Interviewer:  Okay. Last thing I asked you was about what you would call those things if you'd wear outside and you said they were what?
434:  Pants.
Interviewer:  Pants or if- if you work in them then they might be-
434:  Uh overalls or khakis.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. I bet you- you- I bet you {D: Zara} had to wash a lot of those things for you didn't ya?
434:  You tell 'em oh howdy.
Interviewer:  Oh.
Aux:  We'd get to-
434:  #1 He'd be used to it. #
Aux:  #2 {X} #
434:  He'd be used to it. Have to patch a lot {X} them old britches pick and cut and you know the knees opened way up.
Interviewer:  That's right.
434:  They put patches on the knees of them things.
Interviewer:  You know uh if you were trying on your clothes General you might be trying on a coat and you say well this coat- this coat won't fit this year but last year it- It what? It may not fit now but last year it-
434:  It fitted?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
434:  You lost weight didn't you?
Interviewer:  {NW}
434:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Uh. I- in my case I usually gain it. Yeah.
434:  And I'm losing.
Interviewer:  Is that right?
434:  That's right.
Interviewer:  Well I sure need to lose some myself.
434:  Shirts I used to cut {X} {D: in the of my overalls didn't I?}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. You know if uh- if you just come home from working {B} said that there was a package there for ya she might say that the delivery boy from the store- you know you ask how did it get here and she might say well the delivery boy did what?
434:  Eh- delivery boy delivered you your package?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  And you wouldn't {D: ask}.
Interviewer:  {NW} Yeah if uh- if all of your- if all my old clothes are worn out you- I might say that I need to go out and buy what?
434:  More clothes.
Interviewer:  More clothes or if I need something to go to- go to church in I need to buy a what?
434:  A new suit.
Interviewer:  That's right. If I have a- you know like a little kid likes to collect things and he just sticks them in his pocket and sometimes he gets so much stuff in his pockets that they just- do what?
434:  Stick out.
Interviewer:  They stick out or-
434:  And he a lose it.
Interviewer:  That's right.
434:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
434:  {D: Wait 'til they} get him to} pull out.
Interviewer:  Uh. Alright. Is there anything else that you might say say boy you sure got a lot of stuff in your pockets but look at 'em they just- Just what? Would you- would you ever say that they just bulge? {NS} Uh-huh.
434:  See I wouldn't know what to tell him.
Interviewer:  That he just empty those things out. If uh if {B} was uh gonna wash your shirt she might wash it in- in hot water and that thing might do what?
434:  {X}
Interviewer:  That's right. You had that ever happen to you?
434:  This shirt man I got some now draw it open can't get 'em down in under {D: leg} #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # I got some t-shirts like that myself. I know where you-
434:  {X} {X}
Interviewer:  {NW} Just all the way up huh? Oh no. Hmm. You know if uh- if {B} was gonna go out somewhere and she really wanted to- to be fancy about it you might say if she's gonna put on a lot of good clothes she- you'd say she sure does like to do what?
434:  Dress.
Interviewer:  That's right. If- if you were doing it would you say the same thing?
434:  Same thing.
Interviewer:  Same thing. What uh- what would you call it when uh- when women put on make-up? What would you say they're doing? You know putting all that stuff all over their face? Powder and all? What would you say they're doing?
434:  {X}
Interviewer:  {NW}
434:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Oh. What would you say uh- what would you say about a man you know he's in the bathroom and he's combing his hair and he's putting on cologne and all this sort of thing what would you say he's doing?
434:  He trying to look good and smell good.
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
434:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  Oh.
434:  See everybody want to look the best he can don't he?
Interviewer:  Would you e- would you ever say that a woman's making up or- or primping up or something like that? Say she's making herself up? Have you ever heard that?
434:  I never heard of it I don't think.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What do you call it uh- something that a- a woman might use to carry her coins in? Her change? What would you call that?
434:  A handbag?
Interviewer:  Okay. Would you- would you say- call anything smaller than a handbag? You know that might have a clasp on it that you keep small change in what would you call that?
434:  Pocketbook.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What uh- you know when women dress up they- they wear fancy things and sometimes they wear these things around their wrists what do you call those things?
434:  Bracelet?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Just uh- just all kinds of stuff they might have a bracelet on they might have something round their neck #1 what'd you- #
434:  #2 That's right. #
Interviewer:  what would you call that around their neck?
434:  Necklace.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Or uh- if it- if it had a lotta little things strung together on it what might that be? Ever heard it called a- a string of beads of something like that?
434:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Well I bet you've used one of these things before things that come down over your shoulders that hold your pants up? What do you call-
434:  Galluses.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. I think there's somebody at the door. Thing that you use to keep the rain off you when you go outside.
434:  Raincoat.
Interviewer:  Yeah or maybe something that you hold up.
434:  Parasol. Umbrella they called 'em.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-
Aux:  {X}
434:  Huh?
Aux:  Captain John.
434:  You see them?
Aux:  Uh-huh. {NS}
434:  {D: Take a left at your mailbox.} {NS}
Interviewer:  Okay. {NS} Why isn't that suppose to be staying on like that? Well. We were talking yesterday- I think the last thing we mentioned was uh- I asked you what you would hold up over your head when it was raining to keep the rain off of you and you said it would be a-
434:  Umbrella.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
434:  Yeah and they- peoples used to call it a parasol.
Interviewer:  Is that right? Is there any difference- I always thought when I said parasol that would be something that you would uh use just to keep the sun off of you but you use to keep the rain off too?
434:  That's right. Same thing that tearing the rain up.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What do you call when you lie down to go to sleep at night what do you call the thing that you rest your
434:  #1 Pillow. #
Interviewer:  #2 head on? # Uh-huh. Have you ever seen a- a bigger one than that that might go all the way across the- the bed?
434:  I have seen that. I don't know what they call that now that's- I've seen {D: the thing} What?
Aux:  Bolster.
434:  Bolster.
Aux:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Is that right?
434:  All the way cross I think about it a few times I would've had my wife fixing to use those ones. {D: Those are the feelings you get.} #1 {NW} #
Aux:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  It's nice to have a big soft pillow isn't it?
434:  That's right. That's right.
Interviewer:  A lot more comfortable. What do you call the last thing that you put on a bed it might be kind of a fancy topcover-
434:  Spread.
Interviewer:  Spread.
Aux:  Counterpane.
Interviewer:  Is uh- you ever heard that called anything else other than a spread?
Aux:  Counterpane.
434:  What?
Aux:  Counterpane.
434:  Counterpane.
Aux:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Ever heard that? Countpane?
434:  Sure I've heard it.
Interviewer:  Is uh- is that something that's usually-
434:  #1 Spread- #
Interviewer:  #2 homemade? #
434:  on your bed.
Interviewer:  Is it usually homemade?
434:  Uh you can buy- they used to buy 'em I reckon they or have made something bed spread- What was that you made? Bed spreads?
Aux:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Well it might be something like a- a bedcover that's more old-fashioned and made out of- made out of scraps what would you call something like that?
434:  Quilt. Piece up a quilt made outta scraps.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Have you ever heard a quilt called anything else?
434:  Never have.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Those are big and heavy and-
434:  That's right.
Interviewer:  Things that you-
Aux:  {X}
Interviewer:  Uh. What about- have you ever seen a- you might have some company. You might have some little children that you're gonna have to put up for the night. What do you call that thing that you can put out on the floor?
434:  Pallet.
Interviewer:  Yeah. It's kind of a- {X}
434:  That's right.
Interviewer:  Something like that? Yeah. If uh- if you expected a- to get a big yield from a field that you planted in corn uh you say that for the field produces a lot you ma- the soil must be what? it has to be very- Soil has to be- What would you say?
434:  Deep soil.
Interviewer:  Yeah it would have to be- It'd have to be deep soil. {X} Alright.
434:  Rich soil.
Interviewer:  Would you ever say that it's very fertile? Wouldn't use that term?
434:  Uh.
Interviewer:  Already means bout the same thing.
434:  That's right.
Interviewer:  Produces a lot of
434:  #1 That's right. #
Interviewer:  #2 crops. # What would you called a flat low land uh-
434:  Bottom.
Interviewer:  Bottomland?
434:  Bottomland.
Interviewer:  Is bottomland good for anything?
434:  That's right bottomland's good land that's {X} you know? When the water don't back out and might drown your stuff bottomland is fine for farming you know.
Interviewer:  Have you ever planted bottomland before?
434:  I've planted plenty of them back- back in {X} there's great big bottom- flat there and {D: red bottoms}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Way out from the swamp.
Interviewer:  What would you call a piece of land that's not good for anything other than maybe just uh cutting hay off of?
434:  Well they call that a hay field and a straw field like uh see there's some old fields don't raise nothing, they don't bloom sage. Stuff like that and they- stick five time and bind 'em off.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Peoples used to-
Aux:  How bout a sage field?
434:  Yeah people's used to go and {D: raise} straw. And make brooms out of it like that broom yonder you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah I-
434:  People's used to raise straw and make their own brooms.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. You mentioned uh you mentioned swamp several times you ever heard anybody call a swamp anything else?
434:  Never have-
Interviewer:  It's always swamp?
434:  Call it a swamp.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about a place where- you know what salt hay is?
434:  #1 What? #
Interviewer:  #2 Sal- # You know what salt hay is?
434:  Salt hay.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Where would- where would salt hay grow? Do you know what that is? And what about maybe a place that's kinda like a swamp but it's by the sea? What would you call that?
434:  Uh I reckon they'd call it still swampland.
Interviewer:  Have you ever heard of marsh?
434:  I've heard that.
Interviewer:  What would a marsh be with- wi-
434:  Old mudhole place in the woods that you- like here's a dry ground here and you come to a valley like ground there and there's a lake of water all the way across it put water just back in there. Great big ponds of water and lakes and they grow bull rush
Interviewer:  Covers up the
434:  #1 That's right. #
Interviewer:  #2 outside? #
434:  Covers up with all kind of trash and big moccasins and things laying around and turtles and terrapins
Interviewer:  Are there a lot- you just mentioned a moccasin are there a lot of snakes around here?
434:  Plenty of 'em. They found a dead rattlesnakes right there in that house.
Interviewer:  Is that right?
434:  And they killed I think about nine wasn't it?
Aux:  Yeah.
434:  Killed nine of the young ones and let the old ones get away.
Interviewer:  Hmm. What other kinds of poisonous snakes are there besides rattlers and moccasins?
434:  Moccasin. {X} {X} And stinging snakes.
Interviewer:  Yeah are there any snakes around here that aren't poisonous that are-
434:  I hear them said that chicken snake ain't poison and a black snake ain't poison and the coachwhip ain't poison but all them snakes are mean.
Interviewer:  {NW}
434:  {NW}
Interviewer:  It's just- if it's a snake you don't #1 touch it huh? #
434:  #2 Its a snake. # Now a kingsnake-
Interviewer:  What's that?
434:  Supposed to kill all the other poisonous snakes. He the king of all snakes.
Interviewer:  Hmm. I hadn't heard about-
434:  And one- there's another one they say it can kill a rattlesnake four and five feet long.
Interviewer:  Now that's called a kingsnake?
434:  A kingsnake he's pretty good crazy but I'm just as scared of him as I is of the other ones.
Interviewer:  Could a- if a kingsnake bit you would it kill you?
434:  They say it won't but I ain't letting them things-
Interviewer:  {NW}
434:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 You're not that curious huh? #
434:  I don't want it tested on me.
Interviewer:  No.
434:  And I seen 'em. I used to plant farm right back here and there was a mother {X} ditch where I turn around and it's- it leave a track wide as my hand. He was a huge {X} but I never could catch him. {D: Darn thing.} And one morning I was plowing and just before the mule got to the end bout like the end when the mule stopped and {D: bucked their head up and throw} {D: Got away you know}. And I stopped and I hear sticks breaking on the ditch bank.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  And I looked around there and there's a king snake coming up that ditch And he was tracking that moccasin then.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  And I ain't seen that moccasin
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
434:  #2 and see no sign of him from that day to this that snake found him a- #
Interviewer:  #1 There you go. #
434:  #2 {X} # And my brother-in-law said he was fishing and a king snake come up to the creek where he was fishing at and caught a moccasin {D: caught him by his bottom lip}. And said king snake wasn't no more than that long but this moccasin well this moccasin swam out in the lake with it and set to wrestling and tussling, they had it out there. And this king snake would back back holding that snake right in the mouth. Right in his lip. And come back to the bank. And this old moccasin was so big and heavy he carried him back out in the water and that- that old kingsnake was just still holding {D: his hold.} And he sat there with a fishing pole watched them. And when that moccasin got way down kinda {X} down this king snake bite to the bank and wrapped his tail around a bush. And {X}
Interviewer:  When was that?
434:  And he- when he got him up to the bank {D: he backed back and} wrapped his tail around another bush and pulled him out on the ground. And he wrapped around him. and straightened out {X} Turn him loose because {X} and he could {X} he tell never will kill another snake.
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
434:  #2 {NW} # And so uh there's a big one went along out there across the road out between here and the road I was going to the mailbox. And a great big one cross right ahead of me coming over here in this way. I just stopped and let him went on. Didn't try to catch him {X} that's one thing I didn't do that. They say he ain't poison but I don't care now they say a rat snake ain't poison but I don't play with a snake.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. There any of these snakes around here can outrun a man? Are there any of them that fast?
434:  They coachwhips and black runners can outrun you.
Interviewer:  Are they poisonous?
434:  They say they ain't coachwhip will whoop you.
Interviewer:  Huh.
434:  He'll tie you. {NW} Get around your neck- he'll get round your neck and choke you to death.
Interviewer:  Have you ever heard of any kind of snake that can put its tail in its mouth and roll along, kinda like a bicycle wheel?
434:  I ain't never heard of that. but I've heard 'em talking bout stinging snakes roll {D: roll outta the uh} and they- they sting you with his tail. He don't bite you he stick his tail in you. And they say that'll kill you.
Interviewer:  {D: Do they?}
434:  And I'm scared of all snakes.
Interviewer:  Well I'm like you I don't trust 'em.
434:  #1 Right. #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
434:  Heard my daddy said he was fishing with a boy when I said the boy was {D: pathered as a nod and} sleep and the- used to have blacksmith shops down on the swamp on the bank of the creek where you could get water they didn't have wells, they ain't got none. And he couldn't keep that boy woke up he run around to his hooks and he caught a eel. And they brought him up there and that boy had on a pair of overalls and so he slipped the eel in his pants and stuck the eel's head out his pants. And woke the boy up and told him he sees a snake there- sees a- sees a snake round old {D: sharp} place that evening and he went under there {D: and he didn't get killed.} And he woke that boy up and tell him he sees the snake. And the boy woke up and stretched and he felt that cold snake in his {X} {NW}
Interviewer:  {D: I didn't know it was a boat}
434:  Said he cut his overalls right here in the waist just ripped them open
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
434:  #2 {X} {NW} #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
434:  #2 I think I'da done that too would you? #
Interviewer:  That's right.
434:  I- I got rid of the snake.
Interviewer:  They move around pretty fast. Mm.
434:  Well there're plenty of snakes now you see they used to {X} And you try and {X} snakes in stump holes they old bones where the fire would burn 'em up in there but be down in there. Rattlesnakes, coachwhips and things in winter time go in the ground in old stump holes under old dead stumps in logs and things and these logs catch fire and burn up in the winter and {X} That a way to kill a lotta snakes.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  But now they don't burn off. And the snakes don't have to go in the ground nice and thick they can lay out there in the grass and just lay up on the top of the sun if it get cold they get under that heating stuff daddy don't like {D: to burn no land off or nothing}. I was at a place last year, year before last where the pine straw is this deep {D: And who's handling the snake from going} {X} under there staying just as warm as he wanna and bite you from Christmas to Christmas.
Interviewer:  That's right.
434:  Got plenty of snakes in here.
Interviewer:  Talking about your fields what different types of soil do you have in your field? Some soil better than others?
434:  {D: Sunflowers set your field water} Like your field gotta drained it the {D: orders} is topsoil {X} drifters into a low place. Well down here on this end you stuff a make down there and on the other end what is {D: solid is white stove} You cut down here get up about like this and now on the end {X} like that you seize it. The soil- rich soil's what makes the stuff.
Interviewer:  Is there any- do- what do you call very rich uh black soil? Is there any special name for that?
434:  Nothing on it just- black soil they call it rich land
Interviewer:  Have you ever heard it- that called muck?
434:  Well they call old mudhole muck.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Places like that just like you was talking about ago bout them old lakes place where you- they call that old muck and mud and stuff like that there, that is spoke of in the Bible muck and mire. {X} see you bogged down in it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Is there any uh thing that you would call poor soil, sandy soil, might have clay mixed in with it?
434:  That's right plenty of it back then.
Interviewer:  Is there any
434:  #1 Got some #
Interviewer:  #2 special- #
434:  here in my backyard.
Interviewer:  Do you have any special word for that?
434:  Uh-huh not cuz I never- I stuff plant there in my backyard in fertilizer. Got that old clay soil?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  And it will grow up and make a little stuff and die.
Interviewer:  Have you ever heard that called loam? Haven't heard of that?
434:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  If you had a- if you had some land that was kinda swampy and you wanted to cultivate it what would you have to do to get the water off of it?
434:  Cut a ditch through it.
Interviewer:  And that would do what?
434:  Drain the water off.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. You ever had to do any of that kind of work?
434:  {D: Seen it} these old ditches all back here on this bottom land now where they cleared it up and ditched it off and had the water running into the swamp.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  And into the creek in some places.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Have you ever heard anybody call that ditch anything else?
434:  Never heard 'em called now I see before called 'em canals.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh.
434:  Where you get big enough now a canal ditch is where you can jump cross it at any place but these canals you got to fix bridges across.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Talking about that are there any- what are the names of some of the streams around here?
434:  Strangers?
Interviewer:  Streams.
434:  Springs?
Interviewer:  Streams. You know
434:  #1 Streams? #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
434:  {X} Grady Creek. Greenboro. {D: Old Lusty} Cobbling Creek. Right down here they call the Queen Branch.
Interviewer:  What would you call any- anything smaller than a stream? If it wasn't as big as a stream what would you call that?
434:  Well it's them- them's in little valleys where springs is you see you you have a- Two mountains like coming together this one here and water running out {D: Monday} {X} and you dig a hole there and you have a s- a cool spring of water there.
Interviewer:  Is there anything smaller than a stream?
434:  No. Nothin-
Interviewer:  What would- what would these streams run into?
434:  They run in- seep in the ground or under the ground or go to a creek somewhere
Interviewer:  They would flow into a creek?
434:  That's right they flows to low places you know. Some place the ground sucks it up. {D: You know a} You know the ground is hollow in places, water get out of you sight and you can't see but it's still running up here.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. If it was bigger than a creek what would you call it?
434:  Well they call it a- there ain't one big- bigger than a creek.
Interviewer:  Bigger than a creek?
434:  But they call these places branches.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Streams runs into the creek.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of a- kind of a narrow bit of water that flows in and out with the tide? You know what I'm talking about, down on the- on the seashore- that little kind of um place that goes into the land and the water will flow in when the tide's high and it'll flow out when it's low?
434:  That's right
Interviewer:  #1 You ever heard of that? #
434:  #2 well you see # these- these places like the main creek here free those up.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  While these little stream backs up
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  and it's the main stream run down to the same place run down they drains back into the main stream. You see long as that place is loaded- down the swamp is loaded with these- branches spaces are loaded and water is backed all out to the edge of your fields some places running out in the fields. But it's the creek fault. These- these streams- this land a- emptied everything it got back into the creek.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Talking about streams what would you call a- when a streams running it might cut out kind of a- a narrow valley? You know in the woods or the fields. What would you call that cut?
434:  Well there's a gutter.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Some folks call it a wash if the water cut through your fields see water break over and tear holes in it and put the gutters and washes on in your land.
Interviewer:  Well would there be any difference in a place that's been cut out by a stream and a place that's been cut out by a heavy rainfall? What would you call a place cut out by a #1 heavy rain? #
434:  #2 You see # the water makes its own way.
Interviewer:  Do you still call it a
434:  #1 {D: That's we} #
Interviewer:  #2 gully? #
434:  call it a gully.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Well you see the ditches you cut you call them ditches but this what- this water make these things you call them gullies.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What would you call um- we were talking about the land- what would you call kind of a small rise in the land?
434:  Well that's called- it's a little hillside in the land. You see round the land is low and up in here is a little rise in it they call that a little hillside in the field.
Interviewer:  Whi- is there anything smaller than a hill? What about something that would really be big? Bigger both-
434:  A big hill.
Interviewer:  You ev-
434:  Well they call that big hill. There's a place between here and Bride Hill they call it Big Hill you get on the road you can see it from the road.
Interviewer:  And what about like uh up in uh- up in- up in Tennessee some parts these big things what do the-
434:  They call them mountains. Rocky mountains.
Interviewer:  You ever seen those?
434:  I been through there. That's were I take and I see {X} Up in Chattanooga. Memphis Tennessee is the Rocky Mountains and as we're- as we're traveling through there these mountains through there so high. The housetops up there just look like they in the {X} and that's why.
Interviewer:  {NW}
434:  I just want to live up there with you.
Interviewer:  #1 I don't like- #
434:  #2 And then # Elevators come down to the highway and carry folks up there and they say they got liquor stores up there and things {D: hotels} and everything up there just like it is in the {X} And I ain't been up there and I ain't going up there to see nothing {D: in fact} when I- Some places we go through they tell you danger 's falling rocks.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Mountains so high and steep you know? You don't never know when a rock will slide in ahead of you.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  And you get in the mountains up there and them roads in the mountains and if your car ain't got no brakes on you better get out and walk.
Interviewer:  {NW} That's right.
434:  Cuz you be dead. Y- you- you can't- There people's come to death. And the roads you sees the road going there like I'm looking out that window. And look back I see the end of the road. And when I get down there to this what I thought end of the road was it turn around come right back up side of this other road.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  What can you say about that mountain sometime you been in that mountain about two or three hours before you can get out. But you got to work yourself around these and the road begun this way and you drive down and then here you come right back this way and then you drive up this way then you come right back down this way. {NS} And folks wanna get outta there before night. Now that's dangerous.
Interviewer:  That's right.
434:  #1 And there's #
Interviewer:  #2 Do y'all- #
434:  snow up there {NS} in July and August. You ever been through up in there? In the summertime? Well there's berries up there just as ripe as snow in July those {X} when it snows. And that snow don't never melt in there. That mountain cools up like walls and a little gutter cutting right down between look back about that wide.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  And there's- there's a little bit of white far as you can see up through there-
Interviewer:  What do you call that low place between mountains where you might have a bridge or something like that?
434:  I don't know what they call that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Now when I talk with a quiet lady used to come by our house says her father {D: There was sixteen as the young in family.} And her father cut ice in them mountains. Enough ice in the winter that they lived on through the summer.
Interviewer:  What do you call- talking about mountains what do you call those uh- that- the side of the mountain that drops off real sharp?
434:  Valley?
Interviewer:  Okay or- you might say you're looking over the edge of this what? You know you're on the mountain and it drops off real sharp? And you- you look over the edge what do you call that thing that drops off? You know the valley is- is a place I think between the mountains-
434:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 And # a low place?
434:  Well now I don't what they would call this what- what breaks off like that {X}
Interviewer:  You call it a cliff?
434:  I already {D: saw that} I heard one of the {X} boy was up there driving in the mountains and he had a {X} And he went off in one of them places {X} And he fell about a hundred-and-fifty feet. In one of them holes down there.
Interviewer:  The ho- the cliff?
434:  {X} {X} they had to cut him out. And he ain't well yet and that's been bout three or fours years ago.
Interviewer:  What would you call- what would you call that thing right there that you turn to open the door General?
434:  Doorknob.
Interviewer:  Alright. Have you ever heard of- of a rise in the land called a knob? Never heard that before? Well some people would- would say- instead of calling something a hill they might call it a knob. {NS}
434:  A knob?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. You never heard that used before?
434:  Nah I never heard it.
Interviewer:  Okay. What about- what do you call the place where- where boats stop and you u- and they unload their freight and all that sort of thing?
434:  Station.
Interviewer:  #1 O- #
434:  #2 Did # you call it a-
Interviewer:  For a boat.
434:  For a boat?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  I don't know now I couldn't tell nothing bout no boat places.
Interviewer:  Would you- have you ever heard the word uh the word wharf? You ever heard the word wharf? Okay. Or maybe a dock?
434:  Now I've heard of docks.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Now what does that mean about that dock now that's where they load and unload ain't it?
Interviewer:  Right.
434:  Well.
Interviewer:  Dock or have you ever heard
434:  #1 That's right. #
Interviewer:  #2 a pier? #
434:  #1 That's right #
Interviewer:  #2 Something # like that? Yeah. What would you call a- a place where a lot of water falls down a long distance? You know-
434:  {D: Gutter}
Interviewer:  We might be up in the mountains and you- you see this water falling down? What would you call that? Don't know that?
434:  I don't know what you'd call that.
Interviewer:  Um. Heard of a
434:  #1 water- #
Interviewer:  #2 Would you #
434:  call it- a waterfall?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh that's right.
434:  Well you see I have heard that in the mountains I have heard water falling from miles.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  And that's coming over these places you talking about falling into something and you can hear it just like a wind blowin- and- and I hunted in there and that's the way I tell way back to where I wanted to go I get up on one of them mountains
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  and hear that water pour- {NW} pouring off of these cliffs.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. But you never saw 'em?
434:  And I go back to {X} and hear the stream meeting the highway this cliff was.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  And I'd gone back 'til I found the highway and then I know'd the way out.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What are some of the important roads around here General?
434:  {NW} {NW} Well we got a road we call Briar Hill Road. Briar Hill and {X} Grady Road. Dublin Road. Spring Hill Road. {D: Le Pine Road} {D: Peach Road} Road out to {D: Braliston}. And there's a road they call it Young Blood, turn off of the highway and go to Young Blood.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Dirt Road.
Interviewer:  Yeah I was about to ask you are most of these roads made out of dirt?
434:  These- these bi-roads is, these dirt roads now it's like this highway goes through here and it goes on to Montgomery but-
Interviewer:  What's that one?
434:  There's a little dirt road right down there.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What's this road out here made out of?
434:  It's a- this was made out of dirt until they put the black top on it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  It was a dirt road
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. and they put that black top on it. Now hi- hitting Montgomery County {X} Well they stole the {X} told me the other day they putting a black top cle- don't come clean onto the store that by here through by Dublin. Uh-huh.
434:  You ain't never been over in Dublin back in {X} place
Interviewer:  Sure have.
434:  You ever been to Grady?
Interviewer:  Uh a long time ago, maybe one time.
434:  {D: Raymond Grady he-}
Interviewer:  Oh yeah yeah yeah.
434:  {NW}
Interviewer:  What do you call- you ever seen any roads made out of uh kind of a a white hard paved stuff? Maybe the same stuff that- that uh Oh I don't know it's just white hard- it's not black top. You know what I'm talking about?
434:  I seen that in the North.
Interviewer:  You know what they call that? What it's made out of?
434:  I forget the name of it I did know what they call it.
Interviewer:  Do they have just any cement roll-
434:  It's white it's not black.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  This road is uh- lotta these roads in the North is made out of this white cement stuff that they make you know they don't make it. Pour it this black stuff over it put this slag and stuff down and then pour this over it. These folk make the whole thing I reckon outta this lime and cement I reckon it's white.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  And uh-
Interviewer:  What do you call the place uh in town that the people walk along?
434:  A street-
Interviewer:  Well the cars- do the cars go on the street or do the people walk on the street or the people-
434:  People walks on the sideway.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Sidewalk.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  And the cars is parked in the streets.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of- you know in places in town where the houses are you'll have the house and then the front yard and then the sidewalk and sometimes there's a strip of grass between the sidewalk and the- and the road? What do you call that strip of gla- strip of grass? You ever heard of that?
434:  I don't know what's it called.
Interviewer:  Have you ever heard of the tree lawn? never heard of the tree lawn?
434:  You see I ain't- I ain't never lived in no places like that and I didn't know nothing about it.
Interviewer:  Sure. What would- if you were- if you were coming to a man's farm down the road here and you came to the turn-off that went from the road up to the man's house what would you call that, you say you're going up the-
434:  Driveway.
Interviewer:  Go up the driveway? Uh-huh.
434:  Up to the house is a driveway.
Interviewer:  What would you call- if you were uh- what would you call the track that you'd drive your cattle down when you carry 'em um to the pasture? You'd say you driving them down the what?
434:  To the- Driving them down to the pasture?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh what's the- what's the- the- the track that they walk along?
434:  Uh they's- they's call that a cow trail.
Interviewer:  Just a cow trail?
434:  A cow trail to the pasture you see you bring 'em back and {D: forth} up that same trail.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What if you were going up to a- a great big plantation you know from the road and there were trees on both sides leading up to the entrance you know, what would you call that?
434:  I reckon they'd still call it a driveway.
Interviewer:  Just a driveway?
434:  That's right.
Interviewer:  Sure.
434:  That's a way to the house.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. If uh- if you were walking along and uh you saw a crow in the field eating up somebody's corn you might reach down and pick up something to throw with it- throw at it, what- what would you pick up to throw at it?
434:  Rock.
Interviewer:  Pick up a rock? And you'd say uh- you picked up a rock and you- did what?
434:  Threw it.
Interviewer:  Just threw it at the crow?
434:  Just threw it at the crow.
Interviewer:  Mm. Have you ever heard anybody say something other than throw a rock he might say what?
434:  Lotta folks say chunk it.
Interviewer:  Chunk a rock? Uh-huh. Is uh- does it make any difference how- how big that thing is? If it were- if it were kinda small would you still call it a rock?
434:  Still call it a #1 rock. #
Interviewer:  #2 If it were # a great big thing
434:  #1 That's right, still #
Interviewer:  #2 you'd still call it a rock? #
434:  call it a rock.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What would- have you ever heard very young children say something like that? They say- would they still say they just gonna throw it or would- or would children say chunk it?
434:  Well a lot of children would say throw it and a lot of 'em would say chunk it.
Interviewer:  Just- Doesn't have to-
434:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 In Birmingham #
434:  say chunk it to me.
Interviewer:  {NW}
434:  {NW}
Interviewer:  That's right. Uh-huh. If uh- you know you might call this uh the place that you live, what would you call the place that you live, this place right here? Say that's- that's not just- that's not just my house that's my what?
434:  Dwelling?
Interviewer:  Dwelling or-
434:  Dwelling for this is my dwelling place.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. You might call it your home too?
434:  My home place.
Interviewer:  Sure.
434:  You'd call it home you know when you leave somebody else's house you head for home don't you?
Interviewer:  That's right. If- if you go to somebody house and- and he's not there they'd say no he's not-
434:  He's not here.
Interviewer:  He's not here or he's not- T- If they were gonna say something about uh- bout home he'd say well no he's not-
434:  He's not at home.
Interviewer:  Alright.
434:  Well what would you do then if tell- did he tell you to go on back with him?
Interviewer:  I wouldn't know what to do.
434:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # I don't know if I should wait around or come back later. Hmm. If uh- if someone came to visit {B} and you met this person out in the yard you might say well uh just wait a minute she's-
434:  In the house?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. or she might be uh- if she's baking some cookies you'd say she's in-
434:  In the kitchen.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh. If you invited somebody to come in you might say well come on in sit down and make yourself-
434:  Comfortable.
Interviewer:  Make yourself comfortable-
434:  A lotta folks make yourself at home but that's getting in too much-
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
434:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  Oh that's right. That's right you gotta be careful bout what you say, don't ya?
434:  You tell 'em {X} {D: he better watch all of that}.
Interviewer:  Talking about uh- do you drink- do you drink uh- coffee General?
434:  I used to I don't now.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Talking about putting milk in coffee uh some people like it uh- You ever seen people put milk in their coffee?
434:  I don't know.
Aux:  Yeah. You put it in your's.
Interviewer:  How did you like your coffee?
434:  Then they- you mean put milk in the coffee?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Sure. I would drink it that. A lot of folk want it barefooted but I want it with shoes on.
Interviewer:  {NW}
434:  {NW} {X}
Interviewer:  That's right.
434:  Well a lotta folks don't want a thing but the {D: brown coffee.)
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. I don't drink coffee I never have understood why people like the stuff-
434:  I don't either but it's a habit we take up. You see that's a habit people's take.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  {D: You know} the man that smokes and chews {D: tobacco} it's a habit they pick up. A man take a habit of drinking that's a habit he picked up.
Interviewer:  #1 What #
434:  #2 And- #
Interviewer:  sort of things do people smoke? Might smoke what?
434:  Pipes. Cigarettes. Cigars. And uh you take the man that smokes he get to a place he claim he can't be without it. And I see a lot of people take one cigarette out his mouth and light another with it. Well the Bible said anything that will defile your body- and you keep using it then he will destroy you. And I- I was smoking. And I smoked everything I reckon anybody could bring to me. And I smoke so much so my tongue would get sore. Well I smoking a lot of free stuff you know that- that I cooked for a bunch outta Montgomery and they come down on the weekends and bring me cigarettes cigars and I'd put 'em on my {X} and had my box of matches in there and I just smoked right there all the time, I got to where I smoked so much when I'd look up my head and eyes were {X} {D: working this well}. I couldn't half see. Well that was getting against me. That smoking was beginning to defile my body and one day I put a pipe in my mouth my m- my wife owed me six packs. I had some was home-drawn like these buffalo cows with all them- there's some with hats on 'em you light it and put the hat on it and had crane on one side and I'd smoke 'em. And I was smoking one day and something spoke to me just like you would and said put that pipe down. {NW} But nobody told me but that scared me. I laid it down. And I said then- what then what's wrong with my pipes? And I had six or seven and I got my pipe-stem cleaners them things I had a box of them I cleaned 'em out. Maybe that was my trouble {D: now I did it again.} And started smoking and it made me sick I'd like to vomit he said put that pipe down I laid it down again. But it {X} The childrens come in. Fried chicken. Made biscuits. Had coffee. They were sitting there after got through eating sipping the coffee and smoking cigarettes. You know the peoples do that now days. I don't know why they do it but a lot of people sit around and take a sip of coffee and then take a draw on a cigarette. And I told her to go get my pipe. She went in there and got it I was sitting at the head of the table. I sucked on that pipe a time or two and that same voice come back to me and said put that pipe down. I laid it right over there in the ashtray by the- in the middle of the table. And I ain't smoked a pipe since.
Interviewer:  Well that's the way to do it. I'm glad I never got started with habit. People seem to have a lot of trouble.
434:  That's right. See now I- I'm- I- my next birthday I'll be eighty if I ain't a hundred. Not going in fill up a quart bottle with a pitcher of water and I won't waste a spoon. {NS} And I know a- a man come's here. Cuz he ain't gonna stay. When you left that man and woman come in here that man pick up the fork eating with his hand that shaking that's Now how much water you reckon he could pour in a quart bottle?
Interviewer:  Not too much.
434:  He- he's just like mopping the floor with it-
Interviewer:  {NW}
434:  {NW} {X}
Interviewer:  That's right.
434:  Now that smoking was the cuz of me being in that tape I quit smoke and I drank coffee. I drank coffee any time. And now- Now I ain't been I take a cup of coffee I quit drinking coffee I don't drink coffee.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Well. Well let's see uh- If you were walking along somewhere General and if someone i- is not going away from you you'd say that he's coming straight-
434:  To me.
Interviewer:  Straight to you? Uh-huh. If uh later on you were- uh if you saw somebody that you haven't seen in a long time you might say well this morning I did what?
434:  Friends
Interviewer:  You just happened to do what? You weren't looking for him-
434:  #1 Yeah yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
434:  {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah. Is that familiar? Uh-huh. Or you just sort of ran
Aux:  In between.
Interviewer:  Might of run into him or-
434:  Just run into him somewhere I didn't know it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  And hadn't seen him didn't know he was in the community and I happened to run into him somewhere.
Interviewer:  Alright. If a child is given the same name that her mother has you say that the parents named the child-
434:  After.
Interviewer:  After the mother?
434:  That's right.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What do you call that uh animal out there in the front yard you got that barks? What kind of animal is that?
434:  Uh I would call him a bird dog.
Interviewer:  Is he a bird dog?
434:  Yes he- I don't know what he is he's just he's mixed with bird dog and July all I can tell now he's just-
Interviewer:  {NW}
434:  {D: He's such a dog.}
Interviewer:  {NW} If you wanted that dog to uh- to attack another dog or maybe attack another person what would you tell him?
434:  Tell him to catch 'em.
Interviewer:  Catch 'em? Uh-huh what would you say to him if you wanted him to stop?
434:  Come back here.
Interviewer:  Just come back?
434:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Would you- would you say the same thing if you wanted him to come to you?
434:  That's right. Just say come here and he come back.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. If uh If a dog's a- a mixed breed do you have any word that you'd call him? He's not a pure- he's not a pure breed but he's a mixed breed?
434:  That's right. Well you call him- you couldn't help but to call him a mixed breed cuz he's mixed with- he got two kinds of dogs in him.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  See his mammy would be a bulldog and his daddy could be a hound but you'd call him three quarter.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Have you got any special names for just old worthless dogs? What would you call them?
434:  Well I- my way of calling 'em just a sorry dog.
Interviewer:  #1 Just a sorry dog? #
434:  #2 {D: When he thinks he's going to eat with me.} #
Interviewer:  You ever heard anybody call a mutt? Just an old mutt?
434:  That's right. I heard 'em told- named that-
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Have you ever uh- what would you call just a real small noisy dog that just barks and gets in the way all the time?
434:  Little feist.
Interviewer:  Little feist?
434:  That's right.
Interviewer:  You ever had any of those?
434:  Never even.
Interviewer:  Who would want 'em, huh?
434:  {D: Never wanna be} told.
Interviewer:  {X} are they?
434:  That's right.
Interviewer:  Yeah. If you say- if you- if you saw a dog that was real mean and you were walking along with somebody and you knew about that dog you say you better not g- get too close to him he might-
434:  He bite you.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. You say that- that dog would bit anyone yesterday he- Might've done it to the #1 mailman. #
434:  #2 That's right # he- he bit a man yesterday.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And the mailman had to go to- mailman had to go to the doctor
434:  #1 That's right. #
Interviewer:  #2 after he got- #
434:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
434:  Right.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Have you ever heard uh anybody say dogbit? You say the mailman had to go to the doctor cuz he got dogbit?
434:  Sure.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
434:  #2 Sure. #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What do you call uh the uh- in a herd of cattle what do you call the male animal?
434:  Bull.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Is there any kind of uh special word that a farmer would use to describe that animal?
434:  What he's using is a male or a bull.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about uh- would women call them anything other than that?
434:  I reckon the women'd call it what it is, he's a bull.
Interviewer:  Just a bull too?
434:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Would you uh- would you call it anything if you were speaking in front of a woman would you call it anything differently?
434:  A lot of them would call it a male.
Interviewer:  Just a male?
434:  Before women
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
434:  #2 you know. # But the women know what you mean just as well say bull and-
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
434:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  {D: Now it look like some} Get in your car it-
434:  That's right. {NW}
Interviewer:  What kinda- what kinda cows uh do they raise around here General?
434:  Now some folks prefer black aimless some these {X} Some these {D: Shemains shelains} what they call 'em I don't know what the other some {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  That's different kind, some Jerseys. Some Holstein.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Are all those cows used for uh giving milk?
434:  All of 'em give milk but a lot of them they- these- these big white face don't give as much milk as the Jersey and the Holstein.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. You know way back- way back when um there were certain kinds of animals that were used to pull a real heavy loads other than horses. Some-
434:  #1 Steer. #
Interviewer:  #2 of them- # Steers?
434:  You see they- they yoke them up.
Interviewer:  They kinda look like bulls?
434:  They was bull and they- they castrate 'em and you know made oxens outta them.
Interviewer:  Huh.
434:  See they- they strong they haul loads with 'em.
Interviewer:  What would you call two of 'em hitched together you'd say you had-
434:  A yoke. Yoke oxen.
Interviewer:  What if you had uh four of 'em like that then you'd have two-
434:  You'd have uh four yokes there.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Was- is there anything other than oxen or- or uh horse- what would you- what all kinds of animals would you use to plow with?
434:  Well they tried these steers.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  And they tried horses. Mules. Some of them tried to use their little {D: jennies.}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What do you call a- what do you call a- a little- a little cow when it's first born?
434:  Calf.
Interviewer:  Calf. Would you still call it that if it was a male?
434:  That's right.
Interviewer:  Call it same thing if
434:  #1 It wasn't a calf #
Interviewer:  #2 it was female? #
434:  until it got grown.
Interviewer:  Doesn't matter whether it's male or
434:  #1 That's right. #
Interviewer:  #2 female? # Still-
434:  And when he's growed up you call him a heifer calf.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Now you give it that name in the beginning.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Now if it's a little male calf you'd ask what- what do you call- what k- kind of calf call it? Calf you call that. She had a little male calf this time.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Maybe she had a heifer before.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. If you had a cow named Daisy and she was expecting a calf you'd say that Daisy's going to do what?
434:  Have a calf.
Interviewer:  Have a calf? Uh-huh. Have you ever heard the expression drop a calf? To mean the same thing?
Aux:  {D: Well I have} {D: You too}
Interviewer:  What about- what do you call a male horse General?
434:  They call them studs.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Is there any uh special word that a farmer would use? What about women?
434:  I reckon womens call 'em the same thing.
Interviewer:  Alright no #1 special word #
434:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  that you'd use
434:  #1 That's right. #
Interviewer:  #2 around women? #
434:  {D: That's right.}
Interviewer:  Still call 'em stud? Uh-huh. What about a female horse what's that called?
434:  Mare.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. If you had uh more than one horse that you hitched up to the buggy you'd say the buggy's being drawn by what? Any special word for that? What would you call it?
434:  Well I don't know.
Interviewer:  Do you have more than-
434:  You have different horses you mean to drive?
Interviewer:  Right. No special word?
434:  And if you was going to drive one of the horses you'd drive one like the day and one the nation.
Aux:  {X}
Interviewer:  Or maybe you just had 'em both hitched up to the buggy-
434:  That's double hitch.
Interviewer:  Oh.
434:  That's right see that {D: tongue} run between them.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Yeah if a person was trying to ride a h- a horse and he couldn't stay on you'd say that he did what?
434:  He needs a saddle.
Interviewer:  {NW} Alright when he-
434:  Now he fall over.
Interviewer:  Right.
434:  Just fell over.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. If a- if a little child woke up in the morning and he's- he was- found himself on the floor he said might say to himself my goodness in the night I must've- done what? He's supposed to be in bed but he wakes up on the floor he
434:  #1 That's right. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # and during the night I must've done what?
434:  Well you see they couldn't say {X} see he gets up on the floor and he let it come where he is.
Interviewer:  {NW}
434:  Don't make no difference to him do it?
Interviewer:  {NW} Ah he musta- he musta fallen out of bed though
434:  #1 That's right. #
Interviewer:  #2 didn't he? #
434:  Well that's better than the beds ain't it?
Interviewer:  #1 That's right. #
434:  #2 If he gets # on the floor it's better on the floor that it would been in the bed.
Interviewer:  {NW} What do you call those things that uh you put on a- on a horse's feet to protect 'em?
434:  Shoes.
Interviewer:  Just call 'em shoes? What about uh the parts of the f- um the horse's feet that you put the shoes onto? {NS}
434:  Front feet.
Interviewer:  The front feet or you just #1 call 'em the- the what? #
Aux:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  You know the- what do you- do you- do you- do you say that a horse has feet or that he has-
434:  He have hoofs.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  See they nail it to the horse's hoof.
Interviewer:  Does that hurt?
434:  That's uh- it don't hurt him cuz it don't takes no flesh.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Have you ever seen a- a game that people play with- with
434:  #1 Horse shoes. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
434:  I seen 'em do that now I don't know what- what it means I never have played it. I've seen 'em chunking horse shoes I-
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Have you ever heard that game called anything else besides horse shoes?
434:  {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What do you call a- do you know anything about sheep General?
434:  Sheeps?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What do you call a male sheep?
434:  I don't think I'm ever knowing what they call a male sheep.
Interviewer:  Ever heard it called a- You know its the- its the sheep with uh with great big horns on it?
434:  That's right.
Interviewer:  You ever heard him called a ram?
434:  That's right I heard it. Well that's what the males is. A ram.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Do you know what they call the female?
434:  Oh that- that's is a female- now the female don't have no horns.
Interviewer:  Have you ever heard a female called a yew? Never heard that? What- what do you raise sheep for anyway general? Do you-
434:  Well uh- a lot of them say they raise 'em to get the wool off for clothes.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  See they shear 'em once or twice a year don't they?
Interviewer:  That's right.
434:  And that's what they claim they make wool clothes out of.
Interviewer:  You never had much dealing with sheep?
434:  Never did have no sheep.
Interviewer:  Well you oughta know more about hogs then I imagine. We were talking about hogs the other day, what do you- what do you call a male hog?
434:  That's- that's what you call a bull hog they- a lot of peoples call 'em males and a lot of 'em say a bull hog.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Is there any special word that a farmer would use?
434:  That's all the farm-
Interviewer:  Just a bull? What about women would they call it a bullhog?
434:  These call 'em- a lot of 'em call 'em bullhogs and some of 'em say the old male hog.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh if you were talk- talking in front of women would you still say
434:  #1 I'd say #
Interviewer:  #2 a bull- #
434:  a male hog.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What do you call a- a male that's been castrated?
434:  They call that a s- stag.
Interviewer:  A stag?
434:  That's right.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  See he's- They call- they call them stags after they use 'em for male uh few years then castrate 'em they call them stags.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What a- what about a- a little one when its first born what do you call that?
434:  Pig.
Interviewer:  Just a pig? When it's a little older and a little bigger what do you call it?
434:  They call it a {X}
Interviewer:  A {X}? Uh-huh. How- how big do they have to be before you call 'em uh hogs?
434:  Hundred and fifty, two hundred pounds.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And what do you call those uh real stiff hairs on a hog's back? The stiff hairs on a hog's back?
434:  Bristle.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh. What about those you know some hogs have these big teeth.
434:  Tush.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Is that the same thing that- that-
434:  And they bite me- {D: crunch me}
Interviewer:  Have you ever seen any pictures of these elephants? You know they have-
434:  I've seen a picture of an elephant now
Interviewer:  Is that the same thing?
434:  That's right.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. You'd call them tushes #1 too? #
434:  #2 Tushes. #
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What do you- what do you call the thing that you put the feed in that you feed-
434:  Trough.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh if you had three or four of 'em you'd say you had three- you gotta go
434:  #1 That's #
Interviewer:  #2 out. #
434:  have to have a long trough that's three or four troughs.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Do you have any kind of special name for a hog that's grown up wild?
434:  Nothing on a wild hog.
Interviewer:  Just a wild hog you ever heard it called a mountain rooter?
434:  #1 Never heard that. #
Interviewer:  #2 Or a # tiny woods rooter?
434:  I've heard of tiny woods rooter. But these- these mountain hogs they speak of they- they as wild all as they alive they ain't never been handled
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  by people see
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Got off in the woods and went wild and they {D: weren't made ham by people} they- they banged us.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And we were talking about- you have to- you have to castrate a pig if you didn't want it to be a bull would you say the same thing about uh- about a horse? You say-
434:  #1 A lot of #
Interviewer:  #2 after the same thing? #
434:  people'd call a {NW} male horse a stag.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. But if you- if you wanted to- if you wanted to alter the horse would you still say you're gonna castrate it?
434:  Well I don't know what they call 'em after they castrate 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {X} What about old tomcat? Would you say the same thing? If you wanted to alter him?
434:  See he- if he's a tomcat before they castrate him.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Now that's it you castrated 'em and he- he- I don't know what they- what kind of a name they'd give him then he- he just like a steer.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of the noise that a calf makes when its being weened? The n- the noise that a calf makes when its being weened? Do you know what that #1 is? #
434:  #2 Uh-uh. # Bleat?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
434:  That's right.
Interviewer:  Something like that. What about uh- what about you know a very soft noise made by cow when its feeding? What would you call that? Say listen to that cow do what?
434:  Eat?
Aux:  Low?
Interviewer:  Well just you know the noise that the cow makes when its eating.
434:  She's chewing her cud. {NS}
Interviewer:  Does it make any sound other than just that chewing noise?
434:  {X}
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
434:  #2 Not that I # know of. Don't make no difference you can hear chewing now she didn't have-
Interviewer:  What about-
434:  She got teeth in front you know.
Interviewer:  What about the sound that a cow makes when it wants to be milked? What would you say-
434:  That's your low.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Would you ever maybe say moo or something like that?
434:  A lot of folks says moo {X} the old word was your low.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about uh- uh- what would you say the- the very soft noise that a hor- that a horse makes? You wouldn't say the horse is lowing would you? What would you say?
434:  {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. If you got some- some horses you know and mules and cows and- and so on when- when they're getting hungry you gonna have to go out an do what?
434:  Feed 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. I bet you had to feed a lotta-
434:  #1 Oh yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 cattle in # your time didn't you?
434:  Tell me.
Interviewer:  Well what about if you had you know a lo- lot of hens and turkeys and geese and ducks and something like that and uh what would you call all those animals together? You know they're all different types hens and ducks and geese and what would you call all of 'em together you say you got a lot of what?
434:  I'd say I had a lotta-
Interviewer:  You know if you had a- #1 if you had a lot of um #
Aux:  #2 Fowls. #
Interviewer:  cows and horses and- and uh oxen or whatever you'd say you have a lot of cattle. What would you say if you had
434:  #1 I'd say #
Interviewer:  #2 a lotta- #
434:  I had a lotta chickens and turkeys.
Aux:  Lotta fowls.
Interviewer:  But you wouldn't- you wouldn't use-
434:  Have a flock of chickens.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Would- would you use just one word to describe all these different kinds of birds?
434:  I wouldn't- well it was-
Aux:  Got a {X} of fowls.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Uh-
Interviewer:  Would you say you got a lot of- gotta feed the fowls?
434:  Got to feed- that'd settle it all feed the fowl you see that brought all of 'em in.
Interviewer:  Right.
434:  But it would be cheapened going round telling bout the {X} turkeys and chickens and all that kinda stuff I got to feed the fowls.
Interviewer:  That's right. What about- what would you call a- a hen that's trying to hatch out something?
434:  Diddies?
Interviewer:  Well not the diddies, what would you call the hen itself that's trying to hatch out the diddies?
434:  Sitting hen.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. What about- what would you call the place where the chickens live?
434:  Chicken house.
Interviewer:  Chicken house? What about if its just a little uh kinda shelter built out in the open you know where the diddies can- can run under to keep out of the rain would you call that a chicken house too?
434:  Call that a coop.
Interviewer:  Just a coop? Uh-huh.
Aux:  {X}
Interviewer:  Would you call it a- a coop if its um- if its a place where you keep the ones that you gotta send to the market? Would you still call that a coop?
434:  Well you see when you raise 'em like {X} you don't have 'em for the market.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
434:  Now that- now what you speaking about is like this chicken house out {X} See you raise 'em there-