Interviewer: {B} Yea well this is kind of thing we don't think ought to be allowed to die out. We realize that there are people that won't be interested 596: That's the truth Interviewer: But there are people who are 596: #1 That's right # Interviewer: #2 And you know # pretty soon there's gonna be whole generation of people gone that knew all 596: #1 you know that # Interviewer: #2 this # 596: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Right # um i probably didn't get a record of that but you said that these stacks would be out where? You said you it wouldn't have to be at the barn #1 The s- keep the stacks out where? # 596: #2 That's right # Um. Interviewer: You said they could be at on the lot or out? 596: #1 Yes. # Interviewer: #2 Hay stacks. # 596: #1 Yeah yeah yeah # Interviewer: #2 That would be where? # 596: There'll be out in what you call ah a lot You know we call in the pen where you keep your animals in round here we call that a lot. Interviewer: Would that be around the barn or #1 just any fenced pen? # 596: #2 Well you, any pen. # In around anywhere, you just throw them out anywhere since its enclosed with a fence And you put hedge shocks all out in there bout in there When you get ready, for the animals you just you know let them go in there and eat And if you want them to eat as long as they want to you just the get out of there and close the gate uh the gap or what you call it. Interviewer: #1 I see. # 596: #2 {X}. # Interviewer: Uh about a gap you know that's something I've seen all my life and never really thought about. Describe a gap for me what's a gap? 596: Well what a gap is, it Is {X}. You take a, a gap you that's {X} where you can drive you gonna drive a car truck a wagon through there, And uh while you make it there you take you some wire maybe about three or four strands of wire and Put it across there and pass them on the end something like on in here On your uh on another post while you like you got a big post then you fasten this to it Kinda with a kinda {D: a little hook over it}. It's the minute you got you got {X} you know. Interviewer: I see i- it's at an opening in the fence. 596: Yes, there's an opening in the fence what you call that gap. Make an opening in the fence. Barbed wire. Interviewer: I see. 596: Barbed wire, you know what barbed wire Interviewer: #1 Oh yes # 596: #2 is? # Interviewer: sir, I'm afraid so. {NW} Uh there's a place on the farm sometime that I've seen that you can drive your car across Where there's you know the fence would come up to here? 596: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 And then the # fence would start again 596: #1 Yeah. Uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 here. And your road # comes here? 596: #1 That's right {NW} # Interviewer: #2 And there are # these these pieces of wood. 596: #1 That's right yeah that's right # Interviewer: #2 In the ground what's that? # 596: That's called cattle gap. Interviewer: A cattle gap? 596: Yes, that's cattle gap. Interviewer: And its uh what why uh why doesn't why don't the cows come out? 596: When they scared they come out Interviewer: #1 Oh really? # 596: #2 there. Yeah # See that that you you you cattle gap you dig a place down the ground maybe about 2 foot deep down there a hole down in there. And you put you some pieces across there and on and Cross label pieces. Not close together, wide apart see if an animal start to go through there he look down that hole well maybe he'll {X} {X} misstep or miss that piece step on that hole And so he'll back up. He won't go across there. Interviewer: And you don't like to put the wire 596: #1 No ma'am no. # Interviewer: #2 there? # About how far apart do they have to be to scare them? 596: Well something like about width of your hand like that. {X} when you see that hole, he ain't gonna stick his feet down in that hole now. Interviewer: Well now would this work with cow, it works with cows. 596: #1 Yes cows # Interviewer: #2 It'd work with horses # 596: Yes ma'am #1 that's right, that's right, that's right # Interviewer: #2 horses? It work with horses too # 596: Well now if some mule is stubborn I had one would go over it Interviewer: {NW} he'd jump it 596: No yeah he'd jump it Interviewer: Or just walk over it? 596: Jump it jump it yeah. Interviewer: Would a mule go over it? 596: This is a mule I was talking about. Interviewer: Oh it was a mule? 596: Yeah. {X} Well I'll be. Well I never though about that, I've see them you know never thought about them why they worked or anything about them. Interviewer: Uh was there ever something, that um you ever hear of a hay rack? 596: Yes. What's that now? Um well I'm that um what I'm talking about what th- what the- round them pole that's the hay- that's hay rack there. That's a hay rack? Ya that's hay rack. Interviewer: #1 That's # 596: #2 rack. # another name Interviewer: #1 for them? # 596: #2 That's right yeah. # We use to call them ha- ah shocks, we called them. {X} shocks we called it shocks of hay. But it's a hay rack that's what it was. Interviewer: Okay, I wondered if a rack was somewhere where where it kept it off the ground or something? 596: Well, it can if it wants to yes. Interviewer: Alright. Uh what was th-, did you have um, well let me try again, where did you keep the cows on the farm?] 596: In the pasture. Interviewer: Alright and did they have any kind of shelter 596: #1 No, # Interviewer: #2 out there? # 596: {X} if you just wanted one out there maybe it {X}, He come up maybe to the barn and maybe it's a shed there maybe he going in but {X} we didn't, {X} build nothing special for them. Interviewer: Okay, you didn't have anything called a cowshed or a loafing #1 shed? # 596: #2 N- well # sometimes we Big farmers did, you know big farmers they had all that. Milk farmers, diary farmers, they had all like that but- Alright, have you ever heard the term loafing shed? Well {X} heard of it yeah. Uh loafing shed but I don't know what it why they call it a loafing shed. Interviewer: {X} either. Uh where do you keep your horses? 596: Well he had a, he in the stall. Kept the horse in the stall. Well in that stall maybe the building in that in that barn or that shed in that barn. Why we where we call them stables. Interviewer: Alright now is that a part of the big barn? 596: Yes ma'am maybe you got Stables uh stored all in there under s- underneath. maybe as many as you wanted and as many animals as you got {X} you got a stall for all your horses or mules. For cows, you never particularly have to have them for cows. Interviewer: I see. 596: Ya. Interviewer: Uh where did you milk the cows? Well {X} uh we always milk this out there in the lot. {X} maybe sometimes Under the shed of the barns and ma- maybe the big shed maybe 596: #1 sometimes. # Interviewer: #2 You didn't have any special # #1 place where you brought them # 596: #2 No got no special place. # Interviewer: to milk them? Where'd you keep the- did you ever have any hogs? 596: Yes. Interviewer: Where did you keep your hogs? 596: Well I keep mine in the pen uh maybe uh when we used to let them run out you know they'd run out and be anywhere they wanted to but Nowadays you have to confine them in a pen or something or I- maybe I uh patch a lot, would still it'd be a pen. I {X} it's a pen {X}. {NW} Interviewer: Ya a pen wasn't something that you'd put them in to fatten them? 596: No, Not exactly at all times, but you have a fattening pen when you get them ready to fatten. Maybe you'd have a place, a closed place there with a floor in it or something to keep them from being in the mud so much. Interviewer: #1 I see. # 596: #2 Yea. # Interviewer: I see. 596: I still raise hogs. Interviewer: Oh do you? 596: Yes {X} I got some right there now. Interviewer: Have you? What- what's this pen out here that I see under these trees? 596: Well that used to be a cow, that's a cow pen where I'd milk {X}. Interviewer: #1 I see. # 596: #2 {X} # Interviewer: It's a nice shady pen, do you have any cows now? 596: No well we {X} no we don't have any. Interviewer: Um what's the place enclosed around the um uh around your barn? Was there a fence around the barn? 596: Yes and we call that the lot Interviewer: The lot? 596: Lot, we call it that- that's the lot. Interviewer: Alright was it but you would also call you know another place fenced off a lot too? 596: Pasture? Interviewer: That'd be a pasture, away from the barn? 596: Yes, and I put the cattle in or the cows cows they run in. Ya that's pasture. Interviewer: Did you ever raise any cotton? 596: Yes ma'am {X}. Interviewer: {NW} What is it that you do to cotton when you when you wanna get the weeds out? 596: I done everything to it. Interviewer: {NW} 596: plow, hoe, done everything like that. Interviewer: Di- was there something though that you called it when you were getting the weeds out? Scraping cotton or-? 596: Yea scrapping cotton now that's the first And get it worked up, {X} two scrapers while you you scrap it, you got a {X} {D: then you scraping cotton}. then after a while When it gets {D: big enough} clean out, eh you call it uh hoeing cotton. Interviewer: Hoeing 596: #1 Ya # Interviewer: #2 cotton. # 596: Healing cotton old folks used to say healing cotton. Interviewer: Uh did you ever hear it called chopping cotton? 596: Yes and well that's the same #1 thing. # Interviewer: #2 That's the same # thing as what hoeing cotton? 596: Hoeing or scrapping. Interviewer: Either one? 596: Either one yes. Interviewer: What kinds of grass grow in a cotton field that you don't want in there? 596: Why we call it crab grass, crab grass well we don't none of it in there. But just wild grass, crab grass, uh cocoa grass, anything like that. {NW} Interviewer: Okay 596: But in some places badly infested with it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm I imagine so. Uh you go your corn in what? In- in what, what would you call it? In a what? 596: Why we call it, you mean in how when you {D: uh a corn} in a bed we'd call it you know {X}. Interviewer: Uh and the whole big area though you'd say- 596: oh a field. Interviewer: Ya now and then I saw you, a whi- uh a while ago you used another term. You grow um a smaller area like maybe a- 596: Oh you talking about a garden or something? Interviewer: Ya uh a while ago you said a patch. 596: A patch? Ya the small patches. Interviewer: #1 {X}. # 596: #2 Ya. # While I {X} a patch that I just s- we say a small field. Interviewer: #1 I see. # 596: #2 but that's a # patch. That's just a little old n- you know maybe a half acre, or two acres, or something like that uh, 3 or 4 acres. Interviewer: #1 Could you have a- # 596: #2 {X} # Interviewer: Could you have a corn patch then? 596: Yes ma'am. Interviewer: And it would be smaller 596: #1 Yes, that's right that's right. # Interviewer: #2 than a acorn fields? # I see. 596: Well when it's small we call them patches. But when they big field then we call them fields of corn. Interviewer: Right that's what I was interested in. Um we talked a little bit about the fences around the farm and you mentioned the the barbed wire in the gap. 596: Ya. Interviewer: Uh what are the kinds of fences where the corn, what they were made of? 596: Well use- we used to have what's called rail fences. Rail fences I don't know where you ever heard of or seen a rail fence or not. Interviewer: Only the you know the ones they use now sometimes for decorations. 596: Yes. {X}. Interviewer: Well what did a rail fence look like? 596: Well it's a it's a if your rails are stacked like that you see on top of one another ya. Interviewer: #1 So that they cross # 596: #2 {X}. # Interviewer: #1 at the ends? # 596: #2 Yeah you kind of # And uh triangle now you know. Interviewer: Yeah. 596: And of course now you have to go to the woods and get them rails out and bust it, cut the timber make them rails, split them rails, then you make your fence. Uh we used to have for miles and miles that was just a rail fence. Interviewer: Was there anything that you know when they crossed here in the end was there any upright pieces? 596: Well sometimes we took {X} we get this top then we get the fence built like we want it maybe you put a, maybe it's up the hillside we put some pieces like you said up there up there. That's to keep the rail from sliding off down the hill. but going to level ground {D: yeah no} we didn't put nothing up there. Interviewer: About how high would they be? 596: Well about sometime it get that high, yes ma'am. Interviewer: Mm. 596: S- so animal wouldn't yeah just some animals you'd take would take advantage of you {X} and jump over. Interviewer: Oh really? 596: Yea something like that. Interviewer: Uh did you ever have uh a fence around your garden? 596: Yea some we had fence around the garden. Interviewer: What was it made of? 596: Well s- we all had to use wire, like that, {X} a wire fence, and and then uh then I have that around my garden what you call a picket fence. Interviewer: Mm-hmm what's a picket fence? 596: Well it's made o- made out of {D: slatch} about so high you know? #1 About 5 feet high? # Interviewer: #2 Yep yes, # 596: and you put railings around there to nail them on all the way around there. Interviewer: {D: So the- the slatch would go up and down?} 596: Ya that's right yes. Interviewer: Uh then what what would um or what'd the tops look like where they pointed or? 596: Sometime he'd point them sometime he wouldn't. Yes ma'am that's right. Well if you want to kind of make it decorated and you ki- you'd point them maybe like that. Interviewer: You know somebody told me that they put- pointed them around a garden to keep the chickens from setting up on the fence from 596: #1 Well I reckon so, well I, well I # Interviewer: #2 being able to get up on the fence, get down in the garden. # 596: #1 Well that's right, # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 596: #1 I reckon so. # Interviewer: #2 I hadn't heard that before # 596: Well I imagine it's that way. Interviewer: I thought it was for decoration and they said we never didn't have time to do things for decoration. {NW} Um let's see those um those upright things you know when you putting up a wire fence? 596: Yes and posts. Interviewer: Yeah that you stick the you stretch the wire- 596: Yes ma'am yeah. Interviewer: Did they ever build fences around here out of stone or rock? 596: Well yes ma'am I've seen a few back over there. Now man now you got some that'd be a lot like that. Interviewer: What would you call one of those? 596: I don't know I don't know what kind {X}. Interviewer: Okay. 596: I wouldn't know but I see they got them stone posts and I even don't even know how they fix the wire on them or how they get the wire to Interviewer: #1 Oh you mean # 596: #2 stay # Interviewer: the posts are made out of 596: #1 Yea stone that's- that's right. # Interviewer: #2 stone. Ya and then the wire's # 596: #1 Ya. # Interviewer: #2 strung between. # 596: That's right Interviewer: Oh that is I don't know how you'd stretch the wires. 596: No I don't how they stretch that wire on but they got them like that. {NS} Interviewer: If you wanna make a hen start laying 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer: what do you put in her nest to fool her? 596: Well some folks put in what's called a nest egg in there. Ya. I've seen people that maybe we know do it {D: course old hen lay it} when she get ready to lay it. And if she didn't she didn't. Interviewer: {NW} An- would a nest egg be a uh a fake egg? Yes ma'am yes ma'am. 596: #1 Look like- # Interviewer: #2 It wouldn't be a real egg? # 596: No, glass something like a glass maybe it looked it look like an actual egg but it ain't, was not. Interviewer: I see 596: Anything about somebody had a nest egg when in the hen nest like that and the snake is uh bad about swallowing eggs you know Y- you seen {X} you swallow it. So you swallow that nest egg and it was stone. Interviewer: You're kidding? 596: That's true he done that now, he did. Interviewer: {NS} What di- what happened to the poor snake? {NW} 596: I don't know Interviewer: #1 Would that kill # 596: #2 what happened. # Interviewer: #1 the poor snake? # 596: #2 But he use- # {X} all that stone. Aux: Swallowed that nesting egg {X}. 596: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # That's funny. Aux: {X} Interviewer: {NS} You're talking about things that go in a chicken house you know to get the eggs or get the chickens. 596: #1 Ya. # Interviewer: #2 What kind of # animals go in there? 596: Well mink, he'll do it and old possum. Interviewer: They have any minks around here? 596: Well they- yes ma'am a few around here, weasels, raccoon. I killed a big coon in our chicken house out there about two years ago? Interviewer: Is that right? 596: Big coon, raccoon. Interviewer: Oh, sometimes people talk about all of those animals you know and they- they call them something, you know kind of a general term for all of them they say I gotta get some poison get rid of those? 596: #1 Uh # Interviewer: #2 Anything come to your mind? # 596: Well the rodents I reckon. Interviewer: Ah varmints? 596: Varmints yes ma'am that's right varmint. Interviewer: Now would uh I wonder when you say varmints are you talking about possums? 596: Yes mean you talking about possums or anything like that. Interviewer: Would- would you ever thi- if you had something big like a bear would you call that a varmint? 596: Yes ma'am we'd call he's be a varmint. Interviewer: He'd be a varmint too? 596: Yes he's varmint. Interviewer: You ever hear people referred to as varmints? 596: {X} Interviewer: Did you ever hear anybody call people you know a certain person a varmint? 596: Yes ma'am I've hear them call 'em that, this nickname you know call it like that. Interviewer: Uh would it s- Would it be a insult? 596: Well sometimes, you wouldn't want them to know that you called them that all the time. {NW} Interviewer: Uh, would that mean that- what would that mean about? 596: Well i- it's sort of s- uh it's sort of s- s- sort of slam, you know a slam a little bit but you don't mean for them to know it you just say that old coon done so-and-so like that you know you don't mean to call them old coon but you just you just. Interviewer: I'm talking about varmint If you said tha- that- that man's a varmint Would that mean he's dishonest or would that- 596: No that mean he's he- he he's {X} or something like that. Interviewer: #1 I see. # 596: #2 He's a varmint # {X}. Interviewer: #1 I see. # 596: #2 yeah. # Interviewer: If you have a nice set of dishes it might be made out of what? 596: China or something like that? Interviewer: Alright and you mention this bucket that you had on the water shelf and you said I think it was cedar right? 596: Ya it was cedar that's right. Interviewer: Alright uh what would you use to carry milk in? 596: well that'd be a milk w- uh you mean a what'd you cow milk {X} milk in or something like Interviewer: #1 No what # 596: #2 that # Interviewer: when you milk, what would you milk into? 596: Oh uh milk bucket yeah. Interviewer: And what would it be made of? 596: Well it'd made out of um oh it's tin I guess it would be {X} or something like that. yeah. Interviewer: {X} 596: What that? Interviewer: {D: Usually aluminum} 596: Well alum- a- a- a- aluminum ain't been here always. Uh-uh no well you know what the- plus it was tin way back yonder when it was tin, and he made of out of tin, but they made the shape of a milk bucket. A milk bucket be you know it'd be uh lying at th- at the bottom ] and come up to y- come up taking uh wide at the top That way a milk bucket be. But it be tin though way back yonder. Interviewer: Now would a- a- a wa- a water bucket wouldn't wouldn't come out at the 596: No no my water b-, no my water bucket not like that water bucket just uh like any other bucket you see now a days with cedar. Interviewer: #1 I see. # 596: #2 {X}. # Ya made out of cedar. and uh a cedar bucket, water really tastes better out of cedar bucket than any kind of bucket you can get. Ya that cedar tastes somehow I know they just I don't know it seem like it just makes the water taste good. Interviewer: Oh that's good. Uh this I- I'm interested in this difference between the milk bucket and the water bucket 596: Yes ma'am. Interviewer: Did you ever hear the ones at the milk {X} called a pale #1 instead of a bucket? # 596: #2 Yes that's right # Pale, milk pale {X} that's milk pale it's the same thing. Interviewer: Same thing? 596: Ya, milk pale we just say bucket but it's a- it's a pale milk pale. Interviewer: I see, would you ever say a water pale? 596: Well, you could say that if you want to. Interviewer: What do you carry uh the food to the hogs in? Or to the 596: #1 I call that # Interviewer: #2 pigs in? # 596: the slop bucket. Interviewer: {NW} what would it be made out of? 596: Well any kind of old bucket you get anything that you eat or surplus bucket you might say you don't use. In the house or anything this old bucket call that the slop bucket. Interviewer: Ah 596: Yea Interviewer: WHAT KINDS OF BACK IN THE OLD DAYS, WHAT kinds of utensils? What kinds of things did your mother have to cook in? You know like what did she fry her eggs in? 596: We call them skillets. Interviewer: Skillet? 596: Yea skillet. Interviewer: What would it be made of? 596: Well it's made out of iron, and that iron skillet. Interviewer: Okay uh was there ever a kind that had legs on it? 596: Yes ma'am that's a pot. Interviewer: That was a pot? 596: Yea Interviewer: What did you use it for? 596: Well to boil vegetables in yes. Interviewer: Alright now would she'd put that, where would she put that on the stove? 596: On the stove, and back {X} have a bit of coals there live coal Sit that pot on there and put a lid on top of the pot and get some of them coals put on top of the lid Interviewer: Alri- alright how big were the, how tall were the legs on this pot? 596: Oh they be about that long Interviewer: #1 About 3 inches? Kind of? # 596: #2 something like that. Yes something like that. # Interviewer: Okay, w- was there ever anything that looked kinda like a skillet that had legs on-? 596: Why I- they use to have some skillets when you had legs on them when you cook on the fireplace. But as you got the stove the- uh skillets don't have no legs now {X} w- when you find an old skillet like that now {X} it's worth something to find something like that now. Interviewer: D- did you ever hear those called ovens? 596: Yes ma'am. Interviewer: Was that what what 596: When I had the oven it has the lid it- that oven it had a bottom and a top. that oven it had a bottom and a top to it. Interviewer: When you say a bottom and a top you talking about 596: Why we call- we call that a cover. Interviewer: Okay. Yes that cover.That's all. Hmm what was the kind you put the coals on top of? 596: Yea that's right Interviewer: {X} 596: That's right. Um there was something that, i- if you wanted to boil water you said on the stove you would use the pot to Interviewer: #1 boil water in? # 596: #2 Well I call it # kettle. Interviewer: Y- was that the same thing? Ya no. 596: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 They were different. # 596: Ya different. a tea kettle we used to call that. A tea kettle. Did it have a spout #1 Yea it had a spout, # Interviewer: #2 then? # 596: had a handle and a spout pulled out you know had a lid on it and you pulled out a spout. Interviewer: I see 596: That's right. Interviewer: If you were washing what did you boil your water in outside? 596: Well we used to have what's called wash pots. {X} wash pots. and boil the clothes. Interviewer: And I ran acro- I- I've run across something else over here too that interests me. When you you boiled your clothes 596: #1 Yeah, yeah # Interviewer: #2 right? You # wash them then what did you take them out and put them on? 596: I used to put them on a battling what's called a battling block. Interviewer: Now that really interests me 596: {NW} well a battling block about oh about so high. Interviewer: About four- four and a half feet high? 596: And you take a Interviewer: What was it made of? 596: It's wood. Interviewer: W- was it part of a tree? 596: Yes Ma'am that's right part of a tree and you'd have your battling stick maybe a big old paddle. You dip them clothes out of there and put them on top of that battling block and you take that paddle and you battle. Dirt be just uh flying. Interviewer: Really? 596: yeah Interviewer: I just can't imagine- 596: #1 then you'd turn it over- turn it # Interviewer: #2 It seems to me that would've ruined your clothes. # 596: No uh it wouldn't now I'd turn them over and battle and battle them turn it over and battle and battle. and you get through and {X} them clothes white. They clean. Interviewer: {NW} 596: Ya, and and the other thing i- in them day these people didn't have no what you call now uh s- soap like you know have now. Interviewer: Yes sir? 596: They had it called make lye soap. Called lye soap they- they- folks made that soap. You see take uh take uh ashes oak ashes or hickory ashes and put them in a barrel or something or another and on uh kind of put them on a slant some board under it and pour water in there on top and why you see the lye coming out running down {X} and it's strong you better not taste it {X} burn your tongue up. Interviewer: I bet 596: that lye come running out while you take that lye and put in a old barrel or something or a tub or you will put it in amongst your old bones or any kind of animal bones. Anything old meat you didn't want anything. And you put that lye in there where it {X} and that would eat that stuff all up and just eat it all up. And put that i- take that stuff put there in a pot, cook it, cook it and it'll come thick soap make thick soap, and they wash with that. Interviewer: You bathe with it too? 596: Well no. Interviewer: Or you washed with it? 596: Washed clothes with that Interviewer: I wondered if person could use it 596: #1 Well # Interviewer: #2 on himself? # 596: he do he- he be sorry {X} I expect. Interviewer: {NW} Oh me Ya I imagine. {NW} Uh 596: Then- then they had uh actually then they could had a soap what they call uh bar soap. Oh yellow soap I- you might have seen it. Ya then they gonna- had a name for it {X} octagon soap they call it. Interviewer: My mother washed with that. Ya and so I'd buy the same soap {X} used to have make it in {X} these square bars like that and folks use that a whole lot Really? 596: Didn't know much about {D: toilet} soap. Interviewer: No I guess not. 596: No. Interviewer: Uh if you cut some flowers outside in your yard and you wanna bring them inside you'd put them in water in a what? 596: In a maybe a bucket or some something or some kind of container {X} something to hold water. Interviewer: Okay any- any- like a vase? 596: Ya some water in that's right. That's where you gonna put them inside the flowers inside the house you'd have flower vase. Interviewer: Alright and if you were putting them in like here in dirt you'd say put them in a what? 596: Well maybe into some uh a flower pot or something like that maybe. Like that had them what you call homemade flowerpots there {X}. {NW} Ya. Interviewer: They're the best kind. 596: Ya. {NW}{NW} Interviewer: Uh when you sat down to eat a meal you had your plate in front of you then what are the things you have to eat with? 596: Knives and forks, spoons like that. Interviewer: Alright. 596: {X} we call them. Ya. Interviewer: Okay and what's the thing you cut your meat with? 596: Knife Interviewer: I didn't know- You may have said that. 596: Yes. Interviewer: {X} If your dishes are all dirty your wife might say mm I gotta get up from here and go do what to them? 596: Uh wash them clean up the dishes. Interviewer: Alright and after a woman washes the dishes then she does what to them? 596: She rinse them. Interviewer: Alright- 596: and dry them. Interviewer: What's the cloth that she might use to wash them? 596: Well I call that the dishrag. Interviewer: Alright {X}. {NW} And what might she dry with? 596: Drying cloth {NW} Aux: {X}. Interviewer: Now listen here well I grew up saying dish rag all my life. Aux: {X} rag Interviewer: That's right. Aux: {X} 596: Well um I'm gonna tell it like it is Interviewer: #1 That's right # 596: #2 {X} # Interviewer: That's right Mr. {B} you tell it like it is. Aux: {X} 596: Well yeah yeah that where we come up with certain things that used to talk about the old time thing now Interviewer: Right right. {NW} Uh let's see and if you were washing your face you'd use a what? 596: Uh well a towel we use a towel. We used to say wash rag we used to call it. Interviewer: Okay {NW} and what do you turn on the water with at the sink? 596: A faucet you mean? Interviewer: Uh suppose it were out in the yard? 596: #1 oh I- # Interviewer: #2 It would be a? # 596: {X} we uh we got I call it {X} call it a faucet where you turn turn the water on {X}. Interviewer: Alright you thi- I'm wondering though if you'd ever call it a hydrant when it was- 596: Well yes I may have hydrant of course that's hydrant. turn on the hydrant why you eh eh why I call that the faucet on the hydrant what I call it. Interviewer: Okay the faucet thing would be the 596: #1 Yes yes # Interviewer: #2 handle part? # 596: with the handle part that's right. Interviewer: Alright and th- the hydrant itself would be what? 596: Well it'd be that pipe or uh Interviewer: #1 the pipe that comes up # 596: #2 It would extend up # there and all like that. Interviewer: I see. 596: {X} Interviewer: That would be out in the yard? 596: Yes ma'am in the yard. Interviewer: Right okay good. It was so cold last night that our water pipes did what? 596: Froze, they freeze up last night they just froze up. Interviewer: And then they what? 596: Bursted. Interviewer: {NW} Do you ever have any does it get that cold around here? 596: well yes ma'am it gets that cold here {X}. Interviewer: Does it? 596: It sure do. I find that hard to believe see I think uh Interviewer: #1 It's pretty far south # 596: #2 It sure do # Whenever it gets cold here and you see people getting I'm gonna wrap my pipes tonight or I might keep my waters continuing running tonight keep it from freezing. Why you keep it running continually why it won't freeze that w- that water coming out that warm water'll keep it won't let it freeze. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 596: but if you stop 'em now they freeze. Interviewer: Uh what did molasses used to come in when you bought it? 596: #1 Uh # Interviewer: #2 A long time ago. # 596: Barrels. Interviewer: Barrels? 596: Yes Interviewer: Uh what about lard? 596: Well they was in barrels too long time ago. Interviewer: Do you ever hear um was it- was lard did lard ever come in cans? 596: Yes ma'am come in cans- cans Interviewer: Uh do you ever hear those cans called a lard stand? 596: I'd call them lard cans Interviewer: Lard cans? 596: Yes, lard can. Interviewer: Alright. Uh if you wanted to pour something into a coke bottle say you might have to use something in the top? 596: In a funneler. Interviewer: Alright. 596: Funnel. Interviewer: And what do you use to urge your horses to go faster when you're driving? 596: Whip. Interviewer: Alright and if you bought fruit at the store the grocer might put them in a what? 596: Bag. Interviewer: What would it be made of? 596: Paper. Interviewer: Alright what would flour come in? 596: Sack Interviewer: Alright and it'd be made out of what? 596: Cloth. Interviewer: Alright. Uh what would feed come in? 596: They come in a grass sack, we call it a grass sack uh um what the name we call them uh we don't say grass sack all the time. We call it a croker sack I believe. Interviewer: Ah. You'd be more like to call it say a croker sack? 596: Yeah a croker sack. Interviewer: Alright. Um do you remember when you used to carry corn to the mill 596: #1 to be ground? # Interviewer: #2 Yes ma'am # 596: Yes ma'am, yes ma'am I carried that many time. Interviewer: What was the amount you'd carry at one time? 596: Well maybe we'd carry um maybe half a bushel. And maybe the larger family carry a bushels at same time and some of them would carry two bushels like that. With a big family was. Interviewer: Ever hear that referred to as a turn of corn? 596: Yes ma'am that's what a turn of corn yes. Well that's just uh any amount we'd call it a maybe say a turn of corn. Interviewer: What about a turn of wood? Have you ever heard that #1 expression? # 596: #2 Yes I have turn of wood # Ya I say oh you could get in your arm bring it in the house. Interviewer: I see 596: That's what you call a turn of wood. Interviewer: {NW} If a light burns out in an electric light you have to screw in a new what? 596: Bulb Interviewer: Alrig- they sometime call it a light? 596: Light bulb Interviewer: Ya. 596: Ya. Interviewer: Alright. When you carry out the washing to hang it up on the line 596: Ya. Interviewer: you carry it out in a what? 596: Well in a pail or a pan whatever you uh what you got- got- what you put your clothes in. Interviewer: Now they have a kind of a like when you go to- to do your washing maybe you have a clothes something- 596: Oh a basket Interviewer: Okay there- 596: {X}. Interviewer: Did they have baskets in the old days? 596: Yes, um no they didn't have no #1 basket # Interviewer: #2 They didn't # they used something else? 596: Anything they get the hands on. Interviewer: {NW} What did nails come in? 596: Nails? Interviewer: Yes sir 596: Well uh it's like this nails always is been in a uh I don't know what you call it. Interviewer: Uh looks like a little barrel. Aux: Or a keg 596: Well yeah keg that's right keg, nail keg that's right. Interviewer: Alright, and what runs around the outside of a barrel? The metal pieces? 596: Well hoops. Interviewer: And they hold it 596: #1 Yes that's right # Interviewer: #2 together right? # 596: hoop. Interviewer: What would you put in the top of a bottle to keep something from spilling ? 596: Stopper. Interviewer: What would it be made of? 596: Used to be made out of cork but you don't see that now. Interviewer: Now uh- what would you, wha- if you didn't have a cork stopper what might you use? 596: Oh we use to make take some paper you know and wad or twist it all up and and make a paper stopper and put it in there. Aux: {X} 596: Well I ever use that {X} for making a stopper and all like that. Interviewer: How? 596: Maybe if the b- if it's a big {X}. Have to use a {X} maybe. Interviewer: It had to be a have a certain size neck though to use the {X}. 596: that's right. Interviewer: Uh there's a musical instrument that children play that they blow in and move back. 596: Um French harp. Interviewer: And was there ever one you remember that you held between your teeth and you plucked? 596: yeah the Jew's harp. Interviewer: Did you ever play one? 596: Nah I tried to I never could do much playing. Interviewer: {NW} I'm always hoping that somebody will say yes I blew one and they'll show me 596: Ya I had a brother could play 'em though. Interviewer: Really? 596: Yes ma'am I had a brother could play those what you was talking about, oldest brother. Interviewer: Is that right? 596: Yea. Interviewer: Uh what do you pound nails with? 596: Wait? Interviewer: Wha- when you putting you know if you're doing 596: #1 Oh you- # Interviewer: #2 something hard? # 596: #1 Oh hammer. # Interviewer: #2 {X} # {D: Alright and if you got a nail you say you're gonna do what to it in a wall, I'm going to take a nammer a- a hammer and?} 596: Drive it in the wall. Interviewer: Alright and if you don't get it in far enough you say I've got to do wha- I've 596: I've got to drive it some more. Interviewer: Alright, and I- I just didn't 596: Drive it far enough. Interviewer: Okay and it'll have to 596: #1 Have # Interviewer: #2 be # 596: to be drove up further. Interviewer: Alright 596: Driven up further. Interviewer: Talking about the uh parts of a wagon 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer: The part that goes up between the horses is the? 596: Ya that's the tongue of a wagon. Interviewer: Alright if you had the horse uh buggy the two pieces? 596: Share shares. Interviewer: Alright now thinking about the wheel part of the wagon 596: Ya Interviewer: the center part is the? 596: And why that is the? Interviewer: the hub is that what you? 596: Yes ma'am or the wheel center part the hub. Interviewer: Then it- then the what? 596: The spooks goes up there. Interviewer: they go into the what? 596: go into the rim and to filler we'd call it. Interviewer: Ah-ha {NW} you know tha- you are one of the few people in the world who knows that word? 596: that's right going to the filler. Yeah we call it that's the filler up there and and the spokes go in there and the spoke would extend back to the hub yeah. Interviewer: And the outside part, the steel part it touches the ground 596: #1 That- # Interviewer: #2 and stuff? # 596: that's the rim. Interviewer: that's the rim? 596: Yea that's the rim. mm-hmm Interviewer: The part of the wagon that the horses actually pull on 596: Mm-hmm. While he pull w- with the {X} the singletree it stays on to the doubletree while the horses he pulling them with them single trees the weight on that doubletree that draws the wagon that's pulling the wagon along. Interviewer: Alright if you've got one horse pulling a wagon would you still have the doubletree? 596: No I mean you've had have some {X} have a {X} for him to pull that {X} buggy. Interviewer: Oh so you could use just a one singletree? 596: No no you just if you, no you just have one singletree if you if your horse is pulling by himself. It just one it just one uh a wagon now is one singletree but a buggy you got some {X} he's pulling it by the {X} the {X} is doing the bringing the wagon along. Interviewer: Uh what I'm trying to figure out about the wagon though is you know you say you've got the doubletree and then the sing- two single trees fastened on to the double 596: #1 Yes ma'am mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 tree right? # Now if you've got that's for two horses- 596: Yes that's right. Interviewer: suppose you got one horse Pulling the wagon- 596: Well then o- a one horse wagon. Interviewer: still be on there? 596: Yes ma'am, one a- uh one horse wagon he got sh- still he got {X} put on a {X} but still he's got one singletree up there he's got {X} with his {X}. Interviewer: #1 Ya they're fastened # 596: #2 fastened to- # Interviewer: on to the singletree. Would there be a doubletree for that singletree? No. I see so there would just be the singletree in that case? That's right. Okay fine. Uh, if a man were going back and forth all day with wood in his wagon, you'd say he was doing what 596: #1 to the wood? # Interviewer: #2 He's # 596: hauling wood. Interviewer: Alright. Suppose there was a log across the road you'd say I tied a rope to it and what it? 596: Uh I dragged it out, I drug it out or something Interviewer: okay and we have quite a few stumps we have dragged or we have drugged quite a few stumps. 596: Ya we have Interviewer: Have you ever used snaked? 596: Ma'am? Interviewer: Have you ever used snaked a log? 596: Yes ma'am that's right that's right yes ma'am. put a chain on it get your pa- animals to it and uh {X} {D: what you got} and just snake it along {X}. Interviewer: Ah what do you break the ground with in the spring? 596: Well I used to break it with a plow, with a plow but now you got tractors and all who can do all that but back in the then would, you would take a plow and maybe we'd one them we call or maybe one horse plow. maybe there are two horse plowing like that. Then they get a {X} we take a middle splitter. that's a two horse plow, that throws the dirt each way making your rows for planting. Interviewer: And those those trenches that a plow cuts are what? {X} Um what kinds of plows, you've mentioned the middle splitter what other kinds of 596: #1 Well theres a # Interviewer: #2 plows? # 596: two horse plows, it's a two horse plow it's a big plow that you take uh make them plowing a big bulk out. Why you carry half this time and half next time but a middle splitter well you gonna hold {X} clean it out as you go. Interviewer: Uh and what do you use to break up the clods? 596: Well we- clod masher we call it. Interviewer: Ever hear it called a harrow? 596: Yes ma'am a harrow, that's right to level off Interviewer: #1 That's the same thing? # 596: #2 stuff like that. Yes ma'am yeah # {X} harrow I either just um call them a harrow {X} one horse harrow something like that. Interviewer: Okay. What do call the X shaped frame that you put a log across to chop it up? 596: Well I- Interviewer: Was there ever a frame? 596: #1 Yes ma'am,I don't know what you # Interviewer: #2 you know that you put them in? # 596: call it I just pick me something like that. put a little log between and saw it or something like that but I don't know- Interviewer: You didn't call it anything? 596: No ma'am I didn't. Interviewer: What would you put a plank across to saw it? 596: Well hor- uh we call horses. Interviewer: Horses? 596: Yes ma'am horses. Interviewer: Alright uh you sharpen a straight razor on a leather? 596: Well I'd sharpen, you- you'd sharpen a straight razor on a hone, you honed it first on a rock. Interviewer: Yes sir 596: On th- then as you get honed while you have your uh strap strap {X} that strap on your razor. Interviewer: Ah 596: Put an edge on it keeping a fine edge on it. Interviewer: Oh 596: Ya. Interviewer: I don't see how anybody ever shaved with it 596: Well that's what I shave with now. A straight razor Interviewer: #1 You're kidding? # 596: #2 all the time. # I don't ever Interviewer: #1 Right now? # 596: #2 use # {X} Now, everyday I use I- uh- twi- I'm use it twice a week. I shave with my straight razor. Interviewer: I'd slit my throat Aux: {X} Interviewer: {NW} How in the world- 596: You'd cut it one time, you'd cut it one time, you wouldn't cut it no more, you- you'd be protecting it Interviewer: {NW} Well I guess you've probably been doing it a long 596: #1 Ya well that's right # Interviewer: #2 time so # 596: Ever since I be old enough to shave that's what I use.\ Interviewer: Oh my 596: I've got a razor I been had twenty-two years. Same razor. Interviewer: Same straight 596: #1 And it's as # Interviewer: #2 razor? # 596: good as it was when I first bought it. Interviewer: Is that right? 596: That's right. Interviewer: My goodness. What do you put in a revolver to shoot it? 596: Well called cartridges. Interviewer: Alright and somehow people straightened their hair with a comb or a? 596: Uh straightening comb you call it {X} Interviewer: Well no they just you know they- they ge- fix their hair with a comb or a bru- 596: {X} comb. Interviewer: Uh huh or a what a bru-? 596: A brush. Interviewer: Okay if you say you're gonna use a brush on your hair you're gonna do what to your hair? 596: Aw you gonna put some {D: more} maybe uh uh grease I mean uh- Interviewer: Or just like brush your hair- 596: Brush your hair or just something like that. Interviewer: Alright {X} 596: Hairdressing or something like that. Interviewer: Alright when you were a child it might have been some things you found to play with. Um did you ever put a plank across a horse and one kid go up and down? 596: Up and down that's right. Interviewer: What'd you call that? 596: I don't know we called it #1 ridding r- # Aux: #2 Seesaw # 596: See- I- we called seesaw, we would, be seesaw. Interviewer: Alright if you were- if you were doing that what would you say you were doing? 596: Well see-sawing all I can Interviewer: #1 Okay that's good. # 596: #2 tell. We were seesawing # {X}. Interviewer: And suppose there was a plank that was say fastened in the middle like to a tree stump 596: Yes ma'am uh. Interviewer: Going around and aroun- 596: Round round and round, I made a many of 'em Interviewer: Did you? 596: Yes. I eve- I even have went to cut off a a tree by its {X} tucked the stump of it and {X} fetched me a pole between there and go make it around. Interviewer: Is that right what did you- 596: Called a flying Jenny Interviewer: Flying Jenny? 596: Yeah flying Jenny. Interviewer: {NW} what about something where you would um hang say a rope or something from tree and put a plank on it? 596: Yea, that's a swing. Interviewer: Alright did you use vines sometimes for that? 596: Yes ma'am, yes ma'am used some vines, we used some of those vine we used to have one and cut a vine and we could just swing way out over the swamp. I mean a {X} come back to where we started at. Interviewer: Is that right? 596: Ya. {X} well we tried it. Interviewer: {NW} In- in this part of the country did the children ever play or you know when you were growing up 596: Ya Interviewer: did they ever play something where they had a long limber plank 596: Yes. Interviewer: And they fastened both ends and jump up and down on it? 596: Yes. I dunno what they call it but th- but they'd have that though I don't know what that what name they used that. Interviewer: Did they ever er- did you maybe hear it called a jumping board 596: Well it might have been. Interviewer: #1 Or juggling board ? # 596: #2 though. Might have # been something like- Interviewer: But you di- didn't really, you don't really 596: #1 remember? # Interviewer: #2 No # 596: don't know what the name was, I just don't know. Interviewer: What would you carry keep coal in beside a stove? 596: Keep what? Interviewer: Keep coal In if you had a coal stove? 596: Yes ma'am. Interviewer: There's a container sometimes you'd keep it beside the stove. 596: Well I don- wouldn't- I wouldn't know what you'd call that either. Like you have 'em coals what you gonna put 'em inside the stove? I don't know what you Interviewer: #1 {D: Ever hear of a scuddle?} # 596: #2 call. # Ma'am? Interviewer: {D: Ever hear of a scuddle?} 596: Well yes ma'am I reckon so I guess so. But I didn't know what we'd call it. Interviewer: Alright and thinking about the stove wh- that maybe your mother cooked on, 596: Ya. Interviewer: What was the part of the stove that came up from the stove up to the chimney? 596: Oh uh you mean the stove pipes you call it? Interviewer: Alright. Ya. And what did it face into in the wall or in the ch- ceiling, wherever it went? 596: Well now way back in on them forty when they making these things your stove pipe come from your stove on up that's straight on up the top of the house and what went through the wall up the the boards on top of the house. They call her uh roof plate. Interviewer: Roof plate? 596: Ya roof plate and you'd fix her all round the roof plate so water wouldn't run in round the stove pipe. That's called a roof plate And {X} went to fix them where they have uh {X} the flu. {X} that flu. And tha- that flu made out of brick and that- that would take your uh smoke and everything on out. {X} Interviewer: With a brick the flu made out of brick- 596: Ya. Interviewer: be on top of the house? 596: No maybe it'd come through the through the roof of the house down to about what you call a the loft up there we'd call it. Interviewer: I see. 596: And rest on some cross pieces up there. I- Well it started going out but you pro- you still probably go up in you go up in that flu stop up there and- Interviewer: I follow you, I see what you're saying. Alright uh you talked a minute ago about the hone that you used to sharpen the #1 razor on? # 596: #2 Yeas ma'am # yes ma'am. Interviewer: Alright was this something that you'd carry in your pocket to shape- to sharpen knives? 596: No you could sharpen knives with them but I use a hone. Oh it be about that long and its a solid smooth {NS} and you take it and put some oil on it and take a razor and just Interviewer: Mm 596: sharpen on that. Interviewer: Well what would you use to sharpen a pocket knife then? 596: Well you use a po- pocket knife you take a rock of some kind maybe um what you call a piece of old uh grinding stone. They like to do sharpen pocket knife on. just old piece of grinding stone. Interviewer: Right now a grinding stone, wh- what would it be like? Uh- 596: Grinding stone is a round maybe a uh uh something like a wheel that round with {X} timber through it with a handle on it. You turn your axes to sharpen your axes and all that- Interviewer: It'd be mounted somewhere- 596: Yes ma'am, draw knife, uh a cane knife, anything you want sharp any kind of instrument you want. that's what a grinding stone is. Interviewer: Alright did you ever hear the kind that you could carry around with you called um a wet rock or wet stick? 596: Yes that's right. Well wet rock, we always call it a wet rock just any old piece of grinding stone anything it gets broke or anything we call that a wet rock. Interviewer: Oh you'd pick that up and take it around with you if you wanted to if you wanted to?Yes, yes that's right. But you couldn't carry a grind stone? 596: No. Interviewer: {NW} Alright um there's something that you carry uh say bricks in uh that you push around has two handles and one wheel- 596: Yeah I know wheelbarrow. Interviewer: Alright and this thing parked out here is a? My- what I drove in? 596: Oh- oh you mean a car yeah. Interviewer: Would you ever use the word automobile? 596: Yes automobile, that's when they first come out you know. Interviewer: Yea but if you were just talking about it would you be more likely to say automobile or car? 596: we usually mostly say car now Interviewer: I think everybody 596: Everybody says car now. Well I remember the first day I ever saw it in my life. it was just it was just nothing like we got now. Interviewer: Mm. 596: Course I, when I come in this world it wasn't no c- such thing as a car. Interviewer: Oh no I guess not. 596: There was no such thing as a car. Interviewer: You got a pretty truck out there. 596: Yes ma'am. {X} I'd rather use a truck now to gather in the food the car cause I but all time I was picking up something, you know something like that then {X} better than a car do. Interviewer: Oh yeah. 596: Ya. Interviewer: Well there are a lot of times I think I need a truck. 596: Yes. Interviewer: This isn't mine I rented that one because my husband doesn't like me to drive all the way to Georgia yes. No. So I fly over to Jackson and then drive out there uh. Uh if my car started getting squeaky 596: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: I might say I need to go do what to it? 596: Go ahead catch the garage, have it checked. Interviewer: Alright, and while he's there he might say it needs um you need to do what to it, you need to gre-? 596: You need to grease it uh maybe need greasing uh uh checking on it some whatever the matter'd it be. Ya Interviewer: So I left it with a mechanic and he? 596: Yea. And he and he greased it uh done something to it whatever you call it. Interviewer: And um when he got through he was so, his hands were all? 596: All gre- greased up, and something like that Interviewer: You use a kind of a, a thick 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer: uh grease when you're lubricating a car but there's something thin like if your door hinge was squeaking what would you put on it? 596: Well we call that w- we call that um sometimes we call it three in one oil something like that where you, That's not uh that's just a smooth oil that is. Ya, three in one oil um, then we got a, some oil we call a {X}. {X} oil. That's {X} put on any kind of uh nuts you want uh to get it loose, it won't come loose well that- that- that uh- Interviewer: Oh yes, I seen that 596: Yes Interviewer: Back in the old days they used to just melt something they'd melt lard or something to use- 596: Yes, and all like that yeah these folks used to grease the wagon all time but- Interviewer: {X}. 596: {X} just anything {D: pine rolls or mortar} Interviewer: #1 Of really? # 596: #2 anything. # Yea Interviewer: Uh the kind of stuff they used to burn in lamps? 596: Coal oil now they call it kerosene oil, they don't it anything now much {X}. Interviewer: Did they uh ever did you ever make a lamp? I mean you- have one no- not a bought lamp but make one using coal oil or? 596: Yes ma'am, I made a {D: many of 'em}. Interviewer: How did you do that? Well I'd- I'd take a little old {X} bottle and put some oil in it and take uh {X} cloth {X} twist it good and twist it put it down i- in that oil soak in there and you- all you got those lighters 596: hold your torch at {D: this angle}. yeah, same as a lamp. Interviewer: well did you ever call it anything, what would you call it? 596: I used to call it a lamp, homemade lamp I'd call it. Interviewer: Okay. 596: Homemade lamp. Interviewer: Uh {NS} toothpaste comes in a? 596: Tubes Interviewer: If you'd just built a boat and you about to put it in the water for the first time you say you're gonna do what to it? 596: Pitch it or something like that. Interviewer: Alright or launch it? 596: It was something like that yeah. About the same thing. Interviewer: Alright what kind of boats uh do you think, uh what kind of boat would you use to go fishing in? 596: I don't know {D: my net it'd go} {X} boat {D: in order to} fishing. Interviewer: Ah 596: But but her uh I wouldn't know what you'd call it. Interviewer: Alright um the kind of boat that has a pointy, what's a canoe look like? You know, have any idea about a 596: #1 No, # Interviewer: #2 canoe? # 596: no ma'am I ain't been {X} waters too much. Interviewer: Yea, I- there are a lot of these questions that maybe people who don't uh- maybe it would really apply to somebody over next to the 596: #1 That's right. That's right . Yes. # Interviewer: #2 river but over here it may not. # Alright um if you met a little boy on the street and he was afraid of you 596: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: you might tell him you weren't gonna hurt him by saying now don't cry I, 596: Yea I ain't gonna bite, now don't cry son I ain't gonna bite I wouldn't hurt you for nothing I'd him something like that. Interviewer: That's- If a woman wants to buy a dress that's a certain color, 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer: When she goes to the store she might take along a little piece of cloth 596: That's right. Interviewer: That'd be um? 596: That'd be a sample of what you wanted maybe uh I guess. Interviewer: Alright, if she sees a dress that she likes very much, she might say that's what kind of dress? That sure is a? 596: A beautiful dress. Interviewer: Or a pre- 596: A pretty dress. Interviewer: {X} {NW} Are you the one who can draw the flowers? Aux: yes, ma'am. I could Interviewer: Wandering Jew look at that well, what do they call that over here Aux: yeah, yes ma'am they call it a cane Interviewer: that's what Mrs. {B} said. #1 She called it something like that # Aux: #2 yes ma'am # {X} Interviewer: and i have some, but they told me it was called Wandering Jew Aux: maybe, I mean Interviewer: it changes, you know, from one place to another. What you call some plants Aux: I just called what the, I first heard it by Interviewer: yeah, that's what what I do too but it sure is pretty Aux: thank you Interviewer: you've got a green thumb my ferns die Aux: yes I know {D:Words} but they come back out after you get warm again in the spring Interviewer: they told me mine shouldn't have any sun Aux: So this one sitting right there and it's got brown all over them {X} i think the sun was too much on it Interviewer: yeah, this hot sun, it really #1 {X} # Aux: #2 i have one on the back porch # they've been pretty too now but it was looking real quiet out here Interviewer: do you water them very often? Aux: about three times a week well Interviewer: it's outside Aux: yeah Interviewer: and it dries up pretty quickly Aux: when the inside of the house that's when it gets dead to me i just can't hardly have a look if it's inside the house {NS} put them in in the winter and they look terrible when I, once you put them out {X} Interviewer: well, you know, I can't, I can't keep anything over the winter Aux: #1 that's hard for me # Interviewer: #2 because my house is very dark # Aux: #1 my house is little and dark # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Aux: #1 real small # Interviewer: #2 and it, I never get enough light or I'm getting too much water or something # Aux: too much heat. there's something in the house. I don't know {X} Interviewer: yeah, I've {X} all over again Aux: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # Aux: look so bad when they take them out {X} almost ashamed to put them out in the front Interviewer: the pick up again Aux: they pick up again after you get them out #1 of the house # Interviewer: #2 my God # Aux: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 there's no looking candy about that # Aux: #1 mine did that, I lost some of mine # Interviewer: #2 mine are dead # really Aux: sure did Interviewer: you know, I found out I could keep geraniums over though Aux: no {X} {NS} Interviewer: is those photinia Aux: this is photinia Interviewer: oh this is Aux: yeah, yeah, geraniums. she sent me this Interviewer: oh yeah I- I wasn't sure which one you were pointing at and I know that Aux: piece out on the back porch is a long vine that hangs down Interviewer: what's this Aux: cactu- {X} Interviewer: oh, is that a Christmas cactus Aux: yes ma'am Interviewer: oh Aux: they're a pretty thing for Christmas I put them in a dining room {X} and just let them sit inside the house there but that's be so crowded, but I put them in there cuz I don't want to lose them, you know and when Christmas come they just be so pretty Interviewer: mm-hmm #1 I bet they are # Aux: #2 {X} # {NW} Interviewer: I've never seen one bloom #1 you haven't oo # Aux: #2 I've heard them # I have one on the back in blooming {X} Interviewer: oh really Aux: yes, big paint block Interviewer: {X} I didn't know about it Aux: {X} Interviewer: well, i guess i better get started here. Excuse my bag Aux: alright, I'm tryna {X} cuz I was in the kitchen here Interviewer: hey this is cool Aux: I was in the #1 kitchen # Interviewer: #2 feel that breeze # 596: that's nice breeze Aux: he went to the washer this morning and just got back from washing I always wait till he come back to cook him a little breakfast Interviewer: oh, have you had breakfast 596: yes, ma'am I've had #1 breakfast # Aux: #2 yes, he did # Interviewer: #1 that's good # Aux: #2 eating breakfast # #1 {X} # 596: #2 I never want no early breakfast # Aux: #1 {X] # 596: #2 {X} # Aux: sit with you {X} Interviewer: did you- did you, you said something about you used to be a farmer 596: yes ma'am, I used to be a farmer Interviewer: yeah, did you eat early breakfast then 596: yes, ma'am. I used to eat early breakfast then sometime {X} Interviewer: really 596: #1 he wouldn't want nothing to eat # Interviewer: #2 he knew you wouldn't wait, he knew you wouldn't wait for him # 596: I wouldn't wait for no breakfast Interviewer: would you come back and eat it later or 596: well, probably I would. Yeah maybe a cup of coffee or something like that Interviewer: well, I thought all farmers got up real early and ate a huge breakfast #1 {X} # 596: #2 well, no, I never could # #1 {X} # Aux: #2 {X} # 596: #1 but dinner and supper I # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: {NW} 596: #1 don't want no breakfast much, but dinner and supper # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: you're just not a breakfast person #1 huh # 596: #2 yeah, no I'm not boy # Interviewer: uh, would you tell me your name please so I can have a record of it 596: yes, ma'am Hosmer {B} Hosmer, H-O-S-M-E-R Interviewer: alright 596: ain't many folks got that name Interviewer: no, i haven't heard that before I don't #1 believe # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: um, where is it somebody else that's named in your family or 596: yes ma'am. I've got a I've got a son and a gran- and a grandson named Hosmer that's the only three here Interviewer: is that right. well who were you named after 596: well, i don't know him Interviewer: but they do, it just was a name that started #1 with you # 596: #2 yes, yes ma'am, that's right # it used to be a bookkeeper in the Franklin County no in Summit {X} in Pike County Aux: {X} 596: uh, he was named Charlie {B} so my daddy named me after at least, the last part of the name Interviewer: I see. How many children were in your family when you were growing up 596: uh, my family, let's see my my parents let's see how many Aux: {X} 596: hmm? I think it was ten Aux: #1 it was then, seven boys and three girls # 596: #2 yeah # #1 yeah, that's right # Aux: #2 {X} # 596: yeah Interviewer: #1 {NW} # Aux: #2 {NW} # 596: yeah, that's right. I forget Interviewer: um, and your address please 596: my address now? Interviewer: yes sir 596: um, Brookhaven route six {B} Interviewer: {X} 596: the latter part of my name {B} did you get that Interviewer: yes {B} 596: that's right {B} Interviewer: and this is what county 596: this is Lincoln county Interviewer: alright, and then would your your address be uh box {B} route six 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: Brookhaven 596: yes ma'am, Brookhaven Interviewer: Mississippi 596: Brookhaven, Mississippi Interviewer: alright naturally 596: that's right Interviewer: i just wanna get make sure I get #1 all of this # 596: #2 I see, yes # Interviewer: uh and where were you born 596: I was ra-I was born in Franklin County Interviewer: yes, that's what she said #1 yesterday uh # 596: #2 yeah yeah # Interviewer: about how far from the county line were you born 596: well, where i was born at is about ten miles from the county line that was that was Mid county and Lincoln, and Pike they all kind of connected right together and so I was in Franklin - Franklin yeah alright, I saw on the map that there's kind of a little place in Lincoln where it kinds of juts out that's right Interviewer: that i guess was where you were born 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: was it close to any community 596: well little springs old little spring little spring used to be a place well, in them days, people recognized little spring like they would Brookhaven now Interviewer: really 596: everybody in that community come to little spring yeah it was just a big, it was just a big store there and a sawmill and that's about Aux: post office too 596: post office Aux: mm-hmm 596: while everybody go to little spring, little spring and so easily recognized like Brookhaven is now Interviewer: wow 596: seem to me like big community Interviewer: well then, where did you, you said you were born there. Then where did you move after that 596: well I {X} come this way until I got to Lincoln county yes Interviewer: did you um move um. I mean back how old were you when you started moving away from that area 596: well, back when I left there I was thirty-five years old when I left out of Franklin coming out, I was thirty-five years old by the time I got to Lincoln, yeah Interviewer: I see, you said you started moving this way 596: yes, my {X} I was moving back in in the community, back and forth {X} got on out in there Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: uh Mrs. {B} said something about that you were you lived pretty close to the county line there for a while she said like three or four miles from the county line or something like that 596: yes, that's when I was in Aux: in franklin 596: in franklin county, yeah Interviewer: I see, is this when you grew up as a child 596: yes ma'am, that's, I started in Franklin county Interviewer: okay 596: yeah, started out in Franklin county yeah Interviewer: alright, then when you got in Lincoln county, where did you live in Lincoln county when you were thirty-five 596: I was living in the community, what do you call uh uh, Arlington Interviewer: yes 596: Arlington community yeah Interviewer: that's over near Bogue Chitto 596: yes, ma'am that's right Interviewer: right, oh 596: that's right Interviewer: and then how old were you when you came to this area 596: I mean uh {X} Interviewer: well I guess what I'm asking is, how long have you lived right here 596: about twenty-six years yeah, twenty-six Interviewer: where did where did you live when you were farming 596: well I farmed since I've been here when I farm, come as a farmer when I when I left for Franklin county then i come to to Lincoln county as a farmer then I {X} uh about eight or ten years ago I quit trying to farm {X} Interviewer: um 596: I quit trying to farm Interviewer: do you do anything now 596: well yes I do a little a little ol' patch farming and gardening such as that, raise vegetables like that Interviewer: mm 596: yeah Interviewer: that sort of thing, that helps now too 596: yes {X} Interviewer: oh yeah, you know a lot of people in Georgia are starting to dig up the backyards #1 and plant things # 596: #2 oh yeah that's right # Interviewer: i have three tomato plants, ain't that grand 596: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # Aux: I've got chickens, i can't cook nothing in my backyard Interviewer: oh i guess not Aux: we got chickens 596: well, I, we used to just raise all any on a farm, just buy- see an advertisement in the paper of something and I wanted you, I just harvested that seed in them maybe and just try it out I remember I had some tomatoes, you know it's called oxheart tomato while they'd, all they'd get that big right, you know tomatoes Interviewer: they good? 596: yeah, they were good, they were all right Interviewer: uh, let's see and would you tell me your age please 596: my age now if I love to see one month tomorrow I'll be seventy-eight Interviewer: oh really 596: yes Interviewer: my goodness 596: first day of October, I was born eighteen-ninety-five Interviewer: my goodness, you don't look seventy-eight you shouldn't tell anybody you're seventy-eight {NW} and uh have you ever done any kind of work other than farming 596: yes, ma'am I've done some public work long by chances {X} Interviewer: some what, I'm sorry I didn't hear 596: I said I've done some public work, let's get on the railroad like that Interviewer: oh 596: yes, a little bit yeah some Interviewer: what did you, what kind of work did you do on the railroad 596: well I have to do a I was working on a steel game, kind of on steel Interviewer: oh, laying track 596: yes, laying track, yeah laying track yeah Interviewer: I see 596: and I done work as a helper for brick masons I don't like that, I don't like that building like that Interviewer: did you ever uh. I know that this was a lumber country Did you ever work in a saw mill at all 596: no, not much. I didn't work much in a saw mill Interviewer: I see 596: not much I worked in a saw mill Interviewer: and uh what religion are you 596: Baptist, Missionary Baptist Interviewer: alright and uh did you attend school in Franklin County 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: uh what school did you go to 596: uh i forget the name of the little school we had Interviewer: right 596: well little springs yeah {X} Interviewer: mm-hmm 596: yeah yeah, that's right a little springs it was called Interviewer: alright, and how far did you get in school 596: oh about eighth grade to {X} I didn't get very far Interviewer: alright and um, let's see, do you belong to any clubs or any #1 organizations # 596: #2 yes yes and that's right # Interviewer: what what sort of clubs do you #1 belong to # 596: #2 I've gone to Masonic # Interviewer: #1 are you # 596: #2 yeah yeah Masonic yeah # Interviewer: my father was a Mason 596: i see, yeah Interviewer: alright, anything else you belong to 596: well no I'm not Interviewer: alright that's fine uh, we're just tryna get a picture of of you as a person. that's what we're doing 596: wha-wha-what you say Aux: {X} 596: oh yeah yeah well yeah that's right {X} yeah I'm a member of of them Interviewer: oh, alright, what about your parents. uh do you know where your mother was born 596: yes, but she was born in Franklin county Interviewer: alright and your father 596: he was born in franklin Interviewer: alright, and your mo- do you know anything about your mother's education do you know how far she went in school 596: no, I just don't know Interviewer: #1 or your father # 596: #2 but she but # no, I don't know but then but they both could, they both could read, write, and do anything that I can my bible was uh, I mean to say my father was a good bible scholar Interviewer: was he 596: he was a real bible scholar but now, I don't, I don't know how anything {X} he could do it himself. he didn't have to have to get nobody else to do it so I don't know how far, what grade #1 he got to # Interviewer: #2 alright, that's fine # what is that I just heard out there 596: that's a mule out there Interviewer: that's what I thought 596: {NW} Interviewer: #1 I haven't seen a mule since I was a child # 596: #2 {NW} # [NW} well, that's one out there Interviewer: she have a name 596: no, that mule ain't got #1 no name # Aux: #2 she's just a mule # 596: #1 just a mule # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # i thought that's what I heard uh, what kind, what sort of work did your father do 596: well, he farmed {X} i Know he farmed all his life Interviewer: alright, do you ever do, you mentioned he was bible scholar. Did he ever do any preaching 596: no, he didn't preach, but he was a teacher. you know #1 teacher # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 596: that's right Aux: oh my, do y'all mind me putting in {X} 596: that's all right i forget Aux: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # Mr {B} Aux: he's supposed to get some {X} Interviewer: he can repeat so I'll get in on the tape #1 because I don't think I'll pick you up # Aux: #2 {X} # tryna get things to remember things. If I'm- if I'm interrupting Interviewer: no, not at all #1 not all # 596: #2 no that's fine # Interviewer: just cause my back's to you Aux: your father was a deacon of the church 596: oh yeah, he was a deacon. He was a deacon Aux: just like you are now 596: yeah, that's right mm-hmm Interviewer: are you a deacon of #1 the church # 596: #2 yes ma'am that's right # Interviewer: wonderful 596: that's right yeah all #1 works like that I'm I'm in it # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: that's fine that's fine uh where is the church that you go to where is it located 596: right over between in town in town eighty years {D: Shent Marks} I imagined you passed it just coming out here this morning Interviewer: I might've 596: and to the right Interviewer: I'll look as I go back, I really don't know 596: yeah Interviewer: I'm usually looking for where I'm going and I 596: I see Interviewer: I don't look at the landmarks 596: yeah Interviewer: I know where Jones is 596: well this church is above Jones and Marks to the right, just in between in town just above Jones and Mark Interviewer: I'll look 596: yes Interviewer: I'll look 596: to the right Interviewer: uh, do you know anything oh and your mother, did she do any sort of work outside the home 596: no, no, not outside the home Interviewer: alright, did she do any day work or anything of that sort 596: no morning on the farm {X} Interviewer: alright, do you know anything at all about your grandparents 596: no, well I know my mother, my mother's father uh, grandparent. I know him. I remember him. I used to go to his house when I was a little, just a little kid yeah Interviewer: do you know anything about where he was born or what he did for a living 596: well, I know he was born in Franklin county he's old home place was called old St. Luke but that's over there now on Mississippi central railroad over there in Mc-what's called McColls this little place called McColl, but he was born there that was his home right in there {NS} he stayed there until back in them days had called white caps see the white caps run them, run all the colored people out from that part of the country Interviewer: what were white caps. I haven't heard that before 596: well, that's that's some sort like the Ku Klux Interviewer: oh really 596: yeah, like whi- in them days we called white caps so they'd come in the community after you know and give maybe the colored people orders, give them time to, we want you to be vacated from this place in a certain length of time, if you don't, we gone come back and see why you ain't gone well, that's right, we could do that and so and so if we hadn't gone when they come back wild, they'd come in they'd they'd put you away in there Interviewer: #1 oh # 596: #2 put you away # shoot in your house, shoot you too {X} hadn't got out when they by that specified time Interviewer: oh 596: yeah Interviewer: does the Ku Klux do much around here now 596: no, we don't hear about them very much Interviewer: you don't hear anything #1 about them # 596: #2 we don't hear very much # {X} Interviewer: we don't in Georgia anymore either 596: no, no we don't hear no Ku Klux {X} but back in them days what you call white caps now they was rough Interviewer: now they weren't the Ku Klux 596: no Interviewer: they were another organization 596: yes most of them are Interviewer: another group of people 596: yes, most of them are Interviewer: well I hadn't run across that before, that's interesting 596: well, I was about seven years old when that happened of course my father, they didn't run him out, they told him yes {X} he be quiet, he wouldn't be bothered if he didn't be out talking so much, saying something about you know Interviewer: mm-hmm 596: they didn't bother him, sure enough see they had white caps, they had captains you know and, what they go by, leading you know Interviewer: uh, you uh, you just talked about they had captains 596: yeah Interviewer: and that reminded me, do you remember a time when uh well see I guess maybe black men would address their employer as captain 596: yeah Interviewer: or captain or something like that 596: yes, ma'am and uh it's like now there's a group of men uh i don't know how many it be in a squad but be warned that's their captain, that's the lead arrest them, tell them what to do Interviewer: I'm sick uh, let's see. I need to ask something about Mrs. {B} do you mind my asking how old Mrs. {B} is 596: yeah, you should go ahead and ask, yes Interviewer: alright, you, let her say it and you say it so #1 I can get it # 596: #2 yes ma'am, yes ma'am # Aux: I'm seventy-three 596: she's seventy-three Interviewer: seventy-three 596: seventy-three Interviewer: and what's her religion 596: Baptist Interviewer: alright and uh how far did Mrs. {B} go in school Aux: eighth grade 596: eighth grade she said Interviewer: alright and do you belong, does Mrs. {B} belong to any organizations? 596: yes {NS} Interviewer: what does she belong to 596: uh Aux: Heroines of Jericho 596: Heroines Heroines of Jericho Interviewer: alright is this a religious 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: organization 596: yes a religious organization Interviewer: alright, and does she, do you know anything about where Mrs. {B} parents came from 596: well now her Aux: lived in Franklin 596: her, well uh her parents Aux: and and my mother was in Lincoln county 596: yeah her mother her mother was born in Lincoln this county, way years back in this county Aux: and they married 596: and her her father was he born in Aux: he was born in franklin 596: Franklin? Aux: mm 596: yeah mm-hmm Interviewer: how long have you all been married 596: me me and her? Interviewer: uh-huh 596: fifty-five years Interviewer: i thought maybe, that's why i asked {NW} that's a long time 596: that's a long Interviewer: for two people #1 to live together # 596: #2 that's the truth, that's right # and some, and we never we never did fight, never did quit cause one going ain't coming back and all that. we we ain't never did do that Interviewer: oh, that's beautiful 596: that's right Interviewer: oh that's terrific how many children do you two have 596: we have seven children was it seven seven children Aux: lost two, we got five 596: we got five Interviewer: oh, that's beautiful where do your children live, do they, any of them live in this area 596: uh Aux: three 596: three of them do two boys, one girl live in this area yeah Aux: the other two live in Interviewer: where do the others live 596: live in Natchez, yeah Natchez, Mississippi Interviewer: I've worked in Natchez 596: #1 sure enough sure enough # Interviewer: #2 that's a beautiful little thing isn't it # 596: yeah, thats right Interviewer: do you ever get to go visit them 596: once in a while you visit them, but not as often. i ought to but still you can visit them once in a while but they come too themselves {X} Interviewer: do they 596: yeah Interviewer: what about uh any other traveling. how much traveling have you done? any? 596: no, i ain't done much traveling Interviewer: you gotta stay close to home and farm 596: yes, i haven't done much traveling Interviewer: alright, uh we're talking about the house where you were born 596: yeah Interviewer: do you remember what it looked like, how it was laid out on in the inside 596: well, I'll tell you the house I was born in, it was a little, log house just a little old peel- you know take pole, take log and peel them you know, peel the bark all off and stack them notch them, stack them well, I-I it was a log house where i was born in and I stayed in that little log house I reckon about uh, I was three or four years old and then and they built a box house right in front of the log house and I lived in that box house there until I was twelve years old Interviewer: now this this house, the log house, was it one room or how many rooms did it have 596: I- it didn't have but one room it didn't have one room and a and a kitchen we had little log kitchen and it was out on the had to go out out of the house and walk on the ground out to the kitchen Interviewer: it was out in the yard 596: out in the yard that's right Interviewer: do you ever call it anything, just the kitchen or did they ever call it a summer kitchen 596: well, i don't know {X} #1 {X} # Aux: #2 {X} # Interviewer: and did you still use that kitchen when they built the box house 596: no, they built another kitchen over there good little old box kitchen but it didn't join to the house Interviewer: it didn't join #1 either # 596: #2 no # had it sitting off, got a walk on a walk going out to the kitchen Interviewer: was the walk covered in any way 596: no Interviewer: just little walkway 596: when it rained you had to put something on your head and run out there Interviewer: {NW} where did you eat then, in the kitchen? #1 or in the house # 596: #2 yes ma'am in the kitchen, in the kitchen, that's right # Interviewer: alright, talking about this um box house 596: yeah Interviewer: okay, suppose I I drew a little square 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: can you show me where the rooms were 596: well Interviewer: the kitchen was over here somewhere 596: yes, ma'am, that's right Interviewer: okay, can you show me how many rooms were there 596: well, the house didn't have but two rooms, maybe one room, one large room and the other one kind of a smaller room Interviewer: uh, kind of like this 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: okay and what was this room called 596: well, I don't know, bedroom I reckon Interviewer: it was it was where you slept #1 though # 596: #2 yes, yes # Interviewer: alright, and what about this one, what did you 596: well, we had a bed in that, they had a bed in that, and then everything else we had was it's round about in the rooms, you know just round about in there Interviewer: okay, so it was pretty much a two bedroom 596: then finally, they built a uh porch out there Interviewer: which side was the porch on. this 596: it was on the front side yes Interviewer: and this is the front #1 side # 596: #2 yeah, mm-hmm # {X} and then put little room on the porch, cut off Interviewer: uh, like over here 596: yes, ma'am Interviewer: and what was that room for 596: well, that's you put a, we boys they put us in that room Interviewer: oh, so it became a bedroom #1 too # 596: #2 yes, ma'am, that's right # Interviewer: okay, and how would you uh, where was the front door, right into this #1 bedroom # 596: #2 yes, yes ma'am that's right # that's right Interviewer: okay, if you had company where would they sit 596: well, I mean, where did they si- Interviewer: yeah where. You know which room would you have your company come to 596: {X} it'd be in the large room Interviewer: the large room okay, um, did you do you have a porch off the back or anything 596: no, we didn't have no porch Interviewer: didn't have a back porch 596: no, we had a little kitchen set behind, right behind that that little room there Interviewer: oh, the kitchen would be over here 596: yes Interviewer: I see 596: of course you had to Interviewer: but farther away I see 596: farther away Interviewer: like over here 596: yeah Interviewer: and then there'd be a walkway 596: that's right Interviewer: this way 596: that's right yeah Interviewer: okay, did you ever know of a house in where they had the front porch and they had something over to the side of the porch where people came in and watched where they keep water 596: yes, yes Interviewer: what was that 596: uh. Addison, my father, the last home he he lived in before he died, well that's the kind of house he was in Interviewer: was it 596: {X} we called it a {X} we called it a watershed with a copper lattice made across you know Interviewer: uh-huh 596: and protect it around here Interviewer: yeah, do you know I ran across that the very first time in this area 596: sure enough Interviewer: and I'm asking everybody about it cause I had never heard of it on a house 596: sure enough Interviewer: that's the kind of thing I'm #1 interested in finding out # 596: #2 yeah # now, {X} i had those things set right between like the kitchen off from the house to pee Interviewer: mm-hmm 596: and that set off, that right between the house and the kitchen where that little where we kept the water Interviewer: alright, now was it built separate from the house or was it attached to the house 596: no {X} built separate from the house Interviewer: it was built separate #1 from the house # 596: #2 separate from the house # Interviewer: like a little shed or 596: yes, something like that it wasn't very tall you know but it it's kind of uh Interviewer: you couldn't walk into it? 596: no, you'd walk up to it Interviewer: up to it and it be #1 kind of like # 596: #2 so so like that little # {X} Interviewer: I see, but it had a roof on it 596: yes ma'am, that's right, sure did Interviewer: hmm, that's interesting I hadn't heard that and what would you usually find in there 596: well, it just be your water buckets and your pan, what you bathe your face and hands you sitting in there that's about all it would be in there, just that it wouldn't be no more off from that post after that Interviewer: oh, would you um have something there to drive in with or dry your hards of 596: yes ma'am, that's right, they'd, they'd have it hanging on the wall, maybe a towel hanging on the wall back there Interviewer: and soap or anything like that 596: oh, that's right, have a little old, what you call it, soap box Interviewer: a soap box 596: yeah, put your soap in there Interviewer: ah 596: yeah Interviewer: um, I forgot to ask one thing about this the house, the way way the house was, how was it heated 596: why I just, we just nothing but just a fireplace we call wood it's wood and and have a chimney uh, chimney, you've seen chimney Interviewer: yes 596: yeah, in them days it was day chimney back in them days, some of them was day chimney and if if you didn't have no brick, well they didn't worry about no brick just go out there and make a frame, stack up like like you building a little house {X} mud all the way up way up there Interviewer: well, which room was the fireplace in, the big bedroom 596: yes, that's where the fireplace would be Interviewer: okay, would it have been this is the front porch, can you see what I'm drawing on that this is the porch 596: yes Interviewer: would it have been back here #1 or over there # 596: #2 yes, it # it it it'd be back here Interviewer: it'd been back here 596: that's right that's right Interviewer: alright 596: that's right Interviewer: did you ever have to build a fire 596: oh yes ma'am, i used to build a fire Interviewer: how do you go about building a fire in a fire place 596: well, you go out and get some splinters we we caught all the splinters you know Interviewer: {NW} 596: yeah, pines is made out of pine you know Interviewer: uh-huh 596: and we split them up kind of fine stick a match to them and {X} put them down and begin to add more wood to them Interviewer: was there a big piece of wood that you 596: no, we started with little wood, small wood till it get it fire started, then you get your big wood to begin to put on in there Interviewer: I wondered if there was a, you know, sometimes they would have a great, big log they'd put in the back of the fireplace 596: well, I Interviewer: called it a back log 596: that's what they called a back log yeah that'd be a bigger stick of wood than the rest of it you know the biggest you put on the back and build a fire right in front of that and then you add to it, just add to it so Interviewer: uh 596: you get through, you had a good fire Interviewer: I'd imagine #1 so # 596: #2 you'd be warm # you could've been way back warm Interviewer: uh, what did they put the wood on to hold it in the fireplace 596: it was, what you call a dog iron yes, it is iron on each side like that what you call a dog iron, but when they didn't have no dog iron why they'd get old thimble out of a wagon, old fashioned wagon old thimble what you call a thimble with the wheel roll on Interviewer: mm-hmm 596: they'd take that, put that on each side there, make make five dogs we carved them out of them old thimbles, come out a wagon yeah Interviewer: I'll be 596: that's what they have Interviewer: the dog irons that would be the bulk kind 596: yes ma'am they'd be the bulk kind Interviewer: would you call, ever call that fire dogs if they were bought 596: well, if you could, some folks #1 made them # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 596: some folks used to take a blacksmith to make them, you know, just make them and {X} we call them dog irons, fire dogs are what we call them Interviewer: how about that 596: yeah {NS} Interviewer: uh, there's a open place wasn't there in front of the fireplace on the floor 596: yes, ma'am that's called a hearth yeah Interviewer: did they cook on that or 596: no, they didn't cook on it when people used to have to cook on the fireplace why they, that hearth was good for them to set the vessels on you know like that while it was cooking yeah, but after you got where they got them s- you'd get stoves while they didn't have to use, cook them Interviewer: what did your mother cook on 596: she cooked on the stove Interviewer: you all had the stove 596: yes, yes she did Interviewer: so she didn't have cook #1 anything # 596: #2 no # she didn't cook on the fire not as I can remember, I don't remember when she cooked on the fireplace she always cooked on the stove ever since I knew anything about it Interviewer: alright, and sometimes there's a piece of wood up on the fireplace, on the brick fireplaces where people set a cloth 596: yes, ma'am, yes ma'am we always called it the shelf, we called them shelves Interviewer: uh-huh 596: yeah but that's a mantelpiece, nowadays that's the mantelpiece Interviewer: uh, up in the chimney after you've been using the fireplace for a while, you get some black stuff 596: that's smut, yes Interviewer: alright 596: soot Interviewer: alright 596: we call it smut, but it's soot Interviewer: {NW} Aux: #1 {NW} # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: alright, go ahead um and after your wood is uh burned out you'll have some stuff left in the fireplace 596: yes ma'am, ashes Interviewer: alright, and this is kind of one of those questions that's gonna seem obvious, but what am I sitting in 596: chair yeah Interviewer: alright uh there's another piece of furniture, we're gonna talk about furniture that you might find in houses then and now 596: yeah Interviewer: there's another piece of furniture, not a chair, but it's a longer piece that maybe two or three people can sit on 596: bench, something like that Interviewer: well, um, you might have one in your front room now uh, has some cushions on it 596: oh, a sofa Interviewer: okay, anything else you call that maybe a long time ago or something 596: I didn't have nothing like that much then way back then Interviewer: no, i guess not 596: no, they didn't, they weren't able to get nothing like that Interviewer: okay, so is it the same as a couch 596: yeah Interviewer: a sofa the same #1 as a coach # 596: #2 yes ma'am, same thing as a couch # Interviewer: have you ever heard those called a duvet 596: yes ma'am I've heard of them, I sure have Interviewer: what is that the same thing I ran across that the first time up near Jackson and I don't really understand if that was a brand name or if it was looked different or what 596: well, I don't I don't know, I thought just about the same thing, I don't Interviewer: okay, just another name #1 for it # 596: #2 yes, yes # Interviewer: okay, that's what I was wondering uh, sometimes you have a piece of furniture in your bedroom that you put your clothes in 596: yeah mm-hmm well that's a wash den I reckon Aux: wide rule 596: wide rule, wide rule Interviewer: well, that's the kind that uh stands up isn't it #1 yours # 596: #2 yes that's # yeah, wide rule Interviewer: alright, suppose you have something that has drawers in it 596: well, I, we call, we used to call them dressers such as that dresser Interviewer: okay 596: a bureau Interviewer: a dresser and bureau the same thing? 596: no, not exactly. no not exactly {X} but they ain't exactly the same thing Interviewer: uh, does one of them have a mirror and the other one doesn't 596: well, they both, the both of them have mirrors Interviewer: they both have mirrors 596: yes yeah Interviewer: okay do you have any idea what the difference is between them 596: no, ma'am, I don't know why they call one a dresser and the other #1 a bureau # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # that's what I was #1 wondering too # 596: #2 I don't know, I don't know why they call it a different one # Interviewer: alright, good, um, the things that hang in a window to keep out the light 596: uh, shades you mean Interviewer: alright, now are shades the kind you pull up and down 596: yes ma'am, yes Interviewer: alright, what would these you have here be on your Aux: blind 596: a blind yes Interviewer: alright, and they are the tilting 596: yes Interviewer: kind 596: that's right Interviewer: alright, um, when you're talking about your fur- your um tables and your chairs and everything you say, they're all pieces of fur- they're all pieces of furni- 596: yes, ma'am, that's right Interviewer: pieces of what would you say 596: furniture Interviewer: alright 596: yes Interviewer: uh, if you have a little room built off your bedroom, you know in the old days people had wardrobes 596: yeah Interviewer: certain dressers, but now we might have a place where you hang up your clothes a little little room 596: that's right, in a closet Interviewer: alright the room at the top of a house um between the ceiling and the roof uh, you know if you have a one story house then you've got a space between the ceiling and the roof that would be the what 596: uh {X} Interviewer: okay, uh, in in this house maybe, you know you have a ceiling 596: yeah Interviewer: in there, alright, isn't there a space betwee-up-up above it 596: yes Interviewer: alright, what would you call that #1 space # 596: #2 well, we used to call it a-a-a # in our days, we called that up in the loft Interviewer: uh=huh 596: the loft, we'd call it up in the loft of course now if it's a {D: anoth- another uh} if somebody somebody lived there we called it {X} another room or storing we'd see Interviewer: right, but if nobody lived up there it'd be a loft 596: that's right Interviewer: would you call it anything different now 596: no, well I don't know {X} Interviewer: I heard Mrs. {B} say attic, would you say attic now or loft Aux: normally have up in, up overhead is if you store away things 596: well probably so I don't know Interviewer: alright Aux: {X} Interviewer: that's just fine and how would you get, if you had a two-story house, how would you get from the first floor up to the second floor 596: well, we have a stairway Interviewer: alright and to get from the ground up on the porch, you come up the what 596: steps Interviewer: alright, there's little room off the kitchen now they may've had them in the old days where you stored things like flowers 596: yes ma'am mm-hmm we call in the old days, called the store room Interviewer: store room 596: yes Interviewer: was it in the kitchen, I mean was it off the kitchen 596: no, it'd be, it kind of be uh it wouldn't be in the kitchen, it'd be kind of uh just like before you go into the kitchen where ours was, before we went in the kitchen there's a little room on the side Interviewer: built on to it sort of 596: yes, yes Interviewer: and what sorts of things would you keep in there 596: well, such as {X} and your flower, once you have such as that and cooking utensils or something like that Interviewer: okay, did you ever hear that called a dairy or pantry 596: yes Interviewer: which which one or both {NW} 596: well, I don't know uh dairy, that was before people uh that thing like you got it now it used to have when they built them out and out in the yard, out there on the shade tree cause it didn't have no electricity, nothing like that and, a maybe a good shade tree they'd build that little old that old building they build out there where it could keep cool it could, yeah it could it'd put your milk and stuff in there, store it away in there through the day but, then you fix something around on the ground, around there to keep it anxious {X} Interviewer: oh really 596: yeah, Interviewer: would ya, I haven't heard of that. what would you fix around on the ground 596: well, it would, maybe you put uh maybe a a tin lid, or probably a little old box of some kind with a whole water and sit the legs of it over in the air Aux: {X} 596: pour the water in and around {X} you know you wouldn't Interviewer: oh, I hadn't heard of that before 596: that's right Interviewer: that's clever, did it do the job 596: yes ma'am, maybe {X} maybe I ain't see learned sometimes how to swim {X} {NW} Interviewer: I hear they have fire ants around here 596: well they got plenty around here, ooh, they're rough Interviewer: mm 596: now, we got fire ants yeah Interviewer: mm 596: yeah Interviewer: um, this dairy though would not be the same as the store room 596: no ma'am, Interviewer: it would be built diff- at a different place #1 for a different thing # 596: #2 yes different, that's right # Interviewer: what do you call a lot of old worthless things that you really oughta throw away 596: I call that junk Interviewer: {NW} and where would you keep your junk 596: well, just put it out somewhere just until you can get rid of it Interviewer: would you ever have a shed or something 596: well Interviewer: would you ever have a room where you put it all 596: well, yes, sometimes we do have a room where you put stuff in you store it or throw it away maybe right then but you just throw it away until you make other arrangements {X} Interviewer: would you ever call that a a junk house 596: yes, that's my junk room, a little room for junk yes Interviewer: uh, every morning, just thinking of the work that a woman does every morning you'd say around the house, you'd say every morning she gets up and she does what to the house 596: well, she would sweep it up {X} the best she can, sweep it up and make up the beds maybe sometimes they'll cook breakfast before they make up the beds and all like that Interviewer: okay, thinking of all that, would you say that she cleans up or 596: yes, Imma say cleans up, cleans up before everything {X} Interviewer: alright, and what would she sweep the floor with 596: broom yes, in the you know, that way people start off with brooms but nowadays they got something else nowadays vacuum cleaners and all like that or we use a broom yet here, we use brooms Interviewer: if you had a broom and you-you were, you know maybe you wanted to keep it out of sight 596: yeah Interviewer: you had door, you know how you pull a door open and kind of leave it pushed open 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: you put the ro-broom 596: broom behind the door Interviewer: right 596: that's right Interviewer: uh, years ago on Monday, what did women usually do 596: well, that's sort of hard to tell Interviewer: was that the day they did their wash 596: no, back in them days people had to {X} Interviewer: oh #1 {NW} # 596: #2 {NW} # {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: oh, okay 596: {NW} they didn't wash it, they didn't wash that latter part of the week Interviewer: uh, what day did you usually wash then 596: well about Friday Interviewer: really? 596: yeah but on a Friday, and sometimes when uh work push it up real and really well, now of course I never was hard on my folks either way, I didn't do that it's been washed till Saturday morning, but no I didn't do that. My wife always washed on Sat- on a Friday or any day she wanted to wash, she said {X} boy she'd wash that thing Aux: {NW} 596: i wouldn't always like that, I didn't {X} Interviewer: oh what uh after a woman does the washing, then she has to do the what 596: {X} Interviewer: yeah, would they do that on the same day #1 usually or not # 596: #2 well if the clothes dried # {X} but sometimes the clothes wouldn't be dry {X} Interviewer: mm uh do you own this land around here 596: no, i leased it Interviewer: you leased it, and then when you were farming, I'm I'm trying to get a picture of how, you know, farming was 596: yes Interviewer: did uh, then a black man would lease land to farm on 596: yes ma'am that's right Interviewer: I see 596: yes, that's right Interviewer: uh 596: he'd have his own tools and everything, stock, I mean the animals, his ply tools, his wagon, all like that and so he was own manager then Interviewer: i see, so you always leased your farms 596: yes ma'am, I'd always been my own man {X} Interviewer: yeah, that's what I was driving at if if you worked on chairs at what you do 596: I never worked on chairs Interviewer: then what of the lease arrangement you would have would be you would pay a certain amount and it didn't have anything to do with how much you grew 596: no, no ma'am, that's right Interviewer: I see alright, uh, can we talked a minute ago about porches 596: yes Interviewer: can you have a porch on a second floor of a building 596: yes, ma'am, you can have a porch on a second floor Interviewer: would you call it anything other than a porch 596: uh, well I don't know what would or not Interviewer: do you remember what a law, a old word people used for porch 596: what's that Interviewer: gallery 596: gallery, that's right, yeah gallery Interviewer: it it, did a gallery look different than a porch 596: no, that's the same thing Interviewer: same thing 596: that's the same thing Interviewer: this could be a gallery 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: to to an old #1 {X} # 596: #2 that's right, that's right # Interviewer: alright if a door is open and you want someone to close it, you might tell them to what 596: shut the door, close the door Interviewer: {NW} alright 596: {NW} Interviewer: uh, sometime you'll build a house and you'll have some boards on the outside of the house that kind of lap over #1 {X} # 596: #2 yes, yes ma'am # Interviewer: those are are, are what, do you have a name for those 596: on the eve of the house Interviewer: on the out- on the sides 596: on the side Interviewer: on the outside 596: let's see what you mean {X} that's called weather board Interviewer: that's what I'm thinking of 596: yeah, weather board, that's right, weather board Interviewer: alright um, and the part that covers the top of the house is the {NS} 596: {D: yes ma'am, shingles} Interviewer: or, and it makes up the what the roof 596: yes, makes the roof Interviewer: alright, when you're building a roof that's like this 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: you have a piece that goes across the top 596: that's right yeah Interviewer: do that have a name 596: well, we uh call it a saddle board, we we call it the saddle board that make them {X} they fit over the top, shed the water each way, oh that's saddle board we can call it yeah Interviewer: would that be on a shingle roof as well as a {X} 596: well, yes as well as Interviewer: on any roof at the top 596: if you, if that is if you go back way back and then people use to lift the boards {X} like that like here the first come up then the {X} like that but now when it got where they cut these off like that then I can use a saddle board Interviewer: oh so when they they used to lift one side it steamed out 596: {X} Interviewer: yeah and then when they started cutting them both off at the same place they had to use the #1 saddle board # 596: #2 use the saddle board then # Interviewer: what would the saddle board be 596: made out of shingle roof well made out of plank or lumber of some kind where it wouldn't rot, hard lumber, something you'd last a long time when you put up there wouldn't build it out of sap lumber because it would rot too quick Interviewer: well what's hard lumber, what kind 596: well, I I , that's pine you see that's the inside of pine, some pine got a big heart in them Interviewer: mm-hmm 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: oh, it's heart lumber 596: yes heart lumber Interviewer: oh, i follow, i follow what you're saying then that would be pine, the inside of a #1 pine # 596: #2 inside of a pine # {X} big hear in it that won't rot, that'll last but like a a cypress or something like that you know uh, fir wood or something like that but just a heart of a pine inside that's what you use this part of the country all the time Interviewer: i hadn't heard that either 596: sure enough Interviewer: yeah, you're giving me a lot of stuff I hadn't heard before 596: {NW} Interviewer: uh, what do you call uh the little things along the edge of a roof that carry the water you know the water will come down, hit the roof, and then it'll run into what, the little 596: we call them gutters in them days but this is trough what they is Interviewer: oh, well they say troughs now 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: then the water comes down the troughs 596: valley, valley, quick between there two rooms you always come out, water come out between, that's a valley Interviewer: that's the valley 596: yeah that's the valley Interviewer: and it comes down the valley and then to the troughs and the gutter 596: that's right Interviewer: and then what about the part that goes down to the ground 596: well, I don't know Interviewer: would that still be part of the troughs or 596: yes ma'am, where it just pools off at Interviewer: alright uh, what would you call a little building that you use to store wood 596: well we always called it the wood house or we would call it Interviewer: alright, what about a place where you store tools 596: well that's a tool shed, toolhouse Interviewer: okay, is there uh, would a shed be different from a house 596: no, just since you build a little old , little old building closed all around, just some, you have somewhere to go ahead and put the tools in that's all Interviewer: I see, it would, a shed wouldn't necessarily have to be built on to something 596: no, no Interviewer: it could be built out of way 596: that's right yes Interviewer: {D: alright now back in the old days when they had the the days of the water shelf, I know they didn't have any inside plumbing} 596: no Interviewer: so where, what did you call the the place where people went instead of to a bathroom 596: uh, well they called it a called it I-I {X} outdoor Interviewer: yeah, now, I know one man told me over near Jackson, he said lady that's called a tree 596: yeah Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: and I I assumed that originally it was the [X} 596: yes Interviewer: you know, but then they built, started building little things 596: {X} we call them toilets, we call them outdoor toilets yeah Interviewer: alright, did they ever have any joking names they used about it that you can remember 596: no Interviewer: like a johnny house 596: johnny house, that's right, that's right, johnny house that's Interviewer: you remember now 596: old folks call them so many different things you know Interviewer: well they had a lot of names [X} so did you ever hear said, hear them call a chick sail 596: no Interviewer: now I ran across that once, it might've just been a family 596: yeah, mm-hmm Interviewer: okay, um, someone might ask you did you {X} did you, just fill in what you think, did you hear hear 596: ma'am Interviewer: did uh, someone might ask you did you hear that noise, did you what would you say, did you hear, would you say did you hear that 596: I'd say, well sir did you hear that you just say, I say I did, if I did, if i heard it I say I heard it Interviewer: okay, that's fine that's exactly i have a few little expressions like that that are kind of hard to get 596: yes Interviewer: {NW} in a question form alright, you might say here that you lived in a frame 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: how 596: yes ma'am in a frame house, a frame building either way Interviewer: alright, and if you had uh are there any other kinds around here 596: you mean around Interviewer: yeah, what kinds of houses are around here other than frame houses 596: well, there are brick buildings and all like that and yeah frame house box house, we'd call them well i don't know what Interviewer: okay that's fine uh the big building behind the house where you store hay 596: yes that's right that's a barn Interviewer: alright uh is there a special building on a farm where you store corn 596: that's, we call that the crib Interviewer: was it a part of the barn or separate 596: well, would it be best for it to be separate but we all would use it use it there maybe uh use the same thing yeah Interviewer: oh, but you, it would be part of the barn 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: and you're 596: that's right yeah Interviewer: alright was there any kind of special building where you stored grain or would it just be in the barn 596: well, that'd be the same place as a barn yeah Interviewer: alright, the upper part of the barn where you stored hay 596: yeah, we called that up in up in the loft Interviewer: alright was it uh, what did it look like 596: well, it's like your, like your barn built with, like that with a roof like that well you got a get above so where you got a floor in it you see and maybe your hay go up in the upper part of that when you yeah Interviewer: and did it have openings at each end or one end 596: well, each end they have openings or you could close them, the openings, of course you could uh you could find a closing though if the only way you could close it but it would have a opening so you could put your hay in each end of it Interviewer: and were there, was it more than one room or 596: no, not hardly, unless you just wanted some little more a little rooms down at the big barn you could have some more of that room down there where your, by your {X} we call your crib and where you put other stuff in under the same shed you might well see Interviewer: okay, uh if you get too much hay gathered to get in the barn uh how you would you keep it outside 596: well in our old days back then we used to take a, maybe put up a pole way up there if you didn't want to put it around the tree we stack it just pack it around, start packing it packing it packing it pack it way up on the side of that tree and Interviewer: you'd call that a what 596: uh, I know we called it a hay shock, what we call shock of hay Interviewer: okay 596: and it'll stay right there just loaded in one of the barns {X} water, it wouldn't get wet in the b-b-barn because we'd fix it to a water but shed off when the rain on it Interviewer: would you cover it in any way 596: no Interviewer: just seems like to me that they would've, it would've gotten soaking wet 596: no, it wouldn't get wet if your feet can get up the top while you running up the sharp like that and something like that and it kind of, put a what you call, a cap on it it would hay and shed the water off at all times see the cattle begin to eat that {X} slide down the pole, come on down as they eat Interviewer: so this was a place where the cattle could go to eat too 596: yes ma'am without you going out there, throwing it out there to them like that Interviewer: oh Interviewer 1: okay...Um How would you, if you had some cows now, how would you call 'em to come in? 596: #1 Well # Interviewer 1: #2 To...uh be # 596: Well we use to long time ago we would tell a sou cow. Sou cow! I just call ol' cow now by name and the milk cow you know I just call it by name. Come on ya so and so! Whatever the name is. Well if she'd wanna come she'd come. If don't, ah she just won't come. I had to go get her. Interviewer 1: Oh really! {C:laughing} Well back in the old days though, tell me exactly how you'd call them. 596: We'd call 'em sou cows- Interviewer 1: #1 Yeah now but yeah but I know you just didn't just walk out there and say sou cow. How'd ya do it? # 596: #2 No. We would say Soo! # Soo! C'mon so and so! Woo! C'mon y'all! {NW} Interviewer 1: And when you were milking them, to get them to stand still- 596: We them say saw! Interviewer 1: {NW} And suppose you-you wanted her to move her leg back- 596: Back of the leg! Interviewer 1: #1 Really?! I love those calls. I think they're beautiful. # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer 1: How would you call the horse 596: Let me see now, a horse We w-whistled here ain't it- Interviewer 1: How would you whistle? 596: {NW} Over here! {NW} Interviewer 1: How do you call your mule? 596: Well that's a mule, I don't have a- Interviewer 1: #1 You got 'em there where you want him {C:laughing} # 596: #2 No. You don't have to call that mule # Uh-uh #1 Mule be calling me if anything. # Auxiliary: #2 {X} # Interviewer 1: #1 {NW} # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer 1: Uh let's see. How would you call 596: hogs? Yeah there were hogs and we use to- When there's like hogs and they use to be out, we just hollered Woo! Piggy, Piggy, Piggy. Something like that ya know. Ole hog, he gonna come if he thought he heard ya. Interviewer 1: {NW} In fact, the you-the ones you have now probably come- 596: Nuh-uh. That's right. Interviewer 1: Well if you-is there a way in which you could call and get the little ones instead of the big ones? 596: Yes. Well I well all of is when you call one out, all of them is coming. Interviewer 1: They all come. So you just-then you take what you want. 596: That's right. Interviewer 1: Okay #1 Uh how- # 596: #2 Cause all the piggies, they all of them piggy. # Interviewer 1: How would you call um chickens to be fed? 596: I would just Chick! Chick! Chick! Chick! Chick! Something like that, ya know. There arent'-I was just wondering if any of them are going to show up #1 {D:I hope they aren't looking for me.} I don't have to call them. I have nothing. They already there. Already. # Interviewer 1: #2 They come anyway. # 596: You have seen the- They just looking for that feed Interviewer 1: Did they grow any sheep around here? No. No. Nobody no growing sheep around here #1 You wouldn't have any cause for sheep that you'd know of? # 596: #2 No No # If folks use it though they call them coo sheepy. Coo sheepy! That's what they call them. Interviewer 1: Oh would they? 596: Yeah. Coo sheepy. Yeah But I never did-we never did had no sheep Interviewer 1: Alright um what do you put on-Well let's see I-I didn't quite finish this. To hold a baby's diaper on, you use a what? 596: Safety pin Interviewer 1: Alright. And if a nickel is worth five cents, a dime is worth what? 596: Uh ten cents Interviewer 1: What do you put on when you go out in the winter time? 596: #1 Uh {D:ya mean}- # Interviewer 1: #2 Over your clothes # 596: Oh ya mean a overcoat? Interviewer 1: Alright Uh There's also a three piece suit that a man will have. And the top will be the coat- 596: yeah Interviewer 1: then the bottom part will be the 596: Pants Interviewer 1: Alright and what about right under it 596: Vest? Interviewer 1: #1 Yeah. Vest # 596: #2 Yeah. Yeah. A vest # Interviewer 1: Um A vest isn't the same as um a jacket. 596: No. No, but a coat is just, of course a jacket is around Well it's about the same thing as a jacket is. It's about the same thing as a coat Interviewer 1: About the same thing 596: Use to call them different names ya know Coat ya know it's made. You know how a coat made. Ya put on a jacket and maybe it zip up or something like that Interviewer 1: Oh really? Well I see. What about something you would wear to work in the barn? 596: Well, overalls you'd call 'em like that-that over your other clothes Cause we have fashion and we just take 'em and use 'em and just sometimes when you out there on the farm, just use 'em as clothes ya know, clothes or whatever, course the overalls though Interviewer 1: Now did they have sleeves in them? Oh them coveralls you talking bout Yeah now that's coveralls. Overalls just had what? 596: ya know I mean, it just um galluses on made it all onto the pants {C: pronunciation} Interviewer 1: Alright those things that you just mentioned ya know that men used instead of a belt 596: yes Interviewer 1: What was it? If you don' have a belt to hold your pants up, you use-you use to wear what? 596: Well- Interviewer 2: They come up over your shoulders 596: Galluses! {C: pronunciation} Interviewer 2: Okay 596: Yeah. Galluses. {C: pronunciation} Interviewer 2: Now they were built into overalls? 596: Yes ma'am They built in overalls Or now you weren't aware You have galluses, to hold your pants up! {C: pronunciation} You wants to just Without any {NW} Interviewer 2: Right. They-They're same sort of thing but 596: That's right. Interviewer 1: Um {C:Vehicle passing} If a man were about to get married {C:Vehicle passing} and his mother say looked at his clothes and she'd say Oh this suits you have just look awful {NS} you better go downtown and get yourself um a what? 596: A new suit! Interviewer 1: All right! If you stuff a lot of things in the pockets of you're coat so that they're kind off stick out and all lumpy, you say those pockets sure do what? 596: Baggy, you say those all full Interviewer 1: they bul- 596: they're bulky Interviewer 1: or bulge out 596: yeah, that's right bulge out ya say What's in your pockets got 'em all bulge out like that? Interviewer 1: Do you ever hear them also use the term pouch out? 596: Yes ma'am, that's right Interviewer 1: How would you use that? 596: What I would-I know I'd just say I cause they pouch out or uh or uh bagged out or something anyway I'd call it something like that Interviewer 1: Okay 596: All I know is it didn't look right ya know {NW} Interviewer 1: Um I tried on a coat and it won't fit this year but last year it me just fine it- 596: yeah it fitted last year Interviewer 1: but it sure doesn't this year Alright um Talking about washing something, if you wash it in too hot of water, it's liable to do what? 596: {Draw up Interviewer 1: Alright and if something, another word that people use sometime about instead of draw up, they might say its likely to 596: shrink up or something like that Interviewer 1: Okay and you might say I washed it-I washed my shirt in too hot of w- using the word shrink, 596: Yeah Interviewer 1: I washed my shirt in too hot of water and it did what? 596: And it shrunk up Interviewer 1: Okay And every time I've done that it has 596: Every time I do it, it shrink. Interviewer 1: Alright. If you're talking about a girl who likes to stand in front of the mirror and fix her face and her hair you say Ah she sure likes to to what? 596: Primp! {NW} Interviewer 1: Right? Would you ever say a man likes to primp? 596: Well, some of them, the like to primp too sometimes {NW} Auxiliary: {X} 596: {NW} Interviewer 1: If you talk about um a woman who likes to put on clothes, now when you say primp uh you really think about her face and her hair, 596: Yeah That's right Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: Okay You say she likes to put on her good clothes and go downtown, she sure likes to what? Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. 596: Dress #1 yeah yeah # Interviewer 1: #2 Okay # What do you carry coins in? Say uh, now I know men just let them go down in their pockets, but a woman might have something- 596: A purse! Interviewer 1: #1 Alright that's what she puts her coins in # 596: #2 Yeah. That's right. Mm-hmm # Interviewer 1: What might a woman wear around her wrist? Um Watch! Or something else. 596: A bracelet! Interviewer 1: Alright. Suppose there are a lot of a little things all strung up together around a woman's neck, you say 596: B-Beads? Interviewer 1: Uh-huh. Would- 596: Necklace? Interviewer 1: Yeah that's right. If thinking about beads, you say she has on a what of beads? 596: Uh Um beads Interviewer 1: Would you say a string of beads? Or a string- 596: A string of-Yes that's right! Interviewer 1: Or have you ever heard of 'em say a strand of beads? 596: Yes that's right. Yeah Interviewer 1: Which would you say more likely? 596: Well, I say string of beads. I don't {D:strand of beads} Interviewer 1: Alright. Thank ya. What do you hold over you when it rains? 596: Parasol. Umbrella. What do you call it? Interviewer 1: Uh Is a parasol used when it rains too? 596: #1 Yes ma'am. # Interviewer 1: #2 {D: Mean there the same thing.} # 596: Same thing. Interviewer 1: When you go to sleep at night, at the head of the bed, you put your head on a? 596: On a pillow Interviewer 1: And there used to be a kind of a big long pillow 596: Bolster Interviewer 1: What were they? They- Well that's just a-a bolster is just go across the bed long enough for two people to put their head on. 596: But a pillow, that's divided. Interviewer 1: #1 I see. How long was a bolster? # 596: #2 Pillow! # Well, it go across the whole head of the bed. Yeah. That's for two people. Yeah Interviewer 1: Alright. And what is the last thing, when your making up a bed, what's the last thing you put on a bed? to make it look pretty 596: The bread spread now we use. We call it bread spread! Interviewer 1: #1 Okay # 596: #2 Yeah. # Spread! Interviewer 1: And something that you'd put on a bed to keep yourself warm at night 596: Well I have quilts, a blanket- Interviewer 1: Alright now a quilt is the kind that's made out of little pieces 596: Yeah its made out of pieces, sow it up and something like that A quilt is by fingers, by hand something like that Interviewer 1: Was there something heavier than a quilt? 596: Well- Interviewer 1: Might not of been-might not have been pieced 596: Well I um a blanket, a comforter or something like that Interviewer 1: Okay a comforter. 596: yeah Interviewer 1: What was it like? 596: A comforter that's something-a comforter ain't anything but a boughten made quilt which you buy Interviewer 2: Ma'am-I mean Sir, it was-it was the same thing as a {D: bought quilt?}- 596: Yeah it was a quilt It just-it may call it a comforter But it ain't fixed as good as a quilt to be fixed or it just ain't Interviewer 1: Would it be heavy as well? 596: Well about the same, but the {X} you better not- comforter you better not wash one or it'll fade over everything, or maybe you hot night you happen to I wanna get rid of this sweat. Well {X} down everything comforter is, they just ain't Interviewer 1: Were they sof-were they pieced like a quilt? 596: Yes it's kind of like a quilt yeah pieced like not too much pieced {X} or so then like a quilt. It wouldn't be pieced up like a quilt Interviewer 1: Oh okay. Do you ever sleep on a bed on the floor? 596: Yes ma'am Interviewer 1: What was that? 596: Pallet. Interviewer 1: Alright {C:laughing} Now we are going to talk for a minute about types of land on a farm. You might say we expect a big crop from that land because its ver- the soil is very 596: they very rich Interviewer 1: or very fertile 596: yeah. Fertile! Interviewer 1: Alright. What are some of the types of land. Now your talking about you know you'll have, for example, you'll have a kind of land that you refer to because it's down low along a creek. 596: That's a bottom land. Interviewer 1: Now that's the kind of- what I'm talking about. What other types would you refer to? 596: Well ya see that's bottom land or valley land, land in the valley or something like that we call it It's not no hill that we-It's not no hill land we call it. We call it that the bottom land Interviewer 1: Right, now hill land would be 596: On the hill, left top land heavy I mean hill side land you might say on top not no bottom to it so much Interviewer 1: Um what about land where water stands all the time? 596: Well, that's m- mucky we call it mucky land, (X) something like that. Interviewer 1: Do you ever hear it swamp? 596: Swamp land Interviewer 1: swamp land? 596: swamp land. Interviewer 1: Do you ever hear of-would marshy land be the same? 596: Yeah to me that's the same thing but it then you could if you gonna cultivate that land it would have to be drained some kind of way, to get that water drained out- Interviewer 1: How would you do that? 596: Well they got some way that I'll drain land and swamp land and Ditches! Canals cut for it to drain out in ya know Interviewer 1: Mm 596: so they use that land now as well as any other land Interviewer 1: Uh would a swamp have uh trees in it? Could it have trees? 596: Yeah ma'am that's right Trees grow in the swamp in the world so it's not only here, its anywhere That's right Interviewer 1: What about grassy land? Low lying grassy land? 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: Would you call that anything? 596: Yes that's alright low land low land grass land Interviewer 1: Do you ever call that meadow around here? 596: Yeah meadow that's a meadow, that's the pasture land ya know meadow right it's just pasture thats what that is Interviewer 1: That means it's good grassy land? Good grazing! It's for cattle to graze in. Would it necessarily be low land or it- 596: Well yes, mostly it would be lower land Interviewer 1: #1 Okay # 596: #2 That's right # Interviewer 1: Uh you mentioned-oh, for another thing about soil, what would you call very rich black soil? {C: vehicle passing} Is there a name for it? {C: vehicle passing} 596: Well I don't know when you just said that's a very rich land or very fertile land or something like that Interviewer 1: What's lawn? 596: Lawn? Well Most any kind of land Interviewer 1: What I mean is it rich or is it poor? 596: Well that's something you got poor lawn and you got rich lawn Interviewer 1: Oh! 596: That's right. That's right Interviewer 1: {D: Oh you want huh} {C: laughing} 596: Yeah. That's right. Interviewer 1: Alright {C: laughing} Um, you mentioned a minute ago that they would dig ditches to drain a swamp. 596: Yeah Interviewer 1: And then I noticed that earlier, you used a term that I wanted to ask about. You said you were on a swinging, you swing out over a gully. 596: Yeah Interviewer 1: Now is a gully bigger than a ditch? 596: Well it is about the same Interviewer 1: Alright would a man dig a gully? 596: Well it- Interviewer 1: O-Or if you- 596: W-What I was talking about where we swam it's already dug it just come Interviewer 1: Now that's where the water washed- 596: Yeah. That's right. Interviewer 1: That's where the water washed a soil away 596: That's right, that's right. Interviewer 1: Okay um what are some names of streams that you have in the neighborhood? So you know flowing water that you have around here, what's the smallest one around here? 596: Uh we call it little ol' branch or something like that we call it the ol' small branch. Uh creek! We call some creek, we call 'em rivers, creeks- Interviewer 1: Okay now branch would be smaller than a creek right? 596: Yes ma'am. That's right. Yeah Interviewer 1: Um what about when I say stream, does that mean anything particular size? 596: Well {X} large streams and the small streams. That's right. Interviewer 1: Uh what are names of some of the, does the branches around here have names? 596: No No Interviewer 1: Do the creeks? 596: Yes some of the creeks do. We call-one creek we call {D: Bogue Chitto} creek And then one back there where I use to live was a creek we called Goober creek {D: Magese creek} Cotton creek and all like that and different names Interviewer 1: These were where back when? 596: Yes when I was a boy Interviewer 1: When you were a boy 596: Yeah, back then. Interviewer 1: All right And um what are the rivers around here? 596: Well these rivers are {D: Bogue Chitto river} and we call it {D: Bogchitta river} and um Mid river Homachitto river That's right Interviewer 1: {D: That name chitta-} 596: Yeah Interviewer 1: Keep showing up. I wonder what it meant originally. 596: Well um {D: Bogue Chitto, that's-that's little ol' town out here about} Ten miles from Brookhaven {D: Bogue Chitto} They tell me that's from uh Irishman {D: I don't know where the chitta part come in at but Irishmen} When he said bug he means a bug. Interviewer 1: Oh! Really!? 596: Yeah. yeah He means a bug. Now when he told his town a bug a loose, that's where its name after. Interviewer 1: Really?! 596: Some said he caught a big ol' turtle once and put 'em into some place and he got loose and gone and then they went there to look for him and he was gone and he once said the bug's a loose! Interviewer 1: {NW} 596: The bug's a loose! So they named that town {D: Bogalusa} Interviewer 1: That's in Louisiana right? 596: That's right. yeah. Said the bug's a loose. Interviewer 1: That's terrific! {NW} Auxiliary: {X} 596: {X} Bug's a loose. Interviewer 1: That's a pretty big bug. 596: That's right Interviewer 1: Does the turtle uh live near the water? 596: Yes. Well some of 'em yeah he'll sit right around the water little ol' water turtles he gonna sit around the water Interviewer 1: Is there a kind that lives on the land? 596: Yes ma'am Interviewer 1: Would you call it a turtle? 596: No. We call 'em terrapins. The main ones live on the land, we call them terrapins Interviewer 1: They look different is the shell- 596: Well, they look different They a round back it is. round back- Interviewer 1: The terrapin has- 596: Yes An ol' turtle he's more flat Interviewer 1: Oh the terrapins kind of stick up on top 596: Yes ma'am. That's right. Interviewer 1: Okay. Um To open a door, you turn a door 596: Yeah knob #1 something like that # Interviewer 1: #2 alright # Do you ever hear knob used to refer to a rise in the land? around here? 596: No {X} I don't reckon I do. I don't reckon #1 {X} # Interviewer 1: #2 Alright # Uh something bigger than a hill 596: Mm-hmm mountain or something like that Interviewer 1: alright. Is there anything a little bit bigger than a hill that doesn't get up to a mountain? 596: Well I don't know. Let's see I don't know Well now I was raised in the hills, #1 in the hilly country, I was raised # Interviewer 1: #2 Yes. I was wondering if you were raised # in a hilly country what- 596: And uh well we have big hills and small hills Interviewer 1: They never called them anything like a mound or a dome or- 596: Yeah an ol' mound, right a mound we call anything kind of elevated up maybe we call that a mound, maybe it don't have to be as big as a hill we'd call it we'd call that a mound yeah a mound yeah Interviewer 1: um its not as big as a hill? No ma'am These fire ants in here, when you see all this fire ants you'll know its fire ants cause you see a mound You see a little mound about so high, well that's them fire ants is in there. #1 Ah I see # 596: #2 That's right # Interviewer 1: Uh since you live in the hilly country, um your talking about if your driving along a mountain, and there's a steep rocky thing that goes down to the side, there what? 596: Well I don't know What do you call that? Interviewer 1: Over here we call it a cliff 596: Cliff, yeah, a cliff, that's right Interviewer 1: Okay you had more than one of those you'd say those are 596: yes ma'am Interviewer 1: those are steep rocky 596: rocky cliffs yeah more and more, that's right Interviewer 1: If you um, a place where a boat stops and unloads freight, 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: that's a 596: Well, Let me see when a boat pulls up to the what did they call that where a boat pulls up there to unload The docks I believe it was. I believed they call that there I mean a dock where they unload, and I think what they call 'em Interviewer 1: Okay. Fine. Um When a man's eaten a big dinner, he might say Oh I'm so full I'm gonna have to let belt out of 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: of what? Talking about that hole in the belt. 596: yeah Interviewer 1: Gonna have to let my belt out of 596: {D: Uh yeah buresis something like that I don't know what} Interviewer 1: You ever hear notch? 596: Nah Interviewer 1: Let my belt out a notch or two Yes ma'am 596: That's right. Mm-hmm That's right some times I eat and I have my belt on and I have to Let my belt out maybe a couple of notches or something like that Interviewer 1: Did you ever hear the place between two mountains called a notch? 596: Yes ma'am. It's called a notch. Interviewer 1: That's-that's what now? Where two mountains come- 596: Two mountains I guess come together, I guess you know come nearly together Interviewer 1: Is it the same as a gap or a pass? 596: I reckon so I just don't know Interviewer 1: What would you call a place where a lot of water falls a long distance? Ya know you're going along on a river and all of sudden it drops off and the water goes falling down 596: Uh Niagara falls? Interviewer 1: Alright And would you call that a falls or a waterfall or- 596: It doesn't matter we call that waterfalls Interviewer 1: alright Uh thinking about what roads are made out of, what would you say this road out here was made of? 596: Well that at first was a put gravel there and next time you take uh fine gravel and um tar and um spread it on that, spread the gravel on that, and then you put the then you put that tar on it call that the black-call it the black top Uh something like that Interviewer 1: Okay uh what about a road uh what's that quite hard road that you have over there like say on highway fifty-one or fifty-five. What's that stuff you'd call? 596: Well that's uh well that-that's cement and I would call {X} made out of cement Interviewer 1: Um how would you refer to this road out here? Now would you call it neighborhood road, or a country road or a highway or- 596: That's just a neighborhood road, thats a neighborhood road going through here, its a local neighborhood road Interviewer 1: Yeah that's what I was trying 596: Yes ma'am Interviewer 1: trying to get Um On a farm, Suppose you came down the public road to a farm, ya know, and you saw the road that turns off going back to the farmhouse, you'd call that the what? 596: Well I would call it them country road, turnoff road Interviewer 1: Alright, like up here at mrs Navel's 596: yeah Interviewer 1: ya know what's that thing that turns off and goes back to her house 596: Well, I-I call it just a road I call it Interviewer 1: Would you ever call it a driveway or lane 596: yes ma'am. That's right! Driveway, it's just a driveway A driveway, I mean just a, that's right, call it a driveway. Interviewer 1: You ever use the term lane? 596: Yes ma'am. Lane Interviewer 1: Now what would a lane be? 596: A lane would be between two fences Interviewer 1: Yeah I'm discovering this is what people think of when you say lane 596: Lane well that's Interviewer 1: a fence on each side 596: between them buildings or something like that between them buildings on each side maybe that has a building on each side and you go up the lane-up that lane #1 Something like that # Interviewer 1: #2 If your on a # Farm, going from the house out to the barn, would that be a lane? 596: Well if you got two fences there it's a lane Interviewer 2: If you got two fences laughing 596: It's a lane It's something you're gonna walk on, you'd call it a well it's just a walkway, a little walk on Interviewer 1: or a path? 596: yes ma'am Interviewer 1: You wouldn't drive on a path? 596: No ma'am. No not a path. That's right. Its just a little small path, its a walking path. Interviewer 1: Alright if I say a path though you don't think about having fences around? 596: No ma'am. No ma'am. You don't think about driving. If you drive on it, it's a road. Interviewer 1: {NW} 596: Yeah Interviewer 1: Right Can you drive on a lane? 596: Yes ma'am If it's a lane, if its a road Interviewer 1: Fences are the thing 596: That's right. If it's a lane-if a road up through there you can drive. If it's a road up through there. Interviewer 1: Good. I just want to make sure I understand #1 what's going on. # 596: #2 That's right # Interviewer 1: I never thought about that before- 596: Yes ma'am Interviewer 1: #1 That's interesting. # 596: #2 That's right. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer 1: Um. When you go into town the part of the street you walk on, ya know you walk along the what? 596: Pave Pavements Interviewer 1: #1 Alright. That's the part by the stores that you walk on. # 596: #2 Yes ma'am. That's right. # Interviewer 1: If you're walking along a road a dog jumps out at you and scares you, what would you do? 596: Well I don't know what some people do. I'd get a club, and if I had one, and knock 'em out but I don't know what some people-some people be running and holler Interviewer 1: Yeah well I might run and holler Something I'm looking for here now, if you pick up a rock, what do you do with the dog? 596: Well you threw it at 'em Interviewer 1: alright I still want you to say something else. 596: Yeah Interviewer 1: Ever hear of chuck? 596: Yeah sure I'd chuck it at 'em- I'd chuck Interviewer 1: Would you ever say that? 596: Yes ma'am Interviewer 1: Alright how would you say that now? You'd say you did what to the dog? 596: #1 Well I'd- # Interviewer 1: #2 using chuck # 596: Well see dog run at me and I picked up a big rock and I chucked it at it Interviewer 1: Okay. {C: vehicle passing} That's what I'm trying to get the way. That's an interesting word now- {C: vehicle passing} 596: That's right Interviewer 1: #1 I wanted to know the way it was used in a sentence. {C: vehicle passing} # 596: #2 yeah. yeah # Interviewer 1: That's interesting I've never heard of- 596: That's right. That's right Interviewer 1: much Alright uh if you go to somebody's house to see 'em about something, you knock on the door, and they don't come you say Oh well I guess he's not 596: Mm-hmm. Yeah I guess he not here. Ain't nobody-nobody at home. I knocked on the door and nobody didn't say anything. I guess Interviewer 1: #1 Alright # 596: #2 Nobody here # Interviewer 1: Somebody might say to you, well you ought to try again cause I know he's 596: Yeah he's bound to be there because I-I seen him ah Interviewer 1: Somebody, talking about in relation to the house, you'd say he's what the house? He's 596: Yeah Interviewer 1: He-If he's inside the house 596: Oh yeah he, I might be saying, he's in the back room or #1 something like that. Mm-hmm yeah. # Interviewer 1: #2 Yeah that's what I was thinking about # Talking about putting milk in coffee, uh people usually either like it with milk or 596: without. Yeah Interviewer 1: Alright do you ever hear any terms for black coffee? Do you ever talk about drinking a coffee? Yeah {X} 596: Black coffee. Some folks just want the just black coffee #1 Not-Not # Interviewer 1: #2 Do you ever hear- # hear somebody call that something though? uh slang term for black coffee? on how you drink black coffee? 596: I hear so many things about black coffee We call it Louisiana coffee maybe, so black that we- we just say people you want your coffee like people do in Louisiana Interviewer 1: Is that what you say? 596: Yeah. That's right. Interviewer 1: Uh I'm wondering if you ever use the term drinking coffee, we're talking about black coffee, you ever use the term drinking your coffee barefoot? 596: Well yes. That's right. That means nothing in it just-just just coffee just like just like it come out the pot Interviewer 1: Now how you say that? How would you use that then? You drink your coffee how? 596: I want my coffee to stay naked you see Interviewer 1: Oh naked!? 596: Yeah I want my coffee naked Interviewer 1: #1 I like that {C:laughing} # 596: #2 I don't want a thing # I don't want a thing in it {NW} Interviewer 1: Oh I like that! {C:laughing} If someone is not going away from you, you say he's coming 596: towards you Interviewer 1: Alright if you go into town and you see someone that you haven't seen in a very long time, 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: you might come home and say to your wife, well guess who I ran Yeah. Guess who I seen? I bet you can guess- you can guess all day and you won't guess it. {NW} She began to say I saw so and so and so and so, and I say no no I just have to- I just have to tell you who it was Okay. There's another kind of-of expression that I use all the time. Guess who I ran 596: Mm-hmm ran into or something like that Interviewer 1: Yeah but my husband lies cause he thinks he says you know in your car, did you run into 'em with your car {NW} That's one of those expressions that you know you use #1 all the time and you never think about it # 596: #2 That's right. That's right. Mm-hmm # Interviewer 1: The kind of animal that barks is a 596: dog, he's one of 'em wolf fox Interviewer 1: Okay I'm thinking about a dog. I wanted to talk to you about a dog for a while If you watch a dog, do you have a dog? 596: Yes ma'am. Interviewer 1: Did I see him tonight? 596: Normally hes- Interviewer 1: I don't think I saw him 596: He all time going somewhere Interviewer 1: Usually they come out and greet me Sniff me over 596: Yeah Interviewer 1: Um if you wanted your dog to attack another dog, what would you say to him? 596: {NW} You say catch 'em! {NW} Catch 'em! Catch 'em! {NW} Catch 'em! {NW} Interviewer 1: What would be a dog that you might have, that's no special breed? 596: Mm Interviewer 1: How might you, what would you call him? He's no real breed he's just an old 596: No just an ol' just and ol' curry dog Interviewer 1: curry dog? 596: Yeah. And that way he just an old curry dog Interviewer 1: Suppose he's just a worthless old dog? 596: Well that's- that's a curry dog? #1 Yeah. That's a {D: curry dog} # Interviewer 1: #2 Do you ever hear anything # called a potlicker hound? 596: Yep. Potlicker hound. He's not just a hound It's-It's um it's a potlicker hound. He's that breed Interviewer 1: Yeah now this is something-I heard the term first and I thought it meant a curry dog but apparently it's different 596: Yes ma'am Interviewer 1: It's a breed 596: That's right Interviewer 1: What does a potlicker hound look like? 596: Well he's just a um big ol' hound ya know he just- Interviewer 1: Is he a certain color or No. He don't have to be no certain color but he just a-a certain-he just is that type of hound built like it- I mean he just around that's his breed, that's his make up, called a potlicker. Then you know some of 'em called a walker hound. A walker hound? 596: walker hound. Interviewer 1: What does a walker hound-what's the difference say if you looked at two dogs, 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: how would you know the difference? 596: Well you would-well some folks just-just naturally know the difference in the two dogs Interviewer 1: I'm I'm trying to find out you said there's no color difference 596: no ain't no color difference but it- Interviewer 1: Is it in the way he's built 596: yeah. The way he's built and they just know how he's made, what-what he look like. A walker hound and uh-and uh and uh what other kind of hound we just mentioned? Interviewer 1: potlicker hound- 596: potlicker hound. Yeah. Well they just different ya know and then some folks just know them, know the difference in 'em Interviewer 1: Now they're not necessarily worthless dogs though 596: #1 No. They good, they hunting dogs. # Auxiliary: #2 It's a hunting dog. # 596: yeah #1 They hunting dogs # Interviewer 1: #2 I see # Any other kind of good hunting dogs? 596: Well yes there some good hunting dogs See you take some of them and you mix you know Uh We use to have a called some hounds-called them blue tick Interviewer 1: blue tick? blue tick hounds-blue tick well he just is a blue dog ya know sure enough he got blue spots all on 'em, but he's a- he make a good hunting dog #1 Now the-are # 596: #2 Bluetick. # Interviewer 1: Are these dogs good for hunting anything or are they specialize- 596: Well some of 'em-some of 'em good for deer ya know or maybe Interviewer 1: #1 What would a potlicker hound be good to hunt for? # 596: #2 Coon or fox or something # Potlicker hound Well he's good for most anything, {X} coons, anything like that Interviewer 1: What about walker hounds? 596: Well he-he's uh-he's uh good for coons, but he ain't fast. Interviewer 1: Oh he's not? 596: No He not fast- Interviewer 1: A potlicker hounds fast? 596: Yeah he more faster, but a walker hound, he's more more do his trail in the walking long, boy I could walk 'em long {NW} Interviewer 1: Do you do any hunting? 596: Well I use to when I was able. Can't get around fast like I use to, but I love to hunt. Interviewer 1: Do you? 596: Yes I love to hunt Interviewer 1: What do you love to hunt for? 596: Well what we have here so it's just um maybe rabbits and squirrels and {X} what we have here in this country Interviewer 1: Did you um ever hunt the deer around here? Is-is this deer country? 596: Well a few deer here now was brought in here, a few deers here, but they-it's not plentiful {X} I saw one come cross out there walking-I mean going out across there but nah it's not- it ain't real plentiful like that in some country ya know Interviewer 1: I see What about uh are there any big animals around here you know like, 596: No ain't no nothing Interviewer 1: like bobcats or anything 596: Well I did some bobcats yeah Interviewer 1: I think of them as being big 596: Yeah there is bobcats But ain't no bear Nothing like that. No leopard uh mountain lion nothing like that. We don't think there is, we don't know there is Interviewer 1: But there not anything of a problem or anything- 596: No no that's right Interviewer 1: #1 Alright um # 596: #2 Maybe # Interviewer 1: Oh about dogs, before we go on, what is a small noisy yapping dog 596: Well I call them {X} I call them Interviewer 1: Uh-huh Is that a breed of dog? 596: Yes- Interviewer 1: Or is that any little noisy dog? 596: {D: No some of 'em call little ol' rat terrors} Interviewer 1: Now that's a breed isn't it? 596: Yes. Yes miss that's right, but any little bitty ol' dog is just little ol' fuss making dog I call them Interviewer 1: Okay Uh if a dog liked to bite, ya know you might have to keep him up when people came around and you would say to somebody watch out you might get 596: You might get dog bit Interviewer 1: Alright 596: Some of 'em will still {X} like that Interviewer 1: Um You'd say that dog will anybody 596: That dog will bite you Interviewer 1: And yesterday he #1 somebody # 596: #2 Yeah # Interviewer 1: yesterday- 596: yeah yesterday he would've bit so and so somebody but I happen to be standing there to watch him or something #1 like that # Interviewer 1: #2 Okay # and he had- all in all he has about thirty people he has 596: he has bit Interviewer 1: about 30 people I-I'm checking it out because I like that dog bit #1 expression # 596: #2 yeah # #1 that's right # Interviewer 1: #2 that's uh # That's what happens to ya. 596: #1 That's right. Yeah # Interviewer 1: #2 You get dog bit right? # 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: Uh. In a herd of cattle what do you call the male? 596: Bull Interviewer 1: Do you remember back in- maybe back in the old days when a man would be very careful about saying that in front of a lady? 596: Yes ma'am. That's right. I remember that Interviewer 1: What would he say to avoid saying the word bull? 596: He just say a male Interviewer 1: A male? 596: yeah Interviewer 1: Would a women be also careful about saying the word bull. 596: Then they would but now they'd say about most anything to one another. {NW} Interviewer 1: Let me ask a little bit more about that because I think this is kind of important Um The way you know it changes over the years Now say you and your wife were discussing your male, would you use the word bull to your wife back in the old days? 596: Well maybe since we've married we would Interviewer 1: since you were married? 596: Yeah but before hand probably I wouldn't have used that word in the presence of her like that Interviewer 1: But after you were married it was you would you would feel a little freer about it 596: Yes ma'am Interviewer 1: #1 Alright # 596: #2 That's right # Interviewer 1: Uh and the uh Let's see. Where was it? {NW} If you're driving um a wagon or something with two mules, you'd say you had a what of mules? 596: I didn't understand- Interviewer 1: I didn't get do that very well 596: No Interviewer 1: If you were, uh say you were plowing 596: Yeah Interviewer 1: #1 with two mules or two oxen # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. That's right # Interviewer 1: You'd say you had a what of- 596: Double team! Interviewer 1: Okay That's two of 'em? 596: Yeah two. That's double I-I was plowing double, uh I had a double teams of wagon ya might say uh double team I-I know you got two instead of uh one Interviewer 1: Right. Now would you use that- did you ever have any experience with oxen? 596: No Interviewer 1: #1 No yours were with horses or mules right? # 596: #2 Yes that's right. # Interviewer 1: Okay I wondered if you'd use the same expression with oxen and I guess you probably would 596: Well I would yes ma'am You say yolk of oxen if you got two, you'd say you got a yolk of oxen Interviewer 1: Oh that's right. 596: Yeah. Course you say you got a yolk. Well if you got maybe four oxen, you got two yolks of oxen Interviewer 1: Two yolks of oxen? 596: If you got six oxen you got three yolks. Interviewer 1: Oh so you measure 'em by yolks? 596: That's right. That's right Interviewer 1: And if you have-let's see, would you ever do anything with four horses or four mules? 596: Well we got four horses you can call 'em a four up team Interviewer 1: A four up team! 596: Yeah we call it a four up team Course now one is just a pair of horses, a pair of mules is just a pair of 'em, but if you got four, you call that a four up team Interviewer 1: Now's a pair the same as a team? 596: Yes ma'am. A pair you just got a- No a pair just a pair But when you got four, you say you got a team Interviewer 1: Okay now four is a team? 596: Yeah. Four up team you call it Interviewer 1: Okay and uh, if you were pulling a wagon with two, 596: Yes ma'am Interviewer 1: that'd be pair? 596: Pair Interviewer 1: Alright would you ever, when you had six, would you've anyway of naming 596: Well, that'd be hard of you to see six animals six uh-uh Interviewer 1: Yeah that'd be kind of 596: mules pulling the wagon but you will see four and you'll see so many yolks of oxen you can see much as five yolks of oxen you might well see #1 you got ten of 'em pulling- # Interviewer 1: #2 I'm so glad you said that # I hadn't heard that before either 596: That's right Interviewer 1: Now the uh you can use the team-the pair and the team to talk about #1 horses and mules # 596: #2 Yes yes # Well sometimes these mules are uh the third uh horse, a mule, pulling a wagon Interviewer 1: Then that would be a what? Well you-you could call that a three- you could say that's a three up team you could say three up team So your using three on a wagon, 596: Well Interviewer 1: How, what happens to the doubletree singletree arrangement 596: Well now when you got three and when you have one in the lead where you done you got two that's side to side a tongue on each side- one on each side of the tongue I mean #1 One on each side # Interviewer 1: #2 One on each side of the tongue # 596: and one right in the lead, put there right in the lead Interviewer 1: At the front of the tongue 596: front of the tongue Interviewer 1: Oh and what's he hitched to then? 596: Well he's hitched to, got a singletree hitched to in the end of that wagon tongue Interviewer 1: #1 Oh out at the front of the wagon tongue # 596: #2 Yes ma'am. That's right # Interviewer 1: Oh none of this I've heard before 596: #1 No well that's right # Interviewer 1: #2 I'm so glad you're telling me that # Um when you're plowing, you just reminded me of something else, when you're plowing now, is there a name you have for the horse that walks in the {D: furrow}, you refer to him as the 596: #1 What # Interviewer 1: #2 Something horse # 596: Well no I don't know it might be Interviewer 1: Ever hear of the off horse 596: Yes. But oh that's right the off horse that's right of course some people you have to know what you talking about {D: The corn roll horse which-which side you call the off horse on} Interviewer 1: Yeah that's what I'm trying to find out. How do you know which one is the off horse? 596: Well that off horse he's {X} yeah I don't know what you'd call him I figured the outside horse called off horse Interviewer 1: Okay let me ask you about something that some one told me once He said that in the way he grew up it 596: Yeah Interviewer 1: That if you were plowing with two horses, 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: you had to walk behind one or the other, 596: That's right Interviewer 1: you couldn't very well walk in the middle 596: Nah Interviewer 1: so he said the horse that you were not walking behind was the off horse 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: If exactly you were walking behind the one on the right the left horse would be the off horse But if you were walking behind the one on the left, the off horse would be the one on the right 596: Probably so Interviewer 1: What do ya think? Do you think that fits #1 what you've done? # 596: #2 Well it could fit alright # But now when a mule plowing with uh {X} two horse plow or plowing you just immerse behind one of them horses cause you gotta hold the handles to plow Interviewer 1: That's true You are kind of behind 596: You just as immersed behind one as is the other. That's all Now, I have had three animals pulling side by side ya know or maybe say on a disc disc is number three side to side Well you got to have a long durable tree cross there with three single trees on it Right now as you walk along behind and if you were walking, while you was behind the middle horse you might as well say call these the three of them together Interviewer 1: Yeah so you wouldn't use-think about an off horse #1 in that # 596: #2 No no # Interviewer 1: #1 that way # 596: #2 That's right # Interviewer 1: I see Um thinking about cows, a little cow when it's first born 596: call that a calf Interviewer 1: Then when it gets a little bigger you call the female a what? 596: yearling Interviewer 1: Alright you ever call it a heifer? 596: heifer yeah Interviewer 1: Is that any different from a- a yearling could be either a boy or a girl? 596: Yes ma'am either one, a yearling, could be either one Interviewer 1: Alright now- 596: But if-But if its a little um female it'd be a heifer Interviewer 1: If it's a little male 596: We say its a little bull, a little male and we say it that way Interviewer 1: Alright if you have a cow that's expecting a calf she's going to what? 596: Uh {X} {D: Pression} Interviewer 1: {D: Pression?} 596: yeah Interviewer 1: Alright. Um school bus? {C: bus passing} Oh they get out this week in the middle of the day I forgot that {C: bus passing} 596: Yes ma'am. That's right. Interviewer 1: Uh what did they call the male horse? 596: Stud horse Interviewer 1: Would they have said that in front of a woman? 596: No Interviewer 1: What would you have said? 596: We just say a male horse Interviewer 1: a male horse? 596: That's right Interviewer 1: Um A female horse is called a 596: Mare Interviewer 1: If you didn't know how to ride you might say I have never what a horse? 596: rode a horse Interviewer 1: Alright if you couldn't stay on, you might say I fell 596: I fell off Interviewer 1: If a little child went to sleep in bed and in the morning he found himself on the floor, 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: you'd say I must've 596: fell out Interviewer 1: {NW} 596: Fell out of the bed Interviewer 1: Things that you'd put on a horse's feet to protect them from the road? 596: Yeah their Shoes Interviewer 1: Alright. Is there a game people play with those? 596: Yes ma'am. That's right. Interviewer 1: What would they call that? 596: I don't know. I saw some other day people playing with them horseshoes like that. Throwing them I don't know what kind of game you call that but I seen- Interviewer 1: You've seen them do it 596: yes ma'am I seen them playing that the other day Interviewer 1: The parts of the horse's feet that you put the shoes on are the 596: Hooves Interviewer 1: Okay And uh one of those would be a 596: {NW} Interviewer 1: If he has four hooves and then he has one 596: Oh you mean a {X} Interviewer 1: No I'm thinking about just one of 'em Ya know, a hoof, would you say, what would you say? He has one 596: One hoof, one shoe Interviewer 1: Yeah that'd be fine. 596: Yeah Interviewer 1: That's fine Uh do you happen to know, I know they don't have sheep around here but do you happen anything about what they would call male sheep 596: Ram Interviewer 1: Alright, were they, well I guess maybe you may not know about this but I wondered if men were just as careful about using the ram 596: Well they didn't, didn't sound so much #1 Ram is No. It sure don't. It don't no # Interviewer 1: #2 But it didn't as bad as bull # Uh Female sheep is a 596: an {D:oar} Interviewer 1: Alright. What do sheep have on their back? 596: wool Interviewer 1: Okay now If you had a pig and you didn't, lets see, what's a male pig? 596: Boar pig Interviewer 1: Alright if you had a male and you didn't want him to grow up to be boar, you'd do what to him 596: Castrate him Interviewer 1: Alright would you say that your were gonna do that to a horse or would you call it doing something else 596: No its about the same thing Interviewer 1: Alright would you, what about a cat? 596: well Interviewer 1: Would you do that for a cat? 596: About the same thing Interviewer 1: I wondered if you ever used the term alter or work on or fix 596: Well they use-that use-thats what they work on Interviewer 1: work? 596: Yes ma'am Interviewer 1: What kind of animal would you say work on go work on a what? 596: Go work on a um, male animal you see Interviewer 1: a horse or a 596: a male horse work on a horse hog or something like that Interviewer 1: Would you say I'm gonna work on a bull, I mean a No. Work on a boar 596: Yes. We say we going change him we say Interviewer 1: change him? 596: Yes {D: That's we say that we going to change him.} Now that's about a boar Yes Interviewer 1: right 596: yes Interviewer 1: alright good Uh. Then, after you have changed your boar, he is a 596: He's a bar Interviewer 1: When um a little hog is first born you'd say it's a what? 596: pig Interviewer 1: Then when it's a little older you call it a 596: A little shoat Interviewer 1: Now that doesn't mean either male or female 596: No that's right. That's right Interviewer 1: But then you start calling them what? 596: Well meat hog we call them Interviewer 1: Okay now that'd be about 596: {D: butching} Interviewer 1: What weight? 596: anywhere from hundred and fifty pounds to two hundred, anywhere like that Interviewer 1: Okay. What-How much would a shoat weigh? 596: about fifty sixty pounds, that's a shoat Interviewer 1: #1 Now when you say shoat you gaging by weight aren't you # 596: #2 Yeah. something you talking about so yeah # about fifty sixty pounds like that small hog just a shoat Interviewer 1: What about a female that hasn't been bred? you'd call her a 596: gilt Interviewer 1: And then after she's bred she is a 596: sire Interviewer 1: The stiff hairs on a hog's back are 596: {X} Interviewer 1: What are the stiff hairs on- 596: bristle Interviewer 1: Alright. And those big teeth a hog has 596: tush tush Interviewer 1: How many does he have? 596: four two big ones in the bottom and two at the top But mostly mostly he got two big ones at the bottom That's where it's dangerous But them at the top they ain't that big ain't that big but them at the bottom as long as your finger Interviewer 1: really? 596: yeah he dangerous too Interviewer 1: You say then he's got four what? four- 596: {D: tushies} Interviewer 1: alright 596: I say tush but they tusks yeah Interviewer 1: are they? 596: yeah Interviewer 1: I've heard both so I don't know if it matters one way or another Um the thing that you put food in for a hog would be a 596: trough Interviewer 1: Alright. If you had three or four of them you'd say I have three or four 596: uh you mean uh Interviewer 1: the same thing 596: hog trough, hog trough Interviewer 1: alright if you had several of them you'd say I have three or four 596: hog troughs yeah Interviewer 1: Alright. Is there anything you'd call a hog that's grown up wild? 596: Yeah {X} Anything call a hog besides a real hog? Interviewer 1: Yeah one that's grown up wild outside- 596: that's a wild hog Interviewer 1: that's a wild hog? 596: it's wild hog Interviewer 1: anything else you'd call him 596: No not that I know of Interviewer 1: alright let me explore this with ya. What's a piney ridge rooter? 596: Well that's this old hog he just raised out there in the wood and go long miles about so long, he ain't got to breathe at all. Interviewer 1: he hasn't? 596: no Interviewer 1: Now is he wild? 596: No he don't have to be a wild hog to to be a piney ridge rooter he just be this ol' common hog that ain't got no breed ya know he's just just a hog Interviewer 1: just a hog? But people would-somebody would probably own him 596: Well yes maybe somebody own him {X} Piney ridge rooter out there {X} Interviewer 1: I see Well he just a hog, he ain't got no breed, {D: He ain't no Poland China, no Berkshire, no landrace} Uh 596: No that red hog, about to get ready to call him, but still he just a nonbreeding hog Interviewer 1: Oh okay. What about a razorback? Is that a breed? 596: Well no. that's an ol' one like the piney ridge rooter. It's an old hog out there Interviewer 1: Is it the same thing as a piney ridge rooter? 596: Yes. Same thing Interviewer 1: Okay 596: nonbreed hogs Interviewer 1: The sound that a calf makes when its being weaned Mm-hmm you'd say a calf begins to 596: wean Interviewer 1: yeah when he's being taken away from his mother you'd say the calf-what noise does he make? 596: blate Interviewer 1: Okay 596: begin to blate Interviewer 1: What does a cow do, when she gets hungry, what noise does she make? 596: Well they call that she mooed, they call that cow moo Interviewer 1: What about a horse that's hungry, what does he do? 596: He whicker Interviewer 1: You got some horses, and some mules and some cows, and you're talking about going out to feed them, say going out to feed the talking about ya know the whole group, you say well I've gotta go out and feed the 596: feed my animals Interviewer 1: Okay. Do you ever use stock? Do you ever use stock? Gotta go feed the stock? 596: yeah feed the stock. yeah feed the stock. Interviewer 1: alright 596: {X} all of 'em Interviewer 1: In the same line then, if you're going out to feed all the chickens and the geese and the turkeys, would you say I'm going out to feed the the what? 596: going out to feed the fowl to my chickens and turkeys we'll feed them, my fowl Interviewer 1: Okay, a hen that's on nest of eggs is called a 596: brood hen Interviewer 1: alright, ever here it called a setting hen? 596: Yes ma'am that's a setting hen. That hen on nest of eggs, setting hen course Brood hen and setting hen course she not a brood hen and she'll hatch Interviewer 1: Okay now wait a minute let's see a setting hen's on the eggs 596: Yes ma'am. Setting Interviewer 1: And what is the brood hen? 596: {D: Well that's she done sat and cut the little old bitties} Interviewer 1: That's after 596: And that's her brood. That's a brood hen Interviewer 1: {D: Now where might you keep the mother with her little bitties?} 596: Ma'am? Interviewer 1: Where might you keep 'em? What kind of shelter? 596: In a coop, call it a coop Interviewer 1: Alright now where would you keep all the rest of the chickens? 596: Well in a chicken house, hen house Interviewer 1: Now that's a big, that's bigger Alright what does the chicken coop look like? 596: Ah something that look like nothing according to how you get a maid {NW} Interviewer 1: Is it built up off the ground? 596: Well some of 'em is, some of 'em ain't. Some folks just, some people just stack up a stack of boards ya know and just make a little ol' pen like that and put 'em in there but you know Interviewer 1: What's the purpose of keeping them separate from the other chickens? 596: Well if you let 'em grow with other chickens the ol' big chickens will stomp 'em, step on 'em, bruise 'em up and kill 'em all like that Interviewer 1: Oh is that right? 596: #1 That's right # Interviewer 1: #2 I didn't know this # 596: So we had to keep them to themselves Keep them other chickens form injuring them Interviewer 1: When your eating, uh chicken there's a bone that the kids like to play with after you eat fried chicken 596: Yeah we call it pull-bone Interviewer 1: Alright What is there-What-What-How do they play with it? Is it some kind of superstition? 596: They take it and go and take it inside and pull on it When they pull it who get the biggest piece ah when they break off one that got the biggest piece, why we calls that the lucky one. Interviewer 1: Ah 596: Yeah one got the biggest piece and one got the little piece why He wasn't lucky but he, we tried to break to get the biggest piece of it off {NW} Interviewer 1: Oh my Did you ever know anyone who nailed one up over the door for any-? 596: Yes ma'am. That's right Interviewer 1: What-What does that suppose to do? 596: Well they claim put a pull-bone up over the door and first one come in I forgetting how be that go, first one come in is your friend or something like that I forgetting how that went Interviewer 1: {NW} 596: somebody know Interviewer 1: Uh the part of an in-the inside part of a hog, that you sometimes eat, 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: Ya know you fry 'em up- 596: Yeah. Mm-hmm {X} talking about chitlins I reckon Interviewer 1: Okay, now {X} Interviewer 1: Thinking about all the insides of a pig or a calf {D: um do ever hear that called haslet or} 596: #1 Yes Yes ma'am # Interviewer 1: #2 {D: harslet or. Which do they call it?} # 596: Yeah that's right. {D: Well they call 'em the haslets.} Interviewer 1: Now what that refer to? What parts? 596: Well some folks uh take it and uh take the liver some parts of the liver and before folks start quit eating the uh whatcha call it the lights they'd use that but they don't eat them now actually Interviewer 1: Those were the lungs 596: Yes ma'am Don't eat them now but use to eat them and the liver and piece it together someway another {D: it make that way for the haslet style} Interviewer 1: Did they ever eat the lungs of a calf? 596: No No Interviewer 1: They only ate the #1 lights # 596: #2 No # Interviewer 1: of the hog 596: of a hog yeah Interviewer 1: I see 596: and they stopped 'em from eating that which I think is right they oughta do that Interviewer 1: really? 596: Yes ma'am I think that's- Interviewer 1: Why is that I wonder I never ate- 596: Well they say it's in any event any disease by the hog at all say starts in his lungs Interviewer 1: oh really? 596: yeah say it starts in his lungs Interviewer 1: I see Did you ever eat any chitlins? 596: Yes ma'am Interviewer 1: Are they good? 596: They good yeah Interviewer 1: I always- 596: when somebody else fix 'em and clean 'em. Interviewer 1: {NW} Somebody told me you could buy them in the grocery store. 596: Yeah I know but somebody had to clean them then. You can buy 'em and you can buy 'em in grocery stores, but still somebody had to work to clean them things but I say if I had to clean them I just Interviewer 1: you'd just soon not. 596: No just would not and throw 'em all away. Interviewer 1: {NW} Um if it's time to feed the stock and do your chores you say- your talking about what time it is you say it's getting on toward 596: feeding time Interviewer 1: Okay. That's about what time of day? 596: Well uh on the farm like you say we sit around and talk well it's getting feeding time because late evening. Well maybe if the days is short it must be only about five o clock or something like that but if the days is long, maybe it's about seven o clock or something like that because it's feeding time. You get up and go feed Interviewer 1: Okay what is um the time of day of evening? Now when would you-when would you just kind of roughly say that evening begins? Well af-after twelve oh clock 596: #1 we say after-yeah afternoon # Interviewer 1: #2 afternoon you mean # 596: well the evening starts. Interviewer 1: When is afternoon then? Ya know when you say it's in the afternoon? 596: In the afternoon right after you done eat dinner we call it after twelve o clock Interviewer 1: Okay then would afternoon and evening be the same thing? 596: Yes ma'am Afternoon it's since it's afternoon. Interviewer 1: Okay and then you could say one oh clock would be in the evening too? 596: yeah and you say one oh clock in the evening then say well it was in the afternoon what time about in the afternoon well about one or two oh clock or something like that maybe three Interviewer 1: I see so- 596: but it's in the afternoon. Interviewer 1: Uh would six oh clock be in the evening? 596: Well yes that's still in the evening that's not night yet. Interviewer 1: Alright now evening goes right up to night? 596: Right up to night yeah Interviewer 1: and when does night start? 596: Well in the short I mean when the days are short, uh night can start as long by six oh clock but when the day is long night as long as seven or eight oh clock before night starts. Interviewer 1: Okay so it depends on when it gets dark? 596: that's right. Interviewer 1: I see and then when would you say um when would you say morning starts then? 596: Well I mean about after daylight after-after a while by break of day daylight something like that morning starts morning. Well of course you know morning starts anytime after twelve oh clock at night Interviewer 1: Mm-hmm 596: that's when it starts in the morning. Interviewer 1: Oh when you use the term? 596: #1 Well we start # Interviewer 1: #2 would you say # 596: We start at because we usually get up around there. After we get up in the early morning we call that the morning ya know but still we done start a lot of times before we get up Interviewer 1: Oh yeah What time do you wake up in the morning? 596: Well I don't know I generally wake up around about five o clock or something. Sometimes I wake-I don't get up at the time I wake up sometimes. Interviewer 1: And that's why I was asking ya know they're two different things #1 aren't they? {laughing} # 596: #2 Yes ma'am yeah # Sometimes I don't get up when I wake up I just just fool around I just don't get up If I got something to do and I'll get up Interviewer 1: oh yeah 596: but if I ain't well I just fool around and won't get up. Interviewer 1: Alright then if your using talking about saying wake up ya know and then get up 596: yeah Interviewer 1: If your wife was still asleep after you woke up, you'd do what to her? You'd say I'd go 596: Well maybe I tell her wife you better wake up {X} you got enough sleep yet or something like that. {NW} Interviewer 1: In other words you'd wake her up #1 right? # 596: #2 yeah # that's right Interviewer 1: Okay one call that I missed a couple of calls here when we talk about how you call things 596: yeah Interviewer 1: How would you call a calf? 596: calf? called a soo calf soo calf soo calf yeah like that? Interviewer 1: And um what do you say to mules or horses to make them turn right or left when you're plowing? 596: Well I wanna go right, I tell 'em gee. Wanna go left tell 'em haw. yeah that's I say plow Interviewer 1: How do ya tell 'em to back up when you're plowing? 596: Well back up, I'll get on Hal I be pulling on him out there {NW} Yay! Yay! Yay! means back up Interviewer 1: #1 Oh # 596: #2 Going yay! # Interviewer 1: #1 Yay? # 596: #2 That means back up # Interviewer 1: Ah How do you tell 'em to stop? 596: Whoa Interviewer 1: I see 596: Whoa Interviewer 1: Whoa Um how do you get 'em to start? 596: Come up! Interviewer 1: Come up? 596: Yeah Interviewer 1: Alright suppose you want 'em to go a little faster 596: Well you can Come up! You just gonna flash them with your line ya know maybe sort of flash them or or if you got a whip sort of wave the whip at 'em or sort of touch them with the whip something like that he know what you mean. Interviewer 1: He got the picture {C: laughing} 596: {X} {NW} Interviewer 1: Do you ever- If y'all around here do you ever cluck to 'em? 596: yes ma'am you click-yes we cluck to 'em Interviewer 1: #1 Say # 596: #2 That's right. # Interviewer 1: #1 {NW} or what? # 596: #2 {NW} # #1 Come up! yeah like that. # Interviewer 1: #2 I see # 596: Well it's Sometime he drag around don't wanna go and you gotta holler at him and make him move up Interviewer 1: Oh do you? 596: yeah Interviewer 1: Do you ever plow with the lines around your neck 596: No I they didn't practice that Interviewer 1: That seems like kind of dangerous doesn't it? 596: Oh it's too dangerous Yeah you got a mean animal he taking over the run Uh-uh he might Interviewer 1: Did you ever have one that took off from you? 596: Yes ma'am I've had all kinds yeah I use to didn't {X} If I did have one it was practice wanting to go and all like that I learned better than that Interviewer 1: You did? 596: yeah Interviewer 1: Um where-where do you put your lines when your plowing? 596: Well I have my lines on my hands you see have a loop in the lines me working in my hands and {X} as I plow Interviewer 1: #1 I see so you think # 596: #2 That's right # Interviewer 1: you could let your hands slip out of 'em? 596: oh yeah anytime I got ready let my hands slip out Interviewer 1: I see 596: that's right Interviewer 1: Um If you want to get your horses ready to plow you say your going out to do what to them? 596: {D: I'm going out there to feed 'em or curr 'em.} Interviewer 1: talking about putting the stuff on you know the lines oh 'em 596: Oh putting my harnesses on 'em Interviewer 1: Alright now you say you're going to do what to 'em? 596: Yeah well I'd harness up my animals go go out to catch my animals and put the harness on 'em Interviewer 1: Now that's to plow 596: That's for plowing or used for wagon Interviewer 1: #1 for wagon? # 596: #2 for a wagon # Interviewer 1: Either one? 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: Do you ever use the term gear 'em up? 596: Yes but I gear 'em up that's the same thing. Interviewer 1: That's the same thing? Would that-would you say gear 'em up if you were gonna hitch them to a wagon? 596: Well no that more sounds like you go hitch them to a plow. Interviewer 1: #1 Ah that's what I'm driving at your getting the picture there in a hurry {C:laughing}. # 596: #2 Yeah. yeah. yeah. # That's right. Interviewer 1: Alright um if you are driving the horse on a wagon what do you hold on to? {C: something knocking against wood} 596: Uh driving a horse on wagon? Interviewer 1: Mm-hmm 596: I hold the line that's about all I'm driving the wagon- Interviewer 1: Alright, when I say lines what are line made of? 596: Well sometime you got plow lines and if you plowing, you got cotton lines Interviewer 1: Cotton lines? 596: cotton lines you plow. Course now you driving a wagon you got leather lines #1 you see # Interviewer 1: #2 I see # 596: you got leather lines. Interviewer 1: If you're riding a horse what do you hold onto? 596: Well you got the rein, bridle rein. Interviewer 1: Alright 596: #1 {X} # Interviewer 1: #2 Uh # you put your feet in the what? 596: Stirrup Interviewer 1: Um If something is not right near at hand you'd say its just a what down the road just a little 596: just a little piece down the road. Interviewer 1: Alright {C: laughing} Is that any special distance? 596: No Not no certain distance just-just a little piece down the road Interviewer 1: Okay can you say that it if you're talking about that it's pretty far or something's pretty far away {C: vehicle passing} 596: Yes Interviewer 1: say that's a f- {C: vehicle passing} 596: Well they say that's well that's about a quarter from here or half a mile or Interviewer 1: Would you ever say a far piece or a fur piece? 596: No we never did use that word Interviewer 1: That-that-when you say piece though it really means small 596: yes ma'am that's right just a piece not none no maybe a couple a couple hundred yards you say something like that Interviewer 1: I see Okay if something if you're looking to buy something and you could-you don't have to go any special place every store would have it 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: you can say ah you'll find that just in any 596: Yeah just any of these stores you'll find that. Interviewer 1: or just anywhere 596: anywhere you'll find that just anywhere. Interviewer 1: Alright If someone falls and they fall this way ya know back this way, say he fell back 596: yeah mm-hmm Interviewer 1: How-how what would you say he fell? 596: He fell backwards. Interviewer 1: Okay or he fell 596: forwards Interviewer 1: Okay ever hear people say frontwards? 596: No not so much you say forwards. Interviewer 1: Alright that's fine Um Thinking about farmland, ya know if you have uh- if you got rid of all the brush and the trees you say you did what to the land? 596: I cleaned it up. #1 yeah yeah # Interviewer 1: #2 alright # Do you ever say cleared? 596: Cleared up well that's right cleared up clean up thats about the same thing. Interviewer 1: Okay I'm just interested in what you #1 would say that's all or if you've heard # 596: #2 Yes ma'am yes ma'am that's right. # Interviewer 1: #1 people say # 596: #2 That's right # Interviewer 1: Uh what would you call a old dried dead grass that's left over on the ground in the spring? Ya know after you mow I guess when do you mow in the fall. #1 fall? # 596: #2 yeah # uh-huh Interviewer 1: Uh you have something leftover sometimes on the ground in the spring, what would you call that? 596: We'd call it some dead grass. Interviewer 1: You ever call that the second cutting? 596: That's right yeah Interviewer 1: Have you heard that? 596: yes Interviewer 1: Would you be likely to say it? 596: yes um second cutting of old grass. Interviewer 1: Okay they ever grow wheat around here? 596: No they didn't grow no wheat in this part of the country. Interviewer 1: Alright would you happen by any chance to know what wheat's tied up into when you cut it?? 596: bundles Interviewer 1: Okay you do know 596: #1 yeah # Interviewer 1: #2 about wheat # 596: #1 well I know-I know about what it # Interviewer 1: #2 {NW} # 596: oughta-oughta be done how it was done but I didn't never seen no- Interviewer 1: but you never did grow any 596: no never did grow none. Interviewer 1: Uh then you gather the bundles into what? 596: um after you gather the bundles I guess into the reaper I reckon. Interviewer 1: Okay 596: yeah Interviewer 1: Ever grow any oats around here? 596: Yes we grow oats around here long time Interviewer 1: What do you do with oats after it's grown? Do what to it? 596: Beat 'em and take 'em and cut 'em where they harvest 'em and uh and uh course you put 'em in bundles like that yeah. Interviewer 1: Um oats is-oats-you did what to oats to get the grains away from- 596: Well ya thrash 'em yes ma'am thrash oats Interviewer 1: alright um {NW} Comparing how tall you are to somebody else you'll say well he's not as tall- 596: No he's not as tall as I am but he's-he's a tall person but I don't think he's quite as quite as tall as me something like that Interviewer 1: Okay if you compare again you'd say on the other hand I'm not as tall as 596: Nah I'm not as tall as he is. Interviewer 1: Okay 596: he's taller man than I am Interviewer 1: If a man has been running for two miles and then he had to stop, you'd say well two miles is as he could go. 596: Mm-hmm that's two miles as far as he could go. Interviewer 1: #1 Okay fine # 596: #2 yeah # Interviewer 1: Uh comparing how well you can do something 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: you say well he can do it better than 596: better than I can! yeah Interviewer 1: If something belongs to me and I say whose book is this, 596: mm-hmm Interviewer 1: you'd say it's 596: yours Interviewer 1: alright or if it belongs to your wife you'd say it's 596: it's hers Interviewer 1: or a man it's 596: that's his Interviewer 1: or two people it's 596: both of 'em Interviewer 1: {NW} both of them {C: laughing} {C: pounding in background} {NW} {C: pounding in background} You're sneaky {C: laughing} {C: pounding in background} Alright when people had been to visit you {C: pounding in background} and they're about to leave you might s-what might you say to them? 596: Come back! Interviewer 1: Alright or something else you might say. 596: Yeah come again yeah something like that I enjoyed ya something like that. Interviewer 1: Alright you ever-would you ever say y'all come back? 596: Yes ma'am that's right that's right. Interviewer 1: How would you say that? 596: Y'all-I just say y'all come again when you feel like it. Interviewer 1: Alright {C: laughing} alright now would I-I'm what I'm of course exploring here is how we use that term y'all 596: I say you- Interviewer 1: ya know #1 is that # 596: #2 I say # Interviewer 1: would you ever say that just to one person? 596: No I mean that if there's two I say you all if there's one I just say well you come back again when you feel like Interviewer 1: Okay you wouldn't-they always accuse us of using that for one person we only use it for more than that. 596: That's right that's right yes. Interviewer 1: Alright if um if you had several people who came to visit you that had coats you know and they maybe left 'em inside on the bed, 596: yeah Interviewer 1: would this sound right to you to say where are you all's coats? 596: No well #1 if there's more than one, # Interviewer 1: #2 y'all's coats? # Uh huh if there's more than one 596: I'd say well I-I-I might ask them that where are you all's coats?. Interviewer 1: Okay so it would be possible #1 to use it # 596: #2 yes # Interviewer 1: that way 596: yes ma'am Interviewer 1: Um then if you were talking about people at church you know and maybe your wife went and you didn't, 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: would it sound right to you to say who all was there? 596: Well well- Interviewer 1: Who all was at church this morning? 596: Well I wouldn't say who all was there I'd say is there any special person I wanna know about that was sitting in church this morning Interviewer 1: Okay 596: yeah Interviewer 1: Um would the expression who all's children were there sound right to you? 596: Well no I wouldn't say it like that who all's children- Interviewer 1: you wouldn't say that? 596: No Interviewer 1: Alright uh talking about what the preacher was saying, 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: would you ever ask anybody what all did he have to say? No I wouldn't ask that {X} 596: You can think about what all he said unless there was a tape recorder. Interviewer 1: Okay thanks. If no one else will look out for them, you say they've gotta look out for 596: for themselves. Interviewer 1: And if no one else will do it for 'em, you say he better do it 596: better do it for himself better do it hisself. Interviewer 1: okay What kind of bread is made of flower and and baked in loaves? 596: um We call it light bread Interviewer 1: #1 alright # 596: #2 wheat bread. # Interviewer 1: Sir? 596: Wheat bread we call it yes. Interviewer 1: Which would you say? 596: I call it light bread. Interviewer 1: That's what I call it too. {NW} Uh what other kinds of bread do you think of that are made from flour? 596: Well I-well I-I don't know. Interviewer 1: You might-your wife might bake a pan of 596: Well cake you talking about cake? Interviewer 1: No I'm thinking about bread #1 really, not cakes. # 596: #2 Bread? # Interviewer 1: She might bake a pan of what for #1 breakfast? # 596: #2 Biscuits! # #1 Oh yeah biscuit! # Interviewer 1: #2 {NW} # Auxiliary: {X} 596: She- I almost thought about that because that what she do all the time. Interviewer 1: Ah you a biscuit maker? 596: #1 Ah she makes biscuits. # Auxiliary: #2 {X} # Interviewer 1: #1 Does he? # 596: #2 yeah # Interviewer 1: Can you make biscuits Mr.- {B} 596: Yes ma'am I can 'em but I'd hate to do it ya know #1 but I can. # Interviewer 1: #2 Really? # 596: I just hate I would hate to {X} but she can-she can just ya know right now make 'em right now. Interviewer 1: Ah 596: Yeah Interviewer 1: What do you bake in a large cake that's made out of cornmeal? 596: Uh a large cake that we- folks used to call it griddle cake. Interviewer 1: Griddle cake? 596: yeah Interviewer 1: Now how do you ma-make those? Are those a fried on a griddle or 596: I don't know they call it griddle cake but I don't know how that's done. Interviewer 1: There's something else you make out of cornmeal that we eat a lot of. 596: Oh cornbread. Interviewer 1: Alright now what-how is it made? 596: Well cornbread w-well it's made ya take your meal you course-you take your meal ya sift ya meal. Maybe you uh scald it and put a little milk in it salt, or bacon {D:parts} or whatever you gonna do egg in it or whatever you gonna wherever you wanna fix it. Well then stir it all up and put it in your skillet in your bake oven whatever you gonna bake it in. I-I use a skillet. Interviewer 1: Do you make cornbread? 596: Yes ma'am I make cornbread. #1 Pour a little # 596: #2 Ah ha! # grease in the bottom of the skillet ya know and and Auxiliary: #1 {X} # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer 1: He can't what? {C: laughing} #1 What are you giggling about? {C:laughing} # Auxiliary: #2 {X} # so well {NW} Interviewer 1: I noticed you were giggling over here in the background at his description {C: laughing}. {NW} Auxiliary: He can make good bread but he can't {X} {NW} Oh Lordy Interviewer 1: {NW} But you bake it right? 596: I bake it. Interviewer 1: Ah! 596: I just throw on about three hundred or something like that {NW} Interviewer 1: Do ya always put an egg in it? 596: No you don't have to put egg in it, you don't have to. Interviewer 1: If you don't put an egg in it do you still call it cornbread? 596: Yes ma'am right on. Interviewer 1: Do you ever hear that called hot water bread? 596: Yes ma'am I've heard that. Interviewer 1: Is that the same as what I'm talking about? 596: Well it's pretty way of The hot water you use that to keep 'em so it won't be so crumbly when you get it cooked. Interviewer 1: Alright in that case you-the liquid you put in is hot water 596: Yes ma'am That's right Interviewer 1: I see Uh ever hear of any kind of cornbread that you baked in the ashes? 596: Yes that's right. Interviewer 1: It have a name? 596: yes ma'am ash bread Interviewer 1: ash bread? 596: yeah that's right Interviewer 1: Um the-is there any kind that um Oh let me find out this though, you cook yours round in a #1 skillet right? # 596: #2 Yes ma'am. That's right. # Interviewer 1: {D: Alright now do you call that a pong? What's a pong?} 596: {D: Well that's what a pong, it's a pong or you cook it in} {D: in ya know in a square pan it can be a pong but-} Interviewer 1: {D: That can be a pong?} 596: {D: Yeah but ya-any kind of thing you cook it in, it could be a pong.} Interviewer 1: Oh 596: yeah Interviewer 1: {D: A pong just means that it refers to the whole big piece.} 596: That's right. Interviewer 1: Did you ever #1 make cornbread # 596: #2 {D:corn of bread} # Interviewer 1: between your hands like this and either fried or bake it? 596: I've seen it like that. I've seen folk cook it like that. Interviewer 1: Would that be called anything different? 596: No I reckon not I don't know just {NS} Interviewer 1: #1 Okay # 596: #2 bread. # Interviewer 1: Um there's a kind of bread that's made with cornmeal that they put onion in and maybe some green peppers #1 but they fry it # 596: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer 1: in fish grease. 596: yeah mm-hmm Well I don't know people use to call that- ol' folk call that cush something like that. Interviewer 1: Cush? 596: cush Interviewer 1: I wanna ask you about cush. {NW} Um th-that's wh-what how do you make cush? #1 What does it look like? Is it- # 596: #2 I don't know I-I-I # Interviewer 1: Does it look like bread or does it look like cereal? 596: Well it looks like- it looks sorta like cereal something like that. Interviewer 1: Now if you took #1 cornbread # 596: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer 1: and you put it ya know in a pot 596: #1 with water and you stirred it around- # Interviewer 1: #2 Mm-hmm. Yeah. Mm-hmm # cornmeal right? 596: Yes ma'am Interviewer 1: 'til it got kind of thick, 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: what would that be called? 596: That'd be called-call that gruel they use to call it. Interviewer 1: Gruel, suppose it was thicker than #1 gruel. # 596: #2 yes # that's right Interviewer 1: Suppose it got real thick like oatmeal. 596: well yes ma'am I don't know. What else you all it? Interviewer 1: They ever call that mush? 596: Yes mush or something like that. Interviewer 1: Alright mush? 596: yeah Interviewer 1: Um then cush doesn't look like mush. 596: no Interviewer 1: Okay it looks like 596: I didn't know how they made it ya know but Interviewer 1: What did it look like I guess when you saw it? Just 596: Well you know cush and dressing what you call dressing Interviewer 1: yeah 596: that's about the same thing #1 just about it # Interviewer 1: #2 Ah # 596: Yeah. They're about the same. They cook-they fixed about alike Interviewer 1: Now Mrs. {B} down here mentioned that #1 and she said # 596: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer 1: that as she remembered that it was something like maybe crumbled up cornbread and you add something some seasons to it and then add water or #1 some kind of liquid # 596: #2 well that- # Interviewer 1: and bake it. 596: That's right. Interviewer 1: #1 Now does that kind of sound like what your thinking like. # 596: #2 That's right yes yes ma'am that's right. # Yeah that way they make dressing {X} Interviewer 1: Yeah 596: They would call it dressing yeah. Interviewer 1: Right okay good. Uh what I was thinking of a minute ago was hush puppies. 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: Have you ever had hush-made hush puppies? 596: No no I have probably seen them but I don't- I don't know how they're made no sure don't. Interviewer 1: Okay there's something else that I'll question about that you make probably with cornmeal 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: and you put down in with greens to cook 'em there put 'em in little bags #1 sometimes. # 596: #2 Yes I've heard # talk of that too I sure heard talk about- but I never seen none of it. In all my days coming up never did eat none of 'em. Interviewer 1: You don't know what they were called? 596: No I sure don't Interviewer 1: Is that-what about when I say dumplings, what do you think of? 596: Well I hear-well I dumplings course now you can make that out of flour. Interviewer 1: #1 yeah now that is # 596: #2 Now in this day and and time # Interviewer 1: I was gonna ask 596: #1 yeah # Interviewer 1: #2 was # that flower? Well I used to hear my-my parents talk about meal dumplings and I asked them how did they do it they say like you said while ago ya put 'em in little bags or somehow another and cook it somehow or another I don't know how they done it 596: #1 but I hear 'em talk about it. # Auxiliary: #2 {X} # 596: Meal dumplings but I never did eat none. Interviewer 1: Have you eaten the flower dumplings? 596: Yes ma'am {X} Interviewer 1: Now how-what are they cooked with? 596: Well if you going with chicken uh #1 uh maybe # Interviewer 1: #2 Did they # 596: #1 uh fresh backbone # Interviewer 1: #2 you just drop that in regular- # 596: or something like that. Interviewer 1: If you're gonna drop that in-you drop it into the-the liquid you don't put it in bags? 596: No ma'am. No ma'am. You just make that out-make your dough up you know make it out of whatever you know and cut them little blocks and take it up while its-while its cooking you take a little block and drop it in there ya know and time to get another piece {D: that hasn't cooked} like {NW} Interviewer 1: yeah I-I know what you're talking about. My mother cooked them but {C: others laughing in background} #1 she made hers # 596: #2 that's right # Interviewer 1: she made hers #1 with flour # 596: #2 and don't and-and # and-and don't ever stir 'em #1 Don't stir 'em # Interviewer 1: #2 No! # 596: #1 {D: due to their} # Interviewer 1: #2 {X} # 596: due to their stickiness stick or lump up or something like that. Interviewer 1: I tried to make 'em one time 596: yeah Interviewer 1: and mine were like glue. 596: #1 What?{C:while laughing} # Interviewer 1: #2 You know # you bit into 'em and they stuck to your whole mouth and it would taste like paste it was terrible {C: others laughing in background} {NW} Oh I don't know. {C: others laughing in background} My mother was one of those you know you all-we were laughing at it ago at Mr {B} he could do it but he couldn't tell how to do it, well now my- you know a lot of cooks, good cooks, are that way {C: others laughing in background} #1 and they can't # 596: #2 That's true! # Interviewer 1: you do it by the touch #1 and uh # 596: #2 that's right # Interviewer 1: by knowing how to do it. 596: That's right that's right. Interviewer 1: Uh talking about there are two kinds of bread there's homemade bread and then there's 596: yeah-yeah Interviewer 1: there's the kind you buy you call it what kind of bread? 596: uh Interviewer 1: you might say there's a lot of difference between homemade bread and 596: a-a-a-and-and um homemade bread and bought bread might-may say homemade biscuits and bought biscuits whole lot different. It's a whole lot different than that. Interviewer 1: Oh have you had those canned biscuits? 596: yes {X} Interviewer 1: {NW} {D:there} {NW} 596: but th-th-they and I don't care how they in them can or like when ya burst 'em and all like that they jump out and all like that. Interviewer 1: {NW} You don't care whether they jump out? 596: Nah they but they ain't good as these homemade biscuits, just ain't as good. It ain't. Uh-uh. When one gets hard you get a- I mean when it gets cold, it'd be hard to knock a dog down with it ya know Interviewer 1: (NW) 596: and there ain't no softening to it neither. Interviewer 1: {NW} Oh that's funny {NW} 596: But now these homemade biscuits won't do that Interviewer 1: No! No. 596: They won't do that. Uh-Uh. Interviewer 1: They stay fresh longer don't they too? 596: Ma'am? Interviewer 1: The homemade stay softer- 596: oh yeah that's right Auxiliary: Some don't need hardening and #1 some need # Interviewer 1: #2 yeah well # when I make 'em #1 {X} # 596: #2 If you don't make 'em right they will # if you don't make them right. Interviewer 1: I've gotten to where I can make biscuits, but I couldn't-I don't want try dumplings again. That was-that was too-that was a shock. Auxiliary: #1 You love dumplings? # 596: #2 Sure enough # Interviewer 1: Um I loved them when my mother made them, but I-you know after I tried it and it didn't work {NW} 596: Now she make 'em {X} She make 'em and anybody eat 'em if they eat dumplings at all. Interviewer 1: Oh really? #1 Are you a good cook Mrs # 596: #2 That's right # Interviewer 1: {B} a good cook? 596: Oh she's a good cook. Yeah yeah she's a good cook. Now I tell ya right before her face she's a good cook. Interviewer 1: Ah that's- 596: That's right Interviewer 1: #1 That's good. # 596: #2 Mm-hmm # Yeah Interviewer 1: Uh did your mother or anybody you know ever make donuts? Auxiliary: No Do you want a fan? Interviewer 1: No ma'am I'm fine I'm just fine- 596: No my-my mother didn't make no donuts. Interviewer 1: Have you ever seen anyone making any? 596: No I ain't seen nobody making 'em. I just ain't seen {X} Interviewer 1: Um sometimes you'll make up a batter, this might be what you thinking about a while ago, some times you make up a batter and you fry some little #1 {X}. Three or four at a time # 596: #2 Yes ma'am. {X} # We call them muffins Interviewer 1: muffins? muffins Auxiliary: you fry muffins? yeah I think we muffins yeah we fry 'em Interviewer 1: Okay how are they made? Auxiliary: Sort of like you're talking about made so like a donut ya know uh you know I don't know how they call it 596: #1 {NW} # Interviewer 1: #2 Okay # Are they fried piece of {C: laughing in background} {B} Are muffins fried? Auxiliary: yes ma'am Interviewer 1: Now I don't know how you do that because I think of muffins as you know put 'em in the oven and bake 'em Auxiliary: I have fried 'em and make 'em and bake 'em in the oven to do 'em {X} Interviewer 1: What-What type of flour do you use? Auxiliary: Just same kind- Interviewer 1: I mean its like wheat flour white flour? Auxiliary: yes ma'am flour that you like to make biscuits with Interviewer 1: Well I didn't know that! 596: That's right Interviewer 1: No I haven't really cross that before. How do you eat 'em? What do eat 'em with? Auxiliary: Eat 'em with anything You can eat 'em as dessert {C: vehicle passing} you can eat 'em with any kind of dessert {C: vehicle passing} {X} {C: vehicle passing} 596: I remember long time ago I use to go to school Interviewer 1: {X} 596: momma picked up a muffin like that ya know and split 'em open and put jelly in 'em ya know like that and Auxiliary: Mm yeah I could hardly wait 'til dinner time comes. Interviewer 1: I'll bet {NW} Auxiliary: they fluff way up they look they're real big but they ain't nothing in 'em 596: Nah they ain't nothing to 'em Auxiliary: #1 you measure them out as # Interviewer 1: #2 and you fry them? # Auxiliary: #1 thin as they can be # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm # Auxiliary: then when you put 'em in that hot grease and they just puff right up 596: yeah that's right Interviewer 1: That's interesting Auxiliary: #1 yeah # 596: #2 yeah # Interviewer 1: No I've never run across that before When I think of muffins you know I think of the kind you put in the-in the muffin {D: tin} 596: yeah bake 'em in Interviewer 1: #1 the oven. # 596: #2 yeah Mm-hmm # Interviewer 1: These sound good. 596: yeah Interviewer 1: Um well what I'm thinking of maybe is something a little bit different from that, what I was originally thinking of, and that's something that you'd fry maybe on a-a griddle #1 not fry that really- # Auxiliary: #2 You thinking of batter cakes. # Interviewer 1: #1 yeah that's what I'm thinking about. # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. Yeah. Batter cakes # Auxiliary: {X} salt 596: yeah Interviewer 1: #1 what were they? # Auxiliary: #2 {X} # Interviewer 1: What do you call those? Auxiliary: They call them glitters 596: glitters yeah Interviewer 1: #1 glitter? # Auxiliary: #2 flapjacks # some people call 'em flapjacks 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: Oh now you were calling- you said something else before that. 596: Uh Interviewer 1: battered? 596: uh uh batter cake! Interviewer 1: Is that the same thing #1 as glitter? # 596: #2 Yes # yes that's the same thing. Interviewer 1: They're all the same thing? 596: #1 same thing # Interviewer 1: #2 What do you # eat those with? Or how do you eat- 596: I eat 'em with syrup like that- Interviewer 1: eat 'em for #1 breakfast and that or # 596: #2 yes ma'am # Interviewer 1: #1 not necessarily- # 596: #2 Well I eat 'em anytime while they're hot. # They to get cold you can't eat 'em. Auxiliary: can't do that 596: No it gets cold you can't eat a cold batter cake. Got to eat them while they hot. Interviewer 1: Uh what is it that you put in bread, that's not baking powder or soda, to make it rise? You put in a #1 cake of- # 596: #2 yeast # yeast Interviewer 1: #1 alright # 596: #2 yeah # Interviewer 1: Uh you have an egg and you crack it and there are two parts of it 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: You have the 596: white and the uh Auxiliary: yellow 596: and the yellow and of course the yolk Interviewer 1: #1 okay- # 596: #2 one # they call the yolk {X} {NS} yolk I believe they call 'em Interviewer 1: okay 596: I never did no which is the yellow or the white is called the yolk. Interviewer 1: No {NW} 596: one of them called the yolk though Interviewer 1: okay Uh talking about the way you buy flour now you buy it in packages of course 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: Uh with about one pound you know you'll have a pound or more {C: vehicle passing} 596: Yeah Interviewer 1: You say I'm going to the store and I bought two what of flour? {C: vehicle passing} 596: two packages of flour Interviewer 1: or two pounds? {C: vehicle passing} 596: or two pounds or something like that Interviewer 1: alright If you have eggs and you um put them in water and let the water boil and cook the eggs without breaking the eggs Mm-hmm when you're through you have what? 596: A soft boiled egg? a broach egg soft boiled egg Interviewer 1: Alright now suppose you let the water come to a boil and then you crack the egg and slid it down in there. Then what would you have when they were done? 596: I don't know I wouldn't know I thought-I didn't know you crack the egg and uh put it in the boiling water Interviewer 1: yeah the water comes to a boil #1 and sometime # 596: #2 yeah # Interviewer 1: you take the water off #1 for sometime # 596: #2 Uh-huh # Interviewer 1: you don't and you crack the egg and let it kind of slide down in there. 596: Mm-hmm I don't know I always call it soft boiled or either hard boiled egg one way or the other Interviewer 1: alright did you ever hear of porched eggs #1 or poached eggs or- # 596: #2 yes ma'am yes # I've heard that Interviewer 1: Have you-would you know what that meant? 596: No that's just a-it's a egg I think you-you put some-you hot water you break the egg and cook it in hot water steal the grease Interviewer 1: Okay Auxiliary: put in in water and steal the grease 596: yeah Interviewer 1: Alright what would you call that? 596: A broached egg. Interviewer 1: That's the broached egg? 596: yeah broached egg yeah Interviewer 1: okay Fat, salt, pork is #1 called # 596: #2 Mm-hmm # Mm-hmm Fat soft pork? Interviewer 1: Fat, salt, pork 596: Oh that's uh we call that uh-I call it salt meat that what I call that. Interviewer 1: Salt meat? 596: Salt meat. Interviewer 1: Alright uh that's the kind that you cook with turnip greens? #1 or some kind of greens # 596: #2 yes ma'am. that's right # Interviewer 1: Alright, what would you call it if it had a good bit of lean in it? 596: call that there uh bacon Interviewer 1: Bacon? 596: yeah Interviewer 1: Alright now is that the same- what would you-what is that that you buy that's sliced real thin- 596: that's sliced bacon Interviewer 1: okay that you fry #1 with the eggs, that's what you're talking about. # 596: #2 Yes. Yes ma'am. That's right # Interviewer 1: Alright now this other is a little bit different # Interviewer 1: #1 isn't it? # 596: #2 Yes ma'am. # yes ma'am. Interviewer 1: Okay um {NS} When y-you say um Hmm what was I going to say? Oh! The hard outside part of this-of bacon ya know that you-if you buy a whole piece of it you gotta cut it off 596: yeah Interviewer 1: That's the what? 596: Rind if the skin on it Interviewer 1: Alright that's the same thing? 596: Yes Interviewer 1: Alright uh if cut out the whole side of the hog 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: That's the what? 596: That's the bacon cut out the midland we call it- Interviewer 1: yeah midland is #1 what I was thinking of. # 596: #2 yeah-yeah. # midland Interviewer 1: Do ever hear of the bacon called midland meat? Or hear anything called midland meat? 596: yes ma'am that's right Interviewer 1: What would that be? 596: Well I just-that is just a that-that like we talking about that whole slide of bacon. Interviewer 1: That'd be the whole 596: yes ma'am Interviewer 1: a slab of bacon? 596: yes ma'am Interviewer 1: Alright 596: midland the meat {X} Went to town and bought a whole midland of meat and then he got a whole side. Interviewer 1: he got a whole side? 596: yeah a whole side that's right Interviewer 1: Alright um if the man at the grocery store that um cuts up meat 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: He's a 596: meat cutter Interviewer 1: or al- 596: butcher Interviewer 1: And there's a kind of meat that it's ground up hog meat #1 and you # 596: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer 1: stuff it inside the 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: the-the hog's intestines #1 sometime # 596: #2 Mm-hmm # Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: That's what? 596: That's sausage {NW} Interviewer 1: You like-you sound like you might like some. {C: laughing} 596: Ooh yes! Auxiliary: That's what he does {X} 596: I make sausage every winter. Interviewer 1: You do? That's right. Still make sausage? 596: Yes. Every winter. Interviewer 1: Really? {D: I wonder if a lot of question I ask you here about sausage.} or about what you do with it ya know. You kill hogs? 596: yes Interviewer 1: {NW} I'll get that in just a second. If meat has been kept too long you say the meat has done what? 596: Well it got strong Interviewer 1: Alright after it gets strong then it finally-it's no good at all and you say it did what? It 596: No ma'am it's no good Interviewer 1: It's {NW} 596: spoiled Interviewer 1: Alright now that's worse than strong. 596: Well that's spoiled that's that-that's #1 worst than- that's right. # Interviewer 1: #2 {NW} # Have you ever heard the term rank 596: #1 Yes ma'am. # Interviewer 1: #2 about meat? # 596: That's right. Interviewer 1: Now is rank not as bad as strong? 596: No it's about the same thing Interviewer 1: about the same thing 596: about the same thing Interviewer 1: but spoiled is 596: oh it's gone it's Interviewer 1: {NW} 596: ain't nothing to it spoiled is just spoiled Interviewer 1: And when you kill hogs do you make anything out of the head? 596: Yes I make hog head cheese Interviewer 1: Alright is that the same thing as sous? yes ma'am. same thing Um do you ever make anything out of the liver? 596: no no more than just fry just cook it ya know Interviewer 1: Alright. You didn't ever make any liver cheese #1 or liver sausage or anything # 596: #2 No. No # Interviewer 1: {D: that took}? 596: No Interviewer 1: Did you ever know anyone who made anything out of the blood? 596: I am sure that make pudding out of the- no but I didn't see no-I never did see none Interviewer 1: Mm Think you'd ever eat any? 596: No Interviewer 1: {NW} 596: I don't think I ever want any. {NW} Interviewer 1: Um Did you ever take the juice that y-you make ya know from the hog head cheese and stir it up with some hog meat and fry it Come out with anything um to eat? 596: No not that I know of. Well you mean the-the-the grease which you press out of the hog head cheese? Interviewer 1: I think so yes 596: Yes ma'am I have it's as good as anything ya know I- Interviewer 1: What do you use it #1 for? # 596: #2 Well you # use that grease almost anything. It's hot and it got all kinda flavors in it and it's good, it's good to use Interviewer 1: What have you used it in? What sorts of things #1 have you used it on? # 596: #2 Well you can yeah # anything most Auxiliary: {X} 596: Anything else where you gonna cook ya know maybe {NW} some of the meat you gonna fry any kind you put that in that makes a good flavor to anything you cook Interviewer 1: Does it? 596: any kind of meat you gonna cook it make a good flavor to it. Now she can make hog and cheese well. Interviewer 1: Can ya? 596: She can make hog head cheese. Interviewer 1: {NW} 596: I'm telling ya! Interviewer 1: {NW} Uh when-you do this in the fall #1 don't you? # 596: #2 yes ma'am # in the winter, that's right. Interviewer 1: Well I'll tell you something right-right now I wish I were gonna be here Cause when I was a child my family killed hogs about Thanksgiving 596: sure enough Interviewer 1: #1 not my father but my uncle ya know # 596: #2 Yes ma'am. Yes ma'am # Interviewer 1: and we would go out there and I tell you there is nothing like, well I called-grew up calling it souse 596: Yes ma'am that's right. Interviewer 1: and it was-oh it's either ya know #1 either term but my family # 596: #2 oh yeah yeah # Interviewer 1: happened to call it souse and um there's nothing like homemade souse. 596: No Interviewer 1: Nothing like- and the stuff you buy at the store is terrible 596: {X} Interviewer 1: Mm 596: Now I guess that we had um uh you see the set of three number three tubs that we had it full of souse and it wouldn't last you don't know what time cause somebody be hearing about it and come #1 pouring in looking for ya. # Interviewer 1: #2 flying # Right. 596: #1 They would they'd come # Auxiliary: #2 {D: I'll bet} # 596: pouring in looking for it Interviewer 1: Uh did you ever hear of scrapple? {D: Scrapple or cripple?} from that something you cook. 596: No I don't know Interviewer 1: Haven't heard those terms? 596: No I hear about scramble. Scrambled eggs Interviewer 1: No I'm thinking about scrapple uh some case- it's something made with corn meal and hog juices 596: No I just don't know nothing about that Interviewer 1: Alright. 596: Sure don't Interviewer 1: Uh if you kept your butter too long so that it didn't taste good you'd say the butter 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: what would you say about the taste of it? 596: The butter done got strong, the butter done got old. something like that Interviewer 1: Alright. Did you ever say rancid? 596: Yes butter got ra-well I call it done got the rank of strong or somebody call it Interviewer 1: Okay 596: Yes ma'am Interviewer 1: Thick sour milk 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: that people drink or eat, is what? 596: Well it got to much acid in it I would call it. Interviewer 1: No it's something people really like. or clabber? yeah that's what I was #1 thinking about. # 596: #2 Cla- # Interviewer 1: {NW} 596: Clabber or buttermilk. Interviewer 1: They're not the same thing now #1 are they? # 596: #2 Yes ma'am. # Interviewer 1: They are the same thing? 596: Yes ma'am. Well uh course buttermilk is-is-is a milk which you as-you churn get the butter out of it then you know that's why it's called buttermilk but clabber that's a milk where it just turn getting ready for its churning. Interviewer 1: I see 596: yes ma'am #1 I see # Interviewer 1: #2 It's getting ready # 596: for it to churn that's clabber milk. When it's thick ya know its ready for a churning. Interviewer 1: I see 596: but then Interviewer 1: Did you ever make cheese out of the clabber? Anybody ever- 596: No I never-I have eat it though but I-I never did see it. We did make none here. I've eaten it though. Interviewer 1: Alright. Uh what's the first thing you do to milk when you-after you milk? Auxiliary: Strained it, first thing we did. Interviewer 1: Alright There's a dessert I'm thinking about that's baked in a deep dish that's made with apples and has several layers of apples and crust. 596: #1 Mm-hmm # Interviewer 1: #2 And it # ya know one after the other. 596: Yeah. {X} Interviewer 1: Sometimes called apple something. 596: Applesauce something like that apple? Interviewer 1: Um #1 No ever hear- # 596: #2 No not sauce but apple # {NS} I don't know Interviewer 1: Ever hear of apple cobbler? 596: Yes that's right I #1 started to say # Interviewer 1: #2 well- # 596: Well I was started to say apple pie started to say well a while ago but now I didn't need to say it Interviewer 1: Now when you say apple pie 596: Well Interviewer 1: uh does it have two crusts with the apple between or can it be made different ways? 596: Well you make it different way you can have you don't have but one crust at the bottom if you wants to or you can have crust on top if you wants to called apple pie. Interviewer 1: Oh how would a- you make apple cobbler then? 596: Well that's same thing #1 Apple-a-apple cobbler # Interviewer 1: #2 It's the same thing? # 596: ain't a thing but just- Interviewer 1: Mrs. {B} here is saying something w-what she what she giving instructions from? Auxiliary: Dumplings is apple #1 cobbler # 596: #2 Right! # I was fixing to say that #1 just need some dumplings in there. # Auxiliary: #2 (X) # {X} #1 I just couldn't say that # 596: #2 {X} # what the cobbler is. Auxiliary: good that way. 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: Now what you say it to me so-say it repeat what she said so I can get it. 596: Yeah see the apple is apple {X} uh cobbler when the thing but just some apples just like you can make like go make peach cobbler or something like that Interviewer 1: Uh-huh 596: You see you put your dumplings in there and ya play with it you know whatever and the ingredients in there what you call 'em Interviewer 1: and then what she said something about you drop the crust of the pastry down into it like dumplings 596: Yes ma'am Interviewer 1: Now that's apple #1 cobbler # 596: #2 apple # apple cobbler Interviewer 1: and apple dumplings are the same #1 thing # 596: #2 same thing # Interviewer 1: same thing 596: same thing Interviewer 1: Okay #1 If somebody has a # 596: #2 same thing # Interviewer 1: good appetite you say- Auxiliary: {X} Interviewer 1: Oh you put a crust on top of it then Auxiliary: {X} Interviewer 1: Oh you put a crust on top of the pie then and-on top of the dumplings and the apple #1 mixture # 596: #2 yeah # Interviewer 1: I see If someone has a good appetite you say mm that man sure likes to put away his 596: {NW} his food? Interviewer 1: Alright you ever use {D:bittles?} 596: {D: Yes bittles that's right.} Interviewer 1: {NW} 596: That's the truth yeah Interviewer 1: Uh what do you call a sweet liquid that you pour over pudding? or over cake? 596: uh you ain't talking about jelly is you gel? Interviewer 1: No I'm you know people use to make a kind of dessert where they'd make a cake you know just a plain cake then they'd cook- 596: pour syrup over it or some kind of Interviewer 1: Yeah or sometime they would take it and mix up um milk or cream and some or sometime they'd make uh a kind of a custard like thing they poured over it. 596: I don't know. We call it icing we use call it. We put over cake and just made it all over just covered over it. Interviewer 1: Yeah that's not quite what I'm thinking about though. Do ever hear that referred to as sauce? 596: something or I know what you talking about Interviewer 1: My mother used to make what she'd call a one egg cake two egg cake and then she'd cook up um a kind of sauce that was like lemon sauce or she puts 596: put over it to uh Interviewer 1: poured over it 596: keep it make it {D: plime} I know what you talking about alright but I don't know what the name of- Auxiliary: {X} Interviewer 1: that would make it what? what'd you just say? That's interesting. 596: {D: Make it plime, make it soft you know make it} moisture Interviewer 1: {D: Alright you said plime?} 596: yes ma'am #1 {D: plime} # Interviewer 1: #2 That's an interesting # word I haven't heard that #1 one before # 596: #2 {D: yeah plime} # {D: That's right, that's plime.} Interviewer 1: That's talking about making foods soft? 596: Yes ma'am {D: A kind of lubricant ya know what they call plime} Interviewer 1: Would you say that about anything other than food? #1 {D: Anything else you'd say that makes it plime?} # 596: #2 No No No No # Interviewer 1: #1 That's interesting I hadn't heard that expression before # 596: #2 No No that's right # Interviewer 1: Okay um food taken between regular meals, you call that Say I'm going in to get a little 596: Uh get a little snack Interviewer 1: Alright is that very much food? 596: No it ain't much Interviewer 1: Suppose you were going in and have a right-good bit of it? 596: Well you say I'm going to get lunch, going to eat, going to eat my dinner or supper at break so you- Interviewer 1: That would be a regular meal? 596: Yes regular meal but you going in just a little {X} going to get a little snack Interviewer 1: Okay 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: The black liquid that you drink for breakfast is 596: coffee Interviewer 1: Alright and how do you make coffee? 596: Well I-well I use Interviewer 1: Now you use instant I bet. 596: No ma'am #1 No No # Interviewer 1: #2 No you don't! # 596: #1 No No # Interviewer 1: #2 {NW} # 596: Don't use no instant I-I got enough making instant coffee when I was in the hospital. Interviewer 1: {NW} 596: Our uh-the way I make coffee I just take uh get my coffee and put them in my uh percolator and pour that hot water over it just pour that hot water over it the amount that I want and sit it there and let it begin to steam I think it's about made well I take it and somebody pour it back over water and pour in That's coffee already done made then {NW} Interviewer 1: How did they make it back in the old days do you remember? 596: Well in the old days we use to take coffee and buy grain coffee ya know and take it and {D: potch it} Put them in a container and {D: potch it} while it's stirring ya know and put in just a little oh I used to see my mother put just a little ol' pinch of grease in that-in that coffee and kind of I don't know {D: keep it stirring while it's potching} That's when they just burns where you got it parked Interviewer 1: Uh-huh 596: And uh Then she didn't have at them times, you didn't have no what'd you call uh coffee meal. We had to grind it. You take a bottle and put it out there on 'em and roll it ya know. {NW} crack it pop it {NW} Interviewer 1: I like that Auxiliary: Well you got {X} ya know {X} you take it and put it in like you just like that other coffee But as you got a coffee meal she telling you to take a coffee meal ya know ya know and I did love when tell me come grind the coffee Interviewer 1: Oh did you? 596: I did ya know last bit ya know I just #1 shake it in my hands and put 'em in my mouth # Auxiliary: #2 {X} # Interviewer 1: You eat it? 596: I would Interviewer 1: Ground coffee? 596: Ground coffee taste good Interviewer 1: #1 Really? # 596: #2 for homemade coffee # Interviewer 1: Aw I didn't know that 596: And then so I say if I ever got grown I was gonna drank coffee. Well I did I drank coffee. Course now I ain't drank coffee and I even not drink it It don't make no difference to me it's-it's I ain't got no habit of it. Interviewer 1: Does it keep you awake when you drink #1 it at night? # 596: #2 No # it don't bother me. Take no effect on me at all. {NW} I drank it or not drank it Interviewer 1: Hmm uh What do you drink when your thirsty? 596: Drink water {D: There's nothing takes place of water.} Interviewer 1: Ah and what-what did you drink it in? What was that she brought you? 596: Oh in a glass. Interviewer 1: #1 Alright # 596: #2 yeah # {X} Interviewer 1: If I drink, if-if I drink,if I drop a glass it might 596: break. Interviewer 1: Alright now I might say yesterday I two glasses 596: Yeah I broke two glasses Interviewer 1: and I sure have a lot of glasses #1 I sure have # 596: #2 Yeah that's right. mm-hmm # Interviewer 1: have what? have bro- 596: yeah I have a number of glasses and if I keep on dropping 'em I won't have none {NW} Interviewer 1: No what I wanted you- I'm using the word #1 break I want to say I sure # 596: #2 Yes ma'am, yes break. # Interviewer 1: have done what to 'em I sure have bro- 596: I sure have broke my glasses. I sure have broke a heap of glasses. Interviewer 1: Right 596: yeah Interviewer 1: and I do 596: Mm Interviewer 1: If I ask you how much water ya drink 596: #1 Mm # Interviewer 1: #2 ya might # say well I 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: I what? 596: Well I drink to uh so many glasses of water in a day's time or something like that. Interviewer 1: Alright 596: Maybe somedays I drink more than do at others. Interviewer 1: and then you might turn around ask me how much have you 596: How much have you drank? Interviewer 1: #1 Alright # 596: #2 yeah # Interviewer 1: When you have uh your family here and the family's standing around waiting and dinner gets ready 596: yeah Interviewer 1: How do you tell them to come to the table? What do you say? I tell 'em to tell 'em dinner's ready. y'all make ready for dinner #1 Okay # 596: #2 or # come out to dinner or whatever I say to 'em like that Interviewer 1: Alright do you tell 'em to- you ever tell 'em to sit down or to draw up or anything like that? 596: No ma'am I just tell 'em that dinner's ready when they come to the table. I'd like them to have a seat round you take your seat Interviewer 1: I see 596: round the table Interviewer 1: Alright Uh somebody comes into the dining room and you ask him won't you sit 596: yeah won't you sit here or won't you wanna have a seat? Interviewer 1: alright so then he did what? 596: He sit down he had a seat #1 he sit down. # Interviewer 1: #2 Alright and # nobody was left standing #1 they had all # 596: #2 nobody left standing # #1 that's right everybody was sitting down # Interviewer 1: #2 they had all # Alright they had all sat 596: all-all sit down Interviewer 1: If you want someone if there's some potatoes on the table 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: and you want someone to go ahead #1 and get some you might # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer 1: say go ahead and do what? 596: yeah get the potatoes Interviewer 1: or help 596: or-or or help yourself to the potatoes yeah that's right Interviewer 1: Okay you ever hear people say take out for that instead of help yourself go ahead and take out? 596: No ma'am I never hardly use that word Interviewer 1: #1 Sometimes you'd find that in some parts in the country # 596: #2 Yeah. That's right. Yeah. # Interviewer 1: So you told him to help himself so he went ahead and 596: and helped himself Interviewer 1: alright Um if you decide not to eat something, and somebody offered you for example some blood pudding, Mm-hmm how would-if that-you know you want to be nice about it #1 how would # 596: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer 1: you refuse it? 596: I just no I thank ya I wouldn't care for any. Interviewer 1: alright 596: that's right I tell him I thank ya I wouldn't care for none Interviewer 1: Food that's cooked and served a second time 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer 1: #1 is # 596: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer 1: is what? 596: Well uh food cooked and served the same as Interviewer 1: its cooked and then y-you know ya eat it one #1 meal then you have it again # Interviewer 1: #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # You say its what? 596: It's cared over food. Interviewer 1: #1 Alright. # 596: #2 Would you call # it like that? Interviewer 1: That's fine. 596: yeah Interviewer 1: You put food in your mouth and then you begin to 596: begin to chew Interviewer 1: What is this southern food that's, it's especially known for being in the south, that's often served with eggs? It's made out of brown corn. {C: squeaking noise} 596: Uh cornbread. Interviewer 1: Uh no I'm thinking about something a little different this time. It's made out of brown corn, it's kind of like cereal. 596: cereal? Interviewer 1: It's white and you put butter on it 596: Uh-huh Ah we call it, wouldn't call it hominy would you? Interviewer 1: You could is- 596: hominy Interviewer 1: Now is hominy big or is it all ground up #1 real fine # 596: #2 it's ground up fine # hominy is fine yeah Interviewer 1: Would it be the same thing as grits do you think? 596: Yes ma'am well they're the same thing. Hominy and grits about the same thing. Interviewer 1: Okay 596: Cause hominy just a little bit coarser than grits Interviewer 1: Oh it is? 596: yes just a little bit coarser Interviewer 1: It's a little bit #1 coarser # 596: #2 yes ma'am # That's why it's called hominy. Interviewer 1: People use to make hominy #1 using # 596: #2 yeah # Interviewer 1: #1 lye didn't they? # 596: #2 that's right # Well yes ma'am and she use-she used to make what's called lye hominy. See that is grains of corn and they take it and put that lye and somebody shell down and get that husk off of it. Interviewer 1: Mm-hmm 596: Husk come off the corn and that there leave the kernel of the corn there and that's what-that's what they eat. But that-first husk they come get it off somehow or another why they {X} wash it off someway or another. Interviewer 1: You call that what? Lye- 596: Lye hominy Interviewer 1: I see 596: Lye hominy Interviewer 1: That's cause it was made with lye? 596: #1 yeah # Interviewer 1: #2 You sure? # Um there's another kind of a starchy vegetable that people eat. They eat it a lot in China comes in long grains. 596: Yes ma'am I don't I #1 may not # Interviewer 1: #2 ri- # 596: #1 # Interviewer 1: #2 # 596: May not know about that Interviewer 1: ri- Auxiliary: rice 596: rice? Interviewer 1: #1 Yeah that's what I # 596: #2 Oh # I thought you said rye. Oh I didn't know I #1 I-I-I # Interviewer 1: #2 I was just giving ya # 596: I wasn't thinking about China making or growing so much rice Interviewer 1: I was just kind of giving you the #1 first sound of the word trying to remind you # 596: #2 I yeah yeah yeah yeah # Oh I know rice. Yeah we use to have it in this part of the country #1 Yeah I {D:understood that} # Interviewer 1: #2 raised right here in this country # I didn't know that. 596: sure did Raised rice #1 right there # Interviewer 1: #2 Um # In fact that's probably what I should've asked but I you know I'm not used to being in a place where they grow rice 596: yeah Interviewer 1: Um what are some terms that you remember or that you know of that people used to talk about Whiskey-you know that's made by people that don't pay taxes on it 596: Well they call uh what you mean their whiskey they make? Interviewer 1: yeah 596: Bootleg whiskey? Interviewer 1: Ah {C: laughing} {NW} Now is that the kind they make off in a still somewhere? 596: Yes ma'am that's what it is. Interviewer 1: #1 Alright # 596: #2 And then # now if you were talking about just steal whiskey somewhere or whiskey I say oh bootleg whiskey that's what it is. Interviewer 1: They ever have anything else they call it, that you remember? 596: No let me see. I don't know I might ask about- Auxiliary: white lightning 596: I m- yeah white lightning and all that kind of ol' stuff different things. Interviewer 1: Okay um what about beer, that they made at home? 596: Well- Interviewer 1: What would they call that? 596: homebrew? Interviewer 1: {NW} 596: homebrew. Interviewer 1: and I'm getting some very good smells coming from the back part of the house so you might say {C: sniffing sound} just that, just #1 {C: sniffing sound} # 596: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer 1: If it really ya know if it really smell good #1 to you # 596: #2 yeah # Interviewer 1: ya might say to somebody #1 Just # 596: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer 1: #1 {C: sniffing sound} # 596: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer 1: #1 that just # 596: #2 Mm-hmm # Just {NW} well it smell good out you know what you would call that I- Interviewer 1: Would you say to somebody just take a whiff of that or 596: yeah Interviewer 1: smell that? 596: yeah yes yes that's right the scent of it or something Interviewer 1: What would you say? 596: I Oh I say oh come as I sure some- I smell something surely it smell good. {NW} Interviewer 1: Alright there's-you've-we've talked about this syrup. {D:It's something that they used to make out of cane} 596: yes ma'am that's right. Molasses what we call it In plain words molasses is syrup. Interviewer 1: It's same thing? 596: Yes ma'am they're the same thing. Interviewer 1: There's no difference in them at all? 596: No No Interviewer 1: Okay. Um if you talk about something-what of what's the-is-is there a kind of something like that that comes out of tree? {NS} 596: {X} But she made the bread. Interviewer: Oh I see, I see. Well I think after that description you gave for making bread I'd I'd at least make you made it one time. Oh my {X}. Yeah that is funny. {NW} Uh we're talking about weather. You know, we were just talking about it being hot. #1 I guess now is a good time to ask you about that. # 596: #2 You you. # Interviewer: #1 Oh thank you. I just might do that. # 596: #2 Can you? # Interviewer: Hey that feels good. Uh those white fluffy things up {NW} there in the sky are {NW}? They're what? 596: Uh we call them our uh thunderheads. Interviewer: Ah. 596: Yeah. Interviewer: And what does that usually mean? 596: Why thunderhead means thunder some time or another {X} but we call them thunderheads. Interviewer: #1 Thunderheads? # 596: #2 Yeah. # Interviewer: #1 Okay anything.. # 596: #2 Lakes are uh # Lakes are something like that. Yeah. Interviewer: Absolutely. If you if everything up in the sky were kind of black looking you might walk outside and say Mm I don't like the looks of those black... 596: Yeah. Why you'd be looking for a storm of something come up then. Interviewer: Um when it's been real sunshiney 596: #1 You know a real fair and happy day. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah yeah yeah. # And then all the sudden it gets dark. You'd say the weather is doing what? 596: It's changing. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Suppose it's the other way. Suppose you had been having a storm and all of the sudden it's the it began to get light again you'd say the weather is doing what? 596: Moderating. Interviewer: #1 Moderating? Okay. # 596: #2 Yeah. # Interviewer: On a uh nice day when there's very few clouds in the sky you know the sun's shining. You might say it sure is a what kind of day? 596: Ah a nice day. Interviewer: Yeah when it's when the sun shining you know and it's not too hot. 596: #1 The kind of day you'd like to be outside in. # Interviewer: #2 I I see. # You could say it sure is what kind of day? 596: A pleasant day. Interviewer: Alright. 596: A pleasant day. Interviewer: And the opposite kind of day when it's real dark and threatening and or cloudy you might say it's what kind of day? 596: Why we say uh we say it's we call it backwards weather. Interviewer: Hey that's interesting. What does that mean? 596: Well backwards we say well the weather's not it's not in our it's not in our favor {NW} Interviewer: Backwards weather. 596: Yeah we just had backwards weather. Interviewer: Oh I like that. Now that would look like what? 596: Well I don't know. it just it just. Interviewer: #1 Wouldn't be... # 596: #2 Would it be raining? # Well it would it's just in the rain or maybe sleet or snow or just do anything more. Interviewer: Just any kind of a 596: Yeah. Interviewer: Bad looking. 596: Yeah. That's right I turn any kind of way. Interviewer: I see. 596: We call that backwards weather. Interviewer: I see. um. If it is raining if you have a very heavy rain You know, hard rain, but it doesn't last very long. What do you call that? 596: Why if it rains and don't last long. Interviewer: uh-huh. It's real hard but 596: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 For just a few minutes. # 596: #1 Why we'd say. # Interviewer: #2 You'd say we had a real. # 596: We'd say we had a real hard rain but it didn't last long. Interviewer: {NW} Okay. Do you have a name for it though? Do you ever hear it called Oh you know something like a goose-drowner or some kind 596: Well sometimes if it's hard enough we call it a cloud burst. Interviewer: #1 Cloud burst? # 596: #2 if if # If it's not hard enough we won't call it that. We just say it was a moderate shower. We just say it was a big sh- sharp rain but it didn't last long. Interviewer: And if you say shower that means it doesn't last real long? 596: Yes. Interviewer: But it's not real hard. 596: No, that's right. Interviewer: Okay what about a rain. If you go outside and it's raining a little bit but not very much just a few drops. You'd say it's a? 596: What we say is we get a drizzle rain and then we call it a drizzle. Interviewer: And that. You'd it's drizzle. 596: Yessum. Interviewer: Uh what do you call a storm that has thunder and lightning? 596: Electric storm. Interviewer: #1 Alright we've had a lot of those lately. We have one # 596: #2 Yes ma'am. That's right. # Interviewer: every afternoon. 596: Yeah that's right. Electric storm. Interviewer: If the wind is coming from let's see I think from that direction you'd say the wind is? what? 596: High from the south we'd say back this way. Interviewer: Alright and suppose it was coming kind of that direction. 596: Well we kind of south east. Interviewer: Alright and about that 596: #1 direction. # Interviewer: #2 north uh # 596: South west. Interviewer: Alright and then that direction? 596: North east. Interviewer: And that 596: #1 direction? # Interviewer: #2 North west. # Which of the four directions do you get the most storms from? 596: Seem like get the most storms out of south west seem like. Interviewer: South west? 596: Yeah. Seem like to me they do. Might be wrong. Interviewer: Are there? Some people have said that they seem to come from one 596: #1 direction more than another # Interviewer: #2 yes yeah yeah. # Um if the wind was very high during the night you might say all night long the wind just? 596: Yeah. Mm-hmm. It just blew all night. The next morning it's kind of a moderate yeah. Interviewer: Alright if if the wind has been blowing really hard and then it starts to get less you'd say the wind is doing what? 596: Ceasing. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 596: #2 Yeah. # Interviewer: That wind was really bad but it has what even harder than that? That wind was bad but it has? 596: Let me see how would I fix that now? The wind was bad but it could be worse. Interviewer: {NW} Okay {NW} Auxillary: She said yes. Interviewer: Yeah um using the word blow 596: #1 Blow yeah. # Interviewer: #2 You'd say # The wind blew hard yesterday but it has... A lot harder than that. 596: Yeah well it has blew harder than that. Interviewer: Okay that heavy white mist that comes up out of the ground you know you walk outside and you cant you cant see across the road. \: Yeah. {C: 596 speaking but the program won't let me change it} Interviewer: That is? 596: Fog. Interviewer: And you might walk out and say look how... 596: Yeah that's fog it's gonna disappear. Interviewer: Or it sure is what this morning? 596: It sure is cleared up. Interviewer: No I'm talking about it being there. 596: #1 Yeah # Interviewer: #2 You say it sure is fo-? # 596: Foggy. Yeah. Interviewer: Alright. 596: Sure is foggy. Interviewer: If no rain comes for weeks and weeks you'd say we're having a real? 596: Drought. Interviewer: Alright if I said dry spell would that be less than... 596: Well it would be a dry spell. I'd use it about as well as saying a drought. Interviewer: No I like drought. {NW} but I'm trying to find out if if somebody I'm wondering if it you can have a dry spell for a certain length of time and then you know if it doesn't rain say if it went on if you if it hadn't rained for two weeks {NW} would that be a drought? 596: No, that would be no drought. Interviewer: What about three weeks? 596: Well it would begin to be dry then sure don't call it drought but two weeks... well it it's not really some time we can hardly stand two weeks some time if the if the plants use the water and all the sudden it quit and right at the time the plants are trying to make why two weeks is a pretty good while see now got you a rain each week we think we think it'd do better but we never know when to think that Interviewer: #1 yeah # 596: #2 I see. # Interviewer: Does it rain does it get dry here very much? 596: No. Yes I m- at times it do but this year we haven't had no long drought this year. The longest we had was back there in June I think. Ah wasn't it about well about three weeks. We haven't had no long drought this year. Interviewer: It must rain fairly much then. 596: Yeah. Interviewer: Yeah um we were talking about the wind a minute ago and I asked you the question about if it had been blowing real 596: #1 hard you'd say it was ceasing. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah, yeah. # Suppose it hadn't been blowing at all and then it started to blow you'd say the wind is doing what? 596: Rising. Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 596: #2 Yeah. # Interviewer: And thinking about that word you just said the wind is rising. 596: Yeah it's rising. Interviewer: What do you say the sun does in the morning? 596: Why sun rises. Interviewer: Alright do you ever say comes up? 596: Why sometimes we say the sun's coming up. Yeah mostly we say the sun rising. Interviewer: Alright and you'd say thinking about that. 596: Yeah. Interviewer: You'd say every morning we go out to work before 596: Before the sun rise. Interviewer: #1 Or before the sun come up. # 596: #2 Alright and then. # Interviewer: #1 Yeah. # 596: #2 Okay and... # Interviewer: we work until... 596: The sun go down. Used to do it, don't now. Interviewer: Well {NW} Do you ever call that sundown? 596: Yessum. Sunset. Interviewer: #1 Sunset, that's be what you'd say probably? # 596: #2 Yeah. Yeah. # Sunset. Interviewer: I'm gonna work 'til sunset. 596: Yeah. Interviewer: Or I did. Um what kind of weather would it be in the fall... There's a big car. 596: Yeah it sure is. Interviewer: Um in the fall you know there are some pretty days that come where the sun's shining and the weather is nice and cool and you say it's the kind of weather you like to be outside in. 596: Yeah. Interviewer: You'd say um this morning it's rather... 596: Um it's the weather's yet pretty. Interviewer: It's pretty yeah. 596: Yeah we why we say this morning the weather is beautiful. Interviewer: #1 I guess we'd say we use it like that # 596: #2 I guess I'm not asking that very well # Interviewer: What I'm thinking about is an expression like uh the weather is brisk 596: #1 {D: or chilly or snapey or airish or} # Interviewer: #2 yeah yeah that more that's right, yeah. # 596: Yeah. Interviewer: Which one? What would you be like? 596: Sometime if it it's a little cooler than usual. We say it's kinda snappy this morning. We say. Interviewer: {NW} Good. Good. If it was cold enough to kill your tomatoes and your flowers you might say last night we had a... 596: A cold night or we had a freeze last night. Interviewer: Alright and uh talking about that white stuff you know that comes #1 appears # 596: #2 uh frost. # Yeah. Interviewer: Alright is there a frost that will kill and one that won't? 596: Well according with how the weather'd be now a moon shining night all night. Frost don't do much killing. But now if it's a dark night it'll kill it or if it's a wet night. You know just like it rain that day and throughout the night cold why come a frost that night it'll kill most anything. Interviewer: I see. Would that be a killing frost? 596: That what you call a killing frost. Interviewer: Alright and would you call the other one any kind of 596: #1 frost a certain kind or just a frost? # Interviewer: #2 No no ma'am now the white # 596: moonlight night we call it a jack frost but it didn't hurt nothing much Interviewer: I see. 596: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Have you ever # heard the terms white frost and black frost? 596: Yessum I heard that. Interviewer: What does that refer to? 596: Well I uh black frost it mean I think it's just like I was talking about a while ago it's just all a sudden it come up after a rain or something like that and clear out all. And they call that a black frost. Yeah. Interviewer: Does it kill? 596: Yes ma'am that's killing. Interviewer: That's a killing? 596: Yeah that's a killing frost. Interviewer: I see. 596: Yeah. Interviewer: Um it was so cold last night the lake did what? 596: Higher than I? Interviewer: It was so cold last night that our lake? {NW} what? Did what? 596: Let me see it was so cold last night. That I'd like to freeze or froze or something like that. Interviewer: Yeah would you ever say froze over? 596: Yessum I'd say I liked it. I'd say if it cold That I thought I would freeze Interviewer: #1 or something like that # 596: #2 Well I'm thinking about water right now. # Interviewer: Say you have a pond. 596: Yessum. Interviewer: Okay would you ever say it was so cold last night that the pond froze over? 596: Yessum that's right. Interviewer: Well now I'm trying to kind out if froze over means all really all the way across or just around the edges? 596: Well... Interviewer: If you had just you know like a little skim of ice around the edges would you ever say froze over? 596: No'm that wouldn't be froze over. That'd be froze but it wouldn't be froze over. That'd be froze in part. But it wouldn't be froze over. Interviewer: Okay froze over means 596: {NW} all over the whole pond. Froze over. Yeah. But now you see ice around the edges, which it will freeze around the edges first well that's, that just froze. But it didn't freeze over. Interviewer: Okay and uh the room in some houses people have a special room where they my goodness what's that? He's just a little kid isn't he? 596: Yessum that's right he riding though. Interviewer: {NW} I don't think that's too safe {NW}. In some houses they have a room where they entertain company. 596: Yeah. Interviewer: You know you'll have a special room. 596: Yeah. Interviewer: And you know we were talking about in your house 596: #1 House right I see # Interviewer: #2 that that they had the # bedroom back in the old days {NW} but now what did they what would they have now? 596: Oh just a room they call it a I forget so much when I'm at my age slipped up on me Interviewer: I don't think you've forgotten anything. I don't know what you're excusing yourself for. 596: Uh uh living room. Interviewer: #1 Okay that # 596: #2 That we call living room. # Interviewer: Living room. 596: Yeah. Interviewer: Alright. 596: That's what I was trying to say the whole time but I didn't got. It got away from me. Interviewer: You haven't forgotten a thing I don't know what in the world you're excusing yourself for. You remem- remember more than I do. about from yesterday um But the house that that you grew up in. 596: #1 People didn't have just a house # Interviewer: #2 No they didn't have living room # 596: #1 couldn't have extra room # Interviewer: #2 anywhere # 596: Anywhere in there was living room. Anywhere you could get to living. Interviewer: {NW} That's right. {NW} Okay um if something happened on this exact day last year you might say it happened exactly 596: One year ago. Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 596: #2 That's right. # Interviewer: You move over here where I was alright we were talking about um syrup and you might say that's not imitation syrup it's 596: Pure syrup. Interviewer: Or it's gen- 596: Genuine syrup. Interviewer: Alright in the old days sugar used to be sold loose 596: #1 mm-hmm that's right. # Interviewer: #2 And you say it was sold in # 596: #1 in # Interviewer: #2 what in # 596: In pound packages you in book uh in book packages. Interviewer: Okay and that was referring to it was loose. What do you have on the table usually to season food with? 596: Well salt as most things. Season most anything with salt. Anything that needs salt in it. Yeah you can just hardly eat it without the salt being in it. Interviewer: Okay you usually have two shakers there. 596: Yessum salt and pepper. Interviewer: Alright. If there's a bowl of fruit on the table and there's an apple there and a child wants an apple he might say to his mother Mama gi-- 596: Give me an apple that what he'd say. Interviewer: Alright. 596: Any more he would say give me an orange give me the apple. Interviewer: {NW} Alright um if you have {NW} pardon me if you have a lot of peach trees for example or apple trees you'd say you have an apple what? 596: An apple tree. Interviewer: Yeah a lot of them in a group would be a 596: Uh you mean to say uh Interviewer: A group of 'em together you'd have um Mrs.{B} referred to hers one day to me she had a bunch of uh pecan trees and she said she had a pecan 596: Oh you orchard. That's what you was talking about. Interviewer: #1 Yeah that's what I was thinking of. # 596: #2 Orchard. Orchard yeah. # Interviewer: Oh do they have any maple trees around here? 596: No. Not no maple trees around here. Interviewer: You wouldn't know a name then possibly for a group of maple trees. 596: No'm I sure wouldn't. Interviewer: Inside a cherry talking about now fruits inside a cherry there's a little hard thing that you don't eat. 596: That's right yeah. That's the seed. Interviewer: And the inside of a peach? 596: The seed the kernel. Interviewer: #1 We call it... yeah that's the kernel. # 596: #2 That's the kernel? # Interviewer: Alright um inside an apple. 596: Why they have the small the small seeds in that. Interviewer: The part you throw away. 596: Oh that's a core of the apple. Interviewer: Alright there are two real kinds of peaches based on how they, how the seeds are. 596: Yeah. Uh I mean different kind of peaches Interviewer: Yeah two different kinds not talking about varieties. 596: no. Interviewer: But two kinds talking about how easy it is to get the seeds out. 596: {D: Why oh you mean the clair seed. We call it clair seed.} and the clingstone. Interviewer: Yeah that's what I was thinking of. {D: Now the clair seed is the} 596: One that you burst open and the seed pre- yeah Interviewer: comes right out. 596: Right yeah. Interviewer: Did you ever cut up any apples or peaches and lay them outside to dry? 596: Yes ma'am. Interviewer: What do you call those? 596: Dried apples or dried peaches. Interviewer: They ever call 'em snips in this part of town? 596: Yessum or they call them maybe they call them something like that yeah. You have to get 'em dry. Of course more so we just call them dried apples and dried peaches. Yeah. Interviewer: What about the kind of nuts that you pull up out of the ground and roast? are what? 596: yeah that's peanuts. Interviewer: Alright any other names for those? 596: {D: Pindars. {NW} Googlers.} Interviewer: If you went to the store to buy them what would you expect them to be called? 596: Peanuts. Interviewer: Right. 596: Yeah. Interviewer: Alright um There's another. What kind of nuts do they have around here let me ask that question 596: Uh you mean Interviewer: Just that grow around here nuts. 596: Well we have peanuts and in this part of the country that's about all they grow around here Growing pecans or like they have pecans and a few why no no walnuts you don't find no walnuts in this part of the country. And hickory nuts a few of them. That's not like it used to be. Interviewer: There's another kind of nut that you find at 596: #1 Christmas a lot of times little flat. # Interviewer: #2 chestnut. # 596: Oh it's an almond. Interviewer: Alright do they they don't 596: #1 grow around here # Interviewer: #2 no ma'am no ma'am. # Oh a walnut when you start to get down to the goody the first thing you have to take off is a soft 596: You gotta take off that all that hull often a walnut you take the hull off first then better be sure to dry when you do that Interviewer: Really? 596: Yessum because when you go to bust into it why uh you can't stand all that. Interviewer: Mm. Uh the uh then the hard part that you actually take the hull off then there's a hard part that's the 596: That's right yeah. Interviewer: That's the um {NW} 596: uh what's you call it the meat of it's in that hard part Interviewer: Yeah what's the hard part called? 596: I don't know who to ask that I don't know I don't know whether you call that a shell well that first thing you take off is a hull I reckon. And the next is the shell. Interviewer: Okay and then you go to the goody. 596: That's right. Interviewer: Alright there's a kind of fruit about it's kind of the size of an apple only the skin is kind of like a lemon you squeeze them to get juice out. 596: Well that's a lime yeah I reckon. Interviewer: No it's bigger than a lemon or a lime. It's not a grapefruit but you squeeze it to get juice. 596: Well I don't know let me see you talking about an orange Interviewer: Yes that's what I'm talking about. 596: {X} I started to say I don't know where you're going with it. Interviewer: If the uh if mrs.{B} sent you to the store to get some and you didn't find any there you'd come home and say well I didn't buy any became the oranges were all 596: Well they's all gone or they's all out. Interviewer: Do you know something I think we're gonna have another rain. 596: It's gonna be a shower baby. Yep right back there sure is. It's coming. Interviewer: Sure is isn't it Uh what kind of vegetables do you grow in your garden here 596: Well first thing I'm gonna think about okra. beans different kind of beans butter beans pole beans collards wild tomatoes and uh maybe turnips mustards just anything like that Interviewer: okay good um you've mentioned tomatoes is there a special name for those tiny little tomatoes? 596: Yessum those little old we uh oh I we call 'em little old what now? Plum tomatoes we call them plum tomatoes. Interviewer: Plum tomatoes yes. 596: That rain done got ya. Your glasses... Interviewer: Oh I do have my {X} out there too 596: Got here quick. Interviewer: Sure did. I been wasting your` time. 596: No we just we just come on back. Interviewer: What would you call this thing? 596: A quick shower. Interviewer: Okay. 596: This a quick shower. Interviewer: Very emphasis on the quick. 596: Yep that's right. Quick shower. Interviewer: I guess I need my sunglasses anymore do I? 596: I didn't have any time to run my glasses up like you. {D} Interviewer: Yeah mine's out there getting wet but I'll just let it get wet and dry it off. 596: Mm-hmm I see. Interviewer: I don't think this is gonna last 596: No'm I don't think oh look at the flowers broken all back here you come right back here Interviewer: Did you ever hear those little tiny tomatoes called tiny toes? 596: Yessum yes. Interviewer: {D: Are they smaller than a floam tomato?} 596: No you ask me about the size no You'll hear some of them a little smaller than others little old tomatoes. These sour than the others these too. Interviewer: Is it? 596: Yeah these got a lot of acid in them. Interviewer: Ah. It's a kind of vegetable that grows underground and when you um chop it up sometimes it makes you cry. 596: Um artichoke? Interviewer: No this is uh um some of them are big and some of them are little when you slice them they sometimes make you cry sometimes. 596: You ain't talking about Irish potatoes? Interviewer: No but I am going to ask you about those. What are the two kinds of potatoes? 596: Well uh one is called a triumph. And the other one's uh A white potato I don't know what you call that You about to get wet ain't ye? Interviewer: No I'm doing fine just as good. Are you? 596: No'm I just know the water comes Interviewer: It's just running across here I'm not getting wet in fact it feels good. uh the um I'm thinking about another kind of potato other than an Irish potato. 596: A sweet potato. Interviewer: Yeah now um Did you ever hear a special name for a sweet potato that had a kind of a dark purple skin? 596: Yessum Yes I hardly forget the name of it now you take your um sweet potato {X} then have a Puerto Rican triumph and all like that you know Interviewer: I see. What's a yam? 596: Well there's different kind of yams you know. Interviewer: Are they different from sweet potatoes? 596: No'm they all the same. They's all sweet potatoes but they've just got a different name. Interviewer: I think but if I said yams and sweet potatoes in general would be the same thing 596: Yeah. Some's yellow yams some's white. some's kind of a a kind of an orange color. But they all sweet potatoes Interviewer: They are. 596: Y'all all sweet potatoes now. Interviewer: okay um there's a little red vegetable that people sometimes put in salads. When you bite into them they kinda burn your tongue 596: You talking about peppers? Interviewer: {D: no this is round and red.} grows underground. 596: Under the ground? Interviewer: Beg your pardon? 596: They actually grow under the ground? Interviewer: Yes sir. 596: That might be something we don't grow in this town. Interviewer: Oh I bet you do. Radish? 596: Radish exactly. (NW) Radish. Interviewer: You do grow them. 596: That's right we grow radish yeah. oh dear. Interviewer: I still haven't found out about th one that has the strong odor. and it um makes tears come to your eyes when you slice them sometimes people cook them or fry them with liver 596: Let me see. One thing. Do we grow that here too? Interviewer: I don't. I would think so. You can put 'em you start them out with sets 596: Oh onions. Interviewer: Ah-ha. 596: Onion oh yeah. Interviewer: #1 Oh yeah that's right # 596: #2 {D: It was the set that did it didn't it} # And onions you cry in the eyes. They sure will make you cry in the eyes. Interviewer: What would those little onions, you know the little ones the little ones that have the green tops You eat some of the green, what what are those 596: They multiply. Interviewer: Yeah what how do you what do you call those 596: Well they just little onion it it grow up there and it get up there so far it makes a bud them onion might flower right there on top of it Interviewer: When you're talking about growing those do you call them though green onions or spring onions or 596: I guess so. Yeah but they have to get up so high the others make another bunch of onions you see multiplying onions Interviewer: Did you ever hear the uh term evergreen onions? 596: Yessum evergreens. Interviewer: What is that 596: No ma'am evergreen onion is just a green onion and it stays green might well say year round it would it gets so hot you know it would stay green they stay green longer than the average onion would Interviewer: And this how big is the onion part 596: Well it don't get it's kind of a long onion It's gonna be that big around but he's long got long roots Interviewer: I see. 596: Yeah got long roots. Interviewer: Do you ever eat any of the top of it? 596: Yes we eat the top of it Yeah it would be pretty good very good. Interviewer: Alright um if you leave an apple lying around You'll say that the skin of that apply will what 596: Will rot Interviewer: Or before that it'll get it will 596: It will shrivel up or ruin like this Interviewer: Alright fine uh have you ever heard of the pie plant? 596: What kind of plant? Interviewer: A pie plant. 596: A pie plant pie plant Interviewer: That bring anything to your mind? 596: Pie plant. I might have or or or you grew a small plant Interviewer: Uh I don't know I just ran across the term and uh nobody knew if it was another name for something else or or it was something you grew apparently 596: No a pie plant it ain't nothing to that I don't think. We call them we call them sheeps (X) The little ol' plant just grow about just grow in the ground a little old Interviewer: About six inches high or so 596: Yeah something like that and little old spotty leaves looks like a leaf and them little leaves is sour Interviewer: They are? Do they have a fruit on it? 596: No it don't have no fruit on it. And some call them um people make pies out of them you know Interviewer: Pies out of what? The leaves? 596: Them little leaves out from under that little plant Interviewer: Really, now what did you call that? 596: We call them sheep soil Interviewer: Sheep soil 596: Yeah sheep soil it might be just we shouldn't before we heard that we didn't know any better we'd just say it Interviewer: Well that's what I'm looking for that 596: Sheep soil Interviewer: And they they cook the leaves? 596: Yessum and it is sour as any kind of just as sour as a quince Interviewer: Ma'am {X} doing it used to be fine to eat really? Eat the leaves raw? 596: Yeah that's right. Interviewer: Uh let's see there's another kind of vegetable I don't remember your mentioning it but um there's some what are some leafy vegetables that come in heads 596: Uh cabbage, lettuce and um Interviewer: Okay if you were gonna describe the fact that you had um the cabbage in your garden and you were gonna talk about how big they were you'd say those 596: Those cabbages X I got some cabbages out there the biggest ones the heads of 'em as big as my head or something like that Interviewer: Okay. I noticed you just used the expression and I use it a lot too out yonder 596: Yeah that's right that's right Interviewer: You're thinking about yonder 596: Yeah out yonder Interviewer: Could you say my car is out yonder Would that sound right. 596: Well it wouldn't sound right but we could use it like that out yonder well it that would be alright Interviewer: okay um if I ask you where Mrs. lives like I did you could say that she lives Would you say she lives right up yonder? 596: Yessum I'd say she lives right up yonder in that house the next house up there Interviewer: Okay would you ever use yonder to talk about something real close to you? like say this plant right here 596: #1 That's about four feet away from you. Would you ever say that plant right yonder? # Interviewer: #2 No. No. # 596: Well I would say it like that maybe yeah. Interviewer: Talking about that one you'd say that plant right yonder 596: Yeah. Interviewer: Like that to point it out. 596: yeah. Interviewer: Alright I was trying to figure out you know how far yonder might be \: Well that's right because it's made you you know {C: 596 speaking but the program won't let me change it} 596: It could be right at you or something like that right yonder. Interviewer: What about saying in Brookhaven? Would you say over yonder in Brookhaven or down yonder in Brookhaven? 596: Well I'd say over in Brookhaven. Interviewer: You would, you wouldn't think yonder 596: No I wouldn't be I wouldn't say over yonder Interviewer: Okay. 596: That's over in Brookhaven. Interviewer: Would yonder be something maybe if it's out of your sight? uh like say well I don't know how to say it but Say there's a house up that road because there probably is but you can't see it from here. Would you ever say that house up yonder? 596: Yessum say it like that. Interviewer: Even though you couldn't see the house? 596: But I'd be telling you that house up yonder beyond those trees up yonder Interviewer: I see okay that's fine uh The things I get let's see which way when you're talking about where something is now you said over in Brookhaven right and you say I'm thinking about up down over you know 596: And out and all that yeah. Interviewer: Uh huh where would I what's out? From here. 596: Well let's see. Interviewer: I don't know the places around here so it's kind of hard for me to say. You said Mrs.{B} house would be up yonder And would around this road up there be up yonder too? 596: That's right anybody up yonder from here to where you turn yeah. {NW} Interviewer: {D: Uh what about Bubbachetta. If someone was in Bubbachetta you'd say he?} 596: {D: We we we say down in Bubbachetta.} Interviewer: {D: Down in Bubbachetta?} 596: {D: Down to Bubbachetta.} {D: It's down from here. it's between here and McComb.} {D: We say down in Bubbachetta.} Interviewer: Alright what about Jackson? 596: We say up. Up in Jackson. Interviewer: okay. That's right. 596: Out in Monticello. Interviewer: Out in Monticello? 596: Yeah out in Monticello. Interviewer: Which way's Monticello from here? 596: It's east from here. Interviewer: #1 Yeah # 596: #2 East from here is out # South-East like yeah Interviewer: #1 I see. Monticello. Out in Monticello. # 596: #2 Out in Monticello. # Interviewer: Is there anything else you'd be out in? How's summit? Summit would be where?` 596: It down. Interviewer: #1 Down in summit. # 596: #2 Down in summit. Uh. # Interviewer: What about um 596: Weston up at Weston. Weston. Interviewer: Weston's up this way? 596: Yeah that's right yeah. It's up it's just like going to Jackson all time on the road. Interviewer: I see. {D: Uh what about Hattiesburg?} 596: {D: Well that's out. Out in Hattiesburg.} Interviewer: And Laurel? 596: Out in Laural that's right that's right. Interviewer: I see so things going back East tend to be out. 596: Out that's right. Interviewer: Alright now talking about things though just in this area. Does it have anything to do with whether they're you know up a hill from you you know you said around here everything seems to be up 596: Yessum that's right. Interviewer: Is there anything higher really than 596: #1 right here. # Interviewer: #2 Yessum yessum around here most # 596: We well this house is is kind of a is kind of sitting in kind of a low place and any way you leave this house you kinda going upgrade this way uh this way uh maybe any way Course no roads go up that way but still it's upgrade any way you leave this house. not this you is going at due south back that way. Interviewer: I see. Alright um you mentioned beans. When you want to get beans out of pods you have to do what to them? 596: Why you have to shell 'em if you're gonna get them out of the pods. Interviewer: Uh you mentioned butter beans. Are they the same as lima beans? 596: Yessum butter bean is a lima. Butter bean is a quite butter bean is called a lima bean quite butter bean. Interviewer: And what do they call those yellow green beans? You know those string beans? 596: Yessum. uh that's right. Maybe Kentucky wonders or maybe a crease back. Or something like that. Interviewer: They're all varieties of what kind of beans? 596: Um. You mean what variety are they? Interviewer: Yeah they're all varieties. But you'd say talking about them just generally you'd say they're all what? 596: All yessum they's all varieties of beans that mean different kinds. Interviewer: Would you just say beans or would you say snap beans? 596: #1 While we would say # Interviewer: #2 Or string beans or green beans # 596: If we was talking about pole beans we'd say pole beans That way you've got they run up on a pole. Interviewer: beans or you get green beans on. 596: Well that's pole. Pole butter beans you say. Yeah and there's pole string beans. And they're bush string beans. Bush. You know the little old bush by the house. Well now that's... Interviewer: You'd call those bush string beans? 596: yessum that's right. bush string beans. but the string bean but it's still the bush bean it don't. instead of reaching up you've gotta reach down to get it. Interviewer: NW. Uh you take the tops of turnips. and cook 'em and you make a mess of. The tops of turnips. 596: Yes that's right. {X} before they get them the roots on 'em they call them uh salad. Yeah. The salad farm. Before the roots is on 'em. When they get the roots on they call them turnips. At the same time it's a turnip from the beginning. but you just call 'em turnips as they get the root on 'em. Interviewer: I see. 596: Yeah that's right. Interviewer: When you're talking about lettuce. you know to think that it comes in a head. if you've got two bunches of lettuce you'd say you've got two what of lettuce? 596: Two two heads of lettuce. Interviewer: Do you ever hear anyone use that expression about children? I've got three head of children. Anyone you ever use that or hear anything? 596: Well folks usually say I've got I got three head like that they don't really You could have said I've got three children. instead of i got three head they got bodies too. Interviewer: NW Would sir have you ever heard anybody say I got three head referring to children? 596: Well I've heard them say I got three head. They got the whole body. Interviewer: If somebody has a lot of children you might say he has a whole what of children? 596: I think he got a whole group of children. Interviewer: Okay what about a word that begins with a p. he's got a whole p- of kids? 596: Oh I- Interviewer: Or children. 596: I don't know. You can call children so much different thing you Interviewer: You ever use I got a whole passel of children? 596: yessum that's right yeah. Interviewer: Oh I just wondered if you would ever use that. 596: No'm I never did use that word. I just say he got a whole bunch of children I'd say. Interviewer: okay. 596: Got a bunch of children. Interviewer: Talking about corn. the stuff on the outside of an ear of corn are the 596: That's the shuck. With enclosed air shuck. Interviewer: Alright and what's the kind of corn you eat on the cob? 596: Well that's uh sweet corn we call it that's uh it's sweet corn we call that sweet corn. Interviewer: Did you ever hear that called roasting? 596: Yeah roasting yeah. Yeah roasting yeah. Interviewer: Same thing. 596: Same thing. Interviewer: Ever hear of mutton corn? 596: No'm I don't believe I did hear no mutton corn. Interviewer: The top of a corn stalk is the? 596: see the top? Interviewer: The top of the corn stalk. 596: Well the top of the corn which tosses the toss would be at the top Interviewer: Alright and there's some stringy stuff on the ear of the corn that you have to brush off? 596: Ah that's silk. Interviewer: Alright. Uh there's a large round vegetable or fruit I don't know which that children at Halloween make Jack-o-Lanterns out of. That is a.. 596: that's an old pumpkin. Interviewer: And there's a small yellow crook-necked vegetable. 596: Yeah that's old squash you eat the cushion off Interviewer: okay they're not the same thing? 596: No. No. Interviewer: What kind of melons do you raise around here? 596: uh Watermelons. Yes it is. What you call jar of the rattlesnake and anything like that. {B} collectively sweet and. Or that good kind we use late out of date now. Congo. And all sorts of this and that Interviewer: Do they ever have ones that are yellow on the inside? 596: Yes ma'am yellow-meat watermelons. Interviewer: Are they good? 596: They're good. Really better than the red meat melons. Interviewer: Are they? 596: Sure enough. Interviewer: Uh what about uh uh a kind of melon that had a kind of uh yellow skin on the outside? 596: A mush-melon, mush-melon. Interviewer: Alright. 596: Yeah cantaloupes. Interviewer: Are they the same things? mush-melons and cantaloupes? 596: Yes ma'am about the same thing. Of course a cantaloupe is a little old round melon about as big as uh little bigger than a grapefruit. and a cantaloupe is um I mean a mush-melon uh pretty good size but a cantaloupe thats a little something like a grapefruit. That's a cantaloupe. Interviewer: Are they the same color? 596: yessum bout the same. 'Bout the same color. But one a mush-melon just grow bigger than a canta- than the cantaloupe. Interviewer: Have you ever heard of a pine melon? 596: Yessum I Interviewer: What are they? I just ran across them 596: It ain't nothing to them much. It look like a watermelon they got you fooled you think you cut a watermelon you can't stick a knife in it Interviewer: {D: Somebody said you have to use an axe to split 'em.} 596: Why they do is chop 'em over there you got to chop 'em or you ain't got nothing. Interviewer: Why would you want to chop it open? 596: Well it's. Well they say they make pie out of them but I eh. Yeah I wouldn't make pie. Interviewer: What's what do they look like on the inside? 596: Well they look like a watermelon, green watermelon. Interviewer: You mean they're g- the inside if green? 596: Yes when the watermelon not ripe. Well it look like watermelon not ripe you know. you see it's just white inside just like a but it ain't no it ain't no... Interviewer: Does it grow wild or do people.. 596: no there's folk they plant 'em they raise 'em pine melon. You see a patch of them you think you see got a patch of watermelon but it ain't a thing but pine melon. Interviewer: Pine melons? 596: You can't bust one hardly, you just can't bust one. I ain't got no need for 'em. Interviewer: I get it anything you can't eat like. 596: No'm I hmm-mm. Interviewer: Uh there's something that springs up out in the in the yard after it's rained you know little things little small things that are white and kind of umbrella shaped. 596: Mushroom. Interviewer: Ah is there anything else you call, what do you call the kind you can't eat? 596: We used to call them frog stools we used to call them. I don't know what they was now we named them frog stools. Interviewer: now can you eat mushrooms? 596: Well they say that some people in Atlanta eat 'em but I don't know. I ain't never eat no mushroom. They say they're good they they say I don't know they may they cook um some kinda way but I don't know I don't. Interviewer: Alright now if you saw one out in your yard you think you'd be more likely to call it a frog stool or a mushroom? 596: Well we and a mush a mushroom come up anywhere out there a little mushroom come up if you want to see them other thing you just oh I don't know it would take your time to grow. It won't grow up overnight like a mushroom will. Interviewer: Oh they won't. 596: No they uh grow along slow and then they get hard there. And you can hardly {X}. Interviewer: How big are they? Are they bigger than mushrooms? 596: Yes ma'am bigger than mushrooms. Interviewer: Do they grow on trees ever? 596: No'm they generally you see them grow around in the ground. Around next to an old bush or old stump or something. Like that. Interviewer: I see. 596: Yeah. Yeah they sort of like if you ever used to see a a stirrup where you from people used to step up in a buggy you might never seen no buggies I don't know. Interviewer: Only in movies as I recall. 596: Yeah. Why to have a stirrup we'd step up onto a buggy. Well old frog stool grow up on something like that. It got a stem on it. it got a kinda hollow thing in it yeah. Interviewer: I see. 596: You don't see that now though. You used to see it a long time ago. Interviewer: I think maybe we had one in our back year once. Because my son took it to school and it was about this high. And it had a pretty thick stem on it. 596: Yeah. Interviewer: It was a big heavy thing. 596: Yeah they grow like that sometimes. Interviewer: Um if a man had a sore throat so the inside of his throat was all swollen. You'd say uh he couldn't eat that piece of milk- meat because he couldn't... he could chew it but he couldn't... 596: But he couldn't swallow. Interviewer: Alright. {NW}. Alright. {NW}. What two things do people smoke mostly? Not pipes but two other things? 596: A cigarette? And um Cigar. Interviewer: Alright um. If someone offers to do you a favor you say Well I appreciate that but I don't wanna be... 596: You say well I appreciate that offer but I don't care for what you're offering me. Maybe offer you a maybe you didn't smoke or something. They offer you a cigarette or cigar or something. Well I think just the same or I just don't care for the cigars you got. Interviewer: Alright I'm thinking more about an expression you might use when somebody offers to do something for you. 596: Yeah. Interviewer: But you don't want to have to pay them back. You might say well thank you but I don't wanna be 596: Well I'd say this Thank you for your kindness or maybe like that but I can make out without you or something like that. Interviewer: Alright would you ever say I don't wanna be obligated or 596: Well that's right you could say it like that yeah. Interviewer: How are you likely to say it? 596: Well I'll be alright I just don't wanna be obligated. Well you know you were the one telling me you didn't wanna be obligated telling 'em like this. Interviewer: Yeah I guess that's something maybe you don't want to say. 596: Yes. {NW}. Interviewer: Alright did you ever hear the the older people use beholden? 596: Yessum. Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Beholden instead of obligated. 596: Yeah that's right they show you what I ain't gonna be or I ain't beholden to him or like that yeah I hear them use that word. Interviewer: Alright uh and something else you might say to someone when you're thanking them you might say th- to make it you know a little bit more than just thank you. You might say well uh thank you I much I'm much uh 596: Much obliged. Interviewer: Alright. Alright. Um. Someone might say to you Will you do that? And you might say no I... 596: Then I would say no I won't do that. Interviewer: Alright if you had to do something all yourself that was hard to do and a friend was standing there watching you but he didn't help you {NW} Well you might get a little mad at him and you might turn around and say... Well instead of standing around there you might 596: You didn't loan no helping hand you just stood around you seen I was couldn't hardly make it and you didn't offer to help me. Interviewer: Alright if someone asks you about doing something you might say I'm not sure but I 596: I'll try. Interviewer: Alright do you ever use might could? 596: Yessum I might can I might could but I'll try then they say it sometimes. Don't say you'll try. Just say you're going to do so and so I say well I don't know what I'm gonna do. {NW} But I will if I can. Interviewer: What kind of bird that can see in the dark? 596: Owl. Interviewer: Alright are there several kinds of those? 596: Yeah some of them is horned own and screech owl and and uh thats about all I know. Interviewer: And what's the big kind that goes who who who? 596: That's a horned owl. Interviewer: That's the horned owl? 596: Yeah horned owl. Interviewer: Alright have you ever heard let's see the the the other kind was the what? 596: #1 The shivering owl. We call it the shivering. {D} # Interviewer: #2 The which owl? Yeah. # yeah I was gonna ask about that expression. 596: Yeah little old little old screech owl. Interviewer: And they're the same thing? 596: Yeah a little old screech owl and a shivering owl they about the same thing. They uh they uh fly around over your head and snap and move on like that but he ain't gonna bother you but then he may pretend like he gone do do something to you. Interviewer: Is there any kind of a superstition about those shivering owls? 596: Well what they say. Interviewer: What do they say? 596: Well they say when you hear a shivering owl holler come by that is something gonna happen to you or that kind of stuff you know. Interviewer: I take it you're not too superstitious. 596: No'm. {NW}. No. I generally when one come around me like that I make something happen to them pretty quick. Interviewer: Oh. {NW}. Oh my. What kind of bird drills holes in trees? 596: Ah that's a pecker wood. Interviewer: Alright are there ki- different kinds of those? 596: Yessum. There's different kinds. Interviewer: Uh what is that great big one? 596: That's a yellow hammer. No it ain't uh uh {D: henwood we call him.} Interviewer: {D: A henwood?} 596: {D: Henwood.} Interviewer: Now is this? What what does he look like? 596: Why he's a long he's a some got a top knot. with a long beard long legs and... Interviewer: Has he got a red head? 596: Yessum a red head. Yeah that {D: That's what we we call henwoods.} Interviewer: {D: A henwood?} 596: {D: And or a ginnywood hen.} Interviewer: {D: A ginnywood hen?} 596: {D: Ginnywood hen. That's right.} Interviewer: {D: Hmm. I've gotta write that down.} I hadn't heard that one before. 596: {D: A ginnywood hen.} Interviewer: {D: A ginnywood hen.} 596: That's right. We might have made that name but that's what we've always called it. Interviewer: That's a good thing. I heard someone up around Jackson tell me that they referred to that big one as the lord god. 596: #1 Well our folks call. Yessum I heard that. # Interviewer: #2 Have y'all heard that expression? # 596: I sure heard them saying one. Interviewer: Have you? 596: Yeah. Interviewer: #1 I've heard that. # 596: #2 Ma'am. # Auxillary: We call 'em good gods. Interviewer: Good gods? Auxillary: Tell you to remember always good you say well {X} {D}. Good gods. 596: And that and that little old one that gets on the house and pick away {NW} on the house. That's a woodpecker. Interviewer: That's a woodpecker? 596: That's a red-headed woodpecker. got them little tip on his wing. White tips on his wing. That's it. Interviewer: A a woodpecker and a pecker wood then are two different things? 596: No I thats about it. Well no, that's right. A woodpecker. And it and it little yellow hammer he pecks wood too. Interviewer: #1 He does? Is he a kind of woodpecker? # 596: #2 Yessum. # Interviewer: #1 Yessum he pecks wood. That's right he # 596: #2 Or pecker wood? # pecks wood too. Interviewer: What color is he? 596: He's a, he's a kind of a brown-yellow. Yeah. We call him a yellow hammer bird. And he's a kind of a Auxillary: They make the hole in the tree. 596: {NW}. Auxillary: He's the one that make a hole in the tree. 596: Well he makes in that old yellow hammer he pecks it just like that old red-head pecker wood. Interviewer: Another uh term that I heard about those big ones {D: you know the the ginnywood hen?} I heard someone call it a Indian hen. 596: #1 have you heard that expression? # Interviewer: #2 Well well I did, I don't know. Most... # 596: People call them most anything but that's talking about... Interviewer: but you haven't, you haven't heard that 596: #1 No. # Interviewer: #2 particular one? # 596: No'm, that's the same bird though. Interviewer: Yessir. Do you ever hear people called peckerwoods? What would that say about people? What kind of people? Are called peckerwoods? 596: Well... {NW} Kind of a a trashy person. In a way they's call him a peckerwood. Interviewer: Really? Did you ever use that expression or hear it used around here? 596: Ma'am? Interviewer: Did you ever use that expression? 596: No'm. I didn't. I don't, I don't... Interviewer: Okay. What kind of little animal has a bushy tail and plays around in the trees a lot? 596: A squirrel. Interviewer: What kind of those are around here? 596: Well the cat squirrel. And the fox squirrel. And little old flying squirrels. You know you seen a flying squirrel. Interviewer: No I haven't. I heard about them. 596: yeah. Interviewer: That's all. 596: Well he may stretch his wings out to fly and fly down way out yonder but he can't fly up. He got to crawl up a tree. Then fly out. Interviewer: I see. 596: That's right. He can't he can't fly up them trees right up in that. He got to crawl up that tree. Run up it. And fly out. Interviewer: {X} 596: You know right he's just like other squirrels though right but he can fly. Interviewer: What color is he? 596: He's brown. Interviewer: Brown. 596: Yeah little old brown squirrel. Ain't no bigger than a big rat but he's a... Interviewer: Is that right? 596: Yeah about like {X}. Interviewer: {NS} Cuz I've seen that truck go up and down 596: Yeah {NW} Whole lot of passage {X} It works on each end {X} Interviewer: Oh really it has it has been a lot {X} Um do you ever hear a squirrel called a boomer? 596: I don't know not in this part of the country No Interviewer: And there's a kind of black and white animal that has a powerful smell. 596: That's a polecat. Interviewer: Are any other names for it? 596: Skunk. Interviewer: Alright they the same thing? 596: Yeah they the same thing. Interviewer: You ever hear them called a civic cat? 596: Yeah he's the same thing he stink as bad as an bull God damn Interviewer: Is he that same thing? 596: Yeah the same thing civic cat. Interviewer: He doesn't look any different? 596: No you can tell him you see {X} Interviewer: Alright there's something that looks a little bit like a squirrel but it doesn't climb trees real small and he has little stripes down his back. {X} 596: They don't climb tree there ain't many little thing that don't climb a tree Interviewer: A chipmunk. 596: Chipmunk that's right but I thought he climbed a tree too. Interviewer: I don't know does he? I mean I was told by someone that they didn't I was just checking {X} 596: See a chipmunk ain't a thing but a little monkey he just a little ol' monkey. You know a monkey can go up a tree if he wants to Interviewer: #1 oh yeah # 596: #2 # Well that's what a chipmunk is it's a little monkey. Interviewer: Does it have anything right here called a ground squirrel? 596: Yessum {X} a little brown strip he stays in the ground more or less and then but he comes out once in a while. Interviewer: Alright does he do they live around here? 596: Yessum around here briar patches you can find him round. Interviewer: Does he look like a squirrel? 596: Yessum he looks like a squirrel and a little {X} squirrel a little {X} squirrel he {X} he go in the ground {NW} {D: When he gassing he go in the ground a great to the ground that's where he goes} Interviewer: What kind of fish do they have around here? 596: Well what we have they called uh they called uh bass that's a trout fish, catfish and uh what you called these they have now {D: Brima uh brim brims uh} That's right different kind of fish like that. Interviewer: Okay did you go fishing very much? 596: No not much I used to but I don't hardly every go fishing now {NW} Interviewer: Uh there's a kind of seafood that um mixed pearls inside its shell those are 596: Yes uh You talking about of course {X} Oysters uh uh a mussel Interviewer: Yeah I was talking about they oysters 596: Yeah the mussel Interviewer: Oh there's another kind of seafood that's good to eat that you buy by the pound. 596: Yes uh tuna fish Interviewer: Well this is a kind of shellfish and they have them down along the gulf. 596: Yes and I heard it talking but I didn't see one Interviewer: Okay shrimp? 596: Yessum ah shrimp Interviewer: D'you ever eat any? 596: Yes ma'am I've eat shrimp Interviewer: Alright what croaks down around a creek? 596: Uh Well a bull frog does Interviewer: That's what I was thinking of 596: Yeah Interviewer: What are the different kinds of frogs that they would have? 596: Well we have we got toad frogs {NW} And we call them uh bull frogs most like cuz we got the little bull frog and we got the little big bull frog We got them with long legs Interviewer: Uh is a toad frog different from a bull frog? 596: Yes ma'am a toad frog he's the little ol' frog that hops around here warm nights Little bit ol' spider little bit ol' brown frog will hope around here at night. Interviewer: Does he live near the water? 596: No he hadn't used Interviewer: #1 He doesn't live near the water. # 596: #2 to the water # No he only had {X} Eggs and he lays eggs in the water but if that he through with them Interviewer: Oh um what about those little small green frogs 596: Uh tree frogs we call them Interviewer: Yeah are they the ones that are supposed to come out after a storm or 596: Yessum that's right Interviewer: Yeah uh 596: He like them vines you know they'll crawl out You see them sticking on the side of post or something Interviewer: Are there about a inch or a couple inches 596: Yessum Interviewer: long? Do hear those called thunder frogs? 596: Mm yeah thunder frogs I don't know Interviewer: Or rain frog 596: Rain frog yeah Interviewer: You hear of rain 596: Yeah you can hear them hardly that's that little ol' tree frog Interviewer: That's the same thing 596: Yeah that's the same little ol' frog Interviewer: Is there a superstition about them? 596: No I don't think Interviewer: Alright 596: I don't think Interviewer: When you go to uh go fishing what do you dig up? 596: Worms Interviewer: And what kind of worms? 596: Why do you call we call them earth worms We call them earth worm little ol' slimy little worm That's what we use to go fishing with Interviewer: Yeah did you are there different varieties of those 596: Yessum Now there's a one ol' worm you dig him up he he jump fast he jump you call him a jumper or something like that he Interviewer: Oh really 596: Yessum but now a regular ol' fishing earth worm he just a little ol' Common side worm Interviewer: I see, oh, What about um I forgot something about frogs 596: Yeah Interviewer: I ran into um a man over near Jackson told me that there was a kind of frog called a spring frog 596: Yessum Interviewer: Now what what's 596: Well that's a bull frog he spring way out when he jump That's what you call a spring Interviewer: Alright have you ever heard them called spring frog? 596: Yessum Interviewer: Is that the big bull frog? 596: No that's the little bull frog Interviewer: That's the little bull frog Are they green? 596: Yessum they're green Interviewer: Alright there's something that you find down in a creek A little thing with claws that runs backward in the water You're giggling what is that? {NW} 596: Craw fish {NW} Interviewer: People eat crawfish? 596: Yessum that's right Interviewer: Mm-kay you said that you had eaten shrimp 596: Yeah Interviewer: If you were going to buy some you'd go to the store and you'd say um Give me a few pounds of 596: Shrimp {NS} Interviewer: You know they have a law in Georgia about young kids riding minibikes or motorcycles. 596: Yeah Interviewer: They'll arrest them if they catch them out like that in the public road. 596: Sure enough Interviewer: Yeah 596: Now they passed a law here You've got to have a helmet on that he got on yeah {NW} Interviewer: Mm well that's a good start 596: Yeah that's right Interviewer: Uh there's an insect that flies around a light and sometimes tries to fly into it 596: Yeah mm-hmm We call them cow flies Interviewer: Okay and there's an insect kind of like that that sometimes gets in your wool clothes 596: Yessum it has their own balls Interviewer: Okay if you had a group of those you'd say we had a whole bunch of 596: Of balls Interviewer: Alright what flies around at night with a light in its tail? 596: That's a lightning bug. Interviewer: Alright and there's a long thin bodied insect that you'll see with filmy wings that you'll see hovering over a pond 596: Yessum we call them mosquito hawks Yeah Interviewer: Okay 596: He's catching all the insects when he's done he's tryna catch insects {X} Interviewer: They do? 596: They sure do. Interviewer: Did you ever hear in this part of the country do they ever call those snake doctors? 596: Yes ma'am I've heard Interviewer: You have heard of that? 596: Yes ma'am. Little green snake he call um doctor snake Interviewer: Oh really 596: Yeah a little green snake. Interviewer: Um what kinds of insects do you know of that sting? 596: Sting Interviewer: You've got mosquitoes and what kind sting? 596: {D: Well some folks call them gitters} But we call them sandflies yeah sandflies we call them {D: Yeah nah jigglers I mean what they're called jiggler} but we call them sandfly Interviewer: What do they look like? 596: Why he's a little ol' thing he got white wings you just can hardly see He's sneaky he slip up and bites you A where he bites he leaves a welt Interviewer: Is that right? 596: Yeah that's right and he just got little bitty white wings And he he ain't no side but he hurt you Interviewer: Where does he live does he have a nest? 596: No he just breed just like all the insects are regular Interviewer: I see 596: {X} Interviewer: What about something that might have a stinger? {NW} 596: Well You can take a wasp or a yellow jacket Something like that they got stingers And there's a little bitty ol' insect when it gets real hot If y'all around sand He'll have a little hole all in the sand he come out and he get on he'll sting you too Little ol' fly Interviewer: Are there different kind of wasps? 596: Yes ma'am That ol' big black wasp Big red wasp and a little ol' straggler called a guinea wasp Interviewer: Mm 596: That's right. Interviewer: Does he sting? 596: Yeah he sting Interviewer: Does he build a nest 596: #1 Yes ma'am # Interviewer: #2 like other flies? # 596: He builds a nest sure do Interviewer: Um is there something kind of like a wasp that builds a mud nest? 596: That's a dirt dauber Interviewer: Does he sting? 596: Yeah he sting too but he don't sting like a wasp but he'll sting you though Interviewer: oh 596: He sure will. Interviewer: Uh you mentioned yellow jackets 596: Yeah Interviewer: Now where do they have their nest? 596: In the ground. They have their nest in the ground or in an old stump or maybe in the corner of a old house or something anywhere he can keep dry yeah that's where he builds his nest Interviewer: What about do you have any hornets around here? 596: Yessum they have hornets once in a while you'll see them at this time of the year flying around maybe he come around once how you catch a house fly catch a fly while he have his nest Interviewer: They must be pretty big. 596: Who that? Interviewer: Hornets. 596: Yeah he's pretty {NS} Interviewer: Big as that of your finger 596: Yeah you better not let him sting you now. Interviewer: What color are the 596: He's kind of gray with a black head Interviewer: What kind of nest does he make? 596: Well he makes a long nest that get to be that long sometimes hanging up in the tree he's like a barrel like a little gray barrel hanging up in the tree something like that a sack of some kind but nah he goes he have his well when he in there when he going up in there if you can catch them all in there well you can you can you know stop that hole up lift the nest off but you better be sure though {NW} Interviewer: Thinking about now hornets and yellow jackets and wasps 596: And bumblebees Interviewer: Oh yeah and bumblebees 596: Yeah bumblebees Interviewer: Now which one has the worse sting 596: Well I don't know which is the worst I just don't know they all hurt you now I'm telling ya They'll all hurt ya Interviewer: Does one kind of wasp has a worse sting? 596: {D: Yeah might that ol' red wasp he worse than that little ol' guinea guinea wasp they'll all hurt you} Interviewer: Mm 596: And a bumblebee They bumblebee will fly around you and {X} air almost but he won't hurt you he won't sting at all that's what you call a white head bumblebee but now a black head bumblebee would suck those flowers Now you better leave them alone if he gets mad with you he'll follow you 'til he catch you Interviewer: Really? 596: That's right. {NW} Interviewer: There's some little insects that burrow down in your skin maybe you're walking in the field 596: Yes I know what you talking about that's a tick. Interviewer: Okay and there's another kind that's even smaller than that 596: Yeah that's a seed tick Interviewer: Okay and something that's not a tick just a teeny tiny little thing it's a 596: Flee Interviewer: Uh oh ever hear of a red 596: Red bug Interviewer: Red bug 596: Yeah Interviewer: Is that what they 596: Yeah that's a red bug he's just a little ol' red something When you're first wildly fresh get on you He may be white if he get to bite you soon you'll get red {NW} Interviewer: Um did you ever hear those called chiggers? 596: Yessum that's sand flies I know about Interviewer: Yeah now sand flies are the same thing 596: Yessum yeah Interviewer: Now are sand flies and red bugs the same thing? 596: No sand flies are just a little ol' flies little ol' bugs that'll bite bite you at night {D: He's the same thing but they call him jig or chigger or what do you call it} Interviewer: {D: Sand flies are the same as a chigger} 596: Yessum Interviewer: {D: Jigler} 596: Yessum Interviewer: Or chigger or whatever Okay good I hadn't run across a sand flies before I have to check that too And she um how far it goes around here There's a kind of small fish that people use for bait 596: Yeah Why they call some call them uh Well now and days they call them {NS} Shiners I believe Believe them call them shiners yeah Interviewer: Alright did they call them something else a long time ago? 596: Well now we call them top miners Interviewer: {D:top miners} 596: Yeah that's what we call them top miners Interviewer: Alright 596: Yeah top miners Interviewer: Did you somebody told me he called them hot {D: gutted miners} 596: Wow he uh he ain't nothing but Yeah he just got a whole big stomach you know Interviewer: It's a different it it refers to a special kind of 596: Yessum yessum But nah we just call them top miners Interviewer: What's that um insect some are green and some are brown when you're walking along in the grass you'll see them hopping in front of you 596: Why them are little ol' Grasshoppers Interviewer: Okay 596: Yeah little grasshopper Interviewer: Have you ever heard people call them hoppergrass? 596: Yessum they call it reverse just backwards Interviewer: Who who calls them that? 596: Why some people just don't {NS} you know I don't want to say they don't know any better now but they just {NW} Interviewer: Let's see if you were walking around outside um Let's see if I can find one to point out You keep to clean a porch making it all difficult for me usually I can find one right quick in the summer Uh what would you call this filmy stuff right here? 596: Oh that's spiderweb Interviewer: Alright suppose you saw one inside up in a corner what would you call it them? 596: Why it's still a spiderweb Interviewer: It's a still a spiderweb? 596: Yes ma'am still a spiderweb Interviewer: Oh they are did you ever hear anyone call them a cobweb? 596: {X} that's right that's for it same thing Interviewer: Same thing 596: Same thing Interviewer: Alright would you be more likely to say spiderweb then I guess 596: Yessum that's right Interviewer: The part of a tree that goes underground are it's 596: Uh Well that's a root. Interviewer: Okay 596: Under the ground Interviewer: Alright now I wanna ask you do you remember any root or herbs or weeds or anything that people used to use for medicine? 596: Yes ma'am {X} Interviewer: Alright tell me what they were and what they were good for 596: Why not you takes {D: takes saspiras} Interviewer: Uh-huh 596: {X} Spring medicine claimed to purify your blood it claimed Like through the winter you blood would be think and in the spring you drink that and your kind of get your blood thin where you Won't get so hot like it is now Interviewer: Maybe that's what I need {NW} 596: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 That's why I misses it this spring # What else? 596: Well then there um You take this ol' black hall it's a different kind of hall it's a red hall then there's black hall Takes root of black hall that suppose to be good for different kind of medicine Interviewer: Is that a weed? 596: No it's um tree Interviewer: It's a tree 596: Yeah now root Uh call it a black hall a black hall tree Has holes on it where the fruit of the tree is yeah I mean you know Black you know Interviewer: Oh I haven't run across that Black hall tree 596: Black hall tree Roots are really good for make medicine different kinds Interviewer: And you said there was another kind of there's a black hall and 596: And a red hall Interviewer: A red hall 596: Yes red hall it's a have holes on it be red Interviewer: And the fruits 596: The fruits red Interviewer: The fruit is called a hall? 596: Yessum Interviewer: I don't think I know what that is I don't think I've run across that what does the fruit look like what does a hall look like? 596: Well it's about the fruit as quite big as a bout like a little huckleberr- Interviewer: Is that right? 596: Now when it's red. Interviewer: Tiny 596: Yeah Interviewer: Do you eat them? 596: Some folk eat them yes Used to be during something Interviewer: It wont hurt them or anything? 596: No But the usual kind of hall you eat is it's called a possum hall Interviewer: Possum hall 596: Oh possum hall {X} Interviewer: And you don't want to eat those cuz they're what? 596: They claim the paw a possum hall Course now I used to be down there Down there I know every kind of tree on the woods I could tell you know we were told just what kind of tree it was Interviewer: What kind of trees are around here? 596: Well all kinds all kinds of trees just any kind of tree you can mention more Interviewer: What's the most common one? 596: Well pine, sweet gum Hickory, oak, iron wood, dog wood, {X} Horn bean Interviewer: Gee I 596: Just any kind of tree Interviewer: I don't think I know a horn bean {X} What's a horn bean? 596: Well a horn bean is a tree grow in the swamp all the time and it don't get so Interviewer: Does it have things on it? 596: No a horn bean don't Interviewer: What's this? 596: Uh that's well that's what you call a Interviewer: I mean what does it come off of? {X} 596: {D: I don't sure we call we call them hindum trees what that come off of} Interviewer: You call them what? 596: {D: Hindum tree} Interviewer: {D: hindum tree} {NW} That's great 596: Now that that that what we call that come that part come off Interviewer: Uh huh 596: Yeah Interviewer: Is that the kind that have the kind of um oh what kind of a fringey 596: Yes {X} Interviewer: Think I would probably call them a mimosa tree 596: #1 Why # Interviewer: #2 Is that mimosa tree? # 596: Why {X} Interviewer: Yeah that's what that's what I would call a mimosa 596: Yessum that's right mm-hmm Interviewer: {D: Okay how a hindum tree is different} 596: Something like you know feels that fruit Auxillary: {X} 596: Ain't that big Well may not I don't know Auxillary: {X} 596: Now any kind of tree you see if the wood you see grow gotta have a mass of some kind Interviewer: Gotta have a what? 596: A mass gotta have a fruit Any tree you see in the woods it has a fruit of some kind Think a dogwood tree you seen them Interviewer: Yes 596: Why the have um you see they have a red bear on it Interviewer: Yes that's right {X} 596: Any tree you see grow in the woods have some kind of a fruit on it Interviewer: Oh 596: Even a pine tree anything sweet gum tree now ain't no gum like that Interviewer: You know a sweet gum tree is that the kind of has those little kind of a spike 596: #1 yeah right right right mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 balls on them yeah I know I know that one # And um you said another kind I forgot what it was I got carried away there with the {D: hindum} tree That's the life I never heard that before you mentioned another one that um 596: {D: calcum} Interviewer: Yeah now is that the same thing as um let's see Is that what about the tree that's the state tree in Mississippi that has those big white flowers on it 596: Oh that Magnolia Interviewer: Now a {D:calcum} is not 596: No that's Magnolia you talking about A Bull Bay or something like that A Bull Bay Interviewer: Yeah so Bull Bay the same as the Magnolia? 596: Yeah about the same tree yeah but they have big flowers on it Then the flower leaves it makes a great big ol' bear big bay that flowers Interviewer: That's on a Bull Bay? 596: Yes ma'am Interviewer: Bur after the flower um 596: {D: And the calcum tree is um} it's a saw wood tree Have big leaves big ol' leaves on it we used to go down to the in the summer take the leaves make a dipper and drank water out the branch Interviewer: Really? 596: Yeah that's right make a dipper Interviewer: How big were the leaves? 596: Oh the leaves were like bigger than this you know Interviewer: #1 Oh jeez they're big then # 596: #2 we take and fold them # Make them something like a dipper and dip water out of the branches, spring branches and drink water out of them Interviewer: Oh gee it'd be about a foot long or a foot wide 596: Then When uh they have a big ol' foot big as my fish {X} Interviewer: Can you eat it? 596: No ma'am Interviewer: Do animals eat it? 596: No Interviewer: Nothing eats it {X} Do they have a kind of tree around here that has um it's a good shade tree I'm told and it has long, white limps and scaly bark 596: That's sycamore Interviewer: Do they have those around here? 596: No not many of them around here. Interviewer: Alright and what um there's a kind of fruit tree not a apple and not a peach but it has little round red fruit 596: Mm-hmm Well you talking about a plum Interviewer: No a chi- 596: {D: Chinky?} {X} Interviewer: No this is just a common one just a cherry? 596: Cherry, cherry tree. Interviewer: They have those around here? 596: Yes ma'am cherry. Interviewer: Would grow in this area? 596: Yes ma'am cherry. Interviewer: Uh there's a bush and in fact it gets to be a pretty big bush like a tree 596: Yeah Interviewer: That turns red the leaves turn red in the fall and they have berries on it that people use to tan leather 596: You talking bout you talking about poke berry? Interviewer: No I I know what a what I know that that's um That's kind of a weed almost isn't it? 596: Yeah Interviewer: This this is a pretty big thing it's a bush and it gets to be a tree almost Um it has little white flowers on it And uh a lot of times you'll see them along by the fences on along side the road 596: Were you talking about the shoe makes money? Interviewer: Yeah that's what I think 596: Sure enough there's one right there {X} Right there the shoe make had to move Put them fruit on this year and a them bunches of berries on them I didn't know they use that Interviewer: A long time ago they did 596: #1 Sure enough yeah but that's shoe make # Interviewer: #2 I don't know if anybody still does but a long time ago they did # 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer: I guess that's right 596: Shoe make that's right Interviewer: Any kind of bushes or vines that is you brush up against them it'll make your skin break out? 596: Yessum That's right It's poison oak something like that Interviewer: Any others? 596: Ivory, poison ivory we call it Interviewer: They the same thing? 596: Yes ma'am that's the same that's what it is poison ivory that's poison oak Interviewer: Anything else that makes you break out? 596: No oak will make me break out if I get my arms on it {D: When I get oakry} {X} Interviewer: What kind of berries do people grow around here? 596: Well blackberry, raspberry, and uh huckleberry that's about all the berries around here Interviewer: Alright there's another kind people sometimes plant uh there, you eat them with sugar and cream their red 596: Uh that's um Strawberry Interviewer: Oh they grow those around here? 596: Yes ma'am once in a while they grow a few Once in a while Interviewer: Do they have any uh Laurel around here? Trees laurel bushes or trees? 596: No I don't think Interviewer: A mountain laurel a rhododendron 596: No we don't normally {X} Interviewer: They're usually in the mountains but I thought 596: Yes ma'am yes Interviewer: Um if a married woman doesn't want to make up her own mind about something she'll say um I gotta ask who? 596: Ask my husband Interviewer: Alright {NW} And you a man on the other hand would say I've gotta ask 596: Ask my wife about it she what she says about it Interviewer: Did older people ever refer to each other in other ways? 596: I don't know Interviewer: Like the missus or the mister 596: Well that's right Interviewer: Or the wife or the old lady 596: Yeah yeah that's right Interviewer: {NW} 596: That's right Interviewer: You ever call mrs {B} the missus? 596: Well I don't call her I I {X} talking with somebody about her you know? Interviewer: Yeah that's what I mean if you're talking about her 596: Yes Interviewer: What are you likely to call her? 596: Yeah I I say my wife so and so my wife so and so Some folks say the old boss you know so Interviewer: Oh really {NW} about the wife? 596: Yeah I gotta ask my boss about something that's my boss Interviewer: Would a woman ever say that about her husband mrs {B}? {X} Oh Auxillary: I didn't have a boss 596: {NW} Interviewer: Ma'am? Auxillary: I never did have a boss Interviewer: You never did? Auxillary: No {NW} Interviewer: A woman who has lost her husband is called a 596: Widow Interviewer: Alright and um You're you're male parent was your 596: Uh a widower wouldn't it? Interviewer: No I'm talking about you have two parents 596: Yeah Interviewer: the male one is your 596: Uh uh male one that's father Interviewer: What did you call him when you were a child? 596: Uh we call him papa Interviewer: Papa 596: Yeah papa That's what we call him Interviewer: And um your mother what did you call her? 596: We call her mama Interviewer: Did you ever call them anything else? 596: No we never did chillun we just say papa and mama we never did call the mother and father {X} Interviewer: What do your children call you? 596: They call me papa just like I used to call him just like I used to call him Interviewer: And what do they call mrs {B}? 596: They call her mama Interviewer: Mama 596: Yeah Interviewer: Just like you cal your parents 596: Now our grandchildren they call her Mama Interviewer: Mama 596: Yeah they called her mama Interviewer: And what you they call you? 596: They call me papa. Interviewer: Papa. 596: That's right {NW} Interviewer: Did you ever know your grandparents? 596: Well yessum I know I know of my grandparents on my mother's side but my father's side they were dead before I knew anything about them Interviewer: Alright what did you call your grandparents on your mother's side? 596: We call him grandpa, grandpa and grandma Interviewer: You did? 596: That's what we call them Grandpa and grandma {X} Interviewer: And you father and your mother together are called your Pa- 596: Yes ma'am Interviewer: Called your what? 596: Parents yessum that's right Interviewer: Uh your sons and your daughters are called your children 596: Yeah Interviewer: Did you ever call them anything else other than children? 596: No might've said my daughter or my son or something like that Interviewer: Right did you ever call them chaps? 596: Well sometimes I just be talking about them I'd say maybe all around me here I'd say these chaps here are mine {NW} It's like that Interviewer: Uh when a child let's see A name that a child is known by just in the family you know something you'll name it one thing {X} but then in the family you'll be known something else what would you call that kind of name? 596: A nickname Interviewer: Alright when they are little and you'd call it any other supposed you were calling him sugar lump or sugar pie 596: Yeah Interviewer: Would that be a nickname? 596: Yeah that would be a nickname that wouldn't be his name that's a nickname that's right Interviewer: Okay with that what would a pet name be would you use that term? 596: Well I don't know what a uh pet name you could anything you could call it for a pet name just little ol' Something like that well sugar pie's a pet name Interviewer: That's a pet name? 596: Yeah that's a pet name Interviewer: Okay then if you had a boy named William you might call him what 596: Will Interviewer: Or 596: Uh Will or Bill Interviewer: Or Billy 596: Yea Billy or something like that Interviewer: Alright now that would be a nickname? 596: Yessum well now well now in a way That's just part of his name William They call him Will that's just part of his name Interviewer: That's part of him name 596: That's just part of the name I don't know whether you call that a nickname or not Interviewer: Alright {X} 596: Maybe the name John but you call him Jack you know like that something like that's a nickname Interviewer: #1 That's a nickname that's not part of his name # 596: #2 That's a nickname # No that's a nickname Interviewer: Suppose you had a son you know a lot of times you'll have a boy and you'll end up calling him sonny or buddy 596: Yeah Interviewer: Is that a nickname or a? 596: Well no I don't I don't know if that's a nickname or not Interviewer: Okay 596: Call him sonny or buddy Interviewer: If his name were say John 596: Yessum yeah yeah Well I other people they would call him buddy {X} and maybe other people wouldn't know what his name was Or they'd say who is I just called him buddy or what I know or something like that Interviewer: I see 596: But I suggest they call him by his name you know who it's talking about Interviewer: Did you call all of your children by their name? 596: Yes We got one, one time we called him instead of baby boy we called him brother Interviewer: Ah 596: Yeah we called him brother Interviewer: You know it's easy to do to get in the habit 596: Yeah Interviewer: When my little one came along my oldest boy's name is Roo he has an unusual name like yours And um I didn't think oh you know I want to talk to the baby about Roo so I called him Buzzy this is your Buzzy and heck it's caught on 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer: I've got to be very careful cuz Roo cuz suddenly be Buzzy the rest of his life 596: Yeah it's true that's right mm-hmm Interviewer: Uh something that you that has wheels on it that you can put a baby in uh to push it around, it'll lie down and you push it around 596: You call that a baby carriage Interviewer: Alright and if you're gonna take the baby out it in you'd say I'm going to do what to the baby? 596: Well Imma tote the baby or I'm gonna take the baby out Uh feed him Something like that {X} Uh whatever you want to do with it Interviewer: Okay well I'm talking about putting him in there just going to drive the baby or wheel the baby Or if you go put him in the baby carriage to take him out 596: Take him out for a ride you'd say Interviewer: I see okay you just said tote And I think that's an interesting word 596: Yeah Interviewer: Um it does it can you tote anything? Or does it have to be something heavy for you to say I'd tote it 596: No it don't have it be heavy Interviewer: It doesn't? 596: No it don't have to be heavy {X} My pocket all the time or something like that Interviewer: I see so it wouldn't have to be a sack of flowers 596: No no no that's right Interviewer: Okay um if you're talking about your daughter you'd say that she's not a boy she's a She's not a boy she's a 596: Girl Interviewer: Alright now If you have a group of children you might say Well I'm talking about the fact that their grown up 596: Yeah Interviewer: and they act grown up you know that they're um mature 596: Yeah Interviewer: Acting You'd say well their all grown up but of them all calm is the 596: Wait now how you have {X} Interviewer: Okay talking about that they're all grown up meaning they all act with responsibility they're all mature 596: Yeah Interviewer: you know sober, level headed young people but one of them is even more so than the other one 596: I see Interviewer: Now using the word grown up about them you'd say he's the what of all of them? 596: Well uh he Was the baby of all of them would you say? Interviewer: No I'm thinking about would you this is really hard to ask 596: Yeah Interviewer: but it's an interesting word would you say he's the grown-upest of all of them? 596: No my wife I'd say if he's oldest or something like that Interviewer: We're talking about how mature he is 596: #1 I understand, I understand # Interviewer: #2 How you know how he has a good # 596: I understand what you talking about Well I know it is sort of hard to say it tell anybody else about it if he's in that condition You'd say he's all grown except one we would say that he's sort of off or something Interviewer: No I'm I'm talking in the other direction really uh I'm talking about if all of them you know were grown up 596: Yessum Interviewer: And but there's one of them that seems ready to take on responsibility 596: #1 Yeah # Interviewer: #2 And do the work # even more than the rest of them 596: That's right yeah Interviewer: Would you say that he's the grown-upest of my children? 596: #1 Well # Interviewer: #2 most grown up # of my children or the 596: Well I would see I would I mean I see how grown up is one of them I may say that one's got more responsibility than the rest of them I'd say something like that Interviewer: Okay 596: even if he seems to be more responsible than the rest of them Interviewer: Okay 596: Yessum Interviewer: Fine that's kind of a hard thing 596: #1 That's right # Interviewer: #2 to ask somebody # about 596: Wow that's right Interviewer: Some of these are harder than others 596: Yeah that's right it's harder than the others Interviewer: If one of your children has misbehaved you're liable to say to him you better watch out you're gonna get a 596: That's right Interviewer: You're gonna get a what? 596: You're gonna get a whooping Interviewer: {NW} 596: Something like that yeah Interviewer: Um A mother has looked after three children until their grown up you say she did what to those children she 596: Well she done her part you see maybe we'll say Well she raised those children Interviewer: Okay fine uh if a women is going to have a child you'd say she is what 596: Pregnant Interviewer: You ever hear any joking words used to refer to a women being pregnant? 596: Yes {NS} Interviewer: Alright come on {NW} Come on you gotta tell me {NW} 596: She's big Interviewer: She's big 596: Yeah {NW} You knew that word Interviewer: Would both women and men said it? 596: Yes some of them you mean you ain't got no any uh manner ain't got no you know he just come up {X} say it right to the girl say hey girl is you big {NW} Interviewer: They didn't hold it back did they 596: No you see some of them would do like that you know just like that Act like it was any his business {NW} Interviewer: Uh if you know in the old days they didn't and maybe I guess maybe now they're coming back too they don't always have doctors to deliver babies 596: No Interviewer: still have a women 596: Yeah that's right midwife Interviewer: Alright did back in the old days did they call her something else? 596: Well no maybe Auxillary: Granny 596: Yeah they call her granny something like that granny You didn't see any midwife might say granny that's what they say granny Interviewer: Yeah that's what I kind of wondered about Uh if a boy and his father have the same appearance you'd say the boy what his father? 596: He like his father Interviewer: Alright you say looks like his father? 596: No he act like his father you'd see it all he said he just like his father Interviewer: Okay now if you say he acts like his father does that mean how he looks or how he 596: No his ways Interviewer: His ways 596: His ways Interviewer: I see Alright um If a child if you see a child and we say this a lot if you see a child you maybe haven't seen him in a while and he's gotten taller you'd say my goodness how you've 596: How you've grown oh you have grown since I seen you last Interviewer: {D: A child that's born to an unmarried women is a?} 596: I would call him a basket child Interviewer: Alright are there any joking names? 596: {D: Well he jidimus he jidimus or something like that they call it} Interviewer: Alright did you ever hear them call a wood's coat in a kind of a joking way? 596: No I never ever know them of that way I never did know him like that bastard or either {D: a jidimus or something like that} Interviewer: Uh your brother's son would be your he his uncle he'd be your 596: Nephew Interviewer: Alright and a child that has lost both father and his mother is a what 596: Orphan child Interviewer: Would that be a child um whether or not he was living in a home I mean in a institution? You know they have an orphan's home 596: Yeah yeah Interviewer: would you call him an orphan even if he wasn't living in an orphan's home? 596: Well we call him that but he would be an orphan {X} If he's his child he done lost both mother and father why he is a orphan child If he was uh he if ain't old enough to take care of his own self Interviewer: Yep that's what I was and if he's not old enough to take care of himself sometime the court will appoint somebody to take care of him 596: Yes a guardian or something like that Interviewer: Alright um if a women has been away from home for a long time she sometimes goes back to visit all of her 596: Uh relatives Interviewer: Alright um yes she has the same family name does look like me but I'm actually no 596: No kin to her Interviewer: Alright do you ever use the learn kin folks 596: Yessum Interviewer: uh or people my people 596: Yessum kin folk yes that's right are my people are my kin folk or that's my blood or something used like that you know or that's my kinnery Interviewer: Kinnery? I hadn't heard that before 596: Well that's right in my kinnery Interviewer: How far would kinnery go you know like through how many cousins? 596: Uh maybe about fifty in the fourth generation Interviewer: I see 596: Played out when you get about the fourth generation about played out Interviewer: Now they're all kin folks or kinnery 596: Yessum while we Interviewer: Would they suppose would someone who say is about them an eighth cousin 596: Well some of them would claim it anyhow it's claimed that's my blood ain't no better kin there {NW} Interviewer: Has the same name and that's it 596: That's all some of them some people just wants to claim kin to you {NW} It do some of them just wanted to claim kin Interviewer: They should've got some money 596: Yeah {X} That's my folks that's my folk ain't no bit of kin to them Interviewer: Um Someone who has come into town and no one has ever seen him before so he's a what? 596: Stranger. Interviewer: There's a common name for a girl that begins with um an m um The mother of Jesus was named 596: Mary. Interviewer: Alright and I'm sure I get just some some um names here and how they're pronounced in this part of the country um Do you remember the the two sisters of Lazarus you know 596: #1 yeah # Interviewer: #2 there's Mary and # 596: And Elizabeth Interviewer: And uh Martha 596: Mary, Martha mm-hmm Interviewer: Right and the first of the four gospels the first book of the new testament this isn't a bible quiz I was just tryna get the 596: I see mm-hmm Interviewer: It's ma 596: {D: Mm-hmm ma, Mathus, Mark, Luke, and John} Interviewer: Alright and there's an old song uh that says wait 'til the sun shines remember the name of the girl 596: Where, wait 'til the sun shines I might know Interviewer: Nelly 596: I might not know Interviewer: Nelly Do you remember that that name Nelly 596: No I don't believe I do I don't. Is that in the bible question? Interviewer: No that's not in the bible question 596: Oh I see yeah Interviewer: I'm just find out if you knew the girl's name Nelly 596: Yessum yeah that's right Interviewer: Alright there's um a family name that I haven't seen much around here um but um it's um Cooper for example 596: Yeah Interviewer: If if there was um mr Cooper and he had a wife you'd address her as who? 596: Uh mrs Cooper Interviewer: Okay and if you said that slowly how would you say it? 596: Slowly? Interviewer: Uh-huh 596: mrs Cooper? Interviewer: Yeah I'm wondering cuz we tend to say mrs then when we talking in a hurry we say ms Cooper 596: That's right mrs Cooper mm-hmm Interviewer: {D: Right um a preacher who's not really trained and doesn't have a regular pulpit} and uh he preaches here and there and makes his living doing something else if he's not very good at preaching you'd call him a what? 596: Uh a jack league Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh what other occupations would you use to jackleg to refer to # 596: #2 (NW} # Interviewer: {NW} 596: Anything is just pretending to be and wants to be and you know can't do it well cuz that's a jackleg Interviewer: {NW} Would you say a jackleg lawyer? 596: Yessum jackleg lawyer, jackleg doctor, jackleg anything Interviewer: Jackleg anything 596: Yeah Interviewer: Just say jack leg governor 596: Well yeah jack league governor {NW} Interviewer: Alright what relation would my mother's sister be to me? 596: Auntie. Interviewer: Yeah who's that? 596: {X} My my mother Interviewer: No my mother 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer: My mother's sister would be? 596: Your auntie. Interviewer: Alright 596: Mm-hmm your auntie Interviewer: Um If there were a man in the army and he was a general 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer: And his name were Lee You'd address him as as what? 596: Uh You said if a man Interviewer: Yeah lemme let me give you and example if there was a man in the army and he was a sergeant and his name was Smith you would call him Sergeant Smith 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer: Alright now if there's a man in the army with the name Lee and he's a general you'd address him as 596: Well I call him I'd reckon Interviewer: No you'd you'd say General Lee 596: General Lee, General Lee Interviewer: Yeah now this, that's the kind of thing I wanna try for just a minute 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer: If there's a man named um Smith and he's a colonel how would you address him? 596: Uh well now you'll call him Colonel Smith wouldn't you? Interviewer: That's that's what I was deriving 596: Yes Colonel Smith Interviewer: If there's a, the man who presides over a hoard is a what 596: Um a lawyer, a judge Interviewer: Alright and if you had a judge who's name was Marshall you would call him 596: Judge Marshall Interviewer: Okay good if you had an uncle named William you'd call him 596: Uncle William Interviewer: If you had an uncle named John you would call him 596: Uncle John Interviewer: And um Let's see there's um a girl's name that begins with an "S" Sally sometime a nickname for it 596: Mm-hmm yeah mm-hmm um Sally Interviewer: Uh-huh it would be a nickname for Sarah 596: Yeah when uh I don't know that nickname for Sally Interviewer: No I mean it would be a nickname 596: Yessum Interviewer: What would it be a nickname for? What girl's name do you remember? 596: No Interviewer: Uh Sarah? 596: Sarah I think so Interviewer: Okay that's fine 596: That's right Interviewer: Um what do they call the man who's in charge of a ship? 596: Ship master wouldn't it? Interviewer: Alright um something else I'm thinking of a cap- 596: A captain Interviewer: Alright now would that be also in the army? 596: #1 Well # Interviewer: #2 There would be one # In that white cap group that had captains 596: Yeah that's right he'd be, that's right that's right he'd be a captain Interviewer: Alright suppose uh when you worked with the railroad you know 596: Yessum Interviewer: What did you call your foremen? 596: Well uh Well let's see I worked in the rail {X} whoever he be you know I call him mr so and so or something like that Interviewer: You never addressed him as captain? 596: No no no no Interviewer: Alright you know there was a time when black men address white men as captain 596: As captain yeah sure would call him captain so now the wouldn't say captain they said cap for like captain it's like that Interviewer: Was that a a suppose to be in those days was that supposed to be an address to show respect? 596: Well that's what it's for yes that's to know you're over me I'm, you're over me Interviewer: I see it said to someone then who has some power over you 596: #1 That's right yeah that's right # Interviewer: #2 Authority over you # Oh I see {x} 596: Where is so and so? Can I do so and so? See captain there {X} Interviewer: Do they ever use um any other terms like that to for to show respect for say a black man to show I don't want to say respect cuz that's not what I mean but any other terms like that that you think of that a black man might use to his white employer? 596: Well they call him boss Interviewer: Boss 596: Yeah boss like that boss Interviewer: Would a black man ever call another black man captain? 596: Well Interviewer: If he if he would that black man was over him 596: Oh he he he usually wouldn't do it but he will now he'll do it now he'll call him captain he may not want to do it but he will do it Interviewer: But in the old days 596: Yes In the old days he wouldn't do it Interviewer: He wouldn't 596: They wouldn't even recognize one another Interviewer: They wouldn't? 596: No they wouldn't now they wouldn't recognize one another When they all he wouldn't do it no Interviewer: I see 596: That's right Interviewer: Um 596: But now he will, he'll recognize him Interviewer: What um are some terms that you think of that are used to refer to black people? What's the nicest way that you can speak of a black person? Let's take it if you don't mind let's take it by races cuz I this is something I think that it you know is important to look at too if a if a white person wanted to refer to a black person in the nicest way what would he call him? 596: Uh they used to would say darker Interviewer: It, was that nice? 596: No but Interviewer: But he would say it anyway 596: He would say it he'd just say I'm darker {X} Interviewer: You know they used to say colored people {X} and that an attempt I think 596: Yeah Interviewer: As I understood it to be nice 596: Yessum mm-hmm Interviewer: Alright then they there, what would they say now do you think to say something that would be you know just a nice way of referring to black people {x} 596: Of course in jail they did something most blacks they don't say who it is when you made you read about some something happened you don't say whether it's colored or whites now they don't something now they don't say you just wonder was he colored or was he white sometimes they you might find out just what it was and but they used to you know {NS} how'd they call us Interviewer: Well I was thinking about the changes you know that take place when I teach 596: Yeah Interviewer: My students are all young black people 596: Well that's right Interviewer: In inner city Atlanta now they wanna be referred to as black people 596: Yessum Interviewer: Black man, black women now you know the black now this group is eighteen, nineteen years old 596: Yeah Interviewer: Now and they don't want to be called negro 596: No no that's not Interviewer: Now what what do, would you say is the black people in this area would want to be called? 596: Why they want to be called is called they want to let you know who it is calling the Interviewer: If you had to say you had to say {X} 596: They'd say black folks Interviewer: Black folks 596: They'd say black folks he's a black he's a black male or black female or whatever you're called let you know, they'd let you know how it is you know who you're talking about Interviewer: Yeah I'm talking about instances where it's necessary to make the distinction then um I was told by one black man that the term nigger was still used by black people to each other 596: Why they do do like that they do that they'll do it Interviewer: Well he was saying that it was still used to um say ah he's a no count nigger 596: Why they do that Interviewer: To talk about somebody who's no good 596: Why they'll do it, they'll do that they'll you know disrespect his own color some will do it Some of them will do that yet some of them will disrespect him own people yeah Interviewer: Do you hear um the white man referred to as the man ? 596: Sometime they do yes {X} Interviewer: Now when he says that who do he mean does he mean boss? 596: He mean the boss man he consider that man over him he go see what he says about it what the man say about it Interviewer: Have you ever met Curtis {B} over here? 596: Yes ma'am Interviewer: He and I had a long, long chat in the middle of this week {X} Interviewer: {NS} And especially after you tell me about all the {C: laughing while speaking} all those children. 596: {NW} {C: laughing} Interviewer: He says he comes in at night counting noses. {C: slight reel distortion starts} {NS} 596: #1 You know that'd be what you call a passel of kids right? # Interviewer: #2 Yeah. That's right. # A person who goes to elementary school you'd call him a what? 596: Uh #1 go to elementary school # Interviewer: #2 Mm-hmm. # #1 or go to high school you'd say he's a what? # 596: #2 Yeah. # {X} somebody call him a senior or you'd call him a according how high he got hi- his grade. Interviewer: Alright what about going to college you'd say he's a college 596: College student. Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 596: #2 Yeah. # Interviewer: Uh a girl or a woman in an office who takes care of #1 her employer's mail and takes his dictation and time she's his? {C: reel distortion ends} # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. {NW} {C: crack noise in background} # She uh She's the office girl we c- w- we would call her an office girl or Interviewer: Or a se- 596: {NW} {C: grunt} A self- employed or something. Interviewer: {B} is over there whispering. {NW} {C: name is said and should be beeped out, laughing in background} #1 {NW} {C: laughing} # 596: #2 Well I {NW} {C: starts laughing} # I might didn't understand what you who takes care of Interviewer: She takes care of uh does his work she's his sece- 596: Well I me uh office me I would call if you take down ah you would mean a bookkeeper. Interviewer: No that's not what I mean. 596: #1 No? # Interviewer: #2 Tell him what you mean Mrs. {B} {NW} {C: laugh} # Auxiliary: Secretary. 596: #1 What? Sec- a secretary oh yeah a secretary. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} {C: laugh} # 596: #1 I couldn't think of secretary. # Interviewer: #2 You know you've really only had to tell him about one answer. # 596: I c- I couldn't think of secretary. Course it ha- course it is a secretary. {C: auxiliary talk in background} #1 It just gets you know. {NW] {C: grunts} # Interviewer: #2 You've only had to tell him one thing one thing. I think he's fantastic. # Uh #1 anyone born in the United States talking about your nationality anyone born # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: in the United States is a what? 596: Well h- he he uh he's uh Interviewer: Ame- {NS} 596: Uh born in the United States #1 he's American. He's American. Yeah. {NW} {C: grunts} # Interviewer: #2 Right. That's what I was looking for. # 596: I thinking about you someone who was born out of the United States and come in here. Interviewer: No I I wasn't. 596: Oh no I I just thought you asked me about {X} or something. Interviewer: #1 No no that's not what I'm thinking of. # 596: #2 {NW} {C: grunts} # Interviewer: Uh I'm gonna go back to this or that people again and ask you about what you call #1 people if you ever call them peckerwoods or anything. # 596: #2 Yeah. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: Uh how would you refer to white people who are just you know just 596: #1 Just- yeah. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 uh aren't well off and they're lazy and don't work # #1 they're what? # 596: #2 Now that wha- that's what you call a peckerwood. # Interviewer: #1 That's a peckerwood ah ha. # 596: #2 {NW} {C: laughing} # Interviewer: #1 I knew I'd get that sooner or later. {NW} {C: laughing} # 596: #2 {NW} {C: continues to laugh} # #1 {NW} {C: continues to laugh} # Auxiliary: #2 {X} white people # 596: They call one #1 yeah th- they call one they call one another that. # Auxiliary: #2 {X} a cracker. # 596: #1 Yeah they call one another that but I don't I don't I I don't. # Interviewer: #2 Wha- # what would a white person call another one? 596: #1 He call 'em call 'em pecker- we call them peckerwood. Call 'em a cracker. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah and she said something else. # 596: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Okay w- would uh # #1 you be likely to call 'em a cracker? You call 'em a peckerwood. You wouldn't call 'em that. {C: laughing from both interviewer and auxiliary} # 596: #2 No ma'am. No I I d- I don't call I ain't gonna call 'em that I ain't gonna call 'em that. # No. Interviewer: #1 Oh my. # 596: #2 No I ain't gonna call 'em that. # Interviewer: Uh well one more one more term here. Anyone um who from out in the country and he goes into town and he kinda stands out #1 cuz he doesn't know about town ways. He would be a what? # 596: #2 Yeah {NW}. {C: grunt} # Well if he come he go to town he's standing around and he don't know much about it well I don't know what you would call that kind of person. Course sometimes I might be talking about myself {X}. Standing around and I don't know nobody in a strange place and you standing around. Interviewer: Well th- you know it kinda he kinda sticks out you have any ideas about that Mrs. {B}? Auxiliary: No ma'am. Interviewer: Every year I'm called a country hoosier 596: #1 Well. # Interviewer: #2 Or a # #1 a redneck or. # 596: #2 Well some- well something like that yeah yeah mm-hmm. # Interviewer: Uh-huh. 596: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Um #1 if someone's waiting for you to get ready so you can go somewhere with them # 596: #2 {NW} Mm-hmm. {C: grunt} # Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm. {NW} {C: grunt} # 596: #2 he says hey you gonna be ready soon you might say I'll be with you in ju-. # Just a few minute- just a minute. Interviewer: #1 Alright. {NW} {C: laugh} # 596: #2 Just a minute. # Sometimes that means it's a long minute but still. Interviewer: #1 {NW} {C: laugh} # 596: #2 {NW} {C: laugh} # Interviewer: Um if you know you're on the right road #1 and you aren't sure of the distance # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #1 you know like to Jackson # 596: #2 Yessum. # Interviewer: #1 you might stop at a filling station and you'd say how is it to Ja- how # 596: #2 {NW} {C: grunts} # #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 how what is it to Jackson? # 596: Yes say how far you know to Jackson or how or something like that how far you call it from here to Jackson #1 you say yeah. # Interviewer: #2 I see. # 596: How far would you call it from here to Jackson. Interviewer: I see that that's 596: Why you wouldn't you wouldn't want him to know you just directly just didn't know so I mean you just #1 You say how far would you call it from here. # Interviewer: #2 Oh ho. # 596: #1 {NW} {C: laughing} # Interviewer: #2 I'm glad you said that that's interesting. # #1 That's so you kinda cover up. # 596: #2 {NW} that's right. {C: laughing} # Interviewer: #1 Ah. # 596: #2 {NW} {C: laughing} # Interviewer: Um #1 if someone said how often do you go to town you might say oh I don't go very. # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # Well how often do you go to town? Interviewer: I don't go very. 596: I don't go very regular or that often or something like that. Interviewer: #1 Right. # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: Now I need to ask you about some parts of the body. 596: #1 Mm-hmm. Yessum, mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 Names parts of the body. # #1 What would this part be? Just look at and I'll point to them this part right up here. # 596: #2 That's the forehead. # Interviewer: Right and this is one. 596: Hand. Interviewer: And two 596: Yeah that's right. Interviewer: #1 two what. # 596: #2 Th- thumbs. # Interviewer: No just tell me these are two what? 596: #1 A hand with fingers on them. # Interviewer: #2 And this pa- {C: cuts off laughing} # 596: #1 Yeah. Palm of the hand. # Interviewer: #2 And this part is the what of the. # #1 Alright. Um # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: these are my. 596: Shoulders. Interviewer: Alright and this whole thing is my 596: Uh loins from then on down. Interviewer: #1 Alright now would that be all of this down to here? # 596: #2 {NW} {C: grunts} # Well that'd be uh thigh Interviewer: #1 The whole thing though including. # 596: #2 Limb. # One of yo- one of your limbs. Interviewer: #1 Okay # 596: #2 Yessum. # Interviewer: Would you ever use leg? 596: Yessum leg yessum that's right. Interviewer: Alright would you be more likely to say limb or leg? 596: Well I'd say leg. Interviewer: Alright and this is one. 596: I would call the first {X} the leg {X} this is the leg. When I see the l- uh the whole here I wouldn't call from here on down the leg. Interviewer: Oh you wouldn't? 596: No cuz that is the leg though but still that's that's that's one side of it. But now the here your leg here thigh here knee here you know like Interviewer: #1 I see so you n- you think of the leg really as being from the knee down. # 596: #2 Yes ma'am that's right. # Interviewer: Okay uh would the whole thing be the limb? {C: background noise} 596: Well {X} no. #1 Cuz {X}. Yeah, yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Oh yeah that's right. So they'd be arms or legs. # 596: Why you s- if you just say a person's limb well you talking about the legs thighs arms and all. Interviewer: #1 Ah. # 596: #2 Those are his limbs. # #1 Yeah. {X} # Interviewer: #2 That would be the whole. I see. # This is my. 596: Hair. Interviewer: #1 Alright and if I were a man if I didn't shave I might have a # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. {NW} B- beards. {C: grunts} # Interviewer: Alright and this is my. 596: Ear. Interviewer: Alright which one. 596: That's your that's your right ear {X} #1 It's right. # Interviewer: #2 It don't matter I'm gonna get both of them. # 596: #1 Yeah. Yeah. Left ear {X} # Interviewer: #2 And this would be. # #1 {NW} Doesn't make any difference I just wanted both of them. {C: laughing at first} # 596: #2 Yeah. No. That's right. # Interviewer: And this whole thing is my. 596: {X} your face. Interviewer: #1 No right around here. # 596: #2 A mouth. # #1 Around the mouth. # Interviewer: #2 And one of these is a. # 596: Teeth. Interviewer: #1 Alright one would be a. # 596: #2 Tooth. # Interviewer: Alright and the things that hold your teeth in are #1 your. # 596: #2 Gums. # Interviewer: Alright uh I have one. 596: One thumb. Interviewer: No one. 596: Eh one arm. Interviewer: #1 What I'm hitting you with. # 596: #2 Oh fist. # Interviewer: #1 Okay and I have two. {NW} {C: laughing after phrase} # 596: #2 {X} Two fists. I do. {NW} {C: laugh} # Interviewer: Um at any place where you can bend your hand is a. 596: Joint. Interviewer: On a man 596: #1 {NW} Mm-hmm. His body {C: grunt at first} # Interviewer: #2 this part wo- right here would be his. # No this this right through here. 596: Oh his breast. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 And the front part of your leg from here right to here would be your # 596: #2 {NW} {C: agreeing grunts} # Shin we call it. Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 596: #2 Yeah. # Interviewer: Now have you ever seen a man sitting down in a funny way he's kind of squatting down. 596: Yeah mm-hmm. Interviewer: And his #1 he's kind of folded up the way I look at you say he's down on his what. # 596: #2 Yeah {X}. # #1 Eh on his benders we call that. Yeah. {NW} {C: laughing} # Interviewer: #2 On his benders? {NW} Okay. {C: laughing} # 596: {NW} {C: laugh} Interviewer: #1 Someone has been sick a while and they're still kind of # 596: #2 {NW} {C: grunt} # Interviewer: #1 pale and thin you say you sure still look # 596: #2 Yeah. # You look you look sallow w- we call that sallow. Well I don't wait I wait a minute like we call that word sallow that means he kind of a pale kind of uh he don't look good. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 596: #2 Yessum that's right. # Interviewer: Would you ever use the term peaky? 596: Well that's a peaky looking peaky. We use that word. He looks peaky. That means you don't look good. Interviewer: Uh that would mean would that mean the same as sallow? 596: Yessum something like that yes. He looks peaky {X}. He don't look like he oughta look. Interviewer: Alright. Uh {C: background noise} if I say to you that girl is very common. 596: Mm-hmm {NW}. {C: grunt} Interviewer: What would you think I meant? 596: Mm-hmm. Why you oh you know where you mean she look common or she just got common or what? Interviewer: Alright now wha- what would that mean she had uh she she didn't always behave herself? 596: No sometimes you look common {X} how you behave yourself. Interviewer: Alright what what does it mean when you look common? 596: The way I see it you just don't look tempered or something like that you just look kinda #1 uh you know you jus- well you just # Interviewer: #2 You look ugly or? # Trashy? 596: #1 Something I don't know what you'd call that. {NW} {C: laughing} # Interviewer: #2 Okay. {NW} Okay. {C: laughing} # 596: Sometimes th- th- they just look common just common looking. Sometimes they're not a bad or nice person but you just kinda look common. That's all just kinda common. Interviewer: And a person who can um who is very a man for example who's very big and muscular {C: faint grunt in background} #1 you say he's very. # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. # Mm-hmm. Interviewer: #1 He can lift he- things he's what kind of man he's a very. # 596: #2 Oh yeah. He'd be # Be husky. We call 'em husky. Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 596: #2 Yeah {X}. # Interviewer: Um if he's kind of #1 slightly overweight or or a little fleshy you might say that he's a what kind of man? # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # Well if he kinda o- overweight uh well I don't know what you'd call him. #1 He's stout I would he's stout. Yeah he's stout he's a stout man. # Interviewer: #2 Uh yeah now that's what I was thinking of that was the term I was thinking about. # 596: #1 Yeah. Yeah he sure is getting eh that man getting stout. He's getting stout right there. # Interviewer: #2 When you uh say stout you {X}. # #1 Alright so. # 596: #2 That mean he's getting overweight. {X} That's right. # Interviewer: Alright that's what I was thinking about that term. {C: faint grunts in background} #1 Somebody who's easy to get along with is very. # 596: #2 {NW} {C: grunts} # #1 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 He has a good disposition you say # he's very he's always. 596: Yeah humble kind or something like that. Interviewer: Or a good. 596: Yeah got a good disposition or something. Interviewer: Alright about a horse that was easy to get along with you'd say a horse was what. {C: grunts in background from 596} 596: He's got a good conditioned horse. Interviewer: You ever say good natured? 596: #1 Yessum well that's right good natured that's right. # Interviewer: #2 The horse. # #1 He's a good natured horse? # 596: #2 Yessum mm-hmm. # Interviewer: Would you ever say that about a person? 596: Well a good natured person we say {X} he's good natured. Interviewer: Alright. 596: That's all you knew about him you just every time you see him he seem like the same thing good natured. Interviewer: And a boy who's in his teens is likely to be all arms and legs #1 so he can't go through the room you'd say he's awfully # 596: #2 {X} # He's tall. Interviewer: #1 I'm talking about the fact that he bumps into things. {C: something drops in background} # 596: #2 That's right. # #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 He's awfully what? # 596: Awkward. Interviewer: Alright. 596: Awkward. Interviewer: #1 And a person who gets some money but never wants to spend it you call a. # 596: #2 Well he's stingy. # Interviewer: #1 {NW} Right. {C: laughing} Um. # 596: #2 {NW} {C: laughs} # Interviewer: #1 So w- suppose he's someone who's always trying to get something out of somebody. # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. # Yeah he's just a bummer. Interviewer: He's a bummer? 596: #1 Yeah he's a bummer. {NW} {C: laughing} # Interviewer: #2 Alright {NW}. {C: laughing} # A person who keeps on doing things that just don't make any sense you say he's just a plain {C: grunt in background} 596: Yeah he's just a regular uh he keep on {X} you mean doing something wrong? Interviewer: No just doing silly things. 596: Well I see a silly thing h- he just Interviewer: That guy's just a born. 596: He's just a fool I would say {X}. Interviewer: Would ever have any would you feel kinda funny about calling someone a fool? 596: No'm you ought not to call 'em just put that off long as you can. Don't tell him to his face unless you just have to. Interviewer: #1 {NW} {C: continuous laughing} # 596: #2 He's a fool. {X} You tell somebody else why he's a fool. # Interviewer: #1 {NW} {C: laughing} # 596: #2 {NW} {C: laughing} # #1 {NW} {C: laughing} # Interviewer: #2 Beautiful beautiful. {C: while laughing} # 596: {NW} {C: still laughing} Interviewer: Oh my. If um if an old lady is still you know she's quite elderly. But she's still very #1 quick and active and gets around a lot you'd say she's mighty. # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. {NW} {C: grunt} # Spry. Interviewer: Alright you'd s- ever say spry about an old gentleman? 596: Well active. Interviewer: #1 You say active about an old gentleman you tend to. # 596: #2 Yeah very active he's active that's what you say. # Interviewer: Alright do you ever say spry about young people? 596: #1 Well {X} # Interviewer: #2 Would you ever? # 596: No'm why {X} uh. Maybe if you use uh if it's a female you say she well you say well she's kinda a womanish you wanna be uh you know a spr- little too spry. If he's a man uh male we could say he's spry something like that a mannish or something like that. Interviewer: Mannish? 596: Yes. Interviewer: Alright what were you saying over here Mrs.? Auxiliary: I said frisky. Interviewer: Frisky? {NW} {C: laughing} Alright um the children are out later than usual 596: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 so you say I don't guess there's anything wrong # 596: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 but I just can't help feeling a little. # 596: Uneasy about it. Interviewer: Alright. 596: That's right. Interviewer: I don't wanna go through a graveyard in the dark because I'm. 596: #1 I'm a little {X} going down there. Little {X}. # Interviewer: #2 You're a little what? # #1 {X}? Haha {NW} {C: starts laughing} # 596: #2 {NW} {C: laughing} # #1 Wouldn't say I'm afraid just I'm kinda a little {X}. {NW} {C: laughs} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} {C: continues to laugh} # Oh and a person who gets afraid easily is kind of. 596: Yeah all the time finding boogers. Interviewer: Yeah you'd say what about him he's. 596: Well he's I don't know. I wouldn't know what you call that person always finding a booger. I don't know Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 596: #2 what you call it. # #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Do you ever say he's scary? # 596: Well he's scary or crazy or Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 596: #2 uh # Foolish or just what would you call it? All the time finding a booger. Interviewer: Uh someone who is not careful {X} that he is mighty. 596: #1 Um is he he's not careful. # Interviewer: #2 He's not careful so he's. # 596: {X} He's mighty unconcerned about himself or something. Interviewer: Alright if he's m- if he's not careful so he's care-. 596: Careless. Careless. Interviewer: There's nothing really wrong with Aunt Lizzy but sometimes she acts kinda 596: Act kinda foolish act kinda curious. Interviewer: Alright do you ever say queer? 596: #1 Yessum queer that's right queer. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # 596: So many things you can put there instead. Interviewer: Alright y- would you would you use queer now? 596: #1 Yessum she usually acting a little queer. # Interviewer: #2 She acts a little queer. # #1 If a man is very sure of his own ways and # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: never wants to change 596: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 you might say just don't be so. # 596: Silly. Interviewer: Alright or don't be so what in your ways. 596: Yeah don't be so well if he he got a way and he just got that way all the time and nobody can't tell him worse or not but he just gonna hold that one thing well I don't know what you'd call that kind of person. Interviewer: Did you s- ever say don't be so sot in your ways or? 596: #1 Yeah well something. Something like that. # Interviewer: #2 Don't be so pigheaded or. # #1 Okay. # 596: #2 {NW} {C: grunt} # Interviewer: Somebody that you can't joke with 596: #1 {NW} {C: grunts} Well that's right. # Interviewer: #2 unle- without him losing his temper. So he's mighty what? # 596: Uh he can't joke w- w- without him losing his temper. Interviewer: And he's mighty what? 596: Well I don't know what you call him {X}. Yeah I if he {X} to joke with him I just gonna warn him no joking with me. Interviewer: #1 {NW} {C: laughing} # 596: #2 If I find him like that and he gonna lose his temper # I said well {X} right quick you gonna lose your temper so you can't joke with me. Interviewer: Would you call him fractious or 596: #1 I wo- yeah I # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 596: no'm I wouldn't call him ei- either he's a fool {X} Interviewer: Okay I know you said fractious about that {X} 596: #1 Yes that's right he's fractious alright. # Interviewer: #2 {X}. That doesn't mean he lost his temper. # 596: #1 No. # Interviewer: #2 That just meant that he. # 596: He just active you know just wants to. Interviewer: He'd do i- he'd do his own thing. 596: That's right. That's right. (C: laughing in background) Interviewer: Um I was just kidding that man I didn't know he'd get so what? 596: Get so mad get so angry. Fly off the handle we'd say. Interviewer: Alright {C: laughing in background) Uh somebody's about to lose his temper #1 you might tell him now just keep keep. # 596: #2 Yeah. {NW} {C: grunts} # Hold your temper don't lose your temper now be careful. Interviewer: #1 Or keep calm. # 596: #2 You keep silent. # Don't lose your temper. Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: If you've been working very hard you say you are very 596: {NW} {C: grunt} {X} that you were very tired or something like that. Interviewer: Alright and what's just the worst you can say about that you're very very very #1 very tired. # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: What's the how do you express if you just can't get up out of the chair? 596: Well you just you just fatigued you just you just don't feel like getting up. you just go out. feel like you just gonna go out. Interviewer: Okay. {C: mutter in background} And Mrs. {B} over there said give out. You ever say that? 596: #1 Well sometimes I'll do that yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # If a person has been quite well and you hear that suddenly they have some sickness 596: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 you'd say # well last night she {C: grunts in background} 596: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 she what sick? # 596: La- last night well let's see well when I seen her she was bad spry. She was bad active. Interviewer: Mm-hmm but last night she did what? 596: Well she taken sick. Interviewer: #1 Alright. Now # 596: #2 Mm-hmm all of a sudden. # Interviewer: #1 If she has to go to bed you know someone goes to bed for a long illness you'd say # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. {NW} {C: grunts twice} # Interviewer: she did what sick? 596: #1 Uh. # Interviewer: #2 It was last year that my mother what # sick? 596: #1 Uh well taken sick {X}. # Interviewer: #2 Okay I was wondering about the expression got down sick. # 596: #1 Well that's a- that's right got down sick that's right. {NW} {C: grunt} # Interviewer: #2 Do you ever use that? I wonder if got down means you know that you're bedridden. # 596: Well. Interviewer: Would you say you wo- you got down sick if you took a cold but you didn't have to go to bed? No'm I wouldn't say that no'm I wouldn't call that got down sick. Well I'd say we- if you got down sick that just like you just taken sick and just kept on until you had to go to bed with it. 596: #1 That's called got down. # Interviewer: #2 I see. # 596: Some kind uh {X} you don't have to get down {X} why you just you not down sick yeah. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 596: #2 You just sick you just ill. # Interviewer: What did you say about a cold? You say you know I #1 uh set in a draft yesterday and last night I started coughing so I did what? # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. Yeah {NW} I # I'd taken a cold. Interviewer: Alright. #1 If it affect your voice you'd say I sure am? # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. Yeah hoarse. # Interviewer: Okay. {C: laughs} And if you {NW} {C: makes coughing noise} 596: You've got a cough. Interviewer: Alright {C: grunt in background}. Uh if someone is supposed to take medicine. 596: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: #1 And it you walk in the room and it's still there you say why haven't you # 596: #2 {NW} taken that medicine. {C: multiple grunts} # Interviewer: If you can't hear anything at all you say you're stone. 596: Mm-hmm crazy. Interviewer: #1 Stone well if you can't hear. # 596: #2 Deaf. # Yes ma'am deaf. Interviewer: #1 If a man has been working hard outside # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: and he comes in and he just wet 596: #1 Mm-hmm. {NW} Ah {C: grunt} # Interviewer: #2 you know take his shirt off and he say look how I. # 596: Look how I'm sweating or perspiring or what you'd call it. Interviewer: Alright uh and yesterday I but using sweat {C: grunt in background} 596: #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 yesterday I # what all day yesterday I. 596: Yeah I sweated all day. Interviewer: Alright. Do you remember when children a lot used to have a a big sore #1 come on their arm. It had a core in it. What were they? # 596: #2 {NW} that's right yeah. {C: multiple grunts} # We call that a riser we call that a boil. Interviewer: Ah. 596: Yessum. Interviewer: If {C: grunt in background} you opened one of those what was the stuff that came out? 596: Call that a core corruption. Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 596: #2 Yessum mm-hmm. # Interviewer: If you have one of those on your hand 596: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 you hand gets bigger than it oughta be you say my hand is what? # 596: Swolled up. Interviewer: Alright and um {C: grunts in background} #1 i- it got all swolled up yesterday and it's still pretty badly. # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. Yes # still swolled up some today. Interviewer: If you get a blister 596: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 now # the stuff that comes out of a blister is? {C: grunts in background} 596: We call that a watering blister. Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: In a war if a bullet goes through your arm you say you have a bullet. {C: grunts in background} 596: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Bullet what? 596: #1 In the in the arm? # Interviewer: #2 Yeah fo- if you get a # um a bullet in your arm in a war you say you have a bullet what? {C: grunts in background} 596: Uh bullet wound. Interviewer: And if it doesn't heal right {C: grunts in background} there he goes again. {C: background noise} #1 If it doesn't heal right you'll sometimes get a little raised # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: place around the the what the wound 596: #1 Yessum. {NW} {C: grunts} # Interviewer: #2 and some white stuff around it and some kind of flesh. # 596: Yeah. #1 Proud flesh we call it. # Interviewer: #2 Aha. # 596: #1 Yeah proud flesh. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} {C: laughs} # Do you still hear about that much? 596: No'm not so much you know. {X} they soon go to the doctor now. They don't take no chances on it. Yes we go to the doctor now and th- the doctor gives something to us. Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 596: #2 Yes ma'am. # Interviewer: If you get a little cut on your finger what do you put on it? To keep it from getting infected. 596: Well we put some kind of disinfect on it. Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 596: #2 Something to kill the poison out or something like that. # Interviewer: #1 Some people call it {X} some people. # 596: #2 {X} or iodine or something like that. # Interviewer: Alright and there's some medicine you used to take for malaria. 596: Yessum. Uh for malaria fever. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 596: When I well I remember I had malaria fever {X} strong medicine called Oxidine oxidine I believe yeah. {Gave us those. Bitter just bitter as gall. But it's good for that malaria. Interviewer: Does malaria come back after you've had it? 596: #1 Well it la- no'm. # Interviewer: #2 When you get rid of it. # 596: what do you mean like come back it takes so long for you to get it out of your system. Interviewer: #1 Really? # 596: #2 Takes so long for you to get it out of your system it just # stays with you long time. #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 When did you have malaria? # 596: Ma'am? Interviewer: #1 When did you have it? # 596: #2 Oh it's been about # #1 now that was nineteen thirty three I believe it was. Yeah thirty three sure was. # Interviewer: #2 Is that right? # 596: Nineteen thirty three I'd taken so much medicine. Til I went to a a dru- a drugist one day a doctor He said when I don't take more medi- you've done taken enough. Just try just try quitting. When I quit well I got better. Interviewer: #1 {NW} I think you were sick from the medicine. {C: laughs while speaking} # 596: #2 {NW} I did. {C: laugh} # Well I was taking so much of it I I I I I told him I done taken so much and nothing ain't turn no good and he said why don't you just try quitting? Interviewer: #1 {NW} {C: laughing} # 596: #2 I just quit. # And sure enough I didn't I I got better. Interviewer: #1 Oh that's funny. {NW} {C: laughing} # 596: #2 That's right. Right. # Interviewer: Alright um if {C: background thumping noise} a man was shot {C: background thumping noise} and he didn't recover you would say he did what? 596: #1 Well he died you'd say. # Interviewer: #2 Alright is there a # nice way of saying it so as not to t- to spare people? 596: Well you'd say he passed. Interviewer: Alright is there a joking way that people refer to it ever? 596: N- well let's see let's see if he got shot and didn't get well and he died or he he passed or some folks use an old word well he croaked. #1 But I didn't say anything. Yessum. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} That'd be kinda rude. {C: laughs} # #1 Say he croaked. # 596: #2 Yessum. # Interviewer: #1 Alright um # 596: #2 Something like that. # Interviewer: I don't know what he died talking about you know the disease I don't know what he died what? {NS} {C: birds chirping} 596: #1 Y- you say well I don't # Interviewer: #2 Uh talking about the disease he had {C: bird chirp in background} # 596: #1 Yessum. Yeah. {NW} {C: grunts} # Interviewer: #2 somebody might say well you know what caused him to die and you say I don't know what he died. # 596: I don't know what he died with. Well he h- h- he de- he dies. I don't know what he died with but he dead. Interviewer: Alright. Uh and a place where people are buried 596: {NW} {C: grunt} Interviewer: is 596: Graveyard or cemetery y- you'd call it. Interviewer: Alright suppose it was a little family plot. 596: Well that's a little family cemetery we'd call it. Interviewer: Alright suppose it were next to a church. 596: Well that's a church cemetery church graveyard you'd say. Interviewer: #1 So the cemetery and graveyard are the same thing. # 596: #2 Yeah it's the same same thing. # Interviewer: What about one of those great big ones in the city? 596: Well I I'd guess it'd be about the same thing. #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Would you ever call it a graveyard? # 596: Well a big cemetery I'd call it. Interviewer: Or you wouldn't tend to call those big the ones in the city. 596: Well I #1 that's just a big cemetery {X}. # Interviewer: #2 You wouldn't tend to call it a graveyard? # 596: Well no'm I reckon not in a way but I don't know what else to call it. Interviewer: #1 Okay. Alright that's {C: laughs while speaking} # 596: #2 Yes I wouldn't know what else to call it. {X} # Now what would you call it now a a big place right there in the city with the buried people? Interviewer: It depends. Um i- generally you tend to think of a graveyard most people tend to think of a graveyard as not being #1 one of those big commercial things. # 596: #2 Sure enough. # #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 A graveyard they tend to think of as being something # more #1 private like a church owned graveyard or something. But it varies # 596: #2 I see. Yeah mm-hmm. # Interviewer: from place to place. 596: Sure enough. Interviewer: #1 Mm-hmm. # 596: #2 Mm-hmm mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #1 You don't often find anyone referring to the one in town as a graveyard but # 596: #2 No mm-hmm. # Interviewer: there are some people who do. 596: #1 Yes ma'am. No no no I see. # Interviewer: #2 There's no correct answer right or wrong about it. # #1 It's all on how we get it in our heads. # 596: #2 That's right that's right. # Interviewer: When a person dies you put him the body in a. 596: In a coffin. Interviewer: #1 Alright uh # 596: #2 Uh. # Interviewer: Is that the part now this is the part that you carry it's not the the part that's down in the grave 596: #1 {NW} {C: grunts} # Interviewer: #2 before you put before you bury. # 596: When a person dies they're put a funeral home first. Interviewer: Yeah I'm thinking about the box. 596: Yessum the box yessum. Yeah you well you put 'em in a {C: bird chirp in background} When you get 'em ready {X} next thing they got to lay 'em out They put them in th- the coffin now they do. {C: bird chirp in background} And uh and around we call 'em coffins but it's {C: background thumping noise} Interviewer: #1 Forgotten anything. # 596: #2 Yessum that's right. # Interviewer: Is that the same as a casket? 596: #1 Yessum casket that's what I was trying to say all the time trying to say casket but forgot it. # Interviewer: #2 Alright now coffin and casket though are # 596: #1 N- ah no'm this is a little different. # Interviewer: #2 exactly the same thing. # 596: #1 What's the difference? # Interviewer: #2 Your uh coffin that's what folks used to make when all them person died they make that coffin # 596: and put him in as a coffin it's made kinda you know Interviewer: #1 It's shaped kinda like the person who died? # 596: #2 but yeah yeah that's right. # But a casket is more than a scrape. Yeah. Interviewer: #1 Ah the casket is the kind you buy then? Aha. # 596: #2 Yessum that's right that's a casket. That's a casket. # Interviewer: {D: Did you ever hear one of those called a pento?} 596: Well I don't know I might have. Interviewer: But it doesn't bring anything to your mind. 596: No no. Interviewer: Alright have you ever heard of the term wooden overcoat? 596: Mm yes ma'am {X} Interviewer: Which one would that be? 596: #1 Well that's a tha- that's what they home {X}. They used to make 'em you know. # Interviewer: #2 That's that coffin? # 596: They call 'em {X} #1 I have you putting on that wooden overcoat on like that you know yeah # Interviewer: #2 Oh I see. # 596: I didn't know a nickname for it you know. Interviewer: Alright and the cem- the ceremony at the cemetery or at the funeral home is it is the what. {C: grunts in background} 596: Well the ceremony it's jus- just like you #1 Long {X} of some kind. {C: bird chip in background} # Interviewer: #2 No I'm thinking about after someone's died. # 596: Yessum. Interviewer: What's the ceremony they hold? #1 The preacher preaches his. # 596: #2 Yessum he preach the funeral. # Yeah preach the funeral. Interviewer: And if people are dressed in black 596: #1 Yessum yessum yessum # Interviewer: #2 you say they're in they're in what? # 596: Well mourning. Interviewer: Alright and suppose you know sometimes you'll hear someone will die and then the family's really just extremely #1 grief stricken. And they cry you know for a long time and you said the family's really # 596: #2 That's right. {NW} {C: multiple grunts} # They're in mourning still in mourning you know they {X} they may have some kind of sign a long time they'll know that they's in mourning and I forgot #1 you know they not {X}. # Interviewer: #2 Alright you ever hear the term taken on? # 596: #1 Yessum yessum. # Interviewer: #2 And what does that mean what does that refer to? # 596: #1 Well # Interviewer: #2 I hear it sometime th- the people # #1 the women were really taken on. Now what does that mean? # 596: #2 Take on over the dead people that's # crying over 'em hollering over 'em screaming over the dead folk. Taken on that's what you talking about. Interviewer: Is that during the funeral or? 596: Well sometimes before the funeral come on. Interviewer: Before the funeral? 596: Yeah and sometime then after in the time of the funeral if y- you like that y- you say people sure they take on. then you know that's what they talking about. Interviewer: If somebody asks you just on the ordinary day how are you feeling today you'd say what. {C: grunts in background} Well I'd be a pretty fair I use that word myself. I'd be a fair that's what you'd call a fair. #1 {NW} {C: laughing} # 596: #2 {NW} {C: laughing} # Well I feel pretty good I don't feel bad I feel uh right as usual feel you know I feel fair. Some say I feel pretty good. {C: bird chirp in background} Some I feel very well and all like that. #1 You gotta have something to say. # Interviewer: #2 Alright. Yeah you do don't you. # Did you ever hear something like {C: bird chirp in background} fair to middling? 596: Yeah that's right. Interviewer: #1 Have you ever heard do you ever use that? # 596: #2 Yessum I no'm I didn't use it never did. # Interviewer: If the children are out late and your wife's getting a little upset you might say to her now they'll get home alright just don't 596: Yeah don't worry just don't worry now kinda be quiet they be there after a while. Interviewer: #1 Uh the disease # 596: #2 You hoping yourself # #1 ain't nothing happen to them. That's right {NW}. That's right. Well you just tryna {C: laughing} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} You're comforting them. {C: laughing} # 596: cheer up or something like Interviewer: Right. #1 A disease that you get in your joints is? # 596: #2 Yes ma'am. # {NW} Well joints we call that uh fever or something like that or now- nowadays we call it uh rheumatism or arthritis or something like that. Interviewer: #1 Are rheumatism and arthritis the same thing? # 596: #2 Yessum that's about the same thing. # Interviewer: Children used to have a disease that uh in their throat where their throat got all full of blisters 596: #1 Yessum. # Interviewer: #2 it was called dip- # 596: Diphtheria. That {X} that's rough. #1 We had a child had diphtheria. Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Oh did you? # 596: And then #1 the doctor gave him a shot {X} cured him of it. Cured him of it. # Interviewer: #2 Is that right? # #1 That's good. # 596: #2 Gave him that shot that evening and said now if you living # by morning you come back and report it. Next morning he was living and went back and reported it. He said well he wrote it down put it down he said well that's another case that we was able to stop. Interviewer: Is that right this must've been a long time ago. 596: #1 Yessum it was. # Interviewer: #2 Back when they were trying out cures for it. # 596: Yessum that was around that was nineteen twenty nine I believe it was. Interviewer: #1 Oh that was when they were still finding it and {X}. # 596: #2 Yessum. That's right yeah. # Interviewer: Good. {C: background noise} Uh there's also a disease where your skin and yo- or or your eyeballs or something turns yellow. 596: Yes ma'am yellow jaundice. Interviewer: #1 I see. # 596: #2 Yessum. # Interviewer: Um #1 when you have a pain down your right side you mi- you might have what. # 596: #2 Yeah. # Mm-hmm appendix or something like that. Interviewer: Alright did they used to call it cramp colic? 596: Yessum cramp colic or something like that. You was willing it to be camp cramp colic cuz yo- you wouldn't want it to be appendix cuz {X} to be operated. Interviewer: #1 Yeah then c- cramp colic is not the same thing as {X}. # 596: #2 No ma'am. No {NW}. {C: grunts} # Interviewer: If a man eats something that's not that won't agree didn't agree with him. 596: #1 Yeah. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 And it just wouldn't stay down he said he had to what. # 596: Well he uh he had a {X}. Interviewer: #1 Yeah but if he had to you know if it wouldn't stay # 596: #2 Oh yeah he vomit. # Interviewer: #1 Alright. {C: laughs while speaking} # 596: #2 Yeah he vomit. # Interviewer: Is there a nice way of saying it what's the nicest way you can say that? {C: grunts in background} 596: Well you say he puked you s- Interviewer: #1 Now that's not the nicest way I know is it? {NW} {C: laughs} # 596: #2 {NW} {C: laughs} # Well now vomit {X} Interviewer: #1 Vomit's better than that? # 596: #2 Uh heave or something like that. # Vomit or heave. That's about a nice way you can say it wouldn't it? Interviewer: #1 Okay and puke is not too g- great. # 596: #2 Yeah. Mm-hmm no that's a I think about a buzzard when you see that. # Interviewer: Oh really? 596: #1 {NW} {C: laughing} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} Why do you think about a buzzard? # 596: Well that's what he do you know. Interviewer: #1 Oh really? # 596: #2 Yeah. # Interviewer: I didn't know that. 596: Oh yeah buzzards that's what he yeah he puke that that's that's that's about the only thing they do on a regular. {X} Interviewer: #1 Is there a # 596: #2 That's just an old word we use you know. # Interviewer: Oh sure. And then if if you say a person vomited talking about his stomach 596: Yeah. Interviewer: you say he was sick. 596: Yes. Sick on his stomach. Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 596: #2 Yessum. # Interviewer: Um the boy is very much interested in a girl. 596: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: And he goes to see her a lot and he hangs around you'd say he's doing what? {C: grunts in background} 596: #1 {X} courting {X} # Interviewer: #2 Ah. # 596: #1 {NW} {C: grunt} # Interviewer: #2 Is that what they would have said about you? # 596: #1 No no. # Interviewer: #2 Back in the old days? # 596: My daddy my own daddy wouldn't say that he wouldn't say it like that. Interviewer: #1 He wouldn't? # 596: #2 No he wouldn't say that he wouldn't say it like that. # Interviewer: What would he say? 596: He call he call he he he call it boy I say he said that boy's kinda smelling around #1 seeing just his girl. {NW} {C: laughing} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} {C: laughing} # #1 He's smelling around. {NW} {C: laughing while and after speaking} # 596: #2 {NW} {C: laughing} # #1 Yeah I know he kinda smelling around that girl. {NW} {C: laughing} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} {C: laughing} # #1 Oh that's great. # 596: #2 {NW} {C: laughing} # Auxiliary: Or knocking around. 596: Yeah but he wouldn't say knocking around he just messing around. Interviewer: #1 Oh that's cute. # 596: #2 {NW} {C: laughing} # Interviewer: Well and then if they're going together you know if he's smelling around or {C: grunts in background} #1 you'd say- I like that. {C: breaks into laughter} # 596: #2 {NW} {C: laughing} # Interviewer: you'd say that he was her what? 596: Yeah uh nowaday they say I say that boy has a girlfriend. Interviewer: What'd they say in the old days? 596: Oh back in well they'd say this is my beau. Interviewer: #1 Beau? # 596: #2 I'd say beau {X} beau is what they say then. # Interviewer: And what would the girl be then he'd be her beau and she'd be his what? 596: Uh I don't know what di- what did they call the girl? {X} uh #1 I forget now just what'd they call them girls. # Interviewer: #2 I don't know. {C: mutter in background from auxiliary} # 596: #1 {NW} {C: laughing and a whoop at the end} # Interviewer: #2 No telling now. {C: mutter in background from auxiliary} # #1 That's right. # 596: #2 Well I don't know what # #1 I don't know. # Interviewer: #2 But you got him didn't you. # 596: #1 {NW} {C: laughing} # Interviewer: #2 And you've had him a long time. {NW} {C: laughs} # 596: Woo my {X} Interviewer: #1 Oh my goodness. # 596: #2 I'm telling you. {NW} {C: grunt} # Interviewer: Uh if he asks her to marry him and she didn't want him what would you say she did to him? {C: grunt in background} 596: Well she just if she didn't want him {X}. Interviewer: #1 Eh back a long time before huh? {NW} {C: laughs at end} # 596: #2 I'm telling you that's right. # Interviewer: Well suppose that uh he asked her to marry him. 596: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: And she didn't wa- she decided she didn't want to marry him so you'd say she did what to him. 596: Well I say she just decided she didn't wanna marry you wouldn't couldn't say it if they're around. She fooling. Because you know. Interviewer: An wha- what would it mean that she fooled him? 596: Why if h- if she pointing at him and didn't marry that's fooling. Interviewer: I see. 596: #1 Yes that's fooling. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 I see. # #1 Well would you say she turned him down or she threw him over or. # 596: #2 Well yeah something like that or # something like that. You see she put him down or something like that. Interviewer: Alright. Uh but if she said yes then they'd go ahead and get 596: Mm get married. Interviewer: Alright what's the uh at a wedding who's the man who stands up with the groom {NS} {C: bird chirp} what do they call him? 596: Uh groom the man he's called a h- h- he's called a be- a groom. Interviewer: The man but and the bride but then who stand when you got married what did you call the man that stood up with you? {C: grunt in background} 596: {X} Ah I can't think now what do we call we call now one that walks out with him. Uh the best man ain't it something like it we call #1 Yeah. Yeah best man I think. # Interviewer: #2 That's one thing you call it right. # What about the girl who stands up with the bride? 596: Mm-hmm. Well I she called the best lady too I think we call her. What's that? Auxiliary: Bride maiden. 596: Well I something like that I don't know I I. Interviewer: Okay Mrs. {B} said the bridesmaid. {C: need to bleep out name here}. 596: #1 Probably so. Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 So that's one thing that they call it right. # 596: #1 Mm-hmm. # Auxiliary: #2 {X} # Interviewer: Did you ever hear after a wedding 596: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: of people coming round the house where the couple was #1 and banging on pots and pans. # 596: #2 Yes ma'am. # Interviewer: What's that called? 596: Called shivaree. Interviewer: #1 Ah. # 596: #2 I used to be good at that. # Interviewer: #1 Did you? Tell me about it. # 596: #2 Ooh. {NW} {C: laughing} # Interviewer: What did you do? 596: Oh we go round them them rang bells and shoot guns and do other things. Interviewer: #1 {NW} {C: laughing} # 596: #2 And jus- just # Yes. {NW} #1 {NW} {C: continues to laugh} # Interviewer: #2 Oh yeah Mrs. {B} says you were were a main leader of that. # 596: Woo. Interviewer: #1 Was this done the night uh after the wedding? Wedding night. # 596: #2 Yes ma'am. Yes ma'am the wedding night. # Interviewer: Okay then wha- what would make you stop did they have to invite you in or do anything to you? 596: No we just stopped maybe we'd have sense we'd have the sense maybe just after a while. Interviewer: {NW} {C: laughs} Do they ever give you anything for doing it? 596: No not a thing. #1 No not a thing. # Interviewer: #2 And it didn't indicate th- th- that you didn't like the fact that they got married. # #1 You just a a way of teasing 'em. # 596: #2 Yes ma'am. I just # why in fact I just reckon I know one couple got mad and we didn't shivaree him. He #1 he didn't like it a bit. {NW} {C: laughing} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} {C: laughing} # #1 Oh I like that. # 596: #2 {NW} {C: laughing} # He didn't like it he says uh I thought y'all was gonna come around and {X}. No we ain't getting around I bet y'all was scared I wasn't gonna bother you. No we didn't know what you might do we know #1 We just didn't get a round to him {X} but he didn't like that a bit he thought. Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 You insulted him. # 596: well he #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Did were you all shivaree when you were married? # 596: #1 No'm did the shivaree? I don't believe they did I I # Auxiliary: #2 No. # 596: That's one time I didn't have to reap what I sow. Interviewer: #1 {NW} {C: Laughing} # 596: #2 {NW} {C: Laughing} {C: auxiliary mutter in background} # #1 {NW} {C: continues to laugh} # Interviewer: #2 Is that right? {NW} {C: continues to laugh} # Oh that's a shame. That's really a shame {C: laughing from 569 and auxiliary in background} Auxiliary: #1 {X} # 596: #2 {NW} {C: laughing} # Interviewer: Oh that's great {NW}. {C: continues to laugh}. Did you do it after you were married did you still 596: #1 I did I did I kinda # Interviewer: #2 {X}? # 596: kept you know still carried it on for a while. Interviewer: Oh that's cute I like where was this uh #1 this was in Franklin County? # 596: #2 Yes ma'am it was in Franklin County. # Interviewer: Did you ever hear of a {X} done around here? 596: No'm I never did no'm I never hear of it not nowhere. No'm I just heard it played out Interviewer: #1 Yeah things do don't they. # 596: #2 {X} # Oh we used to spend some time shivareeing wouldn't let nobody get by. Interviewer: #1 You wouldn't now. {NW} {C: laughs} # 596: #2 No. # Nuh-uh they can sit up late if you want to but they gonna go to bed after a while if they don't we gonna ease up on top of the house and pour water down the chimney and put the fire out #1 and all that. And all that and all. # Interviewer: #2 You're kidding. # #1 You put water down the chimney and put the fire out? # 596: #2 Down the chimney and put the fire out you know {X} # The only thing would be with the lights all lights and nothing like that put the fire out and leave 'em in the dark and oh all them bells rang guns a shooting and all like that. Interviewer: Oh tha- that's great. Uh if talking about you know a whole uh a lot of people #1 all together you know # 596: #2 Yeah, yeah. # Interviewer: and they were doing something bad. 596: {NW} {C: grunt} Interviewer: #1 you know r- raising a ruckus you might say the police came and arrested the # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. {NW} Mm-hmm. {C: multiple grunts} # So many of them like that. Interviewer: #1 Or if they arrested all of them you'd say arrested the what. # 596: #2 Yeah. Mm-hmm. # A whole bunch of 'em he caught 'em a whole bunch #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Alright. # Uh when people a long time ago people used to to have entertainment maybe in houses and they'd have something called maybe a square a square what? Where they you know had music and um 596: Square dance? Interviewer: #1 Yeah did you all ever have any dances in the house? # 596: #2 No no sure didn't. # Interviewer: #1 You didn't do any square dances you have any kind of dances? # 596: #2 No. # No'm we didn't back it around here where we was just sometime on Saturday night just have a we call a break down #1 something like yessum. # Interviewer: #2 Break down? What was that like? # 596: Oh that was some dancing and going on like that like that maybe start selling something you know a little party #1 {X} dancing or something like that. # Interviewer: #2 Was that at a home or- # 596: Well maybe at a somebody's house locally at somebody's house you know. Interviewer: You spent your time shivareeing. 596: #1 Yessum that's right. {C: loud sharp background noise} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} {C: laugh} # Oh my. Uh if a boy left home to go to school and he didn't show up at school 596: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: is it getting late for you? 596: #1 Yes no that's alright. # Interviewer: #2 We're just almost through. # 596: That's alright. That's alright. That's alright. Interviewer: #1 What time do you # 596: #2 I ain't got nothing I ain't got nothing to do but sit here twenty five minute past six. # Interviewer: #1 Oh is it that late? When do you eat dinner though? # 596: #2 Yessum. # We since you live here we. Yessum. Interviewer: It's not getting around toward time to eat again? 596: No it's alright no that's alright. Interviewer: You said it was it was what time I'm sorry? What time did you tell me it was? 596: Uh it's uh twenty-five past six. Interviewer: That means it's almost what it's what. 596: Yessum it's going on toward seven. Interviewer: #1 Okay. # 596: #2 Yessum {X} six-thirty. # Interviewer: Would you ever say {X} into another question 596: #1 {NW} {C: grunt} # Interviewer: #2 Would you ever say half past six? # 596: Yessum I say it sometimes ha- half past six. Interviewer: Suppose you know suppose it was six-thirty 596: #1 Well that's # Interviewer: #2 and it was fifteen minutes # later than that {C: grunt in background}. 596: #1 Mm-hmm. Well I say I say it's uh # Interviewer: #2 How would you tell me what time? # 596: uh six forty-five. Interviewer: Okay would you ever say quarter to seven? 596: Yessum quarter to seven something like that just the same like that six forty-five or quarter to seven. Interviewer: Either one. 596: #1 Yessum. Yessum that's right. # Interviewer: #2 You wouldn't use one more than the other? # Alright. 596: That's right. Interviewer: Uh #1 let's say I started to ask you a boy left home to go to school he didn't get there you say he did what. # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # Well he we call that uh {X} we call that now? uh there was a boy who used to do that round here in this country. #1 I think- # Interviewer: #2 Played. # 596: Ma'am? Interviewer: He played. 596: Uh I can't call I know what I'm talking about but I can- I just can't #1 can't call that what y- what you call that. # Interviewer: #2 Is it played hooky? # 596: #1 Well no- now that's what I'm trying to say. # Interviewer: #2 Aha. # 596: #1 That's what I'm trying to say but it just got away from my mind. # Interviewer: #2 {NW} {C: laugh} # #1 Oh that's only two things. I think you're still pretty good. # 596: #2 Yeah. Played hooky. Yeah. # Played hooky that's what I was trying to say but it just wouldn't #1 my mind wouldn't say hooky. # Interviewer: #2 Yeah well I'm st- I found that problem # 596: #1 Yeah. Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 even with me. # You go to college in order to get a good what. 596: Uh get a good college learning. Interviewer: Alright or a good e-. 596: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 A good edu-. # 596: Education. Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 596: #2 That's right. # Interviewer: Uh and after high school you might go on to 596: Yeah you go on to college and you finish your twelfth grade we call that no go on to entering college. Interviewer: Alright and what's the first uh when a child enters school 596: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 first time you'd say what's the first thing he goes into? # 596: Well it used to be way back in my day alphabet. Interviewer: Really? 596: Yeah it used to be in my day and time. Interviewer: What do they call it now? What is it try- is there a a grade or 596: Call call it uh uh primer primer or primary who do you call that first little grade. Auxiliary: Kindergarten. 596: Hmm? Auxiliary: Kindergarten. 596: Kindergarten? Why do y- why that kindergarten means that you just not started. Interviewer: You know after kindergarten. 596: Yessum. Then you go to school after kindergarten. Interviewer: Yeah would that be the the first reader or the first #1 class? # 596: #2 N- well I first grade yessum wouldn't be the first p- primer I reckon. # Interviewer: Okay. 596: We used to call it primer. Interviewer: #1 Used to call it primer {X}. # 596: #2 Yeah. Yeah. Yeah we used to call it primer. # #1 Yeah. # Interviewer: #2 Alright. # 596: If you leave your your A B C that what we call um. alphabet the next with the primer Interviewer: When you go to school you sit at a you sit down at a 596: Y- 'em at a desk you mean? Interviewer: Uh-huh if you have more than one of those the room has thirty-five what desks? {C: grunts in background} 596: Yes ma'am. Interviewer: Thirty-five what? 596: Uh seats. Interviewer: Or {X} and desks. 596: #1 Yessum. # Interviewer: #2 There's thirty-five. # 596: Desks. #1 Yeah. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 Alright. # Um #1 you sta- if you go into a strange town you stay overnight at a what? # 596: #2 {NW} {C: multiple grunts} # Well at a hotel. Interviewer: #1 Alright. And you # 596: #2 Or a motel. # Interviewer: #1 might go see a movie at a at a what. # 596: #2 Yeah. Mm-hmm. # At a picture show. Interviewer: Alright or is there anything else they would call it a thea-? 596: Let's see a movie sure #1 A theater. Yes ma'am. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 Alright good. # Um when you went to the hospital your doctor was there but there was a woman too who looked after you. 596: #1 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 She was a. # 596: Nurse. Interviewer: And where do you catch a train? 596: Ma'am? Interviewer: #1 You catch a train at the # 596: #2 The station. # Interviewer: Alright you might call it the rail 596: Railroad. The railroad station. Interviewer: Alright. Uh do you ever call it a depot? 596: #1 Depot yes ma'am. Yes ma'am. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #2 Depot now? Alright. # Is that an old word you think? 596: Ma'am? Interviewer: Do they still use depot? 596: No'm they don't call it no no depot. Interviewer: #1 That's an old old. # 596: #2 Yeah that's just an old way of using it. # Interviewer: Alright if you are walking say this is a room. 596: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: If you walk across the room this way you say you're walking across it how? 596: Uh angling. Interviewer: #1 Angling? Alright. # 596: #2 Yeah angling. Yeah. # Interviewer: #1 Suppose there was a piece of furniture sitting in a corner you know across the corner. # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. Yessum. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: How would you say the cor- furniture was sitting? 596: Across the corner. Interviewer: #1 Uh-huh. # 596: #2 We call it catty corner. # Interviewer: #1 Alright. {NW} {C: laughing} # 596: #2 {NW} {C: laughing} # Interviewer: #1 You like that? {NW} {C: continues to laugh} # 596: #2 Yeah.{NW} {C: continues to laugh} # Interviewer: #1 I like that word. # 596: #2 {NW} {C: continues laughing} # Interviewer: Um back over in Jackson I'm told they used to have some things that you rode on in town that had tracks 596: Yes. Interviewer: and a wire. 596: #1 Ah that's right that's right. # Interviewer: #2 That wa- those were what? # 596: Street car. Interviewer: If you were riding on one of those and you saw your stop coming up you might say to the conductor I want. 596: Yessum. Interviewer: I want what? 596: On uh uh I want a street car I want a ride. Interviewer: If you were on it though. 596: Yessum I wanna stop. Yessum I wanna stop. Interviewer: Alright I wanna get 596: Yeah I wanna get off here. You rang that bell {NS} {C: sound of fist pounding} like that he'd stop Interviewer: #1 {NW} {C: laughs} # 596: #2 and let you off. # Interviewer: Did you ever ride 'em? 596: That's right. Yes ma'am I ride 'em oh down in New Orleans. And in Nashville. I used to go to Nashville. Interviewer: #1 Alright. # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: Uh in Lincoln County talking about where the government is you know you'd say in Lincoln County Brook Haven is the what of Lincoln County? 596: Capital of Lincoln County somebody will say. Interviewer: Alright. Um and if you are a postmaster you get paid by the federal 596: Government. Interviewer: And the police in the town are supposed to maintain what? 596: Uh uh peace yes ma'am. Interviewer: Alright and there's something else kind of a catch word that people start using. Uh you so- sometimes put it together with order. They're supposed to maintain what? 596: Uh order. {X} Maintain Interviewer: The law. 596: Let's see. I don't know what you call it but he's that he's that Interviewer: You can say it a little louder if you want to. 596: He gotta keep peace. And uh Auxiliary: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 Very good. # #1 You can say it louder so he can hear you. # Auxiliary: #2 I said law. # Interviewer: Law and 596: Oh lord yeah that's his business Interviewer: Law and order? 596: Law and order why sure that's right. Interviewer: #1 You ha- you know when these political candidates get up they say we're get tough and we're gonna have # 596: #2 Yeah. # Interviewer: #1 better what law? # 596: #2 Yeah law that's right laws and all of that. # He say that he gonna do that until he get in. Interviewer: #1 {NW} Right. {C: laughs} # 596: #2 {NW} {C: laughs} # Interviewer: Uh the fight between the Northern and the Southern states uh that was called around here they call that the what? 596: Uh between the North and the South? Interviewer: Yes sir. 596: Why they used to have what'd they call 'em uh uh the Mason-Dixon line was crossed there uh uh between the whites and the and the coloreds. Interviewer: No I'm thinking more about back in the eighteen hundreds about eighteen sixty-five. 596: Yes. Interviewer: They had the war you know the North fought the South. 596: Yessum well tha- well that was was that the Civil War? Interviewer: #1 Uh would tha- would that be what they call it around here? Alright. # 596: #2 I think so yeah the Civil War. # Yeah that's the Civil War. Interviewer: Alright I need to try to #1 to wor- to get you to say some state names for me. # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: And we'll just play around with this and see how it works out. It's not I'm not #1 testing you in any way. # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: #1 And I want to get you to say the state for me so I'll see how they pronounce the state here. # 596: #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: Example New Orleans is in what state? 596: #1 Uh in Louisiana. Louisiana. {NW} {C: grunts} # Interviewer: #2 Okay you know in some parts of the country. Around here they say Louisiana. # 596: #1 Yes ma'am. # Interviewer: #2 Well in some parts of the country they pronounce it Louisiana. # 596: #1 Yessum. Yes ma'am. # Interviewer: #2 You've heard that haven't you? # Okay so what this is the point of this little group of questions to see how they pronounce {X} {C: reel distorts and fades into silence} Interviewer: uh up in the the East there's a state the city is Baltimore 596: Baltimore Interviewer: What state would that 596: That's in Maryland, ain't it? Interviewer: alright and Roanoke is in 596: Virginia? Interviewer: Raleigh? 596: North Carolina Interviewer: Charleston? 596: South Carolina. Interviewer: Atlanta? 596: Georgia. Interviewer: Uh Tallahassee? 596: Florida. Interviewer: Birmingham? 596: Alabama. Interviewer: Uh Louisville? 596: Kentucky. Interviewer: Um Memphis? 596: Tennessee. Interviewer: Saint Louis? 596: Missouri. Interviewer: Little Rock? 596: Arkansas. Interviewer: Uh and this State is 596: uh Interviewer: What we're in. This- 596: Uh I mean uh our state is in uh Mississippi #1 Jackson Mississippi Jackson Mississippi # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # Oh you were doing so well I sure hate to trip you on your own state 596: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 596: #1 # Interviewer: #2 # 596: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 Uh # Dallas? 596: Texas. Interviewer: Uh Tulsa? 596: Oklahoma. Interviewer: Boston? 596: Massachusetts. Interviewer: Alright and Albany? 596: Georgia Interviewer: Okay that's what I was afraid you were gonna say. {NW} there's another Albany 596: {X}. Interviewer: Uh-huh up in what's the big state up north where they been having the power problems lately um the state and the city have the same name it's new 596: New Hampshire or New Jer-Jersey or Interviewer: Keep trying you're right next to it 596: New Hampshire New Jersey new Interviewer: New Yo- 596: New York or Interviewer: that's what I was looking for- 596: #1 Yes I'd say # Interviewer: #2 okay # you'd call that new- instead of saying it's New York City you'd say it's New York what 596: N- New York City? Interviewer: Or New York 596: Albany New York Ne-New York or uh Interviewer: New York state? 596: Yeah New York State now Interviewer: okay to make the difference 596: that's right yeah Interviewer: Alright and then if that group of states up there Maine Connecticut Vermont New Hampshire they're all called the what states the new 596: Where what states? Interviewer: Yeah the new england 596: new england yes ma'am Interviewer: Yeah they- they're called the what states? the new england states? 596: yeah the new england or new england I think I heard it Interviewer: That's fine 596: Yes Interviewer: Alright now I'm gonna give you um a state and try to get what do I hear down there 596: Crows Interviewer: Really what are they there for 596: Ah they chasing something maybe a hawk or just something the other day that's chasing 'em around maybe a bird or something Interviewer: Oh really I hadn't heard 'em before 596: Yeah them's crows Interviewer: your mule has been quiet 596: Yeah Interviewer: Do you have to feed him at night? 596: No ma'am I feed him every morning but I see he been getting up here all day I I I just he he's a sport you now right Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Alright now we'll go backward until I give you the State and Let you you know play around with trying to give me the city 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer: Okay the city we were talking about in Maryland is Bal- 596: Baltimore. Interviewer: Alright and Missouri? Saint 596: uh St. Louis? Interviewer: Alright I'll give you the first sound of the 596: Yeah Interviewer: In South Carolina it's Charl- 596: Charleston mm-hmm Interviewer: In Alabama it's Bir- 596: Um Birmingham Interviewer: In Illinois it's 596: It's Chicago Interviewer: In Alabama there are a couple of them #1 there besides Birmingham there's Mont- # 596: #2 Mm-hmm mm-hmm # Montgomery Alabama Interviewer: and mo 596: and mobile. Interviewer: Alright and in North Carolina there's a place called Ash- 596: Ash Ashton wasn't it? Interviewer: Uh Asheville? 596: Asheville yeah Asheville Interviewer: in Tennessee 596: mm-hmm Interviewer: there are four big cities 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: There's Mem- 596: Um Te- Memphis? Interviewer: Uh-huh there's Nash 596: Um oh uh um Interviewer: Ah you have company 596: no ma'am don't know who that is Auxillary: can you tell me where {X} is {NS} 596: Who that? Interviewer: Clarabelle {B} Auxillary: Clarabelle {B} 596: no ma'am I don't know- I don't believe I know ms. it's on the smith lake road? I don't believe I know 'em Auxillary: {X} 596: yes ma'am. Interviewer: You're in a handy place for people to ask directions 596: Yes for sure {NW} Clarabelle {B} Interviewer: Never heard of her cause {X} 596: I don't know any Interviewer: They may be on the wrong road 596: Yeah that's about what there Auxillary: {X} 596: #1 No uh-huh # Interviewer: #2 That's true # 596: But I don't know no {B} around here. Interviewer: Mm Uh Let's see we were talking about cities in Tennessee 596: That's it Interviewer: Alright there's Memphis 596: #1 In Me- Memphis Tennessee, Memphis # Interviewer: #2 In Tennessee there's cit- and Na- # 596: Nashville Tennessee Interviewer: and Kno- 596: Knoxville Tennessee Interviewer: And Cha- 596: Chattanooga Tennessee Interviewer: In Georgia there's Atlan- 596: Atlanta Georgia Interviewer: And Sava- 596: s- uh Sava- S- uh Savannah Georgia Interviewer: Good 596: And a Interviewer: Colum- 596: Uh What that? Interviewer: Colum- 596: Columbus Georgia Interviewer: And what about Ma- 596: Mm Mac- uh Interviewer: Macon? 596: Macon Macon I'd say Macon Georgia Interviewer: Alright 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer: And in Louisiana or Louisiana new 596: Well now New Orleans Interviewer: And Bat- 596: Baton Rouge Interviewer: #1 and yeah # 596: #2 {D: and Bogalusa} # And all in a Interviewer: in Ohio there's Cin- 596: Cincinnati Interviewer: In Kentucky there's Louie 596: Louisville Kentucky Interviewer: And the city where the government's located you know in the Federal government that's what? 596: #1 um # Interviewer: #2 what's the # place where the federal government's located? 596: mm-hmm the federal- the federal Interviewer: wash 596: Washington DC? Interviewer: Alright 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer: Before they had an electric chair, murderers were 596: uh before it had electric chair? Interviewer: Mm-hmm What'd they do to murderers 596: Why the hung used to hang 'em #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 okay # You'd say that um the murderer was what was 596: Wha- the murderer Interviewer: was 596: mm well I let's see we I understanding {NS} now you- you'd have they got electric chair now Interviewer: uh-huh back in the old days we're talking about hanging him 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: you'd say the murderer was what? 596: well I well I don't know what you'd call the murderer. Interviewer: Hung 596: Hung yes we say he was hanged Interviewer: he was hanged #1 yeah that's what I was trying to find out # 596: #2 yeah yes well he was hanged # Interviewer: And if he did it to- if a man did it to himself #1 you'd say # 596: #2 mm-hmm # Interviewer: he did what himself 596: Well you'd say a- a murder he he he committed suicide Interviewer: yeah but he- would you say he hanged himself 596: well hanged himself yes. yeah Interviewer: or hung himself? 596: well he hung himself or hanged himself either one and we- either one that'd do Interviewer: okay uh talking about um on Sunday morning you go to on Sunday morning #1 Sometime # 596: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: People go to 596: I'd go to Sunday School Church Interviewer: #1 Alright # 596: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: If someone becomes a member of the church they'd say they did what? 596: #1 ch- # Interviewer: #2 They- # 596: he join the church yes ma'am Interviewer: Alright in church you pray to 596: pray to the Lord Interviewer: or G 596: you'd pray to God yes ma'am Interviewer: and if you're not serving God who are you serving 596: You serving the devil and serving his heart. Interviewer: Alright {NS} uh in church the preacher preaches a 596: Sermon he yes ma'am preaches them. Ought to preach a a message Interviewer: Alright and there- in some churches they have a choir and an organ {X} 596: Yes ma'am Interviewer: #1 and they # 596: #2 that's right # Interviewer: provide the what? 596: music Interviewer: right. If you had a flat tire on the way to church 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer: You might say ah church is gonna be over 596: Gonna be late I'm gonna be late for church {X}. Interviewer: It's gonna be over what 596: Over that's what church'll be over before I get there Interviewer: Alright 596: {X} get there before they say the benediction Interviewer: Is there any joking way that people refer to the devil? 596: Yes in all kind of Interviewer: #1 what do they call him? # 596: #2 ways # Well they call him call him Devil that why they call him boogeyman Interviewer: Ah 596: tell little children that the boogeyman gonna get you and all like that and call him Satan And they always call him all kinda names you know mm-hmm Interviewer: Alright what ab- People sometime think they see them at night around a graveyard 596: Well I dare say I seen a gh- gh- ghost or something like a bat or something like that. Interviewer: Alright and a house where these thing's might l- 596: Yeah call that Haunted Interviewer: Uh-huh 596: They called haunted house Interviewer: Do you ever call a ghost haunts? or haunts? 596: Yes ma'am but they call a ghost I guess so #1 I mean but # Interviewer: #2 I mean did # People ever use that term back in the old days? 596: Yes ma'am he did he did they'd say a spirit that what they say. Interviewer: A spirit? 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: {C: laughter} 596: he wouldn't say a spirit be a spirit {C: pronunciation} Interviewer: a spirit {C: pronunciation} #1 That's interesting # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Alright if a man owns a five hundred let's say five hundred acres of land 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer: And somebody says how much land does that man own? You didn't know it was five hundred acres #1 Exactly # 596: #2 no, mm-hmm. # Interviewer: and you just wanted to tell him that it was a good bit you might say well he owns a what of land? he owns a 596: yeah he's got maybe five hundred acres or more #1 um something like that # Interviewer: #2 if you didn't # Know though that he owned five hundred acres you'd want to illu- you know tell the person 596: #1 Yeah # Interviewer: #2 that he owned a # You know some land 596: yeah Interviewer: and that it was uh good bit of land 596: mm-hmm Interviewer: you might say well he owns a what of land a right 596: well uh uh well you see he owns a whole I don't know how you would call it Interviewer: Okay I- I- what I'm trying to g- find out if you say is right smart 596: Yes ma'am. Interviewer: Does he own a right smart of land? 596: Yes ma'am right smart that's right he own a right smart of land don't know how much it is exactly but you own a right smart of land Interviewer: You'd be likely to say that? 596: yes. #1 More than I like # Interviewer: #2 would you say # 596: yeah Interviewer: I'm exploring how we use that would you say he was in a right smart pain? 596: In a right smart what? Interviewer: Right smart pain? 596: No ma'am well yes actually something like that yeah I'd say he's in right smart in a right smart or so and so Interviewer: I'm talking about pain but talking about pain 596: Yeah Interviewer: And I'm trying to find out i- under what in what ways we'd use right smart. 596: now Interviewer: a man you know who's suffering would you say well he's a right smart of pain? 596: Well uh no ma'am I'd say he's in right smart misery Interviewer: misery? #1 Okay # 596: #2 yeah yeah # How he's in the right smart of misery. Interviewer: alright would you say he has a right smart of money? 596: Yes ma'am I say it like that Interviewer: He has had a right smart of trouble? 596: Yes ma'am that's right {X} say it like that. Interviewer: He's had a right smart of good luck? 596: Well h- well he has been well I could say it like that Interviewer: #1 you could # 596: #2 you see yes # Interviewer: #1 alright # 596: #2 mm-hmm # Interviewer: what about- would you say he's had a right smart of bad luck? 596: well yes ma'am I could #1 say it like that. # Interviewer: #2 And one more # thing would you ever say it's rained a right smart here? 596: yes ma'am that's right I say it like that. {NS} Interviewer: Okay {NS} {NS} Uh when you meet someone o- on the street you know that you know well 596: yeah Interviewer: friend how do you great them? 596: Well uh if I meet 'em I know or I maybe I walk up and shake hands with 'em and something like that. and I'd speak to 'em well I'm tell 'em I'm glad to see 'em or something like that uh or I wasn't expecting to see you or something like that. Interviewer: Would you say anything like how you doing or how you getting along? 596: that's right yeah Interviewer: What would you be saying? What would- 596: Well I- would I be mean all the time Interviewer: {NW} 596: Yeah how you getting along how you feeling today or something like that or just you know let 'em know that I'm appreciating it. yeah Interviewer: When you're introduced to- to a stranger what would you say? 596: well if I'm {X} I walk up and tell them {NS} this is like so and so Interviewer: someone says this is mister {B} 596: #1 Ya that's right # Interviewer: #2 and you say what to the other person? # 596: Well they a a I a Interviewer: they tell you this is mister smith 596: #1 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: #2 Then what do you say/ # 596: I say well I'm glad to shake your hand mr smith or something like that Interviewer: okay um {NS} December the twenty fifth what do you say to people? 596: Well this is Christmas Interviewer: Uh-huh and what do you say? how do- what do you you wish 'em? 596: Well I wish 'em a- a Christmas and a Christmas gift and tell 'em both of 'em I say {X} put that to the hymn you know. Interviewer: uh-huh 596: Christmas Christmas gift Interviewer: and he has to what 596: yeah he- well you had {X} he something maybe, maybe he tell you about well you you have to wait {D: till I} get to Christmas or something like that you know. Mm-hmm. Interviewer: Are they supposed to give you gift when you say- 596: well they- they don't want to you just tell 'em Interviewer: #1 Well I mean # 596: #2 that # Interviewer: back in the old 596: Yes ma'am in the old days probably they Interviewer: #1 might use something # 596: #2 Was that the- # But {X} let you know {X} thinking about Christmas time. Interviewer: I'd say. Do you ever wish um a merry #1 Christmas? # 596: #2 Oh yeah. # that's right wish you a merry Christmas. Interviewer: alright um what do you say on the first of January? 596: we- well I the new year. Interviewer: Uh-huh What do you wish people? 596: well I wish you happy new year. Interviewer: Is there anything um {X} if theres anything- is there any um superstitions you know you eat something special on new years day or 596: that's what they say yeah Interviewer: do you? 596: No ma'am I don't think nothing about it {X} sure we have something to boil that day {X} black eyed peas and all like that that day so you have a you would maybe be lucky all the year to have vegetables and meat and all like that. Interviewer: ah. 596: but people you know an it is {X} Interviewer: Alright If you um have to go buy some things you say I have to go downtown to do some 596: shopping Interviewer: did they used to say something else? 596: #1 well # Interviewer: #2 Like trading? # 596: trading yes ma'am Interviewer: alright If you were gonna get groceries what do you say I'm going downtown to do what 596: make groceries hear 'em say now Interviewer: yeah now that's interesting I- I just ran across that 596: Well make groceries. Interviewer: that means to buy them? 596: Gonna buy 'em but talking about he's gonna make groceries or buy groceries what he gonna do. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 And if you # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: if you ma- if you buy something the store keeper will take a piece of paper he took a piece of paper and he what? 596: well he wrapped it. Interviewer: and when you got home you 596: you unwrapped it. yeah Interviewer: if you have to sell something for less than you paid for it you'd say You had to sell it what? 596: Well I had to sell it below cost. Interviewer: Alright if you like something real much #1 that you see in turn # 596: #2 mm-hmm mm-hmm # Interviewer: #1 you'd like to buy it but you don't have the money you said oh it what to much it co- # 596: #2 mm that's right mm # Mm-hmm. Interviewer: It what too much? 596: Yeah it is- is cost too much you'd say it cost too much. Interviewer: Alright and on the first of the month the bi- all your bills come 596: come due. Interviewer: and if you belong to a club you have to pay the 596: {D: you have to} pay the club for it. Wi- Interviewer: Alright you have to pay the club what dues? 596: Club dues thats right. Interviewer: you don't have enough money you have to go to the bank 596: #1 yeah and # Interviewer: #2 and # 596: borrow some. Interviewer: But it might be hard to get because money is really 596: that's right Interviewer: really what? 596: hard to get and money is something hard to get and sometime if you {X} if you can't get it yourself you gotta get somebody to identify you or something like that. Interviewer: okay, if something if something like that is hard to find you might say that it's really sca- 596: They are scarce. yes Interviewer: Alright, talking about children playing in the water 596: mm-hmm Interviewer: you'd say um the boy ran down to the board and he what in? 596: Ya he dive off well now dived off of there and we say dive off {X} Interviewer: okay 596: uh-huh Interviewer: and lots of boys have what off that board 596: {X} dived off that board Interviewer: #1 alright # 596: #2 {X}. # Interviewer: uh if you dive in and hit the water flat or on your stomach you call that a 596: um uh I don't know what it called we call it a flat dive Interviewer: #1 a flat dive? # 596: #2 is when # yeah Interviewer: alright um the boys wanted to get acro- well the boy wanted to get across the river so he dived in and he what? 596: swimmed on across. Interviewer: Alright and the children sure like to in that creek sure like to 596: play in that creek Interviewer: or swim 596: or swim in that creek. Interviewer: alright and I have what there myself I have 596: swim in that creek. Interviewer: #1 alright # 596: #2 {X} # Interviewer: if a child puts it's head down on the ground and picks up his feet and goes over you'd say he turned a what? 596: turned a somersault. Interviewer: #1 alright # 596: #2 mm-hmm # Interviewer: When you buy something or you pay your bill sometimes a store keeper will give a little present and he'll say it's for 596: Mm yeah that's for appreciation Interviewer: yeah but there's something else lan- 596: uh lagniappe Interviewer: Aha 596: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # 596: {NW} Interviewer: Do you still use that term much? 596: yes ma'am lagniappe Interviewer: #1 what di- what does lagniappe mean? # 596: #2 {X} # well I don't lagniappe I don't know it is that just old something or other Interviewer: do people ever give you lagniappe? 596: no no we don't get no lagniappe now no lagniappe giving now. Interviewer: #1 I see # 596: #2 Well you just # pay for- you- you- you pay for it now that's all I know. Interviewer: I see. 596: no lagniappe now. Interviewer: What does a baby do before he's able to walk? 596: well he crawls some of 'em do. Interviewer: alright. If a man wants to hide behind a low hedge he's got to what? 596: well he's got to get down behind. Interviewer: yeah what's the- what do you say he's doing down? He's what? 596: he's squatting down. Interviewer: alright or you ever say scrooch down #1 or hunker? # 596: #2 Well # scooch down or something he's down there some way Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: okay and if a child a game that you play with children {NS} if you'll get down behind a chair and then you'll hop up and #1 look at him you know you say he's # 596: #2 Yeah yeah # Interviewer: playing what? 596: It's peep eye. Interviewer: #1 peep eye? # 596: #2 Ya # Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: okay um if i- when he jumps out what does he say? 596: #1 well you jump out # Interviewer: #2 well what do you # say 596: why we jump out he'll laugh at me {X} you know and when you playing peep eye {X} you gonna do everything in between trying like that. Interviewer: Do you- does one of you say peep eye or boo or anything? 596: Yes ma'am. Interviewer: Which one- who 596: #1 One of you jump out and you say say # Interviewer: #2 which one says- # 596: boo like that. Ya. Interviewer: he says it- he jumps out and says boo? 596: yeah maybe I'll tell the little child that Interviewer: #1 okay # 596: #2 like that # Interviewer: either one. 596: {X} Interviewer: which one says peep eye? 596: Mm-hmm. well m- uh maybe the little child maybe maybe I be saying to the little child I say peep eye peep eye is what I say or boo like that. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: did your children ever play that? 596: oh yeah that's right. Interviewer: my little boy's doing that now and I heard myself the other night saying peep eye 596: {X} Ya. Interviewer: Uh talking about someone swimming again someone who got in the water and couldn't swim you'd say he what? 596: He drowned if you don't- if you won't get him out if he can't #1 swim. # Interviewer: #2 and that's # what I meant. I wasn't there I didn't see him- 596: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: didn't see him what? Dro- 596: D- I didn't see him drown. Interviewer: okay. do you ever say that he got drowneded or was 596: #1 drowneded? # Interviewer: #2 well you see # 596: yeah they see {X} got drowned you hear 'em say {X} got drownded. Interviewer: okay. 596: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: um you saw something up a tree and you wanted to take a closer look at it so you went over the tree and, what? 596: {X} peeped around Interviewer: Or we're talking about going up {X}. 596: Oh I climbed up the tree. Interviewer: alright, and that would be a very hard mountain to 596: to climb. Interviewer: alright and I have never what a tree in my life? I have never 596: climbed a tree Interviewer: alright now what about um I know what uh- still we use the old form of it it's clumb 596: Yeah clumb that's right clumb a tree I never clumb that tree. {X} I never did clumb a tree like this that's right. {X} word like that. Interviewer: alright {NS} uh at some churches you get down on your knees to pray 596: That's right Interviewer: you say the woman walked in the church and what to pray? she 596: bowed to #1 pray # Interviewer: #2 talking about # getting on her knees. 596: well they uh she got down {X} well you see she's going to church well you see she got down and bowed down on her knees we say #1 that or- # Interviewer: #2 or she # kne- 596: she kneeled down? Interviewer: alright fine if you're tired you'd say I think I'll go over the couch and 596: and rest right and- and relax Interviewer: Or l- 596: uh lay down {X} Interviewer: alright all he- he really didn't feel good all morning he just 596: He just drug around. Interviewer: talking about staying in bed the- all morning he 596: yeah he just lied around all the morning Interviewer: would you say he lied in bed or- 596: well he just he just he layed arou- we'd say he just laid around in all the morning. Interviewer: Fine. talking about something that you saw in your sleep, 596: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: you would say let me tell you what I 596: What I dream Interviewer: Aha. 596: let me tell you what I dream Interviewer: often when I go to sleep I 596: I dream something. Interviewer: but I can't always remember 596: #1 no what I # Interviewer: #2 remember what I # 596: what I dream Interviewer: alright or what I've 596: what I seen in my dreams Interviewer: what I have 596: dream dreamt about dreamed about we we said dreamt about. Interviewer: yeah I was just wondering which- if- if dreamt you know is kind of like clung 596: yes kinda like past tense Interviewer: it's there in use right and wondered if you still 596: #1 Yes ma'am. # Interviewer: #2 used it # um if a man meets a girl at a dance or a party and wants to go home with her he says to her may I 596: May I go home with you or something Interviewer: Or if they're walking? 596: May I walk with you? Ya. Interviewer: If he has a buggy? what- 596: may I may I ride with you? Interviewer: alright w- 596: or you ride with me. Interviewer: okay will do you ever say carry you home? 596: oh that's right carry her I say Interviewer: Would that mean that he had something to 596: #1 to take- yes ma'am # Interviewer: #2 put her in? # 596: that's right that's right Interviewer: {NW} okay um when you go in a door in a bank you use or some public #1 building usually have # 596: #2 yeah # Interviewer: two doors 596: that's right Interviewer: two little signs 596: that's right Interviewer: one says to open this door you gotta 596: push one of them push or other pull Interviewer: right 596: that's right one way or the other. Interviewer: right um if you needed a knife from the kitchen you'd say to mrs {B} go what me the knife? 596: you go and get me the knife. Interviewer: #1 Alright # 596: #2 Mm-hmm # Interviewer: uh in playing did you ever play hide n' seek as a child? 596: #1 yes ma'am yeah I used to # Interviewer: #2 what was the place # that you ran back to? 596: uh maybe playing with them outdoors somewhere maybe I'd run behind some places or like that. Interviewer: what's the place you run back and touch though to be safe? 596: I don't believe I {X} Interviewer: okay what other out door games did you play when you were a child like that? running around outside? 596: I don't know all I would do anything {X}. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Okay Um if some children come into your house and they're not very well behaved maybe they start playing with some things that you're afraid they're gonna #1 break? You might # 596: #2 Ya that's right # Interviewer: say to um don't you 596: uh-uh don't you break that put that down don't break that uh-uh. put it down. Interviewer: {NW} okay you throw a ball and you ask somebody to? 596: yeah Interviewer: to what it? 596: yeah to catch it. Interviewer: alright I threw the ball and he 596: #1 He # Interviewer: #2 what? # 596: caught it. Interviewer: and I've been fishing for trout but I haven't 596: I haven't caught any Interviewer: #1 Alright if someone # 596: #2 haven't caught a one. # Interviewer: says um I uh uh oh if someone says for you let's go to town you know when you're getting ready they'll say well there's no need for you to hurry I'll 596: Mm I- I'll carry Interviewer: I'll wait- 596: I'll wait. yeah {X} I'll wait. Interviewer: okay would you say I'll wait 596: I'll wait for ya. Interviewer: Alright. If a child has been yelled at or he's about to get a spanking he might say that to his mother oh mama give me another 596: Mm-hmm give me another chance. Interviewer: Aha 596: yeah Give me another chance. Interviewer: If somebody has a smile on his face and a good word for everybody 596: #1 go out there # Interviewer: #2 you'd say # well this morning he seems to be in a good 596: good humor. yeah Interviewer: if you have some um {NS} some bugs or something and you have to call somebody you know to spray for 'em 596: #1 yeah um-hum # Interviewer: #2 um or something # you'd say he's going to do what to those bugs #1 he's gonna # 596: #2 well # H- He's gonna spray 'em or he gonna t- uh Interviewer: he's gonna get what of 'em 596: he gonna get rid of 'em Interviewer: okay 596: gonna go get rid of 'em Interviewer: #1 {X} # 596: #2 mm-hmm # Interviewer: um talking about I know if your children are around town they you know you can't always call 'em 596: #1 no # Interviewer: #2 sometimes # you have to send a letter 596: yeah Interviewer: and you'll say I have just what him a letter 596: I just mailed him a letter Interviewer: or wro- 596: I wro- I wrote him a letter or something like that Interviewer: alright talking about the writing 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: you'd say yesterday he what me a letter 596: #1 yeah he wrote it he wrote me a letter # Interviewer: #2 yesterday # 596: he wrote me a letter. Interviewer: and tomorrow I'll 596: I'll get it Interviewer: I'll what to him 596: I'll mail it uh Interviewer: I'll 596: I'll mail it one back to him Interviewer: or I'll wr- 596: I'll write him one Interviewer: Ha-ha. 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: okay uh and now that that um now that he's got my letter I expect to get an- 596: another one Interviewer: or an a 596: an answer yeah friend Interviewer: alright and once you get the letter ready you'd put it in the envelope 596: Mm-hmm. Interviewer: then you take your pen and what do you wri- what do you do on 596: You back it Interviewer: #1 alright and once your writing # 596: #2 back it down # Interviewer: on the letter on is 596: that's your address. Interviewer: #1 alright. # 596: #2 mm-hmm # Interviewer: is there anything you say other then back the letter? 596: Ma'am? Interviewer: is y- can you say something other than back the letter 596: uh well I don't know what you'd call it back the letter you would you would you would write the letter and you back it Interviewer: #1 okay that's fine # 596: #2 yeah # Interviewer: If a little boy has learned something new like how to whistle 596: mm-hmm Interviewer: and you didn't know he knew how to do that he might come in doing it and you could say well who do that 596: aw yeah yeah who yeah who learned you to I didn't know you could whistle. who learned you how to whistle? all that yeah Interviewer: If you wanna- to have some if you want a bouquet for the dinner table, 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer: you go out in the garden and you do what? 596: you pluck it. Interviewer: okay you pluck some what? 596: flowers. Interviewer: alright. something a child might play with 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer: is a and not- and not- not any thing specific just something general. 596: Mm-hmm Interviewer: a child might play with a 596: a child- something a child may play with/ Interviewer: uh-huh you give him something- say one of your grandchildren came and he had to have something you know he's messing around so you say here I'll give you 596: Give you- ya I'll give you one to play with I'll give you something here you something yeah right here {X} just to pacify them. Interviewer: did you ever say play pretty? 596: Yes play pretty that's right I'll give you a play pretty that's #1 right. # Interviewer: #2 Aha. # 596: #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # Uh what would a play pretty be what would 596: #1 well there must be something other than that # Interviewer: #2 is it necessarily # a toy? 596: no ma'am it wouldn't be a toy just something where you imagine that child would love to play with. Interviewer: something you own. 596: yes ma'am and since you give it to him {X} maybe a child and maybe you take that and- but it it ain't like the one that the other one has what he want where he's trying to take from that other one Interviewer: #1 uh-huh. # 596: #2 and you'll take it sometimes # Interviewer: #1 sometimes # 596: #2 yeah # Sometime, sometime there he throw it down Interviewer: {NW} I can tell you had some children around. 596: {NW} Interviewer: Um in a play pretty- would it be something small? 596: #1 yeah something like we- something # Interviewer: #2 pretty small that you can play with? # 596: we could play with in the house {X} Interviewer: I see 596: That's right Interviewer: Okay would it- um would you give- um say I give a play pretty to a older child? 596: no Interviewer: #1 would it be a little- # 596: #2 would would would it'd be a little child. # Interviewer: #1 little child? # 596: #2 little child. # Interviewer: alright 596: mm-hmm Interviewer: um thinking about the word give 596: yeah Interviewer: you'd say that's the book you what me 596: what you give me. That the book that you give me. Interviewer: alright and I'll gi- what it back when I'm through 596: yeah when I through with it I'll give it back to you Interviewer: #1 alright # 596: #2 mm-hmm # Interviewer: and I'll be glad to do that because you have what me some many of 'em 596: yeah that's right Interviewer: you have what? 596: you have uh given me so many books I'll give them back to you. Interviewer: I'm glad I carried my umbrella 596: #1 we call it- # Interviewer: #2 we hadn't gone # half a block when it 596: it began to rain. Interviewer: Alright do you ever use commence? 596: rain or sunshine or Interviewer: #1 You ever use commence # 596: #2 {X} # Interviewer: to rain? 596: yes commence to rain {X} well I I oh- didn't go half a black before it it started raining what I'd say Interviewer: #1 is that what you'd say? # 596: #2 yeah # #1 before it # Interviewer: #2 okay # 596: started raining. Interviewer: Uh think about the word begin 596: #1 yeah that's right # Interviewer: #2 though # you would say what time does the show 596: begin. Interviewer: alright and the usher might tell you well it must have ten minutes ago 596: yeah Interviewer: it must of b- 596: yeah it must have been ten minutes ago sense it start. Interviewer: um why are you so out of breath well I was feeling so happy I what all the way home 596: #1 Mm-hmm I- # Interviewer: #2 I- # 596: I- I- well maybe I walked fast or I run all the way home or Interviewer: alright 596: or something like that. Interviewer: horses gallop thinking about the word run horses gallop but people 596: um Interviewer: ru- 596: they run. Interviewer: alright and those men have what a mile every morning 596: yes ma'am they have run a mile every morning {X} or say walk a mile. Interviewer: alright uh if you don't know when a man was born you might ask where does he 596: yeah were was he born there where do you- where does he live at? where was he raised or #1 something like that # Interviewer: #2 okay and # thinking about from where did he 596: Where'd he come from Interviewer: Aha 596: Yeah Interviewer: and somebody said well he what in on the train last- 596: yeah he come in on the train last night that seems to be time of night. Interviewer: he has to our town every month 596: #1 yes ma'am # Interviewer: #2 he has # 596: He- he have come to our town every month been to our town every month or something like that Interviewer: alright 596: mm-hmm Interviewer: uh you can't get through that road cause the highway {X} got the road all 596: All blocked Interviewer: or to- 596: or torn up or something. Interviewer: aha 596: that's right. Interviewer: if you give somebody a bracelet you say to her here take it in there and what pu- 596: and put it here. Interviewer: or put it o- 596: put it on or put it away or something. Interviewer: alright. thinking about the word see 596: mm-hmm Interviewer: like with your eyes you say um I what her outside a while ago I 596: I seen so and so out there awhile ago Interviewer: And I hope to you again soon 596: I hope to see you again soon yeah Interviewer: we've what so little of you 596: yeah we talk so much of you Interviewer: or we talking about see we've what so little of you this year we've se- 596: mm get you there Interviewer: using the word see 596: y- yeah Interviewer: You'd say we've 596: we have seen yeah we've seen you th- here I'm glad to see you w- uh w- well we ain't been seen you the I say it like that Interviewer: okay 596: we haven't been seeing you so often this year Interviewer: alright fine uh thinking about the word do 596: yeah Interviewer: do my sister yesterday my sister met yesterday 596: Mm-hmm. uh do? Interviewer: uh-huh my sister what that yesterday? 596: my sister done that yesterday. Interviewer: alright uh and if you might- watching somebody you might say can you that? 596: you'd say can you do that? Interviewer: Alright and you say sure I well sure I 596: sure I can sure I can do it I can do it. Interviewer: or sure I that all my life. 596: yeah I've done that all my life. mm-hmm mm-hmm Interviewer: um and I came here to what you questions? to 596: to ask you questions. Interviewer: alright so I have 596: have asked you now I- now I- why you got that worry Interviewer: #1 is there # 596: #2 and talk # Like that now? neither worried now I notice I notice them Interviewer: is that Mrs.{B} 596: I notice the most cause I {X} I notice some more stuff about preachers nowadays they don't say ask ask they says axe all them says axe Interviewer: #1 is that right? # 596: #2 yes ma'am. # Where now- why- wh- where they take that at where they get that at? Interviewer: um I don't know it may be that ask is a little hard to say. 596: well hid- anybody could've say ask e- ask- ask you know. but what they wanna say axe for? Interviewer: I don't know 596: #1 well # Interviewer: #2 But you- I've # noticed that too. I think It's kinda- well of course you know if- if one person finds it hard to say then I guess everybody start saying it 596: #1 well I used to have they you you you just used to have it just a habit. # Interviewer: #2 the way they say it you know it probably is # 596: #1 {X} # Interviewer: #2 {X} # 596: well it did say- well anybody oughta say ask in- in- instead of saying axe. Interviewer: Yeah I do hear that though my students say it a lot 596: Well I just don't know- I don't know where they #1 get that # Interviewer: #2 does your preacher say that? # 596: yes ma'am a lot of them say it. Yeah they say it more than I say {X} hear the other one's say it. Interviewer: well that's probably true and if I'm at- wouldn't you imagine that some people would hear a preacher say it and kinda think maybe well you know he knows what he's saying maybe I'll say what he said? 596: well probably so. Interviewer: You think that's possible? 596: Yes that's right Interviewer: I know what you mean though I- I- 596: But I- I d- I- I d- I just don't I don't s- what'd make you do that? I don't know. Interviewer: well when you say ask I- I noticed you don't say axe. 596: No ma'am I don't say axe. Axe what you {X}. Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: Try telling that to your preacher though. {NW} Uh thinking about the word fight 596: yeah Interviewer: you'd say every time those boys got together they 596: they fought. Interviewer: alright and they sure do like to 596: like to fight. Interviewer: they have ever since they were little 596: yeah they have fight every time they meet up they got to fight. Interviewer: alright 596: mm-hmm Interviewer: they have what? 596: fought Interviewer: they have fought ever since they were little? 596: yes ma'am Interviewer: Did you ever hear the old people say they fit 596: yes they fit oh that old folk yeah they fit {X} yeah they sure use that word {X} they know no better Interviewer: #1 well # 596: #2 see they'd had # Interviewer: you know not really because that was or- that was the original 596: #1 that's right that's right. # Interviewer: #2 word. # and now it's changed you know 596: yes ma'am. Interviewer: that's not the word people are using anymore. he did what to the hog with a big knife? 596: well he stabbed it. Interviewer: alright and was there a name for those big knives/ 596: butcher knives. Interviewer: alright any other names for big knives? 596: {D: oh oh you call 'em brewery knives} Interviewer: what now h-? 596: {D: brewery} {D: brewery knives.} Interviewer: ah 596: now the old folks call 'em brewery knives Interviewer: same thing 596: #1 yes ma'am as a # Interviewer: #2 as a- # 596: butcher knife call it the brewery knife. Interviewer: how about that? 596: that's right. Interviewer: uh he stabbed the hog and then he what out with the blade? he 596: yeah he he stabbed the hog and- and- and he- and in its head Interviewer: he 596: and pull it Interviewer: the blade pulled 596: oh oh yeah yeah yeah he stabbed the hog why then he {X} all together you know. Interviewer: yeah 596: and he stabbed and while that's bleeding him. That's to let the blood out Interviewer: and talking about getting the knife out you'd say he what out the knife 596: he pulled the knife out. Interviewer: alright 596: pulled the knife out. Interviewer: and if you were going to lift something very heavy like maybe a piece of machine you'd use a pulley and some ropes to what it up? 596: or uh to pull it up with it Interviewer: or ha 596: and hoist it Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 596: #2 yes ma'am # to hoist it up with Interviewer: #1 alright # 596: #2 mm-hmm # Interviewer: and um let's see I'm down to the very last couple of questions now believe it or not uh if if something is two times as good as something else you'd say it's what as good? 596: twice as good. Interviewer: Alright. now would you say just for pronunciation again would you say the days of the week for me? 596: days of the week? Interviewer: uh-huh 596: well I start at Sunday Interviewer: okay 596: Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Interviewer: alright do you ever hear any people use sabbath anymore? 596: yes ma'am I use Interviewer: #1 which day would be the sabbath? # 596: #2 sabbath # well sabbath the day well any day that you set apart for the Lord {X} pick what day it is in the week but we use we u- we use Sunday for sabbath day. Interviewer: I see so it refers to 596: #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 you're # you're setting aside that 596: #1 yes # Interviewer: #2 for the- # 596: yep Interviewer: for God. 596: yes that's right. Interviewer: alright then would you give me the months of the year? 596: yes ma'am. January February March April May June July August September October November December. Interviewer: alright if you had ten men in a line 596: mm-hmm Interviewer: the last man would be which man the 596: he'd be- be the tenth man Interviewer: alright and the next in front of him would be which man- the 596: um behind him? Interviewer: going 596: downwards backwards? Interviewer: toward the front of the line. 596: ninth. Interviewer: and then the 596: eighth Interviewer: and then the 596: seventh sixth Interviewer: the seventh or the seventh man? 596: seventh Interviewer: #1 is that what you said- I didn't understand # 596: #2 I said seventh. Yes. Yes ma'am I said seventh. # Interviewer: I didn't hear you. #1 I'm getting a little deaf over # 596: #2 yes # Interviewer: I think I've got good ears but I'm not sure. I'm not sure. 596: why you wh- wha- wh- uh w- {X} come back with it now. Interviewer: #1 right # 596: #2 like we went forward. # yeah. Interviewer: no we're at the seventh 596: mm yeah Interviewer: then who's in front of him? 596: sixth five Interviewer: uh the 596: uh seven? Interviewer: yeah the seventh- you'd say the seventh man then you got the for five you'd say the which man? 596: yes ma'am. Interviewer: he was the- if he was number five he'd be the which man 596: he he he he'd be the fifth Interviewer: #1 aha # 596: #2 man # yes ma'am fifth man. Interviewer: alright the- with the number four would be 596: would be the fourth man Interviewer: #1 aha and # 596: #2 and the # three be the third man and two be the second man and one be the first man. Interviewer: Yeah. My little boy says the tooth 596: {NW} Interviewer: for the second one you know and I get {X} and you know we picked that up and we say it in our family Auxillary: {X} Interviewer: Ya I have run across that wh- that's why I wanted to make sure #1 what you were saying # 596: #2 that's right. Mm-hmm. # Interviewer: Alright. Would you count from one to fourteen for me? 596: Ya one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen. Interviewer: alright and the number after nineteen is? 596: twenty. Interviewer: number after twenty-six is? 596: twenty-seven. Interviewer: the number after twenty-nine? 596: thirty. Interviewer: the number after thirty-nine? 596: forty. Interviewer: the number after sixty-nine? 596: sixty nine you said? Interviewer: mm-hmm. 596: seventy. Interviewer: the number after ninety-nine? 596: one hundred. Interviewer: alright and then another big number a thou- 596: one thousand. Interviewer: and then another big number another mi- 596: Million? Interviewer: alright that's it. 596: that it? Interviewer: that's it. feel like you been through the mill don't you? 596: Well I expect you asked me a million questions. Interviewer: #1 That's right I did indeed # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: #1 you know how many # 596: #2 no I didn't m- no it wasn't no million # Interviewer: #1 you know how many # 596: #2 questions I had- # Interviewer: there are? eight hundred. 596: eight hundred. Interviewer: would you believe you've answered when I- some of them I got in conversation you know you were talking to me about various things. And I picked up as we went- I didn't really ask you that many questions but you gave me about eight hundred answers. 596: Why now how- what percentage did I give you of the answers you asked me about? Interviewer: #1 um # 596: #2 {X}? # Interviewer: #1 very few that # 596: #2 you # just like you were asking me a hundred questions what percentage did I give you? i- in answers what did I give? fifty of 'em or Interviewer: when I- actually you answered them all. 596: Wow. Interviewer: I wanted to ask you about this um If I- if y- did you teach your children to say yes ma'am and no ma'am? 596: #1 yes sure did. # Interviewer: #2 and yes sir and no sir? # Alright to whom did you tell them to say yes ma'am and no 596: I tell 'em to older people or any grown- grown ups Interviewer: #1 any one older than they were # 596: #2 grown ups. yes # {X} grown ups. I taught 'em- teach 'em to say yes ma'am and I don't care if it's white or black. yeah yes ma'am and yes sir. Interviewer: Alright oh I noticed you said yes ma'am to me once 596: #1 yes ma'am # Interviewer: #2 and that's just a way # of showing respect for another person? 596: right that's right I do that. Cause I know- I know I'm older than you. Interviewer: #1 right # 596: #2 But I # I- I gotta- I gotta right to respect you. Interviewer: right it's not because I'm white 596: no no ma'am that's just naturally feel called I got that right to do so. Interviewer: #1 well this is a something # 596: #2 when you stand for something # Interviewer: #1 well # 596: #2 that's right you said # Interviewer: this is the way I was brought up but I wanted- that was one of the questions I- You know was optional when I 596: yeah Interviewer: I intend to ask about it as I went along but I wondered if that was as I was brought up you said that yes ma'am and no ma'am- anytime you wanted to indicate that you respected someone you especially said it to people older than you were. 596: that's right especially. Interviewer: especially 596: yes ma'am that's right then I- I will um on anyone who still I will I r- I r- I mean to say I respect anybody who respect themselves. I sure will. now I- we- I told my children say yes ma'am and yes sir to people, but now in this day and time they got {D: yeah} Interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 596: #2 no # and all like that. well that don't sound too good to people like that. no to me. Interviewer: no I it 596: #1 It don't seem if you know that way it has to ensure respect. # Interviewer: #2 and maybe they don't mean anything by it but # 596: seem like that or something like that. Interviewer: yeah I like yes ma'am and no ma'am and no sir and yes sir. 596: Uh now and they can talk to one another and call 'em by their name just a yes and no one another but when they come you know {X}. why they don't hurt {X} but still I don't just talk that way Interviewer: you know the funniest thing is I found myself saying it to my husband you know he'll ask me something and I'll say yes sir 596: yeah Interviewer: and then I think it sounds a little funny. 596: yeah Interviewer: #1 {NW} # 596: #2 {NW} # Interviewer: would you say yes ma'am to your wife ever? 596: may- Interviewer: would you ever say yes ma'am to your wife? 596: no we don't now we just don't- no we don't say yes ma'am we just say no or yes to one another cause we- we know when the- Interviewer: fifty five years I guess 596: aw shoot that's right {NW} {NW} Interviewer: oh my well I sure do appreciate you're taking up my- this time with me and uh I would like very much to see you again somehow I certainly hope that day comes. 596: yeah if you {X} write or something we- we- we gonna have to get you know Interviewer: Well I'd love to I like to come back to Mississippi and just see people again that I talked to because with this much talking you almost get to be a member of the family. {NS} 596: Now I know Winter time we- like what we said we we have the time here we put on {X} Interviewer: oh yes 596: Ya. #1 {NW} # Interviewer: #2 {NW} # And in fact th- th- the best time that you get me back here would be when you make {X}. 596: yes and where I- we make some when we killed hog and we make sausage here Auxillary: thick sausage and honey 596: oh yeah and just have just people here come here looking for sausages like you gonna {X}. Interviewer: #1 is that right? # 596: #2 that's right. # {X} Interviewer: #1 {NW} oh I like that # 596: #2 {NW} # Auxillary: I've been wanting to eat this #1 {D: uh you're the one that likes to eat} # Interviewer: #2 Yeah # Well I better get on the road and get packed so I can get off early in the morning. 596: I see. Interviewer: You know the water the water is still standing out here. it sure seems to. {NS} I'm sure I will I'm sure I will.