Interviewer:  uh along with your meat for supper you might have a baked
176:  Baked ham.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or #1 a #
176:  #2 {X} # a
Interviewer:  Uh what uh kind of vegetable would you bake
176:  Baked potato.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh there what kinds of potatoes
176:  Sweet potatoes. Or uh I- uh Irish
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 potatoes. #
Interviewer:  And uh do you ever call sweet potatoes anything else?
176:  Uh there's another name for 'em but I can't think now right
Interviewer:  #1 Alright. #
176:  #2 now. #
Interviewer:  Have you ever do you just call 'em yams?
176:  Yams
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 that's right. #
Interviewer:  And when are they yams and when are they sweet potatoes?
176:  #1 Well I #
Interviewer:  #2 Or are they # interchangeable?
176:  They're they're uh there's a difference, I think they're different potatoes, it's it they call a yam and a and a sweet potato.
Interviewer:  Uh uh-huh.
176:  They uh there's a yellow yam
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  you know that they call
Interviewer:  They call 'em
176:  #1 yams, uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  What about what is the white thing that you uh when you peel it it makes you- eyes water? {D: so they}
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  it's an onion.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh what about the little ones that uh that you have uh certain time of the year, what are they called? The little green ones
176:  Little uh uh multiplying onions or uh they call that and then they call um
Interviewer:  The little white ones with the
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  {D: stalk}
176:  Yeah what is that?
Interviewer:  Um you ever call a spring onion?
176:  Spring onion
Interviewer:  Or green onion?
176:  Green onions {NS} {D: Uh-huh.}
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh-huh. But you'd also call 'em multiplying onions?
176:  Yes.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 Uh-huh. #
176:  {D: Yeah you trying to let} uh you put down it's and they come out, just make a s- lot of little one's you see and when they spring up, I mean when they come up make a lot of 'em. Little top {NS}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {D: I haven't}
176:  And just one little they have a little kind of root on it
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
176:  white root.
Interviewer:  {D: That seems} {X} What kind of um what is one of the vegetables that you'd use when you want to make a soup? A a gumbo soup. well we use tomatoes and okra and uh uh most any kind of vegetable
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # just anything you want
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 to throw in or anything you got #
176:  potato- potatoes or
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  {X} most any kind of vegetable that you got you oughta put in there.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Um if you uh {D: what if a} plum or sitting around it would dry up and what? Um if it just uh dries up to nothing you say it's {X} is there another term for drying up? That that you'd {X} Instead of saying
176:  Shriveled up?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Um what are the uh vegetables that come in large leafy heads that you cook with ham?
176:  Well uh cabbage and uh collards.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. And uh let's see when what what would you uh doing stuff when we were talking this morning you were
176:  Shelling peas.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh what do you call the outside after you the pea and what do you call the out-
176:  The hull.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um {D: let's see} well what do you call the what do you call a large flat thing that you don't eat in the pod? You shell it.
176:  Uh butterbeans.
Interviewer:  Uh what about the kind of beans that you eat pod and all?
176:  Well that's uh {NS} uh English peas.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or uh what about um what about another kind of bean {X} {NS}
176:  Yeah oh uh snap bean.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And you're gonna eat, eat {X}
176:  The eat the outside and the in-
Interviewer:  snap 'em and #1 wash 'em. #
176:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  {X} Um what u- what do you you take the tops off turnips and cook them and make a mess of
176:  Of the {D: uh} to make salad. Yeah salad out of the tops.
Interviewer:  And
176:  #1 And then you #
Interviewer:  #2 what about #
176:  can cook the {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-
176:  #1 And #
Interviewer:  #2 huh. #
176:  eat them too.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what do you ever call turnips anything else?
176:  {D: No uh}
Interviewer:  A mess of turnips or a mess of {NS}
176:  Mess of turnips or a mess of collards or
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  #1 Mess of #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: do you ever} #
Interviewer:  ever call 'em greens? {X}
176:  yeah. Greens. That's what I say, a mess of greens,
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 a mess of #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS}
176:  turnips, or mustard
Interviewer:  What about the uh green stuff that you put in salad? It's crisp and leafy.
176:  Uh that's um lettuce.
Interviewer:  And if uh {X} how how do you refer to it as a a what of lettuce? Um
176:  A head of lettuce.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh had do you ever uh have you ever referred to um um to say if the boys and girls together, some chil- a group of children have you ever referred to 'em or heard referred to 'em as um so many heads? Heads of children? Have you ever h- heard this term? Refer to a group of children as so many heads of children? Like five heads of children?
176:  No I don't think I ever heard that that expression. A group of children.
Interviewer:  I suppose, uh-huh. A group of children. So many heads of children. If there were five children then you'd say well I've got five heads of children.
176:  Well I guess that would be a
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 good way to # express
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 it but #
Interviewer:  {X} I had never
176:  #1 I have never #
Interviewer:  #2 heard of it either #
176:  {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-uh.
176:  {X} {NS} hear
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 that. #
Interviewer:  Never heard that? What about um um do you ever use the word passel
176:  What?
Interviewer:  passel A passel of
176:  A passel
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  I've heard that word
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  expressed but I don't know how it was used, I I just don't remember. A passel of well I've heard the expression
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. I have I've heard that too I believe but I I {D: must be not remember that} Um {NS} well what do you call the top of a corn stalk?
176:  Tassel.
Interviewer:  And uh the stringy stuff on the side of an ear of corn is the
176:  Is the uh uh
Interviewer:  Um {D: it's off the little cloth}
176:  Yeah. It's uh the um silk.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh okay um what about let's see Halloween is just around the corner. What would you make a jack-o-lantern out of? {X} you hang a jack-o-lantern in your window.
176:  Pumpkin.
Interviewer:  And uh what is another kind of a a small yellow crook-necked
176:  Squash.
Interviewer:  And now what are some different kind of melons that you {X} melons that you
176:  Uh watermelon.
Interviewer:  Uh anything smaller maybe?
176:  Yeah
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 the um #
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  there's um the honeydew melon.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And there's um the refrigerator melon they call it.
Interviewer:  What's that?
176:  Well it's a small melon you you can p- use 'em you can put 'em in the refrigerator
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  But small, that's {X} reason why they call
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 'em. #
Interviewer:  Uh have you ever heard of a mushmelon?
176:  Mushmelon, yeah. Yeah
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {D: melon} #
Interviewer:  how how is that different from watermelon?
176:  Well it's uh it's kind of on the cantaloupe uh order that it grows uh long. A mushmelon grows long.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  A- but it's kinda on the cantaloupe uh
Interviewer:  More like that?
176:  Yeah. More like
Interviewer:  Did y'all ever grow those?
176:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see um okay now this is something a little bit different, this is getting like more into uh woods um, about to do a walk into the woods now. Um if uh {NS} wha- well what do you call the little thing in the woods that you can eat that's umbrella-shaped? The little white um uh it turns up in the uh woods after a rain. And
176:  A mushroom.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Now what about, what do you call the kind that you can't eat? That's poisonous? Um i- it looks the same thing but sometimes it's a little larger.
176:  {D: uh}
Interviewer:  Maybe it's poisonous.
176:  I don't know I can't remember what the name of them are.
Interviewer:  Uh have you ever heard heard it referred to as a toadstool?
176:  Toadstools. That's right.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Or frogstools?
176:  Frogstools.
Interviewer:  #1 You've heard of these #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  Um what are uh after you have you ever heard of different or just what are some names of owls? The bird
176:  Owls?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, that you've ever known that nightbirds like
176:  Uh well there's a hoot owl.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And um there's there's several different uh species of owl
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  but now I know the the one that makes you know
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  makes the noise, hoots.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  It's called a hoot owl. And there's others that I did once know but I can't think
Interviewer:  Uh what about a screech owl? Have you
176:  Screech owl, yes.
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 I've he- # yeah
Interviewer:  #1 Now think of #
176:  #2 couldn't think of #
Interviewer:  some kind of a a {X} {D: kind of about a} screech owl {X} when you hear it it means death?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Have you heard of
176:  Well if it comes in the house, I've heard that.
Interviewer:  Right. Uh-huh.
176:  {X}
Interviewer:  Didn't it mean that there's death in the family?
176:  #1 Yes. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  Yeah I've heard that.
Interviewer:  Uh- #1 huh. #
176:  #2 I # don't know whether that's true or not.
Interviewer:  Yeah. I I've heard that too. Um what do you call the kind of bird that drills holes in trees?
176:  Woodpecker.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh have uh you ever heard it any- called anything else besides woodpecker?
176:  Yeah there's another one there's um sapsucker they call 'em.
Interviewer:  Sapsucker?
176:  Yeah. {D: it it's because}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  #1 {D: rose ends of the} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about have you ever heard the term peckerwood? Changing it around?
176:  {X} Yeah I've heard peckerwoods.
Interviewer:  Well have you ever heard it referred to to people?
176:  No,
Interviewer:  A class of people?
176:  no I don't
Interviewer:  Just to the bird?
176:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what is the black and white animal that gives off a a strong odor?
176:  Skunk.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about any other term {X}
176:  #1 That's a #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  that's a um
Interviewer:  {D: you know uh} besides skunk, sort of I guess a plain term something {X} Or have you ever heard of it called anything else?
176:  It's a skunk {NS} I believe that's all I've
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Have you ever heard it called a polecat?
176:  Polecat! I've
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 I- yeah # yeah! Yeah. Yeah a polecat.
Interviewer:  {NW}
176:  That's right.
Interviewer:  Um what do you call the kind of animal that would come and raid a hen a henhouse?
176:  That's a a possum.
Interviewer:  A possum? Uh-huh. Um let's see um and now let's see, you got some of these out here in the trees and they climb trees. Uh the bushy-tailed animal that hops around the trees?
176:  That's a squirrel.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um are they different colors? {X}
176:  well the most of 'em are the same colors, you have a gray squirrel.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see what about uh {NS} another kind of animals that looks like sort of like a squirrel but it doesn't climb trees? Um it stays on the ground.
176:  Rabbit?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  It's that color, they
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 got that #
Interviewer:  #1 They got that #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  color? Uh-huh. Um let's see, we can skip some of these {X}
176:  There is a red squirrel, they call a red squirrel.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  It's it's uh fur is has more
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 brownish-reddish #
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  you know
Interviewer:  Were there were there any are there any of those around here?
176:  Yeah. Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  But not that many?
176:  Not that many. Uh-uh, there's not too many. People kill 'em and eat 'em. They're larger than a than the
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
176:  #2 cat # squirrels.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  These are called cat squirrels here.
Interviewer:  The gray ones?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {X} I wonder why.
176:  I don't know either,
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 that's what they #
Interviewer:  #1 cat's get #
176:  #2 call 'em #
Interviewer:  after 'em
176:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 or something. #
176:  I {NS}
Interviewer:  Um what do you call the uh well just what are some seafoods that you can get around here or maybe way out in Darien or somewhere? What would be
176:  Well the oysters and um mullet fish and uh different uh {NS} um brim and uh and uh mackerel, mackerel.
Interviewer:  What about um a sort of a fan-shaped {X}
176:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Um seafood
176:  Uh sheep head? Yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, what's what is that?
176:  That's a fish.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh uh I can't think now the name
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} # think of.
Interviewer:  Um
176:  #1 but uh #
Interviewer:  #2 what uh #
176:  {X} uh
Interviewer:  What about the little the little pink with the vein? Uh some people eat 'em raw then
176:  Oh that you thinking about the goldfish? That they put in
Interviewer:  #1 Well #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  no um let's see this is just something, they're kind of um kind of curled and you eat 'em um
176:  Oh that's uh shrimp.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Uh what about if you had what ha- let's see you would refer to one as a a shrimp. What would you refer to
176:  {NW}
Interviewer:  how do you refer to like if you have a plate let's say fifteen or twenty that you were about to eat then say what would the plural form be of uh shrimp? How would how would you refer to a plate of
176:  Shrimp?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. More than one {D: just works the same way}
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Um what do you call the um that little animal that that sits out on a say a lily pad or something or another, in a pond?
176:  Frog.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Are there any other different kinds of terms for it besides just a
176:  #1 Well #
Interviewer:  #2 frog? #
176:  bullfrog and a
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh what about little ones? Uh are they different from bullfrogs?
176:  Yeah
Interviewer:  #1 They have a #
176:  #2 yeah. #
Interviewer:  different name?
176:  Yeah, but I can't think of the name of the other ones now. The little green frog, they call 'em
Interviewer:  Green frogs? Uh-huh. Um now what about is there a do you have another name for a a brownish-color that would give you warts if you touch it? {D: The po-}
176:  That's a
Interviewer:  Have you ever heard of it called a toad?
176:  Toad! That's
Interviewer:  #1 or a toad- #
176:  #2 what it's called #
Interviewer:  frog?
176:  Toadfrog! {X}
Interviewer:  And we how do how do you usually say it?
176:  #1 Toad- #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  toadfrog.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, you usually say toadfrog?
176:  #1 Uh-huh #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. # and uh it's supposed to give you warts.
176:  That's what they say.
Interviewer:  {X} Uh what about the um the hard little hard-shelled animal that pulls its neck and legs in when you touch it?
176:  That's a turtle.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And
176:  Or a gopher.
Interviewer:  Or a gopher. Uh-huh. #1 {D: It's a} #
176:  #2 There's # turtles and then there's gophers.
Interviewer:  And there in what's the difference between
176:  Well the the gopher ma- is larger than the turtle.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. And are there both kinds around here? {NS}
176:  Yeah. Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {X}
176:  The gophers dig holes and make nests down in the ground.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. What um are the if you were going fishing and you wanted to get you some um something to to {NS} to catch fish with what would you dig for?
176:  Hook and oh worms.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 Uh # earthworms.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh let's see {D: now} what do you call the thing that is found in fresh water streams, it's got claws and when you turn it turn it over, a rock it it'll swim away backwards?
176:  It's a turtle? {NS}
Interviewer:  Or um it's sort of a type of fish with the claws like uh
176:  {X} is it a eel?
Interviewer:  Uh I suppose all this is you know {D: found in} um have you ever heard of uh crawfish? Or
176:  Crawfish.
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Which which do you say, crawfish or crayfish?
176:  Crawfish.
Interviewer:  Crawfish?
176:  #1 Crawfish. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  {X} Uh-huh. And I guess you've heard it referred to as crawdad?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  And the
176:  #1 crawdad. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 either way. # Uh-huh. Um these are different types of flying insects {X} What do you call the um insect that flies around lights and uh tries to fly into the light? {D: Comes with} light. And you get powder on your hand if you touch it.
176:  That's a moth.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And um what uh what will lay eggs in your clothes and {X} your clothes?
176:  Uh that is a moth.
Interviewer:  {NS} {D: Okay} Uh-huh. Um what flies around at night and you can see it lighting up?
176:  Lightning bug.
Interviewer:  And uh what is the the uh long insect, real thin insect um with shiny wings and uh a hard {D: beak} and it's um it's and it flies around damp places? It's uh it's a pretty large thing. Um
176:  I know what you're talking about and I've seen 'em
Interviewer:  #1 {D: they} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  do this {NW}
176:  Huh?
Interviewer:  And it scares you to see 'em.
176:  #1 Yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  I can't think what it is now.
Interviewer:  Um have you ever called 'em a dragonfly?
176:  Dragonfly.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And there's another name for 'em but I can't think what it is now.
Interviewer:  Um well what about may- uh snake doctor or um these are just some you know some just snake feeder? Mosquito hawk?
176:  Mosquito hawk.
Interviewer:  Mosquito hawk, you've heard it ref-
176:  That's what I always heard 'em called.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Mosquito hawk.
Interviewer:  Is that what you've always called 'em?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 Mosquito hawk #
176:  #2 Mosquito # hawk.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Because they eat mosquitoes?
176:  Well that's what that's what we always thought
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 you know that # they did.
Interviewer:  Um what are some of the different types of stinging insects that you've heard of?
176:  Well the uh chinch bug. And then there's uh uh a brown bug that uh that was {NS} gives off an odor when you mash 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  I don't know what the name of it is uh
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  There was one they called a chinch bug.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And it has an {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Does it fly or wa-
176:  Yeah they
Interviewer:  Fly?
176:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  What about if um uh I walked out and uh some- something yellow was buzzing around stung me, what would that be? Uh some kind of
176:  Well it'd be a wasp.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh or a
176:  Or a bee.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Uh yellow-jacket.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um have you ever heard two uh {X} a wasp called anything else?
176:  {D: A wasp?}
Interviewer:  Called anything else, maybe th- um a- fills its house with mud and mud nests?
176:  Uh uh dirt dauber.
Interviewer:  Dirt dauber? Uh-huh. And uh of course what are the little icky little things that fly around here all the time and bite at {D: at night?}
176:  Mosquitoes.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NW} And have they ever been referred to as anything else? Have you ever
176:  Not that I remember.
Interviewer:  #1 Mosquitoes. #
176:  #2 It was always #
Interviewer:  {X} That's enough. {NW} What about the little red bugs that will get well I just said what were the little bugs that will get under your skin? What do you always call these? {NS} Um they'll bite you at night like if you go out fishing or something or another, you come back in and you're covered {X} uh say if it's all in your skin
176:  Is it gnats?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or uh red have you ever called a red bug?
176:  Red bugs, yes. #1 Yes, yes. #
Interviewer:  #2 Call it red bugs? #
176:  #1 Yes, yes. #
Interviewer:  #2 y- say I said I # thought I'd said it.
176:  Yeah well the red bugs, they're they'll get on you and uh and uh
Interviewer:  How how do you get rid of 'em?
176:  Uh y- you get uh takes uh baking soda
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and uh just moisten your body and then rub that baking soda on there it- it'll get r- rid of 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what is the little green and some of 'em are brown insects that hop around in the grass in the summertime?
176:  Grasshoppers.
Interviewer:  Um and if we uh went out the back door and saw um up in the awning a a little white lacy thing, what would this little white lacy thing that had been woven by an insect be called? A little white lacy web like?
176:  {X} um a spider.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Okay. Um let's see um what is the kind of tree that you tap for syrup?
176:  Maple tree.
Interviewer:  Maple tree? Uh-huh. And uh where where you'd have a lot of maple together is there any special term that you would use for
176:  Well there's not in this part of the
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  #1 Uh-uh, no. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  We don't have that in here.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about uh a tall uh would you call a tall shade tree with long white limbs and white scaly bark? {X}
176:  Would it be a sycamore tree?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Well what are some of the kind of trees around here?
176:  Well dogwood and uh redbud and uh pine and uh that's uh I I don't
Interviewer:  That's what you can think of now?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What kind of tree did George Washington cut down?
176:  Apple tree.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about um if I went out uh say on the river and got came back with some some awful skin broken out all over me, and I had gotten around some little um little five-pointed green leaves and things what are these kind of things called?
176:  Um poison ivy.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, and is there another one that's famous?
176:  Poison oak.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh what are some are there local berries around here? Some of the different types of berries that
176:  Well uh they uh they uh there's huckleberry and the bla- blackberry. And uh strawberry.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 That we # have here. {X} And then there's a low bush that we we always called gooseberry.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Can you eat those?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Eat them?
176:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Um let's see what uh kind of tree is this that um you've got out here outside your house
176:  Magnolia.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  I'd forgot about it, I couldn't think
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 of the trees # you know?
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um have you ever heard it heard it referred to as anything else?
176:  No, magnolia's the
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 only thing I've #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um if in other words this would be in your case, a woman who has lost her husband is called a
176:  Widow.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, and a a man whose lost
176:  Widower.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um uh did you ever what well what did you how did you refer to your mother and father? In other words what would you say when you might be if you were calling your mother
176:  {X} would call uh my mother, would call her momma.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And my daddy, we'd call him papa.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about your grandparents? What did you call them?
176:  Grandmother and grandfather.
Interviewer:  You called them
176:  Uh-huh
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Say grandmother {D: stuff like that?}
176:  Uh-huh. Or grandpa.
Interviewer:  Uh- and grandpa?
176:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  Um and the combination, your father and mother are called your together your father and mother are your
176:  Parents.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see {NW} well what do you call um {X} what would be you'd {X} right now but say if you have a son and a daughter or some sons and daughters, then you would call them your
176:  Children.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And are they ever referred to as anything else maybe? Besides children have you ever heard of another name for calling a group of children? Um like uh {X} I'm sure you've hear- heard 'em referred to as kids or
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Younguns, have you ever called
176:  Yeah I've heard 'em called
Interviewer:  #1 Heard 'em #
176:  #2 younguns. #
Interviewer:  called younguns?
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # {NW} Um what do you call a name uh maybe i- not the chil- a child doesn't have a given name but maybe when he's a baby he's called a
176:  Uh
Interviewer:  Uh
176:  nickname.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Um what is something on wheels that you can put a baby in so that it can lie down?
176:  A c- Carriage.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh if you're going to put the baby in the carriage and then what would and you were going out, you would say I'm going out to
176:  Take the baby for a stroll.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see uh if a woman's going to have a child you'd say she's
176:  Pregnant.
Interviewer:  And of course we've already talked about your grandmother who was a
176:  Midwife.
Interviewer:  A midwife, uh-huh. And if uh a mother has looked after three children until they're grown up then you'd say that she has
176:  Raised her family.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what would you say uh that uh a way of punishment uh to uh a child who does something wrong you say you're going to get a
176:  Spanking.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Or a whipping.
Interviewer:  A whipping, uh-huh. Um let's see what about uh a child, an illegitimate child. Have you ever heard of a a name for an illegitimate child? Or a child who's born to a an unmarried woman.
176:  Well that's a legitimate child.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Um let's see what is your your brother's son is called your
176:  Do what?
Interviewer:  Your brother's son would
176:  #1 Is #
Interviewer:  #2 be #
176:  my nephew.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what is a child who doesn't have a mother or father? You call
176:  It's an orphan.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh who uh what is the term given to a person who's somehow appointed to look after that orphan
176:  A guardian.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um if you were going to give a party and invite all of all of um people related to you then you would say you were going to invite your
176:  Your relatives.
Interviewer:  Your relatives. Di- have you ever heard of 'em referred to anything? Um do you ever say kinfolk?
176:  Kin-
Interviewer:  #1 Kin- #
176:  #2 folks # that's right,
Interviewer:  #1 Have you #
176:  #2 kinfolk. #
Interviewer:  do
176:  #1 Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, #
Interviewer:  #2 you say that? Uh-huh. #
176:  yeah.
Interviewer:  Um
176:  Just for kinfolks.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. The kinfolks. And if you were speaking or somebody was uh talking about 'un- a woman you'd say well she's {D: you know} and she wasn't related to you, you'd say well she's would you say she's not related to me or would you say she's
176:  She's {X} my kinfolk.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or or have you ever said she's no she's not
176:  #1 Not a #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  no kin to me.
Interviewer:  No kin to me? Uh-huh. And uh someone who uh who comes into town and no one's ever seen 'em before, what would you call a what?
176:  A stranger.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What uh was the name of the Jesus' mother?
176:  Mary.
Interviewer:  And uh what is uh another woman's name that begins with an M, it was George Washington's wife's name. It's an old name {X}
176:  Martha.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what is my aunt's name?
176:  Uh Nelly.
Interviewer:  {NW} right. A- have you ever heard of that as a nickname for Helen?
176:  No.
Interviewer:  {X} I didn't know that it says a nickname for Helen beginning with N and I never knew that
176:  {D: Nelly}
Interviewer:  Nelly was a nickname for Helen. Uh what is your son-in-law's name?
176:  Uh Bill Ellis
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. And um there were um the first uh the first of the four gospels was uh
176:  Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh let's see what who were the would I be referred to or or a woman who conducts a school school room or school class is called a
176:  School teacher.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh were there any old-fashioned terms that you used to refer to the woman teachers or were you ever referred to you know a special term back then that instead of ca- were you called school teachers?
176:  Yeah, when I taught school I was {X} but I think they they had another {NS} um a a s-
Interviewer:  A school have you ever heard a schoolmarm?
176:  Marm, that's right.
Interviewer:  #1 Is that what #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 you said? #
176:  #2 Uh-huh. # I've heard that.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  Um let's see um {X} they just want the pronunciation of uh the uh {D: of one of the named misses} C-O-O-P-E-R.
176:  Cooper
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see have you ever heard a a preacher who's not trained, who doesn't have a regular pulpit and he just um preaches preaches on Sunday once in a while and makes his living doing something else, have you ever heard of a term for this? He's not a
176:  #1 He's #
Interviewer:  #2 full-time # preacher.
176:  He's uh {NS} {D: interm} preacher? {X} {X}
Interviewer:  What is Nelly's relation to me?
176:  She's your aunt.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh who was Abraham's wife?
176:  Mi- uh uh Nelly Abraham
Interviewer:  Uh-
176:  Oh
Interviewer:  #1 in the Bible. #
176:  #2 in the Bible, #
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 in the # Bible, um
Interviewer:  Or her nickname was {X}
176:  #1 Elizabeth. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  Elizabeth {D: though}
Interviewer:  Or what's Sally a nickname for?
176:  #1 Rachel #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  uh Sarah.
Interviewer:  Uh-
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 huh. #
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Tha- uh-huh. # Yeah. And uh well we've been working for a while. Um let's see well what if your father had a brother by um uh well what what is your father's brother relation to you?
176:  He's my uncle.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And {NS} well what is the army terms you've heard of for a five-star
176:  General?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What who is the what's that old man's name who introduced Kentucky Fried Chicken?
176:  Uh uh
Interviewer:  {X} or what what rank is he?
176:  #1 He's a #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  colonel.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Colonel Sanders.
176:  Sanders.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Of course they don't have that down here so um who um is the man that's in charge of a ship? He's the what of the ship? {D: Rank}
176:  Co- commander?
Interviewer:  Yeah or uh uh another {NS} an- also another army term. Um um you know a {X} term? Uh C-A-P begi-
176:  Captain.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  #1 Captain. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Uh-huh. {NS} What about uh {NS} what is the rank of the man who presides over the county court?
176:  The judge.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh a person who goes to college to study is called a what?
176:  To study what?
Interviewer:  To study, if you go to college, in other words I am considered a what?
176:  A student.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Now do you make any distinction between uh grad school high school or or say all students from {X} first grade on or do you know of any other name different uh
176:  Well a college, after you go to college you're a college student.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about a little one? You'd call you'd call them first grade
176:  They're uh uh elementary
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  school.
Interviewer:  Uh do you ever call 'em pupils? #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Pupils, that's right #
Interviewer:  #1 when they're little like that #
176:  #2 Uh-huh. Yeah, # yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh what if uh I uh handled if I worked with someone and handled uh the boss's mail and uh made telephone calls and all I would be his
176:  Secretary.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What is a a woman who's on stage and in movies? What is her
176:  She's a star.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh and referring to the fact that she acts sh-
176:  Actress.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh and what would a man be?
176:  Actor.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um anyone that was born in the United States, their nationality is uh
176:  National citizen.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what you would say I am an
176:  American citizen.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh what um is the term for a black person? What uh what is the um their ra- their race?
176:  They're uh African. Uh the black race.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or uh what uh something else that begins with an N, the a name.
176:  Nigger.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of any terms or way back did you uh ever hear- hear of any terms, other names for them or um um derogatory terms or something? Um have you ever called them anything else or have y'all just called 'em niggers?
176:  #1 Niggers. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  Uh-huh. Niggers.
Interviewer:  And um what about um a person of a white race is uh besides white um is there another have you always have you ever heard of another term for a member of a white
176:  Anglo-Saxon, is that a
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {X} Um what about a derogatory term for people maybe with certain political views or something or other um a white person, have you ever heard of any any derogatory terms um putting 'em down? Or uh {D: sort of referring} have you ever heard of uh redneck?
176:  No, I don't think I have.
Interviewer:  Or hillbilly?
176:  Yes
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 to- hillbillies #
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  Yeah I've heard tell of hillbillies.
Interviewer:  Um what is uh 'un- what do you call a child who's born of a a black and white marriage? Um do you know
176:  Intermarriage.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. That would be the term that you'd #1 you'd use? #
176:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  What uh did when there were slaves, what did the slaves used to call the person that they worked for?
176:  Master.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh what do you call white people, poor white people? Um {D: that it} they're not well off, they have don't have much education
176:  Under-privileged?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Are there any other terms that you'd ever um use for 'em? Uh {NS} {X} people that may- m- maybe there are some that are that really are good for nothing or lazy and
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 What then you'd #
176:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  c- you'd say well these call just
176:  #1 Yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 good-for-nothing #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # {NW} {NS} um let's see what about um um black people uh is there a special have you ever heard of a term for a black person who was who wouldn't work and who was good-for-nothing and all?
176:  Yeah. {NS}
Interviewer:  You'd say he was awfully {X} good-for-nothing?
176:  Good-for-nothing.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what do you call someone who lives out in the country? Is there a special name for someone who that lives out in the country? Um as opposed to someone who lives in the city?
176:  Country cracker.
Interviewer:  An- have you is that
176:  I've heard that.
Interviewer:  Heard it?
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  country
Interviewer:  #1 And #
176:  #2 {D: bumpkin} #
Interviewer:  what about if you lived in the country, how would you refer to someone who lived in the city?
176:  A city dude.
Interviewer:  A city dude?
176:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
176:  {NW}
Interviewer:  {NW} {D: oh but} um let's see what about if um someone came to the door and you knew it was gonna take you a s- a second to get to the door then what would you call out to them to let 'em know that you were gonna {X} you'd say
176:  I'm here, I'm coming.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or if you knew it was just going to um take just
176:  A f- uh I'll be in there in a minute.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Um let's see what about uh um let's see what about if uh you were wanting to show show me something and uh or tell me something and I wasn't quite catching on and you were you'd point out and you'd say well and you were wanting me to uh to look at you or something and you'd say well uh to sh- to show me uh point something out you'd and maybe I wasn't paying attention or something, you'd say well
176:  This is the way uh this is it or
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or uh do you ever say well look look
176:  Look
Interviewer:  uh look here or
176:  uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um okay some of these now are I just want to point to parts of of the body and you tell me the names of 'em. This is the
176:  Forehead.
Interviewer:  And this is
176:  Hair.
Interviewer:  And if I had hair right here it'd be
176:  It'd be a beard.
Interviewer:  {NW} And this is my
176:  Ear.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And pa- this is the
176:  Earlobe.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh as far as direction, this is my
176:  Right um this is your left
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 and this is your right. #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh this is my
176:  Mouth.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And this is my
176:  Neck.
Interviewer:  Okay and then the area up in here would be my
176:  Throat.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And have you ever heard it referred to anything else? {D: as} the throat referred to as anything else? Uh like on a chicken, or something or other um if you got the have you ever heard oh he's got a chicken bone stuck in his
176:  In his um
Interviewer:  Throat? Is that
176:  #1 throat. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {X}
176:  {NW}
Interviewer:  have you ever heard a goozle?
176:  Goozle, yeah, I've heard tell
Interviewer:  #1 Have you ever #
176:  #2 {D: goozle} #
Interviewer:  used goozle?
176:  Yeah, yeah
Interviewer:  #1 You've heard #
176:  #2 I have. #
Interviewer:  that before? And that refers to your throat?
176:  That is the it's uh your goozle comes up and down, pushes the food down you see.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  #1 It #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  works #1 up and down #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  as you
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  swallow.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what are these?
176:  Teeth.
Interviewer:  And one of 'em would be a
176:  Tooth.
Interviewer:  And this part of the mouth
176:  #1 the #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  gums.
Interviewer:  And this is the
176:  The palm of the hand.
Interviewer:  And this is a
176:  Fist.
Interviewer:  And two would be plural would be one fist and two
176:  It'd be two fists.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh what about where um my my elbow is um your elbow and your knee are referring to the fact that they bend are called or you get it sometimes you get a stiff-
176:  Knee or a stiff arm.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or what about to the fact that they're joined they're joined together? Uh a stiff j- do you ever say
176:  Joint.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh.
176:  Stiff joint.
Interviewer:  Um on a man this would be called the
176:  Chest.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what about if you have a broad
176:  Shoulders.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And this is a well this is called a just this #1 where #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  my fingers and everything {NW}
176:  #1 A hand? #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {NW} Uh-huh. And how d- how do you measure the height of a horse?
176:  So many hands high.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh this is my
176:  Calf. Leg. {NS}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And this is a
176:  Foot.
Interviewer:  And two of 'em are
176:  Two feet.
Interviewer:  {NW} And uh what is this area right here?
176:  That is the um
Interviewer:  Like I oh I kicked or I hit my
176:  Shin.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh what do you call um the back part of your thigh is um uh like if you were uh s- if I were stooped down on the floor but I wasn't sitting on the floor you'd say well she's standing on her
176:  All fours.
Interviewer:  All- uh-huh. Uh-huh. Um if somebody's been sick for a while but he's up now but he still looks kinda sick you say well he he looks a bit
176:  Peaked.
Interviewer:  Peaken? Uh-huh.
176:  Pale or
Interviewer:  Or pale, uh-huh. In other words, he doesn't look healthy,
176:  No
Interviewer:  still doesn't look healthy. Um well what would you call a person who could what kind of a an adjective, in other words how would you describe a person who could lift heavy weight?
176:  It's uh strong.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about a person who's easy to get along with?
176:  Even-tempered?
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  Ev- ev- even.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um um let's see what about someone who um like a teenager who's all arms and legs and he stumbles over his feet, you'd say he's mighty
176:  Clumsy.
Interviewer:  What about um a person who keeps on doing things that that don't make any sense, you'd say well he's just a plain
176:  Idiot.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NW}
176:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Um let's see what about a person who won't ever spend a cent?
176:  That's uh they're uh stingy.
Interviewer:  Stingy. Uh-huh. Uh what about um well what if you ever refer to say someone as being common do you ever refer to anyone as being common? {NS} You say that girl is common.
176:  Yeah I
Interviewer:  Or if have you ever heard of it? How how has it been in other words what would you mean by it if you said it?
176:  Well it they uh they just uh not refined and
Interviewer:  Nu- uh-huh.
176:  Uh I would say they wasn't refined,
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 they used # uh uh the language they use
Interviewer:  #1 Uh- #
176:  #2 and #
Interviewer:  huh.
176:  accents and all.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about um if um and a or an old woman who acts like she's sixteen then you would say for for her age she
176:  Acts silly.
Interviewer:  #1 Acts #
176:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  silly? O-
176:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 kay. #
176:  {NW}
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
176:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  What about um if you were an an old man who was strong and active and uh he could get around good and everything, would you say he's still quite
176:  Active.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what how do you call young people who are full of life {X} everything? {D: be uh} an imaginative maybe
176:  Uh {D: little} mischievous?
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 Uh #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about if um uh the children are um out later than they usually are then you would say I don't suppose anything's wrong but I can't help feeling a little
176:  Uh worried.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see what about um if uh if a house were dark didn't have a light on then you'd say well I don't want to go in there, I'm
176:  Afraid.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Had uh what about uh do you ever use any other
176:  Scared.
Interviewer:  Scared? Uh-huh. Or what about if you said oh it's it's what in there? It's
176:  Dark.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um if somebody isn't afraid now but they once were then you'd say she she isn't afraid now but she
176:  Was afraid?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or she uh uh or something about the old gray mare, she ain't
176:  What she used to be?
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  {NW} um let's see what okay let me see what about um if you left a lot of money on the table and you went out and didn't lock your door and somebody uh there's a possibility that somebody'd come in and get it, you'd say well that was an awful what thing to do? That was a or if you left your keys in the car and left it parked and and went in the store then you'd say well somebody might say well that was an awfully
176:  Careless thing for you
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 to do. #
Interviewer:  What um let's see well what let's um in this sentence if if just in the context of this sentence, there's nothing really wrong with Aunt Lizzy but sometimes she acts kind of
176:  Crazy? {NS}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, she's acting just
176:  Silly?
Interviewer:  silly, uh-huh. What about um the word queer? How do you
176:  Queer, yeah. That's another word
Interviewer:  What what does it mean when you use it?
176:  queer, that's uh well say that uh a person is {NW} usually talks a lot so then they quit talking and don't say much
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 or #
176:  that's acting queer.
Interviewer:  That's acting queer? Um what if somebody is uh very sure of his own ways and he doesn't want to change and you what might you say to him? Don't be so what in your ways?
176:  So set in your ways.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh what uh also could you say ju- don't be so if he wasn't going to change or he was just bound and determined to do something you'd say oh don't be so
176:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Is there anything that you would um would you ever say stubborn?
176:  Stubborn! That's that's a good word {X}
Interviewer:  #1 Or what #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  about any other kind of word, you know don't be you ever use pigheaded or bullheaded or anything like that? Or
176:  Yeah
Interviewer:  #1 You've have you ever #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 heard #
176:  #2 stubborn # or bullheaded
Interviewer:  #1 Uh- #
176:  #2 and #
Interviewer:  huh. Uh-huh. Um let's see, if uh if you somebody you can't joke with without losing his temper you'd say he's m- mighty
176:  Touchy.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about um if I said I was just kidding him, I don't know why he got he {NW} I didn't know why he got
176:  So mad?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS} Um {NS} what about if somebody's about to lose their temper you'd you'd tell him what? What would you tell him? You'd say well they're about to lose their temper and you don't want 'em to you say oh
176:  Don't don't lose your temper or
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or um let's see what about if the house was on fire and there were several people in it then you would say well keep
176:  #1 Quiet #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh and we'll all get out
176:  #1 Get out #
Interviewer:  #2 alright? #
176:  #1 alright. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  uh and this is like we are right now, if we've been working all day long then you'd say you're very
176:  Tired.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And if what about if you're very, very tired is there {X} is there anything besides tired can do you go {NS}
176:  #1 Yes #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
176:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
176:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 tired? #
176:  #1 just pooped. #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
176:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # {NW}
176:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # {NW}
176:  {NW} that's not what I
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 am now! #
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
176:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  {D: I hope it} {NW} Uh let's see what about um another kind of expression like that if you'd been working say if you've been working all in the field, if you've been working in the field all day then you'd say he's all
176:  Worn out.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about if a person's been quite well they do well for a long time and then you hear that suddenly they've got they have some disease you'd say last night she
176:  Seemed uh well.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. But uh all of a sudden she
176:  Got sick.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um if uh {NS} let's see if you'd been traveling uh going trying to reach a destination, you'd been traveling all day long and maybe there's children in the car, they get real re- restless you tell 'em not to worry, that we'll get there
176:  Soon.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh what about if a person uh sat out in the cold and began to cough, then you'd say well last night he and the next day he woke up with a sore throat and all then you'd say oh he
176:  Took a cold?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about if if it affected his voice and his {X}
176:  He'd have laryngitis.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And you'd say his voice is in reference to the sound it'd make, his voice is
176:  Hoarse.
Interviewer:  Um what about if if he were
176:  Sneezing?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, or um
176:  #1 Coughing? #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Uh-huh. Yeah. {NW} What about if uh {NS} you were real tired, you'd say well I'd better go to bed, I'm feeling a little
176:  Uh sleepy?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what let's see what do you ca- if someone um if you had to go and get someone out of bed in the morning would you go to you
176:  Wake him up.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, do you have you ever used rouse?
176:  Rouse 'em.
Interviewer:  You've heard that
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 Or # used it?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  What about if you can't hear anything at all then you're stone- if you can't hear anything at all you're stone
176:  Stone deaf.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And um {X} now what what do you call a a sore that you might have on skin that comes to a head?
176:  A boil?
Interviewer:  {D: Uh-huh.}
176:  A rising.
Interviewer:  or or a rising? Uh-huh. Uh what about when it opens? What do you call the stuff that drains out?
176:  Pus.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what do you call um the stuff when you get a blister? What what's the stuff that forms under the skin?
176:  It's fluid. {NS} Water.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um i- in a war, if a bullet went through your arm then you you say you have a
176:  Bullet wound.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What um is a kind of skinless growth in a wound that's got to burned out?
176:  That's the cauterize it.
Interviewer:  The what?
176:  Cauterized it.
Interviewer:  Cauterized it? They burn it out?
176:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Um is there a name for it? Is there a name for the type uh stuff that's got to be burned out? Have you ever heard of proud flesh?
176:  Proud flesh, uh-huh.
Interviewer:  That's what it's called?
176:  Yeah
Interviewer:  The stuff
176:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 that's got # to be burned out
176:  #1 Burned out. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  So that the place would heal.
Interviewer:  So that it'd get well? Uh-huh. {X}
176:  Proud flesh grow in it. In the in the wound you see.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or
176:  They call it proud flesh. And it won't heal until that is burned out.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {X} {NW} Um what about what is the brown liquid that stings that you put on a cut?
176:  Uh iodine?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What um did people used to be given as a tonic for malaria?
176:  Uh {D: treesses}
Interviewer:  {D: Preesses?} {D: Uh-huh.} Have you ever heard of anything else that anyone took for malaria? Or uh
176:  Well quinine.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  That has quinine in it.
Interviewer:  Oh, uh-huh.
176:  And it's a tonic and a {D: you know}
Interviewer:  Um
176:  If you ever took any of it you could tell, it's bitter as
Interviewer:  {D: good to know}
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  Uh what about how how do you refer to someone um was shot and he didn't recover then you'd say he
176:  Uh repeat.
Interviewer:  If someone is sh- {NS} was say got a bullet wound or something and he didn't recover then he
176:  Died from the wound.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 Died from # the gun-
Interviewer:  #1 What #
176:  #2 shot. #
Interviewer:  are uh are there any other terms that you had ever use for died? Um did you ever say any other ways he
176:  He was killed.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or uh anything else that referring to or my um um neighbor uh you ever say passed away? Or or do you always say died?
176:  Yeah he passed away or sometimes they say
Interviewer:  #1 Uh- #
176:  #2 died. #
Interviewer:  huh. Just whatever? {X}
176:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 Do you # use either term?
176:  Either term, {D: it'd be uh}
Interviewer:  Um let's see what do you call the place where people are buried?
176:  Cemetery.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And do you ever call it anything else?
176:  Graveyard.
Interviewer:  Graveyard? Uh-huh. And uh if people who are dressed in black, you say that they are
176:  In mourning.
Interviewer:  What about uh if uh somebody came up and asked you how you were feeling if you're feeling just about average and somebody asked you how you were feeling you'd say oh I'm
176:  Fine.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh what about if somebody's troubled real worried about something then you might say oh it'll come out alright, don't
176:  Worry.
Interviewer:  And uh what do you call the disease that you get in joints?
176:  Arthritis.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Any other name for it?
176:  Uh rheumatism.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh what about the disease that makes you yellow?
176:  That's uh jaundice.
Interviewer:  And uh what about the disease that uh children children choke in the night or get a a bad sore throat blisters on the inside of your {D: throat}
176:  Uh
Interviewer:  It begins with D-I-P. Dip-
176:  Diphtheria?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {D: That's one I don't know much about} Uh if you have your appendix taken out then then uh you'd have an attack of what?
176:  Appendicitis.
Interviewer:  And uh if you ate something that didn't agree with you and it wouldn't stay down then you say he had to
176:  Vomit.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Do you ever use any other terms for that?
176:  {D: Irk}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about if a person vomited, then you would say he was sick
176:  Sick in his stomach.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see well what do you refer to um when when a boy and girl are dating and are doing it pretty regularly do you say the boy is
176:  In love?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, and uh in reference to the fact that they're they're going together, maybe an older term then they don- don't use it too much today but they're they're
176:  They're sweethearts?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or have you ever heard they're courting?
176:  Courting.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  #1 Yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  {D: say} uh did you ever hear sparking?
176:  Yes, I heard they were sparking.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Let's see and what about um uh the boy came home with lipstick on his collar, his little brother might say to him you've been
176:  Been necking.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about any other terms that you ever heard?
176:  Uh
Interviewer:  Or did that you ever used?
176:  What?
Interviewer:  Di- or that you ever used, you know besides necking. {NS}
176:  I don't remember.
Interviewer:  {X} um what about smooching?
176:  Smooching
Interviewer:  #1 spooning? #
176:  #2 yeah #
176:  Spooning. Yeah
Interviewer:  #1 you've heard that? #
176:  #2 I've heard that #
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 yeah. #
176:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Um what about if a if a boy asked a girl to marry him and she didn't she didn't want him then what do you say that she did to him?
176:  She rejected him.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about if people'd just been married and you'd say they're they're just
176:  Uh they're uh
Interviewer:  Or they've got
176:  Married.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Have you ever used anything el- other term? Or maybe an ol'- older {D: times} to
176:  #1 Yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 marry? #
176:  I can't think now.
Interviewer:  Di- did you ever hear hitched?
176:  What?
Interviewer:  Get hitched? They
176:  #1 Hitched, yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  yeah
Interviewer:  #1 and that that #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  {D: pretty often}
176:  Yeah, I've heard that. Yea- yeah hitched.
Interviewer:  Uh let's see um
176:  And then then I've heard another word say that they tied the knot.
Interviewer:  Tied the knot, uh-huh. Alright. these are some uh some buildings {X} what do you call a building where you keep books? Especially when you go to check out
176:  Library.
Interviewer:  And what about when you mail a package?
176:  Uh post office.
Interviewer:  Uh what about where you go see a play a {X}
176:  Uh theatre.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um well what a woman who takes care of you in the hospital is called a
176:  Head nurse?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um and what is this little um thing called up here across from the Big James Supermarket? {X}
176:  Uh the uh the um depot.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh if uh if there were an open place in a city where there was green grass and trees were growing what what would you refer to this {X}
176:  They'd call that a park. {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or uh have you ever heard it referred to or or heard of a a town square or a
176:  #1 Yeah, yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 public square? #
176:  a public square, a
Interviewer:  #1 They used to #
176:  #2 town square #
Interviewer:  have those?
176:  Yeah, uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Um let's see this is kinda hard to explain um if there's a a vacant lot at the corner and you go across it instead of around it on the sidewalk then you're walking
176:  Jaywalking.
Interviewer:  Jaywalking. Uh-huh. And what about if two things are kind of at an angle to each other you say they're um I don't think I'm gonna be able to explain this have do you ever use kitty-cornered? catty-cornered?
176:  Catty-cornered.
Interviewer:  #1 Catty-cornered? #
176:  #2 Yeah # Catty-cornered.
Interviewer:  And what does that mean to you?
176:  #1 Well it's not, it doesn't come right #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  together.
Interviewer:  But it's it's Catty-cornered?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  It's not square.
Interviewer:  It's not uh-huh. Um well what um were things that they used to have in cities to go around on that before they had buses? Um maybe they were on tracks
176:  Trolley cars.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Let's see and uh if you are an F.B.I. agent then you're working for the
176:  The government?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh what are the police in a town supposed to maintain? They're supposed to maintain
176:  Order.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh have you ever heard of another term for in other words just
176:  #1 For the #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  policemen?
Interviewer:  Or well a catch term for, they're supposed to maintain um what and order? Have you ever heard of blank and order? Or um a political c- candidate who wants the police to get tougher says he's for
176:  Uh law and order?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Yeah. Um let's see if two people become members of a church you'd say they
176:  Came together?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or they what the would you refer to it any way else if they become members of a church?
176:  I don't understand.
Interviewer:  Um if they stayed and uh they decide to to become members of say your church then on one Sunday morning they would
176:  Join the church.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um who is the enemy and the opposite of God? What's his name?
176:  The Devil.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what do you call a house where it's real dark and lonely and there's tales about it and there's supposed to be little things flying around? Do what do the scary kind of a house is a
176:  Haunted house.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what is in the haunted house supposedly?
176:  Uh ghosts.
Interviewer:  Well I I'm {D: John} Daniel. and and Ms Hayford {D: Georgia} interviewing me {B} And um let's see, what address is this? {NS} {B} {NS} Okay and uh how old are you?
176:  Seventy-three.
Interviewer:  Alright and where were you born?
176:  In Appling County. It was before Jeff Davis was formed, I've always lived in {X} {D: County.} Except when you see Jeff Davis was formed in nineteen oh five.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What city was that called then? Was it called was it was it just in the county or was it
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Is # Hazlehurst a city then?
176:  No. No. No it wasn't. Uh I don't remember now what it was uh the first original name before it was named Hazlehurst. I can't remember right now, just you know just
Interviewer:  #1 {D: You} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  going Baxter {X}
176:  #1 No no Baxter was the uh #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  uh county seat of Appling County. And then when they made Jeff Davis county why uh Hazlehurst was
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 you know the m- #
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  become
Interviewer:  I wonder how they got that name?
176:  Um there was a man that was working on the railroad running the uh built the railroad, {X} the Southern Railroad and his he was a head of that and he uh was name was Hazlehurst. So they named the the uh county seat Hazlehurst.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  For him.
Interviewer:  Yeah. {D: Knew old name} but I never knew that {NW} um let's see well your occupation now {C: microphone feedback}
176:  #1 Farming. Farming, and then uh #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  uh I'd say uh fertilizer dealer.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  At one time.
Interviewer:  Was that your husband's business?
176:  Yes. Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Um and you're what religion?
176:  A Baptist. {NS} {NS} {C: microphone feedback} {NS}
Interviewer:  Okay well um {NS} now onto the education, how old where you when you started school?
176:  Six.
Interviewer:  Six. And what was that? First grade?
176:  Yeah. First grade.
Interviewer:  Didn't have kinder-
176:  Didn't have any kindergarten then.
Interviewer:  Uh what do you remember the name of the school?
176:  Oak grove.
Interviewer:  Oak grove, a- and it was one-
176:  One-teacher school.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  One-teacher school and had all had up to the seventh grade
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 in the # one s- one room
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 and I just #
Interviewer:  {D: called all}
176:  All the grades. They had one in
Interviewer:  About how many students in each school?
176:  Well they be somewhere around twenty to thirty.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Somewhere
Interviewer:  {X} How many first graders where there when you were there?
176:  Well I had I don't remember but it was a good many and I'd say to ten
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  First graders.
Interviewer:  And she'd teach teach all and give y'all some subjects to do or some work to do and
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {D: them other grades}
176:  And and we had blackboards.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  We sure had chalk and she'd put up there what she wanted us to write you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  She'd put put it down and then we'd learn to write that.
Interviewer:  And what did y'all have {NS} {D: to do} paper or what what did y'all
176:  We had slates.
Interviewer:  Slates?
176:  Slates.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What'd you use to write with?
176:  With a with a a it was a pencil that you wrote on the slate with.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  It was that {NS} made out of something that you made when you mark, it'd it'd write.
Interviewer:  How {X} #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Well I don't know #
Interviewer:  what the {X}
176:  I don't know, it was anyway, it would make white on the slate.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And it could be a writing?
176:  Yeah {X}
Interviewer:  Okay.
176:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Uh did y'all have desks? Or
176:  No, we had just benches. {D: Yeah.}
Interviewer:  Uh
176:  {NS}
Interviewer:  And uh how how was the classroom {X} the younger students up front and the older ones in the back? Or what?
176:  No we sit just most of 'em, the boys and girls all sit right uh everywhere, you know? Just anywhere.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What time did school start?
176:  At eight o'clock.
Interviewer:  And what time did y'all get out?
176:  Four.
Interviewer:  And what about a lunch break? {NS}
176:  Well we had an hour for lunch.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS} um {NS} {NS} Did would you go home for lunch? Or did you
176:  No we had, we carried our lunch in um pales, buckets.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Uh in those times we didn't have light bread to make sandwiches so we had biscuit. And um we had um plenty of syrup and sausage and and all kinds of meats and stuff and my mother would fix, take a biscuit and um put butter in it and then she would pour syrup in there and that would make our sweets. Make us a syrup biscuit. Put butter in it. And we'd have sausage, she'd make uh put sausage in between bread and {NS} {X} steak and {X} you know. All kinds of meats, ham and uh we had plenty of that at home.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  We didn't have any uh any store-bought stuff then, not in those years. You see we had mostly was um what we raised at home.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. That's my favorite.
176:  {NS}
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  No it was nothing like what we had what we
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 have today. #
Interviewer:  {X} um where where would they would you eat inside the schoolroom?
176:  #1 No. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  No, we went outside and sit on logs.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And ate our lunch.
Interviewer:  {D: came around} what that was just around school?
176:  Yeah yeah. Yeah we had it around school and they had a well. Had to draw the water up out of the well.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  who did the teacher do um the maintenance of the school building? {X}
176:  #1 No the trustees, #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  they had trustees in the community at that time and the trustees looked after the school building and they furnished, they had a wood stove in the in you know inside out in the middle of the school building. And they furnished the wood. They hauled wood up for them, the boys would cut it up and bring it in and that's what we had to for heat. {NS} #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # got to the other {X} and take of them those during the day?
176:  #1 Yeah, yeah, yeah, #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  all the doors would have to they brought in the wood and then looked after th- and when they needed to put more wood in, they did.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh and what about sweeping in the school room or the
176:  Well we had uh times you know, there'd be maybe two or three or maybe four that moved it, two boys to move the boy benches and the girls done the sweeping.
Interviewer:  You'd take care of that.
176:  {D: Care of that} yeah. Have it a a
Interviewer:  #1 about a week #
176:  #2 we could just #
Interviewer:  or what?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  And did the little ones do just as much
176:  #1 No, the #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  little ones didn't have to do it then.
Interviewer:  {NS} how would {X}
176:  Well I'd say they'd be about twelve fourteen years old.
Interviewer:  Um how far did you have to walk to school? Or did you {X}
176:  Well we had it was a mile and a half, a mile and a half, so we drove a buggy, we got in the buggy and um drove the horse to school.
Interviewer:  Now when you were little did you have have any friends who {X}
176:  Well there was eight of us
Interviewer:  And y'all all'd go to school?
176:  Yeah we all went #1 to school. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {X} grade?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Huh.
176:  Of course now there was some uh that my oldest sister uh two older sisters were uh when I started school they were had already finished you see, I they decided they'd teach out there and they were both off at school when I started school.
Interviewer:  Where did they go?
176:  They went to um Douglas.
Interviewer:  {NS} {X}
176:  And my oldest sister went to Macon and she finished high school there. And then my next sister, she went to Douglas and finished high school there.
Interviewer:  Where those county high schools? Or
176:  Yeah. {X} {NS} she boarded over there and went to school, finished in school.
Interviewer:  Now uh how far what was the last grade that you attended? That you went to school?
176:  Out in the I in the country out there I went to the seventh grade.
Interviewer:  And then did you
176:  Then I went to Douglas and finished high school and uh then I went to two years to college.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Where? where did you
176:  {D: went} Douglas.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  {NS} {X} uh it wasn't South Georgia? The
176:  #1 No, no,no it was uh #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  Georgia normal. And you went to teachers took a teacher's course after you finished high school.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Took a teacher's course.
Interviewer:  {D: Uh-huh.} for the two years?
176:  For the two years, and then when I finished that why then I started teaching.
Interviewer:  And did you get a certificate? Or
176:  Yeah yeah I got a certificate.
Interviewer:  What about a {X} the courses used to be a teacher didn't have to have any kind of teachers {X} or did you take the
176:  Yeah I had uh you had to stand examination with the um court or the um kinda school superintendent. You had to go and stand a test there before you taught.
Interviewer:  Well now did you specialize in any field teaching? Or would you just then teach all grades?
176:  {NS} No I now I didn't sp- no I didn't specialize in any, they didn't have no special
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  #1 there #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  at that time. Uh I taught uh the fourth grade out in Coffee County, my first school.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. About what year was that?
176:  Nineteen eighteen.
Interviewer:  Wow {D: that got's} right out of the war, wasn't it?
176:  Yeah. {NS}
Interviewer:  Um when uh then uh by then they had their grades divided up?
176:  Yeah
Interviewer:  #1 That must've #
176:  #2 they had #
Interviewer:  been a large school
176:  Yeah, that was a large school, that was a still a school out in Coffee County and they had four teachers at that time. {NS} And um the fourth grade was one of the largest grades.
Interviewer:  {D; Have you had}
176:  I mean had more peoples in it.
Interviewer:  So that's why you just had
176:  #1 I had #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  the fourth grade, yeah it had the most peoples in it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. How many years {D: did you finish?}
176:  Uh I taught there two years and then I taught uh four years in Je- Jeff Davis. I taught two years before I married and then after I married I taught two more years.
Interviewer:  Uh what school {D: was it in Jeff Davis?}
176:  Yeah it was a it was a country school, it was uh you know {D: Yengling} back out on the Bell Telephone Road
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And then you taught two years after you married?
176:  Yeah. Yeah I taught two years after I married. And then I was a substitute teacher after they um uh made the conso- consolidated the schools?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh that school went to {D: Denton}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh so then they asked me to sub- be a substitute teacher for 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And I did for one year after that. But I quit, I didn't
Interviewer:  {D: Did you now?} Well did you uh {NS} {D: I'm sorry had} children {X}
176:  I had one one daughter. {NS}
Interviewer:  Um let's see um, what about your husband how far did he go in school?
176:  Well he went about the seventh grade, I don't think he went any further than the seventh grade.
Interviewer:  And {X} your what about your mother and father, how far did they go in school?
176:  Well I I don't know, don't think that um they they didn't go very far {X} say about the fifth or sixth
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 grade # about about as high as they went.
Interviewer:  But of course that would have been back in well what the eighteen hundreds?
176:  Yeah. Yeah, that's when in the eighteen hundreds.
Interviewer:  About when when was your mother born?
176:  Uh eight- uh she was born in eighteen and eighty-three.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what did your um father do for a living?
176:  Well he was a farmer. And raised stock.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What what did he raise? What what kinda
176:  Cows and hogs. Of course it was different from what way they raise 'em now. He owned a big uh a lot of Swamp land next to the Omaha River?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh he they would just run {D: around in} they just went wild out there, you know?
Interviewer:  He'd just keep 'em pinned? Or
176:  No, he didn't keep 'em penned, he just go down and get 'em whenever he he wanted to put some in the field. {NS} And uh the cows the same way, they uh got a lot of there was a lot of growth in there
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 {D: you see} #
176:  And uh they uh would get their livelihood there until the winter come and then he would have to feed 'em. And uh we grew a lot of cotton there and he'd take have the cotton seed uh he'd {NW} they had a mill here and it they took the oil out of 'em
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And then he got the uh hulls and the meal and he take it back home and then they mixed that and fed the cows during the winter. And saved a lot of fodder which is the corn uh leaves off of the corn, they saved that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh stored it and have the feed them. Let it cure in the field. {NS} And then they store it, you know? {X}
Interviewer:  {X} that's what you were uh we were talking about the other day? {NS} Um
176:  #1 {D: They pull those} #
Interviewer:  #2 The one with # the road?
176:  Yeah. Yeah they pull it they pulled this fodder off of it, it's uh it's the blades o- off of the cornstock. And then they would uh get a handful and then they'd hook it behind the ear of corn to to let it cure.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Get ripe, and then they'd go in there and take those hands and make a {NS} a {NS} bundle they'd call it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And tie that up and then uh they would take pile those bundles and then take a rope and tie 'em and tote 'em out because they didn't want to knock the corn down to go in that hole in there.
Interviewer:  And and that was {X}
176:  Feed for the animals, yeah for this the um cows and the mules. At that time you see they farmed all the together with mules.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh had to have
Interviewer:  {X} no- nothing like those {D: carriers} now where they have tractors
176:  No no no no tractors, it was all mules and horses
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  that they done all the farming with and uh hauling and everything.
Interviewer:  Well now where were the animals kept? Uh {D: would they}
176:  #1 Well they #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # for the night when they
176:  Well they were {D: nuh} we had a a huge uh lot they called it, but it was covered. And they kept the cow- the uh mules and horses in there and then they have stables all around that. And each one had a stable to stay in to eat,
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 you know. #
176:  And then on the i- in i- right down the center they had this big trough that you you put this uh dry stuff in, you know that's cured and all. Fodder and all. Put that in there for 'em to eat and they'd eat on that almost all the time {D: that they kept this} {NS} and the cows now, we didn't have a shelter for them, they stayed out in the f- in the fields and then they had a big lot and they'd bring 'em in at night you know and feed 'em at night with this cottonseed meal and hulls.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Well now this lot that you said was covered, what how was it covered? What
176:  What, for the mules?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Well it was just uh just like a big warehouse {NW} you know it was had a top on it. {NS}
Interviewer:  But no sides? No
176:  Yeah
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 yeah it was yeah # it had sides, yeah, yeah. It had sides. It was enclosed.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  But it was not closed tight you know, it had n- cracks in it and all.
Interviewer:  Um
176:  Now you asked me about uh my father's occu- occupation, he uh farmed and then he um uh {NS} cut timber and he had to ne- there was no way to get it in where all the {D: the haul it to the} river and um he they call it raft. They would I don't know how they'd fasten those logs together and then they carried them down the Altamaha River down to Darien and sold 'em.
Interviewer:  {D: Down the river?}
176:  And he did that in the wintertime.
Interviewer:  {D: Would that} {X} somebody somebody'd get on top of 'em? Or
176:  Yeah yeah yeah.
Interviewer:  Like a
176:  #1 Yeah just #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  like a big uh boat or something,
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 they'd just # have all these, they'd cut 'em and and they'd carry 'em to the river. And they had someway I I never did go to see it but I {NS} heard him talking about {D: it you know?}
Interviewer:  That
176:  And then they carried their uh food with 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And it took 'em several days to to carry that down the river. All those logs you see, maybe they'd have two rafts and there'd be two and they'd have um they had to guide 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-
176:  #1 huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 To #
176:  keep 'em from going to the banks.
Interviewer:  What'd they do? Just
176:  They used uh uh nu- uh long poles. Yeah. To balance..
Interviewer:  And there'd have to be how many men I guess would be on the raft?
176:  Well I'd I'd think they'd be about four men that done the work besides the one that looked after the telling them what to do, you
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 know? And # carrying it on
Interviewer:  #1 I wonder #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  about how long the logs would have been.
176:  Well I'd I wouldn't couldn't tell you that, they were there was some of 'em pretty long because they they carried they carried them on down the river.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Well now would they stop over on the bank at night? Or would they get
176:  #1 Yeah I guess #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: they get out} #
176:  I I don't remember about that, hearing them talk about that. Um I imagine they had to, they would have
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 to #
176:  stop, you know. And they they could get it up to the bank you know and {D: may and} put those poles down to make it stationary.
Interviewer:  And then they'd take 'em to Darien?
176:  Darien, yeah.
Interviewer:  What was there? {X}
176:  Well they had uh they bought the logs there. You know for lumber and they had a mill and all tho-
Interviewer:  How did they get back? get back here to {X}
176:  #1 Well there was somebody #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  went went to Darien with a with a mule and wagon
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  to bring 'em all back and bring their uh what they took with 'em. Yeah.
Interviewer:  How how man- how many days would it take
176:  Oh it'd take sometimes two weeks before they'd get back.
Interviewer:  Gosh, really?
176:  It may be about two weeks before they get back.
Interviewer:  And if {D: he did extra to} {X}
176:  Yeah he done that in the wintertime.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Yeah he did that in the wintertime {X} and he'd have to uh {NW} when they'd they'd come a uh the river would rise you know? And all of this la- swamp land would get covered in water. {NS} then um he'd have to go and get the {D: horse} and hogs out of the swamp
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  to keep them from drowning because they would get on little islands and uh so they'd have to go there and get those and and bring 'em out until the water went back down.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh were were there any special kinds of {X}
176:  In the wintertime when they you know in the spring the most of the time when they big rains would come, you know? And fill up the the rivers'd be full and
Interviewer:  Did this happen every year?
176:  No, not
Interviewer:  #1 {D: they'd have a} #
176:  #2 every year #
Interviewer:  was it just
176:  no it was just whenever they they call 'em freshes then you know, they'd say it was fresh was on and they'd have to get the stock out.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. That's when the river would {D: rise}
176:  Well the river would rise and we'd have a lotta rain and all the um the lakes in the in all in the swamp you see, would get filled up
Interviewer:  #1 {D: Uh-huh.} #
176:  #2 with water. #
176:  And uh then there'd be little islands and the stock would get on those places where it wasn't any water and they couldn't get any food or anything so they'd have to go get 'em.
Interviewer:  What would they get 'em in?
176:  In boats.
Interviewer:  In boats?
176:  Yeah. {X} tie 'em down the hogs and bring 'em out {NS} and they'd have a wagon out out on the edge you know where they could load 'em on.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about um how how'd y'all {X} did y'all have chickens on
176:  Yeah I had plenty of chickens and turkeys and and uh cows to milk.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  And made butter.
Interviewer:  {D: Okay} now um what about the what was there someone around or did did each of you do your own milking and cow-
176:  #1 Oh well we did #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  yeah we did the
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 milking #
Interviewer:  {D: fresh lies}
176:  No no we did the milking by hand.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  We did the milking by hand.
Interviewer:  So the the {X} dairy products you
176:  #1 No, no #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  no dairy products at that time. And we had uh a churn, big old churn you know, it would hold about two gallons or three. And it had a a thing and it had a a the top on it had a hole. And there was a long uh handle to it and then it had four uh pieces on there which made the {NS} thing that made the i- the to m- churn the milk with.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And you just done that up and down in the jug, in the uh
Interviewer:  Churn?
176:  Yeah, it was made out of uh copper stuff, you know.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS}
176:  And uh
Interviewer:  How long would it take to now this is to make butter?
176:  Yeah that's to make
Interviewer:  #1 make butter? #
176:  #2 butter. # Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  How long would it take to {X}
176:  #1 well it's #
Interviewer:  #2 churn #
176:  {X} sometimes it wouldn't take so long
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Just according to how old the cream was.
Interviewer:  Um
176:  Took longer with the lo- real fresh cream. To make the butter.
Interviewer:  Is that where you just poured the cream in the
176:  #1 Poured the #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  cream in the churn. Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  And start churning?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  {NW}
176:  Start beating it
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 {D: you know} # just do this uh handle up and down in that hole that's in there and that was to keep it from spattering
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
176:  #2 you see # when this
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  Yeah. Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Um and they had you chicken {D: up against your egg}
176:  Yeah yeah I had plenty of chickens
Interviewer:  #1 and #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  the ends uh
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: eat} #
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  {D: food} um
176:  now we cured he uh my father cured all of our meat um {NS} the {NS} he killed the maybe five or six big hogs at the time and then he'd um my mother she made uh used the uh intestines to make uh sausage.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  You didn't, there was no um bought uh stuff then that you'd get to make 'em and she had to make 'em out of that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh she always would save 'em and uh put 'em in salt.
Interviewer:  #1 Dry #
176:  #2 {X} #
176:  I let 'em salt salt 'em down good and then um we had a big smokehouse, it was huge thing and they smoked the meat and dried it out. And then he had a big box when it got dried then he'd put this meat in that box when it was cured.
Interviewer:  {D: Uh-huh.}
176:  And we had meat year-round.
Interviewer:  Um what kinda box {X}
176:  Well it was after he built the box it was tied, it was built with an it had a leg kinda like a freezer.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh no insects could get in there to it you
Interviewer:  #1 Uh- #
176:  #2 see. #
Interviewer:  huh.
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And the beef he'd always kill you know a beef and and he'd um uh cut it up and salt it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And then he would take it and um well if it didn't have too many strings, he used bear grass. And it it's a it's a strong thing that grows in the woods
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and you just go and cut you down a heel of that and um then you could s- strip it and make a string and that's what they used to hang the meat with
Interviewer:  {D: how}
176:  #1 and that #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: made it} # strong?
176:  It was strong and you hung the meat on there made a hole in the ham uh in the leg part and put that bear grass in there.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And hung and tied it and then hung it on a stick. And then hang it up in the smokehouse. And so that's where he did the y- uh he salted it down first and then when he took it out of the salt then ya put it on the s- and hang it up, wash it, wash all the salt off there so he did the beef like that and but he hung the beef outside in the sun and it dried. And when it got dried out then uh then you could pack that away.
Interviewer:  Uh would insects wouldn't insects
176:  #1 Well we didn't have #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 we #
Interviewer:  #2 around or #
176:  we didn't have any insects to {D: map} anything at that time. Once in a while there'd ba- be some flies that would get on it
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 but #
176:  always looked it to see if there's anything on it you know before we'd put it away and that made the best uh stew beef and the best steak that you ever eaten. Uh it made the prettiest brown gravy, you just you just eat it {X} {NW}
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  Yeah it was really good.
Interviewer:  {NW} now what about the uh entrails? You said your momma took the en- #1 trails and she #
176:  #2 Yeah, sh- #
176:  she saved them to make sauce.
Interviewer:  How did she go about making sauce?
176:  Well they um she had to after she s- put 'em down in salt, let 'em stay I don't know I don't remember how long but then she would take 'em out of there and wash 'em good after sh- she done washed 'em good before she put the salt
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 in them. #
176:  And then she peeled it out. There was a inside and a outside of that intestine.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And then she peeled that inside out And she used the outside to stuff the sausage in.
Interviewer:  What uh what would go in the stuffing besides
176:  Well uh beef and pork and uh and pepper and sage which she grew.
Interviewer:  Wow.
176:  She grew her own sage and she made that her own pepper.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And we ground that up, we had a grinder and we ground up the uh pepper and sage she'd always put it in the stove and let it get real dry you know? And then you could just grind it up right quick. She had a sausage grinder and it- and had several uh plates on there that you could put in one for fine anything's grind fine like that you know? And that's what she used.
Interviewer:  Now what about um your bread and vegetables? Do you grow them?
176:  Grew all of our veg- vegetables and we had uh the corn was carried to the mill and and ground and uh meal and grit. Our grits and meal were ground at this mill.
Interviewer:  Right there in {D: Juan Harris} County?
176:  Yeah yeah there was one in the county, we had there was one out at {D: Grimm} where we used to take of the
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 corn. #
176:  And they'd always take about uh triple bushels at the time so we wouldn't have to grow something.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh did they charge you to ground it?
176:  They took a toll out of it. They took so much
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 that they #
176:  of the meal or the grits as a toll for grinding the grinding it.
Interviewer:  Wow. {NS} {X} pay.
176:  No, he didn't have to pay anything he just {NS} you know they took a toll out of it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh what about the {NS} bread did your momma'd make the bread?
176:  Yeah she made the biscuit and uh well she'd have some old waffle irons
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and sometimes she would make some waffles.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS} Um what about your syrup? {NS}
176:  Yeah {D: they had} plenty of syrup, made lots of cane, grew grew the cane.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And we'd just have barrels of syrup. {NS} And uh made the brown sugar.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  They had a barrel a large barrel that they'd fill up with this {NS} syrup that they'd already you know they'd cooked the syrup and put it in there and then I I I {NS} they put a there had something on there like a you'd pour it in the barrel and it had a faucet like and that dripped out the molasses.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And then there was a trough that that molasses run down and went into another barrel. And uh so when they got uh when it got all dripped out then you had this {NS} pretty brown sugar.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. You didn't have any {D: prop white?}
176:  No no white sugar hon- no no
Interviewer:  #1 When was the first that #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  you had {D: saw the}
176:  Well the white sugar uh my daddy would go to uh Savannah once in a while, about twice a year and buy a barrel of coffee. Uh it was not ground you know, it was just green coffee. A barrel of coffee and a barrel of sugar and a barrel of flour, maybe two or three barrels of flour. Uh and uh he just {NS} things like that is what he he'd bring back. {NS} He had a two-horse wagon and then it took him a long time {NW} maybe a week to go to Savannah and back.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And get what he had to have. And then he left uh we had what we call a commissary uh that what he put all the stuff in there and then the people around us that lived the nearest they'd come and buy some of those meal and I mean uh flour and sugar and coffee.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Now when he didn't go just for y'all
176:  #1 no the #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: but he went for} # the whole community?
176:  Yeah. Well he when he'd make the trip he'd always bring because it was so far he'd always bring a lot you know {NS} so we we could divide with the with the neighbors, the people that didn't weren't able to go over there.
Interviewer:  #1 What #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  about if y'all ran out? Did did you ever run out or did he get enough? I mean
176:  Well he always got enough to last until
Interviewer:  #1 before #
176:  #2 {X} # he went back again.
Interviewer:  And he'd go back before you ran out?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  {D: And it worked out} about two times a year?
176:  About twice a year I think that he went {NS} to Savannah to get this {NS} and it was all in barrels.
Interviewer:  Um what now the the commissary, would they be at the house? Or
176:  #1 No. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # or be
176:  No it was outside. It was um about a hundred and fifty yards from the house I'd guess, that's about how many yards.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {C: } and it was just a what? a
176:  Well it was a house and he um {NS} it was in it, it had steps that you'd grow up in it {NS}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh and he put that stuff in there and of course they always kept it locked up. {NS} And um he had shelters on each side and put the buggy on {C:} {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And {C:} {D: had a} {C:} the other shelter and
Interviewer:  {D: and just rent a} {C: } {X}
176:  {D: one around}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Uh-huh. It was big it was a big belt big room
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 was a # huge room, kept other things in there besides that {X}
Interviewer:  {NW} {NS}
176:  {X} {X} {D: sweep} {X} and bank 'em and uh {X} uh dig a hole {X} place and fill it full of straw and then put the cover them with straw and then put {X} and th- with the {D: potatoes too}
Interviewer:  {D: people think}
176:  {X} you dig 'em and let 'em kinda dry out before you {X} {X} we called 'em banks you know, it was a bank of potatoes, a bank of {X}
Interviewer:  Well what when you {D: need a ton} you'd just go out
176:  Just go out there and dig a hole right in the just uh dig a hole in that dirt and just
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh it was on the south side so that it wouldn't be so cold
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 you know and # it was still good and tight and my daddy built shelves and uh {NW} it had a {D: that had} pieces across the board across to keep the jar from falling out. And you set the jars in that in that all the way around it was uh shelves you know
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
176:  #2 to put the # food on.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh she canned a lotta my mother canned a lotta lotta we had uh peaches and pears and uh apples and we had uh we had cherry trees and uh we had pecans, but they were not the big kind, they were this all the small kind.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And we had walnut trees and we'd crack walnuts at night and uh around the fire.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  and uh she'd put u- them up in jars and put 'em in this fruit house. #1 They'd #
Interviewer:  #2 They #
176:  use.
Interviewer:  that's just where they stored all the canned
176:  #1 yeah, uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 canned fruits? #
176:  That's where we put all
Interviewer:  Um did y'all plant all food then when you
176:  Well
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 they # they planted 'em I guess, my father and mother did uh my grea- my grandfather and grandmother lived at this house, you see, my father bought that old {X} We continued to live there.
Interviewer:  Um about how {D: old was the house?}
176:  Well I the house I imagine was about a hundred and fifty years old when we left it. #1 There the #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
176:  {X} my daddy built a new house
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
176:  #2 and uh #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  That was in nineteen and five.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {X} And uh well now um well about the house how many stories?
176:  Two stories.
Interviewer:  Two stories?
176:  It had two stories. It had it was a had a porch all the way around two sides.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And then we had uh uh had two had four rooms upstairs and there was uh four rooms downstairs.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And a big hall, open hall there was no doors it was just open. It went down to the living room, downstairs.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And um we had a {D: potter} on one end uh one {D: but} room we used as a {D: potter} that was where the organ was and we had uh I believe there was a bed in there.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And some chairs, rockers and uh then upstairs, we had two bedrooms downstairs and and uh wa- upstairs was three bedrooms but they used one it my grandmother had the old spinning wheels and the looms and everything was in one room
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and we didn't ever use that room, we just left all this uh stuff in there because she had several spinning wheels and uh those took up a lotta room.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And that's what she my grandmother used when she made all their clothes, she uh spun the thread and dyed it and uh
Interviewer:  {NW}
176:  made the made the even the pant. And she knitted the socks.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh my mother helped to do all that too when she was course she was young when she married and but she learnt she did all that too, she helped 'em with the and she knew how to run the spinning wheel {D: run the} little looms and everything to make the thread and and then to weave it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  She knew how to weave it.
Interviewer:  And ya'll had all this in this room?
176:  Yeah had it all in that room. Well now you see my daddy bought out the um my grandmother's estate and paid of all that and everything. We at that time before he bought that we were living in a- nother house that was on this s- on this estate
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 you see. #
176:  Well then when my daddy bought out all the heirs and he uh we moved into this big house.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Well I guess uh it um how many acres did your grand- did your grandparents have when they were
176:  Well they had about um four lots. Four lots of land. And then my daddy bought some more uh after he had paid this off while he bought more land and he owned about six lots of land when he died.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um did uh now where where there any um now you said there were two stories.
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 Did # did you have uh a story and a story? {X} like at the top?
176:  {D: we had}
Interviewer:  top of the house? Or
176:  You mean closets and all?
Interviewer:  well closets and things
176:  No there's no closets in the house.
Interviewer:  No?
176:  No, no closets.
Interviewer:  #1 And what #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  would you do to keep the clothes in?
176:  Well we just uh um maybe my mother would um put a string up, a wire and hang the clothes on that and she'd cover it with a sheet to keep dust and all from getting on it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {D: Uh-huh.}
176:  And there there was no what we she hung 'em on was sticks. She'd take a stick and and put a wire on it and hang it up.
Interviewer:  {D: And no you hung it}
176:  There wasn't no clothes hangers, no I ne- I never had no clothes hangers at that time.
Interviewer:  {X} Um what about uh was there now the house, was it sitting on was there a foundation to the house? Or
176:  It was blocked with wood blocks, it was on wood blocks.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And the kitchen was built off from the house and it had {X} back end of the house, that was before they had stoves when that was built. And the kitchen was built off and then there was a walkway built and it was covered that you'd go from the house to the kitchen.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And um and it went out on the porch and then this what it went from the porch out to the kitchen.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And at the end of the kitchen was a huge fireplace that they used to cook in before they got a stove.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And um and in wo- in one room they uh my father was a my grandfather was a postmaster and at that time there was no post office any closer than Baxley.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And um so he had a post office there in that house. It was a good-sized room and he had the pigeon holes place for put everybody's mail and they came there on horseback to get their mail.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And um so that's what that room was used for. And then this big kitch- en was all{NS} {D: together} it was you had your uh table which was homemade
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and your chairs was all homemade, made outta hickory.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And the ch- chair seats was made out of cow hides.
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh they tanned 'em and then s- stretched 'em while they were wet and uh tacked tacked 'em on there, nailed 'em on onto this uh wood and it was made outta hickory. And the
176:  And then the the men made the chairs and the tables and things like that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And then they built this big fireplace, had uh hooks that you hang the uh pots and things on to cook
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 in. #
Interviewer:  Um what you know and you uh you chopped your wood to do
176:  #1 Yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  yeah we had fireplaces and all we'd use wood had fireplace uh downstairs and in um and uh then I had a stack um chimney in one in between the bedrooms, they had a stack chimney.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And um at the end of the house I had one big uh in the living room where what we called we called a {D: potter} at that time.
Interviewer:  {D: Okay}
176:  And it was just one single, and you had a fireplace upstairs and you had a fireplace downstairs.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um now the part of this that the the- were y'all use that like a {X} {D: room} would stay 'em together even in the evenings? Or would that
176:  #1 No, no. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  No that was uh that was when they had special occasions
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 and #
176:  and when we had company uh come in and maybe somebody come in to spend the night and they'd sleep in
Interviewer:  #1 That's #
176:  #2 there. #
Interviewer:  what
176:  #1 they #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {X}
176:  Yeah
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 like guest #
Interviewer:  room.
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh what what pieces of furniture {D: would you} {X}
176:  Well they were mostly just chairs that were made
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 you know # that was homemade. Uh they put would put uh cushions in the chairs and maybe a ruffle {NS} on that cushion and and the chair looks nice.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um and you said there was an organ?
176:  Yeah organ yeah.
Interviewer:  {D: Okay well}
176:  It was one of those uh regular old-timey organs
Interviewer:  #1 {D: Did you} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  a pump that you had to
176:  Yeah you had to
Interviewer:  #1 pump #
176:  #2 pump it. #
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah yeah you had #
176:  #2 {X} # to pump the organ.
Interviewer:  Did you play it?
176:  {X} I learned how to play that on that by ear, I learned how to play.
Interviewer:  Who'd you learn from?
176:  Huh?
Interviewer:  Who did you learn it from?
176:  Just sitting down and trying it
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 just picking out tunes #
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
176:  #2 {D: and fair} #
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  Um let me see and uh what about windows in the house?
176:  Yeah we had they had w- shutters. They didn't have uh glass windows, they had shutters. All upstairs they had shutters and um downstairs we had s- uh they had some windows, in the parlor they had some windows. And I think, it seems to me like the best I remember there was two windows uh on the front of the house in the bedroom. {NS}
Interviewer:  Well in other words when you threw open the shutters there, it's just air?
176:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 I mean there's no #
176:  There was no, they you when you closed the shutter why you it was dark in there. And we used lamps in the light.
Interviewer:  Um let's see um well what about the uh
176:  And after my daddy bought it he he got he went to Savannah and he got um he bought some windows to put in upstairs so we would have light.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  He put some windows upstairs in there but now in the kitchen he never did put any windows. Just left the {NS} like it was.
Interviewer:  What kinda you said you used lanterns for to see? To see by.
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # they're
176:  #1 lamps. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Lamps.
176:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 Um # {X} was there electricity, did they have electricity?
176:  No. No electricity
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {NW} # No. {NS}
Interviewer:  And what kind of lamps where they?
176:  Well uh they were uh lamps that you could take around you know. They were uh uh {D: God} I guess my daddy bought 'em in Savannah, I don't know. But most of 'em that we took around were had a handle to it and it was like a copper and you'd put your oil in that and you could take that handle and carry it and it had a globe on it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And you could take it and carry it from room to room, you know it's not easy broken.
Interviewer:  And uh you had fireplaces in each of the rooms to put it?
176:  No there wasn't a fireplace in one room but the other rooms there were all fireplaces.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Upstairs and downstairs.
Interviewer:  And you burned wood in 'em?
176:  Yes. Burned wood.
Interviewer:  Um and what about the plumbing that you
176:  #1 there's no #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {X}
176:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  {NW} no plumbing.
Interviewer:  Plumbing.
176:  No plumbing
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {D: had a} # {D: gave uh}
Interviewer:  Had a well?
176:  Had had a well. Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  And uh what about the bathrooms?
176:  Well it had you had you took a bath in the tub and uh then you used it mostly to {D: cope} they used was a a barrel sawed half in two?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  To do the wash in. And you saw the barrel half-way and then take one end each end of it was a tub.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And he'd put some kind of handle on it, thing like to cut out a place there that you run your hand in and tote it. Carry it.
Interviewer:  And uh {NS} let's see um {D: you said there was ports in the hall} for lamps?
176:  Right two sides.
Interviewer:  Two sides?
176:  Yeah on the the front and then down on the other side uh on the south side there was a porch all the way on there was two sides of the house that had a porch all the way around it. And then on the back uh there was a porch that went around the parlor, back part and then coming around and {D: in} where the uh hall came down and then went down on that side of the house.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Did you keep chairs or anything out on the porch?
176:  Yeah, we had chairs. Rockers.
Interviewer:  Ro-
176:  We had rockers on the porch, uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Um what about what kind of trees grow
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 flowers #
176:  #1 well at they #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  we had uh we had good many uh different things that uh spirea was a we had those and we had the uh uh dogwood it what we we it's not the dogwood tree, it was a bush. And they called it a dogwood, it had a flower like a dogwood, it had a yellow center.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Uh the petals on the flowers looked like dogwood but not like the dogwood we have now.
Interviewer:  Oh really?
176:  And we had sweet tree- sweet shrubs
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  and uh and they had uh tideberry trees.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh sycamore trees
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 for shade #
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  Um well did your um your uh your mother stay pretty much out of the the farm I mean
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Well yeah we l- yeah after # my father died in nineteen fourteen why she uh went ahead with the farm and stayed on there for a long, long time after he passed away in nineteen fourteen.
Interviewer:  Because all the work to be done {X} even though you stayed around the house you you were busy
176:  #1 Yeah. Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 Getting done with # all the work done.
176:  Getting all the work done.
Interviewer:  {X} um I don't think we've said about your mother how far {D: she'll be} did she go
176:  She went right about I imagine about the fifth grade.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. About the same as your
176:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 father? #
176:  Somewhere about that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh what about your grandparents? Do uh do you remember how far in school they went?
176:  No, I don't remember how far they went but my grandfather had a good education. eh- so far as uh you know long years ago they didn't have but two of the blue-back speller, blue-back speller and and then arithmetic. And he was real good, I mean he uh he learned a lots
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  whe- he he was very he had a good education so far as figuring and doing things
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 like # that, you know.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And my father did too.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  And uh that they learned it mostly themselves.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Not in school because they ain't learned to read and write and so they just naturally learned it. I guess through experience.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh now your your grandparents would where were they born? They must have been born around the
176:  Well I I can't I can't remember that now, when they were born but uh they were uh they were raised, I mean they came to this my grandfather came from {D: Crawford} County over here.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Uh on my father's side.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh he married my grandmother and uh she they home-steaded forty acres.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And we still have the old deed that he got {D: with the old} beeswax you know seal.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  That he got there at that time that's what they did, they would they would let you homestead forty acres.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And um so they each one of them homesteaded forty acres a piece, which gave them eighty acres.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And then they just go went to work and um um accumulated enough at that time I think that you could buy a land for twenty-five cents an acre.
Interviewer:  Oh goodness. {NW}
176:  {NW}
Interviewer:  {NW}
176:  And uh so they when he died why they uh they owned uh a good bit of land
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  uh he was the father of uh {D: let's see} about fifteen children because he married twice. And uh he gave each one of his children a uh so much land, you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Uh maybe the boys he gave them a half a lot and the girls um not quite that much.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Maybe a hundred and fifty acres, something like that but he gave 'em all and gave 'em stock you know
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  to start off
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  I asked {X} {D: for it}
Interviewer:  Um you said that they both homesteaded forty acres to your grandmother and your grandfather?
176:  Yeah
Interviewer:  #1 yeah #
176:  #2 where #
Interviewer:  she could come down and homestead
176:  #1 Yeah she could go yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 yeah she could #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  homestead forty acres and he could homestead
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 forty. #
Interviewer:  Uh now how did the homesteading work after keep it for somebody you
176:  #1 No that was their's #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  when they they got back to the States somehow or another the State give the deed you see.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  They and they would let each one homestead forty acres.
Interviewer:  And you took the land and wor-
176:  #1 and #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  worked it, yeah. Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And lived on it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And they did and they {NS} uh uh {X} I mean a good bit of property.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh they were real thrifty and he was the first they were the first my grandfather owned the first cookstove in the {NS} {NS} {D: Harriton} Uh-huh.
176:  in that in that uh county.
Interviewer:  What what was
176:  He got it from Savannah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What kinda {D: stove} could do?
176:  Well it i- it seemed like it was a home comfort {NS} best I remember it seems to me like that was the name of the stove, home comfort.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What was it made out of? It
176:  Iron.
Interviewer:  #1 {D: Uh-huh.} #
176:  #2 It was # iron.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  And what what did he burn in it? What would you put I mean what would you use to what made it {X}
176:  Wood.
Interviewer:  Wood
176:  #1 wood yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: from the inventory?} #
176:  yeah yeah we used wood.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  It was a wood stove.
Interviewer:  Because before that {X} at that time were you using the fireplace? I mean
176:  #1 Yeah yeah, they had to use cook in the #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  fireplace uh-huh. Yeah.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  And he was a justice of the peace uh he held court
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and he had this post office and uh my grandmother was a midwife.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  At that time there was no doctors {X} at all and it was so far until she studied and an- learned to be a midwife.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  And uh
Interviewer:  #1 I #
176:  #2 so #
Interviewer:  wonder what she had to {NS} to do to become one?
176:  I don't know what she had to do. I don't remember but but she uh she was, she was a midwife.
Interviewer:  {D: Uh-huh.}
176:  And she uh used she they made medicine.
Interviewer:  {NW}
176:  uh he and my grandfather uh her and my grandfather and grandmother.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And they'd go in the woods and get dig herbs and and make medicine {D: of their own fastening} {X}
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 and the first # one thing or another.
Interviewer:  This is for their own use?
176:  Their own use, yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh and {D: it say} they pretty much had to take care of their own? Their own
176:  #1 {D: Their yeah.} #
Interviewer:  #2 {{X} #
176:  #1 the how #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: yeah} # how far, how much trouble would it be to get a doctor?
176:  Oh well then then uh it was I expect about twenty miles or further to Baxley.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  To get a doctor if they if you could get one. Uh they didn't have but uh maybe one or two doc- one doctor I imagine was always there.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And um he couldn't just couldn't get a doctor, you know a not an emergency.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And um so they used they the doctors they you know had to doctor themselves and and she was a midwife and did did that kind of work.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 Um # there there weren't any hospitals ar-
176:  #1 Oh no no, no hospitals at all no #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {X} {D: How long did they take} {X}
176:  #1 Well #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # do you remember
176:  I can remember when the first hospital was built here.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Dr Jim Hall came here from Douglas.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh built a hospital right where the um um the uh Bank of Hazlehurst is now.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Got along in there {D: went back} {X} where the post office is.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Well he built a post off- I mean a
Interviewer:  Hospital?
176:  hospital there and uh that must've been in about nineteen and ten.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Nineteen and nine or nineteen ten that he built this hospital. And that's the first hospital I ever seen.
Interviewer:  What did they call it? {X}
176:  Jim Hall Hospital. {D: called it}
Interviewer:  and now it was already Jeff Davis County then?
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah, cuz Jeff #
176:  Jeff Davis was the mayor of the county in nineteen five.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh what about Hazlehurst? when was it named Hazle- when did when did there become a city in Ha- in Jeff Davis
176:  #1 Well #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  um when did Hazlehurst become a city?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  A town you mean.
Interviewer:  Town.
176:  Well I think they were it was already uh a small town here at that time. Uh they had put the railroads in here the Southern railroad
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh this feller Hazlehurst was the supervisor
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  of putting down the railroad.
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 of # the track through here. And uh he stayed here and they {D: was} a hotel had been built before that came through.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And it was over there where the Big J supermarket is now, that's where the hotel was built.
Interviewer:  Right across from the um {D: depot}
176:  #1 Yeah, yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  just across from the depot.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And um so the men stayed there you know and this feller Hazlehurst stayed there at the hotel and um there was a good many, there was several stores here already before and it was uh I believe they called it Eight-and-a-half before, I don't know why they called it that but it was something uh about um lumber city to Hazlehurst.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  From the river to Hazlehurst, but anyway, they called it Eight-and-a-half I believe
Interviewer:  It it was just a a town or community?
176:  Yeah it was uh {D: but} of course there was farming, you know where the cemetery is there now. That was a field.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh uh there was uh fields all where people farmed right up round
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  and hogs and cows would come uptown
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
176:  #2 it was just #
176:  it was just uh {D: your} wood stores you
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 see # there was no brick buildings or anything at that time but after they got the railroad built why uh people began to come in and {X}
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 and make have stores # and they built then some uh brick stores.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And but before that we had no {X} we didn't have uh courthouse or nothing like that yet.
Interviewer:  When was the courthouse built?
176:  That I don't remember.
Interviewer:  {X} I wonder how long
176:  #1 must've #
Interviewer:  #2 it may #
176:  been about nineteen uh nineteen and eight or -nine, somewhere along
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 there #
176:  is when the courthouse was built.
Interviewer:  And the {D: big 'un} the original court-
176:  #1 That's the #
Interviewer:  #2 house #
176:  #1 yeah, that's #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
176:  the one that was built.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um now did they just have you said to get some brick stores 'un- until then you had to go to other cities like to Savannah to get supplies? Or or were there some other
176:  #1 Well they #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: small} #
176:  #1 they got #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  yeah, they got uh they uh after the uh some folks moved here and built up you know, it was just a little community you might say.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  Uh but then different ones then went and the- and put up a store {X} um c- Mr Weathermay, Mr Top Weathermay he built him a store.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And built it out of brick.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh Mr Henson right where the {NS} right where the uh ice house is
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 down there #
176:  well he had a a store there what he sold it just uh and also Mr Weathermay did too. Uh they sold stuff by the barrel.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh- #
176:  #2 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  huh.
176:  Uh they wouldn't, they'd dish it out but if you wanted to buy a barrel of flour or a so is uh you know why you you bought it by the barrel. Now they had all the flour you got then and sugar was in barrels.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh but after it begin to get more people coming here you know and it would after they built the railroad then through
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  they did come more people to live in here and so uh they got to handling more stuff you
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 see # more uh food uh different kinds of stuff uh uh you see you could go to this place uh Mr Henson's over there and you could buy uh ready-to-wear men's clothes you
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 know? # Overalls
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
176:  #2 and #
176:  Brog- uh brogan shoes is what they called 'em then.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  Uh work clothes, you know, he handled that in there with his groceries and and he handled all kinds of uh uh gear for mules you know
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  that they had to plow with
Interviewer:  #1 what did he #
176:  #2 he had to #
Interviewer:  call his store? Uh
176:  General Merchandise. General Merchandise. So you could get most anything at his store.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  Used to have to buy.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {X} {X} um well let's see um {X} {X} um the type when when did the first post office then come in {X}
176:  Well that's that was after the county was it was it was made a county and um it was a very small post office and um it uh {NS} I'd say that that must've been around nineteen and ten.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {D: All this was} then all
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 this # happened right around after the
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 railroad #
176:  #1 Yeah yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 came through here. #
176:  after the railroad came through why they different things you know, they {X} put the post office in.
176:  And then later then they had people take mail.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  It was later after that that they had mail routes, you know
Interviewer:  #1 Uh- #
176:  #2 take #
Interviewer:  huh.
176:  Take the mail out.
Interviewer:  Did they have {X} what were they
176:  Travel in? Horse-and-buggy.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  Uh-huh. Yeah they traveled in horse-and-buggy.
Interviewer:  How long would it take a letter to get to from um {NS} say Atlanta? {X}
176:  Well it wouldn't take so long, um the routes was um they that's what they called 'em then you know
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 they #
176:  the uh route was not so long and of course they had horse-and-buggy and they uh would make the route maybe uh in two days.
Interviewer:  Now were do you didn't get mail everyday
176:  #1 No, no, no. #
Interviewer:  #2 didn't get it everyday? #
176:  About every
Interviewer:  #1 every other #
176:  #2 other day. #
Interviewer:  day.
176:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And of course the mail would
176:  Now when they first started, I think it was once a week.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {X}
176:  {D: About once a week that we got the mail.}
Interviewer:  Well now you said that your grandfather had a post office {D: out}
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  {X} well now how, where would he get the mail from?
176:  From Baxley.
Interviewer:  He he'd have to go back to Baxley
176:  #1 go go to Baxley and get it #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  and then bring it there and and then people would come on horseback there to get their to pick up their mail.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What was the name of the community {X} or was there a name?
176:  {NS} well I I don't remember there ever being a name
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  I don't remember that. {NS} If there was a name I don't remember it.
Interviewer:  Where is it now? What
176:  It's back in the Altamaha Section.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Back out in the it's about thirteen miles from here.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Now where did you move to to the city {X} to Hazlehurst?
176:  When I moved to Hazlehurst?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Well now uh see when I married I moved out in the country on the other side of town.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Now I was living out in the Altamaha Section whenever I married. And uh then I moved out in the uh on the Bell telephone route
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Out towards Nicholls.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  And we lived on a farm there until my husband died in nineteen and sixty four.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh then in sixty he died in January nineteen sixty four and I bought this house here
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  in uh that {X} that same year and moved up here in sixty-four.
Interviewer:  {D: about sometimes}
176:  #1 Fifty- #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  four.
Interviewer:  Fifty-four.
176:  Yeah he died in fifty-four. And I moved up here in October in fifty-four.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And I've been living here ever since.
Interviewer:  And your your parents were born and uh raised in
176:  Yeah in Appling County which
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  is
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Jeff Davis now. #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  #1 {D: something} #
Interviewer:  #2 It would # {X} what county did they put together to
176:  Uh it was Coffee County and Appling County.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  They took off
Interviewer:  Ha-
176:  some off of bo- both counties and made Jeff Davis.
Interviewer:  Now what would is the the river is the boundary?
176:  The river is the boundary, uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Now whi- which one of the rivers?
176:  Altamaha
Interviewer:  {X} And also um the Ocmulgee is up here isn't it? The um
176:  #1 Ocmulgee #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # a between Jeff Davis and {X} i- is there no
176:  Da- Ocmulgee is further on up. Now it may reach into Jeff Davis but I think I think it's
Interviewer:  #1 further #
176:  #2 further #
Interviewer:  on up.
176:  Further on up, uh-huh.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  Yeah I think it's it's on {D: Telfair} on up further up than
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Telfair there.
Interviewer:  Well now you s-
Interviewer:  When you said that you wore home sundresses during the day now what about what was your Sunday dress?
176:  Well they were out of uh what they call percale.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  There was no silk or nothing like that
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  those days they just had what they call percale dresses.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh they were you know made and made kinda a little fancy and
Interviewer:  Yeah. Yeah
176:  But the homespun dresses were just plain {D: you know}
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  for us to work in.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um and your school dresses, that what did they look like? Where
176:  #1 Well #
Interviewer:  #2 they #
176:  They were out of the
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 percale. #
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  But we didn't wear them after we got home we got home we'd take them off.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh uh maybe uh have two and wear one one day and one the next, and we wouldn't wash 'em maybe about once a week.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh. Just wear 'em to school? #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Yeah just wear 'em to school # keep 'em
Interviewer:  Keep 'em
176:  Whe- we knew to keep 'em clean and not tear 'em up
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 or # mess them up.
Interviewer:  Did you have um anything when you were working and you {X} something, you wear anything that go over? {X}
176:  #1 No #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 no. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 No #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  just wore the
Interviewer:  Working in the kitchen or anything would you wear
176:  Apron.
Interviewer:  {D: And wear a}
176:  #1 and wear an apron #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  {D: under it} uh-huh.
Interviewer:  And it where they um just it comes in a loaf? Or di- what did it {D: cover}
176:  #1 Cover. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 Cover, yes. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  {D: and you made} those too?
176:  Yeah, my mother made 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh what about you know uh shoes? Where would you go to buy shoes?
176:  Well uh you that was one of the uh one of the bad thing about it we wouldn't get to go and try on the shoes, we'd just have to uh my mother and daddy would have to go and buy 'em and then bring 'em you know and uh and most of the time they were too big or {NW}
Interviewer:  But you'd
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 had # to wear 'em?
176:  we had to wear 'em, yes.
Interviewer:  {NW}
176:  Yeah. They're they just had to guess at what size we wear, maybe they'd measure our feet before they left. And see what they uh they'd get 'em uh large enough that they didn't hurt our {X} they'd think they wouldn't hurt our feet but they did because they were too large
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  most of the time.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  But we've always supplied of a pair of shoe and I can remember the first time that uh we had any um bought candy that was uh ma- my mother {X} would make candy
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 you know, # she put peanuts in it and we'd pull it and uh make candy like that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  But um I could remember the first candy that we uh had and it was uh after I was I'd say must have been about nine eight or nine years-old.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh the wh- store she had then you know and they had uh fancy candy. And uh so my mother bought some and put it in our stockings on Christmas.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  That that was the first time I remember we always had in our stockings for Christmas, we always had homemade stuff, you know, cookies {NS} and that she'd make and uh {NS} stuff that she she'd make you know?
Interviewer:  What
176:  #1 and #
Interviewer:  #2 what # was the candy like? Just {X}
176:  Well it was uh it was fancy, it was made out like stars and it had that um uh {NW} it looked shiny you know, like the uh sugar on top {X} that's in candy?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-
176:  Well it was a sugar and sparkling you know and we thought it was just one #1 of the prettiest things that ever was #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  {NW}
Interviewer:  {NW}
176:  {NW} we Santa Claus brought us some candy.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  You know.
Interviewer:  Well what else would you get for Christmas?
176:  Well she'd al- she always made our dolls and things you know, to play with
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and dress 'em and uh she just sewed sewed up {D: the pack} and put cotton in 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about your brothers? What would they get?
176:  Well they uh had uh there there wasn't much for them to get.
Interviewer:  {NW}
176:  There's there was always something to wear or something you know
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  it was uh
Interviewer:  What kind of uh games did y'all play? {X}
176:  Well {NS} we played different things, just uh most of the time we had to work, didn't have time to play
Interviewer:  #1 Really? #
176:  #2 {NW} #
176:  we had to play, we had to work most of the {C: laughing} time, we didn't uh have many games to didn't have no nothing like you know we have today like children
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 have today. #
176:  No toys or nothing like that, we didn't have {D: only} what was homemade.
Interviewer:  Made things up? Just
176:  Yes.
Interviewer:  didn't you tell me the other day that {D: y'all'd uh} play post office?
176:  Yeah yeah in that old house and uh we'd you know write uh put things in there like we used coming to get our mail
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 and then # we'd have one in there that put the mail up and all that kind you know. We'd play post office and uh then we'd get up uh we'd make a playhouse and we'd use a uh old broken dishes and use broken things you know to to to put on the shelf
Interviewer:  #1 Uh- #
176:  #2 and #
Interviewer:  huh.
176:  {D: hadn't gotten any}
Interviewer:  Um what about you know where where would y'all have to go to buy your dishes or where where did {D: your} momma get her get her dishes?
176:  Savannah is where he where he got our first dishes.
Interviewer:  Now did she get those when she married? Or
176:  She must have got 'em right after she married on on their trips to Savannah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And her her um silverware? She
176:  Well she didn't have any silverware, she just had uh it was uh bone handles you know where there a knife I mean it was wood handles I mean, it was not bone handles,
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 it was # wood handles. And they were black, I can remember them well. And um and they were steel I reckon, uh maybe uh no it wasn't steel because they would rust.
Interviewer:  Huh.
176:  It wasn't
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 steel #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  and y'all would eat with 'em?
176:  Yeah. Yeah you had to you had to keep 'em well-buffed, you know to keep 'em from rusting
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 and keep # 'em dry.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Real dry. Keep 'em from rusting.
Interviewer:  Um what you you had all the different pieces that you needed and then you had the spoons and
176:  Yeah. Yeah. Yeah, had
Interviewer:  {D: and all} Uh what about your glasses? {D: What'd you do}
176:  Well uh we had some glasses but we didn't use 'em all the time, you know, just used 'em mostly when company
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 came. #
Interviewer:  What would you drink out of
176:  more cups.
Interviewer:  Cups.
176:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  And uh {X} didn't you tell me
176:  They were tin cups.
Interviewer:  tin cup?
176:  tin cups Uh-huh. {NS}
Interviewer:  Uh do you say {X} do uh do where was purpose {D: did you ever call coo did you ever} Kay-
176:  Well I was I imagine I was about fifteen years-old before I I knew anything about tea
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Uh I had heard about it but I
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 hadn't ever seen any. #
Interviewer:  seen any, uh-huh.
176:  I I {D: I was} I was fifteen or maybe over that
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  before I {D: say}
Interviewer:  That's um hard to believe. I mean to uh you know we're so used to tea, right? And I've been you know had tea all my life
176:  #1 Yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  {D: Don't see the}
Interviewer:  People drink it so much now
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: don't they?} #
176:  {X} And cold drinks she never knew nothing
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 about # nothing like that.
Interviewer:  Oh I remember but uh where would you keep um or did your did your parents or your grandparents, where would where would uh did you keep the uh stuff now that we'd keep in the refrigerator? {X} Keep it cold, keep it from spoiling, put it
176:  Put it down in the well.
Interviewer:  Put it in the well?
176:  Put it in a jug and have a rope and tie it around the jug and make the jug down in the well to keep it cool.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And it'd be just as cool and
Interviewer:  {X} pull pull it back
176:  Pull it back up, uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Uh and that was just that'd been the same well that you had to drink the water?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  But you didn't make the jug go down in the water.
Interviewer:  Just kept it down in
176:  Just lay it down so far and then tie it you know and that's
Interviewer:  To keep cool?
176:  It'd be cool, yeah real cool.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um now you said that you y'all really didn't go to very much but the church and
176:  And Sunday school.
Interviewer:  and Sunday school.
176:  Yeah my uh grandfather on my mother's side he never did learn to read or write
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and uh well she could, he learned to my grandmother had a pretty good education and she taught him how to write his name
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  but he had one of the best memories of anybody I've ever seen and he could remember my uh grandmother read read the Bible to him and he could remember.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  And so um he had a good many grandchildren that lived in that community
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and uh so he organized a Sunday school so that his grandchildren could go to Sunday school and learn the Bible.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  And uh so we all went every Sunday
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  to this this school house.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh went to Sunday school and he taught us and he could tell you uh {X} he knew it just as good as if he could read
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  just by my grandmother reading it
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 to him. #
176:  And he told us then and I was just a child, I mean ten or twelve years-old and he told us there was music in the air.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And he gived the scripture on it and he said that um that the Bible said before the end of time that people would go from one country to the other. As the ants on the earth.
Interviewer:  Huh.
176:  And uh they would be fine.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  But it didn't dawn on me that we would have airplanes.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  But that's what it had referenced to, you know and it um that that he he c- he knew that
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS}
176:  See he understood it but we were children and we didn't understand what he was meaning.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  But he said people would be going to and fro from other countries all over the world
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  uh before the end of time.
Interviewer:  {D: yeah} When was the first time that you ever saw an airplane?
176:  well I don't remember that now {NW}
Interviewer:  But it was out in
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 It's #
176:  been a long time uh you know
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 doesn't # seem like but uh it hasn't been too long either, has it? Since the Wright Brothers, you know
Interviewer:  {D: Right}
176:  first flew. Seemed like the best, I I don't remember now but uh at the time that Lindbergh uh flew the ocean
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  uh we were getting the be uh paper then
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  And we read about it
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {D: say} #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  But uh I don't remember now the first airplane that I ever saw.
Interviewer:  And what about a car? When was um you said you may talking about the horse-and-buggy
176:  Yeah. Well uh I think that the first car that I ever saw was Dr Hall after he c- came here and did
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} #
176:  Well he ha- he bought a car.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  And uh he had a driver, he couldn't drive it #1 so he #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
176:  {X} come and he would go into country then out to see people
Interviewer:  Uh-
176:  you know that was sick, that couldn't come in to the hospital. And uh that was the first car that I ever saw.
Interviewer:  Huh.
176:  Was Dr Jim Hall, he he bought the first car that I ever saw.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um {NS} {NS} uh what how did how many churches were the different denominations and of the church {X}
176:  #1 that was near me #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Uh-huh.
176:  Well there was a Methodist that was about uh three miles I guess, must have been about three miles, the Methodist church. And my grandmother u- sh- uh lived with us for a long time and she was Methodist.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Well that was on my father's side and on my mother's side uh my grandmother and grandfather were Baptist.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh {NW} so my uh mother and father and John they were Me- Baptist. And it was about five miles and we went in a two-horse wagon to church. And we had church once a month.
Interviewer:  Huh.
176:  Once a month.
Interviewer:  So'd you'd read the Bible in your home?
176:  Yeah. Yeah.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  And grandpa taught us {NS} he we had Sunday school every Sunday and we went and uh and he {NS} just you know he we didn't have any literature but he just taught us those thing- you know he read the script- I
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 mean he #
176:  quote the scripture to us you know and tell us where it was at in the Bible and {D: for us} to take our Bibles and look it up you know and and uh he'd have us read in the scripture and all and uh he taught us.
Interviewer:  And uh uh the o- {X} he had a a preacher with a traveling preacher I mean
176:  #1 Well he came once a month. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  Yeah. Came once a month. {NS} Ah to preach. {NS}
Interviewer:  And he uh {D: they made} were there any uh different preachers that were there
176:  #1 No just #
Interviewer:  #2 different # churches #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Now there # was a primitive Baptist about a mile-and-a-half, a mile-and-a-half.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh we went there sometimes and we went uh with grandma up to the Methodist church
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 sometimes. #
176:  But they'd none had it only once a month.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  They didn't have services only once a month but they'd have
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Saturday # Saturday night and Sunday. And
Interviewer:  What what about when uh someone died {D: how} {X}
176:  Well they had the they they had to build a casket {X} you see they had to make the caskets and and uh they uh uh carried the body to the casket to the cemetery with the
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 Wagon, you know? # And took it with a wagon. And they used {X} put wood you know and lumber and made the casket and most people that uh did that kind of work, they kept the lumber on hand. That was wide enough, the boards you know, they'd have it sawed and put up and save it. Have it up in a loft
Interviewer:  #1 {D: Uh-huh.} #
176:  #2 like? #
176:  And save it and then when somebody died, why they pu- built the casket. And they used cotton to line in there and they'd use some kind of cloth you know to for the lining
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  to cover the cotton up {X} and they'd tack it in there.
Interviewer:  {NS} and uh would a a preacher or someone come out to conduct the service?
176:  #1 Yes. #
Interviewer:  #2 Would you have #
176:  funeral services?
Interviewer:  yeah they'd have they'd have
176:  #1 services #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} uh-huh. #
176:  uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Um {NS} what about um any kind of {D: did the} would you have any kind of parties or anything at school with a big uh what kinda social events
176:  #1 Well they #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {X}
176:  uh usually have uh at the end of school
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  they'd have uh uh uh you know they they'd have uh speeches I mean the children would have to say things, you know
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  different
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  uh things and they'd have what they call dialogs at that time. Uh one'd say you know have some part and another one another part and
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and it always {X} in the daytime, they didn't have it at night.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  And then once a year uh we always uh had a a picnic dow- down at the river.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  We'd go to the river and have lemonade and {NS} uh have a picnic.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Carry out a lunch and {D: it's put down} just a bunch everybody you know {X} you know it was just we would have them. Enjoy it
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} # fry or something like that, you know.
Interviewer:  Would it be something with school or was it just if you work at the
176:  No just the community.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  Yeah just the Sometimes it they'd be better tha- in the school you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Instead of having a a program at the school that they'd just have a picnic
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 you know. #
Interviewer:  Um {NS} did where there uh did school have a bell or anything that the teacher'd ring to call you at school or did you just
176:  No we just went, they had a bell inside.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  That she that the teacher would ring when your time for you to come in
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  or time for you to go out. She would have to line up to go in and uh nobody rang, you had to just go and
Interviewer:  And {X}
176:  {D: straight on} Yeah.
Interviewer:  {NW} Oh goodness. Uh {NS} how would the uh talking about the river um how {X} did you ever get any fishing? Any
176:  No I never did do any fishing, my daddy used to uh to keep out baskets put out baskets to catch fish in?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And he did a lot of fishing and a lot of hunting.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  He he was great hunter and a fisher. And uh but um I never did.
Interviewer:  #1 What kind of #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  fish did he catch?
176:  Well he'd get uh catfish in the baskets.
Interviewer:  {NW}
176:  And then uh there's such seasons you know that you get those uh white shag and or other shag too. Um they call it shag season, it's in {X} ei- either it's in the Spring or in the Fall.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  I've already forgotten that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And um and there was carp. He'd get carp.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  Most people {D: with carp} And uh they come uh flood you know, water come out then they'd leave them in those uh shoes they called 'em then, but I call them lakes now. They call them lakes of water. And they'd come out of the river and get in them and them you could get 'em easily.
Interviewer:  Yeah. {NS}
176:  And uh he'd catch he he put baskets in the river to catch catfish.
Interviewer:  Uh what kind of hunting did he do? What
176:  #1 Well he just #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  squirrels and uh turkeys, wild turkeys there in the swamps.
Interviewer:  And y'all ate
176:  Yeah, yeah. And he had {D: pills} down in the swamp. {NS} uh in the what we call the swamp, you know it was uh down out from the river {NS} and he had {D: hills} there and he planted it in the corn and {D: uh chiffers.}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  We called 'em goobers or something now they but he called 'em {D: them days they called 'em chiffers.}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  {D: And they planted he plant chiffers and uh} peanuts.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And corn in those fields. Big fields and uh and the turkeys would come in there to to eat
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  {X} those peanuts and stuff you know {D: and I don't know} one morning he went, he'd get up early and go and before day and uh he had killed two big gobblers at one shot.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  They what were standing here in this row, this here peanuts and uh they heard the noise, heard him and they looked up and when he shot and {D: ki- killed} gobblers with one shot.
Interviewer:  Huh.
176:  {NW} But he liked to le- he liked to hunt and he he uh would get up early and uh go and
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  kill squirrels.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 Something like that. #
Interviewer:  Um now the {NS} when did your father raised uh grew corn?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  I mean uh cotton.
176:  #1 Yeah, yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # cotton?
176:  Yeah he grew uh that was {D: long been} they didn't have this short cotton they call it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Not very much. They had the they used that uh long staple
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  uh cotton and it didn't open up until {D: fall something}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and it was hard to pick. But uh it was made of weak stock too and high you know.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And um He- {X} then later uh they quit growing that long staple. Uh and went to go in the short staple, short-cutting they call it
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah #
176:  #2 and #
Interviewer:  because of the grain
176:  Yeah, yeah.
Interviewer:  Um and who would do the picking?
176:  Well all of us.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  The whole family and everybody that course he had several um families that lived on the farm that farmed for him.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh they picked too.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Everybody worked
Interviewer:  Did he uh appraise down the houses
176:  #1 Yeah, yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # and they would do work
176:  They they wor- they worked on sh- uh uh hou- uh house.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  They got half of the what
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 the men #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {D: paid} #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh what about this is big uh tobacco area? When, were they farming tobacco
176:  #1 Oh no. #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: then?} # #1 When #
176:  #2 No. #
Interviewer:  when did the tobacco
176:  Well it tobacco wasn't uh farmed in this county until uh let's see, it must have been long about nineteen-and-twenty-four.
Interviewer:  Really? It's that {D: long ago?}
176:  Yeah. Was very little bit grown I know before then, just maybe a just a little, if there was any grown before then.
Interviewer:  Up until then it was just cotton?
176:  Cotton and and uh corn and peanuts and stuff like that.
Interviewer:  And uh
176:  And they didn't, they didn't sell the peanuts, they just grew 'em for feed.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  And um the corn too, they didn't sell the corn. They just grew it for feed {NS} {NS}
Interviewer:  {D: Well} uh when tobacco came in it well did people start farming it instead of um cotton or
176:  #1 Yeah, yeah they #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  they grew they grew the cotton too and then and g- and g- started growing the tobacco and uh before they had the uh support {D: paths} onto the tobacco, everybody grew all they wanted #1 you know? #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
176:  And uh they just didn't get anything for it. And at that time they had to cook it with uh wood.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  They had to fire it you know? Keep the heat up in it to cook it. And uh so there was no {NS} uh no cookers, you know, no gas, nothing like that then to cook the tobacco. {NS} And we didn't get no price for it, ten and fifteen's the high was the high price, fifteen cents a pound
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  along there and they everybody was growing a lot you see.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Well there's they got the price control on that and uh you know and they haven't {D: allotted why} um the price
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 of it. #
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  Uh-huh. And then they got more uh export on it too you see {X} exporting tobacco.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see, I wanted to ask you about some of the uh Easter and {NS} {D: you know because we've been talking about} Christmas time but if we're talking about holidays what, what kind of um would you have much festivity? Or
176:  #1 No #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # you have
176:  #1 no. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # and all that?
176:  No, no. We didn't have
Interviewer:  #1 Pick out a tree #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  at Christmas?
176:  No we didn't have a Chri- not not whenever I was growing up.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS} Did you hang stockings?
176:  #1 Just hang the stockings #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 {D: on the} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  {D: and then}
176:  mantel and then {NS}
Interviewer:  Cuz you were told that Santa Claus was {D: wasn't}
176:  Yeah yeah, we were told that Santa Claus brought the stuff.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  But it almost mostly stuff that we didn't {X} didn't even think about it being something that we'd already need, we'd had you know
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 it just # proud to get
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
176:  #2 anything # we got.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  {NW} Uh would you have special church services at Christmas?
176:  No
Interviewer:  No
176:  #1 no not #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  no special church services. {C: mumbles}
Interviewer:  Well how how {NS} cold did it did it get? Did it usually get? Or is the same as it does now? About the weather here in the county um
176:  Well I think that we had colder winters back when I was a child, seemed to me like {D: well} in the in it just seems that way now, it might not've been. But um seems to me like we were had longer winters
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  than we have now, colder
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  It just seem that way.
Interviewer:  Would
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # where how would y'all make your coats?
176:  #1 Yeah, yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  my mother made the coats, uh-huh, made nice coats. You know we didn't know what it was to have a bought uh sweater
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 {X} # something like that, she always made our coats. Lined them with {D: outing}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  You know, so they'd be warm. {NS}
Interviewer:  And that's what your gowns would be? Would be
176:  out of
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 go- outing #
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  is that tha- that's like flannel? Or
176:  Yeah
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 that's flannel but they call it outing. #
Interviewer:  call it outing huh?
176:  Yeah. yeah, flannel again
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um {NS} and uh {D: your son was just named} well where there as many mosquitoes
176:  Oh no
Interviewer:  down here?
176:  No
Interviewer:  well wha- what {D: why do mosquitoes just kind of}
176:  I don't know, I don't we didn't mosquitoes then But we didn't have screens on the house. {X}
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  Just fly and stuff?
176:  Well the flies came in but not so bad though, seemed like uh we'd have a momma'd make take a newspaper or some kind of paper and and uh cut it then sew it onto a stick
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and that's what she'd find uh flush them out of the house
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 with you # know. Fan 'em out.
Interviewer:  Fan 'em. Uh-huh. Um what about {X} the the cotton {D: was it} just all your crops? Your vegetables and everything, did you have problems with bugs or
176:  No
Interviewer:  {D: anything else}
176:  no.
Interviewer:  #1 get into 'em? #
176:  #2 no, didn't have #
176:  we didn't have all that then. We didn't have a lotta insects
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 {X} # everything. Didn't have the boll weevil in the cotton then. And uh of course then I don't know uh must've been about nineteen-twenty-five before the boll weevil got {X} here
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And they had a {D: pour the} dusting, you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
176:  #2 Spray the # uh
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  but uh before that there was no insects at all.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  {D: Next year and} {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see talking about different {D: Crimnol is straight here the} {X} uh who do you know who who who the street's named after?
176:  Yeah, he was uh this street was named after uh Mr {B} lives here and he was our representative. Uh {X} the first, you know when the county was
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and uh that's why this street's named after
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 What about #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  some of the other streets names?
176:  #1 Well Henson street was named after #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  yeah the Hensons and
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. And #
176:  #2 That's #
Interviewer:  Weatherman?
176:  Weatherman, yes.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um
176:  Well some of the older settlers.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. But the name of the street {X} {D: are known} closed to county. I wonder what prompted 'em to name Jeff Jeff Davis.
176:  Well uh Jefferson Davis was a Southern
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and I think that was one reason why
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 that they #
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 another # county hadn't been named after him I guess.
176:  No and they named
Interviewer:  Like long after the War
176:  No
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 no. #
176:  So he went uh {NS} named it Jeff Davis {NS}
Interviewer:  {X} Do uh do you remember hearing any tales about the the War?
176:  Well yeah I heard my great-grandfather, I remember him, he was uh ninety-nine I think or ninety-eight or ninety-nine when he died and he used to come and stay with us, that was my mother's grandfather.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And he was in the Confederate Army.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh so there one day they turned him loose to come home uh they had to walk back.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh so they were coming through Virginia
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  and uh there was a good many of the soldiers together.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Uh the s- that was coming South and uh so they they were all just hungry, they didn't have anything to eat and hadn't had for several days and they were piling up logs to make 'em a fire to warm by to to lie down and rest and uh a coachwhip he said ran out from under one of these logs and he just grabbed him and threw him back in the fire and roasted him and ate him
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  {NW} And uh he said every time that he would uh attended the uh Confederate reunion or the soldiers you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS}
176:  That they always recognized him as the snake eater.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
176:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  {NW}
176:  The one that ate the snake.
Interviewer:  That what kind of a snake?
176:  Uh coachwhip.
Interviewer:  Now is that a
176:  No, it's not poison.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  It's not poison.
Interviewer:  Okay.
176:  {D: Well it's not of us} uh he would laugh and tell about that
Interviewer:  #1 and uh #
176:  #2 Uh-huh. # {NS}
Interviewer:  Well now was he uh {D: afraid he was}
176:  #1 No he wasn't #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  afraid, no he he was
Interviewer:  #1 Would #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  that far?
176:  #1 up that #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  far yeah and they had let 'em come home
Interviewer:  Yeah
176:  you see
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 sent 'em loose # to come home. And they had to walk it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. All that way?
176:  I don't know how far or how long it took 'em to come home but
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  It took 'em a long time to walk back.
Interviewer:  It took a while {X} And was he uh from from Appling? Or
176:  #1 Yeah, yeah he was from #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  Appling County.
Interviewer:  And that's {D: you and your great-grandmother}
176:  Yeah, that was my great-grandfather. And my uh grandfather uh on my father's side was uh he had a grits mill and uh so they let him stay, they didn't uh send him to {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  uh because he had this grits mill and he could uh grind meal and grits for the women and children that were left
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 you know? # that their l- husbands had to go and uh so they left him here to look, to do that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  To um so that he could make have so they could have food, you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah. {X} Uh would all the {X} were there any other men that would stay that didn't have to go out fighting? Uh
176:  Well now I I don't know
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 I guess I #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 I guess you'll never hear of them # {X} {D; telling about} you know, they he didn't have to go because he had this mill
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and he he could grind the meal and all and help to look after, they left him so he could uh they would they wo- women and children would have food.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. I wonder if uh in {NS} {X} when Sherman came through Atlanta, I wonder if they uh got down this this far.
176:  No they didn't uh they didn't come to um where they where my grandfather was living, they didn't come but they did come over in {D: Calfair.}
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  They came back over in in that part you know {D: uh Calfair took it at Wheeler in in uh} {X} County and those counties were took off {D: for Calfair}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh they did come back far but they didn't {D: come along} across the
Interviewer:  {NW} {D: No}
176:  Yeah!
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
176:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  see they came to s- they came on through through Savannah
Interviewer:  Yeah. Yeah
176:  #1 Yeah they came through Savannah and #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 # {D: Now for that thing} {D: the'd uh the biggest city are where y'all um}
176:  Well that was the closest
Interviewer:  #1 the clos- #
176:  #2 they # used to go to get
Interviewer:  #1 {D: did they} #
176:  #2 {X} # provisions yeah.
Interviewer:  So you know the a port?
176:  #1 Port, yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  I guess that um the boats would come in and all their stuff would be imported? Or
176:  Yeah
Interviewer:  It when when was the first time that you went to Savannah? {D: anytime?} you know whenever father would go, did you never went {X} had to {X} buy your shoes and everything.
176:  Yeah. Well he did uh when the first time he went?
Interviewer:  When was the first time you ever went to Savannah?
176:  Oh I didn't ever go.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  I didn't go 'til after I was grown
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} # 'til after I married, before I had went to Savannah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  We didn't live #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Y'all # y'all all just
176:  #1 we just stayed #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  stayed home, yeah.
Interviewer:  Um what would you do without the childhood {X}
176:  Well we just have 'em too much.
Interviewer:  Didn't have 'em?
176:  No
Interviewer:  {X} And you'd take care {D: of each other} {X}
176:  Well they we they finally got a {D: came a doctor to Dwell} which was eight miles from home.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh when I uh my
Interviewer:  Now uh we were talking about some of the childhood diseases or just a disease that anybody had and uh
176:  Well there was chickenpox and and whooping cough and the measles.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh and some once in a while we'd you'd hear some folks say then the uh typhoid fever. Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  But other than that, I don't remember any you know
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 yeah. #
Interviewer:  And you'd well what what would you do to take to take care of it? Would you have to
176:  #1 Well #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: spray it} # or
176:  well uh momma'd always put us to bed and give us teas and uh she used sassafras tea and uh different ginger tea and {X} one thing or another to break out the measles, you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  And uh and the whooping cough we just had uh she give us different things for that, it was mostly homemade remedies.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Made what she did. And uh whooping cough and the measles and the uh mumps.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And she'd just make us stay stay in bed 'til we got better.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about um um if someone had uh bad tonsils or appendix or something like this, what would they
176:  Well now that is something that we didn't we didn't know about appendix or nothing like that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And I just don't know, I don't think that people had that then.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  They may have
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 may have some # and died with it you see?
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 not knowing what it was #
Interviewer:  know that if it's a
176:  #1 No they didn't know about it #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # what it was?
176:  No.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um what do you remember uh about uh talking about your great-grandfather in the war um uh do you remember hearing about any of the soldiers getting sick while they you know they {X} get anything uh from water or anything? Or uh
176:  Well uh they had to drink out of the streams you know
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 when they # come. uh no I don't remember hearing 'em tell about that uh he talked about their their feet would be bleeding you know from frostbite.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  And uh they had when they were in the army they had they've have to go barefoot. You know they just didn't have their shoes would be, they'd be having to walk you see so much #1 and their #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
176:  feet'd get uh blistered and
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  from so much walking. And um there they had more h- he talked more about their feet and and uh getting frostbite
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 you know. #
176:  And all done uh anything else.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And that was in the um what was the name of the war?
176:  #1 Uh #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  Confederate.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh. Um well what now that's your great-grandfather. Was your
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  grandfather in that war? Or
176:  #1 No my #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  my uh my grand- that was my great-grandfather on my mother's side. But my grandfather on my daddy's side was the one that stayed home, he didn't have
Interviewer:  #1 Oh. Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  Yeah that's that's right.
Interviewer:  Um well let's see um what about and you said that they just really weren't any kind of a social events or anything, what about uh when when would you did you start dating or going out with other with uh
176:  Well
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 that was # after I finished school.
Interviewer:  After um
176:  #1 Yeah well you know #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  yo- going to school you know you just have a {NS} uh what they the ones that you go to school with
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Yeah #
176:  #2 you know and then grade school uh # you had a
Interviewer:  #
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 boyfriend there # {NW}
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
176:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  Uh they maybe what we uh uh home from school or something like that and carry your books.
Interviewer:  {D: Yeah}
176:  But uh to really date and have a date at home I didn't until after I got grown.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And um wha- what would you do to to go out? Uh would you um would the boy come to your house or would y'all go somewhere
176:  No we didn't go nowhere, we just stayed at home.
Interviewer:  And he'd come to your house?
176:  #1 Come to the house, yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {X} So uh well when uh
176:  That was horse and buggy days you see
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. So there wasn't a there wouldn't be anywhere much to go
176:  #1 No #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  there wasn't anywhere to go.
Interviewer:  No, uh-uh.
176:  Unless you went to church.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  That's the on- about the only
Interviewer:  #1 Were there ever #
176:  #2 place in #
Interviewer:  any dances? Or did you have
176:  Well we weren't allowed to go, we they were dance around about you know but we wasn't allowed to go to 'em.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  {NS} {X} my daddy died when in nineteen fourteen and and she had the responsibility of all of us children
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 you know # and so she just didn't allow us to go to any dances.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Now one time she {X} we wanted to see 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh they were having a square dance not too far from our home.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh we begged her to go with us and just let us see the dancing and we went and um stayed just a short while and then we went back home.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  But she didn't let us go to anything like that because she was always afraid there might be somebody there drinking {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  You know.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And so she didn't let us she didn't let us go
Interviewer:  {X} {D: yeah} Well um when you were married were y- you married in the church?
176:  No I was married at home.
Interviewer:  At home?
176:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
176:  Married in the in the living room.
Interviewer:  Yeah? Uh did you um have any attendants? Or
176:  No
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  #1 no. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {X}
176:  No.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  Didn't have any uh just had a wedding at the at the #1 home you know. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. # Uh-huh. And you made a new dress you had
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: to} # wear it?
176:  Yeah. Had a the preacher to marry me.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh.
176:  And uh my sisters all married at home too.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  We didn't want to have a church wedding.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Well now when uh Laura and Ellis married um your daughter did did
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 she # have a church
176:  #1 No. #
Interviewer:  #2 wedding? #
176:  No. No she she {D: had} she married at home too.
Interviewer:  Um {NS} {D: and} I'm trying to think of what other um okay we talked about the churches and uh school um what about um tell me the names of of your furniture, now this this piece right here, what what
176:  That's a chifforobe.
Interviewer:  And what what do you keep in it?
176:  Well there's a place in there to hang uh dresses.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Uh coats.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And then on each s- on the other side is drawers to put uh your laundry wear in.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {X} so is it strictly for a woman or would
176:  #1 Yeah that's what #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: does men's} #
176:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {X} Uh what about um did you have a a chest or something that you um you know did you collect, before you were married, did you collect um different
176:  #1 Different furniture? #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  Yeah, yeah I made a lot of things
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 you see. #
176:  And uh before like embroidering and crocheting and uh {D: crocheting} and things like
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 that. # I had before I married.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And quilts. I made the quilts and my mother helped me to would quilt 'em put 'em in a frame
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 you know. #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  {X} hung it up in the house and the frame and uh quilted the quilts.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um did you have a a chest or anything to keep all that in or did you just
176:  No I didn't have a chest
Interviewer:  They didn't have
176:  #1 No #
Interviewer:  #2 coat # chests
176:  #1 No they didn't have a chest then. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # that?
176:  I had a trunk.
Interviewer:  A trunk?
176:  Yeah, I had a trunk. {NS}
Interviewer:  Well what {X} what did y'all start out with besides your
176:  Well uh what we had when I got married what we had, my mother gave me a a bedstead and a mattress and springs and uh the pillows. And his mother gave him the same thing and four quilts.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh momma gave me four quilts. And I already had about three or four something like that that I had made myself and uh I had a good many pillowcases and sheets and things #1 {D: that you'd} #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
176:  you know that I'd embroidered, crocheted and done, you know fixed and uh then we had to buy we bought uh a stove and a table and chairs, just there's one of 'em right there
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  By the table in the dining room. And um just the s- necessities that we had to have
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  to start housekeeping.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh
Interviewer:  Now did you work when you started out? Or did you stay at home and cook
176:  #1 I taught school. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # you taught school, that's
176:  #1 The #
Interviewer:  #2 right. #
176:  first two years I
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 was married # I taught
Interviewer:  #1 That's right. #
176:  #2 school. #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  But you didn't get much for it then.
Interviewer:  Yeah. {NS} And w- and what was your husband doing {D: then}
176:  Well he was farming.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Yeah he was farming.
Interviewer:  Um
176:  He had a Model-T Ford and I'd go to school {D: to in light} morning in that car.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  {X}
Interviewer:  How far away was the school?
176:  About four miles from us where I taught.
Interviewer:  Well where would you find your gas to drive?
176:  Well I'd fill up the tank on Saturday
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  from the time
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Saturday # and it'd last all the week.
Interviewer:  Is that do y'all come in to get groceries?
176:  #1 Groceries and everything #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  supplies on Saturday.
Interviewer:  {X} And that was what everybody did?
176:  Yeah. Everybody came into town Saturday and got their groceries and {NS} their supplies for the week.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh. {D: God.} Um after you've uh quit teaching school then you just stayed around
176:  Stayed at home
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 yeah. # Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  And the
176:  helped on the farm.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh when did you uh {D: di- didn't you say} then you had a um did you have any kind of food store or a
176:  Yeah well he yeah he uh about I I guess we'd been married about four years and he started uh {NS} selling fertilizer
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And he had a store up here uh in town but we still lived on the farm and he came every day.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And um then when put in uh you know with the feed and seed.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  And fertilizer, he sold fertilizer, seed and feed and and he did that I don't know how many years before he died and then after he died I ran the s- store right on
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  for ten years after he passed away.
Interviewer:  And did did did that {X} uh did it fold up after you
176:  #1 Yeah. Yeah after I left #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 did it #
176:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
176:  #1 It folded up. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  I uh I turned it over to another person and let {X} {NS} {NS}
Interviewer:  Um {X} {D: the truth is that they didn't}
176:  You better stop that.
Interviewer:  {X} {NS} Well like I said um we talked about so many different topics and there are some of these um the {X} say that they want pronunciations of say I'll ask you some of these questions now. Um one thing um they wanted you to count from one to twenty and uh just do it kind of slowly, just count from one to twenty.
176:  One. Two. Three. Four. Five. Six. Seven. Eight. Nine. Ten. Eleven. Twelve. Thirteen. Fourteen. Fifteen. Sixteen. Seventeen. Eighteen. Nineteen. Twenty.
Interviewer:  Okay and um what um what is the number after twenty-six?
176:  Twenty-seven.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what about the number after twenty-nine?
176:  Thirty.
Interviewer:  And the number after thirty-nine?
176:  Forty.
Interviewer:  Um let's see what is the number after sixty-nine?
176:  Seventy.
Interviewer:  And the number after ninety-nine?
176:  One hundred.
Interviewer:  And what about after nine hundred and ninety-nine?
176:  Nine- uh one thousand.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh {D: four} is uh what would ten um what would be ten times a hundred thousand? Would be uh
176:  One million.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {X} Um what about um {X} {NS} uh say um um say uh oranges or apples or something sitting here on the table {D: might} the {D: the one that I'll put my hand down to} the one that's at the first of the line would be the the which one? Um this is the
176:  First?
Interviewer:  uh-huh, and the next would be
176:  Second.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And the third. And the fourth. And the fifth. And the sixth. And the seventh. And the eighth. And the ninth. And the tenth.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And um now that's as far as we need. Um let's see um what about um the days of the week? Can you name the days of the week?
176:  Sunday. Monday. Tuesday. Wednesday. Thursday. Friday. Saturday.
Interviewer:  Okay. And um what is another name for Sunday? What what is it sometimes called? Um besides just the name of the day of the week you'd call it you know or that you go to church it's the
176:  Church the Sabbath
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Day. #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what does that mean to you?
176:  Well it means to to uh worship God.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um if uh if it were say nine o'clock and uh in the morning and you saw someone you went out to get your mail and saw someone walking down the street, what would you probably say to them as a greeting?
176:  Good morning.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about if it were later? Um after around seven in the evening, what would you say?
176:  Good evening. And uh what about in the middle of the day? Around noon or afternoon? Around two or three two o'clock. Good afternoon?
Interviewer:  Right good- uh-huh. {X} Um and do what do you call um the part of the day between noon and and supper time? {X}
176:  Afternoon.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um and uh what uh what about after supper? What {X}
176:  It's evening.
Interviewer:  {X} Um let's see uh what about um if you uh had been to visit someone after supper say and when you were going to say goodbye what would you
176:  Goodnight.
Interviewer:  uh-huh. Um what about uh if someone had to get up and get out working {D: just as the sun} {D: an- anything coming up what} he had to start working at what? What would you call that {X} what would you say if somebody has to be up and out uh to farm {D: something or other now when} the sun's coming up, you you have to start work at
176:  Early.
Interviewer:  Early.
176:  #1 Early. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. # And early morning or um in reference to the sun just {NS} just coming just coming up early uh if you know if it was still dark but the sun was rising up what would he he would if if um {X} he had to start work at
176:  Daybreak? {D: No}
Interviewer:  Yeah, uh-huh. That uh-huh when in other words when the sun's coming up.
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {X}
176:  #1 {D: it'd be uh} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Uh-huh. When the sun's coming up. Um let's see what about um if uh today is Sunday then um uh blank was Saturday. What what would you say in in reference to today? Today it's Sunday so
176:  Yesterday.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh and
176:  Tomorrow.
Interviewer:  is Monday, uh-huh. Um let's see um you said that daybreak was when you were getting up and going out to work. What about uh if you were working out in the field and you worked until the sun went out of the sky, and you'd say he has worked 'til
176:  Dawn.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  Sundown.
Interviewer:  Or sundown, uh-huh. Uh-huh. Um what do they if somebody came to visit and stay from the first of the month through the fifteenth of the month, you'd say that he had stayed about what?
176:  About a half a month? #1 And #
Interviewer:  #2 Half a # month or a what about fort- fortnight, have you ever heard the that expression?
176:  The what?
Interviewer:  you say a fortnight? Fortnight?
176:  Fortnight.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  #1 I think I have #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {X} um {X}
176:  {D: He's still there} {NS}
Interviewer:  Okay um what about um the months of the year, could you say the months of the year?
176:  January. February. March. April. May. June. July. August. September. October. November. December.
Interviewer:  Okay um now these are just some uh they're names of states. Different states and I'm gonna try to give you some um {D: some notes and ideas or} {X} {D: that you could know} which states I was talking about when I said it. Um what uh what's the name of the the state where the uh Statue of Liberty is {X} Do you know?
176:  Washington? {NS}
Interviewer:  {D: Of um} um the Albany and Buffalo are cities in the in this state. {NS} {NS}
176:  New York.
Interviewer:  Alright. And uh what about where the uh {X} the uh {D: Liddy Labler came in there} Annapolis {NS} uh what which state is that? {NS}
176:  Maryland.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh what about the uh to- tobacco state where uh the capital is Richmond?
176:  Uh Virginia.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh another tobacco state
176:  #1 North Carolina. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Uh-huh, North Carolina and uh what about the uh the other Carolina state?
176:  Uh South Carolina.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, and #1 {X} #
176:  #2 and Georgia. #
Interviewer:  #1 Georgia, uh- #
176:  #2 Georgia, uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  huh. And then what's the state right below us {D: the panhandle}
176:  Florida.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh where uh {NS} is the state that George Wallace is from?
176:  Well Alabama.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what about the uh the capital of Baton Rouge? Uh the state that
176:  That's Louisiana.
Interviewer:  Uh- uh-huh. And uh the the horse state, the bluegrass state.
176:  Kentucky.
Interviewer:  Kentucky. {D: Right} And what about the volunteer
176:  Tennessee.
Interviewer:  And uh the um what about the uh state that's still got {D: miss our} I
176:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 Missouri. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Uh-huh. {D: That's how we always says it} {X} that's how we remembered how to spell it
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 just #
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 miss our I # {X} Uh what about where Little Rock is the capital?
176:  Arkansas.
Interviewer:  And uh the um humpback state.
176:  Mississippi.
Interviewer:  {NW} that's another way we remembered. And the uh the the big state, the Lone Star
176:  Texas.
Interviewer:  {X} Texas and uh what about um the where Tul- Tulsa
176:  Oklahoma. {NS}
Interviewer:  Oklahoma. And uh Boston is a city in this particular state.
176:  Massachusetts.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh what do you call the group of states up in northeast
176:  #1 New England #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # New England, uh-huh. Uh what um it's the biggest city in Maryland.
176:  Baltimore.
Interviewer:  And uh what about the capital of the United States?
176:  Washington
Interviewer:  Right.
176:  D.C.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh the the city in Missouri there the uh with the famous blues named for it.
176:  St. Louis.
Interviewer:  Yeah. And uh {D: let's see} what is the seaport county in South Carolina, the old seaport county
176:  Charleston.
Interviewer:  And uh what about a a steel- making town in Alabama?
176:  Birmingham.
Interviewer:  And uh what about one of the the big city in Illinois?
176:  Chicago.
Interviewer:  And uh the capital of Alabama.
176:  Montgomery.
Interviewer:  And what a- um what are some um what's a what are the gulf cities on uh in Alabama?
176:  Mobile.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS} Um let's see what are some uh what about a resort city in uh western North Carolina?
176:  Asheville.
Interviewer:  And what about um oh about the biggest city in east Tennessee?
176:  Chattanooga.
Interviewer:  And uh what what
176:  #1 Knoxville. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 Knoxville. #
Interviewer:  And uh what what about the uh uh town in Tennessee where Martin Luther King was
176:  Uh Memphis.
Interviewer:  And what about the Country Music Theatre?
176:  Nash- {NW}
Interviewer:  {D: right} and of course the capital of Georgia is
176:  #1 is Atlanta. #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  And you've mentioned the your father made trips to
176:  Savannah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what's the uh town just just up the road from from Hazlehurst? The {X}
176:  #1 Macon. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # and uh what about down
176:  #1 Columbia. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  Um let's see what what is the uh capital of the Mardi Ga- Gras state of
176:  #1 Ne- #
Interviewer:  #2 Louisiana? # of
176:  #1 New Orleans. #
Interviewer:  #2 Louisiana? #
176:  #1 New Orleans. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. # And what about the uh um one of the the big cities in Louisiana
176:  Baton Rouge.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see what about the uh city in Illinois where the the baseball team's at?
176:  Cleveland.
Interviewer:  {NW} Uh-huh, and uh what about the um town in Kentucky the where the Kentucky Derby is held?
176:  Louisville.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Okay. Let's see um now some of the different things we have uh talked about is talking about some of the uh parts of a house and all of course um uh what what do you call the open place on a floor in front of a fireplace? Uh like this right here, what would this be?
176:  The hearth.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {D: Okay} {X} that's the hearth. Um what about um to to put in- inside the fireplace {D: and} you've got the different things that two little things to put the
176:  The firedogs.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. To put the logs out
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  {X} and uh
176:  andirons or firedogs,
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 whatever they #
Interviewer:  #1 {D: of the same} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  {D: thing maybe} Um let's see {NS} um what do you call this? {X}
176:  It's a mantel.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  #1 Mantel. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # and uh put pictures in {D: different things that} what did did y'all used to keep on the mantel? Did y'all usually just {X} you always kept like pictures and
176:  #1 Or a clock. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # A clock?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  And all on it?
176:  Uh-huh. Um let's see, what now do you call the big a big piece of wood with barbs on it that you burn in the fireplace that would light you keep to keep going all day long or all night um a a large piece of wood. Um I mean a large Uh {NW} a backlog.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Does it and it would how long would it burn?
176:  Well it'd burn mostly all night if it was put in there you know green.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  A backlog would, that's what they
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 call it #
Interviewer:  #1 and that #
176:  #2 you know? #
Interviewer:  would keep
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  it'd be coals, red coals the next morning.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Keep it warm.
Interviewer:  Um well what about um uh did you have some name for the wood that um you used to start to start a fire? Uh {D: logpicking} wood.
176:  That was splinters they called 'em, it was
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 light # wood.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And they'd start right
176:  #1 They'd #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  start off
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  And uh what what would you use next to {X}
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # start start what about little um pieces of wood that you might throw in to keep it going? Um {D: would} would you in other words after or once you'd use the small stuff wood
176:  Get started.
Interviewer:  to get it started with would they um would you have to keep adding small pieces of wood to it? Or
176:  Well until you get some coals started, you know
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And then coals would keep it
176:  #1 keep it, yeah, uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 warm, keep it going? #
176:  keep it going.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about um uh when the fire was burning and it would make fly stuff all on the chimney, what did you call
176:  Soot.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what about after um a fire was burned out, then what would be left? Uh
176:  coals
Interviewer:  coals. Yeah, and uh yeah and everything, if the wood just completely burned up, what what would they {D: do you know}
176:  Ashes.
Interviewer:  Yeah. {D: Okay and} Um these, when speaking of furniture, we've already mentioned some. Uh let's see what about the um that uh I know that you'd have one it's in the living room uh what what do you call the large piece of furniture in the living room that you sit on?
176:  A settee.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what about some other names? Have you ever heard any other names for it or
176:  #1 well #
Interviewer:  #2 do you # call 'em any other um might be a called a
176:  #1 Was it the #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 {D: manz} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 or #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Um yeah or um uh well have you ever heard it called sofa? Or
176:  #1 Yeah sofa and #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 couch #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
176:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  What about um davenport? Have you ever
176:  #1 Yeah, I've heard that #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 a a davenport. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Uh-huh. Um {NS} what is there any distinction between {D: them} what you would call a a lounge or a settee or a a sofa, is there any like is one larger than another that would make you call one a settee and one a sofa or anything?
176:  Well I think a a lounge is m- is larger than a a settee or a sofa, don't you think so?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Probably
176:  I think the lounge
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 would would be # would be larger.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Well what {X] to lou- uh lounge would you think uh that you would
176:  #1 Think of lie down #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
176:  #1 Yeah that's what #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah that # would be
176:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  It would be. Well now didn't {D: bed} that you said that um one being the potter {D: in the} uh in the old house {NS} was it an actual bed or was it a
176:  It was an iron bed,
Interviewer:  It was
176:  #1 An iron bed. #
Interviewer:  #2 an iron bed? #
176:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  Um is that the type bed that you have?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  Well not all iron beds but they that I remember that one was uh you know
Interviewer:  it was an iron bed.
176:  It was an iron bed.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
176:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  And where did you stay in the potter {D: you know where he}
176:  It was uh it was in one side one
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 side of the room. # Yeah.
Interviewer:  {D: one room} taking up the whole room and it wasn't in the way?
176:  No it wasn't in the way, uh-uh. It was a large room.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS} {NW} um well what about uh {D: stuff say when} uh you talked about {D: new things of} furniture {D: when you came} {D: back to} {X}
176:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  {X} Um
176:  #1 chifforobe. #
Interviewer:  #2 chiffo- # robes. Uh-huh. And uh what about uh let's see a a piece of another piece of furniture like that would be {D: sitting} um to keep um that has drawers in it that you put clothes in.
176:  Wardrobe.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um and uh what will can you describe it? What would it look like, what would it have a door on it or just drawers? Or
176:  It uh it uh the wardrobe?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  It had doors and you could uh hang up your clothes in it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh
176:  Because they didn't have no closets,
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 built in the house. #
Interviewer:  When was the fir- what was the first house that you had closets in?
176:  #1 Uh #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  {D: that} the um when my daddy built his new house
Interviewer:  {D: You now had}
176:  #1 he puts closets 
in it #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Did he have big closets or
176:  No they wasn't too big as they should've been.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  But there {NS} were closets.
Interviewer:  {D: so and there were} {X} put the sheet over
176:  #1 Yeah, yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: your clothes} #
176:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {X} Uh-huh. Um what about uh somethi- another {D: say the water} {D: what'd you have um} have you ever heard of another name for something that you had {X} keep keep keep clothes in? Sweaters or um
176:  Chest of drawers.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh have you ever heard it called anything else? uh or is that or for instance, this piece of furniture right here that you've got, what what do you refer
176:  Call that a dressing table, wouldn't it?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh, I I think. What about uh any have you ever heard of any other names for {X} what about one a little taller maybe? That uh {NS} would have a mirror on it Uh do you know of any
176:  I don't know {X}
Interviewer:  Okay um these are just some questions that that I'll ask and you just say whatever comes to mind uh just whatever {D: you throw in there} and say and then {D: take a certain thing} what about some times you feel like you get your good luck a little at a time but your bad luck comes if if good luck just comes trickling in but like {D: not necessarily} bad luck a lot of the times bad things happen in threes and it would come
176:  All of a all of a sudden?
Interviewer:  A- all of a sudden, uh-huh.
176:  {X}
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  you know just mean you're coming right together. Um let's see what about if um if there were two pies on the table and one pie was good and the other pie was better it would be it would just uh doubly as good as the first pie then you'd say the second pie is #1 Blank #
176:  #2 {X} #
176:  delicious.
Interviewer:  Oh yeah or uh but in reference to the first pie the second pie is blank as good as the first pie.
176:  It's twice as good?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh. Uh-huh. One's better than the other. Um now we were talking the other day about what you would greet someone in the morning you'd say
176:  Say good mor-
Interviewer:  #1 Uh- #
176:  #2 ning #
Interviewer:  huh and in the evening
176:  Good after-
Interviewer:  #1 good #
176:  #2 noon. #
Interviewer:  afternoon. What about um just any kind of a day what do you say if you stop someone just uh any time of the day greeting, what would you say?
176:  Well I'd say hello or hi.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Okay. Um do you ever say good day to anyone?
176:  Not
Interviewer:  Not
176:  not very {D: often}
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 not not #
Interviewer:  Did uh did your did any- did people used to? Do you remember people used to say that more than just hi or hello?
176:  Oh yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah, yeah, uh-huh. #
176:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 But now they #
176:  #1 more now they don't #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: sure} #
176:  don't
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
176:  #2 do that. #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Yeah they {D: shortened you} Um let's {NS} {NS} if um if I ask you what time the sun if I said what time did the sun rise this morning then what would you say?
176:  Well I'd say about seven-fifteen.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh in ha- then you would say in reference to the verb rise then you would say the sun
176:  Rose.
Interviewer:  At
176:  at
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 such and such #
Interviewer:  Okay. What about um alright in this sentence, just the context of this sentence we were a little late this morning when we started out in the field. The sun had already
176:  Risen.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh-huh. Um let's see now this is if um today is Monday and yesterday was Sunday, if somebody had visited you not yesterday but Sunday before that then you would s- and you were telling me about it then you would say he came to visit
176:  Last Sunday.
Interviewer:  #1 Last Sun- #
176:  #2 It was a week # ago.
Interviewer:  Sunday was a h-
176:  Sunday was a week ago.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Okay. And that would mean that it wouldn't have been yesterday, then it would have been
176:  Been the day
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 b- #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Sunday # A week #1 before. #
Interviewer:  #2 Before # that.
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  And what about if um if someone is going to {X} in other words if uh today is Monday and someone someone's going yesterday {X} cuz you would've said then if someone was here visiting you but he was going to leave not yesterday but the the following Saturday in one more week then you would say he's going to leave
176:  Uh
Interviewer:  If it uh in other words just let's just say {X} yesterday was Sunday and like he came to visit and he was going to stay for a whole week and then leave the Sunday after that then you would say
176:  He would leave Sunday week.
Interviewer:  Sunday week?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what do y- if you want to know the time of day and you wou- you would ask somebody if yo want to know the time of day that it was, you'd say
176:  What time is it?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um and what about what what do um I have on my wrist to tell
176:  #1 A #
Interviewer:  #2 time? #
176:  watch.
Interviewer:  A watch.
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what about if between uh between seven o'clock and eight o'clock midway between seven o'clock and eight o'clock you would say it was
176:  Seven-thirty.
Interviewer:  Seven-thirty {NW} what about another way to say it? Um do you have any any other way?
176:  Uh uh half-past seven.
Interviewer:  Half-past seven. {D: Now} let's see okay if it's uh ten forty-five it's uh ten-forty-five in the morning, what would you s- what time would you
176:  #1 I'd #
Interviewer:  #2 say? #
176:  say it's quarter 'til eleven.
Interviewer:  Quarter 'til eleven? Um alright what about and this is just in the context of this sentence say if you've been doing something for a long time then you might say I've been doing that for quite
176:  A while. For a while.
Interviewer:  Quite a while. Okay um if nineteen- you'd say that nineteen seven- seventy-two was last year and nineteen seventy-three is if nineteen seventy-two was last year then nineteen seventy-three
176:  #1 is this #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  year.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um let's see if something happened on this day exactly on this day last year then you'd say it happened exactly
176:  Today was a year ago?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um alright {D: then think of} some of these now are talking about the weather and uh just different terms about the weather. If you looked up at the sky you'd say I don't like the looks of those black Clouds.
176:  Okay. Um what about if you looked um looked outside and um the sun shining and all you'd and you like the weather then you'd say it's a
Interviewer:  Beautiful day. Okay. And what about if it were cloudy and overcast, then you'd say it's a
176:  Uh dreary day.
Interviewer:  Dreary day. Okay. Um what about if it's been uh fair weather and then the clouds come and you expect it to rain or snow then you'd say the weather is if it's been pretty pretty nice for a while for say a long while but then the clouds start dark the sky's darkening and uh you can tell you're going to the
176:  Be a change in the weather?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh. Yeah or if it's changing from like night from pretty to the
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 sun- # shine to to rain like it's doing now {NW}
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh what about if it'd been cloudy and then the clouds pulled away and the sun comes out you'd say the weather is
176:  Has changed? {X}
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 uh # to uh imp- uh
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And if it's getting better you'd say it's um if it's been real rainy or cloudy and everything
176:  It's clearing up.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh. {NS} Um what do you call a heavy rain that lasts only a short while?
176:  A downpour.
Interviewer:  A downpour. Okay. Um have you ever heard any other terms for that? Or have you ever used any other terms or have you always called it down-
176:  A flood?
Interviewer:  #1 Well #
176:  #2 Or #
Interviewer:  yeah, uh-huh. What about um what do you call a storm that has thunder and lightning?
176:  Electrical storm.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh the only time that you would refer to it as an electrical storm would be when it had
176:  #1 Lots of #
Interviewer:  #2 lot of light- #
176:  #1 lots of thunder and #
Interviewer:  #2 ning #
176:  #1 lightning #
Interviewer:  #2 and light- # ning.
176:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  Okay um let's see what about if uh you had a real hard wind then you'd say yesterday the wind
176:  Blew hard?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Yeah. Um what about um if you say that yesterday the wind blew hard but you were referring to maybe some other time when it was even worse and you'd say but it had
176:  Um been worse?
Interviewer:  Yea, uh-huh and and what about in reference to the word, the verb blows? You'd say it had
176:  Blown harder.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Than than even it was
176:  {D: to there}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Yeah. Okay {NS} um if the wind was coming from this direction down here then you'd say the wind
176:  Was from the south. {NS}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh what about a wind halfway between the south and the west? You'd call it a
176:  Southwest.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS} A- what about tow- half way between the south and the east you'd
176:  #1 North #
Interviewer:  #2 call it # a
176:  Northeast.
Interviewer:  Uh between the south and mi-
176:  Sou- southeast.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh between the east and the north would be
176:  The northeast.
Interviewer:  Yeah and the west and the north
176:  Northeast. I mean west-
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {D: it'd be the} # northea- northwest
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  #1 North- #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. #
176:  west.
Interviewer:  Yep. Um what about if it's been raining but it hasn't been raining very hard uh just a few drops are coming down you'd say it's a
176:  Uh shower.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh do you ever call it any any other
176:  A sprinkle.
Interviewer:  Sprinkle?
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh- # huh. And uh what would they say um if it's just raining a little bit you call it a shower or a sprinkle, what about if it gets a little harder? Do you have a another term for it then when it gets just a little bit harder? Let's see, I know you said uh it was a downpour
176:  Yeah
Interviewer:  but it
176:  #1 come just a #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Uh-huh.
176:  you know.
Interviewer:  And electrical storm.
176:  And
Interviewer:  And what else? Thunder and lightning are those pretty much the terms you use?
176:  That's that I don't think of anything else right now {D: that people would} call it.
Interviewer:  Um what about um if uh there's something thick in the air and you can't see at all. It it's just real low to the ground and you say the air is very if if you can't see, in other words you're driving along the road and you can't see because it's it's real
176:  {X} it's foggy?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  It's a fog.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Okay now these are also still some weather terms if um we don't have any rain for weeks and weeks then you'd say we were having a
176:  A drought.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Drought.
Interviewer:  Um let's see what about if um the wind has been real gentle but it begins getting stronger, it's stronger than you what what would you say it's doing? If uh if it's just been a gentle breeze but you could tell that the trees are trees are starting to blow a little harder and harder then you'd say the wind was
176:  Blowing hard.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh- #
176:  #2 Uh #
Interviewer:  huh. Uh-huh.
176:  I would {D: run for heaven} {NW}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  {X}
Interviewer:  Or um what about in reference to the fact that it was beginning to gradually
176:  Well it's the wind is getting high.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Yeah. Um what about if it's just the opposite? The wind has been real strong but it's getting weaker and weaker, then what would you say?
176:  Well the wind is calming down. The wind is calming.
Interviewer:  Uh what uh morning in the fall when you first go outside and it's cold, it's not unbearably cold then uh it's the kind of weather that you like to be out in, it makes you feel brisk and all then what'd you say this
176:  #1 chilly. #
Interviewer:  #2 morning's # rather
176:  Chilly.
Interviewer:  Chilly?
176:  Chilly.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about if it was cold enough to kill all of the tomatoes and the flowers, then you'd say last night we had a
176:  Frost.
Interviewer:  Uh what about if if it was so so cold last night that the lake
176:  Froze over.
Interviewer:  If it were cold but not that cold. Um if uh {NS} if it were kinda cool last night but it's getting much colder tonight then you'd say the pond might
176:  Did what?
Interviewer:  If it if it was cool or pretty cold last night but it's even going to be colder tonight like below thirty-two then you'd say the pond might
176:  Freeze over.
Interviewer:  And uh and uh if then you were going to the next day you were worried that it might freeze over the next day you were going out to see it then when you got there you'd say you could say it had blank before I got out there.
176:  #1 It had #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  uh fogged up before I got out
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 there. #
Interviewer:  And what about in reference to it freezing? Then you would say it had
176:  frozen over before #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  Um what about now speaking of this particular room um u- how how high is this room, what what how tall is
176:  Eight foot.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let me see and what do you call the room where you sleep?
176:  A bedroom.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh di- uh now let's see uh have you ever heard it called anything else? Or heard it called anything else, your grandparents or anything?
176:  I don't remember.
Interviewer:  Uh what
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 about #
Interviewer:  um what about a little um well the thing that you said that in the parlor you had a
176:  Had a
Interviewer:  had
176:  bed
Interviewer:  uh-huh. And uh that would {D: in sense} now be like your extra bedroom would be your
176:  Guest room.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 huh. # Just have the extra room. Um and that would be for someone to
176:  Sleep in.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Stay if they were staying over {X} what about um what do you call just the general term that you'd call tables and chairs and such, that it's your just a general term for the the
176:  Well different uh they're different tables uh
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Dining room
Interviewer:  #1 But just #
176:  #2 table. #
Interviewer:  just speaking of it all in general you'd say l- I got today I got to polish my
176:  Dining table or my uh
Interviewer:  If you weren't going to be that specific, just today I'll I'm going to polish the
176:  Furniture.
Interviewer:  Yeah
176:  Yeah the furniture.
Interviewer:  Um let's see what do you call the uh things that are hanging on the window to keep keep out the light? {NS}
176:  The blinds.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what are the uh little lacy ones? What what do you call the little lacy things hanging
176:  #1 That's the #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  curtains.
Interviewer:  Okay.
176:  Curtains.
Interviewer:  Um what do you call the little room off the bedroom that you hang you hang your clothes in?
176:  Closet.
Interviewer:  And um if you didn't have a a closet like you said in the old house then what what might you have to put your clothes in?
176:  Uh a chifforobe or a cabinet.
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Cab- #
176:  you know the that olden times they used a I mean a- uh later years after my father built a um out of just build it out of bo- boards
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  a cabinet and put {X} in to hang clothes and then one in the put uh bedsheets and all the linens you know
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, so it had drawers and all on it
176:  #1 No it #
Interviewer:  #2 too? #
176:  didn't have
Interviewer:  #1 Didn't have drawers? #
176:  #2 drawers. It # just had two doors and you'd just open those doors and then you had shelves in one end and
Interviewer:  Uh-
176:  #1 and #
Interviewer:  #2 huh. #
176:  hang it in the
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 other. #
Interviewer:  And that would just be that was like a piece of furniture
176:  #1 Yeah that was like #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  a piece of furniture. Yeah.
Interviewer:  {X} Um what do you call a a room at the top of the house, just under the roof?
176:  Attic.
Interviewer:  Have you ever heard any other terms for it?
176:  Uh
Interviewer:  Heard 'em called anything else? {NS}
176:  Well I don't remember
Interviewer:  Did did uh the old house have one?
176:  No it
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 didn't have an attic. # Uh-uh, no.
Interviewer:  Uh what about if you had a room below the first floor of your house down uh what would you call that?
176:  That is a basement.
Interviewer:  Yeah. And did the old house didn't have
176:  #1 no we #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  we had no basement.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 Didn't have any # basement.
Interviewer:  Um what do you call the um a room that you cook in?
176:  A kitchen.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh did you also call called it a kitchen di- at the old house where it was separate, was it
176:  #1 Yeah it was called #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  a kitchen
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 {D: and it} #
176:  had the dining {D: be-} it was all together, it was not there wasn't a petition, it was
Interviewer:  #1 Uh- #
176:  #2 just #
Interviewer:  huh.
176:  all together.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And it was joined to the house by a walkway?
176:  Walkway, uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Uh what do you call this little room in here that off the kitchen where you store your canned goods?
176:  Pantry.
Interviewer:  And uh what do you call a lot of worthless things that you're about the throw away?
176:  Uh
Interviewer:  If you've rounded up just a lot of old worthless things that you finally decide to give away, what would you call it?
176:  I can't {X} {C: traffic} uh
Interviewer:  If uh {NS} and you just bou- you know just some just some things that I had been collecting, just sort of cluttering up, you'd round them up say I'm gonna throw this this away. What would you refer to it? Uh uh like if you would you ever would you call it junk or or um
176:  I guess they would call it junk.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {D: uh let me think} did you ever call it anything else?
176:  I don't remember, I can't think
Interviewer:  #1 can't think #
176:  #2 now now #
Interviewer:  #1 uh-huh #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 {D: yeah just} #
176:  #2 can't think of #
Interviewer:  can't think of
176:  of what what I would call it.
Interviewer:  Yeah. {X} if it'd been sitting around and maybe you even wondered why you'd been saving it, you'd go and clean up, say I'm just gonna throw this
176:  Throw this junk away.
Interviewer:  yeah.
176:  That's about
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 the only thing #
Interviewer:  {D: you do call it} call it
176:  I'd call it junk.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  What um what would you call a room that you use to store a bunch of odds and ends in, maybe just pieces of um little doodads and all? {D: Just}
176:  #1 Well I'd call that #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  storage store room. {NS}
Interviewer:  Um {NS} if uh speaking about the daily housework uh what do you say that a a woman does every morning?
176:  Well she she get fix breakfast and you know, fix breakfast and clean house. Wash the dishes. Clean house. And uh
Interviewer:  Uh what would you if uh you were sweeping the floor and dusting and all would you have any special term for just like just the um sort of getting the house in order? Do you ha- call that
176:  Cleaning up?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Um let's see what do you use to sweep with?
176:  Broom. Broom. {NS}
Interviewer:  And uh if uh the broom was in the corner and the door was open so that the broom would be hidden you know from the d- in the corner and the door was open then you'd say the broom is where compared to the door?
176:  In the corner.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
176:  Back of the door.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um a lot of this is hard to explain {NW} without doing it. {NS} Um let's see uh what did women used to do on Monday?
176:  Wash. That was Monday was always wash day.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about on Tuesday?
176:  Well there's iron and and uh you know doing getting the clothes all ready {D: and} ironed and {D: done up.}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS} Um if um where would you call a a place where um you'd take your shirts and uh dresses and things to be done that were fragile or um things that had to be dry cleaned, you'd take 'em to the what?
176:  Laundry. To the {X} dry cleaners and the laundry.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh if you were in a two-story house and you wanted to get from the first floor to the second floor then you'd go up the
176:  #1 The #
Interviewer:  #2 what? #
176:  stairs.
Interviewer:  And uh do you have a different term for stairs that are inside the house and those that are outside the house? {NS} Or in other words or are they all stairs? Do you refer to 'em all as stairs?
176:  Well I'd say they were all stairs.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  On the outside, on the inside if you had to go up on the outside that would be a stairway and inside would be a stairway.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um now I know we were talking about at the old house that there was a a porch uh
176:  #1 {D: yeah} #
Interviewer:  #2 around # the or on two sides of the house.
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  {X} Well um i- do you have any what did you call it any other thing besides {X}
176:  Veranda.
Interviewer:  That is that what
176:  #1 That was what #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  it was called
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 long years ago #
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 was a # veranda.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, but now what did you call yours that you have here at your front door?
176:  Front porch.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
176:  I call it
Interviewer:  and that uh what about the little stoop at the at the front and and back?
176:  Well they call that a stoop.
Interviewer:  Do you call that {NW} I done said it.
176:  #1 You done said it. #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # {NW} yeah. {NW} Um what about the uh you said that there was a long hallway uh that was open between in the old house.
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  what would that refer to?
176:  Well that was uh a hallway, that's all I ever heard
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 it called #
Interviewer:  #1 uh-huh. #
176:  #2 it was a # a hallway.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um
176:  between the rooms.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh. Did did you ever hear uh have you ever heard that referred to as a breezeway?
176:  No it never was
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 in those time. #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 It wasn't #
176:  now they do call 'em that {D: just} you know,
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 now they #
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 call 'em # breezeways w-
Interviewer:  When they're open like that.
176:  Yeah. But this was open, there was nothing it was just and they called it a a hallway.
Interviewer:  Out in the hallway, did you have did you keep anything out there?
176:  No not not that I remember anything in there.
Interviewer:  Um if a door was open and you didn't want it open then you would tell someone to
176:  Close the door.
Interviewer:  Um {X} what what do you call the boards that are on the outside of the house that lap over each other?
176:  Uh sideboards.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Okay um if uh we're referring to your car and everything we you would say and like going up to the Piggly Wiggly and you'd say every day I take my car and uh in reference to the car.
176:  And drive.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Drive it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about if if you had done it yesterday then you would yesterday I
176:  Drove my car.
Interviewer:  And uh let's see if uh you were referring to the fact that you did it often you would say I have
176:  Driven my
Interviewer:  #1 Uh- #
176:  #2 car. #
Interviewer:  huh. Uh what do you call the uh part of the house that that covers the whole top of the house?
176:  That's the roof.
Interviewer:  And what about the little things along the edge of the roofs that carries the water off?
176:  Uh drainpipes.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  That's let's see uh
Interviewer:  Do you call it anything else?
176:  Yeah, there's something else but I can't think right now.
Interviewer:  Um what about and I know your roof is is not flat, it's got a lot of different little
176:  Gables. Gable ends.
Interviewer:  #1 Is that #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Yeah that's gables. #
Interviewer:  What about where um one joins the regular part of the roof? Is there any name for where the two join like?
176:  That's a valley. I mean you know between the where the
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Where it comes down the the uh gable ends come down and it makes a valley {D: under it}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  On the roof.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Where the two come together.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um um what would you call a little building that you'd use to store wood?
176:  I guess you'd call that the wood house.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about uh what do you call refer to this out here that you have?
176:  Well I call that my storeroom.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Where I uh put different things.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what would you call a place where you stored your tools?
176:  Well uh I have to s- store everything in that one.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  But mo- a lot of people have a tool house.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  Long time ago they used to have a tool tool shed they called it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  To keep their tools in.
Interviewer:  Did you have one at the old house?
176:  Yeah. They had
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 a tool- # shed uh
Interviewer:  Um did uh did you used to have a place at the old house where you kept the stove wood? A little house?
176:  Uh the house on the back was real high.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And and the the blocks you know it to level the house they back of the house was uh lots higher than the front of the
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 house? #
176:  And uh so they stored the wood under the house.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Just put it all the way across, you know and sta- stacked it up.
Interviewer:  And
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 And #
176:  stored the wood under the edge of the house.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Well that's a good {D: place} What about i- have you ever heard of um uh if if someone or anyone that you knew had a special house to keep the wood in what what was it called? Or did you
176:  Well I'd say it would be a wood house, I wouldn't know uh
Interviewer:  Did uh anyone ever have one that you
176:  #1 Not #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: knew?} #
176:  that I know of, I never did we never did have one.
Interviewer:  Did they all keep their woods like y'all
176:  #1 Well #
Interviewer:  #2 did? #
176:  {D: I reckon} put it under shelters like uh you have we had a a big shelter that they car- had the boiler that they uh scalded the hogs and cooked syrup you know and all in and it was long and uh they stored a lot of wood in there. For the winter. Uh and also in the summer they stored the stored the wood they cut a lot of wood at one time and uh log and then split it up and for stove wood, to cook with.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And put it under there to keep it dry.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Well that's a good place {D: there} I don't think we touched on this yesterday although we said that there wasn't any plumbing in the house, what uh did you call the outdoor toilet?
176:  Uh privy.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um were there any other terms that you ever heard for it?
176:  Uh
Interviewer:  Uh like any joking terms or something {D: that'll} besides
176:  Say what?
Interviewer:  Any joking terms like uh
176:  Yeah,
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 but I can't I can't think of it now # it's a uh outhouse.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Uh that was about all that I remember now.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh. And this was separate from the house?
176:  Oh yeah, it was a good piece off from the house.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um okay this {D: is} this is just in the context of this particular sentence. If uh you had troubles and were telling me about them and uh or I'd been telling you about my troubles, then you and then you were going to tell me about yours, you'd say well um if uh let's see if if I'd just been going on and on telling you all the all the things that've happened and that I had to do and everything, I'd been telling you my troubles and you got tired of listening to it because {D: no as} I'm not the only one that has troubles, you'd say well
176:  Well I have troubles too
Interviewer:  #1 Uh- #
176:  #2 and #
Interviewer:  huh. Uh-huh. Um let's see, what about if uh we're as we're sitting talking and we heard a crash outside then I would say did you
176:  Hear the crash?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh and and then {NS} you would say yes, I
176:  I heard it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh but you'd say and maybe you recognize the particular sound you'd say but I'm not afraid because I if you if um you if you recognized it and uh if it happened a lots you'd say well I'm not afraid because I
176:  I've heard it before.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {C: train whistle blowing} Um what about if I asked you if uh if you knew a person you might say no but I
176:  Heard of 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh let's see if um if a friend came back to town and another friend had been visiting with him {NS} then you might be asked, haven't you seen him yet? And you might say no I
176:  Haven't seen him yet.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um and what about if uh if you asked ha- has your brother seen him yet? Then you'd say no
176:  No. I don't think so.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or um
Interviewer:  hair now and I ask you if you um say do you it do it often, then you'd say yes I
176:  Yeah, I comb my hair every day.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or uh what about if if you just if I say do you do it often, you'd say yes I
176:  I I comb it once a day? I
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or what about in reference to the verb do? Just what would you yes I you know it's just a simple answer, if I said do you do that often? You'd say yes
176:  I comb my hair everyday?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or uh what about um just in just in reference to the verb, in other words if if you were coming you'd just say just rel- just simply you'd say yes I
176:  Comb my hair.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or if it were anything, not necessarily combing your hair uh if you were putting on your shoes and I said do you do that? Then you'd say yes I
176:  I do.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Yeah. Yes I do. Um what about if um if we ask if um if your brother likes ice cream then you'd say
176:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Yes he
176:  yes he does.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about if um um say uh your grandson's in school but he doesn't pay attention to the teacher, then you might you might think he just if he won't pay attention to the teacher, then you'd say he uh just is he uh
176:  Dumb?
Interviewer:  #1 Well #
176:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  but uh if uh let's see
176:  He's
Interviewer:  if if he just really um won't pay attention and uh just
176:  Indifferent?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or um what about in reference to the verb do again? Uh
176:  Do what?
Interviewer:  in the verb do, in other words if he he
176:  just won't {D: uh} wouldn't study?
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 Uh won't #
Interviewer:  or um what about if uh let's see, let's let's have a get another situation. If what about if a man makes his farm run-down and um he doesn't seem to care about it then you might say to someone who asks you'd say I really don't know but he just
176:  He's lazy.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or uh
176:  He's no good.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about uh and you say he doesn't
176:  #1 Care. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  Uh-
Interviewer:  #1 huh. #
176:  #2 He #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 doesn't care. #
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh. Okay. um if uh someone where um asking us a question and uh you'd say {D: the} say if someone asked us if we thought it was going to snow {NW} then I would say well I don't think so and then I'd ask you, I'd say
176:  Do you think it's going to snow?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh and uh alright. What about if if uh someone asked us if it were going to rain which is a lot more likely right now, then you'd say well I'm not if you weren't sure about it you'd say well I'm not
176:  Sure. I don't know.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see um if if you were having a conversation with a friend of yours {D: say} and uh you were telling me about it later, then you'd say that that y'all were just sitting and y'all were just uh say y'all were discussing church of today then {D: that} you'd say that y'all were um that y'all were just
176:  Discussing
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  the church.
Interviewer:  Yeah or y'all were just sitting around
176:  Talking.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about if you were uh in other words speaking to is acting to someone then you would say I was talking
176:  To the person.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Talking to the person.
Interviewer:  Or uh if Johnny came over you would say I was talking
176:  To Johnny.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or just a {X} I was talking
176:  To my grandson.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh.
176:  Would that be
Interviewer:  Yeah, uh-huh. Um let's see um if uh if someone if a a man or a boy were acting real unusual from what he he usually did then you'd s- and uh you were talking to someone about it, you might say I don't know what
176:  Why he did that or what #1 caused him #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
176:  to
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 act like #
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 that. #
Interviewer:  Or what about if it were just happening, you'd say I don't know what's
176:  Possessed him
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  #1 to do that. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. # Uh-huh and if you'd if that's what he's changed says
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 uh-huh. #
176:  #2 uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  okay and these are uh some different questions now. Um {NW} what what do you call this building that you live in?
176:  A house.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or and what are some other terms that you would call it?
176:  A home.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh
176:  A dwelling.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what kind of a h- house is this or home is this? Is it a
176:  This is a {D: green} house.
Interviewer:  Or and what other types are there around here in Hazlehurst?
176:  Brick and uh brick and rock.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Rock house.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what um I don't think we ever mentioned this the other day, talking about the old house, what or maybe maybe there wasn't one what do you what would you call a building behind a house where you stored the the cattle? The cattle
176:  That was a lot where there were
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah #
176:  #2 where they #
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 uh the # cows stayed
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Um now have you ever heard it called anything else or maybe it would be a little bit different from what y'all had the lot uh like a red
176:  Barn?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  Now but y'all didn't have
176:  #1 We didn't #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: a lot?} #
176:  have a barn for the cattle, we did have one for the {NW} {D: count} mules and horses.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  But we didn't have uh
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 one for the cows. #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  They stayed out in the feedlot we called it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Had big troughs in there and uh they put the feed in the in those troughs {X} for them to eat in the wintertime.
Interviewer:  Um what about did you have a building where you'd store the corn? {X}
176:  #1 Yes. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {X}
176:  Yes they'd call that the uh corn crib.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And the- that's where they stored the corn.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What was it uh was hooked onto or #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Well it was # it was just a big barn and uh they'd fill it full of corn. Uh for the roast you know during the
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
176:  year or the and uh saved all the corn.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um well what about uh did you have a building where you would store the grain? Grain? Well that was all the grain that we {X}
176:  #1 made at that #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  time.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 It was # stored.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Uh it was the uh corn {NS} and uh that was all we had. Uh we didn't uh didn't have anything else.
Interviewer:  Did uh did did have you ever heard of another a term for storing of a building where you would specifically store grain besides the corn crib? Uh did anyone else have
176:  Well nowadays they have bins that they put the corn in.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And they are made outta metal {NS} some kinda metal but uh in those days long you know when I was growing up, it was just they gathered the corn by hand and uh put it in the barn in the corn crib with in the with the shuck on it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And then when you went to feed the stock, why you had to shuck the corn to get the
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  and the fact that th- the shucks and the corn you know {D: there on the} cob could be mules and things and then uh they uh give the shucks to the cows.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Always save the shucks and give them to the cows, they feed them uh for the in during the winter.
Interviewer:  Alright. What about uh {X} um you didn't have a barn but uh what would you refer to the other part of the barn uh the um in a barn to the upper s-
176:  The loft.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, where you had to climb up the ladder
176:  Yeah, I had to go up a ladder to go up
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 in there. #
176:  And that's where they put the dryer {D: uh logs} the uh hay and fodder and
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 everything # stored that upstairs.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Now was there an upstairs in the lot? Do- did y'all have, there wasn't a #1 upstairs to that #
176:  #2 No, no, no. #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 No #
Interviewer:  #1 This just is #
176:  #2 that was #
Interviewer:  the
176:  that's was the where they kept the horses, about there was fifteen or sixteen heads that they had out on this on our farm.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 A # couple of mules and horses {NS} and uh it was a it was a huge barn and then upstairs was a um where they put all the uh hay and fodder.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  They had to feed 'em.
Interviewer:  Um well this is I I meant to ask you the other day I I asked I asked how many acres that your grandfather had {NS} back then and you said that maybe he had four lots?
176:  I think it was somewhere like that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And my father when he bought {NS} he bought more land and he had six about six lots or maybe more and uh uh there's the lot of land was four hundred well it was uh more or less most of the deeds cost more or less four hundred and ninety acres more or less.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  {NS} Uh that's the way the lots was described on deeds then in those days. Course now I think they measured in know about you know about how many acres they was in when you buy a piece of land.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  But in those days they sc- they described the lot on the deed was more or less.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  Four hundred and ninety acres, more or less, that's was a lot of land.
Interviewer:  Was there any ever any uh problems come up with people um putting something up right at the line of somebody's property or something or another, would
176:  Well sometimes, not not very uh most people uh {NS} uh knew where their lines were
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 you know and #
Interviewer:  They'd work it out
176:  #1 They would work it out #
Interviewer:  #2 if something came up? #
176:  #1 there was #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
176:  no lawsuits or nothing like
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 that # along those days. About where the line went as I remember anything about it. They always tried to work it out, where the line was and and then uh when they uh see when Jeff Davis uh uh was made a county {NS} well they started on the Appling County side uh {D: so there} so they {D: enacted} lots of land
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And then on the Jeff Davis side, I mean the Coffee County side and they met right near the Bell Telephone Route.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And there was a strip of land in there that was uh left that was no that nobody had a deed to.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  And that was uh later uh decided which side of the uh the land owner got it and it was decided here in Jeff Davis County the uh the the ones on the uh Coffee County side got the land that was
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  that um
Interviewer:  #1 that #
176:  #2 that # {X} was on the was left there
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 you know # it was no deed or nothing made
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 to it. #
Interviewer:  Um {D: another thing} now getting back to uh the lawn and lot and all um what about what do you call hay that's piled up outside of the barn? What would you call um if there was a big um lump of hay there, you'd call it a hay
176:  Stack.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um um let's see, what about uh-huh did now let's see, there were these stacks of hay out in the like would that haystack specifically like out in the field
176:  Well that's {X} where they'd stack it up to cure it
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 you see. #
176:  They used to just uh cut the hay and they had poles and they uh they cut trees you know, pole and they'd uh t- uh tack pieces across uh one one way and one another and then they'd put that hay up on these {NS} uh poles to dry. {NS} To cure. And leave it there just fill that just as long as it would stay up on that on those pieces and that they called a haystack.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about um hay that that'd be keeping hay also inside the barn then {D: would that}
176:  Well then they'd bale it
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 you know. #
176:  And then carry it to the barn after it cured in the on those stacks.
Interviewer:  Now um what would the bale of hay look like? Ho- how would how is it shaped?
176:  Well it's uh it would be longer than it was wide
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 it was # longer than
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  now this uh not near as wide as it was long.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um is um before they put the the hay in in stacks, what um had it been raked up in the field just
176:  Well they had to they had before they got uh things to bale it with they just had to put it in the when it cured out they just had to put it in the barn loose.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Because they had no they had to have a lotta storage places to put it because after they got to where they found I mean uh could bale hay {NS} well that would uh {NS} when it would {NS} press it together it would take less storage space.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  But i- a long years ago they had to have lots of barns to put it in because they had no {D: way to bale it}
Interviewer:  Bale it the hay. Put it in loose.
176:  Had to put it in loose.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see I believe you said that uh the cows were kept in the the
176:  The cow lot, we always called it
Interviewer:  #1 The cow lot? #
176:  #2 the cow lot. #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh Yeah. Uh and there and there there was shelter over it, said that
176:  No there was
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 no shelter over it, there was # no shelter over the cow barn. No. Uh there was a in the cow lot, there was no shelter over it but now the mule barn was.
Interviewer:  Was {X}
176:  But the cow lot was no and it they get they just stayed out there in it in the cold and all, just uh
Interviewer:  Get rained on?
176:  Rained on and everything. And that was in during the winter, now in the summertimes they would never p- there wasn't put up in pens at night but in the wintertime, they were put up in these cow lot and fed.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  They {D: just}
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 fed 'em. #
176:  Because there was not a lot of stuff for them to get but in the summertime uh they went in the woods.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, they just grazed? {D: Is that}
176:  #1 {D: grazed} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # they grazed out on the river?
176:  #1 Yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: on the} #
176:  #1 and uh #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  all all about you know.
Interviewer:  Um did uh you said that y'all milked the cows, did was there a special place where you'd milk the cows? Did you call it any special um any special
176:  #1 No #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  we didn't have no special just in the cow lot.
Interviewer:  That's just where
176:  yeah. Didn't have no special {NS} barn or nothing to put them in to
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  milk 'em. {NS}
Interviewer:  Um now what about where you kept the hogs and pigs? Did uh what did you have a special place for them?
176:  Yeah we- they they put the cow- the uh hogs in the field in the winter i- in the fall the {D: fat ones} and then uh they'd have pens.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Uh when they took 'em out of the field and fed 'em corn and and uh potatoes and stuff that we had to feed 'em with and uh fattened them. Got 'em real fat. And uh then killed 'em, that was just we called a hog pen.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh. {X}
176:  Had a trough made to put in there to put the feed in.
Interviewer:  Uh well did it have shelter or was it open?
176:  No it was open,
Interviewer:  #1 Open? #
176:  #2 {X} # was open.
Interviewer:  Uh {NS} let's see now {D: lady said} that you kept your uh milk and and what {D: our uh} what we'd keep in refrigerator today, you'd keep all that down in the well.
176:  Yeah yeah in the summer. {NS} And the wintertime we didn't have to.
Interviewer:  Where would you keep it in
176:  Keep it out in the we had a it was a they call it a milk house and it was uh scree- I mean uh uh built up and it had it was a door, we'd call it a cupboard like
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and you put the milk in the in this s- wintertime and it stayed cold in there and sometimes it would be icing.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Didn't have to have any didn't have to put it down the well, now that was in summertime and {D: but the} {X}
Interviewer:  {X} Uh-huh
176:  to keep it cool in the summertime.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um what di- when um now as you said that everyone just did their own milking of cows and making butter there weren't
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 there # weren't any special places?
176:  No just uh went to the lot and milked the cow.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. When do you remember first um there was someone taking over, getting cows to to to milk and and to sell the milk, when do you remember the first
176:  Well I don't remember, I don't remember when that happened because we had just {D: a worlds} #1 of milk all #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 the time #
Interviewer:  #2 uh-huh. #
176:  and uh the people that lived around us
Interviewer:  {D: injured the cow} um it had stickers on it right?
176:  that was uh crop wire.
Interviewer:  thats right yeah. um {C: overlapping can't distinguish voices}
176:  well the yeah later on we had uh right there uh
Interviewer:  um but what is
176:  what a fence a fence oh no no in the later years but now what I was talking about was the uh long years before I married. They say we had little fences.
Interviewer:  were there any other names for little wood um the um round fences were they um were they laid out in a zigzag?
176:  yeah yeah they were- they're- they were uh posts put one down and then and another one you know coming across that poor and they would zigzag.
Interviewer:  that was um talking about the barb the barb on the fence uh set one of those up
176:  well uh yeah they do {X}{C: weird overlap} post ends they had to use them used uh fence posts in around there and there wire there the wire too and a wooden post along here and along there. {X}
Interviewer:  And what what would you call several of them together? The plural of that. um if there was if you had one post that {X} to two were they um were they laid in a in a huge {X}
176:  yeah yeah they were- they're- they were there they would be uh put one there and then and another one you know coming across that in the corner and they would zigzag.
Interviewer:  uh what about uh a fence or a wall thats made of loose rocks or stones that you might get from a field did did you ever did ya'll ever have any of stones maybe a fence made out of stones or rocks?
176:  yeah uh we had to use the fences was made out of rocks but the um and the pleat was made of wire too thats what they made a- and then they furnished with what they bore or sat in to uh cook the syrup uh it was made out of rocks and clay and um we didn't have bricks then {X} and they made that out of rocks and clay and of course they had to repair it every- every year but it um help the boar up and
Interviewer:  what about a fence?
176:  And they could serve in there.
Interviewer:  rock stones that you might see
176:  {X} the hogs in there.
Interviewer:  uh what if- if you've got um your- your real good dishes what what are they made of?
176:  um uh china
Interviewer:  um {D: if have you um have you ever seen an egg say something like that}
176:  yes I have I've seen that before.
Interviewer:  and what what would what would that be called then? um is there a name for um or any different name at the time?
176:  what makes an artificial egg I guess you'd call it {D: wouldn't you}?
Interviewer:  for decoration
176:  for decoration yeah but
Interviewer:  um {D: a dating service sort of some ah}
176:  and scolded the horse
Interviewer:  the kitchen turns first and you say uh what about uh what did you use to carry your water in from the well?
176:  buckets wood buckets
Interviewer:  uh did uh when did you have had metal or did you?
176:  did do what
Interviewer:  Did you use metal buckets did you ever have any metal?
176:  uh it was I was about grown before we ever had a metal bucket
Interviewer:  uh ho uh about how big were what would that be called then
176:  I think about forty feet deep was the well about forty so far down
Interviewer:  would the bucket of water be heavy?
176:  yes it would be heavy yes heavy now the old house we didn't have a bucket in the well we I mean a buck- had a bucket but uh sweep uh that uh if you pulled down and and then the switch pulled the bucket up. um we've had a long it had a weight on the end of it they called it a sweeper. it was long long and the end it had a weight on it and you pulled it down into the well and made the bucket sink and then you had to hold it to come up you didn't pull it up you held it to keep it coming up too fast and spilling the water and then when you got to the top why they when they got to the top of the well they um they sweep. they wait on it and going back down to the ground and you just took your water out and uh and they poured it out into whatever {X} you never knew about that way. well that that was an old timey way of getting water up we use to uh it had a long uh it was all wood uh it had a lo- a log and it was put up on the high pole and it had uh um peg that went through there that went through the the um stand that helped the log up it had a peg wooden peg and helped it off the top and that um it was hewn down with the uh hewn it down you know the log and it was made square uh an axe that we used to hew it down and the poured a hole made a hole through this log and then they had this uh wooden peg that wen through there. and um that um then it it it toppered there they had a pole that come down it was easy for you it wasn't- it wasn't too big that you can hold and you pulled it down like this and pulled it down and then when you got it in the {X} got your bucket full then you rolled it up but you had to hold it to- to- to steady to keep your water from spilling and you didn't let it come up too fast everybody drew the water up he didn't have to. pull it down you know. you never had heard tell of that? well that was that was the way to draw water in those days. and it was not you'd think it was bad but it was it was not bad to get it up and out of the water.
Interviewer:  this was a covered well.
176:  no no it wasn't and um
Interviewer:  um now um you use the bucket a bucket cane now what what did you use to carry the milk in?
176:  wooden bucket.
Interviewer:  a wooden bucket?
176:  and after you milk then everything was after the milk was stained we used a cloth. just strain the milk always strain the milk. and all of that washed and put out in sunshine everyday. Uh after you got through with the milk that was all washed and put out in the sun.
Interviewer:  uh what kind of cloth?
176:  well it was uh uh some- it was a kind of thin material and uh that they used it {X} with the straining process and it was washed sterilized we would then put in the sun. no no there was no ogre left in in it.
Interviewer:  {X} everyday?
176:  everyday. after you milk.
Interviewer:  uh what about wooden bucket to carry your milk in. What, do you have a special name that um that were made out of metal what would have it been called?
176:  the milk bucket. we always call it a milk bucket.
Interviewer:  Now did you ever hear it called a- a pail did you ever call it a pail or did y'all ever call it-
176:  well no we just called it the milk bucket.
Interviewer:  um Now what about the container that you use to carry the feed to the pigs in. what was it called?
176:  slop bucket they called it.
Interviewer:  uh and w- was it the same kind of bucket?
176:  yeah yeah yeah
Interviewer:  were all these the same bucket or did you keep them separate?
176:  oh they were kept separate. Sure can't, you would never keep your milk bucket was kept, uh slop bucket was not being uh um it was not as clean {X} you kept your milk you had to keep your milk bucket clean and {X} everything. the milk bucket.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. we always called it the milk bucket. now where where did you keep the uh slop bucket? did you keep it in the kitchen?
176:  no no outside outside yeah.
Interviewer:  well would that have uh table scraps?
176:  yeah it'd have table scraps any kind of scraps that you had left from preparing the vegetables and stuff put it all in there.
Interviewer:  well when you were working in the kitchen and you had those scraps did- did you take them right out to the slop bucket or did you have something?
176:  no it was it was wet th-they had a stand outside in the back of the kitchen and a window and um you put all that out on that stand. Ya it was a stand and the buckets was on the stand.
Interviewer:  in little pieces Mm-hmm um now where where did you keep the uh slop bucket did you keep it in the kitchen?
176:  no no outside #1 outside yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 you kept it outside # well would that have uh table scrapes?
176:  yeah had to have a table scraps and any kind of scraps that you have left from preparing the vegetables and stuff put it all in there.
Interviewer:  well when you were working in the kitchen and you had these scrapes did did you take um right out to the slop bucket or did you have something in the kitchen?
176:  no they were it was wet th-they had a stand outside at the back of the kitchen and window and um you put all that out on that stand. It was a stand and the buckets was on this stand.
Interviewer:  {X}?
176:  put it out of the window.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Okay um what about does the {B} kitchen, to- what what do you used to fry eggs in?
176:  {D: well I had a prickle} Iron griddle by the egg shed.
Interviewer:  and um did did uh did you ever know about one that that they had in a fireplace with legs on it?
176:  yeah uh yeah we had those and I {X} but we didn't use 'em so you see my grandfather had bought this wood stove and and uh i-it it was we used it. it was left there in the house when my grandmother left she left this wood stove and we used it um for years after that
Interviewer:  what um
176:  What we had old {X} parts that had the legs on 'em and everything they were um there but we didn't use it the fireplace. Now once in a while they would let my mother would use it to bake potatoes you know she thought that baked potatoes might be good in the fireplace.
Interviewer:  uh what what was this called that that was in the fire place were the lanes that it was in also called a...
176:  the what?
Interviewer:  the um the the your grand mother, whoever used to use {X} you had the wooden stove. was it also called an iron griddle?
176:  well it had a lid to it what you baked bread and uh everything in it. yeah it was cold there but it had a lid on it everything you cook on it uh in the fireplace you had to have a lid that they did t- you know then cook it over.
Interviewer:  uh-huh.
176:  have lids on it.
Interviewer:  um what about nowadays what do you you call um, the um, utensils that you use to cook eggs in or fry in
176:  frying pan.
Interviewer:  #1 you call it a frying pan #
176:  #2 frying pan I use frying pan #
Interviewer:  #1 #
176:  #2 #
Interviewer:  um did uh uh one man touch {X} what um, did you have anything or do do you remember your grandmother ever had anything that uh some big black something that like out in the backyard you used to fold clothes in
176:  yeah a wash pot
Interviewer:  #1 a wash pot okay #
176:  #2 yeah yeah always # for the clothes.
Interviewer:  was it used for anything else or was it you used-
176:  mostly just for {X} uh my mother cooked lard in it you know cooked out the uh she called it cooking out the lard it's the fat
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  from the hog she'd cook it out in there and then she cooked the tallow from the cow and make a big you know make uh cook that with the tallow.
Interviewer:  now weren't you telling me the other day um that she stored the uh {X} that she made in?
176:  yeah in the in the fat in the in the lard.
Interviewer:  um what about what do you call this up here on the TV uh the utensil or something that you use to keep flowers in? Just just something that you'd have that you went outside and cut the flowers and cut um and put um in what you call
176:  a vase.
Interviewer:  or what about um lets see some of the uh things you have around here are uh {X} outside what are they called?
176:  beds.
Interviewer:  and about that what about the uh little um earthen ware?
176:  pots. {D: private pots}.
Interviewer:  and those are those you wouldn't call a vase a flower pot?
176:  no no {D: well it was the vase}. Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  what um could you name the um some of the eating utensils in other words just some of your silverware what are the different names of
176:  well uh big spoon and uh and uh the knife and the fork and uh its the uh soup spoon and uh a teaspoon
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
176:  and a ice tea spoon and um butcher knife and uh the large vegetable spoon.
Interviewer:  what about if you had um were speaking about of we have more than one knife wha- how would you refer to?
176:  knives.
Interviewer:  okay um if uh if the dishes were dirty and it was almost supper time a- and all your dishes were dirty before before you could have supper you- you would say well I'll
176:  wash the dishes.
Interviewer:  and uh what about after you wash the dishes you'd say after she washed the dishes then she
176:  dry them rinsed um off rinsed them
Interviewer:  #1 uh-huh to get the soap off. #
176:  #2 {X}. # yeah.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. of what do you use to what what do you call the the cloth that you use to wash the dishes?
176:  dish cloth.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. and uh what about the cloth that you use to dry the dishes with?
176:  drying cloth.
Interviewer:  um what about the uh terry cloth that you use to wash your face with?
176:  well that's a wash cloth {X}
Interviewer:  and what about to dry yourself off after you've had a bath?
176:  towel.
Interviewer:  um now at the uh {X} the uh kitchen sink to turn the water on what do you call the...
176:  the faucet.
Interviewer:  and uh do you also call the outside water pipe?
176:  no yeah that is a faucet.
Interviewer:  um what about um the uh do you ever refer to uh the kitchen sink or the bathroom sink where you turn the water do you ever refer to it any- as anything other than faucet?
176:  spigot. ya the spigot in the yard we I believe we called them in the yard a spigot and in the house a faucet.
Interviewer:  #1 where you turn the water on? #
176:  #2 yeah yeah. #
Interviewer:  was there any reason for calling?
176:  well no I I don't I don't remember that there were {X}
Interviewer:  but did you just remember that that
176:  #1 That yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 station was the # {X}. but you you call 'em faucets now.
176:  yeah most of the time yeah. but they do c- c- um talk about the in yard being a spigot {X}.
Interviewer:  but you wouldn't call the one in the house a spigot?
176:  no. no I wouldn't.
Interviewer:  um If um gotta think if it were real cold weather and um and y- you um um didn't tie your the spigots or faucets up outside then there um there'd be a possibility that last night the water pipes might?
176:  freeze.
Interviewer:  or what if they came over in other words if they uh
176:  burst.
Interviewer:  same thing that if you stuck a pen in a balloon.
176:  yeah yeah.
Interviewer:  balloon. um now we've already talked about the size of of flour and stuff in barrels get barrels from Savannah and all and um what about uh I don't believe you mentioned that you ever bought and did you ever buy molasses or did ya'll make-
176:  no we made that. yeah that, we got the molasses out of out of the when it drained out to make the sugar.
Interviewer:  what about if you uh do- do you what were what was molasses or lard stored in if- if you did buy it do you
176:  #1 in barrels. #
Interviewer:  #2 remember? Mm-hmm #
176:  #1 in barrels.B #
Interviewer:  #2 Barrels? # um if um you're wanting to pour some water into a narrow mouthed bottle what would you use to get the water what would you use to pour it in?
176:  uh funnel
Interviewer:  funnel? what uh when you had the horses and buggies or if you remember about horses and buggies what do- what would your father use to make the horse go faster?
176:  a whip.
Interviewer:  you uh-huh.
176:  whip.
Interviewer:  and uh {X} bought some say nowadays if you bought some fruit at the store what um what would the gro- what would you put 'em in to take to the grocer to be weighed? what what would they be putting it in-
176:  in a bag. in a paper bag.
Interviewer:  paper bag uh-huh. um um lets see. what were they did you use the paper bags or were they made out of something else?
176:  well we didn't {X} there was a paper bags back when I was a child grew up. there wasn't anything-
Interviewer:  wasn't anything like it?
176:  no I- I don't remember it being #1 anything plastic #
Interviewer:  #2 were # bags and-
176:  no there was no plastic at all.
Interviewer:  all of this what were what were they made of did you have any kind of a sack or
176:  well I don't remember there being any kind of sacks unless uh we made one out of some kind of materials cloth like a sack out of {X}.
Interviewer:  well then you had your feed and all so you didn't
176:  Didn't buy anything they'd have to have
Interviewer:  #1 can't just have anything #
176:  #2 no #
Interviewer:  everything came in barrels?
176:  yeah yeah it was bought in barrels.
Interviewer:  um what about after you started buyi- now like you said occasionally you'd get some sugar from Savannah what would it um how how what would it be
176:  #1 barrels yes yes. #
Interviewer:  #2 sugar in barrels? Mm-hmm #
176:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 # um what about uh the coffee?
176:  well it was green coffee and it was in barrels too
Interviewer:  {X}. what about after you uh uh worked in the fertilizer and feed or everything what would the feed and all come in? when you were working in your store?
176:  oh well now after that then you see we had plenty of sacks an everything and i- and it was um burlap bags for the fertilizer was in and then uh paper bags the feed and you bought oh man and the seed came in mostly in um pork bags. the seed. and some of um was in burlap bags.
Interviewer:  now you said that y'all used to take your corn to the mill
176:  #1 yeah mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  #2 to be ground up # what um did- did you have a specific term for the amount of corn that you would take in one time to the mill to be ground-
176:  well usually we carried it in by the bushel you know would have. bushel.
Interviewer:  um what about do would you have a term um for the amount of wood that you could carry like the boys would go out at school house you'd say they would go out and get the wood to bring in t- to burn wh- have you ever heard the term to use for-
176:  yeah uh they- they'd bring in a ton of wood.
Interviewer:  a ton of wood?
176:  yeah. a ton of wood.
Interviewer:  I've never heard that.
176:  well thats what they'd do you'd go and bring in a ton of wood.
Interviewer:  and that means just what you could ca-
176:  what you could carry.
Interviewer:  um what about like last night tried to turn on your {NW} your back light um and I thought it was out if it had been burned out then you'd say today you were going to have to put in a new
176:  new bulb.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. uh when you're uh carrying out your clothes to hang up on the line what do you take them out in?
176:  um in the well I you mean when I what I took 'em out to the line in?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh and you've just washed 'em and were taking them out to dry and wha- what do you have a name for the
176:  clothes basket.
Interviewer:  Clothes basket. um what about nails when you buy a lot of nails what do they come in
176:  a keg a wooden keg.
Interviewer:  um now did ya'll used to buy nails
176:  what?
Interviewer:  did y'all buy nails?
176:  yeah yeah yeah we had {X}.
Interviewer:  would you get those from Savannah?
176:  yeah.
Interviewer:  um what did you call uh speaking of these barrels what uh went around the barrel that held the wood?
176:  well it was um I don't know what it was made out of but it was some kind of metal that held 'em together. that um and uh y- you tighten them if the got uh the barrel shrunk up and uh if you were going to put some liquid in there it was leaking why you took a hammer and um and tighten those uh um bands it was around and it was some kind of metal I don't know what it was made out of you could tighten them and put them you would see the bell was small at the end and got bigger to the middle and um so you- you drove 'em down to tighten.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. um and you then said that y'all used to take baths in the barrels that in the {X}?
176:  well yeah in the yeah you take baths in the in the uh tub you see it was was cut half in two but those big barrels was pretty good size you could sit down in there. {D: Sure}.
Interviewer:  Uh couldn't a dog?
176:  child naw I don't think a dog could.
Interviewer:  um Now why- and it would hold the water. Now would you-
176:  oh yeah yeah yeah hold the water and they used them at the washing. wash the clothes. and then there's soap 'em wash 'em. and they had uh we had uh a block that was a big tree cut and then uh it was smooth on top but it was sawed off and uh we had uh stick that you'd beat the clothes
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
176:  to get the dirt to loosen up the dirt is what we say you know and um {X} so we had to do that and then put them in the pot to boil.
Interviewer:  um and uh if you want to uh stop up uh a bottle what would you use to put- put in the top of a bottle?
176:  a cork.
Interviewer:  um
176:  a stopper?
Interviewer:  yeah i- is that- that's what you usually call it?
176:  yeah a stopper
Interviewer:  A stopper?
176:  Cork stopper.
Interviewer:  lets see. these are two um speaking about two musical instruments um what what do you call or have you ever seen a- a little silver instrument about so big with different little notes on it that you would use to play-
176:  Mare harp?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  #1 thats what I though #
Interviewer:  #2 Did you # play different- different
176:  #1 yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 songs # on it? Uh-huh. uh have you ever played one done?
176:  uh yeah.
Interviewer:  really? what about um have you ever seen something that you uh this is another musical instrument you hold it between your your teeth and pick it with your
176:  it's a um Jew Saw.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh it makes a funny
176:  #1 yeah yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 a funny kind of sound. #
176:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 # um did y'all used to have those-
176:  yeah yeah yeah yeah used to have those Jews harp they called it.
Interviewer:  um lets see on a on a wa- with with two horses what is the name for the long wooden piece that comes between the two horses?
176:  its the tongue.
Interviewer:  tongue?
176:  yeah. a wagon tongue.
Interviewer:  and um uh if you if you have a horse that's pulling a buggy before you can hitch him up you have to back him in between
176:  the shags.
Interviewer:  on a b- on the buggy? Uh-huh to uh what is that to get the
176:  to you have to put the- the there's a piece that comes across uh the horse that holds it and you run the shags in that and i- and it holds the uh shags up for him to pull and you have traces that you hook on to the uh thing that goes across those shags.
Interviewer:  uh-huh.
176:  and uh that's and that's hooked on to the cart and that's what what he pulls with.
Interviewer:  um so its no pressure {D: you know} real pressure on the horse-
176:  nothing on there on this cart.
Interviewer:  {X} Um, what what do you call the steel the steel outside uh of a wagon wheel?
176:  the rim.
Interviewer:  it's the rim? okay. and uh have have you ever heard of the filly?
176:  the what?
Interviewer:  the filly?
176:  the filly?
Interviewer:  Filly uh-huh.
176:  that's a young horse.
Interviewer:  um what about have you ever heard of it in reference to a wagon wheel? Lemme see. in reference to the wheel if it's just the individual piece with the two, two spoke holes or is it the whole wheel or have you just never never heard of the felly referred to as a wagon-
176:  no no never have no no never heard of that.
Interviewer:  that was one of the terms that they had um just wondered if you ever used it but you just used it as the wagon wheel and the rim of the wheel and what were the things-
176:  Spokes
Interviewer:  #1 Spokes uh-huh #
176:  #2 the spoke yes yeah #
Interviewer:  those were the different parts.
176:  yeah.
Interviewer:  what about all the parts to the wagon wheel?
176:  well if they uh they was the outside was uh was iron you see. the rim they called it and the inside part all was wood.
Interviewer:  um let's see uh we may have mentioned this jus- just a minute ago. when a horse is hitched to a wagon what do you call the bar of wood that the traces are fastened to {NS}
176:  the singletree.
Interviewer:  now what does that {X}
176:  well that's uh the traces are are uh and it's on a uh uh the singletree is on they put it on there with a- a {X} that goes through and it works as the horse uh a- as uh uh moves it works back into it as the horse walks you see. Gives him uh room to walk it- it it was solid why when he walked it would be a- a terrible strainer but it moves moves as it uh as he walks and they call that a singletree
Interviewer:  Well now that's something I've never heard of either. what about if you had um two horses and each one had would have a singletree?
176:  yeah and then a double see a doubletree and then the single each one would have a s uh there's a doubletree that goes in the was in the center.
Interviewer:  yeah.
176:  and then at one on each side and each horse had a singletree that that moved you know as he walked with his it m- it uh moved a- uh his motions moved that s- thing you see
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. um speaking of a wagon if uh um man loading up some wood on his wagon and uh and then he was gonna take it take it somewhere take it over to a neighbors house or something other um what would you say that he was doing that wood he was... um uh a term or a verb ha- what would you say that he would he would
176:  Doing a good deed?
Interviewer:  #1 yeah. #
176:  #2 {X}? #
Interviewer:  or around or even not necessarily to a neighbor's if he was just getting some maybe just getting some wood uh in the- out in the field and bringing it to the house um {X}
176:  hauling a load of wood?
Interviewer:  uh-huh.
176:  hauling up a load of wood.
Interviewer:  {X} and uh he would he's hauling
176:  yeah to your horse. hauling wood that's- that's what we always called it
Interviewer:  {NS} um {NS} {NS} {NS}
Interviewer:  {NS} um {NS} {NS} if there's been a heavy rain and the rain's cut a channel out across a road or a field what do you call
176:  A ditch.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about uh a a {D: didn't} narrow valley that'd been cut by a stream of water in the woods about two feet deep and {D: ten a fall} Do you call that an- make any distinction between
176:  Uh there's a {D: dip} uh kind of a branch with it, a stream of
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
176:  #2 water. #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or a what about if something's bigger than a ditch, a little bit bigger than a ditch? Um it'd be you'd have any other term for a ditch {X}
176:  #1 Uh no #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  I don't think. I don't I don't remember
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh what about a a a gully or a
176:  Well it #1 could be a #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
176:  gully, yeah I've heard {D: of that} uh where the water'd cut, there'd be so much water 'til it would cut a gully through the field and
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh
176:  you know, deep {D: cuts} {NS} wide {NS}
Interviewer:  You have heard that term
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 gully? #
176:  Gully.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see now what about talking about streams of water um there are small small in other words like there's a um the rivers up here and uh what are some some water that ru- running water that smaller than a river
176:  Creek.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about uh if there {D: and} any others that you
176:  And branches.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
176:  And that's that's all I
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  Creeks and the river and the branches and
Interviewer:  Are uh branches
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 larger than # creeks? Or or are creeks larger than branches? Which is the smallest?
176:  Creek is the largest. {NS}
Interviewer:  And next to the river.
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay.
176:  {D: Yeah}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS} Um are th- {D: still} there any streams in this area that any names of streams in this area or
176:  #1 Not #
Interviewer:  #2 creeks #
176:  other than the uh river and the uh uh creeks. And the branches. {NS}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  That's all I know of.
Interviewer:  What about do you know any specific names of any creeks at all?
176:  Yeah. Yeah.
Interviewer:  What are some?
176:  Willard's Creek and uh Satilla River and uh uh there's two right out there at my place. Uh Hurricane Creek.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh Whitehead Creek {NS}
Interviewer:  -huh.
176:  And uh the Satilla River And the Altamaha River.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Those are the ones that's nearest here. {NS} And the Oconee is back up across over in Telford County.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh. {NS} Okay what um uh about a small rise in the land? What would you call a small rise?
176:  A hill.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um is there anything smaller than a hill?
176:  Uh {D: no I don't think}
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 we don't have #
Interviewer:  the smallest thing that you you would see would be a hill?
176:  #1 Hills, yes. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # small right?
176:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  What about larger? What would you call a larger rise in land?
176:  Well that would be a a mountain?
Interviewer:  {D: You know I guess so}
176:  But we don't have any mountains
Interviewer:  No not around {NW} not around here. Um what about what is this thing on the door that you use to open the
176:  Doorknob.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of that knob referring to uh {NS}
176:  As a
Interviewer:  as a hill? Or {X} a la- a rising?
176:  Yeah a knob. Yeah, that's right.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh w
176:  #1 Uh uh that #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  that is a a a a high place of land.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS}
176:  Rise in the land.
Interviewer:  Do you ever use that or do you just heard it?
176:  Heard it.
Interviewer:  You just heard it. Uh-huh. Um what about um uh the ro- what would you call the rocky side of a mountain that drops off real sharp?
176:  That would be the um
Interviewer:  Or or someone's going to jump off the
176:  Cliff.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um {NS} what about um in the mountains say uh when you've been up in the mountains and and when the road goes down in a low place between two mountains, what do you call
176:  Valley.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about where uh {X} that uh your your daddy built a a pier to to unload the
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  uh fertilizer um when he
176:  Uh-
Interviewer:  #1 got #
176:  #2 huh. #
Interviewer:  fertilizer. Uh what um did you ever heard of some of the other terms for a boat landing, where a boat would stop to unload?
176:  Well this was not just a regular landing, it was uh it was a place that {X} {D: made it deport}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  you know so he could get to it.
Interviewer:  Yeah. What about just um um a larger place, maybe a real large lake or something, you know the um um
176:  That the boat
Interviewer:  yeah uh
176:  talking about the
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What
176:  Uh that would be a dock, wouldn't it?
Interviewer:  {D: Alright, um the} Uh-huh. {X}
176:  Where the boat
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  stops.
Interviewer:  Okay. Yeah. Uh what about on the ocean? Maybe where ships would come in? Um
176:  That would be a
Interviewer:  Anything different {X}
176:  I know but I can't
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 think. #
Interviewer:  was it um was it a port?
176:  #1 Port yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 that's it. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 heard # the term? And then a landing would just
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 be a # {X}
176:  Yeah. {D: float}
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 port would #
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  They stop and
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  unload the
Interviewer:  Um what about uh a place where a large amount of water falls from a {D: lot} high distance what would you call
176:  Waterfall.
Interviewer:  {D: Uh-huh.} Um let's see what is a kinda white hard paved road li- or like the sidewalk out here, what kind of uh sidewalk is it?
176:  Um cement.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And um what are uh are most of the roads the roads around here are they uh are they hard or are they dirt?
176:  Well they they uh they said um they use mostly around here is that uh they don't use the cement, you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  It's uh
Interviewer:  What color is it?
176:  Black. Um I can't think of the name of it now. I know but I can't
Interviewer:  #1 Kind of a #
176:  #2 think of it. #
Interviewer:  hard like
176:  Yeah it's it they put the rock down and then pour this uh black um {NS} um something or over over the rock
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 you see. # They put down the rock and let the road {D: see it} and then pour this um
Interviewer:  Let's see the {X} or um blacktop? Something or other like
176:  yeah, it's a blacktop that they put on.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And that's mostly the roads around here is built like that.
Interviewer:  Like that?
176:  It wears out lots faster than um cement.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS} Um what would you call a a little road that was off a main road?
176:  A side road? Uh
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or any other names that you've ever {D: ever} heard uh um say if you {X} outside the {D: city} um the small road off the main highway {X} is that a {D: five} road?
176:  Yeah, I would think it would be off of the
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 highway. #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um {NS} let's see what about um um did you used to have maybe when you were taking the cows from one lot to the next or one field to the next, what what would you call a little little road like that you'd walk the cows? {D: Let's see} do you have special names for um little uh trail or road where the cows would
176:  Well usually
Interviewer:  cows
176:  they just cross the road you
Interviewer:  #1 Cross #
176:  #2 see? #
Interviewer:  the r-
176:  From one field across the road over to the next field.
Interviewer:  So there they wouldn't have a special little
176:  #1 No, no #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 you wouldn't #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {X} just regular road? Um let's see if um you picked up a um a stone outside and maybe you saw a um um dog tramping in flowers or something or other, what you would um what would you do? You would
176:  Throw it?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Throw it {D: after} the dog.
Interviewer:  To get him out of the
176:  #1 Flowers #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # {NW} Uh what about if you'd go to somebody's house and they're not there then you'd say no- uh he's not
176:  Here.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
176:  Not home.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. If um if you were talking about um talking about coffee and what would you say what would you call coffee that that doesn't have milk in it?
176:  Uh black coffee.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And is that {D: that's} the term that you use?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  And uh uh what about is there any other name that you'd use for coffee that doesn't have milk or sugar?
176:  Just plain coffee.
Interviewer:  Just plain coffee. {D: And} that would just be noth-
176:  #1 nothing in it. #
Interviewer:  #2 nothing in it. #
176:  Nothing in
Interviewer:  {X} Um say if th- if you like to have milk in your coffee then how what would you say if you um someone were going to get you a cup of coffee and you wanted milk in it, you'd say well I want coffee
176:  With milk.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {X} with milk,
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 they'd say # coffee with milk, coffee with sugar or milk, sugar whatever. Um if someone is uh is not they're not going away from you, then you would say they're coming
176:  Coming to me.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh what about if you saw somebody at say at the Piggly Wiggly and you were out there this morning and you saw somebody that you hadn't seen for quite a while then you might say well this morning I um or you were talking to us later you'd say well I
176:  Went to the grocery store to the Piggly Wiggly
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and saw so-and-so and talked with 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um did uh what do you ever use the term run across I r- I ran across somebody?
176:  Yeah. Yeah I
Interviewer:  {D: do you use}
176:  ran across so-and-so at the store.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And when would you use that, when you hadn't seen 'em for a while? Or
176:  #1 Yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # that you didn't
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 usually #
176:  #1 Yeah, #
Interviewer:  #2 see #
176:  didn't usually see.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um if a a child is given the same name as his father has then you'd say they named the child
176:  After the father.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Okay {X} some of these terms are about animals. What um is what kind of an animal is Kim?
176:  It's a dog.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh uh I if uh if if you wanted a dog to attack somebody, have you ever heard of a term or do you use any kind of a term to tell a dog like to attack somebody?
176:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Um
176:  Well say catch him. Or sic him.
Interviewer:  Sic him? {NS}
176:  Sic
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 him. #
Interviewer:  Do you use that much? Um what about if a if the uh dog is um mixed- breed, it's all different kind of mixed, just mixed uh couldn't really tell one particular breed, what what kinda dog? Do you have a special name
176:  Well I'd just say it was a mixed-breed.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um {NS} do you ever call it um are there are there any distinction between uh the mixed-breeds? In other words, do you uh dog that you can't tell exactly what {NS} pedigree or what breed they are, do you have any distinctions or are they just all mixed breeds do-
176:  Just mixed-breed, just
Interviewer:  Do you ever refer to them as mutts or
176:  Yeah, I've heard 'em called mutts.
Interviewer:  like that or mongrel?
176:  Mongrels,
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 yeah. #
Interviewer:  And uh-huh. What about cur?
176:  Yeah, I've heard 'em call 'em curs.
Interviewer:  But you've never used that term?
176:  No I never
Interviewer:  You call 'em mixed-breeds?
176:  #1 Mixed- #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  breed.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS} Um what uh if somebody got um {X} was playing around with a dog and it and it bit him then you'd say he was what? Um
176:  Mad. You mean the dog?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Well yeah but like uh just if if um {NS} if I came over here and told you that Kim had bit me then I would say I I have a
176:  Dog bite.
Interviewer:  Yeah, uh-huh. And uh let's see um di- and do you use that term in other words, that that's been a common term that you used or
176:  Dog bite.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh let's say if a mailman where coming in and and uh there was a ferocious dog in the yard, {D: he was} {X} watch out or you'll get
176:  Bit.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see what in uh what is the {D: in other words} cow. What is the male
176:  Bull.
Interviewer:  {X} Uh-huh
176:  Bull {D: it's}
Interviewer:  And uh
176:  The female is a cow.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And um
176:  The young one is a calf.
Interviewer:  Calf, uh-huh. What what would several of the {X} would be then what would the plural of that be then?
176:  The what?
Interviewer:  Uh if more than one calf would be
176:  Cows.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Okay now what let's see with um what about if uh a cow is expecting a calf? Uh then you would say how would you say that say if you had a cow by the name of Daisy that she was expecting a calf, then you would say Daisy is going to
176:  Have a calf.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um have you ever heard of any other term that you know that
176:  #1 No I don't think I #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {X} #1 What #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  um c- um drop a calf?
176:  Yeah,
Interviewer:  #1 Would you #
176:  #2 yeah. #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Yeah there was that, yeah, # gonna drop a calf. {NS}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Let's see if you have a pair uh for instance you've got what what do you call the maybe the mules that are pulling a cart or something or other, you've got a um you've got {D: cut} several mules that are pulling pulling on carts um then you'd would you call 'em a like the uh um {D: bore teen} commercial um {D: thorax} commercial where the the
176:  Have several pulling?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Well I don't know {X} kn- kne- knew about that or what they called you know
Interviewer:  Um and they said well what about just
176:  It's a team of horses.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or a team of mul-
176:  Mules
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 yeah. # Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  And what about with just two m-
176:  You just say two
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or or would you call it a pair?
176:  Pair. #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. # A pair of mules? Uh what is a male horse?
176:  It's a stud.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um and uh have you ever heard any other terms {X}
176:  #1 Jack- #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  ass.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh what about let's see now we been over the- what is a female horse
176:  A mare.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh alright let's see and uh what what are the things that you put on a horse's feet to protect 'em?
176:  Uh horseshoes.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh what is the part of the horse's foot that that you uh put the shoe on?
176:  The bottom. Bottom part.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 Let's # see hoof.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see, what about if you were hopped up on a horse and you were riding, but then you hit a bump or hit so- stopped suddenly or something then you'd say I {C: car horn}
176:  Fell. {NS}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, or or {NS} and you
176:  Went over.
Interviewer:  um went down to the ground, I fell
176:  Off of the horse?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS} Um did you ever play a game with the the shoes that you put on the
176:  Horseshoes.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, did y'all ever play?
176:  No I don't think, I don't remember that
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. But uh do you remember other people
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Yeah
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  {D: Okay} Um let's see these two questions are about sheep, what is a a male sheep called?
176:  A ram.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um have you ever heard of any other term? {D: for} uh
176:  I don't think that I have.
Interviewer:  A buck? Have you ever heard it called a bu-
176:  Well now uh deer is a buck
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  but the sheep now I we
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 always heard it #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 called a # ram.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Did y'all have any
176:  Yeah, yeah
Interviewer:  {D: You had} sheep?
176:  Sheep and goats.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what about a female sheep?
176:  It's a ewe.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  {D: White and dimpy}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what would they have on 'em? What do they have on their
176:  Wool.
Interviewer:  And um what about a male hog? What is a male hog?
176:  Boar.
Interviewer:  Have you ever heard it called anything else? Or is that what y'all refer to 'em all? {X}
176:  I don't know. Don't remember.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  A boar hog's
Interviewer:  #1 {D: call 'em} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  that all, uh-huh? Um what about a male that's been uh sick for
176:  Well that
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 uh # that's a boar uh {D: bare}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And um what about a um what what is one called when it's first born? {C: train whistle}
176:  A pig.
Interviewer:  And uh when it's a little older?
176:  Shoat.
Interviewer:  A- what are what are called when they're full-grown?
176:  Well uh uh grown hog I guess
Interviewer:  Uh-
176:  #1 they #
Interviewer:  #2 huh #
176:  say.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {X} those terms {NW} Uh how big would a pig have to be to be called a shoat?
176:  Shoat or about well between forty to fifty pounds.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Is there a special term for an unbred female? {NS}
176:  An unbred female.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Well now they might be but I don't
Interviewer:  {X} {NS}
176:  I don't remember.
Interviewer:  What do uh hogs have on their backs? What are the rough sticky things that they
176:  Oh the hair.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or uh is it are they called anything else?
176:  Bristles
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  #1 across their back. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {D: anything else?} What about um the big teeth?
176:  Tushes.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um and is that something that you'd call
176:  #1 Tusk. #
Interviewer:  #2 or #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, do you call that that's the {X} that you refer to as an elephant also has {X}
176:  Well
Interviewer:  #1 {D: the hog?} #
176:  #2 yes. # Something similar to that.
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Call it a # nothing like its {X}
Interviewer:  No {X} {NW} {NS} uh what about a hog that's wild? That's grown up wild? {NS} Do you have a {NS} have you ever heard a name for one that {NS} a wild
176:  Well I've heard tell of wild boars and wild wild hogs
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 {D: whatever} #
Interviewer:  And uh would they be somebody that'd just gotten loose from somebody?
176:  yeah and then got you know not been around anybody and all until they {NS} {X} wild.
Interviewer:  {X} do they attack?
176:  Yeah. If they got hemmed up they would. But if you didn't hem 'em up, they'd try to get away from you.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um {NS} what do you do what do what's the term that you call to fix the pigs so that they wouldn't breed?
176:  Castrate 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of any other
176:  Oh y- no.
Interviewer:  term that you {NS}
176:  No, castrated, that's all I've ev-
Interviewer:  {X} {NW} {NS} what about um {NS} uh {NS} a calf that's being weened, what kind of a noise does it make?
176:  A calf that's
Interviewer:  #1 A calf. #
176:  #2 being #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Well it um it will um bleat {NS}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS}
176:  Want to get to it's mother.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {X}
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  and it's a lo- {X} making a noise.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um when a cow, during feeding time, what what is the gentle noises that the cows make? Um the term used for a gentle noise that cows make?
176:  Around feeding time?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  They mooing.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh have uh {X} uh what about the uh the physical term where um around uh the Christmas around the cows were uh have you ever heard of the term low? The cows
176:  They're lowing.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  {D: Calling 'em} moo, that's the same thing
176:  Same
Interviewer:  #1 Mooing #
176:  #2 thing. # Uh-huh
Interviewer:  Uh-huh it's just a {D: Christmas} term? Um what about a horse? What kind of a noise does a horse make?
176:  Well it makes a different sounds you know it's uh kind of a {NS} um
Interviewer:  What do they call it? Uh or do you usually refer to a horse as doing what?
176:  Um I can't think of now what the
Interviewer:  Have you ever heard of whinny?
176:  Whinny. That's it
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
176:  #1 That's it, that's what I was trying to think of #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 It # uh {NS}
Interviewer:  Um what about if if you've got let me see if you you y'all had chickens and turkeys and
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 geese # and all what when you were going to feed them and you wanted to just use the common name for all of the
176:  #1 The flock. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, what would you'd say you're going out to feed the
176:  The uh the um
Interviewer:  What is it?
176:  {NW} I know what it is, {X} uh
Interviewer:  {X} Or
176:  The fowls?
Interviewer:  Yeah, uh-huh. Yeah. Uh uh what do the hens do on a nest of {D: things} is called a
176:  Sitting.
Interviewer:  And uh what about where where the chickens stay?
176:  In the chicken pen. Chicken house. And they have a roost where they
Interviewer:  Where they
176:  stay at night.
Interviewer:  {D: stay} Uh-huh. What is the uh the bone in the chicken that that you break to see who has the good luck?
176:  Uh {D: leg} the um pully bone.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And and who
176:  #1 Wishbone. #
Interviewer:  #2 will get the #
Interviewer:  what now which one is it that you have to {X} get the
176:  Breastbone.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And when you pull it if you if you wind up with the lo- which is it? The long end or
176:  #1 Long. #
Interviewer:  #2 the short? #
176:  #1 It's #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 long #
Interviewer:  #2 long #
176:  end.
Interviewer:  You have good luck if you end up with the long end? {NW}
176:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Uh what are the inside parts of a chicken that that you eat? The liver and the heart and the gizzards
176:  The gizzard, the liver and the gizzard.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And some people eats the heart. I don't like it.
Interviewer:  {NW} I just like the liver. {X} Uh what about uh the insides of a pig or calf that you eat?
176:  Well they eat the liver and some people eat the uh lites, then that they the lungs.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  They call 'em lites #1 you know? #
Interviewer:  #2 lites? #
176:  Hog lites. {NS}
Interviewer:  Um are uh what about are are {D: the pig} or is there a general term for the insides, its like the insides of a pig or in other words like {NW} do yo- what do you use to make um certain kind of cornbread that I've had, that you made, {D: it's something}
176:  There's uh sweetbread.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh what what what are the little hard pieces the insides of the pig? Um
176:  Liver?
Interviewer:  Yeah or uh what a- chitterlings uh
176:  Chitterlings.
Interviewer:  Do you use that you'd use that term? Now what is that the {D: heart} chitterlings then.
176:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Are {X} the insides of a pig?
176:  Yeah, yeah. Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  And stuffs you u-
176:  #1 That's the intestines #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 you see. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  Uh don't you put those in some kinda bread that you make? {X}
176:  No I never
Interviewer:  What was that kinda bread that I had that that um that
176:  It wasn't chitterling bread I made.
Interviewer:  {X} it had hard some kind of hard {NS}
176:  Crackling bread.
Interviewer:  Crackling bread, that
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # now what's that?
176:  The the cracklings is what you get out of the when you get the uh lard outta you see you cook it out
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and that leaves uh little cracklings, you know.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 And you # use that to make crackling bread.
Interviewer:  And it's chewy?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Um let's see if uh if it's time to feed the the stock and uh you do the chores then what what time is it? You'd say well it's it's i- in other words if you had to go out and feed the stock then you'd say it's
176:  Be in i- it'd be uh uh late in the afternoon.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And but maybe just a term that you'd call you'd say well it's
176:  Time to feed the
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  The
Interviewer:  #1 Um #
176:  #2 uh #
Interviewer:  did you ever may- say feeding time?
176:  yeah, feeding time.
Interviewer:  Feeding time.
176:  Uh-huh
Interviewer:  Or uh {X} {NS} now what about did you ever used to have to call the cows or just call 'em in? Do you remember
176:  #1 Well #
Interviewer:  #2 calling #
176:  I don't remember {X} we'd get out and holler uh and they'd go to coming up.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Yeah. {NS}
Interviewer:  Is that the feeding
176:  #1 well #
Interviewer:  #2 part # or {NW}
176:  {NW} no not that I remember too much about, it was just uh {NS} just kinda have a holler you know that they understood
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
176:  #2 that it # was time to come to the house.
Interviewer:  Yeah. What about um the same thing with the cows and or or horses, what about calls for horses? Did uh
176:  Well uh we didn't ever turn our horses out.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 {D: mules} # they they stayed in the inside.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  {X} Well we couldn't let the mules and the cows go together because they they always get to running 'em.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 Running the # cows {X} {NS}
Interviewer:  What um what do you say to mules or horses to make 'em go left and right?
176:  Gee and haw.
Interviewer:  And which is which?
176:  Gee to the right and haw to the left.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. You say that both to horses and mules?
176:  Yeah. Uh-huh
Interviewer:  {X} uh how how long does it take to train 'em train 'em on
176:  Well I wouldn't know about that, I I know that they did train 'em though
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 you know. #
176:  And they soon learned, you see you {NS} when you uh they train 'em they when they say gee they pull
Interviewer:  Pull
176:  to the right
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and they say haw they pull to the left.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  They have a rope you see and tie it onto the bit and so that pulls 'em you see and tha- then they si- soon learn and you don't have to pull.
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  You just call out that gee and then let 'em go that way
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um {NS} how do um how do you make the cows stand still for you to milk 'em?
176:  Well you have they have to be broke in. You put 'em in first we put 'em in a stock they called it, it was a place that they couldn't move.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  We put 'em in there and we had uh uh boards that you uh poles that you put up at the end after you {X} put 'em in there and put them up and then you were outside of those poles and done the milking
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  until they learned to stand still.
Interviewer:  And they and they
176:  {X} and they'd try to kick and they'd hit one of those poles, they would hit you.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NW} Well that was {X} how long would it take for them {X}
176:  Well it'd take uh right some time to take a right good while. Maybe a week or so before you could let 'em out {D: and} they'd stand still. {NS}
Interviewer:  Um what what do you say to a horse when you want him to stop?
176:  Whoa.
Interviewer:  what about when you're backing him up into the buggy to hitch him up?
176:  Back up.
Interviewer:  You tell him back up?
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {X}
176:  Yeah they they they soon learn to you know they say back up and
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  pull on it and they back up.
Interviewer:  What about to urge a horse on? Is there anything you say to 'em?
176:  You just uh {NS} hit 'em with the lines or with a whip.
Interviewer:  Would you say anything? {NS} {X}
176:  Yeah, giddy up. Giddy up,
Interviewer:  Giddy up? Um what about calling a sheep? Did you did you ever have to call a sheep?
176:  I don't remember ever
Interviewer:  #1 {D: they didn't call} #
176:  #2 calling a sheep # you know they'd always come you know
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  up and
Interviewer:  What about um {NS} chickens, did you ever
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  What remember what you'd call to the
176:  Well you just say chick chick chick chick
Interviewer:  #1 And then #
176:  #2 chick and #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 they'd come #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} # {X}
Interviewer:  Um w- what what would you say if you wanted to get horses ready to go somewhere, you'd say I'm going to what would you hear if you're going to
176:  Hitch 'em up.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. get get ready to go put 'em on the {X} or whatever
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 they call 'em? #
176:  they hitch 'em up.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What do you call the thing that you hold in your h- your hand when you're driving a buggy? I mean when you're
176:  The lines.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about with a horse? What do you call a horse what do you call when you're riding a
176:  #1 riding #
Interviewer:  #2 horse # to guide him with?
176:  Uh the holder. What they ride in.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  There on the horse.
Interviewer:  Now is that the string like
176:  #1 Yeah they #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  comes on from the bits.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah #
176:  #2 You know # it fits onto the bits.
Interviewer:  Um where do you put your feet in when you're riding the horse?
176:  In the stirrups on the saddle. {NS}
Interviewer:  Um if I ask you the difference or somebody asked you the difference between here and uh and {B} house it's just well just uh a block away or so then you would say it's not it's not a long way, I mean it's not far it's just a
176:  A block.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Just one block down.
Interviewer:  Or um maybe not even the term block but it's just a
176:  Short distance?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or do you ever say it's just a a piece or a
176:  Yeah
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 just a # short piece of #1 land. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. # Short piece of land. Uh-huh. {X} Um what about two uh what about if it was a alright that's a like a short piece maybe
176:  A short distance
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
176:  #1 a shor- #
Interviewer:  #2 short # distance, what about if it was a long distance? Do you do you ever say well it's um it's a a what term would you say if um were would you say it's um long uh you'd been traveling and hadn't finished your journey, you might say that you've had a uh
176:  A long ride?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about if uh you'd been looking for something and you'd looked all over the house and you still can't find it, you'd say well I can't find it if you hadn't been able to find it at all, you'd looked everywhere you could think of you'd say just throw up your hands and say well I can't find it
176:  I just can't find it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. But like well I I can't find it {NS}
176:  Here.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. At all? Or
176:  At all.
Interviewer:  Or uh any- anywhere?
176:  I don't think it's in the house.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  {NW}
Interviewer:  {NW} Um what about if you uh slipped on the rug and you fell back this way? Which way would you be falling?
176:  Backward.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about if you fell this way?
176:  Forward.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh what about if somebody'd gone fishing and then came back and you saw them, you'd say well did you catch any fish? And they'd say no they hadn't caught any they'd say no
176:  There wasn't they didn't catch any.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or um well what about I'd say you know just I hadn't been wanting {X} you know like I hadn't caught anything I'd say well no
176:  I haven't caught any.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh,
176:  #1 an- any #
Interviewer:  #2 or uh #
176:  fish?
Interviewer:  Yeah. What about uh uh not not a one or did you ever heard that? You
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 know #
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 say that #
176:  not a one.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, no- not a one or uh
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh-huh. Um what about if um a school boy might say if his teacher was fussing at him he might say well why is she blaming me? I and he- he's he was just t- saying he was perfectly innocent, then he'd say well why is she blaming me? I
176:  I uh I didn't do anything.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Um um {D: well} {X} what about if um there were two children {X} and uh one of 'em started crying and saying well he was eating some candy and he didn't give me
176:  Any.
Interviewer:  And um what about i- talking about a spoiled baby and you'd say well when he grows up he'll have um he'll have he'll have trouble um cuz he's been spoiled you'll say do you ever say like he'll have trouble uh he's apt to have trouble
176:  #1 Or #
Interviewer:  #2 or #
176:  just in the
Interviewer:  #1 Un- uh-huh. #
176:  #2 other people #
Interviewer:  What about referring to {X} like he's likely how would you say would you say he's likely to have trouble or he probably have trouble or
176:  #1 He's #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  likely to have trouble.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Or just {D: that uh} he will
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um um well what do you call the old dead grass that's left over on the ground in the spring? The uh sec- second cutting of the grass that you'd {D: know} in the spring or
176:  Well it would be uh
Interviewer:  Have you ever heard of a term for it? Have you ever heard of the aftermath or
176:  No I don't think
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 I have. #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  um lattermath of growing?
176:  Well it might have been the lattermath of
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 growing. # Yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh O-
176:  Came up after
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 {X} # {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. But you don't know about it right off {X}
176:  No I don't
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 I don't remember # {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what what is the wheat tied up into or the hay? What is it tied
176:  A bundle.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about um {NS} if uh you were telling how much wheat that you'd raised you'd say we r- we raised forty
176:  Bushels?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What do you do to separate the grain with the oats, to separate the grain from the rest of it?
176:  Thrash it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um if um if we were referring just to me and you and we we would say um referring to the fact that you and I are sitting here talking we referring to the fact that there's two of us, we'd say the
176:  Two of us.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or sitting here talking um what about in comparing um and say well um I'm not as tall as
176:  I'm not as tall as you are?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or or um in in comparison, he's not as tall as
176:  I am
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {X} {X} if a man's been running for two miles and then he'd have to stop then you you'd say well two miles is or if he's just exhausted, he's had to stop then you'd say well two miles is
176:  A long distance?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  To run.
Interviewer:  And and what about in specific terms to just him? In other words two miles is
176:  Exhausting?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. And uh he can't go any further, two miles was his
176:  Limit.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, his limit, uh-huh. As far as he could go. Um if I say if you had a pen in your hand I'll say well I'd say well this pen's mine and that pen is
176:  Yours.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh what about when uh people are uh leaving and you want 'em to come back again, what would you say out the door while you'd say well
176:  Come back again.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what about a combination of you and I {X}
176:  You
Interviewer:  you you say if you all or would you say
176:  Yeah, you all come back again.
Interviewer:  Or do you do you say y'all? No I {X} said
176:  #1 You all. #
Interviewer:  #2 You all? #
Interviewer:  You all come back again. Uh-huh.
176:  I don't say you all y'all
Interviewer:  #1 Y'all #
176:  #2 {NW} # {NW}
Interviewer:  {NW} I say y'all {NW} um um wh- if you were at a um uh if you had um say if you call someone's house and there there was quite a few people over there would how would you say who's there or would or do you ever say well who who all's there? Who would you ever say who's there is in other words
176:  {X}
Interviewer:  you'd say you all, do you ever say who all?
176:  #1 Who #
Interviewer:  #2 Who # all's over there?
176:  Yeah. Yeah I who all is there.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {X} Um what about using what? Do you ever say well or would you say what did he say or you would you {X} have you ever said what all did he say?
176:  What all did he say?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Yeah, I've said that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  {X}
Interviewer:  Do you use these regularly or do do you just you know occasionally?
176:  occasionally.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. just because um cuz you wasn't
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # or just whatever pops into your mind you
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 say it? # {X} Um if no one if there's no one else to look out for for them then you'd say well they've got to look out for
176:  Themselves.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh if no one else will do it for him you say he had better do it
176:  Himself.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Okay now this is uh different types of breads I wanted to ask you about. What um what is made of let's see what what is made of flour baked in loaves?
176:  Bread.
Interviewer:  Uh-
176:  #1 Light #
Interviewer:  #2 huh. #
176:  bread.
Interviewer:  Light light bread? And um when i- when you use yeast to make it rise?
176:  {D: Well} that makes the light bread.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what do you call the kind of bread that's baked in a large cake and it's made of cornmeal?
176:  Uh cornbread.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um do you ever um do you ever call it any other thing or do you call it cornbread just for the {X} in a large pan and th- you ma- make it in do you ever have any other kind of
176:  Well we have uh uh you use you can make it into cake or you can make it in muffins.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  You know uh cook it in corn sticks.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh. What about um {NW} uh a co- have you ever heard of a corn dodger?
176:  Yes.
Interviewer:  What's that?
176:  Well that is what you make to eat with fish. And you put onion and uh milk and {X} and all in it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  You know make corn dodgers.
Interviewer:  Well now uh do you fry it in the deep
176:  Yeah #1 deep #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  #1 yeah in the deep #
Interviewer:  #2 deep fryer? #
176:  #1 fryer, uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Well now is that like a hush puppy?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #1 And you #
176:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  you've heard of hush puppies too?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Which do you call it? {X}
176:  We call it corn dodgers.
Interviewer:  You call it corn dodgers? Uh-huh. Um what about there's a do you fry {X} you can have homemade bread or the kind that you buy at the store, what do you call?
176:  Uh light bread, that's made out of not out of meal.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh and that's the kind that you buy at the store?
176:  Yeah. It's made out of flour.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh. Um now what what do you call the um pastry I guess that's fried in deep fat with a hole in the center?
176:  That's a uh doughnut.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh do uh is there any other name for it or in any other shape or is that the only shape that you
176:  Well that's the only shape that I've ever u- made
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 you know #
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 doughnut and the # doughnut hole in the center.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh what about um
176:  {NW}
Interviewer:  something that you make you make up a batter and fry three or four of 'em at a time and eat 'em with syrup and butter, what do you call these? For breakfast {D: you eat 'em}
176:  Well we used to call 'em fritters.
Interviewer:  Fritters?
176:  Yeah
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 uh # were you talking about the pancake?
Interviewer:  Yeah. And uh a- would they always be made out of wheat flour?
176:  Yeah. Yeah #1 made outta wheat flour #
Interviewer:  #2 um uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  Um if you were speaking of um this uh a a bag of flour um you'd say you you went to the st- one the the small one you know it comes in two and five well you'd say you went to the store and to buy two um what measurement is it in? Two
176:  Two and five pounds.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {D: Both} of flour. #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  Uh what about to you use to make the bread, it's not baking powder or soda but it comes in a um little packet with {X} I think we'd you've mentioned this before. Uh it makes it ri- to make it rise.
176:  Uh yeast.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh. And uh talking about an egg, what what do you call the inside part of an egg?
176:  The uh the yolk.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And the white.
Interviewer:  And and {D: the white outside} what color is the inside?
176:  Uh yellow.
Interviewer:  And if you cook these in hot water what do you call 'em?
176:  Boiled eggs.
Interviewer:  And what about if you crack 'em and let 'em fall into hot water?
176:  That'd be uh poached.
Interviewer:  Uh-
176:  Poached egg.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Do you uh um let's see {NS} well and now what about um wha- what do you call the um kinda meat that you use to boil with your vegetables, with your greens that you put in?
176:  {NW} Well ham hocks or and uh
Interviewer:  what about if it doesn't have any lean on it? If it's just all fat?
176:  No you wouldn't get a ham hock that didn't have some lean on it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  But you can get the white side that has {D: both the} lean and
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 {D: fatback} #
176:  And I use that cuz it
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um now the- is there uh any distinction in other words if it's got some lean in it, it's a streak of lean?
176:  Yes. So the streaks it'd be a streak of lean or a streak of fat.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 What about # if it's all fat? What do you ca-
176:  Well uh I'd call uh whiteback.
Interviewer:  Uh- #1 huh. #
176:  #2 And # you don't yeah I n- I never
Interviewer:  #1 Never used #
176:  #2 used that. #
Interviewer:  it {X}
176:  {D: Yeah}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What uh when you cut the side of a hog what do you call
176:  Middling.
Interviewer:  Middling?
176:  It's a middling.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  The side is a middling.
Interviewer:  side of the hog? Uh-huh. And what about um what do you call the meat that you buy sliced thin to eat with eggs?
176:  That's bacon. Sliced bacon.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh what's the outside of bacon called? Do do you have any names for it {D: have you ever had}
176:  {X}
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 the rind? #
Interviewer:  the edge of the bacon, uh-huh.
176:  The rind?
Interviewer:  Rind.
176:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um {NW} let's see what do you call the kind of meat that comes in little links?
176:  Sausage.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And who who sells this kinda meat? What what is the name of the person who would kill the hog and make the meat?
176:  Well uh most {D: now} that you have i- is the um meat-packing house would be
Interviewer:  Yeah
176:  get the sausage from now. But we used to make 'em you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 But now # you don't.
Interviewer:  What about if uh used to a man who specialize in just that? What would he be called? Uh a person who just had a meat shop? Um
176:  Well he'd be a butcher, wouldn't he?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Yeah. Uh-huh. Um if you had meat that's been kept too long what what happens to it?
176:  It gets rancid.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Strong.
Interviewer:  Yeah. And you can't eat it?
176:  You can't eat it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um now this is something else uh {X} after you butchered a hog what do you make with meat from it's head?
176:  Hog head cheese.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And this is
176:  Pressed meat they call it.
Interviewer:  Pressed meat?
176:  Pressed meat.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 Uh-huh. #
176:  We always called it hog head cheese
Interviewer:  {X} and it it's just the insides of the head?
176:  Well it's uh the ears you grind it up, and the ears and what meat there is on
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 the head. #
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 {D: you see} # take meat all down here and this meat all up in there up next to the ears.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um well what do you call the dish that's that's prepared by cooking and grinding up hog liver?
176:  That's um liver pudding.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Did y'all used to have {D: it?}
176:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Your momma made it?
176:  Yeah. Uh-huh. {NS}
Interviewer:  Um did did uh y'all ever make anything out of hog blood?
176:  Yeah my grandmother used to make but I uh we never could I never could stand that. She called it l- uh blood pudding.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  But I I never could eat that.
Interviewer:  And it was out of hog blood?
176:  Blood, uh-huh. They uh they would kill the hog and um and then put it up on a rack and wash it good and then stick it and let the blood come into a pan
Interviewer:  Yeah.
176:  and catch it.
Interviewer:  {D: Yeah} Uh-huh. {X} Um let's see what about did you ever take the juice of the the uh liver sausage or the head cheese and stir it up with cornmeal and cook it?
176:  No I never did.
Interviewer:  {D: You never did} And uh fra- have you I know we {NS} um have you ever heard of scrapple?
176:  No. I I've heard of it but I never
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 uh-huh #
176:  #2 never did # eat any.
Interviewer:  have it? Um what about if you had some butter and you kept it too long and it doesn't taste good, what what would you call the taste or how would you describe
176:  Rancid, it's
Interviewer:  {X}
176:  strong
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  strong
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  Um what do you call thick sour milk?
176:  What?
Interviewer:  Thick sour
176:  Sour milk, it's clabber.
Interviewer:  Clabber? Uh-huh. {NS} And uh what kind of cheese could you make from it?
176:  Well it'd be uh uh without the coloring it would be a white cheese.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  But I don't know what would the name of it would be.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh. Um
176:  Cottage cheese I suppose that would be #1 cottage cheese. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay, uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  Um if uh if somebody had a good appetite and you were talking about the way he's eating, you'd say he sure likes to put away his
176:  Food?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh what about um a type well just what what is baked in a deep dish that's made of apples with a crust on top of it?
176:  Apple pie.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh what about if it if it has several layers of fruit and pastries? Is it different from a pie?
176:  Well I'd yeah it's a little different, uh the a- you could make an apple pie with a crust on top and one on the bottom, then you could make a- another with a deep dish and put layers of the uh crust in-between
Interviewer:  #1 Uh- #
176:  #2 the #
Interviewer:  huh.
176:  the apples and uh whichever fruit you were using.
Interviewer:  And then it's called a {NS} or a a
176:  Well I I always call it apple pie right on.
Interviewer:  Yeah, uh-huh.
176:  But it's not in the round pie
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 plate #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 you know. #
Interviewer:  {X} um what do you call a a sweet liquid that you pour over pudding? Or um milk or cream that's mixed with sugar and nutmeg that that you might pour over a pie? Well have you ever
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  {X} wouldn't it?
Interviewer:  Uh {X} Uh-huh. Um what about in other words if you have say three meals a day and somebody eats between regular meals, what do you call it? Uh what would you call {X}
176:  Eating between meals I guess.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or if you'd say I'm going to have a
176:  Snack.
Interviewer:  You call it snack, uh-huh. Um let's see um {D: now} we talked about the coffee that you used to get from Savannah, and you said it was green
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # green
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: okay well} # how would you make it into
176:  Well they had uh they had to put it in a a baker you know uh what they used to bake biscuits you know or something like that in.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Put in there and uh put it in the stove and uh keep it stirred until it browns.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Got cooked and then we had a coffee mill
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  that uh was near the in the pantry {D: there} beside the wall. And it had a a cup underneath and you ground it and then put it in a jar. And put a lid on it, you'd grind i- you'd make it I mean bake it
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  cook it
Interviewer:  {NW}
176:  and then while it was crisp and all it would grind fine. And put it in a jar and then you made your coffee.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what is it that you usually drink when you're thirsty? You'd get a
176:  Water.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh the object, you'd get a that you'd drink it in, you'd get a
176:  Glass.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um now speaking about this glass, if it fell off the sink {NW} you might say uh the glass fell off the sink and
176:  Broke.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what if you say I didn't in other words if you didn't do it you'd say I didn't
176:  I didn't break the glass.
Interviewer:  but someone had
176:  Put it toward the edge and it fell?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Or in other words but if if you didn't break it someone has
176:  Broken a glass.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about if uh um if I ask you how much water that you did drink {D: you know} did you drink you'd say I
176:  Drank.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 And # uh and then if you asked me you'd say well how much have you
176:  Drank.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about now uh it's got some um say if some of your relatives are over and dinner's already on the table and the family's just standing around waiting to eat, what do you say to them to uh to let 'em know that you're ready for them to come eat?
176:  Well just {X} uh well it that dinner is ready and
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  and to come on and
Interviewer:  In other words is there is there anything that you'd say to them would you be more formal with them than like if uh strangers were here? In other words, would you just
176:  #1 Just #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  uh no
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} # it would be more formal
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 I think # than
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 it'd be # be more informal, be just {D: practice}
Interviewer:  {X} uh-huh. Um what about um if you wanted someone not to say you've gotten potatoes and you wanted 'em not to wait 'til they were passed around you'd just tell 'em to
176:  Pass the potatoes.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh and then once they once they gotten those you'd just tell 'em if if everyone was going to just uh get their food and {D: sit} you'd tell 'em to just
176:  Help themselves.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Um um let's see what about if you decided if someone was passing some food around and you decided that you didn't want any then you'd say well I don't
176:  No thank you.
Interviewer:  No thank you, uh-huh. Um what do you call food that um you cooked yesterday but you're having it today?
176:  Leftovers.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh what do you do when you put food in your mouth? You begin to
176:  Chew.
Interviewer:  Um have um have you ever had a any kind of a pudding that's made out of corn meal and water?
176:  No I don't think.
Interviewer:  {D: Okay} Um
176:  I don't remember it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see w- what um do you call the {D: this uh} southern food that that's often served with sausage, eggs, and bacon? Uh you had 'em tonight. {NW}
176:  That's some
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
176:  #2 grits. #
Interviewer:  {NW} um and uh
176:  Grits and sausage and eggs
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about um ha- ha- do you ever call it anything else besides grits?
176:  No.
Interviewer:  Have you ever heard another term?
176:  Always called it grits.
Interviewer:  Always called it grits? Uh-huh. Um what about the food that the Ja- Japanese and Chinese eat uh so much of that? The white grain.
176:  Uh rice.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um now um I'm not sure how many of these that you would know but do you know any names for some {D: non-tap based} alcoholic beverages? In other words something that maybe somebody would make on the sly. Uh
176:  #1 Uh #
Interviewer:  #2 Well have you # ever heard it called
176:  Yeah uh moonshine?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  And uh
Interviewer:  Did would did any of this ever go on {X}
176:  Yeah
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  heard i-
176:  #1 yeah, oh yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  Yes.
Interviewer:  And
176:  quite often.
Interviewer:  and that's what most people call it? Referred
176:  #1 Moonshine. #
Interviewer:  #2 to it as #
176:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 moonshine? #
176:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Um {NW} if um if som- when something's cooking and and it's um makes a good impression on you, in other words, it
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 it would #
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  the smell, the odor.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  {D: Somewhat}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. If you were tal- you'd say oh
176:  It would smell good.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see if something if if I found a bottle of maple syrup here and I said this isn't imitation ma- maple syrup, it's
176:  uh real maple syrup?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or other than real, what's maybe another word for real? Uh is it
176:  It's pure.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or um um what about begins with G-E-N?
176:  Genuine?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
176:  Genuine.
Interviewer:  Genuine maple syrup. {NW} {NS} uh so we talked about some of the sugar that you used to get in barrels, um if if it's not pre-packaged a- and it's weighed out of the barrel and say you don't buy a whole barrel, then you would say it the sugar was sold in
176:  By the pound.
Interviewer:  By the pound?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about did um
176:  I think they were hundred pound barrels.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And you'd buy it by pound if you didn't want to buy a whole barrel.
176:  {X}
Interviewer:  Uh did you ever {NS} hear it hear it referred to as buying it in bulk?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Or by the
176:  #1 Buy it #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  in bulk. That would be bulk
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 in the barrel. #
Interviewer:  And uh-huh. And in the barrel would be
176:  #1 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 buying it in # bulk?
176:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Buy the whole barrel?
176:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about the uh the sweet spread that you make boiling sugar into juice of apples or {D: pieces of} {C: silence} uh what do you call this?
176:  Jelly?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what do you keep on the table to season the food?
176:  Salt and pepper.
Interviewer:  Um if there were uh both uh peaches and apples on the table and somebody offered you a peach and you didn't want it you'd say no give me
176:  An apple.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh let's see if we were talking about um {X} {NW} if you were telling me about a tree in the yard and I said is it um is it this one right out here would the and and it wasn't, it was one further away you'd you'd maybe point and say no it's
176:  Over there.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. um what about if uh I were doing something and it was wrong you'd say don't do it that way, do it
176:  This way.
Interviewer:  um alright. If a man's got plenty of money he doesn't have anything to worry about but if he doesn't have money then um life's hard on a he would be a
176:  po- {C: silence} {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or well then if um another term to
176:  A poor person?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Um {NW} let's see w- um {C: silence} {C: silence} and a what do you call a place where {NS} um you have maybe peach trees and apple trees and things? A peach {D: if it}
176:  Orchard, a peach orchard.
Interviewer:  Yeah
176:  #1 And an #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
176:  apple orchard.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, there's a lot of 'em. Um {X} well what do you call the part on the inside of a cherry that you don't eat?
176:  The seed.
Interviewer:  {X} Um what about on the inside of a peach?
176:  A seed, there's the seed inside
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 the peach. #
Interviewer:  And now this is talking about different kind of peaches. What kinda peach is it where the flesh is tight against the stone? Or you have to cut the seed out?
176:  That's um um well I know what it is
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
176:  #2 but # uh
Interviewer:  what about um what about the uh kind where you could just break the peach open and take the seed out or it's not tight against the
176:  That's Alberta peaches.
Interviewer:  Alberta?
176:  Uh-huh
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see, what about uh the part of an apple that you throw away? You {X} apple
176:  It's the core.
Interviewer:  And um when you cut up apples in piece- in pieces and you {C: silence} {D: cut} um you're making what?
176:  Dried apples or dried peaches.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Have you ever called uh heard 'em called snits?
176:  What?
Interviewer:  Snits. S-N-I-T-S.
176:  No.
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
176:  #2 Never have. #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um let's see um what is the uh kinda nut that you have around Christmas time, a lot of times you get it in your stocking. It begins with a W.
176:  Walnut.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what do you call the hard covering on the outside of one?
176:  That's the hull.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um what about the soft outer cover when it falls off the tree? The uh soft covering that's on the outside of the hull {X} do you know the name
176:  #1 That #
Interviewer:  #2 for # it?
176:  would be the um {NS} would it be the bare part?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. {X} name for it I believe. Um and of course what kinda nut trees do you have right out here?
176:  Pecans.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh what about a kind of nut that's um they flat and uh there's a candy bar made
176:  Brazil nuts.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh and uh maybe another kind the something joy. What the uh
176:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # candy bar that's uh blank joy {NS} Begins with an A.
176:  Peanuts? No
Interviewer:  Or A-L
176:  Almonds.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, yeah, uh-huh. Um okay let's see {NW} if um there was a bowl of fruit on the table and there was some apples and some uh {NW} orange round fruit, what would the orange fruit be called? The round orange fruit that you have around Christmas time, also to smell good? That you get in Florida.
176:  Uh grapefruit?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or I just said it describing a {X}
176:  Orange.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. An orange. And uh if you uh looked in a bowl that there were some a- there had been some apples and oranges in there and there weren't any more oranges, then you'd say the oranges are
176:  All gone.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um {NS} what is the little red vegetables that are kinda hot that you grow in a garden?
176:  Uh pa- I mean
Interviewer:  Begins with an R.
176:  Uh radishes.
Interviewer:  Yeah, uh-huh. And {NS} what about um the round red things that you grow on {D: plants} in your garden? {X}
176:  {X} beets?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or um juicy {X}
176:  A- um tomatoes.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh what about the little ones? Do you have a special name for the smaller ones?
176:  Uh yeah there's a name for 'em but I can't think of it right now.
Interviewer:  What do you use them for?
176:  Uh for making