interviewer: alright the first thing that we'd like to talk about is the days of the week and terms that you may have heard of or know #1 for the days of the week # 079: #2 mm-hmm # interviewer: Um first would you say would you give me all seven of the days of the week? #1 just say 'em right # 079: #2 yes just me say 'em the way I say # monday tuesday wednesday thursday friday saturday and sunday interviewer: Alright uh do you remember any special names for any of the days of the days of the week that uh you might have heard in the past? 079: when I was a little girl some of the people who lived near us called monday wash day cause they did the washing every monday interviewer: #1 {NW: laughing} # 079: #2 we never did but they did so that might be one thing you can think of # I don't think anything else interviewer: uh did you have any special names maybe for sunday or for saturday? 079: Mm no I don't think so I don't think of any interviewer: Uh were there any kind of rhymes that they used when maybe when you were a child 079: #1 {X}of the month but can't think quite what # interviewer: #2 to remember the days the names of the days of the week? # 079: Something bout tuesday's child is fair faced monday's child is full of grace tuesday's child is fair faced that's all I remember interviewer: #1 {NW: laughing} # 079: #2 {NW: laughing} # {NW: cough} interviewer: alright can you tell me how you would greet a person if you saw them early in the day? 079: good morning interviewer: and suppose it was to say after twelve o'clock in the day? 079: how are you? interviewer: #1 {NW: laughing} # 079: #2 {NW: laughing} # interviewer: how late in the day would you use good morning? 079: {NW: cough} until noon interviewer: and then what would you say after that? 079: if I wanted to be formal I might say good afternoon but I'd never say that interviewer: #1 {NW: laughing} # 079: #2 I'd just say hello {NW: laughing} # interviewer: #1 {NW: sigh} # 079: #2 {NW: sigh} # interviewer: what do you call the time say between three in the afternoon and five? 079: I call it afternoon but years ago in this area they called it evening interviewer: oh they did 079: they'd say they were going somewhere this evening and the reason I know that is because my mother was from Ohio and she noticed things like that you know and when she first came down here and people would say they were going somewhere this evening she thought they meant evening after supper you know and then they'd come right along in the afternoon and then she didn't know what to make of it interviewer: {NW:laughing} 079: so I know that's authentic interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} # interviewer: what do you call um evening then now? 079: I would call it night I'd I'd say Uh I had to go to the bridge club thursday night I wouldn't say thursday evening interviewer: #1 {X} # 079: #2 I might if I was # writing something or uh but not in informal speech interviewer: #1 Evening is just more of a formal message right # 079: #2 {NW:cough} yeah mm-hmm # interviewer: so anything after five o'clock say would be? #1 {X} probably not # 079: #2 ah well uh yes I would think I'd say so mm-hmm # and that uh uh calling the afternoon evening is not common now but it evidently was and my my my mother came south she married in nineteen hundred married here in {X} nineteen hundred and in those early days of the of the century I they said evening back then but I don't think they do it now interviewer: Um what do you call the last regular meal that you eat during the day? 079: {NW:sigh} when we were growing up we never called it anything but supper but now if I'm asking anybody to go out with me for dinner I'd say dinner most likely but we still say supper informally at home I would come in and say what do you want me to fix for supper so uh though it's changed considerably people call it dinner who didn't do so when i was a child but still it's a little bit formal mostly just uh asking people to have dinner with you interviewer: mm-hmm 079: the hotel or something interviewer: does it have anything to do with how heavy the meal is? 079: might have now we never use the term lunch when um I was growing up we had breakfast dinner and supper but today if I said dinner it wouldn't mean the middle of the day it would mean the night meal and of course ordinarily sometimes you call people in just come by for supper while you might mean you weren't gonna have any elaborate meal. interviewer: #1 I see # 079: #2 I think you might get that distinction # interviewer: uh what do you call the first meal that you have in the day? 079: It's called breakfast interviewer: and what do you call the second one {NW:laugh} the middle one? 079: um lunch I believe is the common thing I'd call it today I'd take somebody to lunch I'd ask what do you want me to fix for lunch so I'd say that we have changed completely there since I can remember you see from breakfast but breakfast is the same but dinner and supper have taken uh have been replaced by lunch and dinner for the most part interviewer: um when does when does night end? when you use the term night is there a point um during the darkness at which you start stop saying night and start saying morning? 079: I would not really thinking on terms of the morning 'til I woke up interviewer: #1 {NW: laughing} # 079: #2 round six six thirty in the morning # of course if I were saying somebody called me at two o'clock this morning I'd say it you see but you don't have too much occasion to say that interviewer: Um what do you call the point at which uh this big yellow orange ball that we see overhead ascends? 079: uh I guess I'd say that I was up before sunrise before the sun rose if I were {NW: laughing} interviewer: and what about when it 079: #1 we say sunset that's a beautiful sunset # interviewer: #2 disappears? # 079: we use that term interviewer: uh let's talk just a minute about the word rise 079: right? interviewer: rise #1 oh rise uh-huh # 079: #2 uh-huh # interviewer: um what time did the sun? 079: rise and interviewer: yesterday morning the sun? 079: rose interviewer: and when we went out to start the truck the sun had already? 079: risen interviewer: okay um wednesday is? 079: what do you want me to say interviewer: {NW:laughing} we're talking about now um ti- days of the week 079: yeah interviewer: and how they uh are in relation to each other um 079: yeah interviewer: #1 if if if I was to say if I was? # 079: #2 the middle of the week the middle of the week # interviewer: well that that's yes um let me go a little bit farther let me rephrase that question #1 mm-hmm # 079: #2 it wasn't very good # interviewer: um If someone had asked you 079: mm-hmm interviewer: uh the date 079: {NW:cough} interviewer: october twenty-eighth 079: mm-hmm interviewer: you would say looking at your calendar and realizing october twenty-eight you would say? 079: #1 that this # interviewer: #2 oh that's # 079: it was wednesday you mean interviewer: #1 uh-huh and? # 079: #2 is that # interviewer: #1 # 079: #2 # interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} # interviewer: #1 well let's let's try again then # 079: #2 that's the middle of the week yep uh-huh # interviewer: if it this is wednesday 079: mm-hmm interviewer: then uh thursday is? 079: tomorrow is that what you're trying to make me say interviewer: {NW:laughing} that's right and if this is wednesday um tuesday was? 079: yesterday interviewer: so wednesday is? 079: today interviewer: {NW:laughing} that wasn't a very good 079: #1 that was a little bit hard to {X} # interviewer: #2 question {NW:laughing} # 079: #1 hmm # interviewer: #2 it does it's a little difficult to get # 079: #1 yup # interviewer: #2 what exactly what you're looking for # uh if uh something happened on sunday but it was not necessarily the sunday that was just passed uh and you wanted to tell them that it had occurred seven days earlier on a sunday how would you tell 'em that? 079: last sunday interviewer: would would that be 079: now it'd depend on how late in the week it was if I said right now something happened last sunday I'd mean three days ago interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 079: #2 from sunday # I'd say a week ago sunday interviewer: mm-hmm okay um if you wanted to know what time it is it uh of the day it was at the present how would you ask me? 079: what time is it? interviewer: okay um on my wrist I'm wearing a? 079: watch interviewer: okay uh can you see my watch from where you are sitting? let me bring it over to you {NW:thump} this is not the world's easiest watch 079: #1 {NW: laughing} # interviewer: #2 to read I'm afraid # now can you tell me uh do you see now that it's? 079: quarter to twenty to four interviewer: good all I have are little dots 079: #1 mm-hmm mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 so it's pretty hard to tell # okay when I spin this around would you tell me how you would tell the time then? 079: I'd just say it's four o'clock interviewer: okay and 079: four fifteen and four twenty four {X} I can't tell with that {X} four thirty interviewer: mm-kay 079: and I'd I'd say a quarter 'til five interviewer: okay 079: #1 um how bout that # 079: #2 four # ten interviewer: okay and how about that 079: I'd say ten minutes 'til five I wouldn't say four fifty interviewer: okay 079: that wouldn't be natural interviewer: #1 and one more # 079: #2 to me # {NW:cough} I'd say twenty 'til {D: twelve, five} or what it was #1 {NW:sigh} # interviewer: #2 no no yep # AUX: #1 {X} # 079: #2 um # well being very formal I might say four forty-five but automatically if somebody said what time is it I'd say a quarter 'til five interviewer: see 079: fifteen 'til {NW:laughing} interviewer: #1 the number I wanted you to say right? # 079: #2 yes # interviewer: um alright nineteen sixty-nine was last year nineteen seventy is? 079: this year interviewer: and nineteen seventy-one will be? 079: next year interviewer: uh when a baby has his first birthday you say he is? 079: one year old interviewer: when he has his second birthday you say? 079: #1 two years old # interviewer: #2 he is # and when he has his third birthday? 079: three years old interviewer: uh today is october the twenty-eighth nineteen seventy I hope 079: #1 {NW:laughing} # interviewer: #2 {NW:laughing} # uh if something happened on october twenty-eighth nineteen sixty-nine you would say this happened just? 079: a year ago interviewer: okay um if you looked outside and the sun was shining and the weather was just very very pleasant uh how would you go about describing it? 079: I'd say isn't this a beautiful day interviewer: uh and suppose it was raining and um it had been raining and the clouds were starting to disappear and the sun was just beginning to peak out how would you describe that? 079: I believe it's clearing up interviewer: okay uh is there any other way that that this is said 079: #1 {X} # interviewer: #2 in this area? # 079: uh uh kinda colloquialism I think that I wouldn't say but I've heard older people say it it's beginning to fair off interviewer: uh if you look outside and it just seems that it's going to storm any minute how would you describe that? 079: {NS} #1 {X} # interviewer: #2 you might could say the weather is? # 079: uh the weather's {X} it looks as if we're going to have a storm um it's cloudy it's gotten- clouds are dark or something like that interviewer: okay uh and in in the other way if the weather had been very pleasant and suddenly it it changed and looked very bad how would you describe it? 079: it looks as if it's going to storm or I don't know what to do might say it certainly has changed interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 quickly or something like that # interviewer: would there be a difference in what you might say if it had been sunshiny and suddenly turned stormy and what you might say if it had been stormy and then suddenly turned sunshiny? 079: let me see I can't think of any particular expression If it had been um pretty and turned stormy interviewer: mm-hmm 079: we'd just remark on the fact well this started out to be such a beautiful day but look at how it's raining or how it's going to storm or something like that interviewer: I see um how would you describe or is there a word that's used to describe a very heavy rain that doesn't last very long? 079: uh {NW: throat clear} downpour or uh sudden shower hard shower let's see wouldn't use the word deluge cause that's not a natural normal thing you use so what do we say sometimes when it's such a hard quick rain flash flood might might be that can't think of anything else interviewer: alright uh is there a word for a thunderstorm? do you have a 079: hmm not particularly that I can think of just say a bad thunderstorm I think's all I'd know to say mm-hmm interviewer: okay uh let's talk for a minute about the word blow 079: mm-hmm interviewer: B-L-O-W 079: mm-hmm interviewer: uh did the wind 079: blow interviewer: yes it really 079: blew interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} # interviewer: and it has 079: blown interviewer: right 079: {NW:laughing} interviewer: uh I think maybe um it might be interesting to explore the distinctions that are used or that you recall having been made 079: mm-hmm interviewer: between different types of rain um very light rain to the harder and into just as we were talking about the 079: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 the # the sudden shower or the thunderstorm how i-is 079: well I might come in somebody say is it raining out and I say just barely sprinkling just misty interviewer: #1 would there be a difference in sprinkling and misty # 079: #2 then uh # yes there's more than going to school it's just a haze kinda misty it wasn't actually sprinkling but it's so damp interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} # Then if uh we'd say oh we'd say it's pouring down if it was just raining very hard we'd say it's just pouring we'd use that expression um {NW:chuckle} slang some slang expressions like you'd say it's just raining cats and dogs that's a common slang expression for us {C: laughing} {NW: breathy laughter} interviewer: um what would you call you were talking about going to school 079: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 in the morning # um what would you call it when there you can't say there's really a rain in the air there's a lot of dampness but you will find in particularly in pockets a grey 079: #1 very foggy mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 cloudy # okay um if you wanted to say that yesterday it was more so you would say yesterday it was? 079: foggier than it is today interviewer: and if you wanted to say that it was absolutely the worst 079: #1 the foggiest morning I ever seen # interviewer: #2 you've ever # um what do you call it when you have gone for a long period of time without rain that it begins to almost be a problem? 079: {NW: throat clear} we'd use the word drought but that is a little bit formal sounding we'd say we'd had a long dry spell interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} # that would be more normal than to use the word drought interviewer: is there a difference when you're talking about dry spells and what you call 'em by how long they've lasted 079: I don't believe so I don't think of any term I would use I don't know how long you'd have to go without rain for it to actually be a drought um So I don't {X} any word that I'd particularly use there interviewer: um if there hasn't been any wind that you could feel all day long and suddenly it you begin to really feel it on your face you might say the wind is 079: has risen or um {NW: children playing} just the wind is certainly blowing {NW:laughing} interviewer: um when then when the wind begins to subside or go away you might say oh now the wind 079: has died down interviewer: um if it didn't snow but it is cold and you get up in the morning there's this white 079: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 stuff # om the grass uh you might say we had a? 079: had a frost last night interviewer: and if it gets very cold below freezing below thirty-two degrees uh and the ground becomes very stiff and hard how would you describe that 079: it's so cold the ground is frozen interviewer: okay is there a uh degree are are there degrees of freezing? 079: well of course I don't know just exactly what you mean but interviewer: #1 well if # 079: #2 we think of it as being # uh very cold if it gets down to fifteen eighteen or something like that we'd say this is extreme weather interviewer: well I think maybe what I'm thinking 079: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 of more is # when you're thinking of have of of freezing 079: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 the actual # 079: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 a freeze # i-is there a degree are some freezes worse than others and would you would you 079: #1 yes # interviewer: #2 call them something # 079: #1 and how would you speak of it? # interviewer: #2 different # 079: um I guess you'd use the word severe if it was a severe freeze killed all the peaches or something like that yeah maybe would mm-hmm hard freeze sometimes use that expression interviewer: alright um let's talk for a minute about the word freeze 079: mm-hmm interviewer: uh when the temperature drops below thirty-two degrees the water 079: will freeze interviewer: uh or or 079: #1 {NW:cough} oh freezes # interviewer: #2 present # 079: #1 what what you're thinking of {NW:laughing} # interviewer: #2 {NW:laughing} # last night the water in the pond 079: froze interviewer: the water hasn't 079: frozen this year interviewer: okay uh what would you call a very thin layer of ice uh you might find on top of 079: #1 um # interviewer: #2 a bucket? # 079: trying to think of wouldn't say film you'd say there's one word to help describe it but I can't think of what it would be a very thin layer of ice I might say interviewer: #1 okay # 079: #2 a coating of ice # interviewer: uh do you remember the house that you were born in? were you born in this area? 079: uh-huh go by it everyday going to school interviewer: oh do you really 079: a little house over on fifth avenue interviewer: #1 is that right # 079: #2 uh-huh # interviewer: uh let's see fifth avenue 079: #1 {X} be the fifth avenue there # interviewer: #2 {X} # 079: #1 cross the bridge uh huh this way # interviewer: #2 it it's this way # 079: #1 going across the bridge # interviewer: #2 I'm beginning to get # 079: #1 yes uh-huh # interviewer: #2 it's very logically laid out # 079: it's made out fairly well interviewer: I didn't have any trouble finding my way around 079: oh yeah interviewer: uh can you tell me something about this house? 079: #1 this house or the one where we are going # interviewer: #2 that you were born in the house that you were born in # 079: the house were I was born is a small frame house still standing just as it was in nineteen two {NW:laughing} I was born and {NW:throat clear} it has stayed in good repair although I've not been in it in years but it looks nice from the outside it's been kept up it has not run down like some places you know do areas change I would say that that neighborhood right there changed probably as little in uh forty years or fifty years as anyone I know of the church right across the side street has been improved and added to some uh but in that particular block very few houses have been torn down with the exception of one house on the left across the street and one or two clear at the end of the block uh let's see one two three about five six houses in that block are just as they were since I remember interviewer: #1 is that right # 079: #2 mm-hmm # now lo-lot of places now this in this area here we've lived here forty-eight years and it has changed very decidedly it was houses all the way to fourth avenue and more houses across the street but that particular area over there hasn't changed very much interviewer: hmm has Rome itself changed 079: #1 very much # interviewer: #2 very much? # 079: it has uh never had a rapid growth like a boom like some places did during the war but they had uh power plant ammunition plants out there but it's had steady growth and a lot of industry has come in in the well in the last twenty to twenty-five years the G-E plant and the craft and the paper mill and all those big things there's always been a lot a good bit industry in Rome it was the {D: stove set} of the south some interviewer: #1 I didn't know that # 079: #2 thirty years ago when # everybody used stoves there's been some furniture manufacturing there have been furniture manufacturing plants here for sixty years of more and so it's always had a very good balance uh with agriculture and manufacturing and cultural it's it's been a well balanced town see we have uh three colleges now {D: we have new a junior college we've all but had} interviewer: #1 oh what do you what is the? # 079: #2 it two two years # we have shorter college berry college and the new junior college interviewer: #1 what do they call the junior college # 079: #2 state junior college # well it just opened this fall {NW:cough} buildings aren't finished yet they're having classes in temporary quarters interviewer: #1 oh is that right # 079: #2 in town # and um what would it be called just it'd be called the Rome junior college I guess it will up the one up in Dalton is called Dalton junior interviewer: #1 mm-mm # 079: #2 college # interviewer: #1 and there's one at kennesaw # 079: #2 and kennesaw # so I suppose it'd just be called Rome junior college mm-hmm interviewer: that that's #1 {D:terrific} # 079: #2 and and Rome's had # interviewer: #1 three colleges # 079: #2 good good # cultural background a lot of music and art interests and so on through the years interviewer: what's the population of Rome? 079: it's awful to ask me and me not be too sure forty thousand is what we just say right off interviewer: #1 mm-hmm now is that # 079: #2 now I don't know what the nineteen seventy census will be # and that forty thousand does not include some outlying districts that ought to be included perhaps {NW: throat clear} I mean there's sections closer to town that aren't counted then some that are quite a distance out that are counted interviewer: #1 you notice from the map # 079: #2 I guess it's that way in any city though yeah # interviewer: #1 that it get's um kind of a # 079: #2 uh-huh # interviewer: #1 funny shape # 079: #2 it did section out um # what we call {X} where the big rayon mill is it ought to be inside the city it's no distance at all from town way out in garden lakes interviewer: #1 I saw garden lakes on the map # 079: #2 that's inside the city yeah # So um it depends on the real estate dealer that gets it in you know interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} # interviewer: #1 that's true in all city {X} # 079: #2 {D:alright} # interviewer: #1 um is there um # 079: #2 hmm # interviewer: is there a historical society in Rome? 079: yes there are different groups that are interested in uh history right now the university women A-A-U-W there along too I'm chairman of the committee that's getting up plaques about the history of Rome interviewer: oh really 079: and there are groups of people who are interested in getting placards and markers here and there there's a genealogical society which is right interesting I've been to some of there programs and um I'd say there was a normal interest in history interviewer: it seems that there would be a lot of potential 079: yep there is {X} It's a very interesting area you see yeah It didn't just grow Rome this town was started founded by {X:name} who said let's build a town here interviewer: #1 oh really # 079: #2 it'd be a good place to have a town mm-hmm # interviewer: #1 I didn't know that # 079: #2 yeah yeah # I can tell ya I got a poem lasts a half an hour all about the history interviewer: #1 oh really # 079: #2 of Rome # interviewer: #1 is that right # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} {X} uh-huh # interviewer: #1 oh that's terrific # 079: #2 yeah and um # it really was interesting it was {NW: throat clear} two men were riding from castle to Livingston down near the state line to hold court one day back in eighteen thirty-three about and um they stopped to give their horses a drink and a rest down where now is the corner of broad street and third avenue there was a pretty spring there and while they were sitting there talking they said you know this is a pretty place be a good place to start a town with the rivers they knew that the Oostanaula and Etowah came together to form the Coosa and the mountains around fertile valleys and uh while they were sitting there another man man rolled up on horseback and got up to get a drink and introduced himself to them he was Phillip W. Hemphill and he lived on a big plantation out where Darlington school is now fact some of the the big house {X} part of it is the same hot house that he had interviewer: #1 is that right # 079: #2 and he told {X} # they told him what they'd been talking about and he said no I've got a brother in law down at Cave Springs now Cave Springs is an older town than Rome little town about sixteen miles from here and he said he's in the legislature and maybe he could help us draw up a bill to put through the legislature to get a town incorporated and in eighteen thirty-five it was incorporated and those fine men put names into a hat they dr- wrote a little a name on a piece of paper what they thought would be a good name for the town and fortunately Rome was drawn out interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} # interviewer: #1 what were the other ones {X} # 079: #2 one of 'em was Warsaw # one of them put in Hamburg one of them put in uh Stylesbury within this bag and Hillbury within this bag interviewer: #1 is there there is a Stylesbury # 079: #2 Rome was not # there is a Stylesbury not far from here over towards Conyers interviewer: did he get huffy and move away? 079: #1 No no I think that # interviewer: #2 {X} {NW:laughing} # 079: was called Stylesbury because some prominent families over there named Styles interviewer: oh 079: uh {NW:cough} but Daniel R. Mitchell was the one who put the name of Rome in course I suppose he was thinking of the seven hills of ancient Rome and the Tiber river flowing through it and so this would have interviewer: #1 does does this # 079: #2 rivers flowing through it # interviewer: Rome have seven hills? 079: oh yes people always calling me and ask me which ones are the seven hills interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 are there more # interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 there are more than seven # so there's no way I'm saying which seven they had in mind #1 but I just choose # interviewer: #2 you just choose seven # 079: what I think the most prominent ones {NW:laughing} somebody else might not name all the same ones interviewer: #1 that's fascinating I # 079: #2 but we all we'd all name the one # one up here by the town clock Don't know whether you've noticed the old town clock interviewer: #1 no I must not have seen it # 079: #2 up the hill the hill I'll point it out to you when you leave # that has been there since eighteen seventy-three and was a water tower reservoir when it was first built but now it's just a landmark and um that's tower hill and then there was the hill over here a little further away Shorter used to be before it moved out to where it is now and then the cemetery is on {X} hill, now that's an interesting thing about Rome that hill just just goes up pretty steeply from pretty close to the riverbank and there and you can go all the way around it and um it's a steep hill right there in town it's right in front of broad street interviewer: #1 {X} # 079: #2 and uh so # good thing they made a cemetery out of it cause it wouldn't be good for anything else interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 {NW:laughing}and um # the story goes that during the civil war the uh confederate forces knew that the federals {NW:car horn} were camped up on fort jackson which is a hill over here on this side and uh they didn't the confederates had very few men but they used a strategy they marched around and around and around Myrtle Hill and the federals kept the- {X} soldiers kept coming in they kept coming in they kept coming in they thought {X} they thought they could just tell that troops were moving they couldn't recognize them So they marched around that hill again and again and again and federals thought they had so many they couldn't do anything bout it interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} that's a story # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} # I guess it's true {NW:laugh} but uh different ones would name different hills but that's the way Rome was started and uh interviewer: #1 I noticed that they had # 079: #2 it it it is # interviewer: the statue of the wolf with 079: #1 now that was given {NW:throat clear} to Rome Georgia # interviewer: #2 Romulus and Remus {X} # 079: by Rome Italy interviewer: oh was it? 079: uh huh back in nineteen twenty-eight about when the rayon mill was built here it was built by an Italian corporation and uh so some of the negotiations back and forth between those leading Italian um what I'm trying to say here trying to say industrialists and uh somebody made the suggestion some of them uh that the uh that Rome Italy send that replica of the wolf and Romulus and Remus to Rome Georgia there was an interesting article about that in the paper just a week or so ago telling you how one time somebody stole one of the little figures interviewer: #1 oh really # 079: #2 and they never did know what happened to it # they couldn't ever find it and so the somebody who had been connected with the mill and all had another one sent from Italy so that's the second one of one of the figures said never did know whether it was romulus or remus that was stolen interviewer: #1 oh that's a shame {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} # but that is right that is right interesting history you see how we happen to have that interviewer: #1 oh yes that was # 079: #2 and uh yeah # interviewer: #1 something to be proud of # 079: #2 {X} yes # it is it's an interesting thing interviewer: well you know a lot about the history 079: #1 well I know a good bit # interviewer: #2 you must have you must have # 079: #1 I've studied it, I first # interviewer: #2 looked into it quite a bit # 079: got interested in it when I was a senior in high school uh Mr. Jordan {X:name} Battey who had lived here formerly and came back to Rome wanted to write a history of Rome and Floyd County interviewer: Is that the Battey avenue 079: #1 {X} # interviewer: #2 uh Battey hospital and Battey # 079: {D: I don't think we didn't the straight street name Battey} interviewer: oh I remember seeing the name 079: you saw his his Battey monument up on the interviewer: #1 that # 079: #2 courthouse lawn # interviewer: #1 that's it that's it # 079: #2 which is to a doctor Battey who was a relative # of Mr. Jordan {X} Battey and {NW:throat clear} {X} trying to get up material he got the uh D-A-R I think it was to uh sponsor essay contest like they do you know in all high school children to write uh an essay on the history of Rome I suppose they thought they'd gather a few facts by doing that and I thought it'd be fun to try so I went to see a lot uh older people long since gone now and got information from them and all and I wrote it up I wrote it in chapters and everything and I had a little verse of this {X} I won the prize interviewer: #1 wow # 079: #2 and twenty-five dollars haven't had as much money since # interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 ever and uh # so that got me interested in it and from time to time I'd add to it and somebody'd want to know one thing or another um our church I've written the history of our church I've got it quite in detail uh all about our different pastors and everything {NS: church bell} the different buildings we've had and if I'm uh giving to it um uh Shorter Alumni banquet or something I go in and have it all talk about Shorter and about all it's done during the years` if I'm giving it out of Berry I give more about Berry interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} # interviewer: #1 It's a very flexible {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 I have several versions of it # and several years ago {NW:throat clear} I {NW} give a Christmas program every year to the business women circle of the first presbyterian church I've done it so long I had run out of everything I knew to tell 'em about Christmas that I hadn't already used So I thought now if I took my history and went along and put in different eras two or three verses about Christmas Christmas during the early days how Christmas how the Christmas story first come to Floyd county and Christmas during the fifties Christmas during the Civil War period and uh the nineties and all up ya know um and I did I just dispersed that in So at Christmas I have to kinda go back and review a little Cause I've got to put that Christmas party {NW:laughing} interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} # interviewer: it sounds as if you might have it on cards 079: #1 {NW:laughing} # interviewer: #2 and you just kind of show {X} # 079: #1 now I'm # interviewer: #2 the way you want it to go # 079: gonna give it uh next tuesday interviewer: #1 are you # 079: #2 at the Lion's Club luncheon # interviewer: #1 well this this won't be the Christmas # 079: #2 {NW:mumbling} # interviewer: #1 party will it # 079: #2 no this won't be the Christmas party # interviewer: #1 {NW:cough} # 079: #2 but if # somebody asked me to I have several have already asked me to do it for Christmas uh well I played that part soon as I get through the Lion's Club I start practicing for Christmas {X} {NW: laughing} interviewer: do you have have something special for the Lion's Club then 079: uh do I give them my regular version interviewer: #1 they get the standard # 079: #2 they get the standard version # interviewer: {NW:laughing} 079: that's it interviewer: #1 that is tremendous # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} it is isn't it # interviewer: #1 oh # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} # interviewer: what uh you were talking about the way the economy uh arose 079: mm-hmm interviewer: been balanced 079: uh-huh interviewer: what really is the principle economy is there? 079: well um in this um history I had it about uh our economic history {NS: children outside} uh now- want me to say a little bit of it? our industrial history goes back for many years for an old lone courier eighteen fifty-five appears news of the noble family who had settled here in Rome they had come from Pennsylvania to make this place their home they're iron family made machinery and other gadgets for peace time pursuits then later they made {X} for the war but among the oldest industries still in full swing today is the {D:Fannex} company and we're sure the way they make their trucks and carriers today would surely show very many changes from some ninety years ago and there's another his- industry who's history we should know Rome was stove seller of the south some thirty years ago but many of these families do not exist today for heating stoves and ranges are not the modern way but one article manufactured still in use in every home is furniture for fifty years produced right here in Rome we could go on with the story and show how year by year new types of manufacturing continue to appear until today they number one hundred firms or more with far larger pay rolls than we've ever had before now what about the proxy the founding father's made that Rome would be a center of industry and trade we've mentioned early textile mills and further reading shows that Rome's wealth lay in her cotton until well after the close of the nineteenth century but in the years since then farming is more diversified and you will notice when you ride throughout Floyd county many places where cotton grew before live stock and poultry take its place and bring the farmer more reward for all his labors then knew in former years for agricultural pamphlets this amazing fact appears annual income to Floyd farmers by statistics now has shown to exceed two million dollars just from livestock sales alone so you see that that's the idea that's what I mean you're manufacturing we're agricultural we changed from the cotton area that we were now back in the oh from nineteen well I suppose way back before I don't remember but all up 'til nineteen twenty I'd say the lower block of {X} was the cotton block and every fall when the cotton was in the day it was brought to town that whole block was just filled with cotton wagons piled up with cotton and people would bid on it you know and the highest price got it and the first bale would always bring a high price now that cotton was very that was just the main industry but today there's not nearly as much cotton as there is and I was talking to somebody the other day who is a farmer up in north of Rome here a little way {NW:throat clear} {NS:children playing} lived on a farm all his life his father was a farmer and uh he and his mother were talking to me and they said today you cannot get anybody to pick cotton that's absolutely impossible any cotton you raise you have to plan to have mechanical pickers there's just no such thing anymore as people in the cotton field interviewer: #1 {X} # 079: #2 in this area around here now whether there still are # in some sections of Alabama, Mississippi there may still be enough colored help who will pick cotton but they can do it but you don't round here {X} you can't get anybody to pick cotton and you don't see a great deal of cotton cause there's so much poultry there is and so much live stock interviewer: is this uh uh big chicken 079: #1 yes not as much so as around Gainesville # interviewer: #2 farm? # 079: #1 over around Gainesville is really the # interviewer: #2 {X} # 079: uh center of it but you see a great many of the big chicken farms all out around here mm-hmm interviewer: #1 um # 079: #2 um don't remember what I was saying # interviewer: let's um I'd like to hear your whole 079: #1 {NW:laughing} # interviewer: #2 {X} # 079: #1 well it's right interesting it's {X} # interviewer: #2 {X} # 079: bout the children at school I teach out there at the academy you know and uh they know I've got it and they say say it for us someday I said well I'll say it in installments now we can't pay the whole class period to it interviewer: #1 how long is it how long is it the poem # 079: #2 but I would say up to the Civil War for you today # then I'll say from there on tomorrow and honey they don't forget it course part of it is to get out of class to get out of having algebra but they're really interested they just sit there and listen and when they when we went on with the lesson after that when some of them left they passed me that sure was a good poem interviewer: #1 well I # 079: #2 {NW::laughing} you really like it # interviewer: #1 I know I've become very interested in it # 079: #2 hmm # interviewer: #1 course it is a # 079: #2 it it # interviewer: Rome interests me because there seems to be so much of the past 079: #1 th-there is # interviewer: #2 that's still here # 079: now we do not have a great many old homes or anything that is still standing up Alfred Shorter's home {X} well private school for girls is now is one and of course {X} Miss Berry's home {NW:throat clear} has been there a long time it has not looked always as it does today Henry Ford gave a lot of money to restore and fix it up uh one on beyond it the ol' Freeman place we call it dates back to before the civil war and so on but we don't have a lot of now you go to a little town like Noonan oh they just one after the other townhouses great big pretty houses with columns that you know have been there a long time there's a good many of them in Athens and Milledgeville you don't find that so much in Rome Rome was not a section that had these great big fine town houses like some of them did now there was a very pretty old place it was the Daniel R. Mitchell home the children had been preserved since he named Rome and all but it was torn down and graded down and we now have interviewer: #1 {X} # 079: #2 a garden there # Charburger interviewer: #1 oh no # 079: #2 so we haven't kept our old homes # as mu- as well as we might have interviewer: when was this done? 079: that was done some ten to twelve years ago fifteen maybe interviewer: maybe now there would be people who 079: #1 yes yeah there might be # interviewer: #2 {X} # 079: it uh it's right th- there's not been much success in Rome in preserving old buildings and that is true the oldest building standing I don't I'd have to think a minute for I'd say all around in town Broad street and all some of them are still standing now the fifth avenue drug store right there on the hill here that burned about a year ago there that building had been there a good long time certainly since before nineteen hundred now I don't know just how long but uh a lot of the buildings on broad street have been torn down and rebuilt in the last thirty and forty years some blocks the block the national city bank going north that way everything on that side of the street's new interviewer: #1 mm-mm # 079: #2 within # well since nineteen twenty-five or something which sounds way back to you interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 but is not old # interviewer: #1 not that {X} # 079: #2 so far as buildings go you know # and on this side of the street I don't believe there's an old building standing maybe one and when I say old I mean it's been built within the last thirty or forty years it's not a building that's been there since before the Civil War so we just don't have any buildings downtown that old I don't believe interviewer: hmm 079: but interviewer: well I I deviated a little bit 079: #1 well # interviewer: #2 from the question # but all of this 079: #1 {X} get me started talking aren't ya # interviewer: #2 this all of this all of this is very important # 079: #1 hmm # interviewer: #2 so don't think you you're # that this is is 079: #1 {NW:throat clear} # interviewer: #2 not important # 079: #1 well it gives you a little bit of # interviewer: #2 that we really have a # 079: #1 idea of the feeling about # interviewer: #2 that's right # 079: #1 Rome that you wouldn't get # interviewer: #2 {NW:throat clear} {X} # eventually I'll need to ask you some questions about um your parents 079: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 and when they were born # 079: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 and something about Rome # 079: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 because we need to know about # in order to understand the people and their speech in the community 079: #1 yes # interviewer: #2 we need to know something of the history # 079: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 of the community too # so really you're answering some questions for me now that 079: #1 well good {NW:stutter} # interviewer: #2 I won't have to ask you # 079: #1 maybe won't have to do later on mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 later on {NW:laughing} # um we were talking about your home where you gone where you were born 079: #1 mm-hmm mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 here in rome # um I'm not expecting anything elaborate but do you think you could show me how the floor plan was or? 079: I would only to have to guess at it honey I would say almost positively you see I moved from there when I was two years old interviewer: #1 oh really # 079: #2 {NW:chuckle} and I'm not sure # well that I've ever been in that house since we've never and mi- mister Dan Buyers lived there a long time and they and they were people we knew and had good speaking acquaintances with but we didn't to their home to visit interviewer: I see 079: uh so I don't know that I've been in the house but I know in reason that it had a hall central hall and I think just probably one room on this side one good side where you could make a small room and maybe three rooms on the other side probably a little five room house about and most of them in that period were built that way with the halls in the center and there'd be two rooms on this side and three on this side something like that interviewer: #1 what what would be at the end of the hall # 079: #2 that would be a # well that I expect a back porch I expect a hallway through the house interviewer: #1 oh # 079: #2 most of them went straight through the house ya know # in that day and time interviewer: where would the kitchen be now 079: kitchen would probably have been Expect the kitchen was the third room back on that side there was probably a living room {NW:noise} maybe a living room dining room kitchen and two bedrooms that's the ordinary arrangement of a house about that time interviewer: one story 079: that was one story mm-hmm interviewer: #1 what # 079: #2 now # some we lived in later I could tell you more about of course interviewer: what what would the construction of it had been what would it was it framed? 079: #1 framed mm-hmm mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 the house # 079: entirely framed there were not too many brick houses in Rome years ago but uh everything today is nearly brick ya know but when I was a child the majority of houses were framed mm-hmm interviewer: I guess that's 079: #1 yep uh-huh uh-huh # interviewer: #2 the period probably # uh how high is the ceiling? 079: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 here # 079: they're high honey I have measured them but I've forgotten uh {NW:chuckle} let's see {X} oh I'd say are all uh twenty something feet high this is an old house we've owned it nearly fifty years and uh it was an old house when we bought it so I think it would date back let's see we bought it in twenty-two it would certainly date back into the eighties or something like that interviewer: #1 oh really # 079: #2 mm-hmm mm-hmm # mm-hmm sure it would interviewer: even um this is an unusually high ceiling 079: yes they are very high interviewer: even for 079: #1 uh-huh older houses # interviewer: #2 other older houses # 079: #1 yeah yeah # interviewer: #2 I've been in they # 079: #1 uh # interviewer: #2 this is # 079: I expect I've measured it sometime I'm trying to estimate interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 {X} # uh eighteen feet at least honey uh maybe twenty mm-hmm interviewer: #1 {X} # 079: #2 hmm # interviewer: it gives you such a 079: #1 sometimes I'll go to the store and I'll be measuring and I'll say # interviewer: #2 open feeling # 079: I want this much of that that's a yard and a half it'll be a yard and a half to the inch but I don't always get that accurate interviewer: #1 {NW:laugh} # 079: #2 I've sold a lot that's the reason I can measure # interviewer: #1 that's tremendous now I think that must come with # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} # interviewer: #1 math my husband's a # 079: #2 it does # interviewer: #1 math major and he # 079: #2 it does it does # interviewer: #1 has eye {X} # 079: #2 mm-hmm mm-hmm # you have more of an eye for distances and lengths even then you miss it sometimes but um Lot of times I'd say I want that I guess I want two-thirds of a yard of this and they'll measure it and it's two-thirds of a yard interviewer: um 079: but I'm not always that accurate interviewer: #1 {X} # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} # interviewer: #1 so I can't I can't # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} # interviewer: #1 estimate a mile even # 079: #2 hmm yeah # well it's not easy to do interviewer: mm-mm um let's see now um what do you call in a house that has uh that would for example burn wood or coal for heat 079: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 but now in a # stove 079: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 uh you'd probably have it in a # 079: fireplace interviewer: right and what would you call the part the part of the fireplace that is on the outside of the house and extends up? 079: #1 yeah the chimney # interviewer: #2 the roof # alright and what do you call the part of a fireplace that extends out from the actual recessed 079: #1 the hearth mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 part of the room? # um what do you call I think they're still using them in fact they they are probably selling quite a few of them now and usually there are two of them in the fireplace that you rest the wood on to burn it 079: well andirons uh that's not a common usage with us I guess if anybody had andirons that's what we'd call 'em I don't think of anything else you'd call 'em interviewer: does this house have a fireplace? 079: does this house have interviewer: #1 does this house have a fireplace? # 079: #2 {NW:throat clear} well see right back # #1 of course that used to be a fireplace and we had the # interviewer: #2 oh {NW:laughing} # 079: had the gas heater put in there there was a fireplace in that room and we had a big gas heater set it out in the room in there we do not have central heat in this house we have gas heat all over interviewer: it's warm 079: #1 I'm always very comfortable # interviewer: #2 very warm # 079: #1 very nice # interviewer: #2 {X} # 079: {X} big gas heater in that room and in this one and in the living room the living room across the hall and across the back of the house where we have uh the den and the breakfast room and the kitchen we have gas heaters in each one of them where we keep all that part warm all the time all winter when we're gone all day we do not always keep this front part heated a lot of people don't try to heat the whole house and uh of course we'd like to it would be right expensive interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 079: #2 and see # I'm gone all day nearly all day Louise doesn't get home until six thirty or seven Ruth works 'til five thirty so it'd be right foolish for us to interviewer: #1 oh yes # 079: #2 heat all this # all day everyday but interviewer: #1 {X} # 079: #2 when I get home in the afternoon I generally turn it on # interviewer: #1 well a lot of people don't heat # 079: #2 mm-hmm yeah # interviewer: #1 but part of the house # 079: #2 well it's it's # interviewer: #1 we turn the the # 079: #2 mm-hmm # interviewer: #1 vents off # 079: #2 yeah # interviewer: #1 in the front part of the house # 079: #2 yeah mm-hmm # interviewer: uh what would you call this 079: #1 we'd call that the mantle # interviewer: #2 part here # 079: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 okay # 079: and you know what the old fashioned old time-y name for it some country people call it the fireboard interviewer: #1 no no # 079: #2 did you ever hear that expression # fireboard I've heard some people say that but it'd be people out in the country the older people interviewer: is it the same as a chimney piece? or is that that's just 079: #1 chimney piece yes # interviewer: #2 a word I've heard # 079: uh that's in the night before twas the night before Christmas interviewer: #1 is there # 079: #2 {X} there's chimney pieces in there # interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 the handles were # the stockings were hung by the chimney I guess it is I {X} chimney piece I guess meant same as mantle interviewer: #1 probably # 079: #2 probably # interviewer: #1 uh # 079: #2 I'm not # positive about that interviewer: #1 it's just a word that # 079: #2 cause # interviewer: #1 I've heard somewhere # 079: #2 uh-huh no I've heard it too # interviewer: #1 {NW:throat clear} # 079: #2 but not # it's not in my vocabulary {NW:laugh} I don't use it interviewer: #1 alright # 079: #2 {NW:laugh} # interviewer: uh what would you call the piece of wood that you burn in the fireplace one one 079: well if it were big I'd call it a log but if it were just some that had been split up course people don't burn wood in the fireplace much anymore I don't know any particular name I'd give to it now the name kindling to the pieces that you'd have to start the fire but course all that's in the past now we don't do that anymore interviewer: uh well about uh kindling then 079: mm-hmm interviewer: uh i-is this um a term that's used for di- for a particular size 079: #1 yes back # interviewer: #2 of wood you would use # 079: when I was a little girl and people had fires in the fireplace in the grate we'd call it you know uh you started a fire with little pieces of pine just about so long so big people split that up for kindling uh sometimes you'd ball it in a bunch at the store or something country people brought it in or some people some men split up there own they'd buy a load of wood from the country and they'd split it up things like that interviewer: #1 were there # 079: #2 burn wood in the stove # cook stove too you know interviewer: would you call that kindling in the 079: #1 no that was just # interviewer: #2 cooking stove? # 079: stick of wood bring in a stick of wood put a stick of wood in the fire in the stove interviewer: #1 it would be larger # 079: #2 you know # interviewer: #1 than kindling? # 079: #2 uh-huh # bout so long pieces about so long they were and uh {D:like} now it was a common practice when I was a child for a man from the country to bring in wood in long pieces and {NW:throat clear} made the logs that he had uh split in half or fourths and then Papa'd buy a load of wood then he would split it up into stove lengths interviewer: I see 079: and then when we wanted to be real smart we'd carry in the wood before he got home so he'd be pleased with us cause we carried in all the wood stack it up in the wood shed or fill the wood box in the kitchen and uh we were one of the first families anywhere around our area over there to have a gas stove interviewer: oh were you 079: For years we had a gas stove and a wood stove in the winter you cooked on the wood stove cause you wanted the heat but in the summer you cooked on the gas stove now that's before the day of electric stoves we were also among the first to have an electric stove cause my father worked for the {X} railway and lighting company that was taken over later by the Georgia Power so we always had everything electrical uh a little before some people did we had an iron long time before some people had 'em an electric iron and he always had an electric fan things like that now that would've been back around nineteen ten and twelve and fourteen when people didn't have 'em common interviewer: mm-hmm uh refrigerators I guess #1 {X} # 079: #2 yeah a refrigerator bout # people used to go around you know the ice wagon and come around and uh had great big blocks of ice and they'd chip off cut off however much you wanted and the children would all gather round and get when they sawed the ice ya know interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 079: #2 the shavings from it that was good # interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} in the summer I # 079: #2 {NW:chuckle} # interviewer: #1 bet it was # 079: #2 the ice wagon was # coming to the ice wagon was quite an event everyday and you'd tell 'em whether you wanted ten pounds or twenty-five pounds and some people have bigger ice box they'd get fifty pounds that's about as big of pieces uh as a home ever got and you didn't have ice unless you unless you got it from the ice wagon and then you didn't get it and you can't get cool like this the ice wagon didn't come anymore cause nobody buys when it wasn't hot weather interviewer: #1 what did you do with food # 079: #2 uh # interviewer: #1 and so # 079: #2 {NW:throat clear} # you'd call up the market in the morning before breakfast and they'd deliver meat to you interviewer: #1 for the day # 079: #2 imagine that` # deliver your meat before breakfast time I woke up many a morning to Papa calling the market for pound of steak he liked steak for his breakfast and uh they'd deliver it before breakfast interviewer: #1 you order each day # 079: #2 {NW:chuckle} # interviewer: #1 for what you had what you would use that day # 079: #2 uh-huh uh-huh that's right uh when it # when it was uh when you didn't have when it got cold enough you see why we used to uh keep what we had an upground cellar Papa called it he fixed us a little screened box outside of one of the kitchen windows and it was just screen so it was good and cold and the window come down in front of it so you put your food in there just like in a interviewer: #1 kinda like out from # 079: #2 refrigerator # interviewer: #1 the sill # 079: #2 mm-hmm yeah # interviewer: #1 of the window # 079: #2 out from the sill mm-hmm # interviewer: I never heard 079: #1 didn't very many people # interviewer: #2 of that # 079: have those I don't suppose but we did we called it our upground cellar interviewer: #1 {NW:laughing} # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} # interviewer: #1 that's really funny # 079: #2 {NW:laughing # but now that was probably due that may well have been due to Mama's influence from the north now it might have been interviewer: #1 oh uh huh # 079: #2 because other people around didn't have 'em # interviewer: makes sense 079: we had an interesting experience about this language stuff a nice young fellow few years ago who taught out of Shorter who was quite a good friend of ours {D: he'd be over here in a bit} and he would laugh at some of the things we said because he said we used a lot of expressions he didn't know now he was from over around Winston-Salem uh North Carolina and uh he maybe had some expression that wouldn't have been too common to this area but we realized that some of the things we said we didn't even know we said them were expressions we'd gotten from Mama they were expressions used in Ohio not common to this area you see interviewer: that's 079: so a lot of times you you speak a mixture of idioms and things of that sort that you don't even realize you do interviewer: #1 that's right um # 079: #2 mm-hmm mm-hmm # interviewer: somehow people don't realize when we ask them about their parents 079: uh-huh interviewer: birthplace 079: #1 yes # interviewer: #2 and how this could possibly # 079: #1 well it does make a big difference # interviewer: #2 matter because I've grown up # 079: #1 makes a big difference # interviewer: #2 in this area # 079: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 but not only your parents # but uh your associates your your day to day 079: #1 mm-hmm yes # interviewer: #2 associates # 079: #1 uh-huh # interviewer: #2 make a ev-every # 079: #1 the teachers that you had # interviewer: #2 experience you have # 079: if they happened to be Dyed in the wool southerners and so on why they gave you some expressions and some feelings and ideas that you wouldn't have gotten otherwise interviewer: #1 that's right # 079: #2 mm-hmm # interviewer: uh what do you call the black substance that forms inside a chimney? 079: #1 soot # interviewer: #2 and # 079: we pronounce it soot now what the correct pronunciation is I don't know but that's what we call it interviewer: #1 alright # 079: #2 {NW:laughing} # interviewer: um what do you call the grey um matter that's left after wood has burned? 079: ashes interviewer: alright and uh can you ge- tell me what you think the opposite o-of black is? 079: {D: uh you just want me to} say white mm-hmm interviewer: seems a little 079: #1 yeah # interviewer: #2 {X} # 079: #1 some of them are elementary but still I know that the whole pattern builds up into something doesn't it # interviewer: #2 {X} # 079: #1 mm-hmm mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 that's right # uh you now are sitting in a? 079: chair interviewer: um let's see I think now I need the names of the furniture 079: #1 alright uh-huh # interviewer: #2 that you have in here and uh # 079: what I would call it you mean? interviewer: right 079: well I'd call that a sofa could call it a divan but I believe I'd be more apt to call it a sofa though it may be that divan would be a more common expression today if you ask eight or ten of the people I am associated with all the time I expect maybe the majority of them would say divan said davenport some years ago but that terms almost gone out you know how do you even know it interviewer: uh my mother 079: #1 uh-huh uh-huh uh-huh # interviewer: #2 says it # 079: it's almost gone out the changes in language are very interesting I often tell my boys I say now you let's say a sentence and see how many words we can have in it that George Washington wouldn't have known what in the world we were talking about and you know you can make them realize that there's a lot of things beside radio and television and Frigidaire and so on {NW:laughing} interviewer: #1 a lot of changes in # 079: #2 wouldn't uh # interviewer: #1 uses that are brought about by changes in # 079: #2 yeah # interviewer: #1 civilization # 079: #2 uh huh # interviewer: #1 um # 079: #2 and new things in learning # interviewer: #1 my professor # 079: #2 changes # interviewer: points out terms connected with horse and buggy days 079: yeah interviewer: #1 that are just unheard of now # 079: #2 yeah uh-huh that you wouldn't know at all # interviewer: um and you would call these? 079: chair the piano the table and the lamp the bookcase I'd call this a bookcase mm-hmm interviewer: um can you name me pieces of bedroom furniture that are pieces that you can 079: #1 we would # interviewer: #2 think of # 079: think of the dresser we call still call it dresser and the bed table now for a long time you know dressing table was very popular in the bedroom you don't hear that term as much anymore interviewer: is this different from the dresser? 079: yes a dressing table was a popular came into uh popularity along I'd say about nineteen fifteen to nineteen twenty and along uh along there and it was smaller and um it had a big mirror and it didn't have the drawers and all that a dresser had it was supposed to be uh little uh cabinet thing for you to sit in front of and put on your cosmetics and things like that interviewer: you really don't sit in from of the dresser 079: no you don't interviewer: #1 it it's # 079: #2 no no #