Interviewer: okay 579: when a fish tried to swallow the bait Interviewer: {NW} 579: you would feel a little tug and the cork would go under the surface or part of the way under the surface you had to watch your cork Interviewer: {NW} um 579: now course it's all different they have rods and reels and artificial bait we used worms and crickets Interviewer: {NW} 579: and it's quite different now Interviewer: um are there different kinds of worms or different names for worms 579: some of they service stations selling bait they refer to alfalfa worms I couldn't tell one from another usually just earthworms go out in the yard and dig and find some Interviewer: {NW} what about a kind of fish you could use for bait 579: minnows very small fish minnows Interviewer: and this is something you might find if if you picked up a rock in a stream it's got two little pinchers on it 579: crawfish Interviewer: okay and something that has a hard shell they can pull its neck and legs into its shell 579: you know I speaking of a turtle for you Interviewer: {NW} 579: we have them round here various sizes Interviewer: when you talk about a turtle are you thinking of something that's in water or on land 579: Both for example one day I was walking along a side street off of Cherry which is up here and there was a turtle a about four and a half inches in diameter walking along the paved street Interviewer: {NW} 579: but usually you find them around water Interviewer: {NW} 579: they one I saw had a rather high shell the ones who stay in the water most of the time have a more fattened shell Interviewer: {NW} 579: softer Interviewer: have you ever heard of them called a a cooter or terrapin or 579: Cooter yes heavens been long since I've heard that terrapins they're huge things you never hear that term used around here possibly we don't have any of them. Interviewer: {NW} what's a cooter 579: A cooter is just a small turtle it to the best of my recollection I haven't heard that expression in so long Interviewer: {NW} do you think of it being in water or land or 579: them oh that's amphibious the ones who spend most of the time in the water come out on the land too looking for food I suppose Interviewer: {NW} and talking about kinds of insects the kind of insect that flies around a light tries to fly into the light 579: we refer to them as moths Interviewer: okay um 579: or light bugs Interviewer: {NW} 579: that's not the real name for them that's what we call them the streetlights would have huge light bugs flying around them Interviewer: {NW} now you just call it a what 579: moth M-O-T-H Interviewer: {NW} what about an insect that has a little light in its tail 579: lightning bugs we call 'em Interviewer: okay 579: the I guess it's real name is a firefly Interviewer: {NW} what about an insect that'll um bite you and make you itch 579: make you itch well let's see uh Interviewer: or a little tiny I don't know if it bites you little tiny red insect that'll get 579: oh yes uh Interviewer: if you go blackberry picking maybe 579: oh what's the name the uh things uh yes I know what you mean Interviewer: you can hardly see it's it's real small 579: tick Interviewer: {NW} what what about red bug or chigger 579: oh red bugs that's what I'm trying to think of yes Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 579: #2 {NW} # the burrow under the skin and can make a {X} troublesome {X} it itches like everything Interviewer: uh huh and an insect that hops around in the grass 579: grasshopper Interviewer: have you ever heard those called hoppergrass 579: oh yes some people refer said call 'em hoppergrasses Interviewer: who who does that 579: those who are less careless about their speech who have not been well educated Interviewer: {NW} and kind of insect that might be flying around damp places you'd maybe see 'em around a stream it's got 2 pairs of shiny wings on it some people would say that they're a sign that snakes were near 579: oh yes oh there's also an insect that stays in trees and puts out a strange cry about sunset the real name is cicadas C-I-C-A-D-A Interviewer: {NW} 579: I don't know what we call 'em we used to refer to tree frogs I mentioned that Interviewer: {NW} 579: I haven't heard of those in a long time and and I don't see many lightning bugs as we call them because for the past 12 to 15 years we've been spraying the streets in the evening to kill mosquitoes Interviewer: {NW} 579: and they kill the other bugs too Interviewer: {NW} did you ever see something called a snake doctor or 579: yes oh now what's the scientific term for that oh they call 'em uh preying mantis {D: M-A-N-T-I-S-P-R-A-Y p-praying and mantis} oh uh uh de-devil horse Interviewer: what did you call them when you {X} 579: i think we called 'em devil horses Interviewer: uh huh what about snake 579: ooh so we have several varieties garden snakes moccasin snakes rattlesnakes Interviewer: uh huh what about snake doctor the kind that {X} 579: snake doctor that's it that's it snake doctor yes Interviewer: that's the same as the preying mantis now 579: what Interviewer: that's the same as the preying mantis 579: the preying mantis is the cousin of those Interviewer: well the preying mantis doesn't have wings does it 579: I don't know we never mentioned them around here but I think I know there's some kind of uh insect that's called a preying mantis Interviewer: {NW} 579: we never mentioned them that way Interviewer: what about um a mosquito hawk or dragonfly do you ever hear of that 579: I couldn't identify one to save my neck I heard them spoken of Interviewer: around here 579: yes Interviewer: what do what do they call them {NS} 579: come in Interviewer: {NW} england 579: {NW} Interviewer: you've been to England pretty 579: oh 3 or 4 times I like to hear them talk they're so much more precise than we southern people are Interviewer: {NW} which section of of England did you like the best did you get 579: #1 is # Interviewer: #2 out # in the country any 579: oh yes I like London best because it's steeped in history and just f-featured in so many books and articles I just enjoyed London you may have Paris I like London Interviewer: {NW} um what kinds of insects will sting you 579: wow we have two wasps and bees Interviewer: {NW} 579: A strange characteristic I've noted about wasps if you get near one get net where its nest is maybe the thing will fly around you and then make for your nose or maybe your eyes I remember one day we were playing tennis and it son of one of the players was there and that things zoomed in and st stung him on the nose it hurt like everything and he let it be known too Interviewer: what about a kind of insect that builds a nest like this 579: hornets Interviewer: {NW} 579: we have those too Interviewer: and something that builds a nest out of dirt 579: we call those dirt daubers Interviewer: okay 579: I think it's a variety of wasp Interviewer: {NW} um do you know if they sting or not 579: what Interviewer: do you know if they sting 579: No I don't. Interviewer: {NW} What about something that's um builds nests in the ground it's got 579: {NW} Interviewer: it's yellow and black 579: I don't know what that is Interviewer: you ever hear go ahead 579: years ago we used to try to catch what we call doodle bugs Interviewer: {NW} 579: we take a straw from a broom and mix a little mud on it and stick it down in there and if we saw it move a little bit we'd pull it up and here was a doodle bug a pale colored sort of thing with a little hump Interviewer: {NW} 579: near they head and that would they would use that hump to get up and down the the little hole Interviewer: {NW} do you ever hear yellow yellow jack 579: oop yes indeed I was about to forget the yellow jackets Interviewer: uh huh how do they build their nest 579: I don't know I have an idea that they lay make theirs pretty much as the wasps do Interviewer: {NW} up somewhere 579: what Interviewer: up some 579: yes and a sort of papyrus uh material it's not not always mud it's sometimes this uh sort of parchment like material such as wasps make Interviewer: {NW} 579: the not oh not uh yeah that's right wasps you find 'em hanging a big clump on a tree sometimes yellow jackets and wasps both Interviewer: {NW} 579: and you better leave it alone too Interviewer: {NW} 579: of course we we know that the bees make their cells of wax remarkable little insects we we have a few horseflies here too and if they bite you you know it Interviewer: say um if you hadn't cleaned a room in a while up in the ceiling in a corner you might find a 579: cobwebs Interviewer: okay what about something like that outside maybe across a bush 579: across what Interviewer: across a bush maybe 579: a across what Interviewer: a bush 579: bush oh they would just be called webs Interviewer: okay and the parts of the tree that grow under the ground are called 579: roots Interviewer: did you ever hear of using roots or vines for medicine 579: Yes and oh let's see years ago some people living in the country would come around selling sassafras I don't know whether the part of the root or part of a stem coming out of the ground but anyway you could steep them and make sassafras tea out of them Interviewer: {NW} 579: some people liked them just because there was something to drink and some thought it had medicinal qua qualities I don't know now Interviewer: {NW} and what different trees do they have around here 579: oh an endless list we have some of the finest hardwood that grows in this country oak, ash, hickory, gum, pecan, walnut which is getting scarce um let's see softwoods we have pine and cottonwood and sycamore Interviewer: {NW} 579: the one that's probably most used in building and in making furniture oak and gum next to that {NS} Interviewer: um and the kind of tree that um you tap for syrup 579: kind of tree what Interviewer: that you tap of syrup 579: we don't have any that I know of Interviewer: you know what it's called 579: well that maple tree is in New Hampshire Vermont Maine up that way Interviewer: {NW} 579: but we don't have those Interviewer: um did you ever live up there or did you just travel 579: no I've just visited up there on summer vacations Interviewer: uh huh um do you know what they'd call a big group of those um maple trees growing together 579: a grove Interviewer: {NW} and the kind of tree that George Washington cut down 579: George what Interviewer: the kind of tree that George Washington cut down 579: cherry tree is what we have very few of those they grow in the more northern climates Interviewer: {NW} what about um do you this is a bush or shrub the leaves turn bright red in the fall and it's got little clusters of berries on it 579: there are 2 kinds blackberries and blue and uh and uh dewberries Interviewer: {NW} do you have something called sumac or shoemake 579: yes the leaves turn a beautiful red color that's about the only vividly colored shrub we have in this climate Interviewer: uh huh what what do you call that 579: sumac Interviewer: okay and do you have a a bush or or shrub called mountain laurel or spoonwood 579: Not here that grows in the mountainous country. Interviewer: {NW} what about rhododendron or 579: No North Carolina is thick with them but we don't have them down here that's a mountainous Interviewer: {NW} 579: tree shrub. Interviewer: what about the the state tree of Mississippi what's that 579: Magnolia oh we have a good many of them and they they {NW} blooms were very large and they're right fragrant too Interviewer: Mm-hmm um do you ever hear those called anything else um do you ever hear it called a cow cumber or cucumber tree 579: No I never have. Interviewer: um what kinds of of bushes or vines will make your skin break out if you touch 'em 579: oh good gracious 2 of 'em {NW} uh poison ivy and poison oak Interviewer: Mm-hmm 579: Some people are very allergic to them I'm one of them. I don't want to touch any poison ivy oh well you hear more of poison ivy than you do with poison oak. Interviewer: Mm-hmm what's how can you tell the difference between them 579: I can't but the one that I recognize as being very harmful to me has a trifoliate leaf usually 1 petal goes up and 1 on each side and you can tell it's a vine alright and not a young tree or shrub Interviewer: {NW} 579: if you if you are allergic to them they can really make the contacts unpleasant painful Interviewer: what um kinds of berries do they have around here 579: blueberries and blackberries and I think there's some called gooseberries but I don't know when I've seen a one of 'em Interviewer: what about a red berry that you make shortcake out of 579: make what out of Interviewer: shortcake it's a red berry 579: don't know that Interviewer: you know straw 579: huh Interviewer: straw 579: shrub Interviewer: strawberries 579: strawberries oh heavens they grow across the ground delicious if you get them when they're ripe and put enough sugar on them Interviewer: {NW} 579: we don't have a great many of those around here mostly in the southern part of the state and in Florida Interviewer: they have well what do you call those 579: strawberries Interviewer: {NW} what about a a berry some of 'em are red and some of 'em are black they've got sort of a rough surface to 'em 579: blackberries are like that when they uh red they're not ripe Interviewer: {NW} what about rasp 579: what Interviewer: rasp 579: spell that Interviewer: R-A-S-P-B- 579: raspberries no we don't have them Interviewer: say if if you saw some berries and didn't know what kind they were you might tell someone you better not eat those they might be 579: poisonous Interviewer: and if a married woman didn't want to make up her own mind she'd say I have to ask 579: some of them refer to their husbands as papa some of 'em as daddy Interviewer: {NW} 579: some by they names Jim George what have you or some will say my husband Interviewer: uh huh what would a husband say he'd say I have to ask 579: wife by given name or just wife or some uh joking way my better half Interviewer: uh huh and your father and mother together are called your 579: parents Interviewer: what did you call your father 579: papa when we were young father when we was older Interviewer: {NW} you called him father to 579: when we grew older papa when we were young Interviewer: {NW} what about your mother 579: she was mama when we were young and mother when we were older Interviewer: {NW} and your fathers father he's your 579: sometimes grandpa usually grandfather Interviewer: {NW} what about his wife would be 579: grandma or grandmother Interviewer: uh huh and if you had 2 children you might have a son and a 579: daughter Interviewer: or a boy and a 579: boy and a girl Interviewer: and something on wheels that you can put a baby in and it'll lie down 579: well everybody just call those a perambulator or pram but we call them a baby carriage Interviewer: uh huh and you'd put the baby in the carriage and then you'd go out and 579: Push it. Interviewer: okay and to get something to come towards you you'd take hold of it and 579: Pull it. Interviewer: okay um and if a woman was gonna have a child you'd say that she's 579: is expecting or pregnant Interviewer: did they used to use that word pregnant when you were growing up 579: i think that grew in usage past my boyhood Interviewer: {NW} it wasn't nice to say then 579: I don't know why it just wasn't in general use when I was a boy Interviewer: {NW} and if you didn't have a doctor to deliver the baby the woman you might send for would be a 579: a midwife Interviewer: and if a boy has the same color hair and eyes that his father has and the same shape nose you'd say that he what his father 579: resembles his father looks like his father Interviewer: {NW} what if he has the same mannerisms and behavior you'd say that he 579: has the same ways as his father Interviewer: {NW} and if a woman's looked after three children until they're grown you'd say that she's what three children 579: well most people say raised I don't like it I say reared Interviewer: {NW} why don't you like raised 579: what Interviewer: why don't you like raised 579: I think raising hogs cattle chickens what have you Interviewer: {NW} and if a child was misbehaving you might tell him if you do that again you're gonna get a 579: spanking Interviewer: what would you say to an older child 579: It you're going to be punished. Interviewer: okay would you ever hear whipping or thrashing or 579: #1 what # Interviewer: #2 tanning # whipping or thrashing 579: Oh hairbrush or raise a strap? Interviewer: uh huh 579: or uh a rod or some kind small piece of wood Interviewer: if you were gonna use that you'd say you're gonna give the child a 579: Whipping. Interviewer: okay um what does biking do with your hands {X} 579: Spanking was generally done with a bare hand on the rear end of a very young child. Interviewer: okay and the child that's born to a woman that's not married is called a 579: Bastard. Interviewer: any other names for that more common 579: well they might be referred to as by older or more mature persons as an illegitimate child Interviewer: {NW} did you ever hear something like woods colt or bush child 579: what Interviewer: woods colt or bush child any sort of common expression 579: wo-wo-wood what Interviewer: colt 579: no I've never hear that term Interviewer: okay and a person who's supposed to look after an orphan is called a his legal 579: look after what Interviewer: an orphan is called 579: oh legal guardian Interviewer: and if you have a lot of cousins and nephews and nieces around you'd say this town is full of my 579: you say this town this what Interviewer: this town is full of my 579: your relatives or kinfolks Interviewer: okay and you say well she has the same family name and she looks a little bit like me but actually we're no 579: kin Interviewer: and somebody who comes into town and nobody's ever seen him before he'd be a 579: stranger Interviewer: and what if he came from a different country 579: a foreigner Interviewer: would you ever use that word foreigner to refer to someone who didn't come from a different country but came from a different section of this country 579: I've never heard such Interviewer: okay and these are some names um the name of the mother of Jesus 579: the name of the mother is what Interviewer: the name of the mother of Jesus 579: the virgin Mary Interviewer: okay and George Washington's wife 579: well most people lose sight of the fact that her name was Martha Custis that's referred to as George Washington's wife mostly Interviewer: {NW} um did you ever hear the song wait 'til the sun shines 579: yes good gracious long long ago Interviewer: do you remember what the name was in that 579: no a woman's name Nelly? Interviewer: okay that that would fit 579: {NW} Interviewer: um and a a nickname for a little boy named William 579: Named who? Interviewer: named William a nickna- 579: William Bill or Billy Interviewer: okay and the first book in the New Testament 579: Ge-Genesis Interviewer: or the New Testament 579: oh the new oh oh uh what is it um Interviewer: Matt 579: Matthew Mark Luke Matthew Matthew Interviewer: and um the name of the wife of Abraham 579: Sarah Interviewer: and um 579: I'm skating on thin ice now I have too many magazines Interviewer: {NW} 579: not enough time to read the bible Interviewer: um you take magazines pretty much you subscr- 579: I have about 5 of 'em more than I oughta have can't read all of 'em properly Interviewer: what sort of magazines do you read 579: Which ones? Interviewer: {NW} 579: the Geographic National Geographic the Smithsonian magazine the Readers Digest Time and my church paper Interviewer: so you're a member of the Smithsonian um the that group they have of people 579: #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 {X} # to how is their magazine I've never seen a copy of it 579: Very interesting and the place itself is fascinating I believe that you could go there every day for a week and still not see all the interesting things Interviewer: {NW} um someone nicknamed Bill his full name would be 579: William Interviewer: and if your father had a brother and by that full name you you would call him 579: Well my father had a brother named Harry and he was uncle Harry to us. Interviewer: {NW} what about if if his full name was William he'd be 579: He might be called Will or Bill or William. Interviewer: or unc- he if he's your fathers brother he would be your 579: uncle when we were young we'd refer to uncle Bill uncle Will uncle William or might be Interviewer: okay and the last book in the New Testament I mean the the last before gospels is 579: John Interviewer: and if your father had a brother by that name he'd be 579: he might be John or if Interviewer: he's your fathers brother 579: Yes uncle uncle John or maybe uncle Jack. Interviewer: {NW} 579: Usually though they wouldn't refer to an uncle by such an informal name as Jack. Interviewer: {NW} and do you know what they used to call a barrel maker 579: A boiler maker? Interviewer: barrel 579: {X} Interviewer: #1 ba- # 579: #2 ba- # Interviewer: barrel 579: spell that Interviewer: B-A-R-R-E-L 579: Oh a cooper. Interviewer: okay and what would you call a married woman who had that last name 579: A married woman what? Interviewer: with that last name she'd be 579: Well she'd be Mrs. Jones Mrs. Brown what have you. Interviewer: or the last name Cooper she'd be 579: whatever the family whatever the family name of her husband was she'd be Mrs that whatever name Interviewer: if if her family name was Cooper or Cooper or 579: incidentally we always call that Cooper down here which isn't correct Interviewer: {NW} what what would you call her she'd be 579: Mrs. Cooper Interviewer: okay and a preacher that's not very well trained just sort of preaches here and there isn't very good at preaching what would you call him 579: A poor preacher. Interviewer: do you ever hear the expression shade tree or jack leg preacher 579: No. Interviewer: {NW} and what relation would my mothers sister be to me 579: Aunt and a strange thing has developed among the colored folks they refer to an aunt as auntie Interviewer: {NW} 579: where they got that I can not imagine it years ago when I was a small boy she was auntie now shes auntie Interviewer: {NW} 579: I can't make it out Interviewer: {NW} well um say if your mother's introducing you to her brother and and sister she'd say this is 579: Uncle Jim and Aunt Mary Interviewer: or this is your uncle and this is 579: your aunt Interviewer: okay and um say the highest rank in the army is 579: some kind of general I don't know which one Interviewer: {NW} well what about someone beneath the general 579: colonels majors Interviewer: okay 579: lieutenant colonels Interviewer: #1 have you ever # 579: #2 oh oh # I I believe the general of the army is the highest ranking general Interviewer: uh huh were you ever in the army 579: No I've never been in the army I was above age for the first World War Interviewer: {NW} 579: by a few months. Interviewer: {NW} 579: my mother was getting old and my brother was an invalid and they needed me more than my country did Interviewer: {NW} 579: So I didn't volunteer. Interviewer: {NW} what do they call a a man in charge of a ship 579: Master or Captain. Interviewer: okay who would say master 579: What? Interviewer: who would say master 579: well the colored folks of old used to say marster but we call 'em masters or usually captains Interviewer: to people in charge of a ship or people that they worked for or what 579: people in charge of a ship Interviewer: {NW} 579: well Interviewer: #1 the the # 579: #2 you mean a # Interviewer: steamboat 579: huh Interviewer: you mean the steamboats I guess 579: steamboats Interviewer: uh huh 579: we don't have the ships here Interviewer: um what did um colored people used to call the people that they worked for 579: way way back yonder a century ago or more {D: massa M-A-S-S-A} Interviewer: {NW} 579: or sometimes boss Interviewer: {NW} 579: eve uh even to this day boss is frequently used he's my boss Interviewer: uh huh 579: my boss says this and so forth Interviewer: do they use that word captain um still 579: {NW} when I was a boy there were more captains whom I thought were not entitled to the title Interviewer: {NW} 579: and I don't know how they got it some of 'em were retired steamboat captains Interviewer: uh huh 579: Some were captains in the civil war. Some were captains in the national guard. Interviewer: {NW} 579: but I think it was a sort of title of respect in a good many cases Interviewer: what would the colored people say would you ever hear them call 579: cap'n or cap Interviewer: {NW} and the person who presides over the court is called the 579: {D: judge way back yonder they colored folks called 'em jej-} Interviewer: {NW} 579: {D: a shovel was a shivel} Interviewer: {NW} okay and a person who goes to school is called a 579: scholar or pupil or schoolboy or schoolgirl Interviewer: what about if you're college age would you still call 'em a pupil college pupil or 579: students Interviewer: okay and person who works in an office and does the typing and so forth would be called a 579: clerk typist Interviewer: or sec 579: stenographer Interviewer: or sec 579: Although with the coming of tapes stenographers that took notes in short hand are becoming obsolete. Interviewer: {NW} well um another name for a person like that be someone who does the typing and takes care of the mail and schedules the appointments and so forth would be called a 579: clerk Interviewer: or sec 579: what Interviewer: sec 579: clerk Interviewer: what about secre- 579: What? Interviewer: Secretary 579: oh what oh yes yes yes a great many female employees are called secretaries but they aren't really that the employer just wants to sound important so he calls them secretaries Interviewer: who has a secretary 579: what about Interviewer: you think of a secretary as being a more elevated position for more responsible 579: yes a secretary might make notes of certain appointments that her employer has to meet or make notes of what transpired at certain important meetings Interviewer: {NW} 579: not just the routine typing and filling out of forms and so forth Interviewer: {NW} and a man on the stage would be an actor a woman would be a 579: actress Interviewer: and if you're born in the United States then you say your nationality is 579: {NW} I-in the United States? Interviewer: your nationality is 579: American Interviewer: okay and what different um words were there for the races what what did they used to call black people 579: Niggers. Interviewer: {NW} 579: They hated it. In later years they did. Or darkies or coons. Interviewer: was coon a a derogatory term or jocular 579: oh bout like uh uh uh darkies Interviewer: {NW} 579: no that wasn't used as much as the other terms Interviewer: {NW} are any of those terms used now 579: You very seldom hear the word coon. Interviewer: {NW} 579: I don't like the word blacks they're not all black some of them are chocolate colored some of 'em are yellow. Interviewer: what do you mean yellow 579: Very light colored. Interviewer: {NW} 579: Result of some um indiscretions among persons of different races so to speak. Interviewer: {NW} um what about white people what're they called 579: White people. Interviewer: any other terms for whites 579: No since this term of blacks and whites has come up you find 'em referred to as whites in newspapers and magazines and on TV and so forth. Interviewer: {NW} 579: We just refer to them as white people. Interviewer: {NW} What about um a child that's um born with with one parent's colored and the other parent's white? What would you call a child like that from a racially mixed marriage? 579: No particular term for that except that since the person would be pretty light colored might be referred to as a high yellow. Interviewer: {NW} 579: They are generally more intelligent than the brown negroes or the black negroes because they have some white blood in 'em. Interviewer: What would you call a really dark skinned negro? 579: Just a negro or the well if you describe it you say he's very dark or very black. Interviewer: {NW} and what would you call white people that aren't very well off but they don't care much they don't try to work they don't have much education 579: White trash. Interviewer: {NW} is that a word white people use to call 579: That's the way white people refer to no count as they say other white people. Interviewer: {NW} 579: No ambition no education willing to live in rather primitive conditions. Interviewer: {NW} 579: White trash. Interviewer: um what did um negroes used to call white people like that did they 579: I don't know I've never heard them express themselves on the subject Interviewer: {NW} did you ever hear the terms cracker or hoosier to mean white 579: The Indiana people are referred to as hoosiers. What was the other word? Interviewer: cracker 579: George {NW} Georgia crackers Interviewer: uh huh but did you ever hear cracker just meaning any white person 579: No. Interviewer: low down um what about someone um from Louisiana the French people from Louisiana 579: A certain section in a certain section and or speaking of a person from that section they're called Cajuns C-A-J-A-A-N-S. Interviewer: {NW} 579: C-A-J-A-N-S yeah which is a corruption of Arcadians Interviewer: {NW} what about um any more vulgar term for Cajuns 579: Any what? Interviewer: another a more vulgar term for Cajuns 579: Don't know of any. Interviewer: did you ever hear coonie or coonie ass 579: What? Interviewer: coonies 579: Coonie? Interviewer: or coonie ass for Cajuns 579: I've never heard of them. Interviewer: okay what about someone who lives out in the country and doesn't get into town much and when he does get into town everybody sort of knows his um and sort of laughs about him you know being from way out in the country 579: We used to call 'em country Jakes. Interviewer: okay um any other terms like that that you can think of to refer to groups of people 579: No I can't think of anything else. Interviewer: {NW} and say if um if you were at a party and you look at your watch and it's around eleven thirty or so might say well we better be getting home it's what midnight 579: might say it's time to go {NW} course it would be Interviewer: it's it's not 579: #1 oh it's getting # Interviewer: #2 quite midnight # 579: late or might say it's getting late Interviewer: uh huh it's not quite midnight yet but it's 579: not quite what Interviewer: it's not quite midnight yet but it's 579: would say it's getting late Interviewer: uh huh 579: or late for me Interviewer: {NW} and say if you were walking outside on some on an icy area you'd say well I didn't actually fall down but a couple of times I slipped and I like I didn't actually fall but I slipped and I like like to 579: Have fallen. Interviewer: how say the whole thing 579: to have fallen Interviewer: uh huh I slipped and I 579: almost fell Interviewer: {NW} and if someone was waiting for you to get ready so y'all could go somewhere and he calls out and ask if you'll be ready soon you say I'll be with you in 579: A little while or few minutes or five minutes or three minutes or what have you. Interviewer: or just I'll be with you in just 579: With you in what? Interviewer: ju- you mean just one minute you'd say I'll be with you in 579: In a minute. Interviewer: okay 579: Which is foolish. Interviewer: and um 579: Are we getting near the end of this? Interviewer: um pretty near the end 579: You know what I think well I'll tell you later go ahead. Interviewer: okay um this part of my head is called my 579: Huh? Interviewer: this part of my head is called my 579: Forehead. Interviewer: and 579: {D: It really is forehead but we call it forehead.} {C: pronunciation} Interviewer: uh huh and this is my 579: Hair. Interviewer: and on a man hair here would be a 579: Beard or whiskers. Interviewer: okay and this is my 579: Ear. Interviewer: which one 579: Left ear. Interviewer: and this is 579: The right ear. Interviewer: and 579: Mouth. Neck. Throat. Interviewer: what do you call this thing here 579: That's where I bled let's see uh oh shucks um well your windpipe goes down there uh epiglottis comes in there somewhere Interviewer: {NW} 579: and the other word uh Interviewer: esoph- esophagus you mean 579: yes the esophagus. Interviewer: did you ever hear goozle 579: A what. Interviewer: goozle 579: Spell that. Interviewer: goozle G-O-O-Z-L-E I guess 579: {X} Interviewer: goozle 579: How you spell it? Interviewer: G-O-O-Z-L-E 579: {D: Zoozle?} Interviewer: goozle 579: Goozle. Interviewer: uh huh 579: Well I've heard of a guzzle where you just gulp down a water fast when you're very thirsty or beer or what have you Interviewer: {NW} 579: but no goozle no. Interviewer: okay and these are my 579: Teeth. Interviewer: and one 579: Front teeth. Interviewer: this is just one 579: Oh yeah I've forgotten. Interviewer: well I mean you the singular of teeth is 579: The what? Interviewer: the singular form of teeth is 579: The what kind of form? Interviewer: the singular 579: Spell that. Interviewer: uh these these are two teeth this is just one 579: Tooth. Interviewer: okay and the flesh around your teeth 579: The what? Interviewer: the fl 579: Gums gums. Interviewer: okay and this is my 579: Hand. Interviewer: two 579: Left hand and right hand. Interviewer: so I have two 579: Two hands. Interviewer: and this is the 579: Palm of your hand. Interviewer: and this is one 579: Fist. Interviewer: two 579: Fists. Interviewer: and the place where the bones come together you'd call a 579: Come together? Interviewer: uh huh you know where 579: Joints. Interviewer: okay and on a man this upper part is called his 579: Chest. Interviewer: and these are the 579: Shoulders. Interviewer: and {NS} you have a what you walk on 579: Feet. Interviewer: and this is my 579: That'd be your your thigh or your upper leg and your foreleg Interviewer: uh huh 579: and your ankle and your foot. Interviewer: and if you get down in this position you say you 579: Full knee bend. Interviewer: or you what down 579: Squat. Interviewer: did you ever hear another way of saying that that you're down on your hunkers or haunches 579: that's what you were a moment ago {NW} Interviewer: what's that 579: on your haunches way down Interviewer: uh huh 579: full knee bend Interviewer: {NW} what do you call this sensitive bone right here 579: shin bone Interviewer: okay and if someone had been sick for a while you say well he's up and about now but he still looks a bit 579: we might say puny Interviewer: okay 579: most likely would say puny Interviewer: uh huh someone who's in real good shape you'd say he's big and 579: husky Interviewer: okay 579: which is a slang term you won't find that listed among scientific terms Interviewer: uh huh 579: I think Interviewer: what about someone who's real easy to get along with doesn't lose his temper you'd say 579: friendly congenial likable Interviewer: okay and someone like a teenage boy that is just all arms and legs you'd say that he's 579: awkward Interviewer: okay and a person who keeps on doing things that don't make any sense you'd say he's just a plain 579: keeps on doing things that don't make sense Interviewer: uh huh 579: we might say nut Interviewer: would you ever use the word fool 579: fool Interviewer: {NW} 579: oh yes uh huh Interviewer: that's alright to say 579: the bible says you should not call a man a fool {NW} {X} says it's in danger of hell fire Interviewer: {NW} 579: I never took that literally though Interviewer: well someone who has a lot of money but won't spend a cent you'd say that he's a 579: tightwad or stingy mostly a tightwad Interviewer: {NW} and when you say that a person is common what does that mean 579: person is what Interviewer: is common 579: ordinary or just common either one Interviewer: is it insulting 579: what Interviewer: is it insulting to say 579: well it's certainly not uh something to be proud of you wouldn't tell a person to his face you're ordinary you're common Interviewer: {NW} 579: but that's what they are Interviewer: when you say that a girl is very common what does that mean 579: you would keep quiet about it you mean uh you modest Interviewer: well uh what what do you think of if you if someone said that a girl was common would it take on a would it take on a slightly different meaning 579: no ordinary be the other word I'd think of Interviewer: okay and someone like an older person that still gets around real well and doesn't show his age 579: active spry Interviewer: okay and say if your children were out later than usual you'd say well I don't guess there's anything wrong but still I can't help feeling a little 579: anxious Interviewer: or a little you wouldn't feel easy you'd feel 579: uneasy Interviewer: and you say well it'll be alright just don't 579: you giving consent to a child to do something Interviewer: no you say well the children will get home alright just don't 579: worry Interviewer: and a little child might say well I'm not going upstairs in the dark I'm 579: scared of the dark Interviewer: okay 579: now they wouldn't say afraid I'm scared Interviewer: uh huh and you might say well I don't understand why she's afraid now she what 579: well if a child is afraid now it's unlikely that they were not afraid at an earlier age but you might say she will outgrow that Interviewer: {NW} well if she hadn't been afraid earlier you'd say well I don't understand why she's afraid now she 579: something must've frightened her Interviewer: how would um what's the opposite of used to be you say I 579: present Interviewer: I don't understand why she's afraid now she would you say she used not to be or didn't used to be or how would you say that 579: yes oh but a better expression would be she formerly was not Interviewer: {NW} but using the expression used to be how would you say that 579: just that way Interviewer: how 579: she use we'd say she use to to be Interviewer: uh huh and you'd say there's there's nothing really wrong with aunt Lizzy but sometimes she acts kind of 579: might say nutty or foolish or silly Interviewer: {NW} {D: what about queer or quar} 579: what Interviewer: Q-U-E-E-R 579: queer Interviewer: uh huh 579: well if we use that term it would really be a bad situation uh somewhat demented Interviewer: you mean she would just mean she's crazy or 579: bordering on it Interviewer: uh huh is that word changed meanings recently 579: {X} what Interviewer: has that word changed meanings recently 579: what queer Interviewer: {NW} 579: I should say yes now it as I understand it indicates a person who is more than eccentric but not insane Interviewer: {NW} and say a person who who makes up his own mind and then there's no use arguing with him you can't make him change his mind 579: you'd say he or she has a mind of his or her own Interviewer: uh huh or he won't ever admit he's wrong you'd say that he's 579: is stubborn Interviewer: okay and somebody that you can't joke with without him losing his temper you'd say that he's mighty 579: I just can't get along with him or her Interviewer: {NW} what you'd say you better not tease him about that um because he's when it comes to that subject he's still mighty 579: you might say obstinate Interviewer: w would you ever say something like touchy or testy or touches or 579: catchy Interviewer: touches touchy 579: spell that Interviewer: T-O-U-C-H-Y 579: {D: pouchy} Interviewer: no touchy 579: touchy oh yes yes don't mess in that that's a touchy subject with him Interviewer: {NW} and say well I was just kidding I didn't know he'd get so 579: mad Interviewer: and 579: twitches is not the right word angry or annoyed or what have you Interviewer: and someone's about to lose their temper you might tell them now just 579: might tell 'em what Interviewer: someone's about to lose their temper you tell them not just 579: tell 'em what Interviewer: what would you tell them 579: now don't get mad about that Interviewer: or just keep 579: calm yourself Interviewer: {NW} and if you had been working very hard you'd say you were very 579: tired Interviewer: any other words people would use 579: worn out Interviewer: okay and say if a person had been well and all of a sudden you hear they've got a disease you'd say well yesterday they were fine when was it that they what sick 579: you should say fell ill but we say got sick Interviewer: okay and someone went outside in bad weather and came in and was sneezing you'd say that he 579: catch a cold Interviewer: or if that had happened you'd say yesterday he 579: caught a cold Interviewer: and if it affected his voice you'd say he was 579: hoarse Interviewer: {NW} and if you do that you have a 579: sore throat Interviewer: or a 579: cough Interviewer: and say you'd gotten someone some medicine you'd go in there and you see the medicine still lying by their bed you'd say why haven't you 579: taken this medicine Interviewer: and they might say well I already what some 579: the person might say I don't like the taste of it or I forgot it Interviewer: or you'd say well an hour ago I what some 579: what Interviewer: you might say well I did an hour ago I what some medicine 579: you might say I did take it but it didn't do any good Interviewer: okay and if you can't hear anything at all you'd say that you're 579: stone deaf Interviewer: and say if a man had been out working in the sun and he takes off his shirt and it's all wet you'd say look how much I 579: perspired some might say sweated Interviewer: okay and a sore that comes to a head is called a 579: a what Interviewer: a sore that comes to a head is called a 579: a store that Interviewer: a sore 579: sore oh a boil or a carbuncle Interviewer: okay are they the same thing 579: no a carbuncle is worse and as I understand it goes deeper below the surface Interviewer: {NW} and when a boil opens the stuff that drains out 579: is generally called pus or matter Interviewer: okay what about in a blister 579: they have a an almost clear fluid in them Interviewer: {NW} 579: and if they're punctured that runs out Interviewer: what do people refer to that as 579: I never heard it mentioned as anything except water Interviewer: okay and you say a bee stung me and my hand did what it got bigger you'd say my hand 579: a bee stung me in my hand and what Interviewer: and my hand did what where it stung me my hand 579: swelled up Interviewer: and you say it's still pretty badly 579: swollen Interviewer: and they say if a bee stings you then your hand will 579: swell Interviewer: and if someone got shot or stabbed you'd say you'd have to get a doctor to look at the 579: place Interviewer: or the 579: wound Interviewer: and you know sometimes a wound won't heal back right and it's got a it gets sort of a skinless growth on it it's gotta be cut out or burned out 579: a a growth on the skin Interviewer: well it doesn't heal back quite right 579: doesn't grow back quite right Interviewer: uh huh 579: oh I don't know I never encountered that Interviewer: did you ever hear some kind of flesh 579: proud flesh or granulated flesh Interviewer: {NW} and if you cut your finger you could put a few drops of 579: if you cut your finger Interviewer: uh huh 579: antiseptic Interviewer: or a brown liquid medicine that stings 579: oh iodine Interviewer: and a real bitter medicine 579: {D: quinine} Interviewer: and if someone was shot and didn't recover you'd say that he 579: was killed Interviewer: okay any nice ways of saying that a person died 579: passed away or transpired Interviewer: what about a crude way of saying that 579: died is the only one I can think of Interviewer: {NW} you'd say well he's been dead a week and nobody's figured out yet what he died 579: of Interviewer: and a place where people are buried 579: cemetery Interviewer: and any old name for that 579: what Interviewer: any old fashioned name for that 579: burying ground or burial ground Interviewer: {NW} and what they put the body in 579: coffin or casket Interviewer: and if people are dressed in black at a funeral you say that they're in 579: mourning and you know what that reminds me of Interviewer: what 579: if a womans husband died way back yonder about eighty years ago Interviewer: {NW} 579: a woman she might have a box full of good stationary you know that's set aside she gets mourning stationary which has a black border around the note sheets and a black border around the envelope and they use those for what they thought was a proper length of time before going back to their regular stationary Interviewer: I never heard that 579: also Interviewer: just say 579: a widow way back yonder would wear a mourning uh um what do you call it cap or hat whatever it was I saw a turtle shelled affair Interviewer: {NW} 579: plain black didn't rise up high didn't have any frills on it and a long black crepe that went down behind to the waist and she wore that for what was thought a proper length of time in respect to her husband Interviewer: huh that's interesting um say on an average sort of day if someone asks you how you're feeling what would you answer 579: {NW} you might say pretty good pretty well fine Interviewer: okay and when you're getting old and your joints start giving you trouble you call that 579: well they used to say rheumatic now they say arthritic Interviewer: okay and what's the noun they say you've got what 579: arthritis or rheumatism Interviewer: okay and a very severe sore throat that children used to have dip 579: tonsillitis Interviewer: or dip 579: strep throat Interviewer: where they'd choke up and die from it 579: croup Interviewer: or dip- dipther- 579: what Interviewer: dipther- 579: strep throat Interviewer: {NW} 579: {D: streptococci} Interviewer: did you ever hear um something that children would die from they'd choke up they'd get blisters on the inside of the throat 579: I don't know what they got but croup a good many of them those days Interviewer: what about it starts um it starts with a D dipth- 579: oh oh diphtheria Interviewer: uh huh 579: yes I forgot about that Interviewer: and a disease where your skin and your eyeballs turn yellow 579: skin and what Interviewer: your skin and your eyeballs turn yellow 579: jaundice Interviewer: okay 579: I know I had it once Interviewer: oh really 579: it robbed me of all my energy I just couldn't do a thing Interviewer: {NW} and when you have a a pain down here and you have to have an operation 579: appendicitis Interviewer: and if you ate something that didn't agree with you and it came back up you'd say you had to 579: vomit it or what's the other word uh throw it up Interviewer: {NW} both of those are nice ways of saying that 579: what Interviewer: both of those are nice ways of of saying that 579: both of 'em what Interviewer: are nice expressions to use 579: vomit would be better Interviewer: {NW} what about a really crude way of saying that 579: puke {NW} Interviewer: and if if a person vomited you'd say he was sick 579: at the stomach Interviewer: and if a boy kept on going over to the same girls house and was spending a lot of time with her you'd say that he was he was seriously interested in her you'd say he was 579: you might say in love with her or he's soft on her Interviewer: would you ever say he's courting her or sparking her 579: {X} often when marriage was contemplated Interviewer: then what would you say 579: he's courting her Interviewer: {NW} 579: very seldom said wooing her Interviewer: uh huh 579: always courting her Interviewer: uh huh and he would be called her 579: lover beau Interviewer: and she would be his 579: girl or if it was known that they were going to marry fiancee Interviewer: okay and if a boy came home with lipstick on his collar 579: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 you'd say # he had been doing what 579: smooching or necking Interviewer: okay and when a girl stops letting the boy come over to see her you'd say that she 579: if the thing was really serious we would say that she had rejected him Interviewer: {NW} like if she asked him to ma he asked her to marry him 579: yes Interviewer: {NW} 579: or if she uh either was evident that he had serious intentions she rejected him Interviewer: what about um say they were engaged and all of a sudden she 579: broke it off Interviewer: {NW} but do you ever say turned him down or gave him the sack or 579: turned him down yes Interviewer: uh huh but if she didn't turn him down they went ahead and got 579: married Interviewer: um any joking ways of saying that 579: hitched Interviewer: okay and at a wedding the boy that stands up with the groom is called a 579: the best man Interviewer: and the woman that stands up with the bride 579: the maid of honor Interviewer: and do you remember a long time ago um if people would get married other people would make a lot of noise fire off rifles and 579: we called it shivaree but the real word C-H-I-R C-H-I-V-A-R-A-E shivaree French I think chi no C-H-I-V-A-R-I-R-I-E Interviewer: {NW} 579: I forgot the exact form of it shivaree is a count is a corruption Interviewer: {NW} um say if you had gone to New Orleans last weekend you'd say last week I went 579: to New Orleans Interviewer: would you say down or up or over 579: down most likely Interviewer: how do you use down and up and over 579: down'd be southward north would be upward up to Interviewer: {NW} 579: over to Monroe or over to Jacksonville Interviewer: {NW} and say if there were some trouble at a party you'd say the police came and they didn't arrest just one or two of 'em they arrested the 579: whole bunch Interviewer: okay and when young people go out in the evening and move around on the floor to music you'd call that a 579: they used to call it dancing but it's not dancing now Interviewer: {NW} do you remember what they'd call the dances that that held at home 579: the dances what Interviewer: that that hold at home 579: just a home dance Interviewer: okay and if children get out of school at 4 o clock you'd say 4 o clock is when school 579: lets out Interviewer: and after vacation children might ask when does school 579: after vacation what Interviewer: they might ask when does school 579: they might what Interviewer: children might ask when does school what again 579: started to school again Interviewer: okay and if a boy left home to go to school and didn't show up in school that day 579: played hooky Interviewer: okay and after kindergarten you go into the 579: oh I'm old my deaf now Interviewer: {NW} 579: being a bachelor Interviewer: well what was the the um the grade or class that that you went into when you were six years old you call that 579: they didn't have any fixed er- limits those days Interviewer: uh huh 579: primary school or grade school later on Interviewer: what what was the first grade or class you went into you call that the 579: oh I went to a private school conducted by my aunt when I was quite young Interviewer: {NW} 579: and there were no fixed specific names for them in those days the grade Interviewer: what would you call it a primary or first reader or first grade 579: we used to have readers {X} first second third and so on reader I don't know whether they have it now or not Interviewer: when did you use the first reader 579: when did we use it oh I don't remember Interviewer: um and years ago children sat on benches but now they sit at 579: desks Interviewer: and each child has his own 579: desk Interviewer: and if you wanted to check out a book you'd go to the 579: library Interviewer: and to mail a package 579: to the post office Interviewer: and you'd stay overnight in a strange town at a 579: {X}