Interviewer
Mm-hmm.
What would you say uh
you were doing
if you had a piece of land with some water on it
to cultivate to to getting water off
you'd say you were?
And the thing that you would do to take the water off?
Okay.
What about a little bit of fresh water flowing along.
You call that a?
Okay.
Anything besides that maybe?
Sure.
Creeks around here have names?
Mm-hmm.
{NW}
What about the rivers in the area?
What would you call a
say a place that's been gradually eroded by
falling water maybe till it's ten feet across
ten feet deep.
Okay.
Do people around here
Right.
Right that's what I was gonna
Would a ravine be the same thing?
Right.
Well what about around the ocean.
What would you call a bit of water that flows in and out with the tide?
A whole slew of water.
Any of that?
Okay.
Right.
Okay.
What if you were a slight elevation in the land?
Um slight elevation in the land you would say you were on a little
What?
You said a knob of a hill.
Is a knob a part of a hill?
Talking about here in the mountains
what about the rocky side of a mountain that drops off sharp
what would you call it?
Yeah the plural too.
Right.
Yeah.
So you're the old gun firer
so every time they've shot a person they would
carve a?
What about a place where boats would stop on
They're called a wharf?
Say a place in the mountains where water falls the longest that you
Huh okay.
And uh what about the uh
the road surfaces around here uh
the stuff out there called uh
whatever extension of Jackson
what area what would you call that that surface?
Yeah.
Okay.
And the sticky stuff is?
What about uh
say something that the cows always walk down from the pasture but they're coming in from the
Okay.
Have you ever heard any word for a strip of grass between the street and the sidewalk?
Maybe in residential areas?
Uh you know you just got the street here
Sidewalk along it and it's just a strip of grass.
back between the sidewalk.
Do you know where I'm talking about?
{X}
Um
Say if a dog jumped out that scared you
you might pick up a
Or a
And
Right.
Chunk it.
Right.
You vomit
uh
Is that a neutral term for you?
Or is it does it have any kind of joking or
derogatory connotation?
Alright {NW}
What about barf?
{NW}
Did you say you upchuck is that?
Have you ever heard flash used like that?
During that you had to go flash.
Toss your cookies?
Where's that?
Okay.
Uh.
Alright.
Uh if somebody if you're in the yard
and someone comes um looking for
uh she wants wants to talk to your wife and she's
cooking say well she's
Specific?
What room she's
Okay.
Uh
{X}
if you
like your coffee
uh with nothing in it say you?
Mm-hmm.
Typically you like it
milk?
Just kind of
Just put a little
Alright.
No milk you'd
say I like it you know
Just a
Sure okay.
Any other terms for um
I don't know if we talked about this or not
for for uh coffee without anything in it?
Yeah what would you what would you call that?
Yeah.
Anything else?
Sure.
Kay.
Ever heard barefooted?
Uh if somebody is not going away from me you would say he's coming right?
Okay.
Right.
{NW}
So sure.
Sure okay.
Um somebody that you met.
You weren't looking for 'em.
You say I just sort of ran?
Okay.
And if uh?
Sure.
If a girl is given a same name as her mother
and you say that the parents named the child?
Okay.
If you wanted your dog to get after another dog
what would you say?
What if you wanted him to cease hostility?
You want him to stop.
Come back to you.
Say anything.
Right.
What about a dog that's not a pure breed.
They sell different types?
Sooners?
Yeah.
{X}
{X}
Yeah what about a little tiny
noisy yapping dog that always gets to be a nuisance.
Can you general word for a dog like that?
Well it
Yeah.
{NW}
Okay.
Uh you might say you better watch out for that dog
it might?
Yesterday he?
He has?
Alright.
And uh herded cattle what do you call them?
Can you remember a time when
that wasn't polite usage in mixed company?
Aw baloney.
What about these animals
big burly animals that
would be plowing?
Mm-hmm.
What if you had two of 'em?
Would you call that a something of oxes?
Sure.
What about if you have a cow that's expecting a calf you say that cow's going to?
Yeah sure.
The cow is springing?
{X}
What about the male horse?
Were you going to say stallion?
Mm-hmm.
Okay.
{NW}
What do you say you do on a horse you get on it?
Yeah yesterday you?
And you have?
Okay.
If you can't stay on a horse you say you fell?
What about a kid who wakes up in the morning on the floor
you can say my goodness?
Yeah.
What about the things you put on the bottom of the horse's feet to protect?
You ever play a game with them?
What about part of the horses foot they go on?
More than one?
Okay.
Whatever you say.
{NW}
Babe Ruth.
What about the male of a sheep
what would you call them?
What about a big ram?
Really?
Yeah.
{NW}
{NW}
Oh lord.
{X}
{X}
{X}
Okay what would you call a male hog?
What about an unbred female?
You ever heard of guilt?
You mean
when you say barrow you mean?
Now that you mentioned what about
a very a little one?
And a little bigger than that but not quite adult size?
Would you ever use shoat?
Right.
Yeah okay.
What about these stiff hairs on hog's back?
Right.
What about their long teeth?
{NW}
It's going to be a goody to transcribe.
What about the thing that you pour feed in?
{X}
What about a hog that's got {X}?
There's a razorback there?
Okay.
What about the sound a calf makes maybe if it's hungry?
What about a cow?
Okay.
What about if you got
{X}
You do that well.
{NW}
Sure.
Uh what about animals like cows
mules or horses you say got a lot of?
What about feathered animals ducks?
What about a hen on a nest egg trying to hatch out something?
And a place for a chicken to live?
{X}
What about a piece of the chicken say if you're frying it?
The kids like to get something?
Sure.
Yeah.
What's {X} to the story there?
Right.
Okay um have you ever heard any
general term or comprehensive term for the inside parts of a hog that are edible?
You might not eat it but they are edible.
Okay.
Are these harder to taste?
Yeah.
Have you ever heard
{X}
{X}
Hogs
{X}
What about uh
this expression that farmers
Say if it's getting a little late.
you might say well like it's not so late it's right on the
Or it will say these animals are carrying over because they're hungry.
Sure.
Hey you ever heard a farmer
call his cattle
{X}?
That's the cow.
To get 'em to come to you?
It's called a bear
{X}
{NW}
Would you call calves any different way than cows?
Hmm.
You got into this the other day
uh when you were talking about making a turn in town
but what you would
say to the horse when you are turning your plow?
Mm-hmm yeah.
What if you were riding a horse and you wanted to get him started?
Mm-kay.
Yeah.
You mentioned a call to get pigs to come to you.
What if you want them to scatter?
Okay.
{NW}
Have you ever heard people kind of talk to their pigs
when they're feeding 'em?
Would they
I mean you know
something that
might say uh
Do you do that kind of thing?
Would you only say that when you're feeding them?
What about chickens?
Yeah.
Sure.
Yeah.
Call snakes?
Oh.
{X}
Right.
{NW}
Okay
{NW}.
What about if you wanted to get your horse ready to
go somewhere?
Put on the bridle and uh the uh
saddle and that and say you're going?
Uh what about if you were going to get him ready to
{X}
Well the harness?
For the buggy are you?
Yeah.
What about the kinds of things you hold in your hands when you're riding the horse?
Plow lines damn.
What about what you put your feet in?
{NW}
{X}
Oh no
{D: It's a treat}
What about
{X}
If you had two horses hitched to a wagon
anything in particular that you would call the horse on the right?
Or which one exactly is he the one?
{NW}
{NW}
Okay.
Say this expression
if something is not right here
or at hand you say
it's just a little over?
Okay.
Just a little way ways?
Say if you've been traveling
and you're not yet finished where you going.
Say you gotta go to- to
Nashville and you stopped in Jackson
so you still gotta?
{X}
Sure.
{NW}
Okay something that
something very common you don't
have to look for it in spatial place you say
you can find that just about?
Mm-hmm.
Alright.
If I fell down and fell that way, you'd say I'd fell?
Okay and that way?
Uh
Uh
Say if you been fishing
just had miserable luck.
And the first thing somebody asks you is say how do you do?
What would you probably say?
You ever heard people around here say anything like
{X}
{NW}
{NW}
{NW}
{NW}
{X}
Yeah.
{NW}
{NW} Sure.
{NW}
Right okay.
{NS}
What you call the trenches that are cut out by a plow?
Mm-hmm.
Uh-huh.
Okay.
If you have a big yield
you say you raise big?
And if you got some land with bushes and trees on it
you wanna put it in cultivation.
What do you say you do to it?
Okay.
Say if uh
if a farmer just cut his hay off
and when it comes back again
a second time what do you call that?
Well if it's just gonna just grows again?
You call that a second crop?
What would you call something that
uh comes up in a field even though you didn't plant it.
No what say if gotta a
field of
beans a cob of corn comes up that you didn't plant.
Ever heard it call it volunteer crop?
Right.
I don't know if you ever grew wheat around here.
Say you cut wheat.
You would gather it and tie it up and cut up into a?
{X}
Okay.
Very roughly how much corn an acre did you say you could yield?
What would you say you did to oats
separating the grain from the {X}?
You say thrash?
Okay.
Some pronouns I'm going to ask you about.
Say we're not using names
we gotta do a job together
you would say that
and have to do this.
Sure okay.
Alright what about a girl?
Okay.
Uh
What if you say that job's not for one of us but it's for?
Okay.
Say if you were going to identify yourself.
Again without using your name
you knock on the door.
Sure.
Say if you were identifying another adult without using his name.
You would say that?
Okay what about?
What about several peoples' names.
Okay.
Right.
Comparing how tall you are.
You say he's not as tall as
Okay or the other way around I'm not as
Okay um
If something belongs to me you say that?
Alright it belongs to both of us?
{NW}
Uh
lord.
{NW}
Oh no we're doing fine.
{X}
Uh we've been talking about y'all.
What about the possessive of that?
Sure.
Do people around here say y'all's?
Okay.
Say this is a question
if I had been to a party you didn't get to go
and I was telling you about it afterwards
and you wanted to know who's as the party
what would you ask?
Okay.
Sure.
Now if I if I had been to your speaker.
And you didn't get to go out and I was telling you about it
you know if you wanted to say what would you ask?
Or?
Sure do you ever hear people around here say
who all was there and what all did they say?
Could you say that for me?
Uh
No.
Oh that's a
Okay.
Um
this reflexive
if if no one else will do it for him
you say he's gotta do it?
Uh would you ever say anything different for him?
Okay.
Oh yeah.
Yeah.
{NW}
What would you have
We associate the black usage that uh irritates you.
What it is.
You know something else.
What about the different types of bread that come to mind?
{NW}
Right okay.
Something to say that they
basically there's just two types of bread.
There's type you made at home.
That's homemade bread.
By the store that's?
Okay.
Talking about cornbread
what would you call the stuff made with corn meal?
In round spheroids
with onions and particularly with fish?
Sure.
{NW}
Yeah.
What about
uh
Does hoe cake mean anything to you?
Right made with corn meal.
That's a fritter?
Okay.
Yeah.
Do people around here talk about corn pone or a pone of corn?
Okay.
Have you ever heard of a corn dodger?
Never heard of that.
{X}
What about {X}{NS}?
Alright okay.
We were talking about pancakes
have you ever heard them called anything else?
Hot cakes?
{NW} right.
About how much garbage would you take out
{X}
{NS} Okay.
And two words for an egg there's?
Okay.
What about different ways to cook an egg?
Okay what would call a piece
of egg that you boil?
{D: Sow Billy}
fat back.
Okay.
Meat that you might slice thin to eat for breakfast?
Yeah.
What about a man who sells meat?
Okay.
Thinking about a lot of bacon
{NS}
without
having it sliced?
Sure.
You ever heard that called
middling?
Same thing?
Could you say that for me?
Yeah.
Uh
what about if you
slice some bacon off a slab?
You'd probably want to cut that tough part off.
Yeah.
Say if you kept meat for too long
you'd say it's done what?
{NS}
Little rank I suppose.
Okay.
{NW}
What about butter
it's that way?
It's gotten bad.
Blinky?
Have you ever heard anybody
say that butter's
got a funky taste to it?
It's got a funky?
Yeah what does that mean?
Get down.
What about
what could you make with a meat from a hog's head?
{X}
Well not exactly the brains but the
All that.
{NW} Sure.
Anything that you could make by cooking and grinding up hog liver?
{NS}
What do you think like
Liver sausage uh?
{NW}
You ever heard of anyone around here making a thing with the
blood from a hog?
Blue pudding white pudding?
{X}
{NW}
Have you ever heard of scrapple?
Scrapple?
What about fixed sour milk
that women would keep on hand in the kitchen?
Yeah.
What about that white stuff that people
go on diets eat a lot?
Yeah.
And say if you just milked your cow
something you could do to the milk to get some of the impurities out?
Or?
Or pouring it through a?
What about a
A dessert you could make in a deep dish
say with apple slices or peach slices
and had a thick crust?
Not exactly a pie.
It kind of goes all the way through.
Yeah.
This expression someone that has a good appetite
you say he really likes to put away his?
Okay.
Ever hear vittles?
{NW}
What about a sweets uh
liquor you might pour over a pudding?
Food that you eat between meals you call a?
Okay and at seven o clock in the morning you say you breakfast?
{NW} You have?
And I will?
Uh
If you want your
thirsty in the summer time you might just go
in the kitchen and pour yourself a?
Mm-kay.
Uh
Right and if you
do like so with the glass it will probably?
Yeah okay.
You did that and it
You have?
And if you're very thirsty I might ask you how much would you?
Well yesterday I?
{X}
Or you have?
Okay.
Say if you had some friends over for a meal.
Uh they're all standing around the table and
you don't want them to continue standing so you go ahead?
Or down.
So they went ahead.
They have?
And if uh
You don't want to wait until something's passed to them
Or yourself?
Go ahead yourself?
So I went ahead and?
If somebody passed you something
that you didn't like what would you say?
What should we say if you were among close friends or you were at a formal?
Oh okay.
Right.
Yeah.
Did you say despised?
Okay.
What about {X}?
Alright.
Just talking about food in general.
{X}
What do you call food that's been uh heated and served a second time?
Yeah.
Yeah what do you call the food that
{X}
Well like leftovers.
Okay.
And you say you put the food into your mouth that you can give to?
What about something like cornmeal or
boiled water if you add a little salt
kind of soupy stuff.
Anything done like that?
Yeah
not exactly dumplings.
more like mush or cush.
{X}
Goulash.
Uh-huh.
Uh thinking like peas beets carrots stuff like that they are all different kinds of?
Okay.
And particularly with southern food
white ground up corn
typically?
Well it's just ground up corn.
It's white you have it usually it's just
{X}
Sure.
What about whole kernel?
You used to boil it and wash it.
Sure.
Don't like
{X}?
{NW}
Okay.
And the starchy food that's growing
in flooded fields in Louisiana?
Say sugar
when it was sold
straight out of a barrel
before it sold
packaged it.
How would you say it was being sold?
Would you ever say it's been sold in a
B-U-L-K?
yeah
Uh-huh.
Right.
Okay.
And uh
condiments that everybody has shakers for.
Sure. Okay.
Say if I had a bowl of oranges and apples
and uh offered it to you.
You might say well I don't
think I care for an orange but
Okay.
Um
What would you say that the opposite of rich is?
Okay.
And what would you call a lot of fruit trees growing together?
Alright.
{NS}
What about the inside part of a cherry?
The hardest part.
What about a peach?
Do you distinguish between peaches
say the meat of the peach is tied against the seed.
Do you have to get in there and cut it out?
Whereas in some other peaches
Yeah.
You don't
say use the term clear seed?
{X}
No to any of that?
Mm-hmm okay.
Do you wanna stop?
What about the part of the apple that's
left after you
Okay.
Uh
do people around here
ever slice up
fruit like apples or peaches
and let 'em sit out and dry?
What did
Right.
Have you ever heard of {X}?
For dried fruit?
{NW}
What about uh different kinds of nuts that grow around here.
What about nuts that grow on the ground?
Have you ever heard it called ground peas around here?
Any walnuts?
What about these nuts the squirrels are bad about eating
in front of the trees.
That or uh
uh kind of a O shaped oblong
You know they make pies out of 'em.
Eat 'em salty.
Sure.
Okay.
Okay what do you call this kind of nut that
I believe a candy bar is made out of?
It's called a
Yeah.
Okay.
And the citrus fruit that
that grows in Florida
and California?
Right.
And the plural form you'd say?
What about uh
okay a few types of vegetables
this small red colored root vegetable.
Kind of hot?
Sure.
What about the plural form of that?
Okay.
These uh
do you have any of these
small variety of the
uh tomatoes around here that don't get much bigger than about that?
Cherry tomatoes?
Tomatoes.
{X}
Okay.
What about a couple of different types of potatoes?
Every heard of sweet potatoes called anything?
What?
{X}
Yeah first time I heard that was in Arkansas
from a a variation of
{X}.
for the same reason.
Sure.
{X}
{NW}
{X}
You got this thing that uh
when you peel it and it makes your eyes water.
Yeah.
What about the small variety that has the long stalk to it?
You see these in salad bars.
Okay.
Say if you left an apple or plum in the hot sun
it would dry up.
S-H an adjective beginning with those letters.
S-H-R-I-V
E-L?
Okay.
What about leafy vegetables that come to head.
Okay.
What about a few different types of beans?
So you have to do to butter beans to get 'em out of the pod?
{X}
Um if you wanted me to go to the store and get some lettuce
you would tell me to go get two?
Ever heard anybody around here
say they had uh
five boys five girls
refer to the fact they have so many heads of children>
Okay.
Uh talking about an ear of corn.
What part did you take off the outside covering you call?
Okay.
What about the stuff that grows out the top?
Fine stuff.
That's funny.
What about the stuff you brush off the ears the stringy stuff?
Ever call it the silk?
Okay.
What would you call corn that's tender enough to eat right off the ear?
Mm-hmm.
{NW}
I have this thing uh
cards thing that you make jack-o-lanterns out of
What about a yellow crook neck vegetable?
Yeah okay.
And uh different kinds of melons?
Kind of like a honeydew?
{NW}
{NS} What about these things that grow in peoples' yards that look like umbrellas on 'em?
{NS} {X}
Sure.
Guy was psychedelic.
You ever heard a mushroom called anything else?
{NW}
Alright.
This expression
somebody offers to do you a favor you might say?
Well thanks but I just don't want to be?
Sure.
Okay.
Uh
Say if a small boy is trying to dare
trying to do do something.
Walk through a graveyard at night
uh he might say something like
well I'll dare you to do that but I bet you?
Is there any
do you ever
do you ever find yourself
{X}
I'll dare you to do that but I bet you
turn a dare into a negative.
Well like dare?
Dare
don't dare do that
Okay.
Right okay.
Say if a m- uh
someone's mother is really getting on her kid
or something she might say something like
well now you're not doing what you're?
Okay.
Or the boy got a whipping you might say he did something he?
Okay.
And in refusing to do something in a strong way
you might say
{X}
Okay.
Alright
uh few birds and animals.
What about this bird that can see in the dark?
Well bird really
um I don't I don't think bat's a bird.
Are there different types around here?
Right.
What about a bird that drills holes?
In trees?
{X}
Right.
What about a