Interviewer:  How now brown calf. This is Eleanor Holmes. {C: should be beeped} The date is July the ninth, nineteen seventy-six. I'm trying to record you in a thunderstorm. The informant lives in
446:  Damascus.
Interviewer:  County.
446:  {D: Escandia}
Interviewer:  State.
446:  Alabama.
Interviewer:  The informant's name is {NS}. Address.
446:  Route {NS}.
Interviewer:  Birthplace.
446:  Damascas.
Interviewer:  Age.
446:  fifty-nine.
Interviewer:  Sex.
446:  Female.
Interviewer:  Race.
446:  White.
Interviewer:  Occupation.
446:  Social service aid.
Interviewer:  Religion.
446:  Church of Christ.
Interviewer:  Eduction.
446:  High school diploma.
Interviewer:  Okay Parents birthplace, mother.
446:  Damascus.
Interviewer:  Father.
446:  Damascus.
Interviewer:  Parents education, mother.
446:  Sixth grade. {NS}
Interviewer:  {NS}Father.
446:  Fourth.
Interviewer:  Parents occupation, mother.
446:  Housewife and farmer.
Interviewer:  Father.
446:  Fath- a farmer
Interviewer:  Okay, the maternal grandparents. The birthplace.
446:  Damascus.
Interviewer:  How much education?
446:  Very little.
Interviewer:  Okay and occupation.
446:  Farmer.
Interviewer:  Fraternal grandparents were born
446:  Damascus.
Interviewer:  How much education?
446:  Very little.
Interviewer:  Okay and occupation.
446:  Farmer.
Interviewer:  Uh spouse is is deceased right? Okay. The race.
446:  White.
Interviewer:  Religion.
446:  Church of Christ.
Interviewer:  Education.
446:  8th grade.
Interviewer:  Okay. Parental ancestry.
446:  European.
Interviewer:  {D: Okay.} Would you tell us something about Damascus community. The way it is now, the way it used to be when you were growing up.
446:  Well when I was growing up There were a lot of young people We had a high school and we didn't most of the children would have to walk. Some would have to walk as far at three miles. And then later on when I got in about the sixth grade we had school buses to pick us up but we would still have to walk about a mile to catch the school bus. And then um {NS} I rode the school bus until I got in through the eleventh grade. And then uh Damascus school wasn't an accredited school so I went to Evergreen and graduated at Evergreen um school.
Interviewer:  How far away was Evergreen?
446:  It's about twenty five miles. I stayed with my aunt at Hubbard, Alabama and she she lived about twelve miles from Evergreen. And then I came back home and just. {NW}
Interviewer:  When did you get married?
446:  I got married in about two years after I graduated. I was eighteen when I graduated and I got married when I was twenty. And then uh.
Interviewer:  How many children do you have?
446:  Three.
Interviewer:  and.
446:  But I was married about ten years before I had my first one.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay #
446:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 tell us about your #
446:  #2 so #
Interviewer:  three children.
446:  Well they went to school at Damascus then and uh up in after they got up to about the ninth grade my the school was transferred to Bruton from the ninth grade through the twelfth.
Interviewer:  #1 And how far is Bruton from that #
446:  #2 And, that's seventeen miles. #
Interviewer:  #1 That's the county seat, right? #
446:  #2 That's the county seat. # And uh then I, I was working in the lunch room at that time and I I worked on through about I worked on through about nine years until Damascus school was done away with and then they all had to go to Bruton.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now you have a boy and two girls, right?
446:  I have yes.
Interviewer:  #1 okay #
446:  #2 and uh # the, the boy went to he finished school at {D:Douglas Leah Rou} and then he went to Auburn and he liked about two quarters of graduating and then joined the navy. So he never did graduate. And I had, uh my oldest daughter went to Auburn and she graduated in elementary education. My youngest daughter went she likes uh ten hours of graduating and she married {NW}.
Interviewer:  And I understand you're going to be a grandparent three times.
446:  Three times.
Interviewer:  #1 Pretty soon, right? yeah #
446:  #2 Pretty soon. #
Interviewer:  Are you looking for boys and girls or does it make any difference?
446:  Well it really doesn't make any difference.
Interviewer:  Did uh a- at one time was Damascus community a thriving community for instance
446:  #1 Yes it was #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
446:  #1 it had a gin #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
446:  and two stores and sawmills.
Interviewer:  What about churches?
446:  And it had several churches.
Interviewer:  Are all the churches still in existence?
446:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Okay.
446:  But the gin is not. And the stores and sawmills. We have two stores but they're down on the high twenty-nine highway. about two or three miles from here.
Interviewer:  When you were growing up did just about everybody farm in this area?
446:  Yes.
Interviewer:  But now a lot of people drive into Bruton and Evergreen to work, is that right?
446:  And then there's not any young people here anymore just very few. The teenagers but there's a few younger children.
Interviewer:  Okay, you've drawn a floor plan of the house that you lived in when you were growing up. Will you tell us about the rooms and how it was built at first and then how it was added onto and changed later.
446:  Well at first it was just a a big house with a wide hall through the middle. With a porch all the way across the front. And it had a bedroom, dining room, and a kitchen on the left and on the right it had a big bedroom on the front and then a little a little room behind that bedroom. That and uh
Interviewer:  Now all the rooms open into the open hall.
446:  All of them opened into the hall. And then it had a back porch it was a L L shaped house.
Interviewer:  Did any of the rooms have locks on it where you could lock it up or did you ever lock anything up then?
446:  Well I I um, we had uh locks to the kitchen.
Interviewer:  But you didn't have locks anywhere else?
446:  No. And then later the hole was closed up and just had a a glass door in the front. And in the back of the hall it was closed up and made a bathroom.
Interviewer:  #1 So you had an opened back porch and a opened front porch? #
446:  #2 Still had an opened back porch and a open front porch. #
Interviewer:  Okay. Do you remember what kinds of buildings you had around your house?
446:  We had uh two barns and back in those days they were called cribs. And to kept corn and beans and peanuts. Fodder and all sorts of that end. And chicken house.
Interviewer:  Did you always have a chicken house or did the chickens run loose in the yard?
446:  No. We always had a chicken house.
Interviewer:  Did you have smokehouses?
446:  We had chicken house but still the chickens run loose in yard. It would be where they would stay at night.
Interviewer:  #1 Oh #
446:  #2 #
Interviewer:  #1 It wasn't fenced in just the chicken house. #
446:  #2 No, uh huh. #
Interviewer:  Uh, did you have a smokehouse?
446:  Yes, we had a smokehouse.
Interviewer:  Did you have a place where you stored potatoes, sweet potatoes?
446:  Yes.
Interviewer:  And was it built? Was it half underground?
446:  Um little bit underground but it was built out of lumber and had a it's kind of like a little house.
Interviewer:  mm
446:  Had a little roof on it.
Interviewer:  Did you have any other kinds of houses? Before your bathroom you had an outdoor toilet didn't you?
446:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Okay,what did you call that?
446:  The toilet {NW}
Interviewer:  Okay, you've also drawn a sketch the house that you've lived in since right after you married. Would you uh name the rooms for me then.
446:  Oh, had a front porch and it went in to the living room. And then there was a bedroom two bedrooms on the left. And on the right there was the living room, dining room, and kitchen. And then out on the extreme left of the back bedroom there was another bedroom which made the three bedrooms. And then right on the back the bathroom. We didn't have a bathroom to start with so that made us have to take in the back porch later for our bathroom and a utility room and then we build another porch all the way across that.
Interviewer:  Okay, how did you heat the house that you were growing up in?
446:  With chimneys.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
446:  #2 Yeah. There's a # chimney to the kitchen. {D: Bedroom.}
Interviewer:  Okay. #1 And you heated with wood. Did #
446:  #2 And it went to the bedroom. uh huh #
Interviewer:  you ever use coal?
446:  no
Interviewer:  How's it heated now?
446:  With gas. And they still use the fireplace
Interviewer:  #1 You use the fireplace and same gas. #
446:  #2 {D: to stay} #
Interviewer:  Was the kitchen heated with a wood stove?
446:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Okay. It uh what kind of stove did your mother use now?
446:  Uh electric
Interviewer:  Uh when you built the house that you moved in when you were first married how was it heated?
446:  With wood. With fireplace.
Interviewer:  Okay, and then you have gas now?
446:  Yes.
Interviewer:  How long have you had gas?
446:  Um about ten years.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh In a house the smoke goes up through the.
446:  Chimney.
Interviewer:  Would you have a different name for a similar thing in a factory? Would you call it a chimney or would you call it something else? You called it a chimney.
446:  Chimney.
Interviewer:  Okay. The open place on the floor in front of a fireplace is called what? That's flat on the floor right in front of the fire place.
446:  The hearth.
Interviewer:  Okay. In the fire place you have those little iron thing that you put your logs on. What do you call those? What did you call those when you were growing up?
446:  Fire logs.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um. Up above the fireplace you had a place where you could set pictures and faces on, what did you call that?
446:  Mantle.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it anything else?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it anything like fireboard or mantle board?
446:  The mantle, mantle board.
Interviewer:  But, did you? That's the only term you ever used.
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  The big round piece of wood there is put in the back of the fireplace, what did you call that? Did you have a special name for it? Did you ever call it a backlog?
446:  No. I don't remember. {X}
Interviewer:  Let's see. Uh What would you call the pieces of wood that you put in the fireplace? Of the pieces of wood, would you call that something else?
446:  {NS} {NS} A log.
Interviewer:  Okay. What would you call the kind of wood you used to start fires with?
446:  Kindling.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um. How bout something that you got from a pine tree did you call it kindling or did you call it something else?
446:  Splinters.
Interviewer:  Did you call it something else other than splinters? Did you ever call it lighters?
446:  Yes. Lighter.
Interviewer:  A lightered knot.
446:  lightered knots. Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it lightening wood?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  Um. What do you call the black that forms in the chimney? On the back part of the chimney if you ever find any of that black stuff hanging, what did you call it?
446:  We always called it smut.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh,what was left in the fireplace when the fire went out? What did you call that? The residue after the bottom.
446:  Ashes.
Interviewer:  Okay, did you ever call it something.
446:  Coal. #1 Firecoal. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Okay. Did you ever refer to the ashes as a certain kind of ashes? Did you ever call it white ashes.
446:  If we burned oak we did.
Interviewer:  Okay. And you, we called it what if you burned oak.
446:  White ashes.
Interviewer:  Okay. What am I sitting in?
446:  chair.
Interviewer:  What is that long piece of furniture in there that you sit on?
446:  couch.
Interviewer:  Do you ever call it anything else? Other than couch.
446:  Sofa.
Interviewer:  Okay. Did you, when you were growing up did you call it something different from sofa or couch.
446:  Davenport.
Interviewer:  Okay. Any other names for it? Um. The piece of furniture in your bedroom that has drawers in it, you put your clothes in. What do you call that?
446:  Dresser.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um. The room where you sleep in is called what?
446:  Bedroom.
Interviewer:  These tables, chairs, and sofas the china cabinet. What do you call that?
446:  Furniture.
Interviewer:  The things hanging at the window to keep the light out.
446:  Shades.
Interviewer:  Okay. Do you ever call them anything else other than shades? Is that the only thing you ever call them?
446:  Mm-hmm Curtains or blinds?
Interviewer:  Okay. Well the ones that go up and down okay. A little room off the bedroom to hang up your clothes in.
446:  Closet.
Interviewer:  If you didn't have a built in closet what did you put your clothes in when you were growing up?
446:  just hung them on the side of the wall.
Interviewer:  On a nail?
446:  On a nail.
Interviewer:  Hmm Uh, the room at the top of the house just under the roof is called what?
446:  The attic.
Interviewer:  The room that you cook in is called?
446:  Kitchen.
Interviewer:  What do you call the little room off the kitchen where you store canned goods and extra dishes. If you have that.
446:  Pantry.
Interviewer:  What do you call a lot old worthless things that you were about to throw away? You have a bunch of say discarded furniture and old dishes and it's not even used to you anymore and you're about to throw it away you say I'm going to throw away this pile of.
446:  Junk.
Interviewer:  Do you call it anything other than junk?
446:  Trash.
Interviewer:  Okay, anything else? Is that what you would call it?
446:  I reckon.{NW}
Interviewer:  What would you call a room that is used to store odds and ends in. And extra room that you would put things that you didn't necessarily want company to see. What would you call that kind of room? What did you call this room on your the first house you lived in this little room sometimes did you refer to it as something else?
446:  The little side room or the little room.
Interviewer:  Did you ever refer to it as the junk room?
446:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Speaking of daily housework you say a women does what every morning? When you sweep and dust and put things right what do you say your doing?
446:  Cleaning the house.
Interviewer:  Okay. What do you sweep with?
446:  broom.
Interviewer:  Years ago on Monday usually women did their.
446:  Washing.
Interviewer:  On Tuesdays, what did they do?
446:  Ironing.
Interviewer:  What might you call both ironing and washing together. You say I'm doing the. If you're doing both washing and ironing and you're referring to it as one thing you say I'm doing the. Did you just refer to it simply as doing the washing and ironing?
446:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh. The place in town where a bachelor might have his shirts done would be called what?
446:  cleaners.
Interviewer:  Okay. How do you get from the first floor up to the second floor in a two story house?
446:  stairs.
Interviewer:  What is built outside the house to walk on and put chairs on? This thing that goes across the front of the house that's open, what do you call that?
446:  The porch.
Interviewer:  Uh huh. Did you ever call it anything else?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  Okay. Can you have a porch on more than one floor? If you got a two story house would you call the upper if you had a thing above your bottom porch would you call that a porch up there too? Or would you have another name for it? What would you call the one upstairs? Would it still be a porch?
446:  It'd still be a porch to me.
Interviewer:  If the door is open and you don't want it that way you would tell someone to do what to the door?
446:  Close the door.
Interviewer:  mm What would you call the boards on the outside of the house that lap over each other?
446:  Drop siding
Interviewer:  Okay. If you were doing some carpentry nailing in the boards somewhere you'd say, I took the hammer and I did what to the nail? If you're going to hit a nail you're going to do what?
446:  Hit it. #1 Nail it. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Okay, do you use another word for it? I did something to the nail I blank it in.
446:  drive it in.
Interviewer:  Okay. If a nail ripped your stocking you took a hammer and did what to the nail? Okay. If we're still talking about the same nail would you say I, I drove the nail in?
446:  #1 {D: Yeah.} #
Interviewer:  #2 is that- # Okay.
446:  I I drived the nail in.
Interviewer:  Okay.
446:  ripped my stocking.
Interviewer:  {D: Okay.} I want to hang something out in the barn so I just took a nail and did what to it?
446:  Drove it in.
Interviewer:  Everyday I take my car and blank into town.
446:  Drive.
Interviewer:  Okay. If you drive to town everyday for a week you say I have.
446:  Driven.
Interviewer:  Okay. Do you ever say I have drove to town? Or do you always say I have driven to town?
446:  I probably say I haven't drove into town {NW}.
Interviewer:  {NW} Okay. What do you call the part that covers the top of the house?
446:  The roof.
Interviewer:  Okay. What do you call the little things along the edge if the roof that carry water around?
446:  {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. What would you call a little building that is used for storing wood or tools?
446:  Tool house.
Interviewer:  Okay. Did you ever call it the tool shed?
446:  Tool shed. yes, it'd be tool shed.
Interviewer:  What do you call outdoor toilets? What do you call outdoor toilets, excuse me.
446:  Toilets.
Interviewer:  Okay. Did you have any joking words for the outdoor toilets? Did you ever call it the privy?
446:  I never have but I've heard toilets being called a privy.
Interviewer:  Did you blank that noise? Did you.
446:  Hear.
Interviewer:  Okay. Yes I.
446:  Heard.
Interviewer:  Okay. If I asked you if you know a person you might say no but, I have. Offhand.
446:  Known {D: of them.}
Interviewer:  Okay. Would you ever say I have heard of him?
446:  Yes. #1 I have. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # I have.
446:  I've heard of him.
Interviewer:  Okay. If a friend came back to town and another friend had been visiting with him you might be asked haven't you seen him yet. And you might say no I.
446:  Have not.
Interviewer:  Okay. Then you might be asked has your brother seen him yet and again you might answer no he.
446:  Has not. Or hasn't.
Interviewer:  Does your brother like ice cream? Yes he.
446:  Does.
Interviewer:  If a man lets his farm get all run down and he doesn't seem to care you might say to someone who asks. I really don't know but he just blank to care.
446:  Doesn't care.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Uh, if people think that he did it they say he.
446:  Did.
Interviewer:  Okay. You might say you live in a frame.
446:  House.
Interviewer:  What other kinds of houses do you have around here?
446:  Brick. And block.
Interviewer:  Okay. The big building behind the house where hay is stored and cattle are housed is called.
446:  barn.
Interviewer:  What sorts of buildings would you have on a farm? Other than the barn. I think we've pretty muched covered that. Did we when we talked about the chicken houses and smokehouses and so on. The building you store corn in is called a.
446:  Crib.
Interviewer:  What do you call a building or part of a building where you store grain? Did you have a different name for that? Other than just crib. The upper part of the barn is called the.
446:  Loft.
Interviewer:  Are there other places where you might store hay in the barn other than in the loft?
446:  No. Just in the barn I reckon.
Interviewer:  Okay. Hay piled up outside the barn is called what?
446:  Hay stack.
Interviewer:  hmm Um. When you first cut the hay what do you do with it? The first thing after it's cut.
446:  We stack it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Do you have or know any names for small piles of hay racked up in the field? When you um bound corn stalks together do you have a special name for that?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  Did you call it fodder or corn stalks?
446:  Well we used to pull fodder and just tie {D: bonds of} fodder of the corn blades {X} and it would be called fodder.
Interviewer:  Did you pull that green?
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Where do you keep your cows or where did you keep your cows?
446:  They went out in the woods everyday. And at night they were shut up in a what we called a lot.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now the lot didn't have a shelter over it did it, it just
446:  {NW}
Interviewer:  just a fenced in area. Did you keep your horses with your cows or were they in a different?
446:  #1 They were in a different place. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # And what was that called?
446:  The U lot.
Interviewer:  hmm Besides the barn did you ever have a special place where you would milk the cows outside? When you milked the cows did you didn't take them into a barn to milk them you milked them in the lot.
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  that right? And what did you call this place?
446:  The cow lot.
Interviewer:  Where did you keep your hogs and pigs? What was that place called?
446:  Hog pen.
Interviewer:  Okay. Did it have a shelter or was it just open?
446:  Open.
Interviewer:  It was fenced?
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Where did people used to keep their milk and butter before the days of refrigeration?
446:  It wasn't had the open wells we would put it down in wells and some would put it in creeks. Just in water. #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 What a- #
446:  #1 The milk but I. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
446:  but I
Interviewer:  Uh huh And the butter?
446:  I just can't re-
Interviewer:  #1 Can you remember people built #
446:  #2 I couldn't remember. #
Interviewer:  spring houses around their springs and put the milk and butter and the spring houses to keep it cool
446:  No, I don't remember.
Interviewer:  hmm What do you call that place around the barn where you might let the cows use and other animals walk around? Was that the lot too?
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  What would you call the open place that was usually fenced that had grass in it where the animals grazed?
446:  pasture.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now was it fenced when you were growing up?
446:  Just little small spots.
Interviewer:  Okay. Do you remember when people started fencing their pastures?
446:  No, it was when stock low.
Interviewer:  I, I remember that because that was when I was a small kid when people had to start keeping their animals in. That woulda been about thirty years ago. Thirty, twenty-five, thirty years ago.
446:  Around thirty years ago.
Interviewer:  Cause I remember us, mother getting us in the house when a bull would get loose. #1 {NS} #
446:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  Did you ever raise cotton?
446:  Uh. I No. No they, I didn't but my parents did.
Interviewer:  Well did you ever work in it?
446:  yes
Interviewer:  Okay, can you tell us about how you raised cotton from the time it was planted until it was harvested?
446:  Well you first had to chop it and get it so the plant's so far apart. #1 and then #
Interviewer:  #2 You always planted more than you needed? #
446:  #1 Mm-hmm, yeah we had a good #
Interviewer:  #2 Make sure you had a good {D: stand}. #
446:  {X} {D: The stick} we'd have to chop it out. And then later we would have to hoe it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now hoeing was used the term hoeing was used for weeds right? #1 Okay, and you chopped it to fit it. #
446:  #2 To fit it. #
Interviewer:  #1 But you hoed it to get the weeds. #
446:  #2 We hoed it to get the weeds and the grass out. # And then It would be, have to be plowed several times. for the, what they called the lady {D: lady bye}. #1 And then wait #
Interviewer:  #2 Wait till about July #
446:  And then wait for it to open.
Interviewer:  Okay, and when was that? Usually in September?
446:  It would start opening it uh, uh first of August. Um, sometime during August.
Interviewer:  Did you use a cotton picking sack to put #1 the cotton in? #
446:  #2 Yes, mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  And how was that made?
446:  It had a strap on it that you would put around your shoulders or one of your shoulders. And hang on the sides.
Interviewer:  Okay. Did you enjoy doing that kind of work?
446:  {NS} Not too good. {NS}
Interviewer:  It's the worst kind of work I ever did. I tell you I hated it. {NS} What would you call the grass that grows up in a cotton field where you don't want it? Did you have a special name for it or did you just call it weeds or grass?
446:  Just weeds and grass.
Interviewer:  Okay. Cotton and corn Cotton and corn grow in a. What, what do you call the area that that grows in. The land that it grows on you say I'm going to the cotton blank and pick cotton.
446:  Cotton field.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh, peas are growing what say I'm going to the pea.
446:  patch.
Interviewer:  Okay. Did you ever call the cotton area the cotton patch?
446:  #1 Yes. #
Interviewer:  #2 Or was it uh #
446:  #1 Yes. Cotton patch. #
Interviewer:  #2 Cotton patch. Okay. # Did you have different names or different kinds of little wooden fences?
446:  Rail is rail fence.
Interviewer:  Okay. Did you ever have uh uh fence where the pieces of wood came up like this that has a little horn on the top and you had like that that had pieces of wood to hold them together on the back. There wasn't much fencing used around here was there?
446:  Well back when I was small most of the fence was rails split logs and they rail fence. And the the shape of that one would zig-zag.
Interviewer:  Right okay. The fence made of twisted wire with sharp points on it is called.
446:  Barbed wire.
Interviewer:  Okay this one gets to the rail fence {X}. When you set up a barbed wire fence you must dig holes for the.
446:  Post.
Interviewer:  {D: Okay.} What would you call a fence or wall made of loose stone or rock you might remove from a field? Or did you ever do that here?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  There's not that much rock around here cause the soil is real thin so there's not much rock under that. Uh. When you wanted a hen to start laying did you ever put anything in her nest to make her #1 lay #
446:  #2 yes #
Interviewer:  What was that?
446:  I put big rocks {NS} big white rocks.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh what do you call your best dishes, dishes? It's made of what?
446:  China.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm What did you use to carry water in when you went to the well? What did you get your water in?
446:  {NS} Just called it a buck-
Interviewer:  Okay. Was it wooden or metal?
446:  Metal. Wooden.
Interviewer:  #1 When you were young, real young it was wooden. #
446:  #2 Uh huh. When I was real young it was wood. #
Interviewer:  #1 And then #
446:  #2 It was cedar. #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
446:  #2 Made out of Cedar. #
Interviewer:  And then it was made as you got older you got the metal kind. What was it, galvanized?
446:  Yes {D: I remember.}
Interviewer:  The enamel broke
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  What did you use to carry milk in? Did you milk?
446:  #1 Yes. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. # Well what did you milk into to carry it into the house?
446:  There was a little aluminum milk bucket.
Interviewer:  {NS} What kind of bucket might you keep in your kitchen to throw scrapes in for the pigs? What did you call that?
446:  Garbage can.
Interviewer:  #1 Did you call it a garbage can when #
446:  #2 {D:Slop} bucket. #
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
446:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  #1 You forgotten it had #
446:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  #1 {NS} #
446:  #2 Yeah, it's been so long I've forgotten what it did have. {C: laughing} #
Interviewer:  What do you fry eggs in?
446:  Frying pan.
Interviewer:  #1 Frying pan. #
446:  #2 Frying pan. #
Interviewer:  {NS} What about something big and black that you put out in the backyard that you might use for heating up the water to boil your clothes when you were washing. #1 What was that #
446:  #2 wash- # pot.
Interviewer:  Did you ever refer to it as a kettle?
446:  No, I didn't. No.
Interviewer:  #1 What was the kettle used for? #
446:  #2 {X} # kettle was used to heat water on the stove.
Interviewer:  What would you call the container that you plant some sort of flowers in and keep them in the house? Like this over here that you got the begonia growing in. What would you call that container?
446:  Just a flower pot.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh what would you call the container that you put cut flowers in that you put water in then you put the flowers in. What would you call that?
446:  Vase.
Interviewer:  Uh what are the eating utensils that you put at each place when you set the table? What do you call the different kinds of things that you eat with?
446:  Knives. Forks. Spoons.
Interviewer:  Okay. If the dishes are all dirty you say it's almost supper time and before we can have supper we have to have some clean dishes. I must do what to the dishes?
446:  Wash the dishes.
Interviewer:  After you wash the dishes what do you do to them in clear water?
446:  Rinse 'em.
Interviewer:  What do you call that cloth or rag you use in drying dishes?
446:  Dish dish rag.
Interviewer:  Okay. {NS} Do you call it a dishcloth most of the time?
446:  Yeah, nowadays.
Interviewer:  {NS} Uh When you were growing up the small piece of cloth that you used to wash your face with what did you call it?
446:  Wash rag.
Interviewer:  And what do you call it now?
446:  Wash cloth. Bath cloth. {NS}
Interviewer:  after bathing what do you use to dry yourself off with?
446:  Towels.
Interviewer:  What do you turn on at the water pipe in the kitchen to get water?
446:  Faucet.
Interviewer:  Okay. Have you ever called it anything other than faucet?
446:  No. I don't think so.
Interviewer:  People used to buy flour in.
446:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
446:  #1 Barrels. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Okay. What do you use to enable you to pour water into a narrow mouth bottle. This thing is shaped like a.
446:  #1 funnel #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # What do you use to urge your horses to go faster when you're riding in a buggy. {D: kettle whip}.
446:  Whip.
Interviewer:  If you bought fruit at the store the grocer might put what you buy in a.
446:  Bag.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh what would the bag be made out of?
446:  Paper.
Interviewer:  How is a fairly large quantity of sugar packaged? What was it put in?
Interviewer:  What do you call that bag or sack that potatoes are shipped in? Would you have a different name for it other than sack?
446:  No. {NS}
Interviewer:  What would you call the amount of corn you might take to the mill at any time to be ground.
446:  pick or Bushel.
Interviewer:  Okay. What about the amount of wood you can carry when you got your arms full of wood you say I've got.
446:  A ton of wood.
Interviewer:  Okay. When the light burns out in electric lamp you have to put in a new.
446:  Bulb.
Interviewer:  Do you call it light bulb?
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  What would you call it?
446:  Put in a new light bulb.
Interviewer:  Okay. When you carry the washing out to hang it up on the line. You carry it out in a?
446:  Basket.
Interviewer:  What do nails come in? A nail. The small wooden thing is that.
446:  #1 A barrel. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
446:  A hook. No, uh what do you?
Interviewer:  It's lower than a barrel.
446:  A keg. A nail keg, yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 People got so used {X}. #
446:  #2 Yeah. {NS} #
Interviewer:  What runs around the barrel to hold the wood in place?
446:  Um. A band.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it staves?
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it hooks?
446:  Hooks. Yes. A hook. {NS}
Interviewer:  What would you in put the top of a bottle that would fit down in the bottle?
446:  Stopper.
Interviewer:  Okay. And what was that usually made out of?
446:  #1 Cork. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # What do you call the musical instrument that you put at your mouth and you play and is shaped about this long?
446:  harp.
Interviewer:  Okay. What did you call the musical instrument that you put in your mouth and it binged.
446:  A jew's a jew's harp.
Interviewer:  Okay. What's that what do you call the thing that you use to hit nails with.
446:  Hammer.
Interviewer:  If you have a wagon and two horses what is the long wooden piece between the horses?
446:  The tongue.
Interviewer:  You have a one horse buggy or just a buggy what do you call the things that the horse comes into.
446:  The shaves.
Interviewer:  Okay. When a horse is hitched to a wagon what do you call the {D:bar} wood the traces are fastened to?
446:  single the singletree
Interviewer:  Uh now the wagon you would have two horses and each one would have a singletree. What do you call the thing that both of these are hitched to in order to keep the horses together? Now you've got your two single trees and back there you have that other piece of wood, what was that called? Did you call it the doubletree? Do you remember?
446:  No, we never did have a double. {X}
Interviewer:  You just always had the one.
446:  Mm-hmm.Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  If a man had a load of wood in his wagon and he was driving along you say he was doing what? He was taking a load of something from one place to another you say he was doing what?
446:  Taking a load of wood.
Interviewer:  Did you ever use hauling? He's hauling hay.
446:  #1 Yeah, #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
446:  he's hauling hay. {X}
Interviewer:  Suppose there was a log across the road you'd say I tied a rope to it and did what to get it out of the way?
446:  Drug it. Drug it out.
Interviewer:  What do you break the ground with in the spring?
446:  Plow.
Interviewer:  Okay. After you have plowed what do you use to break the ground even finer? It was a special kind of plow that was used after the plowing was done? To make it finer.
446:  Back long #1 time ago? #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Mm-hmm. Uh-huh. Did you ever use this?
446:  A harrell.
Interviewer:  #1 Do you remember that? #
446:  #2 I started saying it like Joe Harrell. #
Interviewer:  #1 Joe Harrell. What was that? #
446:  #2 {NS} # Well it was a plow that had little pegs on it best I remember. That just tore the ground up.
Interviewer:  What is it that the wheels of a wagon fit onto?
446:  The axle.
Interviewer:  What do you call the X-shaped frame you lay a log across to chop it into stove lengths? Do you remember that? Did you have that kind of thing?
446:  I don't remember having it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh, did you have the A-shaped uh what do you call the A-shaped frames that you used to lay the boards across sometimes to have dinner on the ground at church? Or sometimes people use them carpenters use them and sawing wood or lumber. What do you call those?
446:  We used to have something that they would uh they would call horses.
Interviewer:  Okay. What kind of horses? Or was it just horses?
446:  Yeah, just horses to they would lay the lumber cross to saw.
Interviewer:  Okay. You straighten your hair with a comb and a.
446:  Brush.
Interviewer:  You sharpen a straight razor on a leather.
446:  Strap.
Interviewer:  Did you ever use the term strop? Or did you hear people use that?
446:  Yeah back then I imagine I did say strop.
Interviewer:  What do you put in a rifle when you load it?
446:  cartridge.
Interviewer:  What do children have in a park or schoolyard where one sits on each end of the board and they go up and down?
446:  A seesaw.
Interviewer:  Okay. There might be a plank that is anchored in the middle to a post or stump children get on each end and spin around on it what do you call that? Did you ever have that kind of thing? I never did either. When you tie a long rope to a tree limb and put a seat on it so that children can go back and forth you're making a?
446:  A swing. {NS}
Interviewer:  I, you didn't tell me earlier you didn't have coal but did you have coal to heat the school where you went?
446:  Yes we did.
Interviewer:  And what.
446:  first at Damascus.
Interviewer:  What did you carry the coal in? What was the bucket called?
446:  Coal bucket.
Interviewer:  Did you ever use the term scuttle or did you hear that used?
446:  #1 No, it was, yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 Always bucket. # A small vehicle to carry bricks or other heavy things with a little well in front and two handles to push it.
446:  A wheelbarrow. Wheelbar is what we used to call it. {C: laughing}
Interviewer:  #1 {NS} #
446:  #2 {NS}Oh. #
Interviewer:  What do you sharpen a knife on?
446:  Grindstone.
Interviewer:  Did you ever use whetstone?
446:  Whetstone, yeah.
Interviewer:  Did you ever use the term rubstone?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  Uh. The kind that turned around did you have a different name for that?
446:  Well that was the grindstone. The one that would turn.
Interviewer:  If something is squeaking to lubricate it you have to do what to it?
446:  Grease it. Put oil on it.
Interviewer:  Okay. If grease got all over your hands they are all?
446:  Greasy.
Interviewer:  You might take your car into a gas station and ask them to check the water and.
446:  Oil.
Interviewer:  What is it that you use to burn your lamps before you had electricity.
446:  Kerosene.
Interviewer:  Did you call it anything else?
446:  Kerosene oil.
Interviewer:  Okay. What might you call a makeshift lamp made with a rag, bottle, and kerosene? Did you ever use one of those? Inside the tire of the car is the inner?
446:  Tube.
Interviewer:  If you have built a boat and you are going to put it in the water you say you are going to do what to the boat? When you have it on the bank and you are ready to put it into the water? What would you say you are going to do to it?
446:  Just put it in the water.
Interviewer:  Okay. What kind of boat would you go fishing in on a small lake?
446:  I don't know. I never go fish- {NS}
Interviewer:  call one that had a flat bottom? #1 Well did you ever hear this. Okay. #
446:  #2 I don't know anything about boats. #
Interviewer:  Did you ever hear the term {D: backtow}?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  or that was used {X} when I was growing up. A backtow was just a little rowboat.
446:  #1 Oh. #
Interviewer:  #2 But that's # what is was called. He said he was going to get some cake now. Am I going to get some of that? {NS} He said he was going to get some cake now.
446:  Am I going to get some of that?
Interviewer:  If a child was just learning to dress himself the mother brings in the clothes and says? Here.
446:  Here's your clothes.
Interviewer:  You meet a little boy on the street and he's afraid of you. You don't tell him you were going to hurt him by saying don't cry I.
446:  Won't hurt you.
Interviewer:  If someone thanked you for a ride into town you might say don't mention it we blank going in anyway.
446:  We were going in anyway.
Interviewer:  If somebody asked without you I was that you I saw in town ye- yesterday you might say. No it.
446:  Was not.
Interviewer:  {NS} If she sees a dress that she likes very much and is very becoming she says that's a very.
446:  Pretty dress.
Interviewer:  What might you wear over your dress in the kitchen? To keep it clean.
446:  An apron.
Interviewer:  Okay. To sign your name in ink you use a?
446:  Pen.
Interviewer:  To hold a baby's diaper in place you use a?
446:  A pin.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Soup that you should buy comes in a?
446:  What?
Interviewer:  Soup that you should buy comes in a?
446:  Can.
Interviewer:  What kind of can?
446:  Tin can.
Interviewer:  A dime is worth.
446:  Ten cents.
Interviewer:  Okay. What do you put on when you go out in the winter time and it's cold?
446:  Coat.
Interviewer:  Sometimes between your coat and your shirt you would wear or a man would wear this thing that comes into a quart here and it's sleeveless.
446:  Vest.
Interviewer:  A suit consists of a coat vest and?
446:  Pants.
Interviewer:  Suppose you had come from work and your wife's {D:said} about a package lying there the delivery boy from Jones's store did what?
446:  Just delivered a package.
Interviewer:  Or would you say he's brought it here?
446:  Yes.
Interviewer:  If it was the wrong package Joe might Jones might call and say please blank it back.
446:  Send it back.
Interviewer:  That coat won't fit this year but last year it?
446:  Fit.
Interviewer:  If your old clothes wore out you would buy a?
446:  New.
Interviewer:  New what?
446:  If your old what?
Interviewer:  If your old clothes wore out you would be a new?
446:  New outfit.
Interviewer:  Did you ever say new suit? To refer to a new outfit.
446:  {D: Yes.}
Interviewer:  suit of clothes. If you stuff a lot of things in your pockets it makes them.
446:  Full.
Interviewer:  Okay. Well did you ever tell Brenda for instance when she was growing up that don't put all that stuff in your pocket it does what? It ruins the lines. You didn't do that? You didn't care what she put in her pockets?
446:  #1 I don't reckon. #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} # {NS} The collar got smaller when it was washed. You would say the collar?
446:  Shrunk.
Interviewer:  Okay. And but, but before the collar would do that you would say don't put that in the hot water it might.
446:  Fade. Or shrink.
Interviewer:  Okay. What do you call the small leather container with a clasp on it that women carry money in?
446:  billfold.
Interviewer:  What does a woman wear around her wrist?
446:  Watch.
Interviewer:  Okay. If it's not a watch what else would it be?
446:  Bracelet.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh What would you call the thing that a woman carries the bigger thing that she puts her billfold in?
446:  Purse.
Interviewer:  Okay. What do mean wear to hold up their trousers? That go over their shoulders.
446:  Suspenders.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it anything else?
446:  Galluses.
Interviewer:  Okay. did you ever hear them called braces?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  Just galluses. What do you hold over you to keep yourself dry when it rains?
446:  Umbrella.
Interviewer:  What is the last thing you put on a bed? When you make it up what's the last thing.
446:  Spread.
Interviewer:  At the head of your bed you put your head on a.
446:  Pillow.
Interviewer:  What would you call a bed cover that is old fashioned and hand-pieced out of scraps of old leftover clothes?
446:  Quilt.
Interviewer:  What would you call a makeshift sleeping place that you put down on the floor for children to sleep on?
446:  Pallet
Interviewer:  The flat lowland along the stream overflowed in spring and plowed later what did you call that?
446:  Say that again.
Interviewer:  The flat lowland down close to the swamp or the stream sometimes it would overflow in the spring but then you would plow and plant it. Did you have a special name for that kind of land?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  Did you ever hear bottom land?
446:  Yes.
Interviewer:  The low lying grassland that's close to the bay you course you were far enough inward that you wouldn't have special names for that. Uh. The wet place that had trees and grass and it was mushy and wet. Did you have a special name for that?
446:  Marsh. Marsh
Interviewer:  Okay. Did you ever call it swamp?
446:  Swamp, yes.
Interviewer:  What different kinds of soils did you have in the field? What kinds of soil did you have here?
446:  Sandy. Mostly. Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  There's not much clay here is there?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  Um Did you have a special name for sand uh soil that was part sand and part clay?
446:  No, I don't reckon.
Interviewer:  Did you ever use the term or hear your father use the term loam? Or loamy?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  Now suppose you had land that was swampy to put it to cultivation. First you would have to.
446:  Clear it.
Interviewer:  But before you could clear it what would you have to do for the water?
446:  Drain. Drain it.
Interviewer:  The deep narrow valley cut by a stream of water in the woods or in a field about ten feet deep and ten feet across. Would you have a special name for that? You didn't have much of that here did you? That much erosion.
446:  No.
Interviewer:  Now if there had been a heavy rainfall and the rain had cut out a channel or had washed a place would you have a special name for that?
446:  gully
Interviewer:  Okay. What do you call a very small stream of water? One that you can jump across. Something that you might go and wade in when you were a little kid.
446:  Mud hole. {NS}
Interviewer:  {NS} Did you ever call it a branch?
446:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Okay. How big was a branch? Could you jump across a branch?
446:  mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Okay, what was the next size?
446:  It would be a creek.
Interviewer:  Okay. Could you jump across a creek?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  Okay. And then the creek would flow into a bigger? What would that be called?
446:  River.
Interviewer:  Okay. Did you have any other names for these streams other than branch, creek, and river?
446:  I don't remember, no.
Interviewer:  Oh What are some of the names of the streams in this neighborhood? Where people go fishing?
446:  {D: Hunch Creek} and um Boulder Mill creek. Smith creek. and uh.
Interviewer:  #1 #
446:  #2 #
Interviewer:  #1 I've heard of a place. #
446:  #2 Williams Lake. #
Interviewer:  I've heard of a place called a blowout. Now that's on a river. What's the name of that river?
446:  {D: Comayka River}
Interviewer:  What do you call a very small rise in land? That you go up a very small one. You say I go up the.
446:  Hill.
Interviewer:  Okay. Have you ever heard the word knob used for hill. #1 Was that used around here? #
446:  #2 no #
Interviewer:  What do you call the higher, bigger thing uh bigger than a hill what do you call that? #1 You don't have any around here? #
446:  #2 mountains # #1 We don't have any here. #
Interviewer:  #2 You don't. It's flat. # {NS} The rocky side of a mountain that drops off sharp what would you call that?
446:  I don't know.
Interviewer:  Uh, a lot of these things right here are for mountains. What would you call the place where boats come up and dock and you get up and walk on it. What would you call that? Usually it spilled out over the water just a bit.
446:  pier.
Interviewer:  Okay. What do you call most of the important roads around here? What do you call this thing that runs in front of the house?
446:  Blacktop.
Interviewer:  Okay.
446:  #1 That's what we always called it. Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 You always used to say blacktops. # You grew up on You're house was on what kind of road when you.
446:  Dirt road.
Interviewer:  Did you ever live on a graveled road?
446:  Uh-huh. Yes, this was gravel here. Before we had the blacktop put on.
Interviewer:  Did you have any special name for a little road that went off the main road? Maybe that just went up to a house.
446:  I don't remember.
Interviewer:  Okay. Suppose you came to a man's farm down the public road you came to the turnoff point down to the man's house. What would you call that? Would you have a special name for it?
446:  {D: naval} lane.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um Did you ever call it anything other than lane? What would you use, would you use the term driveway now?
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  #1 Instead of lane. #
446:  #2 Mm-hmm, driveway yeah. #
Interviewer:  But it was lane when you were growing up? My great grandmother had a lane that the cows came up. And I, that's the only place I've ever heard that term used. Would you, had her cows in the lane. Something along the side of a street for people to walk on is called?
446:  #1 You'll find these inside. #
Interviewer:  #2 Sidewalk. # Okay. Two boys were walking across the field and one of them saw a crow in the field eating the farmers corn. He reached down and picked up a what to throw at the crow?
446:  Rock.
Interviewer:  When he got to the farm he said to the farmer I picked up a
446:  Rock.
Interviewer:  And
446:  Threw it.
Interviewer:  Okay. If someone came to visit your daughter and you met the person in the yard you might say. She's blank in the house she's blank in the kitchen baking some cookies. You say she's
446:  She's in the house.
Interviewer:  Okay. She's.
446:  #1 In the kitchen. #
Interviewer:  #2 In the kitchen. # Talking about putting milk in coffee We weren't were we. {NS} Some people like it blank milk. And others like it blank milk. Some people like coffee
446:  With milk.
Interviewer:  Okay.
446:  #1 And some #
Interviewer:  #2 And some like coffee? #
446:  With without milk.
Interviewer:  Okay. {NS} If someone is not going away from you, you might say he is coming straight. {NS}
446:  Straight.
Interviewer:  He's coming straight.
446:  To me.
Interviewer:  Okay. Do you ever say towards you?
446:  Towards toward me.
Interviewer:  Which would you say?
446:  Straight toward toward towards me.
Interviewer:  Okay. You met someone in town instead of saying I met him you might say I ran.
446:  Into him.
Interviewer:  Okay. If a child is given the same her mothers has you say they named the child.
446:  After me.
Interviewer:  The kind of animal that barks.
446:  Dog.
Interviewer:  That's what we were just hearing. If you wanted your dog to attack another dog or person what would you say? If you were urging your dog to get.
446:  Get him. Get him.
Interviewer:  Did you ever say sick
446:  Sick him.
Interviewer:  If you have a dog that's mixed in his ancestry what might you call him?
446:  Mixed. Mixed breed.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call him something else? Did you ever call him a cur? Or a mutt?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  Okay. If it was just a small tiny dog and he was mixed in his ancestry a little dog about so big did you have a special name for him? Did you ever use the word feist?
446:  #1 Or was it? #
Interviewer:  #2 Yes, uh huh. # Okay. And uh what was a feisty person? When you use the term feisty person what did you mean?
446:  It was this little in-. Feisty {NS} {NS}
Interviewer:  That dog will anyone.
446:  Bite.
Interviewer:  Yesterday, he
446:  Bit.
Interviewer:  The mailman. The mailman had to go to the doctor after he got.
446:  Bit.
Interviewer:  The male of a herd of cattle. What would you call the male in a herd of cows?
446:  The bull.
Interviewer:  Okay, did you have any other names for it?
446:  beast
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh were there special names that men used when they were around women?
446:  #1 Was it impolite to say bull when you were around women. But it's not now. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yes, yes. Uh-huh. # Okay, so what did they it? Did they ever call him the he calf?
446:  Well I don't remember about that. About the he calf but they didn't say bull.
Interviewer:  Bull in front of women. Now that was even in my time. I don't remember people saying it. What did you call the animal you kept for milk?
446:  The milk cow.
Interviewer:  Okay. If you had a cow by the name of Daisy expecting a calf you would say Daisy is going to.
446:  Find the calf is what we used to say.
Interviewer:  And what do you say now?
446:  Have a calf
Interviewer:  Did you ever say Daisy is going to calve? Was that used?
446:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Okay. So you used find a cow, have a calf, and calve. {NS} Those animals that you used to ride on or to put a wagon on are called what?
446:  Horses.
Interviewer:  Okay. A female horse is called a. Did you have a special name for female horse? You just said horse.
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  You didn't distinguish between the male and the female. Say a little child went to sleep in bed and found himself on the floor in the morning. He'd say I must have
446:  Fallen off.
Interviewer:  Okay. The part of the horses feet that you put the shoes onto would be called what?
446:  The hoofs.
Interviewer:  Okay. And what do you call the things that you put on horses feet to protect them?
446:  Shoes. Horse shoes.
Interviewer:  Okay. Did you ever play a game with those things?
446:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Where you pitched them. What did you call that? {NS}
446:  Horseshoe.
Interviewer:  The male sheep is called a.
446:  Ram.
Interviewer:  Okay. But y'all never raised sheep. Uh the female sheep is called a. {NS}
446:  I don't know. wouldn't be a ewe would it?
Interviewer:  Um. What are sheep raised for? What's that stuff called?
446:  #1 Wool. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Okay. Uh what did you call a male hog when you were growing up? {NS}
446:  The male.
Interviewer:  What did you call a male hog that had been altered? Did you have a special name for him? {NS} Was it ought, was he ever called a barrow?
446:  A what?
Interviewer:  Barrow.
446:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  He was. And how would you say that?
446:  We say boar.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um The little hog when it's first born is called a?
446:  Pig.
Interviewer:  When it is a little older that medium size it's called a
446:  Shoat.
Interviewer:  Okay. When they're full grown they're called?
446:  Hogs.
Interviewer:  How big must a pig get to be called a shoat? When did it stop being a pig and become a shoat?
446:  When it quit nursing I reckon.
Interviewer:  Did you have a special name for an unbred female hog.
446:  Yep.
Interviewer:  Okay. What do you hogs have on their backs? What do you call the hairs? On their back.
446:  Bristles.
Interviewer:  Okay. What were the big teeth that the hog had? {NS}
446:  We called them tushes. {NS}
Interviewer:  The thing that you put the food in for hogs to eat the long.
446:  Trough {NS}
Interviewer:  Now if you had a pig and you wanted him to grow up to be a boar what would you say you were going to do to him?
446:  Castrate him.
Interviewer:  Okay, did you use any other word.
446:  Marking.
Interviewer:  Okay, anything else? {NS} The, the reason why I'm asking is I know over at the Holmes' they say cut.
446:  #1 Cut him. Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # The noise made by a calf when it has been when it is being weened you say the calf began to.
446:  {D: brate}.
Interviewer:  The gentle noise made by a cow during feeding time the cow began to.
446:  Moo.
Interviewer:  Did you use another word for moo?
446:  blow
Interviewer:  Okay. The gentle noise made my a horse. The horse began to.
446:  Bray.
Interviewer:  Oh Okay. Did you use another word? Or, or maybe a softer sound than braying. {NS} Okay. A hen on a nest of eggs is called what kind of hen?
446:  Sitting hen. {NS}
Interviewer:  The place where hens live was called the chicken.
446:  Chicken house.
Interviewer:  Did you use another word for it?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  Did you ever use coop?
446:  Not without, it was just a small, little small pen. Maybe just to put two or three in and break them from sitting. It would be called a coop.
Interviewer:  What did you put what did you call little chicks?
446:  Bitties.
Interviewer:  Okay. Used to come home every spring or every spring my mother would order hundreds of bitties from Sears and Roebuck hey keep it in the kitchen two weeks. And she'd tell us if we touched them they'd die and that'd keep us from touching. They'd chirp all night long. Then we'd have fried chicken all summer. When you eat one of the chick What is the part that the children like to have so they can pull it a part to see how it can break?
446:  pulley-bones
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it anything else?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  What do you call that larger piece and what does it mean when it's broken? Did you have a special name for the larger piece or the smaller piece?
446:  Wishbone. Yeah. {NS}
Interviewer:  Okay, what did it mean? The person who got the bigger piece.
446:  Oh Uh the one that got the bigger piece would marry first.
Interviewer:  What do you call the inside parts of the chicken that you eat? The liver, the heart, the gizzards and so. What do you call those chicken parts? When you Uh the chicken parts. Liver and gizzard. Do you have a special name for those, you use them say to make dressings.
446:  Giblets.
Interviewer:  Okay. {NS} Did you have a special name for the inside part of the pig or calve that you would eat? The same kinds of things but from a pig or calve. Would it have a different kind of name? {NS}
446:  Let's see, the heart the gizzards. I don't know what to get I don't reckon I did gizzards in a {NS} no, no they wouldn't.
Interviewer:  Oh What did you call the lining of the intestines in the pig when it was cooked. What did you call that?
446:  The chitlins. Chitlings.
Interviewer:  Did you ever eat those?
446:  Not when I was small.
Interviewer:  #1 I bet you loved them but they stunk so bad. Oh I hated the smell of it. #
446:  #2 I had. Bet I did too. Yes. #
Interviewer:  Mother fixed me a pound
446:  After I got married I could uh eat them a little bit and fixed the different than the way mama fixed them.
Interviewer:  Mother boiled them. And then she fried them.
446:  Um mama boiled them but I don't remember what she done to them then but I could eat them if I milled them and fried them.
Interviewer:  But mother boiled them then she milled them and fried them. When it's time to feed the stock and do the chores you say it's time to.
446:  Get through.
Interviewer:  Okay this is different things you would use to call the animals to come in. Uh what would you use to call the cows in?
446:  {X}
Interviewer:  Can you do it again?
446:  {D: boy}.
Interviewer:  What would you use to call the pigs in?
446:  Pig, pig.{C: calling out}
Interviewer:  Did you ever say soo-y? How did you say it?
446:  Soo-y.{C: calling out} Soo-y.{C: calling out} Pig.{C: calling out}
Interviewer:  What would you say to a cow to get her to stand still while you were milking her?
446:  {D: suh} {D: suh}
Interviewer:  What about calling the calve? Did you call {D: hepper}.
446:  Go sit.{C: calling out} Go sit.{C: calling out} Go sit.{C: calling out}
Interviewer:  What would you say to amuse the horses to make them go left?
446:  Haw.
Interviewer:  To make then go right?
446:  Gee. {NS}
Interviewer:  Uh When you were calling horses in did you have a special way of calling them? Or did you horses or moos either one. What do you say to a horse to urge him on say you're in a wagon and you want the horse to go faster you say.
446:  Come up.
Interviewer:  #1 What would you say. #
446:  #2 I'd say get up. #
Interviewer:  #1 {NS} #
446:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  What would you say to stop him?
446:  {D: woah}.
Interviewer:  If you were backing him into the buggy would you say anything special? {NS}
Interviewer:  Didn't have sheep.
446:  {D: Silly yee}.
Interviewer:  Would you do silly silly?
446:  Mm. Silly silly.
Interviewer:  Okay. You didn't have sheep so you didn't have a special call for sheep. Okay, when you were going to feed your chickens what did you say?
446:  Chick. Chick. Chick. Chick. Chick. Chick.
Interviewer:  If you want to get the horses ready to go somewhere you say {NS} I want to. Do what to the horses?
446:  Hitch 'em up.
Interviewer:  Okay. When you're plowing what do you call the things that you {D: drive} the mules with? Those things that come down the side and you hold them.
446:  Plow lines.
Interviewer:  What do you put your feet into when you're riding horseback?
446:  Stirrup.
Interviewer:  You have two horses the horse on the left is called what kind of horse? Or you had this when you {D: used to}.
446:  I don't know.
Interviewer:  Did you have the term lead horse or lead mule?
446:  #1 I say we didn't have two. #
Interviewer:  #2 You just used one. #
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  If something is not right in your {D:hen} you say it's just a little.
446:  Over there.
Interviewer:  If it's not right close you say it's just right.
446:  It's just
Interviewer:  {D: did} what did you say?
446:  It's just over there. Right over there.
Interviewer:  You have been traveling and have not finished your journey you might say that you have a blank to go before dark. How would you say that?
446:  A good distance to go.
Interviewer:  Did you ever say a good piece or a good way?
446:  The the piece.
Interviewer:  And how would you say that?
446:  Have a good piece to go.
Interviewer:  If something is very common and you don't have to look for it at a special place you would say that you could find it just about.
446:  Anywhere.
Interviewer:  Uh. When you were growing up and you were playing games can you recall any of those games that you played as a child?
446:  Six sticks.
Interviewer:  And how did you play six sticks?
446:  Well we would have so many on one side line so many on the other side of the line and have sticks six sticks. And at each place. And the ones on the right may be {D: dunked off} to try to get the sticks up on the left side. And if they could get it run back across the line without being tagged. Alright but if they were tagged they had to get out of the game.
Interviewer:  Okay, what other games did you play?
446:  Hmm. Handkerchief.
Interviewer:  #1 Drop the handkerchief. #
446:  #2 Drop the handkerchief. # Just form a circle hold hands. And now I don't know whether we held hands or not it's been so long {C: laughing}. But uh um one would go around and drop the handkerchief behind one more and then the the big one we'd call him the mush pot. And that one would try to grab the handkerchief from behind the other one before it could and if it did that one had to get in the mush pot.
Interviewer:  Did you have any games that were seasonal like did you play marbles in the spring and spin tops at a special time of the year.
446:  Uh I don't know about the special time of year but I did play marbles.
Interviewer:  What kind of marbles did you play Could you play for keeps?
446:  Uh-huh. With my brothers.
Interviewer:  #1 But that wasn't counted gambling. #
446:  #2 Uh-uh. No. # #1 No. #
Interviewer:  #2 Could you play for keeps with other people? #
446:  Well I never did I just played with my brothers and sister {NS}.
Interviewer:  Did you have a uh play a game called bouncing board?
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Tell us about that.
446:  Well one would {NS}. Put a plank on a block or something and one would get on each end and jump bounce down and then they'd throw the other one up um and that that would come up. It was a lot of fun. {NS}
Interviewer:  Uh girls play this mostly or was it both a boys and girls game?
446:  Well at school it was mostly girls.
Interviewer:  #1 But at home the boys would play. #
446:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  Uh. After supper on summer nights were their special kinds of games you would play?
446:  I don't remember. This long {C: laughing}.
Interviewer:  What kind of ball did you play?
446:  Um. We'd um play {D: halo} {X}.
Interviewer:  And how'd you play that?
446:  Do it over the house. Hmm then went on the other side to catch it.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
446:  #1 And if you'd caught it you'd run, run around the house. #
Interviewer:  #2 But didn't you have to. #
446:  #1 To try to take it. {NS}. #
Interviewer:  #2 Didn't you have to say something before you threw the ball? # What did you have to say?
446:  I just don't remember if we said {D: hail over or hell over}.
Interviewer:  #1 {NS} #
446:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  #1 But you had to the use another person on the other side. #
446:  #2 {X}. Yeah. Mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  Did you teach your children some of those games? Did they play the same games when they were growing up?
446:  Uh. Yes, they did.
Interviewer:  #1 Did you teach them or did other children teach them? #
446:  #2 Yes. # I, I imagine I taught them that throwing it up throwing it over the house.
Interviewer:  Can you think of any other games right now. Well when you were in school did you have PE or at recess did you just go out and play without the supervision of a teacher?
446:  Well after I got in high school we had P-E.
Interviewer:  But in grammar school you just had free play.
446:  Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  #1 And the children organized their own games to play. #
446:  #2 Yes. Mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  Did you ever play anything called fox and dogs or fox and hounds?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  We played that when I was growing up a lot. Okay, we're going onto crops now. If you have a good yield you say we raised a big.
446:  Crop.
Interviewer:  If you got rid of all the brush and trees on the land you say you did what?
446:  Cleared it.
Interviewer:  What do you call those trenches that are cut by a plow? That are their plowed.
446:  Furrows.
Interviewer:  Okay. The stack that cut into {D: crow broil} grass is called what? You have a special name for it other than second cutting?
446:  No I don't.
Interviewer:  The weight of crown is tied up into a.
446:  Bundle.
Interviewer:  Okay. The bundles or sheaves are piled up into. Did you have a special name for what you called
446:  #1 Stacks. #
Interviewer:  #2 cotton? # #1 Okay. #
446:  #2 Yep. #
Interviewer:  We racked forty flights of wheat to an acre.
446:  Bushels.
Interviewer:  What had you got to do with oaks to separate the grain from the rest of it?
446:  Thrash it.
Interviewer:  Did y'all do that? Or.
446:  Uh Dad raised some rice one time and he'd carry it to a mill and had it threshed.
Interviewer:  Did it turn out good?
446:  Yeah it had a good bit of husk in it.
Interviewer:  If a man had been running for two miles and then had to stop you'd say two miles is he could go.
446:  As far as he could go.
Interviewer:  If something belongs to you you say it's.
446:  Mine.
Interviewer:  If it belongs to both of us you say it's.
446:  Ours.
Interviewer:  If it belongs to them you would say.
446:  It's theirs.
Interviewer:  If it belonged to him you would say.
446:  His.
Interviewer:  It belonged to her.
446:  Her. {NW}
Interviewer:  Okay. People have been to visit you and they are about to leave. You say to them. Okay, we're at the door and I'm leaving and what what do you usually say when people start to leave? You don't usually say goodbye you say what?
446:  Y'all come back.
Interviewer:  Okay.
446:  #1 That's usually what you say isn't it? #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. # Now somebody has been to a party and starts to leave and you were asking about the routes you would say where are? If you were asking about somebody's coats and you wanted to know where their coats were. You would say where are?
446:  Where are the coats?
Interviewer:  But if you wanted to show that it belongs to this person you would say where are? Alright, the coats belonged to that person and you would want to say. Alright say they're two or three people and they have coats and you want to know where they coats are you would say where are. Would you say where are the coats? Or where are something else.
446:  Where are the coats?
Interviewer:  Okay. You wouldn't say where are your coats? Or would you ever say where are y'alls coats?
446:  I imagine it'd be y'all.
Interviewer:  #1 How would you say it then? That, that sounds natural now. #
446:  #2 {NS}. Where's y'alls coats? {NS}. #
Interviewer:  #1 {NS}. #
446:  #2 {NS}. #
Interviewer:  Asking about people at a party and you want to know who had been there. How would you ask that question? Say I came in from a party and you wanted to know who had been there you would say what?
446:  Who all were who all was at the party?
Interviewer:  Okay. When you're asking about a speakers remarks. Or say I've been to church and you want to know what the preacher said and I came in you would say.
446:  What did the preacher
Interviewer:  Say.
446:  Say.
Interviewer:  Would you ever say what all did the preacher say? Which way would you be more likely to say it?
446:  What all did the preacher say today?
Interviewer:  I know that's what I say. What is made of flour baked in loaves?
446:  Bread.
Interviewer:  When it is made to rise with yeast you call it what kind of bread?
446:  Yeast bread.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh the loaf of bread that you buy in the store what do you call it?
446:  Loaf bread.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it something else when you were were younger?
446:  Light bread.
Interviewer:  {NS}. In speaking about different kinds of bread why don't you just tell me about the different kinds of breads you've made. Yeast uh made with uh wheat made with cornmeal. Any kind you make just.
446:  Corn cornbread.
Interviewer:  How do you make cornbread?
446:  Out of meal.
Interviewer:  And what uh how do you do it?
446:  {NS}.
Interviewer:  Do you make it the same way all the time?
446:  Hmm mm- mostly.
Interviewer:  Okay, how do you usually make it?
446:  I use cornmeal and put just a little bit of flour in it eggs and {D: you separize} {D: separize} the meal but I have to put a little little bit of flour to keep it from being so crumbly. And put in egg and milk and a little bit of grease.
Interviewer:  Okay. What kind of pan do you cook in?
446:  Uh mostly a little small iron fry.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay, does it taste better when it's cooked in an iron pan? #
446:  #2 Mm-hmm. Yeah. #
Interviewer:  Do you ever make yeast bread of any kind?
446:  Sometimes I make rolls.
Interviewer:  Do you make biscuits?
446:  #1 Yes. Sometimes #
Interviewer:  #2 How do you make that? #
446:  I very seldom cook biscuits now since all my family's gone.
Interviewer:  How do you make biscuits?
446:  Well now I stir them with a spoon.
Interviewer:  How did you
446:  But I used to put hand in them {NS}.
Interviewer:  {NS}. Did you ever make donuts?
446:  I have a few times.
Interviewer:  How were those different? From the other kinds of bread.
446:  You fry it. I fried mine.
Interviewer:  Did did you dip them in sugar or?
446:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Sometimes you make up a batter and you fry three or four of these at a time. You cook them on a flat service on top of the stove. What do you call those?
446:  Well I call them pancakes now but I used to call them fritters. {NS} Yeah.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call them anything else?
446:  Um. Just said pancakes and.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call them hotcakes?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  The Holmes' call them hotcakes.
446:  Mm-hmm. Flapjacks I have called them flapjacks.
Interviewer:  You went to the store to buy blank of flowers.
446:  Sack.
Interviewer:  What would you use to make the bread that is not baked in powder or salt and you want it to rise but you don't want to use baking powder. What's the other thing you can use to make your rolls rise?
446:  Yeast.
Interviewer:  What do you call the inside part of the egg?
446:  The yolk.
Interviewer:  What are the two parts of the egg?
446:  The yolk and the white.
Interviewer:  {NS}. What color would you say the yolk of the egg is?
446:  Orange I reckon {NS}.
Interviewer:  Is there another word you use? The ones that you buy in the store now that are paler. What color are they usually?
446:  They would be more of a yellow I reckon.
Interviewer:  If you cook eggs in hot water what do you call them?
446:  Poach Poached.
Interviewer:  Well it you cook it okay poached is.
446:  Poached.
Interviewer:  When they are without the hole right? Or the shell.
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Now if you cook them in their shell what do you.
446:  Boiled.
Interviewer:  Boiled what?
446:  Boiled eggs.
Interviewer:  {NS}. You went ahead and answered the next one about poached eggs. Uh fat salt pork is called what?
446:  White meat.
Interviewer:  Okay. What do you call the salt or sugar cured meat you might boil with greens? Is that the same thing?
446:  Is it fat?
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah it's fat uh-huh. #
446:  #2 Without the leaves. # Now there's a fat back.
Interviewer:  Is that what you would call that?
446:  I, I think so.
Interviewer:  What if it had no lean on it at all?
446:  That, that'd be fat back.
Interviewer:  Okay. If it had a little bit of lean what would you call it?
446:  Salt meat.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it strip of lean?
446:  I don't remember doing that.
Interviewer:  When you cut the side of a hog what did you call it?
446:  Middlings.
Interviewer:  The kind of meat that you buy slice thin to eat with eggs in the morning.
446:  Bacon.
Interviewer:  The outside of the bacon is called what.
446:  The rind.
Interviewer:  The kind of meat you buy that is sliced thin to eat with eggs. When you slice it yourself do you still call it bacon?
446:  Still call it bacon.
Interviewer:  The kind of meat that comes in little links on a chain that's stuffed in what do you call that? It's ground up pork meat. And it's stuffed in little casings what do you call that?
446:  Sausage.
Interviewer:  Okay. Is there another kind of sausage?
446:  There's uh pan sausage.
Interviewer:  Did you call it something else?
446:  Sausage balls. {NS}.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it patty sausage?
446:  Yeah. Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  The person that you buy your meat from is called what?
446:  I just get mine at the grocery store I believe. {NS} At the meat market.
Interviewer:  If the meat has been kept too long and it's gone bad what would you say it's done.
446:  It's rancid. Got rancid.
Interviewer:  Okay. After you butcher a hog what do you make with the meat from it's head. when you were growing up?
446:  We'd call it {D: safs}.
Interviewer:  Okay.
446:  I reckon it'd be hog head cheese wouldn't it. Or {D: sass}.
Interviewer:  What do you call the dish prepared by cooking and grinding up hog liver. Did you ever do that?
446:  {NS}.
Interviewer:  Did you ever make anything out of hog blood?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  {NS}. Did you ever take the juice of the head cheese or the liver sausage and stir it up with cornmeal maybe some hog meat and cook it?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  Suppose you kept the butter too long and it didn't taste good. What would you call the taste to describe the butter. If you kept it too long. You'd say the butter is.
446:  Rancid. Um.
Interviewer:  Thick sour milk that you keep on hand is called.
446:  Buttermilk.
Interviewer:  Before it's buttermilk what would you call.
446:  Clabber.
Interviewer:  What do you make from the {X}.
446:  Buttermilk.
Interviewer:  What is baked in a deep dish made of apples with a crust on top?
446:  Pie.
Interviewer:  Okay. What kind of pie did you.
446:  Apple pie.
Interviewer:  You ever call it cobbler?
446:  Cobbler. Yes.
Interviewer:  Food taken between regular meals you'd call.
446:  Snack.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it anything else?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  I will blank breakfast at 7 o'clock.
446:  Eat.
Interviewer:  Yesterday at that time I had already. What you say naturally.
446:  Eat. I had already eaten.
Interviewer:  Okay. Last week I blank breakfast everyday.
446:  Ate.
Interviewer:  What do you people usually drink for breakfast the hot stuff.
446:  Coffee.
Interviewer:  How do you make coffee? Do you use instant?
446:  #1 I use instant. {NS}. #
Interviewer:  #2 How did you want to make coffee? #
446:  I just you had a little percolator and then put it in you know the top part water in the bottom let it perc.
Interviewer:  Did you ever grind your own coffee?
446:  I never did but mama did when I was a child.
Interviewer:  What do you drink when you're thirsty?
446:  Water.
Interviewer:  What do you drink it in?
446:  A glass.
Interviewer:  The glass fell out of the sink and.
446:  Broke.
Interviewer:  You might say I didn't it but somebody else has that glass.
446:  I didn't break break it.
Interviewer:  But somebody else has.
446:  Broken it.
Interviewer:  If I asked you how much did you drink you'd say I a lot of it. I If I.
446:  Drunk a lot of it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Then you might ask me how much have you.
446:  Drank.
Interviewer:  You sure do blank a lot of water.
446:  Drink.
Interviewer:  When dinner is on the table and the family's standing around waiting to begin what do you say to them?
446:  Dinner's ready.
Interviewer:  Okay. Somebody comes into the dining room and you ask him or comes into the living room and you say won't you.
446:  Sit down.
Interviewer:  Okay. So then he.
446:  Sits.
Interviewer:  No one else was standing they had all.
446:  Sat.
Interviewer:  Do you just say sat or do you say sat down.
446:  Sit they had all sat down.
Interviewer:  Okay. If you want someone not to wait until the potatoes are passed you say you're sitting at the table with the potatoes are here and uh you say to somebody wanting them to get the potatoes what would you say to them?
446:  Would you pass the potatoes?
Interviewer:  Do you ever say help yourself to the potatoes?
446:  Oh yes.
Interviewer:  How do you say that?
446:  Just just help yourself.
Interviewer:  So he went ahead and.
446:  Helped helped himself.
Interviewer:  Since he had already since he had already blanked himself I ask him to.
446:  Help himself. Pass them to me.
Interviewer:  If you've decided to not eat something you'd say I don't instead of saying I don't want any you should say I don't.
446:  Care for any.
Interviewer:  Okay. Perhaps you had something more than you could eat for Sunday dinner. Monday you would eat and you'd say you were having.
446:  Leftovers.
Interviewer:  You put your food in your mouth and then you begin to.
446:  Chew.
Interviewer:  Did you ever make a kind of pudding made out of cornmeal and water.
446:  No.
Interviewer:  You didn't make anything called mush?
446:  #1 No, I didn't know how. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mrs. Holmes' made that. # What are the homegrown things that grow in the garden?
446:  Peas. Corn. Okra. Tomatoes. Pepper.
Interviewer:  Did you have an overall name for all of those?
446:  Vegetables.
Interviewer:  A small pot near the house where you might grow vegetables is called what?
446:  A garden.
Interviewer:  Did you ever make when you were growing up something out of corn that you soaked in wine dried and it turned white. What did you call that?
446:  We called it lighted corn then. It's {X}.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh what do you call the stuff that you cook for breakfast that's ground up corn.
446:  Grits.
Interviewer:  Do you know the expression S-T-L-O stlo. Have you ever heard of that? Uh what are some of the names for the alcohol that men make out in the woods then sell without paying taxes on it?
446:  Moonshine.
Interviewer:  Any other names?
446:  White lightning.
Interviewer:  Anything else?
446:  Whiskey {X}
Interviewer:  You want to say something is real you say this is not an imitation it's.
446:  Real.
Interviewer:  Did you use another word? Something that you might see written on the inside of a leather belt it would say what kind of leather?
446:  Imitation.
Interviewer:  #1 Well it's to show #
446:  #2 No. #
Interviewer:  that it's not an imitation it would have what other word?
446:  All leather. Something like on the belt.
Interviewer:  Did you ever use genuine?
446:  Genuine.
Interviewer:  #1 And how you would say that? #
446:  #2 {NS}. # Genuine.
Interviewer:  What do you call the stuff that you make out of {D:mayhaws}, and water, and sugar.
446:  Jelly.
Interviewer:  What do you put on the table to season food that you have in shakers.
446:  Salt. Pepper.
Interviewer:  There are some apples and a child wants one he says.
446:  Can I have one? {X} may I have one? {NS}
Interviewer:  It wasn't those boys it must've been one of. It wasn't these boys it must've of been one of.
446:  Those.
Interviewer:  Okay. Did you ever say them boys? Or them there boys?
446:  I may just said one of them them boys. And their boys.
Interviewer:  If you're going to something that's a good ways off you might say it's.
446:  It's a good good distance. A good ways off.
Interviewer:  #1 Would you ever say it's over yonder? #
446:  #2 It's. Over yonder. # Over yonder. Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  You have a lot of peach trees you have have of peach trees growing out in the place or you have a lot of pecan trees what.
446:  #1 Have an orchard. #
Interviewer:  #2 do you call them? # Okay. When I was a boy my father was poor but next door was a boy who was.
446:  Well off. #1 He's rich. #
Interviewer:  #2 Did you? # Okay. Did you use any other words for rich or well off?
446:  Hmm.
Interviewer:  Inside a cherry the part that you don't eat is called what or what do you call it?
446:  I the pit.
Interviewer:  #1 Did you ever call it pitted seed? #
446:  #2 Seed. Mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it a stone?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  Just a pit or a seed. What do you call that thing inside the peach?
446:  Seed.
Interviewer:  Okay. The kind of peach that that flesh clings to the stone or to the seed when you pit it what do you call that kind of peach? Does it have a different name from the kind of peach that just falls away from the seed?
446:  I believe it's called a press.
Interviewer:  Is that what you call it?
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Okay. What do you call the other kind that just falls apart?
446:  Let's see. Clear seed.
Interviewer:  Did you have a clear seed peaches when you were growing up?
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  What do you call that part of the apple that you throw away?
446:  The core.
Interviewer:  The kind of nut that you pull out of the ground and boil a roast is.
446:  Peanuts.
Interviewer:  What other kinds of nut trees did you have growing here?
446:  Pecan. Pecans.
Interviewer:  How do you say that usually?
446:  Pecans.
Interviewer:  Okay, any other kinds?
446:  That has nuts on it?
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
446:  Walnut. Hick hickory nuts.
Interviewer:  Any other kinds?
446:  #1 That'll be it all. #
Interviewer:  #2 Did you have chestnuts here? #
446:  Well uh I never did but now some people some have.
Interviewer:  The kind of fruit that grows in Florida if there are not any left you say that the what are all gone. Things that are shaped like this.
446:  The oranges.
Interviewer:  Are what?
446:  Are all gone.
Interviewer:  What do you call those small red root vegetables that grow real fast in the garden they're little round ones.
446:  Radishes.
Interviewer:  What do you call those round red things that we slice and eat raw from the garden.
446:  Tomatoes.
Interviewer:  Okay. The little tiny tomatoes like {NS} okay. What do you call the small tomatoes this size?
446:  Tommy toes.
Interviewer:  Have any other words for them? Okay. Are tommy toes always volunteer tomatoes? Do they just come up on their own or do you plant them?
446:  Uh. I plant them. They will come up on their own if you {NS} you know leave them for some to get in the ground uh.
Interviewer:  What do you call that plant that grows in the garden that has a bulb a white bulb or yellow bulb at the bottom and a long real.
446:  Onion.
Interviewer:  What do you call the stuff that grows in the garden that stings you when you cut it little green.
446:  Okra.
Interviewer:  What different kinds of beans do you have?
446:  Butter beans and string beans or snap beans.
Interviewer:  And what's the different in the two?
446:  In the string beans and snap beans?
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
446:  Well the string bean has when you break them in two they'll have, little strings on the side.
Interviewer:  And you eat the pot with the bean. You eat the whole thing. You don't shell it out.
446:  Uh-uh no.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now with the butter bean you shell it right.
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  You take the tops of turnips and cook them and make a mess of.
446:  Turnips.
Interviewer:  Do you call them turnip greens?
446:  Turnip greens.
Interviewer:  If you have seven boys and seven girls or just a large number of boy and girls you would say you had a whole what of children?
446:  Bunch of children.
Interviewer:  Would you ever say passel?
446:  Passel.
Interviewer:  Did you say that?
446:  I don't remember saying passel. {NS}. I've heard it but I I don't remember saying it.
Interviewer:  The outside of an ear of corn is called what?
446:  The husk. Chuck.
Interviewer:  Or which do you use the husk or the shuck?
446:  The shuck.
Interviewer:  Did you hear people saying husk when you were growing up?
446:  I reckon so that's what {NS}.
Interviewer:  What is the kind of corn that you eat on the cob? Do you have a special name for it?
446:  Just corn on the cob is what I always called it.
Interviewer:  What do you call the top of the corn stalk? You say the corn is beginning to.
446:  Tassel.
Interviewer:  What do you call the stringy stuff that comes out of the end of corn shucks?
446:  Silk.
Interviewer:  The kind of small yellow crook necked vegetable that.
446:  Squash.
Interviewer:  What kinds of melons did you raise?
446:  Watermelon.
Interviewer:  The yellow kind.
446:  Mm-hmm. Sometimes I raised pine melons when they just come up.
Interviewer:  #1 What were they like? #
446:  #2 Ball and thick. # They were hard they looked like a watermelon but they're so hard you can't cut them.
Interviewer:  What did you do with them? {NS}.
446:  Well I just threw them I throw them away. I have uh mama has made uh preserves out of it.
Interviewer:  Did you ever grow the kind that was small and yellow?
446:  Cantaloupe.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Or did you call it something else? Did you ever call it muskmelon or mushmelon?
446:  Well there's difference in them cantaloupe and a mush muskmelon. I used to say mush melon I know when I was small.
Interviewer:  What was the difference in them?
446:  They were yel- more yellow and kind of long and yellow.
Interviewer:  They weren't round.
446:  Uh-uh.
Interviewer:  Okay. {NS}. What springs up in the wood and fields after it rains and it just comes up overnight those little short things what do you call those? You'd walk back and we'd go to a place where logs log rotted or there are leaves}.
446:  Mushroom.
Interviewer:  Okay. Do you have any other names for them?
446:  Toadstool.
Interviewer:  Did you remember seeing the little round thing that had the black stuff in the middle? #1 When you'd pop it like, like this to come out. #
446:  #2 {NS} come out. #
Interviewer:  What did you call that?
446:  I always called them mushrooms.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it the devil's {X}.
446:  No.
Interviewer:  We had a we had those at home but we called them devil {X}. If a man had a sore throat so the inside of his throat is all swollen you'd say he couldn't eat that piece of meat because he couldn't.
446:  Swallow.
Interviewer:  Okay. Can you no I. I ask if you can do something and you you answer no I.
446:  Can't.
Interviewer:  Then they ask you about sundown to do some work and you say I got up to work before sunup and I all I'm going to do today. Okay If I asked you to do something you don't want anything else you say I got up before sunup and I've been working all day and I what. You're ready to quit work and you say what?
446:  I'm not going to do anything else I'm tired.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
446:  #2 {NS}. #
Interviewer:  A boy got a whipping you say he did it I bet he did something he.
446:  Shouldn't have.
Interviewer:  Will you do it no I.
446:  Won't.
Interviewer:  When you get something done that was hard work all by yourself and your friend was standing around while that happened you say to the friend you You want to indicate something free and {X} how would you say that?
446:  You couldn't have helped me.
Interviewer:  Okay. Suggesting the compatibility of being able to do something you'd say I'm not sure but I. You think you might be able to do it.
446:  But I will try.
Interviewer:  Okay. If it quits raining by Thursday I blank get the yard work finished.
446:  Might get the.
Interviewer:  Okay. What do you call the kind of bird that can sing in the dark and sometimes when you were little hear it calling out and sounds real faint what do you call that? Had the big eyes.
446:  Owl.
Interviewer:  Okay. If it's making a funny kind of noise. Do you have two kinds of owls here?
446:  Called a hoot owl.
Interviewer:  #1 And do you have another kind? #
446:  #2 It's called a horn owl. #
Interviewer:  Do you have anything called a screech owl?
446:  Screech owl mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  The kind of bird that drills holes in trees What do you call that?
446:  Woodpecker.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it peckerwoods.
446:  Peckerwood yeah.
Interviewer:  The kind of black and white animal with a powerful smell.
446:  Old cat. Or skunk.
Interviewer:  What would you call animal that lays in hen roofs?
446:  Call it a possum.
Interviewer:  Okay. Did you have a name that would include any kind of animal that came to the hen house? You'd if you didn't know what kind of animal it was you weren't sure it was a possum you'd say a some something got in the hen house last night what would you call that?
446:  Just some animal.
Interviewer:  Would you ever day varmint?
446:  Varmint yes varmint.
Interviewer:  What kinds of squirrels do you have around here?
446:  Red {NS}. Red- gray squirrels. And red squirrels.
Interviewer:  Okay. Do you have anything sort of like a squirrel but it doesn't climb trees? Do you have any chipmunks around here?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  What do pearls grow in?
446:  Oysters. Mussels.
Interviewer:  What croaks in the marshes?
446:  Frogs.
Interviewer:  Okay. What kind of frog would that be in the marshes?
446:  Bullfrog.
Interviewer:  Okay. What would you call the little frog that you see in the screen hopping around on the land.
446:  Toad frog.
Interviewer:  Okay. Is there any difference in the brown frog hopping around on the land and those little green frogs on land. Do you have a different name for those?
446:  The little green frogs I always called them rain frogs.
Interviewer:  Okay. They come out after a rain.
446:  Mm-hmm. I found one in in here the other night. When I was sweeping the floors, flowers, {X}. falling on the floor I got the broom and begin to sweep and I got down to that door there and I saw little green thing and I took my broom and I just kept raking it thought it was a part of that flower and it never I never could get it off the floor and I picked it stooped down to pick it up and it jumped and went toward my bed {C: laughing}.
Interviewer:  Did you get it out?
446:  I lost it.
Interviewer:  #1 So it's still in the house. #
446:  #2 No I lost it that # for a short time then and I just kept a hunting and kept a hunting finally picked up some more bedroom shoes sitting there side the bed and it hopped I found it it hopped in and I didn't know what went with it. And I just give up. And later I come back to through shut the front door and it was up here in the floor. And I had a dust cloth in my hand and I done it done it went and caught it and took it out on the porch Opened it up and took it by it's hind legs and sent it out in the yard.
Interviewer:  {NS} Angela and one of her friends uh this summer caught about a dozen lightening bugs and put it in our house at night and didn't tell us about it {NS}.
446:  Oh yeah!
Interviewer:  Can you imagine waking up in the middle of the night and seeing those things lighting up in your bedroom.
446:  Well you know I never
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
446:  #2 never saw # never see a lightning bug now. A long time ago it would just just everywhere you looked there's just flashing.
Interviewer:  We have a lot of them where we live. Just all over the place the kids after supper spend a lot of time catching them and letting them go.
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  They sure filled our house with a lot of them. What do you call those things that you dig up to go fishing with?
446:  Earth worms.
Interviewer:  What do you call the hard shell thing that can pull it step into it's shell it's head and legs what do you call that?
446:  A gopher.
Interviewer:  Okay. Do you have other names for it? If it lives at the water what would you.
446:  A turtle.
Interviewer:  Okay. The kind of thing that you find in freshwater streams it's got claws and when you turn it over a rock it often swims away backwards.
446:  Crawfish.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it craw {X}.
446:  {X}. I believe I always called them crawfish.
Interviewer:  What do you call the small thinned housed animals with thin almost transparent shell that are caught by dragging {X} on the bottom of the {D: bay golfer} stream. At the fish market you might ask for a few pounds of they're the little pink things and you sometimes they're battered and fried.
446:  Shrimp.
Interviewer:  Okay. The insect that flies around a light and tries to fly into it when you grab it the pattern comes off on your hands. It flutters.
446:  Panel fly.
Interviewer:  #1 Did you ever call it something else? #
446:  #2 Call it a moth. #
Interviewer:  Okay. What do you call the thing that gets in your woolen clothes and lay eggs lays eggs or eats up the woolen cloth.
446:  Moths.
Interviewer:  This is a long thin bodied insect with a hard little beak and two pairs of shiny wings it hovers around swamp places or damp places and eats its own weight in mosquitoes it, it's long and #1 Yeah. #
446:  #2 Mosquito fly. #
Interviewer:  What kind of stinging insects do you have?
446:  Wasps. Bees. Yellow jackets. Ants.
Interviewer:  Do you have the kind that makes the big paper legs. {D: Do you have that?}.
446:  Um. Every once in a while you can find one hornet. {NS}.
Interviewer:  I know that the homes that have hornets nests.
446:  #1 I had one time this man gave it to me #
Interviewer:  #2 {X}. #
446:  it was huge. He shot it down with his gun.
Interviewer:  #1 {D: Up it went in the tree.} #
446:  #2 Didn't have any wasps in it did it? #
Interviewer:  #1 Uh hornets huh. #
446:  #2 Or hornets or anything. #
Interviewer:  Now wasps usually they nest in the ground huh?
446:  #1 Uh maybe that's build yellow jackets mostly. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. # Yeah that's what I'm thinking about {X}. Uh what do you call that thing that makes its nest out of the dirt. You find it out on the.
446:  Dirt dog.
Interviewer:  The things that fly around at night and bite sometimes they carry malaria.
446:  Mosquitoes.
Interviewer:  What do you call those little tiny insects that you get on you when you go out blackberry picking and they suck the blood.
446:  Ticks.
Interviewer:  But the smaller ones than the ticks that suck the blood and they turn red.
446:  Chiggers.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call them red bugs?
446:  Oh red bugs yeah chigger's a tick I think. Been a long time since I saw a red bug.
Interviewer:  #1 Oh we had them at our house. #
446:  #2 {X} out on me. #
Interviewer:  When we moved in the back lot we had a lot of pines and pine straw. We had a miserable time. And we stayed pretty {X} because so many children and animals. What are the insects some green and some brown that hop along in the grass in the summertime.
446:  Grasshoppers.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call them {D: hoppergrass}?
446:  #1 I never did but I've heard it uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  #2 Did you hear that? # What do you call the small fish that people use for bait or throw back in?
446:  Minnows.
Interviewer:  What do you find stretched across the corners of the room that's made by spiders.
446:  Spiderweb.
Interviewer:  The parts of the tree that grows underground is called.
446:  The root.
Interviewer:  I don't know if you have this kind of tree here or not but I'm going to try it anyway. It's a tall shade tree with long white limbs and white sandy bark It's what Joe was it Joseph no in the bible.
446:  Sycamore tree.
Interviewer:  Yeah, who climbed the sycamore tree? What Joe is it? That he climbed up to see Jesus. Can't think of his name.
446:  I can't I just can't remember.
Interviewer:  But you have those growing here.
446:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  That's how it seemed. What did George Washington cut down?
446:  Cherry tree.
Interviewer:  Now I don't know if you have these here or not but we'll try it. This is the bush that grows along the road or by fences the leaves turn bright red early small clusters of berries or bobs used by old people in tanning leather growing on the bushes. You don't have that.
446:  No I don't.
Interviewer:  We didn't have those growing at home either. What kind of berries do you have growing here?
446:  Blueberries. Blackberries. Strawberries.
Interviewer:  Do you have huckleberries?
446:  Huckleberries. They'll be in the woods. Most of the blueberries are tame.
Interviewer:  #1 {NS} #
446:  #2 Down in the orchards. #
Interviewer:  And the strawberries are roaming the yards.
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Do you have any raspberries? I haven't seen any growing here.
446:  Well I just don't know what kind of those were down at this berry farm down here where the grape farm is one time when they first put the set that out they had some kind of berry.
Interviewer:  Were they good for making jam?
446:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Did you ever make them?
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Did you make just like blackberry jam?
446:  {X}
Interviewer:  Some berries that you find growing you tell your children not to eat because they are.
446:  Poison.
Interviewer:  What do you call the tall tree with large glossy green leaves that have the great big white flowers that smell so good.
446:  Magnolia.
Interviewer:  You'd call it anything else? Did you ever heard it called anything else?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  Did you ever hear it called cucumber tree?
446:  No. Have you?
Interviewer:  No (NS}. {NS}. {NS}. If a married woman doesn't want to make up her mind she says I must ask.
446:  My husband.
Interviewer:  Did you ever refer to your husband in any other way? Did you call him something else other than my husband?
446:  By his name.
Interviewer:  You didn't say my old man or anything.
446:  #1 No. #
Interviewer:  #2 else. # But you've heard people.
446:  Yes I've heard people say that.
Interviewer:  Okay. If a man were to do the same thing he would say I must ask
446:  The old lady.
Interviewer:  Is that what Sam used?
446:  No never {NS}.
Interviewer:  A woman who has lost her husband is called.
446:  Widow.
Interviewer:  Did you ever hear widow woman?
446:  Yeah. {D: widow woman}.
Interviewer:  #1 But you don't use. #
446:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  Now um A woman whose husband is dead is called a widow now what would the woman be called whose husband he just walked out and left her and he's still alive.
446:  A grass widow.
Interviewer:  The man whose son you are is called your. The man that was in your house when you were growing up you called him your.
446:  Daddy.
Interviewer:  Okay. But he was also your.
446:  Father.
Interviewer:  Okay. And his wife is called your
446:  Mother.
Interviewer:  Okay what did you call your mother
446:  #1 Mama. #
Interviewer:  #2 when you were growing up. # Did you call her anything else?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  {NS}. Your father and mother together are called your.
446:  Parents.
Interviewer:  Your father's father is called your.
446:  Grandfather.
Interviewer:  His wife would be your.
446:  Grandmother.
Interviewer:  Okay. What did you call your grandfather when you were growing up.
446:  Grandfather.
Interviewer:  Both of them?
446:  I just had one. One of them was dead.
Interviewer:  What did you call your grandmother.
446:  Uh Called one grandma and I called one ma.
Interviewer:  Just ma. I had a grandfather I used to call pop. Something on wheels that you put a baby in and has room to lie down and you wheel it around what would you call that?
446:  A buggy. Um.
Interviewer:  Your children are your sons and.
446:  Daughters.
Interviewer:  Your children are boys and.
446:  Girls.
Interviewer:  If a woman is going to have a child you say she's.
446:  Pregnant.
Interviewer:  Okay. What were polite terms that you'd use for that when you were growing up?
446:  Expecting.
Interviewer:  Okay you use that nowadays.
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Was there anything else?
446:  I tell you what when I was young it wasn't talked about much.
Interviewer:  {NS}.
446:  Like it is today. {NS}.
Interviewer:  Well are there any joking ways to talk about a person being pregnant. Like you look like you swallowed a watermelon seed.
446:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Anything else like that.
446:  {X}
Interviewer:  If you don't have a doctor to deliver the baby the woman who might come and deliver it would be called what.
446:  Midwife.
Interviewer:  If the boy and his father have the same appearance you say the boy.
446:  Looks like his father.
Interviewer:  If a woman has looked after three children until their grown up you say she has.
446:  Raise raised them.
Interviewer:  A child was born to an unwant unmarried woman is called what? Y'all just didn't talk about it.
446:  Ille-
Interviewer:  Illegitimate.
446:  Illegitimate child.
Interviewer:  Did you call it anything else? Did you refer to it as a bastard?
446:  Well when I was growing up I I didn't I never heard the word 'til I don't reckon 'til I was grown. But now then it would be referred to as.
Interviewer:  Your brother's son is called your.
446:  Nephew.
Interviewer:  A child that's lost both it's father and mother is called a.
446:  Orphan.
Interviewer:  A person appointed look after an orphan is it's
446:  Guardian.
Interviewer:  If you have lots of cousins, nephews, and nieces around you'd say the county's full of my.
446:  Relatives.
Interviewer:  Would you use any other word?
446:  Kinfolk.
Interviewer:  Okay. Would you call your mother, your father, and your own children your kinfolk. If your saying kinfolks you call them your what?
446:  {NS} Family or.
Interviewer:  #1 But you would never refer to them as kinfolk. They have to be cousins or aunts and uncles. #
446:  #2 Uh-uh. Mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  Yes yes the same family name and does look a bit like me but actually we're not.
446:  Kin.
Interviewer:  The name of the mother of Jesus.
446:  Mary.
Interviewer:  The name of George Washington's wife.
446:  Martha.
Interviewer:  In the song eh you might not know this we'll try it wait till the sun shines. You've heard that? {NS}. {X} {NS}.
446:  Nelly.
Interviewer:  The nickname for a little boy named William beginning with a B.
446:  Bill.
Interviewer:  The first book of the New Testament.
446:  Matthew.
Interviewer:  How would you say {X}.
446:  Ms. Cooper.
Interviewer:  A preacher that's not really trained, doesn't have a regular pulpit, preaches on Sundays here and there, makes his living doing something else if he isn't very good at preaching you call him what kind of preacher? Okay. Uh Say a carpenter oh not be a very carpenter you might hire to build a chicken coup or something like that that wasn't really important you'd say he's what kind of carpenter? Did you ever use the term jackleg?
446:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. And what did jack the jackleg mean? #
446:  #2 Hmm hmm yeah jackleg. #
Interviewer:  #1 What I described to you. #
446:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  Okay. Would yous? Could you call a preacher a jackleg preacher? Did you ever use that? Could you use the term with a lawyer or a teacher a governor or a doctor or would it just be with something like a carpenter?
446:  Jackleg with a carpenter I think.
Interviewer:  What relation would my mother's sister be to me?
446:  My aunt.
Interviewer:  What would you call the commander of the army? Be the top man Eisenhower always was.
446:  Colonel.
Interviewer:  No, higher than colonel.
446:  Navy.
Interviewer:  No higher than navy. The one that's up at the top.
446:  Jimmy.
Interviewer:  The old gentleman who introduced Kentucky Fried Chicken what would you call him? Sanders.
446:  Sand- Colonel Sanders.
Interviewer:  What would you call the man in charge of the {D: chill}. What would you call the top person on a football field.
446:  Coach.
Interviewer:  No not the coach the one on the team. That he's the
446:  #1 Oh. #
Interviewer:  #2 what of the team? #
Interviewer:  Captain.
Interviewer:  The man who presides over the county court what do you call him? The one who sits up and he hears the cases.
446:  Would be the judge.
Interviewer:  Okay. Someone who goes to a hospital is called a hospi-.
446:  Pupil.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
446:  #2 I reckon. #
Interviewer:  A boy or a girl in school is you you'd would refer to as a pupil now what would you call somebody who went to college would you still use pupil or would you use another word.
446:  No we wouldn't use pupil but I just can't think {NS}.
Interviewer:  Would you call a person going to college a college student.
446:  Yes student.
Interviewer:  #1 But you wouldn't use student in high school usually. #
446:  #2 Uh. Uh. # Mm.
Interviewer:  #1 What would you you'd you'd okay. Would you use #
446:  #2 Yes it would be a high school student. #
Interviewer:  uh what would you use with grammar school kid. You'd be more likely to use pupil.
446:  Pupil right. Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  A woman in an office who handles the boss's mail, schedules his appointments, and {X}.
446:  Secretary.
Interviewer:  A woman who appears in plays, or movies, or on television is called what.
446:  Movie star.
Interviewer:  {D: Events} do you use another word? Would you call her an actress?
446:  Actress.
Interviewer:  Okay. Your nationality people who are born in the United States are what?
446:  American.
Interviewer:  What do you call black people?
446:  Negros.
Interviewer:  But you would be called what?
446:  White.
Interviewer:  Would you have a special name for children born of {D: freshly} mixed people. A black and a white parents for instance.
446:  No.
Interviewer:  Did you call them high yellows or mixed.
446:  Just be mixed.
Interviewer:  The white people who aren't well off don't have much education and they are generally lazy how do you refer to those kinds of people?
446:  Sorry.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call them white trash?
446:  White trash.
Interviewer:  Did you ever say poor white trash?
446:  Poor white trash. Poor white trash.
Interviewer:  If someone is waiting for you to get ready so that you can go out with him and he calls to you hey will you be ready soon you might answer I will be with you in.
446:  In a minute.
Interviewer:  You know you're on the right road but you aren't sure the distance you ask somebody how.
446:  Far is it.
Interviewer:  You're pointing out something nearby you say you point to it right here and you want somebody to look at it you say what.
446:  Looky here.
Interviewer:  Okay. If you want to know how many times you say how blank do you go to town.
446:  How many times {NW} do you go to town.
Interviewer:  You agree with a friend when he says I'm not going to do that and you say you agree with he says I'm not going to do that and what do you say.
446:  I'm not either.
Interviewer:  What else would you say? We're just having regular conversation.
446:  #1 And I say well I'm not going to. #
Interviewer:  #2 I don't blame you. # Do you ever say me neither?
446:  Me neither {NS}.
Interviewer:  {NS}.
446:  #1 Me neither. #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} you say. # {NS}. What's this called?
446:  Well I was raised to call it a fard.
Interviewer:  Okay. Is that what you still call it?
446:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  That's what I call it too When you go to the barber you have your.
446:  Hair cut.
Interviewer:  If you have a shaver for quite a while he might cut your or shave your.
446:  Beard.
Interviewer:  Where did the old time store keeper keep his pencil when he wasn't using it? So that it would be handy. Where did he stick it sometimes?
446:  Behind his ear.
Interviewer:  Okay.
446:  #1 Mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  #2 Which ear would he likely put behind it. #
446:  His right one.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay if he's left handed where then would he put it? #
446:  #2 I guess his left one. #
Interviewer:  If someone's moaning you say take that chewing gum out of your.
446:  Mouth.
Interviewer:  He got a chicken bone stuck in his.
446:  Throat.
Interviewer:  You wear a tie around your.
446:  Neck.
Interviewer:  What do you call this little part of the neck right here?
446:  Adam's apple.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it anything else?
446:  Goozle. {NS}.
Interviewer:  Does goozle mean just the Adam's apple or the whole throat or what?
446:  Goozle means the whole throat.
Interviewer:  You have a dentist look at your.
446:  Teeth.
Interviewer:  He says he needs to fill that.
446:  Tooth.
Interviewer:  The flesh around the tooth.
446:  Gum.
Interviewer:  What would call this part of your hand?
446:  Palm.
Interviewer:  What would you call this? You make a I'm going to hit you with my.
446:  Fist.
Interviewer:  Okay and two of them would be.
446:  Fists.
Interviewer:  The places that bend on your body what would you call those? Those are your. Joints.
446:  Joints I reckon. Elbow and wrists and.
Interviewer:  The upper part of a man's body is called his. From the waist up you'd say what. Would you refer to it as chest?
446:  Chest I reckon so.
Interviewer:  You might say a man has broad.
446:  Shoulders.
Interviewer:  How do you measure a horse? Is it in inches or feet? You say a horse has so many what high.
446:  Feet. Yeah.
Interviewer:  What what would you call that? This is a. {NS}.
446:  #1 I don't have horses {NS}. Or had. {NS}. #
Interviewer:  #2 A head. {NS}. # I think I'm making the wrong motion. Okay two of them would be two
446:  Two hands.
Interviewer:  {X}. Okay what do you call this?
446:  Legs.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh and at the bottom is the.
446:  Toes.
Interviewer:  #1 Or the. #
446:  #2 Foot. #
Interviewer:  Okay and two would be called.
446:  Feet.
Interviewer:  Uh what do you call this part of your leg? Right here.
446:  The shin.
Interviewer:  You have got shin bones.
446:  Shin bones.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it anything else?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  You didn't call it shints?
446:  No.
Interviewer:  That's what my daddy called them. The shints. Okay if a person is going to squat down you might say he did what?
446:  Squatted.
Interviewer:  Would you ever use hunkered down on his hunches?
446:  #1 Well I I have I reckon. #
Interviewer:  #2 You've heard it. # That's what my daddy would say. He hunkered down on his hunches. Someone's been sick for a while gets up and about now but he still looks a bit. {NS}.
446:  Pale or weak.
Interviewer:  Did you ever use any other word? Did you ever say peakk?
446:  #1 You sure do look peaky today. #
Interviewer:  #2 You sure. Peaky. Mm-hmm. # If a man is very big and muscular and athletic you'd say he is very He sure is a what if he can pick up a lot of sacks of burlap.
446:  Strong.
Interviewer:  Would you ever use another word? Would you ever say he's stout?
446:  Stout. #1 He sure is a stout man. #
Interviewer:  #2 Stout man. # Somebody like a teenager whose all arms and legs and always stumbling over his own feet you'd say he's mighty.
446:  Gainly.
Interviewer:  When you use the word coming about a person what does it mean?
446:  Playing.
Interviewer:  It's not a a bad word for the person.
446:  #1 No. Uh-uh. #
Interviewer:  #2 You're not putting him down. # If an old man is still very strong and active and doesn't show his age you'd say he's still quite. Very strong and active and doesn't show his age you might say he's still what. Or he's a.
446:  Young.
Interviewer:  #1 {X}.{NS}. #
446:  #2 Okay. #
Interviewer:  I don't want to go upstairs in the dark. I'm.
446:  Scared.
Interviewer:  #1 Would you use any other word? #
446:  #2 Afraid. #
Interviewer:  Did you always say scared or did you ever say {D: seered}?
446:  I think I said scared scared.
Interviewer:  I don't understand why she's afraid now she.
446:  Never has been.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh She never has been afraid is that way would you say it? Somebody who leaves a lot of money on the table and the door unlocked you'd say he's miley mighty.
446:  Brave.
Interviewer:  No. Let's see. He leaves a lot of stuff lying around and if were somebody come by and pick it up you'd say he's mighty.
446:  Careless.
Interviewer:  There's nothing really wrong with Aunt Lizzy but sometimes she acts kind of.
446:  Goofy.
Interviewer:  Would you use any other words?
446:  Queer.
Interviewer:  {D: Okay}. Somebody who makes up his mind and nothing could make him change it is mighty You'd You'd refer to somebody that you couldn't change in any way You'd say he sure is what kind of person?
446:  Stubborn.
Interviewer:  Would you use any other words? Would you ever use set in his ways
446:  #1 Set in his ways mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  #2 Pig or. What about pig headed? #
446:  Well I probably say set in his ways #1 more. #
Interviewer:  #2 Would you say ornery? #
446:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Bullheaded?
446:  Bullheaded.
Interviewer:  {D: Yulehead}. Hardheaded.
446:  Hardheaded.
Interviewer:  Somebody you can't joke with without him losing his temper you'd say is mighty somebody that you have to real careful about what you say to him so you don't hurt his feelings and you can't tease him because he can't take a joke you'd say his mighty what how would you describe him? Would you say he's real touchy?
446:  Hmm. {D: I don't know}. {NS}.
Interviewer:  Would you ever use testy don't don't fool with him he's testy or touchy.
446:  He's touchy.
Interviewer:  I was just kidding him. I didn't know he'd get.
446:  Mad.
Interviewer:  Somebody is about to lose his temper you tell him just keep.
446:  Cool. Quiet.
Interviewer:  You have been working very hard you'd say you are very.
446:  Tired.
Interviewer:  Do you any other words for tired?
446:  No I don't think so.
Interviewer:  Do you ever say tuckered out?
446:  #1 I'm all tuckered out. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. I've said {NS} yeah. #
446:  I've said I'm all tuckered out.
Interviewer:  Do you ever use whipped?
446:  Whipped.
Interviewer:  I know the Holmes they say I'm whipped.
446:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Bushed. You'd ever used bushed?
446:  No I don't really use bushed.
Interviewer:  #1 Petered out is what we used at home. We're petered out mm-hmm. #
446:  #2 Petered out. Mm-hmm. Petered out I've said that too. #
Interviewer:  Pooped is what I've heard a lot of people use too. If she is sick today and it started last Sunday you'd say last Sunday she what sick?
446:  Was sick.
Interviewer:  No. She's been sick a week and you want to say that last Sunday is when she started being sick you'd say last Sunday she.
446:  Got sick.
Interviewer:  Would you ever say she took sick? Last Sunday she took sick.
446:  I don't whether I said she took sick or not. {NS}
Interviewer:  {NS} have you heard that used?
446:  I've heard it.
Interviewer:  If he has a cold today and it started last Sunday you'd say last Sunday he.
446:  Took a cold.
Interviewer:  #1 So you'd use it like that. #
446:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  If it affected his voice he is.
446:  Hoarse.
Interviewer:  I've got a little {NS}.
446:  Cough.
Interviewer:  If the medicine is still by the patients beside you ask why has he hasn't.
446:  Taken it.
Interviewer:  Okay. The patient might answer I some yesterday.
446:  Took some yesterday.
Interviewer:  And I'll.
446:  Take some today.
Interviewer:  If you can't hear anything you say you are stone.
446:  Deaf.
Interviewer:  He begins to sweat when he started to work by the time he finished you'd say he a lot in the sun.
446:  {X}. {X} talk about it.
Interviewer:  How many cows do you have now?
446:  I just have um eight cows and a bull.
Interviewer:  Do you.
446:  About twelve fifteen calves and heifers together.
Interviewer:  Do you take care of them by yourself with his help?
446:  With his help mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Do you milk any of them?
446:  No. My milk cow died. I hadn't milked cows until about ten years ago. But I really hadn't milked {X} since Sam died.
Interviewer:  So you just use them to make extra money.
446:  Mm-hmm. Don't make much extra
Interviewer:  #1 Not right now you don't. #
446:  #2 money. Now they've got they've got some # cheap {NS}.
Interviewer:  Okay we were talking about the person who worked real hard and he's sweaty by the time he finished working you'd say he did what a lot in the sun. He
446:  Sweated.
Interviewer:  You've been working hard and you take your wet shirt off and you say look how I.
446:  Sweated.
Interviewer:  Someone that comes on the back of the neck or on the body. {NS}