Interviewer: Now tell me again uh about where you were born and the circumstances 387: I was born in Birmingham but uh My mother and father lived in Talladega but before we were born the doctor knew that- I got a twin sister and the doctor knew we were gonna be twins and advised my mother to go to Birmingham to see a doctor there Interviewer: I see okay But you've lived all your life here in Talladega 387: {D: For} course uh- you know I was in school #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 387: I- I thought about that after you left yesterday one year we lived in Piedmont My father bought a hardware store up there and we moved there for the- for the year Interviewer: Okay {NS} What county is that in 387: {D:Calhoun} It borders us {NS} Interviewer: Alright and the name of this community is 387: Talladega Interviewer: and the county 387: Talladega Interviewer: {X} What's your address here in town 387: {B} Interviewer: Okay and how old are you 387: Thirty-two Interviewer: and occupation 387: Lawyer Interviewer: {X} a church here in town 387: Mm-hmm Trinity Methodist Interviewer: Okay {NW} tell me about your schooling you know from public schools through college the whole shebang 387: Went to public schools uh here in Tal- well I did go the first year in Piedmont, Alabama in Calhoun county and then from second through the twelfth grade I went to {X} and finished at {X} high school and then uh enrolled in Auburn University But I didn't stay there but a quarter and I went to Gadsden State junior college and went there a couple years and then went to {NS} Jackson State and graduated {NW} {NS} Oh here hold on just a second {NW} {NW} Interviewer: I see you were telling me about Gadsden State you stayed there how long 387: Oh a couple a years and then I went to {X} uh and I and I graduated there and I did take a couple a courses at at the University of Alabama at Birmingham #1 one or two of them # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 387: At that point I was going to Jackson so I graduated at Jackson in 1972 Interviewer: mm-kay what degree did you get there 387: um Bachelor of science in business and economics Interviewer: okay 387: and then I went to Birmingham school of law for the next four years at night graduated in 1976 been practicing since that time Interviewer: Alright {NW} {NW} {NS} uh you interested in uh civic clubs or church groups uh professional organizations #1 anything like that # 387: #2 mm # {NW} Members of some but not really interested in- #1 you know what I mean # Interviewer: #2 mm # Yeah 387: #1 Don't take # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 387: #1 Don't really take an active part in # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 387: In any of them Interviewer: Yeah any you care to mention for the record 387: member of the- well it's sort of a {X} I'm not even sure if I'm still a member of the {X} I was but I think I I haven't been in so long I think they probably {NW} #1 run me out by now # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh # okay that about it 387: Mm well I'm a {NW} course I'm a member of the bar association here in town and I'm the secretary and treasurer of that but It's not a very- We're not a real active organization real loose-knit Interviewer: mm-hmm 387: bunch Interviewer: About how many lawyers are there in town 387: Probably twenty-five #1 Twenty or twenty-five # Interviewer: #2 sounds like a # I don't know that sounds like a lot #1 for the whole town # 387: #2 Oh there's a bunch # Interviewer: #1 {X} # 387: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 387: #2 we've got to wear our {X} to keep from {X} each other # Interviewer: How big is Talladega any idea 387: About right around twenty thousand Interviewer: Twenty thousand that's bigger than I thought it was 387: That might be a l- little bit over #1 but it's pretty close # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm mm-hmm # okay uh have you traveled around very much either on business or vacation 387: Mm {NW} What- what are you talking about {X} Interviewer: uh s- throughout the country the south out of the country maybe 387: mm been to Nassau a couple of times and uh you know been to all the neighboring states and uh {NS} Interviewer: About how many of the southern states do you think you've been in 387: Mm {NW} Alabama Florida Tennessee I'm looking at the map up there Interviewer: uh-huh {NW} 387: oh I don't know six or eight Interviewer: Okay Have you traveled much ou- out of the south 387: No I haven't I've been to I've been up in Maryland I don't know if that's out of the south or not Some folks think it is and some don't and I've been- I went to Las Vegas one time to a convention but other than that I haven't been Interviewer: Okay alright {X} Tell me a little bit about your parents so where they were born what they did 387: My father was born in- in Clay county Alabama it- it's the county bordering this one It's a- it's a real rural county #1 and it's # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 387: more so then of course than it is now Interviewer: Yeah 387: And uh He lived there until he was- I don't know - until he was- Until he was grown- Until he was in his twenties and he left and he was a- he worked in a hardware and he took several jobs then I don't know exactly where all he went but several different towns over the- through the years Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: And he went into service of course and he finally settled in Talladega and- and lived here and he died about five years ago Interviewer: I see So you think he came to Talladega county when he was still in his twenties maybe 387: Probably to Talladega county when he was around thirty #1 that's what I- # Interviewer: #2 Right # 387: #1 Or- # Interviewer: #2 okay # 387: Yeah right- probably early thirties would be more like it Interviewer: Okay What did he do for a living 387: He worked in a hardware {NS} Interviewer: What about his schooling Do you know how far along he got 387: He graduated from high school Interviewer: Okay and your mother where was she born 387: She was born in Lamar county Alabama in Vernon and her father was a Methodist minister and so they moved every- #1 you know # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 387: #1 four years or so # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 387: they went uh you know just tra- went- lived- went everywhere Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: and uh {NW} She was probably course when- when my father got married they were both in their thirties Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: and- they came to Talladega I don't you know I don't think she'd lived here before then She may have lived here in Lincoln it's in Talladega county in the northern part of the county uh her father was a pastor of the Methodist church there one time and- and I- I guess she lived there then but I believe {NW} well in fact she did because after she got out of college she taught school in Lincoln for a year or two {NW} when he was preaching there and lived you know #1 with him # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 387: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 yeah # Alright What about her schooling 387: She of course finished high school and then uh went to Huntington College in Montgomery and graduated there Interviewer: Okay {NS} {NW} I meant to ask you was there any specific community in Clay county where your father was born or was it out in the country 387: It was in a- It was in Ashland Interviewer: Ashland 387: #1 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 Okay # {NS} And your mother's occupation 387: Uh she's retired now She was a school teacher Interviewer: Okay Alright Tell me about your grandparents on your father's side 387: Uh My gra- My grandfather {NW} Farmed all his life and lived to be I believe he was eighty-nine when he died Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: And my grandmother of course never- she was a house wife Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: And she- And she lived to about the same age She was in her eighties when she died Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: And that's- that- that's- They just raised a house full of kids Interviewer: Right {NW} Where were they born 387: They were born in Clay county Interviewer: Both of them 387: Mm-hmm Interviewer: #1 Was- # 387: #2 N- # Interviewer: Was that in Ashland too 387: Uh I really don't know #1 I'm just assuming # Interviewer: #2 I see # 387: #1 that it was # Interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 387: I- They always talked of living in Clay county there Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: If it wasn't in Ashland it was close around there Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay What about their schooling 387: {NW} I r- I really don't- I really don't know about that I remember My great uh- they said my great grandfather was a doctor and this and so my grandfather I think I think actually studied medicine for a while now of course in those days you know I don't know {X} when When they said- I remember when I was small you know they talked about him studying it may have been that he just rode with his you know with his dad Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: And uh- but you know I really don't know about that I know- in those days I don't think they had as much uh- You know Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: I don't know I just don't know about their schooling Interviewer: Okay 387: But #1 I- # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 387: I'd think that they probably had the- the equivalent of a high school education Interviewer: Alright And what about your other grandparents You said that your grandfather was a minister #1 {D:On} your mother's side # 387: #2 Yeah # Uh-huh He uh- He was born and raised in Lamar county Alabama And he He went as far- I don't know how this- He wrote a little- It's not a- not a book but a little Oh I don't know Probably a hundred page paper about his life when- when he was getting older Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: And he- and that's where I got a lotta #1 of course from talking to him # Interviewer: #2 Yeah # 387: And he was uh He went to school as far as he- well- #1 as far as he could go in the local schools there # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: And after that he taught there for a year or two in the In the- In the local school Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: And uh At that time he became interested in law and studied law in a lawyer's office he never went to law school and took the BAR exam and passed it and practiced a few years before he left to enter the ministry Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: And- and my grandmother I- I just don't know about- about her schooling I- I just assume you know That it- that it was a- about what we think of as a high school education today Interviewer: Okay 387: I'm- from where you- From what he told me the things were- They just- You know They were- the schools weren't exactly how they are now Interviewer: Yeah Right 387: And they- They uh- I think the school year was a lot different #1 I don't know if that's interesting or not # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: But I think it- they went about half the time rather than What we'd probably go three fourths #1 On that # Interviewer: #2 Yeah # I see Did you say that your grandmother was born in Lamar county too 387: It- I- I think that's right Interviewer: All right What about her occupation 387: She was just- she was a house wife Interviewer: Okay 387: Raised a bunch of kids too #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Alright # {NW} Uh You know what You mentioned your great grandfather on your father's side uh- that he was a physician Do you know anything about earlier ancestry on either side 387: No I don't And I just- you know of course I never knew him #1 Uh # Interviewer: #2 Yeah # 387: I remember my other grandfather on my mother's side the one that was the minister Interviewer: Yeah 387: Talking about his father was a- you know- was a farmer And uh- And I think he died when they were- You know- fairly young maybe when he was #1 fifteen or sixteen # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # Yeah Okay {NW} {X} your wife how old is she 387: She's thirty-five Interviewer: And uh- Y'all go to the same church 387: Mm-hmm Interviewer: Alright 387: Well I say we do We just been married Interviewer: Uh-huh 387: About six months And she went to another Methodist church here but- you know- since that time we've been going to mine Interviewer: Okay #1 Same denomination # 387: #2 Uh-huh yeah # Interviewer: Alright What about her schooling 387: {NW} She's uh- She- She was raised in Baldwin county Alabama And she gr- graduated from high school there and went to Auburn and graduated and now- ended with a bachelor's degree and now she teaches school Interviewer: Okay Is she interested in clubs or #1 civic groups {X} nothing like that # 387: #2 Mm no not really # Interviewer: Okay And you say her people were from Baldwin #1 county # 387: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: Alright If you would tell me a little bit about the house that you were raised in what it was like how many rooms it had what they were 387: {NW} I rem- {NW} I remember when we were small we lived in a house A small frame house with three bedrooms Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: But- But where- You know- where I was really raised Well I think when I was like twelve or thirteen we moved into the house where my mother lives now Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: And it's a- pretty good size house It's uh- It's- It's prob- You know- I- probably got twenty-five hundred feet in it Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: And it's an older house And it's just got large rooms and it's- three bedrooms and a- living room dining room breakfast room kitchen It's- Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: It's- there's nothing really unusual about it it's just an older Interviewer: Okay #1 What about # 387: #2 I was- # Interviewer: the house that you're living in now What is- What is it like 387: It's a- It's a- It's a real old house I just bought it It's a monster It's got about twenty rooms in it Interviewer: Is that right 387: and we're trying to fix it up Interviewer: Yeah 387: It's an older hou- well I say it- it's probably not a hundred years old #1 but it's # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: It's probably probably getting pretty close between eighty and ninety #1 We're just # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: guessing we don't really know Interviewer: Yeah Could you just name off the rooms Just for the record 387: Yeah It's got- living room and- music room dining room oh a little hall there four baths I'm- I'm not naming- I'm just- And it's got- Of course the kitchen And it's got another little room off the dining room I don't know what we'll call that #1 just a- # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: an addition to the hall I guess #1 {X}- # Interviewer: #2 Yeah # 387: Another hall where the stairs are Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: And then it has a- a- what we call a sun room and then a big bedroom downstairs and a dressing room off it And a there's a back porch #1 and an upstairs there # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: There's three bedrooms upstairs large bedrooms and then there's a little dressing room off one of those and- couple of baths up there Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: Big hall other little room up there we just call it the TV room #1 It's a small room # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: and then there's a couple of baths there And then uh- couple of more little rooms toward the back I don't know- #1 we got junk # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: piled in there #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # It's okay #1 It's fine # 387: #2 I- # I think one of those may have been an enclosed back porch It has a lotta windows in it so Interviewer: Yeah 387: I don't know It's good for storing junk Interviewer: Right okay fine Alright well we'll go ahead and {D:give} the questionnaire now Uh- Talking about the rooms in your house you mentioned the living room 387: Uh-huh Interviewer: Is that what you've heard most people around here call the- the best room in the house where they'd entertain company 387: Mm-hmm I think so Living room Interviewer: You ever heard any other terms for it 387: Uh You hear about parlor #1 but I- # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: I har- I've heard old folks call it the parlor and just on on rare occasions Out in the country sometimes you hear folks talk about the front room {NS} #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # {NS} Yeah you were telling me about the parlor 387: I heard folks call it- well I- I've heard folks in- you know- call it parlor but that's not- but not very often but I- heard folks out in the country call it the front room and that's when you know- I think the front room was about half living room and half bedroom It was just a room that they didn't use much and that's where they Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: You know it's- #1 I- # Interviewer: #2 Yeah # 387: I always thought of the front room as being one that was co- closed off in the winter Interviewer: Yeah 387: And just used- you know- for company Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: {D:and all} Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: But I But I really don't know if- Interviewer: Yeah 387: Around here It's gotten to where most folks call it the liv- you know- the living room and- {NW} and then I used to think of them as being synonymous but now a lot of folks are you know- Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: Don't even have a living room They just have a den and so they're getting away from that Interviewer: Right I see You were talking about your house being a- an older house is it one of these houses with a high ceiling 387: Uh-huh yeah Interviewer: About how high roughly would you say those ceilings are 387: They are ten feet Interviewer: Ten feet 387: Mm-hmm Interviewer: Okay Does this house uh- have a fire place in it or #1 does it have a- # 387: #2 Oh yeah # It's got about seven or eight of them Interviewer: Mm-hmm Did you ever build a fire in a fire place 387: Not in this one- of course we haven't- we- we haven't been there but a couple of months #1 But uh- # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: And- and I don't think- I don't know if they're going to be suitable enough They were built I think for coal grates And they're pretty Interviewer: Yeah 387: Pretty small But in my mother's house we have a fire all the time #1 just- # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # Tell me how you build a fire in a fire place 387: Oh goodness #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 387: {NW} #1 Well- # Interviewer: #2 We're really just after # 387: #1 Oh yeah # Interviewer: #2 the parts of a fire place # 387: Oh We always- at- at my mother's house she al- {NW} I go by just about every day in the winter {X} #1 and she has some # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: some andirons in there or fire dogs #1 and- # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: And uh- {NW} I put- Some paper in there and kindling and then some smaller wood and just- light it and- put it on there- Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: Hardly ever have any trouble Interviewer: Mm-hmm Do you have a name for the big piece of wood that you set on the andirons 387: The back log #1 Is that what you're getting at # Interviewer: #2 Yeah # 387: #1 {X} Yeah uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 387: Called the- Interviewer: Uh-huh 387: You know- the back log Interviewer: Sure Now you mentioned kindling Have you ever heard people around here refer to that kind of wood as lightered or light wood 387: I've heard it but very seldom Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: Very seldom They just don't call that much around here Interviewer: Mm-hmm The- The usual term is kindling 387: {NW} It's kindling around here Now- {NW} I don't- It- it might even {D:mesh up} My grandfather that was the preacher He used to tell me about- When he was raised in Lamar county they called it kindling and he was telling about one time- I think the first church he- that he was ever assigned to was in Limestone county in north Alabama and he was telling about how cold it was It was in a little community called {X} and he- and they didn't have- and they didn't call it kindling there they called it lightered #1 he said # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: And it was- and he felt like it- they didn't have much pine there and so they just used any- #1 Anything soft they could find # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # Mm-hmm #1 Sure sure # 387: #2 Thought I'd throw that in # But no you just don't really hear it that much They call it kindling around here Interviewer: Okay Did uh- 387: Or pine or pine knots #1 that's # Interviewer: #2 right # Sure Okay What about something uh- right above the fire place where you might have pictures or- 387: The mantel #1 Is that what you're getting at # Interviewer: #2 Yes mm-hmm # 387: #1 Mm-hmm that's what I call it the- # Interviewer: #2 Okay # Alright what about the thing that uh- the smoke goes out of You just call that a- 387: The chimney Interviewer: Mm-hmm You ever seen any around here that were made out of stick and dirt or- any- uh material like that in older houses 387: No I've never seen one of those Interviewer: {X} #1 Seen pictures of them in the {D:Fox Fire book} # 387: #2 Yeah # Interviewer: #1 but I've never seen one of those # 387: #2 Right uh-huh # Interviewer: Okay {NW} Did you have uh- an open area right in front of the fire place It might have been bricked over or something like that 387: The hearth #1 Is that what you're getting at # Interviewer: #2 Yeah right # 387: Yeah that's always talk of the- Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: talk of the hearth Interviewer: Okay {NW} Now inside of the fire place after you've burned a lot of wood you'll get this residue left #1 those would just be # 387: #2 Mm-hmm # Soot Or ashes Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay I'm after a phrase here just for pronunciation talking about ashes if they were gray become gray ashes If they were white you would call them 387: Never heard any distinction #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Well it- # it's just a real simple pronunciation uh phrase different pronunciation if they were gray you'd call them gray ashes if they were white you'd call them 387: White ashes Interviewer: #1 Yeah that's the phrase {X} # 387: #2 {NW} oh okay # Interviewer: A lot of this is- uh- just designed to elicit #1 pronunciation and grammar # 387: #2 Yeah yeah okay # Interviewer: #1 So I'm saying {X} # 387: #2 Sure # Interviewer: Okay When you think about uh- a living room what are some of the typical things that you think about being in a living room 387: Oh I always think of a sofa and a- couple of big easy chairs and- Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: Uh- {NW} I al- I always thought of the television as being in the- as being in the living room #1 but now # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: I sort of think of On the living- and there not being in the living room and the television being in a den #1 So # Interviewer: #2 Yeah right # 387: But that's what I always think of and- Interviewer: Mm-hmm Sure Okay You mentioned sofa Have you ever heard any other words for sofa #1 around here # 387: #2 oh- # Couch #1 Hear # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: Hear it called couch I don't- Couch and sofa are just {NW} probably- about equal but- Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: but hardly anything else #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # Okay {NW} What about typical things that you find in the bedroom 387: Oh you find a bed dresser chest of drawers and maybe a night stand Interviewer: Okay what's the difference between a dre- a dresser and a {D:chest of drawers} 387: I always think of the dresser as having a mirror on it and being shorter than the chest of drawers Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: And uh- {NS} {NW} {NS} #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 The {D:chest of drawers} # would just be entirely uh drawers #1 with no mirror or anything like that # 387: #2 drawers with no mirror that's what I think of- # Interviewer: Yeah I see okay What about the place where you'd hang your clothes that would be a- 387: Closet Interviewer: Yeah Are you familiar with any sort of freestanding uh- um- thing that's all hanging space #1 no doors # 387: #2 Yeah # Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm # 387: #2 A chifforobe or # Or a robe #1 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: That's what I Interviewer: What was that last word you said 387: Just a robe #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Robe # 387: Mm-hmm Heard people call them chifforobes and robes Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: And then uh- What else is the- do they call them- it's a- armoire Interviewer: Yeah 387: I think they get to be armoires when #1 folks would get more {X} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 387: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Right sure # {NW} Is that the same thing as a wardrobe are you- #1 do you know that word # 387: #2 Yeah oh yeah # Yeah that's the same thing as a wardrobe Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay 387: Or that's what I always Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: Understood it to be Interviewer: Alright all these things that we've been talking about like chairs and sofas um- a general word for it would be 387: Furniture Interviewer: Sure You ever heard the people around here use the word plunder to mean furniture #1 Maybe a few old timers # 387: #2 Never have but I'll remember # Interviewer: Or somebody like that #1 {X} # 387: #2 Never have but I'll remember # Interviewer: Okay fine {NW} The things that you have over your windows to keep out the sunlight you would call them 387: Curtains Interviewer: Okay Do you know the things that uh- are on rollers that you pull down 387: Shades Interviewer: Those are shades and then there are the things that are #1 adjustable # 387: #2 {NW} # Blinds Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay Do you have a place in your house right underneath the top of the house that you might use for a storage area 387: Yeah the- the attic Interviewer: Mm-hmm Any other word for that 387: A lot of folks call it the loft Interviewer: Yeah Would you use that word 387: Mm no I always say attic #1 Just never # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # Does- do you wor- do you use the word loft at all in reference to anything 387: No I always think of a loft in a barn #1 but I'm # Interviewer: #2 Yeah # 387: but I don't really know anything there except- you know- except it might be an upper- but I always think of a loft in a barn as just being an upper open part Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: where maybe something's stored or- Interviewer: Right okay and of course the place where you prepare the food that's just a- 387: Kitchen Interviewer: Yeah Around here uh- in older houses have you ever seen the- the kitchen built away from the main part of the house 387: I've seen it in several things and I have a friend that's got one except all the ones I've seen {NS}. Excuse me {NS} Interviewer: Can you tell me about the kitchen 387: Oh Interviewer: built away from the house 387: The only kitchens that I've seen {NW} Not- you know- away from the house {NW} have now either been enclosed by a hallway or something in a- some people make it a little dining area others use it for storage or they've either abandoned the old kitchen #1 and it's just an outside storage house # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: and they- #1 put a modern kitchen inside # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # Mm-hmm I see But you haven't heard any particular names for that kind of kitchen that's built away from the house #1 like # 387: #2 Mm # Interviewer: summer kitchen or something like that 387: I may have heard that phrase but I don't- #1 I don't # Interviewer: #2 Yeah # 387: I don't recall anything other than just- #1 the kitchen # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # Sure okay What about a room that's built uh- just off the kitchen where you might keep canned goods or extra dishes 387: A pantry Interviewer: Mm-hmm alright And you mentioned this when you were describing your house a lot of old worthless things that you have like a broken down chair that you might not want to throw away You say you just have a lot of 387: Junk Interviewer: Yeah #1 And an area # 387: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: where you would keep that stuff #1 The uh- # 387: #2 Uh- # Interviewer: A room you set aside in the house 387: #1 Just a junk room maybe # Interviewer: #2 junk room sure okay # 387: Some- I've- some people say storage room {D:We all} #1 I say junk room # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # Mm-hmm Okay 387: I've- I've sort of- said it's a place to hide paint brushes #1 and paint cans and everything # Interviewer: #2 {NW} sure # Okay {NS} I'm going to ask you about this uh- {NS} expression {NS} say if a woman gets up in the morning and she moves around the house maybe she dusts a little uh- maybe she straightens something- you know What would you say she's doing 387: Cleaning up Interviewer: Mm-hmm Okay {NW} And if she's sweeping the thing that she would use you would just call that a 387: Broom Interviewer: Yeah Now talking about the broom if I were looking for it and if it was in a corner and the door was open #1 so that I couldn't see it # 387: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: In relation to the door you'd say the broom was 387: Behind the door Interviewer: Yeah You ever use uh- the phrase back of the door #1 Back of # 387: #2 Mm # Interviewer: rather than behind 387: No I really don't Interviewer: Mm-hmm Okay 387: I've heard that um- but not very often Interviewer: Mm-hmm alright Have you ever heard your- your parents or your grandparents maybe talk about just specific chores that were done- done on certain uh- days of the week One particular day for doing particular activities 387: I've heard them- the only thing- I've heard them talk about wash day Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: But I don't know which day that was Uh- {NS} {X} I've heard a lot- you know- a lot of folks talk and- especially the older folks- talk about the Saturday night #1 baths and everything # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: #1 but my grandfather said they took a bath every day # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # Yeah So that's a myth about bathing 387: #1 Well as far as he was concerned it was # Interviewer: #2 Yeah {NW} # Right okay What would you- what would you say you were doing if you had a- um- you know- if all your dirty clothes had accumulated {NS} and you needed to clean them you'd say 387: I'm- I was washing them Interviewer: yeah and to get the wrinkles out you'd be 387: Ironing Interviewer: Yeah Do you have one word that would cover that sort of activity 387: I- Maybe laundering #1 or cleaning # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 387: But I never use the word laundering I say I take my shirts to the laundry to get them #1 you know cleaned # Interviewer: #2 Do you ever say anything like # I've got to do my laundry 387: No I don't but I've heard that quite a bit Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: #1 Doing the wash # Interviewer: #2 Okay # Right alright {NW} Uh- Your house I- I've asked if it has one of these places right out front you know where you might have a swing or- 387: Mm-hmm Interviewer: Some chairs 387: That's a porch Interviewer: Yeah On this house does the porch end at the front of the house or does it- you know- go along the sides 387: No it- it's- it's on the front only it doesn't curve around Interviewer: Yeah Are you familiar with that kind #1 that goes around the house # 387: #2 Oh yeah # Interviewer: #1 # 387: #2 # Interviewer: Does it have any other name than porch or- {NS} 387: {NS} Heard of wrap around porch is all Interviewer: Okay {NS} 387: {NS} Excuse me Interviewer: A wrap around porch 387: I heard {NS} {NW} I- I feel like you're getting to verandas is that what- Interviewer: True mm-hmm 387: I- You just never hear that here or just- or I never have Interviewer: Yeah 387: I may have heard one- you know- one or two people #1 but you see it and # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: #1 I think they read it in a magazine somewhere # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # Sure What about gallery for porch 387: Never heard of that at all Interviewer: Okay {NW} So talking about the porch you would uh- climb up the what to get from the front yard to the porch 387: The steps Interviewer: Yeah now inside if you're going to the second floor you'd go up the 387: Stairs Interviewer: Stairs inside okay {NW} This expression if I walked in your living room and left the door open and you didn't want it to stay that way you'd tell me to do what 387: Close the door Interviewer: Okay anything besides that 387: A lot of people say shut but I always use the word close Interviewer: Is there any difference in the two phrases to you like- {NW} As far as politeness goes maybe 387: I think close would be the more- the- {NW} the more polite Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: phrase of the two Interviewer: Okay 387: Although I don't think there's really anything you know- I don't know of anybody that would take any offense #1 if they were told to shut the door # Interviewer: #2 to shut the door yeah # {NW} okay fine {NW} Uh frame houses the way their constructed on the outside you know- so that the boards kind of #1 lap over each other like this # 387: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: {NW} You know a name for that kind of construction 387: Weather board Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay {NW} I'm gonna ask you how you'd use the word drive for example I might say that I'm gonna get in my car and- to town 387: I- I always say go Interviewer: Mm-hmm Okay {NW} I wanna particularly investigate this- #1 this verb though # 387: #2 Yeah # Interviewer: If you were going to use the word- the word drive you would say I got in my car and I- 387: #1 Oh and I drove to town # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # And if you've done a lot of it lately you'd say I've- #1 a hundred # 387: #2 I- # #1 I've driven a hundred miles # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # I sure'd have liked to 387: Drive Interviewer: Right okay alright Getting back to the house uh the part that covers the entire top that would be the 387: Roof Interviewer: Okay {NW} On the roof are you familiar with these things uh right on the edge that are constructed to carry off rain water 387: Gutters Interviewer: Gutters yeah alright {NW} And some houses that have uh oh different slopes of the roof A place where two different slopes would meet say- #1 this area right here # 387: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: Do you have a name for that 387: Valley Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay Could that ever be called a gutter around here 387: Uh I guess it could be- I've- I don't- I've never heard that I've got some- some things on my house that- that there aren't- there are almost a lot of old houses- they're- they're built in gutters but they're nothing other than that just a- they're an indention in the roof #1 it's # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 387: They're on a flat roof Interviewer: Mm-hmm I see So usual term around here would be valley far as you 387: For- for- yeah mm-hmm I think so Interviewer: Alright {NW} What about a little building you might have uh- in your back yard or if {D:you're} on a farm uh- around the farm house where you might store uh- keep your tools things like that 387: Garage Interviewer: Okay Any other type of little building for storage 387: #1 A lot of folks call it a barn # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 387: But I never refer to it as a barn. Interviewer: Do you think of a barn as being a pretty large building 387: I think- I think of a- of a barn not only as being large but as being out in the country #1 and s- # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: #1 place where- # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 387: you know #1 I always- # Interviewer: #2 You wouldn't expect to find a barn in # 387: #1 In town that's right # Interviewer: #2 {X} yeah # Uh-huh {NW} Do you know the word shed 387: Mm-hmm I always think of a shed as being an addition to a garage or a- or a barn A place on the side of it that's supported on one side by the- #1 by the main structure # Interviewer: #2 Oh I see # It's not free-standing then 387: I- I never think of a shed as being- being free-standing Interviewer: Mm-hmm Okay {NW} Around here before people had indoor plumbing what about toilet facilities 387: {NW} They had an outhouse Interviewer: Mm-hmm You ever heard any other terms for outhouse 387: Heard it called privy Interviewer: Mm-hmm #1 Okay # 387: #2 but- # But hardly anything else Interviewer: Alright Okay Talking about the- the farm when you think of a farm around here what are some of the typical buildings that come to mind 387: Think of the house and a barn and I always think of the well house Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: Little house where the pump is Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: Some people call it the pump house #1 I always call it the well house # Interviewer: #2 so # th- there was some structure uh- built over the well then in this part of the country 387: There is now because it's- you- need to protect the pump from freezing #1 in the winter time # Interviewer: #2 Right mm-hmm # Yeah I see {NS} 387: In the past there'd- there'd- a lot of times there wouldn't be anything but a- but a gutter I mean but a curb Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: And then a- a- a little stri- you know- something to hold the {X} pull the- Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: bucket up with Interviewer: Yeah I see {NW} What about uh- a- a building where you might keep grain or corn 387: I don't- people call that the crib but I don't- {NW} I don't e- I've never had any dealings at all with that Interviewer: Not too- #1 you're not personally familiar with {X} # 387: #2 No uh-uh # Interviewer: #1 {X} # 387: #2 But people call # I hear people talk of the crib Interviewer: Mm-hmm {NW} Another building for- for grain in general do people around here ever use the word granary or granary {C: ae first, eI second} 387: Never heard anybody use that Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: I never have Interviewer: Alright Uh what about the word silo 387: #1 Oh yeah # Interviewer: #2 {D:Mean} anything to you # 387: Oh yeah A silo's the large uh- cylinder shaped uh- it's- it's for storing silage it's- Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm yeah # 387: #2 Uh- # Souring lea- Uh- stalks and leaves Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm # 387: #2 I always think of corn as being # Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm # 387: #2 silage # but it's put in there to sour and to- Interviewer: Right 387: feed the cattle with Interviewer: Okay {NW} This word just for pronunciation the word house uh- but plural would be say three or four 387: Houses Interviewer: Sure okay {NW} what- talking about uh- hay after the hay's cut if a farmer's not gonna bale it right away he just might pile it up into these big old things what would you call that 387: I'd call it a shock Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: But I don't think many other folks around here would Interviewer: What do you suppose other people would call it 387: I think most of them would just call it a pile of hay #1 I don't think they'd have any name for it # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # What about hay stack 387: I hardly ever- I- hardly ever heard that word except in nursery rhymes Interviewer: Yeah do you see the things around here much hay piled up like that 387: No {NW} Hardly ever becau- but I- You see these round bales is all I- You #1 I- # Interviewer: #2 Kind of wrapped up like a rug # 387: Uh-huh #1 well- # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 387: It's a- it's just wrapped up into a large bale oh maybe eight or nine feet high #1 or eighty-nine- # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: eight or nine feet in diameter Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: Hardly ever see it- see it piled up except when they rake it and bale it that- you just- Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm # 387: #2 it's # Interviewer: Mm-hmm So they still call them bales although they're not those the ones that you used to see #1 the kind of rectangular shaped ones # 387: #2 Yeah uh- # Well they still do that a lot too but I- Yeah they- I think they do call it bales even- either one of them Interviewer: Mm-hmm Okay {NW} Around here can you have a shelter for hay if you just want to put it in the barn you might just uh- have some kind of structure like four poles and a roof that you'd stick it under 387: I don't know about that I- I- you might I- I don't know any- any name I always hear people talk of the hay barn Interviewer: Yeah but that's a fully enclosed uh- 387: I always think of- think of it as being fully- you know- Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm # 387: #2 being fully enclosed # Interviewer: Yeah Okay Alright {NW} Does the word windrow mean anything to you {NS} 387: No Interviewer: #1 Okay fine # 387: #2 {X} # Interviewer: That's alright {NS} {NS} Alright uh- {NS} Let's see what about buildings where uh- your animals would be kept like- would you have any kind of special barns for the cows 387: Uh {NS} No I don't think so- I always- I always think of the- you know- where animals are as being the barn Interviewer: Yeah 387: But uh- If it were chickens I always think of it being the chicken house Interviewer: Sure 387: #1 Or the hen house # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Right Do you know cow barn You ever heard that around here 387: I've heard it but I always think a cow barn {NS} as being a place where they're- where they're taken {NS} To be sold Interviewer: Mm-hmm I see 387: #1 That's # Interviewer: #2 Kind of a # like at an auction 387: That- yeah that's a good- #1 that's exactly # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Okay 387: I heard the ha- cow barn or the horse barn or the pig barn uh- but I always think of that as being the Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: Place where they're- uh- you know- #1 where they're sold # Interviewer: #2 yeah # Would there be- you mentioned horses- would there be a- a- shelter or building for horses on the farm other than the place where they're sold 387: Maybe the stable #1 would be all # Interviewer: #2 stable # 387: But I always think of the stable As being sort of a corral inside the barn I don't think of the stable as being a- as being a- Interviewer: #1 a separate # 387: #2 a separate building # Interviewer: Yeah okay {NW} And on the farm the place where you keep your hogs at would be the {NS} 387: Just the pig pen #1 Or the hog pen # Interviewer: #2 Yeah # Yeah You ever heard of a- of a hog pen that had a concrete floor 387: Few years ago the made them They made them Uh they- some- I don't understand all that #1 of course not being in the # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: #1 in the hog business but- # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 387: {NS} Somebody had some sort of regulations I'm sure the- some government regulation that- that pigs to be sold if they were to be sold in- in the market they had to be raised on concrete and- and any food or slop that they were fed had to be cooked twice but I think that that's done away with uh- I think a few folks maybe- maybe did it but it turned out to be- {NS} you know- it took more capital than they had and it just took more- you know- it was just more than they could afford to- #1 to do it and- # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: and I think that was probably- I think the supply really got low and that's why they probably abandoned the regulation Interviewer: Yeah you ever heard of a hog parlor {NS} 387: Only- I've heard of it but the only reason I've heard of it is reading cases it's referred to in the real old cases #1 on- # Interviewer: #2 {D:Is that right} # 387: when you're talking about nuisances #1 {D:is} hog parlor # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh # {NW} Okay {NW} Uh- What about a place where a farmer would milk his cows 387: I always think of that as being the milking barn Interviewer: The milking barn okay but no place outside where they'd be milked 387: Mm no Never. Interviewer: Okay {NW} Are they any farms around here where uh- just milk cows are raised 387: Oh yeah {X} dairy Interviewer: Mm-hmm Yeah {NW} What about uh- this situation in days before people had uh- uh- uh- refrigeration what did they do about perishables like milk and butter 387: They- they put it in the well and that's what I understand Interviewer: You ever heard of them putting it maybe in the stream or 387: #1 Putting it in a spring yeah # Interviewer: #2 uh moving {X} water # 387: Mm-hmm But Interviewer: Keep it cold 387: But so many times {NS} you know- that wasn't as convenient as a well if they had one #1 of course # Interviewer: #2 yeah # 387: the wells in those days were dug rather than drilled like they are now they were big enough to put it down in there Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: and uh- but in a- most folk- you know- most folks just didn't want to have to walk to a stream even if they were you know- even if they lived very close to it #1 it was still # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: pretty good little- you know- Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: a walk to #1 get it out # Interviewer: #2 yeah # I see 387: But not very much of that mostly folks put it in the well Interviewer: {NW} You ever heard of people digging out a place somewhere to store their potatoes in the winter time maybe cover them with dirt and corn shucks 387: I've just read about that I've never heard of anybody around here doing it Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay fine The open area around a barn on the farm where the animals would be- be free to walk around what would you call that place 387: The lot Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay now the place where your cattle graze what would you call that 387: The pasture Interviewer: Yeah now when you think of a pasture do you think of it as being open or fenced in 387: Well I think of it being fenced Interviewer: Mm-hmm What kind of fencing would be used around here 387: Barbed wire Interviewer: Do you have names for any other kind of wired fencing 387: Uh hog wire and chicken wire but uh- the hog wire as being the- the- wire that's probably oh four or six inches and the holes in it are four or six inches square and the chicken wire maybe a- it's- it- the holes more round maybe an inch in Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: diameter Interviewer: Yeah okay What about wooden fencing around here 387: Only wooden fencing around here is decorative I think just- around uh- be just around somebody's house just enclosing their yard- just be- I think decorative fencing Of course they use wooden posts you know with the barbed wire quite a bit but- Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: But not You never see any wooden fences Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: I don't ever remember seeing anything {D:like that} Oth- other than decorative fences Interviewer: Do you have a name for this particular kind of decorative fencing you know that comes to a point #1 it's usually painted white # 387: #2 Mm-hmm # A picket fence Interviewer: Picket fence yeah Does uh paling fence mean anything to you 387: Mm no Interviewer: Okay what about the type of wooden fence that you make from split rails and it's in a zig zag sort of arrangement 387: I always- I've- a rail fence Interviewer: #1 Rail fence yeah # 387: #2 mm-hmm # Interviewer: You mentioned posts this is just for pronunciation but just one of them would be a 387: Post Interviewer: Okay {NW} What about in this part of the country do you ever see uh- walls or fences made out of loose stone or rock 387: Not- Not loose I don't think You'd see a rock wall sometime but it'd be cemented and usually for- around the house you know decorative Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay On- on another- on a farm where- the place where oh say cotton grows you would say cotton grows in a 387: Field Interviewer: Mm-hmm Is there any something different from a field maybe in size that you would call by some other name 387: Yeah maybe a small one would be a patch Interviewer: Yeah so the difference between patch and field is 387: #1 the size I think # Interviewer: #2 the size of it # but you could grow the same thing in a patch as you could in a field 387: Right I think so Interviewer: Okay Tell me about cotton was uh- cotton ever grown in this area 387: Oh yeah mm-hmm Quite a bit There's not much now but yeah it used to be {D:grown a lot} Interviewer: Mm-hmm {NW} What about uh- when you uh- worked the cotton have you heard any uh- specific terms used by people when they're talking about 387: Heard folks chopping cotton but I always thought and hoeing cotton Interviewer: Yeah 387: but I always thought of chopping as being the {NW} you know using the hoe and thinning it Interviewer: #1 Right # 387: #2 So # so it's not you know cutting a few plants out and leaving one every foot or whatever Then I've always thought of the hoeing as being- as cultivating Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: #1 Loosening the soil {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Okay 387: I don't know if that's right but that's the way I #1 understood it # Interviewer: #2 Alright # Good to know {NW} What about some of the- the grass that uh- gives trouble in a cotton field #1 {X} # 387: #2 That's weeds # Interviewer: Okay any special kind of weed that uh you have trouble with around here 387: #1 Johnson grass probably # Interviewer: #2 Yeah # Okay 387: Probably Johnson grass Interviewer: Alright I asked you about a few utensils things like that if you were going to uh uh get some water out of the well you'd take a what with you 387: Bucket Interviewer: Alright Now what if you're going to milk a cow what would you take 387: A bucket Interviewer: Alright You ever heard any other words used 387: Pail maybe but- but not very often around here Interviewer: #1 To you is there a difference # 387: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: between a bucket and a pail 387: I always think of a pail as being a bucket that's kept extra clean and used only for milking maybe you know a real shiny one but I don't know that there's any difference Interviewer: But bucket and pail could be made of the same thing 387: Oh yeah I think {D:that} Interviewer: Okay {NW} What about uh if your wife was having company uh talking about her best dishes what they're made of 387: #1 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 you can say they're made of # 387: {D: China} Interviewer: Alright uh have you ever hear of an egg being made out of {D:that} or something similar that a farmer would put in a hen's nest #1 to fool it into laying # 387: #2 Mm-hmm # I've heard of that But I don't know any name for it other than just an egg Interviewer: okay {NW} This is a phrase just for pronunciation again but talking about an egg like that that were made of plastic you call it plastic egg 387: #1 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 If it were made of china you'd call it a # 387: China egg Interviewer: Okay This is another type of container that uh women kept around the kitchen to throw scraps in for the hogs 387: A slop bucket Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay What would you use if you were going to fry an egg or fry a piece of ham 387: Frying pan Interviewer: Okay any other words for this 387: Skillet Interviewer: Okay Ever heard of one that had legs that was used for cooking in the fire place 387: A- a skillet pot Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: No the only thing that that I've heard used in the you know in the fire place would be a dutch oven {D:now} Interviewer: Dutch oven {D:yeah} 387: #1 Course it'd have a- # Interviewer: #2 {X} # deeper than a skillet or- 387: It's- yeah- it's deeper. I think of it being more like a kettle but it has a top and it- and it'd have a- sort of a the- the top t- would be sort of concave so it'll hold cold. #1 and # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: I think that's what I think of- or have a lip around the edge anyway so they wouldn't just fall off that's what I think of it as. Interviewer: Yeah {X} Uh You ever heard the word spider used uh to mean a skillet with legs 387: No #1 never have # Interviewer: #2 never heard that okay # You mentioned kettle now would you ever use the word kettle to describe one of these great big old black vessels you see sitting in people's front yards out in the country 387: I wouldn't No uh I don't- I'm- I never have heard that I don't think Interviewer: What would you call that 387: A wash pot Interviewer: Wash pot alright This is a container that you would uh use to um display cut flowers in 387: #1 A vase # Interviewer: #2 inside # Alright and the names of the individual pieces that you use when you're eating a meal #1 those would be # 387: #2 uh # I always say the silver Interviewer: Okay What about each individual piece 387: The knife and the spoon and the fork Interviewer: Okay and knife the plural would be 387: Knives Interviewer: Okay Uh Say that you've eaten a meal and the dishes are dirty you say you have to do what #1 to the dishes # 387: #2 wash the dishes # Interviewer: Okay and to get the soap suds off #1 you have to # 387: #2 rinse them # Interviewer: Okay Do you have a name for the piece of cloth or rag that you use when you're washing the dishes 387: I always call it the dish rag Interviewer: Okay what about the one that you use when you're drying them 387: The dish towel Interviewer: Okay and the thing that you would use to bathe your face with when you're taking a bath 387: I say wash rag Interviewer: Okay and the big one that you dry off with 387: The towel Interviewer: Alright In your kitchen the thing right over the sink that the water comes out of do you have a name for that 387: I call it the faucet Interviewer: Alright Now outside the thing that you'd hook a garden hose up to what about that 387: I call that the faucet too Interviewer: Okay you know these portable water containers uh- that you might take fishing #1 or whatever # 387: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: There's usually a thing that you press or something that the water would come out of do you have a name for that 387: I don't ever use anything I guess I'd- I guess that would be the spigot Interviewer: Okay fine Alright this verb I'm after say it's winter time and you uh turn on the water in the morning but nothing comes out you might say well great I'll bet the pipe's 387: Frozen Interviewer: Okay and they might actually 387: They might bust Interviewer: #1 Okay # 387: #2 I say bust # Interviewer: Alright 387: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Bust # Uh this is another container that people used years and years ago uh to ship a lot of flour in 387: Barrel Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm sure # 387: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: #1 # 387: #2 # Interviewer: What about something that looks like a barrel except it's smaller about 387: That'd be a nail {D: kick} #1 That's what I say # Interviewer: #2 Sure okay # 387: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # Do you have a name for those uh metal things that go around the barrel and hold the staves in place 387: I'd- just- hoop Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay the plural would be several 387: #1 Hoops # Interviewer: #2 oh okay # This is something that you would put in a a narrow mouth bottle if you were oh bottling wine or some kind of liquid to keep it from spilling that would be a 387: {NW} Top Interviewer: #1 {X} # 387: #2 Cap # Interviewer: You'd use a uh okay let's go ahead and go with that I needed that one anyway just wasn't what I was after but what you would put in it to keep it from spilling out that would be a 387: Oh a stopper #1 if you put it in {D:there} uh-huh okay # Interviewer: #2 Yeah right uh-huh # What would you think of that stopper as being made out of 387: Cork Interviewer: Okay and this other thing I talked about uh let's see {NS} {X} a little sketch kind of looks like this you know That would be a what 387: Funnel Interviewer: Yeah right that's what I {NS} alright and this something that you would uh crack around the horse's ears to get them to go faster if you were driving a buggy 387: A whip Interviewer: Mm-hmm alright 387: {NS} Excuse me {X} {NS} Interviewer: Alright let's see If you were in the grocery store uh after you've made your purchase the grocery boy would put your purchase in a what 387: Sack Interviewer: Okay What would it be made out of 387: Paper Interviewer: Alright Now what if you wanted to buy something like twenty-five pounds of flour what would that come in 387: It'd come in a- what I call a flour sack Interviewer: Okay What about a- something that's uh- like that that's made out of a coarse rough material that uh- 387: It'd be a tow sack Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm # 387: #2 Or a burlap sack # Tow sack mostly Interviewer: You ever hear the- have you ever heard that called a croaker sack 387: Mm-hmm #1 Not quite as much as tow sack # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 387: but I have heard that called {NS} crocker sack Interviewer: Alright fine Say if a farmer were uh {D:carrying} some corn to the mill to be ground just talking about the amount that he could take at one time you'd say he was taking a what 387: A load Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm # 387: #2 I guess # I can't- Interviewer: Okay fine Do you know the word turn used that way he's taking a turn of corn 387: Mm-mm no I don't Never heard that Interviewer: Okay fine In a- in a lamp The thing that you screw in the lamp that provides the light that's just a 387: Bulb Interviewer: Yeah would you ever use two words to describe that 387: Light bulb Interviewer: Sure fine And this is something that uh you'd probably use to take wet clothes out to the yard to hang them up on the line 387: A- a basket Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay And let's see This is a musical instrument that you play with your mouth and you move it like so 387: Harmonica #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Right # 387: I- {NS} lot of people here call it a harp Interviewer: Harp yeah You ever heard it called a French harp around here 387: Heard of a French harp but I don't know exactly I- I think that's a little bit different #1 supposed to be # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # Okay What about- this is another musical instrument that you play with your mouth but you kind of pluck it 387: Yeah that's a Jew's harp Interviewer: Mm-hmm alright 387: Around here that's a juice harp #1 they call it # Interviewer: #2 juice harp # 387: #1 I think I've # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # Okay {NW} Uh This is very common too what you'd use to beat nails with that would just be a 387: Hammer Interviewer: Right Going to ask you a few things about a wagon uh Do you know what you call the wooden piece that goes between the horses #1 on a wagon # 387: #2 I think that's the tongue # Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay Now if {D:you're on}- had a buggy if you were hitching the horses up to a buggy there are these two wooden arms that you back the animal between 387: #1 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 when you're hitching him up # Do you have a name for those 387: I- I've heard it but I don't know what that is I- Interviewer: Would sheds do that Would you ever use that 387: Heard that but that's not what I was- What I was thinking of uh I'm not sure what it was That's not what I was thinking of Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: I was thinking maybe tree but I'm not sure if that's right or not Interviewer: That might be related to something I'll ask you 387: Okay Interviewer: In just a second Alright very- uh on a wagon wheel the outside edge of the wheel you just call that the 387: #1 Uh the rim # Interviewer: #2 what of the wheel # Right Alright now this is might be what you were thinking about but on the wagon you know the trace chains 387: Mm-hmm Interviewer: On a wagon they come back and attach to this horizontal arm that moves like this to stabilize the wagon #1 Now do you have a name for that # 387: #2 Now that's the single trail {X} # Interviewer: Yeah right 387: #1 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 okay # Was that what you were thinking about 387: #1 No {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 387: uh-uh that's not I'm- I just can't think of what I'm was thinking of But I'm- I- the reason I saw some of those in a in an old #1 antique place out here the other day # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: and something in- the mail was calling them something I can't remember what it was Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: I just can't remember what they Interviewer: {X} #1 {X} # 387: #2 {X} # Interviewer: What about uh- talking about a singletree if you have two horses and each one has a singletree they were both to be attached to a larger one What would that be called 387: A double singletree {X} Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay Alright this {D:expression}- {D:Say folk} a farmer goes by in his wagon and he's got a- a load of wood and it- and uh- shortly he comes back with an empty wagon and then a little later he comes back with another load you know this just goes on all day what would you say he's doing 387: Cutting wood Interviewer: Alright specifically the process of- 387: #1 He's hauling wood # Interviewer: #2 yeah # Right okay Alright now How you'd use the word drag let's say if I had a trunk that was too heavy to pick up I might just say well I couldn't uh uh picked that thing up I just- across the floor 387: I- I'd say pull it Interviewer: #1 Okay # 387: #2 but # Interviewer: Now if you had to use some form of the word drag there it was too heavy to pick up I just 387: Drag it Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay If you did it yesterday you'd say yesterday I 387: Dragged it Interviewer: Okay I have- that thing all day 387: Dragged Interviewer: Okay I'm going to have to- 387: Drag Interviewer: Okay Alright getting back to uh the farm work on the farm uh a farmer would uh break the ground with a what 387: With a plow Interviewer: Mm-kay Do you know names for different kinds 387: Little bit uh I always talk of a turning plows Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: And then uh A cultivator is {X} Just- just to loosen it Interviewer: Mm-hmm Okay You ever heard things like middle busters or- 387: Uh-huh Interviewer: #1 Or {X} # 387: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 {X} # 387: #2 I always heard of # middle busters as- as- used mostly in in corn just to break the crust just run the- you know- run the middles and not- not really get weeds out from around the individual plants Interviewer: Right okay fine do you know of- a- another instrument similar to that that you use for breaking up the ground even finer after you plowed the first time 387: A disk maybe Interviewer: Okay any other word that would do that 387: Mm Interviewer: Okay do you know- do you know the word H-A-R-R- 387: Harrow Interviewer: Yeah 387: Mm yeah but I- I've never understood exactly what a harrow was Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: I always think- thought of a harrow- and I think I'm mistaken- as being sort of a cross between a plow and rake. #1 but I don't know how # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm yeah # 387: Maybe that's Interviewer: That's the- that's the way I #1 think of it too # 387: #2 I always think of a harrow # as getting- getting uh- the dirt clots out #1 and maybe getting them in a pile # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: #1 but I don't know if that's right or not # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm mm-hmm # Okay Alright talking about wagons the thing that runs underneath the wagon that the wheels are attached to that would j- #1 just be the- # 387: #2 the axle # Interviewer: Yeah okay What about- this is a- a kind of a wooden frame that a carpenter would use when doing his work of- it's got legs kind of like that {D:there a cross piece} 387: Saw horse Interviewer: Yeah mm-hmm Are you familiar with another type of uh- frame that {D:sort of} shaped like an X you could uh- brace a log right there in the middle you know for sewing it 387: Mm-hmm Interviewer: Do you have a name for that kind of thing 387: No I don't have any name at all for that Interviewer: Saw book or a wood rag uh- anything like that 387: I don't think I've ever heard of those Interviewer: Okay fine 387: But I- #1 I know what you're talking about I just # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: I never had to talk about that Interviewer: Alright Uh In the morning when you get up you would uh use either a comb or a what on your hair 387: Brush Interviewer: Okay The verb form you say you're going to 387: Brush or comb Interviewer: Alright What do call this uh- leather thing that men uh- used to use to sharpen a straight razors on 387: A strop Interviewer: Alright and this is something uh- {X} ammunition you would say that you fired a- a shell in a shotgun but you fired what in a pistol or a rifle 387: A cartridge Interviewer: Alright And this is something you probably played on when you were growing up a long board with one kid on one end and one on the other 387: That's a see-saw Interviewer: Okay What would you say you were doing 387: See-sawing Interviewer: Alright Now this is another thing that you played on except instead of going up and down it went round and round 387: I always called that a merry-go-round Interviewer: Mm-hmm {X} you ever heard of any other term for it {NS} 387: No I can't think of one Interviewer: What about flying jenny You ever heard of that 387: I've heard of that but I always thought of that as being a ride at a carnival Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: And I don't know if I ever knew exactly what it was Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay But you have heard of the term 387: Oh I've heard the term Interviewer: Yeah 387: But I always thought of that as being a big motorized- I mean a ride- you know- #1 a ride at the carnival # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: But I'm- I'm- Interviewer: Yeah 387: I never knew exactly which one it was Interviewer: Okay Since you have heard it could you just say it for me 387: Flying jenny Interviewer: Yes alright And this is something that's suspended from the limb of a tree 387: That's a swing Interviewer: Yes okay {NW} I think you mentioned the people around here used uh- coal for heating 387: {NW} Some Interviewer: Some did 387: I think it- I think more in the past now- I mean even just the past few years #1 maybe ten or fifteen years # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm mm-hmm # {NW} Uh Do you have any idea what you would call a container that you might keep next to the stove with some coal in it you know 387: A scuttle Interviewer: Mm-hmm Is that- does it have kind of a tapered uh- lip for pouring 387: #1 Uh- huh yeah # Interviewer: #2 or is it # 387: And it- it does It's- it- it opens wider at the top Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: and then has a- like you say- a lip for pouring Interviewer: Okay What would you call- talking about a coal burning stove the pipe that runs out the back of the stove that would just be a 387: The stove pipe Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay Now this is something that you would use in yard work it has a wheel out front and pick up on it 387: Wheelbarrow or wheelbarrow it's- {C: alternate pronunciation of wheelbarrow} Interviewer: #1 Okay # 387: #2 What # some folks say. Interviewer: Right What- what do you usually say 387: I say wheelbarrow Interviewer: Wheelbarrow 387: My daddy said wheelbarrow {C: alternate pronunciation of wheelbarrow}. Interviewer: Alright 387: Mm-hmm Interviewer: {NW} And this is something that you would hold in your hand kind of like a rock #1 to sharpen a knife on # 387: #2 That's a wet rock # Interviewer: Alright What about a bigger one that you would use to sharpen an axe on 387: I think that'd be a grinding wheel or an emery wheel. Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay 387: I always think that the- that the grinding wheel is operated by foot power and an emery wheel is on an electric motor #1 I don't know why I think that but that's just # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm yeah # Okay {NW} What about the- the vehicle that uh- you drive around in to get from place to place usually you would just call that a 387: Car Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay {NW} And say if uh your wife was going to- to bake a cake she would do what to the pan to make sure it wouldn't stick to it 387: Grease it Interviewer: Alright The past of that you'd say an hour ago she did what 387: Greased Interviewer: Alright if she gets it all over her fingers her fingers are very 387: Greasy Interviewer: Okay {NW} Say if uh- you drove your car into a service station and you wanted him to check it you would ask him to look up under the hood and check the 387: Oil Interviewer: Alright {NW} What about the- the fuel that people burned in uh uh lamps before they had electricity 387: It was kerosene Interviewer: Mm-hmm any other word for that that you know of 387: Everyone's probably heard people call it coal oil but not very much Interviewer: Mm-hmm #1 the usual term is kerosene # 387: #2 Kerosene # Interviewer: #1 Okay {NW} # 387: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: Around here have you ever heard of people making a- a makeshift lamp or a temporary lamp out of a- a bottle with some kerosene and- a rag for a wick 387: I've never heard of that I don't think Interviewer: Do you know the word flambeau used that way 387: I've heard of flam- the only thing I always think of flambeau as being the little round containers they use on the side- use to have on the side of the road and they would light them you know when they were you know construction projects Interviewer: I see okay 387: I always thought of that as being a flambeau Interviewer: Yeah I- uh would use the word smudge pot for something like that do you know about that term 387: I think a smudge pot as being a a big thing like a garbage can or a fifty-five gallon drum that they build a fire in in Florida to keep the oranges warm Interviewer: #1 Hmm in the orchards I see # 387: #2 that's what I think of it as # Interviewer: Hmm That's interesting Okay Uh The inside part of the tire that inflates you'd call that the inner 387: Tube Interviewer: Alright What about uh- this verb if you had a boat and you were going to check it out put it in the water the process of putting the boat in the water you say you're going to what the boat 387: Some people say launch Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm yeah # 387: #2 but I say # put the boat in the water Interviewer: Okay I was after launch #1 just for pronunciation # 387: #2 Uh-huh # Interviewer: Around here if you were going fishing on a pond or a lake what kind of boat would you see uh people using 387: A fishing boat Interviewer: Okay any other particular name for one 387: In the past year or two it's gotten to be bass boat #1 everybody # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: says bass boat but Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: But- but- I'd- I wouldn't say I- Think anything other than fishing boat Interviewer: Yeah {NW} do you have a special name for one that you have to use oars with it doesn't have a motor 387: No Interviewer: Like row boat 387: Heard that #1 but you know # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: I never say that and then never hear it Interviewer: Have you ever heard of any of these uh John boat bateau pirogue any of those 387: Heard of pirogue. I just #1 in songs and things # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm yeah # 387: #1 I always think of it as being a dug out canoe # Interviewer: #2 uh-huh right # Okay fine {NW} Alright say if your wife is going to make a dress of something she would carry with her a little square of cloth to match you know the material what would you call that 387: A sample Interviewer: Mm-hmm okay and this adjective if she's looking at dresses at a window she would say my goodness that sure is a- dress 387: Pretty Interviewer: {D:And the} comparative of that you would say oh this one's pretty but I think this one's even- 387: Prettier Interviewer: Okay {NW} and the thing that she wears around her waist when she works in the kitchen that would be a 387: Apron Interviewer: Alright and this thing right here with ink you would call it a 387: Pen Interviewer: Okay and you say a dime is worth what in terms of cents 387: Ten cents Interviewer: Okay {NW} and uh- you would keep a baby's diaper together with a 387: Pin Safety pin Interviewer: Okay and #1 some of these old houses out in the country you see # 387: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: that have these metal roofs 387: #1 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 that # metal is probably 387: Tin Interviewer: Okay Alright talking about clothing what would you say the man's three piece suit consists of 387: Uh trousers and a suit and a vest I mean trousers coat and a vest #1 Excuse me # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm okay # Any other terms for trousers #1 that men use around here # 387: #2 Pants # Interviewer: Pants okay 387: I always think of trousers as being dress pants and- Interviewer: Right okay Alright the- the verb bring how would you use that a delivery boy might uh come up to your house and say I've- you a package 387: #1 I brought you a package # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # Yesterday he 387: Brought Interviewer: Okay He's going to 387: Bring Interviewer: me another one okay Alright this uh- verb if I'm trying on some clothes I might say well uh that coat won't fit this year but last year it- perfectly 387: It fit perfectly Interviewer: Okay and if your old clothes are worn out say the ones that you wear to church you say you need to go to town to buy yourself a 387: Sunday clothes Interviewer: Okay or let's see #1 another way of getting {X} # 387: #2 A new suit # Interviewer: Yeah that's what I wanted exactly okay If you stuff a lot of things in your pockets your pockets begin to do what 387: Bulge Interviewer: Okay and this verb if you put a shirt in water that's too hot for it it's going to what 387: Fade #1 or shrink # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Right that's what I want uh you put it in the water and it did what 387: Shrunk Interviewer: Okay If you've done that several times you'd say every time I've done that the shirt has 387: Shrunk Interviewer: Okay Alright this expression if a girl is going out on a date and she's spending a lot of time in front of the mirror what would you say she's doing 387: Primping Interviewer: Okay now what if a boy's uh- doing the same thing he's getting ready to go out on a date what would you say about him 387: I'd probably just say he was getting ready Interviewer: Getting ready but you wouldn't say the boy's primping 387: No I always- no I don't think so Interviewer: Mm-kay fine What about the- the big thing that a woman carries all her things around 387: Purse Interviewer: Okay and uh- something that she might wear around her wrist that would be a 387: Bracelet Interviewer: Alright what about around her neck 387: Necklace. Interviewer: Alright What if it were uh- beads or pearls would you call it anything besides a necklace 387: Mm no other the- #1 other than just maybe beads or # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # {NW} Would you say just beads or would you say string of beads or pair of beads #1 any of those sound familiar # 387: #2 No uh-uh # Interviewer: #1 just beads # 387: #2 not at all # Mm-hmm Interviewer: Okay fine 387: I always say necklace myself Interviewer: Right alright uh these are things that men uh- might use to help keep their pants up they go over their shoulders those would be 387: Suspenders Interviewer: Yeah any other word you've heard 387: Heard them called galluses some Interviewer: Mm-hmm 387: But not very- not very much Interviewer: What sort of person do you associate that word galluses with uh 387: #1 Somebody old with a big old white handle bar mustache # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 387: {NW} Interviewer: Alright fine You ever heard them called braces 387: I've heard them called that but not very often not very- not very much Interviewer: Okay {NW} and the thing that you would use when it's raining to keep rain off of you that would be 387: Umbrella Interviewer: Yeah any other word for that 387: No Interviewer: What about parasol 387: I always think of parasol as being something that- more decorative than useful and if it was used for anything it'd be to keep the sun off Interviewer: Oh I see okay would women be more likely to use {NS} a parasol 387: Oh yeah I think they'd be {NS} the only ones excuse me {NS} Interviewer: Okay uh talking about making up a bed the last thing that goes on the bed that would be a 387: Bedspread Interviewer: You ever heard any old fashioned words for bedspread 387: Mm No I- Interviewer: What about counterpin or counterpane 387: Never heard those I don't believe Interviewer: Okay {NW} and you would rest your head on a 387: Pillow Interviewer: Alright something that's similar to a pillow except it- it's larger kind of like a big {D:roll} that you might find at the head of the bed 387: Bolster maybe Interviewer: Yeah mm-hmm Now this phrase if it's a particularly large bolster you might say it doesn't go just part way across the bed it goes 387: All the way Interviewer: Alright {NW} And there's something else you might have on a bed in wintertime for warmth they're usually patched together 387: Quilt Interviewer: Yeah {NW} #1 and a place that you would make up on a floor # 387: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: where a child would sleep that would be a 387: Pallet Interviewer: Okay {NW} getting back to the land uh this is an adjective you might use a farmer might say that uh he expects to get a big crop this year because the soil is very {NS} 387: Rich Interviewer: Okay another one that you might use there 387: #1 I can't think- # Interviewer: #2 begins with an F # the soil is very 387: Fertile Interviewer: Yeah 387: I don't ever use that one #1 {X} yeah # Interviewer: #2 Well okay it's just for pronunciation # What about a what would you call low lying land uh very good land that uh it's very productive might have had water on it at one time 387: Just #1 bottom land maybe # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm # 387: #1 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 Yeah okay # What about the land that's low lying grassland 387: {X}