Interviewer: Okay. Last thing I asked you was about what you would call those things if you'd wear outside and you said they were what? 434: Pants. Interviewer: Pants or if- if you work in them then they might be- 434: Uh overalls or khakis. Interviewer: Uh-huh. I bet you- you- I bet you {D: Zara} had to wash a lot of those things for you didn't ya? 434: You tell 'em oh howdy. Interviewer: Oh. Aux: We'd get to- 434: #1 He'd be used to it. # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: He'd be used to it. Have to patch a lot {X} them old britches pick and cut and you know the knees opened way up. Interviewer: That's right. 434: They put patches on the knees of them things. Interviewer: You know uh if you were trying on your clothes General you might be trying on a coat and you say well this coat- this coat won't fit this year but last year it- It what? It may not fit now but last year it- 434: It fitted? Interviewer: Yeah. 434: You lost weight didn't you? Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} Interviewer: Uh. I- in my case I usually gain it. Yeah. 434: And I'm losing. Interviewer: Is that right? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Well I sure need to lose some myself. 434: Shirts I used to cut {X} {D: in the of my overalls didn't I?} Interviewer: Uh-huh. You know if uh- if you just come home from working {B} said that there was a package there for ya she might say that the delivery boy from the store- you know you ask how did it get here and she might say well the delivery boy did what? 434: Eh- delivery boy delivered you your package? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And you wouldn't {D: ask}. Interviewer: {NW} Yeah if uh- if all of your- if all my old clothes are worn out you- I might say that I need to go out and buy what? 434: More clothes. Interviewer: More clothes or if I need something to go to- go to church in I need to buy a what? 434: A new suit. Interviewer: That's right. If I have a- you know like a little kid likes to collect things and he just sticks them in his pocket and sometimes he gets so much stuff in his pockets that they just- do what? 434: Stick out. Interviewer: They stick out or- 434: And he a lose it. Interviewer: That's right. 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: {D: Wait 'til they} get him to} pull out. Interviewer: Uh. Alright. Is there anything else that you might say say boy you sure got a lot of stuff in your pockets but look at 'em they just- Just what? Would you- would you ever say that they just bulge? {NS} Uh-huh. 434: See I wouldn't know what to tell him. Interviewer: That he just empty those things out. If uh if {B} was uh gonna wash your shirt she might wash it in- in hot water and that thing might do what? 434: {X} Interviewer: That's right. You had that ever happen to you? 434: This shirt man I got some now draw it open can't get 'em down in under {D: leg} #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # I got some t-shirts like that myself. I know where you- 434: {X} {X} Interviewer: {NW} Just all the way up huh? Oh no. Hmm. You know if uh- if {B} was gonna go out somewhere and she really wanted to- to be fancy about it you might say if she's gonna put on a lot of good clothes she- you'd say she sure does like to do what? 434: Dress. Interviewer: That's right. If- if you were doing it would you say the same thing? 434: Same thing. Interviewer: Same thing. What uh- what would you call it when uh- when women put on make-up? What would you say they're doing? You know putting all that stuff all over their face? Powder and all? What would you say they're doing? 434: {X} Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} Interviewer: Oh. What would you say uh- what would you say about a man you know he's in the bathroom and he's combing his hair and he's putting on cologne and all this sort of thing what would you say he's doing? 434: He trying to look good and smell good. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Oh. 434: See everybody want to look the best he can don't he? Interviewer: Would you e- would you ever say that a woman's making up or- or primping up or something like that? Say she's making herself up? Have you ever heard that? 434: I never heard of it I don't think. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call it uh- something that a- a woman might use to carry her coins in? Her change? What would you call that? 434: A handbag? Interviewer: Okay. Would you- would you say- call anything smaller than a handbag? You know that might have a clasp on it that you keep small change in what would you call that? 434: Pocketbook. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What uh- you know when women dress up they- they wear fancy things and sometimes they wear these things around their wrists what do you call those things? 434: Bracelet? Interviewer: Yeah. Just uh- just all kinds of stuff they might have a bracelet on they might have something round their neck #1 what'd you- # 434: #2 That's right. # Interviewer: what would you call that around their neck? 434: Necklace. Interviewer: Yeah. Or uh- if it- if it had a lotta little things strung together on it what might that be? Ever heard it called a- a string of beads of something like that? 434: Uh-huh. Interviewer: Well I bet you've used one of these things before things that come down over your shoulders that hold your pants up? What do you call- 434: Galluses. Interviewer: Uh-huh. I think there's somebody at the door. Thing that you use to keep the rain off you when you go outside. 434: Raincoat. Interviewer: Yeah or maybe something that you hold up. 434: Parasol. Umbrella they called 'em. Interviewer: Yeah. Uh- Aux: {X} 434: Huh? Aux: Captain John. 434: You see them? Aux: Uh-huh. {NS} 434: {D: Take a left at your mailbox.} {NS} Interviewer: Okay. {NS} Why isn't that suppose to be staying on like that? Well. We were talking yesterday- I think the last thing we mentioned was uh- I asked you what you would hold up over your head when it was raining to keep the rain off of you and you said it would be a- 434: Umbrella. Interviewer: Yeah. 434: Yeah and they- peoples used to call it a parasol. Interviewer: Is that right? Is there any difference- I always thought when I said parasol that would be something that you would uh use just to keep the sun off of you but you use to keep the rain off too? 434: That's right. Same thing that tearing the rain up. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call when you lie down to go to sleep at night what do you call the thing that you rest your 434: #1 Pillow. # Interviewer: #2 head on? # Uh-huh. Have you ever seen a- a bigger one than that that might go all the way across the- the bed? 434: I have seen that. I don't know what they call that now that's- I've seen {D: the thing} What? Aux: Bolster. 434: Bolster. Aux: Uh-huh. Interviewer: Is that right? 434: All the way cross I think about it a few times I would've had my wife fixing to use those ones. {D: Those are the feelings you get.} #1 {NW} # Aux: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: It's nice to have a big soft pillow isn't it? 434: That's right. That's right. Interviewer: A lot more comfortable. What do you call the last thing that you put on a bed it might be kind of a fancy topcover- 434: Spread. Interviewer: Spread. Aux: Counterpane. Interviewer: Is uh- you ever heard that called anything else other than a spread? Aux: Counterpane. 434: What? Aux: Counterpane. 434: Counterpane. Aux: Yeah. Interviewer: Ever heard that? Countpane? 434: Sure I've heard it. Interviewer: Is uh- is that something that's usually- 434: #1 Spread- # Interviewer: #2 homemade? # 434: on your bed. Interviewer: Is it usually homemade? 434: Uh you can buy- they used to buy 'em I reckon they or have made something bed spread- What was that you made? Bed spreads? Aux: Uh-huh. Interviewer: Well it might be something like a- a bedcover that's more old-fashioned and made out of- made out of scraps what would you call something like that? 434: Quilt. Piece up a quilt made outta scraps. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard a quilt called anything else? 434: Never have. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Those are big and heavy and- 434: That's right. Interviewer: Things that you- Aux: {X} Interviewer: Uh. What about- have you ever seen a- you might have some company. You might have some little children that you're gonna have to put up for the night. What do you call that thing that you can put out on the floor? 434: Pallet. Interviewer: Yeah. It's kind of a- {X} 434: That's right. Interviewer: Something like that? Yeah. If uh- if you expected a- to get a big yield from a field that you planted in corn uh you say that for the field produces a lot you ma- the soil must be what? it has to be very- Soil has to be- What would you say? 434: Deep soil. Interviewer: Yeah it would have to be- It'd have to be deep soil. {X} Alright. 434: Rich soil. Interviewer: Would you ever say that it's very fertile? Wouldn't use that term? 434: Uh. Interviewer: Already means bout the same thing. 434: That's right. Interviewer: Produces a lot of 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 crops. # What would you called a flat low land uh- 434: Bottom. Interviewer: Bottomland? 434: Bottomland. Interviewer: Is bottomland good for anything? 434: That's right bottomland's good land that's {X} you know? When the water don't back out and might drown your stuff bottomland is fine for farming you know. Interviewer: Have you ever planted bottomland before? 434: I've planted plenty of them back- back in {X} there's great big bottom- flat there and {D: red bottoms} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Way out from the swamp. Interviewer: What would you call a piece of land that's not good for anything other than maybe just uh cutting hay off of? 434: Well they call that a hay field and a straw field like uh see there's some old fields don't raise nothing, they don't bloom sage. Stuff like that and they- stick five time and bind 'em off. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Peoples used to- Aux: How bout a sage field? 434: Yeah people's used to go and {D: raise} straw. And make brooms out of it like that broom yonder you see? Interviewer: Yeah I- 434: People's used to raise straw and make their own brooms. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You mentioned uh you mentioned swamp several times you ever heard anybody call a swamp anything else? 434: Never have- Interviewer: It's always swamp? 434: Call it a swamp. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about a place where- you know what salt hay is? 434: #1 What? # Interviewer: #2 Sal- # You know what salt hay is? 434: Salt hay. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Where would- where would salt hay grow? Do you know what that is? And what about maybe a place that's kinda like a swamp but it's by the sea? What would you call that? 434: Uh I reckon they'd call it still swampland. Interviewer: Have you ever heard of marsh? 434: I've heard that. Interviewer: What would a marsh be with- wi- 434: Old mudhole place in the woods that you- like here's a dry ground here and you come to a valley like ground there and there's a lake of water all the way across it put water just back in there. Great big ponds of water and lakes and they grow bull rush Interviewer: Covers up the 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 outside? # 434: Covers up with all kind of trash and big moccasins and things laying around and turtles and terrapins Interviewer: Are there a lot- you just mentioned a moccasin are there a lot of snakes around here? 434: Plenty of 'em. They found a dead rattlesnakes right there in that house. Interviewer: Is that right? 434: And they killed I think about nine wasn't it? Aux: Yeah. 434: Killed nine of the young ones and let the old ones get away. Interviewer: Hmm. What other kinds of poisonous snakes are there besides rattlers and moccasins? 434: Moccasin. {X} {X} And stinging snakes. Interviewer: Yeah are there any snakes around here that aren't poisonous that are- 434: I hear them said that chicken snake ain't poison and a black snake ain't poison and the coachwhip ain't poison but all them snakes are mean. Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} Interviewer: It's just- if it's a snake you don't #1 touch it huh? # 434: #2 Its a snake. # Now a kingsnake- Interviewer: What's that? 434: Supposed to kill all the other poisonous snakes. He the king of all snakes. Interviewer: Hmm. I hadn't heard about- 434: And one- there's another one they say it can kill a rattlesnake four and five feet long. Interviewer: Now that's called a kingsnake? 434: A kingsnake he's pretty good crazy but I'm just as scared of him as I is of the other ones. Interviewer: Could a- if a kingsnake bit you would it kill you? 434: They say it won't but I ain't letting them things- Interviewer: {NW} 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 You're not that curious huh? # 434: I don't want it tested on me. Interviewer: No. 434: And I seen 'em. I used to plant farm right back here and there was a mother {X} ditch where I turn around and it's- it leave a track wide as my hand. He was a huge {X} but I never could catch him. {D: Darn thing.} And one morning I was plowing and just before the mule got to the end bout like the end when the mule stopped and {D: bucked their head up and throw} {D: Got away you know}. And I stopped and I hear sticks breaking on the ditch bank. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And I looked around there and there's a king snake coming up that ditch And he was tracking that moccasin then. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And I ain't seen that moccasin Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 and see no sign of him from that day to this that snake found him a- # Interviewer: #1 There you go. # 434: #2 {X} # And my brother-in-law said he was fishing and a king snake come up to the creek where he was fishing at and caught a moccasin {D: caught him by his bottom lip}. And said king snake wasn't no more than that long but this moccasin well this moccasin swam out in the lake with it and set to wrestling and tussling, they had it out there. And this king snake would back back holding that snake right in the mouth. Right in his lip. And come back to the bank. And this old moccasin was so big and heavy he carried him back out in the water and that- that old kingsnake was just still holding {D: his hold.} And he sat there with a fishing pole watched them. And when that moccasin got way down kinda {X} down this king snake bite to the bank and wrapped his tail around a bush. And {X} Interviewer: When was that? 434: And he- when he got him up to the bank {D: he backed back and} wrapped his tail around another bush and pulled him out on the ground. And he wrapped around him. and straightened out {X} Turn him loose because {X} and he could {X} he tell never will kill another snake. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # And so uh there's a big one went along out there across the road out between here and the road I was going to the mailbox. And a great big one cross right ahead of me coming over here in this way. I just stopped and let him went on. Didn't try to catch him {X} that's one thing I didn't do that. They say he ain't poison but I don't care now they say a rat snake ain't poison but I don't play with a snake. Interviewer: Uh-huh. There any of these snakes around here can outrun a man? Are there any of them that fast? 434: They coachwhips and black runners can outrun you. Interviewer: Are they poisonous? 434: They say they ain't coachwhip will whoop you. Interviewer: Huh. 434: He'll tie you. {NW} Get around your neck- he'll get round your neck and choke you to death. Interviewer: Have you ever heard of any kind of snake that can put its tail in its mouth and roll along, kinda like a bicycle wheel? 434: I ain't never heard of that. but I've heard 'em talking bout stinging snakes roll {D: roll outta the uh} and they- they sting you with his tail. He don't bite you he stick his tail in you. And they say that'll kill you. Interviewer: {D: Do they?} 434: And I'm scared of all snakes. Interviewer: Well I'm like you I don't trust 'em. 434: #1 Right. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: Heard my daddy said he was fishing with a boy when I said the boy was {D: pathered as a nod and} sleep and the- used to have blacksmith shops down on the swamp on the bank of the creek where you could get water they didn't have wells, they ain't got none. And he couldn't keep that boy woke up he run around to his hooks and he caught a eel. And they brought him up there and that boy had on a pair of overalls and so he slipped the eel in his pants and stuck the eel's head out his pants. And woke the boy up and told him he sees a snake there- sees a- sees a snake round old {D: sharp} place that evening and he went under there {D: and he didn't get killed.} And he woke that boy up and tell him he sees the snake. And the boy woke up and stretched and he felt that cold snake in his {X} {NW} Interviewer: {D: I didn't know it was a boat} 434: Said he cut his overalls right here in the waist just ripped them open Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {X} # 434: #2 I think I'da done that too would you? # Interviewer: That's right. 434: I- I got rid of the snake. Interviewer: They move around pretty fast. Mm. 434: Well there're plenty of snakes now you see they used to {X} And you try and {X} snakes in stump holes they old bones where the fire would burn 'em up in there but be down in there. Rattlesnakes, coachwhips and things in winter time go in the ground in old stump holes under old dead stumps in logs and things and these logs catch fire and burn up in the winter and {X} That a way to kill a lotta snakes. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: But now they don't burn off. And the snakes don't have to go in the ground nice and thick they can lay out there in the grass and just lay up on the top of the sun if it get cold they get under that heating stuff daddy don't like {D: to burn no land off or nothing}. I was at a place last year, year before last where the pine straw is this deep {D: And who's handling the snake from going} {X} under there staying just as warm as he wanna and bite you from Christmas to Christmas. Interviewer: That's right. 434: Got plenty of snakes in here. Interviewer: Talking about your fields what different types of soil do you have in your field? Some soil better than others? 434: {D: Sunflowers set your field water} Like your field gotta drained it the {D: orders} is topsoil {X} drifters into a low place. Well down here on this end you stuff a make down there and on the other end what is {D: solid is white stove} You cut down here get up about like this and now on the end {X} like that you seize it. The soil- rich soil's what makes the stuff. Interviewer: Is there any- do- what do you call very rich uh black soil? Is there any special name for that? 434: Nothing on it just- black soil they call it rich land Interviewer: Have you ever heard it- that called muck? 434: Well they call old mudhole muck. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Places like that just like you was talking about ago bout them old lakes place where you- they call that old muck and mud and stuff like that there, that is spoke of in the Bible muck and mire. {X} see you bogged down in it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is there any uh thing that you would call poor soil, sandy soil, might have clay mixed in with it? 434: That's right plenty of it back then. Interviewer: Is there any 434: #1 Got some # Interviewer: #2 special- # 434: here in my backyard. Interviewer: Do you have any special word for that? 434: Uh-huh not cuz I never- I stuff plant there in my backyard in fertilizer. Got that old clay soil? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And it will grow up and make a little stuff and die. Interviewer: Have you ever heard that called loam? Haven't heard of that? 434: Yeah. Interviewer: If you had a- if you had some land that was kinda swampy and you wanted to cultivate it what would you have to do to get the water off of it? 434: Cut a ditch through it. Interviewer: And that would do what? 434: Drain the water off. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You ever had to do any of that kind of work? 434: {D: Seen it} these old ditches all back here on this bottom land now where they cleared it up and ditched it off and had the water running into the swamp. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And into the creek in some places. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard anybody call that ditch anything else? 434: Never heard 'em called now I see before called 'em canals. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. 434: Where you get big enough now a canal ditch is where you can jump cross it at any place but these canals you got to fix bridges across. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Talking about that are there any- what are the names of some of the streams around here? 434: Strangers? Interviewer: Streams. 434: Springs? Interviewer: Streams. You know 434: #1 Streams? # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 434: {X} Grady Creek. Greenboro. {D: Old Lusty} Cobbling Creek. Right down here they call the Queen Branch. Interviewer: What would you call any- anything smaller than a stream? If it wasn't as big as a stream what would you call that? 434: Well it's them- them's in little valleys where springs is you see you you have a- Two mountains like coming together this one here and water running out {D: Monday} {X} and you dig a hole there and you have a s- a cool spring of water there. Interviewer: Is there anything smaller than a stream? 434: No. Nothin- Interviewer: What would- what would these streams run into? 434: They run in- seep in the ground or under the ground or go to a creek somewhere Interviewer: They would flow into a creek? 434: That's right they flows to low places you know. Some place the ground sucks it up. {D: You know a} You know the ground is hollow in places, water get out of you sight and you can't see but it's still running up here. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If it was bigger than a creek what would you call it? 434: Well they call it a- there ain't one big- bigger than a creek. Interviewer: Bigger than a creek? 434: But they call these places branches. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Streams runs into the creek. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of a- kind of a narrow bit of water that flows in and out with the tide? You know what I'm talking about, down on the- on the seashore- that little kind of um place that goes into the land and the water will flow in when the tide's high and it'll flow out when it's low? 434: That's right Interviewer: #1 You ever heard of that? # 434: #2 well you see # these- these places like the main creek here free those up. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: While these little stream backs up Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: and it's the main stream run down to the same place run down they drains back into the main stream. You see long as that place is loaded- down the swamp is loaded with these- branches spaces are loaded and water is backed all out to the edge of your fields some places running out in the fields. But it's the creek fault. These- these streams- this land a- emptied everything it got back into the creek. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Talking about streams what would you call a- when a streams running it might cut out kind of a- a narrow valley? You know in the woods or the fields. What would you call that cut? 434: Well there's a gutter. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Some folks call it a wash if the water cut through your fields see water break over and tear holes in it and put the gutters and washes on in your land. Interviewer: Well would there be any difference in a place that's been cut out by a stream and a place that's been cut out by a heavy rainfall? What would you call a place cut out by a #1 heavy rain? # 434: #2 You see # the water makes its own way. Interviewer: Do you still call it a 434: #1 {D: That's we} # Interviewer: #2 gully? # 434: call it a gully. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Well you see the ditches you cut you call them ditches but this what- this water make these things you call them gullies. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What would you call um- we were talking about the land- what would you call kind of a small rise in the land? 434: Well that's called- it's a little hillside in the land. You see round the land is low and up in here is a little rise in it they call that a little hillside in the field. Interviewer: Whi- is there anything smaller than a hill? What about something that would really be big? Bigger both- 434: A big hill. Interviewer: You ev- 434: Well they call that big hill. There's a place between here and Bride Hill they call it Big Hill you get on the road you can see it from the road. Interviewer: And what about like uh up in uh- up in- up in Tennessee some parts these big things what do the- 434: They call them mountains. Rocky mountains. Interviewer: You ever seen those? 434: I been through there. That's were I take and I see {X} Up in Chattanooga. Memphis Tennessee is the Rocky Mountains and as we're- as we're traveling through there these mountains through there so high. The housetops up there just look like they in the {X} and that's why. Interviewer: {NW} 434: I just want to live up there with you. Interviewer: #1 I don't like- # 434: #2 And then # Elevators come down to the highway and carry folks up there and they say they got liquor stores up there and things {D: hotels} and everything up there just like it is in the {X} And I ain't been up there and I ain't going up there to see nothing {D: in fact} when I- Some places we go through they tell you danger 's falling rocks. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Mountains so high and steep you know? You don't never know when a rock will slide in ahead of you. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And you get in the mountains up there and them roads in the mountains and if your car ain't got no brakes on you better get out and walk. Interviewer: {NW} That's right. 434: Cuz you be dead. Y- you- you can't- There people's come to death. And the roads you sees the road going there like I'm looking out that window. And look back I see the end of the road. And when I get down there to this what I thought end of the road was it turn around come right back up side of this other road. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: What can you say about that mountain sometime you been in that mountain about two or three hours before you can get out. But you got to work yourself around these and the road begun this way and you drive down and then here you come right back this way and then you drive up this way then you come right back down this way. {NS} And folks wanna get outta there before night. Now that's dangerous. Interviewer: That's right. 434: #1 And there's # Interviewer: #2 Do y'all- # 434: snow up there {NS} in July and August. You ever been through up in there? In the summertime? Well there's berries up there just as ripe as snow in July those {X} when it snows. And that snow don't never melt in there. That mountain cools up like walls and a little gutter cutting right down between look back about that wide. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And there's- there's a little bit of white far as you can see up through there- Interviewer: What do you call that low place between mountains where you might have a bridge or something like that? 434: I don't know what they call that. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Now when I talk with a quiet lady used to come by our house says her father {D: There was sixteen as the young in family.} And her father cut ice in them mountains. Enough ice in the winter that they lived on through the summer. Interviewer: What do you call- talking about mountains what do you call those uh- that- the side of the mountain that drops off real sharp? 434: Valley? Interviewer: Okay or- you might say you're looking over the edge of this what? You know you're on the mountain and it drops off real sharp? And you- you look over the edge what do you call that thing that drops off? You know the valley is- is a place I think between the mountains- 434: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 And # a low place? 434: Well now I don't what they would call this what- what breaks off like that {X} Interviewer: You call it a cliff? 434: I already {D: saw that} I heard one of the {X} boy was up there driving in the mountains and he had a {X} And he went off in one of them places {X} And he fell about a hundred-and-fifty feet. In one of them holes down there. Interviewer: The ho- the cliff? 434: {X} {X} they had to cut him out. And he ain't well yet and that's been bout three or fours years ago. Interviewer: What would you call- what would you call that thing right there that you turn to open the door General? 434: Doorknob. Interviewer: Alright. Have you ever heard of- of a rise in the land called a knob? Never heard that before? Well some people would- would say- instead of calling something a hill they might call it a knob. {NS} 434: A knob? Interviewer: Uh-huh. You never heard that used before? 434: Nah I never heard it. Interviewer: Okay. What about- what do you call the place where- where boats stop and you u- and they unload their freight and all that sort of thing? 434: Station. Interviewer: #1 O- # 434: #2 Did # you call it a- Interviewer: For a boat. 434: For a boat? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: I don't know now I couldn't tell nothing bout no boat places. Interviewer: Would you- have you ever heard the word uh the word wharf? You ever heard the word wharf? Okay. Or maybe a dock? 434: Now I've heard of docks. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Now what does that mean about that dock now that's where they load and unload ain't it? Interviewer: Right. 434: Well. Interviewer: Dock or have you ever heard 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 a pier? # 434: #1 That's right # Interviewer: #2 Something # like that? Yeah. What would you call a- a place where a lot of water falls down a long distance? You know- 434: {D: Gutter} Interviewer: We might be up in the mountains and you- you see this water falling down? What would you call that? Don't know that? 434: I don't know what you'd call that. Interviewer: Um. Heard of a 434: #1 water- # Interviewer: #2 Would you # 434: call it- a waterfall? Interviewer: Uh-huh that's right. 434: Well you see I have heard that in the mountains I have heard water falling from miles. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And that's coming over these places you talking about falling into something and you can hear it just like a wind blowin- and- and I hunted in there and that's the way I tell way back to where I wanted to go I get up on one of them mountains Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: and hear that water pour- {NW} pouring off of these cliffs. Interviewer: Uh-huh. But you never saw 'em? 434: And I go back to {X} and hear the stream meeting the highway this cliff was. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And I'd gone back 'til I found the highway and then I know'd the way out. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What are some of the important roads around here General? 434: {NW} {NW} Well we got a road we call Briar Hill Road. Briar Hill and {X} Grady Road. Dublin Road. Spring Hill Road. {D: Le Pine Road} {D: Peach Road} Road out to {D: Braliston}. And there's a road they call it Young Blood, turn off of the highway and go to Young Blood. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Dirt Road. Interviewer: Yeah I was about to ask you are most of these roads made out of dirt? 434: These- these bi-roads is, these dirt roads now it's like this highway goes through here and it goes on to Montgomery but- Interviewer: What's that one? 434: There's a little dirt road right down there. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What's this road out here made out of? 434: It's a- this was made out of dirt until they put the black top on it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: It was a dirt road Interviewer: Uh-huh. and they put that black top on it. Now hi- hitting Montgomery County {X} Well they stole the {X} told me the other day they putting a black top cle- don't come clean onto the store that by here through by Dublin. Uh-huh. 434: You ain't never been over in Dublin back in {X} place Interviewer: Sure have. 434: You ever been to Grady? Interviewer: Uh a long time ago, maybe one time. 434: {D: Raymond Grady he-} Interviewer: Oh yeah yeah yeah. 434: {NW} Interviewer: What do you call- you ever seen any roads made out of uh kind of a a white hard paved stuff? Maybe the same stuff that- that uh Oh I don't know it's just white hard- it's not black top. You know what I'm talking about? 434: I seen that in the North. Interviewer: You know what they call that? What it's made out of? 434: I forget the name of it I did know what they call it. Interviewer: Do they have just any cement roll- 434: It's white it's not black. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: This road is uh- lotta these roads in the North is made out of this white cement stuff that they make you know they don't make it. Pour it this black stuff over it put this slag and stuff down and then pour this over it. These folk make the whole thing I reckon outta this lime and cement I reckon it's white. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And uh- Interviewer: What do you call the place uh in town that the people walk along? 434: A street- Interviewer: Well the cars- do the cars go on the street or do the people walk on the street or the people- 434: People walks on the sideway. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Sidewalk. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And the cars is parked in the streets. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of- you know in places in town where the houses are you'll have the house and then the front yard and then the sidewalk and sometimes there's a strip of grass between the sidewalk and the- and the road? What do you call that strip of gla- strip of grass? You ever heard of that? 434: I don't know what's it called. Interviewer: Have you ever heard of the tree lawn? never heard of the tree lawn? 434: You see I ain't- I ain't never lived in no places like that and I didn't know nothing about it. Interviewer: Sure. What would- if you were- if you were coming to a man's farm down the road here and you came to the turn-off that went from the road up to the man's house what would you call that, you say you're going up the- 434: Driveway. Interviewer: Go up the driveway? Uh-huh. 434: Up to the house is a driveway. Interviewer: What would you call- if you were uh- what would you call the track that you'd drive your cattle down when you carry 'em um to the pasture? You'd say you driving them down the what? 434: To the- Driving them down to the pasture? Interviewer: Uh-huh what's the- what's the- the- the track that they walk along? 434: Uh they's- they's call that a cow trail. Interviewer: Just a cow trail? 434: A cow trail to the pasture you see you bring 'em back and {D: forth} up that same trail. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What if you were going up to a- a great big plantation you know from the road and there were trees on both sides leading up to the entrance you know, what would you call that? 434: I reckon they'd still call it a driveway. Interviewer: Just a driveway? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Sure. 434: That's a way to the house. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If uh- if you were walking along and uh you saw a crow in the field eating up somebody's corn you might reach down and pick up something to throw with it- throw at it, what- what would you pick up to throw at it? 434: Rock. Interviewer: Pick up a rock? And you'd say uh- you picked up a rock and you- did what? 434: Threw it. Interviewer: Just threw it at the crow? 434: Just threw it at the crow. Interviewer: Mm. Have you ever heard anybody say something other than throw a rock he might say what? 434: Lotta folks say chunk it. Interviewer: Chunk a rock? Uh-huh. Is uh- does it make any difference how- how big that thing is? If it were- if it were kinda small would you still call it a rock? 434: Still call it a #1 rock. # Interviewer: #2 If it were # a great big thing 434: #1 That's right, still # Interviewer: #2 you'd still call it a rock? # 434: call it a rock. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What would- have you ever heard very young children say something like that? They say- would they still say they just gonna throw it or would- or would children say chunk it? 434: Well a lot of children would say throw it and a lot of 'em would say chunk it. Interviewer: Just- Doesn't have to- 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 In Birmingham # 434: say chunk it to me. Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} Interviewer: That's right. Uh-huh. If uh- you know you might call this uh the place that you live, what would you call the place that you live, this place right here? Say that's- that's not just- that's not just my house that's my what? 434: Dwelling? Interviewer: Dwelling or- 434: Dwelling for this is my dwelling place. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You might call it your home too? 434: My home place. Interviewer: Sure. 434: You'd call it home you know when you leave somebody else's house you head for home don't you? Interviewer: That's right. If- if you go to somebody house and- and he's not there they'd say no he's not- 434: He's not here. Interviewer: He's not here or he's not- T- If they were gonna say something about uh- bout home he'd say well no he's not- 434: He's not at home. Interviewer: Alright. 434: Well what would you do then if tell- did he tell you to go on back with him? Interviewer: I wouldn't know what to do. 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # I don't know if I should wait around or come back later. Hmm. If uh- if someone came to visit {B} and you met this person out in the yard you might say well uh just wait a minute she's- 434: In the house? Interviewer: Uh-huh. or she might be uh- if she's baking some cookies you'd say she's in- 434: In the kitchen. Interviewer: Yeah. Uh-huh. If you invited somebody to come in you might say well come on in sit down and make yourself- 434: Comfortable. Interviewer: Make yourself comfortable- 434: A lotta folks make yourself at home but that's getting in too much- Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Oh that's right. That's right you gotta be careful bout what you say, don't ya? 434: You tell 'em {X} {D: he better watch all of that}. Interviewer: Talking about uh- do you drink- do you drink uh- coffee General? 434: I used to I don't now. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Talking about putting milk in coffee uh some people like it uh- You ever seen people put milk in their coffee? 434: I don't know. Aux: Yeah. You put it in your's. Interviewer: How did you like your coffee? 434: Then they- you mean put milk in the coffee? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Sure. I would drink it that. A lot of folk want it barefooted but I want it with shoes on. Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} {X} Interviewer: That's right. 434: Well a lotta folks don't want a thing but the {D: brown coffee.) Interviewer: Uh-huh. I don't drink coffee I never have understood why people like the stuff- 434: I don't either but it's a habit we take up. You see that's a habit people's take. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: {D: You know} the man that smokes and chews {D: tobacco} it's a habit they pick up. A man take a habit of drinking that's a habit he picked up. Interviewer: #1 What # 434: #2 And- # Interviewer: sort of things do people smoke? Might smoke what? 434: Pipes. Cigarettes. Cigars. And uh you take the man that smokes he get to a place he claim he can't be without it. And I see a lot of people take one cigarette out his mouth and light another with it. Well the Bible said anything that will defile your body- and you keep using it then he will destroy you. And I- I was smoking. And I smoked everything I reckon anybody could bring to me. And I smoke so much so my tongue would get sore. Well I smoking a lot of free stuff you know that- that I cooked for a bunch outta Montgomery and they come down on the weekends and bring me cigarettes cigars and I'd put 'em on my {X} and had my box of matches in there and I just smoked right there all the time, I got to where I smoked so much when I'd look up my head and eyes were {X} {D: working this well}. I couldn't half see. Well that was getting against me. That smoking was beginning to defile my body and one day I put a pipe in my mouth my m- my wife owed me six packs. I had some was home-drawn like these buffalo cows with all them- there's some with hats on 'em you light it and put the hat on it and had crane on one side and I'd smoke 'em. And I was smoking one day and something spoke to me just like you would and said put that pipe down. {NW} But nobody told me but that scared me. I laid it down. And I said then- what then what's wrong with my pipes? And I had six or seven and I got my pipe-stem cleaners them things I had a box of them I cleaned 'em out. Maybe that was my trouble {D: now I did it again.} And started smoking and it made me sick I'd like to vomit he said put that pipe down I laid it down again. But it {X} The childrens come in. Fried chicken. Made biscuits. Had coffee. They were sitting there after got through eating sipping the coffee and smoking cigarettes. You know the peoples do that now days. I don't know why they do it but a lot of people sit around and take a sip of coffee and then take a draw on a cigarette. And I told her to go get my pipe. She went in there and got it I was sitting at the head of the table. I sucked on that pipe a time or two and that same voice come back to me and said put that pipe down. I laid it right over there in the ashtray by the- in the middle of the table. And I ain't smoked a pipe since. Interviewer: Well that's the way to do it. I'm glad I never got started with habit. People seem to have a lot of trouble. 434: That's right. See now I- I'm- I- my next birthday I'll be eighty if I ain't a hundred. Not going in fill up a quart bottle with a pitcher of water and I won't waste a spoon. {NS} And I know a- a man come's here. Cuz he ain't gonna stay. When you left that man and woman come in here that man pick up the fork eating with his hand that shaking that's Now how much water you reckon he could pour in a quart bottle? Interviewer: Not too much. 434: He- he's just like mopping the floor with it- Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} {X} Interviewer: That's right. 434: Now that smoking was the cuz of me being in that tape I quit smoke and I drank coffee. I drank coffee any time. And now- Now I ain't been I take a cup of coffee I quit drinking coffee I don't drink coffee. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Well. Well let's see uh- If you were walking along somewhere General and if someone i- is not going away from you you'd say that he's coming straight- 434: To me. Interviewer: Straight to you? Uh-huh. If uh later on you were- uh if you saw somebody that you haven't seen in a long time you might say well this morning I did what? 434: Friends Interviewer: You just happened to do what? You weren't looking for him- 434: #1 Yeah yeah # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 434: {X} Interviewer: Yeah. Is that familiar? Uh-huh. Or you just sort of ran Aux: In between. Interviewer: Might of run into him or- 434: Just run into him somewhere I didn't know it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And hadn't seen him didn't know he was in the community and I happened to run into him somewhere. Interviewer: Alright. If a child is given the same name that her mother has you say that the parents named the child- 434: After. Interviewer: After the mother? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call that uh animal out there in the front yard you got that barks? What kind of animal is that? 434: Uh I would call him a bird dog. Interviewer: Is he a bird dog? 434: Yes he- I don't know what he is he's just he's mixed with bird dog and July all I can tell now he's just- Interviewer: {NW} 434: {D: He's such a dog.} Interviewer: {NW} If you wanted that dog to uh- to attack another dog or maybe attack another person what would you tell him? 434: Tell him to catch 'em. Interviewer: Catch 'em? Uh-huh what would you say to him if you wanted him to stop? 434: Come back here. Interviewer: Just come back? 434: Yeah. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would you- would you say the same thing if you wanted him to come to you? 434: That's right. Just say come here and he come back. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If uh If a dog's a- a mixed breed do you have any word that you'd call him? He's not a pure- he's not a pure breed but he's a mixed breed? 434: That's right. Well you call him- you couldn't help but to call him a mixed breed cuz he's mixed with- he got two kinds of dogs in him. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: See his mammy would be a bulldog and his daddy could be a hound but you'd call him three quarter. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you got any special names for just old worthless dogs? What would you call them? 434: Well I- my way of calling 'em just a sorry dog. Interviewer: #1 Just a sorry dog? # 434: #2 {D: When he thinks he's going to eat with me.} # Interviewer: You ever heard anybody call a mutt? Just an old mutt? 434: That's right. I heard 'em told- named that- Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever uh- what would you call just a real small noisy dog that just barks and gets in the way all the time? 434: Little feist. Interviewer: Little feist? 434: That's right. Interviewer: You ever had any of those? 434: Never even. Interviewer: Who would want 'em, huh? 434: {D: Never wanna be} told. Interviewer: {X} are they? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Yeah. If you say- if you- if you saw a dog that was real mean and you were walking along with somebody and you knew about that dog you say you better not g- get too close to him he might- 434: He bite you. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You say that- that dog would bit anyone yesterday he- Might've done it to the #1 mailman. # 434: #2 That's right # he- he bit a man yesterday. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And the mailman had to go to- mailman had to go to the doctor 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 after he got- # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 434: Right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard uh anybody say dogbit? You say the mailman had to go to the doctor cuz he got dogbit? 434: Sure. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 Sure. # Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call uh the uh- in a herd of cattle what do you call the male animal? 434: Bull. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is there any kind of uh special word that a farmer would use to describe that animal? 434: What he's using is a male or a bull. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about uh- would women call them anything other than that? 434: I reckon the women'd call it what it is, he's a bull. Interviewer: Just a bull too? 434: Yeah. Interviewer: Would you uh- would you call it anything if you were speaking in front of a woman would you call it anything differently? 434: A lot of them would call it a male. Interviewer: Just a male? 434: Before women Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 you know. # But the women know what you mean just as well say bull and- Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {D: Now it look like some} Get in your car it- 434: That's right. {NW} Interviewer: What kinda- what kinda cows uh do they raise around here General? 434: Now some folks prefer black aimless some these {X} Some these {D: Shemains shelains} what they call 'em I don't know what the other some {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: That's different kind, some Jerseys. Some Holstein. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Are all those cows used for uh giving milk? 434: All of 'em give milk but a lot of them they- these- these big white face don't give as much milk as the Jersey and the Holstein. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You know way back- way back when um there were certain kinds of animals that were used to pull a real heavy loads other than horses. Some- 434: #1 Steer. # Interviewer: #2 of them- # Steers? 434: You see they- they yoke them up. Interviewer: They kinda look like bulls? 434: They was bull and they- they castrate 'em and you know made oxens outta them. Interviewer: Huh. 434: See they- they strong they haul loads with 'em. Interviewer: What would you call two of 'em hitched together you'd say you had- 434: A yoke. Yoke oxen. Interviewer: What if you had uh four of 'em like that then you'd have two- 434: You'd have uh four yokes there. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Was- is there anything other than oxen or- or uh horse- what would you- what all kinds of animals would you use to plow with? 434: Well they tried these steers. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And they tried horses. Mules. Some of them tried to use their little {D: jennies.} Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call a- what do you call a- a little- a little cow when it's first born? 434: Calf. Interviewer: Calf. Would you still call it that if it was a male? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Call it same thing if 434: #1 It wasn't a calf # Interviewer: #2 it was female? # 434: until it got grown. Interviewer: Doesn't matter whether it's male or 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 female? # Still- 434: And when he's growed up you call him a heifer calf. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Now you give it that name in the beginning. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Now if it's a little male calf you'd ask what- what do you call- what k- kind of calf call it? Calf you call that. She had a little male calf this time. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Maybe she had a heifer before. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If you had a cow named Daisy and she was expecting a calf you'd say that Daisy's going to do what? 434: Have a calf. Interviewer: Have a calf? Uh-huh. Have you ever heard the expression drop a calf? To mean the same thing? Aux: {D: Well I have} {D: You too} Interviewer: What about- what do you call a male horse General? 434: They call them studs. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is there any uh special word that a farmer would use? What about women? 434: I reckon womens call 'em the same thing. Interviewer: Alright no #1 special word # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: that you'd use 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 around women? # 434: {D: That's right.} Interviewer: Still call 'em stud? Uh-huh. What about a female horse what's that called? 434: Mare. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If you had uh more than one horse that you hitched up to the buggy you'd say the buggy's being drawn by what? Any special word for that? What would you call it? 434: Well I don't know. Interviewer: Do you have more than- 434: You have different horses you mean to drive? Interviewer: Right. No special word? 434: And if you was going to drive one of the horses you'd drive one like the day and one the nation. Aux: {X} Interviewer: Or maybe you just had 'em both hitched up to the buggy- 434: That's double hitch. Interviewer: Oh. 434: That's right see that {D: tongue} run between them. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Yeah if a person was trying to ride a h- a horse and he couldn't stay on you'd say that he did what? 434: He needs a saddle. Interviewer: {NW} Alright when he- 434: Now he fall over. Interviewer: Right. 434: Just fell over. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If a- if a little child woke up in the morning and he's- he was- found himself on the floor he said might say to himself my goodness in the night I must've- done what? He's supposed to be in bed but he wakes up on the floor he 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # and during the night I must've done what? 434: Well you see they couldn't say {X} see he gets up on the floor and he let it come where he is. Interviewer: {NW} 434: Don't make no difference to him do it? Interviewer: {NW} Ah he musta- he musta fallen out of bed though 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 didn't he? # 434: Well that's better than the beds ain't it? Interviewer: #1 That's right. # 434: #2 If he gets # on the floor it's better on the floor that it would been in the bed. Interviewer: {NW} What do you call those things that uh you put on a- on a horse's feet to protect 'em? 434: Shoes. Interviewer: Just call 'em shoes? What about uh the parts of the f- um the horse's feet that you put the shoes onto? {NS} 434: Front feet. Interviewer: The front feet or you just #1 call 'em the- the what? # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: You know the- what do you- do you- do you- do you say that a horse has feet or that he has- 434: He have hoofs. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: See they nail it to the horse's hoof. Interviewer: Does that hurt? 434: That's uh- it don't hurt him cuz it don't takes no flesh. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever seen a- a game that people play with- with 434: #1 Horse shoes. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 434: I seen 'em do that now I don't know what- what it means I never have played it. I've seen 'em chunking horse shoes I- Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard that game called anything else besides horse shoes? 434: {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call a- do you know anything about sheep General? 434: Sheeps? Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call a male sheep? 434: I don't think I'm ever knowing what they call a male sheep. Interviewer: Ever heard it called a- You know its the- its the sheep with uh with great big horns on it? 434: That's right. Interviewer: You ever heard him called a ram? 434: That's right I heard it. Well that's what the males is. A ram. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Do you know what they call the female? 434: Oh that- that's is a female- now the female don't have no horns. Interviewer: Have you ever heard a female called a yew? Never heard that? What- what do you raise sheep for anyway general? Do you- 434: Well uh- a lot of them say they raise 'em to get the wool off for clothes. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: See they shear 'em once or twice a year don't they? Interviewer: That's right. 434: And that's what they claim they make wool clothes out of. Interviewer: You never had much dealing with sheep? 434: Never did have no sheep. Interviewer: Well you oughta know more about hogs then I imagine. We were talking about hogs the other day, what do you- what do you call a male hog? 434: That's- that's what you call a bull hog they- a lot of peoples call 'em males and a lot of 'em say a bull hog. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is there any special word that a farmer would use? 434: That's all the farm- Interviewer: Just a bull? What about women would they call it a bullhog? 434: These call 'em- a lot of 'em call 'em bullhogs and some of 'em say the old male hog. Interviewer: Uh-huh if you were talk- talking in front of women would you still say 434: #1 I'd say # Interviewer: #2 a bull- # 434: a male hog. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call a- a male that's been castrated? 434: They call that a s- stag. Interviewer: A stag? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: See he's- They call- they call them stags after they use 'em for male uh few years then castrate 'em they call them stags. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What a- what about a- a little one when its first born what do you call that? 434: Pig. Interviewer: Just a pig? When it's a little older and a little bigger what do you call it? 434: They call it a {X} Interviewer: A {X}? Uh-huh. How- how big do they have to be before you call 'em uh hogs? 434: Hundred and fifty, two hundred pounds. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And what do you call those uh real stiff hairs on a hog's back? The stiff hairs on a hog's back? 434: Bristle. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh. What about those you know some hogs have these big teeth. 434: Tush. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is that the same thing that- that- 434: And they bite me- {D: crunch me} Interviewer: Have you ever seen any pictures of these elephants? You know they have- 434: I've seen a picture of an elephant now Interviewer: Is that the same thing? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You'd call them tushes #1 too? # 434: #2 Tushes. # Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you- what do you call the thing that you put the feed in that you feed- 434: Trough. Interviewer: Uh-huh if you had three or four of 'em you'd say you had three- you gotta go 434: #1 That's # Interviewer: #2 out. # 434: have to have a long trough that's three or four troughs. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Do you have any kind of special name for a hog that's grown up wild? 434: Nothing on a wild hog. Interviewer: Just a wild hog you ever heard it called a mountain rooter? 434: #1 Never heard that. # Interviewer: #2 Or a # tiny woods rooter? 434: I've heard of tiny woods rooter. But these- these mountain hogs they speak of they- they as wild all as they alive they ain't never been handled Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: by people see Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Got off in the woods and went wild and they {D: weren't made ham by people} they- they banged us. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And we were talking about- you have to- you have to castrate a pig if you didn't want it to be a bull would you say the same thing about uh- about a horse? You say- 434: #1 A lot of # Interviewer: #2 after the same thing? # 434: people'd call a {NW} male horse a stag. Interviewer: Uh-huh. But if you- if you wanted to- if you wanted to alter the horse would you still say you're gonna castrate it? 434: Well I don't know what they call 'em after they castrate 'em. Interviewer: Uh-huh. {X} What about old tomcat? Would you say the same thing? If you wanted to alter him? 434: See he- if he's a tomcat before they castrate him. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Now that's it you castrated 'em and he- he- I don't know what they- what kind of a name they'd give him then he- he just like a steer. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of the noise that a calf makes when its being weened? The n- the noise that a calf makes when its being weened? Do you know what that #1 is? # 434: #2 Uh-uh. # Bleat? Interviewer: Yeah. 434: That's right. Interviewer: Something like that. What about uh- what about you know a very soft noise made by cow when its feeding? What would you call that? Say listen to that cow do what? 434: Eat? Aux: Low? Interviewer: Well just you know the noise that the cow makes when its eating. 434: She's chewing her cud. {NS} Interviewer: Does it make any sound other than just that chewing noise? 434: {X} Interviewer: #1 {X} # 434: #2 Not that I # know of. Don't make no difference you can hear chewing now she didn't have- Interviewer: What about- 434: She got teeth in front you know. Interviewer: What about the sound that a cow makes when it wants to be milked? What would you say- 434: That's your low. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would you ever maybe say moo or something like that? 434: A lot of folks says moo {X} the old word was your low. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about uh- uh- what would you say the- the very soft noise that a hor- that a horse makes? You wouldn't say the horse is lowing would you? What would you say? 434: {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. If you got some- some horses you know and mules and cows and- and so on when- when they're getting hungry you gonna have to go out an do what? 434: Feed 'em. Interviewer: Uh-huh. I bet you had to feed a lotta- 434: #1 Oh yeah. # Interviewer: #2 cattle in # your time didn't you? 434: Tell me. Interviewer: Well what about if you had you know a lo- lot of hens and turkeys and geese and ducks and something like that and uh what would you call all those animals together? You know they're all different types hens and ducks and geese and what would you call all of 'em together you say you got a lot of what? 434: I'd say I had a lotta- Interviewer: You know if you had a- #1 if you had a lot of um # Aux: #2 Fowls. # Interviewer: cows and horses and- and uh oxen or whatever you'd say you have a lot of cattle. What would you say if you had 434: #1 I'd say # Interviewer: #2 a lotta- # 434: I had a lotta chickens and turkeys. Aux: Lotta fowls. Interviewer: But you wouldn't- you wouldn't use- 434: Have a flock of chickens. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would- would you use just one word to describe all these different kinds of birds? 434: I wouldn't- well it was- Aux: Got a {X} of fowls. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Uh- Interviewer: Would you say you got a lot of- gotta feed the fowls? 434: Got to feed- that'd settle it all feed the fowl you see that brought all of 'em in. Interviewer: Right. 434: But it would be cheapened going round telling bout the {X} turkeys and chickens and all that kinda stuff I got to feed the fowls. Interviewer: That's right. What about- what would you call a- a hen that's trying to hatch out something? 434: Diddies? Interviewer: Well not the diddies, what would you call the hen itself that's trying to hatch out the diddies? 434: Sitting hen. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about- what would you call the place where the chickens live? 434: Chicken house. Interviewer: Chicken house? What about if its just a little uh kinda shelter built out in the open you know where the diddies can- can run under to keep out of the rain would you call that a chicken house too? 434: Call that a coop. Interviewer: Just a coop? Uh-huh. Aux: {X} Interviewer: Would you call it a- a coop if its um- if its a place where you keep the ones that you gotta send to the market? Would you still call that a coop? 434: Well you see when you raise 'em like {X} you don't have 'em for the market. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Now that- now what you speaking about is like this chicken house out {X} See you raise 'em there- Interviewer: What would you call a- a porch at the back of the house General? 434: Back porch. Interviewer: Just call that a back porch? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And if I- if I came into the room and I left the door open and you didn't want it to stay open you'd tell me to do what? 434: Close the door. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If uh- and would you might- might u- would you say anything else maybe? Close the door or- Or do #1 what? # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: Might say- Aux: Slam the door? Interviewer: #1 If you didn't # Aux: #2 the door? # Interviewer: say close the door you might say what? Might say- Don't leave that door open go back and- Aux: Shut it. 434: That's right. {D: Well}. That's the only thing you said isn't it? Don't leave the door open. Interviewer: #1 Or # Aux: #2 Go ahead and # shut it. Interviewer: Or it might tell her to shut the door? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Mmm-kay. What do you call you know the boards like you have on the side of your house that overlap each other, what do you call that? 434: Weather board. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Weather board. Uh have you ever heard that called anything else 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 maybe a- # Interviewer: an older word for that? 434: {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: I'da #1 used it. # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: Well {X} and they set 'em straight up and they take a {X} {D: and one before it cuz} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And put over the crack {NS} See they- they leave a crack bout that wide between them boards well then they get another strip and tack over that pipe. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And they put six nails in it. And when them boards come from over that crack you sitting there in fresh air camp in the house wind would come right in through and on you you know they had them boards that stripped out to keep the wind turnt back and after that sun would draw them nails out well that left a crack in the wall about that wide. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call the part of the house that covers the top? 434: Roofing. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call those little things on the edge of the roof that the w- carries the water off? 434: Gutters. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard those called anything else? Uh-huh. What do you uh uh you know where you might have a house where you have two roofs you know that come together what do you call that area right between the two? Have you ever heard that called a- 434: They call that a {X} between the two Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard that called anything besides a 434: #1 Never # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 434: have, they use to run them things into wells for water. Interviewer: Is that right? 434: The water come off of the house and run into a well and that's what they drink. Interviewer: What would you call maybe a little building that you might have outside where you might keep your tools or your wood or something like that? Might say ya- you have a little what out back? 434: Something like a room back there? Interviewer: Uh-huh or just a- a real small building where you might keep wood or tools or something like that. What would you call something like that? 434: Well they'd call that a- You mean a wood- for #1 your wood? # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: You- you might keep your stove wood there. 434: They call that a woodhouse. Interviewer: Woodhouse? Aux: {NS} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard that called anything else? 434: Never have. Put your wood in there you know and when it rains you still got dry wood. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Before- before ya- ya had indoor plumbing General what would you call a- a pla- an outdoor toilet? Aux: {NW} 434: Lotta people used to call 'em back houses. Interviewer: Is that right? Is that- is that what 434: #1 Yeah that's right. # Interviewer: #2 you would call it? # 434: Yeah. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is there any- is there any word that you might call it if you were just joking with somebody? 434: No uh not as I know of. Interviewer: You'd still call it a backhouse? 434: Backhouse. Aux: {NW} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: {NW} 434: In fact a woman come in here didn't she and asked could she- did we have a bath or something other like that I told her yeah. She said well I sit up there that {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # #1 {NW} # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: {NW} yeah it- yeah yeah yeah I'm {X} Interviewer: Mm. What uh you said you did a lot of farming General, what kind of buildings would you have on a farm? 434: Buildings? Interviewer: Uh-huh. What different- 434: Cotton house. Cribs. Feed houses. Interviewer: What ab- 434: Barns for the mules. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What would- what- what did you use a barn for? What did you 434: #1 Corn. # Interviewer: #2 keep in a barn? # 434: Hay. Interviewer: Kept the corn and the hay in the barn? 434: And mules on the side shelved on the side for the mules. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And the corn crib was a place where you stored the corn? 434: That's where I stored my corn in that barn you know and that crib, they call it crib. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Did you- did you have a building or maybe a part of a building where you stored other kinds of grain? 434: I didn't have nothing else but corn. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You- have you ever heard of a granary? What would you call the upper part of a barn? Aux: {X} Interviewer: The high part of it. 434: {D: Old-} Now they used to call that a a loft. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Where you kept your hay and fodder and stuff. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is there any other place in a barn where you might store hay? Other than the loft? 434: Well if if your barn big enough you can store your hay have rungs on the side for your hay and wrung for your corn. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Stuff like that. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call- uh what do you call it when you have hay piled out piled up outside a barn? What do you call that pile of hay? 434: Well I couldn't- Aux: Haystack. {X} 434: That's- that's called uh a stack of hay I guess stacked up outside the barn. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If uh if you- if you just had it piled up in- in small piles in the field after its cut what would you call those things? 434: They call that a- {NS} they have it- you mean four and five bales at {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Well they- they- they call that a windroll where they bale the hay and chunk it off the side and you take a truck and drive it on and pick it up. Interviewer: Is that right? 434: They call that a- a windroll. Interviewer: Uh-huh. {X} Have you ever seen a- a place on a farm that would be used for storing hay outside a barn, it might have- be all- might have a roof you know on four poles or something like that and you put hay under it? 434: I seen that. Interviewer: You know what 434: #1 {D: thought I had a shelf}. # Interviewer: #2 that's called? # Just a shelf? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What- what would you call the hay when its out in the field just drying? You know just- just piled up in the field to let it dry? 434: Uh I don't know is there is it another name for the hay. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard that called a haycock? Never heard it called that. Aux: {D: I heard it before, he's {X}} 434: Huh? Aux: Gotta pick the haystack that he {X} something like that. Interviewer: Where- where'd you keep your cows on a farm General? 434: In the pasture. Interviewer: In the pasture? When you wanted to put 'em inside where would you put 'em? 434: Cow pen where I milk 'em at. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What would you call a place that was covered where you put your cows in? 434: Barn. Interviewer: Just call it a barn? 434: Cow barn. Interviewer: Cow barn? Uh-huh. What about a- what do you call a place where people keep horses? 434: Call that a barn. Interviewer: A barn? You ever- 434: Horses. Interviewer: Ever heard that called anything else? Okay. You said that uh when you're going to milk the cows you kept 'em in a cowpen? 434: That's right. Interviewer: {X} Uh-huh. Uh did you ever have a special place where you kept your cows uh until you got a- a lot of manure in that place and then you used it for uh growing something? 434: They call that a cowpen. {NS} See you pen the cows. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: #1 {D: At nights.} # Aux: #2 Well there's # stalls too {X} Interviewer: Would it- would it be the same thing as the 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 cowpen where # you keep 'em for 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 milking? # 434: See you pen 'em at night. {NS} You had a good bunch of cattle and you pen 'em at night you grow fertilizer there, compost they call it, manure yep. For your garden and 'tatoes and stuff. Interviewer: That pretty good for growing stuff? 434: Oh there's- {D: mixed a} watermelon. Collard greens. Interviewer: That'd say- that'll do it huh? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Good. What uh- where do you keep your hogs and your pigs, where- what kind of place would you call that? 434: Well they g- got a place they call a hog pasture. They have different lot for hogs and the cows see you- you have this hog wire and then they have barbed wire. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Cows, now you dig your hog pens outta hog wire they call it. Interviewer: What was the difference? 434: Well you see just barbed wire is to build pastures for cows. Well the ho- the barbed wire won't keep a hog like it will a cow, a hog'll go through it. Interviewer: Is that right, will it hurt it? It won't? 434: He's a- he's a crazy {X} he'll go through that. Interviewer: He just doesn't care huh? 434: That's right. You can't go through it. Interviewer: Would- would this hogpen be open or would it have some kind of cover over it? 434: It'll be open. Now {X} some people have {D: fourteen or fifteen} just in the hog pasture. Interviewer: Would you call it anything different if it had a cover over it? 434: Nah well. I don't know what you'd call it if it had a cover over it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Now I've seen it in the North where they have a whole pens and have 'em covered and have {X} But it's cold there you know and- and them hogs sleep in a floor place. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And they {X} in the North they got upstairs and they elevate cows upstairs. And got hay for 'em to sleep in. They be three {X} sometimes {X} them cow barns where they have these milk {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. 434: Cows sleeping on floors and have hay to stay warm. Interviewer: Yeah. Yeah that's a- that's a special kind of farm where they just raise milk cows. 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 You call # that a what? You said it what, what kind of farm? 434: Dairy farm. Interviewer: Dairy farm. 434: Uh-huh. Interviewer: Are there many of those around here? 434: There ain't no dairy farms around here. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: They got 'em in the North the holstein milk, Holstein cows. Few peoples have jersey cows {D: but them}- but the most have holstein cuz they get so much milk. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: What the milk is {X} {D: don't have the cream is} the other cows do. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you- what do you call that place around the barn where you might let your cows and mules and other animals just walk around? You'd- you'd say that's just the what? You know just where all the animals wal- free to walk around. Somethin- 434: Well they call that a lot. Interviewer: Just a lot? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about uh the place- the place where you have your cows graze that's out in the- 434: That's out in the pasture. Interviewer: Uh-huh. {NS} Was uh- did you have a fence around the pasture? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Did uh- you ever raise cotton? 434: {X} Interviewer: How did you uh- what sort of work did you do when you were raisin cotton? 434: See we put a path through the ground and put out the fertilizer and planted the cotton Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: {D: Bar it off) Chop it and {D: side} it up. And lay it by. And peak it and get the gin. And have the gin and bale and they {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. That sounds like a lotta work. 434: It was. Plenty. Interviewer: Uh. What do you call the- the kinda grass that you might have in a field somewhere that you don't want? You know that you always- 434: {X} straw fields. Interviewer: Straw field? Any other- any other kinda name for it you know stuff that you just have to pull up every time you got out there and get rid of it? 434: Well you see the- the one you try to get rid of all the time is Johnson grass. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have a lot of that? 434: #1 Well that's my you can't get rid of # Aux: #2 {X} # Upgrass is bad. 434: Upgrass is the worst for you. You pull that up everyday and it will be back the next morning. Aux: {X} Big- Big {X} 434: And sand spurs you ever see them? Interviewer: Oh yeah I've gotten sand spurs a lot. 434: #1 {NW} # Aux: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Have to rip those things out of your pants. 434: {NW} Interviewer: That's right. Those things kinda sting if you get in to enough #1 of 'em. # Aux: #2 You know # {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: {X} Interviewer: That's a job isn't it? 434: #1 {D: Tell it} # Interviewer: #2 Tearing that # stuff up. 434: #1 {X} # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: They'll be worth a {X} Interviewer: {D: I know} 434: Stick all over your clothes. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # That's not much fun is it? 434: You tell it. Interviewer: What would you call the place where you- where you grow your cotton and your corn? 434: Field. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Cotton patch. Call it a cotton field and corn field. Interviewer: Is uh- is a patch smaller than a field? 434: Well it's sometime they have eighteen or twenty acres. Ten and twelve acres in one of them. And cotton. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Around fifteen acres in corn. Interviewer: Uh-huh. But you'd still call it- you- you might call it either a field or a patch? 434: That's right. Interviewer: There's not any difference in a field 434: #1 There not no # Interviewer: #2 and a patch? # 434: difference just corn field and cotton field and then you have six, seven acres of peanuts. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Call that your peanut crop. Field for your peanuts. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What would- what kinda fence would you call it if you might have one around your yard or around your garden might be a little white fence, you know? What kind of fence would you call that? 434: Yard fence? Interviewer: Just a yard fence? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about uh- you might have a taller fence than that you might have round your chicken yard. Would you call that anything else? 434: That's what you'd call a chicken yard. Interviewer: You would call- what would you call a fence around your chicken yard? Might be taller than the one around your uh front yard or your garden. 434: Well your chicken yard should be taller than your front yard. Interviewer: Would you- would you call that a- would you call that a garden fence? 434: I wouldn't call that a garden fence I'd call that a chicken yard. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. What about the- the type of fence that you might have around your field? What kinds of fence would you have- 434: {D: Well now} they have a hog fence. A few fence to {X} and a lot of peoples they holed up crop is fenced up in barbed wire. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And they got a few cross fences for hog wires see they- You keep cows in barbed wire and you have to have a hog fence to keep your hogs. Interviewer: Before they came out with barbed wire fence what kind of fence did they have? 434: Rails. Interviewer: Just a rail fence? 434: And poles. Interviewer: Uh-huh. How did uh- how is a rail fence put together? What does it look like? 434: Well you'd start them laying a rail on this 'un. And the fence'd run from corner to corner the rails would go this way and this way and they'd come around this- And that's the way they built the fence see they'd start laying a rail here, here's your bottom rail and then you'd lay one on top of here and lay one over yonder and going and get your fence up about this high. Then you pull a corner two rails standing in the corner that brace the fence. Interviewer: Yeah. 434: Cause keep the cows from pushing it down. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You know sometime when you when you were clearing a field you might have to take a lotta rock out of the field and some people use that rock to make a fence, have you ever seen a- What would 434: #1 I've seen it # Interviewer: #2 you call a- # 434: in the North where they use rocks to make fences. Interviewer: What do they call those things? 434: I don't know what they call it up there but I seen it in {NS} I was going to New Jersey I see several places where they use rocks building fences. Interviewer: Uh-huh. But you- Aux: {X} Interviewer: You never seen any round here? 434: Never I've never seen 'em in the South. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Yeah we were talking about a barbed wire fence, when you're putting up a barbed wire fence you have to dig a hole in the ground so you can put those- 434: That's right. Interviewer: What do you call those things? 434: Posts. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Put your posts down there and then you gotta bang the strips the wire with. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And pull it tight. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And then keep the {X} wouldn't have but two strands of barbed wire to keep the cows, the cows got the whole night you gotta have four strands or sometimes six to keep cows outta there. Interviewer: Bout how big are one of those things? That you put in the ground? 434: Oh some of 'em thick as the bottom of that post, they use cross ties for some of 'em Interviewer: #1 {X} # 434: #2 rope # tie. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: You know that's pretty big job digging a hole for a fence with {D: like a railroad trying to go in.} Interviewer: You know I- I helped a friend of mine he had to dig some holes in his backyard to put a- a gate you know? And you- you know these post hole diggers? 434: That's right. Interviewer: That you have to dig? Well I tell you what, that's work. #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {D: Yeah it is} # Interviewer: I just dug- 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # a couple of 'em but I was just bout worn out after that. 434: You see that- the boy that put this fence round here he had a pair of hole diggers with {X} and he was trying to dig the holes he's just working hisself to death out there and them things all bent up. He too stingy to buy 'em. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 He was paying for it wasn't he? # 434: #2 {NW} # You tell 'em. I said boy why don't you sharpen them things? Oh you can't sharpen no hole digger I said you get your file and lemme show you. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What uh- what would you- you know a lot of people have uh a special set of dishes that they just use when company comes. What would you call- what would you say those dishes are made out of? Very fine 434: #1 I don't know. # Interviewer: #2 dishes. # 434: A lot of peoples have Chinese stuff you know- Interviewer: Have you ever seen a- an egg made out of that that somebody might put in a- a chicken's nest to try to get it to lay? 434: I seen that. Interviewer: Uh-huh. They just call it a what? 434: A- the- Interviewer: Say I'm gonna put this- 434: This- this egg in here that's a- a whatcha call that {X} Uh Interviewer: The egg would be made out of the same stuff? 434: That's right. Aux: China. Interviewer: The dishes? 434: China. Interviewer: It would be a- 434: China {D: you know}. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: It'd be a China {X} 434: And- and- I- I used to know the name because Aux: {X} 434: Cuz I can't think of it now. Interviewer: So if they- 434: But I've seen 'em in nests. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If the- if the eggs made out of this stuff you'd just say well it's just a- a- a #1 what? # Aux: #2 Egg. # Interviewer: What kind of egg it's a- Aux: Chinese e- 434: {X} A form of a egg, it ain't no egg. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Just an old China egg. 434: Just a old China thing to fool the hen. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: As long as the hen see that they'll lay they think ain't nobody breaking them up. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: {X} {NS} But people get some things and put 'em in nests cuz I've seen them in several people's round with white folks you know where they have them things in there. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: I didn't have no- What you get 'em for I reckon they get {D: it eat their nest egg}. Interviewer: If you were going out to the well to get some water what would you carry with you to carry that water in? 434: Bucket. A rope. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What uh- what- what would these buckets, what do they look like? What shape were they? 434: They round. Interviewer: Just round? Would a- what would a bucket be made out of? 434: Well some of them made out of aluminum some of them made out of zinc {D: they coated} Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about uh- What would you use to carry milk in? Going out to the cows 434: #1 A cooler. # Interviewer: #2 you got a- # A what? 434: A cooler. Interviewer: A cooler? You would- you would- 434: Like gallon bucket sometime we'd have five gallon- ten gallon, I mean ten bucket. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Five gallon {D: ninety got} {X} what these {D: whites} buckets you get now. Aux: {X} 434: #1 Huh? # Aux: #2 {X} # {X} 434: Huh? Aux: {X} 434: Yes. Aux: {X} 434: Yes. Aux: {X} 434: And uh Loma buckets. Aux: Yes {X} Interviewer: Have you ever heard 'em called pails? Aux: Pail. 434: That's right. Interviewer: Is there any difference between a bucket and a pail? Are they the same 434: #1 Sometimes # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 434: it- the pail's a pitcher. Interviewer: A pitcher. Aux: {D: No it's not} Pail is a bucket. 434: Huh? Aux: {X} Interviewer: What kind of- what kind of bucket would you keep in your kitchen maybe to throw scraps into and then carry that to the pigs, what would you 434: #1 Slop bucket. # Interviewer: #2 call- # Slop bucket? Uh-huh. Uh. What would you call the same thing that- as that except it might be bigger just to put you know trash and waste into? 434: Garbage. Interviewer: Just call it a garbage? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call uh- what do you use to fry eggs in? 434: Frying pan. Interviewer: Frying pan? Uh-huh. Would uh- would a frying pan have a round bottom or a flat bottom? 434: Well it's some of them got a round bottom and some of 'em have a flat bottom. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard a frying pan called anything else? Uh-huh. 434: Huh? Aux: How come you tell me {X} You never had none of that fryer on hand {X} 434: Well it's a frying pan. Aux: {X} Interviewer: Have you ever seen one that had legs on it? 434: I've seen them. Interviewer: What would you call that? 434: They call them ovens. They used to bake in 'em, had a long handle on it. Interviewer: Is that right? 434: Had- used to have them with the leg to it and you'd put your biscuits in it. Interviewer: Would you- would you- you'd ever seen this thing used you know like in the fireplace? Aux: That's what I'm talking about. Interviewer: Those you would use in a fireplace? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: We had one in here. And- and uh Somebody borrowed it and {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: {X} It was ours. Interviewer: What did you call that- that big black thing that you said you were gonna uh- 434: Pot. Interviewer: cook the cat stew in? 434: Pot. Interviewer: Just a great big pot? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Have you ever heard 434: #1 Now we gots- # Interviewer: #2 that called # 434: they got {D: kilns} and they got pots well you got these great biggun's out bout this use to make syrup in it . It's called a syrup killer. Interviewer: Is that right? Aux: {X} 434: There's one out there at the well now. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Did you ever use these things for anything else or did you ever see 'em- anybody use it to boil potatoes in or something like that? 434: We scalded hogs in 'em. Interviewer: Is that right? Uh-huh. What uh- what would you call something that you might have in the house uh that you'd put cut flowers in? Just for an ornament? You would put the flowers in a what? {NS} What was- uh let's see did you tell me what that thing was that you kept the flowers in? 434: Flower pots? Interviewer: Alright flower pots. Would you- would you still call it a flower pot if it maybe was inside you kept it up on the mantel? For- if somebody brought you a lot of roses or something like that what would you put 'em in? 434: Vase. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What are some of the things that you set down beside your plate that you use to eat with? In the kitchen. You'd use- What? 434: Fork. Interviewer: Yeah. 434: Knife. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Spoon. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If you had more than one knife you'd say you had two- 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And a knife and a fork. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And a spoon. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever seen uh uh uh- If every person had to uh ec- let's say you were having six people over to eat that's mean that you'd have to have- you'd have to have six forks and six spoons and six- What else? 434: Knife. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Well after the uh- after you eat what do you have to do to the dishes? 434: Wash 'em. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about after- after {B} washes the dishes then she has to use clear water to do what? 434: Just rinse 'em. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call the- the cloth or the rag that you use to wash dishes? 434: Dishrag. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about the cloth or the rag that you use to dry 'em? 434: Drying rag. Or drying towel. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about y- what about the piece of cloth that you use when you bath yourself? What do you call that? 434: Bath cloth. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about w- after you get finished bathing what do you use to dry yourself off with? 434: A towel. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You ever heard a towel called anything else? 434: Never have. Interviewer: What do you call the thing there at the kitchen sink that the water comes out of? 434: Spigot. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about if it was out in the yard? What would you call it? 434: You'd call it same thing {D: wouldn't you} Interviewer: Spigot? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Have you ever seen these big barrels that people uh maybe who work out on the highway use, they go up and get a drink of water and that little thing has something that 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 the water # comes out of? 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 What would you # call that? 434: Call that a faucet. Interviewer: Call that a faucet? Uh-huh. Okay. you know it's- it's getting kinda cooler out here it might get so cold that- that uh- you know if you turned on the water nothing'd come out, you'd say it might got- it's gotten so cold that the pipes had done what? 434: See the pipes filled up with ice. Interviewer: And what'd that make 'em do? 434: Bust. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Yeah. You were talking about uh just a- a lot of flour, if you went down to the store and you wanted to buy just a whole lotta flour what might it come in? 434: Bags. Interviewer: If- maybe even bigger than a bag. Somethin- 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 You know if they use to ship in # 434: come in but a barrel. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Barrel. That's right. Uh. Let's see anything else any- have you ever seen anything else other than flour that's packed in a barrel? 434: I've seen meat packed in barrels. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What uh- have you ever bought any molasses and a lotta molasses- what would a lotta molasses be packaged in? 434: Uh well a lotta molasses would be a barrel. {X} Interviewer: A barrel? Uh-huh what about- 434: Unless you got an eight gallon bucket- several gallon buckets. Interviewer: What about lard? What would a lot of lard- 434: Well lard come in fifty pound cans somewhere. Interviewer: Is there any special name for a very large lard can? 434: Some of 'em have two hundred pounds. Interviewer: But it- 434: Some cans have a hundred pounds some cans and ol'- people's {D: already} have two hundred pounds {X} Aux: {X} 434: #1 Huh? # Aux: #2 Is there any- # Interviewer: is there any special name for a very big- have you ever heard it called a stand? Stand of lard or stand of molasses? 434: I never heard of that I always use cans Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 you know like # uh Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And barrels they used to come in- they used to get it in barrels. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 You know if you were- # If you were gonna take some of that molasses and you wanted to pour it into a- a small little bottle what- what might you have to use to keep it from spilling all over the place? 434: Have to have a funnel. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever seen people use a funnel for anything else? 434: That's right. {NS} Interviewer: Might use it to put gas in a car or something like that? 434: They use it put it draw gas outta another car and cipher it over into #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # 434: they use a funnel. Interviewer: Sometimes people do that when they not supposed to, don't they? 434: That's right. Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} Interviewer: Oh. What do you- have you ever ridden on a buggy General? 434: Buggy? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Yes {D: I have} Interviewer: What do you call- what do you call that thing that you use to make your horses go faster? 434: Buggy whip. Interviewer: Buggy whip. Uh-huh. What about uh you know if you- if you go down to the grocery store the- the boy might put all the- what does he put all your stuff in? So that you can carry- 434: Bags. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh. Have you ever heard bo- uh that called anything else? 434: Never have. Interviewer: Just any different size bag doesn't matter- make a difference whether it's 434: #1 They plen- they're different # Interviewer: #2 small or large? # 434: size bags they Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Some big and some small. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Now you said that- that flour might not be uh might not be put in a barrel it might be put in something else. Like if it was put in something made outta cloth what would you call that? 434: Sacks? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Do you- what uh What different kinds are there? You know what they're- what they're made out of? 434: The sacks? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: I sure don't. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: Cloth some of 'em. 434: Huh? Aux: Cloth {X} get knives in the paper bags {X} {X} {X} 434: Yes they used to have it in {X} bags. Aux: Uh-huh. 434: #1 Now- # Interviewer: #2 What about uh- # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # What about the type of thing that- that feed or seed or manure or something like that might come in? 434: Sacks. Interviewer: Would that be a sack too? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Would it be made- would it make- might be a- a- more rough material or coarse material? 434: You see it- it's made as coarse stuff that's fertilized. Now they getting they fertilize comes in paper bags now it used to come in cloth. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of a croker sack? 434: They used to have croker sacks used to- use all the oats and corn and stuff like that in croker sacks. But your flour and stuff would come in white sacks. And now they go and put the flour in paper bags and they put meal in paper bags and they don't use the cloth bags no more. Interviewer: You know le- if you were gonna take some corn to the mill what would you call the amount of corn you could take to the mill at one time? 434: Bushel. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Satchel. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about- what would you call the amount of wood you could carry at one time? 434: Ton. They call this ton of wood. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard that called anything else? 434: Never have- Interviewer: Never have. Uh-huh. You know if- if that thing right there burned out you'd have to change the what? That's a- 434: #1 Have to get # Interviewer: #2 What would you call- # 434: a new bulb. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You- you would call it uh- It's not like a- It's not like a- a bulb that you plant but that's a- You tell the ma- 434: A light bulb. Interviewer: Yeah you tell the man at the store to get you a light bulb. 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What would you use to carry out your washing to uh the clothes line? You'd have to hang it out to dry, what would you use to carry the clothes in out back? 434: Hell ask her that. Interviewer: {NW} 434: Basket. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Buckets? Carry 'em in different things now sometimes {X} a tub, put 'em in a tub and take 'em out back. But mostly they used to have buckets they tote 'em out in. But they wouldn't nothing else. Weren't no plastic bags then like they got now. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You had to tote 'em out in buckets and tubs. What would you use- what do nails come in, it might be something 434: #1 A keg. # Interviewer: #2 smaller # than a barrel. 434: They come in a wooden keg. {NS} Interviewer: What do you call those uh- that thing that runs around the barrel that holds it together? 434: Barrel hoops. Interviewer: Uh-huh. {NS} Just kinda keeps it in place? 434: That's right. {NS} Keep it- keeps it from tearing up. If that bushel of nails comes out {NS} Interviewer: You just got a lot of nails all over the floor don't you? 434: That's right you gotta job cleaning them them hooks bust off {X} {NS} Interviewer: And when you- when you put a- some liquid into a bottle what do you put in the- the top of the bottle to keep the liquid from spilling out? 434: Stopper. {NS} Interviewer: What's that- what- what would a stopper be made out of? {NS} 434: It's made out of plastic now it used to made out of corks. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Used to be a cork stopper. {NS} Interviewer: What do you call that thing- I know that you can play guitar General. Have you ever seen anybody play this instrument you know they have to blow on 434: #1 Jew's # Interviewer: #2 through- # 434: harp. Interviewer: Kinda makes a 434: #1 And a # Interviewer: #2 sound? # 434: harp you blow into it the mouth, they have Jew's harps then they have another harp. Interviewer: What's the other kind? 434: See the Jew's harp you put it in your mouth and pick it Interviewer: Uh-huh. It kinda makes a twanging sound? 434: That's right. And these other harps you slide 'em up outta your mouth for a tube make a {NS} Interviewer: Do you- Have you ever played either one of those? 434: I've- I tried all of 'em. Interviewer: {NW} What do you call the- the thing that you use to pound nails with? 434: Hammer. Interviewer: Uh-huh. I bet you been in a lot of wagons haven't you General? 434: Tell. Interviewer: {NW} What do you call- if you have a- a wagon and two horses what do you call that- that long wooden piece that runs between the hor- 434: Tongue. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And if you- you said you've ridden on a buggy too. What do you call those things that you have to back the horse between? 434: Buggy shacks. Interviewer: Buggy shacks. Uh-huh. You know when you got a uh uh the wheel on your wagon the part right inside of the middle's the hub. 434: That's right. Interviewer: And that hub turns around on the- what does it turn on? 434: On an axle. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And then from the hub you got the spokes 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 coming out # And the spokes come out and fit onto the what's the thing- 434: {D: Fit uh} Tire wagon tire up in the tire you know them spokes come from the hub and fit up in the- the wooden part where the tire is and if them spokes comes out the tire drop off and then you don't have nothing but the hub. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Sometimes the outside of the wagons wheel's made out of- of uh out of steel. 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 You say it # had a- a steel what? 434: Steel axle. A wheel. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Or just the- the rim of the wheel? 434: That's right, well you see they don't- the spokes don't come out of the end. Interviewer: Have you ever seen a wheel that uh you had the- the rim was in sections? What- do you know what you call 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 one of those sections? # 434: In pieces. Interviewer: Do you know what those pieces where called, do they have a special name? 434: I didn't know what the name {D: they call it} They connect them together. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard it called a filly? Never heard that? 434: Never have. {NS} Interviewer: You know what uh the uh- wh- on a wagon what do you hook the traces to? 434: Singletree. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And the singletrees are connected to what if you have two horses? 434: To the doubletree. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard the doubletree called anything else? 434: Never anything else. {D: I think} I guess. Interviewer: I guess you might- some people might call it a double-singletree. 434: {NW} Interviewer: {NW} 434: They might. Interviewer: Oh. 434: You see it comes over that tongue and there's a hole through that tongue and that pin goes down through the tongue and this doubletree's connected on top of the tongue. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And the mule pull by this doubletr- tree and the tongue is just to hold the wagon steady. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: You unbreast it Take the breast chain and loosen the mules the wagon roll most anywhere, run over the mules if they don't get out of the way. Interviewer: That's right. If- if somebo- if somebody had a load of wood in his wagon and he was just driving along with it you'd say that he's doing what? Just got a load of- 434: Got a load of wood on his wagon. Interviewer: What's he- what's he doing with that wood? 434: Carrying it to the house for firewood. Aux: {X} Interviewer: But would you ever say he's just hauling wood? 434: That's right {X} and say he's hauling wood. Interviewer: Okay. You know sometimes when you're hauling wood you might come across a big uh log in the road and you'd say well I gotta- I gotta tie a rope ar- around that log and- 434: #1 Drag it # Interviewer: #2 do what? # 434: out the way. Interviewer: Alright that ever happen to you? 434: That's right. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # {D: Plenty'd} happened to me. Interviewer: Yeah. You might say you know- if you've done that a lot of times you might be telling me well- well we've done what? We've- Aux: Go around it. Interviewer: If you had to drag a- just a lot- if you had to drag a- five times before that day you say we had a rough day 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 We- # we hadn't- we've- 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Just what? # 434: Had a rough day and had to drag things out the road before Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 we could pass. # Interviewer: That's right. What do you call that thing you use to break up the ground right at first before you plant anything? 434: Plow. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Did uh- After you plowed did you use anything to break up the ground even finer than that? 434: You have a disk you'd run over it and cut it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is there any special name for that? 434: All I know is that disks cut it up and see the clods and things that we cut up, see this turning plow sometime turns up big sheets of stuff like this disk comes on and grind it up. Then you take the shelves and stuff and got loose dirt around {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: To plant your stuff in. Interviewer: Have you ever heard c- that called a harrow? 434: Well I've seen harrows they have {X} I've seen harrows they drag over the ground with- with a lot of teeth {X} you know Put a weight on it. Interviewer: How they- Are there a lot of different kinds of plows? 434: Sure. See there's turning plows and silverstocks they call 'em turning {X} and {D: scooters} and Sweeps. Scrapes. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What uh- 434: Plow wings. Plow points. {NS} Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about- what would you call- have you ever seen a- a- some wood that might be shaped like an X that you might use to lay a log across to saw it? Never seen anything like that? 434: I never seen that. Aux: Yes you have. Interviewer: Alright y- you know you might lay a log across it to chop it into stove wood or something like that? 434: Oh I've had what they call a- they call that a horse. Interviewer: A horse? 434: Sawhorses. Interviewer: Sawhorses? 434: That's right well now I've had chop blocks. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: So you have a- a block of wood set up about that high and you take your stove wood and chop it on top of that chop block. Interviewer: Have you ever seen one shaped maybe in- in the shape of the letter A? That you might put on the ends to make a kind of a table out of or picnic or something like that? 434: Seems like I have seen things like that. Made tables out of- You mean the things it's made across? Interviewer: Yeah it's a- kinda shaped like that 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 you know? # 434: They got legs spread out Interviewer: #1 Right. # 434: #2 here # at the bottom. Interviewer: Right. 434: Now I've seen that. Interviewer: You never heard it called anything? 434: Well I heard 'em call it a picnic table. Interviewer: Have you ever heard- have you ever heard of a sawbuck before? Never heard of a sawbuck. Okay. Oh. You know when people get up in the morning they go into the bathroom and they have to straighten out their hair and they might use a comb to do it or they might use something else. What else might they use to fix up their hair? They might use a comb and what else? 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Got like- # 434: {D: Ain't use nothing if it's straightened.} Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} What'd you say? Aux: Called a brush. Interviewer: {D: You know same with-} 434: A brush? Interviewer: Yeah. Yeah. 434: Ah I just- I just said that now. Interviewer: And you- you would you're using that thing to do what to your hair? 434: Straighten it out. Interviewer: Straighten it 434: #1 get # Interviewer: #2 or # 434: the kinks out. Interviewer: Get the kinks out? {NW} Or- or just you know you say well don't bother me now I'm- what? 434: Combing my hair. Interviewer: Or- 434: Yeah. Interviewer: If you're using the thing with bristles you'd say- Aux: Brush. Interviewer: How- 434: I'm brushing my hair. Interviewer: That's right. 434: Well you see now. Brush you and it makes a difference well if you brush mine it don't look no- Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # I just go in the bedroom come out with mine Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: There's not too much left huh? {X} 434: Ah Lord have mercy. Now when you get up this morning your hair tore all up {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: That the truth. 434: Yo hair's all messed up. Interviewer: #1 I have to spend some time in there don't I? # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # If- If you went in the bedroom come out and your wife said that she wouldn't know you. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Go back! Go back. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Might think you have a strange man in the house. 434: {X} {NW} Ah lord have mercy. Interviewer: You know you said you're- that friend of your's that came in yesterday is a barber? You reckon he has uh- does he- would he shave- does he still shave people with straight razors? 434: Not him. Interviewer: Not anymore? 434: {NW} Interviewer: #1 That might be a mistake huh? # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 Yeah I wouldn't {D: arrest him}. # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 I did {X} him in clippers. # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # See he's nervous- Nah he's- he's- His heart's bad. See I knowed him when he was young and had plenty of life about him See um Old {X} been cutting hair a long time. Long time. And this- this little girl he uh- he married I've seen her daddy bringing them to Sunday school {D: ward}. That's the reason why I've seen him while ago. {X} Now these men was leading these chillun to Sunday school and they cuss get drunk. Well now the Church of Christ spoke about you can't do that. It's a holy place. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Well you see now we got everything in our We got anything now these mens got killed yesterday is member of churches. You just think about it now, old liquor stores run by church folks. Dance halls run by church folks. Deer taverns run by church f- folks. Old sinner can't have a party a church folk give 'em and invite sinner. Now these mens is running up and down the road the other night and no doubt I'm pretty sure the white woman died. {NS} She left the hospital working And them in the road drunk and run into her. Interviewer: Doesn't seem right, does it? 434: That's right. {NS} Interviewer: Well anyway what I was talking about uh what's his name? M- mr Bob? Your friend? Well back when he used to cut hair did you- what would you call that thing- that- that big long leather thing the he sharpen tha- 434: A razor strap. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Now he shaved 'em and cut their hair too then. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Used straight razors. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You don't see those in the barber shop 434: #1 Don't see- # Interviewer: #2 downtown anymore. # 434: Don't see them nah they- that's used to all you see Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: was a straight razor. Interviewer: Yeah we were talking- you were talking bout hunting yesterday. You say uh- you'd use shells in a shotgun. What would you put in a revolver or a rifle? 434: Cartridge. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Talking bout- General when the- when you were a- a young boy did you ever play on something that uh might be you know anchored right there in the middle and the ends would go up and down? And they- 434: Flying Jenny. Interviewer: Is that what you call it? 434: That's right- now if this were a see-saw you talking about. Interviewer: Oh yeah go ahead- 434: It's going up and down this way you know. Interviewer: And you'd say the kids are doing what 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 out- # out in the backyard. 434: They see-sawing. Interviewer: Yeah. Uh-huh- 434: Well now this Flying Jenny I'm talking bout you cut a tree down Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: and split it and trim the stump and slip this over you. Interviewer: Yeah. 434: And one get on this end and one on the other then get it to going round and around, they call that a Flying Jenny ride, now that's the way children used to play. They don't do that now, they didn't have no buggies, no cars no- nothing {X} right then and they reared back and- Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Used swingers. They jump ropes. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of anything else that a- that a little- a little kid might play on that's uh- that's uh fixed at both ends you know instead of the middle and you jump up and down on the middle? Have you ever seen anything like that? Never seen anything like that? Okay. Uh. Let's see And- you know something that everybody has you know that might be suspended from a limb and you have a plank right there at the end of the rope? 434: Swinger. Interviewer: Yeah. 434: That's right. Interviewer: I bet you had one in your yard, didn't you? 434: Yeah used to have out in- {X} They got these new swingers you know and they- they call thesself {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: They go way up. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And I said now watching some little old kids in a swing and {X} some little other kids had never seen none of these what they- factory made you know it? They just went walking up to a bunch were they was scooping you know and just as you come up close enough they come back and caught 'em right under the {X} They tear that young {X} hit that fence and throw it in plastic bags. Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} Interviewer: #1 Oh my goodness. # 434: #2 {NW} # I bet you you see- I bet you never walk up on that {X} Interviewer: #1 I bet. # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: General we were talking about uh a fireplace a while ago, what would you call a- a container that you keep coal in next to a fireplace? 434: What you keep what? Interviewer: A container that you keep coal in. 434: Coal? Interviewer: Uh-huh. You ever seen one of those? 434: Ash bucket? Interviewer: Call it a- 434: Thing you put ashes in. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You have a different name for- would you have a different name for the container that you go out to the coal pile to bring stuff- some into the house? 434: Oh you talking about a scooter. Used to tote coal in. Interviewer: {D: Right.} Just a- 434: I was thinking what you - I was thinking about taking out the ashes out the #1 fireplace # Interviewer: #2 Oh. # 434: you know but- Interviewer: You call the thing that sits by the fireplace a scooter too? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: You see there's these things that you talking about they use coal for wood, they didn't tote in wood. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: But you have a bucket they call the ash bucket that take up ashes in and Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: like that I- I have to take up ashes out of my fireplace. Interviewer: Was a- was a scooter round or how was it shaped? 434: It was kinda shaped with a stop to it like this you know where you could pull the stuff out. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Just hold it up over the fire and shake it in like you wanted. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 It wasn't # round it had a made kinda- was a- stop to it on one side so you could turn- Aux: {X} And then a little bit {X} {D: holding} your bale and 434: #1 Catch the bale and catch in the side of it # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: and shake the stuff out. Aux: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # Aux: {X} Interviewer: What do you- uh {NS} 434: You would {X} Aux: {X} 434: #1 They use 'em in- # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: #1 Now we use 'em # Aux: #2 {X} # {X} I said what? I'm gonna get you a scooter I said I don't even know what a scooter- I can't use a scooter- Interviewer: #1 {NW} # Aux: #2 {NW} # {X} Interviewer: Oh. Aux: {D: Would you've brought it?} {X} Interviewer: What do you call that- the thing that runs from the stove up to the chimney General? 434: Pipes. Interviewer: Just pipes? 434: Stovepipes. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is there any difference between a flue and a stovepipe? 434: That's right, see the flue is on top of the house, that's them bricks. Interviewer: Oh. Uh-huh. What do you call uh something that you might use out in the yard for yard work that has uh a small wheel in the front and two long handles 434: #1 Uh- # Interviewer: #2 and # carry 434: #1 lawnmower. # Interviewer: #2 stuff. # A long l- 434: What you cut grass with. Interviewer: Well this- this isn't uh something that you cut grass but you might- you might put cement or a bag of something in it and just haul it you know? It's got a- 434: Wheelbarrow. Interviewer: Yeah. Yeah. #1 You ever use those? # 434: #2 {NW} # I used to have 'em. Interviewer: What would you call something that you would uh use for sharpening a side? Something that you would sharpen- 434: Uh file? Interviewer: A file or it might be a little- it's a round something that you could- 434: A rock? Wet rock. Interviewer: Wet rock? Uh-huh. 434: #1 See # Interviewer: #2 What wou- # that's a grinding stone what you talking about what you sharpen axes and things with. Round. But something like this would kinda put a fine 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 edge on it? # 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: {D: That's right.} Interviewer: Wha- what do you call- you know you said that you don't use uh wagons and buggies anymore people today use what to get around in? 434: Trucks Interviewer: #1 Trucks # 434: #2 and cars. # Interviewer: and cars yeah. Have you ever heard a car called anything else? 434: Never have. Interviewer: You know if- if- if you might have a- a hinge on your door squeaking there you might say you need to do what to get rid of the- 434: Grease it. Interviewer: Grease it? And if you greasing the thing and you got that stuff all a- over your hands you say you got your hands what? 434: Greasy. Interviewer: Yeah. That's a mess isn't it? 434: That's right. Interviewer: {NW} Oh. {NS} {NS} 434: Hands getting smutty. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Greasy. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: It made me re- it reminds me of a- {D: pipe} fella was telling about a- the preacher had a holy robe he- they rolled into church you know. Interviewer: Yeah. 434: {X} a light out and rolled. And said that there's a woman bragging on the preacher and another white lady said I'ma let you know what kind of preacher you got. And she taken herself and smutted it. Good and legs and put soot and just got 'em black. And she's good-looking and says soon as the light went out the preacher made it to her. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 434: He grabbed her legs and he feeled 'em and then he wiped his face. Interviewer: Oh no. 434: And there's a dark {X} you know and he's starts shouting and rolling and going on and he's sweating all and he just keep beating her and {D: rub all over his face} and see when the light come on {NS} folks thought a nigga had got in the meeting. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Oh whee. That there {X} 434: You {X} if I had been that preacher I'da sawed me a hole in the floor. Drop right down through it! Interviewer: {NW} That's about all he could do. 434: Had it been {X} the other night. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: Oh 434: #1 I wouldn't # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 434: want to meet them folks next day. {NW} Ah lord have mercy. Interviewer: {D: I bet.} Uh- 434: Is your mother and father living? Interviewer: {D: Uh-huh.} 434: They is? Interviewer: Both still are. They are about um- they're not very old- they're just about uh not much older than fifty. Both of 'em. I'm twenty-six. 434: Let us bless 'em. Have mothers and fathers. Only have but one. Interviewer: You remember how old you were when your folks died? 434: I reckon I was in my late twenties when my daddy died and I reckon I was around thirties when my mother died. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Did they live to be very old? 434: They wasn't so old. My daddy I think was about sixty years old. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Well um- We were talking about- a minute ago about greasing things you know? Uh Is there anything else that you might use to uh- to keep a hinge from squeaking other than grease? You might have a can of what? That you could put on- 434: We'll have a- a can of oil. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: {D: Pour} and keep it from squeaking. Interviewer: That'd be just about as good wouldn't it? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: You see those old wagon you was talking bout they used to have ol' grease they call wagon grease. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: You have to take the wheel off and grease it when it got to squeaking. Interviewer: What would you- what would you call that stuff that you use to burn in lamps General? 434: Kerosene? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is there another name for it? 434: A lot of peoples call it oil. Aux: #1 {X} # 434: #2 Kerosene oil. # Aux: #1 # 434: #2 # Aux: And some call it coal oil. 434: Huh? Aux: #1 Coal oil. # Interviewer: #2 Ever heard it called # coal oi- coal oil? Aux: Right. 434: Some folks call it coal oil but that's proper you know. The regular old name of it's kerosene. {NW} That's right. Interviewer: What uh- Have you ever- have you ever heard of a- a kind of a makeshift lamp or a kind of a temporary lamp you might make out of a bottle and a rag and some kerosene? 434: Flambeau Interviewer: You ever use those? 434: I have. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Stick a rag down in there and light it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. That work pretty 434: #1 {D: Pick a} # Interviewer: #2 good? # 434: light over there. Interviewer: It work all right? 434: It works alright. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Works alright. Interviewer: You know the- the tires that you have on cars today, do you know what you call the inside of that tire that you fill up with air? 434: That's it. Interviewer: Do you know what it's called? 434: No I sure don't. Aux: Inner tube. 434: You ever heard it called a- the inner tube? Oh what you run inside the tire that's right, the inner tube. Interviewer: Uh-huh. {NS} 434: I thought you was talking bout what a- the tire was made rough outside and got an inside lining in there you know, I just know it- that's- I reckon that's the way they tape it off {X} lay it smooth with this tube. Interviewer: Right. If uh- if somebody had just gotten through building a boat General they might wanna check it out they- you'd say well they gonna take it down to the- to uh the pond and they're gonna do what? What do you call it when they putting the boat in the water for the first time? You say they're gonna do what? 434: Try it out? Interviewer: Try it out or uh is there any special word that you'd use to- you know to- 434: Push it. Interviewer: Push it in or- Have you ever heard it called launch the boat? Never heard it called that? 434: I've never heard that. Interviewer: Okay. What kinda- what kinda boat would you use just to go fishing maybe in a small pond that you'd have to you know use oars on? What kind of boat would that be? 434: I don't know I can't tell much about them boats and things cuz I never been around 'em never have no dealing with 'em I used to cook for some boy scouts and I read one or two corresponds and I didn't wanna do that. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Don't like the water much huh? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Have you ever- well have you ever heard it called a rowboat? 434: A rowboat's what they call it. Interviewer: Yeah. Did uh- does a rowboat have a round bottom or a flat bottom or what? Just don't know? 434: I don't know. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Well uh there's some boys told me they got on a rowboat in the river down here. Interviewer: #1 Yeah? # 434: #2 {X} and Troy # you ever hear boys call theyself? Interviewer: Now there was a- there was a canoe race on the Pea River not too 434: #1 Now there's # Interviewer: #2 long ago. # 434: one of them rivers down {D: in river} Pea River's a big river and connector down here ain't it? Interviewer: That's right. But that was a long race. It lasted several hours. Were a lot of people in it. It was on- it was on television like you were. {NS} What uh- you know if- if a woman wants to go downtown to buy a dress and in order to make sure that she gets the right kind of material she might carry a little uh square of cloth with her to match it, what do you call that little s-square of cloth? 434: Scrap. Interviewer: Just a scrap? Uh-huh. Would you ever call it a- a sample? 434: A sample- Interviewer: #1 Sample- # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: A sample for the clothes she wanted. Interviewer: Yeah. Just a- just a sample piece of cloth? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You know if you- if you saw s- a little girl with uh- with a very becoming dress on you might say my that sure is a- what kinda dress? 434: Pretty? Interviewer: Yeah. Just a pretty dress. 434: {X} {NS} Interviewer: What would uh- what would you call that thing that {B} might wear over her dress in order to keep it from getting dirty in the kitchen? 434: Housecoat. Interviewer: Housecoat or maybe something that she could tie- 434: A row- a row- whatcha call a robe? Aux: Apron. 434: Apron? Interviewer: Yeah. Okay. And what do you- what do you call these things that uh- this thing right here that I write with? 434: Pencil. Interviewer: A pencil or if it has ink in it it'd be what? 434: Ink pen. Interviewer: Yeah. What about- what would you say that you- if you were going to put a diaper on a baby to hold that thing together you'd have to put what? 434: Safety pin. Interviewer: Yeah. What about uh- What would you drink in from a well? 434: Used to drink in a cup. A dipper. Interviewer: What was the cup usually made out of? 434: Tin. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You say uh- you know a dime is worth how many cents? What would a dime be worth, do you know? 434: Dime? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: {NS} Well I don't know. Interviewer: A nick- a nickle's worth five cents and a dime would be worth what? Aux: Ten cents. 434: Ten cents. Interviewer: Yeah. Uh-huh. That's good. You know in we- in weather like this if you go outside in order to keep warm you need to wear what around you? Need to put on a big heavy what? 434: A coat. Interviewer: Yeah. I wish I'd brought one with me. 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # When I go back out to the car I'm gonna need it. 434: {NW} Interviewer: Yeah. If you saw- if you'll- if you saw a coat with a lotta fancy uh buttons you'd say that- that coat sure has a lotta fancy buttons- 434: That's right. well that's what we'd say- and a lotta people'd buy it on account of the buttons. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And the coat may not be {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: But you just bought it cuz it had the buttons on it. 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever seen men get- dress up real fancy and they'd have a- they'd be wearing a coat and a shirt and sometimes over the shirt they wear something else that buttons up front, what do you call that? 434: Sweater? Interviewer: A sweater or is there any other word for it? You know some- sometimes these things don't have sleeves on 'em. 434: Slip- uh what they call them? Aux: A vest. Is that what you're talking about? Interviewer: You ever uh- you ever heard it called a vest? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Don't have no sleeves. {NS} Interviewer: That's right. {NS} That is right. What do you- well if you- if you have a suit then you have a- you have a- a coat, you might have a vest and what do you wear on your- what do you wear on your legs, what do you call that? You have to- you put on your what? 434: Yeah. Underwear? Interviewer: Well no. This would be what? You're wearin- 434: Oh. Garters? #1 What you talking b- # Interviewer: #2 No just- # just this. 434: #1 Oh. # Interviewer: #2 Right- # 434: Pants. Interviewer: Yeah. 434: Pants. Interviewer: Is there any special word that you'd use for the kind that you'd work in outside? Well you- {X} there's special use {X} 434: Brush. Aux: Yeah. Interviewer: And what about- 434: Pulley bone. Interviewer: Yeah. Aux: {X} {X} Interviewer: You know uh one of the- what do you- is there any special name for the larger bone on the pulley bone? The one that's bigger than the other one? No special name for that? 434: Oh and that pulley bone comes off the breast don't it? Aux: {B} Yeah. 434: Huh? Aux: Yeah. 434: Well that other part's connected to it cuz it'd be the breast. Take the breast piece of chicken. Interviewer: Uh-huh. But the pulley bone itself has you know- 434: It comes off this way. Interviewer: Yeah it has- it's #1 like two- # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: two pieces of #1 bones going together? # 434: #2 That's right. # Interviewer: #1 One's a little # 434: #2 That's right. # Interviewer: bit longer than the other one? 434: {X} Interviewer: But you wouldn't- you wouldn't have any special name for the long 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 part of it? # Why- why do children like to get that and pull it apart? 434: I don't Interviewer: #1 Any # 434: #2 know. # Interviewer: special reason? 434: I don't know, far as I can remember folks used to get that pulley bone they call it. Interviewer: Is there any kind of story maybe or superstition involved with that? 434: I don't reckon there is. Interviewer: Have you ever heard that if you- if you pull- Aux: You make a wish or something like that- Interviewer: Uh-huh. Supposedly if you- if you make a wish and it- after you pull the thing apart if you get the long part your wish will come true. Have you hea- ever heard anything like that? 434: I've heard that. Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: I used to pull it in two for {X} before I married her, trying to get her. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Thought I'd win a {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {NW} Interviewer: Ah. Well maybe there's something to it. What do you- General what do you call the- the inside parts of a hog that you can eat? 434: Chitlins? Aux: {X} 434: Ribs? Aux: Uh yeah. 434: Liver and light. Interviewer: What would you call all that together? 434: Well you'd call the liver and light, we'd make a hash. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And the chitlins'd having to be cleaned. Interviewer: Have you ever heard that called uh the {X}? 434: That's what that liver and light is a {X} There folks call it hash you know but the proper way is {D: haslet}. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: They cook it together with onions and pepper Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: A heart and the liver. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You- you uh- you like to eat chitlins General? 434: #1 {D: Yes sir I-} # Aux: #2 {X} # {X} Interviewer: {NW} I've heard tho- I've uh- if I've heard right those things don't smell too good when they cook do they? Aux: {X} 434: What? Chitlins? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: I cook 'em they do. 434: See if you cook 'em with the lid off #1 the scent leaves 'em. # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: But if you cook 'em in a pot and keep 'em shut up the scent is- that smell it- cooking back in 'em. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: It made me think about a man #1 cuz they went through {D: the chitlins supper} # Aux: #2 Took 'em a long time # to get 434: #1 They- # Aux: #2 'em # 434: carried his pocket full of corn. And said that folks had a {D: fake} chitlin supper and they had {X} and said everybody just praising the chitlins to the higher and just licking them up. A- nd this man had some corn in his pocket and you know they feed the hogs off the corn so he slipped the grain of corn in his mouth. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Say {all of a sudden he's stopping. Took that grain of corn out his mouth and laid it down by his plate and went to eat the chitlin. {NW} And said people began to look and {D; say otherwise} and caught another grain of corn and lay it down there and the folk went pushing {D: back to back} {X} #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 Oh me. # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 Mm. # That man had his corn in his pocket made like he getting it out of them chitlins. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Ah. Well if it was uh- if it was a time of day when you heard your- your cows start mooing you know and your horses were neighing you'd say my- my goodness I did- I didn't realize it was so late it's- it's getting right on to- Aux: Feeding time. 434: It's feeding time. {D: Gotta feed them} cows. Interviewer: That ever sneak up on you before? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Feeding time before you know it? 434: That's right. Interviewer: What would you call- how would you call to cows General in order to get 'em to come up from the pasture? What would you call to 'em? 434: {NW} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Heap of times you use feed 'em and you just walk out there and holler and they f- and they know you're hollering they'll come. See you don't have to call, just walk out and say hey! and that'll be- and they hears it and you hear a cow say Moo! somewhere. Interviewer: {NW} What would you- what would you call- what would you say to 'em to make 'em stand still while you're milking 'em? 434: {D: So} Interviewer: #1 S- say it- # 434: #2 {D: Running back} # Interviewer: Say it just like you'd say to 'em. 434: {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. What would uh- uh let's see what would you- what would you say to 'em to- to make 'em move a leg back? 434: Back your foot {D: fan}! {NW} Interviewer: {NW} What about- what about calling a calf? How would you call a calf? 434: {NW} Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about um- what would you call to the- to uh the mules to make 'em um go left when you're plowing? 434: Gee and haw. Interviewer: What means- what- what makes 'em- means go left? 434: #1 Haw- # Interviewer: #2 You wanna go left # 434: haw is to the left Interviewer: And the right- 434: Gee's to the right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about uh- where- where would you call the horses if you wanted to- to get 'em up from the pasture? How would you call to them? Aux: {X} {NS} 434: Well I'd whistle, I used to whistle. Interviewer: Just whistle the horses? 434: They'd hear you whistle and they come up a- now if you hear it {NS} and you been whistling, he comes to the house and you feed him when he hear that whistling he come in. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: A lot of 'em {D: brought those} cows in. Interviewer: If you were gonna- if you were riding a horse, what would you say to him to get him started? 434: Come up. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If uh- if he was already moving and you wanted him to go- 434: {D: Whoa}. So that I get ready for him. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Stand still! Interviewer: Uh-huh. If he- if he was already going along and you wanted him to go faster what would you say to him? Aux: {X} 434: I'd kick him in the sides. Interviewer: You wouldn't say anything? 434: #1 Just kick him? # Interviewer: #2 Just say # 434: {X} You know a lotta folks have a stud. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: When they want him to go faster they chase him with that stud, lotta people's have a switch. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And when you want him to go faster you tap him with that switch and then you just start- Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: traveling fast. Interviewer: How would y- how would you call your hogs when it's feeding time? 434: Pig. Aux: {X} Interviewer: Just say pig? Aux: {X} 434: Yeah. Aux: {X} 434: Pig pig pig pig. Interviewer: If they were- if they were a long way off would you say the same thing? 434: Same thing only louder. Interviewer: {NW} Aux: My daddy said- 434: You heard folks hollering- used to hear folks hollering from miles. Pig! Pig! Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Oh. What about- how would- I don't- Have you ever called sheep before? Or heard anybody call sheep? 434: I never heard nobody mess with no sheep. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: I've seen a lot of 'em but I didn't never see none of the man that's handle them fool around with 'em. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: I don't know how he done it there now he said- {X} He can't drive 'em they- he leads 'em. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Ho- how would you call to your chickens when you feed them? 434: Chicken. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If you uh had to get your horses ready uh to go somewhere you say you need to do what to get 'em ready? If you have- 434: Hitch 'em up. Interviewer: Hitch 'em up to the- 434: #1 Buggy or wagon. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # Uh-huh. 434: I even put a saddle on it. Interviewer: Would you say the same thing- would you say hitch 'em up if you were gonna plow with 'em? 434: That's right. Hitch 'em to a plow. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What uh- when you're plowing what do you call the things that you guide the mules with? 434: Plowline. Interviewer: The plowlines? What about- 434: The bridle. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about if it's- if they're on a buggy? What do you call those things that you uh- guide with? 434: Buggy? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Buggy whip? Aux: {X} 434: Or the things that you guide them with if they're on a Interviewer: #1 buggy. # 434: #2 Oh. # Bridle? Bits? Interviewer: That's the part in the horse's mouth- 434: That's right and you put a line on the bridle and pull the- guide the horse the way you want 'em is- which in lines. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about uh if you're riding a horse what do you guide him with? 434: Bridle range. Interviewer: The range? Yeah. What a- what do you call those things that you put your feet in when you're riding a horse? 434: Saddle stirrup. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about uh if you have two horses hitched up to the wagon what's the horse on the left called? Two horses hitched up to a wagon. Is there any special name for the horse on the left? 434: Not as I know of. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard it called the lead horse? Never heard it called- 434: Now I've heard of lead horses and mules where they have four mules hooked together and they'd have two back into the- the wheel Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And two in the lead and they call them lead mules. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Okay if- if someplace- if you're going someplace and it's- and it's not right close by you say well it's not far it's just a- What? 434: Well I might say it's- It's right out there {D: Piece} or something like that. Interviewer: Just right- 434: About a mile or something from here. It ain't far. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you- if you've been traveling a long time and you hadn't finished yet you might say that you still had a- to go before dark- Been traveling a long time and you- and you still not finished, you might- you might say that well I've still got a- 434: Uh well I still got a place to go yet. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. You know if- if- if uh you're looking for something and it's- it's a very common sort of thing- it's- it's not rare at all you don't have to look for it at any special place you'd say that you can find that just about- 434: Anywhere. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If somebody uh slipped on the ice outside and you fell this way you'd say that he fell- 434: On his face. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Or he may uh- or he fell uh on his face or he fell- Aux: {D: Backwards} 434: On the side? Aux: {X} Interviewer: Well if he- if he fell you know straight down like this he'd be falling which way? Now if he fell this way he'd be falling how? 434: Uh backwards he fell Interviewer: #1 But this w- # 434: #2 forward. # Interviewer: Uh-huh. {NS} Okay. If uh if you went out fishing General and somebody asked you if you caught any fish and you didn't have any- any- any luck at all you'd say no I didn't catch 434: Nothing. Interviewer: Nothing. Okay. What about uh- have you ever heard anybody say something else other than nothing? They might say I- I uh no I didn't catch I caught nothing or I caught- 434: Nothing. Interviewer: Just nothing? You ever heard anybody say they didn't catch {D: nary} one? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about uh you know if a- if a- if a little boy got in trouble at school and the teacher just got on to him he might say well why is she blaming me? I- What? If he didn't think he did- 434: I didn't do it? Interviewer: I didn't do anything? Okay. What about uh if somebody accidentally broke your rake that you had out in the front yard you might say well- well that's alright I didn't like it- Aux: {X} 434: Huh? Aux: You- 434: You didn't like it? Interviewer: Yeah if- if somebody broke your rake accidentally and you'd say well that's okay I didn't like it- Aux: {X} Interviewer: Would you s- ever say Aux: {X} Interviewer: Anyway or- 434: I didn't like it anyway. And you- I would say you shouldn't a done it. Interviewer: {NW} Oh. What if uh- have you ever seen a- a little child that might be crying and he'd say well my friend was eating candy and he didn't give me- 434: A piece. Interviewer: Didn't give me a piece or he didn't give me- he didn't give him one piece. 434: Didn't- didn't give me any. Interviewer: Didn't give him a thing right. Okay. If uh- Have you ever know any little children that were just really spoiled? Aux: {X} Interviewer: And you know they're- uh when- when- when he grows up you might say well that kid's gonna have his trouble if he- if you think he's probably gonna have his trouble when he grows up what would you say? Talking about this spoiled child. 434: Well that's- I'd figure his future life was ahead of him. And he {D:Unrighteousness, he's blast} to run into trouble. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Blast right into trouble? 434: That's if he- {D: if he wouldn't-} going in the right way he blast to run into trouble. Interviewer: That's the truth- 434: {D: Doesn't} mean nothing else but- Interviewer: What do you call- we were talking about plowing in the field, what do you call those trenches that are cut by the plow? In the ground? 434: {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. If you- if you have a real good yield uh during the season you might say well we raised a big {NS} What? {NS} 434: Raised {X} what now? Interviewer: If you got a real good yield. 434: Yeah. Interviewer: You know you might say well we raised a big- of cotton or whatever a big- 434: You raised big corp of peanuts {D: of} cotton. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. What about uh- What do you call a piece of land that's just been uh- that's just- well if you go- if you got rid of all the- the bushes you know and trees on a piece of land what would you say you did to it? 434: Cleaned it up. Interviewer: Cleaned it up? Uh-huh. And if uh if you cu- if you cut 'em down to make a road through the woods let's say to a logging camp, what would you say you did? 434: Say you cut you a road to- to the camp Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: You made your own road. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is there anything that you- what would you call that piece of land after you cleared it? Anything spe- 434: New ground. Interviewer: New ground? Uh-huh. What do you call uh- what do you call clover or grass or whatever when it comes up again right after you cut it? 434: Well that clover is a mighty fine {D: feed for cows} Interviewer: Uh-huh. What would you call the second cutting of clover? 434: I don't know what you'd call the second- Interviewer: Uh-huh. Do you know what you'd call the uh- the just old dried dead grass that's been left over on the ground? 434: {D: That's right}. Call it hay. Interviewer: Just call it hay? Have you ever heard it called uh aftermath or lattermath? 434: I never have. Interviewer: Never heard it called that? Okay. What uh- what kinds of grain do yo- do you have besides corn? {NS} Aux: {X} 434: Well there's no other kind. Grain and that corn but you have other seeds you know? Interviewer: Like what? 434: Cotton seeds. Okra seeds. Squash seeds. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: {X} 434: Turnip seeds, colored seeds. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: He said grass, that ain't no grass. 434: You talking about grass seeds? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Oh. Well there's a grass they call crab grass. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Then there's a grass they call uh nut grass. Interviewer: Well I'm- I'm really talking about- I guess you know just some kind of grain besides corn- 434: You talking about grain? Interviewer: Yeah. 434: Well {D: then} You ain't talking about grass you talking about grain well you see after you leave corn there ain't no other grain like- seeds like corn that winds up that now your beans seeds, don't tally with corn. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: How bout your okra- 434: And your okra seed Aux: #1 Oats! # 434: #2 don't- # Huh? Aux: Oats. 434: Oats! Interviewer: What a horse eats? 434: Now you's- you uh- you sow oats. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: That's a grain. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you- you ever seen much wheat? 434: I seen wheat and oats. And rye. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you- what do you tie up wheat up into? After you cut it? 434: Well you see they- they beat the wheat out and make flour out of it and bale the hay and feed it to something that will grind it up into {D: something else} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: See they- they- these big root farms got a thing that'll thrash out that wheat. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And they make flour out of it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever seen a- a bungle of wheat? Something like that? 434: I seen big fields of it in Jersey cuz I didn't never see 'em killing none of that. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You know what they would call uh the bundles- they pile the bundles into something? You know what that's called? They take all these bundles of wheat and- and pile them into something? 434: In the barn. Aux: In stacks. Interviewer: Have you ever heard- have you ever heard a pile of these wheat bundles called a- uh called a shock? You ever heard of a shock of wheat? 434: Well I've heard of corn being shucked. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. 434: And they might shuck wheat I don't know. Interviewer: About how much- how much corn to the acre would be considered a good yield? 434: Well a acre of corn- You mean how much it would produce? Interviewer: Uh-huh, what would be considered real good? 434: You know {D: put that} around seventy- a hundred acres I mean bushels of stuff would {D: pour} sweet grain I mean fertilize- right you know it'll make put it close to seventy-five, a hundred bushels. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Uh If uh- if you and another man have to do some kind of job if you told him about it you'd say what d- you and- you and 434: The other fellow. Interviewer: Well let's say if you and somebody else had to do a certain job and you were telling him about it you'd say well you and- have to do this job 434: Yeah. Interviewer: You and who? 434: You and the man who Interviewer: #1 If you were- # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: If you were gonna have to do it too 434: Yeah. Interviewer: along with him you'd say you and- 434: And me. Interviewer: Right. 434: That's right. Interviewer: #1 {X} # 434: #2 That's right. # Me and you. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And if uh- {NS} if uh- if we had to do a job together and you were telling me about it then you'd say well both of- 434: Of us. Interviewer: gonna have to do this 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 job. # Right. If uh- if some friends of yours and you were coming over to see me you'd say that uh who's coming over? And you were telling me about it. If you and some friends were coming over to see me you'd say that 434: Me and my friends'll be over to see you. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Well if you- if you went up to somebody's house and you knocked on the door and they'd say who's there and uh they know- they recognized your voice and you'd say well it's just 434: Me! Interviewer: Uh-huh. And uh you know if were sitting here expecting somebody and uh a man knocks on the door you'd say ah it's only- If it's a man you'd say it's only- What? {D: Not any-} 434: I would tell him- if- if he knocked on the door I would tell him to come in. Or if I open the door I'd tell him to come in. Interviewer: Okay and when you saw him you'd say oh it's just nobody in particular- just a man, you'd say oh it's- 434: Go away? Interviewer: No would you say- Aux: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 that's jus- just say- it's him? # Or it's just him? #1 If it's- # 434: #2 Yeah. # Interviewer: a woman you'd say what, it's- 434: Man and wife. Interviewer: Well just the woman by herself you'd say it's just- Aux: Her. 434: A pair? Interviewer: Just- just one- just one 434: #1 Just one? # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Uh-huh. You'd just say it's Aux: It's {X} Interviewer: #1 It's {X} # Aux: #2 It's this. # Interviewer: It's her? 434: That's him uh the woman? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would you say it's her? 434: It's- no I'd say it's him Interviewer: What if it was a woman? 434: I'd say it's her. Interviewer: Right. Okay. If it was uh- if it was both of 'em together you'd say it's- 434: Man and wife. Interviewer: Okay- Aux: {X} 434: Got two together. Aux: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Okay # Would you say it's- would you say it's them? 434: I'd say them. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Now comparing how tall you are you might say well he's not as tall as- 434: As she. Interviewer: What if you're talking about yourself? 434: Yeah. Interviewer: He's not tall as 434: As me. Interviewer: That's right. {NS} And uh again if you're comparing how tall you were you might say well I'm not as tall as- 434: As he. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Well if you were talking about how well you can do something you might say well he can do it better than- 434: Me. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You know if somebody's been running for about two miles and then he had to stop you say well two miles is his- 434: Limit. Interviewer: It's his limit. About as far as he could go- 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. Now if somebody- if something belongs to me you'd say that it's- you'd say that it's- 434: {D: It's} It's your's. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And if it- if it belongs to both of us you'd say it's- 434: It's your- both of you. Interviewer: #1 No both of us- it would b- # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 # Aux: #2 # Interviewer: If it belonged to 434: Both of y'all? Interviewer: Us together 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 434: I wouldn't know how to fix that. Interviewer: Would you say uh Aux: {X} Interviewer: would you say it's ours? 434: It's ours. Interviewer: Yeah if it belonged- 434: Now that'd be the thing I'd say it's ours Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about if it- if it belonged to a group of people over there. If it belonged to them you'd say it's- 434: It belonged to them over there. Interviewer: Okay. If it uh if it belonged to him you'd say well that's not mine it's 434: It's his. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If it belonged to a woman, that's not mine it's- 434: It's hers. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. If uh- if somebody's come to visit you and they're just about to leave you might say well come back again 434: Yeah. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If you were talking to- if you were talking to just one person you'd say well if I was about to leave and you wanted me to come back again sometimes what would you say to me? 434: Come back. Interviewer: Okay if you were talking to several people and you wanted them to come back again what would you say to them? 434: I'd say you all come back. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh. Now let's see if- if somebody's car was out on the road and it belonged to several people you know you might say to them well you better not leave it there because somebody's going to run into 434: Run into my car. Interviewer: Alright if it belonged to a group of several people what would you #1 say? # 434: #2 Yeah. # I'd say it belonged to well a certain group of peoples- Interviewer: Well- 434: The car was {D: drawn to}? Interviewer: Say there are three people sitting out there and the car belongs to them and you might tell them well you- uh get that car off the road because somebody's gonna run into- 434: To your car. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard anybody- you know I heard you say you all minute ago, have you ever heard anybody say uh you all's or y'all's? Would you ever use that word? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Would you say y'all's 434: Y'all- Interviewer: Would you say you better uh somebody's gonna run into y'all's 434: #1 Y'all's # Interviewer: #2 car? # 434: car is uh- well if two or three of them are sitting there was on the car I wouldn't know which one it was I'd just say y'all's car. Interviewer: That's right. Yeah. Uh If you were- If there'd done a party going on somewhere and you were asking about the people at the party you might say well if you wanted to know who's been there what would you say? If you want to know about all of 'em? How would you ask me that? 434: Now that's who all is at the party. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Speaking about all of 'em together? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And if you were asking about uh what somebody said and you wanted to know everything that he said, what would you say? What would you ask? 434: What did he say about so and so something like that. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would you ever say what all did he said? 434: Yeah heap of times. Say what all did he said. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Well if you could remember all that he said you- you might tell him what you if you couldn't you couldn't, could you? Interviewer: That's right. {NW} Oh If uh if no- if nobody else will look out after them you have to say that they have to look out for 434: Theyself. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If uh- if nobody else will do it for him you'd say that he ha- he'd better do it- 434: He have to do it hisself. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # Aux: #2 {D: For himself} # Interviewer: #1 # Aux: #2 # Interviewer: Uh. You know anything much about bread General? What's kinds a- what kinds of uh bread do you- do you know about? Different kinds of bread. 434: Cornbread. Biscuit. Light bread. Interviewer: What do you call uh- are there- do you know of any different types of cornbread? {NS} 434: I know of some kind they call- Aux: {X} 434: {X} Corn meal. Interviewer: Have you ever heard of something like uh {NS} the kind that doesn't have anything in it except corn meal, salt, and water? Do you know what that is? 434: Sure don't. Interviewer: #1 {X} # 434: #2 Trying to # Aux: #1 You don't. # 434: #2 think. # Interviewer: Corn meal- 434: What? Corn meal- Interviewer: Just has corn meal, salt, and water in it. 434: That's what's called plain corn bread. Interviewer: Just plain corn bread? 434: Yes you see you don't have {X} it up. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Do you ever- do you remember any kind of corn be- bread that uh people talked about making in front of the fire on a board? Or something like that? 434: I've heard of ash cakes in the fireplace wrapped up in ashes now I never heard of no cooking on a board. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of these things that are- that are kind of small and- and round-shaped and they have a little onion and green pepper in 'em and you might eat 'em with fish? Aux: Hush puppies. Interviewer: You ever had any hush puppies? 434: I've had that plenty of times. Interviewer: #1 {X} # 434: #2 Hush puppies. # Aux: Yeah they bring {X} 434: Say you put pepper in 'em? Aux: Uh-huh. What about- have you ever heard of something that you might uh boil in- in cheese cloth along with beans or greens or uh something with chicken made out of cornmeal? You ever heard of that? Don't know what that is? Uh-huh. What about uh- have you ever heard of the type of cornmeal that you cook in a real deep pan {NS} and it comes out real soft and you dish it out like you might dish out potatoes? Have you ever heard of that? 434: I've seen it. Interviewer: You've seen it? But you don't know what it is? 434: I- I- they call it- egg bread don't they {X} Aux: You can cook egg bread or- 434: And it runs over. Aux: You can cook- 434: And the- #1 {X} # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: something other end of the {X} something in it will shrivel up and run over the pan. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Do your- have you ever heard of corn dodger? 434: Corn dodgers? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: I've heard them put in a {D: ton} of greens. Interviewer: It's just something to cook along with your greens? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You know there're generally two kinds of bread there's a- the type of- there's homemade bread and then there's the kind of bread that you buy at the store, what's that called? What would you call that? Not homemade bread, there's nothing like {D: there for me} homemade bread and- and what else? 434: Well this light bread come out the store, don't it? Aux: At the store. Interviewer: Well would you just call it- would you ever call it uh bought bread? 434: That's right, that's what it oughta be called. Bought bread. Aux: #1 {X} # 434: #2 They bought all of it # Huh? Aux: Loaf. Interviewer: Just a loaf of bread or something like that? What do you call uh something that's- that- that's fried in deep fat and it has a hole right in the center of it? Aux: Donuts. 434: Donut. Aux: Uh-huh. {D: I could eat them things} {NW} Interviewer: Is there any other name for a donut you've ever heard of? What about if you- if you had a- if you just uh took a lump of this donut dough and you- you put it without making a hole in it is there any special name for that? 434: I think they'd call that a biscuit. Interviewer: Just a biscuit? 434: It's a biscuit with no hole in it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Now I {X} I thought they cut that hole in there, don't they? That's right. Usually do. What do you call something that you- you know you make up a lot of batter and then you- you might th- fry three or four of these at a time you know you pour 'em out into the frying pan, what would you call those? You might eat 'em with syrup and butter. 434: Pancake. Interviewer: Have you ever heard of pancakes called anything else? 434: That's right nothing else but pancake, lotta folk call 'em batter cakes. Interviewer: Batter cakes? Uh-huh. Would- would pancakes always made- be made out of wheat flour? 434: Out of good flour and eggs. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would it ever be made uh- uh would part of it ever be made out of cornmeal? Would it still be a pancake? Aux: Yes. 434: I think they make it out of sweet-meal, don't they? Aux: You said you put your meal in {X} and then you make wa- waffles? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: I don't want no meals in my pancakes. Interviewer: {NW} You just want it with flour huh? 434: That's right. Aux: {X} Interviewer: Talking about flour, about how much flour comes in a big sack? 434: Sometime they get forty-eight pound, twenty-five pound Interviewer: Uh-huh. Talking- 434: Them bigguns is forty-eight pounds. Interviewer: What do you call that stuff that you use to make bread rise? 434: {X} Interviewer: What do you call the stuff that you use to make bread rise? 434: Soda. Interviewer: #1 Soda? # Aux: #2 Baking # powder. Interviewer: Okay. Aux: {X} Interviewer: Alright. You know it might come in a little package and it's kinda dry? #1 Something like that? # Aux: #2 Yeast. # Interviewer: #1 # Aux: #2 # Interviewer: Did you ever call it yeast? 434: Yeah {X} They use that for light breads {X} use it in biscuits and Aux: {D: I don't think}- 434: #1 She use it in rolls. # Aux: #2 {X} # Rolls {X} Interviewer: What- what do you call the inside part of an egg? 434: Egg. Interviewer: Yeah the inside part. 434: {NW} Let's see. Interviewer: you know there are the two parts of an egg, one part's the- one part's the white the other parts the what? Aux: {X} Interviewer: I think he's- What the in- what you call the inside part of an egg you know the one parts the- 434: Yellow? Interviewer: Yeah. Right. Okay. If you- if you talking about eggs- if you cooked 'em in hot water what would you call 'em? 434: Boiled. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about if- if you cracked 'em open and let 'em fall into the- 434: Poached Interviewer: hot water- 434: egg. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What would you call the type of- of meat that you might boil with greens? 434: Fat back. Interviewer: Fatback? What if it- what if it didn't have any lean on it? Would you still call it fatback? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What if it had a whole lotta lean on it? 434: You'd still call it fat Interviewer: #1 you ever # 434: #2 back # Interviewer: call it fatback? Okay. When you- when you cut off- when you cut the side of a hog what do you call it? What's that you're cutting off the side? 434: Middling? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Hams? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Shoulders off of this sides. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Or that- that stuff- the thin sliced meat that you might eat at breakfast? 434: #1 That's- # Interviewer: #2 What's that? # 434: Call that your bacon, that's middling. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever- would you ever call uh that somebody had smoked meat? 434: That's right. Interviewer: If you eat with breakfast? 434: See you cure it hang it up and smoke it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And you go in smokehouse and cut you down a piece for breakfast. It's good eating too. Interviewer: You know you- you see some bacon that- that uh what is it that you have to cut off on the edge of the bacon before you- 434: Skin. Interviewer: Just the skin? Do some people try to eat that? 434: You can eat it if you fry it right Interviewer: Is that right? 434: That's right. Aux: {X} Interviewer: What do you call- what do you call the stuff that you- you grind up and- and you season and then you stuff it into a a casing something 434: #1 Sausage? # Interviewer: #2 like that? # Uh-huh. What- what would you call the man who sells meat? 434: Meat man. Interviewer: Just a meat man? Would you ever call him a butcher? Aux: Butcher. 434: Well I call the man that killed the hog the butcher Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: The one that do the cutting up and killing is the butcher. But the man that bootlegs out, he's the meat man. Interviewer: {NW} Ah. If- if you kept meat too long you might say what happened to it? You kept it too long and you can't eat it anymore? 434: Well it had- Aux: Rank. 434: get so rank 'til you couldn't eat it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Then you had to throw it away Interviewer: You just got a whole lotta- 434: That's right. Aux: Waste. Interviewer: #1 You ever call it # 434: #2 Waste. # Interviewer: spoiled meat? 434: That's right, it didn't spoiled it just got {X} dry and- and strong you couldn't eat it, it'll get to where it gets so strong that- it- it makes- after it get like that you boil turnips and collards with it and it's- it puts the flavor to that. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What i- what do you call the stuff that you make by cooking and grinding up hog liver? 434: Hog livers? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever cooked 'em? You know, grind 'em up and cook it? Aux: {D: Liverwurst}. 434: What's it called that, we made some of it. Interviewer: Did you ever call it uh liver sausage? 434: They might have called it liver sausage they season it kinda like they do sausage. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Did you ever make anything out of hog blood? Aux: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 Somebody's- # somebody's tried to do something with the- I ain't. {NS} {D: Never fooled with the blood). Interviewer: You ever heard of uh blood sausage or blood pudding? 434: I never #1 did. # Interviewer: #2 Stuff like that? # Aux: {X} Hey you kids want some hog? {X} 434: Yes. Aux: {X} Those have blood in 'em. A blood pudding, I said I don't wanna see that. {NW} Interviewer: {NW} 434: See you can't- you can't say the blood out of a hog was nothing {D: best years} at a slaughter pen. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Did you- you kn- you know yesterday we were talking bout head cheese? Did you ever take the- the juice from the head cheese and stir it up with cornmeal or maybe some hog meat and cook it? And then after it gets cold, slice it up and fry it? 434: Well that's what we call a Aux: {X} 434: sauce. Aux: {X} Interviewer: That would just be the sauce? 434: You see you- you take that and slice it and fry it and eat it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: With cornbread. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of scrapple? 434: Sausage? Interviewer: Just scrapple. 434: Scrap meats? Interviewer: Scrapple. 434: Sc- I never Interviewer: #1 Never heard of that? # 434: #2 heard of that. # Interviewer: Or cripple? Scrapple or cripple? Never heard of that? Okay. If you- if you kept your butter too long and it didn't taste good, how would you say it tasted? 434: I'd say it tasted bad and rank. Interviewer: Rank? Would you ever say it might be rancid? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Just rancid? Uh-huh. What do y- what do you call thick sour milk that you keep around that you can use? 434: Buttermilk. Sourmilk. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard it called clabber? 434: I've seed it. Clabber that's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Do you know what you can make out of the clabber? 434: Nothing but biscuits. Interviewer: Biscuits? 434: Drank it. Make bread out of it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You know some people- you put this on salads. It's kinda white looking stuff- 434: That's right. Interviewer: What do you call that? The stuff that uh you might put it on a green salad or fruit salad or something like that? Aux: Mayonnaise? Interviewer: It's- it's not mayonnaise, it's kind of a it's uh- Aux: Cream? Sour cream? Interviewer: Not exactly it's- it's more of a- of a solid substance {D: in there} you know uh- you ever had any cottage cheese? Aux: {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: Sure have. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: I have- you going to sleep again? 434: No I ain't. Interviewer: {NW} Uh General after you got through milking the cows what was the first thing that you had to do with the milk to get all the dirt and impurities out of it? 434: {X} Aux: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 After- # Once the milk was in the pail what did you have to do- 434: Strain it. Interviewer: Yeah. And that'd get rid of all the dirt. 434: That's right. Interviewer: And impurities? Have you ever had anything after you've finished a main meal a kind of a dessert you know? It's uh- it's not exactly like a pie but it's uh it's baked in a deep dish you know and it has uh- migh- maybe made of apples with a crust on top. What would you call that? 434: Apple pie. Interviewer: Apple pie or- If it's not exactly a pie- maybe it might be thicker than a pie you know? 434: Yeah. Interviewer: Or uh except you know it might have uh several layers of fruit. Would you call that anything except a pie? Maybe a- made out of peaches or apple and it's not exactly a pie? 434: Well I {X} and I always did call that- Aux: {X} 434: Dessert. Interviewer: Yeah. 434: After you eat your meal that is special afterwards you know? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Have- would you ever call it uh apple cobbler? Aux: {X} Interviewer: #1 Never- # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: I didn't- {X} Interviewer: Not apple cobbler? Okay. Aux: That's what it was. Interviewer: Well if somebody has a real good appetite- really likes to eat you might say {NW} Look at him he sure likes to put away the- 434: Food. Interviewer: Put away the food? 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 Have you # ever heard anybody say He sure likes to put away his {D: vitals}? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. I think we had that in common. 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # {NW} Talking about uh some things to eat you might be eating a pudding or something like that and some people have this sweet sauce that uh they like to pour over the pudding. Uh would you just call that a sauce? Or would you call it anything else? 434: Well that's all I'd call it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What would you call anything that you'd eat between meals? Say you're just gonna have yourself a what? 434: Lunch. Aux: Snacks. Snacks. Interviewer: Something- 434: Snack. Interviewer: Just a snack? 434: It's a snack between meals. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. What- what time do you have your breakfast usually? 434: What do I have for breakfast? Interviewer: What- what time do you have it? 434: What time? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Around seven-thirty. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And you might say yesterday at that time I had already done what? 434: #1 Eat. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Uh-huh. If you're through with your breakfast #1 and you might # 434: #2 That's right. # Interviewer: say last week I- Last week I 434: Had my meals at seven thirty. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. If you- if you don't wait- if your- if your hot and you just got in from doing some work you might be real thirsty what would you drink probably? 434: Drank water. Interviewer: Right might have a glass of- 434: That's right. Cold water. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What would- what would you uh What- what was the thing that you drank it out of at the table? You'd usually drink it out of- 434: A glass. Interviewer: A glass? Uh-huh. Do you have uh- is there any particular name for a glass that might be taller than an ordinary glass? Aux: #1 {X} # 434: #2 {X} # Now there's glass they call gob- goblet or what they call them? Aux: {X} 434: It ain't- it- some of them might- there's water at the top but some of them ain't much taller. Aux: Uh-huh. {X} Interviewer: If- say if I if somebody asks you how much you drink you might say well I- a lot of it. I do- 434: I don't know I drink about a quart. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And then we- if I- after I ask you you might turn around and ask me well how much do- 434: How much do you drink? Interviewer: Yeah. I drink a lot too when I get hot. 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # {NW} 434: {NW} Interviewer: What would you say to somebody who's sitting around- who's standing around the table and the dinner's ready and it's on the table but what would you say to him? Well go ahead and- 434: Help yourself. Interviewer: Well before they help theirselves they- they- if they're standing up you tell 'em to do what? 434: Have a seat. Interviewer: Okay. Would you say the same thing to a- a stranger as you would to a- a close friend? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Still tell 'em to say- 434: That's right. Interviewer: You'd still have a seat? Uh-huh. Okay. So after they sat down if no one else was sta- was standing you would say that they had all- 434: Sit down. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If uh there's some potatoes on the table and you don't want somebody to wait until the potatoes are passed to 'em you might say well go ahead and do what? 434: Go ahead and reach? One. Get you one. Interviewer: Or maybe go ahead and help yourself? 434: Help yourself. Interviewer: Uh-huh. So- So if you did you'd say he went ahead and 434: Help theirself. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And since he had already- I asked him to pass 'em over to me. I asked him to pass 'em to me after he had already- 434: {D: Had one of 'em} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Well if you sitting down to eat and you decide that you don't want to eat something if somebody passes it to you you'll say I don't- 434: {D: No thank you} Interviewer: No thank you? 434: I don't want 'em. Interviewer: #1 {X} # 434: #2 I don't eat- # I don't like that or something like that. Thank you. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Or I don't care for any of that? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. What do you call- if uh- if some food has been cooked and served a second time what do you call that? You say it's been what? 434: I don't know. Leftover. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would you- would you say if- if you had something more than you could eat on Sunday maybe on Monday you'd eat it and you would say that you're having what? Aux: Leftovers. Leftovers. Interviewer: If you- if you had a meal on Sunday you know 434: Yeah. Interviewer: And you couldn't eat all of it on Sunday you might have it on Monday- and you say that your- on Monday you're having- 434: Leftover. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Pretty much the same thing? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. After you put your food in your mouth you begin to do what? 434: Chew. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Sometimes some meats so tough it's about all #1 you can do to it, isn't that right? # 434: #2 {NW} # I spit it out. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {NW} Sometimes it's uh- you might say that uh- have you ever had your throat real sore and it was so sore that it took everything you could do to- 434: Well I have never had it that bad. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: #1 I've had something- # Interviewer: #2 You could- you could barely do # what? You could barely do what it was so swollen? Aux: Swallow. Or- 434: Swallow. I couldn't swallow. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Well ah you take your time about swallowing then. Interviewer: {NW} That's right, you might get so choked up- 434: That's right. Interviewer: General have you ever taken some corn meal and boiled it maybe with some salt and water and eaten it that way? We- what would you call something like that? Have you ever seen anybody eat anything- 434: I ain't never seen it but I hear them call it {D: kush}. Interviewer: Is that right? 434: #1 Well if # Interviewer: #2 I wonder what it t- # 434: you boil meal and salt Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: together. Interviewer: Uh-huh. I wonder what it would taste like, it doesn't sound too good- 434: I ain't never tasted- Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {NW} 434: You know folks- they hear peoples eating different ways people- something that me and you couldn't stand some folks loves. Interviewer: That's the truth. 434: Good {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. My- uh my brothers real peculiar about what he'll eat, he just won't eat some things. {D: Ah he'd tell you} one of 'em uh I think it's Phillip just won't eat squash. And I just love the stuff. But he won't touch it. 434: {D: He won't?} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Just doesn't love it. Don't know why. Tal- talking about squash and you know carrots and peas and- and beets and that sort of thing what would you call all that? Those are all what? 434: Food? Interviewer: They're food but it's not like meat, they're all- 434: Different- {X} Squash you said? Interviewer: Yeah squash or beans- 434: Vegetables- Interviewer: Yeah they're all vegetables. 434: That's right. Interviewer: If you raised them- if you raised 'em at home what would you call 'em? Instead of buying them at the store you- you'd say I'm having- Aux: {X} Interviewer: You know these are the ones that you've raised outside, out back somewhere, you didn't buy 'em from the store. Would you call 'em anything different? 434: I would. Fresh vegetables. Interviewer: #1 Just fresh vegetable? # 434: #2 Vegetables. # Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would you ever call it homegrown vegetables? 434: Well that's- that's what it ought to be homegrown Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: stuff. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: See you grow that at your place you don't know where this come from. Interviewer: That's right. What would you call a- a small place near your house where you grow your vegetables? You say you're gonna go out 434: #1 Garden. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Work in the garden. Uh-huh. What's the- the kind of food that you usually have uh you might have with your breakfast, you might have it with sausage and eggs and it's uh- it's made out of whole grains of corn. after the outside cover's been removed. 434: Whole grains of corn? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: You know these. 434: What? Aux: Huh? {X} 434: No he {X} Interviewer: What are you talking about? 434: {X} Interviewer: Okay- well that- I wanted to ask you about that too. Have you ever eaten any of that? 434: #1 Sure # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 434: You? Interviewer: Oh yeah. {NW} Aux: {X} Interviewer: #1 Yeah I like- # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: {D: He's doing it to me.} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: Well I see it. {X} Interviewer: Okay. Now some people when they eat meat they might have uh mashed potatoes or something with the meat and some people might have something else. What- what might you have other than mashed potatoes with meat? To go with it? 434: Bread is what I prefer. Interviewer: Might have bread. 434: That's right. Interviewer: This is uh- what other kind of- of starchy food might you have? Uh this- this is grown in Louisiana a lot. You know what I'm talking about? White stuff that you might put gravy over? Aux: Rice. {X} 434: What? Aux: Rice. 434: Rice and grits? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. What uh- we were talking about this yesterday you know you were talking about those two fellows who were in that wreck. And you said they were both probably drunk. What- what kind of alcohol do you suppose they were drinking? You think it was- alcohol bought at the store or something else? 434: I think this was something they made. Interviewer: What would you call that? 434: Rum. Interviewer: Rum? {NS} Uh-huh. {NS} Is that what you would uh- usually call that kind of cheap whiskey? 434: That's right. Interviewer: The homemade stuff? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Call it rum. Uh-huh. If it's- have you ever heard of this kind of homemade whiskey that hasn't been distilled? So it wouldn't be so high-powered? Have you ever heard anything like that? Uh-uh. Have you ever- have you ever heard the- the- the word splo? What does that mean? 434: Well explode it's- it's like a lamp or something would explode. With fire. Interviewer: Well I- I don't know I think this means some kind of uh whiskey or alcohol, it's just called splo. You ever heard of that? 434: I ain't never heard of that. Interviewer: Never heard of that? Okay. 434: {X} Interviewer: If- if {B} was in the kitchen and she's cooking something and it- and it makes a good impression on your nose you might say {NW} just- that sure does- 434: Smell good. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Talking about eating breakfast uh what do you call that stuff that you make out of cane- you know you crush 434: #1 Sugar? # Interviewer: #2 the cane? # Uh-huh. Is there any other type uh might not necessarily be syrup, might be thicker than syrup? {NS} What would you call that? 434: Syrup cakes? Interviewer: Uh. Ah well it looks likes syrup except it just might be thicker and richer. 434: Oh. Look like syrup? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: Jelly. 434: That's jelly, you cut it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Would you- would- would you use- ever say uh that molasses and syrup are the same thing? 434: That's right. Well that's what peoples call it molasses and some call it syrup. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. If that- if the molasses was- was really thick you might say that- that molasses 434: Is too thick. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. If- talking about the syrup again what kind of syrup do you like? Do you like uh maple syrup or cane syrup- 434: I like cane syrup. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And if that- if that syrup wasn't- wasn't imitation syrup it's you- you'd call it what? It's not imitation it's- 434: It's {X} It's real syrup. Interviewer: Real syrup or you might say it's uh Aux: {D: pew} syrup. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Alright would say it's a gen- Would you say it's genuine syrup? 434: That's right, I reckon that's what it would be {D: right} for it to be genuine syrup. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. If- if sugar isn't packaged but it's just weighed straight out of the barrel you'd say that that- how would you say that sugar's being sold? It's not being sold packaged but it's sold how? 434: Pound. Interviewer: By the pound or- 434: By the pound. Interviewer: Alright would you ever say it's being sold in- in bulk? Bulk sugar? 434: Ah that's right it'd be bulk sugar. Interviewer: Or just- 434: In- in uh- in pound packages. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Alright. Would you ever say it's just being sold loose? If it's just straight out of the barrel? 434: That's right. Well you see they used to weigh it out of the barrel but- Interviewer: Uh-huh. But it's all packaged now- 434: That's right now they pack- {D: they got it} in packages now. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you have on your kitchen table that you use to season your food with? 434: Salt. Interviewer: Anything else? 434: Salt and pepper. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If there's a bowl of fruit on the table and after you got finished with your meal somebody might hand you the bowl and it might have a- apples and peaches in it and they might say well why don't you have a peach? And you say well no thank you but uh why don't you give me- 434: Orange? Interviewer: Well if- if you just had- if you just had peaches and apples in it, you don't want a peach well you say well give me- 434: An apple. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You like apples General? 434: I like 'em. Scrape 'em with a spoon. Interviewer: Is that right? If uh- if somebody said to you well it- it wasn't these boys right here it must've been one of- 434: The others over there. Interviewer: Okay. If uh if you was trying to- if you were trying to tell somebody where somebody lived you'd say well he doesn't live here, he lives 434: Over yonder. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And if you were trying to tell somebody how to do something you might say well don't do it this way- don't do it that way do it- 434: This way. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If uh if somebody was talking to you and you didn't hear what he said what would you say to him? 434: What you said? Interviewer: Uh-huh. If uh if a man has a lotta money he doesn't have to worry about too much but you might that life's hard on a man- 434: Hard on a man when he's Interviewer: Life- life's pretty easy for a man who has a lot of money but it's not easy for a man 434: Well it- it don't have the money? Interviewer: That's right. 434: Heap of times it's- it's easier on the man that don't have the money {X} Interviewer: How would that be? 434: A man said a man the man who had plenty of money he say he can't sleep at night {X} Scared somebody gonna rob the bank, get his money. Interviewer: That's a good point. 434: {NW} Interviewer: What do you- what would call the place where uh a lotta fruit trees grow? 434: Orchard. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And if uh you might ask somebody, if you're looking at an orchard you might ask the man if- if he's the one who owns the orchard he say- he might say no I'm just a neighbor. He's the man- 434: That owns the orchard. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Now somebody might tell you well when I was a boy my father was poor but next door was a boy 434: He was rich. Interviewer: Uh-huh. {NS} Think- think you'd ever be as happy rich as you are now General? 434: {NW} Would not be in hap- if I was rich? Interviewer: Do you think you would? 434: I don't know whether I would or not. Interviewer: I thought about that myself a lot. 434: Yeah you see richness don't hurt nobody now, it ain't no harm to be rich. But it's harm- where the harm come at you let your money get between you and god. Interviewer: Yeah y- that's a good point. 434: Yeah. Interviewer: We were talking about uh fruit a minute ago General, what kind of fruit uh do you have around here? 434: Plums. Blackberries. {NS} Interviewer: Anything else that uh- 434: {X} they have {NS} Aux: Pea- 434: Grapes. Aux: Pears. 434: Huh? Aux: Peaches and pears. And apples. 434: Yeah. And grapes. Apricots. Aux: {X} 434: Pears. Aux: Uh-huh. {NS} {X} English walnut trees. Interviewer: {D: The what?} Aux: The English walnut tree. Interviewer: Hmm. Aux: {D: They pick 'em all night you know?} {X} Oh please General {X} 434: No I ain't- Interviewer: No he's not. He's not asleep. 434: {X} please General. {X} You know what I say? Yeah you talking about that English walnut tree. Aux: Yeah. 434: Never did none come on it did it? Aux: Yes it did. {X} Interviewer: I don't think I know what that is, what do they look like? Aux: {D: You know they sell 'em} for Christmas you get them round things? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: Bust 'em? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: {X} 434: You seen them others, them black one they call 'em nigger {X} Aux: #1 The # Interviewer: #2 Oh! # Aux: {D: zerim} nuts {D: you know} Interviewer: Oh oh. A kind of nut. I think I know what you're talking about. 434: You know what we're talking about now don't you? Interviewer: I think so. 434: Yeah. Interviewer: I think #1 so- # 434: #2 She's- # gonna have about that long to- {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. That's a k- 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 kind of nut? # Aux: {X} 434: Folks used to call 'em nigger {X} {NW} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Oh me. General if- you might be eating a cherry pie and you might accidentally bite down on something that might break a tooth in a cherry pie, what might that be? 434: Seed. Interviewer: The seed of the cherry? 434: That's right. Interviewer: That ever happen to you before? 434: I ain't never- I ain't never- I don't hardly ever eat no cherry pie. Interviewer: Well you probably eat more peaches, what do you call that hard thing in- on the inside of a peach? 434: Peach seed. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about- you know there- I think there are two different kinds of peaches, there's the peach that you have to cut the seed out of. You know the meat's real 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 tight against it. # 434: #1 Clare- # Interviewer: #2 What do you- # 434: seeds and the prince. Interviewer: The other type you can just- 434: That's right. See there's one kind you can just open it and the seed just fall- just take the seed out and the other kind you have to cut it out. Interviewer: Wha- what's the name of the kind that you can get out real easy? 434: Clearseed. Interviewer: Uh-huh and the other one's are called 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 what? # 434: Prince. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: Prince. Well- Interviewer: After you've eaten an apple what's left? 434: The core. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of anybody cutting up apples or peaches and then- and then drying 'em? What do you call that? 434: Applesauce. Aux: Uh-uh. Interviewer: No I mean- I mean you know just taking the apple and cutting it up into slices and letting those slices dry. You might do the same thing for a peach. 434: Oh. Interviewer: You know what that's- 434: Dried apples and dried peaches. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard the word- the- the word snits? 434: #1 Never heard it # Interviewer: #2 Never heard that? # 434: that way. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. What do you call- we were- talk- you were talking about nuts a minute ago. This is a real familiar kind, the kind that you pull up out of the ground and dry and roast. What are those called? 434: What is this? Interviewer: A kind of nut. 434: Peanut. Interviewer: Yeah. Peanuts. 434: Yeah. Interviewer: What about uh- what other nut- kind of nuts do you have around here? 434: Around here it's Spanish and Spanish peanuts and {D: running} peanuts. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about other kinds of nuts other than peanuts? 434: Now I know- known a hickory nut. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about the ones that tree out there? 434: That's pecan. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of uh any other kind that might be kinda long and uh- and uh flat-shaped? Aux: Chest- 434: Hickory nut? Aux: Chestnut. 434: Chestnut? Nu- nu- you know that chestnuts ain't long. Aux: Yes they are, they ain't too long but they long. You know peanut {D: almond nut} {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: {D: little shells} {X} Interviewer: What about one that's- that's kinda round with a real hard covering? Aux: Walnut. Interviewer: Not a peanut but what? 434: #1 Let's see what would that be? # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: Grow outside the ground? Interviewer: Uh-huh on a tree. It grows on a tree like a pecan. 434: Hickory nut. Interviewer: Okay. What about walnut? 434: Walnuts. Aux: {X} Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # Aux: #2 {X} # That's good {X} Interviewer: What do you call that hard covering around a walnut? 434: I- they call it a shell. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about uh when a- when a walnut falls off the tree you know it has a kind of soft covering around it 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 and you can wait # 'til it dries and it breaks off. What do you call that? Would you call that the shell? 434: That's the shell. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: It- it- you have take that shell off to crack the walnut. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is there a different part of the- of the nut that's any different from the shell? That's the covering? Would you ever say it has a hull on it? 434: Well I- I wouldn't {D: notice} Aux: Yes you do have a {D: hull} you gotta pick that meat out- 434: Well you call it a hull before it dries. Aux: How about after you- after it dry and you bust that hickory nut. You got to go round in there and get you- the {D: goody} what is that? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: if there ain't- 434: #1 {X} # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: the same thing as a peanut you got to crack the peanut to get {X} Aux: But you gotta do that one time with a peanut. But you got to get the hull off of the hickory nuts. And then {X} and bust that hickory nut and go down there and get your {D: goodies}. 434: Well you see them old hickory nuts don't have the hull on them. They shell out and drop right on the ground, and you up that tree, they be laying around on the #1 ground? # Aux: #2 I know # they be dried {X} some of 'em fall off and some of 'em fall off of the hulls. Interviewer: {NW} Aux: {X} Interviewer: {NW} Oh General, what do you call that fruit that uh a lot of it grows in Florida? 434: Oranges? Interviewer: Yeah. Uh if uh if you had some oranges this morning but right now you'd say they're all- Interviewer: {X} Alright last thing I said was uh you might have had a lot of oranges this morning but you ate 'em all and now you'd say they're all- 434: All gone. Interviewer: Yeah. What do you call the the real small red covered uh root vegetable that you eat raw? It's kinda spicy. 434: Radish. Interviewer: A what? 434: Radish? Interviewer: Yeah right. You like those things? 434: I like 'em pretty good. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call uh- a red vegetable that grows on a bush? Might use it- cut it up and use it in salad or something like that. Make ketchup out of it. Aux: {X} Interviewer: {D:Hell} a red ve- vegetable. 434: On a bush? Interviewer: Right about this size. 434: Tomatoes? Interviewer: Right. Do you grow many of those? 434: Not so many this year. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about uh along with your meat you might have a baked- what? Aux: {X} 434: Along with my meat? Interviewer: Uh-huh you might have a baked- Aux: Potat- Interviewer: A vegetable to go along with it that you might bake? What would you call that? Aux: Potato. 434: Potatoes? Interviewer: Uh-huh. What kind of potatoes are there? 434: Sweet potatoes. White potatoes. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever- What- do you know what a yam is? What is a yam? 434: That's a- potato. Interviewer: It's just a potato? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Is it any different from a sweet potato? 434: They said it's the same thing only it's a different name. Interviewer: {NW} But there's- there's not any difference in the 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 potato? # Uh-huh. 434: See there's some ta- potatoes got- they white. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And then some of 'em is red inside. Some of the potatoes are just white all the way through. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: I don't know what you call them. Interviewer: What's this- this vegetable that uh if you try peel 'em or cut 'em it might make your eyes water? What do you call that? 434: Onion. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about the little uh little young fresh onions that have a stalk on them, you can- you can eat right out of the ground, what do you call those? 434: Shallot? Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about- what are some of the things that you might put in a good vegetable soup? 434: Corns. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Tomatoes. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Ketchup. Interviewer: Anything else? 434: Mustard. Interviewer: Uh-huh. A type of- of vegetable that some people like to boil, other people like to fry it. It's kinda green and long. What is that? 434: Beans? Interviewer: Beans or- something else uh. Aux: {X} Interviewer: What about okra? Aux: Yeah. 434: Oh {X} okra. Aux: Uh-huh. {NW} that {D: sounds} good. Interviewer: How do you like your okra cooked? 434: I like it cooked in peas and taken up before they- don't take 'em up with the peas. Take 'em up before you take up- before you take off the peas. That {D: junk} would get on top of them and take 'em off and- and eat it that way. I like okay- course I like okra anyway. Interviewer: Yeah {NW} 434: {X} #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 That kind of covers it doesn't it? # 434: That's right. {NS} Interviewer: {NW} What uh- if you leave an apple or a plum around you'd say that it- it might dry up and do what? It'll- 434: {X} Interviewer: Alright might 434: Rot. Interviewer: dry up and- what do you say it's doing when it's getting smaller? It's uh- Aux: Rot? Interviewer: If it draws up you know? 434: It's dried up. Interviewer: Dried up or would you ever say it shriveled up? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: On the tree. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call these leafy vegetables that come in heads? 434: Cabbage? Interviewer: Uh-huh. If you- if you really like- if you really like it you say I sure do like these- 434: Cabbage. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And uh if you're s- if you're talking about the size you'd say that {NW} these sure are big. Talking about cabbage how big they are you'd say- you'd say what? 434: #1 This is # Interviewer: #2 These # 434: a big head. Interviewer: Uh-huh or if it's more than one you'd say these- 434: These cabbage is a head. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. What kind you- you mentioned some beans of- a minute ago, what kind of beans do you have around here? 434: String beans. Butter beans. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Butter peas. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you say you have- if you don't want to eat the- the pod that the- that uh the bean's in you'd have to do what? You have to sit down and- Aux: Shell 'em. 434: Shell 'em. Interviewer: Shell those things? 434: That's right. Interviewer: What about the kind of bean that you eat pod and all? What would you call 434: #1 That's # Interviewer: #2 that? # 434: string beans. Interviewer: String beans? Uh-huh. Well if- if you take the- the tops of a- of a lotta turnips and you cook 'em you're making a mess of what? 434: Turnips. Interviewer: Or just might call 'em- go out and get a- a bushel of what? 434: A bushel a turnips? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Or do- do you just call 'em just tal- call 'em greens? 434: That's right. Interviewer: mm-hmm 434: Turnip greens. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. What uh- How would- if you wanted me to go down to the store and buy some lettuce for you and you wanted several of them what would you tell me to do? Go down and buy the- go down there and buy me what? 434: Some lettuce. Interviewer: Just- Aux: Several hea- Interviewer: If- if you I if you wanted uh- #1 How- # 434: #2 Two # heads. Interviewer: Two heads? Uh-huh. Have you ever- {NS} have you ever heard of uh- children referred to like that as heads? So and so's got four heads of children? You ever heard that called that? 434: I've heard it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: I've heard that. Interviewer: If- 434: Four heads of children. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You ever heard that? If a man had uh seven boys and seven girl you'd say {NW} he sure does have a- 434: A gang of children. Interviewer: Gang of children? 434: Yeah what would- what would be the right way to say that now? Interviewer: Ah whatever you'd say'd be right. 434: Yeah well {NS} How's- now when you was talking about {X} Aux: I got a niece got- 434: {D: Claire} got a niece over there got #1 seven boys. # Aux: #2 fourteen. # Interviewer: Is that right? 434: And seven girls. Aux: No he- 434: {X} Aux: It is seven girls and seven boys. 434: That's fourteen. Aux: Yeah. Interviewer: That's- that's a whole lot. Aux: And they got uh thirteen of 'em in the house now. Interviewer: {NS} That sounds like a crowded house. 434: It is. Interviewer: I'll bet. Aux: It just makes {X} {X} {D: Two sets of three in a three} {D: How is that?} {D: Two sets of three in a three.} Yeah that's right. Interviewer: Goodness. Aux: And I {X} {X} Interviewer: Have you e- ever heard anybody say he sure does have a passel of children? Would you ever say that? You got a passel of children? 434: Yes passel of children. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Talking about corn General what do you call the the green covering that you take off the ear of the corn? 434: Shucks. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What uh- what's the kind of- what do you call the kind of corn that's tender enough to eat off the cob? 434: {X} Interviewer: {X} Uh-huh. Is there any other name for it? 434: Sure. Interviewer: What's that? Would you call it anything other than a 434: #1 {D: Name as they call it.} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Uh-huh. Okay. What about- what do you call the thing that grows out the top of the cornstalk? 434: Tassel. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about the uh- the stuff that comes out of the corn stalks and you have to brush it off the ear? What's that? 434: Shell of corn. Aux: {D: Your silk}. Interviewer: The you know the stringy stuff that's on the ear. You have to brush it off. What do you call that? Aux: Silk? 434: What? Aux: {D: Your} silk. 434: Silk. Aux: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Uh-huh. # Uh-huh. Aux: Some folks 434: #1 We call it mustache. # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: Is that right? {NW} {NW} 434: Corn have whiskers when it's getting back there. Interviewer: What do you call this great big uh round thing that uh people use at Halloween? They carve 'em up and make a pie out of 'em. 434: That's right. Interviewer: What's that called? 434: Halloween pie. Interviewer: #1 Or well # 434: #2 {X} # Cut. Interviewer: The- what do you call the vegetable itself? Aux: Pumpkin. Interviewer: You say go down to the store and buy me a- Aux: Pumpkin General. 434: Pumpkin. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: {X} Aux: Pumpkin. Interviewer: Pumpkin. That's the thing that you know- 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # What about- what kind of melons do you- do you raise? 434: Watermelons. Interviewer: Any other kind? No other kinds? 434: There's a pie melon. Aux: Uh-huh. Interviewer: A pie melon? Aux: Watermelon. Interviewer: mm 434: {D: yeah it can break your mouth in it it's so hard.} Aux: {X} 434: {X} Interviewer: {NW} {NW} Does uh- Aux: Stank {NW} Interviewer: {NW} Are there different kinds of watermelons or are they all the same? 434: They ain't- they different kinds, they ain't all watermelon the same, animals eat some. But I don't know how to eat 'em hard as they is. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Do watermelons have different colored meat? 434: You see the watermelon have red meat and then there's some watermelons have yellow meat. What they call cream Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: {D: melon.} Interviewer: How do- 434: These {X} just like a {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. C- is there any way to tell what color meat the watermelon has without opening it? You just have to go ahead and cut it? 434: Just go ahead and cut it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 What do you- # Aux: {X} Interviewer: {NW} What do you call these vegetables that you might see growing around on the ground somewhere and they're kind of shaped like an umbrella? Has kind of umbrella shape, what do you call those things? You ever heard of uh ever seen mushrooms growing? Aux: I have. He sleeps {D: now} Interviewer: No he's going to sleep? About this type of vegetable that uh might- it might grow on a stump or a fallen log something like that, it kinda looks like an umbrella? It has a wide covering on the top? 434: Uh. Aux: Mushroom. 434: Mushrooms? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Can- can you eat some kinds of mushrooms? 434: They said you can. I ain't never eaten none. Aux: There's a- there's a certain kind {X} {X} {NS} Interviewer: Have you ever- have you ever heard of a- of a type of mushroom that's not good to eat? 434: I've seen a lot of it out there in the woods that I wouldn't eat. Interviewer: What would you call those? Some that might be poisonous. 434: I'd call it mushrooms. Interviewer: You'd call it mushrooms? 434: That's right {D: I never called} Interviewer: Have you ever heard it called toadstools? {NS} Aux: I have. {NS} {X} {X} Interviewer: {NW} {NS} 434: You sit on my knee now 'til you talk. Aux: No. Interviewer: When we have that party this Friday if you tell a fu- if you tell a- a funny story everybody's gonna be doing what? 434: Laugh. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And if you get out uh your guitar everybody's gonna start doing what? 434: Sing. Interviewer: That's right. If somebody offers to do you a favor you might say well I appreciate it but I don't want to be- I appreciate your offer to do me the favor but I don't want to be what? Aux: {D: He asleep?} General! 434: Huh? {D: No I'm still with us}. {X} Interviewer: You know you don't want to feel like you owe him something #1 you'd say- # 434: #2 That's right. # Interviewer: you'd say what? 434: I {D: I would} I appreciate you favors but I don't feel like you owe me and I owe him. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would you ever say I don't want to be beholding to anybody? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If somebody asked you to do a certain job and you'd say sure I- 434: I'll do it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about if you're not able to do something you might say I'd like to but- 434: I'm not able, I can't. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If uh- if somebody asked you about sundown to do some work for him you might say well I got up to work before sun up today and I 434: I couldn't- Interviewer: #1 If you don't- # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: Right if you've already worked all you're 434: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 gonna work # 434: And then worked all day and I couldn't {D: care} Interviewer: That's right. You ever had anybody ask you to do something like that? 434: They have asked me several times. Huh? Aux: Because they don't want to do it. 434: Yeah {X} Aux: Sure have. Interviewer: That makes for some pretty long days doesn't it? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If there's been a real bad wreck up the road and if there was- was no need to call the doctor because the person was- 434: Dead. Interviewer: Uh-huh. No need to call. Okay. Uh if you heard of a boy who got a whipping at school you might say I bet he did something that he what? 434: Shouldn't have done. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If uh- if you were- if you were refusing to do something in a very strong way you might say now no ma- no matter how many times you ask me to do that I- 434: I won't do it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Now you might've been doing some- some real hard work all by yourself and if your friend was just standing around without helping you might say well you- You know if you were just there working your head off and he was standing around- 434: He wouldn't help. Interviewer: Say- you'd turn to him and you'd say well you Aux: Bothered me. {X} 434: Huh? Aux: I was finna tell him {X} That's what I said. Interviewer: Or would you just say well you might a helped me you know? 434: S- ay well he- you might help me do s- Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: this work. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And he just standing there. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If uh- if somebody asked you to do something and you- you- you weren't sure whether you'd be able to do it or not you might say well I'm not sure but I- 434: Try. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Try or Would you ever say I- I might could do it for you? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about- what do you call the k- the kind of bird that can see in the dark General? Or you know- 434: {X} Interviewer: Well that might be or you know there are these birds around here that kinda make a scary noises at night #1 especially # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: around a graveyard? Aux: {X} Interviewer: What do you call those things? 434: Uh a owl Interviewer: Uh-huh yeah. What uh what do you- do the know the- the little kind of owl that makes kind of a- a real high- 434: Shivering owl. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call the- the bigger kind with the deeper voice? 434: Hoot owl. Interviewer: Uh-huh. There're many of those around here? You ever 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 seen 'em? # 434: {X} We heard one the other night down there in the woods talking about {X} just rest go home. Aux: {NW} 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # Oh me. {NW} What do you ca- what do you call the kind of bird that drills holes in trees? 434: Redhead. Interviewer: Just a redhead? 434: Sapsuckers. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would you ever call it- 434: Yellow hammers. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever- have you ever heard anybody call another person a- a- a woodpecker or a- something like that? 434: I hear 'em call 'em woodpeckers and sapsuckers. {NW} Interviewer: #1 Is that- is that- # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Does that- what does that mean? What does he- 434: He cussing them I reckon. Interviewer: He cussing him? He not- he's not 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 doing him a favor when he calls him that- # 434: {D: say it on} Sunday school Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {NW} What do you call this animal, you might have seen them around here, it's kinda black and white and when you mess with them they leave a real powerful smell? 434: Polecat. Interviewer: Yeah. Yeah. Aux: {X} Interviewer: A polecat got after you General? 434: I shook one out of the tree right out #1 there # Aux: #2 {NW} # 434: dropped right down in my face. Interviewer: Uh-oh. 434: I fell out of the tree. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Aux: {X} Interviewer: Yeah I bet you- you had good reason to fall out of the tree. 434: He take my breath. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And he just dropped right down. Dogs just jumped {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call these kind of animals that come around and raid your chicken house? 434: Possum. Interviewer: Possum or 434: #1 Coons. # Interviewer: #2 anything e- # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # Aux: Fox? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is- is there any name that takes care of all of them? You might say I'm gonna get me a gang go out and take care of those- Those what? 434: These possums or coons. This is animal? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is there any one word that you'd use that'd take care of all of 'em? Aux: {X} Interviewer: Would you ever call 'em varmints? Aux: Right. Interviewer: Do you ever call it varmints? 434: Varmints. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 That's right. # Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about- what do you call these little bushy-tailed animals that run around in the trees? 434: Squirrels. Interviewer: What different kinds of squirrels are there? 434: Fox squirrels, cat squirrels and uh ground squirrels. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Are they all the same color? 434: Ground squirrels got a white blaze on his tail, got a white streak coming down his back some of them. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You ever seen a squirrel that's colored red? 434: And they got flying squirrels. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Which- which of those squirrels is good to eat? 434: The cat squirrel. Interviewer: Cat squirrel? 434: Now those things be messy. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: General the fox {X} 434: Huh? Interviewer: Fox squirrels good to eat? Aux: Yeah. 434: Well that's squirrel. Aux: I know. 434: Still a Aux: #1 It's big. # 434: #2 squirrel. # Fox squirrel and cat squirrel. Aux: Uh-huh. What do you call these little animals that look like squirrels but they don't climb trees? 434: Rats. Interviewer: Rats or anything else? 434: Rats {X} Interviewer: Might not have- might- might not have a long tail like a rat. But it kinda looks like a squirrel. Aux: A mole? 434: Muskrat? Interviewer: {NW} You ever hear of a brown squirrel? Or a chipmunk- 434: Brown squirrel? Interviewer: Might call it- you've ever heard people call 'em chipmunks? 434: I ain't never heard them called nothing but ground squirrels. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Or maybe a gopher? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What uh- what are some of the uh kind of fish you get around here General? When people go fishing what do they fish for? 434: Well they catfish. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Black fish. Trout. Eel. Cat fish and brim. Interviewer: Uh-huh. {NS} 434: {X} fish. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: Jack. 434: What? Aux: Jack fish you- I caught one {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # Aux: #2 {X} # I told her {D: I'll get it} Interviewer: {NW} Aux: I ain't never seen {X} but I was so scared {NW} Interviewer: Goodness. Aux: And how I got that big old thing out I don't know. Interviewer: {NW} Aux: It was easy. {D: I'm just a mean jumper}. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever eaten a- any fish uh- that are saltwater fish General? 434: Not as I know of. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Do you know what these things are that uh they're they grow in- they're in shells- they're uh you find 'em in the ocean and peop- and uh pearls grow in 'em? 434: Oysters. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Do you ever- do you like to eat oysters? 434: Yes sir. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: I love 'em. Interviewer: What do you call these kind of animals that you might find around a pond at night making these uh- 434: Bullfrog? Interviewer: Uh-huh. The- the big ones are the bullfrogs aren't they? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard a bullfrog called anything else? Uh-huh. What about uh some other kinds of frogs other than bullfrogs? 434: I don't know- the toad frog? Aux: Tree frog. 434: There's a tod- toad frog and a tree frog. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Are the tree frogs the little ones? The little- 434: #1 the tree # Interviewer: #2 tiny- # 434: frogs are little white looking frogs. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: {X} Interviewer: Is there another- have you ever heard it c- a tree frog called anything else? Uh-huh. Uh is i- is it the toad frog that supposed to give you warts if you- if you handle it? Aux: Right. 434: Toad- that's right it's a toad frog. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call the things you use to go fishing with for bait? 434: Bait. Interviewer: What- what are some- 434: Hooks. Interviewer: Yeah. What are- what would some people use for different kinds of bait? 434: I don't Interviewer: #1 Crickets. # 434: #2 know I- # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # A lot of 'em use uh fishing bait. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Lot of 'em dig worms out the ground fish with them. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: That's what I fish with {D: I love it}. I had less fish with them crickets {X} Interviewer: {NW} Do you know- are- are there any different kinds of worms that you can use to go fishing with? 434: {D: It's said these red worms} best to fish with. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Are those the big ones? 434: I don't know, there ain't no fish in the river. Aux: {X} 434: {D: mm-hmm} Aux: Red ones. Interviewer: What do you- what do you call that animal General that has a hard shell and ever now and then it will pull its head into its shell? 434: Terrapin. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is it uh- would you call it- is that the one that's on dry land? 434: Terrapin's on dry land. Interviewer: Terrapin's on dry land? Uh-huh. Aux: {X} on dry land. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. What about the thing that you might find in streams somewhere, it's uh- it's got claws on it you know? And if you- if you- if it's under a rock you might pull it up- up the rock and the thing'll swim back uh {NW} swim away backwards? You know what that is? This thing that's got claws on it? Think he went to sleep. We were talking about this thing that you might find uh in streams that has claws on it. What do you call those little things? That you can some- that you can eat? 434: Craw- crawfish? Interviewer: Yeah. Uh-huh. Do you like those things? 434: {NW} Aux: {X} Interviewer: Don't like-. 434: I don't like 'em. You like 'em? Aux: {X} Interviewer: Don't care for 'em. What- what do you call this- this type of seafood that they're real small fan-tail things? And uh you get 'em by dragging the nets along the bottom of the bay. You know what those things are called? It's a type of seafood, they're real small. You ever had any shrimp to eat? 434: I've had shrimp. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: You like them? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: You do? Interviewer: Yeah. You don't like shrimp? 434: I don't like them- Interviewer: You don't like 'em? Aux: {X} 434: #1 I have tried me a few of them. # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: {X} Interviewer: If I- if I were going to go down to the store to get some I might ask uh for a few pounds of- of what? Give me a- 434: {X} Interviewer: Give me a few pounds of 434: Uh. Aux: Shrimp. 434: Shrimp. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. What do you call- at night General- you said these insects fly around light bulbs, what do you call those things? 434: Light bugs. Light bugs. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Do you call the- wha- what about the things that get in your clothes and- and eat holes in 'em if you're not careful? 434: Mites? Interviewer: Mites. Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of uh- of uh- of a moth? Is that- does a moth fly around a- a light at night? Aux: {X} {NW} {X} {NW} 434: #1 I don't know. # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: #1 # Aux: #2 # Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever- Aux: {NW} Interviewer: seen this type of insect that flies around at night and the light flashes on and off? 434: #1 That's # Interviewer: #2 You know- # 434: lighting bug. Interviewer: Lighting bug? Uh-huh. What about this- talking about being around a pond sometimes you see an insect that likes to stay around ponds it's got kind of a long thin body and pairs of transparent wings. What do you call that thing? Aux: {NW} 434: Mens call it a- Interviewer: It likes to eat mosquitoes. Aux: {X} 434: I reckon so. Interviewer: You- some- some people say they're a sign that snakes are nearby. 434: Snakes. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: {X} Interviewer: In- what do you call the insect? Do you know? 434: Insect? Interviewer: Yeah it's a- it's a kind of insect with a long thin body. 434: {D: Mosquito} gnats? Interviewer: Or- Aux: No. Interviewer: Sometimes they light on your pole. When you're fishing you know? They're- they're about- about this long I guess. Aux: With wings. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: It has wings on it. Aux: We call 'em snake doctor. Interviewer: You ever heard of a snake doctor? Is that what you'd call- 434: That's what I'd call it a sn- that's what I always heard, there was snake doctors. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: #1 {X} # 434: #2 I know # {D: isn't a snake ever let him duck none.} Interviewer: {NW} 434: Try to catch 'em {X} Interviewer: That's right. What uh- what kind- we were talking about snakes yesterday. What are some of the insects around here that'll sting ya? Aux: Wasps. Yellow jacket- 434: Wait a minute. Interviewer: Okay. 434: Now what you said? Interviewer: What are some of the insects around here that'll sting you? 434: That bite you? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Mosquito, black gnats. Aux: {NW} 434: Horse flies. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: {X} flies. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: {X} Interviewer: What about- y- have you ever seen any that make these great big paper nests in trees? 434: Hornets? Interviewer: Yeah. Aux: Know he'll never forget that. {X} Interviewer: You ever got into any hornets before General? Aux: {NW} 434: {D: I peaked} {X} stuck the hole there, what was in there to see what was in there and one hit me right between the eyes. Interviewer: Uh-oh. Aux: {NW} {NW} Oh lord. 434: I was a little boy then but I been grown ever since and then- Interviewer: {NW} 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # {NW} My goodness. What about- what about the kind of insect that will make a mud nest on the side of your house? Aux: Dirt devils. Dirt devils Interviewer: #1 You know what I'm # Aux: #2 General. # Interviewer: talking about? 434: Dirt devils. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Wasps. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: Wasps don't make them- 434: Yeah wasps make them Aux: They make it but they don't {NW}- make it out of dirt do they? Interviewer: Is that- what is that? 434: #1 You make # Aux: #2 A wasp # 434: nests on the side of the house though. Aux: Dirt devil. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: A wasp will too. Aux: But they add mud. 434: {D: He gonna} make it outta mud when he put it on the side of the house. Aux: {X} Interviewer: Is a- is a wasp kinda like paper? Aux: Yes. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. What about- is there any kind of insect that builds its nest in the ground and will swarm all over you? 434: Yellowjacket. Interviewer: You ever got into any yellowjackets? Aux: {NW} 434: {D: Oh no.} I pulled out five- gallon milk {X} some of 'em out there lying waste to the five gallon bucket {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Oh lordy. {NW} What do you call those little insects that'll get up under your skin and raise welts on it? 434: Get up on your skin? Interviewer: Get up under your skin. They- they'll burrow in your skin and make you itch. You know what- #1 ever heard of those? # Aux: #2 Those little # gnats. Interviewer: Would you just call 'em gnats or- 434: Black gnat. Interviewer: Black gnat? Aux: {X} Interviewer: Is that- have you ever heard of a chigger? Is that chigger? 434: Cheetah? Interviewer: Chigger. 434: I don't know. Interviewer: Never heard of chigger? Okay. Or maybe a red bug? 434: I've Interviewer: #1 You know what a red bug is? # 434: #2 heard of red bug # up in {D: Lotus} Aux: Did you tell him I- 434: {NW} Aux: #1 {X} # 434: #2 I used to get loaded # with them at the swamp Aux: #1 That's a tick. # 434: #2 hunt that night. # Aux: #1 # 434: #2 # Aux: {D: All the dogs get full of them} Interviewer: #1 Oh yeah. # Aux: #2 {X} # {X} Interviewer: {NW} What wou- what do you call these insects some of 'em are green and some of 'em are black and hop around in the grass? 434: Grasshoppers. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about- we were talking about bait a minute ago- What do you call the small kind of fish that some people use for bait? You- you can get 'em at a bait house along with worms. 434: Never have. Aux: {X} Or minnows or- Interviewer: Have you ever used minnows to fish with? Any minnows? 434: I don't remember. Aux: General you use {X} 434: Huh? Aux: General I fish with minnows but he just- 434: Fish with minnows? Aux: Yeah. 434: I don't fish in the daytime, I never did fish in the #1 daytime I see- # Aux: #2 {X} # {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: {D: get in the swamp.} Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call that stuff General that'll gather up in the ceiling of the house when it hadn't been cleaned in a long time? It'll get in the corners. What do you call that stuff? 434: Dust. Interviewer: Just dust? Okay. Have- 434: Spider webs. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. What about when you're pulling up a stump outside you're gonna have to get in and dig around and cut out what? 434: Taproot. Interviewer: Cut out the roots of it? Okay. What about uh- talking about tapping something have you ever heard of tapping a tree for syrup? Letting- letting the syrup run out of it, what kind of tree would you tap for #1 syrup? # 434: #2 Pine # tree gum. Aux: For syrup? Interviewer: Talk- for syrup. 434: Oh for syrup. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Oh I wouldn't #1 know. # Aux: #2 Maple? # Interviewer: {NW} Aux: {X} 434: What was it? Aux: Maple. 434: Oh maple ain't no syrup {X} Aux: I don't know. {X} I don't know. Interviewer: If you had a- if you had a lot of these maple trees together in one place what would you call a big group of these trees? Might be maple trees or might be pecan trees 434: {NW} {D: A lot of times} {D: a lot of times} call it orchards. A maple tree. Interviewer: An orchard uh-huh. Okay. Have- do you know what kind of tree uh you'd have if you were- if you had the one with the- the real broad leaves you know that- that shed all the time and the bark uh peels and has little knobs and balls all over it? Know what kind of tree that would be? Have you ever heard of a sycamore tree? Aux: I have {X} 434: Sycamore #1 trees? # Interviewer: #2 Huh? # 434: Sure. Interviewer: Okay. When over here right on the side of the road. What about uh some other types of trees around here besides sycamore trees? 434: Well there's Aux: Tree {D: gum} 434: willows. Sweetgums. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Pine. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: {X} gums. Water oak. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Red oaks. And uh sugar berry. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What uh- talking about trees do you know the type of tree that George Washington was supposed to cut down when he was a little boy? Ever heard of that? 434: I never Interviewer: #1 {D: Okay.} # 434: #2 heard of it. # Interviewer: He was supposed to cut down a cherry tree I think. Aux: Right. Interviewer: Okay. Aux: Right. Interviewer: What about- what would you call a bush that grows along the side of the road and it uh the leaves turn real bright red pretty early and uh people say that it used to be used by old people for tanning leather. Have you ever heard of that? 434: Never. Interviewer: Never heard of that? Never heard of a- of a shumac? Okay. Are there any kind of bushes that if you get into 'em it'll make your skin break out? And itch? 434: I don't think there is. I know uh poison oak. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: {X} bound to make your skin break out on you. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. What about uh- have you ever gone berry picking around here? What different kinds of berries do you pick? 434: Dewberries. Blackberries. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Strawberries. See they grow them in gardens. Strawberries. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have uh you ever picked any berries with a real rough surface? Some of 'em are red, some of 'em are black. Aux: There's huckleberries too. Interviewer: You ever picked any raspberries? 434: What? Interviewer: You ever pick any raspberries? Okay. 434: {D: Not as I} #1 know of. # Aux: #2 My dad # had a patch of 'em {X} 434: You ever- you ever set traps? Interviewer: Uh-uh. Never have. {NS} Aux: {X} Interviewer: {NW} Why do you ask? 434: Well peoples used to set traps and catch quails. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: {D: Sleep.} {NW} 434: River {X} set traps yet. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: {D: No kids or nothing} 434: Saved you. Aux: {X} Interviewer: Talk about uh- talking about trees again General what do you call this great big type of tree that has these big green shiny leaves and these great big white waxy-looking flowers? What kind of tree would you call that? I was asking about this great big tree that has great big green leaves on it and these big white uh waxy-looking white flowers. You know what kinda- 434: Magnolia? Interviewer: Yeah. Big magnolia tree. 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What kind of bushes around here uh are there that flower in the- in the late spring? You know of any? Aux: {X} 434: Holly wood bush. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: The one right back there- 434: With red berries. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Any kind of uh- anything you'd call a laurel bush? You ever heard of that? Okay. Okay. {NW} What about uh- General if somebody uh looked at Vera and said who is that you'd say that's my- 434: Wife. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And if uh somebody asked {B}- if somebody asked {B} who you were she'd say that your her- Aux: Husband. You are going to sleep. Interviewer: If somebody asked {B} who you were she'd say that you're- 434: Her husband? Interviewer: Uh-huh. That's right. Have you ever- what do you call a woman who's lost her husband? Her husband's died. 434: Now if she ain't eighty years old she'll lose one. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {NW} 434: That's what the Bible says. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 That # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # it said a woman lose her husband at her age she free to marry like she did before she married the first time. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: But to be a widow and a widow indeed she must be three score and ten That what's- that's what that book over there say, now I didn't put {D: them there.} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: But now we got loose womens we gonna have with us. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And everybody hunting something loose. Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} {NW} Interviewer: I reckon so. {NW} What uh- have you- what would you call her if uh her husband hadn't died, he's just left? What would you call her, anything? 434: Well they- I wouldn't know what to call her. Both of 'em they- they do such a {X} just ran and got killed had {X} He done left his wife, him and her weren't together, he was just living here yonder he {D: b- call herself, have a trailer he living in.} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And had grown children, had grandchildren. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard- have you ever heard 'em called grass widow? Aux: Uh-huh. 434: I've heard it said. Aux: Uh-huh. 434: But long as that husband live she ain't no widow. Aux: Uh-huh. 434: Long as h- long as he live she can't be a widow now she can't be a widow 'til she come to that age. Aux: Uh-huh. So that wouldn't be an accurate description Interviewer: #1 {D: would it?} # 434: #2 That's right. # 434: Well you see the folks do it to please. Interviewer: Uh-huh. General when you were a young boy who was the person in your family who'd be most likely to give you a whipping if you needed one? 434: My mother give me all of mine. {D: It's right there.} Interviewer: Is that right? 434: My daddy never did whoop {D: me much}. {D: course} my mother's she tear you up. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Did you usually call your father your daddy? What about your mother, did you call her mother or something else? Aux: Momma. 434: We called call her mom. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And I called my daddy papa. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If uh- well- your mother and your father together are what? 434: Man and wife. Interviewer: And you would say well those are my- 434: Yeah. Mother and father. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would you ever say they're your parents? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What would you call your- your father's father? 434: Grandpa. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about your uh your father's mother? 434: Grandma. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is that what you'd call her? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Grandma. What about- your sons and- your sons and your daughters together would be called what? Or anybody's sons and daughters. One word- 434: My children. Interviewer: Right. Right. What about uh if you- if you have a special name for one of your children what would you call that special name? You know a name that- a name that a child's just known as in the family. And nowhere else, what would you call that kinda name? 434: Well I wouldn't know that. Interviewer: Would you call it a- have you ever heard of anybody's chi- child having a pet name or something like that? 434: I heard of 'em having nicknames. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-hu- 434: I reckon that's about the same. Interviewer: About the same. Aux: Just like you call that boy Buck. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: You know {X} his name is {D: Will-Lee}. Interviewer: What- what do you call these things that are on wheels General that you can put a- a baby in and it'll lie down? 434: Baby carriage. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If you were gonna put the baby carriage uh- if you're going to put the baby in the carriage you'd say you're going to go out and what? Say I believe I'll put the baby in the carriage and go out and- 434: And work. Interviewer: #1 Well if you were just gonna- # 434: #2 And- and # cut grass. Interviewer: If you were gonna have the baby along with you. 434: Oh well {D: then} take a walk. Interviewer: Okay. 434: And push the baby. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If uh- if you have uh three children, one of 'em's five years old, one of 'em's ten years old and one of 'em's twenty years old you'd say that the one who's twenty years old is the- As far as age goes. Aux: The oldest. 434: He's a man. Interviewer: Or he's- in relationship to the other two 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 he's the- # He's the what? 434: He's the older brother. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Or if you were talking about- if you were talking about in ter- him in terms of being grown up you'd say he's the- Aux: Oldest. 434: He's a man. Interviewer: Okay or you might say he's the- he's the most grown up 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 of all of 'em? # Okay. Okay. Alright. Your- anybody's children would be their sons and their- 434: Daughters. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And- or anybody's children would be the boys and the- 434: The sons. Interviewer: The boys and the- 434: Boys and girls. Interviewer: Right. Okay. What do you- if you- if a woman's about to have a baby you say she's what? What's her con- #1 dition? # 434: #2 Pregnant. # Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard called that- called anything else? Never have. Would- would there be any kind of special term- 434: I hear 'em- a lot of 'em would say she's big. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. If the woman didn't have a husband is there any other term you might use to- if you were talking about her? 434: If she didn't have a husband? Interviewer: Is there any way you might talk about her if you were just joking about it? 434: Uh uh- she's- she's stealing. Interviewer: She's stealing? 434: #1 Yes. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: Anything you dabble around with {D: and ain't none of your's} anything you got to hide you stealing. {C: loud background noise} {NS} Interviewer: If uh- if you didn't have a doctor around to deliver a baby what would you call the woman that you might send for? 434: Call her midwife. Interviewer: Midwife? Uh-huh. Is there any other name you've ever heard 'em called? Okay. If uh- if a boy has the same color hair and eyes as his father does and maybe the same shaped nose you'd say that he- 434: Just like his father. Interviewer: Just like his father? Uh-huh. If- if he has the same kind of behavior as his father would you say the same thing about him? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If uh- if he's gotten all his father's bad habits would you still say he's just like his father? 434: Have to. Well if he's just like him he's just like him. Interviewer: Okay. {NW} Okay or would you ever say he takes after his father? Or something like that? 434: That's what them folks said. Interviewer: Okay. Uh. If a- if a mother has looked after three children until they've grown up you'd say that she has done what? 434: Taken care of three children. Interviewer: Just taken care of 'em? Okay. Would you ever say she's reared three children? Aux: Right. That's right. 434: She raised three children. Interviewer: Raised 'em or reared 'em. 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. Okay. If uh if a child- if a child's been real bad and he's misbehaved you might say to him well if you do that again 434: I'll whoop you. Interviewer: That's right. You ever had to give many whipping General? 434: You tell it. Interviewer: {NW} Do you use your hand or a belt? 434: {NW} {D: Depends how you give it to 'em} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Oh me. Aux: {X} 434: {NW} {NW} Aux: I think he {X} Try. And he {D: stabbed} and whooped a little boy. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: I mean {X} Interviewer: When was the last time you whipped somebody General? Aux: {D: Oh god.} 434: I ain't had no trouble with nobody much since I've been grown. I had several #1 li- little fights when I was {X} # Aux: #2 {X} # {D: You wasn't wrong} when you married me. Interviewer: {NW} Aux: I see him whoop several- was several men. I- I was on the {D: church} {NW} I was in there somebody come and says {B} I said what. Say you better go out there and see what {B} I said what's the matter with him? This- {X} {D: So I walk} outside {D: and then his mother beared back on him} She knows there's something {X} I went to the door and I- when I got to the door and I seen him right there in the yard and I seen {B} standing there and the folks {X} And uh his mother's trying- she got up said where is General? I said yonder {D: here} Somebody {D: fight me} {X} {D: maybe fight} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: You don't want nobody touch anything {B} won't fight you. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: and then that's when I went to him I said {B} just tell I said well {NS} just cool {X} I said what in the world's matter with you? {X} I said {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # Aux: #2 {X} # {X} Interviewer: Oh my goodness. Aux: You did. And she {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. General if- if you knew somebody who grew five inches uh who was five inches taller this year than he was last year you'd say my goodness you sure- 434: Have grew. Aux: Uh-huh. That'd be a lot wouldn't it? 434: That's right. Interviewer: How tall are you General? 434: I'm ain't as tall now, done drawed up so I used to be about six feet. Interviewer: Uh-huh. That's pretty tall. What would you call a child who- who's born to an unmarried woman? 434: Well they call it a bastard. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You ever heard it called anything else? Okay. If- you might say that well this girl's a real loving child but uh Peggy's a lot Aux: {X} 434: Loving she is. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. What would you call- if your brother had a son what would your son be- what would his son be in relation to you? He'd be your what? 434: Niece. Interviewer: Well a son. 434: That's- my brother's son? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: I would be his uncle. Interviewer: And he would be your- 434: My niece. Aux: Uh-uh. 434: What? Aux: Nephew. 434: Nephew. Interviewer: Nephew? 434: That's right. Interviewer: What do you call a- if a child has lost both its mother and its father what would you call that child? Aux: {X} 434: Motherless child. Interviewer: Motherless child? Would you ever- would you ever call it an orphan? Okay. What would you call a person who- {NS} What would you call a person who's been appointment to look after a motherless child? Maybe the- the court or the judge appointed a person to look after a motherless child. What would you call that person? 434: {D: I don't know what that's called.} Interviewer: Okay. Have you ever heard of uh- of guardian? 434: {D: Guardian?} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: {NW} I've heard of that. She gonna be the guardian of that child. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You know if you have a- if the house is full of your cousins and nephews and- and nieces and all those kind of people you'd say that the house is full of your? 434: Peoples. Interviewer: Full of your people? Aux: {X} Interviewer: Okay. Would you ever call 'em anything else? Okay. Uh. If some- if uh there was somebody who looked a little bit like you and uh she might have the same last name as you but uh you say well I'm actually not- What? If she's not a part of your family but she looks like you and- and she might have your same last name you say well really I'm not any- 434: Related to her. Interviewer: Okay not related to her at all. What would you- what would you call a person who's come from out of town and nobody's ever seem him before? You'd say have you seen that- 434: Stranger. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about What a pers- what about a person who's come from another country? What would you call him? 434: Stranger. Interviewer: Still call him a stranger? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. Would uh- would you ever call anybody a foreigner? 434: Well have called somebody that- a foreigner. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Uh. What- what was the name of the mother of Jesus in the Bible General? 434: Mary. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh. Do you know what the- the names of the uh the sisters- what are some other- of the other names of women in the Bible General? 434: Usually got {D: Zeriya} is in there. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Rachel. Naomi, Ruth. {X} Eunice. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: Jezebel. Interviewer: Okay that's good. What about uh- can you think of any common names of women that begin with an M besides Mary? 434: I can't right now. Interviewer: Okay what about uh- you know any women named Martha? Aux: Yeah. 434: {D: River Center} has that name. Aux: {D: Still in the Bible, doesn't it?} Interviewer: Well not necessarily just women in general. Women. You say he had who? 434: {D: River Center had a good name of it.} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. 434: And there's a woman named Montgomery {X} might be his niece {X} nephew or something named Martha. Martha Hall. Interviewer: Have you ever heard of a song that's a song about a woman and one of the lines is wait 'til the sh- wait 'til the sun shines- somebody? You ever heard of that one? 434: Never have. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What would- what would you- have you ever heard of uh a woman named Helen, the nickname for a woman named Helen? What would that be? Begins with an N. 434: Never. Aux: Call her {X} Helen. 434: Huh? Aux: Call her {X} Helen. Interviewer: You ever- 434: {D: Helen?} Interviewer: You ever heard of a woman named Nelly? Aux: Nelly. 434: Millie? Interviewer: Nelly. 434: Nelly? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Sure. {NS} Nelly Ruth. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: See there's a white woman down in here used to be named Nelly. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about- what about uh- you were talking about nicknames, what might you nickname a boy named William? What might you call him for short? 434: William. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If you didn't want to call him William you might call him what? 434: Bill. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Bill or Billy? 434: That's right Billy. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Who was na- what was the name of the man who wrote the first of the four gospels in the Bible? You remember that? 434: {X} I can't now {B} Interviewer: Well there was- there was Mark, Luke, and John, and 434: {X} Interviewer: What was the other one? Remember the other one's name? 434: Mark, Luke John Interviewer: Begin with an M. 434: Phillip. And uh Interviewer: It's the uh- it's the- it's the first book in the New Testament. Aux: Matthew. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Remember Matthew? 434: Michael. Aux: Matthew General. 434: Matthew? Interviewer: Yeah. You know Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John? Aux: Right. Interviewer: Okay. What would you call- General what would you call a woman who's a school teacher or a woman who runs a school, you'd call her a- 434: A teacher. Interviewer: Just a teacher? 434: Just a teacher. Interviewer: Okay. Mu- would you ever call- have you ever heard people call 'em a school marm? Okay. Uh you were talking about preachers the other day General. What would you call a preacher that's really not trained very well? He- he doesn't have a- a regular church and he just preaches uh here and there on Sundays? What kind of preacher would you call him? If he's not a very good preacher. Aux: {D: He's gone in isn't he?} Interviewer: Yeah. Preachers. What would you call a- a preacher that really hadn't had much training? He just preaches here and there, he really does something else for a living. He might not be a good preacher. You'd say ah he's just a- {NS} 434: Well he's just a- I- I would- uh- He wouldn't be a good preacher. Interviewer: Is there any particular name that you'd have for him? Or he's no good, he's just an old- You ever heard of a jackleg preacher? 434: {X} Interviewer: What i- what is a jackleg preacher mean, somebody- if I told you that I knew a jackleg preacher you'd know that he'd be like what, what would he be like? 434: He'd be just like any other man but he'd be up there kidding himself trying to be a preacher. Interviewer: {NW} {NS} 434: The other guys told him if I caught you {X} newspaper. Interviewer: Okay. What uh- General what relation would my mother's sister be to me? She'd be my what? 434: Your mother and uh her sister? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Would be your aunt. Interviewer: Okay. If uh- if a woman's last name was- was Cooper that was her married last name wha- how would you- how would you ca- address her, you'd say do you know 434: Ms Cooper. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Do you remember in the Bible General what the name of Abraham's wife was? 434: Sarah. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If uh- let's see. If your father had a brother named William you'd call him what? 434: Bill. Interviewer: Well you'd say- 434: Willie or Bill. Aux: Uncle Will. Interviewer: Well if you were- let's say if you were a little boy 434: Yeah. Interviewer: and your #1 father # 434: #2 Uncle William. # Interviewer: Yeah Uncle William or if his name was John you'd call him- 434: Uncle John. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Do you remember uh General in the- in the Civil War do you remember the name of the general who commanded the South? Okay. You ever heard of uh- of Robert E. Lee? 434: I heard of him. Interviewer: Uh-huh. But if he was a General he- he'd be- he'd be called what? You'd call him- 434: He would be the- Interviewer: #1 {X} # 434: #2 {X} # He'd be the head of the army. #1 Master- # Aux: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Alright you might say uh- you might say- uh Captain John's but you'd call him General- 434: He'd be the captain. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Yeah. Okay. What about uh- Aux: {NW} Interviewer: You know anything about military rank? We were talking about uh captain and general and private or anything like that? Do you know any #1 of those ranks? # 434: #2 I don't- # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # I don't know nothing about this military. And this- this army's business like that. Interviewer: Have you ever heard of uh- of a colonel? 434: I've heard it. Heard colonels. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. What about uh- what do you call the man who- who runs a- the county court? You'd say he's a what? 434: Judge? Interviewer: Yeah. You know any judges? You ever had any dealings with judges? 434: What is {X} isn't he a judge? Interviewer: Who's that? 434: {B} isn't he a judge? Interviewer: Yeah he's a probate judge. Alright you know him? 434: Sure. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Now ms {X} used to be a judge down in {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Aux: {B} you so sleepy why don't you check out? Interviewer: No I can hear him alright. What do you call- what would you call a boy or a girl who's in school? You'd say that he's a- well he's a what? 434: Scholar. Interviewer: A scholar okay. What about uh- Aux: Student. Interviewer: What do you call a woman who works in a- in an office who takes care of another man's mail and types his letters and all that? 434: She's a {X} Interviewer: Okay. Fair. Have you ever what do you- what would you call a woman who app- appears in uh- in uh on stage you know in a play or a movie or something like that? 434: Star. Interviewer: Okay. What uh- what- talking about nationality General what would you call anybody who's born in the United States, he'd be a what? 434: American. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about uh- let's see- General I've heard you sa- I've heard- I've heard you call yourself big nigger. Do you like to be called that? 434: Don't make me a bit of difference #1 that's because # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 434: I done had that name for years. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What 434: #1 {D: Now} # Interviewer: #2 about uh # 434: Don't nobody call me that with white folks. Interviewer: Is that right? You don't- is there- is there any term that a- that a white man might use if he said that is there any way that he might say it that you'd resent it or take offense? 434: Sure. Not- Not a bit. Interviewer: Is that right? 434: That's right. Interviewer: But you say other black people don't call- 434: But other black people- a- a lot of- see if I get mad if you call me a nigger you- I'm letting you know I is a nigger. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: But if I don't get mad you know I ain't no nigger. Interviewer: Do you ever use the term negro? 434: I've- #1 seen that but- # Aux: #2 Yeah but- # 434: That's- {D: now they come here we do} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: {X} negro. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: But you didn't give 'em that name did you? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Did you #1 give- # Interviewer: #2 No- no # 434: you didn't give 'em that name. They had that when they brought 'em over here. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And a lot of folks don't want you to call 'em a nigger and they don't want you to call 'em black, now what you gonna call 'em? Interviewer: Yeah I was about to say you know the- the term that most uh uh black people like to be called now, especially the young ones are just black. You know just call 'em- Say he's a black. If you have to refer to him just 434: #1 Well I- uh I # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 434: just soon {D: found} call 'em nigger cuz you can say a black dog. Interviewer: Well that's true. 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: {NW} Interviewer: #1 Well you got a point there. # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {NW} Well since- since I'm not- since I'm not your color General what would you call me? 434: White man. Interviewer: Call me a white man. 434: Yeah. Interviewer: Well is there any word that you might use to call a white man in any special situation if maybe you were joking about him or something like that? 434: Well now there's a lotta white folks- there's a class of white folks- it's right down in the- now there ain't no difference in our flesh. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: But there's a class of white peoples go right along grade theyselves right along with the colored race of peoples. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Now the- there's a class of white folks think the better class of white folks meddling at 'em. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Well the colored man think the white folks hate him cuz he's black. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: But they don't. White folks don't hate colored folks. They don't hate 'em- they- they- they respect 'em. They care for 'em. But he think cuz he's black that you hate him. While the poor man think cuz he can't come to your house and sleep in the bed with you and spend the nights at your house he think you {D: picking outta him} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: but you ain't. There's a class a niggers I wouldn't let get in my bed, I'd go out there and sleep in them leaves with 'em before I'd let him come in here and go in my bed cuz he's nasty and filthy. Well there's a class of white folks you don't to invite 'em to your home. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: They white. But the flesh- ain't a bit of difference in the flesh. That moral standing. {NS} Interviewer: What are- what are- if uh is there anything that you might call a white man if you were just real mad at him and you wanted to insult him? Is there any um- 434: Now they- A lot of peoples call white folk- uh call- get mad and then they call 'em {D: peckers} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And crackers. Interviewer: Uh-huh. So if you want to insult somebody you'd- you'd call 'em that? 434: That's right well now Interviewer: #1 You want to get him # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: mad. 434: They is some crackers. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # And they {NW} {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: You never have no trouble outta good white folks. All the trouble is- colored peoples have they have it out of sorry class a white peoples. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: but the better class of white peoples don't believe in fussing and fighting. Interviewer: Uh-huh. It's a lot easier to get along 434: #1 That's # Interviewer: #2 isn't it? # 434: right, you see it's the best to get along. See I was raised in the family a good family of white peoples Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: {D: slept there.} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Me and these boys wrestling {D: he gave a} their dad would paddle me just like he did them. Uh-huh. 434: Well I stayed there with them {X} looked like it's- it was got the hard for me to get along with colored folks. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: But I don't hate nobody. I ain't got no hatred in my heart against nobody but I hate sin. God hate. {NS} Interviewer: Okay. I guess that's the best way to be isn't it? 434: That's right. Interviewer: What would uh- General what would a- 434: What was that now? Interviewer: That story about uh ms {B} 434: There was a kid coming to him one night, you saw they lived up there by themselves and one night you saw a light on. Yeah and he was up there at the house and I- I- was coming out from Shady Grove down there and I see the light up there late that night and I just went on up there to see what's the matter. {NS} And I got up there and he was sitting up and his niece was in the bed. I said- He said {B} I'm glad you come. Said Bobby's sick. I said he is? He said yeah Bobby's mighty sick. I said what did he eat? He said he ate a bowl of grits- griddle full of boiled eggs. I said what did you give him since he eat this stuff? Said I give him a half a box of epsom salt. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {X} Interviewer: Half a box of ep- #1 som # 434: #2 He said half a # box of epsom salt. And about three or four big tablespoons full of soda. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # I went back there to the bed {D: all} how you feeling mr {D: Crub}? He said I'm damn nigh dead. {B} #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: He said go get Ned and tell Ned to come and come at once and let's get him to a doctor. We went over there and woke him up. I called him Captain Ned, Captain Ned! Yeah? I just {D: asked} {B} {D: I said mr Rob throw that bat all} sick and said for you to come take him to the doctor. Where's {D: Adel?} He's at my- ms Daisy's place. He said I'll be out there in a few minutes. He just put on his housecoat you know and out the door he comes with me {D: Mose was} on our way back to the house and we heard him crank up and when his light hit Mose's car Mose just hit the ditch cuz he knowed- I- {D: he driven enough} and when he passed me and Mose me and Mose had to sit over there on the side of the road while five or ten men Interviewer: #1 {X} # 434: #2 before we could {D: get back on the road}. # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # {NW} And we made it coming out with ms Daisy and mr Rob get him to the doctor. And I didn't see him no more about a week and I said how did mr Rob get, ms Daisy? Said he got well before the doctor rang. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # He done did see the doctor. {C: laughing} Interviewer: {NW} 434: He said Ned scared him so bad. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {NW} 434: {X} He said that it scared him so bad he stopped and that's {X} moved his bowels and his got well right straight. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {D: He doesn't call the doctor} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # It's- {D: that's how you get 'em mr Rob}. He uh taken sick up there and died. Now he was lazy, never did marry. And he'd sit in one place all day long while somebody- well he didn't have {X} Just like you sitting there he wouldn't get up. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 No he- # They wouldn't go get a drink of water Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 get- wake me to come get up # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # {NW} Sit right on that porch and wait for me to get him water. Interviewer: {NW} 434: And that was a lazy white man, fine looking fellow too. Cuz he didn't- he hated work so bad he wouldn't take {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # He wouldn't work- Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} And they- they had an old uncle named Gus. You talking about a mean white man, he was one of 'em. He killed thirteen men and go on and tell you the truth, now you wanna hell raise out of a bunch of niggers you let 'em be in the road and say here come Captain Gus! {NW} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 They get to thinking {D: like this}. # They is scared of that man. Now he didn't bother everybody but the folks did scare him and kill him for it. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 Children was # scared of him. I was scared of him! And I I was {X} {B} when he killed a lot of people when I was little, I didn't know nothing about it much, you know it? And it was old man Jimmy {B} brother. And the last man he killed- he killed one of these highway men, was an Indian there on the highway somehow {X} he was inspecting. Old Captain Gus picks the road and that man went out and condemned and he jumped on it. And this fellow whooped him. {NS} And he ran to the camp and got his horse {NS} and saddled him up and rid {C: pronunciation of rode} to town tied that horse and he walked the streets 'til he found that man and shot him six times. Men wants to {D: kill} Well then they taken all his weapons away from him and put him under probation, they kept from executing him. His folks had a lot of money and they just nearly went broke trying to save him. So he come home and he found out I was raised with his brother's childrens. And he'd taken a liking to me and I was scared of him. Interviewer: {NW} {NW} 434: He {D: called out to me to} go hunting with him. And I was scared to go and scared not to go, I didn't know what to {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # He bring a mule for me to ride. And he had a big dog named George. And old George wouldn't run nothing with rabbits at night I don't reckon but everything George struck was a wildcat or a fox or a coon. You better not tell him he's running the rabbit {X} Rabbit come right under the mule {D: the boss was} riding, just come right along by. And that dog come along there he hot damn General he's running that cat that I need, I said yes sir. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 {NW} # He said {B} your dog and my dog wouldn't run rabbits at night. Your dog won't run no cat! I'm going back to Georgia and buy you a pair {D: cat dog} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # I told him yes sir. Interviewer: {NW} 434: And me and him running and hunting and excited to go to sleep. And I was scared to go to sleep in the woods with him. He pulled his saddle off, I pulled mine off and we built a fire and I laid my- he laid his head on his saddle, I laid my h- head on mine. He snored, he got to snoring, after a while he say lay still. Lay still. Don't you move. I said to him, said if he can be in these woods by yourself cuz you Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # me not moving {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # But he was dreaming about the folks I reckon he had killed. And that man lived over there and he come here and he tell {B} {B} scared of him too. {NW} He tell {B} you go in the other room me and {B} gonna stay in here. {B} go in there and go to bed and he'd stand here. He blow a horn {X} He'd keep you up all night, he'd sit up in the house Sunday night or any other night and just blow a horn all night long. Drank whiskey and coffee you know and after he found out I was raised with his family I have an old car. He said {B} I said yes sir. If I got out, want me and you to ride about something tomorrow. I said Captain Gus I ain't got no tag on my car. My truck. {NW} Hell you can't run on a tag, it take gas to run a car. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # He tell my poor daddy man. {NW} I said what the lord give him. Ain't a law in hell arrest you with me. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # And they wouldn't Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 but they knowed the {D: Captain} # They thought I {X} they'd let me go too, they wouldn't bother me. So I cranked up. Now they just scared to death, I was scared not to go with the man now this- he had me in the middle and he met a white fellow down the road and this white fellow just as scared of him as a rabbit was a dog. Oh he just mr Carter, mr Carter he's down with me today praying. Mr Carter get out and have dinner with him. I said now, hoping he would and I don't know why they said {B} I said yup. He said I believe I'll go out there and eat dinner with old Bob {D: Mosh} today he says you be back here at one o'clock. Said we want to go out 'til the pine and out through the {D: Lovvorn} and past {X} on through Troy and up all round the highway and {NS} China Grove. I said I ain't got a {X} Ain't got no license and no tag. Hell you can't run a car on a license, it take gas to run a car. And I don't put that in there. {NW} So I went home and driv {C: pronunciation of drive} my car around to the back of the house and told Bill to tell him somebody come help me, I had to leave. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # So that old man happen to keep 'em down there and when he did come to my house he got drunk was walking across the ditches. Straight old fellow. And there's a board went across the ditch, I said can you cross this ditch? He said yeah! And he got slammed across the ditch and went to pick up his feet to step off on the ground and he got off balance and he went in the ditch deep as that door there. Lot of his back in the mud and water. Interviewer: {NW} 434: I got down there and got him out. Carried him up there to the house, build a fire for him. And next news I hear is that old man he fell in a fire and burn up. Interviewer: Is that right? 434: Right. Fell in the fire and burned up hisself. Interviewer: {NW} 434: Now he was a bad fellow. Talking about folks scared of him. His uh- his niece had him working for him. And his- he hated Old Captain Jim's wife so bad when she'd come out there he'd eat at the store, he wouldn't eat there. He said if he eat at the table where she was he'd kill her. {NS} They got to squabbling there one day and old man Gus had old man Jim get him {X} Got mad at old Captain Jim. Well don't nobody tell us about {X} I be about wanting him killed myself. So he walked into the closet and kept his pistol in there. He stayed in there a few minutes {X} pistol's there. {NW} Said he {D: heard him} sliding down against the walls sitting down in there. Said didn't nobody open the door. Said well {X} open the door by god you thought I was dead didn't you? Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {D: He done dead. They go and shoot the-} and they going to snatch the door open and see {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} {X} Yeah I have a lot of experience with- with white people. Interviewer: {NW} 434: Lot of it, lot of it, lot of it. Interviewer: {NW} 434: #1 I paid # Interviewer: #2 You ever h- # 434: for a man once cleaning off yards that barbecue a hog. He was drunk. And it's a drizzling rain. {D: Dagonnit} let me go in here and get General a raincoat to put on him. And I was raking out there in the yard and he went and {X} put the raincoat on. And the house is up high as the ground. He come out there {D: whole lot of work and that- get the} raincoat on, went under the house {X} done left me out there in the rain. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # {NW} He said dagonnit here I am under the house with a coat on and {B} out there in the rain. {NS} No that Gus was a sight {X} lived in this house and down there and he'd come he had a fellow followed him around, he made him play a guitar for him. And he'd make him swap right off on one song, didn't nothing even care what he was playing. He'd tell him something else he had to keep on with the guitar, wouldn't you? {NW} He'd be playing ain't gonna rain no more, ain't gonna rain no more play the {X} {NW} then he'd start on something else. {C: laughing throughout} That man had that boy messed up. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {NW} He took a little old nigger boy waiting for a woman over there in {X} Tucker. And raised him. And th- he had that boy riding a mule the boy's leg would come along here on the mule's {NS} side and he made him cuss out everybody he wanted, little old kids couldn't talk plain Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # He'd see somebody coming he says {X} He said yes sir? I want you to cuss that man when you get to him. Interviewer: {NW} 434: The man is riding by and said hello mr Carter. He said cuss him {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Said that little boy start {X} Cuss him {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # he got twenty something years old. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {NW} {NW} Niggers was gambling down there and that little old woman down there {X} {D: nobody just gives} some money. He went out there say he come back and woke up {D: Gus goes is the job done?} Said uh-huh. They took my money down there {X} Took your money? Yes. God damn wait a minute {D: you got that all wrong}. {D: he'd put it to all of 'em} got his pistol and went down there. Niggers had money just piled up around there. When he walked up they looked up pick up all that money {D: that's your's} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 {NS} # {D: Sent} that little boy got down there and raked it all up and went on back to his house. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {D: Stern} That was a bad white man. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {D: Just had to go down and lose some more} {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # That Gus call 'em the champions. Interviewer: {NW} #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # I seen some little old white boys one day, I was messing with some little white boys {X} and Mike. And {D: Ned Giddins} was little. And they mother's had me fooling around with 'em, playing with 'em. And they had buggies then. Bigshot peoples had buggies and horses. And these little old boys had a buggy they were walking around with it you know. And old man Gus had a brother name {D: Hein} and him and mr Hein co- come down and said {NS} {X} These little boys come down there about that high, they looked up at {D: the man} one of 'em shot old man Gus round the shoulders with that buggy whip. {NW} Interviewer: {NW} 434: Old man Gus caught him by his arm, snatched it out of his hand, took the buggy and every- and hit him right here. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # That boy {D: up there} {NW} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # His daddy's standing right there. And he went to house and told him mo- mother's scared of him too. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {NW} Goddamn you I'll show you who to hit. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # I bet that boy never did touch his old gun no more. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {X} Interviewer: {NW} 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: {NW} Gus was a sight. Interviewer: {NW} 434: And after he learnt me Nobody didn't offer me {B} mm-mm. I was just scared of him now if he's black man as I did- Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {D: Tell him} {D: It's that he-} You working on the county road and you have some niggers on the camp and they just camp in old houses like {D: Niam} out there you know {D: and there were these} road camps where folks moved outta houses they camped there and they cooked in there and go in out the {X} He had a house rented then niggers was sleeping in it. And he'd wake up every morning and ring twelve and one o'clock at night and wake 'em up, they was using mules then building roads with mules and wheelers and wagons and things. So he go down, had a big stick. Hit on the wall of the house. {X} {X} Get out goddamn get out, get out. Boy was waking up there two- two and three o'clock at night and have to get out there and get clothes on, catch them mules and had to give one to ms Daisy {NW} {D: go to work}. {NW} Say he went out one night and he beat on the side of the house said nigger was in there. Old man Gus walked off to {X} Niggers have this goddamn man with {D: creek} coming around here #1 every morning. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 434: Waking us up this time #1 of night. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # {NW} 434: And one of them other niggers told the boss man about it, told old man Gus {D: Gus} Said old man Gus come early that next night. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # {NS} He walked up there, he slammed the door. {D: Come back, come back} Get on the ground, get on the- come outta there. And he went walking this way like he going but a nigger thought he'd gone. He hears that walking just stomping like he's walking off {X} {X} wish that goddamn man would {X} Uh-huh I hear that. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # He said keep that door- Interviewer: {NW} 434: Said {NW} niggers was running out of the house before {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 Oh # 434: #2 {NW} # Said {D: he hopped just like a chicken when you break his pace}. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Said run to the line said some of them had the mule by his tail. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Ain't gonna let no folks go out there {X} 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: Ah that {X} I say some of them men both foots down, one leg is {D: over on the other now} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # {NW} {D: I said} {NW} And he sent a man up a tree {D: there in the forest}. And the- He say you see him? He say yes {X} I see him. Catch him! Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # He- he saying Bobby! Catch him! {NW} So he ran towards it catching that horse and got him right by the hand. That nigger was hollering come up here Captain Gus they got me! {NW} Come up here! Come up here! {D: He got me} Said- he said throw him down. He said come up here! He got me! He said throw him down! That nigger's taking his {D: can, pour some right on his hand this way} Interviewer: {NW} 434: That why he hear that {X} {NW} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # He {D: sat in that boss's lap, in his hand} he went well. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {NW} That boy said {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} Lord have mercy. I had a lot of {X} out of old Captain Gus. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {D: Veer} did too. He went on {D: for the car} and poured whiskey in his {D: coffin}. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # {NW} {B} forbade him too, but he said go in the other room. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Is that true {B}? {B} want no parts of Captain Gus. Aux: #1 {X} # 434: #2 {NW} # Aux: I sat him down on the toilet, no thank you! Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} Interviewer: {NW} 434: And he just thought the world of me but I was scared of him. Yes sir I was scared of that man. {NS} And he wore his hat down over one of his eyes. Looked like a {X} {D: He tell me} Coon wants you. You see a coon laying up tree and he has his eyes closed {D: opened 'em} just see a little bit of red {X} But he put his hat over his right eye. And he had that other eye- I don't know what kind of {X} {D: Hit that} coach whip. Interviewer: {NW} 434: {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {X} {NW} And they come out there to wrestle mules. The law from Troy went out to right here to take some mules, they was closing out a road camp. {D: He took past the mules} and wouldn't let him have 'em. Well you see, they didn't want to kill 'em. And that's what they'd had done after got them mules. They had to kill 'em. So they didn't have to {X} They said I reckon them and one of them and the mules wasn't worth somebody getting killed about you know. That old- my man Gus was mean he- He'da shot 'em. And uh they'd of had to kill him {X} And they had a big old boy- fine looking boy, got's a- {D: Go go with him} Captain Gus got some mean {X} his folks were scared of him. A nice family. And his wife was scared of him and his childrens I reckon all was scared of him and he had to leave. Left. And I was cooking for some boys. come outta {D: Dawny} up here in Grady. Made a pot of camp stew for 'em. And I kept hearing them in the house hollering {B} boy {B} boy {B} boy now. {D: Seen a little} slender white boy walking around in there, black head and had that coach whip look in the eye and a hat hung over his right eye just like his daddy you know and foreign looking young man and he come walking out to the pothole I was. I said I keep hearing them talk about {B} boy {B} boy in there. I said is you in relation to the {B} around here? He said I don't know! He said do you know Uncle Jimmy? I said yes sir I know him. Said I was raised at his house, I stayed there from six years old on up and 'til I got a {X} Did you know Uncle {D: Lace} {B} I said yeah I knowed him. Uncle George? Yeah. Uncle John? I said I knowed all of them. Did you ever know mr Gus {B}? Yes sir. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # I can tell he think {X} He said well that's my father. I said you didn't know you was talking to your first cousin did you? Interviewer: {NW} 434: He said no, I said this {B} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # He went in the house, told his mother. He said mother I found some of our kin folks- Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # And she come out and when I told her all about those {B} And I told her I'm {D: Yellow's} first cousin. I'm that boy's first cousin. And he pulled out a silver dollar and handed it to me. Said {B} keep this in remembrance of me. I kept it about six months. Interviewer: {NW} 434: I let somebody have it and- 'til I could get another dollar and {X} there while I got the h- I got the other dollar from another fellow and couldn't get none over with so I lost it! {NW} Interviewer: {NW} 434: I- Now cooked all that {X} barbecue. Twelve hundred pounds of meat. Made three pots of camp stew. And I was on the airplane show. In {D: Troy} and they take my pictures. Toting hams and shoulders and a big butcher knife, I'd be going to the table with a shoulder of meat, they'd catch my picture you know and- And then I played the guitar and they put me on air. And a white lady {X} they got it over there and she said {B} I saw you on TV the other night and I jumped all over the place. And they thought I- my name being {B} they thought I was {B} in some office in the army #1 {D: and there was something there} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: {NS} {D: They thought I was that nigger with that plan to cut him off} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # They said he thought I was some {B} and some nigger {X} in the army so- and I was over there plowing old mule. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {NW} Yes sir I've had a lot of experience with white folk. I've been with more white folks {X} colors, I reckon they deal in this whole community I- There used to be an old sheriff up there at Grady. He was tough old man and I'd go up there and there's so many different white folks just he got to notice me. And one day he said to me he said I see you with more different white folks then I ever see'd a nigger in my life. He says what kind of fellow are you? I said I don't know. {NW} {D: What kind are you?} {X} And he got to worry he just like me, I go to Grady and didn't have no tag on my car {NW} Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} Didn't have no license. {NW} {X} Now {B} sheriff {D: owns}. And the highway patrol would come up. And I was in the store. I see them walk over there to one of the clerks and say who's car is that out there? Had my leg {X: fold on}- a hole in the- glass in the front of it. In the windshield. So I could stick my hand through there, that's the way I {D: drill} with a five cell flashlight at night. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # I see'd that light through that hole. Every time when I went to meeting somebody I'd stop. And 'til they passed and then I'd pull back in the road, cut my light on and was gone. Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NS} the tag had rusted off back there behind the window. Now the police back there for the tag Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # I seed him over there talking to him and I heard one of the men say that's Big Nigger's car. And they went to laughing, the store people {X} and he come over. He said {B} that your car? I said yes sir. He said you got any license? He said where's your tag? I said I don't have none. Got no license? I said yes sir. Boys, I see 'em standing on- {NS} I was gonna outrun him. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # He couldn't help but laugh when I told him I set it on {X} He said, let me tell you one thing. Interviewer: {NW} 434: You get that car home, put there in your backyard and you didn't {X} He- you get some {X} in {D: that tank of your's} I said yes sir. I {D: driv} it back {C: pronunciation of drove} {X} {D: and driv on the} {pronunciation of drove} red light there's- and didn't have no brakes and I tried to stop here and went back down through town backwards. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # {NW} {NW} When you messing with the clutch that's when you can go traveling {D: didn't showed up} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {X} {NW} {X} People was jumping out the car and holding {B} boys {B} holding {NW} and he popped the car and got on the side of my car and slowed it down. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # And them white folks outside of my car to slow it down on there and pushed it into the village, they left me sitting up there. {NW} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # I got out and walked up to him. Interviewer: {NW} 434: When I come back the man had put some brakes on it. {NW} I didn't charge him nothing. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {NW} 434: I had three cars and ain't never had no license, didn't have tags. I think I finally got one tag. {NW} {D: Driv} {C: pronunciation of drove} all over the country. All these churches round here didn't have no horn, I'd meet folks in the road, {D: you'd hear me say} {NW} {X} {NW} My wife got to where she didn't want to ride with me. I'd pass by folks, I said {NW} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # I'd {D: ask for direction} And I'd cook for 'em and everybody put a car in my yard, I got to {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # I had an eight pound lard bucket. {NW} And I got through with it- when I got their suppers done I'd go round there {D: with Carter} and get me some gas. And put it in mine. He didn't care you know, he didn't care- And I left a man {X} in the median down there. Said below Shady Grove and cook some squash for him late one evening and a bunch had gone out squirrel hunting. And they wanted to cook the squirrels in the swamp. And they ask me to go down there meet 'em to fry the squirrel. I had a gallon of gas when I left the house. I got down here to Shady Grove I {D: called all this young} honey. Old Honey had a brand new car. I said Honey? He said uh-huh? Let me have a gallon of gas. He said you got any way to get it? I said I keep a way to get it out of other folks' car. Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} He said get you a gallon. I got my tube and set my bucket back there. drawed a {D: mile of gas} The preacher from Shady Grove he's standing there. I have a quarter and gas was fifteen or twenty cents and I handed it over so I was just handing it back to him. Preacher sees. I went on up to the preacher and I said reverend? He said uh-huh? Let me have a gallon of gas. He says Got a way to get it {X} I said yes sir, I'll draw you out a gallon. I drawed him out a- a gallon, I hand him a quarter, he hand it back to me. I went on and cooked the squash for him and the man down there know him. I told him my gas was short and he come up on a hill and put his car on a hillside {D: just waiting} I got three gallons out of his. Interviewer: {NW} 434: And he wouldn't take the quarter. Interviewer: {NW} 434: I come on across the creek over there and run up on a poor man. Didn't have nothing and he had a car and I saw- I stopped there, he knowed me and I said mr {D: Miller} he said yeah, what about a gallon of gas? Yeah hot dang, you can get mine. I went down drawing and got- didn't get a half-gallon and he took my quarter. {NW} I left my quarter there with him. He didn't say drive off and take your quarter with you. {NW} {NW} I left Shady Grove one night and the- bunch of colored people would hang around the hobo mill up the road you know, the ride. Come home, they lived {X} Cutting that curve there they all the {D: mole} got on one side of the truck and they did the other and I {D: decided that} swing out on that side of the road and when I did my wheels hit the soft dirt. And I just put the- {X} being on that side was just pulling them right over there in the ditch. And there's a briar patch just along side of the fence and all the plum bushes and things. And I heard the back of the truck hit the bush {NW} {D: that's what you're doing} I looked back. Man this nigger's hanging on that fence like clothes. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 434: {NW} Thought he had jumped out of. {X} {X} {X} Interviewer: {NW} 434: I stopped the truck, I said y'all want a ride? No! Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 I didn't mean to do 'em that way but- # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # but that thing that pulled him over too far. {NW} Well miss {X} {B} told me to tell all of the boys. We can get all the wood we want out of his pasture and he'll come over there and he'll go with us and he got a powerful saw and he'll help cut it. Green or dry he said it don't make no difference to him, he had plenty of it. Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 We going to- # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: We gonna get together out here Friday now. 434: Right. Interviewer: You ready aren't you? 434: That's right. And he told him to tell 'em. David was there. David went with me over there. He told David he said he got a big power saw and I got green wood. I got dry wood. Cut either one you want. Interviewer: What kind of wood we need to put under that- 434: Oak. Interviewer: #1 Green or dry? # 434: #2 You need oak. # We need oak wood to- Interviewer: Green or dry? 434: That's r- any of it. Green {D: yourself} you get the fire started. Any of it will burn. But we got to burn that pot out. Interviewer: Yeah. 434: Get it cleaned out. Well we may have to borrow a pot. If we can't get it like we want it, we'll get us a pot somewhere else. Interviewer: We can clean it. We get it clean. 434: See get it red hot and burn it out, that's all it need. Interviewer: Yeah I'll bring some cleaning stuff- 434: {X} {D: over there} we- me and David's over there the other day at his- {NS} got a great big pasture he said he got a little old bottom {D: lab} where there's oak trees any size we wanted. And he'd help cut it. And he'd let his truck {X} That's fair enough, wasn't it? Interviewer: Sure is. When do you want to go buy the meat? Thursday? 434: Whenever you come out- whenever you get ready we'll get the meat. See we can get the meat and throw it right in that freezer until we get ready to cook it. Interviewer: Um. Okay. Where do you want to go buy it? 434: It's the best {X} you can get it- might get it cheaper where that butcher at. What do you call that house? Where they slaughter- Interviewer: Slaughter house? 434: Yeah. Interviewer: Slaughter house? 434: Yes. Interviewer: They wouldn't have any hens there though would they? 434: I don't think they have hens there. But your pork meats, you might get it cheaper to go there and buy it than you would at these supermarkets and places. Interviewer: Yeah. Isn't there a slaughter house in {D: Vernage}? Yeah. There's one out there- out in Troy too. Outside of Troy I believe, going out toward uh {D: Agoshia} A slaughter house on the Henderson Road, isn't it? What's that road- what's the road that goes across right there at uh- You know where {D: Hepsa} the church is? Uh-huh. Bottom of the road. After you pass {D: Hepsa} the church on out there about four mile there's a slaughter house on the right. 434: They says there's two colored fellow got killed over there lived in a {X} last night I reckon Last night. They're- come over the hill somewhere and run into a white woman. Killed both of them. Two brothers in the car, two nigger brothers. In the car and says they looking for the white lady that died. I don't whether she had died or not but they killed them right there. {X} There's a holes, knocked me in one of them side ten he was driving I reckon he's still in there- Interviewer: Yeah. 434: And the other one {X} killed him too and said {NW} you could smell the whiskey all around where the {X} Drunk. Interviewer: {NW} 434: Now they killed a- this poor white lady {D: nana} was sober. No doubt didn't have nothing in 'em, was just going home or someplace and drunks just run a head collision into it. He sees it. Drunk peoples kills peoples that don't even drink. Interviewer: Yeah. 434: {NS} And that's devil will get strict on that law. People will open up down the road under the influence and they could- c- they crazy enough without whiskey. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # When you get something that mess your brains up 'til you don't know what you done or not you're in bad shape. That's what they were, just boys with a bootlegger. He made whiskey. {NS} Well that ends his career you know. And I was standing here the other night {D: watching it} Telling my wife what sin would do. {NS} Sin will make you kill yourself. Sin will make you kill somebody. Sin'll break up your home. Sin'll make you disrespect your fellow man. And sin will keep you at the end of sin's death. That's what the Bible says. At the end of all sin is death. Well you see these boys was sin. I told my wife just as quick as- as Christ can snatch you away to be with- God can snatch you away from the sinful people to be at home with Jesus. It's that quick that them mens went to hell in that car. Interviewer: {D: Great}. 434: {D: Yes sir} Get in the cellar that quick. See when you go down in your house off of this floor then you go down in the cellar. {NW} And a lot of peoples when you put 'em in the ground they in the cellar. {NS} And they never get up no more into- after the rapture. Interviewer: That bootleg whiskey must not be much good is it? 434: What was that? Interviewer: That bootleg whiskey- is that pretty strong stuff? 434: See that- that bootleg whiskey- Interviewer: Here comes somebody I don't know. 434: {D: What was that?} Interviewer: Who is it driving a blue pickup? 434: {D: Maybe Ed} {NS} Interviewer: Going in that pasture, the bottom pasture I believe. {NS} 434: They went on back? Interviewer: Went to that pasture down toward the chicken house. 434: Oh that's {X} {NS} That's old man {D: John} {NS} {X} deal with whiskey you know. All whiskey'll make you drunk, won't it? Interviewer: {X} I've ever heard of. {NS} 434: I was telling them last night about a preacher eat dinner with one of his deacons. and the deacon told him- asked him would he take a drink with him. Preacher told him no, I couldn't drink. And he told his wife now I just got to have a little shot. {D: And said} So uh I didn't have the appetite to eat and said you pour some little whiskey in that milk on the table and that way the preacher can't smell it on me so much. They sat down table and start eating. And the preacher got eating on it, take another bite, {D: let him} swallow the milk {NW} sit there a little bit, the milk tasted good to him. He dranked up that glass of milk, he said more milk please. Lady poured him another glass of milk. And he drank that. Sit there {D: for a minute and then} he said more milk please. And he drank about four glasses of that milk. He feeling good when he got through. So he went out on the porch and washed his hands wiping his hands. {X} When the deacon come walking out he says Deacon. {D: How much} {X} take for that cow? He got- Deacon said she ain't for sale, that's the only one I got. He said if she ever have a heifer calf I want it. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 He thought that cow- # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # He thought that cow was giving that kind of milk. {C: laughter} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {NW} He thought that cow'd give him milk, make him feel however he wanted, that cow. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # If she ever have a heifer calf he sure wants her. Interviewer: {NW} {NW} 434: He- {NW} {NW} I told old boy once I asked him about going hunting with me. And he just married. A great big old fat short gal, she's- big old chunky girl you know. And she come there while me and him was talking and sit down there on the step. He said honey? Said uh-huh? Go out there and spent the night with Floyd, I wanna go hunting {B} She sat there a little bit and me and him kept talking and she never did say what she doing. He said will you go out there and spent the night with Floyd? And she was mad, she commence to swelling you know. She got bigger and bigger. Her face commence at getting red and- and he kept begging at her, why? She says I won't do it. And he said yes you will. She said I won't. He said I reckon by god you will. Says that I won't! If I'd known he's going to treat me this way I'd stay at home! He said by god, know much about you I do now {D: left you there} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Hell when I got through with him on that night I bet he'd wished he'd listened at his wife. {NW} {NW} That boy hunting with me that night, the preacher's legs split open. And he had on shorts and it was cold. {X} And I got in a mud pond that night- an old mud mash-y place, and I stayed in there about three hours. Before I could get out. Finally I found my way out of that mud place and when I did the wind had changed then and got in the North. And the leaves began to rattle with ice on 'em. And I- well I had on my pair of eighteen-inch boots. And I was wet up above my boots and my feets wasn't wet but that mud and stuff is sloshed on it. And I come down over the road 'til there's a plant down in a ditch, some old bridge had fell in. And I just had enough light to get there and I didn't have any other piece of light. There wasn't nothing for me to do but lay there for days and it was cold. And that boy lay there that night with his leg out {NW} {X} come out the swamp. {NW} He- We had our mules out there in that barn. And the man that lived here said if he knowed which one was mules that {X} going out there and turn him out and run him over! {NW} If I tell you never mentioned hunting with me no more. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: {NW} 434: {D: Loved his} #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # Aux: {X} Interviewer: {B} General gonna hang with him? Aux: {NW} {D: What we're trying to do.} {D: You tell me that at the wrong time.} 434: {X} Aux: {X} Interviewer: Lost you? Aux: #1 Am I # Interviewer: #2 You mean- # Aux: sleepy? Interviewer: Cuz you're sleepy? Aux: I got sleepy and- and I- 434: {NW} Aux: {X} Interviewer: {NW} 434: See I tell her to keep the fire 'til I come back to it #1 and she goes {X} and let the fire go out. # Aux: #2 He build fires- # 434: Well I couldn't find it in the dark. Interviewer: {NW} 434: And once I woke up on her Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 And she's sleeping- # When she woke up I was standing there blowing my horn. Interviewer: {NW} 434: {X} Interviewer: {NW} I bet- Aux: #1 I ain't going # Interviewer: #2 he {D: seen her-} # Aux: {X} Interviewer: {NW} But you thought that {D: of Gable} didn't you? Aux: #1 Oh no. # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {NW} Aux: It scared me to death. 434: I used to hunt with these boys that'd go to sleep- I- I would have been ten myself. They bad to go to sleep and- soon as you stop they just fall right down and go to sleep and I'd rake up pine straw {NW} and make a little road right to his foot. And I'd set that pine straw on fire. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # That's how {C: laughter} {X} Sometimes I would have it go to his hand. His hand would be laying out there {X} I see you {X} coming off. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # That part of the fire {X} go out you know. Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} Some of 'em wake up and cry. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # And- {D: three or four of them night} just kept, caught a fire on his head. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Lord have mercy I had more fun one night. I woke up and my boot strings had {X} {D: loose.} Interviewer: {NW} 434: {D: They had-} they had a laugh on me then, I'd get paid for what I'd done. {NW} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {NW} {D: I wrote} used to be old white boy higher than me and Larry {B} Billy {B}, Bobo {B} {X} Billy {B} I mean Billy {B} and Bobo and Larry and had a great big old stomping. Boy hunted with us and he wouldn't help make a fire at night or nothing. And soon as the fire died down he'd come right up and get right over between them boys and the fire. And he just had to freeze them to death, when they wake #1 up they freezing. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: And a- they were scared of that big old boy, he could whup 'em. And I tell 'em, I said boys if y'all wanna whoop that boy cut you a good stick and hit him right cross the knees just as hard as you can hit him. You see you hit cross the knees he's a weakened then you know and he'll drop down then pull him Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 over the head with it. # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {D: When he get down y'all} beat the tar {D: out of him.} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # That- they scared they wouldn't get him hard enough to bring him down. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # If he {X} them boys and- I woke up one night and Billy was lying right next to me. Then I I woke up and this big old fat one fixing to sit down right in Billy's face. And Billy remained close to the fire, he's fixing to sit down right in his face, I said {D: get off there} boy, you {D: fixing to} sit down on this boy here. I woke up one night and he'd stepped over between me and the fire. I woke up cold. Interviewer: {NW} 434: I didn't say nothing to him. I went on out through woods and I found old lighter stump about this high had big old ribs to it and tar running out it and it had rotted off in the ground and I just jerked it out, great big roots and carried it up there and piled it down before I put {X} on the fire, got it all up there and then I laid it on the fire. Tar went running out it. And when he started {X} I said I ain't gonna let him catch a fire but {D: I'm gonna run and quick get in the} {X} Interviewer: {NW} 434: I laid there and watched it {D: after a while} I see his pants begin to smoke. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # He had big old thick lips. I see'd his lips go stretching out that way. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # I didn't {D: made that, just watched it} {NW} {D: smoking all up here} {X} {NW} And when he moved he'd touch it. And it was hot. {NW} He said goddamn you cotton boy {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} I said no I just want you to quit getting ahead of everybody. {X} {D: I just wanna} {X} him up. Well I broke him from getting ahead of me. {X} Go out there and hear {D: men say} {X} I wouldn't wake him up. Near that fire, made that fire wake him up. Interviewer: {NW} 434: #1 It's- # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: I was hunting one night and this fellow come to me, I heard him hollering. And I could hear him talking. My dogs were running, I thought somebody was with him. And I maybe come tell me he was drunk. He come out of {D: Helekkin} over there, come through them swamp. Drunk. Come tell me, me and a white fellow running the coon. And I- He comes staggering up there and they- and the dogs was trailing right up the creek. We was walking old fish trail up the bank of the creek and he was behind us, staggering around back there. And the creek made a bend. Come around this way. Well when he got to where that bend was me and this white fellow had walked on round the bend when he got there he caught hisself gonna straighten out that bend. {NW} He stepped right over in the creek. {NW} We heard something back there {NW} {D: I hear} {NW} {NW} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {X} hadn't floated on top of the water. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # He just went under. {X} on top of the water. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # He comes walking to the bank. {NW} {NW} {NW} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # He gets up on the bank and caught a bush. And he comes walking up the bank near the bush, climbed up {D: climbed up there} Just soon as he got his front feet up on the ground top come out of the bush right by {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # I {D: see'd} that {D: tee} come out and I told the white fellow I said the dog's getting away. You stay here with this fellow bringing him on and I'll go on and trail the coon and I- y'all can come to me, he said alright. After a while the white fellow called me. I said, what, the other man was drunk. He said hell last time I hear he waiting to {D: leak} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 He- # Then- {C: laughter} and then when I had that swamp we leaked into that swamp. And lord, he'd {X} half the creek. {NW} And he went out. Me and him trailed the coon and it was way up the swamp. He come down through there the next morning Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 about # daylight. Hand bleed- Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {X} He had a big fire he come down and steal up all the fire {X} I said {D: oh you still got a while to feel} right cross the fire. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {NW} {D: He-} he told 'em he never gonna hunt with {B} no more. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # He ain't been with me no more either. Interviewer: {NW} {NW} 434: {NW} Lord have mercy. Interviewer: {NW} You used to hunt a lot didn't you General? 434: Yes sir I used to hunt {X} I used to hunt- Interviewer: What all's good to hunt around here? 434: What? Interviewer: What all's good to hunt around here? 434: Coon. Cat, fox. {NS} I bird hunted. I hunted with mens come out of Montgomery. They'd go bird hunting you know and they'd give me shells and I'd go hunting with 'em. And I couldn't kill no birds flying. That they flew the way I sho- Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # And- these mens could kill birds And I wait 'til he shoot and I shoot at the bird fallen were he killed. He said {B} you got them? I said yes sir. {NW} I wouldn't even touch it. And a man come down there to go hunting with me. There's a white fellow told me, said {B} This man and- getting to come down here for you to go hunting with him. He can't miss a birdie. I don't believe he could miss a bird if he tried. And he come down there one morning, got there about {X} sun up. Said {B} this is mr Taylor he come down here. Mr Carter told on you to take him out hunting today. I told him yeah. I had a good gun and he had plenty of shells. I said well I can't kill no birds. {D: I think if I kill this} fellow when the {X} Good hunters over there plain could kill birds. And I {X} {D: and told him- bald} man man over there named Chris {B} And he went- he went for a crack shot, he had one of these big pump guns you know and those good {D: boy} dog. And I had a good boy dog. {X} Got over there and this man- dogs got to trailing birds and it was hot and the birds wouldn't stick. They'd get up before the dog could point. And this fellow went to shooting anyhow and this colored fellow's come to me and said ain't nothing to him, you can kill {NS} I said {X} And I don't know why them boys got to where- he said when you shoot out in front and off that way get 'em scared they begin to stick, they won't fly up so quick. And this dog was getting the point. And he walk up there where them {NS} boys was {NS} {D: What the hell?} Interviewer: {D: Oh it's Turner, I got to go.} Aux: {X} 434: Hello, hello! Come on in! Aux #2: {X} got the store {D: And I want to come see him} 434: Lord have mercy. Aux #2: You know me? 434: Sure I do, this is the baby girl ain't it? Aux #2: That's right. 434: {NW} Come on in here ms {D: Barbara} {X} Listen uh mr Ed here and I can't call this one {B} Aux #2: How do you do? Glad to know you- 434: Lord have mercy, this is the baby girl. Aux #2: Yeah {B} {NW} You all look a bit older than the last time I saw you. 434: Well sure. #1 Y- y- you know how they started calling me big nigger? # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 434: {X} Aux: #1 Yeah # 434: #2 {NW} # Aux: And {D: Tay I totally} saw you on TV, I said Tay why didn't you call me? She said well I was just so interested in {B} was so good I just couldn't get up from the TV to 434: #1 {NW} # Aux: #2 call nobody. # 434: {NW} {NS} Aux #3: Dang General 434: #1 {X} # Aux #3: #2 {NW} # 434: #1 # Aux #3: #2 # 434: Couldn't trouble a bit. Come on in and have a seat. Aux #2: You had a Christmas weekend this weekend right? 434: I'm having- you know this is my children come here, I got several boy-. Aux #2: Hi y'all. Interviewer: Hi. 434: #1 Come on in this is- # Aux #2: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # Aux #2: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 # Aux #2: #2 # 434: #1 And this is- this is ms {X} young sister. # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 Oh. Very {D: kind} of you # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 to bring Marvin back. # Aux: #2 {X} # Aux #3: {X} Aux #4: We just got all of the little {X} you know Interviewer: #1 Yes. # Aux #4: #2 I- I- # reckon y'all do. And Bob hadn't seen him in so long he said I'm getting so feeble I just- Aux #2: {D: asked} Aux #4: got to go see {B} Well I said okay. Sit down there Bob and talk to him. 434: Yeah I'm so glad you come out, you know it? Me and him used to sing. Interviewer: Is that right? 434: Me and him used to sing when the road is cold up yonder {X} {NW} Interviewer: Don't reckon you can get that through together again on Friday night do you? 434: I wish we could. Interviewer: And sing that song again. 434: Yeah then- Interviewer: I'd love to hear that. Aux: #1 {D: Yeah} # 434: #2 Yes # Bob and them used to sing that song. Aux: I want to ask him, did you know Ollie and #1 {X} # Aux #4: #2 {X} # 434: {D: Sure.} Joelle was telling me about it. Aux #4: Well I didn't know if you knew or not. I didn't want to inter- Aux: {X} 434: Well you see I- Aux: #1 {X} # Aux #4: #2 {X} # Aux: #1 {X} # Aux #4: #2 somewhere- some of that road down into a- # A nurse. Aux: #1 {X} # Aux #4: #2 and head on # Aux: #1 {X} # Aux #4: #2 {X} # 434: #1 Well you see that now, that poor woman- # Aux #4: #2 {X} # Aux: {X} 434: Exactly. That's right. Aux #4: See I know them {D: things} 434: #1 They out # Aux #4: #2 {X} # 434: #1 somewhere drunk. # Aux #4: #2 {X} # the bathroom. 434: Well Aux: #1 {X} # 434: #2 {X} # Aux: #1 {X} # 434: #2 {X} # Aux #4: Are you recording that? Interviewer: #1 {X} # Aux: #2 {X} # Aux #4: #1 {X} # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: Joelle said that they said where the car had already got you you could smell the whiskey before you got. Aux #4: Well don't let {D: Reb} walk in {X} Aux #3: Get away from there or not. Interviewer: Alright. Aux #4: I don't want nobody to know that I said {X} Interviewer: #1 No not at all. # Aux #4: #2 I didn't know # he was recording that {D: did you?} Interviewer: No that's alright. It's just- it's just for my use. Aux #3: This is a- Interviewer: Just tell you, we're doing a- Aux: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 a language # Aux: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Aux #4: You better find out somebody might {X} Interviewer: {D: Nah} Aux #4: So where's that at? I didn't know that was going on. Interviewer: It won't- that won't- don't worry about that. Aux: Well- 434: {D: So this fire?} Aux #5: Yeah. 434: Sit down in our chair, it's been a- the last time I see'd you, you was cutting hair. You don't cut none now. Aux #5: Yeah I do. 434: You ever cut a nigger's hair? Aux #5: No. 434: {NW} {NW} How would you start to cut a nigger's hair? Aux #5: I don't know. 434: {NW} Aux #5: {D: Because well I had the preacher stop with me yesterday} wanted a haircut. I turned him down. Aux: {B} Buckets of {X} They already did- 434: Who? Aux: You. 434: {NW} I was telling him- you know what I tell him about y'all? Aux: What? 434: I told the boys you know them children didn't suffer for nothing that they was too lazy to go at. #1 {NW} # Aux: #2 {NW} # 434: #1 {NW} # Aux #5: #2 {NW} # 434: #1 # Aux #5: #2 # 434: Well these two gentlemens here miss {D: Barbara} You know uh ever since you knowing me I've been dealing with white folks. Aux #5: Yeah. 434: {D: Ain't you?} And I done got to {D: the first night} I tell him I ain't no nigger, I'm a black Jew. Aux #5: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # I'm the only black Jew in this country. Interviewer: {NW} Aux #5: Uh-huh. 434: {NW} Aux #5: {NW} 434: Yes lord, yeah lord, glad to see you- I'm #1 glad to see you. # Aux #5: #2 {X} # 434: You see I been knowing him ever since him and his child {X} I've known who mr Young is, used to lead these children to Sunday school. Aux: #1 This is some # Interviewer: #2 That right? # Aux: tomato sauce you eat with peas and turnip greens. And things and 434: #1 And fresh meat. # Aux: #2 {X} # We had it spiced up you know. With uh nutmeg and {X} and onions and hot peppers, everything you eat with us. Anything you wanna eat I'm putting it on the table, you hear? 434: Okay thank you. Thank you. Thank you. You see I these childrens here- all this and this girl #1 here and- # Aux #5: #2 Are y'all # coy? 434: #1 He's # Interviewer: #2 Alright # 434: taping some of my conversation. Interviewer: {NW} Aux #5: Now? 434: Yeah. Aux: {X} 434: {NW} 434: That's a man {X} Interviewer: #1 {X} # Aux #2: #2 {X} # 434: I ain't asked him what he calls 'em cuz it wasn't none of my business. {NW} Aux #2: {X} 434: I appreciate- Aux #2: We gonna go now so they can fix it. Interviewer: No no we're through. We're through with this. Aux #2: But {X} Interviewer: Don't leave- Aux: You're not gonna be on there {D: Holton} Interviewer: No no, don't worry, don't worry about that. 434: Hell if y'all on there you my childrens. Aux #2: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Aux #3: {NW} Aux #2: {NW} Where are y'all gonna put that on? 434: {NW} Interviewer: Ma'am? Aux #2: Where are y'all gonna put that on? Down here- Interviewer: Oh we're not gonna put it on. It's just 434: #1 He just # Interviewer: #2 something # 434: gonna play that hisself. Aux #2: Oh he is? 434: {D: Yeah.} Aux #2: Well if y'all ever have him on again I want to know it. Interviewer: We're going to. We're going to have him on again. We're gonna have a- Aux #2: If I can make him Interviewer: #1 {X} # Aux #2: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 big town {D: stew} meeting. # Aux #2: #2 {X} # Interviewer: Ah yes. Aux: Y'all {D: see it here} Interviewer: Friday night you know I think we might film some of that. Aux #2: #1 Bye. # Aux: #2 {X} # Aux #2: #1 We're gonna go. # Aux: #2 {X} # Aux #2: We gonna see- 434: #1 Listen. # Aux #2: #2 Look # I've seen this {D: Maude} Rich you know, she's not well. 434: She ain't? Aux #2: {X} 434: You hear what he said now? Aux #2: Uh-huh. We're going- 434: We're gonna have a calf {X} here on Friday night and we left the meat Aux #2: #1 keep it around {X} # 434: #2 You know what {X} let's go. Well # Interviewer: #1 {X} # Aux #2: #2 If I could have- # Interviewer: #1 Don't do that, woah. # Aux #2: #2 {X} # 434: Well see they gonna have plenty of wood, you tell Honey. Aux: Okay. 434: #1 Ms {D: Dobry} # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: said we could get all the wood we wanted and uh Edgar Lee said he'd take his truck and bring a load. Aux #2: Okay. 434: And Honey'll get a load, David Adam'll- David Jonathan bring a load in the winter and it can stay in the house if its cold. Aux #2: Yeah. 434: We'll build them a fire cuz we gonna sing all night. Aux #2: {NW} 434: #1 Me and mr Barber # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: you know when this roof had a- we had that Aux: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # Aux: #2 {NW} # 434: And mr Sanders said {B} What could we do to get these boys to sing like they sing in the night? I said get 'em drunk like you #1 {NW} # Aux: #2 {NW} # We had a supper for eight {B} he was in 434: #1 That's right! # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: #1 {NW} # Aux: #2 {NW} # Aux #4: #1 Well {D: Ted} keep doing alright now. # Aux: #2 {X} # #1 {X} # 434: #2 Yes man, glad to see y'all! # Aux #2: #1 {X} # Aux #4: #2 Bye. # 434: Any time y'all can come, come on! Aux #2: Okay! Will do! 434: You see it? Brought over and then went back! Interviewer: Yeah. 434: In Shady Grove, y'all stay there? Aux #4: #1 Yeah! # Aux #2: #2 {X} # I'll tell you what. You can leave Shady Grove {X} if you were born and raised here. 434: That's right. Aux: That only child Honey stayed all that long time to- My heart was right. 434: {NW} Aux #2: Person came down one time when I staying down near {X} there in- in California, I said don't come {X} me about it to me, I said if I'd known, I'd die. His old bones born back- 434: {NW} Aux: {X} 434: Y'all have to call this real Shady Grove. {NW} {NS} Now you talking about a girl who used to cook things. Interviewer: {NW} 434: Boy you talking about a good use for {X} that last one went offa this porch. It took three boys to chase her when she was {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {NW} Boy that girl could skip over a floor like a squirrel hopping from one tree to the other. Man she could dip- she could dip under boys' arm and when he lowered them things she was sticking out of his chin somewhere, he had to- {NW} When a boy dance with her he- he rested the next day cuz he had Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # {NW} Interviewer: {NW} 434: They had a fellow playing a piano there. They brought in from {D: Lou Verne} And I'd been playing the piano down there, they- them- their children had piano at they house and they- sometimes me and Bill both would be up there for supper. Eat supper with them childrens. And they daddy and mother. And I played the piano. Preaching it to old campground. Oh they just get a kick out of it And me and bill was leaving here and old- old Honey come up here evening and said {B} I said yeah. Then he walked up there he said hey Big Nigger! I said yeah? You wanna go help me {X} night? I said yeah. Now get ready and come on, there's one down there at my house. I got ready and went on down there and I see'd a nigger walking around in there. Little tall slender fellow with long hands and a- I said right now that nigger can play. And can he sing? Ah he was singing and can't play worth nothing. Interviewer: {NW} 434: And the Reids up and come up there to mr Young's. And that nigger sat down to a piano up there. {NS} Spreads his hands out and brought 'em together. And he sitting there looking at it. {NS} And he'd taken his coat off and laid it in my lap. This girl {D: here} well she was there Paul {B} {X} and his wife was there. Otis had married and him and his wife were there and we had a pretty good little set up in the house there. And this nigger started playing the piano. And he got playing about the lazy bones. Sleeping in the sun old something or other like that. And he could just walk over to the piano, now you talking about a nigger could sweep a piano, he could sweep one. {NW} And he told me he said put my coat under the piano. Well I'd knowed the Shady Grove boy. {X} instead of him getting drunk he's getting too far along on this ice. See these boys beat up this man that night. He says throw my coat under the piano. And I didn't do it. And he'd taken his coat off and {X} under the piano and went under and played up over his head. Interviewer: {NW} 434: And I didn't know I was patting my foot. Everybody was dancing and I had on a pair of old hard heel shoes and when I'd do anything I'd keep that Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # {X} right up under the piano with it. Interviewer: {NW} 434: And they dance, it was cold. And that girl left out here her hair- you couldn't get water out of her head. Now they just- they just like to have a fit there that night. {NW} And I- he- He was- the old step coming around they called him Charleston. And he asked, said miss, will you take the decoration off the piano? She told him yes. She just danced around there and she wouldn't stop dancing. She just danced around, grabbed a vase and a thing that stuff was on on the piano just getted it up and just chunked it over there and just kept dancing. {NS} You and that nigger got on stuck his heels up on top of that piano and put his back on the stool. And he played {D: Old Lundy} Interviewer: {NW} 434: And didn't miss a note. And they throw money up on the piano and that nigger pick up that money off that piano and played right home while he {NW} {NS} Well that just went near that broke me up from the piano, I didn't know nothing about no Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 piano # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # yeah you sit down one. And all this his daddy was in the other room. And all this dancing around {X} and he say his daddy sitting up in the bed, peeping in there. And he's hollering in there get your clothes on dad and come out! I know you can't stand it. Old man yonder put on his pants and come in the room where they was. And this nigger whooping that piano you know and {NS} all of a sudden those boys going around back and start to kicking him {X} he wanted to dance so bad he just got {X} {D: his feet.} {X} just have a fit then he went out. And he looked in there and his mother was sitting up in the bed. He said get up mommy! I know you can't stand, she come in. Interviewer: {NW} 434: And this- this man told him he said wife! It's about eleven or twelve o'clock now, I want you to play a hot one. And he went in there and got equipped and put the piano in his bed he called it. Covered them notes up with a quilt. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 That nigger # played on top of them- that quilt. And when he done that that set the {D: set the flame afire showing up} now having to go to the door and the- we had- had a saying down there in our church and our church members had come along there and they had never heared no piano rattle like that one was doing. And they had called up in {D: your} Otis' yard. And that nigger whooping that piano and all of us went to the door, them niggers had his yard tore up like hogs were hooting out there. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {D: Told} he had that boy's yard tore up # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 They {D: paid} him. # Putting up grass out there in they yard. {NS} {NW} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {X} {NW} Otis say you went out there to one of the pecan trees that they {X} and there where you're standing out there they whip that tree. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # {NW} Otis went there and going around that tree. Swinging that tree, it looked like where you had a horse tied up there. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: {NW} And I know they wasn't through to let that nigger go to a nigger house and play. {NW} And this colored woman had a piano up the road there and them there folks would hear them- the colored peoples heared him play down there they got him a party up there. And when we got up there that night me and Vere went with him there, he stayed at our house {X} but I was living right here and he'd come up here and spend the night and we left went to {X} And there was cars parked from where that house was far- here about yond- yellow that color. That white one with the brick horn on each side of the house. And a nigger bootlegging whiskey in front gate 434: #1 {D: had a gallon too} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: He had a gallon jug standing at the front gate selling whiskey. And she was gonna charge ten cent at the door. But she let the piano player in first. And when he hit them notes, she got thirty cent. {NW} And they'd have pushed that woman back in the water of the house, she got thirty cent and that house was shaking Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # It's a wonder they didn't tear it down. Interviewer: {NW} 434: And I told that nigger that night, I never go nowheres with him to play that {X} Well that nigger fixing to have me trying to go back dancing again. Interviewer: {NW} 434: Now he could play a piano and the- he left here and got in jail. And he sent for all of us to get him out but see he didn't know nothing but play a piano and all of us couldn't keep him here just to play a piano you know and- Interviewer: Yeah. {NS} 434: That's a terrible nigger. Now he could scratch a piano. Interviewer: {NW} 434: I ain't never seen nobody with {X} except put one and then play it. Interviewer: No I ha- I hadn't either I don't think. 434: He covered it up with a quilt and played it. {NS} {B} Interviewer: We're gonna get down the road here. 434: Yeah? Aux: #1 {X} # 434: #2 Well listen. # Aux: Well I don't know, I've met a lot of piano players and {X} Interviewer: That was a good one huh? Aux: {X} 434: You uh- {NS} you know what day you get back out here? Interviewer: Let me see, I'll um- {NS} Gotta get some stuff done, I got to see David. You know I got to go by and see about him. I- he has a truck. I want him to help with the wood. 434: That's- Interviewer: #1 hauling it. # 434: #2 right. # That's right. Well mr Russell's got a truck too and he said he'd lend his truck to bring a load. Interviewer: {NW} Well I have a problem. You see I have a class until four oh clock and it's just forty more minutes 'til dark. 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 When- # when I get out. 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 So uh # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # we gonna have to do something about- {NW} do something about that. I don't know exactly- I get out at one oh clock everything {X} you know? We got to get some wood up for this thing Friday nights you know. 434: Uh-huh. Interviewer: Need a good bit of wood to cook with. Uh-huh. And we gonna have to get some up. Uh-huh. David. You know David {B} David has a truck. And I'll pick a- if I can get him out here, to come out here. I'll have- I'm gonna try and get the thing over and I'll- then I'm gonna come get you and you'll get the food you know. Buy the food? 434: That's right. Interviewer: And we'll come back out here and- and put the things on the windows. But I don't get off for four oh clock. If I get off decent time I come out here and do some work. {NW} Maybe so. 434: {X} your class {D: early enough} twenty-five after four now it's gonna be sundown. Interviewer: Yeah. There's just not enough time after work huh? {D: But see} I'll- 434: Well now this man over there where it's got the power saw, now he can cut wood. {X} Interviewer: I'll be back over uh- I can come back over here tomorrow then. You know about four thirty and do something to the windows. 434: Okay. Interviewer: You know? And start- maybe clean out the wash pot. Uh- 434: Okay. Interviewer: Get something started on that. And uh- The good friend of mine from the University of Georgia over in Athens Georgia, way outside of Atlanta who writes poetry and- and been published by a firm in New York wants to meet you. He's coming here- driving all the way over here Friday to see you. I want- {NW} I told him I wanted you to meet him. He {X} go over there and meet you. 434: #1 Right. # Interviewer: #2 So he's # coming over here Friday, gonna be here for that thing. {D: Gonna} read you some of his poetry and listen to some of your stories. Or listen to some of your stories. 434: Well we are- I hope to be here to meet him. I- I'm always glad to meet peoples this way and I just- this old man here was here this evening he- he married this girl and he used to come when he was courting her. He said he come up there once {X} didn't have chewing gum he said and they chewed raw gum and sweet gum. Interviewer: Yeah. 434: And said he give her {NS} he's in Troy. Now he {D: brought a} just a- a little piece of chewing gum, he had some chewing gum. Says he took it and put it in her mouth. Said she says this sweetest {X} I ever chew. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: Oh- 434: Old Bob had lost his mind sort of {X} Interviewer: The man who was here today? 434: That's right. Interviewer: What's his last name? 434: Bob {B} Interviewer: Oh. He used to sing with you did he? 434: He used to sing Interviewer: #1 What'd you {D: sing then?} # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 When the road is cold- # 434: #2 He'd sing when the # road is cold up yonder. I'll be there. {NS} And I {X} Interviewer: {NS} Did you play the guitar or did you just sing with him? 434: I- I played it on the guitar. And I {NS} in front of {X} {NS} that married this girl's sister, he asked me- they were singing so good we- after we left the guitar went in the house and got the piano. And I- he asked me {B} what could we do to get these folks {D: singing} {X} I said get 'em drunk {X} #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Oh me. # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # {NW} {NW} {B} tell Marvin to come out here. 434: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # by himself be alright you know. 434: That's right. Interviewer: He just wants to talk with you and- 434: Come on! Any time you feel like it. Interviewer: #1 Be # 434: #2 Come on- # Interviewer: alright if I came to see you maybe tomorrow afternoon uh around two oh clock, something like that? 434: Yeah. Interviewer: Good. Good. 434: Well you see I don't go nowhere but right here. Interviewer: Well I'd like to come out here. Talk with you some more. I appreciate- {X} {NS} 434: Okay. Interviewer: Okay. Every- everybody calls you {B}. What's- what's your full name? 434: {B} Interviewer: Is that what your parents named you? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Just named you {B} 434: My parents? Interviewer: Is that the name that they gave you? 434: My daddy was a {B} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And my mother was a {B} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. What's the mailing address out here? 434: {B} Interviewer: Yeah. Okay. You said you were- were born in 434: #1 {D: Born} in # Interviewer: #2 Shady Grove? # 434: Briar Hill. Interviewer: You were born in Briar Hill? 434: That's right. {NS} Interviewer: But have you lived in Shady Grove all your life? 434: Practically all of my life. I've been around in this section around in here. Shady Grove. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: I stayed around in Briar Hill 'til- and the {B} places right around fifteen sixteen years old. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 {D: They} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Then I moved out over here around Shady Grove and I been here ever since. Well we left- I left once and went to New Jersey, stayed about ten years. Interviewer: What were you doing in New Jersey? 434: I had some childrens I raised and me and the wife got- after I got authorized and couldn't get around they had to move to New Jersey. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And they wanted us to come and stay with them so we moved over with them, stayed up there about ten years. Interviewer: Have you done much traveling around the country other than that? 434: {X} Interviewer: Where you been besides New Jersey? 434: Birmingham. Interviewer: So you been to most of the big cities in Alabama? 434: That's the only places I've been {X} and these cities of Birmingham and New Jersey. Interviewer: Uh-huh. How'd you like New Jersey? 434: I- I didn't like it cuz it's cold up there. Interviewer: {NW} 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # I know what you mean I don't like- 434: #1 I didn't like # Interviewer: #2 I don't like cold weather either. # 434: {X} I stayed up there but {NS} my mind was down here. Interviewer: Yeah I know what you mean. 434: See I raised here. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: So the white peoples here would send me money to come home on. They paid my fare. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Well yeah you know and we kept- I kept coming home, I'd come home every summer {NS} and once me and my wife come together and they got at us to move back here. {D: I'm-} A white fellow told me, said General there's a lotta colored peoples have left this country. And can't come back here. And you left and everybody want you back here. Interviewer: That's 434: #1 But- # Interviewer: #2 nice. # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 434: We had lived in this house. And I told 'em I'd move back if I could get old home. This is what they call old home you know. Me and my wife stayed here in this house. And this is where you can {D: get us} Now me and her come on back to Jersey and start packing and then they called us up and said there's a man in the house, didn't have nowhere to go and they hate to throw him out. And he didn't have nowhere to move, I told 'em well let him stay here. I didn't have to move, I wanted to move but I didn't have to leave from where I was you know. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: {X} Said white people up there where {X} got in love with us and she didn't want us to leave and come back. Interviewer: {NW} Oh yeah well 434: #1 So she called # Interviewer: #2 {D: That's a problem.} # 434: up there {D: there and then} asked the man that owned this place could he take care of us. And she said he told her yeah and take care of us too. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {NW} Did you move back into this house right here? 434: We moved back to Briar Hill. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: They couldn't get- there's a boy in this house and they got me a house over there {X} Briar Hill. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And I moved in there I st- I don't think we stayed there a year {D: even} {B} Aux: {X} 434: And they got that fellow outta here and we moved in here and we been here ever Interviewer: #1 You been # 434: #2 since. # Interviewer: here about how long? 434: About eight year if {B} Aux: Uh-huh. {NS} 434: {D: About eight years.} Interviewer: Is the hair- is the house that you were born in still standing? 434: It's gone. Interviewer: #1 It's gone now? # 434: #2 {X} the house # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Where I was born then the peoples bought that place they'd a had a trailer there and they moved the trailer. And I know the spot of ground you know the- Interviewer: #1 {D: Yeah} # 434: #2 {D: about every} # time I go along Interviewer: Yeah. 434: there. At least look out there cuz to say that's where I was born well that's a spot of ground right side the road Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 right. # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # And there was two little old houses, you know they used to build houses, they didn't have but two doors, sometime one door and the windows. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Had wooden windows {X} no glass windows. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: They had these windows with shit that hangs {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: We moved- lived there and moved up in another little old house, I don't know who my daddy was working with. But after that we moved up {X} here with- Interviewer: How long did you stay in that house before you moved? You remember? 434: In the little house where I was born? I don't remember how long we stayed there. Interviewer: Maybe about {NW} more than five years? 434: I don't {X} I stayed there- I didn't stay there five years cuz when I went to staying with the {B} they say I was just round six years old and we had left from down there and {D: looked down} on a doctor's place. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 Called # dr Dennis. And there was lot of white peoples lived up there, {D: farm and old hags} you know. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: On that place {D: that a} little old white fellow. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Some of the Newmans and students {NS} there below Troy. Some of them round there in Troy, below Troy and I got plenty of money {X} Made {X} good money. Got rich! Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 After # they left Briar Hill. And I was telling David {B} another day I- I {X} me and him went over to Briar Hill. And I'm pretty sure my wife have too. The road's just about a mile- little bit than a mile and a quarter {X} And I see they was building some land in cotton Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: from one road to {D: us} Interviewer: {NW} 434: Work a little bit with {D: rich hands} and {D: big} hands {NS} Wasn't a tree on it. No corn {X} anybody farm there they had to plant cotton. plant no corn. All you can have on that place. Cotton pasture and watermelon {X} And the guys have no corn. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And after this watermelon pasture and your cotton you cut it up. Then you'd plant the watermelon in cotton pasture. When he come cross the {X} you just take a {D: nap} {NS} {NS} {D: Cotton.} Interviewer: Briar Hill's about how far away from here? 434: It's about two miles. Between two and three miles. Interviewer: {D: About} 434: Old place. An old {X} Interviewer: Is it older than Shady Grove? 434: Sure it is. I reckon cuz I- the first store I ever see'd in my life was at Briar Hill and they sitting over there now. Interviewer: Things just tend to stick 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 the way they are. # 434: man that owns it lives right in there. Doctor's old house, place where my family worked for when I was a kid. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: You got a house sitting right- the doctor had a office there he was a doctor and he had an office there and a house. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And this white man bought the place and he build him a house there and got that same old store. {NS} Interviewer: About how far are we from Troy? 434: About sixteen miles. Interviewer: What are some of the other communities around here that are close to Shady Grove? 434: Grady. Raymond. You ever been up in there? Interviewer: Not too much. How far away are they? 434: Well Grady's about seven miles from here. Aux: You know Kent's before you get to Grady though. 434: Huh? Aux: Kent's {D: between here and} Grady- 434: Kent yeah, Kent's between here and Grady. Aux: {X} 434: Yeah. Wasn't for the trees and things Aux: #1 {X} # 434: #2 but {D: she can't} # {X} Interviewer: Is that right? There was another place you mentioned yesterday. It was uh- it was uh He- Was it Helicon or something like that? 434: Helicon. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: That's right. Helicon and Lapine. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: That's in 434: #1 Back over in # Aux: #2 Crenshaw County. # 434: in Crenshaw County. Aux: Uh-huh. Helicon and Lapine are Interviewer: #1 both in # 434: #2 That's right. # Interviewer: Crenshaw County? 434: Helicon and Lapine are in Crenshaw. Interviewer: {B} do you mind if I ask you how old you are? 434: Well my next birthday {X} I'll be eighty-eight years old. Interviewer: Eighty-eight? Uh-huh. 434: {X} Interviewer: What's your birthday? Do you know that? 434: June the seventh. Interviewer: June the seventh. Okay. That'd make uh- twelve- about eighteen eighty-eight? Is that about right? 434: I reckon. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: {X} They got a eighteen- eighty-six. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Well that'd make him- if it's eighteen eighty-six that'd make him uh ninety. If it's eighteen eighty-six. Aux: That's {X} Interviewer: Is that right? Aux: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 You might # be older than you think you are 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 General. # 434: Sure that's what I tell 'em, I could be hundred years old. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: {NW} Interviewer: That don't make any difference though, it's just how you feel isn't it? 434: That's right. You see when I was a boy they drive cows to Montgomery, there wasn't no trucks. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Peoples'd buy cows and get a- a bunch of boys- their mothers let the little old boys go with the white folks to carry cows to Montgomery, they'd be gone a week. They'd drive them cows to {X} And they had a pen up there. They'd pen 'em. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And they'd sleep there like 'til night And the morning they'd get up and drive 'em on into Montgomery and some of the cows'd get lost in the swamp just- Interviewer: Is that right? 434: So they'd {X} sell the cows. Interviewer: Hmm. 434: They'd get away from the drove and they couldn't catch 'em and they'd have to leave 'em. See if you keep running one cow you're liable to loose two or three more. Interviewer: That's right. 434: They couldn't lose too much time running one that they'd loose some more. They'd leave. Interviewer: About how long did it take to do that? Get 'em from 434: #1 It'll take a- # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 434: they'd be gone a week. They'd leave Briar Hill and would- be gone a week Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Yeah. Interviewer: Hmm. 434: Come back on the weekend. They'd be two or three days or three four days. And they'd haul cotton to Montgomery with wagons and they'd leave like this morning around midnight. And they'd get back home around Thursday night or Friday night. Carry four bales of cotton on a wagon with mules to Montgomery. {NS} And the roads was bad then, they didn't have no road machines and- oh lord. Roots in the road would- would be axles dragging on the ground. Interviewer: Did you ever go on one of those? 434: What was that? Interviewer: Did you ever go on one of those trips? 434: Never did. Interviewer: #1 Never did? # 434: #2 My {X} # did. I never did. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Trips. {NS} Interviewer: What did- what did you do for a living? 434: What was that? Interviewer: What did you do for a living? 434: Farm. Interviewer: #1 Farm? # 434: #2 Plant # cotton. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Corn. Peas. Potatoes. Peoples had a good garden. Turnips. Didn't have no ice. Only when god sent it in the winter time. Interviewer: Wha- what did you do if you had to- had to keep something uh cool from spoiling? 434: I don't know how. They set it down there by the fireplace. {NS} Interviewer: #1 {D: Now don't kid me like that.} # 434: #2 {NW} # {NW} They boiled peas and greens and eat them. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And crumbled up the bread in that pot {X} and stuff and set it off there by the fireplace and eat it for supper. Interviewer: Huh. 434: And you do that right it'll kill you. Didn't have no ice. Didn't have nothing- nothing cool. There wasn't no fridges then. No ice {X} nothing like that. Folks put the milk in wells to try to cool it. Interviewer: Did they do the same thing with the butter to keep it cool? 434: They didn't put the butter in there cuz {D: it about} used up before {D: it got drinking up the milk!} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Just had to use that butter right away didn't you? 434: You tell 'em. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # They didn't have no butter to be putting up. You see that's what they eat. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Butter, syrup and bread. And taters. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: A lot of peoples didn't have nothing plenty times. You go to people's house, didn't have a thing but taters and butter. And bread. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: That's breakfast, dinner and supper. Interviewer: Well it just wasn't practical 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: They had flour in barrels. And they'd sell you ten or twelve pound flour, whatever you wanted they'd weigh it out. And if you save it you could get a barrel of flour for four dollars but this cheap grain of flour you can get it two dollars. Interviewer: Is that right? Hmm. 434: Bushel of meal wouldn't cost us about thirty cents. Interviewer: {NW} Sure is different now. 434: #1 Oh lord. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: {NW} Get a whole cow or get a cow and calf for six dollars. A mess of beef cause you dead now you don't have enough. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Oh me. 434: {NW} Interviewer: #1 {X} # 434: #2 Well that's # something to think about. And the way things is going now {X} folks didn't have no fridge there {X} they'd- when I knowed ice the people'd get on a train up here in Kent and go to Troy. And get a hundred pound ice and bring it back on the train with 'em. And they'd go in the smokehouse and dig a hole in the smokehouse in the dirt. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And put that ice down in the ground to try to keep it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: They have {D: key} or something for Sunday. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And some of 'em would get sawdust and go in the smokehouse in that hole to try to save the ice. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: An old icebox and freezer there Finally some of 'em got to get in the icebox and put the ice in it. Then you couldn't keep the ice from melting you know. But you keep stuff cool in there. Didn't have no icebox {D: I had one} {X} how in the world the lord let peoples kept stuff. And people {NS} Interviewer: When they talk about the good old days wasn't necessarily all that good back then. 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 Some parts of it. # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Everybody had a milk cow. You hear people {X} you hear people lately and calling that cow call, that cow is what they living off of. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Feed the old cow shucks you know it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Well the big shot white peoples have hogs and they killed hogs for two to three days and have the poor peoples helping them kill hogs and them chitlins. Hog heads and meat {NW} and {D: jowls}, see they didn't even care nothing about the head. Interviewer: Yeah. 434: They'd give that {X} folks'd {X} Interviewer: What- what do you make out of hog head? 434: Souse. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Folks call it now hog head cheese. Interviewer: Is that right? Have you ever heard that called anything else besides souse or hog head cheese? 434: I- all I call it's souse we don't- I don't see none. Now we used could buy it in the store. Interviewer: I- you see it in stores uptown still. 434: {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: But it ain't like our old souse we make you see the folks take the sorry scrap stuff, see they- the thick scrapped beef. And old side belly these old hogs have all these long titties and stuff like that and {NS} and folks'd cook that up now with a hog head and make souse out of it. They make it cheap. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And sell it high. Interviewer: What did y'all put in it? 434: #1 What was that? # Interviewer: #2 {X} # How did y'all make it? 434: See we made it out of the feets and the heads. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Didn't put all that other kind of stuff, we put skins in it to make it- congeal it, make it stick together you put your meat skins in it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And it would stick together. Then we put black pepper and red pepper. And make it up, we didn't have mills to grind it like they do now, they'd make it up and put it in a container and it'd come out in a big block. And you could slice it and and pour vinegar over it or pepper sauce and it's was good now {D: and we'd} impress folks. Interviewer: You eat a lot of that? 434: {NW} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: {NW} 434: Take the hog feets and boil 'em and slice 'em in {X} You ever eat anything like that? Interviewer: I never have. 434: Well older peoples used to do that. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Boil them hog feets and slice it, split 'em right down in half you know. And put 'em in some flour like you do with chicken and fry 'em. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: With black pepper. And man you {D: can do} something good. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 Good. # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Well that's real interesting, I wanna- I wanna talk with you some more later on about that kind of thing. Uh. {B} uh. What church do you go to out here? 434: {X} right down there, this church right down there. Interviewer: What's the name of it? 434: Rock {D: Hill} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Wait what kind of church is that, is it- 434: Bap- Interviewer: Baptist? Uh-huh. Okay. Uh. Let's see, yesterday- did you ever go to school General? Never went to school? Okay. 434: I went a little, I- I- I don't reckon I went to school a year in my life. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: {X} 434: Huh? Aux: {X} 434: Huh? Aux: Now yes. School yeah. 434: I mean I didn't go n- time before I was having to take out- take out. Aux: #1 Well I thought I asked you then # 434: #2 I'd go sometimes three or four days. # Aux: what you mean. Interviewer: {NW} 434: {D: My neighbor}- two weeks and I'd have to get out, cut corn stock, cut ditch banks and rake out ditches. You see we used to have these old hillsides ditches, they didn't have terraces like they got now. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: They had ditches that drained the water out. Sometimes me and my brother rake out a ditch and {X} {D: big building} {X} Interviewer: Did you ever get a chance to learn how to read or write? Never did? 434: {D: I never did.} Interviewer: Okay. Alright. Uh. Do you remember- was your mother born around here? 434: She was born over in- I reckon she must've been born in Montgomery County back over there on two thirty-one. That's Montgomery County, ain't it? What county is that Interviewer: #1 Yeah # 434: #2 {D: back there?} # Interviewer: right. Two-thirty-one 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 goes through # Montgomery. 434: Well she born {D: back in there}. Interviewer: How about your father, was he born- 434: I think he was born in Pike. Interviewer: Pike County? You don't know exactly where? 434: No I sure Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 don't. # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: Did uh- uh did your mother ever go to school? That you know of? 434: Never {D: then} my father neither. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Did either one of them ever learn how to read or write? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What did uh- was your- was your mother a housewife or did she do any other kind of work? 434: She farmed, she kept the house for her children and waited on white people. {NS} Washed and scrubbed floors. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Swept yards, got the brass broom {D: wrong straw}. See she had a bunch of {D: childrens} {X} She would have {D: skull} around, she'd come home {X} come home several times when she be out washing. And her apron would be stiff in front where she washed and freezed to where it would freeze and then her- Interviewer: {NW} 434: her apron would be stiff {NS} Interviewer: Was your father a farmer too? 434: He was a farmer. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Do you- do you know anything about your- your grandparents? 434: I seen my grandpa several times. Interviewer: Was this the one- 434: I never did see my grandma. Interviewer: Was it- these are the ones on your mother's side or your father's side? 434: My father's si- I see'd my mother's- the first dead man I ever see's was my mother's father. Interviewer: Is that right? Do you know anything about where your- your father's folks were born? 434: #1 Sure don't. # Interviewer: #2 Never heard- # Uh-huh. What about- you don't know anything about their education- 434: That's right. Interviewer: Do you know what they did for a living, where they farmers too? 434: That's right. All I know is they was farmers. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Same thing for your mother's folks? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. 434: See my mother's father made bricks he had an old {D: kiln} Didn't have no education {X} but very little he might have a little education, he wa- he was- went for a preacher back there, a hardshell preacher he called it. Interviewer: {NW} 434: You ever did talk with old {X} preacher? Interviewer: Does that- does that mean uh fundamental? Where they base it- 434: You see they {X} they just believe in what's to be done and done. They don't believe Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: like {D: that} Christ would have 'em, they just believe whatever's {D: it's} gonna happen to you, it's gonna happen anyhow regardless. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Well you see Christ made the different. When Christ come the way was made for me and you to go to heaven. And before he come there wasn't no way for us to get there. And after he was born he told the world I am the way. And his name was truth. Only man you'd read of finished his work. When he was hanging on the cross when he asked for food they give him gold and he asked for water they anointed his lip with vinegar and he dropped his head and he lock his shoulders says it's finished. Now his work is finished. And mine and your work ain't finished yet. {NS} Well when he finished it there ain't a thing me and you can do but accept his way and come home or reject it and go to hell, that's the only that's how it really is. I don't have no way to save you, you don't have no way to save me. The preacher ain't got no way to save you, the preacher ain't got no heaven. The preacher ain't got no hell. You ain't got no heaven. And you ain't got no hell. Christ told you he was the way. The truth. And the light. No man comest to the father except he come by me. He didn't say come by the preacher. He didn't say come by the church {X} he said come by him. And the church he spoke of he said upon this rock I build my church, the gates of hell shall not avail against it. {D: Well hell then I'll-} {NS} {NW} Interviewer: #1 It's then by the choice isn't it? # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {D: You can tell 'em} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Your choice better be Christ. Interviewer: That's right. 434: Ain't it? That's the only hope now. The man can't save you. The man don't have nothing to save you with. The preacher's a preacher for the money. Christ was here thirty-three year for paying a way for you and me to come home. And he preached three year. Now if you read in that book the Bible. Sunday school book. Newspaper. Almanac. The funny paper. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Magazines. Before you've taken up a nickel I swear {X} you gotta- {NS} Alright now if you stopped the money the church doors is closed. The man say he can't preach without the money. Well here's your savior. Christ. He preach without the money. He teach the way for you to come home without {D: even a} dime. He scooped out the hills in battles. He blowed out the creeks and great lakes without the bulldozer. {X} Decorated with all kind of trees and grass without my and your help. Throwed up these big Rocky Mountains all in the north. Got a steam shelf {X} Didn't need our help. Interviewer: Sounds like these preachers got mixed up somewhere along the line, doesn't it? 434: Sure he- the preacher's preaching for what he want now listen what he told the preacher. {NS} {D: Go in all the world} preach the gospel, {X} preacher. Go without money, go without prize, don't carry no script with you. Don't have no purse. Preacher got the rest {D: billfold} leaving the church. Interviewer: {NW} 434: Pocket full of gold-tipped pencils {NW} sticking in his bosom. Three-thousand- five- or six thousand dollar automobile right here House to live in free. Feeding. Closing and he'll take you out where you from Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Speaking about your wife {B} you mind if I ask you how old you are? Aux: I was born in Eighteen ninety two. Interviewer: Eighteen ninety-two, that'd make you about eighty-four? Aux: Right. Interviewer: Okay. You go to the same church {B} You Baptist too? Aux: Yeah- Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh did you ever g- uh go to school? {B} Aux: Yes sir. Interviewer: How many years did you go? Aux: I got to the {X} I'm in twelfth grade. Interviewer: Twelfth grade? Aux: And I married {D: him} Interviewer: Did you finish high school then? Aux: {X} {X} Interviewer: But you got to the twelfth grade? Aux: Right. Daddy had all of my books. {NS} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: {X} Interviewer: Are your uh- were your mother and father from this area too? Aux: Now I don't know where they from. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. {NS} So you've uh- you said you were in this house- you've been in this house for about eight years then 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 is that right? # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # Aux: {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. {NS} Just uh talking about houses in general uh what do you call- what do you call the- the name of the room that uh- that most people would consider to be the best room in the house? The- the- the place in the house that they'd entertain guests. What would you call something like that? 434: They call that the living room didn't they {B} The parlor? Interviewer: Yeah have you ever heard it c- ever ca- ever called anything else other than living room? You mentioned parlor. 434: That's right. Never have. Interviewer: Never have heard it called anything else? 434: I never have. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: You see I don't know what it will be called before the end cuz the folks {X} Interviewer: {NW} 434: They done left the plans of righteousness. Mens has taken it in hand There's one s- one thing that obey god. And that's animal. He told animal eat grass drink water and die. Didn't have no soul to save. Well he ain't. {NS} You never see a cow at the courthouse {D: hunting a license} do you? Ain't never seen the bull hog down there trying to get at the boss {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 Oh me. # 434: #2 {NW} # Well we do's that. You ain't never seen a- a male hog somewhere where the sow drag a man coat to make him feed the pigs. The sow run from her pigs just quick as she run from another hog. A sow can have twenty or thirty pigs {X} in the pen where they is, now she'd run, she'd grab it up and run. Run away while the pigs eat it up. Well everything else right there bring food to the young ones. {NS} Birds that don't feed 'til they have birds. Fox that carries stuff to his young ones. Bears and lions theirself, drag things to they {NS} ground where they young ones is. Feed 'em. Well the hog will run {X} Interviewer: {NW} 434: That's something to think about ain't it? Interviewer: It sure is. 434: Both when me and you was born our mothers run with their breasts. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {D: With supper} wouldn't it? Interviewer: {NW} 434: #1 You know they used to # Interviewer: #2 That's right. # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 434: nurse peoples from they breast. Aux: {X} 434: You didn't see no bottles and baby food and all that kind of stuff. Now when the baby get six years old he done cost his mother and daddy two thousand Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 dollars # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: There's a lot of things different {D: huh?} You know most- 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 most- # the rooms in most new houses aren't- aren't this tall. How high you reckon this room is {B} 434: About twelve feet. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: You know rich peoples used to build houses, rooms with huge {X} there's a few old houses with twelve feet walls. {NS} If you make the houses they cut 'em down to eight- some ten feet walls. Now you take this house and build another one. Enough plumb in this house now to build two. Interviewer: That's right. Sure is. In- in the house that you grew up in {B} did y'all have a fireplace? 434: Where? In Jersey? Interviewer: Uh #1 well the one out # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: in Briar Hill where #1 you grew up. # 434: #2 Oh that's # that's all they had, fireplace. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Some of 'em had stick and dirt chimneys. You didn't have bricks, you ain't never see {X} Interviewer: What's that? 434: A chimney made out of dirt and sticks. Interviewer: I just seen those made out of brick. 434: {D: Well} Interviewer: #1 {D: That's the old kind} # 434: #2 they had # dirt. Stick and dirt chimneys and rocks, some of them built with dirt. Interviewer: Is that right? 434: And the rains'd beat and wash. Sometimes you could sit the fireplace and look out through the chimney out in the yard. Interviewer: #1 Is that right? # 434: #2 {D: Where there's} dirt # and the people'd keep daubing dirt over them holes. They'd make up mud and garbage and heaps of time them sticks would catch a fire in that chimney and they'd had have to go up on the house and pour water down the chimney to put out them sticks. Interviewer: What do you call that place in front of the fireplace that sticks out into the room? Aux: {X} 434: What? Aux: {X} Interviewer: You know that place right in front of the fireplace that kinda sticks out in the room or it- uh it might be you know the front of an old-fashioned stove or something like that. 434: Well all I know they call it a hash. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: What you rake the fire out of. Interviewer: Right. 434: Then you take the ashes up out of the fireplace and that's the hash out there where you {NS} just space in the floor there where you set up {X} out there. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call those- what do you call those things inside the fireplace that you- that you laid the- 434: Fire dogs. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever- ever heard those called anything else? 434: I got two in there now. Interviewer: Is that 434: #1 You # Interviewer: #2 right? # 434: oughta look at 'em. Interviewer: He's 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Aux: called anything else General. 434: They didn't have nothing else but rocks. Interviewer: Is that right? Aux: Sometimes they leave rocks {X} 434: #1 Yeah they had rocks. # Aux: #2 {X} # Oh we have {X} 434: They lay wood on. Interviewer: What do you call that thing right up there over the fireplace where that box of matches is? 434: That- they call that a mantel. Now that was bought made. Interviewer: Is that right? 434: Yeah. Interviewer: Have you ever heard uh- have you ever called mantel called anything else? Never have. {NW} What about- what did you burn in the fireplace? 434: Wood. Interviewer: Uh-huh. But big old uh {NS} Aux: Logs. Interviewer: Yeah what would you- you'd call those big old round sec- #1 tions {D: a word}- # 434: #2 That's right. # Big logs they call it, they call it- now they call it logs. A lot of peoples have logs in their house now and don't never stick fire to 'em. Interviewer: {NW} {D: Y'all didn't} you mean just the kind that don't burn at all? 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 434: You seen that ain't you? Interviewer: Uh-huh sure have. What kind of wood do you call it that you use to get the fire started? 434: Lighter. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. 434: Pine. They call it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard that called anything else besides lighter? 434: That's all. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about uh- you know when you- when you burn it for a long time the inside will get all black and you have to clean that stuff out every now and then what do you call that black stuff? 434: That's smoke where it's smoked Aux: #1 Soot. # 434: #2 up. # Aux: #1 Soot. # 434: #2 Soot # got {D: all} Interviewer: Soot. 434: See the- that- that lighter {D: will} blow out in the house and it's- the smoke'll settle on the walls. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And peoples have taken- use to take mops. {NS} See the white fellow lived in this house dipped snuff. And the man that owned the house {NW} they moved to Shady Grove when {B} moved here. And we have come up here behind that white man before he dipped snuff and chews tobacco and spit up against the wall the wall was green. Be two to three days before you could move in here. {NW} Interviewer: #1 {D: Alright then} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 Oh me. # 434: #2 {NW} # It had to come in, build fires. Interviewer: {NW} 434: And put s- {X} and stuff in the fireplace and burn it to get the scent out of the house. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: {X} Interviewer: We were talking about- you know we were talking about living room a minute ago. What sort of things would you have in a living room? 434: Some folks didn't have nothing but a chair. {NW} Interviewer: Just one of these things right here? 434: {NW} Aux: {X} 434: They didn't have these living room chairs like we got. {X} they just had some chairs sitting in there. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 Straight # chairs. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Are there any other- any other different types of chairs other than straight chairs? 434: {NS} If you- peoples had rocking chairs. Just a few. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And a lot of people didn't have nothing but one or two chairs and boxes Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: to sit on. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What would you call that long piece of furniture that some people have in their living room? That several people could sit on at the same time? You know what I'm talking about? 434: I reckon Aux: #1 {X} # 434: #2 that's a- # Aux: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: Just big- 434: they call it a living room {D: soup} they call it- now what they call that long chair? Interviewer: Call it a long chair? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Have you ever heard that called anything else? 434: #1 Never have. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # A sofa or something like that? 434: Now a sofa they had- used to have a sofa they could pull out and sleep on it and fold it back up. You seen them ain't you? Interviewer: Oh yeah I've- Aux: Same thing. 434: #1 Well you can't # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: pull your's out. Aux: It's the same thing we had w- one that pulled out. It's the same name you know. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: But you can make a ha- you can buy 'em in a bed. You know. You use for the bed. Two can sleep on it. You pull it out and {X} 434: Well it's got a different name Aux: {X} 434: than your chair in there. That's called- it'd be a sofa chair. You Aux: #1 Yes! {X} # 434: #2 sleep on it and sit on it. # Aux: {D: yes.} {X} 434: Pull it out and make a bed out it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And then fold it back up and sit on it. #1 Well you # Interviewer: #2 Have you ever- # 434: see you can sleep on this one but you can't pull it out and put a mattress on it. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # Aux: #2 Right. # Interviewer: #1 # Aux: #2 # Interviewer: Have you ever heard that called a- a davenport? Aux: {NW} Interviewer: Or something like that? Aux: {X} 434: I- some folks call it- I reckon they call it that, they got different #1 names. # Aux: #2 I # have. I don't know about him. Interviewer: What uh- what do you call the room in the house that you sleep in? 434: Bedroom. Interviewer: Uh-huh what sort of things would you have in there? 434: Just beds and chairs. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about the place where uh a thing that might have a- a lot of drawers in it where you keep uh 434: #1 clothes? # Interviewer: #2 Dresser? # Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Dresser would be in there too? 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 Have you # ever- have you ever heard uh a dresser called anything else? 434: never have. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about- what- what's the- what- what would you say what the general term would be for you know just chairs and sofas and beds and all that stuff, you say you have a lotta what in your house? All the- all the- all of this in here is all what? 434: I don't know what {X} Aux: Furniture. 434: What? Aux: Furniture General. 434: Furniture? Interviewer: You just call all that 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 stuff furniture? # Just all 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Uh-huh. What about uh- what do you call the things that are uh might be on rollers that you could pull down to keep the sun 434: #1 Papers. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 434: Window papers. Interviewer: {D: windows} 434: Shades or something. Interviewer: Yeah. {NS} This- this right here would be a- 434: That's right. Interviewer: #1 {X} # 434: #2 {D: That's} # what you pull down and it'll go up. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: #1 That's- # Interviewer: #2 You- # you would call that a what? 434: A shade. Interviewer: Uh-huh. {NS} Okay. {NS} Well let's see. What do you- what's the- a little room that you might have in a bedroom to put your clothes in? What do you call that? 434: Closet? Interviewer: Uh-huh. What if you- what if you didn't have one built in or it might just be a piece of furniture that could move around? What do you call those things? 434: What you hang your clothes in? I reckon I seen 'em. {NS} They call 'em I reckon clothes hangers I reckon. Aux: {X} Chifforobe or- 434: They roll it around in the house Aux: #1 {X} # 434: #2 in different # places. Interviewer: Uh-huh it's a- 434: That's right. Interviewer: #1 {X} # 434: #2 Set it # anywhere they want it. Interviewer: #1 Just a- # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: just a piece of 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 furniture that can # put your clothes in. 434: That's right. Well now we got a- Aux: {X} 434: Huh? Aux: We have a chifforobe {X} a chifforobe up there? 434: Yeah I remember we had a chifforobe but I think he's talking about a- these things what you hang your clothes racks on and move it about in the house. Interviewer: Well this would- what I'm talking about i- it's just kind of a a piece of furniture, it- it doesn't have any drawers in it, you just open it up you know and hang your clothes in- in that thing. 434: Well now there's one in the room made to the house like that now where you open the doors. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And you can put your clothes in. Interviewer: Uh-huh you would call that a what? 434: Wardrobe I reckon. Interviewer: Wardrobe? Okay. What do you call the- the place that- the top of the house that's just under- beneath the roof? What do you call that area right there? 434: Porch? Interviewer: #1 Uh # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: no not the place out front. That would be the porch 434: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 but the- # right underneath the roof, you'd call that the what? You might use it for storing things or something like that. Aux: Attic. Attic {B} 434: I don't und- know what you's talking about. Interviewer: It's- it's right underneath the roof of the house. You might have a ladder that goes into it. 434: Go up in the ceiling. Interviewer: Yeah above the- above the- 434: That's right. Well there's a place- I don't know what they call that- the attic. Interviewer: Yeah that's right. 434: Well they got a place right there they can go up in there and come all across in here up in there. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. What uh- what do you call the room in the house that you use to cook in? 434: Kitchen. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever seen a- a kitchen that was not inside the house but was built onto the house? 434: That's right, I've seen that. Interviewer: Do you know- was there any special name for that? 434: I don't know, there's no special name here, it's just build off from the house. Interviewer: Right. 434: And there's a walkway from the main house over to the kitchen. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. 434: I don't know what they call it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call the- a little room that might be just off the kitchen where you keep all your canned goods and extra dishes and all that? 434: I reckon they'd call that a storage place where you {B} Where you store your things away Interviewer: #1 Just a- # 434: #2 {D: Tuck 'em} # away. Interviewer: Uh things that you would use in the kitchen. 434: That's right. Pans and pots and things. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard it called a pantry? Aux: {D: Right} 434: I've heard that, a pantry. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Put your things in. Interviewer: Have you ever heard any other word for 434: #1 Never have. # Interviewer: #2 it other than pantry? # Never heard it called a- Aux: Cabinet. Interviewer: a kitchen closet or something like that? Uh-huh. Aux: {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. {NW} What about- well you know we were talking about the attic a minute ago. What- what sort of things might you- might you keep in the attic? You know wha- what would you call just old worthless things that really not any good anymore but you just can't bare to throw away? What would you call stuff like that? 434: I'd- they'd call it rags I Interviewer: #1 Just rags? # 434: #2 reckon. # Rags they call it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Throw away, well you see the- the people- it's dangerous to throw that in the attic {D: it's now} they don't put it up there now, they used didn't have nowhere else to put stuff but they say they'd clam up and throw it back there. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: If they needed something they'd go up there and get it and throw it down. Interviewer: It might- it might not- not always be just a rag or a piece of cloth it might you know a- a broken down chair or 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 something like that. # What would you call a- you'd say that's just a piece of what? That's no 434: #1 I just call it # Interviewer: #2 good that's # 434: old piece of chair throwed up there, it's no good. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What would you call a- what would you- Do you have a- a room in the house that you put stuff like that in? What- what- if you had on what would you call it? I'm just gonna put this in the what? You'd say I- I'll put this in the Aux: Storage room. Interviewer: Just call it a storage room? Aux: Uh-huh. Interviewer: Would you ever call it a junk room or something like that? Aux: #1 {X} # 434: #2 That's right. # Interviewer: Just a junk room? Uh-huh. What about uh when uh- when {B} gets up every morning and she goes about straightening things out and everything you'd say that she's doing what? She's just- 434: Cleaning up. Interviewer: Yeah. You do a lot of that {B}? Aux: {NW} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 Used to. # Interviewer: {NW} Aux: Used to do that {D: can't do it like I want any good cuz the house into it.} Interviewer: Uh. Well it's- it's real neat and nice in here {B} What uh- what do you call that thing that you use to sweep with General? 434: Broom. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Just say for example if- if the broom was uh uh in the corner there and you couldn't see the broom because the door was open you'd say that the broom is- 434: Behind the door. Interviewer: Yeah. You ever lost a broom that way? 434: Sure. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: It's easy to lose things isn't it? 434: That's right. Interviewer: You know sometimes I forget where I parked my car. I have to just walk up and down 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # That ever happen to you? 434: {NW} Never have. {NW} {D: Man} I forget things I- heap of times I'm in the kitchen Interviewer: Yeah. 434: I go to the refrigerator get something out of the {D: cupboard} now open the door and have to stand there then to think what did I come here for? Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 Oh that's right. # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: You know a long time ago well women used uh Mondays to do certain things. You know what- what did they do on Mondays usually? 434: Well a lotta- lotta peoples washes on a Monday. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And after- after they wash them in order to get the wrinkles out they had to do what? 434: Iron. Interviewer: That's right. 434: That's right. Interviewer: Was there anything that uh- that you did on specific days like Monday you do the washing and ironing, maybe Tuesday you do something else? Or 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 {D: then you wipe it} # or do something else 434: #1 That's it. # Interviewer: #2 what would you do? # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 434: When you're farming that way the- the man- he goes plowing Monday morning and he plow 'til Saturday twelve oh clock or 'til Friday night. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Well the woman washes. And she irons. And she clean the house. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And she sweep the yards. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And then some of 'em work. Chop cotton. Pick cotton. Interviewer: Well when she's- when she's doing that- that washing then- the stuff with the clothes you know, you say well she's just doing her what? What do you call that? 434: I'd don't know what you'd call that. Interviewer: Have you ever called- 434: Housework I reckon. Then #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Or you know just with- # just with the clothes. 434: That's right. Interviewer: And the washing. 434: That's right, washing the clothes. And uh ironing, I reckon you might call that housework. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would you ever say just doing the laundry? 434: #1 That's right. # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: Doing the laundry? Uh-huh. {NW} What do you uh- if you had to- if you had a house with more than one floor what would you say you had to go up to get to the second floor from the first floor? What are those things that you walk up? 434: Stairs. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Would you uh- would you call 'em anything else if they were outside instead of inside? 434: They'd be stair steps if you went up side that wall anyway, inside or outside. Interviewer: Just stair steps 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 anywhere? # 434: {X} {NW} See you have to go up to go in the house from {X} outside sometime. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: And you go up stairs too. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You said that this front part of the house right here was the porch. 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 Have you ever # heard porch called anything else? 434: Never have. Interviewer: Never have. You ever heard it called a- a gallery maybe? 434: I've heard peoples call that {D: to} some homes but- Interviewer: Is that right? 434: Different homes out where these big rich people out here them call it gallery but out here in the country the folk call 'em Interviewer: #1 That's right. # 434: #2 {D: porches} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: What would you call it if it was a big one with columns on it? Would you call it- uh you ever heard that called anything special? Never have heard that called- What about if uh- if you had a big one that ran around both sides of the house, you ever seen that? Never seen that? Uh-huh. Could uh- would it be possible to have a- if you were in a big house could you have a porch on more than one floor? Like you might- Interviewer: Would you call a child who was- who was born to uh some parents and the mother might be black and the father might be white? Is there any s- s- special word you'd use to 434: #1 There ain't a thing he # Interviewer: #2 describe that fellow? # 434: could be but a nigger. Interviewer: Is that right? Okay. Is there any special word that you use to describe a- a- a black person or a colored person who has real light colored skin? 434: Well if he got real light colored skin he's- he's mixed with white. Interviewer: Uh-huh. But there's no special word that 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 you'd use? # 434: No special word that we'd use. Now I want to show you what the Bible say about that, now when a child is called out like that {NS} it's like his- this- this yellow person. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: His mother was a black woman. And this white man got a child by this black woman. The Bible say that child's hand is against every man. And the ma- every man's hand is against him. Now that child's in bad shape. But he- he couldn't help it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: He couldn't help by how he come in. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: He didn't have nothing to do with it. Interviewer: That's true. 434: That's reading what the Bible say of a nation to its own kind. The Bible ain't told niggers and white folks to mix. Interviewer: Uh-huh. The Bible say every nation to its own kind. And he meant it. And if you find anyone in the Bible {X} change that then I swallow that shirt you got on. I know what you mean. Okay. {B} uh what would a white man call another white man if the one he was talking about was just kind of sorry and good for nothing and uh you know something like that? 434: #1 Well- well # Interviewer: #2 What would a white # 434: you take a- a lotta white peoples would call him a bad name. {NW} Like this- this little old William {B} heard his grandpa call a man a bad name. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And he's a little old boy and when he see'd the man he told him what his grandfather said. {NW} {NS} Interviewer: Well would it- would it be any kind of special word that would spit that situation, just a sorry white man? 434: That's a sorry white man. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Well that's a sorry white man and a {D: loaf over the country} like a beast. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would a- would a colored man call the sorry white man anything different? 434: {X} cuz he's sorry hisself. He could- Interviewer: {NW} 434: Well him and the white man done the same thing, it was no use- Interviewer: Well if- if- if you were gonna refer to a- a sorry white- 434: Well I'd call him a sorry man, now I'd call Interviewer: #1 Sorry man? # 434: #2 any man a # sorry man that'd live like an animal. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Did you- did you use the word cracker a minute ago? 434: That's right. Interviewer: You would- would- would a cracker be a sorry white man? 434: Sure he is. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. What would you {B}- what would you say uh- what would you call somebody who- who lives out in the country and and doesn't know anything about city ways and when he goes into a city its obvious that he looks real uncomfortable. Somebody might say, look at him, he's just a- 434: Country man. Interviewer: Just a country man? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: See they'd know it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Just like the people leave from here and go north everybody know you come from down here. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Everyone of the northern peoples know it, these southern peoples from down in here. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is there any particular word you'd use to describe a man who might live out in a swamp somewhere? If he came into town you'd say he's a- 434: Well he'd be an old bachelor. Interviewer: #1 Just an old bachelor? # 434: #2 Stay out in the # swamp. Interviewer: Or maybe if he lived out the pine-y woods #1 somewhere? # 434: #2 That's right. # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: You'd call him the same thing? 434: Same thing. Aux: {D: You'd call him-} 434: I see the- Aux: {X} {D: firewood something} 434: I seen a white man come through the store at Briar Hill with a nigger woman. Aux: Uh-huh. 434: And to say he was staying with her. Well that a sorry white man, that a sorry nigger woman. That- that woman had a been in my family I'd {X} her back there that evening. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And I'd a took me a stick and I'd a beat her 'til she got away from that place. Interviewer: {NW} 434: Let that man go on and say that man got childrens too! Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Grown children. Interviewer: Is that right? 434: Now that's a sorry white man, that's a {D: pig} Interviewer: Have you ever heard the word hoosier before? You ever heard anybody 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 say just an old hoosier? # 434: Lotta folks call them- adverse peoples hoosiers. Interviewer: #1 Is that right? # 434: #2 Crackers. # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: What is a hoosier mean? 434: That's just a sorry white. Interviewer: #1 Just a sorry man? # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 There are a lotta words for sorry white # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {D: men} # 434: #2 That's right. # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 Oh me. # 434: #2 {X} # Hoosiers and Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 crackers. # Pigs Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Just take your pick huh? 434: {NW} That's right. {C: laughter} Interviewer: {NW} {B} if you were at a party you might look at your watch and you see it's uh almost eleven thirty at night and you say we'd better get going home it's- 434: Eleven o'clock. Interviewer: Alright or it's- in relationship to midnight you might say it's- Aux: Twelve o'clock. Interviewer: If it's eleven thirty it's- 434: It's soon twelve oh clock. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Better get going away from here. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Or it's- it's almost midnight 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 Something like that. # Right. 434: Well now they- peoples stay out later than that. {NS} Interviewer: If- if you- if it got real cold General and there was a lot of ice on the ground you'd say well I went out there to try to walk around and I managed to sl- to keep my balance but I- 434: Slipped down. Interviewer: Alright. Or if you just about did you- you'd say you did what? 434: Fall. Fell. Fall. Fell down. Interviewer: Okay. 434: That's right. Interviewer: If uh- if somebody's uh waiting on you to go somewhere General and uh he calls out to you say hey! You gonna be ready soon? You might say to him I'll be with you in- 434: A minute. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Yeah. If uh if you're going somewhere General and you know you're on the right road but you're not sure of how far away it is you might ask somebody well how 434: Far it is. To such and such a place. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. If uh- if you were- if you were trying to point out something to somebody and what you were trying to point out was- was nearby you'd- you'd say to him well just 434: Right out there. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Or- or just- just look here 434: #1 That's # Interviewer: #2 That is # 434: right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. If uh- if you were- if you were trying to uh straighten somebody out, somebody was confused about something or you were trying to set 'em straight would you ever say well now look here and then tell 'em something? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Have you ever said that #1 before? # 434: #2 Sure. # That's right. You go to such and such a place and do such and such a thing. {NS} Interviewer: Okay. {NS} Well General if- if you wanna know uh about how many times I go to town what would you ask me? You'd ask me how- 434: How often do you go to town? Interviewer: Right. Right. If uh if you agree with a friend of your's when he says to you I'm not gonna do that or I'm not going to vote for that man you'd say- 434: Why? Interviewer: Or- okay. Or if- if you're gonna do the same thing if he says I'm not gonna vote for him- 434: {X} I'd say I ain't either. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. What do you call- what do you call this part of your body right here {B} You might say- 434: {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. What about uh- we were talking about this yesterday when I was talking about your friend who's a barber. You said uh he cut your what? 434: Hair. Interviewer: If you got any. 434: That's Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 434: #2 right. # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 That's right. # Interviewer: What if you let your hair right here grow? You might get a what? 434: Shave. Interviewer: Alright if you let it grow long you'd say you have a- 434: Beard. Interviewer: Right. What uh- what's this right here {B} 434: Ear. Interviewer: Yeah. Which one is it? 434: That- that's the left ear. Interviewer: And that's the- 434: That's your right ear. Interviewer: Alright. What do you call this thing right here that you put food in? 434: Mouth. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about this right here? 434: Throat. Interviewer: Okay. What about this right here? 434: Swallow. Interviewer: Or is there any- 434: Neck. Interviewer: Would that thing- 434: That's your goozle. Interviewer: Yeah, the little thing that sticks out? 434: That's right. Interviewer: That's right. Have you ever heard that called anything else? 434: Never have. Interviewer: Okay. 434: Some folks say it's your swallow. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: You ever heard it called an Adam's Apple? 434: I've heard that. Interviewer: Adam's Apple? Yeah. What about uh- what do you call this right here? 434: Your teeth. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You call one of them what? 434: Bottom and top. Interviewer: Or just one of 'em. One Aux: Tooth Interviewer: #1 You got a lotta # Aux: #2 General. # Interviewer: teeth but you got one- Aux: One tooth. 434: Snaggle. One out? Aux: Tooth! Interviewer: #1 If- if- # Aux: #2 One # tooth! Interviewer: If you knock one out you- you knocked out a what? 434: Your snaggle. Aux: A tooth {B} You knocked out a tooth. 434: Knocked out a tooth. Interviewer: Yeah that's right. What do you call uh this part up here? This fleshy part? 434: Gums. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. What about- what do you call this part of your hand right here General? 434: Palm of your hand. Interviewer: The what? 434: The {D: pana} Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 of your # hand. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What if- what if I do my fist like that? I mean {NW} what if I do my hand like that, what have I got? 434: Your fist {X} Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 You got # fist. Interviewer: Alright. Right. That's uh- that usually means trouble 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 with somebody # doesn't it? 434: #1 That means something. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # Okay. You know some- some people when they get old they say they get stiff in their what? 434: Arms. Interviewer: Or they get stiff- it might be here, it might be 434: #1 That's # Interviewer: #2 here- # 434: right. Interviewer: You just get stiff in your what? 434: In my limbs. Aux: #1 {X} # 434: #2 They're stiff. # Aux: #1 {X} # 434: #2 See my fingers getting to where I can't shut 'em # up like {D: I used to} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: {X} Aux: Don't you- ain't you stiff in your {X} Yes. {X} Interviewer: Would you ever say you're just stiff in your joints? 434: That's right. And I would say stiff all over. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is that arthritis? 434: That's #1 right. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Uh-huh. 434: See you can't stoop Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: like you should. Interviewer: Uh-h- 434: Can't walk. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about uh- what would you call the upper part of a man's body? You say he has 434: #1 Chest. # Interviewer: #2 a big- # Yeah. And what about these 434: #1 shoulders. # Interviewer: #2 right- # Right. What about uh this right here, that's my- I might raise my- 434: Arm. Interviewer: Or this part right here. That's my- Aux: Hand. 434: Hand. Interviewer: Yeah you'd say I have two- 434: Two hands. Interviewer: Yeah. Okay. What about this right here, that's my left- 434: That's your left foot. Interviewer: Okay and this whole thing's my left- 434: That's right. Interviewer: My left what? 434: Leg. Interviewer: Okay. Okay and I have two- 434: That's right. Interviewer: Two what? 434: Two feets. Interviewer: Alright. Okay. Alright you might say that uh you had to get up at night General and you stumbling around in the dark and you- you say- you might run into something right here and you bruised your what? 434: Leg. Interviewer: Bruised your leg or- is there anything you call this specific part of your leg? If you run into it, hit it right there? 434: Chi- shin part of your leg. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: Shin. Interviewer: What about {B} what do you call if you were squatting down this uh back part of your thigh here, you'd say you're squatting down on your what? 434: That's your muscles or your- legs isn't it? Interviewer: Okay, would- would you just say that if I'm squatting like this I'm kinda squatting on my what? Anything you'd call that? Aux: Your heels. 434: {X} Interviewer: Have you ever heard that called haunches? Aux: Uh-huh. Interviewer: He's squatting down on his haunches? Aux: Uh-huh. {X} Interviewer: Would you ever say that? 434: That's right I reckon that's what it is {D: I don't-} Interviewer: Okay. What about uh if- if you know somebody and he's been sick for a while but now he's up and about but he still looks a little bit what? 434: Puny. Interviewer: Looks a little bit puny. Okay. Was there anything- would you say anything else other than puny? He might look a little bit 434: #1 Sick. # Interviewer: #2 {D: just} # 434: Sick. Interviewer: A little sick? Okay. Maybe looks a little scrawny or 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 something like that? # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # Okay. {NW} What would you- what would you call a person who can lift real heavy weights. You'd say he's big and 434: He's a man. Interviewer: Or he's 434: #1 He's # Interviewer: #2 if he's- # 434: strong! Interviewer: Yeah. Big and strong. {NS} Yeah. If uh- if a person you know always goes around smiling and- and he never loses his temper you'd say well he's mighty 434: He's a mighty good fellow. Interviewer: #1 Mighty good fellow? # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 # Aux: #2 # Interviewer: Would you ever say he's mighty good natured? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. If uh- if you know- you know a- a boy when he's growing up he seems to go through a- through a very uh- kind of a a period where he's always just stumbling all over his own feet. You'd say well he's mighty- mighty what? 434: Careless. Interviewer: # Interviewer: #1 Just mighty careless? # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay, would you- Aux: Mighty clumsy I would say. Interviewer: Mighty clumsy or mighty awkward, something like that? 434: Awkward. Interviewer: Yeah. 434: Falling down. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What- you know- have you ever known anybody who just kept doing something that didn't make any sense at all you'd say that man's just a plain- 434: Crazy. Interviewer: Just 434: #1 Somebody # Interviewer: #2 plain crazy? # 434: say he's a fool. Interviewer: {NW} Yeah. That's uh bible says that's dangerous doesn't it? 434: That's right. Interviewer: What does it say about that? 434: Yeah well- he's- a man like that he is dangerous you see he's dangerous uh doing things that he shouldn't be. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 You- you # you have to watch them- them kind of peoples. Interviewer: Uh-huh. {B} what would you call a man who just has a lot of money? You know you were talking about someone like this the other day. A man who has a lot of money but who just won't let go of it. You say he's just an old- 434: Well you'd call him an old type. Interviewer: Just an old type? 434: Stingy! Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Well you see if you hook up something- sh- shed up your hand and nothing never comes in and out Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: You see we got people's got money and he won't use it and won't let nobody else use it but there's a day coming his hand'll be open and anybody can use it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: That's the reason why he tells your eat. Drink. And be merry today you live, tomorrow you die. If you got a nickel and want to spend it, spend it cuz you don't want- where the end is. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Ain't no harm to have money now. But it's a harm to let that money get between you and your father. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And that's what it do to a lot of us you know. Interviewer: Uh-huh. {B} if uh- when you- if you ever use the word common about a person what do you mean by that? If you say he's just- he's just common as he can be. What would you mean by that? Or would you ever use that word? 434: Well I ain't never- I heard a this communism that peoples talk about living now common. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: What is a- one nation is a- Is it Russia? The common- using this common- Interviewer: Oh you're talking about Communists? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh well I'm tal- I'm really talking about something else. If you- 434: Common. Interviewer: Yeah 434: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 if he's just a # common person- 434: Right in your community. Interviewer: Okay. Okay. 434: Well I wouldn't know what you call them. {NS} But god knowing. Interviewer: Probably just call 'em a sorry white man. 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: A sorry black 'un. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {D: Ain't no different} # {NW} Interviewer: {NW} General what would- what would you call a- a- uh an old person uh who still does his farm work and he doesn't get tired? You'd say well I don't care how old he is, he's still mighty what? Aux: {D: Smart} {X} Interviewer: You know if he- if he still does his own work and 434: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 doesn't # make him tired say well it don't make any difference how old he is, he's still mighty- 434: He's still working and make his own living. Interviewer: Okay. Or would you ever say he's mighty spry? Aux: Right. Interviewer: Or something like that? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. If uh- maybe if somebody's children were staying out later than they ought to General uh you might say well I don't suppose that there's anything wrong but I can't help but feeling a little- 434: You can't help but feel a little funny about it. Interviewer: Okay. Yeah. I- if somebody said- if I said well I don't want to go- I don't want to go upstairs in the dark. I'm- 434: Scared. Interviewer: Yeah. You ever been scared of the dark? 434: #1 Not that I know of. # Interviewer: #2 Dark doesn't bother you? # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # Okay. Uh something you might say about a woman, well she's- she's not- uh she's not afraid now but she- now she's not afraid but she- 434: Will be Interviewer: Will be or- or if she has been in the past 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 You'd say she- # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # She's not afraid now but she- Aux: Have. Have been General. Something. 434: Have been. Interviewer: Okay. 434: {NW} {NW} Interviewer: Would you ever say she- she used to be? 434: That's sometimes u- use that, she used to be scared. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. If uh you know if- if she was- if she wasn't always like that, if she wasn't always afraid of the dark you say well I don't understand why she's afraid, she she u- 434: Used to wasn't. Interviewer: Alright. Okay. {NS} Alright. If uh- if somebody leaves a lotta money out on the tab- out on the table somewhere where anybody can get it and he leaves the door unlocked you'd say he's mighty 434: Careless. Interviewer: Yeah mighty careless with his money. Uh if you had an aunt- if you had an aunt and her name was Lizzie you might say well there's nothing really wrong with Aunt Lizzie but sometimes she acts kinda 434: Funny. Interviewer: Yeah. Kinda funny. You know anybody like that? 434: Plenty {D: of 'em} Interviewer: Kinda strange? {NS} 434: Right. Interviewer: Would you- would you ever use- would you ever say she acts mighty queer? 434: That's right. Interviewer: #1 Would- # 434: #2 Sure. # Interviewer: woul- would queer mean about the same as funny? 434: That same thing. Interviewer: Okay. 434: #1 She's # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # 434: {D: spiritually blind.} Interviewer: Alright. What about somebody who- who makes up his own mind General and- and nothing in the world can make him change his mind? You'd say uh- you'd say he's mighty what? He makes up his own mind and nobody's gonna change his mind no matter what. You'd say he sure is mighty- 434: I wouldn't know what to say about a man like that. Interviewer: Would you say he's just bullheaded? Or stubborn? 434: That's the only thing it could be. #1 Stubborn. # Interviewer: #2 Just # stubborn? 434: Stubborn. See he got his own way and he don't believe in nothing else but his own way. Interviewer: Have- have you ever known anybody that- a person that you could- just couldn't joke with? He'd be liable to- he'd be liable to lose his temper 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 real easy- # you'd say he's mighty what? 434: High-tempered. Interviewer: Just mighty high-tempered? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh and if you were talking about a so- a person like that and- and you were joking with him you'd say well I- I was just kidding with him. 434: That's Interviewer: #1 I- # 434: #2 right. # Interviewer: I didn't know he was gonna get- 434: Mad. Interviewer: Get mad. Yeah. Okay. Is there anything else you'd say about a person who got mad real easy? You'd say he got mad or he got- 434: That's all you could say. Interviewer: Have you ever heard anybody say he'd sure- he got head up quick? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. If uh- if somebody's just about to lose his temper you'd tell him well now don't lose your temper, just 434: Calm down. Interviewer: Calm down. Okay. {NS} If uh- if you'd been working real hard all day General and uh you'd say well I been working all- I been working hard all day I'm just real 434: Tired. Interviewer: Yeah. You- would you say anything else other than tired? Okay. Uh and when you're real tired you just you just can't do anything #1 else- you- # 434: #2 That's right. # Interviewer: you hardly lift your arm. 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 You'd say # I'm just what? I'm just- 434: I'm just out. Interviewer: I'm just out. 434: #1 That's {X} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # Oh me. 434: And that's- that's- you can send them kind of feelings too. When you uh uh work hard all day and- Interviewer: Can you remember the tiredest you've ever been? 434: I imagine the tiredest I've ever been when I- I got over hit {C: i.e. overheated} Got too hot. And didn't know it. Interviewer: During the summer? 434: And when I- I had my mule in the field and when I walked up got the mule, I had old buggy and I walked up to hitch the mule to the buggy. And something told me to leave. Just leave the mule and I just staggered back and fell in a- in the field. Nobody's down there with me and I don't know what I done but I got dirt all in my face and- {D: I don't know} {X} I don't know what happened. I just got too hot. {D: You know.} Aux: I didn't know {X} I know that you'd a come out the field {D: leavened} with dirt. When I had {X} course you hadn't come. {X} And I- {D: he didn't get back} And I {X} And I looked at the clock at one oh clock and I {X} good gracious! Somethings the matter with him. And I went and I- I see'd him coming. I didn't know him. Interviewer: Hmm. Aux: {NW} Looked like someone had throwed dirt all over him, all in his face. Interviewer: {NW} Aux: I said well {B} what in the world? He said I don't know. I got too hot. Interviewer: You were just kind of in a bad way weren't you General? 434: {X} Interviewer: {NW} Aux: I should'a went {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. General if- if a person you know has been real healthy and they've been- and they've been quite well but you hear s- that they got some disease real suddenly you'd say well she was alright but last night she- 434: Taken sick? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. {NS} And if- if he's uh- if he's sick now but he'll eventually be well again you say well he'll be up again- 434: In a few days. Interviewer: In a few days. Okay. Have you ever s- hear anybody say well he'll be well again by and by. 434: I've heard that. Interviewer: Something like that? Okay. If uh- if somebody got like you say, like you got, if somebody got overheated and he got chilled and you know his eyes and his nose started running you'd say 434: {NW} Interviewer: that he's caught a what? Aux: Cold. 434: Cold. Interviewer: Yeah. Okay. If uh- 434: {NW} Interviewer: if uh- if this cold affected his voice and he sounds different you'd say he's what? 434: Got a cold in his chest. Interviewer: Got a cold in his 434: #1 And # Interviewer: #2 chest # 434: #1 throat. # Interviewer: #2 or- # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # His voice sounds 434: #1 That's # Interviewer: #2 real- # 434: right. Aux: {D: Coldish} 434: Rattling like {NW} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Yeah. I've been in them shapes. Interviewer: Would you ever say his- his voice is real hoarse? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. That the way- he whisper trying to talk. Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Aux: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 If- # Aux: {X} Interviewer: if I do like- General if I do like {NW} what do you call that? I've got a little- {NW} 434: Cold. Interviewer: Or a little- {NW} what do you call- am I- what am I doing? {NW} That's a- 434: Cough. Interviewer: Right. Okay. if uh- if- if I say well I better get to bed, I'm feeling a little bit 434: Bad. Interviewer: A little bad or if they- if my eyelids are getting real heavy and I'm tired I'm 434: #1 You're getting # Interviewer: #2 getting {X} # 434: sleepy. Interviewer: Yeah. You never get sleepy, do you General? #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: {NW} 434: #1 That mean I go to sleep too. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # Yeah. But you say after you go to sleep and sleep a while uh every morning at six oh clock I- I- 434: #1 Get up. # Interviewer: #2 d- # I do- alright. When you open your eyes you- 434: That's #1 right. # Aux: #2 You- # 434: #1 # Aux: #2 # You waked up. Interviewer: Or you- you wake up or- right okay. Okay. Now you might say uh well {B} is still sleeping. I better go- I better- 434: Wake her up. Interviewer: Yeah. {NS} You like to be waked up General? Or does that bother you? 434: I don't have to be woke up. Interviewer: You just automatically wake up? 434: {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: You wake me up {D: don't you} You don't let me- Interviewer: If uh- if a person is supposed to ha- if a person has some medicine and uh he- he's supposed to use it regularly and somebody comes along and the medicine's still there on his table where they put it you s- you might say to 'em well why haven't you- 434: Take it. Interviewer: Yeah. If uh- if somebody can't hear well General you say they're getting a little bit- 434: Hard of hearing. Interviewer: Okay. Would you ever say he's getting a little deaf? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. You know when you were working outside there when I came over General you working we- real hard and if you might've worked so hard that you just got your shirt wringing wet and you'd say {NW} look at how much I- 434: Se- sweated. Interviewer: Yeah. 434: You wet. Interviewer: That's right. General have you ever gotten a- a place on your arm or somewhere else on your body that uh it had a real- it was real red on the outside and had a little white spot right in the middle and it was infected? 434: Never have. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of a- it's a- it's a kin- kind of a sore on your arm. You ever heard of a boil- had a boil on your arm? 434: {X} I don't think I have. Interviewer: Okay. What about uh well you might not know this either but you know the white stuff that comes out of that boil, do you know what that's called? {NS} 434: Pus. Interviewer: Yeah. Okay. Uh General if uh- if a bee- 434: Turn that light on where you can saw. Interviewer: Oh okay. Aux: {X} It's tricky. Interviewer: Okay. Alright uh General if- if a bee stung me on my hand my- my hand might- might do what if it got 434: #1 Swole. # Interviewer: #2 real big? # Yeah. You'd say it's pretty badly- 434: Swole up. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. And- but if it- but if it's not- if it isn't infected it- it probably won't much. Probably won't- 434: That's right. Interviewer: It probably won't do what much? 434: It won't hurt you. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. What about uh if you're- if you've been cutting wood for a long time General and- if a person's not used to handling an ax a lot he'll get this- this place on his hand with some liquid under it you know? 434: Yeah. Interviewer: What do you call those things? Aux: Blisters. General? 434: Alcohol? Aux: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 No {NW} # Aux: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # The- the thing on your hand that- 434: Corn? Interviewer: Alright if it's real soft. 434: Blister. Interviewer: Yeah what do you call that liquid in the blister? You say it has a lotta- 434: Water. Interviewer: Lot of water in it. Yeah. Okay. General if- if somebody has uh gotten shot or stabbed somewhere and uh you might say well we need to get a doctor to take a look at the- 434: The cut! A wound. Interviewer: Okay. Okay. What about uh- have- have you ever seen a wound that uh that didn't heal clean? You know? And it might have a a white place form around the edge of it? 434: That's right. Interviewer: What- sometimes you know it has to be- uh has to be cut out or it has to be burned out. What- what kind- what would you say that is, it's- it's what? 434: I wouldn't know what that was. Interviewer: Is it- have you ever heard it called some kind a flesh- 434: That's right. Interviewer: It's called what? Have you ever heard of proud flesh? 434: Proud flesh. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: I've heard that. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Wouldn't ever heal up. Interviewer: Right. Right. What uh- if uh- what would be some of the things that you might keep in your in your medicine cabinet that uh- that has a skull and crossbones on it? Okay 434: #1 You see well # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Aux: Poison. 434: What Aux: #1 Poison. # 434: #2 would that # be now? Aux: Poison. 434: Hmm? Aux: Something poison. 434: What? Aux: Something poison. 434: When your flesh break out Interviewer: #1 Well- # 434: #2 into- # Interviewer: well let's say that uh maybe- maybe you get a little cut on your finger and you need to put something on it to keep it from getting infected. What might you put on your finger? 434: Mercurochrome. Interviewer: Mercurochrome. Aux: I- 434: #1 Now somebody # Aux: #2 {X} # 434: put alcohol on it. Interviewer: Would you ever put iodine on it? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. Aux: The doctor puts some iodine {B} {X} See he said {D: I} {X} to iodine. {D: And this would right the rain} Interviewer: Uh-huh. General have you ever heard of a- a disease called malaria? {NS} 434: Malaria fever? Interviewer: Yeah. Do you know what used to be given for malaria? Never heard of that? Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of uh quinine? 434: That's right. Interviewer: You ever heard anybody had to take that before? 434: Sure. That's some- I have taken it {D: pill though} Interviewer: Is that right? Aux: He- he {D: used} quinine. {X} 434: #1 Used to take that # Aux: #2 Capsule. # Interviewer: for chills. Aux: Uh-huh. {X} cramp and it was good but {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. General if uh- if a man was shot and he- and he didn't recover from the- from the wound you'd say he did what? 434: Didn't recover? Interviewer: If he didn't. 434: Died. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is there any other term that you might use? Maybe a more polite term instead of just died? Would you say he- uh so and so just 434: Passed. Interviewer: Just passed? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Is there- have you ever heard anybody use any kind of crude rude sort of term to say that a person died? 434: Never have. Interviewer: Never have? Have you ever heard somebody say that he kicked the bucket? 434: I heard that. Kick the bucket. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: That's kind of a joking term isn't it? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. 434: Dead man don't know nothing about it. Interviewer: That's true. {NW} Have you- well maybe the- the man's been dead a week and still nobody's figured out yet what he- 434: To do with him. Interviewer: Or what he- if they don't understand what caused it you'd say they hadn't figured out what he- 434: Died with. Interviewer: Yeah. 434: Yeah? Interviewer: Uh-huh. What do you call a place where people are buried General? 434: Graveyard. Interviewer: Graveyard? Is #1 there a- # Aux: #2 Cemetery. # Interviewer: #1 # Aux: #2 # Interviewer: Yeah. Have you ever heard that called anything else besides a graveyard? 434: Never #1 have. # Aux: #2 Ceme- # tery. 434: Huh? Interviewer: {B} says a cemetery. You ever heard it called that? 434: I've heard that, cemetery. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Okay. Alright. General I'll just ask you one more and we'll call it a day. What uh- what do you call the box that people are buried in? 434: Casket. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard that called anything else? 434: I've heard 'em say coffin. Interviewer: Coffin. 434: {X} Interviewer: Okay. 434: That's- they use that casket there they used to call 'em coffins but they just got that lately you know so that's- Interviewer: Okay. {NS} We were talking about last time- uh I think the last question I asked you was what do you call the box that they bury people in. 434: Coffin. Interviewer: Yeah and you said a coffin. Okay. What do you call- what do you call the ceremony for a- a dead person ,you say we're gonna go to his- Aux: Funeral. 434: That's a funeral. Interviewer: Uh-huh. {NS} Okay. If uh- if the people are- are dressed all in black after somebody's died you say they're in- what? Everybody's dressed- 434: Mourning. Interviewer: Yeah. In mourning. Uh is- is there anything else uh you'd call it if people- if people in the family really get worked up about the death you know if uh- if the women just kind of lose control of themselves is there anything you'd call that? 434: Well {NW} I would call it- some of 'em say they- they's hurt over the dead body. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And they begin to lose they- control of their self and just scream and holler and go on you know. Just cry and primp up. Primp your mouth you know. Primp, they be crying- don't cry. Some of them lips are just quiver you know like they wanna cry Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 434: #2 and they # don't. Interviewer: Yeah. 434: I don't know what you'd call that now. Interviewer: Just in bad shape? 434: Yeah. Interviewer: Okay. Uh if somebody meets you on the- meets you on the street General and says well how you doing today? And if- if you feeling just about average you'd say well- well I'm 434: Okay. Interviewer: Just okay? 434: Yeah. Interviewer: Okay. If uh- if a- if the children are out real late at night and your wife's getting a little bit excited about it you might say well they'll be home alright, just don't- 434: Just don't worry about it. Interviewer: Don't worry about it. Okay. Worry'll make you old 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 quick won't it? # 434: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: The mother can't help but worry {D: own kin} Interviewer: That's the truth. I know about that. 434: {NW} {NW} Interviewer: I know about that. Okay with- you'd uh- if a person's getting old and uh his joints are getting stiff and kinda aching you say he might have just a touch of what? You know I'm just- I'm just so 434: #1 {D: Uh uh} # Interviewer: #2 {D: where I gotta touch it} # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 434: Some of 'em'd call it touch a rheumatism. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Or arthritis. Interviewer: Rheumatism, arthritis? Yeah. Have you ever heard of a- a real bad disease General that affected the throats of children before? You know you'd- they'd have sores inside and they'd 434: #1 Diph- # Interviewer: #2 {D: get} # 434: Diphtheria. Interviewer: Yeah. You don't s- have a bunch of that around anymore do you? You ever seen anybody with 434: #1 I've heard # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 434: 'em, it soon do away with the folks, it close up their throat. Interviewer: Yeah. Bad. Have you ever seen a man who had a disease that caused his skin and eyeballs to turn yellow? You ever heard of that? 434: I never #1 heard of that. # Aux: #2 {D: I have} # 434: I seen peoples have a disease or something, their skin'll get white and spotty. Interviewer: What is that? 434: They call it leprosy. Interviewer: Oh yeah. But you never heard of jaundice? Yellow jaundice? Aux: {X} 434: I've heard of that- peoples with- and then I heard it cat would give you yellow jaundice. Interviewer: Is that right? A cat. 434: See a cat carries a germ. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And you can catch yellow jaundice by a cat. Interviewer: {NW} 434: And a dog carries a germ but it's not catching like the cat Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 is. # Interviewer: Uh-huh. Hmm. Well that's a 434: #1 And uh # Interviewer: #2 new one. # 434: that cat {X} dangerous- you can catch that from Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 cat. # Yellow jaundice. Interviewer: Yeah. Okay. Uh if you have a- if somebody has a very bad pain right about here and they have to have an operation it's uh- what- do you know what that's called? 434: {D: Appendix} Interviewer: Yeah. They'd have to have their appendix taken out. 434: That's right. Interviewer: Alright. What about uh if you ate something or you drank something that didn't agree with you and it came back up you'd say you- 434: Vomit. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is there anything else you'd call it? 434: Some of 'em say throwed up. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Aux: And some's just spit up. 434: Huh? Interviewer: Spit up. 434: Now you don't throwed it you don't spit Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 that stuff # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 It just comes out in a row. # Interviewer: #1 It's a little bit more forceful than that # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 huh? # 434: #2 You tell 'em. # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # Aux: #2 You tell 'em. # 434: You primp your mouth just spits #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # #1 Na- no- # Aux: #2 {X} # {X} Interviewer: No primping involved huh? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Yeah. If uh- is there any well uh- would you say there's any difference between vomit and throw up- is there- is one term any more polite than the other one? Would you think? 434: Now uh- Throwing up and vomiting is all the same to me. It makes you sick and it strain your stomach. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Aux: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 So if- # Aux: {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. So if somebody had to vomit you'd say ah look at him, he must have been sick 434: That's right. Stomach. Interviewer: Yeah. 434: Sick to his stomach. Interviewer: Okay. If uh- if somebody just found out some news you might say well he just hardly got the news when he came right over Aux: {X} Interviewer: He- 434: To me? Interviewer: Uh-huh and- 434: That's right. Interviewer: and do what? He hardly got the news when he came over and Aux: {X} Interviewer: He came over- 434: To me? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: {X} let me understand that right now Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 434: #2 what you- # Interviewer: If somebody had just heard something and uh he wanted you to know about it you might say well he just hardly had gotten the news when he came over- 434: And told me. Interviewer: Okay. 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. If you p- invite somebody to come see you this evening and you want to tell them that you'll be disappointed if uh- if he doesn't come you might say well now if you don't come I- 434: I'd be disappointed. Interviewer: Okay. And if- if both you and {B} are glad to see me when I come out here you might say well we're- 434: We're glad to see you. We was glad to see you. Interviewer: {NS} Okay. Aux: {X} Interviewer: Alright. If uh- if you're talking to a little child who's been misbehaving you know been bad you say well if you do that again I'm gonna have to- 434: Whoop you. Interviewer: Gonna have to whoop you. Alright. Let's see. {NS} Alright. Alright General if uh- if a man meets a girl at a dance and he wants to go home with her he says to her well may I- 434: Take you home. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You never done that before have you? {NW} 434: I don't- Interviewer: {NW} 434: I couldn't say I hadn't done that cuz that used to be the past {X} Interviewer: #1 That's right. # 434: #2 {NW} # {NW} Interviewer: Okay well let's say if uh- if- if the- if this fellow is- is really interested in this girl and uh he spends a lot of his time with her so that the neighbors begin to think that he's getting serious about her what do they say he's doing? 434: They say he's in love. Interviewer: He's in love or- 434: With- Interviewer: If he eventually intends to marry her 434: #1 That's right, # Interviewer: #2 he's doing what? # 434: He's intending to marry her make it his wife. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would you ever say that he's uh- he's courting her? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Would there- would there be any other way to say that? 434: Nothing. No other way, he's courting her. Interviewer: Okay. 434: You have to court before you can marry. Interviewer: Okay so if uh- if this- if this boy and this girl are- are really uh getting attached to each other you'd say uh- what would you call him- you'd say that- that he's her what? 434: Boyfriend. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And then she's his- 434: His girlfriend. Interviewer: That's right okay. If- if this fellow happens to come home with lipstick on his collar his little brother said {NW} I know what you've been doing, you've been- 434: Kissing. Interviewer: That's right. {NW} 434: {NW} Interviewer: #1 Giving himself away. # 434: #2 {NW} # That's right. Interviewer: Alright well if this girl- if uh- if this fellow asks this girl to marry him and she doesn't want to what did you say she did to him? 434: Said no. And uh {X} sometime that breaks 'em up. Interviewer: That's right. So she just uh- 434: She just {X} ain't decide to marry. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And if she wanted to marry him maybe she wouldn't want to {X} Interviewer: So she just turned him down? 434: That's right. Turned him down. Interviewer: Okay. Well uh if she didn't turn him down then they might go ahead and get- 434: They'd go ahead and marry. Interviewer: Okay. Or you'd say they got- 434: Got married. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Do you General at a wedding, what do you call the man who stands up with the- with the groom? 434: Your best man. Interviewer: Uh-huh and what do you call the girl who stands up with the bride? 434: Best girl. Interviewer: The best girl? Okay. Have you ever heard of uh ha- after a wedding maybe some boys in the neighborhood might gather around the couple's home and just start making a- a- a lotta noise? What would you call that? 434: I don't know what I- what I would call it but I've heard of boys getting around a couple's home, ringing bells Interviewer: Yeah. 434: Beating plows Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 you know and # blowing car horns and all that kinda stuff. Now I- I- I don't know what you'd call that Interviewer: #1 You've # 434: #2 cuz # Interviewer: never heard that called anything? 434: {X} Interviewer: Have you ever heard it called a shivaree? 434: Never did. Interviewer: Or a maybe a serenade of something like that? 434: Serenade. Serenade I've heard it Interviewer: #1 {X} # 434: #2 called # that. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Has- ha- would anything like that ever be done if uh somebody had- had made everybody in the town mad? Maybe my- by taking some kinda unpopular political stand? Something like that? Maybe if he'd said someth- if he'd said something that- that had insulted somebody else in town would they do something like that? Go around his house and make a lot of 434: #1 That's # Interviewer: #2 noise? # 434: right. They'd go around his house and do a lotta things that they wouldn't have done if they- if he hadn't a made 'em mad. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. {NS} Let's see. If you happen to be in Atlanta uh for a time and you saw somebody over there that you wanted to tell me about you say well sitting here talking to me you say well I saw him- 434: In Atlanta. Interviewer: Just in Atlanta? Would you just say I saw him in Atlanta? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Would you ever say I- I saw him over in Atlanta? 434: Well it's- I said it like I would Interviewer: Say it in 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 in Atlanta. # 434: #1 Hell I saw him # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # 434: in Atlanta. Oh well the way it oughta been, over in Atlanta. Interviewer: {X} What about if you saw him in Montgomery? What would you say? 434: I'd say I saw him in Montgomery. Interviewer: Okay or Briar Hill? 434: Briar Hill. Interviewer: Or Troy? 434: Or Troy. Or Shady Grove. Interviewer: Okay. {NS} Alright. If uh- if a fellow lives- uh lives at the- where the Browns live and let's say that uh the- the Browns live just a few houses up from you you would- you would tell me that he lives where? 434: Live just the other side of the Browns. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 434: #2 Or maybe # this side of the Browns. Interviewer: Okay. Well if- if he lives with the Browns and the Browns live about a half mile away from here you'd say he lives- 434: This side of the Browns. Interviewer: Okay. If he lived on- on the other side of a hill with the Browns w- you'd say he lives- 434: Well I'd say he lived other side of the Browns. Interviewer: Okay. If he lived- if the Browns live twenty miles away and he lives with the Browns you'd tell me well he lives- 434: Well he lives in twenty miles of the Browns. Interviewer: Okay. Okay. Alright. Well let's see. If uh- if some- if a whole lotta people- let's say if- if we have a lot of people at this party tomorrow and everybody just starts making a ruckus might get the police out here and they don't arrest just one of us but they might arrest 434: Everybody. Interviewer: {NW} Or maybe you might say they arrest the whole #1 crowd? # 434: #2 Whole # crowd. Interviewer: Okay. I hope that doesn't happen. 434: Me too. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {NW} Interviewer: {NW} I'd give you a bad reputation wouldn't it General? 434: {D: That ain't} arresting. They call the law once to a bunch of us having a party and their place of law come and the fire department come, well the folks got to running. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And they turned the water hose on the house Interviewer: Uh-oh. 434: And everybody got wet {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # {NW} Interviewer: Oh me. 434: {X} {NW} Interviewer: Okay. You know some uh young people when they like to have a good time they might go out during the evening. What do you call it that they're doing when they get together you know, move around on the floor? You say- 434: Dances. Interviewer: Yeah. Okay are there- what different kinds of dances do you know about? 434: {NW} Well I've heard a- the boat dancing. Suzie Q, sissy britches. {NW} Interviewer: #1 {X} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} Pork chop. Interviewer: Pork chop. 434: {NW} Interviewer: Those hard to do? 434: {NW} What do you say? {C: laughter} Interviewer: Are those hard to do? 434: {NW} I don't know it- it ain't hard {X} to anybody that know how they- you oughta see this little old girl who's here Sunday {X} the one I was telling you about could dance. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: You oughta see her pork chop. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 She can pork chop pretty good. # 434: #2 {NW} # {NW} Lord that woman {D: whips the rope all} on the floor. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: Just kind of lively? 434: {NW} Yeah that woman can skip. Interviewer: Okay. Well uh General if- if a children uh get out of school at three oh clock you say that at three oh clock school does what? 434: Oh. Out. Interviewer: School's out? Okay. Uh and after- after vacations over with you would say well when does school- 434: Start. Interviewer: Okay. {NS} Alright if a- if a boy left here in the morning, he was supposed to go to school but uh he didn't show up you'd say he did what? If he- 434: That he- Interviewer: He would be left here at morning, he was supposed to go to school. 434: Yeah. Interviewer: But he never showed up you'd say that- 434: Well he dropped out. Interviewer: Just 434: #1 dropped out # Interviewer: #2 dropped out? # 434: of school today. Interviewer: Okay. What do you go to school for General? To get a- 434: Education. Interviewer: Okay. And after high school some people go on 434: #1 it's c- # Interviewer: #2 to what? # 434: c- {D: college} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. After after- some children go to play school you know or kindergarten and after they get through with kindergarten they go into what? 434: To they- I don't know about that now- they take the first grade? Interviewer: Yeah that's right. 434: First grade. Interviewer: Sure. Okay. {NS} Uh you know a long time ago in the old-fashioned schools the children would sit on these benches but now each child has it- has his own- 434: Desk. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And uh you would say if you have two of 'em there- look at those two 434: Desks. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. What do you call a- a book a- I mean a- a place in town General that- that just has a lot of books that people can come in and read? 434: Bookstore. Interviewer: Okay if you don't want to buy 'em you can just borrow 'em 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 what do you call that p- # 434: Magazines? Interviewer: Alright they might- 434: I reckon that's what it is. You borrow 'em and take 'em back. Interviewer: That's right. 434: Bookstore. Interviewer: Okay have you ever heard it called a library? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Have you ever been to one? 434: I don't know as I have. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: I don't reckon they would have no goodies and I couldn't read Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 You could go in and pass the time of day with the librarian I guess. # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # It'd be like a- the man who's in school Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: and the- his old man they was teaching school. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And he burst out in a big laugh and the teacher asked him what's so funny? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And he just hooped out again, old man. She said what's so funny? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: He said ms teacher? {NW} I see some womens in this book standing on his head {D: and he had his book buy the wall} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Oh me. {NW} He kinda told on 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 himself didn't he? # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # {NW} {NW} Where would you take a- where would you take a- a package to mail it in town General? 434: Post office. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about if you were in a strange town you might have to stay overnight, you might get you a room at- 434: In a hotel. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What would you call a place where you went to see a play or a movie? 434: {NW} I don't know what they call that place. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would you call it a theater? 434: That's what should call it a theater. Interviewer: Yeah. Okay. If you had to go into town to get an operation General, where would you go? 434: Doctor. Interviewer: Or 434: #1 The # Interviewer: #2 what do you # call the building? 434: The operating room. Interviewer: Well what the operating room is part of, the- 434: Uh the hospital. Interviewer: Right. Okay. What do you- what do you call the woman who looks after you in the hospital? 434: Nurse. Interviewer: Okay. What about uh if you have to catch a train you'd go down to the- 434: Down to the next stop {X} some town in there? Interviewer: Well sometimes you know there's a- a- there's a specific place, there's a- a special building where the train'll stop. Say well I- if I'm gonna catch the train I need to go down to the- 434: Train station. Interviewer: Okay. Train station. 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. Where would you go to catch the bus? 434: Bus station. Interviewer: okay. What do you call the place in the center of the town around the courthouse? Used to- used to be in Troy like that, you called it what? 434: Parking lot. Interviewer: Parking lot or it's uh you ever heard it called anything else? {NS} You know it's- it's uh surrounded on all four sides by stores. And you call the place right in the middle #1 the # 434: #2 {D: and the} # Right in the middle they call that the square Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 434: #2 Wouldn't they? # Interviewer: Uh-huh. You ever 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 heard it # called court square or- 434: Court square. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 That's right. # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: Okay. Alright. Let's see {B} if uh- let me see. {NS} Let's see General. Alright. Let's say you know, there's a street running this way and a street running that way. And if there's a fellow standing at the corner right here and if he crosses the street like that how would you say he's co- crossing the street? He's going what? You know 434: #1 it's- # Interviewer: #2 in- # instead of crossing from here to here and then going from here to here he just goes straight across like that. {NS} {NS} How would you say he's crossing the street? {NS} 434: He's- he's going straight across. Interviewer: You'd just say he's going straight across? 434: Straight across the street. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: You see he ain't turning to these corners. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ev- have you ever heard anybody say he's- he's uh crossing caddy- caddy cornered? 434: #1 Now that's- that's- # Interviewer: #2 {X} Never heard of that thing # 434: that's what it would be kinda. Interviewer: Caddy cornered? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. Have you ever heard of these uh- {NS} these uh things that they used to have in cities that uh ran on tracks and they had a wire overhead? 434: {NW} {D: Electric?} Interviewer: Just uh- you know what they were called? I have to go down and catch the- 434: Elevator? Interviewer: No it's- it's not an elevator they- they run on rails. And uh they're powered by an electric line that 434: It wouldn't be a train Interviewer: #1 runs above it. # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: No-c well have you ever heard- uh c- #1 heard of uh streetcars? # Aux: #2 Streetcars. # 434: Streetcar. Aux: Uh-huh. 434: That's right, well Interviewer: #1 Still # 434: #2 that's # Interviewer: have 'em in New Orleans. 434: Yeah. Well you see I ain't never been around nothing Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 like that. # Now I've heard of streetcars. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Run by electrics and I seen electric trains Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: on railroads. Interviewer: Okay good. {NW} Alright if you were- if you were riding a bus General you might tell the bus driver well the next corner is where I want to- 434: Get off. Interviewer: Uh-huh. {NS} Okay. Let's see. Alright. Alright we're in Pike County aren't we {B} 434: That's right. Interviewer: Alright now you'd say that- that Troy is the what of Pike County? 434: Troy is the center. Interviewer: The center 434: #1 Of Pike # Interviewer: #2 or # 434: county. Interviewer: #1 Or what about- # 434: #2 In the # county seat. Interviewer: That's right. Okay. Wha- what's that county in Al- in Alabama close to here. They have two county seats? 434: #1 Montgomery # Interviewer: #2 You ever hear- # 434: county. Interviewer: Is it Montgomery? 434: It is uh- Interviewer: I thought it was uh 434: {D: Screeching} Crenshaw? Interviewer: I was thinking it was uh Coffee County you know. Enterprise and Elba? 434: That's back on this other end. Interviewer: Yeah. Oh okay. 434: Coffee County and Enterprise. Interviewer: Okay. Alright General if uh- if you're an- if a man's an FBI agent- if he works for the Federal Bureau of In- Investigation you'd say that uh he's working for the federal- or the postmaster works for the federal what? 434: I can't place that now. Interviewer: Just the federal government? 434: He works- he works for the government don't he? Interviewer: Yeah, he doesn't work for the state government, he works for the- 434: Federal government. Interviewer: Yeah. Okay. What uh- what are the police in a town supposed to do? They're supposed to maintain or they're supposed to keep 434: Order. Interviewer: Okay. 434: Peace. Interviewer: Alright. Sometimes- sometimes you use that word together with order, some people say that the police keep and order. 434: That's right, keep things in order. Interviewer: Okay or law and order? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. What do you call the- the war that was fought between the North and the South {NS} back in the eighteen sixties? 434: I don't know what we call that. World War? Interviewer: #1 No. # 434: #2 No. # Interviewer: No. 434: That wasn't here. {NW} was the war- w- North was against the South Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 right? # Interviewer: Uh-huh. You ever heard it called a Civil War? Or the war between the states? 434: That's right, that's all I'd know to call it. Interviewer: Okay. 434: The Civil War. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard it called the war of Northern Aggression? Never heard it called that? Okay. Alright General before they had uh the electric chair murderers where what? What did they do to murderers before they had the electric chair? {NS} They might go out and tie a rope around 434: #1 And break # Interviewer: #2 a tree # 434: his neck. Interviewer: You'd say they were gonna 434: #1 That's # Aux: #2 Hang him. # 434: right. Interviewer: What were they gonna do to him? They were gonna- 434: #1 Hang him. # Aux: #2 Hang him. # Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Or you might say if a man took his own life you might say well I heard that that man went out and- 434: Committed suicide. Interviewer: Or if he did by what we were talking about he went out and- 434: Hung his- himself. Interviewer: Okay. {NS} 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Alright. # {NW} {B} You- you were saying the other day that you had spent some time in New Jersey. Do you know any of the other states up there in the north? 434: Well I went to Philadelphia and uh New York. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And several little places in New Jersey they called different names. Cranbury and Long Branch and Allentown and all them different places where there's {X} in New Jersey. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You- 434: {D: New York} New Jersey. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Do you know if uh- do you know uh where- have you ever heard of Richmond? 434: Virginia? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Yes sir. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Passed it coming home on a train. Interviewer: Have you ever heard of Raleigh? 434: Pass it. Raleigh, North Carolina. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about- what's the state that's just south of North Carolina? 434: Is it Tennessee? Memphis, Tennessee? Interviewer: You been 434: #1 {D: That's a-} # Interviewer: #2 there? # 434: #1 {NS} # Interviewer: #2 # 434: {D: Now we} {NS} Aux: {X} 434: Chattanooga, Tennessee. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Memphis, Tennessee. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What are some of the states other than Tennessee that are right next door to Alabama? Aux: I wouldn't know. Interviewer: Where's Atlanta? 434: Is Atlanta in Alabama? Interviewer: No Atlanta's in the state that's next door. It's in Georgia. Have you ever been to Georgia? 434: I've been to Georgia. I've been to Atlanta. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about the state where they grow all the oranges? 434: Florida. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about- have you ever- well New- New Orleans, where is New Orleans? What state's it in? 434: Well I don't know, I never been there Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: #1 Never- # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: never been to Louisiana? 434: Is- is that on the coast line? Cuz I reckon I been through it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And I way across Georgia Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 {X} # and all back in there {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. You know- do you know the state where they raise a lotta horses and they race horses there a lot? And they make a lotta whiskey there? 434: What is it? California? Interviewer: Uh well. Not- this is- this is a state 434: #1 In Alabama? # Interviewer: #2 that's in the south. # It's in the south. You ever- you ever heard of Lexington? Lexington Kentucky? Ever been 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 434: I've heard of this Kentucky. Interviewer: Okay. 434: {X} Kentucky they several of them little places, I used to pass on there coming through on- on a car I come through all them places, them Kentuckys and things that- Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Different places. Interviewer: What about the uh- another state next to Alabama? Uh the- what do you call the great big river that cuts through large part of the country? It's named after the state. 434: Alabama River. Interviewer: There is an Alabama River. What about uh do you know- have you ever heard of Oxford? 434: Never have. Interviewer: #1 {X} # 434: #2 Not as # I know of. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever been to Mississippi? {NS} 434: Never been to Mississippi. Interviewer: Okay. 434: Mississippi River. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. A lo- have you ever heard of a place called Little Rock? 434: I've heard of that. Little Rock. Arkansas. Interviewer: That's right. Do you remember uh where President Truman was from? Do you know President Harry Truman? Okay you ne- 434: I might've heard it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You've uh- didn't know it that he was from Missouri then? Ever- ever been to Missouri? 434: I don't know, I hadn't ever been Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 434: #2 there. # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: Do you know of uh any of the states out in the west? You know the big state were they produce a lot of oil? 434: I don't know none of them states. {X} Interviewer: Don't know where the- all the cowboys were supposed to be from? 434: Let's see. That's- the cowboys comes out of the west don't they? Interviewer: That's right. Texas? 434: Texas. Interviewer: Yeah. {NS} #1 Have uh- # 434: #2 That's right. # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: uh- 434: Texas cowboys. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Oklahoma? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. Do you know uh what they call the city that's the capital of the country? It's up there just past uh Maryland. Just past Virginia do you know what they call it? The nation's capital? 434: I don't know what they call that. Interviewer: Okay you might have been through it. Washington D-C? 434: Washington D-C now I've been there, now many times cuz I caught a train in Washington Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 434: D-C Interviewer: Have you ever been to that real big city in Maryland? You know what they call it? It begins with a B. Bal- Been to Baltimore? 434: Baltimore. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Alright let's see. What about the- you remember the- do you know the name of the old seaport in South Carolina? 434: I sure don't. Interviewer: You been to Charleston? 434: Charleston Sou- South Carolina. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 {D: It has} # several {X} kilometers in there but I don't know about that, I just passed through there on the trains. Interviewer: Have you ever heard of the- the great big city in Illinois? It's almost as big as New York. Where they have all the cattle- 434: I've heard of it. Interviewer: But you've never heard of Chicago? 434: Heard of that. Interviewer: Okay. Have you ever been to the porch city in Alabama? Down at the bottom part of the state. 434: Never Interviewer: #1 on # 434: #2 have # Interviewer: the water, Mobile? 434: Never been to- no further down there {X} Interviewer: Okay. Okay. Did you say you'd ever been to Columbus, Georgia? 434: Now Columbus, Georgia's between here and Atlanta. Interviewer: Ever been to Macon? 434: Macon, Georgia. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Tippmann, Georgia and Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Several little old Georgias between here and Atlanta Georgia. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Yeah. 434: And I went through Interviewer: Do you- have you ever heard of any uh- of any foreign countries? You mentioned Russia the other day, do you know about any others? {NS} 434: {D: That I know about} Pasadena. What is that, Cali- Interviewer: #1 That's- that's # 434: #2 Where is that? # Interviewer: in California. That's in this country. 434: Is it? {D: This our-} this is in our state? Interviewer: It's- well no it's about three thousand miles away out west. 434: Yeah. Interviewer: Have you ever heard of Paris? 434: Paris. Interviewer: Do you know where- what country Paris is in? 434: I sure don't. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You ever heard of Paris France? 434: I've heard of that. France. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: That's in- back in the- where they goes in the army. Peoples goes back in there. Boys come out back there talking about France. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you ever heard of uh of a city called Dublin? 434: Never have heard of that but there's a Dublin right up here. Interviewer: Is that right? 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # Well it's not #1 too far away at all. # 434: #2 {X} # the road there. They call Dublin or- It ain't but one store there. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You never heard of dublin Ireland? 434: Never have. Interviewer: Okay. Alright well. If somebody asked you to go with him {B} {X} and you're not too sure that you want to you'd say well I don't know if- 434: I might. Interviewer: I- I might but I don't know- 434: Yeah. Interviewer: I don't know if- You'd just tell me, if you're not sure you want to go with me you'd say well I might but I'm not sure if- {NS} Or I don't know- I don't- would you ever say I don't know if I want to? 434: Don't know whether I want to go or not. Interviewer: Okay. 434: {X} Interviewer: Okay. Right. Alright. If you'd have a friend of your's who's real sick General and he's not likely to get any better- if uh- if s- if somebody asked you how he's coming along you might say well it seems 434: In bad shape. Interviewer: Okay. Alright, if you were asked to go somewhere without {B} you might say well I won't go- 434: Without her. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. When uh- if you're- if- if your daughter- if you had to do the dishes one day General and let's say uh if your daughter didn't help you with them you'd say well she went off playing- 434: And I had to do the dishes. Interviewer: Alright or- or uh- or you might say well why did you sit around- 434: And I had to do the dishes. Interviewer: Okay. Would you ever say- she went off playing instead of helping me? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Alright if- if a fellow is a real funny man General and- and you like him you say well I like him- Why do you like him? I like him- 434: Cuz he's funny. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. If uh- if two mem- if uh- if two people became members of a church General you'd say that they did what? They- 434: Joined the church. Interviewer: Okay. Alright, that's good. And you say the preacher preaches a what? 434: Good sermon. Interviewer: Okay. Hopefully it'll be good. 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: {NW} Interviewer: Okay. And uh one man might say well I go to church to hear the sermon and another might say well I don't care anything about the sermon, I just go to hear the- Aux: Singing. 434: Hear the singing. Interviewer: Alright the peop- they're play- they're making- 434: Music. Interviewer: Alright. Okay. What uh- let's see- if you- if the roo- if the music is really nice and you like it you'd say of that music sure is 434: Good music. Interviewer: Good music. 434: {X} {X} Interviewer: Or if uh- if there's a real nice sunset outside you say boy that sunset sure was- 434: Was beautiful. Interviewer: Alright. Okay. Alright General if you had to- if you were on your way to church but your car had a flat tire hen you had to get out and change it you might- you'd say well church- church gonna be over 434: Time I get there. Interviewer: That's right. That's right. General what do you call that- the enemy and the opposite of god? You call him the- 434: Unbelievers. Interviewer: The unbeliever or is there supposed to be- one fellow you know you hear about, he might have horns and all that? He's called the- 434: Demon. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. What is it uh that sometimes some people think they see him around the graveyard? Maybe dressed in white and they scare people? 434: I don't what the- they call that a {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Have you- are you- have you ever heard that called anything else? 434: Ghosts, I heard 'em call 'em ghosts. Interviewer: Ghosts. Okay. What would you call- uh if somebody died real strangely and mysteriously in a house and the peop- people were afraid to live there you'd say I don't want to go up there, that's an old- 434: {D: Haunted} place. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. And if it's uh- if it's getting- if it's getting cold General you- you might say well I better put a sweater on, it's getting- 434: Cold. Interviewer: Getting- or it's getting chilly. 434: Getting chilly. Interviewer: A little chilly. Would you ever say it's getting rather chilly? Aux: Uh-huh. 434: That's right. Interviewer: Or would you- would you say kind of chilly? Or sort of chilly? 434: Sort of chilly, yeah Interviewer: #1 {X} # 434: #2 that's what # I says Interviewer: Okay. 434: You get mighty cold {X} sweaters it's getting sort of chilly. Interviewer: Okay. Alright uh. You might say well if I wanted you to go somewhere and you didn't particularly want to go you might say well I'll go if you insist but I'd- 434: Don't wanna go. Interviewer: Okay. Would you ever say you'd rather not go? 434: I'd rather not go. Interviewer: Okay. Wha- General if you haven't seen a friend of your's in a long time what might you say to him when you first 434: #1 I'm glad # Interviewer: #2 see him? # 434: to see you. Interviewer: Okay. If a man owns five hundred acres of land General how much land would that be? You'd say {NW} you sure do own 434: A lotta lands. Interviewer: A lotta land. Okay. {NS} General let's see. If you told me that you uh were chopping wood and I said well can you really do that? Uh do you think you can do that? And you'd say I- 434: Think I can. Interviewer: Okay. Or would you say uh I sure can? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. Alright uh General if you wanted to be real polite to somebody would you- say if you wanted to be real polite to a man w- if you were answering a question would you just say yes or would you say yes- 434: Yes sir. Interviewer: And to a woman? 434: Yes ma'am. Interviewer: Okay. Let's see. If somebody intensely disliked to go somewhere you'd say well he- 434: He didn't like to go. Or he didn't want to go. Interviewer: Or he- he really didn't want to go? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. You know if- if- if it wasn't just a little cold this morning General you might say it wasn't just a little cold, it was 434: C- It was real cold. Interviewer: That's right. Okay. Or if uh if {B} cooked something that you like you wouldn't say well it wasn't just good, it was- 434: Real good. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. If you- if you got really excited about something General what might you- what might you say? You'd say- Can you think of anything that you might say just real quick if you got excited over something? 434: I don't know what I'd say anything but I'd say {NW} Interviewer: {NW} 434: {NW} Interviewer: If I- if I said that uh they just dropped a bomb outside what would you say? 434: Well Interviewer: {X} would you ever say land sakes! Or something like that? 434: I don't know what I'd say anything {D: much} Interviewer: {NW} 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 You just run {X} # 434: #1 I can # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: think what to say. Interviewer: If somebody- if somebody- if you'd asked some- somebody to do something and they just went ahead and did something real stupid what might you say about that? 434: You crazy. Interviewer: {NW} Okay. If uh- if somebody if you heard that somebody had said that you had done something really bad or really shocking you might show a kind of resentment by saying well why the- 434: Well I didn't do it. Interviewer: Okay. Would you ever say why the idea! Would you ever heard {D: other} 434: #1 Somebody # Interviewer: #2 people say that? # 434: I would would accuse me of something I didn't do. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would you say- have you ever heard anybody say, why the idea of that! {NS} 434: Well I might have. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. When uh- when you meet somebody what do you say uh to greet him General? The first thing that you see when you see somebody, you'd say well- 434: Good morning. Interviewer: Good morning or- 434: Good afternoon. Interviewer: If you're asking about their health you might say- 434: How do you do? Interviewer: Okay. Alright 434: How do you feel? Or something like that Interviewer: Sure. When somebody's leaving after a short visit General you might tell them to what? 434: Come back. Interviewer: Okay. Or I hope you'll 434: Hope you'll come back to see me. Interviewer: Okay, would you ever say come again? 434: Yeah. Okay. How- how do you greet somebody around uh December twenty-fifth? You'd say to 'em what? Aux: Merry Christmas. Interviewer: You say merry- 434: Merry Christmas. Interviewer: That's right. Okay. Have you ever heard people say anything else? Especially when somebody maybe got up on Christmas morning, the first thing they say when they- 434: Christmas gifts. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: {NW} Interviewer: Yep. Have you ever heard anybody say anything that meant the same thing? 434: I don't know {X} to me there's a- they have so many different ways. Interviewer: Yeah. What would you say to somebody on- on the first of January? You wouldn't say- 434: New Year's gift. Interviewer: Okay. Or you might say happy- 434: Happy New Year. Interviewer: Okay. If uh- if somebody has done something for you and- that you really appreciated you might say well I'm- I'm much 434: Much obliged. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. Okay. General if- if you're not sure whether you'll have time to do something or not but uh you likely will you- you might say well I- I'll have time. 434: I- I'll- don't have time but I will. Interviewer: Okay or- 434: If I have time I will. Interviewer: Okay. Or would you ever say well I think I'll have time to do 434: #1 That's # Interviewer: #2 that. # 434: right. Interviewer: Okay. Alright you might say that uh {B} might say that she had to- has to go downtown to do some 434: Shopping. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And if- if you bought something the store keep- the storekeeper might take a piece of paper and- 434: Write. Interviewer: Okay. Alright and when you get home with the package you have to 434: Open it. Interviewer: Or just 434: Unfold it. Interviewer: Okay if- if he wrapped it you 434: I unwrap it. Interviewer: That's right. Okay. If uh- if this store that you go to has to sell things at uh less than what the storekeeper paid for 'em you'd say that that store is selling at a- If- if he- if he sells something- {NS} if he sells something for less than what he paid for it then you'd say he's selling it at a- 434: At cost. Under a price or something, wouldn't you? Interviewer: Okay. Or maybe at a loss? 434: Yeah. Interviewer: Or something like that? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Doesn't sound like a very good business- 434: # 434: #1 Sure. # Interviewer: #2 {D: does it?} # {NW} 434: They ain't gonna do that though is- Interviewer: No. No not too many 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 stores I know about. # 434: {NW} Interviewer: That's right. Alright General if you were looking at a- at a place uh down the road that sells tractors you'd say {NW} that sure is a nice tractor but I can't buy it because it- 434: Too high. Interviewer: Right. Or it- it cost too much 434: #1 Costs # Interviewer: #2 right? # 434: Too much, that's right. Interviewer: Okay. General if it's- if it's time to pay the bill you say well the bill is 434: Is due. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: But I can't pay it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. I find myself in that situation 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 a lot. # 434: {NW} Interviewer: Yeah. General if a- if a person belongs 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 to- # to a club you say that he has to pay the 434: Dues. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Alright, that's good. If- if you don't have any money General you- you might go to a fie- a friend and try to- 434: Borrow some. Interviewer: Okay. Uh. You know you were telling me yesterday there aren't many good workers around anymore, you might say well good workers are getting mighty- 434: Scarce. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Yeah, have you ever seen anybody maybe down at a- a pond or a swimming pool and they have this- this long board up high and they go out and bounce off that thing? You'd say they're doing what? 434: Diving? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Yeah. You'd say he ran down the springboard and- 434: And {D: dove} in. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Or you might say well- well he just did it you know. Nine or ten of 'em off it already 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 Nine or ten # of 'em did what? 434: {D: Div} in Interviewer: Okay. Right. Alright. What do you call it General when somebody- have you ever seen anybody dive in the water and just land flat on their stomach? What- 434: {X} that's right. They call that a belly buster. Interviewer: It really bust it too. 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Turn it {D: stark} red. # 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # When I did that I threw up a lot of water around me. 434: You tell 'em. Interviewer: {NW} 434: Like a rain {D: right} Interviewer: That's right. Just like a rain. Okay. General have you ever seen anybody- maybe a- a little child out in the yard playing- he'll get down on his head then he'll kick his feet and he'll go over? You'd say he's doing a what? 434: Tumbleset. Interviewer: Okay. Let's see. If uh- if the- if he wanted- if he wanted to get across the river General you'd say that- that he- that he- that he dove in and he 434: Swim-ed across. Interviewer: Okay. And you say those children like to 434: Like to swim. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And you would say well I've- 434: I used to. Interviewer: Okay or I have- 434: I have swim. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. General have you ever heard of uh of when you- you pay your bill down at the store sometimes the- some storekeepers will give you a little present? 434: That's right. Interviewer: What do they call that? 434: Call that giving you a tip. Interviewer: Giving you a tip? Okay. {NS} Alright. Okay General you were telling me when we were riding around a- a while ago about a person who got in the water and did what? You know it killed him? You'd say 434: Drowned-ed. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. And if- if- if I wasn't there I'd say well I didn't see him 434: Drown. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. What is a- what is a baby do before it's able to walk, you say it- 434: Crawl. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. If uh- if you saw something up a tree General and you wanted to take a closer look at it you'd have to go over to the tree and- 434: Go up the tree and look at it. Interviewer: Okay would you ever say that you just- 434: Climbed up. Interviewer: Okay. {NS} You might say well that sure would be a hard tree to 434: Climb. Interviewer: Uh-huh. But- but my neighbor last year he- 434: He climbed it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. But I've never 434: Climbed it. Interviewer: Such a tree and I don't intend to. 434: #1 That's # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # {NW} General if- if I wanted to hide behind a- a low bush you'd say that I'd have to do what? 434: Squat down. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. What does uh- if a little child's gonna say his prayers right before he goes to bed you'd say he goes by- over beside his bed and he 434: Get on his knees. Interviewer: Okay. Okay. Or {NS} I'm- or when he does that you'd say he's 434: Saying his prayers. Interviewer: Okay. Alright if uh- if I say I'm feeling tired I believe I'll go to the bed and- 434: Lay down. Interviewer: Okay. And uh if if I were really sick I couldn't- I couldn't even sit up I'd just had to- I had to- do what in bed? 434: {NS} Have to sit up in bed. Interviewer: Or if- even if I couldn't sit up, if I was just flat on my back I had to- 434: Lay on your side? Interviewer: Okay. Alright. General have you ever when you were asleep {NS} uh sometime- what do people do when they sleep sometimes? When they see thing- 434: Dream. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If uh- but uh- you might say that you can't always remember what you've- 434: Dreamed. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. But y- you might say if you're dreaming say I was dreaming about this but all of a sudden I- 434: #1 Woke # Interviewer: #2 And then # 434: up. Interviewer: Uh-huh and the dream was over with. Okay. If I- if I do this to the floor General what am I doing? I'm- 434: Stomping. Interviewer: Yeah. Okay. Let's see. If I wanted to get a- if I'd been out on the pond in a boat and I wanted to get that boat up on the land I might take me a rope and tie it to the boat and- 434: Draw it to. Interviewer: Okay. 434: Pull it out. Interviewer: Alright. Or if uh- if Edgar got his truck stuck in the mud back there somewhere he might ask me to take my car and get behind him and give him a- 434: Push. Push him out. Interviewer: That's right. Okay. If uh- if you carried a- a real heavy suitcase for a long ways General instead of saying I carried it you might say I- Instead of- 434: Tote it? Interviewer: Okay. Fine. Alright. If uh- if you might tell a child who's close to the stove say might say that stove's real hot don't- 434: Don't touch it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. If you wanted- if you wanted a knife General {NS} and uh you were gonna send somebody for it you say go- Like if there was- if there a knife in that room 434: #1 Yeah # Interviewer: #2 You # wanted 434: go get that knife. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. General what kinda- when you were a little- a little child did you ever play any outdoor games? 434: I played marbles. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: And Interviewer: #1 General # 434: #2 Some # other little old something, I don't know what they call it where you used to play. I can't think of it now. Interviewer: Did you ever play a game where somebody had to hide and the 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 other person had to # find you? 434: What did you call that? {D: Go} hide and somebody find you. Interviewer: Hide and go seek? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Do you remember what uh- what you call the place that you ran for in hide and go seek? You had to get to the- 434: You have to get to the safe place before they touch you. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Do you know what that would 434: #1 What we # Interviewer: #2 be called? # 434: call that? I don't know. Interviewer: {X} Did you ever heard it called uh goal? Or was it- 434: That's right. Interviewer: base or something like that? 434: Yeah you see if you run like {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 somebody else. # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: That's right. Okay. Alright General if- if you threw me a ball I- I'm supposed to do what? 434: Catch it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. If I said well let's meet in town General, if I get there first I'll- 434: Wait for you. Interviewer: Okay. Uh- Let's see. Okay. If- if somebody's just got a smile on his face all the time General and he's got good to s- he's got something good to say about just about everybody you say well he sure seems to be in a good 434: Humor. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. If uh- if you have somebody who works for you General and he just keeps loafing all the time you might have- you might have to uh discharge him you know and you'd say- you might say to a friend of your's well I think I'm gonna get- 434: Get {X} Interviewer: Okay. And uh after you've- after you've uh gotten rid of him he might come back to you and ask- ask you to take him on again- he might say well General just give me 434: Another chance. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. You know have you ever known anybody who really didn't know what was going on at all but- but he- did what? He really didn't know what was going on but he- 434: He'd ask? Interviewer: Okay or would you ever say uh he acted like he knew it all? 434: He'd act like some of them do, act like he didn't know it but he's act like he know it. Interviewer: That's right. Okay. {NS} If uh- if a boy left his- his best pencil out on the table somewhere General and he came back and it wasn't there he might say well I bet somebody 434: Got it. Interviewer: Okay. {NS} Would you ever say some- somebody #1 Stole- # 434: #2 Picked # it up or stole it. Interviewer: Maybe swiped it? 434: That's right, somebody swiped my pencil. Interviewer: Okay. Alright you know if uh- if all of a sudden you think of something you might say well {NS} I'd forgotten about that but now I- 434: Thought of it. Interviewer: Okay. And you might say to me well you must have a better memory than I do because I sure 434: Didn't think of it. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. You might say you know if uh- I might sit down and I might want to get in touch with somebody I hadn't heard from in a long time I just need- I need to sit down and him a letter. I need to- I need to take- 434: Sit down and wait. Interviewer: Or I need to take my pen and- 434: Write. Interviewer: #1 Write a- # 434: #2 Write. # Interviewer: a letter. Okay. And you might say well yesterday he- 434: Wrote me. Interviewer: A letter right. And- and uh tomorrow I'll- 434: Receive. Interviewer: Okay. Or tomorrow I'll write one to him. 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. Fine. And uh after I write him a letter I'll expect a- 434: A hand. Interviewer: Okay. Or maybe I'll expect an answer from him? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. now what do you call it General when you- after you've written the letter and you take the envelope and you- and you- and you take your pen and you do what to it? 434: Address it. Interviewer: Okay. {NS} And uh- I say well I want to write to him but I can't remember his- 434: Address. Interviewer: Yeah. Okay. If uh- if uh- if a little boy has learned something new General like you know for instance if he's just learned to whistle you might say you might wanna know where he learned that and you would say well who- 434: Who'd you learn- to whistle? Or when did you- who did you learn it from? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Alright uh- if somebody asks you if you've put up that new fence you been thinking about putting up yet and you say well no but I- pretty soon. I- 434: I will put it up. Interviewer: Okay. Or maybe I- I mean to. 434: #1 And # Interviewer: #2 Or- # 434: uh may intend to put it up Interviewer: Yeah. 434: but if I ain't put it up. Interviewer: Right. Okay. Uh- General What do- what do uh- what do children call uh somebody who's always running around and telling on 'em? They call- 434: Tattler. Interviewer: Tattler. Alright. Okay. Does uh- have you ever heard of what women do or- {X} maybe men too when they just sit around and they talk about other folks behind their back you say- 434: Gossiping. Interviewer: Does gossip mean the same thing 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 as tattle? # 434: That's right. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Uh if you wanted to brighten up your room a little bit General you might tell Vera to go out and pick a few 434: Flowers. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. What uh- what might- what's something that a- a child might play with? You'd say uh- well that- I need to buy- go out and buy this little child a- 434: Doll? Interviewer: A doll okay or a- a- just call it a- a toy maybe? 434: Some little toy or something to play with. Interviewer: Okay. Have you ever uh- have you ever heard anybody use the word play-pretty? Aux: Uh-huh- 434: Sure have. Interviewer: Does it mean the 434: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 same thing? # 434: {X} Interviewer: It means the same thing as toy? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. General if- if something had happened that you expected to happen or you might have predicted it or something like that or you were afraid it was going to happen and uh- for example if uh- if a little child hurt himself while he was doing something he shouldn't have been doing you might say after you heard it well 434: I told you. Interviewer: Okay. Okay. What about uh- if I have something that you need right now {NS} you might- and- you need it right now you'd say 434: Give me. Interviewer: Okay. And uh- and I- I might say talking about giving me something I might say well that's the book that you- that's the book that you- If you presented me with the book 434: Yeah. Interviewer: and you see me with it 434: Yes. Interviewer: you say isn't that the book I- 434: Presented you? #1 That's the book I give you. # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: Yeah right. Okay. Alright. Talking about what it did today General uh outside in the weather you might say well I sure am glad I carried my umbrella. We hadn't gone but a little piece when it- 434: Start raining. Interviewer: Okay. Aux: Stop. {X} stop. Interviewer: Started raining? 434: Started raining. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. Alright. Alright you know General when- when horses are are moving rapidly they- you say they gallop. Alright horses gallop but people do what? When they want to get somewhere in a hurry. They don't just walk they- 434: They run. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You might say that- they have a mile everyday. They've 434: They was in a hurry or something Interviewer: #1 Or they've- # 434: #2 {D: like that} # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # {X} they running, there's something or other they in a hurry. Interviewer: Right. Okay. If you don't know where a- a man's was born General you might ask well where does he- from? Where does he- 434: Where was he born at? Where was he from? Interviewer: Alright would you ever say where does he come from? 434: Yeah. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 434: #2 Yeah. # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # Interviewer: And uh- after you ask that- after you ask where somebody- where did he come from some might say well well he- in on the train last night. He- 434: Got on the train last night. Interviewer: Alright but if he's- if he's moving into town by the train he- Aux: Came in last night. Interviewer: Would you ever say he came in? 434: Came in last night. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. If you notice somebody outside- outside the house a few minutes ago General you might say well I thought I 434: Saw you. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And you might say if this person's about to leave I hope to- 434: See you again. Interviewer: Okay. I hope to see you again because we've- so little of you before. We've- 434: That's right. Interviewer: We've done what? I hope to see you again because we've so little of you before 434: That's right. I- I didn't- {NW} It's like I didn't have chance to s- to spend no time with him. Interviewer: Right. 434: I hope to see you again. Interviewer: Because we haven't- 434: That's- haven't uh spent much time Interviewer: #1 Okay or # 434: #2 together. # Interviewer: we haven't seen you much? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Alright. General have you ever seen the highway department out on the road and they you know- working on the road you might say to somebody well you can't get through there, the high- highway department's got all those machines in there and they've got- and the roads all- 434: Blocked. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. If uh you give somebody a- a bracelet General, might give a little girl a bracelet and and after you've given it to her you might say to her well why don't you 434: Wear your bracelet. Interviewer: Or why don't you Aux: Put it on. 434: Put it on. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Alright. {NS} If you're out there {NS} uh chopping wood {NS} you might turn to me and say well can you- the same thing I'm doing- 434: Chop wood? Interviewer: Alright. 434: Can you chop wood? Interviewer: Alright or can you do this? 434: Yeah. Interviewer: Alright. And I might say sure I've I've- 434: I have chopped wood. Interviewer: Or I have- that before. I- 434: That's right. I've done it before. Interviewer: Okay fine. If you're- if you're just sitting around with somebody General and uh- and you're- and you're not saying anything and all of a sudden he says what'd you say? You might say- 434: I ain't said nothing. Interviewer: Alright. Anybody ever- 434: Yeah. Interviewer: #1 thought you said something # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 before General? # 434: #2 Somebody went # to sleep like I did you know and woke up and thought they said something. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Uh- If- if- you've heard of uh- if you heard of somebody doing something really peculiar you might say, if somebody told you about it why I've never heard of- 434: {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. And uh- if uh you were telling me that your family {NS} has lived in Briar Hill for a lo- f- for all their lives you- you might say well my family has- has- 434: Has left Briar Hill. Interviewer: Or if they're- 434: Or they was {NS} raised in Briar Hill Interviewer: Okay. If they- they've- they've- they've been here just- it seems forever 434: {X} Interviewer: you say they've- say they've always been here? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. Alright you might say- a- a person might say General when he was trying to ride a horse well I got thrown one time and I been scared of horses ever- 434: Ever since. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. If you say that somebody didn't do it- say it wasn't an accident. He did it- 434: On purpose. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. Uh and if somebody wants to find out something General you might say well I don't know you better 434: See so and so. Interviewer: Or you better- I don't know about that, I can't tell you about that you better 434: Ask some- Interviewer: Yeah. 434: somebody else. Interviewer: Okay. And- so- so you did and you- 434: Found out. Interviewer: Okay. Or- or you might say if you're getting tired of that well don't ask me that, you've several time- already, you've- 434: That's right, you done asked me that two or three time. Interviewer: Right. Alright if- if two pe- if two men just don't like each other much at all General you might say well it seems like every time they meet they- 434: Argue. Interviewer: Or they- 434: That's right. Interviewer: If they- 434: {D: Driving} one another. Interviewer: Alright. Or they fight each other? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. Tho- you might say those boys just really like to fight {X} they've- ever since I've known 'em they've- 434: Been fighting. Interviewer: Okay. Alright General if- if somebody took a knife {NS} and did that to you you'd say that he- 434: Stabbed me. Interviewer: Okay. Or- you know if the teacher comes into the school room and there's a real funny picture that some- that's up there on the blackboard she might ask well who- 434: Put that up there. Interviewer: Okay or- or maybe who- what would you call it if you were up there doing something like that? I was making a picture, you might say I'm- 434: Marking? Interviewer: Okay or- uh she might ask who drew that? 434: That's- Interviewer: Okay. 434: drawing! Interviewer: Alright. If uh- if somebody was going to lift something like a great big piece of machinery and they had to lift it all the way up on a roof General you might- {X} they might have to use a pulley bo- blocks and a rope to do what? 434: Pull it up. Interviewer: Okay. Have you ever heard anybody say that you need the block and tackle to 434: That's right. That's- Aux: #1 Pull it # 434: #2 right. # Aux: way up. Interviewer: Would you ever say hoist it up? 434: #1 I ain't never # Interviewer: #2 You ever heard that? # 434: heard that on the block and tackle {X} pull it up. Interviewer: Just pull it up? 434: That's right. Interviewer: And not hoist? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. Do some counting for me. Okay? How about just counting from one to twenty? Slowly. 434: One. Two. Three. Four. Five. Six. Seven. Eight. Nine. Ten. Eleven. Twelve. Thirteen. Fourteen. Fifteen. Sixteen. Seventeen. Eighteen. Nineteen. Twenty. Interviewer: Okay. What's the number after twenty-six General? 434: Twenty-seven. Interviewer: Okay what's the number after twenty-nine? 434: Thirty. Interviewer: Uh-huh, what's the number after thirty-nine? 434: Forty. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What's the number after sixty-nine? 434: Seventy. Interviewer: What's the number after ninety-nine? 434: Hundred. Interviewer: What's the number after nine hundred and ninety-nine? 434: N- nine hundred and ninety-nine? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: That's n- that's- that's nine hundred and- and ninety-nine ain't it? Interviewer: It'd be a- a thousand. 434: Thousand and nine. Ninety. Interviewer: Okay a thousand. 434: Yeah. Interviewer: Alright uh. Have you ever heard of uh- of uh- a million of anything General? 434: A million? Interviewer: Uh-h- 434: I've heard of peoples having a million dollars. Interviewer: Okay. General what's the day of the month that the bills are due for most people? 434: What's the day of the month they do what now? Interviewer: That the bills are due. 434: October. First. Interviewer: The first of the month? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay what's the day after the first, you'd say it's the- 434: Second. Interviewer: And the day after that? 434: Third. Interviewer: And the day 434: #1 Fourth. # Interviewer: #2 after that? # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 434: Fifth. Six. Seven. Eight. Nine. Ten. Interviewer: Okay good. Alright uh General sometimes you might feel that you get your good luck just a little bit at a time but it seems like your bad luck comes- 434: Before? Interviewer: Or if- if- if you just get a little bit of your good luck coming at a time 434: Yeah. Interviewer: It seems like it- it happens that way but your bad luck just- 434: All piles in at once. Interviewer: That's right. {NW} 434: That's right. Interviewer: Alright General if uh if last year I got twenty bushels of corn to the acre and this year I got forty bushels I'd say that this year's crop was- 434: Was uh better than last year's crop. Interviewer: As a matter of fact it- 434: #1 It- it- # Interviewer: #2 it'd be- # 434: {D: deuced} it more. Interviewer: If I got forty- if I got uh forty bushels this year 434: And twenty Interviewer: and twenty last year then this year my crop was- 434: Double. Interviewer: #1 Alright or- # 434: #2 From what # it was. Interviewer: Or you say its'- as good it's- 434: It's better. Interviewer: Twice as good. 434: Twice as good. Interviewer: Right okay. What's the first month of the year General? 434: January. Interviewer: And after that? 434: February. March. April. May. June. July. August. September. And uh Oc- no- Novemb- October! Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: #1 No- # Interviewer: #2 And then- # 434: and December. Interviewer: Alright. This month is what? 434: It's October. Interviewer: Well- 434: This is- this is October. Interviewer: What's after October? 434: December. Interviewer: What about November? 434: {NS} November. Interviewer: I think this- 434: This is- Interviewer: this is 434: #1 This is coming- # Interviewer: #2 November. # 434: this is November Interviewer: #1 Right. # 434: #2 now. # Interviewer: Right. 434: This next month's December. Interviewer: Okay right, today is uh today's Thursday General so tomorrow is- 434: Friday. Interviewer: And the day after that? 434: Saturday. Sunday. Monday. Tuesday. Wednesday. Thursday. Interviewer: O- 434: Friday. Interviewer: Okay good. Alright General when- if you met somebody at about eleven oh clock in the morning or eleven o'clock in- in the daytime what would you say to 'em? You'd say good- 434: Good morning. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. What's the latest time of the day that you'd tell anybody good morning? 434: Eleven o'clock. Interviewer: Okay. 434: You tell 'em good evening at twelve. Interviewer: Okay if you were leaving somebody in the morning what would you say to 'em? 434: I'd- {NW} let's see. In the morning. Interviewer: Uh-huh. if you- if you see him you say good morning. When- 434: Goodbye to you. Interviewer: Okay. Fine. Alright uh what do you call the part of the day after you stop saying good morning? 434: Evening. Interviewer: Okay. How about- how long does the evening last? 434: About four hours. Interviewer: Uh-huh. okay. You'd said you'd- that when you leave people you just say goodbye. 434: Goodbye. Interviewer: Have you ever- would you ever say good day to somebody? 434: I have said that, good day. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. uh alright. what are- what are the uh the names of the meals that you eat General, in the morning you eat what? 434: Breakfast. Interviewer: And then after breakfast you eat what? 434: Dinner. Interviewer: And then after that- 434: Supper. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. Uh what would you say to somebody uh if you're telling 'em goodbye if you're leaving their house at night? 434: Goodnight. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If you were- if you were meeting them at night what would you say to 'em? 434: Well I wouldn't {D: have no}- how are you- tonight? Interviewer: Okay. Fine. Alright uh. General on the farm you start to work before daylight. So you'd say that we started to work before when? 434: Before day. Interviewer: Before day? Okay. Would you ever say uh before sunrise? 434: Before sunrise or before day. Interviewer: Okay. Alright General if uh- if we were a little late this morning when we started out in the field and the sun had already done what? 434: You say you're a little late this morning. Interviewer: Yeah because the sun had already- 434: Sun is up. Interviewer: Alright. Sun's up. 434: Right. Interviewer: Or you might say I got up real early and saw the sun 434: That's right. Interviewer: do what? 434: Rise. Interviewer: Okay. Or when we had gotten up the sun had already 434: {D: Risen} The sun was up when I got {X} this morning. Interviewer: Okay fine. Alright uh if you- if a person worked until the sun went out of sight General you'd say that he worked until 434: Til night. Interviewer: Okay or until the- when you call it- 434: The sun went down. Interviewer: Alright. Did you ever just- would you ever say sunset? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Or sundown? 434: Sundown that's what- Interviewer: Okay. 434: It's the sundown, and work 'til sundown. Interviewer: Alright. General if uh- if today is Thursday then Wednesday was- If today is Thursday then Wednesday was- 434: Would be- today is Thursday? Well Wednesday was Interviewer: If you- 434: before Thursday wasn't it? Interviewer: Right if you referred to something that happened the other day on Wednesday you'd say well that happened 434: Last Wednesday. Interviewer: Well if it was just the day before this one. 434: Yeah. Interviewer: If it was- you'd say that happened- 434: Wednesday. Interviewer: Would you ever say yesterday? 434: Yester- Interviewer: #1 Just yesterday. # 434: #2 day. # That's right. Interviewer: Okay. 434: Just happened yesterday. Interviewer: Okay. {NS} Let's see. Alright General if- if somebody uh came here on- on Sunday before this past Sunday you'd say he was here- 434: Last Sunday. Interviewer: Okay. Or would you ever- would you ever say Sunday a week ago? 434: That's right. Sunday was a week ago. Interviewer: Okay. And if he's gonna- if he's gonna leave a week past this coming Sunday you'd say he's gonna leave- 434: This- a week before? Leave a week after this one. Sunday. Interviewer: Alright okay. Alright if- if somebody stayed from about the first of the month to the fifteenth of the month you'd say that he stayed about how long? 434: About the middle of the month. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would you ever say he stayed about a fortnight? 434: About which? Interviewer: A fortnight? {NW} 434: Well I don't know it. Interviewer: You wouldn't say that? 434: I- I wouldn't say that. Interviewer: Okay. Alright so if- if today is- if Thursday is today then Friday's gonna be- 434: Tomorrow. Interviewer: Right okay. Uh {NS} if you wanna know what- what time it is General you'd ask somebody 434: What time is it? Interviewer: Okay. Uh and after- after you ask them what time it is- what time it is he'd say well I'll have to look at my- 434: Watch. Interviewer: Right okay. Alright uh General if it's- talking about time if it's midway between seven- seven oh clock and eight oh clock you'd say it's what? 434: Quarter. Interviewer: If it's midway. 434: Midway? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Between seven and eight? Interviewer: Uh-huh. You'd say it's what? 434: I'd say it's uh- quarter 'til eight. Interviewer: Would you ever say it's half past eight? 434: Half past eight. {NS} Interviewer: Okay. 434: Well you see half past eight would be thirty minutes, wouldn't it? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Well I'd say it was half past eight. Interviewer: Alright if it's about- {NS} well that's okay. Uh if your bi- if you been doing something for a long time General you might say well I've been doing that for quite 434: A while. Interviewer: Quite a while, okay. Alright General if- if nineteen seventy-five was uh last year then nineteen seventy-six is 434: This year. Interviewer: Right. Okay. Alright uh- how old did you say your dog was General? 434: He's about two year old. Interviewer: Okay. Something that happened about this time last year General you'd say it happened- 434: Last year. Interviewer: Okay or happened a year ago? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. If you look up in the sky General and you say well I don't like the looks of those black 434: Clouds. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. And if you look up in the sky and there aren't any clouds around you might say well I believe we're gonna have a- 434: Fair day. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. And if- if it's not a- if it's not a nice day and the sun isn't shining and it's not bright you'd say it's a- 434: It's a cloudy day. Interviewer: Okay. If uh- if the clouds are getting thicker and thicker General and and you figure you're gonna have some rain or something you'd say the weather's- 434: The weather's looking like rain. Interviewer: Okay or- would you ever say the weather's changing or- 434: Changing, that's right. Interviewer: or something like that? 434: {X} Interviewer: Okay. But uh {NS} if- if the clouds {D: will} beginning to open up General and you could see- you could see a blue sky and and the sun was beginning to shine you'd say well I believe it's finally- 434: Clearing off. Interviewer: Okay. Would- would you say anything else other than clearing off? 434: Fair off or anything Interviewer: #1 Fair off # 434: #2 {X} # Interviewer: Okay. Okay good. Alright uh General if you get a- if you get a heavy rain around here or a hard rain and if you've had just- if you had almost an inch of rain in just an hour you'd say you had a regular what? 434: Gully washer. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Would you say anything else besides gullywasher? 434: Heavy rain. Interviewer: Okay. Would you ever say a cloudburst? 434: Well sometime we'd say that. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: Cloudburst. Interviewer: Or a down- 434: #1 But then # Interviewer: #2 pour maybe? # 434: some folks would say the bottom fell out. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 434: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: That's right, if it rained an inch in a h- i- 434: #1 That's right. # Interviewer: #2 inch in an # hour wouldn't it? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. Well if there's- if there's a lot of lightning popping around uh too General along with the wind and the rain you'd say we had a what? 434: Thunder storm. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay, what would you call it if you had uh lightning popping around without any rain? 434: Well I don't know what we'd call that isn't it this heat. Interviewer: Okay. If uh- you know that house you showed me when we were over in Briar Hill? 434: That's right. Interviewer: The wind came along and just did what? 434: Blow-ed it down. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 434: #2 Tore # it up. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. That w- that was uh- that was just a- do you have bad winds like that very often around here? 434: Not too often. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 434: It tore down three houses {X} right here. Interviewer: Okay. General if- if the wind's coming from that direction back there which direction is it coming from? 434: Coming from south. Interviewer: Okay. And if it's uh- if you- if you have a wind halfway between the south and the west what do you have? What kinda wind is that? 434: Well I don't know what we'd {X} Interviewer: Would you just call it a southwest wind? 434: Call it a southwest win- wind. Interviewer: Okay how about a wind halfway between the south and the east? 434: Well we'd call that the same thing. Interviewer: Call it what? 434: Half Interviewer: Just a south 434: #1 Southeast # Interviewer: #2 east wind? # 434: wind. Interviewer: Okay what about halfway between the north and the east? 434: {X} North and- and uh east Interviewer: Okay. 434: wind. Interviewer: #1 And then- # 434: #2 Mixing. # Interviewer: Between 434: #1 between, that's right. # Interviewer: #2 the north and the west you get what? # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 434: That's right. Interviewer: Northwest wind? Okay. Alright General if it's uh {NW} if you- if you had a rain that didn't last very long what would you call it? If it didn't- 434: Shower. Interviewer: Just a shower? Okay. If it- if it's not- if it's not even as much as a shower you know it just barely laid the dust down what would you call that? 434: Sprinkle. Interviewer: Just a sprinkle? Okay. Uh what about- would you call the kind of rain that might've been coming down and- and you could walk a mile in it and just hardly get wet what would you call that? 434: Well I'd call that a light sprinkle. Interviewer: Just a sprinkle? 434: Just a sprinkle. Interviewer: Okay. Alright General if- if you got up in the morning and you couldn't- and you couldn't see across the road, you know it was like this when we were riding back you say that- what would you- what would you say that is? We're riding through the- through the what? 434: Cloud. Interviewer: Cloud or is there any other word? 434: Da- uh, is there fog. Interviewer: Uh-huh. And you'd say it's uh- 434: Foggy. Interviewer: Right. Okay. Good. Alright General if you g- if you've gone a couple of weeks without rain what would you call that? You say we're having a- 434: Having a drought. Interviewer: Okay. Now if you have a- if you get a dry spell and it lasts about six weeks, you know long enough to hurt the crops 434: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Then what would you call that? 434: I'd call that a- uh I forget now what we call that. Interviewer: {X} You- you might- you might hope for a you might pray to have a dry spell but you wouldn't pray to have a- 434: Uh- I don't know what that's called. Interviewer: Called a drought? 434: That's the only thing is burn up the crops. Interviewer: Uh-huh. You don't wanna- you might wanna have a dry spell for a while 434: # 434: #1 but you wouldn't # Interviewer: #2 but you don't want to have- # 434: want to have {D: a drought} like that. Interviewer: #1 Okay- # 434: #2 Parch # up stuff. Interviewer: Alright. General if- if the wind has been very calm and gentle but it's gradually getting stronger you'd say the wind's doing what? 434: Calm down Interviewer: Well if it's getting stronger. 434: Oh oh the wind is getting rough. Interviewer: Okay. And uh- if it's just the opposite- if the wind has been real strong but it's getting weaker and weaker 434: Weaker and weaker. Interviewer: Then you'd 434: #1 Say it was # Interviewer: #2 say it's what? # 434: calm down. The wind has slowed down. Interviewer: Okay. Alright. {NS} Alright General if uh- say one morning in the fall you might go outdoors and you find it's- it's- it's kinda cold but it's not real disagreeable cold you know it's kinda like weather you- weather you like to be out in you'd say well this morning it's kind of- 434: Cool. Interviewer: Just kinda cool? 434: That's right. Interviewer: Okay. Alright uh if you get up in the morning and there's a real light white coating on the ground you'd say you had a what overnight? 434: {D: It's} frost? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. And uh you might say it was so cold last night that the lake- 434: Froze over. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. If it gets much colder tonight the pond might- same thing. If it gets much colder tonight the pond might- 434: Might freeze? Interviewer: Uh-huh. And it h- it had- before I got out 434: #1 That's # Interviewer: #2 there- # 434: right. Interviewer: it had what? 434: Froze. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Okay. Alright {NW} General I believe that's about got it. Unless you want to sing me a song or something. {NW} 434: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 434: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 434: I'll sing you a song. Interviewer: You want to? 434: Gimme the guitar Interviewer: Alright. 434: I'll sing Interviewer: #1 I'll sure do it. # 434: #2 you a song. # Interviewer: #1 # 434: #2 # {C: Speaker is playing the guitar and singing!}