Interviewer 2: {X} Okay, go ahead, this is going on. {NS} And by the way I, when we finish this if you have time uh we'll we'll I-I do want to give you a chance to I don't want to make speeches but I would like you to to to raise questions you have and I don't think we should ever interrupt the {D: correspondent} {NS} Yeah, go ahead. Interviewer: Yeah, the tape ran out when you were talking about uh drapes and all that but go ahead and tell me about uh your grandparents, you mentioned you remembered something. 185: Okay, I remember my great-grandparents {NS} the Hendersons Um He his he was {B} Henderson And {B} {D: as felt} as in the Battle of Manassas. And his wife was um {NW} {X} {B} Harper. And her great-grandfather came over from Holland Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 185: and settled in Irwin County. Interviewer: Mm-hmm 185: So I-I remembered them. Interviewer: Yeah, good. 185: And something that I didn't give you {NS} I would tell you were my grandparents' names. {NS} My maternal grandparents are {B} A-R-L-I-E and {B} L-E-E. Um my paternal grandparents are {NS} {B} and {B} Interviewer: {X} You you wouldn't happen to know the story behind that would you? 185: Um maybe Arizona was made a state around the same time she was born, I don't know. But Texas was not an uncommon name for women then because there was a woman who lived up the street from me who died several years ago and she was named Texas. Interviewer: Mm-hmm 185: But as far as Arizona, I've never heard anybody else named Arizona. Interviewer: You call her Tex for short? {NS} 185: Um Miss Tex {NS} Interviewer: Miss Tex? {NS} {NS} 185: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: That's right, yeah {NS} Yeah Okay, good. uh I see. Yeah, I was asking yeah when the tape ran out about these things uh on rollers #1 some people had it with one of this you know that you can pull down and keep out the light that way # 185: #2 Mm-hmm. Yeah. # Interviewer: and uh I don't believe you recognize that. 185: Well we've always called them blinds. Interviewer: You call those blinds? 185: Yeah Interviewer: I see 185: You have Venetian blinds, then you have the rolling blinds Interviewer: Hmm 185: Then you'd pull up and down Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Have you ever heard the #1 this roller affair uh referred to as shade? # 185: #2 {NW} # #1 Yeah. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah? # Okay. I see. {NS} What about uh you know some people in their houses uh of the place right underneath uh the top of the house uh what you might use for 185: The attic Interviewer: Yeah {NS} yeah, ever heard that called anything besides that? 185: Well Um Sometimes it's referred to as the loft. Interviewer: The loft? 185: But usually when you have well, my grandparents' house had a loft and the one where they live now Interviewer: Mm 185: but um it's since been made into the second floor so that the attic is now different from the loft and they no longer have a loft. Interviewer: Mm. Mm. Well is there an attic in your house? 185: Yeah, we have an attic, it's um it's a very sort of a small attic, just between the ceiling and the top of the roof. Interviewer: Mm-hmm, I see. Well you use it or anything? 185: Yeah, we um for storage basically. We put um lumber down across the um the two-by-sixes that are um the ceiling {D: joints} and we use that for storage. Interviewer: Use that for storage. 185: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: I see. Well talking about storage uh w-what type what type of things would you uh would you put in your attic? uh 185: Luggage that you don't use everyday um a lot of people keep Christmas decorations up there. We don't, we have those in a closet. Um old toys that we don't use um we have some leftover lumber that we keep up, there's some leftover paneling Interviewer: Mm-hmm 185: Um sometimes we don't keep clothes up there, we keep those in in closets um basically things that you don't use use a whole lot. Interviewer: Well w-what do you call in general things that you don't use, things that are maybe broken down not good for anything, you know, but you just can't bear to thrown them away. You'd say you have a lot of old- 185: Junk. Interviewer: Yeah. {NS} Have you ever heard of uh {NS} might you keep junk in the attic? 185: Well Yeah {NS} Interviewer: Mm {NS} Have you ever heard of people who set aside uh a separate room in the house where they where they kept all this old 185: A storage room? Interviewer: Storage room 185: Yeah. And sometimes you have a storage house which is a separate detached building from your house, we have one of those too. Interviewer: Mm-hmm 185: And um old magazines that you don't want don't want to get rid of, you throw them out there um old furniture, maybe Interviewer: Mm-hmm 185: Um You sometimes you keep your yard equipment out in there, your tools Interviewer: Mm You ever heard uh mention storage room uh have you called that anything else or have you heard? 185: Well {NS} my grandparents on the farm used the old smokehouse as a storage house and it's still referred to as the smokehouse. They have um an old, they have a packhouse Interviewer: Packhouse? 185: Yeah Interviewer: What is that? 185: Um it's a storage building that um they just use for storage and it's it's always been referred to as the packhouse they keep farm equipment in there that they're not using um they keep some things that they no longer use from the house out there but usual- usually they keep most of that stuff in the smokehouse. Interviewer: Mm-hmm 185: #1 And then you # Interviewer: #2 {X} Go ahead # 185: And also they have a pump house which is a little house built around a pump for the well um they use that for storage and also it it keeps the um the pump from freezing. And it k- it it protects the um machinery. Interviewer: Mm. 185: #1 The pump # Interviewer: #2 Yes. # Now that packhouse, is that a term that's in general circulation or have you just heard your your grandparents use that? 185: I think it's probably in general circulation. Sometimes, instead of a packhouse um it'll be an old tenant house that's used for storage and it'll be referred to as an old tenant house. But it was specifically an old tenant farm house in that case. This is just a windowless building it's probably about twenty feet wide, about thirty feet long {NW} with wooden siding and two big doors. Interviewer: Mm 185: And um {NS} and a roof on it and um I've al- it's always been referred to as a packhouse. Interviewer: I see. {NS} Storage room uh what about jock room? #1 You ever call it that? # 185: #2 Yeah, yeah. {NS} # Sometimes we call it the junk room {NS} {NS} Interviewer: Well you {NS} I mean again in talking about your house uh the kitchen. Have you ever seen a house uh in which the kitchen was uh not a part of the main house itself but it was built? #1 What- # 185: #2 It's a detached kitchen. # Interviewer: That's that's what it's called? 185: #1 Yeah a detached kitchen # Interviewer: #2 A detached kitchen. # 185: There's a house out in the county that we saw this summer {NS} it's an old old-style farmhouse you don't see many of them anymore, it's a dogtrot house. Interviewer: #1 Dogtrot house? Now what do you mean by that? # 185: #2 Yeah # Okay it's got a front room on the right-hand side and a front room on the left-hand side that's two rooms deep. {NS} Um there's a big open hallway in between them. It runs down the middle of the house. Um there's a cross hall at the end of no excuse me, there are two rooms on each side. At the end of these two rooms there's a cross hall So it forms {NS} that part forms a "T". The cross hall is say ten twelve feet wide. At the end of that cross hall on the right-hand side is the kitchen. Um and it has a porch around it a well and a wash basin on the edge of the porch. That's a detached kitchen. I've also seen it where it's further off from the house than just that twelve feet. Say about twenty, twenty feet. Interviewer: Mm. 185: But it's usually connected by a porch. Interviewer: Mm. Mm. Do you have any idea why that was done? 185: One reason um and then sometimes well although not in these cases the um kitchen was in a separate building from the house. I know that it's been said that that was done although I haven't seen any of those at home Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 185: That that was for um for safety purposes um why the kitchen was separated from the house I'm not really sure. Interviewer: Yeah, yeah, I've heard that uh bit about for safety purpose and and possibly you know the the heat 185: Yeah Interviewer: in the summertime something like that. 185: Well it's real cool cause these old dogtrot houses Interviewer: Mm Dogtrot house, have you any other uh uh distinctive styles of house like that that come to mind immediately? uh I had in mind a a type of house uh the rooms uh being arranged in such a manner that if you opened the doors to each one of them you'd be able to see straight through #1 out the back of the house like that. You ever seen anything like that or? # 185: #2 Mm-mm. # Interviewer: What about a shotgun house? You heard of that? 185: No Interviewer: Haven't heard of shotgun. Well talk about the kitchen. Have you ever heard of uh having maybe a a room right off of the kitchen #1 uh in which uh a woman would keep extra dishes or ca- # 185: #2 A pantry # Interviewer: #1 Call that a pantry? # 185: #2 Yeah. # Interviewer: You ever heard that called anything besides that? 185: Um I've heard of a room off from the kitchen referred to as a keeping room Interviewer: Keeping room 185: But I'm not sure if it had dishes and things like that in it. Interviewer: Any idea at all what might've uh 185: I think you probably put I think they #1 they obviously kept something in it. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah {NW} # 185: But but as far as as as if it was say canned food that they'd put up over the summer {NS} whether it was that or say when they got through with like lunch {NS} and {NS} leftover food that they were keeping for supper whether they'd put it in there I don't know. Interviewer: Yeah I see. I'll ask you about uh uh a particular expression, say you know when a a woman gets up in the morning she might move around the house and uh kind of uh maybe she might pick up something here or straighten something here or you know #1 dust a little something there, what would you say she's doing? She's uh # 185: #2 She's tidying up. # Interviewer: Tidying up. Ever heard anything else uh anybody use anything else besides 185: #1 Picking up, straightening up # Interviewer: #2 Picking up? # Mm. Uh cleaning the house? uh 185: #1 Yeah cleaning the house. Cleaning. # Interviewer: #2 All mean the same thing. # 185: Well cleaning the house is usually um involves a lot more work than just straightening up. Usually straightening up then you just were like shift some papers here pick up, straighten up and cleaning the house is um you get out the vacuum cleaner, the broom, you mop, you vacuum, you sweep, you dust Interviewer: Yeah, yeah. You mentioned uh mentioned using a broom. Have you ever seen a uh #1 something like a broom but not with a wooden handle? # 185: #2 A brush broom? # Interviewer: Now what's that? 185: Okay well a b- a brush broom what what it is it's um a hand-made broom and they grow broom straw or broom sage grows at home. And you can um take these straws, there's a woman down there in her eighties who still makes these Interviewer: Where is it? 185: In Ocilla. Out in the county. And um you cut 'em and so that you've got a good broom it's like nothing you buy in the grocery store it's it's what we call broom-straw. Interviewer: Mm. 185: And you get 'em all together about say about three, four inches around tie that with st- with twine with string and you bind it and you can use that and that's what everybody used before your had brooms you bought in the grocery store. Interviewer: Mm. And you say those are still available? 185: Yeah they're still available, there's a woman who who still makes 'em. People just basically use 'em for decorative purposes and I always thought they were used just like they they looked good besides beside a fireplace. Interviewer: Yeah. 185: But we got one this summer for some friends of ours from Ocilla who now live out in New Mexico. Interviewer: Mm. 185: And Daddy came home with it and I decided I'd see how well it swept. And so I swept up #1 part of the carport with it. It works really well. It works really well. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Your mother has one now? 185: Um yeah. It's just for decoration. There's that and then um you can take um gallberry bushes Interviewer: What now? 185: Gallberry bushes. G-A-L-L B-E-R-R-Y, they're they have gallberries. Interviewer: {NW} 185: Um #1 They um # Interviewer: #2 Makes sense # 185: #1 Yes. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 185: They grow down in creek bottom lands at home and it's sort of marshy and swampy down there. And they grow there and you can take these when they get pretty high and cut 'em and people used to use those to sweep the yard with. Back before there were lawnmowers people didn't have grass in their yard, they had shrubbery and then picket fences but no grass. To have grass in your yard was a sign that you were a sorry person. Interviewer: {NW} {NS} Are those gallberries edible? 185: I don't know We've never eaten 'em. Interviewer: Mm. 185: I think so because um {NS} animals eat 'em. Interviewer: Mm. {NS} I see. You me- you you mentioned um picket fence. What what sort of fence is that? Where would you find that? 185: A picket fence you'd find around a house. It's wooden and it's got, well each little slat in the fence that goes up and down in the fence is a picket. And they're usually triangular-shaped on top. It's straightforward and then they've made sort of a triangle, a point at the top Interviewer: Be about how high? 185: Usually about three feet maybe. Interviewer: Yeah, three feet. Are they uh functional or is it just uh decorative or 185: Well functional and decorative. But um if an animal wanted to go through it could. Interviewer: Mm. Mm. I see. Well uh one thing I want to ask you about years ago uh used to, women would set aside one particular day you know uh when all the dirty clothes have accumulated you know, they would set aside a day for maybe something they'd know they want to do their 185: Do the wash Interviewer: Do the wash 185: Yeah Interviewer: Oh and uh is is there any other uh #1 way of putting that that you can think of besides you know do the wash or # 185: #2 Well. Do the laundry. # Interviewer: #1 Do the laundry # 185: #2 Although # Laundry is more an an a more recent term Interviewer: Mm. 185: Than wash day. Interviewer: Mm. 185: Because used to with wash day you'd have to go out and heat up your wash pots Interviewer: Mm. 185: Big cast irons pots you'd have to build fires under them to heat the hot water. Interviewer: Mm. 185: And you'd have a scrub board. And um {NS} a bar of a bar of soap say octagon soap or lye soap, one or the other. Interviewer: Mm. 185: And that's what you'd u- that's how you'd have to wash your clothes. Interviewer: Mm. #1 Do you ever see any of those uh big wash pots around any more? # 185: #2 Yeah. Yeah. # We have some at home. My grandmother still has hers. Interviewer: Mm. Well uh you know in order to get uh uh the wrinkles #1 out of your clothes, you have to- Mm. # 185: #2 You have to iron them. # Interviewer: By the way, uh I wa- I was mentioning a particular day when that was done. Do you have any idea which day that might have been when you know, wash day? #1 Not sure # 185: #2 I haven't. I'm not sure # Interviewer: Do you have any idea uh as to whether certain other chores were set aside for uh 185: #1 Certain days? # Interviewer: #2 Yeah # 185: #1 I don't know # Interviewer: #2 Just not sure about that. # Say uh uh you mentioned that uh that uh your house had a back porch. What about uh uh uh the front part of your house, is there anything uh 185: There's a little stoop at the entryway, the entry is recessed about three feet Interviewer: Mm. 185: And then so th-there's a {NS} a stoop and um actually it's recessed about four feet and um that's a concrete slab Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 185: And then there's a a brick stack going up to that that goes all the way across Interviewer: Mm. I see. Uh especially in older homes you'll find a place you know in the front where uh you can #1 swing and just sit and # 185: #2 The front porch. # Interviewer: #1 front porch # 185: #2 That that's more of a # a full length all the way across the house type thing. Interviewer: Mm. 185: All the way across the front of the house. Interviewer: Mm that's good Have you ever heard that uh called by any other name besides just front porch? uh 185: J- jokingly referred to as the front veranda. Interviewer: The front veranda. Yeah. Would uh would an older person be more likely to to call it uh the veranda or? {NS} 185: I guess so because um usually whenever it's referred to as the front veranda, we're usually out at my grandparents' or at out at my great aunt's. She has a big front porch. Interviewer: Mm. Mm I see. Well have you ever heard people call it the the gallery or the piazza? {C: pa??e? z?} 185: #1 No. # Interviewer: #2 or anything like that? # 185: No. Interviewer: Well have you ever seen the houses uh which the the front porch extended around you know on on the sides #1 too, it wasn't confined to the front # 185: #2 Yes. Yes. # Interviewer: Eh but that was 185: That's the side porch. Interviewer: Side porch. 185: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: I see. Just that part? 185: Yeah The front porch is at the front of the house; you have side porches on the side of the house. Interviewer: Now did that was that uh separate from the front porch or was it part of it? 185: Usually just continues around the corner. Interviewer: {X} And you referred to the front porch, #1 the side porch, the # 185: #2 side porch # Interviewer: #1 far as you know # 185: #2 it it all continues # Interviewer: #1 yeah # 185: #2 it all continues # Interviewer: Mm I see. Well is it possible to have something like that except uh #1 on on an upper floor? You know on the outside? # 185: #2 Yeah. # Interviewer: {NS} #1 Well would that just be # 185: #2 That's a balcony # Interviewer: That would be a balcony Mm-hmm? 185: Mm-hmm. {NS} Interviewer: I see. {NS} Uh are those are these porches that we're talking about usually just open or uh is there any type of uh screen or anything like that? 185: The ones that I'm most familiar with are um are open. Some people do screened. Interviewer: Mm. And then #1 do they call them anything th-- they call them screened-in porches. Got it. # 185: #2 They're screened-in porches # Interviewer: Uh I wanna ask you about this expression. Say if I if I came in uh your living room and and left your front door wide open, you didn't want it to stay that way you'd tell me to 185: Shut the door. Interviewer: Mm. {NS} Is there anything else that you've heard people say #1 I mean besides # 185: #2 Close the door. # Interviewer: Close the door. Do you differentiate between those? Is one uh politer than the other maybe or is one more emphatic or something like that? 185: I guess it's possible that one is but Interviewer: #1 Shut the door, close the door, same things. # 185: #2 Yeah. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: Say uh a house that uh uh uh you know on the outside of some of these houses these frame houses the uh there's a kind of uh the the wood, the siding is uh, constructed like that so it kind of overlaps 185: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 in that fashion? # 185: #1 Uh-huh. # Interviewer: #2 Have you ever heard that referred to by any particular # name that 185: Um yeah it's um it's wooden siding um sometimes it's tongue and groove well it's not really a tongue and groove if it's going that way Interviewer: Mm. 185: um #1 it's probably a clapboard styling # Interviewer: #2 clapboard # 185: but I've I can't remember if I've heard any if it's like boards going this way Interviewer: Mm. 185: uh vertically with thin boards over where the l- {D: wire} boards lap. Interviewer: Mm. 185: That's board and batten. Interviewer: Mm. I see. The you ever heard the the term weatherboarding? 185: Yes. Yes. Interviewer: Same thing? 185: Basically yes. Interviewer: #1 What I was describing # 185: #2 Yeah. # Interviewer: #1 {X} # 185: #2 That's weatherboarding. # Interviewer: Yeah. Weatherboarding, clapboarding 185: Usually weatherboarding Interviewer: Usually weatherboarding. 185: My grandparents referred to it as weatherboarding. Interviewer: I see. And uh the very top of your house, you refer tha- to that as the 185: It's the roof. Interviewer: Mm yeah. Well talking about the roof uh you know right on the sides some of some houses there are these uh things that uh carry off the rain water 185: Gutters. Interviewer: Call those gutters 185: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: As far as you know, were those things built in or suspended from uh the side, most of the ones that you've seen? 185: Usually they're um {NS} they're nailed to the face board. You've got um where your roof comes off you usually have say well, you've got two-by-sixes coming down Interviewer: Mm. 185: and so you run a board over the end of those two-by-sixes usually a two-by-six and then you cover that, usually with a one inch board, and that's the face board. And usually the gutters are nailed to the face board Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 185: and then with the down spouts at the end. Interviewer: Mm. Well say in a house where you have different slopes of the roof, you know #1 uh a place where # 185: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: two of the two uh slopes meet like that. Have you ever heard that place? 185: That's a valley. Interviewer: That's a valley. I see. Is uh the function the same thing? The 185: Well the valley um what you have there you have two different sloping roofs meeting and they meet there so that all the water coming from each slope of the roof runs off down there. Interviewer: Mm {X} I see. I wanna ask you about uh {NS} {D: a verb} uh say uh when you uh by the way if if uh what i- what is the general term you know for a a motorized vehicle that uh 185: A car. Interviewer: A car. Ever heard it called anything else? 185: #1 Can't think # Interviewer: #2 Just a # 185: #1 just a car # Interviewer: #2 a car uh # automobile 185: Usually not automobile Interviewer: Just car 185: usually a car. Interviewer: Mm. I see. What do you say you do #1 you uh # 185: #2 You go. You drive. # Interviewer: Mm. And the past form of that uh yesterday I- 185: Drove. Interviewer: And then I've- 185: I have driven. {NS} Interviewer: You were talking about uh packhouses and uh {NS} storage houses that sort of thing. Uh oh this is this uh any other any other term for a little uh building a separate building where you might keep #1 tools or # 185: #2 A shed. # Interviewer: A shed. I see. #1 For uh garden equipment. # 185: #2 Uh-huh # Interviewer: #1 Or something like that. # 185: #2 Yeah. A tool shed. # Interviewer: I see. And by the way, you mentioned a uh smokehouse that's uh if you mentioned the particular one that you had in mind was used primarily for storage 185: #1 Right. # Interviewer: #2 What's # #1 what's the primary function of the smokehouse? # 185: #2 The primary # {NS} function of a smokehouse was to smoke meat. {NS} But years ago when um there was no refrigeration {NS} um farmers would have to um kill hogs {D: and do it} and they'd smoke the meat, the hams, and sausage, and bacon. And um they usual- they always had to kills the hogs {NS} in the fall after it got cold to prevent the meat from spoiling. immediately before they could um get it smoked, get it cured. And they'd hang it up in the smokehouse after they put salt pepper on it maybe sugar although sugar cure is more of a Virginia cure than a south Georgia cure. Interviewer: Mm. 185: Um there would usually be a hole up in the middle of the smokehouse and they'd build there'd be a pit dug in the smokehouse. It wouldn't have a wooden floor in it. Just wooden sides {NS} holes to hang the meat from and a roof with a hole in the middle. And they'd build a small fire down in the pit dug into the dirt {NW} that {NS} wouldn't so much as burn but it'd smolder and u- usually they'd use oak maybe hickory if they had some, hickory, but there's not there's there's not much hickory at home. Usually they'd use oak Interviewer: Mm. 185: And they'd smoke the meat um I don't know how long but but until until it was to the stage where it would keep Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Well talk about uh buildings like that you know before you had indoor plumbing. Was there a place #1 uh # 185: #2 The outhouse. # Interviewer: Yeah yeah. Ever heard that called anything else? 185: The outdoor john. Interviewer: Outdoor john. 185: Mm-hmm. The privy. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. {NS} 185: #1 That's about all. # Interviewer: #2 About it? # 185: #1 Yeah # Interviewer: #2 Think of any less polite terms? # That you might have heard? {NW} That you care to mention {NW} Oh well uh {NW} might as well try. {NW} Well have you ever had to call a two-holer or something like 185: Oh yeah. A two-holer and a three-holer. Interviewer: A three-holer? 185: Yeah. Interviewer: I-I two-holer's about the limit. 185: Well see um {NS} Interviewer: Gets crowded and {NW} 185: Well yeah {C: laughter} but um {NS} what happens is that um {NS} there'd be a smaller hole for a child. Interviewer: Hmm. #1 {NW} # 185: #2 You don't think they'd fall through. # Interviewer: That's when they {X} {NW} Yeah. Well what about uh {NS} uh have you ever uh spent any time on a farm? 185: Yeah Interviewer: Mm could you tell me about some of the different buildings that you would have on a typical farm or 185: Okay well I've already mentioned the smokehouse the packhouse there'd be a tool shed usually a shed for tractors which would to go under which would be say twelve feet high and the edge maybe fifteen in the middle. Um if it was a big tractor small if it was a smaller tractor corn crib which at my grandfather's farm is made out of logs and has a roof and a floor. and you'd put well when they kept corn in it they kept whole ear corn in it. There's a barn {NS} and um a hay loft which is up above the main section of the barn and where you store your hay {NS} Interviewer: Um could you describe that to me? 185: The barn? Interviewer: Sure. 185: Okay. Um {NS} There's a big center section on the barn that's basically a two story two stories. And the hay loft is the same as your second story. It's um up above the main section where you'd have some animals, although you had smaller rooms on each side of the main section where you could keep animals. {NS} Your hay loft usually has a staircase stairway going up to it. And then basically um about six feet high on the sides and say about ten feet high in the middle. And just a flat wooden floor. There'd be a place in the middle of {NS} a hole where they'd have a cover over it so you could lift it up and close it so you could drop hay down to any animals in the barn. Interviewer: Mm 185: And there'd be big openings sort of a sort of door, doorways without doors at each end of the barn so that if you were um wanted to load hay out of the barn onto a wagon or into a truck, you could just stand there and pitch it out. Interviewer: I see. You mentioned you mentioned after that a stairway 185: Yeah Interviewer: near the barn uh I meant to ask you a minute ago when we were talking about the porch those things that you go up to get from the yard to the porch, you call those the 185: Steps. Interviewer: Mm-hmm Well what about inside the house? Did you have to go from uh say the first floor to the second, you'd call those the 185: A staircase or a stairway. {NS} Or just stairs. Interviewer: {NW} Well uh uh What uh wh- what is the barn used for uh #1 on your grandparents' {D: farmland} # 185: #2 Okay. # Um {NS} to keep animals in usually not in bad in say cold weather because it usually doesn't get very cold at home. Um {NS} if an animal is sick {NS} they'll bring it up from out of the field put it into a smaller room on one of the side inside the barn keep it there if um they have a pig a sow that's fixing to give birth they'll keep they kept her there until they built a farrowing house. Interviewer: A what? 185: A farrowing house. Interviewer: Now what is that? 185: Um it's just {NS} a big okay so it's a building about fifteen by about fifty. Maybe twenty by fifty divided up into little stalls little par-partitioned off and it's got a concrete floor and that's where they keep sows that are fixing to give birth. And they after they've given birth they keep them there until {X} little pigs the piglets are big enough to get out into a pa- i- into the pasture with the mother Interviewer: Mm 185: without getting lost. Interviewer: Mm that's {X} You mentioned uh a corn crib 185: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 a minute ago. # Was there any other uh place where uh maybe other types of grain were kept besides uh just the corn crib that you can remember? 185: Well you'd keep some ground grain in paper in not paper sacks in um burlap bags in um in the packhouse. What most farmers do is that they're um in usually in each town there're large grain companies that are owned by say someone in town and they have big corn bins. Um that are round metal say fifty feet high and they keep corn in that. Interviewer: Yeah. 185: They store the farmer's corn and charge him a storage fee and then they'll they'll grind the corn into feed. And that's primarily that's primarily where most farmers keep their grain keep their corn. Although some are put in corn bins out on their farm. Interviewer: I see. Well have you have you ever heard of anything called a granary around a farm? {NS} 185: Not around not as far as south Georgia's concerned Interviewer: Mm-hmm I see. 185: There are some silos on farms but they're usually um used to hold silage which is chopped up you take your corn {NS} it can be green or it can be dried already made and you just grind up the whole thing, stalk, leaf corn cob, grain and all, add a certain amount of water to it put it in the um silo and it ferments a little bit and you um feed it to your cows and they get very happy. Interviewer: {NW} Well uh does this silo that you mentioned that's the uh 185: That's the the the real big one it's usually a couple of hundred feet high. Interviewer: Shaped like a what would you say? 185: Shaped #1 it's cyli- it's a cyli-cylindrical. # Interviewer: #2 Mm. # 185: It's round with a rounded top on it. Interviewer: I see. Now used to, I don't think you see too many of of these around anymore but uh before a farmer baled his hay he would just {NS} you know, out in the fields pile it up into great what do you call those things? 185: Shocks. Interviewer: Those are shocks. 185: Yeah. Interviewer: But but what size? Uh what shape? What uh They'd be uh 185: Um usually they're {NS} humped ov- hump-shaped and they're probably around twenty feet high. Although that now they're um hay balers that um you bale your hay in a roll and you just leave it out in the field Interviewer: Mm. 185: and um as the cows want it they can go and eat off it. Interviewer: Now these shocks that you're talking about are they the same thing as what some people call haystacks? 185: Yeah. Interviewer: Same thing. 185: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Do you know if if uh people made those haystacks by uh uh piling it around a pole 185: #1 They did. Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 They did? # I see. #1 Have you ever helped out in in uh making on of those things? Mm. # 185: #2 No they're not they're not that common through south Georgia. # Interviewer: I see. Well talking about hay and uh uh where you might keep it you said in in the loft in the barn. Have you ever seen any of these uh things out in the field? Really they only consist of a few poles and and uh some sort of roof and uh the hay is is kept underneath that uh that structure. You ever seen anything like that? 185: I've seen separate hay barns but they're usually usually somewhat bigger than that. Interviewer: Mm Are they fully enclosed or? 185: No. The ones I've seen are basically that same construction but larger. Interviewer: And you call that a hay barn. 185: A hay barn. Interviewer: I see. Um any uh well what about uh uh places in on the farm where you uh might keep uh various animals. What uh what would you have? 185: Um Usually you just keep them in the field although um there is a cow barn Interviewer: Cow barn? 185: on the farm. It's it's not ne- it's not so much a barn but it's got a feeding trough in it. {NS} It's got um a storage room and it's got a place for hay storage and it's got um feeders for hay in it. Interviewer: Mm you mentioned a trough Uh what uh plural form of that, you have several 185: Troughs. Interviewer: What about a a place where you keep your your horses on a farm? Would they uh #1 be kept anywhere special? # 185: #2 That'd be a stable. # Well a stable or something we just kept them in the barn Interviewer: Mm 185: There'd be a a separate room in the barn for them Interviewer: Mm. I see. Any special place where uh your grandparents would've uh had the cows when they were gonna milk 'em? 185: Usually they'd just um they'd be in a barn or they'd go bring them up from the field. Interviewer: Mm. Mm I see. Is there any particular place where uh a farmer might pen up his cows until he got a lot of manure there you know and then use that for uh #1 for fertilizer? # 185: #2 for fertilizer? # I can't think of any, unless they just {NS} unless you pen some up to feed to fatten them out for sale and then you just got the manure from that. Interviewer: Mm. 185: But as far as as far as penning them up especially to collect manure I don't know although there are people who have large feed lots Interviewer: Yeah 185: that have concrete bases Interviewer: Mm 185: They do collect the manure from that and use that for fertilizer Interviewer: Mm Does the does the word compost mean anything to you? 185: Yeah but um that's more that's recent origin. Interviewer: Yeah 185: That's um Well one one of my next door one of our next door neighbors has a compost pile in town and she puts leaves um vegetable peelings and things like that Interviewer: Mm 185: Um as far as there being a compost pile on my grandfather's farm, there's not. Interviewer: Mm I see. Well what about uh your hogs? Where were they kept? 185: They were {NS} usually kept in the field and whenever you have to bring them up to sell them we um there's a separate, a pen down at the cow barn that you just go through, go through the field, usually take three or four people and you um drive them up into the um barn lot and into the pen and then you um separate them out. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm I see. Was there ever any uh shelter? Uh in one of these pens or just strictly open? 185: Um sometimes there's a shelter, sometimes there's not. Interviewer: Mm. I see. {NS} Well talking about farm, what uh the type of farm uh on which you would uh uh have uh milk cows strictly #1 {X} # 185: #2 A dairy. # Interviewer: Call that a dairy. {NS} Do you know if that term dairy does it can you use it to refer to anything uh other than uh that type of uh specialized uh farm where you would have milk cows? #1 Anything come to mind? # 185: #2 It's # also referred to as the plant itself where they um pasteurize the milk, separate the cream from it, that sort of thing. Interviewer: I see. Process it? 185: Yeah. Interviewer: Yeah. Well you know in in the days before refrigeration you have any idea what people did to uh keep you know perishables like uh milk and butter uh uh 185: Usually there was um {NS} {C: music playing} as far as, there'd be like {NS} {C: music playing} you kept your milk and your butter {NS} {C: music playing} my grandmother's told #1 she told me how I can't # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 185: {NS} {C: music playing} There was some place that they did. Interviewer: Mm-hmm 185: And I've forgotten it, I don't know if it was at the well yeah it would've been at the well because the well was like on the back porch right next to the house. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Yeah. 185: And as far as keeping food um you usually cooked enough say at um at lunch for supper so you'd just cook one meal a day. And there were never any leftovers from the day before unless it was say something like maybe bread, or biscuits that would keep without refrigeration. You had to cook everyday. Interviewer: Mm. {NS} {C: music playing} I see. So you what did you do? You just lowered it down the well? Was that it or uh {NS} 185: I guess so but I don't know. Interviewer: Mm-hmm Well have you ever heard of any kind of a-affair that might have been constructed uh down by a stream or something like that so that the the the flowing water would've kept the the uh the milk and the butter or whatever #1 cool? You ever heard of anything like that? # 185: #2 Not at home. # Interviewer: Have you ever heard of uh uh the word dairy refer to something like that that I was describing? 185: No. Interviewer: Haven't heard that. Uh You ever, the term springhouse Does that mean anything to you? 185: Not in connection with South Georgia. I've seen springhouses elsewhere. But not as far as where I'm from. Interviewer: {NS} Well on the on the on the farm maybe uh an open place around uh the barn where the animals might be free to walk around 185: A barn lot. Interviewer: Call that a barn lot. Ever heard it called anything else? 185: Barn yard. Interviewer: Barn yard. Same thing? 185: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: I see. And the place on a farm that uh you would use to let your your cows graze, you'd call that a 185: A pasture. Interviewer: Pasture. Was that usually uh fenced-in or was it open? {NS} 185: It's been fenced-in as long as I can remember. It was fenced-in before I was born. Interviewer: What what kind of fencing doe- {C: about to say 'does'; corrects to 'do'} do your grandparents use around the pasture? 185: Um regular fen- well the only way I can describe it is by saying it is- as regular fencing. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 185: And um wi- wit- with um treated posts creosote-treated posts and um then strands of barbed wire above the fencing {NS} attached to the post usually two or three strands. Interviewer: I see. Any other type of wire fencing that you know about? uh 185: Well there's chicken wire. Interviewer: Chicken wire. 185: Which is a very fine wire and was used around chicken chicken pens because it was, because for one thing it was a finer wire with smaller holes and you didn't have to have a stronger wire to keep the chickens in Interviewer: Mm. I see. Can you remember the days before wire fencing was available? Uh the type of fencing that was used uh and be made out of wooden uh 185: I've seen wooden fences but as long as I've been around there's been wire fence. Interviewer: Mm. Have you ever seen any made out of rails? 185: Just for decorative purposes. Interviewer: What would you call that? 185: A split-rail fence. Interviewer: Split-rail fence. 185: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: How is uh is that the type that uh, how is that constructed? Is it uh 185: It's constructed um in zig-zags Interviewer: I see. #1 Was it nailed together or # 185: #2 No. It's stacked. # Interviewer: Stacked. How did it stay together? 185: I don't know Interviewer: {NW} 185: I don't know Interviewer: Cow wanted to lean against it you know, there goes the fence. 185: Well it may have been nailed. I don't know. But I know that it was that it was also stacked. Interviewer: I see. #1 So you don't see those around anymore except for # 185: #2 No. # #1 Except for decoration # Interviewer: #2 Decoration # 185: A thing in someone's yard. Interviewer: Mm. I see. Well uh say a fence like uh you know uh the one that uh uh Tom Sawyer had to had to whitewash uh, that type of fence. What would you call that? You know what I had in mind? uh 185: A board fence? Interviewer: Board fence? Have you ever heard the term paling fence used? 185: No. Interviewer: Haven't heard that. Well on a uh a farm uh say in the Ocilla area what uh what what's what's what's grown there? uh 185: Corn peanuts, tobacco some cotton but not much um soybeans {NS} {C: music playing} Interviewer: Do you have any idea the the type of work that you have to do when you're raising cotton? Are you familiar with that at all? 185: Not so much cotton, because cotton hasn't been grown too much. You have to um plough it, plant it, spray it and then finally you pick it and now they now they use mechanical harvesters almost everybody, well everybody who does grow it uses mechanical harvesters. Interviewer: Mm I see. Well what about uh have you ever heard any uh expression used to describe the process of of uh weeding uh the cotton? uh 185: #1 You go out and you chop cotton. # Interviewer: #2 Chop cotton. # 185: #1 Yeah. My grandmo- my mothers chopped cotton. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # Was it, that was, that I was #1 referring to it as accurate as weeding # 185: #2 Yeah. # Yeah. You got have to chop cotton, hoe cotton Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 185: Now you hoe peanuts but you chopped cotton. Interviewer: I see. By the way, you mentioned peanuts, have you ever heard those called anything else? 185: Um I've heard them referred to as goobers. Interviewer: Goobers. {NS} {C: music playing} Anything besides that? uh {NS} {C: music playing} 185: No. Interviewer: Ground beans? 185: I've I've read {X} and they've been referred to as that in there but as far as anyone calling them that no Interviewer: Mm. {NS} Well the weeds that we're talking about that you you chopped uh in a cotton field, anything in particular 185: Berry lice and cockle-burrs. Interviewer: Berry lice and cockle-burrs. 185: Yes. Interviewer: Sounds like you've had experience with that. 185: Um I've had experience with cockle-burrs and berry lice but not well not having to get rid of them um cockle-burrs and berry lice primarily go in {D: honey} and also um they'd be in the back fields, peanut fields the same with cockle-burrs. Interviewer: Mm. I see. Well what about stuff like uh #1 uh Johnson grass, crabgrass, that type of thing? # 185: #2 Yeah. # Yeah Johnson grass was around, crabgrass was around, Jimson weed bitter weed Interviewer: Mm 185: although bitter weed you find more in more in pastures and especially in the fall because the cow would eat it and make the milk bitter. Interviewer: Mm I see. You been talking about um fields. Uh anything uh like a field except there might be a difference in size? You might grow uh 185: A garden? Interviewer: Yeah. 185: And then you have orchards where you've got well m- mainly pecan trees at home Interviewer: I see. Are uh uh maybe a a smaller area where you might put something like peas, strictly, or tobacco, you say, I got a little {D: beef} out back uh 185: You can have tobacco field. But as far as a separate field where peas, peas have always been grown in the garden or maybe yeah. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. {X} the uh the Brer Rabbit #1 story, Brer Rabbit and the what? # 185: #2 Yeah, the cotton patch. # The cotton patch. Interviewer: Cotton patch, yeah. Is there a difference between uh a patch and a field? 185: I don't know. Interviewer: Not sure about that. We mentioned a minute ago talking about the uh the fencing, putting them up with the the posts. Have you ever seen this contraption that you use you know to #1 to dig the hole? # 185: #2 Yeah. # Interviewer: #1 What do you call that? It's a post hole digger. # 185: #2 Post hole digger. # Interviewer: Have you ever had the pleasure? 185: Oh yes. Yes. Interviewer: They're fine, aren't they? 185: Yeah. W- Well once you get the knack of it, it's not too bad. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 185: You usually wind up banging your knuckles together a couple of times. Interviewer: Yeah, yeah. Um Well what about uh still talking about fences, that sort of thing. Have you ever seen any uh walls or fences uh around your part of the country that were made out of some loose stone or rock? #1 Anything like that? # 185: #2 No. No. # Interviewer: Had you, do you have any conception of what #1 that is like? Have you ever heard or seen them before? # 185: #2 Yeah I've seen them before, I've seen them up in Tennessee. # And they're just rocks stacked together. No mortar no cement or anything between them just rocks stacked together. Interviewer: Mm What do they call those things? 185: #1 Rock fences. # Interviewer: #2 Just a rock fence? # What about uh this stuff uh, moving on to something else uh the stuff that uh uh families uh best dishes would probably be made of, you'd call that 185: The china. Interviewer: Mm. Have you ever seen an egg made out of uh that stuff that a farmer might use to try to fool 185: A nest egg. Interviewer: Nest egg. 185: Um Usually most people at home use porcelain doorknobs. Interviewer: Really? 185: Yeah. Interviewer: #1 That could be uncomfortable in certain situations # 185: #2 Well you just # stick the door, the knob part, and you've got a nice porcelain egg there. {D: and} and sometimes they'll use an old egg they'd take one, say take a color crayon or something and mark it so that you wouldn't confuse it with with a fresh egg. Interviewer: Mm. 185: And you'd just leave that egg in there in the nest. Interviewer: That work pretty well? 185: Yeah. Yeah, it worked real well. Interviewer: Was that was that the only purpose they were used for? {NW} 185: #1 As as what? # Interviewer: #2 For for as fooling the hen. You know. # 185: Yeah. As far as I know. Interviewer: The reason I ask, fellow told me that uh he used them, not so much for that but to um to uh discourage chicken snakes. Cause you know, they swallow one of those things, {NS} forget about it. Gone. You try to wrap around something, crack 'em. The doorknob, you know? 185: {NW} Interviewer: Uh Well say you had an egg made out of that uh china. #1 You'd simply call than an # 185: #2 {X} # A nest egg. #1 or # Interviewer: #2 or # if you use that word you call it a 185: #1 a porcelain egg # Interviewer: #2 what kind of egg? or a # Say it's made out of china. It would be a 185: A china egg I suppose. Interviewer: Say if uh again on the farm when you're going to milk the cows, what would you probably take with you to catch the milk in? 185: A bucket. Interviewer: What uh uh Have you ever heard that called anything else? 185: They're sometimes referred to as pails #1 but everyone # Interviewer: #2 Pails # 185: at home refers to them as buckets. Interviewer: As far as you know, bucket and and pail, is that the same? 185: Yeah. As far as I know. Interviewer: W-when you think of a of a bucket what do you think it's been made of? 185: Metal. Interviewer: Okay. 185: Usually galvanized steel. Interviewer: Ever wood? 185: Mm-Mm Not now. Once they were but not now. Interviewer: {X} Well is there any type of uh of uh of a bucket that uh might have been kept around the kitchen or the back porch somewhere where uh the wife might throw scraps, you know stuff like that, to feed the hogs with later on? 185: Yeah there's one kept I don't know that I don't know that it has a special a special name or not Interviewer: Mm 185: There's usually just just a bucket so that you go and put the scraps, the vegetable peelings, things like that in. Interviewer: Mm. Have you ever heard people call that of a swill bucket or a swap bucket? uh 185: No. {NS} Interviewer: I see. What about uh something bigger uh than that that you used to put just general refuse in you call that your 185: Trash can. Interviewer: Trash can. {NS} Ever heard people call it anything besides that? 185: No. Interviewer: Garbage can? 185: #1 Oh yeah, garbage can, sure. Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Same thing? # Were those made out of uh 185: Those are made out of galvanized steel. S- sometimes metal. Interviewer: What do you call this uh this thing uh utensil that you can use to uh say uh fry eggs in uh 185: Frying pan {NS} Interviewer: #1 Ever heard anybody call that anything else # 185: #2 A skillet. # Interviewer: Skillet? Same thing? 185: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Well have you ever heard uh probably a long time ago of something like that that uh you could use for cooking uh things in actually in the fire place uh might've had legs on it or something like that? 185: No, not familiar. Interviewer: #1 You ever heard uh spider used in that uh connection as being a frying pan or a skillet? # 185: #2 No. Mm-mm. # Interviewer: You mentioned a a wash pot uh a while ago. Is there anything like that, except maybe smaller? Or uh or say you know if you were going boil tea, you know this thing with a spout you know you 185: Oh a kettle. Interviewer: It'd be a tea kettle. 185: Uh-huh. Interviewer: Mm I see. All right well another container since we're talking about containers uh uh this things that you would use to put cut flowers in, you know to {X} 185: A vase. Interviewer: Call that a vase. Uh any other type of uh now you don't grow flowers in a vase, do you? 185: No. Interviewer: You would grow them in a 185: In your yard. Interviewer: Yeah or say a container #1 What w-. Call that a flowerpot. # 185: #2 A flowerpot. # Interviewer: #1 Do people keep flowerpots in the house like they do vases? # 185: #2 Sure. Sure. Yeah. # Interviewer: {NS} Uh some uh uh utensils that you uh most often use you know when you're eating a meal you use a 185: Knife and a fork and spoon. Interviewer: And if you're having steak #1 more than likely you'd have # 185: #2 You'd have a steak knife. # Interviewer: Or a set of steak 185: Knives. Interviewer: Mm. {NS} Uh we're talking about eating the meal. When you get through uh what do you do with the dirty dishes? 185: You wash them. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. And after you get through washing them 185: You dry 'em and then you put 'em up. Interviewer: Well okay. But before you before you dry them, in order to get to all the soapy 185: You rinse 'em. Interviewer: Have you ever heard people say anything besides uh rinse the dishes? Mean the same thing? 185: No. Interviewer: Ever heard uh people say scald 'em? 185: No. Interviewer: Haven't heard that. And when you're when you're washing the dishes this uh the cloth that you use you know 185: The dishrag. Interviewer: That's the dishrag. Well what about one that you use when drying? #1 Is that # 185: #2 That's a dish towel. # Interviewer: That's a dish towel? 185: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 I see. # Well talking about that type of thing, you know uh when you were when you're taking a bath #1 a small one that you might use to # 185: #2 It's a washrag. Also a wash cloth. # Interviewer: {NS} I see. And the big one that you draw 185: Is a towel. {NS} Interviewer: Say uh in the in the kitchen you know over the sink the thing that uh the water comes out of you call that a 185: #1 The faucet. # Interviewer: #2 That's the faucet. # Well what about uh you know what's the one in the yard? 185: That's a spigot. {NS} Interviewer: I see. Well uh. You know s- these uh portable or containers that uh say men who work with the highway department use when they're on the road. There's usually some little deal you know that you can #1 press or push or something- that's a spigot too. # 185: #2 That's a spigot. # Interviewer: {NS} Have you ever uh uh had any any trouble at your house say during winter time when it gets real cold uh uh with your with your pipes uh any trouble #1 maybe you know how you # 185: #2 Sometimes they freeze. # Interviewer: Yeah. #1 Have they ever # 185: #2 And then # They burst. Yeah. Interviewer: Long time ago, moving on to something else uh when people were going to buy a good bit of flour say or something like that. A large quantity It's the big wooden thing you know with the the staves that it would come in 185: The barrel Interviewer: Call that a barrel 185: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: What do you call those things that they go around the barrel? You know they call them the staves in place uh 185: Those are #1 the metal bands that go around # Interviewer: #2 The bands? # 185: I guess, I don't know. Interviewer: Well you remember the another term uh uh when that the craze was going around these plastic things the hula 185: A hula hoop. Interviewer: Have you ever heard the bands called a 185: #1 A hoop? # Interviewer: #2 hoop? Mm-hmm. # 185: No. Interviewer: No. Well what about something that's that's like a barrel except it's #1 it's smaller. # 185: #2 A keg? # Interviewer: Yeah, yeah. What would what would 185: Nails. Interviewer: Nails come in a keg? 185: Sometimes gunpowder. Interviewer: Gunpowder? 185: Yeah. Interviewer: Say if you wanted to uh to buy a uh a fairly large amount of of lard #1 something like that # 185: #2 That'd come in a lard can. # Interviewer: Lard can? 185: Five gallons. Interviewer: Mm. Have you ever heard any other term for uh that sort of container? 185: Maybe a lard bucket. Interviewer: Lard bucket? Have you ever heard people talk about uh #1 uh a stand lard or something like that? No? Okay. # 185: #2 No. # Interviewer: Say if uh if uh your mother was uh bottling something. Uh or maybe she was pouring molasses into into a bottle with a small mouth, you know? W-what would she more than likely use to keep that 185: A funnel. Interviewer: And uh this thing back in the horse and buggy days that you cracked around 185: A whip. Interviewer: You were talking about uh {NW} uh burlap bags that type of thing a minute ago. Uh say if you went down to the grocery store uh what would the grocer put your purchase in if you carried it home? 185: A paper sack. Interviewer: That would be a paper sack. 185: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Well if you wanted to buy you know uh peat moss or fertilizer or uh something like that uh what would you call the thing that that would be packed in? 185: A fertilizer sack. Interviewer: Fertilizer sack. 185: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Are uh uh what about these things that are made of this uh heavy course rough uh material uh uh some type of kind of cloth-like material you know? Sometimes you see uh pecans in the big processing plants are put in those things or 185: Oh yeah. Those are um #1 those are burlap bags # Interviewer: #2 Burlap bags. # You ever heard anything like that called uh anything besides that? Burlap bag {NS} {C: music playing} 185: They'd also be called sacks. #1 I believe # Interviewer: #2 Sacks # 185: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} {C: they say the same thing} # 185: I've always heard them referred to as a burlap bag. Interviewer: Have you ever heard people in your part of the country uh talked about tow sacks or crocker sacks? 185: Oh yeah a croker sack Interviewer: Croker sack 185: Yeah. Interviewer: Is that the same thing as a 185: Yeah that's the same thing as a burlap bag. Interviewer: Burlap bag. 185: Yeah it's a croker sack. Interviewer: I see. But you're you you're not familiar with tow sack then? 185: No. Interviewer: I see. Say uh if uh a farmer wanted to take uh uh a fair amount of corn to the mill to be ground talking about the amount that he could take at one time. Now have you ever heard uh your grandfather or somebody talk about That any particular way that say you gotta take it referring to the quantity 185: Not not referring to the quantity because usually you take um when you combine your corn usually it's usually combined and it's it's loaded into a wagon. And the wagons go immediately to the mill. And then after they get through grinding it into feed you go and you get a load Interviewer: Mm. 185: which will be any number did burlap bag-fulls Interviewer: Mm. I see. 185: But you go and you get a load of feed. Interviewer: Mm Or say maybe uh an amount of wood that you could carry in your arms at one time. Have you ever heard any 185: That'd be am armload. Interviewer: An armload. Mm. Have you ever heard people uh use the the term uh a turn of corn? #1 Or something like that refer to a a quantity? # 185: #2 No. # Interviewer: Say uh uh uh an electric lamp, if that thing #1 burns out, the thing that you uh s- # 185: #2 You need a light bulb. # Interviewer: A light bulb. Or uh if your mother was going outside to uh hang up uh #1 the clothes to dry she'd probably # 185: #2 Clothesline. # Interviewer: Yeah. The thing that she would carry them in you call that a 185: A basket. Clothes basket. Interviewer: Say uh again I-I mentioned bottling something in in uh uh in bottles the same as you would put in the mouth of a bottle to keep the stuff from uh spilling out you would simply put in a what would you call that thing you put in the mouth? 185: Cedar wood? Interviewer: #1 Yes you'd just put a # 185: #2 You'd have a cap. # Interviewer: #1 A cap or a # 185: #2 You could put a cork. # Interviewer: Mm-hmm. I see. You ever heard that called uh uh cork or a stopper? 185: Yeah. Interviewer: Same thing? 185: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: I see. What about uh this musical instrument #1 that some people can play you know you play it like so? Harmonica. # 185: #2 A harmonica. # Also referred to as a Jew's harp. Interviewer: Same thing? A Jew's harp? 185: Well {X}