Auxilary: We get the volume up, you wanna have the volume up so it Interviewer: {NW} Now how if- if you were saying to someone, "he ought to do this" but then you wanted to negate that, how would you go about? 079: He ought not to. Interviewer: Alright. If someone asked you, "would you do that?" You might say no I 079: Will not or I cannot. I ought not to. Interviewer: Or just if you wanted to use a contraction for will not? 079: Uh I won't. Interviewer: Alright. And if you wanna say "can you help me?" you might say well I 079: Might. I may be able to. Interviewer: Alright. Uh what sort of owls are there in we saw one in the parking lot in our very first visit here. Uh what sort are there in this community? You told me that kind of you never saw very many around. 079: {NW} You're talking about O-W-L an owl? Interviewer: Yes, an owl. 079: Uh I've heard of hoot owls and I can't think of any other word {D: in connection} with 'em. We don't ever I don't know when I've ever seen an owl. And you saw one out in the parking lot that first day. Interviewer: Giant. 079: Mm-hmm. {D: Barely several feet} Interviewer: Surely someone had a good card and 079: #1 Must have, must have cause they just aren't # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 079: common to this area at all. Interviewer: Well it was certainly big 079: Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. Interviewer: It's just quite a surprise. What is the what do you think of a hoot owl as looking like? 079: Well You could just describe an owl as a bird that has a rather large head and Interviewer: Well maybe I ought to ask you if do you think of them being a particular size or color? 079: Yes, a fairly good sized bird by that I mean oh a foot not a foot tall, but about eight to ten inches? And brown, shades of brown. Interviewer: Uh, have you ever heard of screech owls? 079: Yeah, I've heard of that but I think they're kinda Interviewer: Now do you think of it as being smaller, larger, different 079: #1 I don't know # Interviewer: #2 colors? # 079: whether it uh I never saw a screech owl so I just don't know {NW} {X}. Interviewer: What is the bird that you'll see in on the tree frequently sort of pecking on the tree with his 079: Woodpecker? Interviewer: Alright. Uh and the animal that you sort of stay away from because he has the power to give off a very unpleasant 079: A skunk? Interviewer: Uh do you know some other words? 079: Polecat. Interviewer: Alright. Are there are these the same thing? 079: As far as I know they're exactly the same. Interviewer: Alright. You ever heard of a civet cat? 079: No, don't believe so. Interviewer: {D: In that relationship?} 079: No, uh-uh. Interviewer: Alright. Uh is there something that you would, a word that you might use for any kind of animal that you just wouldn't want around your house? That you ju- you might say um 079: Well there's pest. {D: I can't think of anything but that} #1 Um. # Interviewer: #2 Sort of # that sort of type word, but usually you think of it perhaps you might think of it as being more of an animal nature. 079: #1 Mm-hmm. Yeah, yeah. # Interviewer: #2 {D: Pest could go over insects is the} # 079: No I can't think of what word you've had in mind. Now if you want to say a word I'll tell you whether its common to me or not. Interviewer: {NW} 079: I can't think of what Interviewer: Do you ever use the word varmint? 079: No, I that I would never think of that. Though I- I would know exactly what it meant if I read it somewhere. Think of might've been rats and mice and things like that would come under that term mind you, wouldn't they? But I wouldn't use the word, I don't expect. Interviewer: Alright. Uh what are the little animals that you find living in trees and gathering nuts? 079: Squirrels. Interviewer: Alright. Are there a different color 079: #1 Yes, we've got a white one out at school. # Interviewer: #2 for squirrels? # Hey. 079: Mostly they gray, but every once in a while I'll go out and say "see that white squirrel out there?" Now that's an albino squirrel. Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Hmm. 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Do we have any red squirrels in this area? 079: Not in this area I don't suppose cause I've never seen one of them in the wild. But there are red squirrels. Interviewer: The ones we see mostly are gray? 079: #1 {D: They they look really} # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. Uh-huh. # 079: And once in a while we'd see one running down. Saw one run across the street just the other day. Interviewer: Oh yes, I've seen them. 079: Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. Interviewer: I've been driving around Rome, uh a little animal that is found living I think in the ground, but I'm not sure that is akin to a squirrel and has little stripes on its back? 079: Now that's a chipmunk? Interviewer: #1 That's what I'm thinking. I don't know, do they live in the ground? # 079: #2 Mm-hmm. # I believe that Interviewer: #1 I'm not sure. # 079: #2 they do. # And you know squirrels didn't used to be common in town at all cause we'd ride out to the Berry school when we were children to see squirrels. Interviewer: Would you? 079: Mm-hmm. You couldn't see 'em in town. {X} Interviewer: Uh do you know of any synonyms for chipmunk? 079: Chipmunk. No, I really don't. Interviewer: Alright. Uh {NW} The kind of shellfish that we're told we're only supposed to eat in months that have an R 079: Oyster. Interviewer: Alright. Say it, would you say it one more time? 079: The kind of shellfish that we eat only in months that have R in the spelling are oysters. Interviewer: {NW} That was very complete. Uh the little amphibian that lives pr-probably in the side of a pond, it croaks a lot is called a? 079: Frog. Interviewer: Alright. Are there different kinds of frogs? 079: Bullfrog, and we use the term "toadfrog" when I don't know that we should. I think a toad and a frog are the same. I guess. Interviewer: Uh is a bullfrog a kind of frog? 079: Larger one. Interviewer: Oh larger? 079: It's a male, I believe, isn't it? Didn't the term "bullfrog" just apply to a male or not? I'm not positive but Interviewer: #1 I'm not positive either. # 079: #2 I believe it is. # Interviewer: Uh what about rain frogs? Have you heard of this? 079: It seems to me I've heard that uh term. Interviewer: Or peepers? 079: Yes, mm-hmm. Interviewer: Does this mean a 079: #1 Now I don't know if a peeper # Interviewer: #2 frog to you? # 079: is a frog or not. I don't know about that, I wouldn't be sure. Interviewer: Alright. What about um you were saying that you weren't sure whether a toad and a frog 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: were the same or not. What about a tree toad? Is this some kind of? 079: I don't know whether that is any different from a frog that hops along on the ground or not. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Uh what are the little slimy creatures that people 079: #1 Snake? # Interviewer: #2 use to go fishing with? # 079: Are you thinking of snails? Interviewer: No. 079: #1 Uh. Uh. # Interviewer: #2 You you dig out of the ground. # 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: #1 What do you think? # 079: #2 Oh # Fishworms. Bait worms. {NW} Earthworms to be exact. Interviewer: Hey you ever heard of these called nightcrawlers? 079: Yes. Interviewer: Are they the same thing? 079: I don't know. They sound horribly nightcrawler does it may be something a little worse than a ordinary earthworm but it they may be the same thing. Interviewer: Alright. Uh what is the animal that you find sometimes in your yard and that's capable of pulling his head and his feet into a side of his shell. 079: Would that be a turtle? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Now is there another name that you think of for turtle? 079: Tortoise, is that the same thing? I believe it is. Interviewer: No. 079: Oh. Interviewer: Uh what about the word terrapin? Does this ring 079: Terrapin, yes I think that'd be practically the same thing there's probably a distinction, but I don't know it. Interviewer: Do you make a distinction about whether one being oh say lives in the water or the land or does this does this make mean anything to #1 you? # 079: #2 I don't # know, it's usually that terrapin would be more {X} Especially in water though I'm not sure, I may be wrong about that. Interviewer: Have you ever heard of the word gopher used in connection with a turtle? 079: #1 I heard the word gopher? # Interviewer: #2 Or terrapin? # 079: Now gopher is some kind of little animal but I wouldn't think of it in connection with a turtle or a terrapin, but it may be. I don't know what I think a gopher is. Little kind of I don't know like a chipmunk or something I would think. But I may be wrong about that. Interviewer: But you haven't heard it in 079: #1 Uh-uh. No no I haven't, uh-uh. # Interviewer: #2 connection with a turtle or a terrapin? # Alright, um some little animals, I think we may have talked about this earlier that uh somewhat like shrimp, say, or very very tiny lobsters that you might find along the side of um of a creek. Uh they have little, they're small faced and they have little pinchers. 079: Now let me see that can't be any kind of a crab or I can't think of a Interviewer: #1 Some people people use them for fish bait # 079: #2 {D: Something something that} # Interviewer: sometimes. 079: Yeah? And I just can't think of what you're talking about. Can't think of the word. Uh. There's some term that something like shrimp, but I can't think Interviewer: #1 {D: Well its} # 079: #2 I mean # Interviewer: suppo- suppose I told you the last part of the word was fish. Some kind of fish and it was a one of 079: Crawfish. That's what I'm trying to say. Interviewer: That 079: #1 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 that's what you think of? # 079: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 {D: Alright say that.} # 079: Ain't it funny, that wouldn't come to my mind but the minute you put said fish and you put something in front of it Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 079: #2 I had to think of what I was trying to say. Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: Do you make a distinction between crawfish and say what crayfish? 079: No, as far as I know it's the same thing. Interviewer: Well what about crawdads? 079: Well I don't know that term. Interviewer: You don't know that 079: #1 Uh-uh. # Interviewer: #2 term? # Uh these, would you say these are different from crabs? 079: Yes. Yes, they'd be different from crabs. Interviewer: Alright. The insect which uh frequently is accused of flying too close to a candle flame and getting singed is? 079: The moth. Interviewer: And two of those would be? 079: Moths. Interviewer: Uh what would you call the insect that flies at night and periodically emits a little glow? 079: Uh. Lightning bug. Interviewer: Alright now are do you distinguishing this from a firefly in any way? 079: No. No, to me they'd be the same. Interviewer: Alright. Uh the the large, I would say rather large insect, probably about so, that you see hovering over a surface of a lake would be called? 079: Hmm. Let me think. I can't think what you're thinking of there. A a dragonfly? Interviewer: #1 That that's what I was thinking of. # 079: #2 Uh-huh. Yeah uh-huh. # Interviewer: Uh what about the insect that wh- um is very likely to sting you if you pick one up? 079: A bee? A hornet? A wasp? A yellow jacket? Interviewer: Now do you distinguish between a hornet and a wasp? 079: I would not know one from the other, but I'm sure there's a difference. Interviewer: {NW} Do you think of them as looking pretty #1 much alike? # 079: #2 Yeah, mm-hmm. # Interviewer: And you 079: #1 Now you can tell the yellow jacket cause they're yellow. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # {NW} Well I'm glad. {C: laughing} Uh what kind of nest um do they make? 079: Wasps make a nest of some material that they exude from their bodies um that is somewhat oval in shape and sort of hollow inside. And fly in fly out of it. Interviewer: And bees, what sort of things 079: Bees have a have a hive if they, I don't know what they have if if people don't make them a hive. {NW} I don't know what they have {C: laughing} Interviewer: {D: Well that's a problem, isn't it?} Uh when you think of um say a bee, a yellow jacket, and a wasp or a hornet 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Which do you think has the most severe sting? 079: Let me see. I don't know. What the one maybe I just know that one is worse than the other? Interviewer: #1 Well # 079: #2 But I I # Interviewer: strictly do you think of one as having? 079: I do do not think of one being any worse than the other, now I probably should but I don't. Interviewer: Alright. Uh what is a wasp-like insect that does not sting? 079: I've named all the ones I can think of. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Can you think of one that um builds say a little house um above the eaves of the house that looks like a little um mud clump of ` 079: Dirt dauber? Interviewer: That's what I was thinking of. 079: Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Uh do you know any other stinging or wh- you said you named just about every 079: I believe I've named all I can think of. Interviewer: Alright. What about uh the very small insect that frequently can get in around your your screen and you don't see them and you have to swat them? 079: Fly. Interviewer: Alright. 079: Housefly. Interviewer: And another kind of insect that also can come in the same way and will bite you and so it can suck your blood. This is a? 079: Mosquito. Interviewer: Alright. If you had more than one you'd call 'em? 079: Mosquitoes. Interviewer: The insect that lives in uh OR in tall weeds for example and is green and hops a lot is? 079: Grasshopper. Interviewer: And what uh do you think of as being a type of small fish that's used for bait to catch other larger 079: #1 Minnow. # Interviewer: #2 fish? # Do you know any other terms for for um small fish that can be used for bait? 079: I don't think of any. Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 079: #2 May be. # Interviewer: Uh the filmy substances that you would find sometimes in your house say in a corner or from the ceiling, that you have to get a mop to get down. 079: Spiderweb. Interviewer: Alright. Do you think of make a distinction between spiderwebs and? 079: Cobweb? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 079: No, I don't. Now a cobweb might just be dust that had accumulated. You might speak of that as a cobweb. But a spiderweb's made by the spider, but I expect to be using them interchangeably. Interviewer: Do you think of one as being indoors and one outdoors sometimes? 079: No, I wouldn't make that distinction. Interviewer: Alright. The part of the tree that is underground are its? 079: The roots. Interviewer: A kind of tree that you might tap to get um sugar from would be a? 079: Maple tree. Interviewer: Alright. Are there kinds of maples then? 079: Yes, sugar maples and plain maples I don't know what term you'd give them but they don't have the sap. Interviewer: Alright. Uh a group of these would be called a maple? 079: Grove? Interviewer: Alright. Uh do you know can you name me other kinds of trees that you can think of that are in this vicinity? 079: You mean just trees around Interviewer: #1 Just trees # 079: #2 here? # Interviewer: #1 just kinds of trees. # 079: #2 {D: Oh well} # Oak tree, pine tree, cedar tree, magnolia tree, fruit trees of all kinds. Interviewer: Okay. 079: Um Probably some beech trees, though I wouldn't know one if I saw it. Uh poplars. Interviewer: {X} 079: Elm. {NW} Interviewer: I think that's 079: #1 {D: Go on and veer right off} # Interviewer: #2 a pretty good list. # I think you got a pretty good list. Uh a tree on which a fruit is grown that has a pit in the center would be? 079: A peach tree or a cherry tree, maybe a cherry tree rather Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 079: #2 than a peach tree. # Interviewer: Um the plant that has three leaves and can make you break out in a rash is called? 079: Poison ivy. Interviewer: Alright is there are there other names using the word poison for this kind of plant or for something similar? 079: Poison oak we say and I don't know what poison oak is. Well unless its the same thing as poison ivy. It's not an oak tree part and it leaf of an oak tree, is it? What is poison oak? Interviewer: I don't really know. 079: I don't either. Interviewer: #1 Have you ever heard of # 079: #2 {D: I ain't never do that} # Interviewer: something called poison sumac? 079: No, I never heard that term applied to sumac. Interviewer: Alright, is this a kind of tree too? 079: Sumac? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 079: It's I'd call it a bush rather than a tree. Interviewer: Oh really? 079: It does not grow very high its the thing that turns red earliest in the fall Interviewer: Oh really? 079: And has a pretty uh spray-like uh bunch of {D: sometimes leaves kinda}. And uh doesn't grow, it may grow fairly good size but it's not a tree. There'd be a distinction, I'm sure. Interviewer: Does it have an odor or bloom or anything? 079: Not that I know of. Now it seems to me like it maybe after, I don't just when, it has a sort of a bushy something something I suppose is the bloom, a seed pod sort of a thing. Interviewer: Does it drop it's leaves in the winter? 079: #1 Mm yes # Interviewer: #2 Just # 079: yes it would. Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Alright. Uh if you're talking about berries and you're warning someone not to eat them you might say, "be careful these berries are?" 079: Are poisonous. We'd probably just say poison. But we really ought to say poisonous I guess make an adjective of it. Interviewer: Can you name me as many kinds of edible berries as that you can think of? 079: Strawberry blueberry blackberry elderberry uh boysenberry, that's a new kind of berry. That's all I can think of right off. Interviewer: Alright. Uh the kind of plant that is grown in the mountains frequently around Gatlinburg that has absolutely beautiful flowers and sometimes we have them here I've seen them at the nurseries 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: um it's a rather long word and usually they're kind of large and pink flowers, does this? 079: Rhododendron? Interviewer: Alright. Uh can you tell me any other kinds of plant you think of that are native to the mountain are-area? 079: One kind of berry grows in the mountains, the hu-huckleberry, I forgot Interviewer: #1 Oh really? # 079: #2 the name. # And dewberry. Uh and uh now what'd you say, what kind that grow in the mountain? Interviewer: Oh. 079: Just the flower or? Interviewer: Flower no, a plant or a bush or a tree. 079: Well mountain laurel. Interviewer: Alright. What do you think of mountain laurel as being? 079: You mean uh Interviewer: Uh 079: It's a Interviewer: #1 how would you describe it? # 079: #2 small # its a shrub. Which has these beautiful pair of pink flowers, there's tiny little flowers cluster of tiny little flowers. Interviewer: I see. 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: And how l-how tall does it grow? Does it grow into? 079: Oh sometimes it grows good, big bushes, it's not a tree, it's a bush, but it grows tall sometimes. Interviewer: I see. If you were married and you wanted to um go out on an evening but you thought that you really ought to consult your partner, you might say, "well we'll probably go, but I must ask my?" 079: Husband. Interviewer: And he might say, thinking of you, 079: #1 I'll ask # Interviewer: #2 "I must?" # 079: my wife. Interviewer: Alright. Are there synonyms for husband and wife that you think of? 079: Yes. Well one that can be either one is the word spouse. Whenever they invite people to things out at the college, uh they say you and your spouse meaning if you're a man its your wife if you're a woman its your husband. Uh I can't think of anything else. I don't think right off of another word. #1 {D: That the D sound for husband and wife.} # Interviewer: #2 Alright. # Uh a lady who has been married but her husband is deceased is a? 079: Widow. Interviewer: And your male parent is your? 079: Father. Interviewer: Uh what did you call your father when you were 079: #1 Papa. # Interviewer: #2 grow? # Did you? Uh 079: That's gone out almost, only very few children say Papa today. Interviewer: Did you have any special other terms that you might call him when you were being unusually affectionate or or would you sometimes call him father or another word you were trying to be very 079: We never used the term father we just weren't taught to, and Mama didn't like Daddy so we didn't say that we just said Papa. Interviewer: #1 You said Papa? # 079: #2 Or we'd say Pops sometime # just for fun kind of. Teasing you know? Interviewer: {NW} Uh your mm of course your female parent is your? 079: Mother. Interviewer: And you called her? 079: Mama. Mostly. Now we called her mother some, but I called her Mama really. Mm-hmm. Interviewer: And did you call her anything affectionately or would Mama be #1 your? # 079: #2 Mama would be # I guess as affectionate of a term as we'd think of uh-huh. Interviewer: Alright. Uh your father and your mother together are your? 079: Parents. Interviewer: Uh your mother's father would be your? 079: Maternal grandfather. Interviewer: Alright. Uh did you know any of your grandparents? 079: I knew my mother's father and mother but my father's father and mother were dead before Mama married. Interviewer: What did you call your uh 079: #1 We we said # Interviewer: #2 grandfather? # 079: grandma and grandpa. Interviewer: Did you? 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Uh did you have any special nicknames for them other than this? 079: Mm no, I don't believe so. We didn't say "granny" or anything like that. Interviewer: I see. The uh offspring of a man and his wife are called their?` 079: Children. {NS} Interviewer: Are there any other synonyms you think of that people use to refer to their 079: #1 Kids # Interviewer: #2 children? # 079: which I do not like. Interviewer: {NW} Alright. {C:laughing} Uh the wheeled vehicle that um people use to take babies out er its called a? 079: Baby carriage or perambulator or a go cart. Interviewer: And they also sometime now have smaller wheeled vehicles for larger children and these are called? 079: {D:Pram?} No? I don't know what else you're thinking of then. Interviewer: That doesn't matter. 079: {NS} Interviewer: When you're taking a baby out in a carriage, you how would you refer to you're going to do what to the baby? 079: Take it out for an outing or an outing or take it for take it for a ride maybe, though I don't think you'd say that or not. Interviewer: Do you ever say wheel the baby? 079: Yes, yes that's common enough. Wheel the baby up and down the street, mm-hmm. Interviewer: Okay, um if you were married and had a female child, she would be your? 079: Your daughter. Interviewer: And as a daughter she as opposed to a boy she would be a? 079: #1 A a a girl. # Interviewer: #2 She would not be a boy. # 079: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 That's right. # Uh do you have a term for the ladies that used to assist at the births of children? 079: #1 Midwife. # Interviewer: #2 {D: Relatively} # 079: is the term we well that was used, and uh Interviewer: Are there still very many of those? 079: Not, well I say not many and then I expect in some backwoods districts there still are. {D: Not many.} Up in the mountains some places. Interviewer: Uh if you wanted to talk about the fact the boy had some of the same facial features or mannerisms of his father, you might say "that boy something his father"? 079: We'd say looks like his father. We might say resembles, but we wouldn't say {D: it with him} we'd say looks like him. Interviewer: Alright. Now if you were talking about his face 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: You'd say looks like 079: #1 Yes # Interviewer: #2 or resembles? # 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Alright what about his body? Would you use the same term? 079: We might say he has the same build as his father mm-hmm. Interviewer: Alright. And if you were talking about his behavior? 079: Has the same disposition as his father. Or the same characteristics, manner of personality. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. If you wanted to use the verb and say "that boy something his father" would you would you have a #1 word? # 079: #2 Mm. # In thinking about his? Interviewer: His behavior. 079: Behavior. Acts like his father {C: laughing}. Interviewer: {D: I wouldn't what} I wondered what I was thinking 079: #1 Uh-huh. Mm-hmm. Yeah, yeah. Uh-huh. # Interviewer: #2 of this, but it wasn't especially # 079: #1 Yeah yeah, uh-huh. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 looking for it, and I wondered if you would use it. # 079: Think that's what we'd say. Look darling let me ask you something. Uh do you had to come again if I could keep stay with you longer this afternoon? Could you finish and save you another trip? Interviewer: Well I'll be coming back anyway. 079: Will you? Well. Interviewer: Uh but whatever can suit you. 079: Well I just don't want to, I didn't wanna rush you through or anything. Interviewer: #1 No no, this is just fine. # 079: #2 Mm-hmm. # Well now you you keep me posted on time, I don't have a watch Interviewer: #1 I was just looking at it. # 079: #2 on honey. Yes. # Interviewer: It's about two minutes past five. 079: Well, we can do just a few more and then we'd best stop. Interviewer: Alright. Do you say, 079: #1 Yeah. Alright. # Interviewer: #2 {D: I I'll repeat my sentence} # Uh if you're threatening a child, uh about his behavior you might say "if you don't behave yourself you're?" 079: Going to be punished or I'll whip you. {C: laughing} Interviewer: Uh do you think of differences in degrees of punishment for children concerning your if you're threatening them? 079: Yes, you might threaten to whip them might be the most um dire punishment or you might threaten 'em to the fact that they may go to bed without any supper or you might threaten 'em with not getting to go out and play, something like that. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. We're talking about the word "grow up". 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: We something slowly. 079: Grew up. Interviewer: Alright, but we present tense we? 079: We are growing up. Uh we grow up. {D: And uh scramble or uh} Interviewer: And we something in a hurry? 079: We grow up, we we grow up in a hurry, or we I don't know what else you'd Interviewer: It it doesn't 079: #1 Uh-huh. # Interviewer: #2 matter. # {D: We we've got ones anyway.} 079: Yeah. {C: laughing} Interviewer: And we had before we knew it. 079: We had grown up before we knew. Interviewer: Now, can you think of tell me some words for infants that are born out of wedlock? 079: Illegitimate. Love child. Interviewer: #1 Would you call that # 079: #2 I don't think they # Interviewer: sort of a a joking expression? 079: Which, the love child? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 079: Not so much a joking expression, but one that is sometimes used in some things you read or something, some stories. {D: Something so.} Interviewer: Are there some really negative, prejudiced expressions that are used against illegitimate children? 079: Bastard. It's not used too, it's used more in historical novels maybe. Interviewer: #1 Oh. {C: laughing} # 079: #2 {D: And uh but not in present day language} # Well some people use it. Interviewer: Is there a word you might use, a euphemism or something, if you didn't want to say bastard or you didn't want to say illegitimate, is there another word that you might use? You said love child #1 Maybe you're # 079: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: thinking? 079: I don't think of another one, now what one are you thinking of? Interviewer: I'm not thinking of any 079: #1 Uh-huh. I don't think of another one. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 in particular. Just wondering if you thought of another one. # Um a child whose parents have died? 079: Is an orphan. Interviewer: And an orphan is generally assigned to someone who would be his? 079: Foster parent. Interviewer: Alright. If 079: Or guardian. Interviewer: Alright, that's another. Uh if you're referring to your immediate family in a general sort of way you might say, "Oh they're all my?" 079: Kinfolks? {C: laughing} All my relatives? {C: laughing} Interviewer: Alright. If you're thinking of your immediate family, would you use a different word than if you were thinking of your whole extended family? 079: Um. I don't know this exactly, look the thing about that we if we're speaking of the whole thing you're talking about family connection. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 079: Not much close kin. But family connection. And then we'd say close kin if we meant people just real close to us. Interviewer: You would? 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: But you would you would you use relatives to encompass everyone? 079: Yes, uh if she's a relative of mine it may be a first cousin, and it might be a distant cousin. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And what about kinfolk, would this be? 079: Well kinfolks is of course, a term used in the south, not used up north. Uh and kinfolks means anybody that's kin to you. Interviewer: #1 And it would be any anyone as well. # 079: #2 Mm-hmm mm-hmm. # Interviewer: Alright. Uh someone who is not a member of your family, you wanted to convey this you might say, "she is?" 079: No kin? Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Alright. Uh someone 079: No relation now, the uh up north they'd say relation. Interviewer: They would? 079: Yeah huh. Interviewer: Someone who is not born in the United States would be a? 079: An alien. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 079: A foreigner. Interviewer: Alright now would you distinguish foreigner and stranger in your vocabulary? 079: Uh yes, uh anybody that I've not met before is a stranger. Interviewer: #1 Whether or not he is # 079: #2 Whether he's uh American or otherwise. {C: laughing} # Interviewer: #1 I see. # 079: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Uh the two sisters of Lazarus in the Bible 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Were who? 079: Mary and Martha. Interviewer: #1 I thought since you quoted the Bible to me, I thought I'd # 079: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {D: get some questions at you.} # 079: #2 Yeah, I can give you some harder ones than that. # Interviewer: #1 {D: Here we go.} # 079: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {D: There is I'm also looking now for Earl's name.} And the way I'm gonna go about it is by referring to a town in Georgia that I think has a delightful name and it's two words, the first word is "Plum." 079: {D: Plum meadow?} Interviewer: #1 That's what I'm thinking of. # 079: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 But I don't know any other # 079: #2 Plum outta Georgia and then out of Tennessee. {C: laughing} # Interviewer: What is Nelly a a abbreviation for? 079: In that? Interviewer: No. 079: Uh oh our nah Interviewer: {D: a lady's name} 079: Eleanor is the only name I think of right off but Nell is uh, you may not know but Nell is a nickname for Eleanor. But it is , uh I don't think of anything else. Interviewer: I don't either, I I was wondering 079: Oh Eleanor would be the one I guess, I don't know very many people that are called Nell whose name is Eleanor, but it is a nickname for it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. The first book of the New Testament is? 079: Matthew. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. I'm gonna use all the Bible things I can give to you. Uh if you were referring to a man whose last name was {D: Cooper} and you wanted to to refer to his wife, you might say Oh that's m that's 079: {D: Missus Cooper} Interviewer: Alright. Now if you wanna uh if you were using the word, that is opposite of mister to refer to a lady, would there be a way that you would say it quickly? 079: Uh sometimes we say miss instead of missus Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Which would you think you use most in your 079: #1 I # Interviewer: #2 speech? # 079: I believe now I I say miss more than we were taught to say missus, Interviewer: #1 Were you? # 079: #2 Missus Thompson # Missus Smith. Mama didn't like to shorten it that way, but I believe today I do. I believe we nearly all do. We say that's Miss Jones. Mm-hmm. {NW} Interviewer: They don't make don't seem to make that distinction. 079: Mm-hmm. Now darling, I could run down to White's and get that and come back and do more if you want me to. {X} Interviewer: Alright, uh I wanted to ask you something that I didn't ask you when we were back talking about hogs. 079: {NW} Interviewer: And I asked you, did you had you ever heard of the term for a castrated male hog? 079: #1 Boar? # Interviewer: #2 Have you ever heard of the word "barrow?" # 079: Now I've heard that word, but I couldn't've told you what it was. I couldn't have defined it. Interviewer: Uh uh you just knew it 079: #1 Yeah, I well oh I # Interviewer: #2 to hear it before it? # 079: I know it have, when you's asked me I know that it does have to do with that, but I I wouldn't have known. Interviewer: Okay. Can you give me a term for a preacher who works part-time or is unqualified? Some kind of preacher? 079: Sometimes we speak of a not a lay preacher, would you think of lay preacher? That'd be somebody who really wasn't ordained but preached. Or an itinerant preacher who went around here there and yonder preaching. Interviewer: This has more of the scent of of a preacher being unqualified. 079: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 Really # not able to do his job well. 079: I don't know exactly what you're Interviewer: Heard of Jackleg preacher? 079: Yeah, but more in terms in with connection with a lawyer. Interviewer: #1 Oh. # 079: #2 A jackleg lawyer. # I've heard that more than I have jackleg preacher uh-huh. Interviewer: I was gonna ask you what other 079: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 terms you might use # 079: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 jack-leg with. # 079: #1 Like a lawyer. # Interviewer: #2 Do you know of anyone # other than a lawyer you might use it with? 079: Well I suppose you could use it for a doctor who wasn't qualified or any any professional man who wasn't qualified to do what he was supposed to do but I had never heard it used {D: I don't believe} except in connection with a lawyer. #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 Alright. # Do you have a special term that you use for a woman teacher as opposed to a man teacher? 079: No. If I said my math teacher's name was Smith um I wouldn't say anything about him to know whether he was a man or a woman. Interviewer: Alright. 079: Is there a term? Interviewer: #1 I had nothing really in mind. # 079: #2 Professor maybe? # Interviewer: #1 Some people might use # 079: #2 Now in # Interviewer: #1 {X} # 079: #2 in the vernacular # Interviewer: #1 {X} # 079: #2 Yes, but those are # old-fashioned terms aren't they? Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Would you use them at all? 079: #1 No, no, no. # Interviewer: #2 Now in front of yourself? # 079: In fact we never called a few of the boys used to call {D: Mr. Quib Mr.Broy Professor Quib Professor Broy} just for fun. But anybody speaking to them often didn't call 'em professor. Interviewer: Uh now in college, would you make? 079: They did little further back. Interviewer: Oh 079: The man who was superintendent when I started school everybody spoke of him with great respect as Professor Harris. In fact that's the way if I wanted uh to go on and ask me something about Professor Harris, I'd say Professor Harris but you see that was further back. Interviewer: #1 I see # 079: #2 That was further back. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: And now in a college you wouldn't make any distinction male or female for professor, would you? 079: #1 No,no. # Interviewer: #2 They had that right? # 079: Don't believe you would. A professor or uh whatever they they had different #1 ranks you know according to their degrees and so on. # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. But they # would each 079: #1 Yeah, it'd be the same. Be the same. # Interviewer: #2 {D: just be according to that rank.} # 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: If you were speaking of my mother's sister, is she would be? 079: Your aunt {C: pronunciation}. Aunt, I say aunt. Aunt {C: pronunciation} sounds better maybe, but it sounds affected to me so I just say plain aunt. Interviewer: Uh in the Bible, do you remember the name of Abraham's wife? 079: Sarah. Interviewer: And Robert E. Lee was a? 079: Well a confederate general? Interviewer: Alright. 079: Want his mother's name? Interviewer: #1 No. # 079: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 Do you know it? # 079: #2 Anne Hill Carter. # Interviewer: You're 079: Uh-huh, Anne Hill Carter. Uh huh. Interviewer: Is there anything that you don't 079: #1 know about southern history? # Interviewer: #2 Oh yeah yeah yeah there's plenty of it. # Oh I wanted to ask you, are there any books written about Rome 079: #1 Yes, there's a good number # Interviewer: #2 that were # worthwhile? 079: Yes. Miss but you can't get a copy. Mr. George Magruder Battey. Back in 1920, when I became interested in the history of Rome cause of Roman essays, school service in Rome I won the prize, so that got me very much interested. And uh I really worked on it though it had five chapters, it was elaborate and I went around to see a lot of people and got information and so on well that was when he was coming back here, he was a native Roman but he'd been away, wanted to write the history of Roman Floyd county and he thought he might get some source material that way from some of the things that children found out and I'm sure he did. And uh his book is good {D: and uh at the time it came out} I didn't I never had enough money to buy a book like that with just what I was {D: out of the house to do} {D: In short in about all to do to make ends meet} and you didn't have much money and uh so we didn't buy books as I would today if a book came out that I wanted I'd get it. Uh and it got out of print. Now they had copies at the library that you can go and look at, but you can't take it out. Interviewer: Do you know the name of it? 079: History of Roman Floyd County by George Magruder Battey. And um every once in a while somebody will find some copy that somebody's willing to sell but it's uh it's pretty hard to get a hold of. Interviewer: I see. 079: Of course I know a lot of it practically by heart but I've looked at it so much. But you can see it anytime you {X} you could look at it honey. Interviewer: Oh I'd like to. 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Is it at the library down next to city hall? 079: Uh-huh. Interviewer: Good, I'm in that area I'll look that up. 079: Alright, you go in and look at it. Now they have a lot of interesting things they have the files of the newspapers way back you know Interviewer: #1 Oh do they? # 079: #2 and things like that. Mm-hmm. # On microfilm a lot of it. Interviewer: #1 {X} # 079: #2 And uh so they have # a right good reference department, you know? They have a Georgia room which in which they have a great many things about Georgia and all you might sometimes find something you wanted there. Interviewer: Do you think this the Chamber of Commerce puts out any kind of reliable information on Rome at the present? 079: Yes, I can think you can certainly count on what they say. They have a lot of little pamphlets and booklets and so on, and I have never found anything in it that I didn't agree with. And I been here a long time and I know pretty well what's true and what's not. Now I wouldn't know all about the facts and the figures about the uh for that in since I Interviewer: #1 But you've got a sense of what # 079: #2 got in my # Interviewer: #1 {D: is reliable.} # 079: #2 that that I had in my history # about the practice of telling that Floyd county farmers clear two million dollars from the livestock industry. A year. Today. Well now I think they wouldn't give that unless they had the figures for it. Clark Howers, who is head of the Chamber of Commerce, a very good friend of mine, and he's a very interesting person I think a very uh capable person. So I imagine they work very hard on these brochures they get out. Interviewer: Well then that that's I 079: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 think that you would be the one # 079: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 to tell me # because some are not. 079: No, I I think they do I as I say I never seen anything that I thought well I don't know whether that's quite true or not. Uh there are a lot of good things you can say about Rome, its a cultural center, its a manufacturing center, its an educational center uh and there's a whole lot that's good about Rome, its a good town. It is mine. {C: laughing} Interviewer: {D: Well I think you should feel good.} 079: I do too. Interviewer: Uh a man who presides over a court would be a? 079: A judge. Interviewer: And if his name were Marshall you would refer to him as? 079: Judge Marshall. Interviewer: Uh a person who goes to school would be known as a? 079: Student. Interviewer: Now would you make any different terms for whether its a grade school student, high school or college student? 079: No, I don't believe I would. I I it'd be don't I do too you might call people in the primary grades you'd speak of as pupils probably. Interviewer: Would you? 079: I believe I would. I think I'd ask about how many pupils do you have if I were talking about the younger children. But if we're talking about high school I'd say how many students are there in your class? Interviewer: Your phone. 079: Again. {C: laughing} Mm-hmm. Interviewer: A woman who works for a man taking dictation and typing would be the man's? 079: Stenographer or secretary. Interviewer: Alright. The female version of an actor is? 079: Actress. Interviewer: And if you are a citizen of the United States, you are a? 079: An American. Interviewer: Alright. Now um a person whose skin is dark is a? 079: What do you want me to say, African or? Interviewer: In in America? 079: In America? A negro. Interviewer: Alright. Now can you tell me if you were we're talking about now terms that indicate a prejudice for or against 079: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 the negro race. # If you were trying to be derogatory in an ugly way 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: What would you call 'em? 079: Nigger. Some people do at least. ` Interviewer: And is there anything else that you think of? #1 Any other terms? # 079: #2 Uh. # Coon. Um. {NS} Black rascal. {C: laughing} I can't think of anything else. {C: laughing} Interviewer: If you were joking are there any terms you might use? 079: I can't think of Can't think of one. #1 Now you might mention one and # Interviewer: #2 Alright. # 079: I'll tell you if it's familiar to me. Interviewer: Now if you were being neutral 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: and trying to call them something pleasant but referring to their 079: #1 Either # Interviewer: #2 race? # 079: a colored person or a negro. I would say. Interviewer: Alright. 079: I wouldn't say black man or black woman, which is coming in so much now they'd rather be called blacks some people say, but that's not natural to me {D: we hadn't ever} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 079: {D: Done 'em.} That called 'em that. Interviewer: Alright. Now um our race of course is caucasian. Do you know or have you heard any terms that the black people might use to refer to us? First of all in a derogatory way? 079: Now there are some I know cause some of the books I have read but I don't think of one right off. Interviewer: What about joking terms? Do you think any joking terms? 079: It seems like I ought to be able to, but I don't. I read some books that were written by negro authors from the negro viewpoint you know, and Interviewer: #1 Can you think of one for example? # 079: #2 and all. # {D: Pardon, I can't?} Interviewer: Baldwin maybe, some of James Baldwin's? 079: No. #1 A a a book I don't know that one # Interviewer: #2 No I mean so that # 079: I read some by well I can't think now but there's a number of different ones. No I don't think of any terms uh honey, what do they speak of white people as? #1 Seems to me # Interviewer: #2 Uh the only one # that I think of at the moment is maybe hunky or something 079: #1 Well I don't know. # Interviewer: #2 like that? But I'm # 079: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 not sure that's a legitimate # term, I think I've heard that 079: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 for sure. # 079: I think of that more what some people might call some white some Americans might call Italians or some others foreigners Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 079: by a term like that. Interviewer: Uh if they were being neutral as we would be saying colored people do you think they would say white people or what do you? 079: White folks. Would be the more vernacular thing, wouldn't it? Interviewer: Alright. What's term used for poor whites? 079: Trash. {C: laughing} Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 079: White trash {D: or you hope not to say.} Poor whites. Interviewer: Do you think white people and colored people would both use this term? 079: Uh well grown people speak of white trash. Interviewer: Do they? 079: Yes they do. Um there's a cute quotation from a book oh what's that author's name? Uh is it uh? {D: Nigger topped the cotton, nigger tote the load, nigger build the lebid} for the river to crash. Uh nigger never walked up the handsome road, that's the name of the book The Handsome Road but I'd rather be a nigger than poor white trash. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 079: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {D: Well let's see} 079: {NW} Interviewer: And we just say, do we say white trash too? 079: We do, we ought not to, but we do or poor whites we might say. Interviewer: Uh what is the term redneck in Georgia? They say 079: That means a country lil fella that's uh {NW} sunburned I suppose where it came from maybe. Interviewer: Would he necessarily be trash? 079: No no he might be a poor white farmer he might be a tenant farmer he wouldn't be trash. Poor white trash are ones that just don't do anything Interviewer: #1 {D: Shifters?} # 079: #2 for themselves. # {D: Shifters and no finger.} No he might be a hardworking tenant farmer or something. Interviewer: Alright so. 079: In my uh vocabulary that's what redneck would refer to. Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Well I was gonna just ask you for a person uh a term for a person living in the country who's out of touch with town life, do you think of? 079: Uh. Let me think We wouldn't use the term rustic though it's used sometimes uh for a person speaking of or spoken of as a rustic. Uh no, I can't think of anything besides country, just country people Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 079: #2 {D: or something like that.} # Interviewer: If you were going to answer the phone 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: you might tell me to wait by using by saying something in particular what what would you say? 079: Like if I were leaving you and go Interviewer: Uh-huh and going to come right 079: #1 Just a minute. # Interviewer: #2 back. # 079: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 That's what I was thinking of. # 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Uh in asking directions, you might say question is it to town? 079: How far is it to town? Interviewer: And if you wanted to show me something but I wasn't looking you and to get my attention you 079: I'd say look or listen. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would you 079: Now people that don't speak so correctly would say listen here maybe, but now we wouldn't say that. Interviewer: What about look here? Would that? 079: Well I'd say that that look here you can't do that and I might say that you know. Sort of vernacular but I might say it. Interviewer: Do you think of that as being a reprimand or a direction to look? 079: {NW} It could be if you're talking to a child look here you stop that {C: laughing}. Then it'd be a reprimand {C: laughing}. But uh I wouldn't say look here I'd just say look, I wouldn't. Interviewer: Would you say see here? As a reprimand do you think? 079: Not that wouldn't be natural to me. Now some people would say see here you can't do that. See here, I'll show you how to do it. No I I don't believe I ever would ordinarily say that. Interviewer: Alright. In asking uh the number of times that you might make a trip to town, someone might ask you by saying do you go to town? 079: Uh often? You mean? Or do you uh Interviewer: Or in the the first part would be um a how how 079: How often do you go to town? Interviewer: #1 That's what I was thinking of. # 079: #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: I'm not going to do that and you might reply? Ne- 079: Neither am I. Interviewer: This is my? 079: Hair. Interviewer: And this is my? 079: {D: thyroid} Interviewer: This is my? 079: Ear. Interviewer: And which one? 079: Left {C: laughing}. I think {C: laughing}. Right? {C: laughing}. Interviewer: And this one is my? 079: Right ear. {NW} Interviewer: Uh neither of us have, but if a man gets up and shaves in the morning he shaves off his? 079: Well he shaves his face and he removes the bristles of hair the stiff hair that's on his Interviewer: #1 And what do you call # 079: #2 face. # Interviewer: the hair on his face? 079: Uh beard. Interviewer: Alright. This whole thing not not just the parts but this whole thing is my? 079: Mouth. Interviewer: And this is my? 079: Teeth. They're your tooth or teeth. {C: laughing} Interviewer: Alright. This is my? 079: Neck. Interviewer: And inside my neck is my? 079: Throat? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Have you ever heard the word goozle? 079: Maybe in a slang way, but I don't know. Well I believe I have maybe sometime. Interviewer: Okay. This part of my hand is 079: #1 Is the palm. # Interviewer: #2 the # 079: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 079: {NW} Interviewer: This is my? 079: Hand. Interviewer: Two of them are? 079: Hands. Interviewer: This is my? 079: Fist. Interviewer: And two of them are? 079: Fists. Interviewer: Referring to the way your leg is put together, your knee is a? 079: Joint. Interviewer: On a man, this part is his? 079: Chest. Interviewer: These are my? 079: Shoulders. {NS} Interviewer: This whole thing is my? 079: Leg. Interviewer: This is my? 079: Ankle or foot. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. {D: Not too wet for 'em.} 079: Yeah foot. Interviewer: Two of them are? 079: Feet. Interviewer: Is if you see someone who has been ill, you might say you certainly look? 079: We say bad. You shouldn't say badly as some people do, because badly is an adverb and doesn't look it doesn't take an adverb. But there might be some argument about that. Interviewer: Do you ever say peaked? 079: You could. Mm-hmm I don't know that I I might say it sometimes, she looks a little peaked or something like that uh-huh. Interviewer: Does this mean pale or? 079: Kinda pale and puny looking. {C: laughing} Interviewer: Alright. Uh if I say to you that's a stout man now what do you think of as his being his description? 079: Rather heavy-set. Not slim and slender. Interviewer: Do you think of it having anything to do with strong? 079: No, if I wanted to say he was strong I'd use the word strong. Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Alright. If someone's always smiling and never seems to be unhappy you'd say he certainly is? 079: Well has a good disposition, he certainly is I guess say happy? Um Interviewer: When thinking of his personality 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: as opposed to being uh 079: Let me see. As opposed to being gloomy or or surly he's pleasant, happy. Interviewer: He's good? 079: Uh tempered. Good-natured. Interviewer: #1 Mm that's what I was thinking about. # 079: #2 Mm-hmm. Yeah. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: Alright, now um there is a term that we use sometimes for a person {D: a eater of low morals} or a person who perhaps is one of the masses. Now you might say I have always heard it said as? Referring to a girl with very low morals that girl sure is? 079: Well wild or um fast. Interviewer: Well. 079: Don't know if the term fast is used as much today as it was years ago. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 079: And there was was a little {NW} stepping aside, she was fast. {NW} Interviewer: Now if you're referring to the mass of people, you would refer to them as the some kind of people. 079: Mass of Interviewer: There's a song now that says "living in the love of the some kind of people." Have you #1 are you up on # 079: #2 {X} # Interviewer: pop songs? 079: Don't listen don't listen to them at all no. {C: laughing} Interviewer: {D: No problem} 079: Ah. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 079: #2 You talking about # immo- sort of immorality uh? Interviewer: #1 No, no I'm # 079: #2 Well just um # Interviewer: W-we'll 079: #1 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 go back to that in just a minute. # Now just talking about ordinary people and sometimes this this could mean people just the bulk of the working 079: The masses? Interviewer: Uh-huh but you might say the masses are the people? 079: Common people? Interviewer: #1 That's what I was thinking of. # 079: #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: Now you'll know there's a song that says "living in the love of the common people." 079: I see {D: I'll think about you} {D: when I hear it.} Interviewer: {D: When you hear that.} {NW} Now the term common 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Does this mean to you loose morals or does it mean one of the working class or how how do you think 079: It uh it by itself she just kind of common I wouldn't mean she wasn't good morally I'd mean she just came from a low background poor home, poor grammar poor Interviewer: #1 Mm. # 079: #2 uh # not any cultural background but that's what I'd think of as a common person. Interviewer: It wouldn't be really a put-down? 079: No And there might be sort of a might kind of uh little common in there I can't use common to define it in their ways, something like that. Interviewer: But not uh 079: #1 Not in moral necessarily, no. # Interviewer: #2 Yes that's # Alright. When you're thinking of young people who are full of bounce and uh happiness and always wanting to go and move around you would say those young people sure are? 079: Full of pep and energy? {C: laughing} {NW} Interviewer: Would you say lively about young people? 079: Mm. Yes, I'd say that was a lively bunch uh-huh. Interviewer: What about older people? And uh especially elderly people 079: #1 Uh-huh. # Interviewer: #2 would you use # the word lively? 079: Vivacious maybe, you might use um about an elderly woman who is {D: sparkly and} and um. Yeah uh Interviewer: Would you have say lively? 079: Animated, would I have say what now hon? Interviewer: Would you say lively? 079: Yes, I think I might there mm-hmm. Interviewer: Alright. Uh would you ever use any qualifiers? To lively? 079: Well let me see I suppose you could say it was a very lively group, you could. Mm-hmm. Quite. So. {NW} Interviewer: Alright. If you are not easy in your mind you are? 079: Worried or anxious. Interviewer: And using the word easy, you are? 079: Uneasy. Interviewer: Alright. If you are in a state of fear, you are? 079: Anxious or distressed or worried? Interviewer: And if you were worried about something, you might say "I'm that that's gonna happen." 079: Afraid. Interviewer: Now how how do you think of afraid? Do you think of afraid as being well you tell me. 079: Well uh {NW} if I'm afraid of snakes I'm terrified of 'em I'm afraid of 'em I don't want 'em touching me. But sometimes I say I'm afraid that will happen when I mean I think perhaps it will. Just sort of denoting possibility or something. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: So you use this both ways? 079: #1 Yes, uh-huh. # Interviewer: #2 {D: Do does} # 079: We use afraid sometimes when we don't actually mean we're scared of something. Mm-hmm. Interviewer: You use scared as more you wouldn't use scared in "I'm scared that's gonna happen?" 079: Well, you might you might, I'm scared she gonna have a wreck. I might say that instead of I'm afraid she'll have a wreck. Cause she's a reckless driver or something. Interviewer: Is scared a little stronger, or a little more physical maybe or? 079: Maybe so, I guess it would be a little bit {D: you really}. I'm afraid that may happen sometimes well that's not too {NW} emphatic. But if I say I'm scared she's gonna run into somebody I may be a little bit more emphatic about it, mm-hmm. Interviewer: Alright. If someone was once afraid but is no longer, you would say she be afraid but 079: She used to be. But is not anymore. Interviewer: Okay. Would you mind saying that again, I think that car just 079: Alright then. Uh I would say she used to be afraid, Interviewer: #1 Alright. Now # 079: #2 but is no longer. # Interviewer: how would you negativize {NW} that's a new word 079: Yes. {C: laughing}. Interviewer: used to be? 079: Well it isn't correct to say didn't used to be cause some people would, uh formerly she uh before this she was not afraid uh formerly would be a little too too formal. {C: laughing} But just everyday speech But children are and some people say uh she didn't used to be afraid. Interviewer: #1 What would you say? # 079: #2 But that's not very good, # I expect I might say that sometimes. {NW} {X} Interviewer: There's your phone. 079: Yeah, I don't want I don't. Interviewer: Um if someone is not careful, they are? 079: Careless. Interviewer: If you wanted to use a word for a person who was a little odd, you might use? 079: Queer. Interviewer: Now has the meaning of this changed lately? 079: Uh a little bit in that used to uh formerly, if you said somebody was queer they just had some little odd ways or something. But sometimes we use it today to sort of mean mentally off. She's a little queer. You think well she's a mental case. Interviewer: How has the use of this as a slang term for homosexual affected the use of it? 079: Well not too much. I don't know what term I'd use rather than that if I was thinking of them. Interviewer: Would what I'm saying 079: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 really # is would you avoid using the word 079: #1 No, no I would not. # Interviewer: #2 {D: queer because of the connotation} # 079: I do not uh get it um a connotation that would make me think of of that, now some words do make you think of things and you'd avoid using them. But no, in among my friends the word queer is alright. Interviewer: Alright. 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: If someone's easily offended, you might say they're? 079: Sensitive? Um {D: if we did a good word there.} We'd say they get their feelings hurt easily. Interviewer: #1 Would you ever use the word touchy? # 079: #2 I don't know what # Yes, yes, you would. She's sort of touchy about things, uh-huh. Yes, you might. Interviewer: Alright. Um if you become if you are not happy about something and you become really upset, you would say I I am really? 079: Angry. Interviewer: Now 079: We'd say mad but we ought not to Interviewer: #1 Yeah I was gonna ask about this # 079: #2 {D: that don't mean that.} # Interviewer: #1 Now would you use mad # 079: #2 We say mad. I'd say mad # rather than angry. I got so mad with her. {C: laughing}. {NW} Interviewer: Alright. 079: Rather than angry. Interviewer: Uh if you were in a crowd of people in in say in an auditorium 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: And someone made {NW} and uh someone said there's a fire and everyone started to panic, they might make an announcement saying "everyone keep?" 079: Quiet or remain seated. Interviewer: Don't panic. 079: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: #1 Uh. # 079: #2 Uh. # Interviewer: #1 # 079: #2 # Couldn't think of what word just {X}. Interviewer: And instead of being upset, you would be tranquil, you would be? 079: Calm. Interviewer: Alright then you would say.