interviewer: hmm #1 That's interesting. # 579: #2 But in # New Orleans, oh, that was regular procedure. interviewer: uh-huh 579: Give 'em something for lagniappe. interviewer: uh-huh And what might a woman wear over her dress in the kitchen? 579: A woman what? interviewer: What would a woman wear over her dress in the kitchen? 579: Usually, nothing but an apron. interviewer: mm-hmm And to sign your name in ink you'd use a? 579: Pen. interviewer: And to hold a baby's diaper in place? 579: Safety pins. interviewer: And a dime is worth? 579: A what? interviewer: A dime is worth? 579: Ten cents. interviewer: mm-kay And 579: And nickels became known as jitneys after a while. interviewer: Jitneys? 579: J-I-T-N-E-Y. interviewer: hmm Wh- Well, how did they get that name? 579: {NS} Can't imagine. We had street cars years and years ago and after they'd discontinued- well, before those we had horse drawn cars. They were not as large. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: But after the street cars were discontinued, eh some men r- operated what they called jitneys around here. It was a form of public transportation which would could carry a few persons. Maybe uh one in the front seat and three in the back. The fare was pretty low and they called 'em jitneys. interviewer: mm-hmm Was the fare a nickel? Is that 579: I don't remember. I think so. Must have been a nickel. Don't see how they made any money on it. Gasoline was not ex- as expensive then. interviewer: And say if a man was going to go to church on Sunday, what what would he wear? 579: Generally, a blue suit. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: And sometimes and very frequently blue serge, S-E-R-G-E, suit which, in time, grew shiny and slick on the seats of the trousers. {NW} interviewer: Th- this used to be a three part suit, didn't it? 579: The what? interviewer: Used to be a three part suit, didn't it? Three piece suit? 579: Coat, vest, and trousers. There are still some. interviewer: uh-huh Is there any other name for trousers? 579: Pants. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: Britches. interviewer: And say the if a man was out, um, working around the, uh, barn or working outside he might wear something, it'd come up all the way? 579: Overalls. interviewer: uh-huh And say if you went outside without your coat then you got cold and you wanted it you might tell someone would you go inside the house and what me my coat? 579: Put on a coat or a sweater or a jacket. interviewer: Or if it's inside you your coats inside, you'd ask someone else to go go inside and what me my coat? 579: Uh i- uh, if you were outside you want to send somebody inside? interviewer: uh-huh 579: You just tell 'em what you wanted and where to look for it. #1 Coat # interviewer: #2 Okay # 579: jacket, sweater, what it might be. Although, the term jacket is comparatively new. interviewer: mm-hmm And say if, um, if you came home from from work and, um, say a man came home from work and there was a a package there, um, You ask where did it come from? Uh, his wife might say well, the delivery boy what it here? 579: Usually, the delivery boy'd bring it from a store. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: Grocery store, clothing store, what have you. Hardware store. interviewer: So, she'd say well, um, this afternoon the delivery boy? 579: Most likely she would say, uh, say Jones's Jones's grocery store sent it or Smith's hardware store or uh interviewer: Or talking about bringing it, you'd say they what it here? 579: Never used the term fetched. They'd say bring. interviewer: mm-hmm How how would you say it? You'd say this afternoon they what it? 579: Brought it. interviewer: hmm? 579: Brought it. interviewer: mm-kay And um and or another way of saying that, you'd say they have what this package here? They have? Using 579: Oh, you're speaking of of the person who sent it or the person who brought it? interviewer: Well #1 talking about # 579: #2 Well # interviewer: bringing it, you'd say they have what it here? 579: Brought it. They have brought it here. They brought it here or have brought it here it just interviewer: mm-kay 579: Colored folks would say toted. interviewer: Wh- white people would never say tote? 579: Oh, yes, some of the, uh, less educated ones. interviewer: uh-huh What about fetch? 579: About what? interviewer: What about fetch? Fetch? 579: Fetch. Seldom used. Mostly in the north and east. #1 Mainly in # interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 579: the east. We al- almost never use it down here. interviewer: mm-hmm And you'd say, well, that coat won't fit me this year but last year it what perfectly? 579: It fit perfectly. interviewer: #1 And # 579: #2 Or # we might say fitted. interviewer: mm-hmm And say if a man had an important interview and his clothes weren't in very good shape, he'd go out and buy a? 579: Well, he'd hardly do that just for one interview even when clothing cost less. He'd probably, uh, put on his Sunday suit. interviewer: uh-huh Well, if he had just bought it, it would be a brand? 579: Brand new. interviewer: What? 579: Brand new suit. interviewer: uh-huh And if you stuff a lot of things in your pockets, it makes them? 579: Bulgy. interviewer: And you say, well that shirt used to fit me until I washed it and it? 579: Shrank. interviewer: And you'd say every shirt I've washed has? 579: Has shrunk. interviewer: And I hope this new shirt won't? 579: Not shrink. interviewer: And if a woman liked to put on good clothes, she'd say she likes to? 579: Dress up. interviewer: Would you say that about a man? 579: Yes. interviewer: What if she likes to spend a lot of time in front of the mirror and straightening her hair and putting on make up? 579: Primping. interviewer: Well, would you say that about a man? 579: What? interviewer: Would you say that about a man? 579: No. interviewer: Okay. And what do people use to carry their coins in? 579: Purses. interviewer: mm-hmm And something that a woman might wear around her wrist? 579: Bracelet. interviewer: And around her neck? 579: Necklace. interviewer: Or, talking about beads you'd call that a? 579: Well, they would mention beads, yes. interviewer: You'd call that a what of beads, a? 579: String of beads. interviewer: mm-kay And what did mean used to wear to hold up their trousers? 579: Galluses. #1 {NW} # interviewer: #2 Okay # 579: No, suspenders. interviewer: uh-huh 579: But, uh, again, the persons who were not so well educated would call them galluses. interviewer: mm-hmm What about the last thing that you put on a bed? You know the fancy cover? 579: Counterpane. interviewer: How was what was that like? Was that made or? 579: Well, it's called a spread today. interviewer: mm-hmm What about something that would be put on the bed for warmth? A lot of little things sewn together and? 579: Quilt or #1 a # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 579: comfort. interviewer: Are those the same thing now? 579: Quilts are quite different from a comfort. They are or used to be made of uh odd pieces of cloth that women sewed together but they didn't have anything like the warmth that a down filled comfort or wool filled comfort has. interviewer: mm-hmm And at the head of the bed, you put your head on a? 579: Pillow. interviewer: Do you remember seeing something about twice as long as a pillow? 579: About what? interviewer: About twice as long as a pillow? 579: Bolster. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: That stretched a whole length of the top of the bed. interviewer: mm-hmm Did you ever hear the expression around here it went plum across the bed or clean across the bed or? 579: Both. interviewer: What- would you use either? 579: Oh, I don't know which was most used. Clean, I guess. interviewer: How how would people use those expressions? 579: What? interviewer: How would gi- give me examples of how they'd use those expressions? 579: Well, the bolster stretches clean across the top of the bed. interviewer: uh-huh What about plum? Would? 579: It would most likely be clean instead of plum. interviewer: mm-hmm What you heard both around here? 579: Yes. Mostly clean. interviewer: Would you use that word yourself? 579: I guess so. Yes, I've used it. interviewer: mm-hmm And say if you had a lot of company in over and didn't have enough beds for everyone. For the children, you might make a? Down on the floor, you'd make a? 579: Well, there's a term trundle bed but I don't think I've ever heard it used. Usually a cot. interviewer: mm-hmm Well, something I mean just directly on the floor by spreading the quilts on the floor. 579: That'd be a pallet I guess but I've never heard it used around here. interviewer: mm-hmm Where where did you hear the word? 579: What? interviewer: Where did you hear that word? 579: Pallet? interviewer: mm-hmm 579: In books. interviewer: mm-hmm And talking about, um, land, you might say, well, we expect to get a big crop from that field because the soil is very? 579: Fertile. interviewer: mm-kay And what different types of land are there? 579: What? interviewer: What different types of land are there? 579: Sandy loam. L-O-A-M. Buckshot. Miserable stuff. interviewer: Is sandy loam good? 579: Yes. That's about all I can think of. Buckshot and sandy loam. interviewer: What about gumbo? 579: Oh, gumbo! Certainly oh. That's dreadful. If you're if you get caught in a in a gumbo section of road, that is, if you did get caught in the old days before they were paved, sometimes your wheels would just spin around and you'd stay there. interviewer: {NW} 579: Very sticky and slippery and interviewer: mm-hmm 579: not fertile land anyway. interviewer: What's the difference between gumbo and buckshot? 579: I don't know. Pretty much alike I think. interviewer: Neither of them is much good for growing anything? 579: What? interviewer: Neither of them is much good for growing things? 579: I'm not enough of a farmer to answer that. I from what I've heard people say over the years they prefer sandy loam to either of #1 the others. # interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 579: One of 'em, I think buckshot, would get into very hard cakes if there wasn't much rain and I just don't see how any tender young plant could work through those cakes of hard mud. interviewer: mm-hmm What would you call, um, the flat land maybe along a stream? 579: Uh, flat land along a stream? interviewer: mm-hmm #1 Or a river. # 579: #2 A bottom. # interviewer: Hmm? 579: A bottom. interviewer: mm-kay What about a a grass land that uh, well, a a field that's good for clover or alfalfa, something like that? Just a a grassy piece of land? 579: We call it pasture land. interviewer: mm-hmm What about meadow or prairie? {D: Dago} 579: Meadow is very seldom used down this way. It's generally a pasture. interviewer: mm-hmm What about, um land that's got water standing in it most of the time? 579: {NW} Well, it might be called swampy land or boggy land. interviewer: mm-hmm Does does a swamp have trees growing in it? 579: Yes, mostly cypress trees. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: And some others. But, usually, second growth or third growth cypress interviewer: mm-hmm 579: grows where water is standing almost constantly. interviewer: mm-hmm What would you call it down around, um, the sea? Sort of uh, where you have salt hay, you know? 579: Near the sea you #1 say? # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # Wet wet ground near near the gulf maybe? 579: There's some grasses that grow down there and palmettos. interviewer: Would you call that a swamp or marsh or? 579: Both. Mostly swamp. interviewer: mm-hmm And say if you were draining a swamp, the things that you'd dig to get that water out you'd call that a? 579: Ditch or sometimes a drainage ditch. interviewer: mm-hmm And something along the side of the road to carry the water off? 579: A ditch again. interviewer: mm-hmm What about if if you had had kind of a a heavy rain {NW} and the rain water had had cut a little sort of a cut a a channel you'd? 579: We'd call it a a wash or a gully. If it's very large, we call it a gully. interviewer: mm-hmm If it's small it's a wash? 579: Maybe call it a wash, yes. interviewer: mm-hmm and If you had some water flowing along you'd call that a? 579: You mean alongside a road for example? interviewer: Mm well, just anywhere just out in a field just it's from well, you could have a river. It'd be pretty big. 579: Uh we'd call it a, oh, sometimes a creek. but usually a bayou. interviewer: What's the difference? or is there a difference? 579: Don't know exactly. I always think of a creek as having clear water in it. A bayou, never. interviewer: What do you mean clear water? You mean a a bay the water's been standing in a bayou? 579: No mud in it. Clear water. There's very little of that in this country. interviewer: Very little clear water? 579: Uh clear water. Mostly b- muddy water. interviewer: mm-hmm What are some of the, um, anything smaller than a creek? Or bayou? 579: Can't think of anything, no. interviewer: mm-hmm What are some of the names of some of the streams in this area? 579: Well, we have the Big Black River which is neither big nor black. It's muddy. Winds a great deal. Originates up here in the northeastern part of the state somewhere and it empties into the Mississippi about, uh forty miles below Vicksburg. And the Yazoo River, an Indian name, which came into the Mississippi, or was led into it by the U-S engineers, and flows past Vicksburg right now for the reason that in eighteen seventy-six the river in its uh meanderings would cut across instead of going around a long bend like that, it cut across. General Grant tried to do that when he was besieging Vicksburg but he didn't make it in eighteen sixty-three. But, in eighteen seventy-six it cut through there. Well, that left Vicksburg on a part of that bend right here that filled up with mud in the low water stage and steamboats couldn't come up here. So we had uh a floating wharf board down here in the river interviewer: #1 You had a what? # 579: #2 And they had to go # there. And they would go through the cutoff and skip this part that used to be the old bed interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 579: #2 because # it there was not enough water in there to float a boat. I walked across the old bed of the river right down there many time over to what we call Centennial Island which was left after the cutoff flowed around the bend and left that a island sticking out into the old river. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: And, uh, in high water, steam boats, and we used to have as many as, uh, I read about it in the paper every now and then, many as six coming in in one day right at the city front there. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: But, that was before the cut off. But in high water they could still come there and that big boat down there, the, uh {D: sprig} have you seen that? An enormous tow boat formerly owned by one of the standard oil companies. It pushed huge barges of, uh, barrels of oil and tanks of oil and what not and it was, uh, found obsolete after diesel engines were developed. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: So it's tied up down there they gave it to the city. It's now it has a now h- now has a restaurant on it {NS} and is used as a theater by the little theater for presenting a melodrama. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: Called gold in the hills. Very entertaining. interviewer: mm-hmm What, um, what do you call that place where the boats stop? When the freight's unloaded? 579: We call it a landing. interviewer: #1 mm-kay # 579: #2 And they # call that the city landing down there. It's paved now. interviewer: mm-hmm What what about something smaller than a river? What, um, are there different what are some of the names of some of the creeks? or bayous in this area? 579: Let's see, there's Chickasaw Bayou and, uh, let's see, the Sunflower River, well, that's larger than the Yazoo. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: uh Bayou Pierre down near Port Gibson thirty miles south. That's a little smaller than the Big Black. uh Oh, yeah, up north of Vicksburg about ten miles they have what they call Skillikalia Creek. But that country is a little stony. Some of that Vicksburg limestone I was talking about. interviewer: mm 579: The water is clearer. That must be an Indian name. Skillikalia. S-K-I-L-L-I-A-H S-K-I L-K-I-L L- I-A-H. Skillikalia, that's about it. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: And uh well, let's see, Glass Bayou. Don't know how it got that name. Let's see, the Sunflower, the Tallahatchie River the Sunflower River, both of them are larger than the Big Black River. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: None of them is right in the immediate neighborhood. Many of 'em have Indian names. interviewer: mm-hmm Is, uh, you mentioned a port. Is a port the same as a landing? 579: Is what? interviewer: You mentioned Port Gibson. Is a port the same as a landing? 579: {NW} Well, Port Gibson {D: may on the r-} may have been on the river once but it changes its channel so often that it hasn't been on the river in a long long time. I don't know whether that was ever on the river or not. It might have been. Otherwise I #1 don't know # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 579: why it'd have been called Port Gibson. A very old town. They've had schools and there not colleges, schools oh, for more than a hundred years. interviewer: mm-hmm But is what's the difference between a port and a landing? Or is there any difference? 579: Yes. A landing is a very simple affair. It's any place where a boat could pull up and put a gangplank ashore. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: And a port is, well, we have a port up here. at the north end of what used to be the river. and is now accommodating the Yazoo, diverted through by the U-S engineers. But that's quite a sophisticated affair. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: They have storage eleva- uh, storage spaces and elevators. and, uh, uh, a towboat factory and, uh, oh, a number of different uh industries up there. That's interviewer: mm-hmm 579: That's much more sophisticated than a landing. interviewer: mm-hmm and If you had a stream of water that was flowing along and suddenly it dropped off and went on over you'd call that a? 579: We have mighty few of those here. There's one in the Yazoo River. About ten miles north of us. That limestone I don't know what they call it, falls, I guess. But we have mighty few of them here, mighty few. interviewer: mm-hmm and To open the door, you take hold of the door? 579: Sometimes we say shut it. interviewer: For the door the thing you turn on the door, the door? 579: Well the handle. interviewer: Or? 579: Knob, knob. interviewer: uh-huh Did you ever use that word knob talking about land? To mean something like a hill or? 579: Never heard of it. Or if you get up into uh Kentucky for example they have low mountains they call knobs. interviewer: uh-huh 579: None in this country. interviewer: mm-hmm What would you call the rocky side of the mountain that drops off real sharp? 579: A precipice. interviewer: Or, say someone jumped over the #1 the? # 579: #2 pr- # precipice. interviewer: Or the overhanging thing would be the? 579: I think we'd call it a precipice. We don't have 'em in this country. interviewer: uh-huh And say, um, what different types of roads do you have around here? 579: Roads? interviewer: mm-hmm 579: Asphalt. Concrete. Years ago, we had nothing but dirt roads and gravel roads but, oh, its been many years since we replaced those. interviewer: What did they use in the asphalt roads? 579: They are the dark colored roads you see without any seams in them. interviewer: uh-huh 579: And, uh, they are easily repaired. Not quite so durable as a concrete road. But they've improved the quality of the material they put into them a great deal. They last a pretty long time. They're quiet, quieter as the car rolls along than a concrete road would be. interviewer: mm-hmm um what would you call a, um, little road that goes off the main road? 579: {D: Excuse me while I yawn.} A side road. interviewer: mm-hmm and what about a road that has a fence or trees on both sides of it? 579: Well, in some parts of the country they would call that a lane. But that's seldom used down here. interviewer: #1 Well # 579: #2 A lane # is generally short leading perhaps from the main road to somebody's property. interviewer: mm-hmm And a road in um town would be called a? 579: A road what? interviewer: A road in town would be called a? 579: Street. interviewer: And along the side of the street you have? For people to walk on? 579: Sidewalks. interviewer: You know, there's a a strip of grass between the sidewalk and the street. 579: No, because the sidewalk is strictly for pedestrians. interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 579: #2 And it's # it runs along the edge of a street. interviewer: Well, sometimes there's a some grass growing between the sidewalk and the street. #1 It's- # 579: #2 Grass # plot. interviewer: mm-hmm and say if you went to someone's house and knocked on the door and no one answered you'd say, well I guess he's not? 579: At home. interviewer: And, um, if someone was walking in your direction, you'd say he's coming straight? 579: Walking in what? interviewer: In your direction. You'd say he was walking straight? What? 579: Toward me. interviewer: hmm? What was that? 579: T-O-W-A-R-D. Toward me. interviewer: uh-huh and if you went into town and happened to see a friend of yours that you hadn't counted on seeing you'd say, oh, I just happened to run? 579: I'd say what? interviewer: I just happened to run? 579: Into. interviewer: mm-kay 579: Jim, we'll say. interviewer: uh-huh And if a child's given the same name that her mother has you'd say they named the child? 579: Well, that's a little confusing. For example, I have a sister-in-law named {D: Daniella} and sh- she's always been called Danny. She has a daughter named Danny who has a daughter named Danny and her sister has a daughter named Danny. All of 'em {D: Daniella} is shortened to Danny. interviewer: uh-huh 579: So we just have to sort of {D: vary everything else} just a little bit in a case like that. interviewer: uh-huh Well, you'd say say they named she named her daughter? 579: Named what? interviewer: You'd say that the daughter was named? #1 What? # 579: #2 Dan- # Danny. interviewer: What her mother? 579: Her mother's named Danny too. {NW} interviewer: Would you say they named the girl from her mother or? After her mother? Or? 579: After. interviewer: Uh-huh 579: We don't say named for, we say named after. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: May not be right, but that's what we say. interviewer: {NW} and If you were walking along and an animal jumped out and scared you, you'd say I picked up a? 579: You're walking along and what? interviewer: And an animal jumped out and scared you. You'd say I I picked up a? 579: We wouldn't use that term, picked up with. We'd say a dog ran out and scared me. interviewer: And then I I did what? I picked up a? 579: Well, we'd say a rock but that's not the proper term. A rock is a huge thing interviewer: mm-hmm 579: We'd pick up a stone. interviewer: And and I what it at #1 it? # 579: #2 And # throw it. interviewer: Anything you'd say besides throw? 579: Anything what? interviewer: Any other expression people would use besides I threw it at him? 579: No. Some people say shy and some say heave but we don't. interviewer: mm-hmm and something that people drink for breakfast? 579: Coffee. interviewer: And if you wanted some coffee um You'd say I want to go what some coffee? 579: I want a cup of coffee. interviewer: Well, if there wasn't any ready, you'd say I have to go? 579: Have to go? interviewer: Have to go what some coffee? If there if the coffee hasn't been prepared, you'd say I have to? 579: I have to go now. interviewer: Have to go what some coffee? Say I have to go cook some coffee or? boil some coffee or? 579: Oh well usually if the coffee was not ready you'd say I can't wait I've got to go now. interviewer: uh-uh Well, what expression would you use? Would you say I have to make some coffee? or boil some coffee or cook some coffee? 579: You mean the person who's going to serve it to you? interviewer: uh-huh 579: Yes. They would say make. interviewer: Okay And tell me about putting milk in your coffee. You'd say some people like it? 579: Black. interviewer: What? 579: Black. interviewer: What's black coffee? 579: Without any milk or milk substitute. interviewer: uh-huh And you said some people will eat corn flakes dry but most people like them? 579: With milk or cream. interviewer: mm-kay and you'd say this morning I what breakfast at seven oh clock? 579: I what? interviewer: This morning I what breakfast at seven oh clock? 579: Ate breakfast. interviewer: mm-kay 579: Ate breakfast. interviewer: and yesterday at that time I had already? 579: Eaten breakfast. interviewer: And tomorrow I will? 579: Will eat breakfast. interviewer: And something that people eat for breakfast made out of ground up corn? 579: Made out of what? interviewer: Ground up corn. 579: There isn't much of that but we have corn flakes well grits, of course, grits. interviewer: uh-huh 579: We've eaten grits around here ever since I can remember. Scores and scores of years. interviewer: uh-huh 579: Makes a good breakfast dish too if you have enough butter in it. interviewer: What about something that, um, that'd take the corn and soak it in lye water? 579: We call that, uh, hominy. interviewer: uh-huh 579: Sometimes it's called big hominy. Sometimes grits are called hominy. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: But usually just grits. interviewer: mm-hmm What about something that's white. It's made from inside of a grain and it grows in wet places. It grows in Louisiana a lot. 579: Made from the inside of what? interviewer: A grain. It's a it's a #1 starch. # 579: #2 Mush? # Mush is made with a meal #1 corn meal. # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # Well, no, this is its something its real common it's it's white and it grows in Louisiana. 579: It's a breakfast dish? interviewer: Oh no, no, its not a breakfast dish. It's just something people eat. It's a starchy food. 579: I don't know. interviewer: It starts with an R. 579: What? interviewer: It starts with an R. 579: R? interviewer: uh-huh It's real it's real common. People in China and Japan eat it a lot. 579: Can't think what it is. mm Begins with R. What time is it? interviewer: I'm not sure. 579: Whoop, twenty minutes after five. We'll be locked in here the first thing we know. I gotta be going anyway. interviewer: Well, do you want to wait until this tape runs out or it's it shouldn't be too much longer 579: Well how much longer do you think it'll take? interviewer: Probably about ten more minutes. 579: Ten more minutes? #1 Yes. # interviewer: #2 I think so. # 579: Well, I can't imagine what that i- R. Begins with R. A white interviewer: I was #1 thinking of # 579: #2 Does it # come from corn? interviewer: No. I was thinking of of rice. 579: What? interviewer: Rice. 579: Rice. interviewer: Do they grow that around here much? 579: Very little rice grown around here. I don't know of any. Up the delta, some is grown. Around Greenville. Um I don't know. Can't think of it. interviewer: mm-hmm Uh, well rice is what I was thinking of. 579: What? interviewer: Rice was what I was thinking of. 579: Oh. Rice. Oh yes, we eat a great deal of rice around here. My father was a South Carolinian and we had rice every day. interviewer: Oh really? um, Say if you were real thirsty, you might say I you I went over to the sink and poured myself a? 579: Glass of water. interviewer: Then you say the glass fell off the sink and? 579: Broke. interviewer: So you'd say somebody has what that glass? 579: Somebody has what? interviewer: Somebody has what that glass? 579: Broken. interviewer: mm-kay And you'd say but I didn't mean to? 579: Drop it. interviewer: And? Drop it and? 579: Break it. interviewer: mm-kay And, if you were real thirsty, you might say I what a glass of water? 579: Swallowed. interviewer: Or I? 579: You might say guzzled. interviewer: mm-kay um, or, if someone was thirsty you might say would you like something to? 579: Drink. interviewer: And you'd say, um, So he what? 579: Drank. interviewer: And You might ask me, how much have you? 579: Drunk. interviewer: And if you wanted your dog to attack another dog, what would you tell him? 579: Sic 'em. interviewer: mm-kay And what would you call a mixed breed dog? 579: A what kind of dog? interviewer: Mixed breed. You don't know what #1 kind. # 579: #2 Mongrel. # interviewer: What's that? 579: M-O-N-G-R-E-L. M-O-N-G-R-E-L. Mongrel, mongrel dog. interviewer: uh-huh What about a a little noisy small dog? 579: Uh, oh now, what's the expression? Oh Yes I stay away from dogs as much as I can um interviewer: Do you ever hear feist? 579: Hmm? interviewer: Feist. Did you ever hear that? 579: Well, that's mostly Well, the yes. Uh F-E-I-S-T, feist. interviewer: mm-hmm {NW} #1 What's # 579: #2 I don't # know what exactly what a feist is uh. It's a mixed breed for one thing, I think. interviewer: mm-hmm What about, um, any other kinds of dogs who what about a worthless dog? Just #1 That's- # 579: #2 What # kind of dog? interviewer: Just a worthless dog. 579: Curs. interviewer: mm-kay And, say if you had a mean dog. You might say yesterday my dog? 579: Bit a man. interviewer: mm-kay And then the person had to go to the doctor after he got? 579: Bitten. interviewer: Mm-kay. Would you ever say after he got dog bit? Do they use that expression dog bit? 579: That's not proper. Dog bitten. It's used though. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: Dog bit. interviewer: What about, um, tell me about cows, what do they call the male? 579: The milk? interviewer: The male cow. 579: Bull. interviewer: mm-kay Was that word nice to use when you were growing up? 579: Is what? interviewer: Was that word nice to use when you were growing up? 579: I think so. You had to distinguish between the bull and the cow. interviewer: mm-hmm What would call a little cow when its first born? 579: I don't know whether a heifer. I think a heifer is always a female. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: Pretty sure that's right. interviewer: What about the male? 579: Don't know. What they called the the young bulls. I don't know what they called 'em. interviewer: mm-hmm Or just a young cow whether male or female. It'd just be called a? 579: Well, one time I referred to, when I was down at Port Gibson to school, to a male heifer and one of the boys who knew something about cattle roared with laughter. He said a heifer's always a female. interviewer: mm-hmm So I don't know what they call the young bulls. mm-hmm Well, just, um, if you're just a a talking about cows the baby is called the? 579: Calves. interviewer: uh-huh And if you had you had a cow that was expecting a calf, you'd say the cow was going to? 579: Oh, I don't know. There's a term for that, I don't know what it is. Drop a calf maybe. interviewer: mm-kay And what did they call the male horse? 579: Male what? interviewer: Horse. 579: Just a horse. Or eh uh sometimes a stallion. interviewer: mm-hmm What about the female? 579: A mare. interviewer: mm-kay And you'd say everyone around here likes to what horses? 579: Swap horses. #1 Ride # interviewer: #2 {X} # 579: horses. interviewer: mm-kay And you'd say last year he what his horse every day? 579: Did what? interviewer: Last year he 579: Rode every day? interviewer: mm-kay But I have never? 579: Ridden. {NS} interviewer: And if you couldn't stay on, you'd say I fell? 579: Off. interviewer: And A little child went to sleep in bed and woke up and found himself on the floor in the morning. He'd say I guess I must have? 579: Fallen out of bed. interviewer: mm-kay And the things that they put on the horse's feet? You call those? 579: Horseshoes. interviewer: And the parts of the horse's feet you put them on? 579: The what? interviewer: The parts of the horses feet you put the 579: Hooves. interviewer: What's that? 579: H double O-V-E-S. Hoofs or hooves. interviewer: mm-kay And just one of those. You'd call the horse's? 579: H- hoof. interviewer: mm-kay Did you ever see a a game played with something like horseshoes only, um, it was played with rings instead of horseshoes. 579: Yes. Not often though. That takes too much skill. interviewer: Do you remember what that game was called? 579: Not quoits, I guess. Q-U-I Q-U-O-I-T-S, quoits. interviewer: Did people call it that around here? 579: {D: You} Very, very s- see that I think they call them quoits. Q-U-O-I-T-S. interviewer: uh-huh 579: It's not so hard with, uh, horse shoes. I don't know much about the game. But if you hit the iron pin at all you've got something. But getting a a hoop over a pin, that's something else. #1 Extremely # interviewer: #2 {X} # 579: difficult to do. interviewer: Uh-huh What, um, you mentioned people that had sheep. What did people raise sheep for? 579: For wool and hides. interviewer: mm-hmm And what did you call the male sheep? 579: A ram. interviewer: And the female? 579: Ewe. E-W-E. interviewer: mm-hmm And tell me about the hogs. When they're first born, you call them? 579: Is it gilts? G-I-L-T-S? interviewer: mm-hmm 579: Piglets. #1 I think # interviewer: #2 {X} # 579: it's G-I-L-T-S, gilts. interviewer: uh-huh. What about the the female? When she has pigs, she's a? 579: Sow. interviewer: And the male? 579: Boar, B-O-A-R. interviewer: uh-huh and If you had a, um, pig and you didn't want him to grow up to be a boar, what would you say you were going to do to him? 579: Slaughter it. interviewer: Or you're not going to kill him, but you want to? 579: Slaughter it. interviewer: Well, uh you could say castrate. Yeah. 579: Oh, it doesn't oh I see what you mean. Castrate, yes. interviewer: Is there any other term for castrate? 579: If there is, I don't know it. interviewer: Uh-huh. What would they call him then, after he'd been castrated? 579: I don't know. interviewer: mm-kay And the stiff hairs that a hog has on his back? 579: Bristles. interviewer: And the teeth? 579: Tusks. interviewer: mm-kay and what you put the food in for the hog? 579: Trough. interviewer: And if you had three of four of those, you'd say you had three or four? 579: Troughs. interviewer: And what what would you call a hog that's grown up wild? 579: Well, they have wild boars in foreign countries. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: Uh, but I don't know what they uh, term they apply to a domestic hog that's grown up wild. interviewer: mm-hmm 579: Don't know. interviewer: Say if it was time to feed your stock and do the chores, you'd say that it was? What time? Would you call that chore time or fodder time or feeding time #1 time? # 579: #2 Oh # that's outside my province. I don't know a thing about that. interviewer: Okay. Um, and what if you were going to feed the hens and turkeys and geese? What general name would you have for those animals? 579: We just say feeding. interviewer: mm-kay 579: I better open that door just in case the cleaners think this room is empty. interviewer: And a hen on a nest of eggs would be called a? 579: Setting hen. interviewer: And, where would you keep hens? 579: What? interviewer: Where would you keep hens? 579: Where would you keep 'em? interviewer: Mm-hmm 579: A shed, I guess. I d- I don't know much about that sort of thing interviewer: What about a small place just for the mother? #1 Hen. # 579: #2 Pen. # interviewer: Or a did you ever hear of a 579: A pen. interviewer: Or a coop or coop? 579: Oh, a coop, yes. We call 'em coop. It ought to be coop but we call them coop. interviewer: mm-kay and the noise that a calf makes when it's being weaned you'd say, the calf began to? 579: What was that? interviewer: The noise that a calf makes when it's being weaned. You say 579: A cow? interviewer: A yeah a calf. 579: A cat, mew. interviewer: No, a 579: A cat? interviewer: A calf. 579: Spell that. interviewer: C-A-L-F. 579: A calf. Moo. interviewer: mm-kay 579: Or bleat. interviewer: uh-huh What about the cow? What does 579: The cow moos. interviewer: uh-huh and the horse? 579: Neighs. interviewer: Or, the gentle noise. 579: What? interviewer: The gentle noise that a horse makes. 579: Whinny. interviewer: mm-kay And when you're eating chicken, you know there's a bone that goes like this. 579: Wishbone. interviewer: mm-kay any stories about that? Pulling it apart? 579: Oh there wa- is a legend that if one person grasps one end and one the other the one getting either the short end or the lo- the long end, I don't know which, is going to have good luck. interviewer: uh-huh 579: Nothing to it. interviewer: um, did you ever hear anyone call a cow? 579: Only on T-V. {NW} interviewer: Okay. But did you ever do you know what you say to a cow to make her stand still so you can milk her? 579: I certainly don't. interviewer: What about a calf? 579: You mean calling a cat? #1 Kitty kitty # interviewer: #2 A calf. # 579: kitty. #1 Huh? # interviewer: #2 Cow. # 579: Call it? Calling a cow? interviewer: Yeah. 579: I don't know. interviewer: Well, what about a to get a mule or horse to turn left or right? 579: Well, now, when they had oxen it was gee and haw. interviewer: mm-kay 579: But I don't know about mules and horses. interviewer: Did you ever hear anyone call a horse? 579: No, I think not. interviewer: uh-huh What would you say to a horse to get him started? 579: Get up interviewer: mm-kay And to stop him? 579: Whoa. interviewer: And 579: W-H-O-A. interviewer: To make him back up? 579: Back up. interviewer: Did you ever hear anyone call hogs? 579: Only on T-V. interviewer: What about sheep? 579: Never. interviewer: Chickens? 579: No. interviewer: Um, say if you wanted to get the horses ready to go somewhere. You'd say, I want to? Before you hitch them up, you have to? 579: Test them. interviewer: And 579: Harness them. interviewer: mm-kay and when you're driving a horse what do you hold in your hand? 579: The reins. R-E-I-N-S. interviewer: When he's when he's hitched to a a wagon, you call it the reins? 579: Get when he gets what? interviewer: When he's hitched to a wagon you call it the reins? 579: If you're riding it's still the reins. interviewer: Uh-huh If, I mean if if the horse is pulling a wagon. you've got him with the reins? 579: Yes. interviewer: uh-huh What are your feet in, if you're riding on him? 579: What do you feed him? interviewer: What are your feet in? 579: If you're riding, in stirrups. interviewer: mm-kay and if you're plowing, you know, the trenches that a plow cuts you call those? 579: Furrows. interviewer: And would you know what they call the horse that walks in the furrow? Would you? 579: No. interviewer: mm-kay and talking about distance, you'd say well, I don't know exactly how far away it is but it's just a little? 579: Distance. interviewer: Or just a little what over? 579: I've never heard anything expec- but distance used. interviewer: #1 What about # 579: #2 Oh # sometimes feet.