: Okay and um uh {NS} 030: You took one out just a few minutes ago {NS} Interviewer: #1 Now I've got 'em pretty pretty badly mixed up for you if that's okay with you # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {NS} Um you'd say person say I don't know the answer to that so I'm going to have to him about it I'll 030: #1 Asked him about it # Interviewer: #2 and yesterday I # 030: #1 Asked him about it # Interviewer: #2 alright and # say those little boys they you can't everytime they get together they 030: #1 Fight # Interviewer: #2 yesterday they # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 030: Were fighting Interviewer: And an they have #1 Ever since they were little they # 030: #2 Uh be- been fighting # fight #1 they # Interviewer: #2 yesterday they # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 030: yesterday they fought Interviewer: Yeah and they have 030: Been fighting ever since Interviewer: okay and and if child you you say now you can't leave the room until the bell rings so listen 030: Carefully {X} Interviewer: Listen 030: to the bell Interviewer: Alright and um If a child will I was telling you before about a child might play a game with his parents and hide behind a couch or something and then jump up and what might he say? #1 Okay. Okay. # Interviewer: #2 Uh boo or surprise. # Now uh {NS} #1 The this is just strictly pronunciation now just count slowly from one to fourteen. # 030: #2 Okay. # Okay from one through fourteen {C: audio fades out} One two three Four five six Seven Eight Nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen Interviewer: Give the number after nineteen 030: Is twenty Interviewer: And the number after twenty-six 030: Is twenty-seven Interviewer: Number after twenty-nine 030: thirty Interviewer: the number after thirty-nine 030: forty Interviewer: And the number after sixty-nine 030: Is seventy Interviewer: And the number after ninety-nine 030: One hundred. Interviewer: The number after nine hundred and ninety-nine 030: One thousand Interviewer: And then the next 030: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 030: #1 It's one million. # Interviewer: #2 Would be a mill-? # Yeah And now if there uh uh when a child goes goes into school he's a he gets out of kindergarten and goes into the 030: the first grade Interviewer: and the next year 030: the second grade Interviewer: and um the next year 030: The third grade Interviewer: and the 030: Fourth Interviewer: and then 030: Fifth the Sixth the Seventh the Eighth the Ninth the Tenth Interviewer: Okay and then if something happened uh suddenly, you'd say that happened all 030: At once Interviewer: And then if you did something two times you'd say I've done that 030: More twice Interviewer: Okay and the months of the year 030: #1 You want me to pronounce it # Interviewer: #2 Yeah yeah just say the months of the year # 030: Um January February March April May June July August September October November and December Interviewer: and the days of the week 030: Um Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday and Sunday Interviewer: And then Uh how would you uh greet a person about ten AM 030: In the morning? Good morning Interviewer: And how would you greet a person after 12 PM? 030: Uh Good afternoon Interviewer: How late would you use that 030: Until about three and then I would say good evening Interviewer: After three 030: #1 Mm yes really # Interviewer: #2 so right now you'd call it evening? You'd call it evening at three-thirty or any time after 3? Alright. # And then if someone started work very early in the morning, you say he- he started work before 030: The day. Interviewer: Before 030: sun up Interviewer: And worked until 030: Sun down Interviewer: And you say if this morning the sun came up at six AM, the sun 030: Came up Interviewer: Or r- 030: Rose Interviewer: And um uh I saw the sun 030: Come up Interviewer: Or r- 030: Rise Interviewer: And the sun had before it But actually in the other on other on another day, the actually the sun had 030: Risen Interviewer: Yeah and then If a uh today is Wednesday, Tuesday was 030: Yesterday Interviewer: And Thursday will be 030: Tomorrow Interviewer: And if a person isn't coming this the coming Sunday you'd say he's com- the following Sunday, you might say he's coming over 030: The weekend #1 Uh. # Interviewer: #2 No. # 030: Uh a week from #1 Sunday. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah, a week from S- # Would you ever say Sunday week? 030: #1 No. Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 uh oh a week from Sunday. Okay. # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # And um On my wrist I have a 030: watch Interviewer: And in a uh what time is your your friend supposed to take you home? 030: It's five-thirty Interviewer: Alright now what's another way of saying that? 030: Uh my what Interviewer: No, another kind of way of saying five-thirty? 030: Um #1 A quarter past I mean a half-past five? # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # Sure and then fifteen minutes later would be 030: Forty-five minutes Interviewer: Yeah or you'd say how would you say that? 030: Quarter-till. Interviewer: Alright And then um if nineteen uh nineteen seventy-one was last year nineteen seventy-two was 030: This year Interviewer: Yeah now I think that's- now I just want to ask you one- would you just- it's only ten at about five after five, so you take five or ten minutes- I'd like you to tell me just kind of describe for me the- the kinds of things you- one think I want to- what was your husband the husband #1 the man you were married to for twenty-seven years- what was his last name? # 030: #2 S- yeah. # Interviewer: {B} his name was {B} 030: #1 Yeah, and I haven't changed it. # Interviewer: #2 I see. # 030: {NW} {B} Interviewer: {NS} #1 I wanna get that in case I want to get in touch with you maybe when I get to analyzing this, I might find something I want to ask you about. # 030: #2 {NW} Alright # Interviewer: To write you but then uh would you just tell me kind of what uh what what you used to do when you'd go to go over to the Asheville for the summer. {NS} 030: Um {NS} Well {NS} #1 uh some of the things that just what I did everyday all day # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. Yeah. Sure. # 030: {NS} well at home we could sleep late, in Asheville never Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: #1 You- you always had breakfast at seven-thirty. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 030: Uh then no snacks no in-between meals you went out and played unless she wanted to take um out the trash and of course my grandmother had chickens in the back. Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: And that meant I didn't go in the back because I was afraid of chickens. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 030: And uh then we would play with the neighbor's children but uh there you had to always ask Uh you would come there say I would ask my grandmother could I go play with Louise #1 And then she would call Louise's mother up and ask her if we could come over to play in the yard # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh. uh-huh. # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 030: And if she said don't go and near the house just in the yard well that's what you did Interviewer: Uh-huh. 030: #1 And uh now you know like they just say well I'll be over, but # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh. # 030: always standing we used to go to the garden And my grandfather used to cut yar- grass after he got off from work Interviewer: Hmm 030: And we used to wait on him Interviewer: what kind of work did he do? 030: #1 Uh he worked at the railroad station # Interviewer: #2 Hmm # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # Is that at the southern? 030: #1 yeah. Mm-hmm. Well I my grandfather and my uncle both worked there. # Interviewer: #2 Is that how you'd get over to- from over there? uh. Uh-huh. # 030: {NW} And like they would put us on the train here my uncle would meet us in uh hot springs and then when we got to the station my grandfather would be off and take us home Interviewer: Now where's hot springs? is that 030: It's in North Carolina right right over right after you leave out of Tennessee Interviewer: I see and uh and where did that railroad go uh out of Knoxville do you know It uh 030: It went uh it would go north Interviewer: #1 Uhh oh I see practically did it go up to mountain city # 030: #2 {NW} # #1 Noooh nn-nn. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # It come to Bristol? 030: Mm-hmm But it would let me see it would form Newport {NW} Marshall Hot Springs Um I don't remember #1 if there was ev- # Interviewer: #2 was that the the # You remember what that train was called? Was it the Southerner? 030: #1 It was a Southern Train, yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah # #1 You know yeah yeah I'll bet you # 030: #2 I mean you mean the the name of the train? no # Interviewer: I'll bet you That man the I inter- interviewed this morning mr 030: #1 Brown # Interviewer: #2 Harper {C: name used} # 030: #1 Harper # Interviewer: #2 Mr.Harper {C: name used} # was a porter for fifty years and he went from here to Bristol and over then all the way to Washington that train you were on probably went to Washington 030: #1 {NW} I guess I didn't even know that # Interviewer: #2 and I'll bet you were on the train with her {X} yourself # but uh uh I wondered uh uh what uh uh uh I wanted to ask you um what that now the chicken did you have nothing to do with the chickens did you 030: No and not today either Interviewer: #1 No, is that right? # 030: #2 {NW} # Yes, no chickens {D: birds} #1 Anything like that. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # Is that right? 030: I don't like them Interviewer: Uh did And you never do you remember how they how your grandmother called the chickens? 030: {NW} uh well y- they were all so pitied #1 they just go to the door and I mean anybody has chickens if you grab yeah they run at you you know # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 030: And I have never #1 {NW} cared # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. I see. # {X} I you never uh got around there and collected the eggs? 030: No, no no. Interviewer: #1 You never did? Okay, well listen that's great. I'm gonna stop # 030: #2 N- n-. Mm-mm. # Interviewer: Okay the first questions I wanna ask you about is just about Knoxville itself 030: Okay Interviewer: What I want you to tell me if you will is something like a a make up of the city what are the major sections of Knoxville you were telling somebody about the major sections of town 030: Uh Interviewer: What would you say were the were the major sections 030: Well there's um West Town, Bearden. Um. Uh let me see What's next? Interviewer: This is coming from the west 030: Yeah Um Then uh Lonsdale um Mechanicsville. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: East Nashville What they ca- and then there was a section they called uh park city but and then Burlington Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: And then Holston Hills and all Interviewer: Thats straight out east? 030: Uh-huh. Interviewer: What about south of the river any 030: {D: Allenhomes um} {D: Allenhomes over there} I don't know I don't know what's on the other side of it though I don't know I haven't been over you know that far. {NW} And I've been here uh oh fountain city Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: That's on the other side. Uh-huh. Interviewer: And um now your talking about the neighborhoods are which ones would you consider are the wealthier neighborhoods say which do you know the richest people who were they where did they live 030: You would find them in west town west Knoxville like um Cherokee um there's another place down there Interviewer: #1 Does that old Sequoyah Hills uh # 030: #2 Yeah the Sequoyah hills. all this is # coming back this way and then Um Kingst- all down through Kingston Pike Interviewer: What about some of these uh average working class neighborhoods where are those did you find those in in which neighborhoods would they be so just average you know 030: Well now at at one particular time I could say they were all sitting in one section but you can't do that anymore because if a man and his wife both work and maybe if they have one child or two and they don't have to make more than ten thousand dollars a year to live anywhere they want to Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: You know um and if your yo- well if we uh some of 'em even- even you could make say eight thousand Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: And they will rent apartments or Interviewer: Mm-hmm I guess you couldn't rent it 030: Yeah huh yeah just about anywhere they wanted something up a lot of people are buying homes but Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: Um It's not that You can't y- I couldn't just say that everybody lived in this one section because they don't you know Interviewer: Yeah an and Knoxville or anymore there's specific ethnic neighborhoods or any would you call certain neighborhoods black neighborhoods 030: Yeah #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 030: Um Let me see well mostly it's centered in the projects but Interviewer: Where- we- where is that located 030: uh there's um Austin Holmes uh Walter P. Tellers Um And then in Lonsdale But your gonna have a few whites or either a few blacks in either place and there's um Um Over here on Virginia Avenue and um Western Heights Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: And they- but they uh not you couldn't call 'em completely anything {NW} because it's not Interviewer: what maybe there or at Knoxville college what what areas 030: this is Mechanicsville. Interviewer: Mechanicsville 030: Mm Interviewer: Where would the students go to high school here did they go to a room or 030: Yeah they'd go to {X} {D: would they go anywhere} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: I mean some parents uh of their parents are teachers and they feel like a school is better they'll send 'em to a better school Um Fulton's um West High School um Let me see there they have got so many new schools even in the counties sometimes they'll send them there and if they work in the county nine times out of ten they will drop their kids off at- on the way to work Interviewer: and is is the Mechanicsville neighborhood that's all always been a mixed neighborhood #1 hasn't it # 030: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: There's never been 030: I well I #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 for the most # part 030: Yeah well See now this like I was raised in Eastern Knoxville right And Like this was Yeager street going well the next street over It had just as many white as it did blacks so I couldn't say I was raised with Uh One particular group was we all played together it wasn't w- w- I mean I think all of us was surprised when we went to school and and found out that we all didn't go to the same school uh-huh. Interviewer: Now then Talking about Knoxville where were the major shopping areas in Knoxville 030: Well west town Holston Hill shopping center um Interviewer: West Town is a mall now 030: Yeah Uh we have quite a few people are going back to shopping downtown but do have a little shopping centers everywhere Um There's uh like I said there's One on Broadway the Broadway shopping center um Let me see there's uh one before you get to west town western plaza and then there's a little shopping center in Bearden it's just they are just scattered Interviewer: what about the the financial district the banks and all where the major financial offices located 030: Most banks are located on gay street but they have branches everywhere Interviewer: {X} is down there 030: Uh-huh they had branches all over the city you could go um just about anywhere you go you're gonna pass a bank or two a branch you know more than of each bank Interviewer: Are there any shopping centers in in Knoxville Or um I guess there are some cities that were primarily black would you say is there what is there was it geared #1 toward black people # 030: #2 {NW} uh-huh uh no # Interviewer: just shopping just for 030: no not particularly because people have a tendency in this town to shop where they uh they can buy what they want you know there- if um If I wanted to go buy something just because this store was here doesn't mean I gonna shop in it- in my neighborhood if it doesn't carry what I want to buy then I'm going where that's the way it goes most places Interviewer: And we are talking about uh would blacks live in Knoxville who is there any neighborhoods where you would have mostly upper class blacks and then maybe neighborhoods where you would have lower class were there any was they kind of stratified neighborhoods like that or or they they were basically 030: you might find one or two streets similar to that but you can't speaker#3: {NW} 030: {NW} but you can't find uh speaker#3: #1 I don't hardly think so now # Interviewer: #2 inner # city neighborhoods 030: uh-uh now the uh like I said Austin projects Austin homes projects and Walter P. Taylors and in Lonsdale are where you gonna find most black centered together Interviewer: wheres is Lonsdale in relation to 030: it's about Um two miles #1 west of here uh # Interviewer: #2 west of here # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # {D: out western end} 030: Mm-hmm Interviewer: are we you talking about Knoxville if your showing somebody the city and had show maybe some some landmarks or something that of historical interest what would be some of the things that Knoxville you might you might show 030: oh I would take 'em to the Blount memorial um the Blount mansion uh the new buildings that's going up that's twenty-three stories high something we've never had and uh well maybe like Knoxville college and the University of Tennessee I'd take 'em all around Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: um {NW} Let me see if some of the other things that's centered in Knoxville {X} zoo and park Interviewer: they do have a nice zoo don't they 030: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 030: and {NW} I don't know just wherever else they wanted to see you know you have sometimes you take people to a lot of places they get bored Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: {NW} Interviewer: tired of traveling all day? 030: yeah Interviewer: yeah talking about um the zoo and things is there any other parks something in Knoxville that you know 030: Mm-hmm there's Tyson park um there's a let me see it's two or three parks around here but I don't remember all of their names I used to know when I was taking my kids on picnics and everything but I don't anymore Interviewer: People still go to {X} 030: uh-huh it's crowded most of the time Interviewer: And they have rides and all that there don't they 030: right Interviewer: so they would in Tyson park wouldn't they 030: no and Tyson park is more or less like where you take your kids to they just swing s- uh-huh uh there's I don't think I don't think there's any other park around here with rides {D: any like catchups and parkers just uh} picnic area where b- now that's what where all the blacks used to go Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: {D: at Cal Johnson} but now it's not a park anymore it's a center and um they play basketball and things in there, but and they've just about taken that away from 'em so because well like I said everybody's scattered and they just play wherever it's convenient Interviewer: the uh now say you were flying in from New York were would you would you where your plane land if you were gonna fly to New York where would you catch the plane here 030: um over toward {D: limousine} what's the name of that airport now it's in Blount county um {D: like a dog} and I- I'm gonna catch the plane over there. Uh-huh. uh. Interviewer: you see that I was out there #1 Saturday night can't remember the name either. What is that? # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 030: #2 # Interviewer: Well, that's a uh McGhee T- 030: yeah McGhee Tyson airport. Interviewer: if you do you make any distinction between the airport and the airfield do those two terms ever mean anything different to you or they mean 030: well n- uh they are different one is #1 for small planes and # Interviewer: #2 in the air # field 030: Uh-huh so we have an airfield Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 030: #2 here # {D: Allen homes} Interviewer: mm-hmm is that the river 030: yeah uh-huh thats um um I think that it'd uh over at uh {D: Allen home} airport it well they it's uh airfield what they call it it's nothing like the airport Interviewer: just a small plane 030: mm-hmm no big planes landing then they have {X} {NW} Interviewer: I guess so 030: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 think so # I'd never flown till last summer the first time I've ever flown it was a long #1 quite a long flight # 030: #2 oh mm. # That's great my doctor won't let me fly over two hours if I'm going somewhere I have to #1 I have bad sinuses so it's bad for you # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # Mm-hmm I guess so 030: {NW} Interviewer: Since we're talking about transportation things how were you like I eighty-five or I seventy-five I forty what would you call that like a highway 030: {NW} um I don't understand what you mean how do you Interviewer: you know like I forty you would you call it what kind of a highway? it's or mm let's see you'd say don't drive through town don't you let rest 030: Oh bypass yeah it's more or less like a bypass uh if you're coming through Knoxville and you don't have any desire to stop, you would bypass or you wouldn't have to come drown and get in the congestion {NW} Interviewer: and so you would just call it interstate 030: uh-huh more or less Interviewer: and uh and talking about on the interstate or bypass say uh uh the places you like stop you knowing the community for example you might have you drawn a road then have to traveling the region and the 030: they have um uh rest stops all along but I don't think you'll find too many from here between from the time you enter Knoxville until you get ready to leave out there all out farther out there are rest stops but now you can uh while you're on the interstate uh wherever you can just they have all these next stop you know west town wherever you wanna get off there Interviewer: these these rest stops rest stops there just picnic area kind of things 030: the uh little small places uh-huh some of 'em are larger than others they have tables around some of 'em have restrooms some of 'em don't Interviewer: would you have a special name for when you might get off when theres a service station and everything like that 030: n- Interviewer: different name for that 030: Let me see they don't call it they call it some of 'em truck stops they call 'em they say what is that because they have I mean there are plenty of those in Knoxville where you uh get off and eat and um even where you get off, go to motels and eat and rest or whatever Interviewer: {NW} the lane you would take when you got off what'd you call that 030: Uh on that when you're in the uh right hand lane Interviewer: yeah when your getting off the interstate you say you're getting off the thing the thing that you 030: oh go off the ramp uh yeah Interviewer: and what about coming on would you call that the same thing 030: uh-huh you go up the you know come up ramp, get on, get on get off #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # and uh let's see what about the the lines painted down on the road to help guide you you know 030: um oh you mean the yellow line and the white line now you mean do I have a specific name Interviewer: #1 It's called the white line # 030: #2 yeah {NW} # You know {NW} Interviewer: {NW} 030: you know you're in the either you're in the right hand lane or you're in the left hand lane or y- you're going to watch out you're gonna cross over the white line or- or the yellow line or you know you're not supposed to pass in this area and that kind of stuff Interviewer: yeah and you know when you're on the highway your in the grass area in between the lanes you have two lanes on either side you know there's a grass area 030: Yeah and that's it {NW} and I we have 'em all over town and I've often wondered {NW} sometimes why they build 'em cause they cause so many wrecks um the median strip some of 'em that's what they are called Interviewer: now you seen 'em when they Instead of having the grass over there used to be a piece of steel or concrete and uh 030: uh-huh they well that's the same thing uh uh well not when it's got grass under they don't call it the median strip they call it something else but I don't know I don't remember what Interviewer: uh any are there any any other roads in the uh uh in Knoxville besides the interstate that you can only get on and off at certain areas you know how you can only get off and on the interstate at certain intervals 030: yeah Interviewer: seventeenth street or whatever 030: well Interviewer: you know kinda 030: all these one way streets around here I don't know I don't drive so I don't know too many things about that I've I haven't used that passage #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # there were a couple of them like you 030: yeah Interviewer: {NS} talk about Knoxville what would be the name you were talking about the neighborhood what would be the main streets up in Knoxville area would you say some of the major streets in the city 030: uh uh to tell you what to look out for like gay street vine street Kingston Pike um let me see Interviewer: gay would be where all the banks and all that wouldn't it 030: #1 Mm-hmm but see at once the way Knoxville is laid out, once you get to gay street # Interviewer: #2 Kingston Pike # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 030: you can go anywhere because it's almost I mean Knoxville is almost like a block to me you can just go around the block and be you know well it seems like you're going around the block but you go either straight ahead and turn left and know where you're going more or less it's not like you have to turn off here and go well it's not like being in Chicago or somewhere I tell you that where you get lost #1 when you go # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 030: uh it's to me if you can read directions at anywhere at all if you could find gay street at Knoxville you can find anywhere else in Knoxville because all streets run almost completely across town like Clint Street runs all the way across all they way down Kingston Pike Interviewer: that runs perpendicular 030: Mm-hmm Mm-hmm and um when you're going to Kingston Pike it's just that simple Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: you just make one turn and you don't turn anymore you're on your way you know so it's um Interviewer: what about in this part of town what would be the 030: University Avenue College street and western avenue those are the main streets here Interviewer: western avenue that really becomes old bridge highway 030: Mm-hmm. That's why I say i- if you're going anywhere you just get on one street you know it might the street might run out but you don't have to turn you just keep going Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: it's not like having to turn four or five times to get to it {NW} Interviewer: Have you what would you call it call that street in a situation where you um your road goes here and there's railroad tracks that come up over the road and go under the 030: uh an overpass Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: yeah if you go on well you go in the underpass you know like and if I tell you when you come to the underpass you know you're on the right in the right direction you just come straight ahead Interviewer: and you go over some trains in the 030: um yeah well that's that over underpass and overpass {NW} Interviewer: {NW} #1 {D: that's character} # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {NW} you talking about driving when you're parking and you can't what what do you call that kind of point when you just drive in and you have your car that kind of sit in at an angle like that you just drive in 030: Parallel parking Interviewer: Is that that the one you back in and parallel park 030: yeah well either way you know now the people that I usually ride with I mean we parked this way here in the yard and it's just according to how w- if it's um bad weather we're gonna back in Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: and if just- just like today, we just drive in you know and we park the same way Interviewer: and uh is it the other kind of parking 030: what you would call just uh straight parking Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: well it's I would that's what I would call it you know I wouldn't call it that I would one in parallel parking, the other one Interviewer: straight in 030: Uh-huh Interviewer: and uh uh now say you went down to millers downtown you know when you go in to park there what would you call that 030: oh in the garage, in miller's garage? that's where we'd be which level are you gonna be on that's it #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 garage # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # And uh now the thing you can't park beside that you plug the fire hose up in what you call those 030: Fire hydrants Interviewer: #1 huh # 030: #2 uh-huh # Interviewer: #1 # 030: #2 # Interviewer: and uh you mentioned the twenty-three story building what building that's gonna be 030: uh-huh United American bank Interviewer: what other kind of large building are there town 030: um s- let me see {NW} well there aren't many {D: well yeah Fairgood what used to be Fairgood hotel} what used to I mean what used to be Andrew Johnson hotel um the city county building they're larger we got some new banks see it see banks they're not exactly what you would call tall buildings but they are pretty large um they are spread out Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: on the ground level more or less but I think that's bank that United American bank the one that's going up will be one of tallest buildings that we have in town Interviewer: do you have an name for you know for apartments that off 030: Condominiums or high rise apartments Interviewer: so is there anything different between them to you 030: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: What would be what would that di- 030: a condominium was the one that you're gonna find on the outskirts more or less really Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: uh {D: and so they was kinda set out} but high rises are everywhere {NW} you can get a high rise you can go to a high rise on just about every other street Interviewer: and are the high rises usually tall than condominiums 030: Mm-hmm well some of 'em {NW} uh the high rises are more or less like efficiency apartments with people but condominiums are homes people buy those they don't generally rent 'em Interviewer: Mm-hmm mm-hmm mm-hmm and uh we talked about streets and all what about the uh down and behind some of the buildings a little Knox- 030: {D: Ellis} Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: yeah well Interviewer: {D: coloring} 030: yeah because you had you have to go down to the alley you w- we'd need those for the trash people come up we had uh well there's nothing th- I've never called them anything just an alley Interviewer: and uh what about a place where area left with buildings town down uh there's nothing there they hadn't even been rebuilt what would you call that 030: {NW} well in Knoxville we called 'em parking lots cause the minute they tore one down that's exactly what they'd do with it just start parking on it yes but they w- u- usually they when they'd tear out places if it's in a residential area it's just a vacant lot Interviewer: that's uh when I was a kid that was one of the big they tore the houses down in place of a mall 030: Yeah that's I think I uh any vacant lot if anybody owned land and didn't build on it that's uh best place in the world to play ball Interviewer: ball and what about if you went into a store like that and wanted a drink of water you would go to the 030: water fountain Interviewer: and uh um uh let's see what about if you had a park the thing you might get water from 030: out of the water fountain and it's the same thing uh well sometimes they don't have uh uh they have a faucet if maybe more or less but it's still a water fountain it's just the way they fixed it Interviewer: oh the next set of questions has to do with the nature of different kinds of car I don't mean anything like brands or things like Ford or Chevrolets 030: Mm Interviewer: what different yeah styles of cars that you 030: uh uh-huh but I don't know too much I'm glad you don't want brand names cause I don't know anything about cars I really barely ride in 'em Interviewer: Mm-hmm Oh well for example say a car that maybe just uh had had uh had had two doors and and you know 030: #1 had to climb over to get in the back # Interviewer: #2 what would you # call that kind of 030: that's just a two door car {NW} Interviewer: And uh four doors do you know any 030: yes uh no just four doors a four door whatever Interviewer: yeah you remember maybe back in the past the small car or cars 030: #1 Rumble seats in the back # Interviewer: #2 yeah. Mm-hmm # 030: yeah Interviewer: Was there any special name for the kind of car that had that rumble seat? 030: N- I mean No it was always the one with the rumble seat you know um I think I I don't think I've ever seen but one of 'em Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: and that was on display Interviewer: Mm-hmm you ever hear anyone talk about a coupe or talk about a different kind of car a coupe or 030: Mm-hmm well yeah I know about sports coupe is the one that has two seats in the but that's all no room just room for two people Interviewer: {X} off a little 030: Uh Jaguar or something like what's expensive {NW} Interviewer: {X} 030: yeah Interviewer: I feel like that was expensive cars maybe a big large car what would you 030: the Lincoln Continental the Cadillac the Mercury the new Mercury that that they have out but they're pretty Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # Is it now one {NS} car thats over the top over pretentious like that you know what I mean you just kinda over do anything on a car like that and overdone car kind of 030: car that had just too much Interviewer: uh-huh 030: now that would be here for it it's too much {NW} uh yeah Interviewer: here you go 030: It'd be gaudy Interviewer: what about that the thing you might take to the airport you know if you didn't have someone to take you in the car you might 030: #1 Well here it # speaker#3: #2 Or at a motel, you might # 030: you called it what you called the um uh it's not a taxi its a uh what #1 limousine yeah airport limousine # Interviewer: #2 you mean limousine # Those well those were big and I guess seat eight or ten 030: well they did but now they aren't you had to when you called for a limousine you had to know that it's a limousine you know they had to let you know this is what you're getting they used to have the {D: uh uh big limousines here but I don't think there's} too many of those left in Knoxville you send for a limousine you'll probably get a uh maybe Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: um what'd we call 'em a van or one of those little buses or something like that they don't h- I don't think there could be cause I'm gonna have to ride one {NW} and I'm going to but I don't think s- I don't I don't remember seeing big l- Interviewer: how have they they have probably already probably got all the vans when you talk about vans you mean the trucks that uh kind of open at the side or or pull out how are they 030: well some of yes most of 'em open on the side just um it's not like the vans the you would have um Interviewer: for delivery um 030: no I know that's not what I was thinking about the vans that you would have for your personal self you know Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: the one that you would have all decked out on the inside {NW} Interviewer: #1 camping # 030: #2 {NW} yeah # but uh it's just one that has maybe seats in it or anywhere from nine to twelve people Interviewer: kinda like that Volkswagen bus 030: #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 030: something similar to the Volksw- they could be Volkswagen bus Interviewer: yeah 030: {NW} Interviewer: the car that you know you could have a six van in the back kind of a long car 030: station wagon Interviewer: and um let's see you talking about those trucks those vans what other kinds of small trucks might a family own you know not a big diesel or anything 030: I y- uh you mean the mobile homes that I uh a Winnebago and that a executive and {NW} Interviewer: I guess those rise in some money too 030: yes they're Interviewer: especially right now 030: yeah they cost m- as much as you would pay for a house Interviewer: what about small trucks that you just wanna have a 030: a camper #1 {NW} would you # Interviewer: #2 when you wouldn't have for camping # you would just use 030: well you know a lot of people in Knoxville have uh trucks and they have uh then what we call uh a truck bed they just back the truck up on in and fasten it on and go on back and this is what they call a camper and put it on the truck bed Interviewer: that's um I'm surprised is that what goes on a pick up truck 030: Mm-hmm a regular pick up truck Interviewer: and um let's see what um what about a truck you would use to deliver things in um you know not an open bed but a closed in 030: um Interviewer: they that was used for delivering cakes or maybe even flowers you'd say 030: well they come they come more or less come in vans everything is in vans here I- i- in this day and age {NW} it didn't used to be ours be that-a-way but it's in vans they come in vans yeah Interviewer: what about the public transportation did you want 030: the K.T.L. Interviewer: mm what you'd catch a what to get downtown catch a 030: K.T.L. well generally if I'm gonna say I I have to ride the bus today or I'm gonna catch the bus but uh the main part is the K.T.L. and it runs every thirty minutes if you're lucky {NW} #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 I I # even at school get um pretty regularly towards school 030: oh UT? Interviewer: {X} for a quarter or so, you can't 030: yeah well we- I have to pay forty cents but I don't mind because I live uh between park city and Burlington Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: and when I put forty cents in I come #1 yeah pretty good rates all the way across town # Interviewer: #2 Pretty good rates # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 030: and that's the one thing about our buses they do go complete from one end of town to the other Interviewer: well you're in good shape 030: Mm-hmm Interviewer: now we're talking about the car, inside the car uh uh a car a car has various instruments like a speedometer and all like that 030: Mm Interviewer: we call that it's up there up on the 030: on the panel board Interviewer: and um what about the little compartment that you might keep something in 030: #1 yeah uh # Interviewer: #2 {D: bouncing things} # 030: well that's what you call the compartment {D: I've learned uh} {D: the compartment there and get out and it might take some whatever} {NW} Interviewer: and the part of the back that you put your luggage on that uh 030: trunk Interviewer: what about uh the thing that you would uh mash to get it to go 030: the gas pedal Interviewer: Mm. 030: yeah and the starter Interviewer: yeah 030: um that's um let me see uh the dashboard Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: {NS} guess that's just about all I know about cars Interviewer: dashboard and the panelboards the same? 030: yeah well sometimes I would call it I- if I say the dashboard or look on the panel up there and tell me what you know whatever it is it would be the same it would I would if it was said to me I would take it to mean the same thing Interviewer: what about the thing you would shift 030: the gears Interviewer: if you do would you do make any distinction between the floor or the column 030: well when more or less when one is in the floor that's um what you would call a four speed one that would get the speed to the one though cause automatic the uh generally have it on the steering wheel when you would just put put it in drive and go head on j but the vehicle often near you of course just about have it in the floor now Interviewer: Mm-hmm and you would call them that 030: Uh-huh Interviewer: well uh we're talking about the cars and stuff the things that I guess some shopping centers keep these little hump these kind of 030: {X} Interviewer: they called 'em 030: um {NW} just what you said the little humps you know but that's not the name for 'em uh they call 'em some kind of stretch but I don't re- Interviewer: you ever heard them called speed breakers or 030: yeah speed breakers c- now let me see where was I going to Pontiac Michigan and we ran into speed breakers before we got off the highway when you get ready to come off you go with speed breakers Interviewer: that could really do your car some damage 030: now well it's they aren't like they are when they are no they're not like they are when they on uh in on private property when in well like apartment buildings has speed breakers around but when you come off off there it's uh it's a different {X} really Interviewer: Mm-hmm talk about the things say uh you got some maps and you wanna do something around the you might want to hold um together you might want to put a 030: a rubber band Interviewer: well what about you got anything like to clip over something you call that 030: a clip board Interviewer: yeah or say like this thing right here 030: um, that's a paper clip Interviewer: ever heard that called a Jim clip 030: yeah that's what on the bikes when you buy but I but that's what I'd say #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 030: yeah but uh under in but I would never think to call it that's it's do you have any paper clips more or less then I would know what you were talking about but if I guess it's somebody asked if I did I have any Jim clips Interviewer: where I'd say something like Jim clips is a brand name 030: Mm-hmm Interviewer: Coca Cola or Pepsi or something 030: Mm-hmm Interviewer: and we're talking asking about the car and truck things the different kinda firetrucks you know with uh different kinds off or something say one 030: uh well let me see uh you have the ladder truck, one that carries the ladders um or there's um I don't know Interviewer: anyone where you just shoot out the water from 030: in that not well now that's just what you would call here we would just call it a regular firetruck but it maybe it has another name Interviewer: what about the kind where th- you know how it might say like it's the twenty-third 030: #1 {NW} that's the ladder truck it when they would have the ladders to go all the way up # Interviewer: #2 yeah and they'd have`a real # have you seen 'em where they can put the fire out in the this little compartment. they can use 030: yeah on a crane #1 yeah # Interviewer: #2 any name for that special # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 030: no I mean I'm sure they do have names but um Interviewer: do you maybe call them a snorkel truck or something 030: Mm-mm no Interviewer: I don't know that Knoxville has why I- I've never seen enough fires to really know 030: {D: mead} and we've had some big fires and I'll see but um people go to look at things like that I don't #1 {NW} no # Interviewer: #2 I've never # I'll bet the biggest thing came up just on thirty-second street 030: yeah and that was one of 'em uh-huh but they had one hear that {NS} um that had paint or something in it and it was a pretty big house they have had some pretty big fires around here though {NS} like I said there when I'm on my way home I never stop to look at it I don't like tragedies Interviewer: Mm-hmm now we are talking about the emergency vehicles like that if uh say that you call paramedics or something like that what would call would you call um anything 030: uh yeah you you mean when the ambulance would come but they's let me see what do they call those little things now {NW} well it's an ambulance but they wouldn't call um they would more or less say that the paramedics come in or uh it was let me see what did they call give me a minute to fire department Interviewer: {NS} 030: and the rescue squad or stuff but you know nine times out of ten Interviewer: department 030: uh-huh they don't ever say {X} Interviewer: truck 030: Mm-mm not really Interviewer: don't worry I don't have one either 030: {NW} Interviewer: the car that the the the uh say the fire chief might come in any way what do you call his car got a name for that 030: well, that's just it the chief came in you know the fire- {X} uh say or either when you see that little red car streaking ahead everybody knows there goes the chief must be pretty big fire but they I've never heard it called any particular name because I mean Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: usually when you just see that the little red car you know it's so Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: belongs to the fire department so Interviewer: what about different kinds of police vehicles what different kind of police vehicle would you see in this area 030: they have just regular police cars and if you downtown you're gonna see those little um um let me see what in the world do they call 'em #1 that they ride n- not motorcycles but I'm trying to think but yeah but um # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 030: what they Interviewer: what they're going to 030: I really and truly don't know what they call 'em w- you know it's a little old what the more or less what the um ladies ride in when they're giving you a ticket {NW} they would when you see 'em coming then you would know that you were in the wrong but I don't know I know they have a name but I don't know know what it is Interviewer: what about something totally what if they arrested a whole bunch of people 030: it's in the Paddy Wagon Interviewer: yeah 030: {NW} yeah Interviewer: I was a little kid I was a patrol boy and had big thrills whenever we'd get to ride #1 to the police station in the Paddy Wagon very very fun or # 030: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 030: #2 # Before I started working over here I worked as a crossing guard Interviewer: oh really 030: uh-huh and I was crossing guard for about seven or eight years and I had lots of patrol boys in mm it's now I see them and they're grown but their big trip was getting to go to Washington every year {NW} Interviewer: we took a trip to Jacksonville to the naval place down there and we were told that we had one trip to the police station we'd go to the police station and they'd come out and get us in the Paddy Wagon 030: yeah that's the one {NW} Interviewer: we talked about airplanes and things something that might that they might fly in on an airplane they might police might go over the city and uh 030: helicopter yeah Interviewer: I guess thats it Knoxville getting about the size of 030: {NW} Interviewer: pay attention to that 030: right Interviewer: we talked about big disasters and all we talked about fires what are some of the kind of natural disasters that kinds of different names you have for the kinds of storms the big wind storms what would you call 'em 030: well {NW} you know we're not in the area where you're gonna have w- if it's really and you know like its a thunderstorm electrical storm you know or you you might say that the wind was extremely high and they have had tornadoes to touch down here but a hurricane and all these things we're just not in that area uh-uh but that kind but w- now we have had some mighty high winds but not hurricane force or anything Interviewer: there's not really been any tornadoes here 030: no uh-uh. you th- they hit around before they get to us because we are in the valley so that kinda s- saves us but if one gets in you're in trouble {NW} Interviewer: I did a lot of these interviews in Florida and the people down weren't hurricanes n- hurricanes never bothered 'em that was just like a {X} 030: a bad uh-huh Interviewer: they just board up the house and stayed right at home apparently we were worried more than they were about a 030: and when it when when it really when the wind gets real high here you um {NS} it's it's frightening to go downstairs in the basement cause you're just not used to it Interviewer: What about a storm where you have uh maybe a lot of sleet and things like that like freezing rain 030: Yeah well that's what's here you could we haven't really had a hailstorm and you might say that it did hail or we have had {D: weather winded} rain, sleet, and lighting and thunder but that's just about what you would call some more bad weather Interviewer: Would you ever have ice storms around or any like that 030: we did have one once but Interviewer: is that just where it rained 030: every every uh-huh it was what you would call a freezing rain and it was it would when it hit the ground Interviewer: froze right 030: It froze, yes and uh nobody wanted to. well you'd you would look at the street and it didn't look like anything was wrong with it but it would really be ice Interviewer: now uh let's see we talked about uh firetrucks and all what would you call a man who fights fires 030: a firefighters um just a regular fireman but I mean you know that's I I'd guess maybe other places they do have different names Interviewer: Have you heard any slang terms for firemen maybe that you might hear you might any 030: Mm-mm no I don't think so you know like um I know plenty of 'em that work for the fire department but it just you know Interviewer: No firemen all over the city 030: Mm-hmm Interviewer: what do they do 030: {NW} I've never heard 'em called anything just like a police man course you know we have a- we we wouldn't know of all of these things if they didn't put um on T-V but we do hear some strange things sometimes Interviewer: what the terms that you might hear in these area for policemen you think anything you might hear a kind of slang term for a police man 030: yeah well Interviewer: on T-V within this area 030: yeah well more or less like just like you would here or anywhere else if he's black, then he is uh that black dude was over where if he's white, the honkey was here or the pig was here well now pig don't have any color Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: you know he's just a pig re- uniform that's what he is but now in just if he's Interviewer: Is that usually used for a police man or any policemen 030: #1 it's {NW} there's just # Interviewer: #2 do you what I mean # 030: de- depend on the crowd of people their attitude toward it you know because you could go in some places where they're highly respected and you go in other places where it's just you just couldn't get a kind word for one any kind of way Interviewer: what about the place where the fireman and all would would stay and keep the fire truck 030: at the fire department ah uh it's you might say department number because h- the num- all of 'em here are numbered and and your number so and so at our department number so was that but that's just a bit more or less the way that they category here Interviewer: any name for the the house itself where they keep the trucks and all 030: no when you say the department that #1 that includes everything that everybody sleeps, eats, and keep uh right there # Interviewer: #2 Right there. # what about where the policemen report in and things what would you call that 030: you mean like at the jail Interviewer: Mm-hmm they all the police that are stationed at the jail 030: well when they go in and work I don't think there's any other place it could be but you know I see them when they reporting for work they go in in at the city jail and they go in and come out and put whatever I guess they have to check in like do like everybody else Interviewer: well we talked about that you mentioned the jail there at the park there'd be alcohol and some hard drugs 030: in the drunk tank {NW} yeah Interviewer: I bet that's smelly 030: yeah {NW} yes my goodness and the drunk t- I've never seen one I would like to Interviewer: I'll see one from the outside 030: {NW} yeah on this side of it not on the inside Interviewer: we um 030: {NW} Interviewer: what kinds of things would a policeman carry for protection like 030: a billy a blackjack handcuffs gun um when a lot of people don't know this but keys they use their keys cause they have quite a few now I know Interviewer: just like brass knuckles 030: uh-huh u- uh it's um it's more or less like if you in a situation where somebody has got you almost hemmed up and you can't get to nothing but your keys, they're helpful Interviewer: now is there a difference between the blackjack and the billy 030: uh-huh a blackjack is a little small flat lid it with a lid on the end and the billy uh-huh and the billy is the long Interviewer: #1 stick # 030: #2 stick uh-huh # Interviewer: #1 # 030: #2 # Interviewer: let's see we were talking about how we were talking about the drunk tank and everything say someone who um find out out in the gutter there you'd call him a what 030: alcoholic you know it that goes to saying drunk again Interviewer: what about someone maybe who's not exactly an alcoholic but just kind of bums around around the 030: that's exactly what he is a bum #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 A bum? # and uh what about a you know maybe a cheap hotel that might cater to like 030: {D: the flop houses} yeah Interviewer: and uh now someone hold on I wanted to see um a woman who sells her sex would be a 030: prostitute Interviewer: yeah any other names 030: uh-huh whore {NW} Interviewer: those equivalent terms 030: Mm-hmm #1 well that # Interviewer: #2 One was nicer # than the other 030: yeah well I I put it to you like this one that makes big money say she is a prostitute and one that makes small money she's a whore #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 I guess a bit different # 030: but yeah no it didn't both of 'em are doing the same thing but uh yeah but if you say um if you are if you're talking to one or reading about any of 'em you'll notice that they were say this high class call girl Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: uh then there's how uh it'd the the call girl is really making big money the prostitute she's living pretty well but when you get to the bottom line you know {NW} Interviewer: now here before there were several of them that'd might work anything for that 030: no I don't think so I mean now Interviewer: uh but they probably wouldn't really have a house of them 030: #1 well yeah uh-huh but that don't mean too much a lot of things illegal that don't really mean too much # Interviewer: #2 it's illegal # 030: they might have a house and that's what they would call it or to whoever has {D: allow them to work at uh} Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: uh I don't uh you I've heard 'em call I've heard 'em called in the places called whorehouses but um that was when Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: all of 'em lived in one place and you the men went to see them but see now during my era I think more or less you were called to come and go to Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: because I mean until I went to Washington I never even seen anybody stand on the street and hustle I read about it I didn't believe it but I saw it {NW} Interviewer: now then in fact I was a big city guy too 030: uh-huh I never you know I never there could be a district here that people work at uh that I mean if it is they they probably work out of hotels but I've never seen 'em just what you say stand on the street and solicit and then I have read in the paper where they have been arrested for soliciting but I had Interviewer: so it'd have to be a massage parlor 030: uh-huh or they had wherever they I don't know where they live or how they managed this cause they solicit from cars or whatever I don't know like I said cause I've never seen it here Interviewer: the man the manager that would work the prostitutes do you have a name for him 030: um yeah because they have to have a pimp {NW} but they what they called they mean men Interviewer: yeah well that was a term I hadn't really heard until I was of an age I was watching a lot of 030: yeah well you know T-V is really brought the outside world in Interviewer: that the next question the question's about names of different drugs and things that the illegal things that some people smoke 030: I don't know why they're letting the kids play in the hamper like that {NW} go ahead Interviewer: the illegal drug that somebody might smoke 030: Marijuana Interviewer: have you ever heard any of the other names 030: yeah joint have you got a- have you got a joint man have you got any scag Interviewer: Scag? 030: uh-huh. Um j's Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: um that is just for one I think Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: yeah Interviewer: what about the harder drugs that you might hear of what what other kinds of hard 030: I don't know um I've never been around anybody that really used hard drugs so I I mean it could be a name I could have read um but u- uh they don't mean anything to me so I don't try to retain that but I I know when they use heroin they call it something have you got a hit but then a hit could be some of anything Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: uh th- this would if whatever your crowd uses then that could be a hit, so I wouldn't say that it would be I've heard um heroin called uh the monkey on your back but I don't know if you and I were both users then maybe we would have a term for it but for but just being around people I don't you know I don't really and truly know about it Interviewer: You were talking about a user somebody who is hooked on it what would you call him 030: just just what you said somebody that's hooked on or well it's users that's you know uh and they say well he's Interviewer: like an addict he's 030: yeah he's an addict he's uh if you um if somebody come in the room then somebody might say more or less like well he's on hard drugs or something like that Interviewer: yeah uh say someone who sold drugs they 030: pushers Interviewer: they or they now you is he usually a user or 030: nine times out of ten t- out of ten a pusher doesn't use all he want is the money uh-huh see he'll sell it to you and laugh at you {NW} #1 but I don't think I don't think yeah # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 030: I don't think most pushers are users Interviewer: the uh we talked about {D: he's raising money any differing terms if had you had some terms people wanted to use} 030: yeah bread you got any bread man yeah {NW} Uh let me see uh that's most of the time what they said have you got any bread but my guess there are other terms for money and things like that but Interviewer: {X} 030: uh-huh Interviewer: what let me see now what about a place where you you need some quick uh some quick money you sell a ring you'd go to the 030: pawn shop Interviewer: yeah 030: um yeah well that's a pawn shop to the l- one of those loan shops downtown Interviewer: say something not like alcohol you'd like to drink not not hard liquor but you might drink 030: what, wine? Not an alcoholic {NW} {D: He'll drink some splow, but yeah} but uh uh alcohol well I guess uh you would call it wino and alcoholic cause it's {X} the same thing Interviewer: what you mentioned spoil what do you mean by that is that uh 030: that's white whiskey what the call a white lightning #1 Homemade # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 030: come out of the hills {NW} Interviewer: now I guess you know there's nothing you here like that you'd really isolated areas 030: yeah that's where they usually set it at and they always reading trying to find stills and things around here but that's something I've known about all my life uh whiskey runners but um I've never really and truly seen anybody try to really stop whiskey runners and they run everywhere Interviewer: Well I must I guess pass some cash to somebody somewhere 030: I don't know but ever since I was little I'm I mean ever since I can remember there's always been someone who's been there Interviewer: Hmm the uh uh any any names with different kinds of lines they saw when you might have for dinner 030: Yeah well there's dinner wine. Let me see there's the mad dog {NW} uh Interviewer: {D: Maybe down near twenty} 030: Yeah {D: Morgan Davis twenty t- and what there's another one} appplejack uh but now those are kind of wines that you're gonna find that people smoke pot with you know uh but that's not the uh it's one that they drink here all the time whenever you see a bottle of you know just about who had it Interviewer: mm 030: But I can't think of the name of it Interviewer: Let's see uh 030: Uh uh uh uh Interviewer: Any uh any kind of word or name or anything for a cheaper wine 030: yeah well this this that's what I'm trying to #1 think of the name of this # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 030: because it's about eighty-nine cents uh not a not over a dollar a dollar a bottle Interviewer: Is it ripple 030: #1 {D: Yeah you have the uh red and green spring ripple when you say out of} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 030: wines you know somebody who found it out there but there anyone particular one but I can't think the name of it Interviewer: what's that kind that has all the different flavors fruit 030: yeah oh but Interviewer: I I I don't know about that I can't think of the name of it 030: uh Cause you can get it in apple cherry just about any yeah anything you wanted it'd be just about Interviewer: yeah that stuff made in you think it might be Louisiana or somewhere farther 030: I don't know where it's made or any but they must make it mighty fast and send it out fast because it's a lot of it's sold in Knoxville Interviewer: what about more expensive that you might have 030: {D: something yeah rose uh burgundy} um Interviewer: now what is it all red 030: no not all of 'em um some uh some of 'em are white white wines Interviewer: all your talking about wine or winos the place the part of town where you might see a lot of winos got any name for that 030: mm mm-hmm Well let me see Interviewer: where you might see um fighting down on the 030: and you um I don't think you could see I- here now well {D: um like uh a strip you could find some of any thing but you wouldn't find 'em out here like} you do in the big city but guys would every section of town carries its own you know {NW} you gonna have 'em and uh but I don't know uh I don't if whether there's any particular place where winos just really hang out cause I know of people that drank a lot and you see 'em anywhere just in you just look up and here they come you know Interviewer: what about the name for a place that like a movie house or a theater that shows a lot of x-rated 030: movies Interviewer: any names for a location like that kinda rude kinda movies 030: uh no not to me #1 uh well I've never been to one in the first place I wouldn't know # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 030: I know we had one on gay street and it was just you know but they closed and I never went to Interviewer: uh what we were talking about there was a policeman and a fireman and the guy that carried the mail what would you call him 030: mailman Interviewer: what about the the one that picks up your garbage 030: uh he's a garbage man in the garbage truck Interviewer: you know you seem like somebody that that has a 030: we don't call 'em garbage men. Trashmen #1 uh less more or less # Interviewer: #2 Okay # 030: and now I think that whenever since they have had made sure the you had to put your garbage in a green bag and everything they don't even uh we just call 'em more or less dump trucks did the you know we used to say did the the trashman come today and now they say that the garbage did they pick up the garbage today Interviewer: what a- what about a person who is able to get a lot a favors down at city hall you know able to always 030: go down and talk to somebody Interviewer: what what would you call that kind of first or anything what would you say you had 030: political pull Interviewer: yeah well 030: {NW} Interviewer: And what about so maybe uh city or state employee or something has no real job no responsibility who's just kinda on the payroll you know what I mean 030: Yeah let me see what do they call 'em Interviewer: He just gets salary and doesn't really 030: do anything yeah but but then he's in everything you see 'em around uh I don't know what they called 'em but I sure do know what your talking about {NW} cause they all over Interviewer: Ever heard it called payroll or anything like that 030: no usually they let me see no I don't know what they call 'em but uh it's you know we do have political {D: boards in Knoxville} those are the ones that hang on you go down to city city hall and they always there Interviewer: Mm-hmm You you talked about the trashmen and everything the uh the can outside what what what would you call that 030: the trashcan Interviewer: what about uh the big the big green things that they pick up the trucks pick up like that 030: the you mean the one they come to empty the dumpsters Um let me see Interviewer: what you call it the dumpster truck 030: uh-huh Interviewer: and uh what about you see a machine that some people might have at home 030: compressors trash compressor yeah Interviewer: and um uh what I'll see I'll ask you question about different kinds of stores what would you call a larger kind of food stores and shopping centers what would you 030: you mean y- what do I call s- Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: #1 A full store in the shopping center # Interviewer: #2 yeah the big large ones meaning # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 030: well that's um mm Interviewer: so you might go along and say say something like I went to the store 030: shopping center or usually I don't say went to the store anymore I either go to Kroger's or I went to the mp I never s- you know uh um I went to the I-G-A full diner I never say to the grocery store or Interviewer: the the supermarkets are grocery stores 030: yeah um well I've been to the supermarket but um I guess I've heard that term quite a a bit but usually um if I'm going to the store I say I'm going to the white store or to the mp I'm going at Kroger's and then when people ask me did you go to uh supermarket I say #1 which one yeah # Interviewer: #2 Yeah # 030: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # the uh uh neighborhood stores what did you any name for that what'd you call it when 030: a little small grocery store um just a little old neighborhood grocery Interviewer: what about one that maybe it's where you stand a pack stacks or something open from seven to eleven 030: you oh you mean yeah uh {NW} you you some of 'em are called a minimart and some of 'em are called um {D: what in the world do they call those stickers} family pantries we have those things all over town Interviewer: and the big convenience 030: yeah convenience food stores and we do have the seven eleven here Interviewer: we talked about the um culinary thing what about the cooking utensils maybe a you know for people to be able to fry something 030: in a skillet Interviewer: no you might plug in and what would you call that 030: electric skillet yeah Interviewer: if you were saving up for a a kind of small {NS} {NS} 030: excuse me Interviewer: a kind of oven to cook food in a hurry 030: microwave microwave oven Interviewer: uh what are we talking about stores what about a small store you'd go get like sausages or or salads or leeks and things like that just 030: uh Interviewer: sandwiches 030: there was {X} but I have those here but we don't call 'em that and down to the dairy we don't have many of those here like they have in big cities we have on on Gay Street though Daniel Harrell's and thats what we call it Daniel Harell's Interviewer: Mm-hmm 030: it's real nice Interviewer: and uh a coin operated place where you'd go do your clothes 030: laundromat Interviewer: and uh now say your dirty clothes then you might put them in in with a lid you might wanna put your clothes 030: in the hamper Interviewer: and uh if you were cleaning you know now instead of using a broom you might us a 030: vacuum cleaner Interviewer: what do you call the thing you have to empty you know with the vacuum cleaner 030: uh uh cleaning bag that's exactly what they are and inexpensive Interviewer: say your mopping the little plastic thing you might put water in 030: in the bucket Interviewer: now the uh a man who in a in the funeral the man who's in charge of the funeral you call him the 030: general director or see when you uh live in a small area like in Knoxville, you just call him by his name hate me when you automatically say mr Tate if you're here you know you know who they use that say well johnny could continue you know where johnny come from {NW} Interviewer: now do you have a vehicle that you could take the casket in 030: uh in a hearse Interviewer: and uh any names for the buildings where 030: {X} Interviewer: what about those buildings where your entered you know have you a name for the place you actually store the names the names have you seen you seen what kind of 030: {NW} Interviewer: what's it 030: {NW} Interviewer: instead of burying you in the ground they have 030: oh the mausoleums {D: uh that what you're talking about that that's what they} Interviewer: do they do they even have any in this area 030: I don't think so {NW} no no I know there aren't any here Interviewer: and um now um the last time we we did a questionnaire we talked about cigarettes any other names have just for regular cigarettes any other terms that you might use 030: a smoke I gotta smoke man um but that's just about it I don't know I don't know any of them names for a cigarette Interviewer: what about a room in the house thats designed to get a lot of sunlight in that we have a lot of windows in hope maybe some glass on the roof with lots of sun any name for that kind of room in the house 030: um Interviewer: that might have a lot of plants 030: oh now if like you have a hot house or something in your house uh Interviewer: thats different from what I'm you ever have a sun room in your house or anything like that 030: uh no no I didn't it would be I've been in sun rooms and I think they're beautiful but no I never had one Interviewer: there you go 030: {NW} Interviewer: now what about informal rooms for maybe relaxing and T-V 030: like in the den yeah now we had that Interviewer: and uh now say a a room you know maybe be a bathroom but one where you have just a toilet and a sink or a shower 030: and uh I have one of those but I don't I just {NW} I never see what would I call it mm Interviewer: well when you were describing your house would you say you had two baths 030: no I would say I had bath and a half uh-huh and because the other one's not a complete bath Interviewer: and um what about heating what kinds of heating equipment in your house would heat your house 030: um now the one I been living in I we have {D: sill heat} the one I moved from we had uh oil heat the one Interviewer: furnace for that oil heat or 030: no we just had an oil stove and it was connected outside you know had wood on tacked on the outside of the house all ran in and that's was the heat Interviewer: what about cooling you guys do anything to cool 030: air conditioner A small room air conditioner Interviewer: w- what would you ever seen the houses where you with heat thats pocketed to all rooms 030: you mean the solar heat like what they have there uh that's what you're talking about or about the steam heat Interviewer: what kind of air conditioning that goes from to all the rooms could you 030: oh the um um uh like the carrier going through Interviewer: Out of the woodwork 030: {NW} #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {D: You didn't something, didn't give us to} # 030: Yeah. Interviewer: {D: I don't know work what people are doing} 030: {NW} Interviewer: {X} central heating and air condi- 030: -ditioning yeah We now there are most houses that are being built now got it. Central heating. Interviewer: {D: I guess} 030: And air conditioning, you know. Interviewer: Have you ever seen the kind of house that the kind I was born in uh where you can open all the doors in the house and the front door and open and you see #1 straight # 030: #2 straight # through it uh-huh. Kind of a shotgun house. Uh-huh. Interviewer: Yeah. {X} How many rooms did they they usually have? Was there any limit on the number? 030: Most of 'em were three rooms shotgun houses some of 'em were four rooms but uh they were still straight through. Interviewer: The have you ever seen a house that maybe I can draw it used to have a lot of 'em in Alabama. Sometimes you got one big room right here one big room right here and this kind of an open well there's a there's a roof over that this is an open hall it's just a big there's no door or anything. It's just completely open. It's it's covered by a roof and you get a roof over it 030: You mean um Y- y- Like a breezeway? In between, yeah. Interviewer: Ever seen a a kind of house like that? 030: Yeah. Interviewer: Did you have a name for it ever? 030: N- not the house but all- all I would say is the house had a breezeway. Interviewer: Have you ever heard anybody call it a dog trot house? Or a double pen house? 030: Uh-uh. Interviewer: Now they're not I don't think those kind of houses are nearly as common here as they are like {D: well south} from Alabama. 030: Uh-huh. Interviewer: {D: In Alabama you see 'em a pretty good bit} Now what about a house that's kinda like this. It's got a long entry hall and then maybe a big {D: sink} big one large room that that's set at a an angle to the room {D: maybe some call it this} you have the um entry hall here the big room there. Be something like that. Can you give me a name for that kind of house? 030: No, I don't think I've ever seen one like that either. Interviewer: I haven't either. 030: {NW} No. Interviewer: Huh people, some people call it a hall and parlor house or a {D: flying ale} or 030: Mm-mm. Interviewer: Don't ring a bell? 030: No. Interviewer: What about any other names for kinds of houses like that shotgun house? that you know? 030: No, just two-stories and mm you know and well we call some of the houses that they built little crackerbox houses. Interviewer: #1 Like the small # 030: #2 you know # Yeah, the square houses. Interviewer: {X} 030: And then there were the flat tops when they came out. Interviewer: My father used to say My dad used to {D: say you can throw us out if you change your mind} 030: {NW} yeah {C: laughing} crackerbox Interviewer: You seen those maybe sometimes a field house where they have a a bunch of small houses in just a line little small 030: #1 I've seen 'em. # Interviewer: #2 {D: name for those kind of houses} # 030: Uh-uh. I mean I've seen 'em but um that's just like they used to have those little railroad houses but they call 'em shanties Interviewer: Shanties? 030: Uh-huh. Interviewer: Have you ever heard {X} You ever heard anybody talk about row houses or anything like 030: Yeah that's Now I've read about that but I uh that they call 'em row houses but but I thought when they call 'em row houses with the houses that were #1 built all on to one you know # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 030: Took up a whole block, more or less. But Interviewer: #1 {D: I wonder if anybody's ever seen those in Birmingham} # 030: #2 Now # Interviewer: And that some in Birmingham. 030: Well, no I don't think I've ever even seen 'em. Interviewer: Yeah. Let's see. We talked- we talked about condominiums and apartments a while ago. Uh any name- any other name for those kind of apartments? Say if for example you had to go inside to all of the apartments you had to go inside though you didn't have an outside entrance it was just all in one building. 030: That's um more or less boarding houses more or less. Like but that's just about the only kind I know. Interviewer: Did people around here ever use the term flat? Like a a flat? Talking about a place you lived. 030: No. Interviewer: Mostly- 030: I mean they could. N- I don't know anything about 'em. Interviewer: I suppose I've only heard it from a boy I know from New York who 030: Lived in a flat. Mm-hmm. Interviewer: I g- I think that what it is is an apartment, and it #1 that takes up a whole level # 030: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: of an apartment building, but I'm not really sure. 030: No, I don't know anything about that. Interviewer: What about the man who maybe is in charge of the apartment building who looks after the uh 030: The manager. Uh-huh. Who's supposed to look after you? The manager. Interviewer: What about a man who actually does chores around there, who would actually 030: You have a janitor and janitor service. Interviewer: Now some of the things you might use outside to keep up your lawn, what are some of the things you might use to to keep your lawn up? 030: Uh lawnmowers, um riding mowers, {NW} and what's the- weed eaters. {NW} Interviewer: {X} 030: Yeah. Now but that's just about all of it. Interviewer: The lawnmowers, are those usually electric or gas or? 030: Ours is gas. They do have um I guess they have electric lawnmowers. I don't know. I never used one. Never even seen one, really. Interviewer: The um um we talked about 030: Oh we have a push mower. That's the one I use. {NW} Interviewer: That's probably what I would use If you wanted to to get the leaves up you'd just use a 030: A rake. Interviewer: Any- Say a- a rake that you might use out in a garden, any different name for that? 030: Well you had the broom rake and then you had the- the- the one with the prongs in it, but I don't- I mean both of 'em are just rakes I guess. Interviewer: The uh- What about something you might- you had your little garden out #1 behind your house. # 030: #2 Use the hoe? # {NW} And uh let me see. What else do you use when you go out there- the pick? Interviewer: Yeah, and say you'd wanted to maybe had about half an acre and you wanted to turn it over. 030: Spade it. Yeah. Uh, now I know about those things cause I have one. {NW} Interviewer: Did you ever- would you ever use a row tiller or anything like- 030: Yeah We have a row tiller. That's what we use. We don't use a spade. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: And sometimes we have a man come over with his um uh whatcha call that thing? Mm. What- tractor {NW} That's what I'm trying to say. He'd come over with his tractor and turn the- My- my mother had to have a tractor because her garden is much larger, but we just use a little hand row tiller for ours. Interviewer: What about the kind of fork you might dig with? 030: We have a fork here for the garden not- uh that's more or less what- what- we use it for moving things. We have a fork. Interviewer: What about a {D: loop} one might use for plants like that? 030: Yeah well hand tools we have I have some of those. Interviewer: Any names for specific kinds of hand tools? 030: Well, you do have one that you're gonna dig dirt with and uh one that well we have a- pr- I have pruning shears and all those things. Interviewer: Now um what about if you wanted to trim a hedge? 030: Well, um they just have se- shears, hand shears for that. But now mostly everybody's got electric. {NW} {D: But who wants to cut off the hedges with the trimmer} {D: are more- they use 'em uh for some of everything according to how heavy they are} Interviewer: And what about kind of s- s- if you wanted to cut down a tree or cut limbs on trees what might you use? 030: But that- uh those uh I don't know what they call that thing they put up and pull the rope and it would #1 cut # Interviewer: #2 low pruner? # 030: Yeah, low pruner. Now I've seen those used and then they- now most of the time though they use those little saws. Electrical saws. Interviewer: Yeah kinda like {X} 030: Yeah but I- they those pruning things are still very much in demand cause I seen a man cut 'em away from around the wires and Interviewer: The uh uh next question will be about kinds of food. Could you tell me about some of the different cuts of beef that you might use? 030: Well a chuck roast, you mean stuff like that? A chuck roast or buy stew meat uh steaks, ribeye, um T-bone or something like that. Interviewer: But you know, the ribeye steak, how's it different from the T- is it different, how's it different from the T-bone? 030: Uh, let me see. {NW} A T-bone steak really has a more or less like a bone uh T-bone in it but a ribeye steak to me, Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: It's not as goos as a T-bone steak. But it's- it's o- it's nice- it's #1 I don't- it's- it's the way it's cut. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 030: It's kind of a long, yeah, uh-huh. Interviewer: What about the cut- different cuts of pork- what kind of different cuts of pork might you use? 030: Um {X} Well, just about everything on the hog. Um, you have the ham, the ham hocks, the shoulder, pig feet, pig tails, chitterlings, #1 all of that. You use it all. Pig ears, everything. # Interviewer: #2 Are there # different kinds of ham that you might use? 030: Um, you mean like Interviewer: Different varieties of ham? 030: Um, you know it's kind of hard for me to think about that because you know I go in the store and buy mine in the can, a rolled ham, one that's already no-bone, boneless. {NW} Uh I don't know. Interviewer: Good for you. I guess you get the like smoked ham or 030: Yeah, you get smoked ham, smoked bacon, country bacon, or {NW} country ham. Uh. {NW} Uh then you have some hams that aren't even cured that you could buy and pick up, but- but more or less they call those the fresh- uh pork shoulder I think what they did. Interviewer: What about- do you ever have any lamb? Ever eaten lamb? 030: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: What different cuts of lamb might you use? 030: Um, uh, let me see. I've had lamb chops, I've had leg of lamb, uh but that's just about all. Interviewer: I don't think I've ever had any lamb at all. 030: Oh. {NW} Interviewer: But what about poultry? Do you have any different cuts or different 030: #1 Do you mean # Interviewer: #2 varieties of chickens like # {D: fryer or broiler?} 030: Yeah. Hens, fryers or broilers. parts of chicken, chicken, chicken. Interviewer: What's the difference between a fryer and a broiler? Is it 030: Well, one is supposed to be a- a little bit larger. A broiler is supposed to be a little bit larger than a fryer. Interviewer: And what about for roasting what might you use? 030: A hen. Interviewer: Hen? 030: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: And uh what about sausages? Any different kind- what different kind of sausages or different varieties? 030: Let me see. Smoked sausage, pork sausage, beef sausage, {D: all hot and mild, but} and homemade sausage. But I don't- I don't know any other name for 'em. Interviewer: What about those- those things that you wanted to- {NS} {C: Phone ringing} you might've you know At Smoky Mountain market the thing they have every time that they're famous for 030: Their hot dogs? Yeah. Interviewer: And the- the thing in the middle, the meat, what would you call that? The kind- the meat that you have in the hot dog or in the bun? 030: You- you mean chili? Interviewer: Or in yours or in the bun you put what, what could you call the meat? You'd call that a hot dog? 030: Yeah. I mean that's what we call a hot dog. Interviewer: And uh well you've seen the kind of sandwich where you get several different kinds of meats and cheeses 030: A club sandwich? Yeah. Interviewer: And uh what about the thing you might you might drink with a sandwich? You might go to the machine and get a 030: Coke. Or soft drink or pop or a- a cold drink or whatever. Interviewer: That- that Coke. Would you use that to mean any type of cola or just Coca-Cola? 030: Coca-Cola more than li0 more than likely if you ask for a Coke. Most of the times uh what do you what you're gonna drink. Tab, Pepsi, whatever. Interviewer: And um, um anything else you might drink with a say if you didn't want a soft drink, you might have with a sandwich 030: A beer. Yeah. Interviewer: And uh um Are there any- any different things or any different kinds of beer, are there any that you might 030: Yeah, light beer. Um, everybody around here drinks Schlitz or uh- or Schlitz Light. Interviewer: What about the kind that you'd get on tap? 030: Craft beer, uh-huh. Interviewer: And uh what about some of the kinds of sweet cakes and rolls and things that you might have sometimes for breakfast? 030: Well you have sweet rolls, you have cinnamon rolls, you have oh donuts, um you could have coffee cake, you know. Interviewer: What- can you kind of describe a coffee cake to me and tell me? 030: It's um a little round cake with lots of cinnamon. Sometime it has raisins with uh uh powdered sugar icing, you know Interviewer: Is the icing just a white color? 030: Just a kind of a white. Interviewer: What about any different names if you had a donut that had icing on it any different names for that? 030: Well you have cake donuts, you have glazed donuts, you have coconut donuts with- well this is toppings now chocolate, some of everything, cinnamon, apple, lemon filled, cherry filled. {NW} Interviewer: {D: Do you still} the donuts that are jelly filled, any special name for the kind 030: #1 No, they call them j- jelly- # Interviewer: #2 that are jelly filled? # 030: uh jelly donuts. Uh-huh. Interviewer: And what about maybe a rectangular instead of. What 030: They call 'em turnovers? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Or donuts kind of rectangular and frosted like that? 030: No. Interviewer: Instead of being round, ever seen one like that? 030: No. Interviewer: The turnovers, what are they? 030: Well they're kind of like an apple turnover or cherry turnover. Interviewer: Ever seen a donut that's kind of like a twisted donut? 030: Yeah and that's what the- what we call, well it's like give me one of those t- twisted donuts {C: laughing} {NW} Interviewer: And when a woman washes the dishes she might remove her 030: Ring. Interviewer: Now do you have any special names if someone had a ring that was very large and pretentious you thought maybe? 030: Well, usually those are cocktail rings or something like that when you see somebody with a big ring on but then th- uh they wear everything. {NW} You have turquoise rings, silver rings, uh spoon rings, uh all kinds of rings now and they wear 'em every day. Interviewer: Now I've seen those spoon rings, does that match your china and your um silver- 030: I don't know. Don't you ask me. People- I just whenever I go somewhere and see people with rings on all of their fingers, I wonder. {NW} Interviewer: I can't really wear this one a whole lot. I can't wear jewelry, for some reason it makes me 030: Break out. Interviewer: N- never can wear watches, anything 030: Uh-huh. Interviewer: What- now the short- can you tell me different kinds of shorts that men and women might wear you know like an outfit outside, working the yard or 030: Uh just regular Bermuda shorts, or short shorts, and Interviewer: Bermuda shorts. Are they ones that are kind of long? 030: Mm-hmm worn just above the knee. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: And then there are the shorts shorts- short shorts. {NW} Interviewer: And they're the real short ones? 030: Yeah. And, but that's Interviewer: Have you ever seen any that come down about half- below the knees? 030: Um. Yeah, but they're kind of some kind of pants. Interviewer: Yeah those are- Did you ever hear them called calypso pants? 030: Yeah I- I've heard about the calypso pants and I've heard let me see, something else kind of pants they used to call 'em. Interviewer: Oh pedal pushers? 030: Yeah, pedal pushers, that's what they were. And they would come halfway on your legs so that when you were riding bicycles your pants leg didn't get- Interviewer: I've hadn't thought about pedal pushers 030: #1 in a long time # Interviewer: #2 in a long time # 030: {NW} Interviewer: What would you call clothes that were owned previously by somebody else? 030: Like if you're going to a used clothing store? Interviewer: No, no, yeah, or just 030: Hand-me-downs, yeah. Interviewer: And uh, um what about very fashionable or good looking, you know clothes what would you have any name for those? Somebody that's very- what would you say? 030: Uh you mean like uh name brand? Or she wears doors or something like that Very expensive clothes. {NW} Interviewer: Any other name you would just describe what Auxilary: Do you want me to bring something back? 030: Yeah uh {NW} Interviewer: Um, now what about the thing you would store your clothes in in the winter you might put them in a kind of bag to keep out the moths 030: Yeah um you mean like your summer clothes when you store them in the winter? Yeah. Well, let me see what kind of bags are they called, those green plastic bags? Um A clothes- it's something else. They have another name for it. Interviewer: Ever hear 'em call it garment bag? 030: Yeah, garment bags when you go in the store. They um They sell a lot, I've seen a lot uh but they sell those in the spring for you to store your winter clothes in. For um your coats and things like that. Interviewer: Are they- is that different from the kind you'd say you were going on a trip, traveling, the kind you might carry your clothes in? 030: #1 Yeah, they're very different. # Interviewer: #2 What would you call those? # 030: Um. Overnight bags, and uh suit bags, and uh there's one just like that you know a garment bag which you just carry one thing in. Interviewer: What about the bag you might get 'em in at the cleaners, what would you call that when you pick 'em up? 030: Plastic bag Interviewer: #1 Just plastic bag? And uh # 030: #2 Uh-huh. # Interviewer: What about different styles of shoes out there. Not for brand names but you know different styles of shoes that men and women wear? 030: #1 You mean like loafers and hush puppies and T-straps? # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # What- what's a T-strap now? 030: Uh, that's a sandal #1 {D: with the uh-huh with the uh the T- come str- with the strap coming straight up you know fasten around ankle} # Interviewer: #2 All kinds. # 030: But um Interviewer: What about the ones that would come up on the uh calf? 030: A mini boot? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 030: But that's a hush puppy more or less {NW} Well, uh let me see. Well, then they have tennis shoes and sandals, everything. Interviewer: What about different names for different kinds of hairstyles, you know like The- the what women used to wear when they {D: cut- cut layered like that} 030: Yeah, well they have um I don't know what hairstyles I know names for. There used to be pageboys and all these things but now they have the feather cut, um the dutch boy cut, like the short and sassy #1 you- just any. {NW} You just # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Oh I don't have anything for that myself. I just go in and tell her nothing. Leave it down. 030: #1 Yeah. And what, you know, usually when I go get my hair washed, it's just rolled in a basic roll # Interviewer: #2 Just- just above # 030: and she's how you want it combed and I say well, I'll just comb it you know and you just- I don't have any particular names for Interviewer: That uh did you- any name that you'd have for say uh a boy or a man with womanish ways? What would- what kind of name would- 030: Well, sometimes he would be called a homo, sometimes he could be called gay, a sissy, and well {D: a kooks} {D: you name it, they'll call him anything} Interviewer: This would be- you- you might even call him gay or homo even if he were not? 030: Uh-huh. Interviewer: And what about if he in fact were homosexual? What would you call him? Gay or? 030: Uh-huh. Or si- you know those sissies that live over there or those gay people. Interviewer: What about a woman who has mannish ways? Maybe she you know she's straight but she still kind of acting mannish? 030: Uh-huh, well they sometimes they call her to say she's a lesbian and sometimes they call her a dyke or you- you know just {NW} Yeah, any of those terms. Interviewer: And um now say um a male or a man who is indiscreet about his sex life or something like that, kind of in- just indiscreet, any name for him? Do you know what I'm trying to- 030: Yeah, one that just goes around and- call him a whore {NW} Uh just um I don't know {D: cause it's so many people} Mm. {NW} Interviewer: A woman who is the same way, she's just indiscreet kind of any special name for her? 030: No, just same old thing, you'd call her a whore too, you know she'll do anything. Interviewer: And um let's see What about um an unattractive boy or man, just really very unattractive #1 {D: any name you might use for him?} # 030: #2 {X} # No, if he was ugly, you'd just say he's ugly. You're just an ugly dude sitting over there, you know. Interviewer: What about a woman who is just unattractive like that? Any name for her? 030: No you'd just call 'em ugly. Interviewer: Now what about a man who's very attractive, very handsome than any old fellow. What would you- any name for him? You'd say he's a 030: Good looking dude, more than likely. Interviewer: What about for a woman who's- 030: Um let me see what would they call a good looking woman? {D: that's some of anything} Nice, just a fine chick, fine babe, you know. Interviewer: You ever something like foxy or? 030: Yeah, did you see the fox that went by you know all that stuff yeah Interviewer: What about a person who all the time reading, just can't, you know that's all that they do 030: {NW} Yeah. Oh yeah um I don't know what they call me cause I read a lot. And they call- sometimes they call me antisocial uh whole bunch of things but Interviewer: Ever hear 'em call bookworm? 030: Yeah, they call you a bookworm you know don't you ever hear- there's nothing else more exciting to you than a book but {NW} Interviewer: I read a lot, too. 030: Yeah. Interviewer: What- do you ever remember as a child when another child who would all the time trying to get praise and stuff from the teacher the whole time 030: A teacher's pet. Yeah, stayed in this- stayed in her face all the time. Interviewer: You ever hear anyone when he said what he's doing, ever say that he was brown-nosing? Ever hear that term? 030: Uh-uh. I heard Interviewer: Apple-polish? 030: Yeah now I've heard 'em call apple-polisher and uh some of the kids at school would uh let Big Mac do it cause he's gonna do it anyway, you know {NW} Interviewer: What do you- when you were coming up on second grade The first school that you went to you'd call that- 030: First grade, second grade. Interviewer: What would you call all those grades together, you would say what kind of school? 030: Elementary school. Interviewer: Did they have- What grades did that go through? 030: One through six. Interviewer: What did you go to after elementary? 030: Junior high school. Interviewer: That was what? 030: Six through eight. Uh no The ninth grade, you stayed until you get to the ninth grade. Then you went to a high school. Interviewer: Did that- What ten- 030: Ten through twelve, uh-huh. Interviewer: And uh say that in a in a school where you go out and shoot baskets, the building where you play basketball 030: Go in the gym. Yeah. Interviewer: And um let's see. What about the place where you go to wash your hands in school? 030: Uh well They would- you would wash your hands in the restroom, right when you would go, but see n- they had a big fountain- they had one of those big old fountains in the hall and you just stepped on it and washed your hands and then line up went in the cafeteria. {NW} Interviewer: Never heard of that before. 030: Well, we had one in Park City now. Interviewer: Huh. 030: It's a big fountain and it- and you- t- kids just- one person stands on it and everybody washes their hands when water comes out. Everybody washes their hands and then you come around, get your little paper towel. Interviewer: Everybody else just had restrooms. 030: {NW} Yeah. Interviewer: The uh kind of fence that you might have around a playground at school any name for that, you know it's wire kind of 030: Yeah, I know what you're talking about but uh no it was just a fence you know uh-huh. Interviewer: And um next um are a set of questions or slang terms or terms you might hear for different nationalities, ethnic groups um for example, for orientals, you ever heard any slang terms for someone of oriental descent? 030: Um you um let me see. There's japs, and uh I can't remember what they call the Chinese people. Call 'em mm Interviewer: Have you ever heard the term chink? 030: Yeah, chink and, but it was they have a new name now for Koreans but I can't think of that. Interviewer: Hmm, I don't know any- 030: {NW} #1 No # Interviewer: #2 I heard # Gooks for Vietnamese. 030: Yeah. Interviewer: Did you did you ever 030: Um yeah I heard all of that but Interviewer: Well what about for a Roman Catholic, any name? any kind of slang term? 030: No I uh I don't remember any- not for any Catholic Interviewer: Any- what about for a Protestant, especially a um 030: Okay. Interviewer: Uh say um especially fundamentalist Protestant sects, any name for them? 030: No, Methodist, Baptist, and all that mm-hmm. Interviewer: What about for Jewish people any names, kind of slang terms for them? 030: Those dirty Jews. {NW} Interviewer: The next one maybe not quite so familiar, what about Germans? Some people of German descent any slang terms you ever heard? 030: I've heard it, but I really don't know uh. Interviewer: Ever heard krauts or anything? 030: Yeah I've heard of krauts and stuff like that. Well I- #1 I um they- I heard that on TV last week. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # 030: {D: When they was in Skoki} What is it? #1 {D: Skoki} # Interviewer: #2 {D: Skoki} # 030: Yeah. Interviewer: Okay, what about Dutch people, any name for them? 030: Not that I know of. Interviewer: Italians? 030: Um What do they call Italians? Yeah, I've heard names for 'em. Uh that all the Italians supposed to be mafia or related people but they have uh #1 the spics, uh-huh that's what they- # Interviewer: #2 {X} # You ever heard wop or dago? 030: Yeah, yeah I've heard that wops and dagos. Interviewer: What- what about Poles, any name? 030: Yeah um They call Polish people dagos, too, don't they? Interviewer: They may- I don't- 030: {X} all the time #1 Yeah I well I've seen # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 030: In Detroit. That's mostly a Polish section. Interviewer: I've never been there. 030: #1 Uh-huh. # Interviewer: #2 Really never. # As far as I know, know anybody. What about Russians, any name for 'em? 030: No, I don't know any Russian- Interviewer: Czechs? 030: I've heard it, but you know Interviewer: For Czechoslovakian people, any name for them? 030: Uh-uh. I don't know. Interviewer: What about Lithuanians? 030: Whatever. I don't know whatever they are {C: laughing} Interviewer: What about an Englishman so like from Britain, any kind of slang term for him? 030: No, not that I can think of. Interviewer: What about an I- Irishman, any slang term for him? 030: I've heard slang terms for Irish people. Interviewer: Ever heard him called nick or 030: Yeah. But you know when you don't Interviewer: Don't say 'em? 030: Some uh you just don't associate names and things with 'em. Interviewer: And what about for a Scotsman, somebody from Scotland. Any name for a Scottish man? 030: No, not that I know of. Interviewer: And what about a Frenchman? Any name for him? {C: phone ringing in background} 030: Not really. Interviewer: Or uh 030: Let me see, French people. Mm-mm. Interviewer: What about a Cajun, you know somebody in Louisiana, the Cajuns? 030: Yeah, now I've read about the Cajuns, but Interviewer: There were no names? 030: Nuh-uh but they- what'd they call 'em? Um Kay jay? They have a name for 'em in that section of the world but like I said I don't know Interviewer: What about Greeks? Cubans? 030: No. Well, let me see what have I ever heard Cubans called? {NW} All of 'em are called foreigners. {NW} Interviewer: Puerto Ricans? Any name for them? 030: Yeah let me see, Puerto Ricans. I don't remember. Interviewer: What about Mexicans, any name for Mexicans? 030: Nothing but a mex or they oh I don't know Interviewer: Or Scandinavians? 030: Mm-mm. Interviewer: Canadians? 030: {NW} No. Interviewer: Okay, that's that section. 030: {NW} Interviewer: And what about any slang- slang terms for Democrats and Republicans? You know different people in political parties, ever heard any slang terms for um Democrats or Republicans? 030: I'm sure I have, but I just- I don't remember, you know. Uh. No, right off-hand I can't think of any. Interviewer: Now say someone who uh maybe a few years back, the people that had real long hair and beads and out in San Francisco What would you call them? 030: Uh I would say hippies. Flower children and all that stuff. Interviewer: Um. 030: {NW} Interviewer: Was that- that term- would you use that just specifically to the people of that subculture or was that ever used any broader way, hippie? 030: Yeah, well it was used everywhere. You know, um you could find a hippie anywhere where if his hair was long and he was kind of shaggy with uh oh don't let him tie something around his head. Then he was definitely a hippie. Interviewer: So really just appearance? 030: Uh-huh. Mm-hmm. Interviewer: And uh what about the name when you have say someone {C: coughing} and he was in a non-romantic relationship with a member of the same sex you know just real close to someone say another woman but you know it's definitely just 030: Just a friendship? Um. N- is there another name for that? Interviewer: I- just best friends all I'd ever 030: Yeah that's all we've ever said, my best friend. Interviewer: And uh what about say somebody who's kind of a surrogate parent you know who was like a mother or father to you, you ever 030: {NW} Like my foster mother or I love- yeah foster mother. Well, I have two mothers, Ms. so-and-so and my mother. Interviewer: Now um When you were in elementary school, was there ever, you know, a group of kids you hung around with? 030: Uh-uh. I never could make it in with the in-group {NW} No, there were- there were always uh little cliques {X} but I never had- was one of the- I read too much. I didn't ever- I didn't have a best friend when we were going to school because I was just fascinated with books and I read a lot and unless we were skating or riding bicycles or something like that, I was reading and I just never did get a best friend. #1 Uh-huh. # Auxilary: #2 {X} # Interviewer: Were there ever any kind of word games or rough kind of word games that people would play? Like uh maybe a contest where people would- each speaker would insult each other or that kind of- 030: No, like a debate, no. We had- we- now we had oh um Bible drills. That you know, th- that you had to know that when somebody would give you the verse you had to find it in the Bible, where it was, yeah. Now we had Bible drills and things like that but I don't know anything about any Interviewer: When you uh- did they ever maybe the boys get out and they have a game where one of 'em would insult the other's family and back and forth like that out? 030: #1 {D: When they called playing the dozens and stuff like} # Interviewer: #2 Did they ever- did you # You ever see that? Have they ever 030: {NW} No, I've heard somebody say he was playing the dozens with him or her or something, but not really actually sit in on any of this. Interviewer: Would any- when new kids moved into the neighborhood did they ever have any kind of initiation rites or anything like that? Was there anything you'd ever do to new kids when they moved in? 030: Mm. Interviewer: Or pretty much accepted them right off? 030: Um they never did have any kind of they- they were just, you know, you would have- that's- people get- you'd get to see 'em in a day or two then Interviewer: #1 Just kind of fit right in? # 030: #2 Uh-huh. # Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Okay. What's some of the kind of games that you would play as a kid? 030: {NW} Well, we played jack rocks, we played house. {NW} We played uh, let me see, ball, basketball, softball. {NW} Let me see. Interviewer: Any kind of hiding games? 030: Yeah, we played hide- and-go-seek. We did j- we jumped rope. Um I'm trying to think of the name of this game where you would be in the middle of the the street and they would throw the ball at you. Interviewer: #1 Oh we played that. # 030: #2 Yeah. # And- and uh you'd be- you know you had to keep moving all the times. #1 And then # Interviewer: #2 Dodgeball. # 030: Dodgeball, yeah. Interviewer: Yeah, we played that. 030: Played that a lot. And uh that's about the size of it, just all neighborhood games. Interviewer: Did you ever play any games where you had two lines and people had to run over, you know? Where uh you'd maybe form two lines or did you ever play what we call red rover? 030: No, I don't remember that. Interviewer: Or did- any kind of a rain game? 030: Yeah, no we used to play little Sally Walker and games like that. Interviewer: How would you play that? 030: Everybody'd put, they uh make a circle and little Sally Walker sitting in the saucer, and rise Sally rise, wipe your weeping eyes and fly to the east and fly to the west and fly to the one you love the best and course this was the one you were supposed to go get and kiss him and this is a small kids' game where all the boys are hollering don't get me. Don't be kissing me, you know. {NW} Interviewer: Ever play any any rough games in the neighborhood that were I guess maybe boys might. 030: Yeah um we used to have tug of war in our neighborhood. It was pretty rough but it wasn't dangerous. But, you know, just- cause um I- the kids can't play like we did. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: {NW} They just- they don't have uh- they can't because it's um Interviewer: Guess they have too many toys. 030: {NW} Yeah and um {X} You know like the section of town I was raised in there was not very many cars. And we skate we would skate off of this hill and ride bicycles and play dodgeball and everything was did uh right in front of the house, in the street. Interviewer: You ever play any marble- any games with marbles? 030: Oh yeah, we had to play marbles. I used to be the champion in my neighborhood. Interviewer: Oh really? 030: Yeah. Interviewer: I was never very good at it. 030: {NW} {X} I used to play football. You know, what we would call touch ball. And if my mother wasn't at home. Interviewer: Yeah. 030: But if she was home, I couldn't play. Interviewer: Did they ever seem to play knife games? 030: #1 Uh with the- let me see. What'd they call it, Winnipeg? # Interviewer: #2 {D: Where you- when you throw} # Yeah. 030: Mm-hmm. Mumblepeg. Interviewer: Yeah yeah mumble- uh-huh. 030: Uh-huh. Interviewer: Yeah, what about when you were in high school and so forth did you have different kinds of parties? What kinds of parties? Like would you have a party where all the girls would go and spend the night or- 030: Yeah we had slumber parties. We used to have what would call trip around the world parties. Interviewer: What were those? 030: Well like uh you would pick out three houses in three different places. You would meet at this house and you and stay so long then you'd go to the next house maybe on two streets over but you had to walk. You know, and then you would go to another house about three or four blocks away but each one of these houses would serve you and have music and dance, but you never stayed long. And then come back to the one {NW} what they would call trip around the world parties. Interviewer: What kind of music did you listen to mostly? When you were coming up? 030: Well, most of it was Christian music, I can tell you that. But- Interviewer: Gospel? 030: Yeah, gospel music but oh there was time for the Glemn Miller records and {NW} Camp Bassey and all those kind of things {C: spelling?} Interviewer: You still listen to the same things or? 030: Yeah, if I can find it. And sometimes I um I don't like rock music. It's just too much for me. It's too loud. {NW} Interviewer: Um well that's all the specific questions I had, is there anything was there anything about local culture of the area that I didn't ask that you would've expected me to ask? 030: Uh-uh. {C: phone ringing} Let me get my phone real fast. I don't know whether there was anything else about we could have talked about. Interviewer: Me either. I appreciate-