Interviewer: {NS} Okay and how was that you said you could cut a little place out you cut a {NS} 166: There gaps I call it Interviewer: #1 Okay # 166: #2 to # to go by. {X} Interviewer: A gap instead of a notch? {NS} 166: Well you can say notch Sure either one. {NS} Interviewer: #1 Alright # 166: #2 Rather have # done none of that. {NS} Just take scissors and cut straight. {NS} Interviewer: You don't use a pattern? {NS} Some- I be when the children was growing up I cut 'em at my desk most of the 166: #1 time. # Interviewer: #2 I see # wonderful I couldn't 166: #1 But now # Interviewer: #2 that # 166: they use that uh {X} {NS} to cut out and thing you know they use them scissors and #1 them get uh # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 166: {NS} whatever you call 'em. {NW} {NS} Interviewer: Okay what is the place {NS} along uh {NS} uh a large amount of water that falls straight down you say like Niagara you say that's a {NS} a wa- {NS} 166: #1 It's Niagara # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 166: falls. Interviewer: Okay so that's a great big wa- {NS} 166: uh-huh Interviewer: Waterfall. 166: uh-huh Interviewer: How {NS} 166: uh-huh {NS} Interviewer: how do you say it? {NS} 166: waterfall {NS} Interviewer: uh-huh {NS} 166: Waterfalls I reckon. Interviewer: Okay {NS} And uh what are the different kinds of roads you might have around 166: Dirt roads. {NS} Interviewer: Right 166: Just regular old dirt roads. {NS} hills and up hills and red hills and {NS} Anything else you call a road it was dirt. Interviewer: #1 Uh # 166: #2 {D: ever since X} # {NS} Things is what we having now. Interviewer: And when they started uh maybe the county or the government fixing the roads how did they fix 'em first do you remember what they started doing? 166: Fixed 'em in around town most are like we got 'em now. {NS} But they finally got out in the country years ago. {NS} Interviewer: And what would you call that kind of a road that has been flattened out smoothed out that has has a hard thing put on it what do you call that? {NS} 166: You mean in the dirt? {NS} Interviewer: Uh after 166: Paved you call it a paved. Interviewer: Okay {NS} And uh {NS} what about if it has ground up stone {NS} on it not hard and smooth but uh {NS} a lot of little fine gravel what do you call? {NS} 166: You call it gravel. Interviewer: Okay #1 {X gravel} # 166: #2 That's what # We used to call it now I don't know what to call it now they give everything different names #1 now. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # {NS} What's that black stuff they put on it that's sticky? 166: Tar. Interviewer: Okay {NS} 166: Well I had to have tar put on my porch last week cost me two hundred and fifty dollars fix that porch Interviewer: #1 Sure # 166: #2 stop it # from leaking. Interviewer: {NS} To stop what? {NS} 166: Stop it from leaking. {NW} {NS} Interviewer: Okay and um {NS} What about uh #1 little row # 166: #2 Don't you # want a chair? Interviewer: {NS} I'm fine this way I'm very comfortable 166: Well you could sit there and Ken can sit over here and give you more. {NS} Interviewer: #1 Well I might go around # 166: #2 {X talked about} # Interviewer: in a minute I just was thinking about getting um {NS} well I can sit on the floor for a little bit. {NS} uh what about um {NS} um {NS} roads around on the farm? {NS} What would you call them went from one field you know down into another? {NS} 166: That was just turning dirt roads nothing but just looking around the corners there just seeing yonder there didn't have no straight roads. Interviewer: Okay. {NS} um {NS} Would you ever say {NS} going down from the house to the barn maybe down the lane? {NS} No? 166: No I'd just say we're going to the barn I thought it {NW} we there was lands now that you go into the pasture {NS} Interviewer: #1 Lets say you're- # 166: #2 with cows and all # but just the barn around the house you say barn. Interviewer: Okay {NS} and the lane was that big enough to drive a wagon down or was that just to walk down? {NS} 166: Well it didn't, it's just it'd be just wide enough for you to go get out a branch and drive 'em up that lane home it wouldn't be as wide as from here to there. {NS} Interviewer: Okay 166: Just big enough to bring drive them in. Interviewer: Drive cows in? 166: Uh-huh keep from getting away from Interviewer: Okay {NS} and uh {NS} Downtown like this right here in front of your house you walk down the what do you call that what you walk out here? {NS} 166: Sidewalk. Interviewer: mm-kay {NS} And uh do you have a Do you remember anybody using a word for that little grassy strip in between the sidewalk and the street? {NS} mm-mm 166: Bermuda grass standing there. Interviewer: Over- 166: But I don't see no bermuda grass {NS} here. {NS} Interviewer: mm-kay. {NS} If you're walking along the road and a dog jumps out at you and scares you what would you pick up and throw at him? 166: First thing I get my hands on. {NW} Interviewer: #1 It might be a what? # 166: #2 Big stick. # Interviewer: Okay. {NS} Okay and if you were telling somebody about it what would you say you did? {NS} Like I went down how and #1 And I was # 166: #2 The dog # scared to death I hit him. Interviewer: Okay. {NS} And uh if you uh what would you say you threw at him? {NS} 166: Rock? Interviewer: Okay 166: If I could get one. {NS} Interviewer: And uh if a boy was uh {NS} kind of bad and he had a little pet dog and he came by and {NS} uh {NS} he picked up something you might say. {NS} Why that boy {NS} a rock at the dog. {NS} how would you say that that boy? {NS} #1 A rock. # 166: #2 Chumped a rock. # Interviewer: How 166: Chumped a rock at {NW} Interviewer: #1 mm-kay # 166: #2 {X} # Interviewer: {NS} And if you go to somebody's house to see them and they say well Uh he's not at home no he's how would they say that he's mm? 166: mm I'd just tell 'em he wasn't there. Interviewer: Okay how would #1 say # 166: #2 {X} # pick the right answer to- He's not at home? Interviewer: Right how would you How would they be likely to say you went to say I'd like to see miss so and so and they say well she's {NS} 166: She's gone too. Interviewer: She's not {NS} 166: Shoot she might be shut up in the house but she might be gone #1 too. # Interviewer: #2 Okay # {NS} You were about to say um {NS} 166: I know a long time ago I knew a girl that um {NS} picked cotton {NS} in them days you went in buggies you know {NS} and that girl we picked together cotton together several of us and she'd lie down every time she see a buggy coming and she didn't pick no cotton for lying down in the cotton. Interviewer: You mean she just didn't want to be seen? 166: No she didn't want to be seen. Interviewer: #1 {D: she had to hide} # 166: #2 {D: Just shame just a shame} # uh-huh Interviewer: #1 Huh # 166: #2 {X} # I didn't care if you see me work. {NW} It was honest. I had to work for a living. Interviewer: Sure. {NS} Alright and uh talking about putting milk in coffee some people like it? {NS} #1 {D: milk} # 166: #2 Sweet # I like it black. Interviewer: Okay and others like it 166: Sugar and milk. Interviewer: uh okay uh {NS} Do you uh think of any other ways of saying coffee? {NS} Without milk and sugar you might say you like it black #1 any other? # 166: #2 I just # say black or straight. Interviewer: Okay black or straight {NS} and uh and that means you take it {NS} with {NS} without milk how would {NS} #1 {X} # 166: #2 {X} # can drink it without it. Interviewer: Okay {NS} And if somebody is not going away from you not walking away from you you might say well he's walking straight? {NS} 166: To you. {NS} Interviewer: Okay how's that walking straight? {NS} 166: Towards you. Interviewer: Okay. {NS} If uh you saw somebody you hadn't seen for a right good while you might say well I was downtown this morning and I {NS} #1 {D: saw someone} # 166: #2 {X} # s- saw him Interviewer: okay uh {NS} How would any other ways to say saw him you just happened to meet him in the street and you might say yesterday I in the #1 {D: store?} # 166: #2 Yesterday # I seen Interviewer: Okay. 166: so and so. Interviewer: Alright. uh I read a {NS} 166: Piece in the paper. Interviewer: {NW} Okay 166: I don't know what about though. Interviewer: {NW} Alright but would you ever use that to say I ran across somebody to say you just happened into 'em around guess who I ran across downtown? 166: Just run across them. Interviewer: Okay 166: Glad to see 'em Interviewer: Okay. {NS} And if a child is given the name that his father has you would say they named the child his father? 166: {NW} What do you call it two. Like he was battle battle two. Interviewer: #1 uh # 166: #2 Is that right? # Interviewer: Uh Well uh if you just 166: Named after his daddy. Interviewer: uh okay named after mm-hmm and uh If you're going hunting you need to take along a good hunting. {NS} I think we got that already uh {NS} It's not it's not a cat uh what's the animal it's not a cat it's a {NS} an animal that barks is a? 166: Dog. Interviewer: Okay {NS} And if if somebody is trying to make their dog attack another person's dog what would you say to him? {NS} 166: Say jump on him I reckon. Interviewer: Okay do you ever here uh {NS} Uh {NS} {D: Sic-y} {NS} Or {X} {NS} you ever say sic 'em on it? #1 No? # 166: #2 uh-uh # Interviewer: {NS} uh-uh 166: It's I have heard 'em sic dog uh dogs on hogs and cows now to get 'em to come home we used to have cows and hogs and we had some uh dogs they'd go to the field and get 'em. And they'd bring 'em home {NS} and I'd say catch 'em. {NS} Holler at 'em and say catch 'em now bring 'em home. Interviewer: Okay {NS} and uh what are the different kinds of {NS} little dogs that you might say very small dog that makes real noise 166: and I tell you you don't know a few {X} Interviewer: You don't care for 'em? 166: No my daughter come down here and bring her dog there a little tiny scrump I get mad and shut the door. Just in and out in and out in and out And her is a poodle and it's a cute little dog but I just don't want it running in and out of my house. Interviewer: No. 166: We used to have the collies out in the country {NS} and they were good dogs they worth something throw a piece of bread and let 'em go. {NS} These other little dogs have got to be fed. Interviewer: {NW} Just a nuisance huh? Okay If um if a dog liked to bite and uh if a child went by and you gotta you might say the boy what what by the dog? 166: Bit. Interviewer: Okay. And in a herd of cattle what do you call the male? 166: Uh they used to call him a boar. Interviewer: Okay 166: They didn't call him a straight out male or anything but now it's a male a male dog a male cow anything. But they used to call it Just a straight out boar Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 166: #2 now. # That doesn't sound good but that's what they used to call it. Interviewer: Okay what about uh bull 166: Well they used to call 'em bulls too. Interviewer: uh Boar and bull #1 just # 166: #2 Was # just about the same thing. Interviewer: Same thing okay. and uh The one that you keep for milk is not a bull but a 166: And you would say heifer. Interviewer: okay #1 Or uh # 166: #2 {X} # Now they're called heifers before they find a calf now then then defined as milk cows. Interviewer: Okay and uh the animals that you may drive a cart to or a buggy they're uh or pull a plow with 166: That's uh Mule. Interviewer: okay and if they're 166: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 two of them # you would say that's a a mule 166: That's a mule and you know they used to use um What was them things they used to plow more than plow mules as much as plowed mules. Interviewer: Oh ox? 166: Oxen. uh-huh oxen. Interviewer: Do you ever see any of them? 166: Yeah I've seen them. had oxen been lots of times. Interviewer: It's your husband you haven't done it yourself? 166: No we never raise 'em ourselves but other people would have 'em and hitch two together and plow with 'em. Interviewer: And what did you call that thing that they hitched 'em in? a wooden? or wood ye- 166: It was something like a wagon. #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} {C: distortion} # thing uh a yoke do they say? 166: {X} Fasten the heads together you know? Interviewer: Right if there were two of them you said a #1 a yoke? # 166: #2 {X} # Now if there's one they just put on on 'em but if there's {NW} two they'd have to connect 'em together. Interviewer: #1 right # 166: #2 and # goes from the bridle. Whatever they called it. Interviewer: Okay 166: so does the other one. Interviewer: And uh if there are two mules you call 'em a 166: Two mules. Interviewer: Uh would you say a pair or a #1 team? # 166: #2 Pair yeah # Pair uh-huh Interviewer: Okay. 166: Pair of mules. Interviewer: Alright uh what about uh if there were two oxen do you remember did they say a 166: They say it was two oxen. Interviewer: a pair or two? Just two okay. Do you ever hear uh a span of oxen? {X} 166: I never have heard of that. Interviewer: Okay UH 166: That's all a mule wants Interviewer: Yeah okay 166: older than I am and you. Interviewer: {NW} Okay And a little one when he's first born is a? Now it's gonna grow up to be cow but when it's first born it's a what? {NW} A baby? 166: Baby calf. Interviewer: Alright. And um uh And if you had a cow by the name Daisy, and she was expecting a calf, you might say? Daisy is going to in the spring or how would you say she's going she's expecting a calf she's going to? 166: If she's expecting one I'd take her and put her in the barn. #1 to herself. # Interviewer: #2 Right. # And would you say she did you I think you said you know going to find a calf was that the? 166: Find a calf. #1 uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 okay # And the male horse what would he be called? {D: He's X} Male I believe is what all I've ever heard. Okay uh did you ever hear a stallion or a stud? #1 No? # 166: #2 No {X} # Interviewer: Okay um And uh the mules are the ones that are used for uh uh working generally but for riding people use? 166: Uh horses. Interviewer: Okay and just one is a? 166: Mule. Interviewer: {NW} We talk about horses but you say there's one? ho- You say two are horses but just one is a? 166: Male Interviewer: #1 Okay ca- # 166: #2 and one # female. Interviewer: Okay and what would you call a female horse do you remember? 166: {NW} Female is one that can find colts. Interviewer: The baby right. And did you call her a mare? Do you remember using the word mare for a female horse 166: #1 Yeah mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 How would # 166: That's that's what they used to call 'em mares. Interviewer: Okay And if you don't know how to ride you might say well I've never even a horse I've never. 166: I can say I haven't Interviewer: Haven't what? 166: Haven't never rode on one. Interviewer: Okay. Uh and if somebody around here likes his horses very much you might say every morning he 166: Is out riding. Interviewer: Okay 166: {D: My file by bystickers} along here The street's full of bystickers young ones too. I wish you'd take 'em frequently. Interviewer: {NW} 166: With those feet you can have 'em all. Interviewer: {NW} Got enough of 'em huh? Okay {NW} And if somebody couldn't stay on the horse you might say he 166: Falls. Interviewer: Okay and he rode him but he? 166: Fell off. Interviewer: Okay And um What about if a little child went to sleep in the bed uh but then he found himself on the floor in the morning he might say I must have out of bed I must have? If he went to sleep in the bed but when he woke up he was lying on the floor 166: He crawled out of the bed. Interviewer: He 166: he or she uh #1 uh just # Interviewer: #2 Okay # 166: crawled out of the bed. Interviewer: Alright bud if he didn't do it intentionally it was an accident oh look he 166: Fell. Interviewer: Okay And the thing that you put on a horse's feet to protect them? 166: Oh What is the things they say they could put on your door for good luck. #1 oh horseshoes # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 166: horseshoes. Interviewer: Okay And {NW} the parts of the horses feet that you put the shoes on what would you call them? 166: Hooves. Interviewer: What? 166: Hooves. Interviewer: Okay. And one is a horses? Horses ho- 166: #1 Shoes? # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Uh yeah well his foot the thing you just told me you said horses hooves and you say raise up his {NW} 166: Put 'em on. Interviewer: Raise up his what? 166: Foot? Interviewer: Okay and that hard part is the? 166: The hoof part I call it. Interviewer: Okay and the game that you play with those things they nail on the horses feet, what do you call that? Men like to play it. They pitch You remember sitting there you had two little posts up or little sticks and they throw the 166: Is that horseshoes? Interviewer: Right you ever hear it called anything besides #1 horseshoes? # 166: #2 I think they # call it horseshoes they used to play. {X} Interviewer: Okay and {NW} What is the the animal {NW} that they get wool from you remember what the male uh sheep is called? Did y'all have any sheep around here? 166: No we don't. Interviewer: Okay 166: Have some goats out here. Interviewer: What do you call a male goat? 166: We call it male goat. Interviewer: uh-huh And the one that gave milk is a? 166: She's a she Interviewer: uh-huh 166: She's a sh- m- milk goat they A She goat call 'em shes. Interviewer: Uh a she goat? 166: She goat. Interviewer: Oh did you ever hear them called nanny? Nanny goat? {NW} 166: Yeah they call these little ones uh that now Interviewer: #1 uh-huh and billy? # 166: #2 {X} # Interviewer: Okay uh #1 do you remember # 166: #2 Either # one of them will do. Interviewer: right 166: It's been so long that I've done forgot. Interviewer: Sure whatever you have it 166: Cause we didn't have all sets of that. Interviewer: Right. 166: Now when we was growing up it was after we got a little size #1 Cause we # Interviewer: #2 yes # 166: had to learn thins like that and now I done forgot it. Interviewer: Yes 'm uh well if uh you don't remember the words for the male or female sheep uh a ram or a a buck or do you think you probably just said a male sheep if you said it? 166: We just male sheep is all I know. Interviewer: Okay and the female you ever hear of a ewe or a cow? for a sheep female sheep. 166: Well we'll call 'em female sheep. Interviewer: Okay 166: sheeps when they want uh Interviewer: The ones that would be the #1 the # 166: #2 breed 'em. # Interviewer: Okay And they have what's that stuff on the sheep's back called? {NW} 166: Wool. Interviewer: And uh what about a male hog? 166: Hog they just call that a boar. Interviewer: Okay #1 And uh # 166: #2 They # didn't say nothing else the old people used to say boar. Interviewer: Okay And if if if were uh Uh a male that's been altered so that he couldn't be the father of pigs what would you call him? 166: Now if they have a name I don't know #1 I # Interviewer: #2 Okay # 166: I know they done they worked on 'em and um Keep them before they killed 'em and they kept 'em a long time after they worked on 'em cuz you know boar hogs are no good. #1 They got over # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 166: some now in town that are meat and you can tell the difference in 'em. Interviewer: uh-huh 166: So they work on 'em to don't eat 'em and they just work on 'em then. Interviewer: #1 To make meat. # 166: #2 And most # time they work on 'em when they young. I know we did. Interviewer: Uh did you ever hear the word a barrel used with a hog? 166: {NW} That's the male. Interviewer: #1 That's the male? # 166: #2 That's what # call a male did then. Interviewer: Okay and um the little one when it's first born is called a baby? 166: Baby goats. Baby sheep. Interviewer: And uh with the hogs are called little? 166: Pigs. Interviewer: And what are those stiff hairs on a hogs back called do you remember like you make hair brushes out of or used to make hairbrushes out of? Stiff hairs 166: I don't remember nothing about. Interviewer: Uh what about what do you call those things in the hairbrush that stick out? You know the little stuff that uh Bris- 166: I don't know that question. Interviewer: Okay if you don't #1 uh # 166: #2 Sure don't # Interviewer: Uh the uh The hairbrush bristles do you say bristles to mean the stiff hair? 166: That must be what it is because it's stiff you know and you I know we take some of that on the brushes that we have um cemetery and clean the graves all with 'em. Interviewer: #1 Okay # 166: #2 And as # stiff as they can be and it must be that. Interviewer: Alright. #1 Uh # 166: #2 Oh man if they have that # I expect the one who read it is going know more about how I do. Interviewer: #1 No # 166: #2 They # gonna have something to laugh at. Interviewer: no that's interesting Uh you still go out and clean up the cemeteries groups that you go out and work on 'em? 166: In a cemetery I go out there and my sister was buried out there at christmas and my husband and husband's mother and father and my mother and my sister and her husband. Interviewer: #1 {D: is that how they shadow?} # 166: #2 {X} # We go out there and see if they're dirty or anything we got something put around there and clean the weeds get around 'em and I got it walled in. Interviewer: Like a fence you got a fence around 'em? 166: Well it's just a coping around about that high. Interviewer: A what? 166: Coupling we call it a coupling you know? Interviewer: #1 what is it? # 166: #2 Well it's just like a fence only it's # put up with um cement Interviewer: Uh-huh a coupling. 166: And then I got the white gravel in there. Interviewer: Um that makes it clean. Uh what are those big big teeth that a hog male on the side 166: Side tooth. Interviewer: #1 Okay # 166: #2 {D: small teeth} # Interviewer: You ever hear them called a tush or tushes? 166: Yeah tushes tush. You know more about it than I do. Interviewer: Oh but I don't know a lot about these things I just have these things here that I look at. And so I'm just asking you #1 {X} # 166: #2 Well they used to call it # they they stick out you know and they'd bite you too if you made 'em mad. Interviewer: mm 166: And there'd be a tooth just like our teeth now it is really like #1 teeth like # Interviewer: #2 {D: I see} # 166: we got but they call 'em tushes. Interviewer: okay And what was the thing that you put the food in for a hog a kind of a 166: Well we put it in trough. Interviewer: Okay. And one would be a trough and maybe two tr- 166: Water troughs. Interviewer: Okay and um Do you have any name around here for a hog that's grown up wild? 166: mm-mm Interviewer: No okay. 166: I haven't heard of any hogs growing up wild. Interviewer: Okay 166: I think you keep 'em up too close. Interviewer: And uh. If a calf is being weened you might say the noise it makes is doing what 166: Bellowing we used to call it that old calf's a-bellowing. Interviewer: #1 Okay # 166: #2 She's ho- # is a hollering out there. Interviewer: #1 Okay but if you # 166: #2 Lowing and # Lowing we call a cow lowing. Interviewer: Lowing 166: I have three or four one may hit right don't. {X} Interviewer: No I think all those are just different words for what about the noise a horse makes? 166: It snorts. Interviewer: Okay. 166: {X} When it gets mad it shakes its head and just like somebody had blowing their nose. Interviewer: Okay and what about if he's not mad just maybe he's hungry or something he might go make 166: I never will forget my husband had I don't know whether it was a horse or what it was And uh it they called it a horse but I don't know whether the thing ever bred or not. But it'd have spells and Adam couldn't ride or do nothing and one time I even got mad with it cuz it had a spell and I had a jug of water on there and he broke that jug over that mule's head. Interviewer: {NW} 166: If they have fits but if they have {X} And their colts and we never did know you know there's a colt kind and {X} kind. Interviewer: {NW} 166: But that mule was hard headed and it you couldn't get on that mule to ride it. And he got mad and he brought that jug of water come into the house and he broke it on that mule's head. Interviewer: {NW} 166: I told him if {X} Interviewer: Well he must have been a little aggravated wasn't he? 166: Well he was they were aggravating when they got in that state you couldn't do nothing you couldn't plow or do nothing he just threw it all down then. Interviewer: Yeah 166: {D: But wonder hadn't} He would've kill it right then he was so mad he could have killed it. Interviewer: {NW} um #1 Okay you might say # 166: #2 Is that # is that going on there now? Interviewer: No uh but that's fine. uh If a horse is hungry he may make a little noise {NW} Just to say it's time to be fed you remember call it a? 166: He'd he'd go like he's a snort. Interviewer: uh-huh uh Ever hear it called a knicker or a whinny? 166: What? Interviewer: Uh knicker or a horse would knicker or whinny either one don't remember those? 166: I've heard whinny but I never have Interviewer: Okay. And if you have to you've got horses and mules and cows and they're getting hungry you might say well I've got to go out and? 166: Feed 'em. Interviewer: Okay. 166: Cows will low when they get hungry. Interviewer: right. And if a hen or a nest of eggs is called a what? 166: Setting Interviewer: mm-kay And the place where the chickens live is a? 166: Chicken pen. Interviewer: #1 {D: No} # 166: #2 Chicken yard. # Interviewer: Okay and if it's small little shelter with a cover over it you might say it's a? 166: Well now sometime you can make 'em large with like they do with these chicken getting where they raise chickens. And then if you have just a few you have it small and mine still out here I've got {D: banners out there moose} got in a place about a little bit bigger than this room. yeah. Interviewer: Okay 166: And the floors just in there Interviewer: Is it a little house? #1 just like this? # 166: #2 uh-huh # Interviewer: What if it were just something about the size of this table #1 just a little # 166: #2 No its' # it's a little bit bigger than that just from here to under the shed and the rest of it then get out and the sun. Interviewer: uh-huh 166: That's just for 'em to roost. Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 166: #2 And then they # Put some hen nest on {X} Interviewer: Did you ever build something up just real small well you wouldn't call it maybe a chicken pen but a chicken c- 166: Yard. Uh you know when we was growing up though they didn't have they had chicken houses the chickens wouldn't know to go to roost and the chickens went loose and they laid anywhere they wanted to. Interviewer: {NW} 166: And it'd take you half the time getting out hunting eggs in the barn and under the house and around the house. They didn't have pens like they do now but they would have one chicken house. Put some {D:poles} in there and the chickens would go in there at night to roost. Wouldn't go outside the fence at all. Interviewer: Okay and did you ever hear of a place for maybe just one hen and uh her chickens 166: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 166: You put 'em in a we use to make little coops. Interviewer: #1 How? # 166: #2 {X} # coops chicken coops You'd cover 'em good you know and put a hen in there and the {biggest} until they got big enough to they can get out 'em then when you put 'em out they go back in there if it went to raining any time. Interviewer: mm-kay 166: I know all about chickens. {NS} Interviewer: #1 Alright # 166: #2 If they want a # {X} there more enough to live there and lay an egg too} Interviewer: um What do you call that part of the chicken that children like to have to pull it apart 166: Pulley bone. Interviewer: And is that supposed to be good luck or something? 166: They say it is. Interviewer: And which piece was it that was good luck the long one or the short one? 166: It was a breast right in here. Interviewer: Yes and when you broke it in two 166: mm-hmm Interviewer: Would you say the long you know one would get the long piece and one would get the short piece 166: The one that go the long one. Interviewer: The on the at got the long one was good luck? I never did know about that. um 166: They say horseshoes over the door are good luck too. Interviewer: Right. 166: People used to have 'em all the time. Interviewer: You don't have one I thought you 166: uh-huh don't have 'em now but they used to have 'em. Interviewer: {NW} uh The the parts {NS} um Do you remember calling the insides of a chicken or a pig or a calf all the kinds that could be cooked do you remember having a word for that? All of the part that would be good to eat. 166: It was good. Chickens good if you can clean 'em. Interviewer: {NW} 166: They are good if you can clean 'em but there's a job of cleaning. Interviewer: I bet so. 166: And there's the ribs. But the whole inside of that is good now you know the hams is different. Interviewer: #1 {D: Right} # 166: #2 {D: Middlings} # and hams and shoulders. Interviewer: #1 The outs- # 166: #2 But # now liver makes the best kind of hash. Interviewer: Did you make that? 166: Yeah I made Interviewer: #1 Now how do you make liver hash we never had that. # 166: #2 {X} # Oh that's the best stuff you take it in a cook it in all pieces You put you some onions in there and cook with it. some onions and salt and black pepper and ice potatoes. and cook in there and and mash it up and it's the best stuff you'll ever eat. Interviewer: #1 That sounds good. # 166: #2 {X} # all to pieces. Mash it up {with a masher} Interviewer: #1 Did you ever # 166: #2 I used to # make it all the time. Interviewer: Did you ever make anything out of the parts of the head cook the whole head? 166: I think I did make sows. Interviewer: Yeah that's what we call that too #1 siles. # 166: #2 Siles. # Interviewer: I heard that called different things you ever hear it called pressed meat 166: uh-huh Interviewer: #1 press meat # 166: #2 you press it and # Now you take it and cook it all in pieces and you can put a chicken in if you want it. Interviewer: #1 Oh really I didn't know that. # 166: #2 uh-huh # you make barbecue out of it. That's what they make most of the barbecue out of now. Interviewer: #1 Well what about # 166: #2 {X} # Interviewer: What about mince mince meat? Did you ever make mince meat out of the parts of a hogs head? 166: The feet? Interviewer: uh {NW} Uh well I don't know I have heard about using parts of the hog to make mince meat. You know like to make pies out of you didn't ever do that? 166: No we never did do that. Interviewer: I think that must be kind of a northern thing #1 my husband # 166: #2 That # must be um overseas thing. Interviewer: Well I my husbands family 166: But now you can take the feet and put in with the heads too and then you can uh take the feet and cook 'em by they self and pickle 'em. They're good. Interviewer: Right did you grind it up that meat like 166: uh-huh Interviewer: For the siles okay. 166: Make siles I used to say that. Interviewer: Yeah? Everybody when we kill hogs everybody want me to make sausage and I make the sausage too. Right. 166: They wanted sausage and siles and liver hash. Interviewer: That sounds good. 166: Onions goes with that, that's what makes you liver hash. Interviewer: I've never had it I've heard of it. 166: Well it's good. Interviewer: And if it's time to feed the uh the stock and do the chores you say well it's getting to be about 166: Time. Interviewer: mm-kay what time would you say about 166: Well I tell you I say pretty well all the time. {NW} {X} thing like that is all the time Interviewer: Um 166: Now in the farm it's time to go feed the chickens. Milk the cows Feed the hogs and water them. Now that's the way it is in the country all that is to do late and soon every morning. Interviewer: Right. and {NW} When you were calling the cows to come up from the pasture 166: {NW} {X} my voice for that. {NW} Interviewer: Well what about did you call differently when you were talking to the calves? 166: {NW} {NW} Interviewer: Okay What about to the horses or mules? 166: We'd call them by the name we had one named {B} had one named Pete. and different named come on here Pete. {NS} They knew their names just as good as we knew 'em. They didn't ever give us any trouble about that. Except for that one busted horrible. {NW} Interviewer: Alright and what would you say to a horse or a mule to make him go on and go faster? 166: Know you know you always have a line and hit 'em with that line. and then you got a stick Interviewer: Okay 166: And uh maybe you might jerk about the bridle. Interviewer: Okay 166: people does do that Interviewer: Alright something that you had that you'd hit 'em with would be a? 166: mm-hmm You'd have a switch or you can hit 'em with a line you know had to have a line if you're sitting in a buggy you got to have a line to hold 'em about you hit 'em with that. Interviewer: Okay and what would you say? to the horse? 166: Go on I believe go on or Interviewer: Get up 166: I reck- I reckon that's about right it may not be exactly right though. Interviewer: What would you tell 'em to go the right or to the left um? 166: No you pull 'em. Interviewer: oh 166: You don't ever tell 'em which way to go you just pull 'em and they know #1 which way to go. # Interviewer: #2 Okay # Okay or what about going {NW} Clucking do you ever remember people doing that to um to horses or mules to get 'em to go? 166: mm-hmm Interviewer: {NW} something What did you call that? Clucking cluck to the horse? 166: I reckon that they understood what it was but I don't know, can't remember now what it was for but but they knew what What it meant it meant to go on. Interviewer: Right and if you wanted 'em to stop you said? You pull the lines and tell 'em to stop. Okay and how would you tell 'em what would you say? 166: Just just say stop. Interviewer: oh or whoa? 166: Whoa they used to say whoa. Interviewer: okay how? 166: wre W-R-E wre. Interviewer: Okay. 166: Long time they people didn't have education and they just called 'em anything they wanted. Interviewer: Sure what what would you say to the pigs when the hogs it's time to feed them? 166: Oh {NW} we call 'em uh How did we call them pigs? How did we #1 {X it's been so long} # Interviewer: #2 seems to me {X} # Sure seems to me that I remember we would beat on the side of the trough but we used to call 'em too. 166: uh-huh Interviewer: Would you say something like {NW} or {NW} or You don't remember it's been a while huh? You haven't fed any pigs #1 lately? # 166: #2 pi- pi- # pigs that's what we called 'em. Interviewer: #1 Okay # 166: #2 pigs # and all over they would call them all pigs. Interviewer: Okay and you said you all didn't have sheep #1 you don't remember them don't you? # 166: #2 uh-uh no. # I don't know nothing about them thank goodness. Interviewer: But if you called the chickens you would say? 166: {NW} Interviewer: Okay and if they're big would you say bitties if they're little or? 166: mm-mm either one. Interviewer: Either one okay. And if they're going to get the horses or the mules ready to go somewhere you're going to put the stuff on them you'd say I've got to go? 166: Got to put the harness on them. Interviewer: mm-kay 166: Call it a harness {X} Interviewer: And if you are riding a horse the things that you hold in your hands are the? 166: and you use that to pull 'em the way you want now if you want 'em to go this way you pull this line and they both go that way going this way you pull that one but go but if you keep it straight they just go like straight. Interviewer: Right and uh you call 'em the lines? 166: mm-hmm Interviewer: And is that if you were riding in a wagon or a buggy or something? 166: That's the same thing. Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 166: #2 Yes # you got 'em by that uh line see it's tacked on to the bridle. {D: and see X} bridle right at the mouth. Interviewer: And uh if you're riding on a horse #1 would uh you still call it a bridle? # 166: #2 yeah you # you still got a bridle on it and you got a thing that goes around it this a way. Interviewer: Okay and uh are you liable to call the reins or you still say line? 166: The reins, reins uh-huh. Interviewer: Okay. What do you put your feet in when you're riding horseback? 166: Put 'em down side of this side {D: they've got a} thing there for you. to get on and put your feet in there. Interviewer: You remember what they call that thing that you put your foot in? 166: {NW} I don't know what the name of #1 that. # Interviewer: #2 Stirrup? # 166: It may be that. Interviewer: A what? 166: What what did #1 you say? # Interviewer: #2 I started to say stirrup. # 166: Yeah that's what it is. Interviewer: How did you say it? 166: {NW} Stirrup #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # And if you have two horses. uh And you're plowing say if they're plowing with two horses would you have a word to mean the horse on the left or the horse on the right? 166: Just pulling lines. Interviewer: uh-huh 166: Adam used to have a two horse plow. And that's the way he'd use them he'd pull 'em if they got too out of way they know where to go. But they knew just exactly what they were doing. Interviewer: Right. And you don't remember whether he called one of 'em the lead horse or the nigh horse or the near horse or anything? 166: The what? Interviewer: Do you remember whether he called one of them the lead horse? 166: No. I don't remember that when you pull on them things they both gonna be even unless one of 'em gets mad and gets to #1 cutting over. # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # Okay if something is not near at hand maybe at somebody else's house or something you might say oh it's just a 166: Step over there. Interviewer: Okay uh a little 166: path Interviewer: Okay or a little uh little ways little Alright. If you've been traveling and you haven't finished you're journey you might say you've got a long right before the dark you've got a 166: Long ways to go. Interviewer: Okay. And if something is very common you don't have to look for it 166: Mind the digging. Interviewer: Do you need to go 166: go down there I knew she'd go on your car had started to get up but I didn't know what she'd think. And I reckon he went down there. And they go and look behind {NS} Interviewer: It makes you wonder about what in the world {X} 166: company I couldn't talk right now. She's sitting on that porch. {X} Don't mind if she be sitting there when you leave. {NW} don't have to go to it {X} Interviewer: {NW} {X} If something is very common if you don't have to look for it in a special place you might say oh you can just find that about just about any? 166: I say about the best way to find it is hunting. Can't find it it's going walk off and leave it and then go back and you put your hands #1 on it. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # And if somebody said wonder where I could find a certain uh oh a something that I wanted to buy downtown and you might say oh you can just find that any 166: Any store. Interviewer: Okay anywhere any place any wheres how would you say that? 166: I say hardware for something you can find at hardware store or grocery store. Interviewer: Okay and if somebody slipped on the ice and fell like that you might say oh look he fell 166: Backwards. Interviewer: Alright or he fell? 166: Forward. Interviewer: And uh if somebody did not catch fish and they you might say did you catch any fish and you might say no a one. {NW} 166: Not a one. Interviewer: Okay. 166: {NW} Interviewer: Did you ever say uh narry one? Narry one? 166: Nah no I always say didn't catch a one. Interviewer: Okay. #1 And uh # 166: #2 {D: Didn't} # Have good luck. Interviewer: Okay 166: Either one of them will do. Interviewer: Okay. And if uh the school teacher fussed or scolded a boy and he uh he didn't think she should have he didn't think he'd done anything might say why is she blaming me I nothing wrong or I didn't do I how would you say that I? 166: {NW} didn't do it. Interviewer: okay 166: {NW} Interviewer: I uh if uh if somebody uh comes in and uh and accidentally knocks something off the table and is very sad about it and is apologizing and you might say oh that's alright I didn't uh I didn't like it 166: uh You couldn't help it. Interviewer: Okay and talking about the thing if they felt terrible you might say oh I really didn't like that any? 166: mm? Interviewer: Any? Would you say, #1 it wasn't # 166: #2 It didn't # I wanna say I know you couldn't help it, so just quit worrying about it. Interviewer: Okay. Uh A child who is crying and wanted something that somebody else had and he said Well he was eating candy but he didn't give me 166: None. Interviewer: Okay. And uh if you're talking about something that happens during the night. Uh You might say uh maybe something that you could hear that kept waking you up. And you might say Well uh I heard that all 166: All along But still you couldn't go back to sleep because you'd be thinking it might be something. Interviewer: Okay. Maybe you could hear the man's chickens over there, you might say All during or all through or all 166: You know I live by about nine roosters over there and nine hens and I don't hear one rooster. But Interviewer: What peace. 166: But you know, there are a lot of comfort in their crowing and calfing. Interviewer: #1 Yeah I heard that. # 166: #2 {X} # There's a lot of comfort in that. Interviewer: Kind of like being back out on the farm. 166: Uh-huh. Interviewer: Uh If you have uh, Did y'all have oats on the farm Miss {B} 166: What? Interviewer: Oaks, did y'all have oats? 166: Oh yeah we used to plant oats. Interviewer: And who 166: Cut 'em Interviewer: When you have to get the grains separated, how did you do that? 166: When you get them separated, just cut it and uh tied it. And put it in the barn for the mules. {X} that on mules and cows, just in great big barns that were tied between the {X} Interviewer: Okay. 166: Course I had to throw it all, and then they'd have to take a wagon and let it dry if it could. Take the wagon and haul it to the barn and put it up in the barn. Interviewer: Okay, and what about wheat? Did you raise wheat? 166: Yeah we raised wheat. Interviewer: And how'd you do about it, did you separate the grains? 166: Yeah we had, well we couldn't mix it you know. But we put it where the sun could shine on it until it got dry enough to take it and grind flour. Interviewer: Well how would you, if it's uh you're ready to have a machine come in maybe and separate the grain from the straw, what did you call that? 166: You couldn't do it. Interviewer: No? 166: You couldn't do it. Y'all would all had to go to {D:yelling} because they kept the {NW} grass out of it. Wheat and all. I have an idea and you might get a little bunch of something. If you did it, it would just grind all up because they didn't know where it was to separate it. Interviewer: Well um Did, with the 166: Cause if you do that just like you did uh oats. It gonna create big wads. Interviewer: How did that {X}? With a machine? 166: Uh-huh. Cut up with a machine. Interviewer: What, what kind of machine did they call that? 166: Oh I mean uh, just a Interviewer: {X} Oh 166: You'd have to cut grain really, is what it is. Did they call it a thresher? Did they call it a what? Interviewer: A threshing machine or a thresher? No? Just a {X} machine? 166: There was one more. It's the thing that you're cut the grain with. The grain cutter {X} Interviewer: Okay. 166: And that darn thing, I know it used to know but don't now. Interviewer: #1 And # 166: #2 I just # fool with it. Interviewer: Before you took it to the mill, you had to get the grain off of the stalk. 166: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: #1 How did they do that? # 166: #2 They thresh it. # Have thresher thresh it. Interviewer: Okay, how would you say that? 166: They threshed it all when it got dry and put them sacks. Interviewer: Okay. And uh If we had a job to do, the two of us are going to be working on something together, you might say, Well you and 166: You and me I reckon. Interviewer: You got to do something, okay. Uh, you're talking about um not just me, or just you, but uh might say, well this is for of us to do, this is for 166: The follower to do. Interviewer: Okay, but for the two of us, this is for 166: Both of us. Interviewer: Okay. And if some friends are coming, some friends of yours and you are coming over to see me, you might say Well there's one, one person you might say well and not are coming to see you, might say um 166: Looking for Looking for whoever name is, looking like Interviewer: Okay, you're talking about who is going to talk you to the doctor maybe 166: Uh, uh-huh There are, used to be Interviewer: Uh-huh So you might say well she and, are going out 166: Me and her and a boy. Interviewer: Okay. 166: Came to the doctor {X} Interviewer: Okay. 166: Since you're good to me. Interviewer: And if somebody knocks on the door and uh you say who's there, they might say it's 166: I wanna see who's that before I open my door now, but used to be I didn't think a thing about it. Uh you just go and open the door. Interviewer: Okay, and if you're comparing how tall somebody is, and uh you are taller than the other person, you might say well he's not as tall as 166: I am. And uh Interviewer: Uh then you might say to the other one, I'm not as tall as 166: You. Interviewer: Or talking about a man 166: Fella. Interviewer: Okay, is he I'm not as tall as he as him? 166: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Okay would you say that? Now would you say I'm not as tall as 166: As they are. Interviewer: Okay. And comparing how well you can do something? You might say oh He can do that better than 166: I can. Interviewer: Okay, and if a man had been running for two miles, and and then he had to stop, you would say, well two miles is all he could go, all the 166: I don't expect I'd make two miles running. Interviewer: Okay. 166: But we put two miles in it. Interviewer: Alright, would you say that's all the far, all the farthest he could go? 166: As far as he could go. Interviewer: How? 166: As far as he could go. Interviewer: Okay. 166: And then they risk it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And uh if something uh belongs to you, you would say, well that's 166: Mine. Interviewer: Or if it belongs to me you say that's 166: Hers Interviewer: Alright, or talking to me you'd say oh that's, that machine 166: #1 Yours. # Interviewer: #2 is # How? 166: Yours. Interviewer: Okay and if it's them across the street you'd say it's 166: Theirs. Interviewer: Okay. And if people have been to visit you and they're about to leave, you might say to them now back again. 166: Y'all come back again, some time this week, but don't mean it. Interviewer: Okay {NW} 166: When you work in the field like we used to, we didn't have time to sit down and think. Interviewer: You didn't have time to visit. 166: We visited at night or say bed time {X} nights. {X} We'd take time to visit. That's the only time we had to visit. Got the Sundays Interviewer: Uh What about uh if um if there's a car out there and you wonder whose it is, you might say Is that like the lady {X} 166: {X} Interviewer: She's wondering. 166: She gonna get him done got him out again. {NW} Interviewer: Okay well, if somebody comes in to the door several people and you see the car you might say is that car How would you ask 'em if it's theirs, is that car your 166: Yours Interviewer: Yours or you alls? 166: Say you alls. Interviewer: Uh would you say that? 166: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: You alls? 166: I don't believe I'd be that meddlesome. {NW} Interviewer: We wouldn't be that meddlesome, okay Uh if somebody had gone to a party, and you might want to find out about or the neighbor might want to find out let's say who had been there, you might say well now who might, was there, who? 166: I asked that a lot of times by summer school. {X} Interviewer: Okay well if you wanted somebody to tell you their name, you'd say who all, how would you say that? At the party last night, somebody else went and you didn't go, you say now tell me, who 166: Who was there? Interviewer: Alright. 166: {X} Well they gotta stand up, now they sit back down. {NW} Interviewer: What about if you were asking about, you might say who was there or would you say, say who was there just as likely to say who all was there? 166: Now that's just a special {X} the way I do. Interviewer: Okay. And if you're asking about uh what someone had said, maybe the speaker, you might say now what did he say? 166: I say give a good talk because I you need some {X} Monday night, and I had a big uh to do everything or big speaker from way off and he gave a good talk too. Interviewer: Well how would you say if you didn't get to go, and you wanted to know about it, you might say well now, did he say? What would you put to ask that question? 166: I just said I didn't have any way to go. Interviewer: Uh-huh, and if you wanted somebody to tell you about it, you say now what, what did he say? How would you say that? What? Would you say what did he say or what all did he say or Which? 166: If you give good talks what I'd say. Interviewer: Okay. And uh if the children or some young people parents are dead, and uh you might say well there's nobody else to look out for them, they've got to look out for 166: Themselves. Interviewer: Okay, and if no one else would do it for him, you might say well he better do it 166: Himself. Interviewer: Okay and what do you call the bread that is made from flour and baked into loaves? 166: Call it bread, bread, the flour is from wheat. Interviewer: Okay what would you 166: Bread is from corn. Corn. Interviewer: Okay what do you call the kind that is made from wheat? What different things do you make from wheat? 166: Flour. Interviewer: And uh what thing to eat do you make from the flour? 166: Biscuits. Interviewer: Okay. Did you ever make loaves? 166: Yeah. Interviewer: What would you call that? 166: Uh Momma used to make 'em {X} then it was a {X} and it'd be light bread now. Interviewer: The kinds you 166: I don't know what they called it then. They'd let it sour and all you know, yeast. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Your mother used to make it? 166: Yeah. Interviewer: Did you ever make it? 166: I don't know, I don't remember what I ever made any, no, I might have helped her and I might have made some But it's yeast bread, that's what they used to call it. Interviewer: Okay. And uh what else besides biscuits do you bake from flour? 166: Well you make dumplings and pie crusts and Interviewer: How, or what do you put dumplings in? 166: You put in chicken. Interviewer: Did you ever put it in uh 166: Beans, it's good in beans. Interviewer: You fix it in vegetables sometimes? We never had that, I've never 166: Butter beans and snap beans, that was good to put them in. Interviewer: And you make just like a 166: Just like another dumpling, just like chicken dumplings. Interviewer: Did you uh uh Well the kind that was made from wheat then was 166: Some type of flour or plain, either one. We used to make it plain but before we {X} they gotta self rise and {NW} Interviewer: And if you made it not from wheat but from corn, it was not flour but 166: Corn, it's a cornbread. Interviewer: Mm-kay, and uh Did you ever make different kinds of cornbread miss {C:name} 166: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: What different kinds? 166: Well got your milk bread you mix, break a egg you know and make milk bread out of it. Interviewer: And how was that cooked in the oven? 166: Uh-huh. I cook it now, cook enough to make for two or three days at one time. And just put it in the refrigerator and I just cut a whole slice in the morning. Rather than cook so many hoe cake. {X} Interviewer: Right, they had to make hoe cakes on top? 166: Top. Interviewer: Is that the little patties? 166: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Did you make anything else out of corn meals besides cornbread and hoe cakes? You remember anything else? 166: No, that's all I've ever made, I cornbread. Interviewer: Do you, did you ever hear any called 166: They just said, they didn't self rising too. Interviewer: Right, now you used have to put something in it. 166: Now it's uh some meal and some corn bread some meal and flour in my milk bread. Interviewer: Do you ever hear it called {X} 166: No I never have heard of that. Interviewer: Do you ever remember having any cooked in the fireplaces instead of on the stove? 166: I know a long time ago we took cornbread out and just a bunch of us and mama made it out in great big prongs about that long and about that big and put it in the stove or around the stove and cook it there about the best bread you could eat. It was just plain, plain old bread. And we'd enjoy it better than this now. Course you can't get meal and you get that tiny you can't eat it. Of course. Oh fine. Interviewer: Did you ever in seeing it cooked on the fireplace or in the fire? 166: Oh yeah. We used to cook it, get a high coal, light oak coal and cook it on the fireplace. Interviewer: What would you put in there to cook it on? 166: Just a regular old spider. and put a little grease on that Did the same thing, turn it over and let it cook on the other side. Interviewer: If the spider had legs on it, it was a little 166: Uh-huh. Interviewer: And it would sit over the {X} Do you use the spider? 166: We used it to bake potatoes in it. Interviewer: In the spider? 166: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Did it have a lid? 166: Yeah it had a lid. And then there's a plain spider, we used to cook 'em on just a regular plain spider. Interviewer: But a spider always had legs, you would never use it on a stove, just for the fireplace. 166: That's right, the old people used to use it most of the time. Interviewer: Okay. And uh what about uh, did you ever hear any called corn and dodger or anything like that? 166: Oh that was the best things you could make. Interviewer: Now what, tell me about that. 166: We use 'em in turnips. Interviewer: Well what's that, is that, a lot of dumplings? 166: You would have some salt and black pepper and some green onions and flatten this thing like this and you cut those open there and you drop 'em over in your tongs ain't that right fresh. Interviewer: That's right, dumplings. Only dumplings are made with from flour. 166: Neither, nuh-uh. Don't have no flour in that. Interviewer: Oh. Dumplings? 166: Just roll, roll 'em out. Interviewer: The corn dodger? 166: Uh-huh, put it in that stew And they are good and so you take your turnips out Or you can leave the turnips in there and let 'em cook together but that'll take mighty. Then let the let 'em cook. Interviewer: Now was that cooked with the root of the turnip or the turnip tops? 166: Mostly the tops, they're young, young. Mostly they're bitter, but now you can eat them and eat 'em all. Interviewer: Did you ever put the roots in or did you eat the tops mostly? 166: I use the roots too. Interviewer: Uh-huh okay. And if there's two kinds of bread, there's homemade bread and the kind that you buy at the store. What do you call the, how do you say well this is not homemade, it's 166: {X} What you have at home, now I'd say it's homemade. Interviewer: Okay and you're telling somebody that it's not homemade, you might say this is not homemade bread, it's 166: Sort of like the question from yesterday I went to a Sunday school place meeting and got hold of some uh cookies and was bragging on them cookies and I tell Oh whoever made these are so good. Interviewer: {NW} 166: I said, well, I didn't make 'em. Said where'd you get 'em I bought 'em. {NW} Interviewer: Well would you say it's store It's not homemade, it's store 166: Yeah I'd say store. Interviewer: Store bought? 166: From the store, bought it. Interviewer: Okay. What about that kind of uh of a thing that's made with a hole in the middle. You make them? 166: No I don't make them. Interviewer: What'd you call 'em? Just donut? 166: I, donut. Interviewer: Did your mother ever make any like that 166: Uh-huh. But she'd uh make tea cakes and she'd cut out you know like a head and a body and arms and legs She used to do that. Interviewer: What'd she call that? 166: Tea cakes. Interviewer: Tea cakes. 166: But sometimes at the beginning of the cakes she'd put ginger. Interviewer: It was sweet roll too, like a cookie. 166: And that cookie don't wanna such with that name. #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Sounds good to me. Alright, and the kind that you make up with a batter and you fry uh fry three or four of 'em at a time and you may put something on top of the butter and pour something on them. For breakfast usually. They put syrup on them or something. 166: It's syrup. Pancakes is what you're talking about. Interviewer: Okay. 166: If you was ever put on syrup. Interviewer: Do you remember any other words for pancakes? 166: Pancake. Interviewer: Do you remember any, did you call pancakes anything else a long time ago? You ever called flap- 166: Yeah we used to make pancakes lots. Interviewer: Do you remember calling them anything besides pancakes? 166: Patty cakes, I called them patty cakes and pancakes. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay what about uh fritters or flitters uh is that something different? Well You never used the words flitters or fritters? For anything you cooked? 166: Well I've heard of them but I don't know how they're made. Interviewer: Okay. Well if you went to the store to buy uh flour, you might say I want to buy two what of flour? 166: Two pack, two different kinds. Interviewer: Uh-huh, and a measure, some amount like two or five uh you wouldn't get it in gallons you would get in what, say I want five 166: Small ones. Interviewer: Uh The uh amount of flour that you buy you'd say I want a a five. 166: Two pound, I want two pounds. Interviewer: Okay. And the the yeast that you were talking about, how would you buy it, you'd say I want a, of yeast. 166: Well you buy the yeast and you keep it and whenever you make up your dough for your first, first much you put some of that out and just keep putting it out and putting it out. Finally it gets too old and you have to start again. You have to let it stay out all night 'til it rise. Interviewer: And uh the inside of an egg is what? 166: Yellow. Interviewer: Okay. And the white part you call the it's the 166: It's the white. Interviewer: White. And uh uh if you cook eggs in hot water, with the shells on them, you 166: Boiling 'em. Interviewer: And if you break the shell, and let it fall out in hot water 166: No, I just take mine out and put it in cool water and let it cool until shell off of 'em. Interviewer: Okay but, if you don't hard boil them, you take the raw egg the uncooked egg and crack the shell and let it go down in hot water and cook that way, what do you call that? You know for {D: invalids} a lot of times they make 'em. 166: I know what they're called but I can't think right now. Interviewer: You know, fix uh, poached. 166: Po- t uh. Mm it's not a paunched no. something like that long ago, toast or something. Interviewer: Uh like for to put off 166: I don't ever fix anything like that. Don't need 'em, I got disgusted with eggs Don't even eat eggs. Interviewer: Okay. And if the uh fat salt pork, what do you call that? 166: Ham. Interviewer: Okay and not the ham, the kind maybe that you cook with vegetables. 166: Oh that's the {X} Interviewer: Mm-kay. 166: It's what they called fat back then. Interviewer: Okay. And uh if you've gotten the mitten is the whole p- the whole side um when you cut the side of a hog up do you what do you call that, you say you've got the hams and the shoulders and the 166: Mutlins. Interviewer: Okay. And the very outside part of the mutlins, the skin is the #1 You say that, that # 166: #2 The skin. # Interviewer: cut off the bacon. The skin? 166: Yeah that, I guess they have a when there's {X} they can, they get the What part of the hog? They get it from the middling. Interviewer: The bacon? 166: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Okay. And uh Um If meat has been kept too long, you'd say this meat has 166: Gone hard. Interviewer: Okay. Or if it doesn't smell good you might say 166: Spoiled Interviewer: It's what? 166: Spoiled. Interviewer: Okay. 166: Can you choose, you can't keep meat these days You don't get no good meat. Cause have to have colder stores. Interviewer: Yeah. 166: And you bring it out and take half of that if it turns hard, it spoils. Interviewer: And uh when you fixed it on the farm, you would take it and put it where? 166: Cold storage. Interviewer: But way back before you had cold storage? 166: A long time ago we didn't do that, they kept it at home, the weather was suitable to keep it at home. But long time before we quit raising hogs, we had to take it to the cold storage. and the meat {X} Didn't have no good red gravy like you used to have. Interviewer: And where did you keep it when you hung up your hams and 166: In the smoke house, out of the house. Interviewer: Mm-hmm And you said you made uh sauce and and uh um 166: Liver pudding. Interviewer: Right, did you ever make anything called head cheese? 166: No I never had that one. That could be something called head cheese cause it's the same thing. Interviewer: Okay and did you ever take uh the juice out of the liver pudding or from the the sauce and stir it up with corn meal and cook anything? 166: Mm-mm. No whenever I made it I just cooked it down so low it wouldn't be no juice in it and then put my mixture in it. Course I cooked out everything. Nice potatoes. They would, they would get nearly done when they They were just never done. I put that in there, let them cook 'til it's done. I used a lot of that stuff. Interviewer: Okay what about if you kept butter too long, how would you say the butter is not good. You say it's 166: Well it's just old. Interviewer: Okay You say the butter's old? 166: It don't get old now cause stick it in the refrigerator, used to be we just had to keep it kneaded, that's how I would get rid of it. Interviewer: Right, where would you keep it before you had a refrigerator? 166: Just down the {X} Interviewer: #1 Did you ever # 166: #2 {X} # Interviewer: Did you ever have a place outside where there was water? What about What about way down maybe in the woods somewhere maybe there'd be a stream and maybe have a little house built over it, you didn't have it? 166: Uh-uh. We just kept it in our house with churns and use it everyday I mean you not with children. It didn't stay that long. So where you got a crowd of children, eat a pound a day. Interviewer: Sure, Miss {B} Did you ever have a place under the house, before you had a basement, you had something you called a cellar? 166: Mm-mm. Interviewer: Okay. 166: Never had nothing 'til we got a refrigerator, where made us a box a long time ago to put in the house and kept it in there when I began to sell it. I don't {X} just have to just milk is just what you could use to Interviewer: Okay. What about thick sour milk that you keep on hand maybe? What would you call that? 166: It's not good. It's not good to cook with. That is too sour. Now we used to keep ours in the well. Tie down a jug and put it down in the well. Interviewer: That'd keep it cold? 166: Mm-hmm yeah. {X} Interviewer: And what kind of uh of cheese, did you ever make any homemade cheese? from clabber milk maybe make a cottage cheese, anything like that? Okay. And uh as, what's the first thing you do after you, with the milk after you milk the cows, you pour it 166: Strain it. Interviewer: Alright. And what about, what are the, what's something that is uh, a dessert that's made from apples, different kinds of desserts that you make from apples? 166: Tell you the truth I don't do that. Interviewer: You don't bake apples, do you ever remember 166: I, I used to make apple pie- uh parish. {X} What you call it. Apple. No pear relish. I used to make apple relish when we was on the farms and {NS} Interviewer: That was seed with meat. 166: Uh-huh. Interviewer: But you didn't make anything {NW} 166: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 166: {D:purt flour} pies and I used to like apples and peaches too. And they cooked a Interviewer: How is, how is an apple puff cooked? 166: Uh just call 'em apple puffs. Interviewer: Did you use uh something poured over that? 166: No, you had to boil them, you put 'em out and dry 'em. Get get 'em good and dry and then you put 'em up and whenever you want to cook some, take 'em out and boil them. Put your sugar in there then get 'em good and sweet and cook 'em good. Interviewer: And you cooked them in a pastry, did you add dough? 166: Cooked 'em just like they do now, they'll just roll the dough out, put them in the fire. Interviewer: If somebody has a real good appetite, you might say he really likes to put away his talking about somebody that really does eat a lot. He really likes to put away the 166: Food. Interviewer: Okay, do you ever say {D:vittles}? 166: Sometimes I do. Interviewer: Uh What about a sweet liquid that you might make with sugar and uh milk or cream maybe nutmeg that you might pour over dessert or pie, did you ever make something like that? Uh What about um 166: Tell you I haven't baked a cake I bet you in twenty years. Interviewer: Well. 166: As soon as I'd been gone, my daughter and, now every time she comes she brings me cake. Things like that. Interviewer: Uh 166: The neighbors they'd bring me cake and things, I don't like to cook much. Interviewer: Uh what do you call food that you take in between regular meals, say maybe sit down and just have a just a little bit of 166: #1 Sandwich. # Interviewer: #2 something. # Okay. Would you ever say just a might or snack or would you ever say piecing? 166: Well I'm eating um crackers now. Three crackers. Snack. Interviewer: Um And uh When, when do you have your meals, how do you say like every morning at seven o'clock or 166: I get up every morning at six or seven o'clock, I eat my breakfast and eleven o'clock I eat my dinner five o'clock I eat my supper. Interviewer: Okay I think 166: Got any people living around here but some nieces. Interviewer: Alright um Did you ever eat uh, what drink do you have with breakfast? 166: Coffee. {NS} Nothing but black coffee. Interviewer: Oh yeah. And if you were out working in the yard and you get thirsty, you may come in and have a 166: Coke. Interviewer: Okay or sometimes just all you want is just plain 166: Water. Interviewer: And if you do, you drink it out of a Drink water out of a 166: Glass. I think chocolate milk, I eat breakfast every morning {X} No, that's the only way I can get any strength to get started, some chocolate milk. Interviewer: Well that's good too. 166: Which I drank that out of a glass. Interviewer: And um if you drop a glass, why it may 166: May spill everything. {NW} Interviewer: Right, and what may happen to the glass itself, it may You say that oh look, that glass 166: Is gone Interviewer: It 166: When I need to throw something away. Interviewer: {NW} That glass Bro- 166: Broke. Interviewer: Okay. And oh I didn't mean to You might say oh I didn't mean to 166: Say such and such a thing Interviewer: Alright if you didn't mean to drop the glass and it did break you might say I didn't mean to break 166: I don't believe anybody intends to break one, but they're Interviewer: #1 Right # 166: #2 about to # some time anyways. Interviewer: Alright. And you say um Oh um Every time I take down off that uh uh top shelf why, I seem to break it or I have Every time I take it down from there I have dropped it and 166: Broken. Interviewer: Okay. And uh You might say if you If you drink a lot of uh of chocolate milk you might say all my life I have 166: No, I just drunk it for the last few years. Interviewer: Oh 166: Just got started on it the last seven or eight years. Interviewer: Okay. 166: {NW} For the five I would keep my going till lunch, sure. Interviewer: And if you have uh company come for dinner, when dinner's on the table, and everybody's standing around, what do you say to them tell them to come to the table, you might say come on and 166: Sit down. Have a seat. Interviewer: Okay. 166: They can't get around my kitchen's too small. Interviewer: And uh Then uh then after someone, when the table and he pulled out the chair and he 166: Turned it over. Interviewer: Okay or just he got in the chair and sat down, you'd say he sat at the table and just started to eat, say that for me, he s 166: He started to eat. Interviewer: Okay and he got in the chair and s 166: Sit down. Interviewer: How's that? 166: Sit down. Interviewer: Okay. And yesterday he 166: Spilled something {NW} Interviewer: Okay And you wanna say every time he comes to my house he uh he sits in that chair, yesterday he in that chair. 166: In that chair with his foot on it. Interviewer: Alright, how would you say he s the word sit in there, yesterday he what? 166: He sit. Interviewer: How? 166: Sit. Interviewer: Okay and he has Everyday, he has what in that chair? 166: One chair. Interviewer: Okay, he has how do you say that? He has 166: One chair he sits in it. Interviewer: Okay. And uh if you want to tell people to get food from the different things on the table, you might say you go ahead and 166: Help yourself. Interviewer: Okay. And uh after he had already helped himself, would you say, how would you say, after you've already helped yourself Pass it own to 166: Pass it on down {X} And ask them what they want to drink. Interviewer: Okay. And if you decide not to eat something and somebody says oh won't you have some of this you might say oh no I don't for any, I don't 166: And say you better had, better eat or something like that. Interviewer: And if somebody's trying to tell you to eat something and you don't want it you might say oh no thank you I don't 166: Don't want it, don't eat it, get indigestion. Interviewer: Okay. And uh food that's cooked and served a second time, what do you say that is? 166: Leftovers. Interviewer: Okay. And if it's been heated a second time you might say it's been {NS} 166: Don't eat enough. Interviewer: Okay. 166: I don't like it by the second day, no way. Interviewer: Right. 166: But I do eat it. Well I eat only things two days and then I put it up come back to it some other time. Interviewer: Right. If you put food in your mouth then you begin to uh 166: {NW} Chew. Interviewer: Chew and then uh What about a dish that was made out of meal a long time ago kind of like a a cereal. 166: Isn't that chalk? Interviewer: Uh Well, I I don't know. Maybe take cornmeal and put milk and water in it and heat it. Something they fix for invalids sometimes. Um 166: It's soup, kind of a soup. Interviewer: Kind of like soup but just with cornmeal, not with vegetables in it, do you make 166: No I don't, I don't but you know my momma would live with us where she wanted. Interviewer: What would she call that? 166: Uh soup. Interviewer: Really? 166: Really soup you know. But they just Had the water hot put a little salt and black pepper in there, stir it up {X} and anything, I don't know what you would call it. Interviewer: Okay did you ever have mush? 166: A kind of a mush, yeah just a mush. Now that's all she wanted, and she got soup. {NW} Interviewer: When you live in the country all of your your um peas and beets and so forth in you grow them out in the 166: Garden. Interviewer: Okay and you call all of them together, all of the different homegrown things in the garden, you call 166: Everything different. Interviewer: Uh-huh. But all of them, what's the word that means all of them? Candied your peas or carrots you say, well I got to go out and pick some 166: Peas or butter beans dig some nice potatoes. Interviewer: And what kind of soup do you call that kind that has all the different ones cut up 166: Vegetable soup. Interviewer: How's that? 166: Vegetable soup, that's what I had for dinner if I didn't have enough time to fix nothing else. Interviewer: Yes, cause we talked too long. 166: Canned or jarred soup that I made myself. But you got all the vegetables in it. Interviewer: And uh what about the um the typical Southern food that we think about having down here with sausage and eggs or bacon and eggs, generally you have for breakfast in the South, white 166: {NW} I don't have enough for a piece of toast That's all I eat for breakfast, now I used to eat soup but that's just gone up Lemon high last time I just heat 'em up toast, and then drink my milk like earlier. Interviewer: What about grits? 166: I don't like grits but sometimes I fix myself for a stuffy nose. Some nights when my throat hurts. I'd eat them the right way with scrambled eggs. Interviewer: Right.