Interviewer:  Alright what I need to ask you about is uh your parents' education.
312:  Well {C: tape noise} just the regular uh {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
312:  {C: tape noise} education. They didn't go to college.
Interviewer:  But they both graduated from high school?
312:  {C: tape noise} {C: tape noise} My mother was born in eighteen sixty-seven. My father was born in eighteen fifty. You see there weren't high schools and things like that in those days. {C: laughing}
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise}
312:  They had grammar school. They had uh school but I don't know that they they had public schools. They went to publi- my father during the civil war {C: tape noise} his family uh were friends of some catholics here and they sent their when my father was ten years old when the war started and uh they sent him up to s- Notre Dame.
Interviewer:  Oh.
312:  To school during the war
Interviewer:  Ah ha.
312:  You see. That's- he went there. Course that was just grammar school. Uh I mean it was I don't know whether you'd call it high school or not you know they didn't in those days but it was a preparatory school at Notre Dame. It was not the college of course.
Interviewer:  But it was affiliated with it.
312:  Yeah. Oh yeah. And he went there during the civil war.
Interviewer:  Oh. That's {D: interesting} {NW} I didn't even know Notre Dame had been around then.
312:  Oh yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay and what did your father do for a living?
312:  He was in the flour business. Uh he uh bought flour uh from the west that kinda flour that they used out there which was called winter wheat flour that- used by bakers.
Interviewer:  Oh.
312:  And then he brought it here and put it in his own onto his own label and sold it to bakers all over the south.
Interviewer:  Ah.
312:  {C: tape noise} That's what they used for bakeries. And they- they only used that kinda flour. And so he sold flour to all over the south.
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise} Did his father do that too? Or how did he
312:  His father. His father. uh was born in eighteen O two and uh {NW} {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Eighteen O two so that means your father was born when his father was
312:  #1 Well you see #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
312:  Yes because you see they- my father was {D: one of the} {C: tape noise} good many children in the family and he was his mother was determined to have one child named for her father and one named for her husband. And my father was the third one
Interviewer:  #1 Oh. #
312:  #2 See two of th- {X} # #1 terrible mortality in babies at that time. #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh yeah of course. #
312:  And so his- he was the third one named for his father
Interviewer:  #1 The other two had died? #
312:  #2 her husband. # The other two had died. And then there were my uncle who was ten years older than my father was the second Matt {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Oh {NW}
312:  So they were- he was one of the younger children. He was the next to the youngest in a large family.
Interviewer:  I see. Yeah.
312:  And then I {C: tape noise} of a second wife. My father his first wife died and then married my mother {C: tape noise} in his uh forties early forties when uh when I was born
Interviewer:  #1 Oh. {NW} #
312:  #2 you see so it's a long gap in there. # {C: tape noise} {C: tape noise} Until the railroads came in.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
312:  Then he got out of that and was in the uh uh mercantile business and he sold grain and and uh wholesale business here in Nashville.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Alright uh did your mother work?
312:  No.
Interviewer:  Okay. {C: tape noise} I don't guess many women did work.
312:  No. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Alright uh who are Are your friends mostly people from church or the colonial dames
312:  Yeah church and yes uh historical uh interests. I'm- I'm interested in historical things and {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise}
312:  {X} society. {C: tape noise} Board ma- on the board of the ladies hermitage association {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Of the what association?
312:  ladies hermitage association that runs Andrew Jackson's home.
Interviewer:  Oh.
312:  I've been on that board for since nineteen forty two or three or something like that. And I'm on the board and have been registrar of the colonial dames national society of colonial dames for since uh {C: tape noise} I've been registrar for thirty years. {NW}
Interviewer:  So most of the things you do for enjoyment are historical.
312:  #1 Yes that's right. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} things. # That's interesting. that's really nice. Is there a national historical society as well?
312:  Uh no. The- well there is now. there's a {X} metro {C: tape noise} uh historical s- {X} {X} But that's- I belong to that. I belong to all of 'em. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Oh okay. {NW} And what kind of things do you do with the- well I'm particularly interested in the hermitage one. What do you do?
312:  {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Oh you do.
312:  Yes. There's a {X}
Interviewer:  You hire all the people
312:  Yeah oh yes there's a- there's a board of women {C: tape noise} uh that started see it started in eighteen eighty-nine.
Interviewer:  Now when did Jackson live?
312:  Jackson died in eighteen forty-five.
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  And he the home was his son adopted son's. No it was not his adopted son but his son's his grandson
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
312:  had lived there when the- when he {C: tape noise} I'm not sure whether suffocated when he died. I guess he was. Anyway the family lived on in the house. but this- the uh state of Tennessee bought it after Jackson's death. But they didn't do anything with it. {C: tape noise} And then they couldn't afford to to keep on living there and they So the state had all sorts of ideas as to what they were going to do with it. They were going to have a make a {D: home of it.} They were going to do all sorts of different things and so some of the ladies got busy {C: tape noise} {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Oh I see.
312:  And uh so they got busy and finally {C: tape noise} effort they got the state to th- to give it to them to run. {C: tape noise} {C: tape noise} in good order why we can keep on running it. And it's a self {C: tape noise} sustaining board. We appoint our own board members.
Interviewer:  I see.
312:  As you see and we have about twenty women on the board {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  And are they all Nashville residents?
312:  All Nashville residents. And we have uh uh uh committee of men who are appointed by the governor who are called trustees
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
312:  {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise}
312:  {C: tape noise} from recommendation from us. You see {C: laughing} And the governor has only turned us down once {X}. And then uh But- that- we run it. We- we operate the place completely. In every way and it's a big business now.
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise}
312:  {C: tape noise} three hundred thousand people there last year and {C: tape noise} {C: tape noise} {C: tape noise} it's really and so we- we run it completely.
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise} {C: tape noise}
312:  {C: tape noise} I can't remember.
Interviewer:  Well how expensive is it?
312:  It's two dollars. Two dollars {X} now but there're three {C: tape noise} There uh You must go. {C: tape noise} {C: tape noise} I know there are student rates {C: tape noise} if they're in a group. Some {X} that way.
Interviewer:  Oh I see.
312:  Uh {C: tape noise} It's uh we have three buildings. three {C: tape noise} It's the hermitage itself which is well worth seeing then across the road is a house that is very beautiful that was built by Andrew Jackson for his {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise}
312:  And his secretary's wife was was the his uh hostess for part of the time. {C: tape noise} Half the time.
Interviewer:  Because his wife died or
312:  His wife was died before he became president.
Interviewer:  Oh oh. Ah.
312:  See and Rachel was uh {C: tape noise} before he was inaugurated president.
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise}
312:  And so his his niece {X} was his he- hostess and then his uh adopted son's wife was hostess part of the time too.
Interviewer:  So Jackson never remarried?
312:  No.
Interviewer:  #1 I see. #
312:  #2 No. #
Interviewer:  #1 #
312:  #2 #
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise} We- uh where is that I just
312:  {C: tape noise} That's the way I go is highway forty. And that's what you would do You could go uh from Murfreesboro pike
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
312:  You'd go over {C: tape noise} Oh and those motor courts uh How- Alamo {C: tape noise} court
Interviewer:  Oh I've seen them.
312:  {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise}
312:  Turn left at Alamo court and go through there {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Right right right.
312:  And you go over to the {X} and turn right and go straight out and you'll come right to it.
Interviewer:  {X}
312:  You turn off to the left there. After you- but you'll see the signs. They'll tell you where to turn.
Interviewer:  Great. Okay thanks.
312:  But you really- that's really way out- way far out
Interviewer:  Oh I- I'm sure it is. Okay uh {C: tape noise} {NS} Is that your door?
312:  No I don't think so.
Interviewer:  What kind of music do you like?
312:  Not any. {C: whispering}
Interviewer:  At all?
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Not any at all.
312:  Not any at all.{C: laughing} {NW} Now you've got it. {NW}
Interviewer:  I have never gotten that answer before.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Not even historical music huh?
312:  No. They don't- they're- they're- we always having music down here having people come over from Peabody college to entertain us you know it they- they come and try that on us first #1 {X} they have a performance you see. #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh I see. #
312:  And I never go {X} {C: laughing} No I really I have no care for music whatsoever. I have no rhythm. And it- it doesn't mean anything to me. I'm {X} not proud of it but it just doesn't.
Interviewer:  But what do you- you just have it then on as background then when you do.
312:  Uh
Interviewer:  Oh you don't even turn on the radio?
312:  Oh I don't turn on the radio at all and I never listen to musical things on T-V. {X} {C: laughing}
Interviewer:  Okay that's a good honest answer.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  I like that. {NW} Okay then we'll go from that to uh farms. {NW}
312:  Farms?
Interviewer:  Farms.
312:  Well I don't know much about farms. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Well that's what we wanna find out. We wanna find out how much people who live within cities know about farms.
312:  Well I know very little. I have cousins who have a farm. They have a large farm out towards Franklin and I go out there and visit them but I know very little about farms. {NW}
Interviewer:  Okay we- we'll see.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  What do you call a big building on a farm where the grain is stored and-
312:  #1 The barn? #
Interviewer:  #2 stored and # I'm sorry?
312:  Barn?
Interviewer:  Yes.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  See? You know something.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  How about the name of the building where corn is stored?
312:  A corn crib.
Interviewer:  Okay. How about where uh a particular part of a building where the grain is stored?
312:  Mm. Granary?
Interviewer:  Yeah. What- when you say that word what does that bring to mind? What does one of those look like?
312:  Uh I don't know. {C: very softly} I wouldn't uh sort of a thing like this it's
Interviewer:  #1 In a V shape? #
312:  #2 Sort of a V shape- a V shape. # I don't know whether that's right or not.
Interviewer:  I don't either {X} {NW} Alright what do you call the uh upper part of the barn where the chickens stay?
312:  Uh loft. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Okay. If uh you gather-
312:  I used to play in barns
Interviewer:  #1 Did you? #
312:  #2 when I was I was a child. {NW} # I had friends who rented country places every summer and went out and sort of camped you know and
Interviewer:  #1 Oh but they just rented them? #
312:  #2 and so # They'd rent them and go out and as I say would sort of camp in them. And I'd go out and visit them but that's {NW} that's the extent of my
Interviewer:  #1 So there was no work done. #
312:  #2 farming. # Oh no no. No work done. Just play. {NW} Slide down the haystacks.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
312:  #2 That sort of thing you know. #
Interviewer:  That was my next question.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  What do you call the things #1 you play in? #
312:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh What- have you ever heard of a it's got four poles and it a sliding roof and you put hay in it? A hay barrack?
312:  No. {D: right here}
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  Mm-mm.
Interviewer:  Uh do you know uh {C: tape noise} any names for small piles of hay that are kind of raked up?
312:  Rick?
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh What do you call the place where you keep horses?
312:  Stable.
Interviewer:  Uh is there a special place besides the barn? A place outside where you milk cows?
312:  Hmm. {C: tape noise} Dairy. No that would be where you keep the milk.{C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Yeah I think so.
312:  Uh. I don't know. I can't think.
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise}
312:  No.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh or a cow pen?
312:  A cow pen would be alright yes.
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise}
312:  In a sty.
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise} Does a sty have a shelter over it or is it just open?
312:  Open as far as I know.
Interviewer:  Yeah. When you were talking about a dairy before uh exactly {C: tape noise}
312:  Well just cans of milk. Milk cans and and places to uh{C: tape noise} strain the milk and that sort of thing I I remember as a child. And churn it
Interviewer:  Well now okay is it a more a type of farm or more a processing plant?
312:  More processing.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Okay. What do you call the place around the barn the land around the barn where all the animals
312:  Barnyard.
Interviewer:  Okay. {C: tape noise} And what do you call the place where you let uh cows and sheep go out to graze?
312:  Pasture.
Interviewer:  Okay. Would that be fenced in or would it
312:  Yes.
Interviewer:  It would be. Okay. Uh do you know anything about raising cotton?
312:  No I really don't. I've seen it but I don't know anything about it.
Interviewer:  Okay. What do you call uh grass that grows up in a cotton field when you don't want it there?
312:  I don't know. {C: very softly}
Interviewer:  Okay. {C: whispering} Alright I've just said this but uh cotton and corn grow in a {C: tape noise}
312:  Field. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise}
312:  {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Okay. Now what's the difference between a field and a patch?
312:  I don't know except patch is a small a smaller{C: tape noise} area as far as I know.
Interviewer:  Okay. That's all I wanted to know. And what kinds of things would you say are grown in a patch besides tobacco? {C: tape noise}
312:  {C: tape noise} {X} small gardens and places of that sort would be in a they wouldn't be g- you wouldn't call it a patch though.
Interviewer:  You just call it a garden I guess.
312:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh what else is grown in a field besides
312:  Oh corn wheat.{C: tape noise} {C: tape noise} Uh All kinds a' things.
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  Grai- uh hay {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Okay um do you have different names for different kinds of little wooden fences?
312:  Well let's see. Uh A rail fence.
Interviewer:  Now what does that look like?
312:  A rail fence is {C: tape noise} r- uh rectangul- uh horizontal
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  rails. And uh a picket fence would be with up and- uh perpendicular
Interviewer:  Yeah.
312:  stakes. {C: tape noise} then there's uh um {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  the kind that zig zags?
312:  Yeah zig zag.
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  That's right.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh have you ever heard of a paling fence or
312:  Yes.
Interviewer:  What is that?
312:  That's straight up and down I think.
Interviewer:  Like a
312:  pale yeah. That would #1 be it seems to me #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
312:  a picket fence would be smaller uh paled. Uh smaller sticks. And the pale pale uh pale fence would be wider. Uh that's my uh idea of it.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
312:  #2 I don't know. #
Interviewer:  #1 #
312:  #2 #
Interviewer:  Uh how about a slat fence?
312:  {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Okay. That- I think that's just another name for
312:  Mm-hmm. I expect so. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Alright What do you call the kind of fence that uh {NW} excuse me if you climb over it it might tear your pants off?
312:  Oh barbed wire. {NW}
Interviewer:  Alright uh {C: tape noise} When you set up if you were out there setting up a barbed wire fence
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  uh you would dig holes where the
312:  For the uh posts.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Okay what might you call a fence or wall made of loose stone or rock you might remove from
312:  Uh rock wall.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh uh some farmers {C: tape noise} when they want to fool a hen into s- {C: tape noise}
312:  {C: tape noise} no what do you call
Interviewer:  {NW}
312:  {C: tape noise} china egg
Interviewer:  Yes.
312:  China egg. That's it.
Interviewer:  You're one of the few people who- who've known what that was.
312:  Really? {NW}
Interviewer:  Yes.
312:  China egg.
Interviewer:  Have you ever seen one of them?
312:  Yeah oh yes many of 'em.
Interviewer:  Are they really made out of china or
312:  Yeah. {C: tape noise} Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  That's- that's really interesting. Do you know why it works?
312:  Well I don't know why except that- that they think that that is a nest that they've had I don't know.
Interviewer:  Maybe it gives 'em the idea to
312:  #1 The idea I suppose. #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
312:  #1 That's all I know. {C: laughing} #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # {NW} That's funny. Alright what do you use to carry water in?
312:  A bucket.
Interviewer:  Alright now when you say bucket is that do you think of something wooden or metal?
312:  Either way. A pail I guess would be a me- a wooden pail.
Interviewer:  Pail would be
312:  Wooden.
Interviewer:  Wooden and bucket would be?
312:  E- to my mind would be metal.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um.
312:  But we- we don't use the word pail too much.
Interviewer:  Okay. {NS} Uh what would you call a container that you'd use to carry food to the pigs?
312:  I don't know.
Interviewer:  You ever heard of a slop bucket?
312:  Oh yes. Yes I have heard of a slop bucket. {C: laughing} {NW}
Interviewer:  Alright What do you call the thing that you fry eggs in?
312:  A skillet.
Interviewer:  Alright. What's it made out of?
312:  Iron.
Interviewer:  Okay. {C: very softly} Um did you ever have one with legs?
312:  Yes that's a spider. {X}
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise} And how big is it?
312:  It's just the size of a sk- a regular skillet. And they- they put hot coals under it when they built it in front of the uh cooked in the fireplace you see.
Interviewer:  Oh they used coals instead of
312:  They put coals under the skillet. And that's where the- why there were legs.
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise} all right what about {X}
312:  {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Alright. Would you call- ever call it anything else?
312:  no not that I know {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Alright. What do you call the long container that you use to put cut flowers in? {C: tape noise}
312:  A vase. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Okay. What are the uh eating utensils that you set out at the table?
312:  Uh you mean uh plates and
Interviewer:  The the ones that the utensils that you actually
312:  Oh knives and forks. Uh
Interviewer:  And?
312:  Spoon.
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  If the dishes are all dirty you might say oh it's almost supper time and before we can have supper we have to have some clean dishes. I must
312:  wash the dishes.
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  And after you wash the dishes then you
312:  dry them.
Interviewer:  uh but sometimes before that you have to
312:  uh rinse 'em.
Interviewer:  Right. Okay. And what do you call the uh cloth or rag that you might use to wash 'em off
312:  uh dish towel.
Interviewer:  But to wash them with too?
312:  No. Dish cloth.
Interviewer:  Okay. And a dish towel is to dry 'em?
312:  Dry them.
Interviewer:  Alright and what you call a s-
312:  It might have been the di- the one to wash 'em with it might be a dish rag.
Interviewer:  Okay now which would you more readily say? Do you know?
312:  Well I think in the early days I would have said rag. I would say cloth now. {NW}
Interviewer:  Alright and how about the one you use for your face? Which would you say?
312:  {C: tape noise}well, I would say cloth now but have said rag in the early days.
Interviewer:  Okay you'd have said say wash- wash rag back then?
312:  Wash rag.
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  Yes.
Interviewer:  {NW} Alright uh people used to buy flour in a {C: tape noise}
312:  a barrel. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Alright uh what did molasses come in when you used to buy it in fairly large quantities?
312:  Mm. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Alright uh did you call it a stand?
312:  {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Uh {NW} What's one of these things that we have uh a big container and you want to pour something into small container
312:  Oh uh a funnel.
Interviewer:  Right. {NS} What do you use to urge your horses to go faster when you're
312:  A whip.
Interviewer:  Alright. If you bought fruit at the store the grocer might put them in a
312:  Bag?
Interviewer:  Okay what kind a' bag?
312:  paper bag. Or paper sack.
Interviewer:  Alright. {C: very softly} Um how how uh let's say fifty years ago how was a fairly large quantity of sugar packaged?
312:  In a uh cloth bag I think.
Interviewer:  Okay and how about flour?
312:  In- in the same.
Interviewer:  What do you call the bag or sack that potatoes are shipped in? {C: tape noise}
312:  Uh tow sack?
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Any other names?
312:  Uh tow sack and um {X} sack.
Interviewer:  Okay how about feed seed uh
312:  The same thing
Interviewer:  And manure too? I bu- I wouldn't know about manure. {NW}
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Fertilizer.
312:  {NW} {X} about either one particularly. I think it's put in a cloth sack the fertilizer. It was. It's not anymore. I'm sure it's in paper now.
Interviewer:  Yeah I think it is. Alright what would you call {C: tape noise}
312:  A sack?
Interviewer:  Okay uh have you ever heard of a turn of corn?
312:  No.
Interviewer:  Okay. Any names for the amount of wood you might carry?
312:  A rick?
Interviewer:  Okay. And how much is a rick of wood?
312:  Oh I can't remember.
Interviewer:  Just an armful?
312:  No a rick. No a rick is um is a certain {C: tape noise} {X} {C: whispering} But when you pile it up it's certain footage
Interviewer:  Oh
312:  Is- is a rick or uh Oh the other name that I can't think of.
Interviewer:  #1 Is that like the hay you were talking about before? #
312:  #2 No. uh #
Interviewer:  #1 #
312:  #2 # No they pile you know they pile wood into a certain way.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
312:  And a certain footage means a uh the other na- other name has escaped me but
Interviewer:  Can I give you some
312:  Yes.
Interviewer:  choices? Would it be a coil?
312:  No not coil.
Interviewer:  Shock?
312:  No.
Interviewer:  doodle?
312:  No. {C: laughing}
Interviewer:  Those are some words we've gotten.
312:  Uh no uh
Interviewer:  A tumble?
312:  No.
Interviewer:  {NW}
312:  Oh {NW} it'll come to me. {NW} It's so silly cuz it's so perfectly well known. Uh
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
312:  #2 Well my- my mind's blank on that {X} right now. # But a rick is one- one thing. But that is not something that uh {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  Fixed in a certain way. They piled it up just exactly right and they know exactly by the measurement #1 how much that is you see. #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh I see. # Oh okay.
312:  And I'll think of the other name.
Interviewer:  {NW}
312:  {X} there is another name.
Interviewer:  Ah well I hope you do cuz {C: tape noise}
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Alright when an electric lamp burns out you have to put in a new {C: tape noise}
312:  a light uh bulb
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  Uh
Interviewer:  Will you say the whole name again?
312:  Light bulb.
Interviewer:  Thanks. Alright uh {C: tape noise} what do you turn on when you want some water from the kitchen sink?
312:  Uh the s- the uh faucet.
Interviewer:  Alright would you use a different word if it were outside on a pump? Or something?
312:  Spigot?
Interviewer:  Alright is that what you would call it outside? Is there a difference?
312:  {C: tape noise} But I don't think I call it a faucet on the outside.
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Alright you might say it was so cold last night that our water pipes
312:  burst.
Interviewer:  Okay. When you carry the washing out to hang it up on the line you carry it out in a
312:  a basket.
Interviewer:  Uh what do nails come in? It's like a barrel but it's smaller.
312:  I don't {X}
Interviewer:  Mm begins with K?
312:  Keg.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Alright what runs around the barrel to hold the wood the staves in place?
312:  Uh. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Or another way to put it- just a minute {NS} Another way to put it would be uh the skirts that women used to wear before the civil war {X}
312:  A hoop. Hoop.
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  {NW} {X} {C: laughing}
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise} top of a bottle once you've opened it?
312:  A stopper.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh What's the musical instrument that children play or sometimes bluegrass uh musicians play? It's like this
312:  Um i- uh well it has several names. The Jews harp is one name and a uh uh Let's see. What's the other name? {C: whispering} Oh I've just {X} not long ago I heard somebody playing one. Uh harmonica.
Interviewer:  Alright. Are they both the same instrument?
312:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Okay. {C: tape noise} Uh what do you pound nails with?
312:  Hammer.
Interviewer:  If you have a wagon and two horses you gotta remember back a long time
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  What do you call the long piece of wood that goes between the horses?
312:  Um. Mm. Should know that. Oh I know that. It's the {X} I can't think of it. Gimme a clue. {NW}
Interviewer:  Well I'll ask you. Have you heard of a tongue?
312:  #1 Yes that's right. That's right. Yes. Correct. #
Interviewer:  #2 Is that what you call it? Okay. # Now uh Say you have one horse pulling your buggy and before you hitch him up to it you have to back him in
312:  #1 to the #
Interviewer:  #2 between #
312:  uh. Now that's another one {X} Uh Oh you know I can't think.
Interviewer:  {NW} {C: tape noise} Well this is remembering back a long
312:  I know but I- I should- {C: laughing} I should remember that. Uh I can't {X}. I know it so well. I've done it.
Interviewer:  You did it yourself?
312:  Oh yes.
Interviewer:  Would you call it a shaft?
312:  Shafts of course.
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay. {C: tape noise}
312:  No. Shafts is what we called them.
Interviewer:  Alright. Hmm. When a horse is hitched to a wagon what do you call the bar of wood that the traces are fastened to? {NS}
312:  Single tree?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
312:  Good. {NW}
Interviewer:  Now if you have two horses and each one has a singletree what's that called?
312:  I don't know that. I couldn't tell ya.
Interviewer:  Have you heard of a doubletree?
312:  #1 Well maybe I have #
Interviewer:  #2 Or would you call it a double singletree? #
312:  I- I don't know.
Interviewer:  Okay. {C: tape noise} If a man had a load of wood in his wagon and he was driving along you would say he's doing what? With the wood?
312:  I don't know.
Interviewer:  Alright let me phrase it another way and see if this What would you say somebody is doing when he's filling up his wagon at the wood lot and taking it to his house unloading it and then going back and filling it up again?
312:  well, my brain's gone.
Interviewer:  Alright would you say he was hauling wood?
312:  Yes of course. {NW}
Interviewer:  Will you say that
312:  Hauling wood. {NW}
Interviewer:  Alright uh suppose there was a log across the road and you needed to get it out of the way. You might say I tied a rope to it and
312:  Pulled it? uh
Interviewer:  Alright another word
312:  Hauled it.
Interviewer:  Another word?
312:  Oh uh dragged it?
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Thank you. And if you've done it many times you say we have? {C: tape noise} Same word.
312:  We have I wouldn't say some a' the things that you might say. {X} Let's see. Uh. {C: tape noise} I don't- let me see now. {C: tape noise} We have well we wouldn't say drug. We would've said dragged I think. {C: tape noise} I have heard people say drug.
Interviewer:  I have too.
312:  {NW} That's not right.
Interviewer:  I don't think so.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Alright. Uh what do you what do you break the ground with in the spring?
312:  Uh uh plow?
Interviewer:  Alright can you can you tell me about some different kinds of plows that you might remember?
312:  No I can't. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  hand drawn or do horses draw them?
312:  Oh h- horses draw them. Yes.
Interviewer:  Oh o- okay.
312:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Alright uh after you've plowed what do you use to break the ground up even finer?
312:  Um. Oh I should know that too. {C: tape noise} Yeah I'm not a farmer. {C: tape noise} {X} I can't think what it's called.
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise}
312:  Yes. That's right. {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. What do you call the think that goes across that uh the wheels of the vehicle fit onto it?
312:  Uh uh {C: tape noise} completely blank when you ask me these questions. {C: tape noise} I've seen many of 'em and I've had them. Uh {C: tape noise} Hmm I know what you're talking about. Give me a clue {X}
Interviewer:  {NW} Well
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  I have several words here. Um well I'll just ask you. Would you call it a saw buck? {C: tape noise} Or a saw horse?
312:  Saw horse.
Interviewer:  Alright.
312:  Saw horse was what we would call it.
Interviewer:  How about the ones that are shaped like A that you might put a piece of wood across the top to make a table for church supper or something like that? Is that the same?
312:  Yes it's the same thing.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh {C: tape noise} When you're taking care of your hair you use a comb and a
312:  brush.
Interviewer:  Alright. {C: tape noise} Do you know what uh a revolver the thing that holds the bullets {C: tape noise}
312:  No.
Interviewer:  Alright um another way this word is used is uh some kinds of pens you put a {X}
312:  {C: tape noise} No no
Interviewer:  It's like an ink pen but it's not a fountain pen. You put the the thing of ink inside the pen.
312:  Uh I can't think.
Interviewer:  Okay uh cartridge? {X}
312:  Yes cartridge. Of course.
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  What do you call uh in a children's playground a piece of wood on one of those A frame things that goes back and forth. Up and down.
312:  Oh see hor- uh uh see saw.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh if you saw some children on this thing you'd say they are {C: tape noise}
312:  See sawing.
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Alright there's a sorta like a home made merry go round. Uh it's a plank like on a see saw
312:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  but instead of going up and down. It goes around and around in a circle. {C: tape noise}
312:  Yes I have heard of a flying jenny.
Interviewer:  And is that what that is?
312:  I imagine so yes. I'm not sure but I- flying jenny is familiar to me.
Interviewer:  Okay. Well flying dutchman?
312:  No.
Interviewer:  Okay. {NS} What do you call the uh oh say y- you tie a long rope to a branch and you {X}
312:  Swing.
Interviewer:  Okay. {C: whispering} {C: tape noise}
312:  {D: Th- that hoe hard} was the thing that you put it in. They had uh a decorative thing that sat by the fireplace and you put the coal in that from the bucket.
Interviewer:  #1 I see. #
312:  #2 And you used it. # As was the coal hot
Interviewer:  And then you put it from the hot into
312:  Put onto the fireplace.
Interviewer:  Alright and did you ever call it a coal scuttle?
312:  Yes.
Interviewer:  #1 Is that the same thing as a hot #
312:  #2 Yes that's- yes that's the same thing. # No. That's the same as the bucket.
Interviewer:  I see.
312:  Coal scuttle is what I should have said in the first place.
Interviewer:  Okay. No no.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  {X}
312:  Coal scuttle is correct.
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  #1 They're collectors items. They're collectors items now. #
Interviewer:  #2 Alright I {X} # Are they?
312:  Oh yes.
Interviewer:  #1 Well cuz no one uses them anymore #
312:  #2 {NW} Yes {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
312:  #2 {C: tape noise} #
Interviewer:  Do you still have one?
312:  No. {NW}
Interviewer:  {NW} What do you call a small {C: tape noise} It's got a little wheel in front and two handles.
312:  Uh wheelbarrow.
Interviewer:  Okay. What do you sharpen a scythe on? {C: tape noise} What kind of stone?
312:  Um Oh dear. {X}
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
312:  but I can't think what you call them. {NW} Oh uh {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  That's what I have.
312:  Well. Alright. {C: tape noise} Grindstone would be more of a- likely.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh if something is {X}
312:  A whet stone to my mind would not be the wheel. It would be a stone that you would uh sharpen things on straight.
Interviewer:  Oh.
312:  {X} That way- that's with a whet stone.
Interviewer:  But a grindstone {X}
312:  Grindstone would be round. Yes.
Interviewer:  Okay. {C: tape noise} Uh {C: tape noise} What do you call the thing that you drive?
312:  Car.
Interviewer:  Okay. {C: whispering} If something in your car is squeaking to lubricate it you have to put not oil but
312:  Lubrication? Um uh
Interviewer:  Well it's a synonym for oil. You cook with it. Bacon
312:  grease. Grease. {X}
Interviewer:  And if grease got all over your hands then you'd say my hands were all
312:  greasy.
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Uh if you had something in your car that was squeaking yesterday you might- you might say I went out and I
312:  greased the car.
Interviewer:  Okay. Thank you.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Alright and what is the other I already mentioned it but the other stuff besides grease? That you lubricate with?
312:  Uh oil.
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise}
312:  Oil.
Interviewer:  Alright s-
312:  Coal oil.
Interviewer:  Coal oil?
312:  That's what we use to call it. Yeah. Kerosene.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
312:  {NW} But ker- coal oil was the old name for it.
Interviewer:  Is coal oil the same thing as kerosene?
312:  Yes. It's the same thing as kerosene.
Interviewer:  What might you call a makeshift lamp made with a rag, a bottle, and some kerosene? Have you ever seen one of those?
312:  {C: tape noise} No. I've heard betty lamps. The little things they used to have in the early days where they had anything else they they w- {NW} a betty lamp. It had wick.
Interviewer:  Betty like the
312:  Betty yes. Betty lamp. It was a flat little thing like this. Uh and it stuck in- it had uh a piece of uh sharp portion. they could stick in the wall or stick in the fireplace.
Interviewer:  Oh.
312:  And they put a little oil in it {C: tape noise} but uh
Interviewer:  Well now this makeshift lamp {C: tape noise}
312:  Well torch would be yes. I wouldn't be- I wouldn't be familiar with torch particularly. Torch is something that that carried
Interviewer:  #1 Right. {X} #
312:  #2 and a long stick. Yes that's it. # And they used I think it in the old days they used to have back uh early they had torch parades. So it's like parades and they carry these things and that was th- that was a torch light parade. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  flambeaus?
312:  No. I mean I think I've read it but I've- it's not familiar with me here.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh inside the ca- the tire of a car is the inner
312:  tube.
Interviewer:  If they have just built a boat and are going to put it in the water
312:  #1 {X} launch it. #
Interviewer:  #2 you say they're going # Say it again?
312:  Launch it.
Interviewer:  Thank you. {C: tape noise} Uh what kind of boat would you go fishing in on a small lake?
312:  Uh row boat. Or canoe. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  What's the difference?
312:  Well a canoe is a is made of- it's very different construction. It's uh flimsier uh thinner material. A h- row boat is a really very sturdy {C: tape noise} made out of wood. Very sturdy.
Interviewer:  Is it does it have a rounded or a flat
312:  Flat bottom.
Interviewer:  And uh is the front of it pointed or {X}
312:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh {C: tape noise} If a woman wants to buy a dress in a certain color {C: tape noise} If she sees a dress that she likes very much and it's very becoming she says that's a very {C: tape noise}
312:  I don't know.
Interviewer:  Well the word is really common. It's used to describe {C: tape noise}
312:  I can't think. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Pretty.
312:  Oh of course pretty
Interviewer:  #1 {X} ask it very well. #
312:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  Alright supposing you say uh uh my dress is pretty but I think Susie's is even
312:  prettier.
Interviewer:  Okay. What might you wear over your dress to protect it in the kitchen?
312:  An apron.
Interviewer:  Uh you write with a
312:  pen.
Interviewer:  Okay uh when you fasten your baby's diapers you use a
312:  safety pin.
Interviewer:  Okay. {C: tape noise} Uh Wh- when you buy soup it usually comes in a
312:  can.
Interviewer:  What kind of can?
312:  Tin can.
Interviewer:  Okay. And how many cents is a dime worth?
312:  Ten.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh let's see. When you pu- what do you put on when you go outside in the winter time?
312:  A coat.
Interviewer:  Okay and you might say that coat has fancy buttons. {C: tape noise}
312:  Uh {NW}
Interviewer:  well it's important what I was trying to get you to say fancy buttons on it.
312:  Oh {NW} On it. {NW}
Interviewer:  Alright uh when men get especially dressed up they wear between their shirt and their coat they wear a {C: tape noise}
312:  Between the shirt and the coat.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
312:  A vest. {NS} {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Uh a suit consists of a coat, a vest, and
312:  pants.
Interviewer:  Alright.
312:  Or trousers. Whichever you wis- prefer to call it. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Do you use the words interchangeably?
312:  Yes. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh are there any other names for the the {X} {C: tape noise}
312:  Can't think of one.
Interviewer:  Okay. You might say uh this coat doesn't fit this year. But last year it
312:  did fit. {NW}
Interviewer:  Alright but without using did. {C: tape noise}
312:  It didn't. Uh
Interviewer:  Without using did. Say last year it
312:  fitted.
Interviewer:  Okay. {C: tape noise} Uh if your old suit wore- wore out you'd have to buy a
312:  new one.
Interviewer:  A new?
312:  Suit. New
Interviewer:  Yeah that's right just say {X}
312:  New suit. A new suit.
Interviewer:  Thank you. {C: tape noise} If uh it- uh if you stuff a lot of thing in your pockets it makes them
312:  bulge.
Interviewer:  When you wash- let's say you might say this shirt isn't {D: santerized}. I hope it doesn't
312:  shrink.
Interviewer:  The one I washed yesterday
312:  did shrink.
Interviewer:  No we {X}
312:  Did not shrink.
Interviewer:  Not did. The one I washed yesterday
312:  shrunk.
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Lately it seems that every one I have washed has
312:  shrunk.
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  When a girl goes out to a party when getting ready you say she likes to {C: tape noise}
312:  {X}
Interviewer:  How about this way. If a girl likes to put on her mother's clothes she likes to
312:  dress up. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Uh what do you call a small leather contai- container with a clasp on it that women carry money in?
312:  Pocketbook.
Interviewer:  Alright. How about something small you might take to church just to carry coins?
312:  Uh {X} Purse.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if you had something to carry your money in that goes inside your pocketbook or inside your purse what would that be called? {X}
312:  Wallet. {NW}
Interviewer:  Would you ever call it a bill fold?
312:  Yes. Either one.
Interviewer:  Okay. What do you call the piece of jewelry that a woman wears around her
312:  bracelet.
Interviewer:  What do you call uh what you have around your neck?
312:  Uh uh necklace.
Interviewer:  Alright supposing it were beads. You'd say it's a
312:  a bead uh
Interviewer:  A something of beads.
312:  Uh uh ch- uh uh a bead chain no uh
Interviewer:  Or something of pearls. {C: tape noise}
312:  Uh {C: tape noise} necklace of pearls.
Interviewer:  Alright would y- have you ever heard this expression a pair of beads?
312:  No.
Interviewer:  Alright or string?
312:  String.
Interviewer:  Okay. What do men wear to hold up their trousers here
312:  Uh uh uh {NW} I know what it's called. {C: laughing}
Interviewer:  Mm.
312:  Uh Not braces. That is a name for it but that's not what we would call it. Uh suspenders.
Interviewer:  Alright. Have you ever heard of galluses?
312:  Yes I have heard of galluses too.
Interviewer:  Alright uh who says galluses? Have any idea? {C: very softly}
312:  Country people.
Interviewer:  Do they?
312:  Yeah. {C: laughing} should think so.
Interviewer:  What do you hold over you when it rains?
312:  An umbrella.
Interviewer:  What is the last thing you put on the bed when you make it? {C: tape noise} Thing that goes on top.
312:  Oh a spread.
Interviewer:  Alright. What do you put at the head of the bed that
312:  A pillow.
Interviewer:  Alright. Uh D- uh do you remember ever using anything if you had a double bed this would be like a really long pillow.
312:  Uh a bolster.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Now you might say that bolster didn't go partway across the bed. It went
312:  all the way.
Interviewer:  Okay. {NS} What did you put on a bed for warmth?
312:  A blanket or a spread or not a spread but uh comforter
Interviewer:  How about the one that ladies get together and make?
312:  Uh uh a quilt.
Interviewer:  Okay. Is there a difference between a comforter and a blanket?
312:  Yes. A comforter is a thing with t- uh cotton in between.
Interviewer:  Ah.
312:  And it's quilted. I should think. Something like that uh
Interviewer:  #1 And how is it different from a quilt? #
312:  #2 Not # It's well It's near th- th- the pro- same- about the same as a quilt.
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  Might be a little thicker than a quilt.
Interviewer:  What do you call a makeshift sleeping place down on the floor that children especially like to sleep {X}?
312:  Uh pallet.
Interviewer:  Okay. And what was that What would you make one of those out of?
312:  Just put a uh well it could use a- a mattress of some kind. A pad.
Interviewer:  And is that what people did when they had a lot a' company?
312:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh wh- when you're soil is very very good for growing you say it's very
312:  rich.
Interviewer:  Alright. Give me another word?
312:  Uh {C: tape noise} Mm I can't think right now.
Interviewer:  It- uh would {C: tape noise} oh it can be- it can be applied to anything that reproduces.
312:  Oh uh uh {C: tape noise} {NW} {C: tape noise} I can't think. It's {C: tape noise} I- I- I know it should be but it- it's gone.
Interviewer:  Well alright uh manure is used.
312:  Well there of course
Interviewer:  {X}
312:  Uh
Interviewer:  {X}
312:  Hmm. I don't know.
Interviewer:  I don't wanna say it for you.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Uh
312:  {NW} {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  I'll spell it. F-E-R-T-I-L-E.
312:  Oh fertilized.
Interviewer:  #1 Yes. Okay. #
312:  #2 {NW} # {NW}
Interviewer:  What is the land called It's low land. It goes along the stream and it's uh overflowed if the stream rises and overflows it in the spring then it goes back down and you plow it and it's real rich.
312:  It's bottom land.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
312:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  What's a word for low lying grass land?
312:  I don't know.
Interviewer:  Okay. How about for a field that might be good for nothing other than raising grass, clover {C: pronunciation} clover or alfalfa?
312:  Mm I don't know what it would be called.
Interviewer:  Okay. You- you may not have names for it cuz you're not a {C: tape noise} Okay what about the land that uh {NS} has water standing in it {C: tape noise} for a good part of the time?
312:  It's uh I don't
Interviewer:  It's the Okefenokee {C: tape noise} How about the place where salt hay grows along the sea?
312:  I don't know. I- I should I think but I don't remember.
Interviewer:  Marshes?
312:  Marsh land.
Interviewer:  Okay. What is a Alright some people say that this is very poor and sandy soil. Other people say it's good soil but it's the same word. And usually when I think of it I think of soil that's part sand and part clay and not very good for growing anything.
312:  I don't know.
Interviewer:  Would you call it- have you ever heard of loam?
312:  I have heard of loam yes but I do- uh that's not particularly familiar to me.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um if they're getting water off the marshes you say they are doing what to the land?
312:  Draining it. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  What would you call a deep narrow valley that's cut by a stream of water {C: tape noise}
312:  Oh a pond.
Interviewer:  #1 Well {X} but this is- this is #
312:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  long.
312:  Oh.
Interviewer:  A stream, kinda.
312:  I don't know. {C: tape noise} not particularly have water.
Interviewer:  Oh it doesn't?
312:  No. {C: tape noise} Yes probably. {C: tape noise} deep
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
312:  Uh narrow {D: cleft} {C: tape noise} but it doesn't necessarily have water to my mind. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Okay. I'll remember that.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  {X} It's probably true. {C: tape noise} If there's been a heavy rainfall {C: tape noise}
312:  Mm I don't know.
Interviewer:  Alright would you call it a gully?
312:  Yes that's right. Gully. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Alright what- what is your first- the first word that comes to your mind for a small stream of water?
312:  {D: A creek.}
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Is there anything smaller than a creek?
312:  A s- uh uh brook.
Interviewer:  Anything smaller than a brook?
312:  Stream.
Interviewer:  Or is a stream bigger?
312:  stream is bigger yes. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  well you said stream so between a stream and a river in size? {C: tape noise}
312:  No a creek is between I would say. Between a river and a stream.
Interviewer:  So it goes river creek stream brook?
312:  No brook would be small.
Interviewer:  That's what I'm doing. I'm going from #1 big to small. #
312:  #2 Oh yeah big small yes. I should #
Interviewer:  River is the biggest
312:  river's the biggest.
Interviewer:  The creek? Or {X}
312:  Then creek.
Interviewer:  Okay. Then stream
312:  stream and then brook. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} I just wanted to {X} #
312:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  If you have- say you have two streams that come together and make a third big one what do you call those two? {C: tape noise} In relation to the big one I guess. {C: tape noise}
312:  Well it'd all be rivers possibly. It could be.
Interviewer:  Alright the two- but the two smaller ones are called what of the big one?
312:  Tributary?
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
312:  Yeah. Tributary.
Interviewer:  Would you call 'em forks too?
312:  Forks yes it would be a fork.
Interviewer:  Alright what do you call a very small rise in the land?
312:  A hill.
Interviewer:  Is there anything smaller?
312:  Uh I can't think {X} I tell ya See I when you get my age you {NW} you forget- I mean names don't come to you very quickly. In a little while I will think of that but {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Now this is the truth. You have had less trouble coming up with these words than anybody else {X}
312:  Really? #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 That's the truth. #
312:  #1 Well I'm so glad to know it because I feel that I'm just #
Interviewer:  #2 Really. # I interviewed a nineteen year old girl yesterday and she- maybe she's just kind of uh not very intelligent but she just had to sit and think on
312:  #1 Well it's #
Interviewer:  #2 every word #
312:  that's- I find that that is true in old age that s- that names do not come to you as quickly as they might. I- in a little while I'll think of that
Interviewer:  #1 Okay y- I'm sure you will. #
312:  #2 you know. But it's uh # #1 {NW} doesn't come back {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 As far as I can tell # you're not doing badly at all
312:  Well I'm glad to know it. {NW}
Interviewer:  I'm just shooting these questions at you and changing the subject all the time and I don't blame you.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  And that's just how they're arranged.
312:  Mm.
Interviewer:  Uh and I also want to ask you do you have any streams or creeks in this neighborhood?
312:  Well there's a little stream down at the foot of this back here in the in- the foot of this uh land back there. It drops down in there and there is a little stream
Interviewer:  #1 Does it have a name? #
312:  #2 down there. # I think it's- I'm not sure but I think it's a part of what is {X} known as sugar tree creek. {C: tape noise} that runs back through all this property back in here and I'm not certain but I think that's part of it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Are there any others that you know about that {X}
312:  Uh down well over on Harding road down here a little further is uh Richland creek. That's a good size creek. It runs through there.
Interviewer:  Harding road goes over it.
312:  Harding road is the one that you come out from town uh right here t- actually here. I told you the other day that you find uh business p- all the business stuff over across the way. That's Harding #1 road. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
312:  That road there that you cross.
Interviewer:  Alright. I remember.
312:  And there is a Richland creek that crosses Harding road down below here out there a way. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Richland?
312:  #1 Richland creek yes. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
312:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 # Uh Alright what do you call the thing you turn to open a door?
312:  Um um knob. Door knob.
Interviewer:  Is there any kind of land that's uh called
312:  knob yes.
Interviewer:  And what is that?
312:  Oh well it's uh a hill kind of a roundish hill as I {X} oh well no not necessarily. We have out here hills {C: tape noise} They are low hills.
Interviewer:  Are they smaller than hills generally?
312:  Uh yes I should think. They're not big tall hills. They are- they are rim Nashville these knobs around us here. And they are hills but not very tall hills. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Okay and how do you What- what would be the difference to you between a knob and a knoll?
312:  #1 Uh {X} know #
Interviewer:  #2 Or is there any difference? #
312:  I don't know. I don't know. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  very very large much larger than a hill?
312:  Mountain. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Uh what do you call the rocky side of a mountain that just drops straight off?
312:  Uh bluff.
Interviewer:  Okay. {C: whispering} {C: tape noise} Any other words?
312:  Well it- I'm sure there are.
Interviewer:  I mean that you would call.
312:  No I can't think. A bluff would be
Interviewer:  So you'd- you would say be careful don't fall off the
312:  {X} bluff. {C: tape noise} {NW}
Interviewer:  Up in the mountains where the road goes across a low place you would call that a
312:  uh {X} uh uh {C: tape noise} Well a notch or notch would be one word.
Interviewer:  Or a gap?
312:  Gap. It'd be more likely that we would call it. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  What do you call a place uh where boats stop {C: tape noise}
312:  R- a wharf. {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh What do you call a kind of white hard paved road like city sidewalks? What's it made out of?
312:  Uh concrete.{C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh Any other words for concrete?
312:  Uh yes I'm sure there are. Uh {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Okay fine. {C: tape noise} say you're not in the city but you're up in the suburbs or in the country. What would you call a little road that goes off the main road?
312:  Uh gravel road.
Interviewer:  Alright. Uh Supposing you came to a man's farm down the main road and you came to the turn off going down to his house. What would you call that? {C: tape noise}
312:  Uh {X} I don't know. {C: tape noise} A lane?
Interviewer:  Okay. Or a driveway maybe?
312:  Yes.
Interviewer:  What about uh
312:  If it went directly into his place it'd be a driveway. Otherwise it might be a lane going to his property.
Interviewer:  That other people might
312:  Yes.
Interviewer:  share?
312:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Okay. What if it were a big plantation with a long tree lined pathway leading up to the entrance. Would that {X}
312:  Driveway.
Interviewer:  Okay. What do you call the thing along the side of the street that people walk on?
312:  A sidewalk.
Interviewer:  Okay. If you were walking along the road and a dog jumps out at you and scares you {C: tape noise}
312:  A stick.
Interviewer:  Okay. What would you say you did with the stick?
312:  {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  Alright but what would you say you did with it?
312:  Oh.
Interviewer:  Yesterday say.
312:  I threw it.
Interviewer:  Okay. {NW} If you go to somebody's house and he is not there the person who answers the door says I'm sorry. He's not
312:  in.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh how about if they were going to use the word h- home how would they say
312:  Not at home.
Interviewer:  Okay. {C: tape noise} Now then if you're uh having coffee uh would you {C: tape noise} D- do you have any special names for {C: tape noise}
312:  No I do not.
Interviewer:  How- well how would you say
312:  Black. You could have it black.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
312:  #2 That's the only thing that I would #
Interviewer:  Have you ever heard of bare footed coffee?
312:  No. Never. {NW}
Interviewer:  I think that's cute.
312:  {NW} {C: tape noise}
Interviewer:  I drink it
312:  with milk.
Interviewer:  Alright. Uh If you don't- if you don't have uh milk in your tea you say I drink it {C: tape noise}
312:  Uh without milk. {NW}
Interviewer:  Alright if someone is not going away from you you say he's coming straight {C: tape noise} If you saw someone you haven't seen for quite a while you might say {C: tape noise}
312:  {X}
Interviewer:  Oh no I'm sorry. If you saw him and you're telling me about it
312:  Oh.
Interviewer:  You'd say well just this morning I
312:  I thought of you. No th- uh Wait a minute now. I don't
Interviewer:  Alright well the other person we commenting is Ms. Cornelius so supposing you saw her this morning. You hadn't seen her for a long time you might say to me well just this morning I ran
312:  Ran into her.
Interviewer:  Okay.
312:  {NW}
Interviewer:  If a child is given the same name that his father has {C: tape noise}
312:  Junior. Or
Interviewer:  Or {C: tape noise}
312:  for his father.
Interviewer:  Right. {NS} Uh what do you call the kind of animal that barks?
312:  A dog.{C: distorted pitch from here till end}
Interviewer:  {C: tape noise} You wanted your d- if you had your dog trained to attack somebody else what might you say to it to make 'em do it? {C: distorted pitch} {C: tape noise} Do you know what it calls?{C: distorted pitch}
312:  No I do not.{C: distorted pitch}
Interviewer:  Alright.{C: distorted pitch} What would you call a mixed breed dog?{C: distorted pitch}
312:  Uh a {D: cur}.{C: distorted pitch}
Interviewer:  Okay.{C: distorted pitch} {C: tape noise}