Interviewer:  {X} Your name
252:  My name is Jesse. J-E double S-E. {B}
Interviewer:  And your address?
252:  Cedar Key, Florida.
Interviewer:  And the name of the county?
252:  Levy. L-E-V-Y.
Interviewer:  And where were you born?
252:  I was born in Lukeins.
Interviewer:  Where is that?
252:  That is right across the first bridge coming in.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
252:  On that island over on your left, there was a big saw mill there.
Interviewer:  That's Lukeins?
252:  Lukeins.
Interviewer:  uh
252:  L-U-K-E I-N-S.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Were your parents living on Lukeins at the time?
252:  Well at the time I'm sure they were or I {C: laughing} probably wouldn't have been born hey.
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
252:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
252:  #2 He worked in the #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
252:  #2 saw # mill.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh #
252:  #2 A s- # The saw mill. And nobody went to a hospital then.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh I I was just wondering if uh Some people I talk to had been born in Gainesville because that's where the hospital #1 was. #
252:  #2 Practically # all your kids are born in Gainesville now.
Interviewer:  #1 uh-huh #
252:  #2 But # nineteen-eighteen... They might they probably had one hospital in Gainsville then.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. {NS}
252:  And
Interviewer:  Where where is Lukeins now?
252:  When you cross this first bridge coming in town where they were doing all the work.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
252:  Right down below that bridge where you make that turn in the road. #1 Not #
Interviewer:  #2 uh-huh #
252:  the new road, now. The old road.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
252:  Look right across and you'll see your timber land. All that high timber back there.
Interviewer:  #1 uh-huh #
252:  #2 That's # Lukeins.
Interviewer:  That's a
252:  That was a #1 big #
Interviewer:  #2 uh-huh #
252:  saw mill there and it employed about three hundred people.
Interviewer:  Was it on this Is it on an island #1 Near here {X} #
252:  #2 No, it's on the mainland. #
Interviewer:  #1 Oh, I see. #
252:  #2 No # it's strictly it's your first timber on your left when you cross that bridge.
Interviewer:  So it's just a few miles from here?
252:  Well it's uh Actually it's not over a mile.
Interviewer:  uh-huh They used to have a lot of them, saw mill.
252:  Well they had three saw mills here going at one time one was on this island.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  One was at Lukeins and one was at Sumner out here.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  Sumner used to have a population of six or seven-hundred people. Now there- I think there's about fifteen to twenty lives out there.
Interviewer:  um your age?
252:  Have I got to tell you that?
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
252:  #2 {NW} # I'll be fifty-six the twenty-ninth of this month.
Interviewer:  And your occupation?
252:  Right now, sitting on my behind mostly running this trailer park and watching them little birds right there. But I'm ordinarily a commercial fisherman.
Interviewer:  #1 uh-huh #
252:  #2 That's what # I spent most of my life doing.
Interviewer:  When did you go into the trailer park business?
252:  When I married her. Five almost four and a half years ago.
Interviewer:  uh-huh. {NS} And your religion? {NS}
252:  I am a {D: hardtail} Methodist.
Interviewer:  And coming back to your education, did you remember the name of the school you went to?
252:  Well I only went to one that was the Cedar Key School out here. The one I went to burned up in nineteen forty-two.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  Right down to the ground.
Interviewer:  #1 How long was #
252:  #2 And I #
Interviewer:  Go ahead.
252:  I only got through the sixth grade.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh What you were living at um
252:  #1 Lukeins. #
Interviewer:  #2 Lukeins. # And and you went to the Cedars Key school, or had you #1 {X} #
252:  #2 Well # honey I was less than a year old when we moved #1 from there to #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh I see. #
252:  town. But that's where I was born there.
Interviewer:  I see. um Are y- Have you done much traveling or are you very #1 {X} #
252:  #2 No # ma'am. And I don't care to do any. That's for the birds.
Interviewer:  Have you been out of Cedar Key?
252:  Oh, yes. I Seen eight states.
Interviewer:  Which states were those?
252:  Florida, Georgia Alabama Mississippi Louisiana Texas South Carolina North Carolina.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm Have you ever lived outside of Cedar Key?
252:  I spent a year in Texas. Ever since I come back I've never had no desire to cross that bridge out there since.
Interviewer:  What about church or clubs. Have you been active.
252:  No. Very inactive.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm Um What about your parents? Where were they born and?
252:  My parents
Interviewer:  {NS}
252:  My mother was born right here in Cedar Key.
Interviewer:  #1 mm-hmm #
252:  #2 And # my father was uh born on a farm in Newberry. Which is approximately forty-five miles from here.
Interviewer:  Which county is that in?
252:  That's in Alachua County.
Interviewer:  uh-huh Do you know about how far they went in school? Would you have any #1 idea? #
252:  #2 Neither # one of 'em went very far.
Interviewer:  uh-huh How What would you guess they they got?
252:  Mm my daddy got I think a fifth grade education. My mother, I only think she only went through the third grade.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  The lived on an island. Up here between here and Suwannee River.
Interviewer:  What island is that?
252:  Dennis Creek. About halfway between here and Suwannee River. {NS}
Interviewer:  What sort of work did did they do?
252:  Well he was a commercial fisherman. She was just strictly a housewife.
Interviewer:  What about your grandparents on your mother's side?
252:  Well, I don't have no knowledge of my grandparents because I never remember seeing the first one. They were dead when I was born.
Interviewer:  Did you ever hear anyone say where they were born or? um
252:  Well my father's uh parents was born down on the farm near Newberry.
Interviewer:  Both of 'em?
252:  Yeah. Mother and Daddy. That's strictly a farming district up there.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  And my mother's parents was born right here in Cedar Key. Which they were commercial fisherman.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Both of your mother's #1 parents #
252:  #2 Her # parents. Was commercial fishermen.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Would you know about their education?
252:  No.
Interviewer:  You
252:  That was a long time for I came long.
Interviewer:  uh-huh What what about going further back than your grandparents on your mother's side?
252:  I have no knowledge of them at all.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm Your your father's parents were farmers I
252:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Would you know about their education?
252:  No.
Interviewer:  What ab- can you can you trace your your family history back
252:  #1 No. #
Interviewer:  #2 further # on that side?
252:  On either side really.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm What about your wife? How old is she?
252:  {NS} #1 {NS} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
252:  {NW}
Interviewer:  And Methodist too?
252:  No. She's Episcopalian.
Interviewer:  I didn't realize there was a Methodist Church on Cedar Key.
252:  Oh, yeah. It's right there by the standard oil station.
Interviewer:  {X}
252:  You got two s- standard oil stations. Well you know where the Episcopal is?
Interviewer:  uh-huh
252:  You come right down one other block and the Methodist is sitting right there by the #1 standard oil station. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Yeah I heard there were several.
252:  You have uh Church of Christ Holiness Church Baptist Church Episcopal Church and the Methodist Church.
Interviewer:  uh-huh Uh, what about your wife's education?
252:  She's a college graduate.
Interviewer:  Was she born here?
252:  No. She was born in Kentucky.
Interviewer:  Where in Kentucky?
252:  Mm. She'll tell you some little town. I don't know the name of it. She'll tell you in a minute. {NS}
Interviewer:  Has she done much traveling or?
252:  Yeah. All over the damn country. If she hadn't tied down here she'd be in that car going somewhere now.
Interviewer:  {NW}
252:  And I'd fairly hate it.
Interviewer:  What is she very active in church or?
252:  No.
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
252:  #2 No # since she married me {NW} We haven't been to church since unless it's to a funeral or wedding.
Interviewer:  uh-huh What about um her parents are they from Kentucky too?
252:  They were from Kentucky yeah. Both of them's dead been dead.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm Tell me what Cedar Key's life is? How it's changed and
252:  It has changed very little. There's more building going on now
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Than has been in quite a numbers of years.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  But it's on a off beaten path.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  When they took the railroad out of here. This town started gradually going down.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  It is one of the few places left on the face of the Earth that the population has gradually dwindled
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  instead of increased. But I don' think it's going to be that way very much longer.
Interviewer:  What do you think's gonna happen?
252:  Well there's too much building going on. You can't buy a piece of property here. It's all bought up.
Interviewer:  What kind of buildings?
252:  Uh, well you condominiums.
Interviewer:  They're building those?
252:  You mean you haven't seen 'em? Then you haven't been getting around too much have you? You been doing too a lot of talking not traveling.
Interviewer:  Where are they building the #1 condos? #
252:  #2 There's # one going up right now. Right back of the Jiffy store there on main street. Have you seen the new motel? Two story motel. #1 {D: McKinnies} #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah #
252:  put up down on the beach?
Interviewer:  uh-huh
252:  Well there's a condominium right there across from the state park.
Interviewer:  Must of seen them. I just didn't realize.
252:  Probably did.
Interviewer:  Is are the tourists taking over here much?
252:  No. There are comers and goers.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  And just like our park we've been very busy out here since Christmas. Now your tourists is heading back north.
Interviewer:  {NS} Mm-hmm.
252:  You wanna pull is that sun in your eyes? You can pull that shade back a little bit and {NS}
Interviewer:  {X}
252:  That helping?
Interviewer:  Yeah that's fine.
252:  Alright don't think I haven't thought of you.
Interviewer:  {X} You don't think the the tourists present any real threat to Cedar #1 Key though? #
252:  #2 Not # really. No, they're a more or less, a source of income.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  They go and they come. Now we've lost a lot of people out of the park this week already that's been with us the whole winter.
Interviewer:  {NS}
252:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Winter # is really the tourist season.
252:  Yeah sure. cuz it's warm down here.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  They come and they stay the whole winter and now it's beginning to thaw up there and they going to heading back home.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  It'll be November, December. They'll be coming back next year.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  If the gas situation and the Lord is willing.
Interviewer:  What about um the tourists buying up land. Has there been much of that?
252:  Yes. This is a place that grows on you.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  You either like it or you disliked it. There doesn't seem to be no in between.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Most of the people that's buying land and wants a place here {NS} is up for retirement or gonna be soon up for retirement.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  And it's a quiet place. We don't have no trouble down here.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Uh And they want to get away from the rat race.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  And once they come here and if they'll spend a couple of days here nine out of every ten wants a piece of property here. Well there's not that much property to go round.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  That's a question I answer here at this park. Fifty times a week.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Do you know where there's a piece of property I can buy? Well I don't.
Interviewer:  It seems like if the tourists come in with more money and they are trying to buy up the land that eventually, that's gonna force the natives out because it will raise the property taxes.
252:  Well that that's already began. It's already started that.
Interviewer:  How do the natives here feel about that?
252:  They don't seem to be too objective about it.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Uh {NS} Most of the natives here own their own property.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  And they go by a {NS} theme of live and let live.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  No, they're not too objective about it.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. This is um When you were growing up were there more blacks living here than there #1 are now? #
252:  #2 Oh # there was around three hundred living here. That's what we call the negro hill up there. Were you was up there talking to these black people?
Interviewer:  That whole section?
252:  That whole section was nothing but blacks.
Interviewer:  How many were there as many as fifty percent blacks when you were?
252:  Mm no. No he- oh hell no.
Interviewer:  How many?
252:  Well you had a population then approximately of about fifteen to sixteen hundred people. And there might have been in the neighborhood of two hundred to three hundred negroes here.
Interviewer:  What about now?
252:  Well, I think there's nine left up there now and most of them are so old they They were raised here.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm Most of the people here are fishermen still aren't they?
252:  Uh Practically. Practically yeah. This is strictly a fishing village. You see you have seasons for every thing. Like your scallop season. Your oyster season. Your crabbing season. Your fishing season. And your clamming season. And all of that comes from that water out there.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  And that's what they raised doing all their lives.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm How What's that Tell me some about what the commercial fishermen do. I've never been out on their boats or
252:  Well, most of your commercial fishermen {NS} uh are net fishermen.
Interviewer:  {NW} mm-hmm
252:  They catch these fish with a net. {NS}
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  Now you have some hook and line fishermen. What a lot of people call pool fishermen.
252:  They do that commercially and they take parties. That's were your tourist comes in again.
Interviewer:  That goes out fairly deep?
252:  Well, not necessarily. uh Because it's mostly trout fishing. They go up and down the coast #1 not #
Interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
252:  offshore. {NS} They take parties. Your commercial fishermen. You have 'em that fish at night. Then you have your day crews that fish only in the daytime with nets.
Interviewer:  What does the average person around here? When does he fish? At night or?
252:  Uh. Right now, I would say there's more day fisherman, there are night fishermen.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm Does it really make that much difference?
252:  Well, the type of nets that they've come up with now makes the difference.
Interviewer:  What types do they have?
252:  Well it's monofilament.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  And the fish in the daytime can't see it. {NS} Well used to it used to be the other way round when you was using flax nets and cotton nets. They fished mostly at night.
Interviewer:  Now the monofilament uh net fish can't see?
252:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 They can't see it so you can catch #
252:  just as many in the daytime now as you can at night.
Interviewer:  uh-huh What different kinds of nets do they use?
252:  Well, it's mostly all gill net.
Interviewer:  {NW} What does that mean?
252:  That means that you fish gill off in it. Now there's such thing as seine nets. And there's such thing as dragnets.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  Which you wouldn't know what the hell I'm talking about, but that's the categories they fall in. Oh. I'm gonna I'm gonna tell you the uh {NW}
Interviewer:  What what's the um What does a gill net look like?
252:  Well it's approximately seven feet deep.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  You have a {NS} It's hung in on a rope with leads on the bottom.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm {NS}
252:  And you it's hung in on the top side with corks.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  The corks float and the leads sink. That means your net is going down to the bottom.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  And you don't strike in water deeper than your net or it sinks and all of your fish just goes over it.
Interviewer:  Wait a minute. You don't You don't strike in water
252:  No deeper than your net.
Interviewer:  Which is about
252:  Approximately seven feet.
Interviewer:  I I didn't know it was that shallow the
252:  Well this is shallow country
Interviewer:  #1 uh-huh #
252:  #2 where you # doing this fishing. It's a very shallow country. Now if you wanted to do some deep water fishing, you head off shore.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. {NS} Well then how does the fish get caught in the net? How do you how do you set the net out?
252:  It's just a square mesh.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  And when that fish hits it.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  His head is sharp. But then he tapers off. He gets caught under his gills. That's why it's called a gill net.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  And he can't go ahead, or he can't back out.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What's the uh other kind you mentioned?
252:  Seine net
Interviewer:  uh-huh
252:  is a net that you drag. You pull it in and pull all the fish in in a in a seine which is a long pocket. All of them fish will be in like a bag when you get them in.
Interviewer:  You mean you have? I was watching this fellow mend a net #1 um #
252:  #2 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  There were actually two nets. I mean two. What I would call two nets.
252:  Yeah #1 it's #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
252:  Well actually it's that's what is called a pocket net, or a trammel net.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  He has two He has a net really
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  in the center and a pair s- trammels on both sides of it.
Interviewer:  What is the trammels now?
252:  Trammel is what makes the pocket. This net Is approximately by itself would fish in eight or nine feet of water.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  But the trammels that's holds it together makes it a pocket net now.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Well only fish in six so there you four you've got two feet of net there. That when that fish hits it he makes a pocket.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  He's just in a bag out there. He can't back up or he can't go ahead. #1 That's why it's #
Interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
252:  called a pocket net.
Interviewer:  It's looser now so he can carry
252:  #1 That's right. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
252:  That's what we call bunt.
Interviewer:  What do you mean bunt?
252:  Bunt is your net's deeper than your trammel so when that fish hits it he #1 Takes up the #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh, I see. #
252:  slack #1 web. #
Interviewer:  #2 uh-huh #
252:  And makes a pocket.
Interviewer:  {NW} So that the trammel looks sort of like fence then?
252:  Yeah. Yeah. #1 Big, yeah, big #
Interviewer:  #2 Just square. #
252:  squares mm.
Interviewer:  uh-huh They just have it on one side or?
252:  No they have it on both #1 sides. Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 On both sides. # How? How would you if? Okay, you're going to go out fishing you how do you throw out the net? How do you #1 you? #
252:  #2 You # run it off with the motor. Or either a long a fourteen foot poling oar. Now at night when you can't see too good what you're doing.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  You have a long stick with a blade on it. What we call a pole oar.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  And you pole that you shove that skiff boat. Approximately seventeen to eighteen foot skiff boat.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  And you shove it by hand.
Interviewer:  #1 The water's shallow enough that you can touch the bottom. #
252:  #2 Oh yes. Oh sure. # You are hardly ever in over six or seven feet of water where you're fishing.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Lot of people now in the day time, they use what is known as bird dogs. They run them off of the boat with a motor.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm Well Do you have the net out in a circle?
252:  #1 Mostly. Mostly #
Interviewer:  #2 Or in a straight line? #
252:  in a circle yes.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  So you have closed those fish in.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Then you just wait a few minutes?
252:  We you beat in the water. Raise hell. #1 Stomp. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
252:  And scare 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  Sit down and wait fifteen twenty minutes and What's going to hit has usually already hit that net. Then you take it up by hand.
Interviewer:  What's you mentioned another kind of net that drags.
252:  Drag net.
Interviewer:  That's different now from the?
252:  Well it's a pocket net, but it's hung different. And you drag that. You once you've circled your fish in
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  you get over board and drag it up. To where the circle is no bigger than that. They either hit go under or go over. Because you drug them all up in one little circle.
Interviewer:  uh-huh. How how are you go over?
252:  You get over board.
Interviewer:  What do you mean you get over board?
252:  You just jump over.
Interviewer:  #1 You jump in the water and start? #
252:  #2 Sure. # You have to.
Interviewer:  Then you just start? #1 Pulling that net into a into a circle? #
252:  #2 They pull in that net until you get it # right up to where the circle is no bigger than that.
Interviewer:  No bigger than? Than?
252:  Than.
Interviewer:  Your arms #1 Together? #
252:  #2 That's right. #
Interviewer:  What about um this someone was telling me about some way of having nets so you could have very long nets and something about a pole or {X} Do you ever use very long nets?
252:  The average {C: static} the about as long a net as the average fisherman use will range something like about maybe four hundred yards long.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  That's about that's that's a pretty good net.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm Are they ever set out in any other way besides just in circles? Do you ever just #1 just have? #
252:  #2 Yeah oh # yeah that's what you call driving.
Interviewer:  Drive?
252:  Driving.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What's that?
252:  Well at night. You'll make a half moon.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  With this long net.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  And then you will go up approximately two hundred yards in shore and go to beating and drive those fish out on your net. Now in the daytime You do that for trout. Because trout usually don't go around your net but mullet
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  will take and just go right on around your net and keep going. But you do that at night for mullet #1 where they #
Interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
252:  don't see as good.
Interviewer:  hmm
252:  #1 But in #
Interviewer:  #2 How #
252:  the daytime that won't work. You have to circle 'em.
Interviewer:  This water is shallow enough so you can see when you have a lot of fish in an area.
252:  Sure. You know when you've got 'em and when you haven't.
Interviewer:  I mean when when you're deciding where to set the net at you just?
252:  #1 Well you find your #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
252:  fish. This mullet jumps.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  Flips. And lot of times they will be up on an oyster bar. You just round up the whole oyster bar. Get in there and beat 'em off it.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  It's something that would be interesting if you never seen it.
Interviewer:  Yeah I never.
252:  {NW}
Interviewer:  That's when I saw him fixing the net. That's the first time I'd ever looked at a net even.
252:  Is that right?
Interviewer:  Do people around here ever go out in deep water?
252:  Oh yeah they go uh grouper fishing.
Interviewer:  This is all the the lines.
252:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Not you can't use a net at all?
252:  No not out there. You're in thirty forty feet hundred feet of water. That's strictly a hand line fishing.
Interviewer:  uh-huh.
252:  {D: Tell you.} I went grouper fishing my wife and I here about a month and a half ago. #1 About #
Interviewer:  #2 Did you catch anything? #
252:  Yeah, we I caught one grouper, but we caught a lot of little fish. What we call blackfish.
Interviewer:  {NW} What's a blackfish?
252:  One of these good eating fishes. They hardly ever get over two pounds at the biggest.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  But they are a good eating fish.
Interviewer:  They're deep sea
252:  #1 Oh yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 Fish? #
252:  Yeah. Yeah, we were catching them in about seventy feet of water. {NS} That is about thirty-five miles off shore.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  Well you don't see land for several hours.
Interviewer:  Do most of the people around here. Do they have a small boat and usually just two or three people go out?
252:  Mostly. {NS} It's hardly ever over two.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  And now it's mostly just one.
Interviewer:  How can they manage with just one?
252:  Well now well he can handle that net.
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
252:  #2 He can # handle it pretty good. Right by his self.
Interviewer:  This is this with a bird dog? #1 {X} #
252:  #2 That's # with the bird dog yeah. Or a skiff boat, either one.
Interviewer:  Why would anyone need two people?
252:  Well, it makes his work easier. One pulls the lead line. The other one pulls the cork line. It makes it a lot easier. But then there's two of you to share in that
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
252:  #2 catch # instead of one. That's when it makes it harder.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah, I guess so. #
252:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  Um Did you move around much when you were small? Did you?
252:  Did I what?
Interviewer:  Did you move around much or did you live in the same house?
252:  Oh no. We moved. {NS} Goodness god almighty.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah it's not glaring in. #
252:  #2 {X} # No we'd move in I guess five or six times. In my lifetime.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about that? Is there one house that you remember particularly well, you know, that you lived in for
252:  It was oh, not much different from any of the rest of 'em.
Interviewer:  #1 I thought #
252:  #2 Every # damn one of 'em leaked.
Interviewer:  {NW} I would like to get an idea of what it looked like. Do you think you could sort of make a sketch of it, of the floor plan or just describe the floor plan to me? What way the rooms were and?
252:  No. That's about the one thing I'm not is no architect. But it was just an ordinary small house three to four room house.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Just Uh, was it a shotgun type house or, you know, one room behind the other where there Where there a room here and a room here and then two rooms behind here or
252:  Mm similar to that. Some of 'em were and some of 'em wasn't.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh There You say it had about four rooms #1 in it? #
252:  #2 Yeah # Usually four rooms
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  was about the extent of it.
Interviewer:  What when you first walk in what what room would you be in?
252:  You walked in the living room.
Interviewer:  #1 mm-hmm #
252:  #2 Just # like you walk right in right here.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  When you come in that door. Usually the kitchen set off like that and then it was much bigger.
Interviewer:  Was it behind the living room?
252:  Yeah. Come out of the kitchen the living room and then your bedroom's usually in the back.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Well say say if you {NS} Is it a square? Was it s- #1 square? #
252:  #2 Most all # of 'em were built on the same type.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Then
252:  You come in the front door here.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  Usually your kitchen was a big room where you cooked and eat in it.
Interviewer:  uh-huh
252:  Then.
Interviewer:  It was? There would there be a wall this way or?
252:  Yeah. The bedrooms would sit over here.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  And back then, you didn't have no bathrooms. You used outhouses.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Was there any hall?
252:  Usually there was a little hall in there.
Interviewer:  Where where would the hall be?
252:  Down the middle of the room. Your bedrooms would sit on both side.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. So just a hall right?
252:  mm-hmm {D: Little halls} into that one right there
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um. Was the hall was there a hall between the living room and the #1 kitchen or? #
252:  #2 No. # It usually started just similar to this trailer right here.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  It just started after you left your living room.
Interviewer:  Oh, I see. This this was a living room here or?
252:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  And this was the kitchen next to it?
252:  Uh-huh. That usually took up half of your house right there.
Interviewer:  The kitchen did?
252:  The kitchen and your living room. Then your bed rooms was usually on both sides down the hallway.
Interviewer:  What about out here? Was there?
252:  Out here?
Interviewer:  Yeah. If you stepped out of the living room you'd be on the?
252:  {X} When you come in you see you come in your living room just like you come in that now that #1 we have #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
252:  this built on there.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
252:  #2 But before # we built that on you come right in your living room.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  Then you went in your kitchen.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  Just exactly like this trailer's set up.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Well, if you walked out of the living room, would you?
252:  Be going right down that hallway but on this trailer
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  Uh, the hallway sits there on the side of the building, but it was down the middle of the building.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  And your bedrooms was on both sides of the hallway.
Interviewer:  What about outside the house? Did you have? If you walked outside the house would you just be out in the yard or would? #1 you have? #
252:  #2 Be out # right out in the yard. You come right out of the yard right into the house.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. You didn't have any porch or any #1 thing? #
252:  #2 Well # usually there was a little porch on most all of the buildings.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um How did you heat your house?
252:  With a fire place. And a wood heater.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  Now in my very early days it was a fireplace.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  And it would freeze you to damn death.
Interviewer:  {NW}
252:  And then they got wood heaters.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
252:  Every house had a chimney on it then. You cooked with wood on wood stoves. Until they went to kerosene stoves. Now gas stoves. Now electric stoves.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about on the fireplace? That part on the floor in front of the fire place. Maybe made out of rock or brick or something.
252:  {X}
Interviewer:  Do do you know what I mean? The
252:  #1 Well the #
Interviewer:  #2 Towards the # the floor of #1 the fireplace. #
252:  #2 {X} # Well it came off of the fireplace right the floor.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm Do you have a special name for that? Did you ever hear?
252:  Mm no. You can go right over there in that rec room and get a look at that one and that's similar.
Interviewer:  Did you ever hear of a hearth or hearth?
252:  Hearth.
Interviewer:  What what part of the fireplace is that?
252:  That's coming off of the front of it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Did you ever hear of people cooking on a fire place or?
252:  Oh sure. You take right over here in the rec room. Get up and come go with me and let me show you what a fireplace looks like. -place you ever seen?
Interviewer:  This is a pretty large fireplace. That's four
252:  That's good four feet.
Interviewer:  Uh, you know that part above the fire place?
252:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  You call that? That you can set {D: blocks of things on}
252:  Yeah. Call it the to me, you call it a shelf.
Interviewer:  Okay.
252:  I don't know what other people call it.
Interviewer:  What about the things that you lay the wood across on inside the fireplace?
252:  What are they called {D: Francy?}
Auxiliary 1:  Andirons mostly.
252:  What?
Auxiliary 1:  Andirons. {NW}
252:  Hand iron?
Auxiliary 1:  Andiron.
252:  Andirons.
Interviewer:  Did you ever hear of that?
252:  I've heard it before but I don't know what the hell it means.
Interviewer:  Did you ever hear of dog irons?
252:  #1 Dog irons. #
Interviewer:  #2 Fire dogs? #
252:  Yeah fire dogs. Yeah everybody calls 'em different things.
Interviewer:  What what sounds most familiar to you?
252:  Fire dogs sounds more to me, familiar. I've hear 'em called that more.
Interviewer:  If you were going to start a fire what kind of wood do you use for starter?
252:  Pine.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  Then lay your oak logs on it.
Interviewer:  What would you call that kind of rich pine that you would use for starting it?
252:  Just uh Fat lighter.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about, uh, taking a big piece of wood and setting it toward the back of the fireplace, and it'd burn all night.
252:  These oak logs do.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Do you ever hear a special name for for that though?
252:  No.
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear back back stick or back log or?
252:  I have not. Hey.
Interviewer:  Hi.
Auxiliary 2:  {X}
Interviewer:  #1 Oh really? #
252:  #2 Hmm #
Auxiliary 2:  Since Monday.
Auxiliary 1:  Well that's a shame.
Auxiliary 2:  Feeling better now. {X}
252:  Now there's a fellow right there that can give you a lot of history he's got an old shoebox full of arrowheads that he's found, he has six.
Auxiliary 2:  {D: Wilson's} done past viewing arrowheads.
252:  Is that right?
Auxiliary 2:  Three about that long. Beautiful perfect {X} Two three of 'em.
252:  He spends his time walking up the beaches picking up arrowheads. And he does have a nice collection.
Auxiliary 1:  Listen I hope we didn't impose on you {X}.
Interviewer:  Oh. You know the black stuff that forms in the chimney?
252:  Smut.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Any other names for that?
252:  Mm Soot, lotta people call it soot but it's mud.
Auxiliary 1:  I want to make my {X}
Interviewer:  What about the things that you shuffle out of the fireplace?
252:  That is ashes.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  After you burn so much wood over there you got
Auxiliary 1:  I burn it up
252:  Shovel the ashes out.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And some of the things you have in the house, the thing that I'm sitting on, you call a?
252:  {D: Gold chair.}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about that thing there that?
252:  That's a davenport.
Interviewer:  Any other names for that?
252:  Yeah, we use it for {D: bath.} {NW}
Interviewer:  {NS} What else besides a a
252:  Settee.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about sof-
252:  Sofa.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Is that all the same thing?
252:  That's all the same thing.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What different things um could people have in their bedrooms for keeping clothes in?
252:  Closets.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. That's built in isn't it?
252:  That's usually build in, yes.
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear a closet called a locker?
252:  I've heard of lockers.
Interviewer:  Is that the same #1 thing? #
252:  #2 It's # same thing.
Interviewer:  Isn't that the word they use on a boat? The lock-
252:  Lockers?
Interviewer:  W- would you ever call a closet in your house a locker?
252:  No I would call it a closet.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. #1 What ab- #
252:  #2 On # a boat, we called it a locker.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  The locker room.
Interviewer:  What about the Uh If you didn't have a built in closet what might you have?
252:  Shoot usually do what I do every morning throw 'em on a chair put 'em on the bed.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Floor.
Interviewer:  Well what if you had something made with drawers in it or
252:  You'd uh you'd you'd cram stuff in there just to get 'em out of the way.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What would you have with drawers in it?
252:  A dresser.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Anything else besides a dresser?
252:  Mm no.
Interviewer:  You ever hear of a bureau or?
252:  Bureau, yeah. It's the same thing.
Interviewer:  Is one of them more old fashioned or?
252:  Well I like the bureau. It's more old fashioned than the dresser.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What about things that they used to have at um you could hang your clothes up in?
252:  That's a closet.
Interviewer:  Well before they had built in closets uh.
252:  Hangers.
Interviewer:  What's the hanger on?
252:  It's a pole sticking across your room where you can hang your clothes on.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Did you ever hear something um {NS} a wardrobe or?
252:  Wardrobe yeah.
Interviewer:  What does a wardrobe look like?
252:  It's a build in thing you put your clothes on. Yeah.
Interviewer:  It's built in?
252:  Oh yeah.
Interviewer:  Like
252:  And it has drawers.
Interviewer:  Is it like a closet then?
252:  It's similar, very.
Interviewer:  What about something similar to a wardrobe that isn't built in?
252:  Hmm.
Interviewer:  #1 Did you ever #
252:  #2 That's # {X}
Interviewer:  An armoire or chifforobe?
252:  No.
Interviewer:  And a general name for the things that you have in the house all the tables and chairs and things. A general name for that would be?
252:  Furniture.
Interviewer:  Okay. Do you ever hear it called house fixings or {X}?
252:  No. Call a lot of this {D: flounder}
Interviewer:  What do you mean by flounder? Just?
252:  Outdated.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  In the way.
Interviewer:  Just
252:  Mostly I call it junk.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about a a room that could be used for things that you don't know where else to put them?
252:  As a junk room.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And something um {D: unroll or sit.} You having a window To pull down to keep out the light. You call those
252:  Shades.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And
252:  What the hell you think I just pulled cross there to keep that sun out of your face {D: well and good?}
Interviewer:  Do you do you think of this as shades too?
252:  Sure.
Interviewer:  This?
252:  Isn't that shade get sun out of your face?
Interviewer:  Well what uh the things that pull down, you would call those shades?
252:  #1 Those are shades too #
Interviewer:  #2 These you pull across. #
252:  yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about curtains? Is that the same as #1 shades? #
252:  #2 That's # the same thing, it keeps the s- sh- shades yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And the the covering on the top of the house is called the?
252:  Roof.
Interviewer:  And the things along the edges of the roof to carry the water off?
252:  Hmm. Drains?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. How how are they built in or do they hang there or?
252:  They hang there. They're hanging all over this trailer
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What about when you have a house in an L? The place where they come together? That's the?
252:  Well you have a drain there.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm Do you ever hear that called the valley?
252:  No. {NS}
Interviewer:  What about the room at the top of the house? Just under the roof.
252:  That's a {D: dais.}
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Or the space between the ceiling and the the roof.
252:  Just usually a junk room.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Did you ever hear it called the attic #1 or? #
252:  #2 Attic # Yeah.
Interviewer:  Garret?
252:  Yeah attic mostly.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Did you ever see kitchens uh built differently from how they're built now? Like
252:  Hmm, yes. Quite a bit.
Interviewer:  How were they different?
252:  Well, they were different because they were larger.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  You cook the meat usually mostly in the same room. In the kitchen.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Did you ever see kitchens built separately from the rest of #1 the house? #
252:  #2 Oh # yes. Oh yes.
Interviewer:  How?
252:  You had a little room there that you eat in, you had one that you cooked in.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Why were they built separately?
252:  Cause that's the way people want them, they had the house built like that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh so no
252:  #1 That was it, no. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
252:  {X}
Interviewer:  And a little room off the kitchen, where you could store canned goods and extra dishes and things.
252:  That's one of them right {D: down there.}
Interviewer:  What would you call it?
252:  Storeroom.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Do you ever hear of a pantry or a
252:  #1 Pantry. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
252:  Pantry yeah.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm and talking about the daily housework um say {NS} a woman would say, if her house was a big mess, she'd say she had to? {NS} Do what?
252:  Clean it.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And the thing she sweeps with would be a
252:  Broom.
Interviewer:  And if the broom was in the corner, and the door was open so that the door was sort of hiding the broom, You say the broom was
252:  In the closet.
Interviewer:  Well, that's not in the closet, it's in the corner. And the door's open, so you can't see the broom. You say the broom is? Where? In relation to the door?
252:  She probably hid it to keep from using {NW}
Interviewer:  She hid it where?
252:  In the corner.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. But you'd say it's back of the door or
252:  #1 Back of the door #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
252:  is a good place, and sweep all the trash under the rug.
Interviewer:  Under the what?
252:  Rug. Too far to sweep it to the door, that's where they usually sweep.
Interviewer:  {NW}
252:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Um. Say you had a two story house, to get from the first floor to the second?
252:  They know who didn't clean the upstairs always clean the downstairs and wouldn't let nobody go up there. #1 Get #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
252:  the company downstairs.
Interviewer:  Did you ever live in a large two #1 story house? #
252:  #2 Oh yes. # I lived upstairs and we always swept the trash down the stairs and let them take it from there.
Interviewer:  Um. The thing that uh from the porch to the ground you To get from the porch to the ground you have some
252:  Steps?
Interviewer:  Okay. Do you remember um
252:  What are you trying to do, see how much sense I got or how little I ain't got? {NS}
Interviewer:  I'm just interested in the different expressions and things from around here.
252:  You'll get some good ones.
Interviewer:  Do you remember um you seen different kinds of porches? Built like the porches go all the way around the house?
252:  Oh yeah. Yeah and go all the way around the house and halfway around the house, and right and little porch in front of the house.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Did any of the porches have special names?
252:  Yeah porches.
Interviewer:  Did you ever hear piazza or #1 gallery or? #
252:  #2 No # they use that up north.
Interviewer:  What do they call them? {NS}
252:  I don't know what they call them cuz I ain't never been up north.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. But you never heard anything but porch around here?
252:  Porches.
Interviewer:  And the you know some houses have boards on the outside that sort of lap over each other?
252:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  You call those
252:  Boards.
Interviewer:  What you know the the design. Where the outside of the house is, Instead of being brick something it's covered with uh long boards that That are, fixed by lapping over each other.
252:  Mm-hmm. That's a wood house.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Do you ever hear a clapboard or weatherboarding?
252:  Weatherboarding.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Mostly what they called it round then.
Interviewer:  And say if you wanted to, to hang up a picture, you take a nail and a?
252:  Drive it into the wall.
Interviewer:  With a?
252:  Hammer.
Interviewer:  mm-kay So you say I took the hammer and I, what the nail in?
252:  You knock the hell out of it. {NW}
Interviewer:  Using the word drive you?
252:  Drive.
Interviewer:  #1 I took the hammer and I #
252:  #2 {X} # Drove the nail in.
Interviewer:  Okay.
252:  Wall.
Interviewer:  And if it didn't get in far enough, you say, it's gotta be.
252:  You usually hit your thumb and curse {X} For about thirty minutes and try it again.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh, so you say, the nail's gotta be. What in further?
252:  It's gotta be drove in further.
Interviewer:  Okay. And, if the door was open and you didn't want it to be. You'd ask somebody to,
252:  {NW}
Interviewer:  If the door is open, and you don't want it to be, you'd tell someone to
252:  Close the damn door.
Interviewer:  Okay. #1 Or is that #
252:  #2 You'd say # {D: cold wind out.}
Interviewer:  Another word you could use instead of close, you'd say.
252:  Shut it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Where would y'all use to keep wood?
252:  Right by the stove and the fireplace.
Interviewer:  Do you ever have any little buildings?
252:  Had little boxes you kept it in wooden boxes.
Interviewer:  What about tools? Where were they
252:  You had 'em in the tool shed. Under the bed scattered all over the house that's where mine's at now. Scattered all over the house.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
252:  Takes me thirty minutes to find my hammer to do two minutes worth of work with it.
Interviewer:  Um, you mentioned the the the outhouse, any other names for that?
252:  Yeah but I don't think I should {D: mention it um} {NW} {X} Bathhouse, we'd better let that go with that.
Interviewer:  Okay. What, did anyone around here um Do any sort of farming when you were young? Or was everybody
252:  Everybody had their own gardens.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  You see I came up right during the depression. {NS}
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Everybody had their little garden.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  And a bunch of chickens.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Because money was hard to get a hold of.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  You didn't make no money nobody didn't have no money you caught what you eat and you raised what you eat.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Like the chickens produced our breakfast every morning, the eggs.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  We'd steal a hog every now and then so we could have some bacon and a little grease. And fish clams oysters scallops. Crabs. We caught all that.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  And we spent our money for booze. Always keep your money for booze cause they wouldn't give you that.
Interviewer:  What different on a farm, what different buildings did you have?
252:  I don't know, I never lived on a farm.
Interviewer:  Did, well say where would you store hay?
252:  Throw it in a barn I guess.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  If you didn't eat it.
Interviewer:  What about the upper part of the barn? Where you'd store the hay, you'd call that the?
252:  No, I'm telling you I'm not no farmer, I'm a fisherman.
Interviewer:  But I wanna ask you.
252:  #1 That's a attic too #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
252:  I guess.
Interviewer:  Huh?
252:  That's up in the attic too.
Interviewer:  What about um if you had too much hay? To put up there, you could leave it outside in a? #1 Did you ever see. #
252:  #2 mm #
Interviewer:  Or hear about hay left out.
252:  In the shed?
Interviewer:  Well, not in a shed, they, they'd take a pole and they, {NS} Um. Pile the hay up around this pole. And they call that a?
252:  Yeah you barely drew a thought through a farm, now you're getting out of my line.
Interviewer:  Um, do you ever hear of a haystack or hayrick?
252:  Oh yeah. I ain't ever been on no hay ride either.
Interviewer:  {NW}
252:  I've been telling you I'm strictly fisherman, I'm not no farmer.
Interviewer:  I'm gonna ask you somethings about the farm just as you if you've never heard of them you know, just tell me that but you know, some of these you might be familiar with. Did you ever hear of a a hay doodle or hay shock or haymow?
252:  No.
Interviewer:  Anything like that? Or second cutting or ladder mat?
252:  No.
Interviewer:  What about a place for storing corn? That'd be a?
252:  Well you store it.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  Store it in the barn.
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear of a crib or?
252:  Crib? Yes. #1 mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  #2 crib #
252:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  What does the crib look like?
252:  Damn if I don't know I
Interviewer:  #1 never been a little a low-born. #
252:  #2 You #
Interviewer:  You just heard the
252:  #1 Just heard the word. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh # Have you ever heard of a granary? or granary?
252:  No
Interviewer:  And
252:  And I wouldn't know what it was if I did.
Interviewer:  But I don't think they have those in this part of the country like um where would you Did people around here have cows? Any of them?
252:  {NW} Out there in the woods yes but not down here on the island there's not a cow here.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh But someone did have cows um Do you know what sort of shelter they they'd have for them what they? Where they'd keep the cows?
252:  No
Interviewer:  You'd What about horses? Did anyone have horses here?
252:  {NW} Just for the pleasure of having a pony something like that.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. What buildings would they have for the horse?
252:  Well I had mine down there in what I call the barn.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  Just a shed. {NS}
Interviewer:  And you'd turn them out to graze? in the
252:  Yeah I usually went down there and fed that damn mule. {NS} too damn lazy to get out and eat. And there ain't nothing out here the graze on sand {NS}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Well uh when people who who have farms um Did they have a lot of cows they'd let the cows graze in the?
252:  Field.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What did you call that? the the p-
252:  Pasture.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh Did you ever hear of um having a fenced in place out in the pasture where you could leave the cows overnight milking 'em?
252:  {NW} I don't know. I never milk no cow.
Interviewer:  Did you ever hear of a cow pen or a milk calf?
252:  Mm yeah.
Interviewer:  What did you
252:  #1 A cow pen? #
Interviewer:  #2 What did you # Uh-huh
252:  yeah about the milk guy but I don't know nothing bout that.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. Did you ever see a cow pen? Do you know what it looks like?
252:  No.
Interviewer:  And {NS} the fenced in place around the barn where the animals can walk around you call that the?
252:  I don't know what you call well I'm telling you I'm not no farmer.
Interviewer:  Well that's okay. I'm I'm just interested in um which expressions you've heard of. You know? um Do you ever Your people talk about a stable a lot? or a cow lot
252:  #1 or a barnyard #
Interviewer:  #2 Well we talk #
252:  about the stable.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What do you think of a what do you associate a stable with?
252:  The shed something you lock 'em up in.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. Horses or cows?
252:  Horses and cows.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh What about hogs? Where would you keep hogs? If a person did have a a place for hogs.
252:  Keep 'em in a pen.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  Most of 'em for years run wild around here.
Interviewer:  Oh they did?
252:  Oh yeah.
Interviewer:  Where they dangerous?
252:  No. They just just fed all over a hundred and thirty two thousand acres of that land {X}.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  Eight or ten people had hog claims. and they'd just run wild.
Interviewer:  Had hog claims?
252:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  What do you mean?
252:  Well they Every man that owned hogs cuts his mark in his ear.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  Each one of 'em his on record.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
252:  And When they were little pigs A month old they would cut their hog mark in their ear and turn 'em loose and they just fed wild.
Interviewer:  Hmm
252:  But when they got ready to catch 'em they would take a couple dogs out there and bay 'em and you could catch 'em.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm {NS}
252:  That went on for years and years.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  Until another a company Georgia Pacific bought {X}. and give 'em six months to get their hogs out. And what they didn't get out They're wild game now. You kill them just like deer.
Interviewer:  Do people hunt them now?
252:  Oh yes definitely.
Interviewer:  They're good to eat huh?
252:  You ain't cu- they're just as good as any hog you'll ever eat.
Interviewer:  Hmm.
252:  Yeah they're wild game.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  Same as deer now.
Interviewer:  Oh You said you had chickens. Where would you keep them?
252:  Keep 'em in a pen in a fence.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  Sit there with gun to keep somebody from stealing. {NW}
Interviewer:  Did you ever have any little shelters for the chickens?
252:  Uh-huh. {NS} That's what we call chicken pens.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. What about uh a place for the mother hen and the little chicks? {NS}
252:  And then what we call a chicken coop.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. How's that built?
252:  That's just a little shed forms {X}
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
Auxiliary:  Excuse me a minute. You got a You got a five?
252:  A five?
Auxiliary:  Uh-huh.
252:  Yeah. You don't Did you say a five?
Auxiliary:  Yeah.
252:  No I have a ten.
Auxiliary:  No that won't do any good.
252:  Well I don't have a five. I might have
Interviewer:  #1 Got two fives? #
Auxiliary:  #2 No #
Interviewer:  #1 No #
Auxiliary:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #1 One ten. #
Auxiliary:  #2 {NS} #
252:  I've got five ones.
Interviewer:  No.
Auxiliary:  Well give her five Uh Give me five ones. and I'll give her the I know that's not right {NW} Give her five ones and that'll make ten. No
252:  {X}
Auxiliary:  #1 Give #
Interviewer:  #2 Give #
Auxiliary:  #1 Nope #
Interviewer:  #2 Give him five ones. #
Auxiliary:  #1 Here that was my five. #
Interviewer:  #2 That's your five. # #1 Okay you can #
Auxiliary:  #2 But you still ain't gonna like it alright. #
Interviewer:  That won't work out right.
252:  {NW}
Auxiliary:  Hmm Okay I'm still trying to get five dollars. {NS}
Interviewer:  If you wanted to make a hen start laying what could you put in her nest to fool her?
252:  Just some straw in there is all I ever put in there.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. Do you ever hear of the nest egg?
252:  Yeah. Yeah I've had several nest eggs.
Interviewer:  Uh huh. What would that be made out of?
252:  Damn if I know It's made out of some kinda plastic stuff
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. You said you had a real good set of dishes. Your dishes would be made out of?
252:  Clay. {NW}
Interviewer:  Something that that breaks real easy. You'd be
252:  Sure.
Interviewer:  What what are your best dishes?
252:  {X}
Interviewer:  It'd be Ch-
252:  China.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. If you had an egg made out of that That'd be a?
252:  Counter egg
Interviewer:  Uh-huh and A hen on a nest of eggs is called a
252:  A Setting
Interviewer:  Hmm?
252:  Just called setting on them Setting on them eggs.
Interviewer:  You call her a Setting hen then?
252:  Yeah
Interviewer:  What about the You know when you're when you're eating chicken There's a bone that goes like this.
252:  It's called a wishbone.
Interviewer:  Any stories about that?
252:  Yeah You supposed to break it and the one who gets the shortest end supposed to make a wish. That's a whole bunch of bull.
Interviewer:  Did um
252:  No it doesn't work. {NW} It's just some kinda bull somebody thought of two hundred years ago.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um A place where they had a lot milk cows and they sell the milk and butter A place like that would be called a?
252:  A dairy.
Interviewer:  Did you ever hear that word dairy used to mean anything else besides the big farm like that?
252:  No
Interviewer:  Do you remember before they had refrigerators um where y'all used to keep milk and butter? To keep it from going bad.
252:  In the ice-box.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. Do y'all have an ice-box ever since you could remember?
252:  Well mostly we had something for cooling systems.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
252:  Yes.
Interviewer:  #1 Yes #
Interviewer:  #2 Did you ever? #
252:  Did you wanna say something?
Interviewer:  No.
252:  These uh coming around here might say feeding time. These around here they'll they already wanting to fly.
Interviewer:  What kind of birds are they?
252:  There's the black birds martins sparrows
Interviewer:  Hmm that's interesting How long
252:  They'll be right back.
Interviewer:  How long have you had
252:  That?
Interviewer:  a bird feeder?
252:  Oh about six months. Costs me more money to feed them than it does her to feed me.
Interviewer:  {NW} Did Do you ever hear about a way of storing potatoes or turnips here in the Winter?
252:  No like I'm telling yeah I never did indulge in no farming.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  So therefore I don't know much about it. #1 The only way I #
Interviewer:  #2 You always had a garden? #
252:  stored them was to eat them.
Interviewer:  {NW} Say if you planted sweet potatoes if you planted just a small area with just sweet potatoes you'd call that a sweet potato?
252:  Bed.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And I know that um I know y'all never did any cotton raising or anything
252:  #1 No. #
Interviewer:  #2 around here. # But did you ever hear um when people would spin the cotton out with the hoe? Did you ever hear of what um what they said they were doing? When they'd
252:  #1 they'd go out there with the #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-uh. # Did you ever hear the expression chopping or scraping cotton?
252:  Um nope.
Interviewer:  If you were gonna plant a garden here what sort of grass would you have to watch out for?
252:  sand spur Weeds.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. Any special kinds of weeds?
252:  Yeah every kind you can think of or ever heard of
Interviewer:  What are #1 I'm sorry #
252:  #2 Grass #
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  and weeds.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. sand spurs would be the biggest problem.
252:  Yes. Out here especially.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. Does anybody kill them?
252:  If you dig them up by the roots.
Interviewer:  That Do you have any poison or anything for them?
252:  Yeah you can get a spray that kills it.
Interviewer:  What different kinds of fences did people used to have around the property?
252:  They had wire fences wood fences And log fences.
Interviewer:  What's a log fence?
252:  Well you just make a fence out of rails
Interviewer:  The one to go in and out? #1 Like that? #
252:  #2 mm-hmm. # Yep.
Interviewer:  What different kinds of um um wood fences did they have?
252:  Well they would just slats
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  Boards Sharpen the top point of 'em.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. You call that a?
252:  That's a wood fence is all I know what it is.
Interviewer:  What about picket or pail?
252:  Picket fences that's what they call it. Picket fence.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about the kind of wire they use now the twisted wire that'll catch your clothes on it?
252:  Barbed-wire
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. How would you go about setting up a barbed-wire fence?
252:  By running it around your house or your yard in about three layers.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  About a foot apart. Two feet apart.
Interviewer:  What um first of all you have to dig holes for the?
252:  Posts.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Then you'd take the wire and you'd?
252:  Take and stretch it around your yard.
Interviewer:  For one
252:  From one post to another.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Do you ever see a a fence or wall made out of loose stone or rock?
252:  Yeah
Interviewer:  What was that called?
252:  A rock fence.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. Did they used to have those in this section or?
252:  Not down here but down there in the woods where I've hunted I happened to see one of them.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  They're made completely out of rocks and stones. By hand.
Interviewer:  Well they just Did people try to trap them and smooth them or
252:  Uh on some they did and others they just fit them in.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Um What did people used to use to carry water in?
252:  Buckets pails washtubs jugs #1 Jars #
Interviewer:  #2 Is there a #
252:  Pots Pans
Interviewer:  Is there a difference to you between a a bucket and a pail?
252:  Yeah one is usually wooden and the other one's galvanized.
Interviewer:  Which is the wooden?
252:  The pail.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. And the bucket is?
252:  Is galvanized.
Interviewer:  What about the thing you can use for carrying food out to the hogs in?
252:  {NW}
Interviewer:  You call that a?
252:  Hog trough?
Interviewer:  Or the thing you you the bucket or pail you would carry it out in?
252:  Well you could use anything you got
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Well did you ever hear of a slop bucket or swill pail?
252:  Swill pail yeah.
Interviewer:  That's what you used to call it?
252:  mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  And the thing that um people could use for frying eggs in would be a?
252:  {NS} A frying pan.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. Do you ever see a frying pan that had little legs on it? You could
252:  Yeah
Interviewer:  Do you remember what that was called?
252:  Yeah Frying pan.
Interviewer:  It didn't matter if it had legs on it or not?
252:  It make no difference to me.
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear the expression the spider?
252:  The spider? Yeah mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  For for a frying pan?
252:  mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  What does the spider look like?
252:  It was a smaller thing.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  Than the regular old big frying pan.
Interviewer:  Was it flat or did it have legs?
252:  It had legs on it. {NS} How much longer you gonna interrogate me?
Interviewer:  Well
252:  I'm getting hungry now.
Interviewer:  You wanna wait until this tape runs out? It should be about ten to fifteen minutes.
252:  yeah I guess I can stand it #1 that much longer. #
Interviewer:  #2 Or I could # Stop it now I think.
252:  No I can stand it fifteen more minutes
Interviewer:  Um if you cut some flowers and wanted to keep them in the house you'd put 'em in a?
252:  {NS} In a vase.
Interviewer:  And
252:  When I came up you didn't have no vase You had a jar you put 'em in.
Interviewer:  {NS} How A long time ago on Monday women would get all the dirty clothes together and go do the?
252:  Washing.
Interviewer:  And on Tuesday?
252:  They do the drying.
Interviewer:  And then they'd?
252:  Ironing.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Nowadays um you can just send your clothes to a?
252:  Laundry.
Interviewer:  Did people used to use the word laundry much or just say I have
252:  When I was coming up honey they didn't have no such thing, you done your own laundry. #1 With a scrub board #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh # Uh-huh Which did people use the word though? Did they say I'm gonna do the laundry or did they say?
252:  No I'm gonna do the washing.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  They ain't never heard of no laundry.
Interviewer:  What would you know the big black thing you had out in the yard for heating the water?
252:  It was a wash pot.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh Any other name for that?
252:  yeah the scalding pot.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm What about something that uh little thing you has a spout to it you could heat up water to make hot tea in? You call that a tea?
252:  Teapot?
Interviewer:  Or something that you put on the stove that you heat up.
252:  Oh the coffee pot.
Interviewer:  Or tea? yeah so looks like a black thing and it had a long spout to it and you heat the water in it you put it directly on the stove.
252:  We didn't have none of that.
Interviewer:  Did you ever hear of a kettle? #1 Or a kettle? #
252:  #2 Oh a kettle # yeah
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
252:  yeah
Interviewer:  Did you ever people call the wash pot a kettle?
252:  Oh yeah
Interviewer:  And if you were setting the table or next to each plate for people to eat with you give everyone a?
252:  Give 'em something to eat.
Interviewer:  Well for them to to eat with though.
252:  A spoon and forks and knives.
Interviewer:  And So for someone to cut their food with you'd give 'em a?
252:  You give 'em a knife
Interviewer:  And if the dishes were dirty you'd say I have to go?
252:  If they were dirty I would get up and leave too.
Interviewer:  Well it's after supper. You have to?
252:  Clean the dishes.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay So you you say you have to go what the dishes?
252:  Wash the dishes.
Interviewer:  And after she washes the dishes then she? What them and clear water?
252:  She rinses them.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And the cloth or rag you use when when you're washing them? You call that the?
252:  Wash rag.
Interviewer:  And when you're drying them?
252:  The dry rag.
Interviewer:  What about um to bathe your face with? You have a? The cloth or rag you use?
252:  The wash cloth.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  We call it a wash rag.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh And to dry yourself off with?
252:  A towel.
Interviewer:  And say if you were gonna pour something from a big enough container into something with a narrow mouth to keep it from spilling out you'd pour it through a?
252:  Strainer.
Interviewer:  Or something that's shaped like this. You call that a? Do you ever hear of a tunnel or a funnel
252:  mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  And something that um people make with sugar cane?
252:  They call that syrup.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. Any other name for that?
252:  Sorghum.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. What's the difference?
252:  It's all syrup.
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear it called mol-?
252:  Molasses?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Is that the same thing?
252:  I don't know. I've never eaten any.
Interviewer:  Did you ever say you wanna work with sugar cane?
252:  Oh yeah They grind sugar cane.
Interviewer:  To make the syrup?
252:  Syrup. Sugar.
Interviewer:  You know when they uh grinding sugar cane. After they've ground the juice out the the trash of the sugar cane the fibery sort of stuff Do you ever hear a name for that?
252:  #1 yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 Do you know the name? #
252:  What is it?
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear the term bagasse? #1 Or bagasse? #
252:  #2 No # {NS} No
Interviewer:  And um If you were going to buy molasses or syrup from the store what would it come in?
252:  It'd come in bottles
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  Jugs
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear of a stand of molasses?
252:  Nah.
Interviewer:  Or a stand of lard?
252:  Nah
Interviewer:  And something that flour used to come in?
252:  Came in sacks.
Interviewer:  Made out of?
252:  Cloth.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about something that if you bought about a hundred pounds of flour come in a big wooden?
252:  Barrels?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh And the thing that runs around the barrel to hold the wood in place?
252:  Hoops.
Interviewer:  And something smaller than a barrel that nails used to come in?
252:  Keg.
Interviewer:  And You know what a a beer keg or water keg
252:  yeah I'm most familiar with that now we getting down to my
Interviewer:  {NW} The The thing you turn to get the
252:  Spigot.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about in your yard? What you can hook your hose up to?
252:  Spigot.
Interviewer:  And at the sink?
252:  Spigot.
Interviewer:  The spigot off the mm-kay. Ask If you were driving horses and wanted them to go faster you would hit them with the?
252:  Anything you get your hands on {NW}
Interviewer:  Something that they have leather?
252:  Whip
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And nowadays if you bought some things at the store the grocer would put 'em in a?
252:  A bag.
Interviewer:  Made out of?
252:  Paper.
Interviewer:  Is a a bag and a sack the same th-?
252:  Same thing yeah.
Interviewer:  What about the the thing that that
Auxiliary:  Oh lord.
Interviewer:  The rough brown material that um a bag or sack that that they used to come in? {NS}
252:  We call that a croker sack. {NW} You better cut it off.
Interviewer:  {X}
252:  Seventy-two spaces.
Interviewer:  Really? That's large.
252:  yeah. I think we got more reservations for this Easter and this art festival than what we can afford to. #1 All we've #
Interviewer:  #2 Art #
252:  Art festival is Easter Sunday and the next Saturday and Sunday is the art festival. twentieth and twenty-first.
Interviewer:  It's gonna be here on Cedar Teeth?
252:  Oh yeah. That's the biggest thing we have here.
Interviewer:  Is It's an annual event?
252:  Every year. yeah and my god they come from Last year There was so many people in this town. That it would take you thirty minutes to walk the length of the block if you could walk.
Interviewer:  Gosh.
252:  They figured there was thirty five thousand people here and the population of this is seven-hundred. This town So can you imagine people parked down here at this bridge and had to walk to town.
Interviewer:  Hmm. And who participates in the art festival? Do people?
252:  Local people.
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
252:  #2 Oh # No you mean uh brings the paintings?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  Honey all over the damn country. State and out of the state.
Interviewer:  Gosh.
252:  It's the damnedest sight you've ever seen.
Auxiliary:  Hmm. They went on around I guess they'll be back.
252:  yeah they'll stop over there at the offices. Did have you turn the lights
Auxiliary:  #1 yeah #
252:  #2 on? #
Interviewer:  Oh Did you mention the croker sack? Any other name for that? Did you ever hear of coke sack or gunny sack?
252:  Gunny sack yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  But the other one no.
Interviewer:  What about a if you were gonna carry some corn to the mill to be ground what would you call the amount you could take at one time?
252:  I am telling you honey. I ain't never carried no corn to no mill. And I don't know nothing about
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  farming.
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear the expression of turn
252:  #1 No. #
Interviewer:  #2 corn? # Or What if someone was carrying some wood had all the wood they could carry?
252:  Then they'd have an armful.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay.
252:  They had all they could carry.
Interviewer:  And on a wagon that didn't have a full load you said he just had a? What of wood?
252:  Half load.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And if the lamp wasn't burning You have to screw in a new? nowadays you'd screw in a new?
252:  Burner.
Interviewer:  Or a new if it's an electric?
252:  Bulb.
Interviewer:  Okay. And to carry the wash out to hang on the lines you would carry it out in a clothes?
252:  Basket.
Interviewer:  And if you open a bottle and wanted to shut it back up you would stick in a?
Auxiliary:  {D: Bird or Burt}
252:  If you've done what?
Interviewer:  #1 If you open a bottle #
Auxiliary:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 and wanted to close it back up #
Auxiliary:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 You could stick in a? #
Auxiliary:  #2 I've been waiting on you. #
252:  A stopper.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. What would the stopper be made out?
252:  Cork.
Interviewer:  And Say there was a log across the road. You'd say I tied a chain to it and I?
252:  Drug it.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And you say we have what?
252:  Moved it.
Interviewer:  Many logs out of this road. We have?
252:  Cleared it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Well using the word drag you say we have?
252:  Drug it.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And If man had a load of wood on his wagon who's driving along You'd say he's {NS} doing what? {NS}
252:  Do you have a load of wood on his wagon?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. You say he's drawing wood or hauling wood?
252:  He's hauling wood.
Interviewer:  And this is a musical instrument that you play like this.
252:  It's a mouth ore
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. What about one that goes like this.
252:  That's um Jew's harp
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. Do you ever play one of those?
252:  Nah.
Interviewer:  You never played
252:  #1 no I never #
Interviewer:  #2 anything else? #
252:  had too much musical instinct. no.
Interviewer:  Oh.
252:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Did you Did you ever say you have horses when you were little?
252:  No. We had We had a horse out here that we bought for her granddaughter.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  For about three years.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  And we give her away to get rid of her. {NS}
Interviewer:  You really got
252:  She was a nuisance.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. You ever see a horse and a wagon? Pulling a wagon?
252:  Oh yeah.
Interviewer:  You know if you have a wagon and two horses there's a long wooden piece that comes between
252:  #1 yeah but #
Interviewer:  #2 the horses. #
252:  I don't know what it is.
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear of a tongue or a pole or?
252:  Tongue yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about with a buggy? Those wooden pieces on each side?
252:  yeah I don't
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear shafts
252:  #1 Shafts #
Interviewer:  #2 or bills? #
252:  yes.
Interviewer:  And you know on a wagon wheel um starting with the inside you have the hub and the spokes come out and they fit into the?
252:  To the wheel.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What part of the wheel touches the ground?
252:  All of it.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. Do you ever hear of a felly or rim of a?
252:  No.
Interviewer:  And if you have a a horse hitched to a wagon barbed wood that the trace is fastened onto?
252:  Tacked and No {X} You talking Greek to me now.
Interviewer:  {NW} Do you ever hear people talk about a swingletree or singletree?
252:  Single tree yeah.
Interviewer:  What about double singletree or
252:  #1 I don't know #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
252:  nothing about that
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. When you have uh {X} on a car even the things that holds one wheel to the other is the?
252:  It's an axle.
Interviewer:  And if you wanted break up the ground um for planting you'd break it up with a?
252:  Plow.
Interviewer:  Are there different kinds of plows? or?
252:  yeah they There's the horsing plow.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  Now they have machinery that do us it.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  Tractors.
Interviewer:  Do you ever see something that has a lot of teeth in it? That breaks up the ground finer than a plow does?
252:  yeah. And I don't know what it's called either.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Do you ever hear of harrow or harrow?
252:  Harrow yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  mm-hmm they're harrowing the ground.
Interviewer:  What about if someone was gonna chop a log. Do you ever see people make an x-shaped frame like this to set the log in?
252:  mm-hmm. It's called a seahorse.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. What about the the A-shaped frame that carpenters use? that they It's like this and it has a piece on the top and they use two of these and set a board on them if they're gonna saw a board?
252:  That's called a a horse too I think. #1 I'm not sure. #
Interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
252:  {D: stalk} a seahorse.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And I would straighten my hair using a comb and a?
252:  Brush.
Interviewer:  And if I was gonna use that I would say I'd say I was gonna?
252:  Brush my hair.
Interviewer:  And And Something that you'd put in a pistol would be a?
252:  Bullet.
Interviewer:  Or another name for that?
252:  Cartridge.
Interviewer:  And you'd sharpen a straight razor on a leather?
252:  With a hone.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about the leather?
252:  Razor strap.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Do you remember when they had razors like?
252:  Oh yeah. My daddy used to sharpen his razor all the time on the strap. The straight razor.
Interviewer:  Those were pretty dangerous aren't they?
252:  Well if you know what you're doing and barbers still you use them you know?
Interviewer:  They do?
252:  Oh yes. All your barbers use straight razors.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. They shave closer?
252:  Mm-hmm Well they can shave better and faster with them.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. What about something you'd sharpen a small knife on?
252:  That is called a hone.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  Or a {D: whip draw.}
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. What about um larger tools like an ax? How would you sharpen them?
252:  On a grind stone.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  Or with a file. Most of them use a grind stone.
Interviewer:  That's a larger
252:  #1 mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
252:  That's something you ride like a bicycle. And turn that grind stone while you pedaling it.
Interviewer:  You've done that before.
252:  I've seen it done. I've never done it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. For something that children play on that you take a board and fix it like this and it goes up and down.
252:  Seahorse.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. If you saw some children playing on that you'd say they were?
252:  Riding.
Interviewer:  Okay. What about taking a board and fixing it down at both ends and children would jump up and down on the middle of it. Do you ever hear of doing that?
252:  yeah. {NW} What's it called?
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear of a bouncing board? or a joggling board?
252:  Bouncing board yeah.
Interviewer:  How would you build one of those?
252:  {NW} What you do is you just most When we were kids lay it across the log
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  And you jump on one end and throw you up in the air and when you come back down it'd on the board it'd throw him up in the air.
Interviewer:  Sounds kind of dangerous?
252:  {NW} yeah but when you were kids you don't see no danger.
Interviewer:  {NW} Do you ever uh say you want to take a board and fix it in the middle and spin around and around?
252:  Nope.
Interviewer:  Sort of like a merry-go-round that you make at home. Did you ever?
252:  {NW}
Interviewer:  What about tying a long rope to a tree limb and putting a seat on it. You'd make a?
252:  Call it a swing.
Interviewer:  And something you'd use for carrying coal in?
252:  Honey we don't know what coal is down here outside of just hearing about it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh You say you had a a wood stove um. The thing that runs from the stove up to the chimney is the?
252:  Smoke stack.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um And if you wanted to move bricks or something heavy like that you'd move 'em with a?
252:  Wheelbarrow.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. Do you ever hear of another name for wheelbarrows?
252:  No I don't think.
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear of
Georgia buggy?
252:  {NW}
Interviewer:  And the thing that people drive nowadays they call that a?
252:  A car.
Interviewer:  Any other names for a car?
252:  Jeeps
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  Wagons
Interviewer:  And
252:  Airplanes
Interviewer:  What about another name for car though?
252:  A buggy.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. Um If something was squeaking to lubricate it you'd say you had to?
252:  Oil it.
Interviewer:  Or you put the {X}
252:  You grease it.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. You say yesterday he? He did that to his car you say yesterday he?
252:  He greased it.
Interviewer:  And if grease got all over your hands you'd say your hands were all?
252:  Greasy
Interviewer:  And if your door hinge was squeaking you'd just?
252:  Put a little oil on that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What did people use to burn in lamps?
252:  Kerosene Coal oil
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. Do you ever hear people um people making a lamp themselves using a rag and a bottle and some kerosene?
252:  yeah
Interviewer:  How'd they make it?
252:  By putting the kerosene in the bottle and putting the rag in the neck of it
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  and sticking fire to it.
Interviewer:  What would they call it?
252:  {NW} They call 'em lamps.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear of a flambeau
252:  Yes ma'am I sure have. And they call that that.
Interviewer:  They called it?
252:  Flambeau.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  The kind of flambeau I use is a different flambeau
Interviewer:  What kind do you use?
252:  When I'm fishing at night
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  I rag wrap one of these croker bags around an iron rod
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  Approximately a foot long
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  This croker bag and pour gas on it and set it a fire.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  And it scares them fish out of their wits at night.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. You hold on to the end of the rod and?
252:  No I stick it down in the little place I got in my boat.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  And it's it's about six feet long {D: it's up that high above on a scale.}
Interviewer:  The rod's about?
252:  mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Hmm.
252:  And that fire's just a burning. I light up the whole area. And it scares them fish into screaming fits.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm.
252:  Now that's what we call a flambeau Similar to the little bottle.
Interviewer:  That's pretty common around here.
252:  Used to be. They'd about outlawed it now because of the gas ration. You use gasoline on that.
Interviewer:  What do people use now #1 to get them light? #
252:  #2 Hit light. # It's not fit to run off a battery.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  That you got on your head and you just flash it out there with the water and scare those fish.
Interviewer:  You said people make noise too When they just to scare the fish?
252:  Well they beat on their boats stomp on the seats in the boat This loud it will even scare you. #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # Well I guess it would if you didn't know what was going on.
252:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Um Inside the tire of a car you have the inner?
252:  Inner tube
Interviewer:  And someone had just built a boat and they were gonna put it in the water for the first time you'd say they were gonna?
252:  Oh you're gonna launch it.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm. What different kinds of boats are there around here?
252:  There are bird dogs skip boats launches sailboats
Interviewer:  What do the launches look like?
252:  They're a small boats around twenty twenty-four feet long with a little cabin on them.
Interviewer:  Are they pointed or flat?
252:  Oh they're pointed definitely.
Interviewer:  At both ends?
Interviewer:  {NS} Is it {X}
252:  Usually about twelve fourteen feet long
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  That's why we call 'em bateaus.
Interviewer:  It's Is it pointed or #1 flat? #
252:  #2 It's pointed. #
Interviewer:  Pointed at one end or both end?
252:  No One end flat and square in the middle
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And um Say if a if a child was just learning to dress themself the mother would bring in the clothes and tell 'em Here Put your clothes here.
252:  Hmm.
Interviewer:  How'd she say that?
252:  Put 'em on.
Interviewer:  Well she hands it to him. She says here
252:  Dress Dress yourself.
Interviewer:  Would you say here is your clothes or here are your clothes
252:  Here are your clothes?
Interviewer:  Okay. And Say if you were taking a child to the dentist and he was scared the dentist might say you don't need to be scared I
252:  #1 I'm not gonna hurt you. #
Interviewer:  #2 what? # Mm-kay. Do you ever use the word ain't?
252:  I use it all the time.
Interviewer:  How do you use it?
252:  I ain't gonna do that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  I'm not I ain't bout to.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And Say if I ask you was that you I saw in town yesterday you might say no it?
252:  Hell no that was somebody else
Interviewer:  But it what
252:  But it what?
Interviewer:  But You say it wasn't I or it wasn't me?
252:  It's not it ain't me. You know hell no.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay.
252:  Especially if you caught me some other woman Hell no that ain't me.
Interviewer:  And Say if a woman wanted to buy a dress for a certain color She'd take along a little square of cloth to use as a?
252:  Example.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And Something that a woman would wear over her dress in the kitchen?
252:  It's an apron.
Interviewer:  And you sign your name in ink you'd use a?
252:  {NS} Pen.
Interviewer:  And to hold the baby's diaper in place?
252:  A pin.
Interviewer:  Do you pronounce those words the
252:  #1 Safety #
Interviewer:  #2 same? #
252:  pin.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And soup that you buy comes in a can made out of?
252:  Tin.
Interviewer:  And a dime is worth?
252:  Ten cent.
Interviewer:  And what would a man wear to church on Sunday?
252:  He might go as a stripper.
Interviewer:  {NW}
252:  {NW} A streaker. {NW} They streaking all over the place. He's liable to streak through the church.
Interviewer:  Have you had streakers down here?
252:  Not yet but we expecting some any time.
Interviewer:  I guess in the summer you'll
252:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 you get some. # Well if he was dressed up though what would he be wearing?
252:  A suit.
Interviewer:  And if he just bought it It would be a brand?
252:  New suit
Interviewer:  Do you remember when they had the three piece suit?
252:  Oh yeah.
Interviewer:  What what were the pieces of that?
252:  Oh your your coat your pants and your vest.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Do you ever hear another name for vest?
252:  I'm not sure.
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear it called a weskit?
252:  No.
Interviewer:  What about another name for pants?
252:  Your britches
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. Did Do you use that word? now?
252:  No Now I don't tell Francis to buy me some britches No I told her to get me #1 them pants. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. # What about something that um you see climbers wear. #1 Because #
252:  #2 Overalls. #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh and If you went outside without your coat you were getting cold and you wanted it you'd say run inside and what me my coat?
252:  Get me my coat.
Interviewer:  And what it to me?
252:  And bring it to me.
Interviewer:  Okay. So you'd say so you went inside the house and he
252:  Got his coat
Interviewer:  And? what it out to me.
252:  Brought it out to me.
Interviewer:  And say here I have
252:  Brought you your underwear. {NW}
Interviewer:  Okay And if you stuff a lot of things in your pockets it makes them?
252:  Makes 'em bulge.
Interviewer:  And you say that shirt used to fit me until I washed it and it?
252:  Shrunk.
Interviewer:  And every shirt I've washed recently has?
252:  Shrunk.
Interviewer:  And I hope this shirt won't?
252:  Shrink no more.
Interviewer:  And if a woman likes to put on good clothes you'd say she likes to
252:  Dress up
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. Could you say that about a man?
252:  Mm Well uh You use it a little different. He chics out.
Interviewer:  He chics out?
252:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  But What about if a woman likes to stand in front of the mirror you know and
252:  Yeah and chic.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. You say that about a woman?
252:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Do you ever say primp
252:  #1 Primping #
Interviewer:  #2 or doll-up? # Uh-huh.
252:  Primp mostly It's the right expression.
Interviewer:  Would you say that about a man?
252:  No he chics.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  #1 Didn't you know #
Interviewer:  #2 Do you ever #
252:  {D:I was a chic in the bar in sands}
Auxiliary:  {D: She hadn't came out of the bar.}
252:  No. {NW}
Interviewer:  What What do you think she {NW} How did you get that back?
252:  {NW} I don't know.
Interviewer:  {NW}
252:  Did you look at the card inside?
Interviewer:  Inside this?
252:  {NW} {NW}
Interviewer:  Do you shoot pool? {NS}
252:  I used to.
Interviewer:  Were you very good?
252:  At one time I was average. I could hold my own.
Interviewer:  You don't ever shoot anymore?
252:  Hardly ever. There's a lot of things I don't do anymore.
Interviewer:  Oh Talking about a a man who um you know dresses very well and all Do you ever hear it called the jellybean?
252:  No I called it heard 'em call it {D: Geegly or geegio}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh What did that mean? Someone who's?
252:  {NS} Chic.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And something that people used to carry money in?
252:  Pouches.
Interviewer:  What's something that a woman would have nowadays?
252:  Satchel.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
Auxiliary:  {X}
252:  {NW}
Interviewer:  What about little things for coins? For your coins?
252:  Pouch.
Interviewer:  Or something like this?
252:  Mm-hmm. Pocket book.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And something that a woman wears around her wrist?
252:  They wear a watch around their wrists and they usually put a ring in the other one's nose.
Interviewer:  {NW}
252:  You gonna have {X}. {NW}
Interviewer:  What what about just a piece of jewelry a woman could wear around her wrist?
252:  Bracelet.
Interviewer:  And something around her neck?
252:  Beads.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. Would you call that a string of beads?
252:  string of beads. a string of beads.
Interviewer:  And something men used to wear to hold up their pants?
252:  Suspenders.
Interviewer:  And some-
252:  When you get a belly like on I got you don't need new ones see. {NW}
Interviewer:  What about something you hold over you when it rains?
252:  Tent.
Interviewer:  Or?
252:  Umbrella.
Interviewer:  And the last thing that you put on the bed the fancy cover
252:  That's a bedspread.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. What about something that women used to make?
252:  Quilts yeah.
Interviewer:  And at the head of the bed you put your head on a?
252:  Block of wood stone pillow?
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. Do you remember anything about twice as long as a pillow? A sort of pillow only twice as long?
252:  No.
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear of a bolster?
252:  No.
Interviewer:  And if you had a lot of company and didn't have a lot of beds for everyone for the children to
252:  They slept on the floor.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay What would you make for 'em? from the?
252:  Pallets.
Interviewer:  And Say if um you raise a lot of corn you say we raised a big?
252:  Batch of corn.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. Or another word you could use?
252:  Peel the corn.
Interviewer:  Or a good?
252:  Crop of corn.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And What different kinds of lands do they have around here?
252:  Marsh mud sand.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  That's what we got out here. Sand.
Interviewer:  What's a marsh? Is that salt water?
252:  That's the salt water that's on the edge of your waterfront. Muddy.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Nothing grows there right?
252:  Your marsh.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Marsh grass That's all about all that grows out there.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What about the kind of um soil that they have you know on the farming areas. You know?
252:  I only know what I know. I'm not no farmer.
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear of anything called loam? or loam?
252:  No.
Interviewer:  What about the You said we'd We expect to get a big crop from that field because the soil is very?
252:  Poor.
Interviewer:  Or the opposite or poor? You'd say the soil is very?
252:  Very Good.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And The plant low land along a stream that's flooded over that's good for planting you'd call that?
252:  I don't know. What do you call it?
Interviewer:  Did you ever hear of bottom land or?
252:  #1 Bottom land yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 low land or #
252:  low land, bottom land.
Interviewer:  What's that like? Do you have any around here?
252:  It's damp. It's low land. Come in look at the little parakeet. Damn all them silly questions you asked me. Come out here and look at my birds. This little para- come around little further see him sitting right by the water pan?
Interviewer:  Huh. How did he get out there?
252:  I don't know. He just come in yesterday. You see 'em?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
252:  Isn't that thing pretty?
Interviewer:  Yeah that's nice. What kind of bird is that with the red or a?
252:  Black that's what they call a red winged black bird.
Interviewer:  Um The place that a field is a grassy field that some maybe good for raising hay or something but not much good for #1 anything else. #
252:  #2 Good for cattle. #
Interviewer:  #1 #
252:  #2 #
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear that called a prairie?
252:  Oh yeah. Prairie.
Interviewer:  What's a prairie like?
252:  A prairie it's a place where there's nothing's grown it's a flat ground put a lot of cattle on it.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Grows grass.
Interviewer:  Is there are there prairies in in Florida?
252:  Oh yeah. There's {X}. Got some up here right off Gainesville.
Interviewer:  What about land that's got water standing in it that and trees growing in it and?
252:  It's called a pond.
Interviewer:  Well if it's if it's not if it's just sort of kind of like a marsh only fresh water has trees
252:  Hmm. You tell me.
Interviewer:  Well so where would you go hunting? What would be a a
252:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 overgrown # sort of wet area.
252:  Streams?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What else?
252:  Duck hunting I do in this type of place. Ducks slide in it feed in it.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Now what are you referring to?
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear of a a gal or bog or swamp or?
252:  Swamp yeah sure.
Interviewer:  What's a how would you describe a swamp?
252:  Well a swamp is different from a bog.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  A bog is a place you don't get through.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  A swamp is a place you hunt in although it can be high land and low land.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Wet and dry.
Interviewer:  The swamp can be dry?
252:  Oh yes.
Interviewer:  Is it very overgrown or?
252:  Mostly yes.
Interviewer:  Where are
252:  But in certain times of the year where it's high land it's under water but in awful wet seasons.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Down here where I spent all my life hunting. That's called a swamp.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  There are many places in there that's under water there's many places in there that's a way above water.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  But we call it a swamp.
Interviewer:  Say if
252:  That's where I killed that eight point buck.
Interviewer:  Oh
252:  #1 Right there forty-three years ago #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
252:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
252:  That down in {X}. What we call a swamp.
Interviewer:  {D: Gold hat}
252:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  That's about twenty miles from here or something?
252:  {NW} Well it starts right out here at the parts of the road about ten miles from here. And it covers a hundred and thirty two thousand acres going Southeast.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. If you have some swampy land or marshy land and you wanted to get the water off you say you were gon-
252:  Drain it.
Interviewer:  How would you do that?
252:  By digging drains ditches.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What about um something that bigger than a ditch what people dig? Big enough for say a small boat to go through.
252:  You dig a canal.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  You drain it through a canal. But most of 'em drain it through ditches.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. A canal is a whole lot bigger.
252:  Well sure.
Interviewer:  And you had a heavy rain in the water cut out a little
252:  Ditch.
Interviewer:  Okay. What if it's it's a real big area that the water cut out?
252:  Well that's called a a ditch still but they'd square it off in a canal.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  A drain. It's drainage. All of it amounts to one thing drainage.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Do you ever talk about a wash or a hollow or a gully?
252:  A wash yes.
Interviewer:  What's a wa-?
252:  It's a wash out.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  When the water gets so heavy that it runs so hard it washes out. I just had one right down here on my land and from rain.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  The water runs so hard it washed out my boat landing and it washed the gully out.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  You have a boat landing? Oh yes.
Interviewer:  Is it how what size boats can you?
252:  Usually small boats
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  down here on the creek.
Interviewer:  Um You answered the the creek what else do you have besides a creek? Around here? Is there any larger than a creek?
252:  Your rivers. One of the most beautifulest rivers in the world is right up here just twelve miles northwest of here.
Interviewer:  Which?
252:  Suwannee River. The mouth of Suwannee River it's only twelve miles from right here
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Is there anything smaller than a creek?
252:  {NW} Unless you'd call 'em ditches.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about bayous?
252:  Bayous there's a bayou right there. There's one right over there.
Interviewer:  What is
252:  A bayou is a large body of shallow water mostly what it amounts to.
Interviewer:  It's not moving very fast?
252:  No. Comes in very slow it moves very slow.
Interviewer:  What are the names of some of the creeks or bayous or canals or things around here?
252:  Well there's like Bonnidge creek Chuck creek Griffin creek Kelly creek
Interviewer:  Are these fresh water or
252:  #1 No #
Interviewer:  #2 salt water? #
252:  they are salt water creeks. But they run up all of the creeks runs up in the woods. And heavy rains when you have a lot of fresh water.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  All the rivers are high.
Interviewer:  Suwannee river?
252:  Yes. They have a lot of fresh water in it.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  But in just ordinary times they are salt water creeks.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Where do they flow into?
252:  The Gulf All of 'em.
Interviewer:  And If you had a stream that was flowing along and suddenly the it dropped off several feet in the water went on over. You'd call that a?
252:  Cliff.
Interviewer:  What?
252:  A cliff.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. But where the water goes over the a? where you have water dropping down several feet.
252:  A cliff.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. Do you ever hear of a waterfalls that pour over or falls?
252:  Yeah but we don't have 'em down here.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And
252:  We're not in the Grand Canyon. No.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Well some of these questions
252:  Yeah are very crazy silly and uncalled for. Wouldn't you say? {NW}
Interviewer:  Um You mentioned the the landing. Where would a a large ship come in? Would you still call it a landing?
252:  No you'd call it they came in a channel.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And where would it
252:  Dock.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  At It well and see the key they'd dock here. The big dock or they wouldn't dock unless they anchored.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  You can always anchor down you know out in the channel.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What What do you mean the channel?
252:  Channel is a the deepest part of the place they have to travel.
Interviewer:  Did someone was telling me about you know those I don't even know how to explain it the they cut out areas
252:  They've dredged out areas Which they bridge out the channels so larger ships can come in.
Interviewer:  Oh wait When they've dredged it out then you call it a channel
252:  Sure.
Interviewer:  Oh I see. That's what those um
252:  There are places in the channel that has filled up with sand.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  And you can only come up the channel so far and you go a ground.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  But they dredged them out and beat through the channel.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. The coast guard keeps up with
252:  The coast guard don't do a damn thing.
Interviewer:  Well whose supposed to check the channels and make sure that
252:  The coast guard. {NW}
Interviewer:  They're supposed to they just don't ever do it?
252:  No they are. They don't do the dredging.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  The state does the dredging. The coast guard marks the channel out after they have dredged it.
Interviewer:  And puts the?
252:  Stakes on it showing you which side to run on.
Interviewer:  That's what they colors they
252:  That's the color of all those stakes. Each one of them has a meaning. If you don't know that meaning don't try to operate a boat up and down the town.
Interviewer:  That's interesting. I didn't
252:  You didn't know that?
Interviewer:  No.
252:  Well why you think they put a red stake here and a black stake up
Interviewer:  Well I knew it had
252:  #1 Every one of them has #
Interviewer:  #2 I didn't #
252:  A meaning.
Interviewer:  What is a the
252:  The black stake means you stay on the port side of the town. The red stake means you stay on the starboard side of the town. Now if you take and go be it on the opposite side of the stake you run out there a ground.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  So you wouldn't make a very good seaman would you?
Interviewer:  No.
252:  {NW}
Interviewer:  I'm afraid I don't know too much about that. If um you have some land that uh well say a small rising land where the land goes up You call that a?
252:  Hill.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. Any other names for it besides hill?
252:  {NW} Above water {NW}
Interviewer:  And over the door you take hold of the door
252:  Knob.
Interviewer:  Do you ever use that word knob talking about land?
252:  No
Interviewer:  And something a whole lot bigger than a hill would be a?
252:  Mountain.
Interviewer:  And You know on television the gun fighters for every man that they kill they cut a little
252:  Notch in their handle Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay.
252:  Yeah I haven't killed but about eight or ten and I hadn't even registered on mine.
Interviewer:  What kinds of roads are there around here?
252:  Dirt roads sand roads paved roads and rock roads.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What do you call the white paved roads?
252:  Rock roads.
Interviewer:  But it's paved though white.
252:  I don't know you tell me.
Interviewer:  But do you have any roads like that around here?
252:  No.
Interviewer:  What about a little road that goes off the main road?
252:  It's a rock road.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay.
252:  Damn sand road.
Interviewer:  And a road that um leads up to a person's house?
252:  It's called a drive.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. What about a lane? Do you ever use the wor-
252:  Yeah we use the word lane but that's all always where we done our loving at and I'm getting some damn old I don't go down them lanes much more
Interviewer:  How big is a lane?
252:  Just to about big enough to get your car down it where you can hide out there {D: You know what I wanted.}
Interviewer:  Does it have trees on both sides?
252:  Oh it usually does where you can hide out there and do all the loving you want and then sneak back in town. Nobody sees you. You know what I mean.
Interviewer:  And something along the side of the street for people to walk on?
252:  The cement.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
252:  Sidewalks yeah. Yeah. And
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
252:  #2 Let me mix me my little drink don't you get crazy here. # Ask me how much more silly ass questions?
Interviewer:  Um Do you ever hear another name for sidewalk? Do you ever hear it called {X}?
252:  What?
Interviewer:  {D: Ball cap.}
252:  No. #1 We don't #
Interviewer:  #2 And #
252:  call it that down here in this area.
Interviewer:  There's sometimes there's a strip of grass between the sidewalk and the street Do you ever hear a name for that?
252:  uh-uh
Interviewer:  Say if um If you're walking along a road and an animal jumped out and scared you you'd say I picked up a? what?
252:  Picked up animal I guess. What what the hell you referring to?
Interviewer:  Something and
252:  A rock and throw it at 'em.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. Anything else you'd say besides throwed at him? Do you ever say I chucked it or pl-
252:  I've a chunked a many a things. chuck
Interviewer:  Okay. And if you went up to someone's house and knocked on the door and no one answered you'd say well I guess he's not?
252:  At home or he's in their under the bed hiding just like I've been doing with you for the last two days. Been hiding like hell.
Interviewer:  And if someone was walking in your direction you say he's coming straight?
252:  Towards me.
Interviewer:  And if you went into town and happened to see a friend of yours you hadn't counted on seeing you'd say this morning I just happened to run?
252:  Run into you.
Interviewer:  And if a child is given the same name that her mother has you'd say they named the child? What her mother? They named the child?
252:  After her mama.
Interviewer:  And something that people drink for breakfast?
252:  Whiskey. Everybody down here drinks whiskey for breakfast.
Interviewer:  Well what what else besides whiskey?
252:  No city water and once in a while they'll make a pot of coffee and drink it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  But they always get up drinking whiskey.
Interviewer:  Does everyone around?
252:  Most everybody makes their own whiskey. We got a little still back there on the back of the island.
Interviewer:  Do you make whiskey?
252:  Sure. Well you think Why you think I'm able to drink this twenty four hours a day?
Interviewer:  Um talking about the coffee thought about putting milk in your coffee you'd say some people like it?
252:  {NW} Mm-hmm. Milk.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Some people like it their coffee?
252:  With a little cream in it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  We even put that in our whiskey to start the day off and then it gets stronger.
Interviewer:  Cream in
252:  #1 Yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 whiskey? #
252:  You ain't never tried that?
Interviewer:  Uh-uh.
252:  We always put milk in it to weaken it. See I use say a mug now but I always waiting until after ten o clock. Before I even set 'em up I start myself off with milk and whiskey.
Interviewer:  Oh I see. Um what if you don't put anything in your coffee?
252:  I use it black just like I like my women. {NW}
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear the expression drinking coffee barefooted?
252:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  What does that mean?
252:  Black.
Interviewer:  Uh
252:  Nothing in there.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. How would people use that expression?
252:  Barefooted.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Do you ever hear it used about whiskey? Drinking whiskey bare-
252:  Yeah that's when you drink it straight. But the way we make it out here in our little still we got like down there we make it so strong that we have to cut it with something to be able to drink it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What do you call whiskey that you make yourself?
252:  Moonshine. {NW}
Interviewer:  Any other names for moonshine?
252:  Shine.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Do you ever hear it called splo?
252:  {NW} No we don't call it that.
Interviewer:  What about beers that you make?
252:  We don't make none down here.
Interviewer:  Never heard of anybody making
252:  Making beer? Yeah.
Interviewer:  What do they call it? Any?
252:  They called it beer.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And You tell a child now you can eat what's before you or you can do? You can eat what what's put down before you or you can just do?
252:  Get on go to bed is what we tell Tracy That's our little granddaughter that she's fixing them eggs for.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And Talking about how um far something is you say well I don't know how exactly how far away it is but it's just a little?
252:  Piece {NS} Yeah I've used that in many different expressions that little piece.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
252:  It has a lot of different expressions. It all depends on how you use it.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Say you've been traveling and had about three hundred miles left to go you say you'd still had a?
252:  Far piece. {NW}
Interviewer:  That's what you'd probably say?
252:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  And If something was very common and you didn't have to look for it in a special place you'd say oh you can find that just about?
252:  Anywhere.
Interviewer:  And if someone slipped and fell this way. You'd say he fell over?
252:  Backward.
Interviewer:  And this way?
252:  Forward.
Interviewer:  And If you had been fishing and I ask you did you catch any fish you might say no? What a one? No?
252:  No not a damn thing.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Do you have any expression that I didn't catch nary a one?
252:  I didn't catch nary a one yes many times.
Interviewer:  Would you use that expression your-
252:  Well there's sometimes I do.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  It all depends on the situation the expressions I use.
Interviewer:  Say if um there's something that um we had to do today. Um the two of us you could say we'll have to do it or you could say?
252:  Frances'll have to do it. {NW}
Interviewer:  Would would you say you and I will have to do it?
252:  No I usually I'll say Frances'll do it. {NW}
Interviewer:  Well if you were talking about um
252:  Both of us?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Would you say me and you have to do it?
252:  I'd say me and her gotta do it
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  Mostly her.
Interviewer:  {NW}
252:  Cuz I believe on putting the monkey on her back. {NW}
Interviewer:  Say if um if you knocked at the door and somebody asked who's there? And you know they recognize your voice you'd say it's?
252:  It's me.
Interviewer:  Okay. And if it's a man you'd say it's
252:  It's It's me.
Interviewer:  Well uh if I say is that Jim at the door? You say ya that was
252:  No I If he is at the door when I usually knock on the door it's some woman's door see
Interviewer:  Well
252:  Some widow's door and I say no that ain't me that's {NW}
Interviewer:  Would you say if it's a man at the door would you say that's he or that's him?
252:  That's me.
Interviewer:  But if someone if you're talking about someone else would you say if I asked was that Bob who called a few minutes ago You'd say yeah that was.
252:  Yeah that was Bob.
Interviewer:  Well if you don't call his name you say?
252:  That was him.
Interviewer:  Okay if it's a woman you'd say that?
252:  That was she.
Interviewer:  And if there's two people?
252:  That was them.
Interviewer:  And talking about how tall you are you'd say he's not as tall?
252:  As I am.
Interviewer:  Well I'm not as tall as ?
252:  As he is.
Interviewer:  And he can do that better?
252:  Than me.
Interviewer:  And I'd say this isn't mine this is?
252:  Theirs.
Interviewer:  Or?
252:  Hers. His.
Interviewer:  Or talking about you that's?
252:  This is mine?
Interviewer:  Yeah this isn't mine this is? like this ash tray. It's not mine
252:  That's hers.
Interviewer:  Or if it belongs to you I'd say it's?
252:  If it didn't mine why would I say it is damn right that's mine.
Interviewer:  Well I would say this is isn't mine this is?
252:  His.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And and about this thing you'd say? This is
252:  Bunch of junk.
Interviewer:  Well whose is this?
252:  This belongs to some kook. {NW}
Interviewer:  You'd say this is yours or your?
252:  That's theirs or hers.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And if there was a group of people at your house and they were fixing to leave you'd say well I hope?
252:  They would get their butts gone.
Interviewer:  Or if you talking to them you say I hope what?
252:  I hope to see you couple ten years from now. Come back and see us someday. Come up and see me sometime.
Interviewer:  Would you say you all or y'all or?
252:  Y'all come to see us sometime.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Do you use would you ever use the word y'all to?
252:  Oh I use it all the time.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Would you ever use it just to one person?
252:  No.
Interviewer:  What if there's a group and you're asking about everybody's coats you'd say where are? you're asking 'em about all of their coats you'd say where are?
252:  Where're your coats?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Do you ever say y'all's coats or?
252:  Oh I've been guilty saying a lot of them things. Where y'all's coats at?
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  I want you to get gone let me help you find them. {NW}.
Interviewer:  And If there had been a party that you hadn't been able to go to and you were asking about the people that had gone you'd say was at the party you'd as-
252:  Who was there?
Interviewer:  Okay. Do you ever say who all was there?
252:  Who all was there a thousand times.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And if there was a group of children that obviously belonged to more than one family you'd ask about them children are they you'd say?
252:  It's say that again.
Interviewer:  If there's a group of children that belonged to more than one family you'd ask children?
252:  Who the hell do all of them younguns belong to out there?
Interviewer:  Would you ever say who alls children are they?
252:  Well it comes out about the same way something similar.
Interviewer:  What what would you probably
252:  Whose damn younguns is all them belong to out there?
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And you were asking about a speaker's remarks You know everything he said you'd ask? Did he say? You'd ask somebody?
252:  What the hell does he talking about?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Do you ever say what all did he say?
252:  I've said that probably a thousand times.
Interviewer:  Oh how would you probably say that?
252:  What the hell was he talking about? That's usually what I'd say.
Interviewer:  And you say if no one else will look out for them you say they've gotta look out for?
252:  Themself.
Interviewer:  And if no one else will do it for him you say he better do it?
252:  He better do it hisself.
Interviewer:  And you'd say this morning I what breakfast at seven o clock?
252:  I got up and fix them kids that breakfast. Probably would have.
Interviewer:  And then everybody what breakfast?
252:  Gets up and eats breakfast.
Interviewer:  Okay. And You say um yesterday by eight o clock I'd already?
252:  Finished breakfast.
Interviewer:  I'd already what breakfast? I'd done what?
252:  Already fixed breakfast.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh Talking about eating it You'd say I'd already?
252:  Had breakfast.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And If you were real thirsty you could go over to the sink and?
252:  No I go down to the bar. That's where when I get real thirsty. I just go down to the hotel at the bar. And kill that thirst. I quench that thirst.
Interviewer:  Well Say if I was thirsty. I'd go over to the sink and?
252:  You'd probably go to the bar and get you a drink if you was thirsty.
Interviewer:  Well If I just went in there and go
252:  You go to the spicket and get you a drink.
Interviewer:  And get a?
252:  A glass of water.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  But after you drink what I'm drinking now you'd throw that water down and go down and get you some of what I'm drinking.
Interviewer:  I thought that was homemade there?
252:  Well I ran out. {NW}
Interviewer:  Oh I see. It's better homemade huh?
252:  Oh yeah.
Interviewer:  Um you say the glass fell off the sink and what?
252:  It broke.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. So you say somebody has done what to the glass? Has?
252:  Broken my glass.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And someone might say well I didn't mean to?
252:  Well I'd say Why in the hell don't you be more careful?
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. If because if you drop a glass it will?
252:  Break.
Interviewer:  And something that um people eat for breakfast some it's made out of corn that's been ground up?
252:  Yeah corn whiskey. {NW} Yeah it's ground up and it's stewed up into a mash and we drink that for breakfast every morning.
Interviewer:  Well what what about what people eat for breakfast?
252:  Eat? I don't We eat the corn that's made out of the mash
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What say people would eat bacon and eggs and what else?
252:  And drink good corn liquor.
Interviewer:  But what what else do they eat though? Besides ba-
252:  A little bread to go along with it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What kind of bread?
252:  Not no corn bread for breakfast no. We eat store boughten bread.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  Light bread.
Interviewer:  What what do people put in light bread to make it rise?
252:  Yeast.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Are there any other kinds of bread besides light bread?
252:  No we put that in our whiskey too while we stilling it back there.
Interviewer:  How long does it take you to make whiskey?
252:  About to make a good batch about two days.
Interviewer:  Oh that's that's a long time.
252:  But we drink the skimmings to stay alive while it's getting a little age on it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Do you ever let it age for three days?
252:  Hardly ever.
Interviewer:  Um What are the kinds of things that are made out of cornmeal besides corn bread?
252:  Corn whiskey.
Interviewer:  Well kinds of bread though.
252:  Besides corn bread?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What what do you make to eat with fish?
252:  To eat with fish?
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Well know we mill our fish.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  With corn mill.
Interviewer:  Is there any thing that you you make though to?
252:  The corn patties?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh What's a corn patty like?
252:  It's a bunch of corn mill stir it up in a goo and put the frying pan and made a
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  little hunk of bread.
Interviewer:  What about the a corn dodger? Ever hear of that?
252:  {NW} I've dodged quite a many of them.
Interviewer:  What is that?
252:  A little hunk of bread about that big around you either eat it you don't like it you throw it at somebody. That's where they get the dodger from. If he don't dodge it it knocks his brains out.
Interviewer:  That's what they call the?
252:  Corn dodger.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. It's It's just that a little round thing about
252:  Yeah about that big around.
Interviewer:  About as big as a
252:  #1 Yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 silver dollar. #
252:  Yeah a little bigger than that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  And mostly when you go down these restaurants and they serve 'em too
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  and they not good they overdone the fellow over there in that out there he throws it across the entire to knock the other fellows brains out with them. That's and if he don't dodge it that's where it gets the name corn dodger.
Interviewer:  Is that the same as a hush puppy? or a?
252:  Hush puppy yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  But them dodgers is the one you want to watch out for.
Interviewer:  What about taking cornmeal and mixing it with salt and water and kind of something that you eat with a spoon? You call that?
252:  No
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear of just taking cornmeal and salt and water and make something you can eat with a spoon?
252:  Without cooking?
Interviewer:  Well yes cook the boiled in water. Do you ever of mush or cush cush?
252:  Yeah well I don't care for that mush. No.
Interviewer:  Do you know how it's ma-
252:  I no. Cuz I don't eat it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  But I've hear of the mush.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
252:  I like them dodgers where if they don't set right you can knock the other fellow's brains out sitting there over next to you.
Interviewer:  Something that people make um they take um it's round it's got a hole in the center.
252:  They call them doughnuts.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And something that you make up a batter and fry three or four of these for breakfast and eat 'em with butter and syrup.
252:  Pancakes.
Interviewer:  Kay. Any other name for pancakes?
252:  Not to my knowledge.
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear flitters or battercakes or? Anything?
252:  I've heard of batter cakes but it all comes out the same thing pancakes.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And talking about how much flour might be in a sack you might say a sack might have five or ten?
252:  Twenty four pounds of flour.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And
252:  During the depression you could buy that for sixty cent.
Interviewer:  Really?
252:  Oh yeah.
Interviewer:  Um the inside part of the egg is called a ?
252:  Yolk.
Interviewer:  What color is that?
252:  Pink and
Interviewer:  Mm-kay.
252:  yellow. {NW}
Interviewer:  And if you cooked them in hot water you'd call them?
252:  You like uh Easter egg too? She just cooked up a we call 'em Easter eggs.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about the way that you cook eggs and you cracked 'em and let them fall out of their shells in the hot water? Do you ever cook 'em like that?
252:  In hot water?
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  No. And she better not never cook me none like that either or she'll be looking for another husband.
Interviewer:  Um something that's kind of like a fruit pie. Only it's got several layers of fruit and dough in it. Do you ever hear of a apple slump or apple cobbler or deep apple pie?
252:  Apple cobbler yeah. but I never did care for it.
Interviewer:  What about something that um say you could take milk or cream and mix that with sugar and nutmeg or something make a
252:  #1 Well I would #
Interviewer:  #2 sweet treat. #
252:  go down with one of these drinks I believe if you keep talking.
Interviewer:  What what would you call the sweet liquid that could pour over pudding or pie?
252:  Whiskey. {NW}
Interviewer:  Well something made with milk and and sugar.
252:  Sugar.
Interviewer:  To pour over a pudding or pie you'd call that a?
252:  I'd call it a disgrace cuz I don't eat it.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
252:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  And if someone has a good appetite you'd say he sure likes to put away his?
252:  {NW} {X} Mm puts away his appetite.
Interviewer:  If someone has a good appetite you say he sure likes to put away his?
252:  His food.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And food taken between regular meals you call that?
252:  A disgrace. {NW}
Interviewer:  Like it's three o clock or something you go and fix yourself something to eat you call that a?
252:  I'd call it a disgrace. {NW}
Interviewer:  But you ever?
252:  stealing
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
252:  #2 {NW} # Snitching.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
252:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  And something that um thick milk you call that?
252:  Thick milk?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  Buttermilk.
Interviewer:  Well if it hasn't been churned though if you just let it get thick.
252:  Honey as much whiskey as I drank I don't have much knowledge about the milk thing.
Interviewer:  Well do you ever remember your mother making this when you were little?
252:  Buttermilk?
Interviewer:  Well that's
252:  Churning butter.
Interviewer:  What's what's buttermilk before it's it's churned?
252:  Cow milk.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh well after you can't just take regular cow milk and churn it can you?
252:  I don't know. I never owned a cow and I never done much churning.
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear of curdled milk or clabber?
252:  Clabber.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  What can you make with clabber?
252:  Mostly good biscuits.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Do you ever hear of making a kind of cheese from clabber?
252:  {NW}
Interviewer:  And the first thing you have to do after milking to get the impurity out you have to.
252:  Kill the cow don't you?
Interviewer:  Well to to get the hairs and things out of the milk you have to?
252:  Drain it.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. Do you ever see a hog killed?
252:  Yeah a couple thousand.
Interviewer:  How do people do that?
252:  Well the last one I kill I killed 'em with an ax. I've seen 'em shot.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. what do you do? How do you cut 'em up and?
252:  Well the first thing you do is you put 'em in the hog uh pot of hot water and pull the hair off of 'em.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Then you take his guts out.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  And then you settle 'em or you eat 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Is there anything you can make with the guts?
252:  Oh yeah. You can make a lot of damn stuff but I don't care for 'em. Hog chitlins.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  You take the liver and the lights and make one hell of a stew which I still don't care nothing about.
Interviewer:  What do they call that stew? Does it have a special
252:  No. They just make whatever they want to out of it. Just like you would any other stew.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What about the um fat meat that you can use for boiling with greens?
252:  What about it?
Interviewer:  Does it have a special names or?
252:  Yeah. Pork.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Well that that fat pork though. Do you ever hear of side meat or white bacon or fat back?
252:  White bacon and fat back. Yes.
Interviewer:  What's the difference?
252:  It's the same.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What about when you um the kind of meat that you buy sliced thin to eat with eggs?
252:  Well if I buy it I want some smoked bacon.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  I don't want none of this white bacon.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Fat back as you call it or salt pork is another name for it. Now there's one more question I'd like to ask you. How much longer you wanting to carry this out?
Interviewer:  Well I'd like to
252:  {X}
Interviewer:  finish this tape at least. Did
252:  How much longer is that gonna be?
Interviewer:  Um thirty forty minutes?
252:  {NW} Now let's kind of cut this thing off a little short. Like the next five minutes?
Interviewer:  Okay.
252:  Don't you think I've give you enough of my time then or?
Interviewer:  Well I'll cut it off whenever you want but if you don't mind talking a little bit more.
252:  Okay I'll give you about five more minutes of my time and then Imma haul ass. You know what I'm at?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
252:  Okay.
Interviewer:  What's um talking about kinds of animals the kind of animal that barks.
252:  They call 'em dogs and wolves.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Coyotes.
Interviewer:  If you wanted your dog to attack another dog what would you tell 'em?
252:  I don't know. Catch 'em.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay.
252:  #1 That's what #
Interviewer:  #2 What do you call #
252:  I'm fixing to do to my dog right now.
Interviewer:  {NW}
252:  {NW} In a few minutes. I'm gonna tell her to get up.
Interviewer:  What about a mixed breed dog? Do you call him a?
252:  Half-breed.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And the kind of animal that you milk?
252:  Dogs?
Interviewer:  What kind of animal that you milk?
252:  Oh I thought you still talking about dogs. Goats cows.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What do you call the male?
252:  {D:Steer}
Interviewer:  But in a cow? You call the {X}.
252:  No. {NW} Cow. Just call 'em a cow.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. What about the horse? The female is the?
252:  Mare.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And
252:  Just like you.
Interviewer:  I would be called a mare?
252:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Okay.
252:  What What would you be called a stud?
Interviewer:  Well no.
252:  I don't think so no.
Interviewer:  Um what about sheep? The female is called a?
252:  Sheep.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Were there many sheep around here?
252:  I don't know. There ain't never been a sheep on this island not even close to it.
Interviewer:  What do people raise sheep for?
252:  For the wool.
Interviewer:  And you know when hogs the stiff hairs that they have they call those?
252:  {D: Razor buds}
Interviewer:  Mm-kay what about those stiff hairs that have them what are
252:  Bristles.
Interviewer:  And the big teeth?
252:  Tush.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And When they're um first born you call them?
252:  #1 Pigs. #
Interviewer:  #2 We call 'em # Mm-kay. Then when they get a little older?
252:  Shoats.
Interviewer:  Then what? What if they're male?
252:  They called boars.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay.
252:  #1 That's #
Interviewer:  #2 And #
252:  that's what I am.
Interviewer:  Okay. What about the female?
252:  She's called a sow.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And if you had a a pig and you didn't want it to grow up to be a boar what would you say you?
252:  I'd cut 'em.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And then it'd be called a ? It'd do you ever hear a name?
252:  Oh yeah. {NW} Tell me.
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
252:  #2 A boar. # Boar.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And do you ever hear anybody um call a cow? Do get 'em to come out of the pasture? Or call a horse?
252:  Honey I ain't lived on no damn farm. How in the hell would I know what they do or not there?
Interviewer:  Okay. Did Did y'all have gardens?
252:  Everybody had a garden.
Interviewer:  What did you grow in the garden?
252:  We grow mustard peas turnips okra.
Interviewer:  What else?
252:  Tomatoes. That's most of it.
Interviewer:  What do you call the little tomatoes? Like this?
252:  Little tomatoes.
Interviewer:  No special name for them?
252:  No we didn't have none for 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And the kind of corn that's tender enough to eat off the cob? Call that?
252:  How in the hell would I know when I've been telling you for two damn days I ain't no farmer. I'm a damn fisherman. How in the hell would I know what they called it?
Interviewer:  But did you ever hear of sweet corn or?
252:  I've heard of sweet corn and Rome tomatoes yeah.
Interviewer:  What kind of beans {B} What kind of beans did y'all grow?
252:  String beans mostly and lima beans. Butter beans.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. How do you get the butter beans out of the pods?
252:  You take 'em and peel 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And the outside of the ear of corn you call
252:  It's called the husk.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. What about the stringy stuff on it?
252:  We always called it hair.
Interviewer:  Mm-kay. And the thing that grows up at the top of the corn stalk?
252:  What?
Interviewer:  The thing that grows up at the top of the corn stalk. Do you ever see that?
252:  I've seen it. What do you say it is?
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear of tassel or?
252:  Tassel yeah. The tassel.
Interviewer:  What kind of melons do people raise?
252:  Watermelons.
Interviewer:  Anything else?
252:  Rattlesnake?
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. That's a kind of watermelon?
252:  That's one yeah. Rattlesnake. Oh hell we ain't never raise no melons down here cuz they don't grow down here.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And the kind of bird that can see in the dark? you know the?
252:  All the birds can see in the dark.
Interviewer:  Well the one that comes out at night that makes scary noises.
252:  {X}
Interviewer:  Some that you makes a scary noise around his graveyard
252:  Loons.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What about owls?
252:  Well owls does too but the lune is a scary bird.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  You probably never heard of him. He sounds like a when he hollers at night he sounds a lot like a lady screaming.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  He sounds a lot like a panther
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  screaming. He has a long laugh scream.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  We call that a lune.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What different kinds of owls do you have around here?
252:  The hooter. We got one right over there on that island across the creek.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  And he hoots all damn night long. And if I could find that son of a bitch I'd go over there and kill 'em.
Interviewer:  You don't like him?
252:  Well would you like somebody standing round here in damn place making loud noise?
Interviewer:  Well no but I also {X} from getting
252:  Yeah they getting scarce and that's one that'd be a little scarcer if I find 'em too.
Interviewer:  What is there a kind of an owl smaller than a hoot owl?
252:  Not that I know of.
Interviewer:  Do you ever hear of squinch owl or scrooch owl?
252:  Scrooch owl yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  Yeah he screams like something doesn't call him too.
Interviewer:  {NW} What about a kind of bird that drills holes in trees?
252:  A woodpecker.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Are any other names for them?
252:  Yeah the redheaded woodpecker.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Do you ever hear them called pecker wood?
252:  Well they all comes out to same thing. They peck.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Have you ever heard the word peckerwood used?
252:  Oh yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 about people or #
252:  #2 yeah # yeah. Woodpecker. Peckerwood yeah.
Interviewer:  What is it mean to call somebody a peckerwood?
252:  I never called nobody that I figure they kill me.
Interviewer:  Well what it's pretty bad to?
252:  Yeah it means he's chicken shit.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
252:  #2 That's what it means. #
Interviewer:  And the kind of black and white animal that has a real strong smell?
252:  Is skunk. Met a lot of them that comes around the island. All the other main animals either. You got 'em you know all over the country.
Interviewer:  {NW} What kind of animals um would come and be a nuisance? What would you call animals like that? Like come and kill chickens if you have chickens.
252:  Possums mostly.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What general name would you have for that kind of animal?
252:  Possum.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Would you ever use the word varmint?
252:  Well That's just like that one right there. That big bird that's sitting there eating. He's a damn varmint but no one will kill 'em cuz he pecks at little parakeet right there feeding outside and all them other birds. He's a varmint to me.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  That don't mean everybody sees him that way.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What about a bushy tailed animal that gets up in the trees around here? Little small bushy tail?
252:  I don't you mean a squirrel?
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Are there different kinds of squirrels?
252:  Oh yes. You have the flying squirrel you have the fox squirrel and you have the just squirrel. That's the one they eat the most.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Is there anything kind of like a squirrel it has little stripes on its back?
252:  It's not down here in this part of the country. No.
Interviewer:  What about um something that you hear making a noise around the lake at night? Makes a croaking noise.
252:  It's a frog.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What do you call the big frogs?
252:  A bull frog.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What about those little ones that get up in the trees?
252:  Frogs
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  get up in the
Interviewer:  Ever seen a
252:  #1 trees? #
Interviewer:  #2 real green ones #
252:  No.
Interviewer:  What about
252:  We don't have 'em down here. Not no frogs that gets up in trees no.
Interviewer:  What about the kind that hops around on land?
252:  They're toad frogs.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And a hard shelled animals that can pull its neck and legs into its shell.
252:  Well that's a turtle.
Interviewer:  Are there different kinds of turt-
252:  Well there's many different kinds of turtles. He's called a gopher.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  A alligator turtle. A freshwater turtle. And a deep sea turtle but you don't see all of them up here on the land.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Now you see the alligator turtle and the gopher.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  What we call a gopher down here.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Is an animal up north he's a fur bearing animal up north but down here
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  he's a he's a turtle.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  They have different meanings altogether.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What is a alligator turtle look like?
252:  He's a hard shelled turtle that crawls out here through the woods and he's got a damn neck that long on 'em and he's got a alligator tail on 'em
Interviewer:  He's got a neck a foot long or?
252:  Honey it runs up there that long and he will eat you up. A lot of people eats him.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  I just about as soon as eat {X} {C: I think he says his dog's name here) one of them. Now I like my turtle but not no alligator turtle no.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about gophers will they hurt you?
252:  Gophers no. They are harmless. But they eat 'em I mean they eat 'em and the colored man he thinks it's the best damn thing that crawls out there.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What different names are there for colored people around here?
252:  Now you hit me with that again.
Interviewer:  What do people use um the word colored people much or?
252:  Well the word nigger
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  has been popular in the state of Florida
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  for years. And if you will look and read in your Bible
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  That is a very damaging word.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  #1 Now the word #
Interviewer:  #2 How #
252:  negro
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
252:  in the case of black man
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  but the south use that word and still does. In many instances nigger
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  N i g g e r you know what I mean. Well the Bible describes that word as some kind of vulture and they don't like it and I don't blame 'em.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. You'd never use that word you?
252:  No. No.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  Because I have more respects for 'em.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. I don't guess there's been any real racial trouble down here has there?
252:  Not since nineteen twenty four?
Interviewer:  What happened in nineteen twenty four?
252:  Well a negro man raped a white woman and made me six years old all of these negroes at the time lived out here what is called Rosewood that's just beyond the parts of the road.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  And they killed them negroes. They never did catch the one that done it. They'll never know what ever happened to him.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  He just disappeared.
Interviewer:  They just went in and started
252:  They just killed 'em. Killed 'em and killed 'em. That's what they call the Rosewood war. It happened right out here just behind the forks in the road in Rosewood.
Interviewer:  Did the negroes fight back?
252:  {NW} They didn't have no choice. There was two people and I don't know how many negroes killed. They ain't never figured that out yet.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  But there were two negroes two white men killed another and one of them happened to be my uncle.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
252:  And his daughter was down here about three weeks ago to see us.
Interviewer:  She was down here?
252:  About three weeks ago to see us. His youngest daughter. Yep. Now I give you all the damn time I got. Are you about ready to go?
Interviewer:  Okay.
252:  And