Interviewer:  Just say your full name too. {NW}
625:  My name is #1 Fel- #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Just- just sit back in your chair
625:  Yeah.{X}
Interviewer:  and relax. That'll pick it all up.
625:  Uh. {NW} {B}
Interviewer:  Okay now go ahead and tell me the story. Start from the first. Relax. Sit back in your chair.
625:  {D: I-} I was born August twenty-first eighteen-ninety-three.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And I was uh- there was {NS} seven we were nine childrens. Seven boys and two girls. and I was the youngest one of the f- nine.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now will you tell me the story about- about how you uh got elected to county treasurer.
625:  Oh I- uh uh I went to public school 'til up 'til the eighth grade and I was out of school for the nearly for three years.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And I had never- I wasn't able to go, my father had been sick and he stayed sick from January the first nine- uh 'til uh July the nineteen fourteen.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And And he had, I heard him say once that there was a there was talk about county treasurer and they said it didn't pay but twenty-five dollars a month, I said what do they do, they {D: doing it} {NW} more money that. Well he said all they had to do is to sign a report that their bank uh kept kept the money for the county they call it the deposit store for the bank. And they make the report and the county treasurer had to sign it. Every three month he had to sign a report.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And so he died uh in {NW} July fourteenth and I'd I had been wanting to go to sc- high to school, high school and I was able.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And then I decided after he died I wa- I decided that I'd uh {NW} I'd try it and I decided to run by for for treasurer. If I could get that pay twenty-five dollars a month at that time I figured I could {X} but for ten dollars a month in my sc- uh laundry'd cost me two or three dollars a month. And my schoolbook would cost me three, four dollars a month at a schooling. {NS} #1 Anyway #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. #
625:  I decided to run and uh there was eight of us running.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh out of the eight I was a head man. I r- I I led by n- ninety-three, there wasn't but thirteen-hundred and vote in the county at that time, there women didn't vote just uh just uh men.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And um the first party we had
Interviewer:  {D: Now Roy} tell me the story about the well they were digging first.
625:  Well. Well. Uh. So I had been thinking about it me- my buddy and I was waking after stayed with me about two weeks after my father died.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And he stayed with me there and he was working outside about two weeks and I h- h- had him to help cut some weed off or something the field that I wanted {X} and potatoes.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And I happened to think about that about running for county treasurer and going to school then and I sat down on the stoop and told him about it he said well that sounds good but the think about talk about doing it is two things. So I went home and I told my mother about it after dinner and she said she was in very enthused to think that if I could and would be successful.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And she told me to talk to one of my some of my uncle around there and the neighbors and and see what they thought about it so I never had mentioned then there was uh three men that had been working this part {NW} for the {D: Edward Heins lumber company and the mill had closed down and while they were doing it- doing some repair work and a lot of repair there} they got in our fitness putting down a well for one of my uncles.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And I went there one uh Friday morning and I knew everybody was there and there was one man who lives up at Leetown and he was working behind and there's a him and a two more uh men there {D: it w-} it was together in the in the rig and he asked me what I wanted {X} to dinner I told him well I would but I had nothing to run him with. Said well I could use Big 'Q' a man named Indian 'Q' they called him. {NS}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  Go ahead and get that.
625:  It's just a salesman guy.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Let's see uh I {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah. Well you were telling me about your your father dying.
625:  {D: Uh-huh.} {NS} and uh well my father died and uh then after two weeks laid around there working and cutting some weed in the grass to fix the plot again and I told my brother about it then went home told my mother and the {D: next day then I was out and about} when they was putting down the well.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And there's a man there uh by the name of {D: Harvey Restler} that lived up at Lee County, he had me run him up up there back to dinner.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Which I did and uh I- I told him I didn't have no way but he said I could use any of his Q's horse and buggy, I said alright. And on the way I begin to tell him the story which is the first man I told to outside my mother.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And I asked him what he thought about that said I want to tell you something I want you to tell me what you think about. And after I got through telling him about uh running for that and going to school he said well he said don't a- don't ask nobody else what they think about it just go ahead and run and you gonna be elected. And he said I'll help you out, and I said I know you be elected. So Monday morning they all gathered around there and about eighteen or twenty men and they were more just a spectator for the very community neighborhood there.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And I walked out there and uh and spoke to 'em and after a while they said uh {B} {X} call everybody's attention, they had me up {NS} {D: Give me a minute}
Interviewer:  {D: Okay will you tell me about Mister Reston?}
625:  {X} Let's see I I left off a uh {NS} I was telling you about it eh.
Interviewer:  {D: Yeah you were telling me about Mister Reston or somebody like that.}
625:  Yeah. {NS} And uh {D: Mister R-Reston} called everybody's attention and told me he had something to tell 'em. And it and they did and they it kinda made me feel kinda funny he said gentlemen said I want to introduce you all I want to int- introduce the candidate to y'all {B} who is running for county treasurer.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And he said he told me he- {D: wanted} {X} told me yesterday Friday when he took me home he was telling me he wanted ask me something or he wanted me to tell him what to do he said that he was thinking about running for county treasurer and if he got that he'd pay twenty-five dollars a month and he thought he could go to school and pay his board and his his tuition and the uh laundry out of that twenty-five dollars.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And at that time what cost twenty-five dollars would go to a lot more money than uh probably a hundred dollars would today though.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh-huh.
625:  And he said I want to te- I want everybody here to that is supporting to hold their hand up and they all held their hands up to the air {D: and up 'til right here to the lecture.} {X} and I got to telling people about it and uh I made the campaign all over the county {X} {D: but owe to one of my brother} {D: I'd more} uh I ride miles and miles like go maybe I'd spend the night somewhere the next evening I'd come home and change clothes, the next day and go out. And I I I didn't have to pay nothing to stay there a lot of people'd go tell me in the evening they'd tell me to go around see these people is tell me who they were and then come back that night put up and stay with 'em that night and my horse and they'd feed my horse and then my horse'd and so I showed up in the runoff. There was eight of us in the run I was the lead man I I I beat a prominent man there and and uh uh Bay Saint Louis uh ninety-three who were the head of 'em. There wasn't but thirteen-hundred vote in the county at that time though men women vote.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  So uh Thursday after they announced after the first primary they announced who was in the race but my one of my uncle's was on the committee and he went down there and a fella by the name uh {B} uh told him to tell me to meet him there the next next day, he wanted to go to the bay and he tell me to go with him. So I went with him and he told everyone to go see Bill Blaze if he wouldn't come down help run this thing with me. and he goes in front of this place and he stops says you stay here, if I need you I'll come back. {NS} And h- and he went in there and he he wha- he just went in there and come right back out. {NS} He come out and he he come in and he sat down in the in the car and he said that son of a bitch. {NW} I said what's wrong Mr Willy? He said I I told him I said I come here to speak to you on behalf of {B} said if you {D: would} if you wouldn't run the second primary you'd save a hundred dollars or two or more money. Says he he he he whole board don't have the money. Wasn't- hadn't been working. And his father just died. And he couldn't hear good, said can't help that. You haven't got the money I have. He said I slapped that man on the {NW} {NW} And me I got up and said it it takes money to get it {X} says that says that investors got it. Says that if he hadn't got the money {B} had. And he t- he didn't tell him, that's what he told him. He come and we he come he told me that and he says Tell {X} I got a hundred-thousand cash cold dollars and I could be made in the bank. I want you to beat that man if it- regardless how much it takes, if you need someone to go you call me, I'll send a chauffeur with you. And said I want to help you, get out and work and then I go to a {D: lot of face} people that I knew had a lot of influence. And he'd uh talked to 'em and they'd tell me {B} {D: get} around there.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And he had a brother-in-law that had been elected the year before that. Uh uh and he was a doctor too and and a good doctor, a lot of people didn't vote for him on account because they'd rather have a doctor than a uh {D: circuit} court but he was uh mighty good man and and he was elected.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And after the second time uh he was running for reelection. and {D: one of} men running for {D: cessor} told on Willy one day cuz Willy says you know you're going too strong for silver and she liable to hurt {D: dark places} He says I know all about regular {D: damn things} said I don't care if he gets elected or not just so I get {X} elected.
Interviewer:  {NW}
625:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
625:  {NW} So I went out and when after the election was over then uh the {D: if I can find me a} elector so then the next day I the the the {D: clan there would say} I I figured my duty's to go and se- and meet and see him you know visit him. We
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
625:  #2 had # the store and office there. And uh In the meantime I had went that one time and he told me one Sunday. He said today is Sunday. And he said uh you come here one day in the week find out {D:he had Kelly} Clark and you come here says I want to set you up with some clothes if you have enough to go out when you come back change clothes and go out I want you to be Fixed up nice to go. So I went that one day in the week and and went to Bug and he saw it, he didn't actually watch {X} Asked me what size shoes I had, I had a pretty good pair of shoes.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  You got your brand new pair of shoes. About a ha- a half dozen soft {D: half dozen on their clothes} their half dozen shirts pants and everything #1 toge- #
Interviewer:  #2 Wha- #
625:  -ther
Interviewer:  Did anybody's knew would did did you have a suit?
625:  Bo- bought me a suit and everything ge- picked me up with a suit clothes everything and he and he said I'm a put this at course here I'm not gonna charge you any and he says uh anytime I meet you anywhere you need any money you let me know and that uh that I told him I says uh he he said you got any money now I- I- I- I pulled out a out a fifty cent piece and said that's all the money I got to my name. He pull out his bill fold he give me ten dollars. I said I don't uh really, I said I can go travel for a week and don't spend any money them days y- they except for when you went to a picnic a party you know and they hadn't had any yet.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I say if you go to a picnic or party anywhere you need any money he says you look me up or come by, he said I'll pick you up. Any time I'd need him he'd ask me {X} You need money? I said yes. He'd pull out maybe get me ten- fifteen to twenty dollars you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. {NW}
625:  And uh so I- I- I- I got elect uh I went to school and so- uh when I went to see him the after the second primary and he call uh the- uh as much as Maggy had to telephone to Bay Saint Louis and a fella by the name of George Rig was cashier there and he was a little friend of mine too. And he said George says I do treasurer the elected treasurer ya and you have to {D: that silver you know?} and they talked about it. And they just ask me when I was going to start going to school I say you know I won't get a check 'til the first of February. Go in the first year. He never said a word, he said uh he'll be down there wh- when school starts September you said you let him have what money he needs to buy {D: things} books and school and everything. When I come down there I'll sign the note. Just 'til he gets his money. {NS} Uh February.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Now I go there the bank anytime before I leave you the twenty-five thirty dollar {X} before he give it to me he put it down he signed the note, you know? And he was uh I guess he was wes- {NW} A lotta money and and uh I went to school in the ee- uh I went to school three years in the p- money got uh everything went going up so high and I got to crash a little bit one way or another. But I took {NW} {NW} uh {X} {D: your course} And the first job I had {D: by hand} wor- But uh {NS} {NS} little grocery store there worked there a while and then uh I uh A steel logger in the saw mill there about three months then uh man by the name of McCloud running the little saw mill and run the commissary, they wouldn't {D: send their men right} church and I asked he asked me what I was doing I told him. He said come over and see me Thursday night I want to talk with you. Then tell #1 me #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
625:  what he want and I went there and he wanted me to keep his books and run the commissary.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Well I did that that was in uh in uh {NW} {NW} nineteen eighteen and I I just went uh school two years high school
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
625:  #2 I- #
625:  And then I I worked up on the 'til the uh the last part of eighteen uh no the {NW} about uh last part of nineteen nineteen nineteen.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And I had a letter one day from uh a friend of mine He was up {X} at a log camp and bought a a a barge up there and uh he told that {D: Petti- Mister Pettybarn he was assistant general manager told him to write me a letter.} {NW} And tell me be down to kill a few days and you {D:use some of the} call m- on me to keep a set a book that we camped down there there was long {D: canvas see them} look in the mirror
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  W- When {D: they was going to} {NS} order m- the set a book at the camp and they did. By the week after he come to the {X} call me and told me to meet him there. Seven o'clock that night and I met him there and he then they- he had me to go s- spend a week with the man that {NW} at {D: Numberton} To see what kind of system they had and all that.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And h- he brought me to {D: Poplar} village that day after that. And I stayed there a week and he told me to tell mr McCloud he wanted to hire me not {X} but he thought I had a better future with him you know than I did with him. So the next morning I told mr McCloud about it I kinda hesitated but he was su- such a good man and uh he he was fond of that and he he {D: twice} He didn't say too much, he'd always try try to say the right thing when he ought to you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  We got he I I stayed with him at the house and there they had the um he- had meals there and slept in the {NS} front room {D: that he mailed} {NS} So the next morning we got out {X} walked out I said Mr Mac I says that I have something to tell you this morning and I hate to tell you. Says what's that? And I said that a- a- A I had to meet mis- {B} that night at the the office there and he said he wanted me to you oughta work for him the first and next month and and uh {NS} {D: Over he said} keep a set of book at the loan camp at {D: Reed}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  He studied a while and I said I hate to leave you this quickly {NW} He said after a while he {D: spoke it up} He spoke quietly. {NS} Is it instead of {D: washing migraines the old man said} {D: he said} I'm sure glad to hear that. Though he said that his business was getting kind of slack, saw mill business is bad and the timber's hard to get where he was and all that and he said he'd been wanting what he was going to do w- he'd been figured set owners a contract for a slack stay {D: bale} slack {D: bale} state you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And he said if he got that though he says uh he could pay me as much money as Heinz could. There then they said he'd want me back {D: But he said tell mr Pettybarn if you want a written letter of recommendation I'll write him new} uh recommendation that you been fair and square and honest in all you're dealing with. And uh so he did and I went up to spend a week come back and work another week with him and then he had another week to go and he payed me in full let me go to the end of the month. And I worked behind then I kept book for them 'til they closed {NW} uh {NW} then 'til they closed down in nineteen On the sixth day of February nineteen thirty.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS}
625:  And uh then uh
Interviewer:  Why'd they close down then?
625:  The the the the cutout the number what they had to Hancock County they still had some in Coal River County. And this {X} they sold some to H. Weston Lumber Company, sold some timber.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {D: You wonder} Weston run a train up to there (NW} train uh rolled that didn't it? Buy some timber from 'em and they sold enough timber to Hein- uh to {X} {D: lumber} company where m- part of Mississippi.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And I was working uh keeping, I kept books up there mill after uh five years. And I was trying to keep that {X} {D: dead end there} I was keeping book at the turpentine camp up at the uh a new place there up above there. And run the {NW} the kept the books and the uh time keep and all that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And {X} come there one day and told me to go over there a place where they {NW} sold that timber to, they was {X} me uh uh a time keeper there and to tell him he sat me there and I went there, the men told me if I'd had went the day before they was sent there was a man on the way there and he coming there. And {D: he} that boy said tell him if he wants to find out something about you just call me. So I knew when they closed down then I went to work for went down there and the uh uh I had worked for mr {D: Mctodd} before he died in the meantime he died he'd had a son-in-law knew something about turpentine and uh th- one of his wive nephew they raised him from a baby, his mother died when he was a baby and she raised him.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And he's a finished high school and he's uh little younger than I was, then he has son-in-law was working turpentine in Alabama. So he come over there and and {NW} old man mr McCloud was still running turpentine but he he {D: he'd hurt his comp-} and then uh he had a a colored man there w- working he was a good turpentine man and he {D: got paid} and do everything an- and uh when they sell the gum in the {D: roses} m- McCloud'd get they'd give him seventy percent he'd get the check, give him seventy percent and he'd keep thirty percent you see for the operation and he get thirty percent and uh I worked there with him from that was about thirty thirty-two I believe 'til uh thirty eight. And then from that I went to uh {X} {D: Louisiana and run a store there for hash wood} Hash brothers {X} two brothers.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I worked there a little over a year.
Interviewer:  That was in Hancock County right?
625:  {NW} Well uh that was in {D: Full River} Louisiana where I worked where I worked for that Hash brothers
Interviewer:  Yeah n- okay.
625:  But uh uh uh they orig- them boys was originally from Hancock County w- {D: Norton is}. Still there
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And then {D: Theodore's} brother. And then when I come back uh in forty-eight uh forty-seven fella by the name of {B} was elected uh sheriff in Hancock County and uh when d- uh {X} when I think between Christmas and New Years he was looking for somebody to keep his book and I had a cousin down there {NW} out from Bay Saint Louis by the name of {B} so at one Sunday it was {D: Sunday} and I believe Wednesday was the last day of the month. The following day December And he was taking off with some uh the next day you see and uh about nine o'clock that night I heard a call Florida ou- outside, I went out and it was {X} Johnson and this fella I said y'all get down and come in. {D: So Fitt said no he says uh get in says uh} I want to talk with you and he told me that uh he's been looking all over the county for a man to keep his books, his record you know? And he said uh you couldn't find nobody and he said he he went {B} and he was a good friend of mine a cousin he lives just a little bit out of Bay Saint Louis. And he told Joe he says you know I can't find nobody keeping my my record in there. Joe said that ain't no trouble to find a man to that said {NW} why? And he said go up there and get {B} says he'll he'll kee- he's he'll he'll keep it right he'll keep your record and keep it right too. He said well you know I never thought about {X} and he comes {D: toward} said if we can get together and we- {NW} I want you to work for me, we talked all I told him I'd I'd do that. I was getting some poles. I had a truck and uh {D: pack mule} and uh I had a {X} I'd bought some timber and I was hauling but I'd haul all I b- {NW} {NW} Uh I had about {NS} seventy-five or eighty poles in the wood and it was so wet that I had to haul then in the mud so I said well that should come in handy. So I went to work for him, I had a nephew drive the uh truck for me so I I told him whatever dried up to haul those uh poles and turn 'em in and then uh {NW} quit and I was gonna sell the truck and I worked there kept the record there four years for 'em and never had no trouble at all. And from that on uh then after that the the another man {NW} sell the land they got like shares and I worked for them for a while but in meantime {NW} tha- the- uh while I worked for him the- NASA come over there and took my property in in the in sixty they come there in sixty-two when they put up that NASA business in Gainesville and {D: its} sixty-three before they got {X} think they didn't give the people what they n- {NW} {D: popped} his word to give 'em what they wanted you know? {NS} But I choose to ride with 'em 'til I I did get a little more than some people did because I don't know if the way I went at it or what you know? And uh then after that I moved over here and I still worked with the sheriff {NW} uh then my wife pa- moved here in sixty-four, May of sixty-four. And I had to tear down all my building over there, I was working in the in the when I quit when I had to quit, I was working in the {D: Commaté} room there with a fellow by the name of Frank Cline.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  I had to quit to tear down all my building and w- take 'em down you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. {#random speaker?}
625:  then after I'd come here and went my wife passed away on the third day of February nineteen-sixty-five. And uh {NW} {NW} then I- and Hash boy got me to do some work down there with the books and I went down there at about six uh five or six week and uh their due before I got to them one of the girls work with the sheriff then uh work wi- wi- uh worked with the two she told me s- sheriff wanted to see me so I before I left I saw him he said he wanted me to go to work for him so I worked for him again, I worked there about I worked all together sheriff's office about uh eleven or twelve years uh and maybe more and I- I kept the books for the county.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  I also kept books for the county there for fellow by the name of Mitchell he was {X} all together I worked about fourteen fourteen years this year {X} and they sh- {D: ruled} in the courthouse there.
Interviewer:  Here in Gulf Port?
625:  In in Hash- in Hancock County
Interviewer:  Oh h- Hancock County.
625:  And I move here in sixty-five in uh April February we moved here in in May of sixty-four. My wife died third day of February sixty-five and then I worked I worked some in the sheriff's office there {X} and I'd go and come from from here you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS} Yeah.
625:  And I rang it of course I had I- I'd made a going with the {X} I used- when I worked in the Mill off {D: Stack Hill} I'd get up at four o'clock and I'd go feed my I'd go hitch him a horse and I'd plow from about seven o'clock, my wife would call me and I'd go on and get washed take a bath see {D: it what} washed, need raking, go to work go to work by eight o'clock see.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And when I worked in the Bay I- I s- I {NW} {NW} {NW} I'd still do a little gardening, farm a little, sometime I had to hire one of my buddies to help me you know to do some plowing when I couldn't couldn't do it myself.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  But I always raised uh chickens {NS} one time I went and uh back there in uh nineteen forty. There wasn't much work done in going on and {NW} went in the dairy business {NW} I h- I I started at I'm the one that started, I started hauling milk there and uh {NW} first milk I hauled I hauled it to Lee town and uh about half way to {D: Pink Mule} and the man that hauled it into Big Mule he get paid for it and I wouldn't get paid for it 'til about uh uh six weeks after I got a truck.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And then we got more milk and I'd haul it all away and and the first uh first hauling I made {X} I got three dollars and sixty-five cents w- wor- for one day's hauling you know? And uh worst thing ever happened there's a bunch of politician and uh uh people got up they wanted to put a creamery in Bay Saint Louis then.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And at about {D: the last in} in four it went up in in forty-five. {B} fella he's he was dead and gone he was king. They called him King Fisher County. At one time there whatever he said went. Nobody else could say or do anything if he had control of the board of supervisor and for some reason or the other the the voters you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  He uh {D: I know'd they vote for} Uh {NW} I did I vo- when when he run you you run for both supervisor he was a young boy I mean he run for {NW} Uh clerk and a fellow {B} he was uh h- h- h- he was he had been sheriff twice and was second clerk and then and uh the {D: the cessor died.} And he'd run for that and he was elected and when {D: ref} when it come time to run for regular election he run against {B} and beat him. While the he had done uh- a favor really because then {NW} was out for about a year and then he went to work for some {NW} uh runner uh a boarding house in in in um Alabama there.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And the first year he worked there I saw him after that he told me he had he had {D: had} six-thousand dollars cash and money and beside he'd bought 'em two or three-thousand dollars worth of y- {D: utensil}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And and when he run out he was {X} all the time he served as a a politician there he he he's always in debt. And they and they and when he died he had he owned the a lotta property over there he he worked there five or six years. And he retired and lived several years before after that and he had money and {B} got elected {B} come to me one {X} he wanted to know if I was gonna vote for him or {B} I said red I stayed a year with your momma and d- daddy'd went to school one year. They treated me like one of the family. I stayed in {B} one year and he- they treated me l- went to school and I says uh I'm not going to tell you I'm going to vote for you {X} and I'm gonna you I'm gonna vote for {D: Van} and I was in the race for both supervisor there and he said well that's all I wanna know if um if you if I'm gonna get elected the first time if you're in the second you don't have minimal work on your side, I says I don't care what you do but I'm not going tell you. But I did vote for him and uh now I didn't tell nobody but I figured I'd done Vander a favor and I did because if he'd have stayed in there he'd he'd done like Red he'd died a proper.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh so few years after that I went back down there I was {X} {NW} {X} country man he needed some money we need somebody to buy some tool there they were training boys {X} {NS} Went down to see {B} well he told me he said man he said yeah nerve to come in there ask me to help you when you didn't help me? I says well Red let me tell you one thing uh I know he didn't tell this to nobody but I says if I voted for you one time but if god'll forgive me for it I will never do it again. He says I no- I'm not worried about what you can do against me, I said well I always had the pleasure of fa- of fighting you when I win the north And uh but when I went to work for Red for {D: Fitt} Johnson {B} run into {D: Seeko Stanko} there.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh I gave 'em to the job to pa- the p- uh the {D: receipt book} for four years and all that time Red wanted me uh {B} and wanted me to give it to somebody else.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  I've had people and Red'd come there it'd be seal this seal that, people says man you wait on Red like that after he all he done to you? I said wait a minute I said just cuz you you go stick your finger to find no reason why I'm gonna do it. And then and uh {D: and when he died I had some patricies made.} He come there about a week before that before he died. Maybe two weeks and he asked me if he'd come in there one night if I'd make his tax receipt uh stay after {X} I said yes. Before he saying he sold some property and he said only by going on the record he could tell tired of making it see he wanted to make it in this fella's name so he could collect for him you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Say yeah I'll do it. He come there and we got to {NS} and after the {X} he said you wasn't signing them things put 'em in their vote and hold 'em 'til I get the money and I he took their amount you know. I say yeah I thought {X} no harm if they didn't pay him all that to did it to guard him {D: stick the bachelor}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  So about two weeks after that he died. Dropped dead. So about I didn't say nothing about two weeks after that I called his wife. I told her I says I'm sorry to hear about Red's sudden death I know I says I wanted to call you before but I thought I'd wait a while I said I have you you have my deepest sympathy I know what you're going through. We talked for a little while. I says uh {D: did he did he mention anything to you about some patricies I had} for him in the vault? {D: say to find} She said yeah just call by {B} at the {D: Mission} bank and tell him he'll send you a check. So I called and they they sent me a check you know? And uh so it went over I guess so uh
Interviewer:  Ther-
625:  {NW} So what he'd done me? I'd done him a favor a favor which you don't
Interviewer:  Yeah. What about mr Quaid, when did you first meet him? When did you know mr Quaid? {B} Yes.
625:  Oh I been knowing mr {B} ever since I was {D: just} just ever since I could remember for when we first {NW} we moved from out w- west Bay Saint Louis t- in nineteen-fifteen up 'til {X} I lived there I moved away there to here you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  My daddy owned some property there, that's where he was born and raised you see.
Interviewer:  What what was that now? {D: Ginn River?}
625:  Jordan River.
Interviewer:  Jordan River.
625:  Bu- above Jordan River above Kiln, we lived about {NW} three and a half to four miles uh northwest to Kiln you seen him? {X}
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 before # called Kiln Mississippi there.
Interviewer:  Yeah right, I know where Kiln is. {D: Killan}
625:  You know why the where the Kiln got its name from?
Interviewer:  Yeah that's where they used to uh bake the bake the stuff the wood didn't they?
625:  They {NW} {NW} {D: caught or cut} one {D: coal} {NW} coal. It {NW} and uh charcoal they call it.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And Kill "K" "I" "L" "N"
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  That's uh some peoples Kiln is something like {NW} something like killing somebody but k- ki- kill "K" "I" "L" "N" Kiln they they they they built {D: round} somebody some people that I don't remember the names built uh Kiln right close to to the landing there where they wouldn't have for the move it to put it on a boat you know.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
625:  #2 They'd have # to put it on a boat to ship and ship it to New Orleans.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  It wouldn't get but about ten sets of stacks in there you know? And uh {NW} They cut they claimed they put the the the the four tiers high. And they cut that water about five foot four and they had a five foot pole
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And they'd stack it round the pole and then they'd uh put dirt around it you know? And they'd put uh a pole from the they put one pole in the center and put that one round there and they put one from the ground there out They put a lotta {X} uh around there.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And then they'd uh they put a long pole all the way out And they'd have it far enough that when they got ready to set it a fire they'd take a they'd take a long pole set it on the fire and {D: twirl the slickers} way up in there you know? And left that {D: fire hot} where they put a lotta small wood pieces around it. {NW} Green wood first you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And then when that'd catch it they that keep on burning that lighter but burning the the the they'd keep dirt and they had to stay with that thing day and night because they had what they called time they'd blow out you know and they had to put some uh they'd have to have to have have charred wood there ready to throw in there and then fill it up with that and then put some more dirt on it you know? {D: They}
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
625:  #2 {D: did it} # just make a blaze and burn out.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And then they used to ship that by schooner loads and New Orleans that's all they use then they didn't have no gas that they used after iron to cook and warm and heat and everything at one time you know?
Interviewer:  Wood?
625:  The coal. Coal.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  They call it charcoal. Cuz when you burn it it was heavier lighter than wood you see.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  But you and then They even had furnace they call it with holes in the botttom and you could put that in there and people on the schooner or you go camping put {X} you make coffee milk cook dinner cook anything on there you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  They'd call that a furnace you know. It had a little hole in the bottom and charcoal and then you raise the {X}
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
625:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 # People used to use uh they u- uh they used to use that even to iron with it. Put the irons on there you know? Get 'em hot and they'd clean 'em hot and iron with it. It didn't have no in the summertime in the wintertime they'd put there in front of the fireplace you know and uh heat it from the from the fireplace But in the summertime it's hot they'd you could put it out on the porch somewhere and you go there and get 'em and come in and ironing from back in there and they'd keep 'em hot you see.
Interviewer:  Yeah I see.
625:  They didn't have uh what they call uh They didn't have no gas iron or electric iron them days they didn't know what that was you see.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Well uh okay you were telling me about um about about {D: Kiln no} and and uh {D: about Kiln.} And {B} {B}
625:  {D: lived at old} when he {D: caught sitting there on Barley tab} between Kiln coming Kiln going to uh Brockwood there it's a little {D: she met Brachel there now} That bridge that's right about where the the store used to be there. Roll your {X} just a little bit above there and the little bri- bridge small bridge over there you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And I guess uh bridge uh was built there about thirty years ago
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 And # see that bridge there, I guess you crossed all that.
Interviewer:  Yeah uh-huh.
625:  And if and when you go up and {NW} the Kiln and {X} that big house to the right up there was uh {B} {D: how} he built that
Interviewer:  Huh.
625:  It's not all that big a house but them days it good About right were that right where that bridge sat there they had a warehouse a store there and right next to it in that store must have been about eighty foot long by forty thirty or forty foot wide. And they had another warehouse just below it. Was about that low.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I- and and and the the schooner would come right up in {D: you wouldn't think I'd see that day} And the mill was right there next door, there wasn't uh two hundred feet from that building there where the saw mill was.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And the schooner would come up there and load would bring the grocery they'd get groceries from New Orleans on there. And he'd chip his lumber at the yard as schooners schooners'd come in load that lumber right by that mill there right {X} you wait across from this place. But if you'd go up about uh from {X} to there about eighteen mile up there where they called {X} I remember crossing that dam where they had a bridge there just about thirty foot wide and you go there nights it's about a hundred-and-fifty feet wide, they call that Sand Creek there that's well named. It's sa- it's sandy all the way up there that place is about I bet you two-hundred feet wide right now where they used to have a bridge was about thirty foot wide.
Interviewer:  Is that so?
625:  See them days they didn't have the they had rain {X} they didn't have the entire uh {NW} {D: ways} ditches and thing and the run the water in the creek so fast it the creek uh it'd take it take maybe a a hard rain'd take it a week for the creek to come high enough to get out of bank.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And and uh then it wouldn't wash the dirt so fast but the sand
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  But since they put these uh highways ditches that run all these into these branches that run there it washed that place there {NW} it'd be amazing if you'd go there and see that how wide it is.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And this sand on that place I bet you down there uh like I said the {X} used to come right there where that bridge is there. #1 Me #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
625:  big schooners loaded down with the lumber.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And you couldn't {X} wade across there. Right now. All and and
Interviewer:  #1 Because #
625:  #2 the #
Interviewer:  the sand all washed out of it then?
625:  The sand washed out of it. Uh that's it washed somewhere up above you see.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {D: Yeah.}
Interviewer:  So you think that's good or bad?
625:  Well uh it's uh
Interviewer:  You can't get schooners there anymore.
625:  You can't get schooners in there no more well the the {D: there is} no more uh need for schooners {X} have no use for 'em. But a little further down in it it run into uh I don't know, I haven't been down there but I {NW} about a I guess uh about a mile further down there they used to have a turpentine place there and the and {NW} same same bayou run down there.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And it's deep there. I remember {D: kneeling} Doctor Craig in there {D: carry I stayed the school I} at his place {D: at the bay one} you hadn't went to school with him. And when I worked uh uh running by a cemetery there one day and we went in the {X} across to the boat there and we tied it coming back summertime he says that He says {D: pleasure} let's go swimming. I say Doc this place look mighty black he said there ain't nothing here We we got in the place there there wasn't no road around there nobody {X} pulled our clothes off and jumped in went swimming {D: that man that} I kinda uneasy but the {NW} you could be {NW} dive down there and never hit bottom you come back up you know. Dark as it could be you know? I wouldn't go in there now for no money in the world.
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
625:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
625:  #2 {NW} # We uh we swim during the summertime hot we stayed in there and after a while we got out and {X} got in the boat, put our clothes on went uh over in where the car was got in went home.
Interviewer:  Yeah. {NW}
625:  He was a good he was a good sport {D: he good} {NW} mighty good man. I stayed at his place one night one m- {NW} whole year and went to school he had two boys three boys two of them would be big enough we'd come from the from the school we'd stop at the courthouse, we'd record deeds by on the typewriter, them days they wouldn't that's the way we'd do it write 'em and then {X} and we'd take 'em with {D: compare} we'd we'd write the one'd read and the other followed. {NW} And if we {NW} The one'd read the deed and if we had a mistake we'd put a symbol there and make the notation correction you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {D: within} there And uh we did that that whole year there. {X}
Interviewer:  Huh. {NS} Now {D: can you do} where were you where were you born though? Were you born at Kiln?
625:  I was born {NS} uh uh {NW} At Kiln, just above Kiln there on o- on what they called {D: Offered} Creek.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  {X} Yeah. {X}
Interviewer:  But did you say you lived some at Bay Saint Louis before that?
625:  I {NW} I uh I was at born there in eighteen-ninety-three and ninety-five we moved down to we moved down to uh uh E-
Interviewer:  Were you were born okay? {NS}
625:  {D: What's that} what what {NS} {D: that's} what was the last thing I told you?
Interviewer:  You were telling me where you're born.
625:  Well.
Interviewer:  Where you was born.
625:  {X} I was born uh {NS} just above about three and a half four miles above Kiln
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh in eighteen-ninety-three, in eighteen-ninety-five my daddy sold a hundred and sixty acres of land there he went down {NW} eight and a half miles west of Bay Saint Louis and bought a hundred and sixty acre there on what they call the old Gainesville road.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And that road run from Bay Saint Louis to Gainesville where the where the {test site is now {D: since}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh the reason he did that {NS} at that time the {D: Elenden} railroad was just going through there and there's a lotta work going on there.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh he had uh couple of ox team and they'd h- they'd {NW} {D: they they'll} plan a business for piling and the saw mill logging and things like that you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh. He lived there 'til the nineteen fifteen. He sold his timber, some of it. And then he moved back up to where uh uh {NW} uh where his daddy used to live there where I was living when them there moved me out of there.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh so he and then he died in nineteen uh fourteen.
Interviewer:  Yeah. {NW} Yeah.
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 And #
625:  my {NW} at one time I don't know if you got this down, at one time Pearl River and Hancock County was one county.
Interviewer:  Is that so?
625:  That's right. And the and the county seat was at Anna They call it Anna up at at uh at where they call Caesar up there
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And and the and uh I think it's in the must have been in the early in the late nineteen hundreds. That they built that they separated two county I I I tried to find out and I don't know what year they did. But the first county seat in Hancock County was at Gainesville.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And then uh the other uh- made {NW} the other ones at Poplarville you see in Pearl River County.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And {NW} the the record uh the county seat {D: in in d- in uh Jamesville burnt up.}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And then after it burn up I don't remember what year that was but it must've been in uh right around the just before the nineteen hundreds because I remember going to to the Bay Saint Louis and I just can remember they had a a wooden building in front of the courthouse.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And they had a big uh porch on the front. And I went there with my daddy and the only thing {X} I can remember of that building the first time is going there with my daddy and going up there on th- on that s- {NW} front porch and looking out.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I don't remember how we got there, when we got there I was s- so young I wouldn't know a difference but how old I was but I know I wasn't very old so It was built in the late {D: opposite end of} in the late nineteen hundred I- uh right at I don't I wouldn't say when. {D: And then then} they went to county moved county seat from Gainesville to Bay Saint Louis and they had to get all a lotta record they had to get it from Washington {D: sorta record} you know and Jackson {X} reestablished the record in Hancock County there.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Well um this morning can you tell me a little bit about the history of Hancock County? About uh you know what you know about Hancock County? {NS} Wa- when it was founded and who who founded it and everything?
625:  No I I I I didn't I don't remember the be- the only I think the best I can remember a fella by the name of uh Hancock uh settled there.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And that's why {NW} uh in in Bay Saint Louis.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Okay uh. Now w- can you do you know where your grand your grandfather was born? Your father excuse me, le- let me start with your father.
625:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Uh. Your father, where was he born?
625:  He was born he was born up right up there uh where where we moved from in section fifteen township seven south {D: ray} fifteen.
Interviewer:  {NW}
625:  {D: First} {X} and and uh uh his daddy owned his daddy owned thirteen forty there.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And five of 'em was in section uh section fifteen and uh eight of 'em was in se- sixteenth section.
Interviewer:  So your father uh your father and your grandfather both lived in the same place?
625:  {NW} {X} That's where my father was raised there and and uh uh {NW} my daddy my granddaddy lived there and and {NW} then my f- father when he worked built there he built over in section twelve about about two miles from there kinda nor- north east from there.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And {D: you spent} a hundred-sixty acres there. And that's where he he {D: boosted hid debt} he sold it and went down down to uh um {X}
Interviewer:  #1 Now this #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 # west to Bay Saint Louis and he bought a place there from a fella by the name of Charl- {B} sixty acres of round timber you he sold it two-hundred acre over here for two-hundred dollar and he paid three-hundred dollar for it and sixty acres {D: of it} uh timber uh land down there all all the timber.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um. Now where was this where was y'all's place now in relation to the rest of the rest of the town you said? {NW} was it near Kiln?
625:  It's about three and a half miles west of northwest of Kiln.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh you said he uh homesteaded it?
625:  Yeah. Homesteaded hundred-and-sixty acres. It's about {NS}
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh now your grandfather, you know anything about him? Was he born there? On your mo- on your father's side.
625:  On my father's side.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I I I don't know I I n- {NW} I do know wha- I know some of his uh uh brothers' names.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  It was uh {D: one by the name of John Mooran, he lived at} {D: Mandalay} way down at {D: Ansley}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  He had one by the name of Edward, he lived right there not too far from that big hotel is on the uh {X} there on the {NW} on this side of lake you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh and he had uh {NS} {NW} My grandfather's name was {B}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh he had uh he had an- another one by the name uh {NW} {NW} the only thing I remember now they used to nickname people I don't know if you i- if if you're familiar with that or not. They even had he even had one brother {NW} {D: they call him Uncle Mooran that's why they call him Mooran you know?}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And that's all I ever did know him h- and he was dead so long I never did ask nobody what was his name. And uh he had a sister name of that was married to a man {D: Callow Slander}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And he lived up down below uh between here and and and and Poplarville up toward Poplarville there.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And he had a sister that uh I can't remember her family name or who she married, used to live in in in Biloxi there. In Biloxi. Uh uh I went there to visit her uh with {D: Carn} my s- one of my sister and someone else but uh uh to tell you her family name I couldn't tell you that.
Interviewer:  Okay. So your father and your grandfather both did timber work on that land?
625:  Well yeah
Interviewer:  #1 Around #
625:  #2 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  Kiln?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. They were both timberman.
625:  The reason was my grandfather he bought half of sixteen section west of his place, he had at one time {X} I said he had around ten twelve hundred head of cattle.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And three four h- thousand head of sheep. {D: Arrow} there was a {NS} few big stock over there and Old Man Callows {D: lather} had a lot of he- cattle and sheep and uh then there was uh uh my granddaddy there and then that's below {D: may} there was a fella by the name of of j- uh Jack Lot live across Jordan river.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Across the Jordan River, he had as much cattle, they passed when they start painting they started Old Man Callow a slap me. They come to {D: my grandfather Mooran.} And then there's there's {X} uh Old Man Jack Lot called Jordan River.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And then from there they go to {B} is my great uncle la- Andrew and then they go to {B} Lake Shore
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And all them fellas uh and uh the did uh {NW} {D: At at at Pullington a fella by the name of R-} {B}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {D: He get} {D: bored with}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And he had uh he had uh {NW} thousand twelve-hundred or more head of cattle. And uh then from there they go to my uncle {B} down at {D: Auntmade} they they he's better known by the people who used to know him by the name of they call him {D: Rockfille} now where they got that name I don't know. {NS}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  But i- he's uh he's buried in the tombstone right there in the {D: Rodden} uh cemetery
Interviewer:  Okay. {NS} Alright now so um so your grandfather and your father were both lumberman and farmers right?
625:  That's right.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh w- what about your mother? Can you tell me where she came from? {NS}
625:  Well uh my mother {NS} my mother was a {D: doogason} and uh {NW} her father's name was Joe {B} and uh he was he was born on the nineteenth day of January eighteen-twenty. He died on the fifth day of Januar- uh but he was born on the eighth on the nineteenth uh of of March did I say January?
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 Grand- # -dad, on the nineteenth day of of March eighteen-twenty. That's correct.
Interviewer:  That's your grandfather?
625:  My grandf- {B}
Interviewer:  On y- okay
625:  And then he died on the tenth day of January nineteen-twenty-two. If he'd have lived that following March nineteen he'd have been a hundred and two years old.
Interviewer:  Whoa! He lived to be a hundred and one?
625:  But died on the tenth day of January. He'd have been January the tenth in March of nineteen he'd have been a hundred and two.
Interviewer:  {NW} Uh. Well uh now about y- your your mother you said w- where was she from?
625:  She was raised right here on {NW} between here and the Kiln over there on the on on the Rotten Bayou they call it.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh now let's see what about your uh your maternal grandparents? That's your grandparents on your mother's side. Do you know anything about them?
625:  Well
Interviewer:  Where they came from?
625:  Yes. I can tell you a story about that.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  When I I uh in nineteen-thirty-eight when I tur- uh I was working in in {NW} uh Paul River running the store for them Hash boys
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  They come in the paper there one day it said that uh there's two uh {NS} Now I I I I s- I started this wrong. Uh one day after I worked I worked for {X} and the- there but them Hash boys didn't come back {NW} I had a one of my grandfa- Billy's son brother lived at {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And he died, he was seventy-five years old when he died. I went I was there to see him him twice, my mother visited him there several times. And uh after he died and uh uh let's see about uh I guess about eighteen years ago then I got a letter from one of my my my oldest brother got a letter from one of our cousins over there, from one of my uh uncle uh {B} granddaughter you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And same as our generation you see? And uh {NW} she she wrote him a letter and told him that uh that the {D: Doogason} had the lawyer told her that the {D: Doogason} had a Spanish {D: train} between uh {NW} Lake Pontchartrain and and uh and uh Covington there. It had nine hundred acres in it that a lawyer told her that it belonged to the {D: heir to Doogasol} and he says uh all they had to do was go put a claim for it you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  So I went over there and so I took 'em one day and went over there with the letter and found them. And she told us all about it. And uh she had a book she got from the customer out from New Orleans.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And that book said that there was a there was uh a a man by the name of {B} and a fella by the name of {D: Doogalné} That came here from France. To get her. And they bought him bought a piece of the bought some land right there {NS} uh not far from Lake {NW} Pontchartrain there and it {NW} cuz this is nine-hundred acres. And it said where the Spanish grant was it's what a man'd walk around I don't know how in how many hours. How many time and mark it. And and uh describe it and uh Spanish'd give him a {NW} deed for it you know and they'd call it a Spanish grant.
Interviewer:  Hey I didn't know that.
625:  {NW} And they they did that.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Alright. And uh she said she they said the lawyer told him didn't see why they didn't go ahead and put a {D: train in it.} {NW} All they had to do and uh it was between uh Lake Pontchartrain and Mandeville.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And I'd went through Mandeville most of all and uh so so what you did when I come back after that I I went around and made a few dollars and I got a lawyer to go up there with me. Fella by the name of {B} here's a lawyer there in the Bay. We went over there and checked and uh before we went I talked to a fella by the name of {B} He was a freshman live at {D: DeLille} there. And he's a lawyer. And he and and me and one of my cousins he died I said down there in New Orleans. We went there and talked to him about it. Well he said that uh at one time his Spanish grant he said he wrote him one for some people there in in in in Mississippi.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  But he says since then he said they change the law and he said what it was when they give you a grant they were free from being taxation the the government the United States government there had nothing to do with it you
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 know? #
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  But later on uh the colonize and had {D: on} {NW} control all over the United States and the government and all that established so so then they they made this land subject to taxation even subject for us say for taxes, you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And he told us that when we would talk to him he said we can go check into him but he was pretty sure that there wouldn't be nothing to it {D: says that} {X} {D: the western boy ain't see}
Interviewer:  In other words the government had the government had taken it?
625:  The government passed a law where it could be sold you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  When they get paid that grant they realized they couldn't sell it you see?
Interviewer:  Uh-
625:  #1 They #
Interviewer:  #2 huh. #
625:  had to go stay the family for generation after generation you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  But then they went ahead like he told us, said they done told us that that they'd they'd changed the law {D: you hear?} And he had one number before they {X} he won one before they changed the law.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And so we went over there and then when we and uh {NS} so this lawyer now we found and they they uh changed they had a different way of system there they uh we asked the man there and they explained to us then after they told us we both woulda to look into it. I said man you oughta check here you go by section and index you see.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  But old daddy go by name every day but so we looked it up. It's uh {NW} anyway {D: Doogan} there and and {D: Doog's} son bought that place and they had a difficulty mis- mister mr {D: Grayman} and {D: New sons} bought {NW} {D: Doogal they} out you see.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  So later on the then uh in the second generation I believe uh {NW} {D: Doogason} sold out.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  He after he died his heir sold out.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And he give the name of everyone that s- that's signed the deed and one of them signed it in {X} his name was {B} and right today I I had a first cousin died last January and his mother was a {D: Doogesol} and she was raised at the past {D: Christian} they lived there. And uh I heard before people say before that they was two sets of {D: Doogesol in here}. But this Eugene is one of the great heirs of {B} uh {NW} {D: Doogesol} to first come here you see? And he come over here and settle in in uh {D: Dellilia} Well. And uh this idea was two cent but the children there {D: all that} {D: ripened that} {B} sh- sho- uh sign his uh deed in in the in {D: past Christian} They had two schooners they had uh they took inventory of everything in the house. Clock and house- gun and household goods whatever it was they valued it and they sold it to the schooner and everything. So the lawyer that was with me said not He knew the law and and Louisiana you had to have a power of attorney to to complete the sale you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Now I said if we can't find a cu- the power of attorney he said we might have some. So he asked uh we went in there and asked one of the man {X} {NW} where could we find a power of attorney, he brought it there and he showed us in what Everyday we found it and we looked and we found it you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  So it's we showed where they had the power of attorney to sell it and there was things so that completed it you see.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh that uh so there was nothing to it you see that uh it said there was law to it but {D: they're} not uh uh
Interviewer:  So they'd already sold it? The government had already
625:  #1 sold it. #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
625:  It was legally sold too you see. You in- inquired the law there in Louisiana said it was at that time it was legally sold. See?
Interviewer:  {D: So Doogesol was your grandfather?}
625:  Yeah. {X} {B} was the great great great grandfather you know?
Interviewer:  Oh I see. Now uh so your mother uh your mother's parents had lived in Hancock County for how long then?
625:  Well i- uh uh uh uh they had {NW} my mother house my grandpa's house I don't remember I believe that that I believe the house was in hou- house was in Hancock County and the and the kitchen was in in in Harrison County. {NS} And and the line run back between and they had the house made in the porch face {NW} most face north you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And the line run right half right halfway between the two houses.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  That's as I guess you'd call that a coincidence in the in the building, you never did hear of it before or since
Interviewer:  On that line? It ran right on the line?
625:  {X} {D: the Harrelson} {X} and the and the Hancock line r- run half between the hou- house and the kitchen.
Interviewer:  {NW} Uh do you know how long they had lived there? Like do your had your grandparents been born there? {NS}
625:  Uh my uh no my well no my grand uh all my mothers and her family was born there and th- I believe they had uh in fact I even remember, I believe they had eleven or twelve children in the family.
Interviewer:  Yeah. {NS} And uh A- and what did mr Doogisal do?
625:  My grandfather?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Well he he farmed and r- raised cattle and uh {NW} done a little farming. That's about all he did all his life. He'd probably done a little public work them days people do a little work outside
Interviewer:  {NS} Um {NS} and your your mother what did she do? Did she {D: foster} was she a housewife?
625:  Yes uh she {NS} my mother couldn't {D: very} speak very good English. In fact uh one of them schools she went to she went to public uh to a French school.
Interviewer:  Yeah. {NS} So she didn't have much education?
625:  Not very much, no. {NS} and uh uh the there was uh {NW} I believe one of the school teacher's she went to uh {D: Bear Dare Rock Byrn} uh no he died before that I believe uh maybe anyway his name is Sydney. And he was {X} had been buried there not long ago I looked at over a hundred and twenty-five years ago.
Interviewer:  Whew. How much education did your father get? Did he get any?
625:  Well uh
Interviewer:  Could he read and write?
625:  He could read and write pretty good, he write a newspaper, he write pretty good but uh I'll tell you what school and he went there and most of what was what they call it blue back {NW} speller I don't know if you know
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 anything # about that. That's wha- that's what most of them people them days got education and I don't know but they lot of 'em got was pretty smart {D: and}
Interviewer:  Yeah. Uh.
625:  #1 He could #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: Can} #
625:  read, write. Read and write good and figure good too. {NS}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  What uh what was the blue back speller?
625:  Well the blue back speller uh I'd give it to you if I could find one. {NW} it it would {NW} teach you. It had maths English. Arithmetic I mean uh uh spelling and uh I don't what it it I believe it taught a little of everything.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  I believe if you went through one of them you you'd uh you'd have a pretty good education.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Yeah right. Um. Now uh what religion, was your family always uh is your are you uh what religion are you?
625:  Uh Catholic.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  All my family on on both sides were Catholic. Course there's some of 'em intermarried and uh {NW} very few of 'em though.
Interviewer:  Alright. Um {NW} now what is this town you're living in now?
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # What's the name of this town here?
625:  Right here?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Well this is uh uh that road there they call that John Clark Road.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  That runs from the where you leave on you come off {NW} highway ninety {D: at} {D: forty ninety}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  From there 'til it run into County Farm up this way.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  They got the those {D: really} {X} the only name I know of it here they call it John Clark.
Interviewer:  Road?
625:  #1 Road. #
Interviewer:  #2 I see. #
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Oh okay. Well what's that little community out there, the one closest to it? Isn't there one out there? I forgot the name of it.
625:  Uh let's see there's uh they got uh
Interviewer:  Um.
625:  Northwood Village
Interviewer:  No
625:  #1 down #
Interviewer:  #2 it's um #
625:  in uh
Interviewer:  {D: Daypierre} is that the name of it or?
625:  I don't know that.
Interviewer:  Eh there's a little little thing up there but I can't
625:  There they're three uh three subdivisions right out here.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Or maybe four. Wait I'm gonna fi- I'm gonna find out. {NS}
Interviewer:  Okay. {NS}
625:  Monday, I can't think about that nor any other time {D: whatever}
Interviewer:  {NW}
625:  {X} Call it whatever ya know?
Interviewer:  I got it written down cuz when you gave me directions
625:  You did?
Interviewer:  Yeah uh to get out here I I {NS} you gave me that name so I got it written down somewhere.
625:  Well it, there are three you find out, there's three three three or maybe four subdivisions right out here.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Okay. Um didn't you t- you play the fiddle don't you? Can you tell me about when you picked it up and started playing it?
625:  Well uh you know I was on the radio here one time.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh (C: phone beeping} {NS} {NW} {NS}
Interviewer:  You better hang that up. Or else you'll get you get that noise. {NS}
625:  Yeah. Uh I I {NW} we had a interview there first and talked with the uh a man that was uh {D: she uh} uh she was secretary of this uh uh festival they gonna have here and and the man was the vice president. And she asked me how how long I been playing the fiddle.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I said about and I was about seventy years ago. She says uh y- y- that put you way up there, I said yeah, I said yeah. That was uh I was eighty-two then. I said that's I was about twelve years old when I started play the fiddle I said and she asked me how I said I pl- I learned how to play {NW} with my daddy. He could play them old pieces good as {D: Roy Coffler} or any of 'em play right now.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh {D: my} one of my brother work for {D: one of} my uncle live way down there at {D: Annes} I telling you.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And he had bought a little fiddle about three-quarter {D: little} smaller than three-quarters. And for his son and he never did learn how to play and the my brother couldn't play and they were tussling with it one day trying to take it out of each others hand, they dropped it and it broke it you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh so {NW} I really paid fifteen dollars for it.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And one day my brother said asked him he said how much you want, you gonna sell that fiddle? Said say yeah, he said who wants to buy it? Says me. He said how much you want for it? Said give me a dollar and take it. And the case and everything so he brought it home. And I asked somebody and I had a one of my daddy's first cousin lived there on Lake Shore They told me he could fix it and I brought it out to him had him to fix it. He I brought it to him said yeah he can fix it and he glued it up and put it together and got string and {NS} bridge and {NW} that was {X} and I went there and got that thing Man I would take a million dollars for that. And uh I learn how to play that {NW} I learned how to play with my daddy, he'd play some pieces I'd uh learn how to play with him you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And then uh when I went to school {X} I went there three years {D: the} the first year I was there not long {X} uh I talked to the music teacher there one day about taking violin said yeah. So I I went there I started taking violin, I took music {NW} and uh I took it at two years.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And I could play the thing, I played in the church, play over there you know? And then uh I bought a piano from my oldest daughter and she could play and her and I both would play then. And then uh I lost a little girl there that, {D: actually} that was after I was married that that's before I married. And I played in church, I could play just anything by note. And I lost a little girl I stayed out of played the violin and my daughter she went to school with she le- she got to where she could play pretty good but she {D: and then} she went to work and {D: I just} lost interest in I just done forgot all my notes I never did practice it you know {X} playing still play it some of them old pieces but lot of 'em I can't hardly think of you know? Forget a lot of 'em. I got a I got a son I got a my granddaddy Moran's violin, he bought it when he was he a young boy, he paid fifty-five dollars for it. And he give it t- and my granddaddy give it to one of the other boys and m- my daddy traded something for it, I don't remember how that and uh my his one piece {D: back} {D: And I} my youngest boy can play the fiddle, he {D: second} the guitar, he can pick any guitar, he had one of these steel guitar he played played it.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And he he got to where now he played the fiddle. {NS} And I bought a fiddle in the school when I was going there to go to the he got that. And that that old fiddle is so old the the I I made a last set of key for it {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh {NW} he brought it up there to Pop- to {D: Hannahsburg} cuz man up there said he could fix it. And he fix it and then he build that up but I told that boy {D: don't get your hope} And he had it they had {NW} some scratches on it, he had to fix that and he put a new fingerboard, it was {D: warped} so bad you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh {NW} and he put a new set of string, a bridge and a everything on it. And a set of keys. It cost him a hundred and ten dollars. And uh uh my daddy give it to one of my brother he died a few years ago there and uh {NS} then uh one day he was uh h- there was a man from New Orleans had some horses down by {D: Tally} there and my brothers would uh uh take care of during the week, he come out weekends. And he was telling about this {D: violin} one day and his wife said she wanted to see that {D: violin}, she come there and looked at it she asked him would she let would he let her take it to New Orleans there {X} Said yeah. He took it there and she said uh that man there sent him a note back that violin was worth a thousand dollars, anytime he wanted to bring it there he'd give him a thousand dollars for it. I said well should take it down there and tell her, let her take it down there and get a thousand dollars for it. He said you wouldn't take five thousand for it let alone a thousand. So that youngest boy of mine learned how to play it a little bit They say he wanted him to have it but he wanted me to keep it {X} until he was big enough, old enough to take care of it, you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And he brought it up there and they had the new fingerboard put on it fact that he still said that {D: something} not right, he told me to go bring. He charged him a hundred and ten dollars. And he'd go weigh it up there and he brought that other {X} there that he got there. And I got one here uh {D: Stradivarius} Say it's a {X} something I don't know. But uh I {D: played} that fiddle he got, I wish you could hear that thing, it's a one piece back. I I {X} say one of the best fiddle there is right there, anywhere.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And I I bet you you wouldn't take five thousand dollars for it.
Interviewer:  Hmm.
625:  And the one I got there now is the {D: Stradavarius} made in seventeen twenty-two.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And he sa- some people says it's a {X} some said it's a {X} {NW} and uh Anton Stradivari died in seventeen thirty-seven.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I had bought one aft- {NW} before that, a Stradivari made in seventeen forty-two. I paid uh forced to pay twenty dollars for that, I gave the fella five dollars waiting for. When I was working then he left it {X} had the weekend, {D: to} sent him to a boss. I didn't want to buy the violin I had this sort of a {NW} He told me he'd sell it to me for twenty dollars if I'd give him five dollars and send him the rest of it up there. He went up there in two week to find it. And he called me said the man told me if I'd uh get him eighty dollars that day that he needed {X} he'd give me a receipt for it paid in full you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And so I'd call up Doctor Craig I told him go to the courthouse and Doctor Craig was there, I'd get him to play. {NS} And I called Doctor Craig and then {NS} told him that a man by {D: what} told him his name is {D: sign} description everything and I said if he come there give him eight dollars and get a receipt. {X} {NS} Paid {D: me} in full for a Stradivarian violin made in seventeen forty-two.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And he did. And about a year after that I sold it for about a hundred dollars.
Interviewer:  Huh.
625:  And I had a fellow wanting to buy this other one I got there, I told him I wouldn't sell that one. And I sold it to a man for a hundred dollars {X} He wanted it for his daughter and he brought it to one of these music store and had it fixed, it cost him cost him seventy-five uh fifty something dollars. And then about a year after that the fella told me he sold it for a hundred and seventy-five dollars. {D: So he} {NS}
Interviewer:  Huh.
625:  {D: Wasn't} I I I didn't figure it was as good a violin as the one I had even {D: had known that} might have been a {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {D: because the} oh I read the record of uh Antonio Stradivarius. He died in seventeen thirty-seven. And he and he had a son that learned the trade. And had the same pattern, same wood, the same everything {D: but} Anton had a a secret himself that he didn't know. That he because he t- he he {NW} he didn't compared to his uh son because he didn't know himself. He didn't know what he was but {D: there's a} the Stradivari violin said that uh nothing uh nothing'll beat it. And that uh Anton didn't know himself what it was but the vi- his son makes 'em good violin but they're not as good as the one that he made.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And that's what makes the difference.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Huh.
625:  I got this uh little violin there you want {NS} you wanna see it?
Interviewer:  Yeah I'd like to see it. {NS} That's it. Yeah.
625:  You see the reading inside there but it's
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Saturday night I heard a two girl play them fidd- uh piece there
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I hadn't heard, I used to play that, me and one of my cousins. {NS} And uh I got my violin and played it. With a guitar, could have played it just as good as {X} I I'll play it for you.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  I don't know what they call it. {NS}
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
625:  #2 {NW} # I I don't remember what they call it though you know? {NS}
Interviewer:  Yeah. That was good though.
625:  I'll play you one uh I been knowing it as uh {X} but some fella told me not long ago there that played it, said it was soldier's joy. I I
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  But I played it Jackson one day la- la- wo- last year there over there. And there's a fellow played a fiddle he come by he said, he asked me to name it out I sa- he said that's the prettiest piece of music he ever heard. But it uh {D: song is just} {X} it makes a difference he had to uh somebody {D: sang} it you know? {NS} That's one of them old timers
Interviewer:  Soldier's joy.
625:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 That's # a good song.
625:  Yeah. {NS} I'll play you ano- another one of them old war s- {NS} {C: playing violin} {NW}
Interviewer:  That's great!
625:  Yeah. {NS} It'd be so much better though if {D: my son would join us} taking the guitar you know? And it'd make better times, sound better and all you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Well thank you, th- that's that does sound good mr {D: Varner} That's great. I appreciate you playing that for me.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  That's quite amazing.
625:  Hey. Play the {X} it's kinda hard, I can't move my fingers like I used to you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright, there it go. Go ahead.
625:  {NW} {NW} {D: I would} {D: cost you will hear} play one I bet I don't think anybody ever heard it. I'm gonna play Old Joe Clark for us. Y- y- know you you know that one?
Interviewer:  Yeah I've heard it before, I've heard it before but I'd like to hear it again. {NS}
625:  {NW} That's Old Joe Clark. {NS} {D: Now this one go} {X} {X} the guitar though. {X} {NS} Now I call that uh uh rye and whiskey. And uh what do you call this uh {NS} Now that was uh {NW} uh bot- uh {D: Jack of dime} and this is uh what they call Rye and Whiskey. {NS} I I never I never heard nobody play uh tune with fiddle like this one. Play it like that uh uh I never did {NW} {D: Sometime uh} {D: one} I never did hear nobody tune a fiddle play that before. Have you?
Interviewer:  No I hadn't. That was great. I enjoyed it. Thank you a lot.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Do many folks around Kiln play?
625:  Well uh I got {D: uh two} I've got a nephew and he's got three boys they they got a band you might say they own, they got uh one of 'em plays lead guitar there, the guitar and the bass and he plays the fiddle. I saw my my nephew and they got a fella plays with 'em what plays the piano you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And they got a another nephew of mine, a great uh nephew of mine that plays the fiddle with 'em too, he's good. I got two great nephew plays the fiddle good.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh
Interviewer:  Did uh did you ever play in a band or play for a dance or anything like that? Play for dances?
625:  I played for dances with fiddle and guitar but uh I never did play in a band you know? I seen a lotta time {X} I never knew how to tune a fiddle, I knew the places. And I'd rather dance in the than play a fiddle you know? And the somebody that maybe could play a little or some of 'em couldn't play and I had to do most of the playing, I'd rather dance than to play the fiddle and dance you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. {NW} Yeah. {NS}
625:  But I used to play in church a lot, I used to play all the time in church at Kiln, I played there for years and years.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. {NS}
625:  I went to Washington two years ago last {D: Thursday} July this year and uh and up to December {X} two years ago. And my oldest daughter I didn't know I was gonna go 'til the day sh- Sunday I called her and uh {NS} when there was a third of the evening I told her she was here we'd go to Washington, she asked me what I had to do, I said I got some paper here just to sign to send 'em in. {D: But I said seven minutes} she'd be here {NW} Tuesday instead of Tuesday sh- they left us that Sunday to come here Monday you see. We got ready and uh they'd give me a name of in Washington to call one in Jackson, I called 'em and told 'em that I'd go and I called Jackson they said that uh they had uh one {X} on the plane there and if I could go up there I'd go but uh my daughter could go from here and meet me up there, I said no if I if sh- sh- if I'm gonna go with she's gonna go with you, {D: you know I wanna} go on the same plane, says well go ahead and take a plane here. And they'd reimburse me you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And we went and uh we uh we went down the third and we come back on the seventh. {NS}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And they all expenses {D: room and eat and uh} then when I got back I got a hundred and twenty-five dollar check for {X} festival that was for Mississippi that year, you see.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh my {X} some people up there enjoyed it though. I really enjoyed that trip.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And last year we went uh to headed for to Jackson. We stayed there uh seeing it four days and three nights and they give us ten dollars a day and all our expenses and uh and uh fare. Mileage too you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  But them people made money up there man, they had cars coming in there, they'd c- charge uh ten dollars as much as ten dollars a car to park it in there you know?
Interviewer:  Huh.
625:  Ain't no telling how much how much money they made there, I bet you they had {NW} five six thousand cars parked there. And those days they charged ten dollars, they charged so much and they they {X} how many people in there you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah #
625:  #2 They # made money up there. mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  But they washed and they had they they had everything else {X} they had something at Jackson too but nothing like they did up there. They had this {X} everything that people made {D: one} fella brought uh uh truckload of wood {D: they were making some} {D: yolls and bolls} in it and showing and showed how to make it you know and they'd make {D: Chris} there they'd make {X} they'd make Just anything could be made there you know? They'd make it there.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Huh. Um. Now can you tell me about your wife? {D: mr} Sylvester? Uh di- wou- you you said {NW} How old was she? When she
625:  She died uh on the third day of February nineteen s- sixty-five.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  She was born in uh first day of April nineteen uh six uh eighteen se- uh ninety-four.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh you met her where'd you meet her? Can you tell me?
625:  Well we raised right close by together there. Not too far down {X} We went to school together.
Interviewer:  I see.
625:  {D: Yeah} {D: Uh-huh.} Yeah. Yeah she died sh- she died in a heart attack, she died one night well we usually wait {D: just} for the n- uh the news. And one night I was reading a magazine sometime {D: right} and she's listening at the news and she had a down all ready to go to bed and and I was reading about {NW} story about Cassius Clay you know that Muhammad Ali there and Cassius Clay and him and this uh other nigger had a fight or something about him, I I read the whole story.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And when I got through {X} sometime we wouldn't go to bed 'til ten oh clock.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And it was after uh eight, nearly eight thirty I guess, I figured you know I'm getting sleepy {D: I said you ever want to} go to bed, she said she was too. So usually we'd talk {X} I was reading that all that time that she was listening that television and since she had clicked {D: it too and went} went to bed we sa- we'd usually say the rosary, we'd say the rosary before we go to bed you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And we said the rosary and we went and laid down and I rest- {D: wasn't gone} to bed thirty minutes. Sleep I mean. When she wake up and call me, she said to get up and do something for her, she asked something she never had and I got up. It was wasn't all that cold but I got up and run the heat lit the heater you know. First. And uh it was in February but it wasn't all that cold. And uh then I I went to the she said her arm was hurting and everything {D: she got} I called my daughter she live just a just two story {X} down back there and then we lived over there on in the second county and on uh County Farm Road On the highway fifty-three. Uh my brother had my son had bought that place and I moved there a while we I moved my house on this side and I spent nearly three thousand dollars put a new roof on it and put a back porch, a front porch and all that. Then after my she died I quit, I didn't do nothing no more. So I called my daughter and told her to call the doctor and she called the doctor, the doctor said to give her some {D: Paragolic} if she had some and and sh- and uh she called my neighbor my niece my nephew lived right across the road, she called her and and uh she said she had some. She come over there and she give {X} by that time my daughter'd come. And I don't know, they said well let's take her to the hospital. We picked her up and uh brought her there and by the time we got there she'd passed away, you know?
Interviewer:  I'm sorry to hear that {X}
625:  {D: A sad tale.} {D: It's one of them thing I tell you} it life had never been the same you know except that nobody knows it, you know? We raised, we had six raised six children, we had seven but one of 'em was first first one was a girl. The next one was a boy and the third one was a girl and the little girl died when she was four and a half years old. And uh very hard to thing to get over, you know? So I I had I still have three boys and three girls. Living you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  My oldest daughter live in Minnesota, I just got back from there last Saturday, I went over there and I went to a male's clinic. While I was up there. {D: Boy that's something for a person that uh that's} it's worth something just to go there and just look at that state.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I went through it and had a treatment, I went lucky uh {NW} we went there Friday before the sixteen then my daughter done most the talking, she told 'em that uh I went up there and visit and and {D: then there went the nurse} uh Y'all sick? {X} which I did, I felt bad and I'd like to go to the clinic. And they they ran the- they run you through drill then but they get through with so the first thing I knew they're the they call up they'd call {NW} They put {D: Emory} put three twenty-four hundred peoples a day through that place.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh they they called my name after you want to go there you give 'em the name of your register and to give me the name. They tell you were to go and where they where you wait and they call you and they tell you where to go. And they uh they call us {X} I had an appointment at nine oh clock about eleven oh clock they called me and told me that to come back to uh fri- uh on the sixteenth.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
625:  #2 At # nine oh clock. And then sixteen seventeen and eighteen and I heard some of 'em tell 'em to come on the fifth of July, some on the seventh, some on the sixth, some on the eighth. But I went through there and on on three days and it was through. I'm telling you, when they get through with it {X} they know what's wrong with ya.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  I been {X} the trouble is I found out {NW} I think my biggest trouble I was taking too many medicines. {X} I sh- I had prescr- copper and a prescription, all my medicine he coughed him all out except the cough medicine and the and a and a {D: noxin} a white tablet for skip heart skip. I don't have heart trouble, I just use skip to and another one is uh {X} {D: quine} medicine I take a tablespoon once in awhile for digestion. That's the only thing he left. To eat off all the rest of it, I been sleeping and eating better since I come back.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um. Can you tell me about did your wife's folks. Did she live did her folks live uh in Hancock County?
625:  Yeah. They they they uh they were born they were raised right there {X} about four miles from the Kiln. on {D: Jill Pickian} Road.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh they're they pretty well {D: on.} Uh now the two oldest boy there the oldest boy he he he just went to public school something and the next one, that's all he did too. He went one year in high school to {X} uh to uh {D: Haddenburg} and then his daddy opened up a little store there and a little place by {D: Taller} there. Uh he runned it there for a while couple years, two or three years, then he close it he done pretty good, he didn't lose no money but uh then uh then he went to work {D: for different} one he worked for contractors and first one thing then another.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And those boy he he worked around in the saw mill there and and the {NS} Done a little farming. He raised cotton and he he work and do a little farming.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh then uh the second uh the actually there was four boys and two girls. And the other two youngest boys they went to a- actually a public school, they went to high school at {D: Plankeston} And uh one of 'em finished and he graduated there. And and {D: they both} one of 'em graduated {D: eh uh} before he went there. And then he enlisted he enlisted from in the service. Right after {D: he} in World War One you know? And the unfinished too I mean they both finished same year and all the other finished a year after and then he fi- and he enlisted from there, he didn't even come, he enlisted in the Navy you know? And they we- they both went through the war and and uh {D: they were in the/ they won the} First World War. He was in the army. He enlisted all the time he was over there they'd they'd write him and they'd send him boxes of fruit and things like that. He never did get nothing, he was gassed one time.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  You know that gas and uh the only time they ever heard from him is a nun. Catholic nun. Wrote a letter for him. And they said that he was he had been gassed but he was improving and he was out of danger and not to worry about him, they would take {X} {D: investive} care and he would soon be alright, he would get to where he said he said it had affected his eye but he was getting to where he could see and he could see good {X} that he was uh that they she would keep 'em in for him and not to worry that he was doing good. And they knowed {D: they get a l-} that's the only thing I ever got from him until he uh was discharged and come home. Uh-huh. And then when he come home he went to college he went to where they worked at up up up {D: Fergus} then it was just {D: Surilly} High School you see, they went through eighth grade and they went to {D: Finny} high school there.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And then y- then he went to four year college and and he took uh agriculture and and uh he worked for the government. He inspected these fruit and things coming over seas you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh the youngest one he took veterinary. He went down there Alabama {D: there} and uh and completed course there and and he worked uh {NW} {NW} {D: no no} the one that was um {NS} {X} he lived to be he was about eighty-four eighty-three eighty-four years old when he died. And uh the other two was, one of 'em the oldest one was seventy-two when he died and the next one was seventy-seven and then this one was eighty-three. And the youngest one there he was uh seventy seventy-eight or seventy-nine he was a veterinarian. And he he worked he he worked up in {X} state of the union you know he he'd uh {NW} he must have been good because he'd go around and sent it he'd send 'em they'd send him around and he'd go round and then and and then and test cattle, they have people go with him and test {D: for a bang} and different thing you know? And if they needed any vaccination then he'd get the veterinarian round locally there to do it and he'd go round and have people there, have their cattle pinned up you know to to do the work. And {D: Indian} Mississippi in United States. I mean uh in Mississippi and up above here he had trouble with some people, some people told him they that they there's nobody gonna {D: pin his up} their cattle. And uh and when you don't pen the cattle they to dip 'em and to vaccinate 'em, one of 'em said they weren't gonna disturb the cattle and {X} so he went and talked to 'em, he told 'em he says well he said he was sent there by the gov- federal government and he said its wrong they had to do it but it benefited the cattle and a benefit for them if they could understand it. They tried to explain to 'em and he talked with 'em and he'd get somebody to communicate that uh would uh {X} pretty good, and he'd talk to 'em and he'd go out there and talk to these people 'til he convinced them you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Some of 'em would uh they would threaten, if they'd do that he'd uh go stand there and shoot at him while they pinned the cattle. Well she said they you you never did get to the point of where he had to do that but he always get around and uh and uh ask somebody to help him talk to 'em and they'll get 'em to {NW} uh convince 'em that they ought to do it you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Y- you know I know when they started dipping in this country for for ticks. Man there's some people, I had a brother he was uh uh wood rider, he'd you had to brand 'em on the shoulder you know and and and he'd ride the one, find some that wasn't branded he'd had he pinned 'em you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And he worked uh one fella there one time he {NW} pinning cows there and he pin him there and the before he come out there with a pistol. And they tell man he told 'em says he said he didn't come there for no trouble but he said if you put that gun down he says I'll w- I'll whip you before you can say scat. Said I ain't got a gun but he said if I have to come back here again he said I uh I'll have a gun. Said I don't bring a gun with me but I said that if I'd come back here I'd have one. Then I said I'm gonna use it too. Well he said you put that gun down, let me show you how quick I can whip ya. {NW} But he didn't and uh he went ahead doing uh he made a charge against him. And they he had to go there and withdraw the charge and and then they'd come and and and and tend those cows too.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  It's funny I a man I thought the world of uh I was surprised of doing something like that you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Some people are you find some people they don't understand say {X} you know and they won't listen to anybody explain to think nobody knows anything but them, you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. What do you call people like that?
625:  Uh I call people like that like the fellow was working for the old man {X} one time he told me about a fella coming there to take his place and he was so sarcastic. One day he call me says uh {D: Vess} says uh uh what you call something like that? I said mr Magner there's a name for something like that, right now I can't uh call it, he said it {NW} it started o- off. I said you got it I said it's an albatross And I said that that's somebody that don't uh don't agree with anything anybody {D: has to} do. He s- he said that's it. So he went home, he looked at the dictionary he come back he said boy he said we got it right. He said that's the way that fella is, he don't agree with anything. We had a uh I'd get letters from the townkeeper in {D: Lomaton} you know, he address it to me you know? And uh one day I got a letter that from up there and it said uh this should be your authority hereafter not to sign to not to give anyone of them a work card to be examined {D: or} on the twenty-one years of age or over fifty unless you have a s- a okay from the {D: mr C-J Pettybarn} and the undersigner.
Interviewer:  #1 The #
625:  #2 Uh-huh. # The undersigner was the auditor you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And and uh let's see, Jeff Pettybarn when he hired me he told me I'd be strictly working under the auditor you know? And I showed this man this uh letter like I did over in {X} O- uh when I {NW} so about a week after that they come to uh uh time sheet in there with a boy named {D: Annuelle} he was about sixteen years old you know? And uh I put a a a I erased the total, I le- I I ran a pencil through it and I erased the extension. I left the name, the hours, and the rate there, you know? And I made a little symbol down {D: in him} down there made a symbol, I made that withhold name from payroll 'til he get an okay from mr Ba- Badger or mr Pettybarn. {NS} Man that fella went and I told the next morning I told that man, I said you tell {D: Frank Cheena} that he was assistant he'd make the time for you assistant time uh shipping clerk. Say you tell Frank I'm not putting that boy's name on the payroll 'til I get an okay from mr Pettybarn. And then he even had a {D: two three} run in. This fellow {D: Hein} had hired from Prichard, Alabama was sent down there. He come in there, I could tell when he come round there {X} {D: stole that} man what's this they tell me you're not putting all my men on the payroll? Working out there. I said mr Warren I'm putting all your men out there on the payroll except that boy. I said I said you sure I showed you the letter I got from mr Badger the other day. Telling me not to put a man o- over fifty years old or under twenty-one on the payroll but I first have a a sign okay from mr Badger or the the mr Pettybarn would {X} to sign it. Which is the auditor. Said it's a hell of a damn place. For a man can't have nothing done in the office. I said no and you and uh you never will either, I said {X} when mr Pettybarn hired me I he told me I'd be strictly working under the auditor {D: that's just not to be a right} And uh I sa- uh before that I uh {D first all I'd ask them about that month} about two months I was {D: stan} assistant timekeeper I mean timekeeper and I'd check the time. Went around there and one day I got a letter says this'll be your authority hereafter any man who has not have his badge w- on his body in a conspicuous place to lay him off. And I showed {D: everyone} in the Kiln says {X} {NW} and I went out there the first day I told everybody. You got to have your number on you where I can see it and I said I sure don't I even took the letter, showed some of 'em. And there's one nigger that's standing up on the wood pile, I said where's your {D: badges} He said it's over there on my cap under my cap Where's your cap? Over there by my lunch. I said well today I'll check it but tomorrow you got to have it on your shirt where I can see it. I said that's not my order, it's the order from the auditor, from Lomaton, I got a letter. Today the man didn't have his number on his person where I could see it, not to give him time. H- he kept working you know. So the next day I went there {X} I says where's your number? Says it's on my cap. I said where's your cap? By my lunch box. He was tall, black, kinda sarcastic nigger. I said well you worked this much for nothing, it was about ten thirty. I said you might as well go home, you're not getting for nothing for what you done today. I I put a zero there you know? {NS} And I got to the other end of the {NS} the the yard foreman was a white man, he had a a nigger for an assistant, he had a blind one eye blind, he was good good man, he was a nigger. And he he whistled at me, he come by that fella told me {X} he come there he said mr Moran says uh let Will, give Will that time today, I'll see that he wears badge I said well I told him yesterday in plain English. And his father there'll tell you that today I said it wasn't my order order from the Lomaton au- auditor. And I says I'm not giving his time at all I said if you wanna pay you can pay it {X} So he was shorter, {D: they paid the} shorter this nigger wa- this Will was sister to the yardman that went to old man {B} he was a nice fella, he told him about it says I I I I give him didn't give him a na- a date at first He says how come, he says because the man didn't have his number. He said you gonna see mr Moran about that, he's running that job, said I ain't got a damn thing to do with that. mr {NW} mr Moran {D: has everything to do with it} And he never did get paid for it either. The next day I went there though he had his number on him you know? If I'd let him by, I'd let the rest of 'em you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And he never did get his money for it either.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um mr Moran uh wa- uh what about uh your wife's education? Can you tell me how much education she had?
625:  She had about uh eight eighth grade education, she went to public school.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  She had a chance to go to high school here but her brother's went but she didn't want to.
Interviewer:  Yeah. You said uh you said your you had, you went to the same s- {X} didn't you?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Did you go all the way through?
625:  No I went three years. I didn't finish. And I have some important job in the county there I kept books for the county which was a very tedious thing.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And some people finish high school today, they can't spell can't hardly spell to figure.
Interviewer:  That's the truth.
625:  I I I I learned my multiplication tables to twelve in the third grade, when I went {D: Standersloff} I could s- I learned to twenty-five. You can ask me anything, nineteen times nineteen, nineteen times seventeen or anything, I could tell you just like that. And and I could tell you fractions everything in fraction one after the other, now I can't you know like twelve and a half is one eigth. {NW}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Sixteen and two third is one sixth or something like that, I could tell you all that. But now I I {X} you you ask {X} uh a high school {X} what the fraction now they they won't know what you're talking about. They don't know what you're talking about fraction.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  mm-hmm
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um. Well can you tell me, where you ever in any clubs around the Kiln? {D: That were that} did they have any, you didn't have any did you have any social clubs or anything like that around there?
625:  Well for a while there uh they had the Woodsmen of the World there and I was the last uh clerk of the Woodsmen of the World there around the {D: Kiln there.} Then they had a Knights of Columbus in Bay St. Louis that belonged to us.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Okay. And your wife, was she a member of any clubs or organizations?
625:  Don't think she was, she was she's a housewife raised, we had six children and uh seven but six of 'em {X} they were about like step children you know and she she done a good job housekeeping and not bragging on myself but I raised six nice children, I remember fella by the name {B} {D: Banker} there. I done business for thirty-seven years when I moved down to there. And uh {NS} After I moved out I was still doing business with him. About six months after I went back there, I was talking with him. He said Sylvester you know you're gonna quit uh business with us, he was working for the merchant bank, you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Been there thirty-seven years I said no you're I says uh I'm not gonna quit ya, you've been too good to me. I said you done me favor when I needed it and I'm gonna stay with you. He said well Sylvester you's lay down and die happy, you raised a family to be proud of. And he says you been a man that always done what you said you would do. I {D: seen me} I was in the boat business there one time, I bought a truck and a had a truck, a trailer, and I bought some timber there from a man there. I didn't have a dime, I went there, I taked to the man, I says he had a hundred-sixty acre {X} timber. I I went to see him one Sunday I told him I I I after I'd been hauling milk five years, I had the truck last in good shape. I went to see him, I told him I went to see him I thought I'd I I had a truck, all I needed was a trailer, I'd buy his timber if he wanted to sell it. I No he said I don't believe I want to sell my timber. I said well let me make an estimate of it and tell you how much I can pay you for it. And he said one fella working for Crosby there by the name of Mitchell went there one day and told me he'd give him seven hundred dollars for his timber.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  He said he told if he didn't have more than seven hundred dollars worth of timber he wouldn't give him he'd give 'em to him.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Then about two months after he come back and offered him fourteen hundred. Well I said I'll tell you what I'll do His name was {X} I said I'll go up there and check I said I'm gonna go {X} I says I I checked every trail on your on the on the uh land that'll make a pole. And when I get through I figure out and tell you how much I can pay you for it. And I said I ain't got the money but I says before I cut the first tree I'll I'll c- I'll pay for everything uh I promise you, before I cut the first tree.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Well he says. Sylvester I believe you're a man wants to do the right thing, you go ahead and make an estimate and if if I don't sell I'll pay you for the estimate.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  I said no if I if I make the estimate you know I don't you don't sell I won't charge you for it. And a fellow by the name of {B} told me that if I could find some timber to buy he'd pay for it, you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  So I went ahead and I made the estimate that day and and I went there that {D: summer summer} Sunday I said I'll be here Wednesday. I had a nephew knew something about timber and I knew something about it, had a car. And I had a boy, that one that lived here. He was young boy, he was just finished high school, he was working I got a big stick and uh uh {X} stick about that long, a {D: drum} stick and I tied a rag around it, put some lime in it. And I had a I had a board with different numbers on it. And I'd that boy, it was easy to figure I could do it he measured about up to {D: hine sight and} all that you didn't have to measure, you could tell what he'd make. What he'd make seven thirty-five or three forty-five or nine forty-five or {NS} whatever I {NS} and uh we'd and every time he'd check one he'd hit in on {D: Simon's door} so we wouldn't count 'em twice you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And when I went out there that that that there's a fella Mitchell that sent 'em out {NS} uh uh fella there and a boy he went there about nine oh clock. They were there just about an hour, we got there about nine thir- nine thirty, they got there about eight thirty nine oh clock. And they went out there and we started it was about ten oh clock when we got started. And at about two oh clock they were through and they finished and left. And we started Wednesday, I got through to Saturday at twelve oh clock. Friday we s- eaten dinner right at these old place there, wife was dead and he stayed there, he'd eaten dinner. He'd often stay there and go off you know? He'd come there and and uh I told him, I figured at Friday at noon, I said I'll be with you through here tomorrow sometime He went out there he asked me what I {NS} a pole a a tree like that would bring him. I told him. He said well says Sylvester, I believe that my timber's cut {D: you the one who gonna cut it.} And uh so when I got through Saturday I told him I says, well I went by his house we got through about twelve oh clock I says uh it may be a week or ten days before I come here, I says I got to figure all this out. And I says I'll come back I says and see you before I go up {D: and see Croft there and I says then I go up.} So I went up there and he said if you don't come in a month I s- two months he said don't worry I won't, it wo- won't sell it 'til you come back. So I went there and I told him how much I'd give him from the and before that, before I told him I said uh I said these fella come Ben Lee and that boy come here and e- they estimate your timber. I said I got the figure down here I can't change 'em. I says I can let you look at anybody else. I said I want you to tell me what they offering. I I he told me I showed him the {X} owed him three hundred dollars more than what they offered me.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh Tha- I had twenty-one hundred and some pole. Twenty-one hundred and thirty something. And uh there's one man his daddy was getting timber, he went there and he offered them twenty-five cents a stick, wood and all. {NW} I'd get it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And he said he wouldn't sell it to him or nobody else. And uh so I s- when I went down told him I said now tell what I'm gonna do. I said I'm gonna go have a timber deed made and I'm gonna have uh Judge Prudice come here and sign the timber deed and I said he's a justice of peace and I wanna hear him as witness. When he s- when he's when he signed that, when he signed that timber deed from me he borrowed the money on it. And he'd be witness that it's not my timber until I pay you for it. I said is that alright? Said that's fine Sylvester, that I know you gonna do the right thing. So I did, I had the timber deed made and I took Judge Prudice with me, he was uh justice of peace. He's been there for years. {NS} Now I went there and I told him I said {X} w- uh timber deed, I said I want Judge Prudice to read it to you first. He read it. And Judge Prudice told him he said it's a regular timber deed and he says uh mr Moran tells me he wants to sign it, he he b- he need that to borrow the money. And he says uh he won't cut the timber until uh he he pays you for it, says and if I'll be witness it's not legal until he pays you for it.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  So I said nah I come one day next week and we go to Crosby. I'll meet you and go to {X} So I did and a fella at told me he'd give me the money he was working for. {NS} So I took him and went over there and uh th- this fellow starts yelling dealing with him {D: come body} and he called me on the side {NS} he says and that fella turn, he was there and he told me, he said I'll be {X} a wrench in the cog wheel told me he's not gonna put out the money. And uh he told me on the side he said mr Moran, why don't you let me buy that timber and and and you let you cut it? I says mr {D: Starksteel there and mr Holder} you go there and buy it said you perfectly well to go there and make him an offer and if he wants it you you buy right nine, get money for it, says if Crosby got the money, he can pay for it. He said yeah but he said you won't sell it to nobody else but you. Well I said how come he said I ain't got no money pay for it. So after a while I told {X} Said I want to go up there and talk {X} {NW} he told me {X} told me he said I know Bee Crosby gonna let you have the money. And he told me after I talked to {D: Starksteel} he says uh {D: Starksteel} told him about it and uh I went I said let me go talk to him I said hell he ain't no better than me, he's got money but that's all. I went there and I talked with him and he told me he couldn't do it. I said well mr mr Crosby I said let me tell you one damn thing, you're not doing it man, you got the money? I got a friend that's got money. So the next day I went to the {D: b...} talked to {D: Wallard James}. {X} {NS} his {D: daddy'll} they had control interest in the merchant bank there. And one day I showed him the figure I said Walt I need I need uh I need twenty-five hundred and something dollars there. To pay for that timber. And I said I need, I want to get right away Walt says you come back tomorrow he says I'll I want to take it up with the committee, not because I do- {X} you know but said now you got to have something to tell 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  {D: Said I} {X} see John {D: LeWheat} or somebody so the next day I went there he said you know John we didn't come in the other day. I says what if I get {B} {D: one of you do} said {D: do just well} Says I'll go get him. I go over in front of the courthouse and then I go there {B} come there to {D: way of stop} to get out the call call him I said come here George, I said get in the car with me, I'm with you. Said what you want? I wanna go to the bank {X} bank and Walter was there I says yeah {D: he's Walter} {D: George} And George walks over and says uh Sylvester tell me he bought, {D: I told him here} all this timber. He says you want so much for it, then he sell that {X} I want somebody to tell me the timber's there beside him. Joy says the timber's there every bit of it is there, he said you have the finest timber I know anywhere in this county right now. Well he says that's all I want, says come back tomorrow. Next day I went back there and I got the money. And uh when I left there that day with a {D: hole there} I didn't tell him about it, if I'd told him {X} uh uh Mitchell. I started off I told him about it. {NS} Boy, he was hung. He said if you had told me that Sylvester, I just wanted to walk out that door and says I did that {X} so hard that I'd hurt him. And uh {X} Klein told me he's the one called it, you know? I said that's the reason I didn't tell you, I didn't want you to do it. So. So I went uh and when I went there that next morning that uh {NW} he told his sister to give me a check for twenty-five hundred and thirty dollars be in full. And I told him I'd sign him an audit {X} for them to haul out what a forty percent of it until it's paid, until I could sell some it to someone else and I sold most of it to a man {X} Company in in New Orleans you know, I hauled it down to Lakeshore.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh I didn't have no troubles {X} he let me have the money and I didn't have to fool with {D: Coffney}
Interviewer:  Huh. Uh Can you tell me something about life in the Ki- around the Kiln? Uh mean {X} I heard there were some pretty rough characters there in the thirties. That so?
625:  Well they wasn't all that bad. uh uh some what I tell you what it was. Back in the thirties there was a a little before that they had a community {D: Kiln} they had one at {D: Scranton} up above {D: Deedo} they call it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  There {D: wa- had a standard} And up there where we lived was kinda {D: north ways of} {D: County Hooter they call it, the little turpentine.} {X} the the people with the money would go to the other. Bunch of boys they get in there, they'd get in a fight you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah #
625:  #2 {D: Younger} # people from Stanton uh Deedo {X} come to the {D: Kiln.} They'd get in a fight well they had {NW} they never let nobody gets crippled like that. But uh they'd get in a fight, {D: see} a few licks past somebody stop it {D: and be at} you know? But you know what's done more good than anything else uh when they started that consolidated school.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  They done that uh uh let's see that must have been u- up in the in the right at the beginning {D: the} right into the maybe in the late twenties.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  They consolidated maybe must have been in the twenties. {D: They co-} they uh I knowed a fella by the name of {D: John Crash who} {X} and there's a fella by the name of Andrew Lott was a trustee there and he had a brother by the name of Tony. Andrew Lott. {X} {D: little visit} {D: there in the Kiln} and he was in favor of consolidated school and the old man told him Lott had some land out there, he couldn't really write. And uh uh so he was against it and they had they had {X} they worked on it and they had the the s- the day they had the the school board declared declared that they would have consolidated schools, they'd they'd buy land and build the school right there at the Kiln you know? At just uh {NW} Must have been the early twenties, wasn't long before Heinz opened {D: up there} {D: Cuz when Heinz furnishes them all} {X} They first the uh uh lower building there and uh so Tony Lott was against it, Andrew was for it {NW} a- and and uh {X: John Crash, the superintendent of education). And uh old {X} {D: So they say he was out there and {NS} and uh Andrew Lott said uh uh {X} the old {D: crafts} {D: about Andrew} he said he says Andrew we got him we got him and
625:  {X} this morning I just eat some cereal.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Milk and cereal. Corn flakes, you know? I usually do that sometimes. Breakfast when I don't {D: do} {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Um {NW} Well can you tell me about the first house you lived in mr Moran, what it what it was like, what it looked like and and everything
625:  You mean when I was young or
Interviewer:  Yeah when you were a young kid. When you were a young man.
625:  Well the first house I lived in was made out of {NW} of course out of lumber. It was uh uh it three bedroom and a living room.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And a made out of {NW} uh black board but it was sealed inside, you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh we had a kitchen uh you know backwards you know? Where it was facing north and then south the kitchen separate. Facing {D: running} south you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {X} course we'd come on the porch and then the porch would come all the way on through to the house. {X} Them house them days was built it was {X} uh bedroom you might see two beds in the front room.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And that living room and there and and the side there was an {X} between the two rooms like that, before we used to {D: make 'em like that lot} you understand what I mean?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {D: Like this it'd be all} {X} {X} And then uh that room go in that house the doors would be from the outside you see they would go in there from the inside. {D: from way back there} that room We found most of the houses I remember going in were built like that, that way. {NS} O- on one they had two you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh my mother had a them days they used old iron pot.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And she had a a shelf right outside the window there. And a shed over it. And she'd uh had a she'd uh wash her pots and turn 'em put 'em in there you know? {D: Then happens that way} {X} {D: pot and pans} {D: in fact they all have it} iron pot.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And this uh fellow here had a pot {D: fellow here too} And uh I remember she used to have big old iron pot {X} {D: cut} full of {X} full of sweet potatoes put them wood put fire under it and found toppings and bake 'em and it seem like they'd taste better than they do when they cook 'em so.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I mean when they'd {X} {D: they were wild down too when they} {X} seem {D: maybe he's been out here but} {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  So {D: he he} you can have an idea about what a {X}
Interviewer:  #1 O- okay #
625:  #2 {X} # nothing like the drawing you know?
Interviewer:  Thank you lots.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  Wha- how long have you lived here in this trailer? In the trailer? {NS}
625:  I been living here about {NS} oh I guess about I I'd say I think if I remember about five years.
Interviewer:  I see. Uh when your wife was living, y'all lived in a house down there right?
625:  That's right, on the right on the interstate in County Farm and fifty-three over there, the southeast corner you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh my son had bought a place and and the man he bought it with had just {X} leave {X} {D: had uh} renovated the house and everything and {NS} {NW} {X} a stove in there. {NS} And uh a few dishes and things.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  But that's all he had in there. I moved some of my things in there and live in there 'til uh after my uh {NW} Had the house that was gonna, I was gonna put a well there and and move over there and my wife passed away, that man just uh
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Didn't do anything else, you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um did you have a name for the that little kitchen when it was off to the when it was off from the house like that?
625:  You mean when we What did I do there?
Interviewer:  Yeah in your first house.
625:  Uh no there because really what it was a kitchen and dining room together. Because uh my mother used a stove in there and there's a it was big enough for us to sometimes it wasn't too cold we'd just sit there and eat supper and after after that we'd go to bed, {D: we'd build the houses and the hou-} real fine house, you see?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. I see.
625:  We s- we spent most of the time in there.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X} there was a porch in front of it and then right on the uh as you wa- walked out in the front end there was it had a pump there for water.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh then my daddy built a shed over it. See? You can go there and pump water and uh {C: coughing} rain or shine and the them days we had shelf and had bucket water bucket and we had wash pad in there they'd wash with you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Towel hanging in there and everything it was everybody pretty well all over the country that's what they did, you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Okay uh but the kitchen was a little bit off from the house right?
625:  A little bit, about I'd say six, seven feet, something like that {X} I can't even remember, you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay. Um now mr Moran what would you you said you used to burn wood right?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  So uh you burn it in a uh well you burn it in in a fireplace right?
625:  Right. Right we burn lighted wood. In the fireplace we'd store uh uh {D: lone leaves} trees and and and save it for stove wood. You see we used stove wood. Tha- that's what we used for stove wood.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um now the smoke would go up through what'd you what would go up through the what? You had a
625:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Can you tell me about the fireplace? About all the, you know, all the parts of the fireplace?
625:  Well the fireplace we had them days and and uh and everybody else that I know of out through the country. Did uh and they'd get {NW} a full piece of uh hard timber and they'd hew it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And they'd drill holes in two of 'em uh one they'd put one up against the wall {D: of the} house and they'd c- bring it to close it top level And then they'd put the they'd pi- they'd put in the uh put make make hard pieces and round it. And put in between in those holes and then the others they'd just put on top of it like that, inside of the wood.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  So uh then they'd dig a hole back in there where they gonna put the fireplace and dig a big hole {X} take the top surface {NW} dirt off.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And then they'd get that we'd go out I remember when I was a kid they'd be on the chimney, they'd send a bunch of kid out. Get a lotta sage grass. And just pull it up you know and come and put it in the wagon. I remember one day we had we had so much on the wagon was coming {X} And then uh they hit a bump and it kinda rolled and I rolled snap off it some of it rode off with me, we had to stop and reload it and get back on it you know. They had to get on it to hold it you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh we you you we we pull our shoes off and get in then the water and and make mud with our feet. With that dirt in there. And then we'd take it and throw it throw it to someone on outside the mud hole and then they'd throw it to the one on the making the fireplace and they'd start from the bottom and lay a place, put a fireplace and everything and they start put these stick as they go up you know? And they'd make sure that all the wood was {X} to take it with dirt and with mud inside {D: to keep} And in-
Interviewer:  #1 Wha- #
625:  #2 side {X} #
Interviewer:  The grass was {D: free} for what?
625:  The grass was to hold uh the the dirt together.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Cuz once it it'd get hard it was just like cement over there. And then there's the the {X} build a slow rock {D: bind} in it and let it kinda dry slowly you know? And when that clay was uh dry, baked just like they'd fix the fireplace there and the uh {NS} {D: the} {D: It last} just like a almost as good as uh ce- cement. You know? If you knew how to do it you know? And they'd had those fireplace there's some of 'em would drill in {X} put a big piece of wood in it, you know? And they'd and the the outside I guess it'd be outside and and inside would be about that high from the {X} {D: corridor}
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And I I I remember my {NW} we'd always {X} here and we'd have nails o- nail up above the {NS} And they'd take what they call a s- a spare rib and tie 'em with string and hang 'em up there.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And and cook 'em by the fireplace. Heated it fire you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And once the wire had turned around you'd put a pan or something under it to catch the fat that had dripped you know? We'd put sauce on it. {X} was good, they talking about barbecue now but {D: they didn't} have us eating that way you know?
Interviewer:  Huh. Uh now mr Moran what would you call the thing that smoke went up through?
625:  Well that they'd call that the well the chimneys uh but uh
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Its uh its you had to kinda know how to build it {D: first to go some} some people had built 'em and they'd I don't remember how you do it, the way they you had to build a little bit inside
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  form of form of grass you know to {D: to go with smoke}
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And uh some of 'em if you didn't build 'em right the smoke would come back in the house you know and it'd smoke smoke {X} get in there and do 'em over you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  But most of the people that uh uh build 'em before they learned how to uh they knew how to build 'em you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Um #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  What what was the open place in front of the fire? What was that called?
625:  Well it it becomes we- we'll say this is a a fireplace here you see?
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  {NW} It was {D: come here further} on the board you know?
625:  #1 It #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. #
625:  it it make a sub floor down there and make put dirt in it and left uh that put some of that way down further inside so the the the the the board wouldn't catch fire, maybe six eight inches you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  So the the the boards wouldn't catch fire so much you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And so the fireplace was way back there but them days they didn't they they uh we used just lighted wood only.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Uh course the last year lately people's got chimney now {D: they they they} use little lighted wood up. Or some dry wood to start a fire and they use hardwood. We don't have no lighted wood, it's all burned up in the wood you know? But people would use to burn every year and they'd and uh it'd burn maybe for two or three weeks. Any time people would just light it, burn it, millions and millions of dollars worth of wood burning in this country, you know?
Interviewer:  Well what what'd you call that open area there? You call it the
625:  {NW} well it it really is a firepl- uh {NW}
Interviewer:  The the floor there, do you call it the hearth?
625:  I really just call it uh far as I know they call it fireplace, I remember my mother used to even cook uh corn bran ho cake in there in the fire i- in the in the fire there sometimes you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah will you tell tell me about how she used to cook that.
625:  Well in the in the like cornbread she'd she'd pick it and put it in there and put a little fire under it sh- she knew how much {D: well then} she'd put a little on top.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And she knew about how much to how long to let it stay there and she'd take it take that lid off the always had {X} uh cast iron right there, little thing she had a I think she put a had a little handle she put uh iron piece she put in there and take it off, turn it over {D: and throw the} fire over it and then uh {NW} had something to potholder that you take th- that had its own handle you know? Take it and put it off and then she'd let it cool a little bit and take the potatoes out and the cornbread too, she'd cook cornbread in there.
Interviewer:  So what was the hoecake? How did she make hoecake?
625:  Make make that out of flour. Call it uh people'd call it galette {NS} just dough make dough you know and roll it flat
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {D: cook 'em in soup} In fact uh course we'd had the stove sometimes she'd uh she'd do the same thing make biscuits put it in the stove and cook 'em you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  But we uh what we always uh liked for her we'd rather have that hoecake {D: to} think it had a be- better flavor you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Okay. Um so you you uh you never called it the hearth right? You never call it that?
625:  No I I people build they'd build thing outside, they'd build a put four poles there about four feet square and they'd bu- build a good solid foundation bottom and they'd put about seven or eight inches of uh uh clay in that you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And then they'd uh they'd cook and they'd build a shed over it and they'd put a smoke stack or something to draw smoke up the top and {D: when the then the} they'd be open you know? Smoke would uh wind'd blow the smoke and they'd even go out there and and uh cook something like that on there, then they had the they did have what they used them days they'd build something like that and maybe another about four f- foot square.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And they'd take a they had what they call these uh uh wooden barrel there you know, like flour barrels?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  They'd take it and put it in there and they'd they'd take that clay and then they'd put all over it you know? And they'd put about four inches thick and start all the way down and and uh {X} they'd fix front there so they could put a a a gate up or something there then close it, you prop something up against it you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh and they let it sit there for a few days and when they'd taken {X} they'd they'd they put a fire in there in that barrel all them {D: wood} to burn you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And then that thing get hard and they'd make {D: then he make} uh when they want to make they make l- light grass {D: that owned it} {NW} they got ready to cook it and they were gonna cook it that day out in the morning, go there and build a big fire and then put a big {X} would have piece of iron they'd put it {D: though} And uh they'd get that thing good and hot had a place for the smoke to come out and uh when they'd get through they'd take all that fire out and sweep it all out and they'd put the bed in there and the {D: say that's all on and} they'd cook it. They they they cook uh uh bread like that uh uh bake uh rolls chi- uh pork rolls make chicken and everything in it. It'd stay hot, it'd keep the heat that long you know? They'd put about I guess four to six inches uh clay all around it, when they get all that {D: hardened} stay hard a long time and later I'd say the nineteen uh {NW} {NW} fifties I was working in {D: New Yearn} over there. We'd make anything outta ci- outta cement like that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And they'd put a ga- uh a door on it or something and they they they heat that thing they'd build a fire in there and heat it. And then they'd uh make make cook anything in it. But back then they'd done it with a barrel and they'd burn it up and they'd play guitar and they had a shed over it you know? They if it rained it didn't hurt it you see?
Interviewer:  Um. What would you call the things in a fireplace you'd lay the uh lay the wood across? There were two
625:  Uh they call them firedogs.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um and up above the the thing you'd have a a place where you'd set a clock or something like that, up above the fireplace?
625:  Yeah they call that uh uh m- mantel mantelpiece.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now uh what would you call the stuff you know that came up through the chimney and you'd get it on your face maybe, you'd call it?
625:  That's smut.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Smut {X}
Interviewer:  And uh and then also you know the stuff you have to clear out of the out of the fireplace out of the fireplace after every fire. It's white.
625:  Well the ashes you have to scoop out most of the people used to they'd take the ashes out of there and they'd put it around the fig trees, you know {D: fruit tree there} {X} {D: Thank mr Willard which I be that too}
Interviewer:  Is that so?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Huh. Um. Yeah um what'd you call the big piece of wood that you uh you know that you put in after you got the lighted going?
625:  Well {NW} we would {D: we'd usually} call that a a choke you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} # right now they'll cut some uh uh {X} they go ahead and chunk the wood and put it in the fire you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Okay. Um. Now uh I want to ask you some questions about some of the stu- some of the stuff in the house. What would you call it all the stuff in the house you know?
625:  Well we had uh uh uh {NS} a dresser there we had a I guess it's a kind of a marble-shaped piece on top of it, but it must have been a neat stick or something you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh them days we didn't have uh uh screens or screens you know way back there?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  I remember when I was a little boy we had a we raised a rooster there I don't know where he cou- could how {D: he he} he was {D: fighting the} {X} {D: by himself} and uh they had the we always raised our own {X} chickens you know?
Interviewer:  {NW}
625:  Daddy got two three rooster and brought that one. {D: so he keep it in there} He had to get rid of it The only way that he'd kill 'em you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And he got in the house once or twice he got up on that dresser. And we had to watch him, we had to keep the front door closed sometimes. Uh where he come from, where the door he come in from you know? He He get up there in his uh in he'd get in that glass there and fighting the glass with himself you know? He's always fighting another rooster. He broke a many pitcher and glasses we we put him on there and forget about him you know? And then we had Oliver. Uh what they call {D: those army} you put clothes in and you hang something you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh do what we had to places and uh those that room we had the little uh cabinet like {X} to hang clothes in and then shelf on it to put clothes in you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Course then they were all homemade and uh now days people buy them all you know? But they were all homemade and the just handy as the one uh you find now you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Uh well you sit of course on a what would you call this?
625:  We'd call that {D: why} I I believe a a a sofa they call 'em, we had some is small one they call 'em loveseats you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  Alright. And uh and then maybe what you're sitting in would be called a
625:  Well to tell the truth I don't believe they had a chair uh re- reclines like this {X} most they all had rocking chairs you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah uh-huh.
625:  Had {D: good rockers} {X} and different kind they had had some uh {NS} um a lot of people we had some chair made out of wood with cow hide seat on it you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  There's a man up there on this road uh this road {D: cannery rows they have back there now} They they can differ but he used cow hide for the bottom. He makes rockers he se- there he sell twenty-seven he did sell 'em twenty-seven maybe more now.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Okay all this stuff you know all the stuff you'd sit in, your tables and chairs and everything, you call what? The
625:  Uh.
Interviewer:  You call it the {NS}
625:  Well it I ain't gonna tell you what my mother had a when she married her daddy made a a a dining room table.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh it was made out of cypress. There wasn't a nail in it. Every every t- t- table was the the leg was the pieces was {D: more then} you couldn't hardly tell it. And you drill little hole and you drill a piece of cypress through there. And then you cut it off real smooth. And uh you couldn't tell it and and uh I that {D: they'd just like to} drill a I I last one had it and I had been there house and old house I had there and uh and I was off, I had a chunk and another thing there and somewhere and another and I was off working and they'd call to find everything {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  But that the the tables {X} he made it himself.
Interviewer:  Um yeah and you call all this stuff together that you say you had to move from one house to another house you'd have to move your Do you have a name for it? You know all the st- fixings in the house? Everything?
625:  Well uh
Interviewer:  You ever call it the furniture?
625:  From what I saw in the uh in in uh the I I I I think that what mostly they call it household goods. Because uh {NW} {D: Bresten I've read in} in in the in the on the record and too and the book and years gone by on {X} the one in Louisiana over there and {NS} checked uh on some land there. Talking about people selling they {X} them days they had to take a inventory of all the household goods. Socks. Gun. Bed chairs and furniture um of all kinds they all this f- f-
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  We call that house all household good had to be uh listed
Interviewer:  Okay. Um did you ever have did you have a room at the top of the house say um just under the roof? {NS} What would you call that?
625:  Well uh we call that an attic. We had a place there where we had to fix so we we could put some things up there through the window you know and we
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  we had some {D: mortar} over there {X} and we figured {X} we didn't use one year for {D: Maryland} we put it up there, we had a ladder to go up there. {D: pull it see?} We call that the attic.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um uh what'd you call a a where where'd you store all your useless stuff? You know, you had a bunch of useless tools and stuff like that, furniture what would you do with it? {NS}
625:  Well uh I remember since I was a kid my daddy had a always had a place out in the barn, a little with a floor in it he'd keep all things like that in you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And then the tools, he'd hang 'em up and some of it on the on the floor. And uh then the next {X} he had a fee- feed room you see?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And we kept he kept a lot of thing in there if we wanna and I remember when I got big enough I I built one myself {D: before I could uh my dad was get} getting older and I built one just off the ground like that and the {X} big enough that I could put things in there they wouldn't have to go in and I could hang it all over the place and {D: on the} inside and the what I wanted to put on the floor and I could just stand and get anything I want you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And some thing cuz it's too big to put in there well then I'd put 'em in the uh in the in the shed I had had the feed room out there you see?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Wouldn't be so much uh you couldn't put all that in the feed room and be be too messy, I never would put nothing like that in my feed room you see?
Interviewer:  What'd you call all that stuff you know, useless or leftover stuff? Did you have a name for it?
625:  Well uh the only thing is uh is is uh anybody'd ask something I'd say it's in the supply room I guess, that's where we'll keep all the tools and everything, tool room I guess we'd call it mostly a tool room you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um yeah. Did you ever call it junk or or
625:  Well uh I I guess a lotta the time they was mentioned was built you know go there and ac- actually use you'd get a place uh {X} {NW} our son got a a garage where sometime he keep, put his car in there you know? {NS} {X} {NS} He'd he'd bui- he'd be working on something build something there and he'd keep the car out for a while and they he'd go in there somebody's {X} course he clean it, when he get through he cleans it out, he put everything in its place and then he he got some things in there and I wanted to build a po- a porch out there for me, he had all of them just {D: back in there} He got to see me and I want him {X} {D: sitting on their} swing porch out there you know so I could sit out there and in the evenings when the sun come from this way now.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And out there and keep them mosquitoes out you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um did you have a little room off from the kitchen where you'd store canned goods mr. Moran? Canned goods?
625:  Well yeah we had a place in there {D: we} uh canned uh put up a lot of stuff {X} shelf and some of the bottom put the heavy stuff, you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  But at that time {NW} people didn't can anything.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  You know? {X} when we began to can stuff. Course what we {D: raised and then the keeper'd be} we'd raise uh them days you could raise peas of all kind and cook 'em year round. We we raised red beans raised we raised peas, raised uh uh all kinds of beans and peas and {X} and we had dry bean and peas black beans year round.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
625:  #2 {X} # You know?
Interviewer:  What'd you call that little room? Do you have a name for it?
625:  Well uh
Interviewer:  You call it the pantry or?
625:  I think uh I I guess that's what we'd call it you know? Because we kept all that stuff in one little room there and then in another place we'd keep stuff for the in the what we would buy and put in there, you know? I remember {D: a gal} my daddy used to raise sugar cane make syrup and he had a big place he'd have a place he'd put in in the in the place where in the kitchen he had a place put there, put it on the floor.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And he'd put some in {D: 'em} sometime out there in the feed room where he was uh {D: having} {X} place to put it in there and we'd carry it in as we needed you know? We'd have syrup year round you see?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Okay. Um. Now what would you sweep with?
625:  Sweep the floor?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Well I remember they used to go out and get some sage and make a a broom where they used to get pine straw it wasn't too dry they'd get 'em and make a it wasn't about that big around and take an old broom handle and stick it and that's uh just good as anything but a- any broom you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh but my mother would always keep a broom with that and uh and I see they made a lot of it. She'd sweep the floor with it and sweep just as good as a uh a w- a w- {X} And you could buy a broom then {NW} uh six {X} broom would be thirty cents. That is {D: for the lesser and nobody wrote before} and now when I get it it cost you about a dollar and a half two dollars.
Interviewer:  Uh. What'd you call a um where'd you keep the broom? I mean #1 Was there #
625:  #2 Well #
Interviewer:  a place where you keep it or just
625:  well they had a always had a place to uh to keep a broom and she would never let anybody put a broo- uh the broom down on the broom she always make 'em stand up uh o- o- {X} always put the handle down and the broom up you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  {NW} some people, I've seen people sweep with a broom it it wasn't all that wire just cook it like that you know, they'd sweep sideways they'd s- lay down there on on the on the floor like that you know and they'd they'd bend it over.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  But I've got a broom here, I've had since I been {NS} {D: and uh} {X} {NS} {D: pretty awesome isn't it?} It's getting wore a little bit but it's just uh
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  {X}
625:  If I put it down then it'd be all crooked {NS} {X} {NS}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I sweep here sometimes and {D: people'll} come here and and and sweep and uh {X} never I have uh I have when it's raining but uh {D: North} I'd go up {X} and that door'd be open there {D: the rain in into the yard} sweep that water out and then I'd I set it out in the sun and let it dry you know? I wouldn't let {D: I put put it} {X} soak in the bu- {D: in down} you know?
Interviewer:  If uh if the broom was say if the broom was behind the door and you wanted me to go get it you'd say uh the broom is where compared to the door? If something was behind the door you'd say the broom is where compared to the door.
625:  Right you'd say the broom was back of the door.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um years ago on Mondays women used to do what was it they used to do? Say on Mondays or one day a week?
625:  Well a Monday or Tuesday they'd generally take uh ha- there'd be a big wash day.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Yeah. And I remember uh one time we had a spring {X} {D: little} and I had uh {D: this} wo- lotta wood around there and my mother had a washpot, them days they used a washpot. She done washboarding.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh she'd always send me uh wasn't wasn't that uh about uh uh about as far from here to there that household there {X} back of the house she'd t- she'd have the clothes ready, she'd take take help me take clothes and and uh go go bring it down there and build a fire and I had, there's a bucket down there and I'd always take the axe and the some matches, I'd go down there and put the water water in there and I'd I'd build a fire on it, put the water in, put the clothes in it. And by the time that she come there the water was hot and she'd give me some washing pot {X} put it in it you know? it's it's water little bit and she'd come there and then she'd uh rinse it out. And uh that'd help with the for us to clean the clothes you see.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Okay. Um what would you call washing and ironing done together? I mean Did you ever do did she ever do 'em both in one day? I mean she'd say she was going to do the {X} in one day she did the washing and ironing say she did the what?
625:  {X} one day s- {NW} do the washing maybe next day or the following day she'd do the uh ironing and fold up the clothes you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} # the same day.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what would you use um what would you call what you got uh I mean if you're in a two-story building and you want to get from the first to the second floor what would you use to get there?
625:  We had uh steps. Steps to go up you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {D: But}
Interviewer:  Yeah and they called it a they call those those things from the first to the second floor they call them the what?
625:  They call 'em a a upstairs {X} Second floor. {X} the second floor and upstairs.
Interviewer:  If the door was open and you wanted you didn't want it that way what would you tell somebody to do?
625:  Tell 'em to to close the door.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh now what would you call boards on the outside of your house that would lap over each other?
625:  We call them weather boards.
Interviewer:  Weather board?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um and the part of the roo- the part that covers the house you call the
625:  The the roof.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh mr Moran what would what would the little things that were run water off the roof there on the edge of the roof?
625:  Uh they call them gutters. Gutters you see, they go up, run all around and come {X} and go down you see? They run run all around the down on the around in the house. And at one time people used to have uh uh big old system made of maybe eight foot in diameter then about eight seven eight foot tall. They had a faucet down there and people would catch and then they had the water all the gutters, water'd run into there.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
625:  #2 You # use that water for for uh scrubbing and washing and {X} even uh {X} the washing and scrubbing you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Some people would have a top to put on it and they'd even use it for drinking water you know?
Interviewer:  Is that so?
625:  They'd they'd fix it so that nothing could get in it you see. And use it for drinking water.
Interviewer:  Yeah. It was a you call it a cistern?
625:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # Big old barrel right?
625:  It it's made outta uh {X} cypress {D: David it's} uh I I I think {D: they're} call them water cisterns you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  I know {D: I I} worked at the well several places I've seen 'em {X} {D: with them trying to} {X} And they found a deep well there and they had big one water all over they had turpentine in a lot of the {X} {D: they made quarters you know all alone} before they could get water.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And they had a cistern up there {X} {NW} I don't know how many, it must have been about uh ten twelve for the dime {D: and turn} about twelve fourteen for the hide you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And the pump {X} all the time working uh pumped so much and when he get his {X} stops you know? It it kept taking water uh put water all the time
Interviewer:  Huh.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Um now what'd you call the place where the behind a house see the top of the house would end in L. What'd you call the place where the two roofs come together? And and you know the water would run down 'em? On top of the roof?
625:  Yeah. Well that they had uh uh when they have two roof coming together like they they it it it call that a valley and it it it run it {X} {X} so the they had to put a till behind us so that the w- water wouldn't get up and then run and uh I know they'd always have it fixed it looked like so it would run out the one end and the other.
Interviewer:  Huh.
625:  And well sometimes it run out from both ends. But I w- man there was too many houses build like that, they built I I see 'em built sometimes where they're close like that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And they they have a roof that leak but they wouldn't be too full, but I have seen the {X} say that uh
Interviewer:  Um did you have a did you have a little house where you'd store wood? Or or tools? A house where you store wood, what did you call that?
625:  Well uh {NW} no we we didn't have we had a box on the porch where we'd uh always when the weather was good we'd put a lot of wood in it you know? On the on the back porch somewhere there was {D: one of these} kitchen one in the the house {NW} and the w- we- we would {D: dry and wet 'em} and uh wood we cut a lot of wood and put in there in order {X} come rain or something we'd have plenty, and we'd always keep that full of wood you see?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And then the all we had to do was just go outside the door uh on the porch to get it you see?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what'd you call outdoor toilets?
625:  Well uh most people {X} call 'em a little outhouse. You know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Some of 'em call it a toilet {NW} outhouse you know?
Interviewer:  But y'all did have your toilet outside?
625:  We had we uh {D: had} people #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. #
625:  then they uh and uh They'd build 'em and some people dig dig a big hole {D: giant} deep you know? And they'd tore that dirt out and then they'd build a a toilet and then when they'd build it they'd put that dirt all around so the water wouldn't run in there. From the rainwater you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And of course uh people would go in there all the time and there'd always be a little water in there and uh but then uh the odor wouldn't be too bad you see? Always had the {NW} most of the people had a a cover on it you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {D: Where you with} hinges on it you go there and you graze it and when you'd get through you'd put it down there, keep the odor from and with a lotta water there there's always a little water going next to seep in, it could be {D: barely} so it wouldn't, wouldn't seep enough to always keep it closed, it wouldn't run over you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay. Can you tell me about some of the buildings on the farm? Uh like you know some of the buildings? Some of the places where you keep things. Keep the animals?
625:  Well {NW} {D: well there were} well everybody had uh uh maybe two to three buildings.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And sometimes more, one of 'em some of 'em had uh a cool trim maybe on the side of the barn and some of 'em had it {X} barn you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  It {X} went on the back end, it tore the corn from his back end you know and then they'd uh they go and they had the window and they'd they'd go up in {X} go in the barn, he go in there and get the corn you see? That's for the they'd they'd have {D: corn} on each side for the horses you see? And uh we some of 'em had {X} we had a big old bunch {D: corn sweeping barn} just big shelves and the the big loft. We'd put hay in there and the put the cattle in there you see?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  In the wintertime you'd come in there like in in and we'd {D: get us all} uh put 'em in there, they'd go in and out, we wouldn't shut 'em in the barn but they had a lock, they could walk in and out. Cuz uh when they'd come, sometimes they wouldn't come every night you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And then in the spring of the year we'd gather {X} people had cows, when I was a boy uh they'd have cans of they had cows that give uh as much as two gallons of milk or more she'd feed him the plenty of piney wood cows you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I remember we used to have cows {D: we could} as soon as we began to find {X} so old we'd uh we'd start milking them you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh we'd get up in the morning early and my mother'd we we'd go in there and she'd milk 'em, we'd tie the calf and and she'd milk 'em. We'd have milk, {X} And uh in the following year sometime we'd pick one to milk and the {D: I don't know what else} and feed it, she'd come at night and we'd feed it and milk it and put the calf out and uh we'd have milk sometimes. Through the winter.
Interviewer:  Did you have a place where you'd feed 'em?
625:  Well yeah we had a stall we'd put 'em in you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um well uh what about um did you have a place where you'd store grain? mr Moran?
625:  Well we had a call it corn crib there beside the old side
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  feed room, it wasn't separate from the feed room you #1 see? #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
625:  But the c- {D: the corn though} and the we'd always make pretty good bit of corn and the the then we didn't need no we didn't buy no fertilizer.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  We did our own fertilizer. {D: We'd use} you know?
Interviewer:  Um well uh what about the uh if hay, if you had too much hay in the barn you had to keep some out in the field what you keep it in? What would you call it?
625:  We s- stack it. Put a s- s- a hole in the ground and stack it round the put it round this and stomp on it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  But I I've seen the, I've done that. And I've seen people one of my wife's brother one time his daddy died and he come there and took over and he had two big boy named Charlie and {D: Hubful} And uh the rest of it he'd cut while he had hay coal stock and everything.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And he just uh hauled that stuff, he got some help. He c- he just pile it up that coal stock and everything and he stomped it. And in the following year he start putting cows in there and do you know spring come, there wasn't a piece of straw there uh {X} So after that I said why in the world you wanna uh put it in the barn and stamp it? Rain or shine, they stayed there they uh they wouldn't put 'em in there with wet and they'd {D: dry to put in it} {D: There wasn't} a bit of it, there wasn't a piece of corn stock there. That shows you what people do when they try it you know?
Interviewer:  Huh. Um what would you did you ever see a uh did you ever see a um well when you first cut the hay and it was lying out in the field in little piles what'd you call those little piles? You have a word for them?
625:  Well uh uh it was uh I was a married and had children before all of the the uh when they started using lawnmowers on on more more machines you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh and we'd uh no we'd cut first we had some what we call {X} they were about that tall you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And sometime we'd call and cut the corn stock and {D: stark 'em and} cut that hay. And then we had the native clover. {D: And they were strollers} with the I've seen the {X} and the picking up a hill like that, hold it straight up like that they'd {D: help} and still {D: hold} touch lay down on the ground you know? And uh that clover you didn't have to cut it. It {X} this one on there right there the way you'd cut and start cutting {D: yeah?} Maybe you'd wind up way over there and you'd have all this other cut {X} we had to come back and cut another wedge, start again you know? But the way it {X} this one you had to cut from it you see when
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {D: And about} I don't know we'd just let 'em call or I don't know we'd just call 'em {X} Uh and I I we'd start cutting out out {X} get one of my brother and start cutting, they {X} by the I guess the neck of the cut. {D: Ain't it clover} we started one morning {X} cut all day that day and the next mor- the next day we'd cut through about uh four o'clock that evening and then them boys come up hard rain and it and and that flow was {X} He'd cut it and you can't cut it all the way except {X} when you went through you cut it and it's in the fire you know? And when another fire lit up it still breathes and it rained for two a couple days hard too and and uh and the sunshine come out stayed about two days, I went there about the second day and I took and I began to {X} {X} about ten o'clock. Then uh {NW} That evening I went there and I made a {X} The next morning about ten o'clock I went there and the {D: note that again boarded steam} {D: I couldn't get ready} You could see smoke coming out of it.
Interviewer:  Yeah. {X}
625:  Sprayed it again and that night I I made a bigger pile and the next day I went there about ten o'clock and over a month we was seeing smoke all over that place it was steam coming out of it you know? And then that uh that evening about two o'clock I got {D: help} {X} spread it out very thin you know? And the gr- ground was {X} hay {NW} just pure and green the leaves of uh fell it it'd been dry. And and wet but yet the leaves was falling off you see.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  But none of it fell off and and I got some help took that hay in and we just {X} as it could be.
Interviewer:  Huh. Um did you ever have a did you ever see a covered haystack that had four poles maybe and a slight roof? You never saw one of those?
625:  No.
Interviewer:  {D: Not the fifth?} Okay. Um now what can you tell me about some of the places where you keep the animals. You said uh did you have any did you have any uh what animals did you have on the place? And where would you keep
625:  Well I had a I had a horse, I had it {D: with} sometime. {D: I had a bunch of} {NW} I had two pair of mules two different times uh and and then {NW} uh three and four horses. {X} you know had always had one good plow horse and I had {X} one time I had uh {X} {X} {NW} {D: care for another yoke} steer for my boy one time and we traded off uh a mare and a colt
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And then I had a a an old mare and a and both of them they raised the colt with 'em so we had them two and had that old black mare and then bought a pair of mules. And one of 'em died and I sold the other one and then I bought another pair of mules. {NW} And uh we used them to plow with, we had the old mare {X} she was I'd always use her to plow my gardens and things like that, she could plow without her {X} she just talked to you, she'd go you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  One of the best plow horses around in the country. The mule was good too but I could h- if I wanted to plow little stuff like {D: to hold my} nine times she {X} to walk you know? And if I say gee gee I didn't want to say it too loud she {X}
Interviewer:  To go to the right?
625:  She she go to the left gee and haw she'd come right.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And she knew that just as good as anybody. I could {X} but just taking one at the other end and one here and I'd move it every time I'd {D: go} I'd pull on them two stick I'd I'd look over I'd I'd I never pull the line just talk to her and I'd keep the hay right uh them stick right between it. I'd get there and {X} stretch on that thing and never touch the ground.
Interviewer:  Huh.
625:  {X} They told me about {D: wood I had} {NW} when I was I guess when I was about twelve thirteen years old I I had {X} My my one of my older brothers made a a wagon one of them wagons caught a fire one time, the iron wheels burned up and the {D: front uh} was working out there and come to dinner. My daddy had a a wagon out there and so when the was loading some pine trees and my father woke up and he saw there was a hole there was water there. The iron wheel was burnt and the someone took the one of 'em caught the shaft and run into that hole of water and put it out {X} we wasn't hurt too much but they uh {X} so one of my older brothers cut the middle of the axe and then doubled it that way and put some bolts in it and made a a tongue on it. I'd I'd hold the wood. {D: with} all with all the {X} {D: with them} wheels got to place 'em and uh in the corner just like {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And now you sit down in the wagon and drive just like you would oxen you know? And we had all the wood we wanted um {D: decide that we} {D: branch we lived} {NW} {D: ah and maybe that old} go to the other side of the branch, I'd go over there and load that thing and it'd come through that mud just the same as {X} you know? I believe that it was {D: strongest than when} i- i- i- it was from that side you know? And the I was working up there {X} across the river there one fellow was one of {X} I met a man on the road {X} I stopped and asked him what he's doing he said he's putting wagon wood on the ro- road there for the company.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  {X} and he said uh {NW} that night he had a pretty big he'd feed him corn and give him hay and and water there. He said he was making money with them goats. {X} He'd even stain the water tray. I wish I had a uh picture of him {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um well what would you call uh did you have a shelter for cows where they could go under when it started raining?
625:  Yeah we had a this bull we had here
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  About uh {D: I didn't} there there wasn't {X} come all the time, even in the wintertime.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  We'd uh we'd have a {X} uh we'd leave it open and some of 'em would come, we'd shut 'em up in the in there, sometime we'd just leave it open and they'd come in there but they
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Them days they they didn't come too much because they had no shelter out there {X} you know pine trees and all kind
Interviewer:  And and uh where would you keep your horses?
625:  Well we kept them uh we had stables to keep them in and some of them we got uh we {NW} turned 'em out they'd stay around, they wouldn't go and {D: for} if we {X} always had little bale room. {D: Wanna} find 'em get out there and {D: find where they're raising} find 'em you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Sometime had the little pastures that would keep 'em in but sometime I'd put 'em out in the {X} {X}
Interviewer:  Um what what where would you keep your hogs and pigs?
625:  Well they stayed out in the woods, we raised 'em raised 'em in the woods. We generally had a {X} had a pen uh {X} out on the {D: cotton somewhere there the} always had a pen with a w- with a roof on it and a floor and I never {X} never did have a hog on the ground in fact.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And I'd always make it leaning and the {D: hog is} it's a it's a we call 'em a hog and you think they're dirty but they {isn't so} they had one place they use for the bathroom, they'd go in this one place and that's all.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  The rest of the pen was just as clean as the as anything keep it clean, there isn't anything on it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now was the shelter open? Was it open or was clo- enclosed?
625:  It was enclosed.
Interviewer:  Okay and you called it a what?
625:  A a a a pig pen.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  One time I had one of the other one in y barn, I put it right in the corner like that you know?
Interviewer:  Um did you have a place mr Moran where when you milked the cows you'd put the milk maybe it would be a cool running stream or something like that?
625:  No not {D: for the} {NW} when we'd milk just for our own like that course I wa- I did uh milk cows in there it was in there four or five years you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  #1 Yeah but #
Interviewer:  #2 Is that so? #
625:  we had a cooler then had running water. It would come up in a funnel like that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  About that big. And about that high. And the water'd run through there. {X} I had artesian water.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  We had coil in there running. And then on top there was another one go up like that. And just on the outside of that place they had holes all around it you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And they'd work in there and they'd run down on that uh on that water on that coil that was filled with water there. And you'd catch a glass of milk there and drink it just almost like the ice water. They call that {X}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um this so a dairy was may you might say dairy was where you kept your milk cold? You call it that?
625:  Yeah well {NW} we'd run it through there and then had a a I also had a route from where I lived there and {X} {NW} with the {X} and then we'd figure I'd bring maybe about ten ten {X} before I get through the creamery but it it'd never be none of it never spoiled you see {X} and once it kept that take that animal heat in there then it it it be cool and keep the the {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Now uh what would you call the place where you let your animals out to graze mr Moran?
625:  Well it's just a open wood, we had very little that's the reason I didn't stay in Dairyville too long we didn't have enough {D: uh ground} to make uh enough uh {D: the waving} {X} well I finally realized {X} and something like that uh and the a friend of some uh {X} {X} and anyways you know what that's good for.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah you you you call that the what? A you know you call it the
625:  Well it's a {NW} {D: plan that Austin Rivers} for grazing you know? I had planned out in the fall and the man told me to uh early the fall and we'd generally have a the cows come in in the wintertime you see?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And the and the friend told me to put the cows in there, didn't have very big place I had about two-and-a-half acres up there and and he said put the uh where the cows and get ready to come fresh put 'em in there, that green stuff I would never have n- no trouble {D: Ben did deliver it}
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {X} # just make 'em deliver it clean you know and
Interviewer:  #1 How fresh #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  what is it?
625:  Comes fresh it comes but they have no trouble you know?
Interviewer:  You mean have when they were pregnant or
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright um what would you call uh 'un- you know grass that grew up in your field that you didn't want? {D: surp} sort of any sort of grass, do you have a name for that?
625:  Well yeah we had uh we had some uh I had some {X} grass grow in the field.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Which I had uh when I'd plow {NW} {NW} it started in two or three other places.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And every time I plowed I would have turned the plow back there and the horse {D: turn the plow} I have a way and I'd t- take her from one place to the other and I'd I had a {X} I I'd take her take her and put {X} I'd take care of her {D: best} I could and put on there and they'd stayed out, trot out in the woods some of 'em and the neighboring cows would eat it you know? {X} #1 uh #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. # Okay.
625:  Finally got rid of it too.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And then they had what they call {X} I'd I'd dig that up even take a shovel and try and dig it up and {X} {X}
Interviewer:  Um can you tell me about the types of fences you'd see I mean you had around here? All the types of fences you had.
625:  Well the first type of fence I've I've seen was the was rail-to-rail.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh they'd cut the rails about uh they had uh yellow pine they'd cut about eleven foot long.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And they'd spray the then they'd {D: tie tangle} tree they'd try to take a tree by {X} uh in twelve inches {X} in there about. And then they'd cut 'em about eleven foot in length and they'd {D: strip} {X} easy to strip They'd strip one about four feet and then they'd strip uh uh w- uh {X} like that and then split another one {X} you see
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
625:  #2 On the # sap. And uh {NS} they'd {X} split hard pieces {NW} and uh they'd call them binders. And they'd take the they'd sharpen one end and the top end they'd tug it with a {X} and they'd s- split some uh cypress piece uh they'd cut it about twelve inches like that.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And then split it about make a stick like that maybe {X} and they'd just split it off of there {X} and they'd dig a had a {D: awl} about an inch-and-a-half. {D: That big old} drill a hole through that and the top of these binders they'd they'd put uh {D: lighted this} stick in the ground and they'd put it about the same size, they'd put that on top and there they'd put uh I don't know if I could give you a
Interviewer:  What do you call those things that they that they put the in the ground?
625:  Uh I guess you'd call them s- standard binders you know?
Interviewer:  You call 'em the uh well you have to dig a hole for 'em for the what?
625:  You wouldn't dig a hole, you'd uh you'd uh you'd uh {D: you'd put} they'd be sharp and you'd stick 'em down there stick 'em down on your uh you had to work it down to where you could take a stick and stick it down and have a sharp uh {D: go in the same} {X}
Interviewer:  What would you call these things?
625:  That {D: they} {NW} I guess you's call them uh
Interviewer:  The post right.
625:  The post or binders you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  See you see the uh
Interviewer:  One of 'em would be one of 'em would be a a post right?
625:  Uh uh both of 'em you see there this this cap you would have a hole in it and the top would be taped to hold it together.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Now they put this this {X} stick it in there and pull it back over here you see and then they'd put all alone then they'd come back and put one on the on on top like that you see?
Interviewer:  I see.
625:  I I should've started from the bottom.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  But you see it it it if I had some matches, let me see if I have some matches I can show you better with with some matches {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And you could slip the railing over that. Uh each way like that you could slip one end one end for the other one and you pull the lay all the way.
Interviewer:  I see so the {X} would go be- it would go it would go through the what what would you say? The railing would you had those two posts and the railing would go
625:  In between them like that you see?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And that'd hold 'em see and uh and uh I I I guess you'd call it uh the binder or the fence post to hold the railing up you #1 see? #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. # But what about other types of fences mr Moran? Did you have a what about the wire fence?
625:  Well they then from that they went to uh uh net uh net wire. First that wire was started off about thirty-two inches and they had some twenty-four inches.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Then one then they went to thirty thirty-nine inches
Interviewer:  #1 what was #
625:  #2 and then #
Interviewer:  that net wire?
625:  Net wire
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 It was #
Interviewer:  Was that barbed wire?
625:  No barbed wire was that one was uh is a s- uh s- uh uh {X} the wire. The bottom was just about big enough for the {D: BB} couldn't go through there and then they'd
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 dig # {X} had to go up and get {D: stuff}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Well after they got a steel wire about {X} uh six inches like that, some of 'em closer you know? And there they'd make it through small wire and some heavy wire and big just uh now they they have they make this {X} wire which is six and seven foot tall you see?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um and what do you call that wire that you catch your cl- you know always catch your pants on, you try and get over it?
625:  That that's barbed wire.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright.
625:  {X} careful with how you handle that uh scratch your hand or burn yourself.
Interviewer:  That's the truth.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  What um now did you ever have a little kind of fake egg that you'd put in a hen's nest to make it start laying? It wasn't a real egg, it was a fake egg. Do you have a name for that?
625:  Yeah we call that a nest egg.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Alright.
625:  mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Um and uh well they also call it the the china egg too, some folks do.
625:  {NW} Yes and the and in French you call it a chinois. {C: French} I don't know where they got that word from.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I remember fishing that {D: lyric from a} used to g- goes church he he'd call me {X} over there it's chinois {C: French} you know it's French, use the French phrase you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  The preacher he was {X} And French too. He he he
Interviewer:  Call that a {D: chinois} huh?
625:  Uh-huh. Yeah.
Interviewer:  Um now what would you et out of that your wife you know you used to call it did you ever have you know you used to call what you ate out of the what?
625:  A a pla- plate plate.
Interviewer:  Yeah but you you used to call it the
625:  Dishes.
Interviewer:  Yeah all the dishes together you call them the
625:  Well we'd call 'em chinaware.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. um and you'd eat with a uh what utensils you ate with?
625:  We eat with a fork a
Interviewer:  Yeah. And a you cut with a
625:  A knife.
Interviewer:  And you'd eat your maybe a dessert with a
625:  With a spoon.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  Okay. Now two more than one knife would be called say you had {B}
625:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Coo-
625:  {NW} Well sometimes you'd have two if you had butter or something like that to use you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  But most of the time you have just one knife park in the school you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah but you might have two knives right?
625:  Yeah. At times yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh. Okay Can you say that for me? Just say that word knives.
625:  Knives yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 Uh-huh. #
Interviewer:  Alright. Um now what would you put flowers in Mr Moran? You you might put flowers in a you'd bring 'em inside in a what?
625:  Uh w- we'd have a regular vase for it you know for the vase?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And vase put flowers and put water in it.
Interviewer:  Okay um what was something big a big black thing your mother used to boil water in, you said to wash?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  You call that the what?
625:  They they call it the washpot.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  I got one I I had one I wouldn't take a {D: penny} I paid at least seven or eight dollars, I wouldn't take uh a hundred dollars for it.
Interviewer:  I'd like to see that. Um now what would you cook in? You'd fry something in what would you fry in?
625:  Well we had uh after I married we had a an iron skillet we'd fry eggs or meat in it or something like that you know?
Interviewer:  Did did you ever have one in the fire that had legs on it?
625:  M- my mother did but after that I didn't {X} I don't know what ever become of all her dishes. Course well now they got 'em I guess and people quit using them you know I don't know what {D: that was}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I know that some of 'em did burn up when the the house burned up, I had a lotta things all my school book and everything burned up in it you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Would you call that a a a the one with the legs on it, did you have a name for that?
625:  Well uh {NW}
Interviewer:  Spider? You ever call that
625:  No the at that time I believe they've called it a it a skillet. Best I remember.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Now what kind of bucket would you, what kind of container would you use to slop the hogs with? You know when you go out to slop the to feed the hogs?
625:  Well we had all kinds of we had maybe an old water bucket we use and and then again uh people use to use uh lotta uh axle grease they'd buy in tin g- {NW} five-gallon cans you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And then that'd be use to wash it in, make good uh feed bucket. You had a lotta the to feed the cattle and oxen and thing like that you know, people use to use lotta uh oxen work oxen then they'd use a lot of them you know {D: we used that} A wagon and whips you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Well uh could you tell me the different sort of things you'd use to carry stuff in? You know carry all the stuff in. You told me about a a bucket. What else? Did you have
625:  Well people used to when I was a kid there was {D: injuns down there} they'd make basket.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And u- use basket {NW} uh handy to go pick uh pick beans peas in and thing it Nearly everybody had that. There are some like that like you gotta beans, peas, okra and thing and use they'd use them you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  You could make 'em here, they had some with the handle on, you could take it lay it down, pick it up. And uh they'd last a long time.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  They'd make 'em out of bamboo. Use uh uh spin you know at about four five to four foot long and split 'em
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And let 'em dry and they'd paint 'em.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Make I know how they made 'em they they used to walk ten twelve miles maybe more and some of 'em would bring their babies on their shoulders and the others would they'd put 'em in sack and put on their shoulder.
Interviewer:  Uh they what's they do they {D: towed they}
625:  No they'd they'd cut a hole in the sack and put it on the uh on each arm and just carry them on their shoulders like that, I've seen 'em carry it {D: they went from} down there w- up to Jordan River there was Jordan River, they'd come up to Jordan River there {D: where they'd there's was} there was bamboo that grow tall you know and get the stem?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And they'd uh s- s- take 'em to the strip and they'd go, it'd be the same size then they'd paint 'em. Make basket. They'd walk in the bay and sell 'em. That's what they made a living at.
Interviewer:  I see. Uh okay now what would you carry milk in? {D: Mr Jordan} You say you carried milk in a
625:  Now you mean at the house or in the uh creamery?
Interviewer:  We- yeah at the creamery and the house?
625:  Well {D: what we would do} for the creamery we had ten-gallon tins. They'd hold and they'd fill 'em up they'd hold supposed to hold eighty-five pounds of milk.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh uh we always I I always when I had a when the creamery} would always pick one cow and milk uh and and save the feed for the house you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And when she went dry pick another one {D: there} I used a cow {NW} same cow all the time {D: you see?} Same cost for the milk {D: the hotel} had changed you know? And uh
Interviewer:  #1 What about #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  I'm sorry go ahead.
625:  I I run it through that cooler and then I'd take it to the house and my wife would uh uh she still she's she'd strain it and we of course we had a strainer we put a strainer in that uh in the right where it run through there and that's {D: to go through it} But my wife would still strain it and put it in in in a big uh containers and put it in the box you know? {X} -fridga- re- refrigerators
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
625:  #2 We # have we have milk all the time you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah. What about uh at the house you say you'd you'd carry milk y- you were talking about a different thing you carry the house in. You carry it you carry it in a what?
625:  Uh we had a s- a special uh bucket container for that for the to to carry the milk in the house and we'd catch it right from the {X} where it come through that {X} {D: old black} cooler you know? We kept it separate.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  It wouldn't go in the it wouldn't go in the can.
Interviewer:  Okay and it was made was it made out of metal?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay it was a little thin little thing made out of metal then right? With an open top?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah what #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  {X} what would you call it? Do you just call it a do you call it a pale maybe or
625:  Yeah {D: a} {D: a} {D: a} we use it from uh milk milk pale you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay um now uh what about some of the things you use to haul bigger stuff in? Like flour, what what would you keep flour in? What would you buy it in?
625:  Well uh when I was a boy my daddy'd buy flour by the barrel.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  With them ninety-eight pound barrel you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 When # sometime you'd buy half a barrel but most of the time you'd buy uh a whole barrel.
Interviewer:  What about sugar? Did you buy sugar? What'd you buy sugar in? Well Oh he'd buy sugar I don't know about uh ten pounds I guess at a time you know a big bunch of it, rice. Uh a a Did you buy it did you buy it in the sack? {D: Or?}
625:  N- no {NW} well I guess he did we used to we raised a lot of our rice so I remember when I was a kid I'd w- we'd raise rice. We would get my daddy's plow's about that high, he'd send his son there one on each side and pull all the grass out {D: they'd be over there getting cover} you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh then when it was ready to cut he'd cut it and lay it down and and let it dry and then we had to go there and tie it, roll it up and tie it and roll it, take it in and beat it. And then we'd have a a {D: mole} {D: it's} made outta light {NW} yellow pine they'd drill hole in it and and set it to fine burn and then they'd take some that had {X} {D: working round} And they they make now the about that long and uh about that big around and the end'd be round and the hole in that {D: now would} would be round that mole would be round. And uh this uh right in the middle they'd make it small, you could take man one man could take two and beat 'em like that {D: there two point} one'd take one the other one {D: hand you} off and down like that.
Interviewer:  What would you do you'd What would you do?
625:  Beat beat that rice in that in that {X} 'un-
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Until they'd get all that {D: cuff off} And uh then when they'd get it all out {D: you'd} we had these some of these basket these Indian make some flat like these fan 'em good you know? And get all that stuff out. All that {D: cloth} {X} pick it out and put it back in there and l- later on we'd put it on the side uh beat it again but you could beat it and and and pick on it take all that {D: puff} out And then uh you'd clean it that rice tastes better than what you get now. It was really good. Telling you people just it was hard to believe how much better that rice tasted. It
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
625:  #2 have # full taste of rice.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Okay. Now um did you uh um did you buy uh mola- what'd you buy molasses in? Maybe. What would it come in?
625:  It would uh Oh at one time I remember they used to put it in jugs.
Interviewer:  I see.
625:  And they'd put the cork on it and then put little {D: rosses} on there. To keep it sealed you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh {NW} then not too long they'd begin to use the {X} somebody come out with tin they begin to use tin then you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what would you use to pour it from a you know from a in something into a narrow mouth bottle? It it was one of these big things and you'd pour something into it, you'd you'd use it to pour into a narrow-mouth bottle.
625:  You know they had funnels.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 Yeah # they had funnels {C: mumbling}
Interviewer:  Alright. Um and you what would you use to urge your horses on when you were when you were driving along?
625:  Well some of 'em used {D: didn't have to have mine but} just a line uh if you drive 'em, just a line you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh they got {X} before I was married they got to {X} horse down in the bay. And uh that son of a gun would saddle I I'd go out at night and I had to run the rope around the tree about It was kinda cold and run it around the between between the {D: her} and the tree. I always keep 'em 'til I can get 'em and then I'd get the rope and that thing'd buck like a bucking horse y- you know? And uh I had a buggy I finally got a bi- uh uh top {D: Barnsville} top buggy
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And one day I w- when the I was on the creek swimming I found me a long switch and I cut it and I put it on that thing and then I come and I {D: uh he stopped and I shook shook that} switch man uh that thing like to run away with, I had to {D: tore} it off I didn't I didn't need no switch, oh I had to hold him down. All the time {D: I have a}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now uh back to stuff that you put stuff in if you go to the grocery store and bought some fruit the uh the grocer would put 'em in maybe in a what?
625:  They had uh bag paper bags to put 'em in.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  Um did you ever uh did you ever see like um stuff that was put in a what would you what would you put sugar in? Like big pounds of sugar would come in a what?
625:  It it'd come in a uh
Interviewer:  Well maybe potatoes.
625:  Potatoes, they'd come {D: there} they'd come sugar {D: you'd get 'em the} I know people used to they had uh they had wooden wooden container made outta cypress with a lid on it #1 you know? #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. # Uh-huh.
625:  And a handle on it.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  We used to use uh that to put a lotta thing in it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  I remember I remember my mother had something and there was a lot of people that {D: see} and uh and they'd uh they'd they had s- some uh something like that, some of 'em they'd put sugar in it you know? They'd uh get sugar and put 'em in there.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And there they and uh
Interviewer:  Well alright go ahead I'm sorry.
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 What # about corn meal? Y- you know corn meal might come in a would come in if it didn't come in a barrel it would come in a
625:  Well well I actually remembered most of the people had had {D: whispmeal} around where they'd gri- grind corn you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And they'd bring corn in and have uh uh grinder and just take so much corn {D: Bertoli} you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Have you ever heard #
625:  #2 We were da- #
Interviewer:  {X} {D: Bertolin?}
625:  We have
Interviewer:  That was uh and what amount was that about?
625:  They'd take about uh uh I don't know bushels they'd take about a a gallon I believe.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 Wouldn't # take much but just a little bit you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now did you ever use sacks for anything? What what would you kinda what kinda sacks? Would you ever use
625:  Oh yeah there's uh there's uh there's s- {NS} coca sack they call it.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And they use that to I know {D: here in labor the bay and} make now don't they don't use they're no use to them. They're they're just made out of uh one of the sacks are made out of uh I can't ca- I can't call it right now. But they call 'em coca sack I know the {X} what they're made out of I I
Interviewer:  Burlap?
625:  Burlap. Yeah.{C:mumbles} Yeah.{C:mumbles}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um uh now when a light burned out you have to put in a new whe- when a when a light burns out in an electric lamp you have to put in a new
625:  Bulb.
Interviewer:  Yeah what kind of bulb a
625:  Well {X} At one time they didn't have electricity you know they just have lamp, kerosene lamp. And
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 they # kerosene lamps in room you know they have
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  But uh of course uh let's see {X} it was nineteen- I believe it was nineteen- thirties when it started {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Uh little electrification {D: over in the} I was born the first may in the few, the first may and we got uh light uh in Hancock County when it started you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um well going back to what you talking about what do you used to burn in lamps?
625:  Kerosene.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh what would you call maybe a makeshift lamp that was made out of a rag and a bottle and kerosene? Did you ever have a name for that?
625:  I I no I well I wa- I was using them and they'd see seen a lotta people use 'em.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 You know? #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  #1 They #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  you know they're called a would you call it a torch or?
625:  Uh well I I {NW} I that's what I they'd call 'em yeah torch {D: cuz uh} I have seen camping like that and we'd run outta kerosene we'd go use a skillet upside down put put a put a light on it you know {D: they see} {D: you need the lamp} on the table you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {NW} I I don't know if you ever saw that or not but
Interviewer:  Yeah. I see.
625:  I seen that.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now uh if you have a door hinge that's squeaking you'd put what on it? Or
625:  We we'd uh well uh I I I {D: I let we kept a} we'd always have a a {X} machine oil that'd we'd uh use {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now uh when you take your clothes out and hang 'em up on the line you put 'em in a take 'em out there, you'd put 'em in a what?
625:  Well the some of 'em would uh would pick 'em up put 'em on their arm, come in and then uh fold 'em and then some uh {D: one} {X} Some of 'em didn't need to be pressed, just fold 'em and some of 'em'd they'd uh put it there and and and press 'em you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Or sometimes they'd lay 'em there and press 'em and {D: then} one time uh I've seen people my mother did, she'd press everything and fold and she'd press it and put it away you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And most people used to do that.
Interviewer:  Um yeah but you you put 'em in something to carry 'em out to the line maybe. You call that a what?
625:  Well uh {D: the the thing they usually} at at one time I remember they had a a big basket.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  That they'd put 'em in that {D: to} take 'em out and then they would take 'em out and bring 'em in {X} they had some of them things uh take that long. And they were that big you you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Now, you know what nails came in? You know you used to buy nails in these
625:  Oh yeah they come in uh keg. Wooden keg {D: handmade wood with the handmade binder} {X}
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X} then they'd come in two-hundred pound kegs.
Interviewer:  And what did you say would run around the barrel to keep the s- staves in place?
625:  Hoo- hoops we call them hoops.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now uh what would you put in the top of a bottle maybe?
625:  Well at one time we used cork.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  We- now they use caps.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Different thing you know? {D: we we} used cork.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um and uh didn't what would it be made out of?
625:  {X} made out of dry wood they tell me, they get it out of the swamp certain kind of wood it'd be {NW} dry enough and it's spongy like just enough when it it'd work it out. #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
625:  They they'd dry up and and and it it it {D: It broke there}
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh now when you're when you're over at the sink water comes outta the what? What is that thing you call it comes out of?
625:  Faucet.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now if it was outside you know something outside like that would you call it a you have another word for it?
625:  Well uh no it's a a we got one there by the house there uh
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  A faucet. {D:straight} faucet
Interviewer:  #1 Okay #
625:  #2 over there # by that.
Interviewer:  What about um Mr Moran when you ever when you had barrels and uh you had to you had to get in the barrel you maybe knocked one of these things in there and you'd turn it on? What would you call that? and the the stuff wha- whatever the liquid that's in the barrel would come flowing out? Do you have a name for that?
625:  No I don't uh {D: know that we} uh I would have anything in liquid they'd go over there drill a hole and put a a a a faucet in it so the
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} # take it out you know?
Interviewer:  Alright. Okay.
625:  {D: Wouldn't go we'd we'd} I've had my daddy'd made syrup and they had some syrup made and they put it in barrels. And then when we did we had to drill a hole and put a faucet in it.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um and what would you do with a ha- with a what would you can you describe the act of say driving a driving a nail in for me? You you'd say you what would you use?
625:  We use a well uh just the ordinary thing it is, we use a hammer. And of course it's it depend on some of these uh hammer uh some of these big nail you might need a bigger nail uh hammer you know? That'd have a at least six uh number six the nail's about that long you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {X} And when the hammer put in you really need a heavy hammer. {D: What happens}
Interviewer:  Yeah and you you say I took the hammer and I
625:  Pulled the nail. Bent the nail over.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  Alright. Um now I wondered uh oh, let me ask you a couple of questions. What would you call a little musical instrument that children'd play, you know you hold it up to your mouth? You play it like that?
625:  They call that a French horn.
Interviewer:  French horn? Uh okay. Um now what was thing you held between your teeth and plucked on?
625:  A harmonica. Let's see it's it's a uh I know it's {D; something probably got a} little thing the sound hole.
Interviewer:  Yeah you put it in your mouth you hold it between your teeth and pick it with your fingers to twang.
625:  Oh well I think one of them things uh I I used to
Interviewer:  You know {NW} like
625:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 that? #
625:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
625:  Um {D: I I said uh one} {X} they'd use the French horn, they call 'em harmonicas too there
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah okay. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  But this here is a I couldn't take {X} it's been so long since
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Jew's # harp, you ever call it
625:  I believe that's what it was something like that.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um okay Mr Moran, can you tell me about uh all about wagons and and the parts of a wagon and and what you'd you know what you'd use for the wagon?
625:  Oh yes. Well you see you got, used to have a hub to make a wheel and the spokes you'd put in it and the rim to put around it uh and the iron. And then we had to heat that iron to shrink it down in and know just how you got to make the ir- w- wood wrench solid enough that you got to have a little wooden wheel between two little slot like that, and on the ground and {X} on it and know how fast they go. And then you tug run it around your iron and tell how much you got for to expand it so it will shrink up from there {X} wheel smaller than that rim when it shrinks.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um well what would you call the uh uh the thing you put the wheels on?
625:  {X} well you got to have an axle with a with a um hub hub on it.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  With a wheel and and uh and another one on the end to hold it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um and uh and what would you call the what'd you call the wood on which the tire was fixed?
625:  The it's uh it's made outta rope.
Interviewer:  Oh I see. When you speak of the felly you ever heard of that word?
625:  The what?
Interviewer:  Do you know what the felly is?
625:  Don't believe I do.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um when a horse is hitched to a wagon what do you call a bar of wood that the traces are fa- fastened onto?
625:  shaft. shaft.
Interviewer:  The shafts?
625:  Yeah. And they got the uh the the piece of chain that hooks to it. There's a a there's a singletree on the
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} # on the cross piece on the sh- on the shaft.
Interviewer:  Okay. If you had two horses and each one has a singletree what do you call a thing that both of these are hitched to?
625:  Well that's a that's a
Interviewer:  In order to keep the horses together.
625:  That's uh one tow and that's you've got a you've got another tree in the front of the horse.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And a and a doubletree in the back. And the and and the {D: tools tools} singletree on that doubletree you see?
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {D: It got} # it got a chain from each uh yoke in the front you got a yoke and it it hook from the collar of each uh uh horse uh ho- hold 'em together.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} # And if you pull back that keeps the wagon in position they can't uh they uh roll forward and they back it up {X}
Interviewer:  Alright um uh now what would you say uh what would you do with a wagon you'd say if uh if there was a log in the road you'd say he'd tie a rope to the log to get it out of the road and you would do what?
625:  Well either that or if he had a s- a saw and uh and you knew it was gonna be there you'd take a saw {D: along} and cut it. Roll it out the way. Or either tie uh get the horse to {X} if it's a tree that you could handle and just pull it out of the way. Drag it out the way.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um you'd say I tied a rope to it and
625:  Tied a ch- uh a rope or chain to it and and and and drag it out the way and and but a lot of times people would go around one until somebody would go there and move the tree. You know they wouldn't take the
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  They'd get when they'd get tired of going around somebody'd claim firewood. Uh and use it to move the log, just go there and maybe cut it and and uh tie a chain or a rope around it and pull it out the way with a horse you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now can you tell me about the different sort of things you'd use to rake the ground with in the spring?
625:  Well yeah. We use a turning plow. {X} We and there was I they'd always have a two-horse plow and {X} I'd give to one time before the next But we'd use a hor- uh turning plow about just s- seven six seven and eight inches turning plow.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And then uh we'd do that in the spring and and uh first and then later on we'd uh turn it over in the garden and especially in the garden, we'd turn it over with what they call a hand shovel.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And they'd make the ground better and then they'd plant the garden there. And then they'd {X} by the second time, sometimes the third time they'd plant the corn you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  {X} cuz all that stuffs a lot stockpile it early.
Interviewer:  Okay what would you use to break the ground up finer after
625:  Uh uh a half-shovel they'd call it.
Interviewer:  Half-shovel. Okay. Or uh a harrow? Did you ever use a harrow?
625:  Well we'd run that over sometime but {D: a harrow uh} but a few thousand turns {X} with a half-shovel they call it. {X} you'd turn it
Interviewer:  #1 Ye- yeah. #
625:  #2 up uh up and # and actually it it wouldn't it would just be just as {X}
Interviewer:  Did you ever have a cu- a a double shovel? What'd you call that?
625:  Well it
Interviewer:  Did you ever have a double buster?
625:  No I had {D: was it} I had two raised plows, still got it, it's here somewhere. {X}
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {X} # Two piece uh piece iron comes uh off like that and they got two plows, one one there close to the {D: coon} one there for the behind.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And they steered the plow {D: corn with} When the corn is little you it that first one there it would uh {D: it'd} you'd raise it up a little and put a little bit of uh dirt and the other one'd uh bring it up a little further. And keep uh all that big carpet grass out you see?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And {D: then run it} one time you'd have it maybe whatever it would cover the grass {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what would you call an X-shaped frame that you'd lay logs across to cut 'em into stove lengths? You know maybe uh the you'd you'd put a sawbuck on it? I mean you put a saw uh I mean a a you you'd use it to saw logs.
625:  #1 {D: lay it across} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
625:  Cross-cut saw. You'd use a cross-cut saw, when I I I never put put 'em on top of just cut a tree down and cut it to length {D: raise it to length} {D: wood and} cut cut the fire blocks you know? Choke and the whole
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {X} # {X} Uh the hogs the {D: hounds} they'd split it up and stack it there, let it dry.
Interviewer:  Yeah well these this thing was a type you know it was the type thing you might put on you might use for the foundation of a table, a couple of 'em. You'd you'd have a couple of 'em and you'd lay something across it maybe. And cut 'em. What do you call those things you lay 'em across? With an X-
625:  #1 Well well #
Interviewer:  #2 shape? #
625:  I know what you're talking about, it's a it's a a crosspiece.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {D: I got} and uh and one in the center. And the one at the bottom to keep the legs straight you know for the {D: moon} there.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh uh you could cut 'em up uh uh {D: out of the} use 'em like they're blocks. Something I'd have as much as three like that you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 And # two of 'em would be close {D: without} {D: if the wood had} {D: had to short it} cutting that short piece there.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  Do you have a name for it?
625:  Well it's a a I I'd call it a three-legged uh
Interviewer:  Sawbuck or sawhorse?
625:  Yeah th- thr- thr- three-legged sawhor- sawhorse is what we call it, that's what we call it with three legs on it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright um now uh you what would you use to straighten your h- to to fix your hair?
625:  A a comb we used to comb with a brush.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um. They used to say you would you'd take that and you'd what would you do?
625:  Well I'd comb my I'd comb my hair and then use the brush and brush it freshen up
Interviewer:  Okay. Um and what would you use to sharpen a razor on?
625:  A a a well they call a regular razor rock you know? And it's uh {X} razor on it. It's smooth as it could be you know?
Interviewer:  Razor {D: hummer?} Yeah. Okay. Um did you ever call it a {D: strawhook} {D: my mother had} that they had a razor strop too. I I I h- I still got one somewhere I don't know where it is. I got that thing about thirty thirty some years. Okay.
625:  {D: well worn} I've always worn uh uh razor like that then strop it. And uh I I wore it I worn many a razor, I've never did have somebody sharpen it, I'd do it my own there. Every time I'd shave I'd rub {X} just a few times and I'd take that strop and and then I'd wipe it good and dry it good. It wasn't no trouble with that.
Interviewer:  Did you uh did you have a name for what were the the types of things you would uh you would maybe sharpen an axe with? You had one was kind of a Well a grindstone. t- t- turn it you know {D: wheel on} grindstone one at a time {X} {D: get the axe it} Yeah. Okay. The the one that would turn?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  You call it a grindstone?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Do you have a name for the one that would just sit flat and you'd you know you'd use turned over on the
625:  Well the the they still have them, they call them uh uh
Interviewer:  Like to sharpen
625:  Wet uh rock, a whetrock. You know?
Interviewer:  Whetrock?
625:  Yeah I got I got two of 'em now little knife rocks with that loam you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  You use to sharpen knives on.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what would you use to put in a gun? What what do you call the ammunition you put in a gun?
625:  Well the first gun I ever used I used, it had a muzzle on it, put a little powder in it and put a wad in it and crank it good and then you'd put some shot in, you'd put another wad
Interviewer:  #1 Inside #
625:  #2 in it. #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 # And pack it good and then you put a cap on the the a cap on it and you had to put the {X} take it and shoot it. And uh I've I've I've done that, load that a many times.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 # And uh we had one in that double barrel. {X} then uh I'd guess he'd gone on to some {D: bunch of stuffed up} {D: Put in in the ground and} and then he'd load it and he'd didn't know it and when shot it, it busted just about that far from the end you know? Because it stopped up the dirt.
Interviewer:  Uh-oh. {NW} It busted huh?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Um well what'd you call, what do you call the stuff you use now? That now they use in a shotgun they might put
625:  Uh they use shells now.
Interviewer:  Okay. But in a in a uh in a in a maybe a a rifle you'd use
625:  Bullet.
Interviewer:  Bullets or did you ever have a na- another name for 'em? Did you ever call 'em uh well what would you put in a revolver?
625:  Cartridge
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay. Um can you tell me about some of the games I mean some of the things you used to have to play with when you where a young kid. Uh
625:  Well we played ball, we played marbles.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Uh I don't know, we'd play games at school, all kinda games.
Interviewer:  Um did you ever have a plank maybe that was laid over a trestle at school?
625:  Well we'd cut down a tree {X} I'd cut down trees and cut the {D: top uh} around the top. And and maybe a straight tree, long tree and try to balance and {D: grab a hold of} {D: violet} in the center
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And maybe with a little curve in it and drill a hole in the stock and put a {D: book} in that {D: paying and} we'd ride that thing, push it around you know?
Interviewer:  Oh
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 What'd you ca- #
625:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
625:  We call them uh s- uh uh s- s- uh uh ridey-horses. Uh or uh sea- {D: seashores.} And uh
Interviewer:  They went around?
625:  Went round and round as long as somebody push it you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And then uh then they'd get on and and somebody else would change around and push around.
Interviewer:  You call that a ridey-horse?
625:  Yeah. And uh then we'd sometime we'd just {D: threw that one who'd} get on there and just ride up and down on it you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 and what'd # what'd you call that?
625:  Well we'd just uh call it uh a just balance up and down and and then we'd we two would just slide one foot one way and finally we'd swing another one {X} I two at a time you know? That's
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  two.
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it a seesaw or a
625:  Yeah we'd call it seesaw or riding horse {X}
Interviewer:  Ridey-horse okay. Um Mr Moran, did you ever have a board say that was fixed on both ends, it was a loose limber board, you'd get in the middle and jump up and down on it? You ever see one of those?
625:  No I don't think so
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright um now you say about when you're talking about going around on that thing or or uh jumping u- or going like this on it you'd say you were doing what? You have a word for it?
625:  Yeah. {D: Well never see it} now the up and down you go just uh
Interviewer:  Yeah. You were teeter-tottering or swinging
625:  Something like that you know I don't know {X} just what we did call it {D: I believe} we'd uh sometimes somebody'd say that {X} {D: wagon horse.} sw- swa- swing or it it called different things you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um did you have a name for the things that were that were you know, you'd tie over a tree limb and get in 'em and they'd go like this?
625:  Oh yeah. We had them. {NW} {D: child would} roll 'em over {D: and} swing we'd call that a just call that a swing you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And some of them were maybe twenty to thirty feet long you know? Some people'd climb up on a big old limb and tie them thing and go so far that they that thing would go {D: glance} swing back down you know?
Interviewer:  {NW} Um uh Mr Moran what would you call, what would you use to carry coal in? What was it you use to carry coal in?
625:  I- in the in sacks burlap sack.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um did did you have something you'd bring it in from the pile maybe in? Uh if you had a coal pile when you bring it in in a
625:  Oh in we usually had a a bucket or something to bring it in you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  A regular bucket {X} call it a coal bucket, you'd carry it in from the you'd take coal and things you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what was it that runs from the stovepipe to the chimney you were telling me? What do you call that? It runs from the stovepipe up to the chimney.
625:  Uh It'd be a flue it's be they'd call that.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Okay. Well um what's the difference between this flue and the stovepipe?
625:  Well the flue went up the stovepipe goes through you know?
Interviewer:  I see. Okay. And uh so this runs from the stove to the chimney?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  What what'd you call that? You call it the stovepipe?
625:  Yeah. Yeah. Yeah the stovepipe and then you got elbow if you go in the to the chimney you see? But most of uh mansion mansion people were the only ones who that's uh chimney. Now there's some of 'em did {X} go all the way through the ground on up and then they'd run uh four or five {X} the smoke would go on up you see?
Interviewer:  I see. And uh they'd put a elbow in it and run through there. And uh and uh then s- some of 'em would would put in through the window. They'd put a piece of tin around cut it fit the stovepipe through the window and put basing outside and run the stovepipe through the window you see?
625:  Okay.
Interviewer:  And it worked good. And then they'd put a elbow and run it up, put a cap on the top of it you see? Okay. Um let's see, can you drive a a one of the things now uh C- can you drive a car?
625:  Yeah. I can drive a car.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um uh if something is squeaking in the car, you gotta lubricate it, you take it in and you'd say they you want it you ask 'em to do what? You ask them to
625:  Ask them to check the car and see what's causing it.
Interviewer:  Yeah but s- specifically if you knew what it was you'd ask 'em to do what? Grease it? W-
625:  Oh yeah I'd I'd uh uh I- I'd tell 'em I want a have it greased, lubricated or can change the oil too you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  I usually do that sometime uh change the before I do hardly ever {X} never let never let it. Always have 'em so often I have 'em change the oil and grease such you see?
Interviewer:  If grease got all over your hands you'd say they were
625:  Gr- greasy.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now toothpaste comes in a what? Toothpaste? It comes in a
625:  Tube.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um if you said if you said you were going to put a boat in the water you were going to what were you going to do to that boat? You'd just
625:  Well if we do what?
Interviewer:  If you had just made a boat you were going to put it in the water you'd say you were gonna do what to it?
625:  Uh you know usually these big boats they put 'em in there and usually they push 'em and ca-
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  Yeah and you'd call it uh what would you say about the boat, you were
625:  {D: I} Uh they'll baptize it I'm guessing. I don't know
Interviewer:  #1 No non #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  I wasn't talking about that I just I was just saying uh if you you know just the process of putting say maybe a boat in the water. Any sort of boat, you know not a big boat. You'd say you were uh launching it? Did you ever say that?
625:  Oh yeah well yeah launching boats yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {D: We have them} {D: see that now} {D: think about it}
Interviewer:  Okay. Can you tell me the kind of boats you'd have? What what would you call a boat you go fishing in a small lake?
625:  Well call it a s- a s- a s- a skip most of 'em they'd call
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah #
625:  #2 them # skips.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Yeah but what in na- where those the ones that had really uh flat bottoms? What would you call those? You know the little boats kinda squared off with a real flat bottom you'd get in? You call that a skip?
625:  What they usually do here they then they put it out and put water in it you know they
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  {D: Yeah.} They put it a well {X} weren't supposed to use {X} {X} you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah the- these were made out of wood.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Cypress. {X}
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it a pirogue?
625:  We ah uh I seen pirogues yeah.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I've rowed 'em once or twice but {X}
Interviewer:  Uh what are they called, what are they what's the difference between them and a
625:  A pirogue is a little old round thing and the the you move each of the things out of it turn over you know?
Interviewer:  Oh is that so? It's smaller than a flat-bottom boat?
625:  Oh yeah it is almost round. {D: Pirogue.}
Interviewer:  Huh. Was it was it usually was it a hollowed out log or?
625:  No uh well uh I think uh they have uh have been made some outta hollow logs. And uh I remember going on the creek to find the some {D: but} trees there about run all the way put 'em in the water and and get on 'em and and ride 'em.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  But they're {D: one} piece you know they'd there {D: they'd hold a sap for me and they get a} {D: big hull a lapped top of wood burn the inside} you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh {NW} you couldn't use it for we just built it for and run it down the creek the creek was high you know?
Interviewer:  I see. Um
625:  What in the world {NW} you gonna do with all that?
Interviewer:  I just want to ask you questions about you know what you call these things. Uh. What would you put on when you go out in the wintertime?
625:  I'd put heavy under-clothes and wool clothes.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Suit and and usually wear a overcoat.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh um sometimes between your coat and your shirt though you'd wear a what?
625:  I'd wear a flannel shirts.
Interviewer:  Okay but did you have maybe when you're wearing a suit
625:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  You had a three-piece suit, what w-
625:  {D: the}
Interviewer:  What were the three pieces of a suit?
625:  Well {NW} well there's but that's been a long time since they uh {X} you don't have no vests on over it.
Interviewer:  B- tho- those are coming back in now.
625:  I noticed that with some of the fellas recently I noticed that.
Interviewer:  {NW}
625:  Yeah. I have met I used to uh have a vest that's been a long long time ago.
Interviewer:  Okay you wear the vest and you'd also have something to go over the vest, you'd call that the That would be the #1 what? #
625:  #2 The # coat.
Interviewer:  And then you'd have
625:  Pants.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Trousers.
Interviewer:  Trousers.
625:  {D: Trousers} #1 {D: they call 'em} #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
625:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 # Okay. Um if you said that you'd got to {D: in my coat} won't fit me this you say this coat won't fit me this year but last year it perfectly
625:  It perfectly fit.
Interviewer:  Fit
625:  #1 Yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 me? #
625:  but it's
Interviewer:  Okay. So this year it doesn't um if you go outdoors without your coat without your coat somebody might run out and say uh um somebody might bring you your coat, you'd say here and he'd run out and say here I brought you I what I
625:  I brought your coat {X} {D: out there.}
Interviewer:  Okay. {D: Okay} Okay. Um if your old clothes wore out you'd have to buy if your old suit wore out you'd have to buy a
625:  A new suit.
Interviewer:  Okay. And if you stuff a lot of po- things in your pocket it makes 'em
625:  Bulge out.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now did you ever wear um things on the farm or that were that that were that came all the way up and had you know had built in suspenders on?
625:  Oh yeah I wo- I wore suspenders.
Interviewer:  You wore
625:  #1 wore #
Interviewer:  #2 su- # suspenders?
625:  I wore I wore one I bought one overall in my life {X}
Interviewer:  {NW}
625:  One overall.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  I'd wear it when I'd uh work around the house garden and things like that.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  That's the only one of it {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um if you put maybe a sweater in hot water what would it do to the sweater?
625:  If it's wool it'll draw it out.
Interviewer:  Draw it up?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. You'd say um you'd say uh this shirt isn't uh you'd say the the sweater I washed yesterday
625:  Drawed up {X}
Interviewer:  Draw it up okay. Um what would you hold over you when it rained?
625:  An umbrella.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh a woman would wear around her wai- uh around her wrist she'd wear maybe a
625:  A wristwatch or a
Interviewer:  Yeah but if it was just for decoration?
625:  She'd just wear a a wristband or {D: whatever} {NW} rou- around it you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Did you ever call it a bracelet?
625:  Bracelet something
Interviewer:  Okay. And what would she use to carry her things in her you know her coins in when she was going somewhere?
625:  {X} you have a a purse or {D: you carry all of them}
Interviewer:  Okay. Mr Moran when a girl uh was going out to a party or going out somewhere you'd say something about her maybe wanting to look good or something like that what would you say she would do?
625:  how's that?
Interviewer:  Um If a girl had to go out to a party or she wanted to put on some good clothes what would you say she was doing?
625:  Well she's dressing up she's dressed up.
Interviewer:  Dressed up. Okay. Alright.
625:  {NW} And I'll tell you {X} you're not making it testing me for the government there see what the first {D: girl no} {NW}
Interviewer:  I wouldn't be asking you these questions if I was.
625:  {NW}
Interviewer:  I just ask you you know I just you know asking about things.
625:  Uh
Interviewer:  {D: You know kinda} Um now what was the last thing you put on a bed?
625:  Well you see you put it on a bed it'd be a a a quilt.
Interviewer:  Quilt? Uh-huh.
625:  Or or blanket now I use a I use a blanket blanket cuz on the uh {D: steel for the} blanket or it's spread over.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um well and you lie your head on what?
625:  Pillow.
Interviewer:  Did you ever have a long pillow that used to go all the way across the bed?
625:  Yes. {NW} my mother used to have something like that you know.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Did you have a name for it?
625:  Well it's been so long I don't know but I I bet she did but but I know it was uh mighty handy you you you had it it was as long as the pillow {X} bed was they didn't have no trouble to find a pillow.
Interviewer:  Yeah it just went it started on one end of the bed and went
625:  All the way across. Yeah.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  {D; Did you yeah} did you ever call it a bolster? Or
625:  And I I wouldn't remember but I I it it's been so long and my
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  If we got bigger then she'd be in the make pillows out of uh goose feather she'd pick 'em you know and uh scald 'em and then uh she made the pillows {X}
Interviewer:  Goose feathers?
625:  Yeah. She even had a a a a bed that was all made out of uh goose feathers. Pick 'em two or three times a year.
Interviewer:  Hmm.
625:  {D: Unfortunate.}
Interviewer:  Um what would you call you know maybe a makeshift bed on the floor that kids'd sleep on?
625:  Oh it they'd call that a pallet. I used to like to sleep on it when I was a kid that's what is {X} they'd lay down there, boy I could sleep better than I could in a bed {D: at night}
Interviewer:  That's why you grew so tall and straight?
625:  Maybe so.
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
625:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  How tall are you Mr Moran?
625:  Uh I think I'm about six-foot-one.
Interviewer:  You a tall man, I bet you were considered tall for your day.
625:  {NW} Yeah.
Interviewer:  Because I mean you know now I'm six-foot-seven.
625:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  But and I'm considered tall for my day but back in your day there weren't that many people taller than you.
625:  No. {D: No the} had a few or some of the {D: Bill} not too many, I went to school {D: Santa's Lodge} there's a a fella there and he was seven-foot-six I believe.
Interviewer:  #1 Seven-foot-six? #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 # He was all around athletic. everywhere he run he won and he was run and doing his
Interviewer:  Where was he from? Africa?
625:  No he I {D: knew knew uh} he was uh six-foot-seven, I said seven-foot-six.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 No # I had it backward. Six-foot-seven he was.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Yeah. That's pretty tall. I got a nephew a grandson {D: okay} he's six-foot-four there. May he just finished four-year college {X} got a scholarship from high school and then went to college four year play uh uh basketball.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  He got two more years to go you know, he wants to be a veterinarian.
Interviewer:  Um well uh could you tell me about uh all the can you tell me something about the geography of the area? You know what about the land and stuff like that.
625:  Well uh how you mean in the change uh {D: really} change it around here.
Interviewer:  No I I just wanna uh ask you some stuff about you know how the land uh what would you call parts of the land and and uh you know you'd have a name for a certain part of the land and then another part of the land depending on you know what was on the land or its elevation or or you know was there water standing in or things like that. Can you tell me about stuff like that?
625:  Well we have what they call here a rural land and and uh hill there
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And uh some things just uh we have uh places yellow and high where it's rigid a little bit and it's sandy, and when it rain it washes uh out you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And some and some places where it's uh low land and there's uh different soil uh where it not so sandy and won't wash away so bad and the they wash away a little not enough to hurt.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And it's it's good farming land as long as it's not too wet and when it dries it'll stand there and do uh stand more dry water than where it's sandy {X} black loam land they call it.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And uh this heavy uh it's hill and land and here it's sandy it washes back. It it does good and sometime you have uh if it washes too much you have to work it several time before you rub back the soil you see?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Several years.
Interviewer:  Okay you'd say land that was good land you'd say it was yeah
625:  It your land is not {X} too flat to it's it's just a little a little rolling to it. You know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {D: Never spot} green uh you find whether farm land. And if uh it's slope if that slope there little uh what is where it's it's hilly and uh uh ups and down the hill. I- it makes it bad to farm.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um w- what would you call that land, that low-lying grassland, did you have a name for it? Where you couldn't maybe raise anything?
625:  Uh they call that a f- a flat flat yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay um
625:  Yea- Cu- and and you can't absolute can't raise nothing in there. A place like that.
Interviewer:  Cuz it was it wha- what would it have in it?
625:  It it just uh uh uh there's there's no uh there's no soil in it at all {X} I don't know what it is it just a
Interviewer:  #1 Sand {D: dune} #
625:  #2 {X} # Not even sand, there wasn't no sand there's in it there there there's nothing there that grow anything, the people tried it you know?
Interviewer:  It's not uh not fertile?
625:  Not fertile. There was nothing fertile in it no. {D: And if you} put fertile in it it's got no foundation, it'd go right through {D: they want it} {X} It it wash out and seep in it does you know?
Interviewer:  I see.
625:  {D: Yea} there's no there's no uh subsoil on it to hold uh the the soil and the fertilizer you see?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what what did you call the uh what would you call a place that had water standing in it all the time? Maybe you know a place that just had water in it all the time?
625:  Uh you'd call that some of 'em a pond and some of 'em a spring {X} water comes out of a spring and then
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {X} # that's another place that uh #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah but this # this was maybe where it would rain and it would flood this area?
625:  Uh
Interviewer:  And uh you know they'd have grass and all sorts of stuff growing there but it it'd just be flooded all the time, what would you call that? Did you ever have a name for it?
625:  Well uh yeah we have somebody call it a branch you know? Something like that you know {D: a hollow}
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  But branches you know? Some some places.
Interviewer:  Alright. Um
625:  And you have place where they grow {X} they grow a lot of timber {D: and stuff} look like a hardwood and say you'd call it {X} you'd clean that up it's good farm land. {D: that's what it is} Good {D: barn up} there you see?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now can you tell me places about tell me about the places where water would flow. All the different names you'd have for the places where water would flow.
625:  Well there's uh uh uh creeks is one place they have {D: these days} creek and then these branches. And uh {D: slow pace} between the hill hills they have places uh run from one place to another and uh
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Mostly they have little what they call branches li- like {D: snooze snooze right there}
Interviewer:  Okay. If there's been a heavy rain maybe and uh the rain has cut a channel across a road or a field
625:  That'd be a wash-out {X} {X} it it does happen sometimes when they uh they'll have people {X} {NS} {D: call it} {D: they'll call it down} to refill it and use it for the {D: carpet and things for to clean the carpet you know}
Interviewer:  Okay. What if there was a deep narrow valley that was cut by one of those things, what would you call that?
625:  Well I guess they'd call that a a a a wash-out you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Or um what about what about {D: shallow arm of} the sea? Where uh the water would come in and flow out and flow in with the tide? Do you have a name for that?
625:  N- No {X} tide they usually have tide, tide rolls up and down the {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {D: And well it}
Interviewer:  yeah but these were little these were little places where you know the water might flow in and flow out again. Did you ever have a name for those?
625:  Uh no not that I know of I know they'll come up the water come up and fill in in some of these spots around there and then they'd go down there {D: hold at it} {X} mud hole I guess it {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what a- what about did you have any names for any different types of soil Mr Moran? Like I know you know in your in your days of uh of uh surveying lumber and things like that you must have taken a look at the types of soil you had.
625:  Oh yes well they had uh what they call uh {NW} uh sandy soil and heavy uh {D: loose} soil.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Black black soil you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X} this soil here uh you got out there uh when it dry the places it's right around here this place here you go out there it's it's {D: petty moisture}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  It's heavier {D: the new soil} will hold moisture {D: longer} {X} It's sandy soil uh on there {X} in Hancock County it was uh {NW} sandy soil it was some of the best soil in the country. But when it got too dry it it it it's bad on the anything you planted you see.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  It was wo- worst when the with the years when it get too dry.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh what would you call a little um narrow rise in the la- a little rise in the land? Did you have a name for that? Maybe a little place where the uh where land would kinda come up if there wasn't lowland you say the land was
625:  Uh uh it was uh highland or uh little ridge uh.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Ridge you know? Or hill they call it, some of 'em call a little hill a ridge.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now if you wanted to get water off a marsh you would you'd say they were, if they were getting water off the march you'd say they was doing what to the marsh?
625:  They was uh drained it.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 # They had gullies here places.
Interviewer:  And what what would you call the things that you dug to to do that?
625:  Well you'd dig ditches {C: tape distorts} {X} go out there with a machine and uh {C: tape distorts} {X} 'em. {C: tape distorts} And uh drag drag {C: tape distorts} {D: down in big holes} {C: tape distorts} They done that all over the coast yonder {C: tape distorts} around the big and {C: tape distorts} {D: rough} {C: tape distorts} {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. {C: tape distorts} Did you have a name Mr Moran for something that was higher {C: tape distorts}
Interviewer:  Uh what would you call mr Moran a something that is larger than a hill? Something higher than a hill?
625:  Uh well I I guess a a a mountain would be one thing.
Interviewer:  Okay. And if you came to the edge of a mountain and it and it drops off real sharply you know and there was a big long drop what would you call that it's rocky and everything?
625:  Well uh I guess you'd call it a a steep steep {D: hallway} no steep s- slope {D: down} Very steep uh {X} place where you couldn't hardly c- climb up you know it's too call it very steep place mountain is steep you know? There's some place on one side that'd be steep the other place they'd be side may be level you see?
Interviewer:  Uh up in the mountains if you found a road that went through a low place between the mountains would you have a name for that? Or you could al- this would also be the name of a maybe a a deep hollow you cut out of a piece of wood.
625:  Well u- usually they call that between two hill like that a valley you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  A valley goes through, between two mountains.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um well if it okay if it was kind of winding around
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. What would you call a place where boats stopped and were unloaded?
625:  Uh dock.
Interviewer:  And what would you call a place where a large amount of water would fall over? A long distance.
625:  Uh well a waterfall.
Interviewer:  Um now can you tell me about the types of roads you had? What would you call a a hard white paved road?
625:  Well at at one time of course you know they had nothing but a wagon trail. Then after that we had they built push out the stump then some of 'em would cut 'em out and and grate it up and uh put put gravel over it, that's all that and a good road. And later on they'd come along and uh and uh built better roads that uh {D: travel} tear up those roads and get the rest of the stump that didn't get out there before you know? They'd dig 'em up with a big machine
Aux:  Is Donald here?
625:  What?
Aux:  {X} Is she over here?
625:  No ain't nobody here.
Aux:  I'm gonna get my pictures while I'm here.
Interviewer:  Okay well go ahead you were you were talking about roads.
625:  Yeah. And uh the- then they at later then they come along and they'd they'd tear up this ground and built it up make sure that uh the big old soft place in it. They'd tear they'd uh {X} uh start a little bit harsher then he glide down and plow it and tear it up get all the root and everything out and then they'd uh uh uh build uh the gravel road and they lay it on, they'd come and they finally come and then uh and then wind these road and do the same thing that they'd put uh uh gravel on it and let it set good and then they'd come back maybe a year after and put blacktop on it but and uh some {X} later after putting there they'd put some {D: finer} gravel in it uh call it oh maybe ten months a year after there they'd uh put a little tin {D: put a car on it} uh tar on it and put some uh fine pea gravel over it you know and they they'd call that uh uh uh when they sh- finishing touch to it you know? And then they'd seal it, they'd seal the wo- the dirt the water wouldn't go through it there the tar you see?
Interviewer:  Um what would you call a little road that goes off of the main road? Say maybe a road that went off the main road somewhere.
625:  Well they'd call that a little little c- country road you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um suppose you went to a man's farm or his house and you got off of a public road and came to the turnoff going down to his house or it was on that man's land, what would you call that road?
625:  Well {D: it} you'd call it a some of it would be a private road for his house, a a community road you know? Maybe past two or three houses and get to his house.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um uh what would you what's what what is it on the side of the street that people walk on in towns? Do you have a name for that?
625:  Well they have a maybe a cement walkway you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  That's special for people to walk on.
Interviewer:  Okay. And did you have a little name for the wha- I mean did you know what did you ever see a strip of grass between the between the sidewalk and the the cement walk and the road? What'd you call that? Did you ever have a name for that?
625:  Well uh if it was uh black uh if it was a cement a blacktop road there usually wasn't nothing growing in there to grow the the the road'd be {X} kept the grass from growing in the ditch you see? And that uh then they usually pull that every year the sand and then they pick it up they'll pull the ditch a little even with the up to the gravel and then they'll have a scoop and come and pick that up you see?
Interviewer:  Um if you were walking down the road and a dog jumped out at you but you didn't have a stick or anything like that what would you do?
625:  Well I
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
625:  #2 tell ya # I I wouldn't run from it I'd I'd charge him I'd I'd get after him. I'd I'd get right {D: down} fighting I'd take my hat a- and and uh run ou- run him and run him out out the way or {D: shake them} I have went in every yard in Hancock County and part of Harrison County there {X} and Hancock County from three to five six different times and I never stop at the gate, I'd {X} a dog uh one went to one place one guy told me he wouldn't go in the house for nothing in the world, that yard and the dog was sitting on the there was nobody there. {D: he} wanted to go there and put them things {X} cuz I'll go in there I went in there and I opened the gate that dog was sitting on that porch and I told him get out there, you go back in the back go it get out get away from here, he went on the {D: magnum} {X} and he I never did see him no more, I never stopped at the gates for a dog in my life. I neve- a dog know just as well as you do when you're scared of him.
Interviewer:  Would you might pick up a rock and you'd
625:  No I never picked up nothing I just get out, get after him and get I said get away you Then he he maybe there was a act straight up and he'd get away from that too. {NW} He never did now some people won't go in the yard for nothing in the world but I had done that a many times.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if but if you wanted to scare off a bird or something like that a bird from a tree you might pick up a rock and what would and you would do what?
625:  Oh yeah you'd {D: thr-} throw it at him and and naturally that'll run him off.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um if you went to someone's house and uh and they weren't there or you went to someone one's house and he isn't there if someone came to the door of the house they'd say no he's he
625:  He's not home?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um or if they let you in the house and you were in the front room say the living room and they were the and sh- they were in the back maybe it in the kitchen they would say to you she's
625:  She's uh she's in the kitchen come on come on back in the in the back she's in the kitchen.
Interviewer:  Um now talking about putting milk in coffee some people like like coffee
625:  They call it they like th- black without sugar in it some of 'em would take sugar. Coffee with sugar. Some of 'em would take coffee with cream and sugar.
Interviewer:  Okay. Some of it li- some people like it with and other people like it
625:  You mean coffee?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Some people like it with milk or sugar
625:  #1 Oh yes some #
Interviewer:  #2 some people li- #
625:  people like it with milk
Interviewer:  And others like it
625:  With s- with sugar and milk. And some people liked it without sugar.
Interviewer:  O-
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 -kay #
625:  or mil- or milk either one.
Interviewer:  Okay. If someone is not going away from you they're coming
625:  Coming to me.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Or coming tow-
625:  Towards us.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Um if you hadn't seen someone in a long time and uh you uh you met him in town, instead of saying you met him you'd say I ran in town I ran
625:  I ran ac- across a friend of mine.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh if a child is given the same name as her mother you would say that they named the child
625:  After his mother.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now uh if you were gonna call your dog to attack another dog what would you say to it? Do you have a word?
625:  Yeah I'd call him by name, I'd say come here c- come here followed by whatever I call him I said come here and I'd say and then he'd come uh he I say get him, I'd put him right in and say get him, {D: get him} I mean he he take action too.
Interviewer:  Did you ever have a name for a mixed-breed dog?
625:  Uh well uh I guess I have.
Interviewer:  You know a worthless kind of dog or one that was kinda offspring of two different dogs?
625:  Yeah. I had one offspring with two uh had a little puppy about two weeks old and my oldest grandson dropped it and it fell on his head and and uh {X} that that his head swole a little bit. And I told him he'd busted he'd just learn to talk I said and everybody was was trying to pick him up and telling me leave that poor boy you'll hurt him then And that dog's name stayed Bobo, we called him Bobo. And then he had a we had offspring from him two of 'em and everybody then they called him Bobo from different dogs you know? They was three different dogs went by that name.
Interviewer:  So so uh you might call it a dog a worthless dog or a dog that you just found or something that was wandering around you'd call them a what? A mongrel or a bobo?
625:  No no uh uh uh we'd call them a stray dog you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  This is one I raised I mean I some I'd raise, I had another one {D: them} I'd call him Ned and at night he'd wake me up if possums come round there and he he he wake me up so I could I'd go out there and he he never attacked 'em when I got out there, when I'd get that I'd say get him Ned. He'd never stop me kill that possum too, he'd get to where he'd kill 'em.
Interviewer:  If uh if a dog was fierce and always like to bit peo- bite people would you say if a boy came up to him and you'd say the boy was
625:  Bit by the dog?
Interviewer:  Yeah or you say he got
625:  He got scared of the dog.
Interviewer:  Yeah okay. Um now in a herd of cattle what would you call the male?
625:  Well uh that is uh {X} the room we used to work in we'd have a a a a bull and had oxen then they would castrate it a- and and uh {X} and feed 'em they call 'em steer steer you see.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Then uh uh uh one they'd keep a male they'd keep for breeding they call him a bull. And the one of course that they they usually I know a lot of people up there now will keep the steer 'til about a year old and they'll castrate him and they call them steers then they feed 'em good and then they sell 'em to the butcher you see? Um did you ever have another name for a for a for a bull around a woman, you'd call 'em around a woman? You ever have a polite name you'd use around woman women? For a for a bull or do y'all just always call them a bull? Well uh some some of 'em would ca- call 'em a a male y- ya know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Now uh a little one when it's first born is called a
625:  A a calf.
Interviewer:  Um now riding animals are called
625:  Well horses mostly what they'll
Interviewer:  #1 Okay and #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  a female is called a
625:  A mare.
Interviewer:  Alright. And a male is called a
625:  A horse. If he's uh castrated if he's kept a horse well maybe he's called you call a stallion or a stable horse you call 'em.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um If a little child uh well uh now the things that you put on horses' shoes on horses' feet to protect 'em would be called their Used to hammer 'em in?
625:  Uh they call them they call them horse shoes.
Interviewer:  Okay. And what part of the feet would you put them on?
625:  They'd put 'em on their and drive a nail sideways so it come on the edge of their hoof there there'd be no feeling in it you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. And you call the things they put them on you call their
625:  Sh- shoe and the the other was a {D: regular uh} nail they put on and
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {D: you know?} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  I I'm talking about the the part of the horse's foot, you called it the horse's
625:  Oh hoof. Hoof yeah.
Interviewer:  Alright. Um did you what was the game you used to play with those things pitching 'em?
625:  Well it uh they'd have sticks so far apart and they'd they'd uh they'd they'd throw them uh call it game of pitching horseshoe you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Okay #
625:  #2 and the # one uh the one'd ring it uh cl- uh hit the closest to it would win a point you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. If a little child went to bed in the morning and woke up on the floor he'd say well I guess I must've fell
625:  Fell off the bed and went to sleep on the floor.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what do you call the male sheep?
625:  Call them a ram.
Interviewer:  And the female sheep.
625:  A ewe.
Interviewer:  And what do they have on their backs?
625:  Wool.
Interviewer:  And the male hog?
625:  Call them a boar.
Interviewer:  Okay and what about a hog that's been castrated?
625:  A a a barrow
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now a little little one when it's first born you call a
625:  A pig. Baby pig.
Interviewer:  And uh did you have a name for wild one of the wild hog that'd been uh that had grown up wild, a hog that had just been out in the woods?
625:  Well you you call 'em a a wild hog you know a
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Well that's the only {X} uh down to where they all just come and be a hog too you know? They would
Interviewer:  Um what was the stiff stuff a hogs had on their back?
625:  Well it was a {D: pear} It's {X} back when they'd get mad or something like that them things would be too too two two or three inches long some of 'em you know, they they'd splay 'em right straight up you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah they was stiff-haired they called 'em what? Did they have a name for 'em?
625:  Well uh if they did I don't remember
Interviewer:  #1 call 'em #
625:  #2 but #
Interviewer:  bristles?
625:  Bristles. {X} Well uh I guess they call 'em that too, bristles but they {X} mostly.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what about the big teeth a hog has?
625:  #1 We call them #
Interviewer:  #2 What'd you call #
625:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
625:  tushes.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh now the thi- the thing you put the feed for the hogs in you call that a say those were called
625:  Well some of 'em w- uh uh troughs. Troughs you'd put the feed in you see?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what about the noise a cat would make when it was being weened? You'd say the cat began to
625:  Began to {D: low} {D: low} you know? {D: It sound the cat mighty low like a} momma there. That's where you
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  where you start you know?
Interviewer:  Well did you have a different name like you might a cow might uh you'd say a a noise made by a cow during feeding time you'd say it began to began to low?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Well did the did the cat maybe make a different noise?
625:  Well yeah he made a just a uh kinda s- solid dry or {D: noise it light} mighty noise you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. What would you say it began to to bawl or? Or did you have another word for it?
625:  No it was just like a no like a child it's like when you cry the want to he want to low but he could just make one noise you know? One {D: I've seen} {X} had something like that you can hear it you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what about the gentle noise a horse would make during feeding time you'd say the horse began to you know he'd go {NW}
625:  {D: Dodo} w- whicker.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Yeah whicker.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if you got a bunch of hungry animals you're going out to feed did you ever have a word for 'em, you'd call all of 'em saying you going out to feed the
625:  Well uh uh uh I guess you'd call it g- going out to feed the stock you know
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {NW} # had more than one to feed.
Interviewer:  Now if you're gonna feed all the feathered animals all the all the turkeys, geese, and chickens you'd can call them the
625:  Poultry.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um a hen did you ever have a name for a hen on a nest of eggs?
625:  Oh yeah the the uh s- s- {D: satin} setting it'd be setting.
Interviewer:  Uh what about the place where they live?
625:  Well they have a chicken house and a rooster {X}
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {D: Picked to cause} when they'd roost, they roost {X}
Interviewer:  Alright. When you eat when you eat a chicken did you ever have a little bone {D: that you} two kids grab a hold of and try to pull apart?
625:  Oh yeah call that the wishbone.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um What about the inside parts of the chicken you'd eat? Did you what'd you have a name did you have a name for those?
625:  Yeah you you you'd eat the the gizzard and the liver. About all that you'd eat inside.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Um did you ever have a part you'd stuff sausage with?
625:  Oh yeah
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 # Get get uh uh entrails from hogs wash 'em out turn 'em uh turn 'em uh inside-out. Scrape 'em good and then scald 'em and then uh wash 'em good and put 'em in there and then later on you you you they got to now like now you can buy those things.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  You don't have to do that. But at one time they didn't have them, you had to make 'em yourself.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now when it's time to feed the stock and do the chores you say it's when it was time, when there was time of day you had to feed the stock and do the chores you'd
625:  #1 {D: Oh yeah} #
Interviewer:  #2 say it # was
625:  Lunch time and s- some people uh always say it's t- time to feed up and some of us down there say it's time to go do the chores you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now did you ever have a call to cows
625:  A
Interviewer:  you'd get in from the pasture?
625:  Oh yeah I had {D: yeah}
Interviewer:  Cou- could you do it for me?
625:  {NW} I don't know if I can do it or not. Uh I used to I'd get out there I'd say {NW} {NW} {NW} {NW} and you could see 'em running.
Interviewer:  {NW}
625:  In fact I had a bunch in the woods {D: and called it creek} I'd go there with a sack of corn and throw it a couple after a while they'd follow me home just like the {D: butcher} dogs would those chicken and I'd bring 'em home like that.
Interviewer:  Okay. Did you have one when you were calling a calf? Maybe a different one?
625:  Yeah sometime we had some if we had a calf, especially if we had a cow about that time there they'd c- call 'em they'd come up to you you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  They knew it was about time.
Interviewer:  Did you do the same same sound?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
625:  #2 about something like that. # something the same
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  Now um you told me you said gee and haw to a to a horse or a mule to make 'em turn one way or the other. What about a horse when you're calling a horse to get 'em in from the pasture? What would you call to 'em? Do you have a word you'd call to 'em?
625:  Yeah I'd call 'em I'd say {NW} come on then I'd call 'em by name you know and they'd and they'd come out.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh What would you say to a horse to urge him on?
625:  I'd say get out. {D: And uh} {X} go right up to him.
Interviewer:  Okay and to stop 'em you'd say
625:  Whoa.
Interviewer:  And now what would you use to to call a hog if you're feeding them? What noise? What sound?
625:  I don't know if I can do that. {X} Sounds like uh calling a {D: cows uh} {NW} {NW} {NW} {NW} {NW} only louder you know?
Interviewer:  Um how'd you get your sheep in from the pasture?
625:  Well uh sheep we something we'd yell at when I had a sheep I I'd we'd pen him up, we'd pen him up with the horses something we had sheep are fairly hard to pin up. And um we we pin 'em up with the horses. and and when we fed 'em first mark the lamb then a little later we'd {D: pan 'em to} uh sheer it, cut the wool off of 'em you know? And {D: nearly} there's someone {D: barge in it's still working} you know? Sometimes there's something {D: going at the} something's trying to march over there. Sheer them you see?
Interviewer:  Did you have a a a word you'd call to get 'em in from the pasture?
625:  Well t- uh {X} some people had pasture they they call {X} herd a herd a you know? Herd {X} sheep trying to herd the sheep you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what about a call to chickens when you were feeding them?
625:  Yeah you call them they come in a hurry {D: usually uh} Because they're hungry.
Interviewer:  Yeah what sort of call would you use?
625:  Well I'd say {NW}
Interviewer:  Um if you say if you want to get the horses ready to go somewhere you'd say you wanted to what would you do with 'em?
625:  Well uh I'd I'd wanna get the horse, saddle him up or hitch him up to the wagon, one or the other.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um suppose you uh now what do you put your feet into when you're riding horseback?
625:  The stirrup.
Interviewer:  And uh if you got two horses when you're plowing the uh one that walks in the furrow on the left you'd call him the what?
625:  Well uh he'd be o- on the on the near side. Then there'd be a on the off side.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Or you'd say on the left and the right side you see?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um uh if uh if no one else will do something for a person you'd say he's got to do it
625:  He's got to do the best he can.
Interviewer:  Yeah if no one else will do something for it for him you'll say he has to do it
625:  Himself.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh if no one e- else will look out for for them they've got to look out for
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: for} #
625:  for themself.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh now if you've been traveling and you hadn't finished your journey you might say that before dark you had to go
625:  {D: Had to go on.}
Interviewer:  Yeah well if you're just going, traveling somewhere and you're on a journey you'd say you had to go
625:  Well I I'd have to go to go to the house or go to the hotel where we're staying you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. And if that was a good ways away you'd say that w- you'd have to go a
625:  A long way, be late getting home.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um if something's very common like say if somebody was gonna ask you about where to get a magnolia tree, if something was common and easy to find around here you'd say oh that's not very hard, you can find that just about
625:  A- find that a- a uh just about any place up some of those creeks over there {X}
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  They usually grow.
Interviewer:  Yeah right. Um if someone slipped on the ice say if they were on some ice or if they were on a wax floor or something like that and they slipped and fell this way you'd say they fell
625:  They fell backwards.
Interviewer:  #1 And if they #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 fell #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  the other way
625:  Fell forward.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now wha- if you were out fishing uh somebody might say to you um did you catch any fish and you'd say no
625:  {X} I didn't have any luck, didn't catch any.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  They wasn't biting {NS}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um uh if uh if a schoolboy was was speaking of a scolding teacher he'd say now why did she bother me I be speaking of his innocence or
625:  #1 Yeah I don't #
Interviewer:  #2 And he didn't do any- # thing he'd say I
625:  I don't do that, I don't do anything wrong.
Interviewer:  Okay. Or I
625:  I'm I'm uh always quiet.
Interviewer:  If he was speaking of the past though he'd say about what he what he did or didn't do he'd say I
625:  I I {C: unclear, but this may be another speaker in the room} I haven't done anything. {C: unclear, but this may be another speaker in the room}
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  If he thought that {C: unclear, but this may be another speaker in the room} {D: if he wouldn't do anything} {C: unclear, but this may be another speaker in the room}
Interviewer:  Um the crying child might say uh he was eating candy and he didn't give me
625:  Give me a a piece of it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um or he didn't give me
625:  Any of it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now if a boy is spoiled and whe- when he grows up you might say that he'll have his trouble
625:  Ahead of him. Uh he'd always have trouble.
Interviewer:  If you were speaking about the possibility of him having trouble you'd say he'll have his trouble
625:  In the future.
Interviewer:  {D: like he's not or} Okay.
625:  Well more likely to have a lotta trouble in the future.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what do you call the trenches cut by the plow?
625:  Well uh I I they call that a furrow you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um if you if you had a good year and the Lord has been plentiful to you you'd say we raised a big
625:  Big big crop. {D: yeah}
Interviewer:  Um if if you got rid of all the brushes and the trees on your land you'd say you did what?
625:  You cleared up the land {D: raised the cultivator}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what'd you call a crop that came up that that you didn't plant that year?
625:  Well that's uh a crop uh a crop of hay or grass. Sometimes uh {D: some}
Interviewer:  Or so- well the second cutting of clove or grass, what would call that? Call that a after you cut it the first time and the second one came up.
625:  Call that the that would be the second cutting of uh clover.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  And uh well what if you didn't plant this maybe? You know might like maybe uh you had something else planted in a field, this came up instead from where you planted it last year. Do you have a name for that?
625:  Well most of the time it'd come in there uh old sage grass they call it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Well maybe there was another crop like maybe you had peanuts planted in a field and you had corn coming up in the middle of it.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Where you planted corn last year, what would you call what kind of crop would you call that?
625:  Well
Interviewer:  You have a name for it?
625:  Uh no there wouldn't be much name to it, it just uh something just growed up there you know uh wild it grow you might say it grows wild, it it come up itself, a seed was, a seed was left in the ground you see.
Interviewer:  Um now wheat is tied up into what you call a what do you tie wheat up into? Do you ha-
625:  Well the- they used to cut 'em uh like rice and they'll they'd tie it in bundles and {D: leave it} to dry.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Yeah. And bundle and then they'd take it in and dry it. But now they don't do that, they thrash 'em right in the field you know and take a {X} quit doing that.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now when you're speaking of a of a bushel or of wheat or something like that or measuring how good you did in a field you'd say we raised forty to an acre. Forty
625:  For- forty forty forty-five forty-eight or maybe fifty bushels to the acre.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now uh what kinda what is made of flour and baked in loaves?
625:  Uh well i- use flour you put uh yeast in it.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And make it rise you know and then uh le- let it rise so long then the {D: let it bake}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now and th- what'd you have a name for it? The the kind of stuff you made with it?
625:  Well they call it light bread or homemade bread some of 'em
Interviewer:  #1 Alright. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  Alright and um what about uh other kinds of bread made with flour?
625:  Well they made make biscuit
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And uh some of 'em and make uh like I said it make dough and roll it and cook it in a a skillet {NW} some people'd call it hoecake, some would call it galette, fresh made you know?
Interviewer:  Galette?
625:  Galette you know? Galette.
Interviewer:  Alright. Uh now what about did you ever make anything with potato maybe? With mix some potato stuff in there?
625:  {X} used to people made a many times we'd take sweet potatoes and and had a grate grate it and then put syrup with it and put some {D: flame} in it and c- cook for the call it potato {D: foam}
Interviewer:  Potato foam?
625:  Put it in the put it in a bread pan, put it in the stove and cook it. It's some of the best thing we ever eat.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um any what about the bread you'd cook with yeast?
625:  Well at one time it they uh they had uh yeast and baking powder and uh plain flour, you had to put it you can get it now and you had to put that baking powder in there, they'd call that yeast. But then they'd mix the yeast, what they call yeast to make uh they'd save it. Uh some of it when they'd make the dough. {D: they'd} {X} fresh they'd save some of the dough when they made it mix it to a certain extent then they'd save that and dry it and use that to to put in bread when they made it again you know?
Interviewer:  Di- uh now did you what'd you make out of corn meal?
625:  Well they'd they'd grind it and and make that they'd cook what they call cornbread with it.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Alright now did you ever have now you mentioned cornbread about cornbread did you ever have any other stuff you'd make out of cornbread? Um did you ever have anything i- did you ever make anything that just had cornmeal salt and water in it?
625:  Well uh I remember {D: way back the} people use to cook a little cornmeal and and they'd uh put a little water and cook it good and put a little sugar in it, something sweet in it and and give it to the baby, they didn't have baby food like they have now you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  They call it uh cornmeal gruel.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay #
625:  #2 {X} # give that to the baby.
Interviewer:  Alright. Now we talked about the kind you cooked in ashes and the kind you cooked in a skillet you called a hoecake. Uh what about if it was small and made kind of round ball and you had onions or green peppers in it used to eat them with fish a lot, did you ever have a name for those?
625:  Yeah they call that they made out of cornbread uh made uh
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Cornmeal uh pup- they call that puppy dogs.
Interviewer:  Puppy dogs?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And you know where that puppy dog come from?
Interviewer:  Where?
625:  They used people used to make them to feed their dogs with you know?
Interviewer:  Is that so?
625:  And uh they'd make 'em just like the people do uh does now {D: like} and then make uh they'd go camping go hunting and make that to feed their dogs. And they finally got to where they find out they were good to eat so they'd make it and eat it themselves, that's where where they come from, they call 'em puppy dogs.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um did you ever have any that you boiled maybe in cheese cloth or in beans or greens? And uh or something with chicken that was made out of cornmeal?
625:  No I never did.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what about the type did you ever have the cornmeal you'd cook in a deep pan and you'd come out uh dish it out, you'd dish it out like mash potatoes on your plate?
625:  No. No, never
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 did that. #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  Okay. Now let's say there were two kinds of bread uh the homemade bread and the kind you buy at the store, you call that the kind you buy at the store you call
625:  Well you call that the light bread you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And of course they'd sell it we'd call some of it called light bread and uh homemade bread you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Now um did you ever have something that was fried in deep fat and had a hole in the middle of it?
625:  Oh yeah.
Interviewer:  U-
625:  That's a a a donut. And uh and then speaking of that I'll people used to roll uh flour uh make a dough with flour and take a roll it out and cut it in {D: different} cut like that and then fry it in deep fat. A- and uh then they'd uh ea- when uh cool off well they'd eat with make coffee and eat that with and that's uh that you really enjoy that, something good it, you never eat some of that you you missed a whole lot. {NW}
Interviewer:  Um what uh if you'd take a um well did you ever have any other names for it? Like maybe a long round thing that had sugar all over it? Lo- I mean a long kinda round thing or do you just call it a donut?
625:  Well i- i uh you uh people'd make that and call 'em donuts and some of 'em I I I've seen them they make a roll and and and cook and make a make these uh like these jelly cookies they cut you know
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
625:  #2 {X} # buy in the store I've seen 'em make like that.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And uh some people I've seen people take a a a regular five six loaf of bread and it's soak it good and mix it and put some uh I don't know what all they put in it and they bathe it good with cinnamon. And and roll them thing up together {D: maybe like} {D: fort} bread and and put it in a in the oven and cook it. I- it makes it make the best cinnamon rolls then you can buy {D: so there}
Interviewer:  Um what were the things you'd mix up in a batter and you may have three or four of 'em when you breakfast for breakfast sometime? maybe made outta syrup and butter. I mean you put syrup and butter.
625:  {D: right} pancakes {D: make} pancake uh
Interviewer:  Okay and it did y- were they always made outta wheat flour, did you ever make 'em out of anything else?
625:  Yeah made 'em out of grain flour and uh used uh {X} {D: buy a weekly mix} pancake mix you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um okay. You might say uh if you went to the store to buy uh some flour and you bought two pounds you'd say you bought two pounds of
625:  Uh
Interviewer:  you bought what? How many
625:  Two pounds of flour.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what do you call the inside part of the egg? There are two parts of the egg one's a white and the other one's a
625:  Uh other one is yellow. Yellow and white. Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um and what color would you say it is? You'd say it was that color?
625:  Y- i- yellow and yellow and
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  Now if you if you cook 'em in hot water what do you call 'em?
625:  Poached eggs.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh yeah but if you let 'em stay in the shells you call 'em
625:  Oh oh if they stay in the shell you boiled eggs. Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. mr Moran uh talking about hogs now um what do you call the part of the hog you might use to put greens when you eat 'em? You know you get put greens to give a little flavor?
625:  Well you can uh eat the backbone and put uh uh a little uh uh flavor it and be good you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  It'd cook cook that or co- coo- cook the bony piece you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. So that'd be part of the bone right?
625:  Yeah. Like uh if you were some people'd uh some people'd cook um a uh hog meat and the the bony piece the the I have seen 'em put 'em down in cook 'em down and put onion in it, kinda make a gravy with it you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  But then of course they'd take the other like chops and fry them.
Interviewer:  What about uh maybe the fat saucy part of the pork you put in there, what do you call that?
625:  Well uh that'd be the fat unless you'd take it out separate and boil it then make lard with it you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  So- some a lot of people used to when they'd butcher a hog they'd take all that fat off first and
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
625:  #2 you know? #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  What if it had some lean in it? You know, just kinda fat lean.
625:  Oh yeah.
Interviewer:  Uh d- to put in with some greens what would you did you have a name for it?
625:  No uh that's more than uh {D: porch I'm guessing} put it in
Interviewer:  Um
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  When you cut the the side of a hog what would you call that?
625:  Well that'd be the the the the the slab the side uh you'd make bacon outta that.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now the kind of meat yeah the kind of meat you'd you'd eat uh thin sliced thin to eat with eggs you'd call
625:  We call that bacon.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh the outside of the bacon the edge before you cut it off, what do you call that? Did you ever have a name for that?
625:  Well that uh that'd be the fat the the skin and then the fat'd it'd be the fat through the skin and the meat.
Interviewer:  Yeah well this was the sharp kinda outside part. The edge of the bacon you have to cut it off before you slice it. The rind or the you know you might call it the the rind? The skin you call it? Okay.
625:  Yeah the skin, yeah the skin that's uh
Interviewer:  Okay. Um uh now who whose the fella that kills the meat and cuts it up? What do you call him?
625:  The butcher.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if a meat's meat's been kept too long and it's spoiled you'd I mean the meat's been kept too long you'd say it's the meat's done what?
625:  It spoiled. {D: Spoil.}
Interviewer:  Okay. When you butcher a hog what'd you use to make from the head? Can you tell me about butchering a hog? What you'd use with the with the various parts of the hog?
625:  Yeah you you clean the head and and you had to know how to clean it {X} and and uh make hoghead cheese out of it. Boil it 'til you get all the all the meat off of it clean the ears, cut the inside of the ear off and d- {D: drill} that all that side and cut the solid piece off you know and them things and you done put the head and then then bottom jaw you'd take all that skin off of it. And you you make sure that the hog was scalded good cuz you don't have that {X} at all you know? And you'd clean the {X} you had to work on them to get one clean too and you and uh then you'd boil that head 'til the the the meat and the skin and all of it would come to pieces so you could run it, some people run it through a a little meat grinder and some of it is so tender you just you'd take they'd take the head and just mash it all to pieces you know? And they put onion and seasoning in that thing and then they'd uh they'd uh they usually put the feet in there too uh they clean the feet
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Take all the hoofs out there then throw that in there and that'd give it a kind of {X} a a gel gel-like and then you'd put that together and first you you'd le- let it sit over and take all that fat off you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  After and then you you'd put that in there and and uh {D: let} that's when you'd take the meat off the bone and make the put the seasoning the onion the flavoring and whatnot and then uh uh the the after like boiling them feet in there it kinda form a gel and make it a stick together {D: but} That's some of the best eating you ever you ever eaten any country-made hoghead cheese?
Interviewer:  I never have.
625:  Oh boy you better eat it one time. Y- you got you'd say it's the best thing you ever eaten.
Interviewer:  Um now what'd you do with the hog's liver?
625:  Well uh uh um we'd usually usually eat it eat it eat it slice it eat it some {X}
Interviewer:  #1 Grind it up? #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  You ever grind it up and make something out of it?
625:  No never did.
Interviewer:  Liver pudding?
625:  No some I've heard of people doing it but we never did.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um did you ever use its blood for anything?
625:  Yeah. Made what they call blood sausage with it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh Did you ever take the juice of the head cheese uh and stir it up with cornmeal?
625:  No.
Interviewer:  Maybe and make something out of that?
625:  No never did.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now uh talking about butter and stuff like that if you kept your butter too long and it didn't taste good you might say it got
625:  It got rank.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um thick sour milk that you kept around you called
625:  Sometime they'd they it it form a a uh what they call clabber.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  We used uh used to take that sometime we'd take it and just take the the {X} {X} uh weighing it they'd call it you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 You'd # take that out and take that clabber and and I'd p- put heavy cream on it and a little sugar and that's that's like it's better than this cottage cheese that you can buy now in the store.
Interviewer:  Alright. Um did you call what'd you did you have a name for it, the stuff you made out of
625:  Well we make uh call it clabber and then my mother and I've seen m- my wife did it we'd take she'd put it in a in a cream sack and hang it. Let it drip you know? Put it somewhere and let it drip. And uh then when it'd be dry. She'd uh take it out and put it and she'd put cream and and and uh sugar on it, it'd be just like this cottage cheese better than this cottage cheese here.
Interviewer:  Um what'd you do with the milk, the first thing before milking it?
625:  Before milking it?
Interviewer:  Before after you got it after milk.
625:  Oh well we made a {D: pound of butter} my wife would really to uh had the always have a thing called this {D: famous} you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now did you have a what was the dish you used to make you'd make in a in a deep dish and it was made outta apples but it didn't have a bottom layer like an apple pie would. It just had a top layer to it. Did you have a name for that? You put apples or some sort of fruit in there.
625:  Well uh the the the only thing I know {X} is that with apples is {X} call call it apple pie. Peach pie you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And some of 'em call it the uh
Interviewer:  #1 Cobbler or #
625:  #2 Bla- bla # {D: black} cobbler. {D: That's it.}
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Black cobbler. Peach cobbler and uh they they used to call 'em all together peach pie you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  I guess there's two ways to make it.
Interviewer:  Um if and what was the sweet sort of stuff you'd pour over the over uh uh a pudding or something like that? You call that a
625:  Uh well it it usually make a s- s- sauce out of it. Sugar and {D: syrup and} thing like that and and pour it over it yeah. for flavor you know?
Interviewer:  Um now food taken yeah between regular meals say you ate food between regular meals, you call that a
625:  Snack.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 Uh #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  Um if somebody had a real good appetite you'd say he sure like to put away his
625:  His food.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now let's say you say in the morning I I get up and I
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 what # what do I do? I
625:  Get up
Interviewer:  #1 break- #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  fast I get up and I
625:  Put on my clothes and I get uh I fix fix breakfast.
Interviewer:  Yeah but you you speaking about eating breakfast you say I alright in the morning I get up and I
625:  Eat breakfast.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh yesterday when I got up I had already at this time I had already
625:  Eaten breakfast.
Interviewer:  Okay. And last week I every day I I had breakfast
625:  #1 I had #
Interviewer:  #2 so I #
625:  I I I had breakfast in the morning.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  After I get up.
Interviewer:  I yeah but you speaking about eating
625:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 you # say I
625:  Eat breakfast.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what do people usually drink for breakfast?
625:  Well th- uh {D: trying to think} coffee with and uh
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  sometime milk.
Interviewer:  Okay how do you prepare coffee? You might say you
625:  Well you you boil your water and uh you have {D: somewhat} you put it in a percolator {D: at most} uh uh uh percolate it and put coffee in there and pour your hot water on it and let it drip. And then
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 uh # after it drip it's hot and it's ready to drink.
Interviewer:  Okay. You put water in a
625:  I- in a pan or re- regular uh little {X} pan for that purpose and then it come to a boil you know?
Interviewer:  Okay if you were gonna drink water you say you'd put it in a what? A {D: howdy} say you'd put you'd put it in a you'd put the water in a
625:  In a {X} but put it in a a glass.
Interviewer:  Okay. And you might say uh if y- you say somebody dropped the glass and it got
625:  It got broke.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um
625:  How mu- how much more of that stuff you got? That whole book you got to go through?
Interviewer:  Well no not all the book, we just gonna go through some more. Uh
625:  I still can't see where you where where where uh
Interviewer:  Um now if if I was asking you how much you drank you'd say
625:  I well I'd say I don't drink much.
Interviewer:  Yeah okay but you say speaking of how much you did drink you'd say I
625:  I have drank some but I
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  don't drink {D: whatsoever}
Interviewer:  Um then you'd say then you might ask me how much have you how much have you
625:  How much have you been drinking?
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh do you say we certainly do drink or what would you say, we certainly do
625:  {X} S- say did you drink uh
Interviewer:  Drink a lot okay.
625:  Drink a lot.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if dinner was beginning and the family was standing around waiting uh what do you say to 'em?
625:  {X} Come on let's eat dinner, it's ready.
Interviewer:  Yeah and you'd tell 'em to you might tell 'em to if they were standing up you might tell 'em to
625:  sit down. Come on sit down.
Interviewer:  Okay. And if you had company would you say
625:  Well if I'd say di- uh dinner's ready, come over here so we can eat dinner.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now if somebody comes into the dining room you ask him won't you please
625:  Sit down.
Interviewer:  And so then he
625:  He would he would sit down.
Interviewer:  And uh you know if everybody else uh was also down you uh probably everybody no one else was standing you'd say they had also
625:  Yeah. Well {X} let's all sit down, come on
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 sit down. #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  Um now you're passing the food around the table you'd say uh if you want someone not to wait 'til foo- until the potatoes are passed you'd say to 'em go ahead
625:  Help yourself.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh and so and so you'd say he he went ahead and he got some or he went ahead and
625:  He {D: wait his turn} he he helped himself.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um if you if you didn't want anything to eat or you didn't want something a certain thing and somebody passed it to you you'd say no thank you, I don't
625:  I don't care for any.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now mr Moran uh when food has been has been cooked and served a second time you'd say it was
625:  It was {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh you might say you put the food in your mouth and you begin to
625:  {D: to} chew it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now um uh what would you call all the {D: day} you got the meats then you got the say you got desserts or fruits and then you also had this other type of food you call you know they're peas, beans and and tomatoes and things like that you call them the
625:  Uh I guess you'd call 'em a a reg- regular {D: hoop} meal, vegetables you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh you might grow vegetables in a vegetable
625:  Garden or
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay. Um Now what's that di- did you have a southern food you know this is served mostly in the South it was the type of food you'd uh it was made outta cracked corn wha- and it was white you know you had it with breakfast usually. With eggs and bacon or something like that, you call that
625:  {X} {D: store by the} hominy.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright um did you ever have a nickname for it here in the South?
625:  I no that I tell you I say never did go to the store {X} I I never did I never did use it at all.
Interviewer:  You never did like it huh?
625:  No never have, tried it one time.
Interviewer:  Um what about a name you'd have for a for illegal whiskey? Do you have a name for that?
625:  Yeah. That was uh bootleg {D: whiskey}
Interviewer:  You called it bootleg?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Um
625:  Course they at one time there they called it white lightning.
Interviewer:  {X}
625:  {X} make it {NS} you know? {NS}
Interviewer:  Alright. Um if something's cooking, it makes a good impression on your nostrils you might say somebody just
625:  Cooking something smell good.
Interviewer:  Yeah you'd say okay. You just you'd say just
625:  {NW} that's just that s- that s- that smell oh gonna have something good to eat.
Interviewer:  Just smell that. Would you say this
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Smell that.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now if you were {D: mention} syrup and molasses the difference between the two of 'em you'd say that syrup is kinda you know syrup might be thinner but molasses s- molasses
625:  Well uh that's uh uh that's a {X} uh it's uh uh you might say there's two separate word but practically mean the same thing.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Because I've heard them call it that all my life, syrup and molasses.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh to me I don't know the difference between molasses and syrup because it's all made outta sugar cane or or uh uh some of it makes out of maple.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And they call that the- they call that syrup. So uh call it's syrup m- make outta sugar cane. Uh they call that syrup and some of 'em call it molasses most either one.
Interviewer:  Really?
625:  They do.
Interviewer:  They both mean the same thing?
625:  Well to me I don't know what makes the difference to be frank with you uh uh I uh raised molasses sugar cane and made syrup with 'em. And you'll see it on the you'll buy all uh jar of syrup on the on on uh market.
Interviewer:  Yeah. {NS}
625:  {D: Passive} they call that syrup. {C: unclear, but this may be another speaker in the room} And you call it molasses too. {C: unclear, but this may be another speaker in the room} {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. {NS} Um now if something yeah but didn't you have a, that's an imitation maple syrup. You also had the {X} you had something that was uh that was not imitation you'd say it was gen- You
625:  #1 Gen- #
Interviewer:  #2 say #
625:  Genuine maple
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 That's # supposed to be two percent uh maple and seven-and-a-half percent uh {X} syrup.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now um sugar sold retail is put up in packages but uh whole sale you said you'd say it's sold
625:  I- in uh hundred-pound bags.
Interviewer:  Yeah and you'd say about that type you'd say it was say it was sold
625:  in in sold in in places too you know i- in boxes. So many pounds, hundred-pound boxes so many.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And and uh hundred hundred pounds burlap.
Interviewer:  Okay if you were selling it by weight like say selling sugar or selling lumber by weight, you're selling anything by weight you'd say it was sold
625:  So much a pound. By the pound. Five pound, ten pound uh
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Or
Interviewer:  Did you ever say it was sold in bulk or or loose or
625:  Well it's uh {X} they used to sell it in s- and sell it loose you'd have to weigh it all but now they come all in packages in bulk you know? In five pound
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X} ten pounds.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now what would you have on the table to season food with? You'd say pass me the
625:  Well it's uh sugar is one thing.
Interviewer:  Yeah but you'd also have these two spices you could say pass me the
625:  Y- you have salt and pepper.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what would you have what do you call that sweet spread you'd make and you put on bread? It's made uh by boiling fruit. The juices of fruit say
625:  Oh yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 sugar #
625:  #2 {X} # that that's uh jelly {D Jelly.}
Interviewer:  Um now if there was some apples and the child wants uh one he s- he says
625:  I want an apple.
Interviewer:  Or he'd say he was tell- asking someone he'd say
625:  G- g- give me an apple.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now if you were looking at certain two groups of boys you'd say it wasn't these boys it was
625:  Those other boys.
Interviewer:  Okay. And if you're pointing to a tree way off yonder way off you might say it's well uh if you're pointing uh to a tree it's uh some distance from you you'd say it's
625:  How how much longer will you take today?
Interviewer:  Oh uh maybe a couple hours. We ain't got much more to do. We can get another hour done. Just a couple hours. Um
625:  Well another hour now that'll be five oh clock, that's gonna be
Interviewer:  Okay alright.
625:  Ma- make it about thirty minutes {D: to do it}
Interviewer:  Okay. Now you might say s- don't do something that a way do it
625:  Do it do it this way. Don't
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 do it that # way.
Interviewer:  Okay. If somebody was saying something and you didn't hear it you might to make him repeat it you might say
625:  What do you say uh?
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh if a man has plenty of money y- you might say he doesn't have anything to wor- to worry about but life's hard on a man
625:  That don't don't have any money.
Interviewer:  Okay. Or you'd say who has a hard life you'd say that Or poor you'd say
625:  Yeah. Uh A p- a poor man who has a hard life. #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
Interviewer:  Um if you have a lotta fruit trees you'd call those a
625:  #1 orchard. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh #
625:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
625:  #1 An orchard. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
625:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 # Yeah. You might ask somebody who owns owns it you'd say he's the man
625:  that that own the orchard.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um Uh when I was you- you'd also say when I was a boy my father was poor but next door was a boy
625:  Boy whose father whose father was well off.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um Now the inside of a cherry the part you don't eat you call the
625:  Uh the the s- the seed.
Interviewer:  Okay. And the inside of a peach. Uh the inside part of a peach you didn't eat
625:  Well that they call that a peach seed too.
Interviewer:  Okay. A peach seed?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now what about the kinda peach where the flesh is real tight to the stone, it's hard to get away from. From the stone just kinda
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
625:  That's a clean stone they call that.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And the and the one that breaks loose is free stone.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {D: See?}
Interviewer:  Now when you eat an apple the part you throw away is the
625:  The the the uh the heart the core.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 Core. #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  Um when you cut up an apple and dry 'em you're making you ever cut up an apple and dried it? You're making what?
625:  {D: Well what} cut 'em in it pa- pans {D: kinda} and and uh and cook for breakfast you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X} But uh {D: and I sole 'em and they} call it a apple, dried apple so you only make five of it you know? {X}
Interviewer:  Okay well a dried part of a pear you might call a did you ever dry a pear?
625:  Uh yeah dried pear too uh they call it
Interviewer:  They called 'em dried pears?
625:  Yeah. And {D: cook 'em} just like you would dried apple.
Interviewer:  You never call it snitz?
625:  Yeah I don't believe
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 I can't remember. #
Interviewer:  Now uh what about the kind of nuts that you might pull up out of the ground and roast? What do you call them?
625:  Peanuts.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um can you tell me about any other kind of nuts you had around here?
625:  Well uh I don't know any other {D: that they got around there} {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Just well just some that came in trees.
625:  Some in trees yeah oh yeah. There's pecans.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {D: An acorn a acorn and they always eat that} pecans. Some of 'em trees and uh chestnut. And they had chinquapin they call it uh some grows on trees.
Interviewer:  Chinquapin?
625:  Chinquapin. {D: Mixed like something like that} Acorn I didn't think they good to eat.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now um another kinda nut you might came in a perforated shell you call that a
625:  {X} they got uh walnut.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now
625:  #1 {D: they had} #
Interviewer:  #2 um #
625:  they got what they call a hickory nut. It the hardest thing in the world to break but the best flavor you ever eaten. And and at home you can break 'em you got to have a hammer to break 'em. They grow wild. {D: Yeah} Well you get some out of it, it's the best way we {D: you could eat them}
Interviewer:  What do you call the outside of a walnut, you know that you have to peel away? You might get your hands all dirty?
625:  Well uh they call that the hull.
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay uh what about the other nut you know you'd put in a praline? You said pecans you'd also put this other nut in a praline. What do you call it?
625:  Uh peanuts. Peanuts and pecans.
Interviewer:  Yeah {X}
625:  #1 They've got a #
Interviewer:  #2 You ever got a #
625:  walnut Walnut. That some people use that.
Interviewer:  You ever grow almonds?
625:  Yeah almonds.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um the kinda fruit that grows in Florida if they're not um you might say if there're not any more of {D: 'em} left you say the oranges
625:  Oranges {D: they've uh} {D: faded out} {NW}
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {D: clean out}
Interviewer:  Alright. What about the little red vegetable that's peppery? You know the little small red vegetable that you it had roots in it grow in the ground?
625:  Radish.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Radish.
Interviewer:  Now I noticed you had a bunch of uh tomatoes over there what would you call a little old tomato like this? Maybe the you know
625:  Well I I {D: know some terms from back days uh} big as a sausage they all call 'em small tomatoes.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Some of 'em grows like a a a grape like you know? {X} maybe a five or six of 'em on one stem like that just like grapes. {D: Yeah} {X} uh uh a grape tomato you know? It'd be it wouldn't be very big just a little round one you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  No I seen some of 'em pla- planted in places they they look like um they use 'em in in in in yards around the vegetable places. {D: They make} {D: they'll} {D: put} put a little thing but they good to put in {X} say uh just round as they could be you know? I don't know really though don't know what they call 'em but they're pretty
Interviewer:  Um now along with your meat you might have a {D: ba-}
625:  Baked uh chicken?
Interviewer:  With your meat you might have a baked
625:  Potato.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now uh th- the kind of potatoes with yellow meat you call them a
625:  A red a red potato. They have some red and some white.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Uh {D: and there's} two kinds of potato but sweet potato you have uh what you call a white potato and a red, when you cook 'em those white ones they kinda and they're no- they're not exactly white they're kinda brownish-like but they're really white and white and brown like. And they good and then the uh the other this red potatoes when you cook 'em they red right through you know? Just like hash potatoes. {D: They most} potato you buy in the stores is white potatoes but the people here pass mostly red potatoes you see?
Interviewer:  #1 What about #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  yams?
625:  Yams. Well {NW} we used to plant a lotta yam here but they got quarter didn't raise none but a quarter-week and then they back there. They got stayed there so many in there to where they got to for a while keep {X} carry so many {D: pumpkin and uh}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Bring ye- carry to some place, had them burned, just scattered around. Hard to get rid of 'em once you get 'em in the field.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now what was the the the vegetable with the small with a makes tears come outta your eyes when you cut it?
625:  Onion.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now did you ever did you ever have little fresh ones? Little ones?
625:  {D: Oh yeah}
Interviewer:  to eat?
625:  Well yeah.
Interviewer:  What'd you call them?
625:  We we call them shallots.
Interviewer:  {D: Charlottes?}
625:  {D: Charleton}
Interviewer:  #1 Onions? #
625:  #2 {D: See it} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 # The little small ones, C-H-A-R-L-O-T I believe they call it. Little small one you know? And then they got some they call 'em {D: mother flies} {X} pull all but one and they'll stay there a couple weeks they'll be there a dozen'll grow grow around you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  But these uh {D: charlots} they'll make just one one little um {D: three four the way} around when they they good {D: store onion}
Interviewer:  What um mr Moran what'd you call that vegetable you put in a in a gumbo?
625:  Well uh when they cook gumbo you you put uh what they call gumbo filé made outta uh sassafras.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X} dry the leaves and they let 'em dry good and beat 'em down to a powder and you put so much in there and it gives it the filé taste you know? Outside of that you only put uh put uh make a brown gravy and then put uh onions and uh fre- seasoning in it you know? And uh {D: with only}
Interviewer:  #1 Um #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  did what about a little green vegetable uh that you put in a in a soup or or that did you ever hear of okra?
625:  Oh yeah okra yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if you leave and apple or a plum around you say it'll dry up and
625:  And rot.
Interviewer:  Well no maybe if it if it didn't rot, if it just dried up you'd say it would
625:  Dry up.
Interviewer:  Or Shr-
625:  Shrink. it'll shrink.
Interviewer:  Shrivel or?
625:  Sh- shrivel and
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what were the kind of vegetables that had large leafy heads?
625:  Uh uh cabbage cabbage had the lo- collard green have large wide {X} and cabbage have {D: very come from} head and
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Particular size leaves {D: they do} Collards have larger leaves they do. Than cabbage.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now if you wanted to get beans out of a out of the pod like those there you'd say
625:  You shell 'em. Have to shell 'em.
Interviewer:  Okay. What were the large yellowish flat beans that
625:  Butter beans.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um did you have any different varieties of butter beans?
625:  Oh yeah we had the have what they call small white butter bean, the big white butter bean then you have the uh the sm- the speckled butter bean. {D: inside} you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  They have uh {D: there} oh they have some they call uh I don't know know name just {X} you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Now what about the kind of beans you eat pod and all?
625:  They they that's a English peas.
Interviewer:  English beans?
625:  They call beans.
Interviewer:  Yeah I'm talking about beans.
625:  Oh snap beans.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 Snap beans # they call 'em.
Interviewer:  Wha- uh go ahead you were talking about
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # peas?
625:  Tender green now this English pea I thought it was one thing it grows early and you shell them it {NW} you cook them. And then we we got peel peas. That uh
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 Uh # that's what they shell in here you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 right # okay. {X} yeah. Now did you ever have little peas that had kinda black eyes in 'em, what do you call those?
625:  #1 Black #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
625:  black-eyed peas
Interviewer:  Okay. Um if you take the tops of turnips maybe and cook 'em you'd cook up a mess of
625:  Uh they call that turnip greens.
Interviewer:  Turnip greens?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what was the green stuff that you'd put in salads?
625:  Uh lettuce.
Interviewer:  Okay you'd say if you put two bunches you'd say you got two
625:  Two two head of lettuce in there.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  They usually use uh uh uh the white cabbage to make a slaw with too you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um the outside ear of the ear of a cor- a piece of corn you'd call the
625:  The shuck.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what's the kinda corn that kinda {D: you know the} corns tender enough to eat off the cob you'd say those were that those were
625:  That's uh uh {D: roast ears}
Interviewer:  Okay. {NS} Um what'd you call the top of a corn stalk?
625:  The uh tassel.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh the stringy stuff that you'd have to clean off when you were cleaning the corn
625:  Call that silk.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now um what was the big round fruit that you'd have for Thank- for uh Thanksgiving or you might you might cut holes out of it at at uh Halloween?
625:  Pumpkin.
Interviewer:  Okay. Can you tell me about the squa- uh the kinda yellow-necked vegetable you had?
625:  Yeah we have yellow squashes.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And uh then we have uh white squash too.
Interviewer:  Okay did you ever have a name for that?
625:  Only one I'd know is uh uh squash whi- white and uh yellow.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what kind of melons did you raise?
625:  Well the most me- melon I raised I raised a lot of 'em, I used to raise the {D: congo} I found that was the best melon that you could raise.
Interviewer:  Is that a watermelon?
625:  Yeah. I raised 'em uh about that long I guess all I could do was pick 'em up and I sold a many of 'em for a dollar. A piece.
Interviewer:  Okay what different kind of watermelons do you know about?
625:  Well they got uh combo {D: they what} they got the Dixie queen and the uh uh uh they got one they call rattlesnake if it's shaped the way color's shaped. And they there's uh there's uh these what melon the uh sell in these {D: store here} early they come from Georgia, some from Florida they call them Charleston.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And and uh all they have a number of I never planted but one kind of watermelon but I've seen people pay as much five {D: rows you know} {D: one} different different kind of melon each row you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Did you ever have another kind, a little smaller melon?
625:  Yeah they had the these uh uh ice ice box melons.
Interviewer:  Icebox melons?
625:  Yeah I've planted a few, I've planted them one time when {D: they was through with 'em you know?}
Interviewer:  Okay. You ever have another word for 'em? Uh musk melon or anything like that?
625:  Oh yeah we had mush melon yeah. Course that's a different thing it they have mush melon and and cantaloupe {X} just I guess there the mush melon was the small end of cantaloupes, some of 'em would come that long. And bigger you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. What other melon with yellow meat are shaped like that? You ever
625:  Well there's there there's some kind of I've I have planted melon they call 'em yellow m- yellow-meat melon.
Interviewer:  Uh-
625:  #1 They #
Interviewer:  #2 huh. #
625:  instead of getting red they'd be yellow but they just as sweet as they can be.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what was the little white umbrella thing that would sh- that would spout up in a field after a rain maybe? You call that a They grow in damp places.
625:  Yeah some some some you boil {D: also} they chew 'em too they call that uh what they call that uh I don't know. Ah shoot I keep one in the yard just the other day I saw
Interviewer:  #1 Mushroom? #
625:  #2 {X} # Mushroom yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Mushroom.
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
625:  #2 {X} # you know them things {D: grow well} {D: use to} cow manure and and boils 'em. Some people course out in the field {X} they'd break that off and chew that and and {D: they give 'em the} I don't know they they {D: taste 'em} make 'em feel funny you know?
Interviewer:  Some of 'em are good but other ones are
625:  Well some of 'em are good to eat but {X} grows all uh {D: bar- uh} {X} {D: cough drops} {X} I won't put won't chew one of them things for nothing in the world, you know? {NW} And they claim they got something in there that give you a little {X} I know a lotta people grow 'em out their field there you know?
Interviewer:  Um you say it those kinda melo- those kinda uh mushrooms are
625:  Well uh they're they're dangerous {X}
Interviewer:  Poi-
625:  Poison and dirty. You know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay um now what about the the poison ones you can't eat? What do you call them? The ones you can't eat.
625:  Well uh they call 'em the same thing uh mush melons you know? They call 'em the s- same thing.
Interviewer:  They ever call call 'em toadstools? You ever call 'em that?
625:  {D: I don't know} why you'd call that. I guess {X} that's a good name for 'em though. {NW}
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh if if a um if a man has a sore throat so the inside of his throat is is sore you'd say he couldn't if he was eating food you'd say he couldn't
625:  Couldn't swallow good.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now what do people smoke?
625:  Well
Interviewer:  They smoke pipes uh other some smoke pipes, others smoke
625:  Cigarettes, some ci- cigars.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if there were a lot of people at a party having a good time you'd say they'd all be maybe standing around the piano and they were
625:  All all happy and having a good time.
Interviewer:  Yeah and you'd say they were
625:  They singing.
Interviewer:  And uh
625:  Dancing.
Interviewer:  Okay. If somebody offers you a favor and you say I appreciate it but I don't want to be
625:  Obligated.
Interviewer:  Okay or obligated to anyone. Okay.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  Um If uh if somebody asked you about doing a certain job you'd say sure I
625:  Would be glad to do it.
Interviewer:  Or I if you were able to do it you'd say I
625:  I I can do it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um and if you couldn't do it or or you'd say no I
625:  I I I'm not able to do it uh I can't do it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um if uh if somebody asked you if you got up before sun came up to work and you'd worked all day, somebody asks you to do a job you say no I've I went to work before sun up and I
625:  I'm tired and unable to do it.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  But you speak about about the work you've done you'd say all day uh you'd say I
625:  I w- I worked all day {X}
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Not able to do anymore. It's it's thirty minutes after four now and I have to
Interviewer:  You wanna call it?
625:  Yeah. {X} I'd like there him them to tell me how they gonna get this unemployment down with the the i- i- increase and growth in population
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah #
625:  #2 And # they taking think of the thousand millions of uh high school kid that drops out at eighteen nineteen and they go to work. Alright now how many million {X} probably a million or two uh uh uh college graduates finishing every year.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  The the the the demand for employee is is growing faster than uh than uh the the the employment is.
Interviewer:  That's true.
625:  You know it's it's not it's not that uh the the uh the there's as many women working as men. And and the people and and {D: Honeyoak} {X} uh cut that {D: I'll say this} in court I don't care who gets elected they gonna have more people on on the uh this uh welfare
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh then the other did then they don't have to feed 'em on that. Now how they gonna find this employment if {X} they they got to have people to manufacture things. They got to do all that before they can put people to work. Now {X} before they vetoed a bill there the other day they wanted to put what eight eight six eight billion dollars. Collect that to give people work at work.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Well if you give that much money away what they doing? They just helping uh they just {D: running} the country and {X} and uh uh course a dollar today ain't nothing much but about twenty-nine cents you know that. {X}
Interviewer:  Twenty-nine cents compared to when?
625:  To to {X} compared to I'd say back there thirty forty years ago. Uh when the during the Depression.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  You could buy more with a dollar than you can now for for I guess forty or fifty dollars. I seen people go to the store and buy two dollars when they had hell I couldn't {D: hold} carry it all to the car just by the time, I had to go back and get it.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Pay forty-five cents I've sol- uh sold three myself I worked in commissary stores but then {X} you sell the uh forty- forty-five pounds of flour for forty-five cents. Now a- uh th- five pound cost you about a dollar and seventy-nine cents or eighty cents. Five pound {D: would}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh uh so you see the difference in price and whe- what they gonna do about that? How they gonna reduce the price? Bi- uh {D: Wallace this older man now who made a statement {D: that I said they said} uh th- this summer a year ago he they had the governor's convention in New Orleans. And he was on there nearly every day, somebody say something he said uh we ain't never {X} nobody want to know wha- {X} what he's gonna do. He said uh uh the only thing he said he had to say that uh the government was trying to beat inflation by raising the the cost of living and h- i- uh high cost of li- employees, salaries and wages, thing like that He said they gotta stop somewhere he said where they going? They gotta stop somewhere then that's got to stop, you can depend on that. Cause inflation we we only {X} uh you {D: won't be able to reason} {X} the farmer's getting the bad pay to where they can't bo- buy have get the equipment {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  So we can go ahead and start, if you wanna put that on there you can if you don't let us {D: down}
Interviewer:  Well that's okay, I wanted, I'd liked to hear that. Um well let's see. Go through some of the animals with you. What'd you what'd you call the kind of bird that can see in the dark? You know
625:  Them uh uh uh them uh hoot owls they call 'em.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 Owls. #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  Do you have any different kinds of owls?
625:  Well uh they they got I've heard 'em c- call horn owls hoo- uh and uh hoot owls and there
Interviewer:  #1 Okay #
625:  #2 {X} # there's uh there's another
Interviewer:  Is there a little kinda owl that maybe makes a s-
625:  Yeah. There's another little k- owl, what do they call that?
Interviewer:  Makes a shrill noise, has a real shrill
625:  #1 Uh uh #
Interviewer:  #2 voice? #
625:  scre- screech owl. Screech owl yeah.
Interviewer:  Alright. What about the bird that drills holes in trees?
625:  They call 'em woodpeckers.
Interviewer:  Okay. And the kinda black and white animal with the real powerful smell?
625:  Polecat.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what kinda what kinda bushy-tailed animals do you see in the tops of trees?
625:  Uh I guess the coons about the biggest
Interviewer:  Yeah. But {X} may these maybe eat pecans or something like that.
625:  Oh like squirrels. Squirrels and and uh
Interviewer:  You have any different kinds of squirrels?
625:  Oh yeah they had uh what they call red squirrel, they call 'em fox squirrel.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And the gray squirrel.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  The other one take a a a pecan, a acorn then run up on them and eat it. And a a the coons will go up too uh uh tree you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  They'd eat the I don't know if they uh they eat nuts much but they uh go up there and ge- and get something different. Pecans they can get hold to 'em they'll eat 'em. They'll get on the trees and crack 'em.
Interviewer:  Have you got a little have you got a little thing around here that might run around the ground? Uh it looks like a squirrel but it doesn't have a tail and can't climb trees.
625:  Uh
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
625:  #2 The only # the only thing uh that hasn't got a tail?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Chipmunk or a you know what those are?
625:  {D: Forget it} they have chipmunk yeah yeah. But they have a little uh mole they call 'em yeah that runs under the ground. And they'll dig holes {X} them things are they they just as {D: smallest} I I I have finally found some of 'em pull 'em out. They call 'em a mole, they done run in the garden, they get in the garden they'll tear up the garden, they get in there and run a hole in it. Raise the ground and them thing they they got two little paws like that right in front of their mouth there. They can get under a ground, hit hard ground and uh you ca- it'll raise the flower up. Just people now days raise it {D: you can see that ridge up} They call them a little mole.
Interviewer:  Um now what kind of animals would you get that might raid hen houses? Might might raid a hen house.
625:  Well you got possum. Mink. And uh uh
Interviewer:  Did you ever have a name for 'em like you say did you ever call 'em anything? I'm gonna go get me a gun and go out and kill those
625:  Um we- well uh uh possum yeah.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {X} you hear about a you hear 'em a lotta times they'll wake a fellow {X} possum gets in or they mate you know? They get in the chicken house it'll scare the chickens and {D: get out} And then uh uh chicken {D: homes} I mean uh owl {X} these big owl ow- I remember had a old some chicken roost about maybe seventeen eighteen feet fly up there and they'd get up on that roof and uh yeah sometimes I'd hear them I- h- hear 'em {D: cackling} and I knew, I'd get up and put my gun and take my shoes on and go out there and I'd get and I could tell that they uh he'd he'd what his intention was to move toward that chicken and get that chick {X} he couldn't pick her off the roof. But if she once she went down to fl- fly he could pick her off and carry her off you see?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And I'd uh I'd kill the many of them {D: like that}
Interviewer:  Wow.
625:  I could see 'em {D: circling} I could tell {X} leave them chickens to roost. You didn't have to see them {X} {NW}
Interviewer:  Um did you ever call all those things varmints? Did you ever hear that word used? Varmint?
625:  Yes. {D: They used uh} uh w- uh {D: more today} word they use. For for thing like that va- va- varmints of all kinds you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what about the kinds of fish you might have around here mr Moran? Can you tell me about 'em?
625:  Well we have uh uh in freshwater you've got uh uh perch uh uh some of 'em uh {D: gargalyles} they call 'em
Interviewer:  {D: tug a lines?}
625:  {D; Gargalyles}
Interviewer:  Why do they call 'em that?
625:  I don't know, it's kind of a big perch you know and
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {X} # they grow big. And some of 'em kinda they're they're dark green and then they'll have others uh uh red {X} red-belly like {X} {D: you know} c- call them perch you know {D: the other one named perch}
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Perch but they call 'em {D: gargalyle.} And then you catch a green trout in this freshwater too you know and and uh some um {D: we have carps} and uh some uh uh jack fish they call 'em in waters you know? They come about that long
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh the- they're good fish they uh you have to gig 'em or catch 'em they they usually live in freshwater.
Interviewer:  Okay. Do you have any saltwater types around here? What kind of saltwater might you catch?
625:  Well uh saltwater you got uh oh you got uh
Interviewer:  Wh-
625:  mullet. For one they got uh uh flounders. And uh I guess you know what a flounder is.
Interviewer:  Yeah {D: allal} had flounder last night.
625:  You uh you caught any?
Interviewer:  {D: Didn't} catch and pay.
625:  You know they're flat and I wa- their eyes are just on one side.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh then they've got uh uh that and mullet and you go far out there and ya usually catch some green trouts, pecker trout sometime they'll come {D: they'll} I've caught some pecker trout and green trout. And sometime you go out fishing once in a while you catch a mullet but not too often. but its pecker trout this time of the year when its dry and hot and the saltwater comes up in the river you can catch 'em up in the rivers you see?
Interviewer:  Mullets good eating fish huh?
625:  Oh yeah mullets just as good a fish as you gonna eat.
Interviewer:  That's what I hear.
625:  And then uh you have also you have crabs. I don't know if you ever eat crab?
Interviewer:  Uh-uh. Never have.
625:  Y- yo
Interviewer:  But I've had well I've never eaten them whole, you know I've had little little part of their meat. {D: something}
625:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # but not not they're good I like I like the taste of 'em.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  what do you call those little uh things that pearls grow in? They come in a shell.
625:  Uh that's a a snail. A small little snail you know?
Interviewer:  No these'll grow out in the ocean a a pearl might grow in 'em. They're called they got a shell you eat 'em on the half-shell sometime.
625:  Yeah. Yeah they got uh I I I tell you I don't remember {D: just} how they call them. What they call them.
Interviewer:  There's oyst-
625:  Oh you mean oysters.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 Oysters # yeah oh they got that down o- on the ground yeah. You you {NW} have to rake for them rake you know and the
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now what's that thing you hear in the marsh at night, it goes {NW} like that real got a real
625:  A bullfrog.
Interviewer:  Okay. And do you have any other kinds of frogs?
625:  Oh yeah we uh we got toad frogs and the uh s- the wha- spring frogs they call 'em, now spring frogs when it's rainy weather sometime you hear them thing around {D: pond and you and the} {X} Man you hear 'em sing all over the place {D: but it's} {NW} They can holler and holler and then the old old toad frog you hear around the place uh around a a house mostly you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And I have read where they have taken frogs a frog and r- {D: rammed it} and I forgot where it was and a m- mailman carried it seventeen miles. How true the story was I don't know but he said there that he'd {D: bringed} that frog somewhere that he uh recognize and then he come back home.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
625:  Now whether that's true or not I read that i- in the newspaper. Said the man's name and everything.
Interviewer:  Uh now what might you fish with? Um did you ever have, what would you fish with maybe? What sort of {D: thing}
625:  Well people go out here in these pond and uh uh on the lake uh rivers some of 'em'll fish with a r- a rod and reel. {X} cast a rod and reel, go out and have a a a pole uh pole a fishing pole with a line on it you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And then uh people go out there sometime at uh {NW} at night and late in the evening or early in the morning and even at night and uh some people can tell but what time the mullet going to come in they catch 'em with nets You know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Catch a net, and throw out there and they catch 'em. Don't take long to fill up a get all the uh fish you want there. Mullet you wants you know they come out there by they come by school they call 'em.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I seen {D: me} cross the river {D: out uh} the lake there {D: the pay there} and on the uh uh the summertime I stop and I said look over there. They they {D: toll grace} Said that {D: you can see 'em} {X} just like coming like that in the water he said {D: if I} and he said he didn't have his net, said if he had his net on him he wanted one throw in there he that's all he'd need. {X} {D: mullet take} {X} they go by school they call it.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um well I'm talking about what might you fish with, you might dig something out of the ground to fish with.
625:  {D: Oh yeah} {NW} get uh earthworm fish them down in the ground, an earthworm to fish.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And uh some people'll get shrimp you know they use shrimp {D: on the} {D: water ain't} dropped by those small shrimp you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And use that.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what about those what about those animals that crawl along the ground that have a hard shell and when you touch 'em they might pull back into the shell, what do you call them?
625:  Well the they have some they call them a little wood terrapin.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And they got one that they call a a {D: gulf} {D: them things'll run} these wood terrapins they'll uh travel all over the ground.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I've I've found several in the {D: route} put 'em here. And turned 'em loose in that field and I've seen several of 'em back {X} you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And then the gophers, they'll dig a hole down in the {D: there's mice} dug a hole down here and they and they crooked, they go way over there they might be s- uh eight ten feet from there they might not be but four or five feet under the ground but they get dig a hole.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh some people'd they uh take a bamboo and put some hooks on it and uh they'd go in there and twist 'em around there and get down in there. {D: kill the} get a big old catfish hook, five or six of 'em 'til they hook it up pull pull 'em out you know {X}
Interviewer:  {NW}
625:  They they good to eat those gophers they call 'em.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And then they had uh what they call a streaker head that stay in water. And then the they got a
Interviewer:  #1 Streaker head? #
625:  #2 uh #
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Streaker head and they have uh uh uh an old uh snapping turtle.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  That lives in the water {D: in the water} you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Uh streaker head are good and they have what they call a soft shell soft shell {X} sh- turtle li- lives in the these uh uh creek. They're freshwater.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  They lay their eggs on the ground and then they hatch and I've seen about this uh {X} first part of May they gone in in the creek down in the creek there and you can see some places that they'd be {D: pools of 'em} about the size of a dollar {D: or five dollar round}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {X} They young they they'd hatch. They'd hatch on the they'd make the they laid eggs right on the sand bed on the sand right close by the {D: assuming} they'd hatch and then they'd get in that water. They'd live {X} it must not take much {D: for them to live}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And they'd also catch some catfish out of those fresh waters too you know? We #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Um # what about things you might see in a freshwater creek? Mayb- they're little things, they look kinda like shrimp but you see 'em in freshwater creeks.
625:  Uh they call them minnows.
Interviewer:  Yeah but no these were, these look like shrimp but they they go backwards they
625:  Oh they're crawfish.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Crawfish.
Interviewer:  Alright. Now um talking about insects what about those insects that might that would fly around a light? Can you tell me about some of the insects you might have here?
625:  Well uh uh the the light will draw uh {D: just the} what you call a light bug uh it's a it it it's a bug that used to come around a light it won't they won't bite you but
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 they'll # give you uh right around your {D: four} around your if you standing under a light outside you
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {D: know} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 # Especially on the lighter uh electric light then they know nothing {D: over it} And it'll also draw mosquitoes, mosquitoes come now too they'll {D: give you the devil} too you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And uh
Interviewer:  What about that kind of bug that gets in your clothes might lay eggs? You have to put balls in your clothes maybe to stop that them from eating your stuff? What do you call them?
625:  Uh uh well uh
Interviewer:  They like to eat wool.
625:  I I
Interviewer:  #1 moth #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  uh you ever have any
625:  Uh m- moths.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Mo- mo- moth moths they call 'em.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Mo- uh
Interviewer:  Um did you ever have a little bug that might light up at night? You know you'd come out
625:  Oh yeah. they call call that a light bug. I'll never forget {D: I just see} young boys at the {D: wake} one time here, my son would go there. About the same age and I was kinda timid like you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh uh let's see one girl asked me says uh {D: I rep-} what was the bravest thing in the world I said I it'd be hard for me to tell. One girl said it's uh a a a light bug.
Interviewer:  Why?
625:  {X} Said it strike the light and let you see everything you got.
Interviewer:  {NW}
625:  {NW} And we laughed and I never forgot that, I saw them girl later and uh same girl I I I I got them back to {X} that you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um what might you call a little a long thin-bodied insect that had shiny transparent wings? Sometimes it would hover around a lake. And it would hover you know and then it'd just take off real fast. They'd used to eat mosquitoes a lot.
625:  Uh well i-
Interviewer:  They used to
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # a lotta the
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
625:  what little things uh live around and all over they call 'em a m- a mosquito hawk.
Interviewer:  Yeah okay. Alright. Now what about the sort of stinging insects you know? The ones that fly.
625:  {NW} {X} Yellow jacket, the red wasp, they'll {D: stang} you, honey bees sta- sting you too they'll fly.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And also got a a uh a long green hornet about that long they live in the dirt, they call them di- dirt fl- wasps.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And boy when them wa- them things sting you they sting you and then they have the horne- hornets.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Make a big nest in the uh in the uh I've never been s- stung by one but I'll tell you when them thing hit you they kno- they nearly knock you down.
Interviewer:  Yeah. They're bad. Um now what about those wasps that build in in dirt, now you know they might build mud houses
625:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # {X} what'd you call them?
625:  Uh uh well they uh they call them uh dirt daubers.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {D: wasps}
Interviewer:  Alright. Um what about those little insects that burrow into your skin and make it you know, make it red and cause welts?
625:  {X} let's see uh uh re- red bugs.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now did you have a little insect that would hop along in the grass during the summertime?
625:  Well uh you you you you you had some that you {D: something reed breaks} where there're lotta open trees and sometimes uh you you'd stand around walking some {D: wishes} she'd get with a a a {D: pick on you}
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
625:  #2 {D: you know?} # It'd get on you and it uh has uh some of 'em are {D: really} before you'd know it they had uh this s- s sting you {X} way down in in your leg and uh nearly full of blood before you'd realize it you know and
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 # I have seen {D: call} so- some people sores on your back that big from the infection of it.
Interviewer:  Yeah it'd just their back would just swe- swe-
625:  swelt- I guess and uh them things'd get in there and before they know it there was a big sore you know?
Interviewer:  Swell up.
625:  Swell {X}
Interviewer:  Um di- wha- now these were harmless insect but they would hop around in the grass and you know they might eat a lot of stuff uh
625:  {X} they had what they call grasshoppers.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright um and what go ahead.
625:  Uh well that's that's the
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 the on- #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
625:  #2 ly #
Interviewer:  Alright what what about the little things you might be out in the garden, you might back into 'em you know and the they'd be made by insects, you'd have to get 'em off of you.
625:  That'd be a spiderweb. S-
Interviewer:  Yeah okay.
625:  Sp- spiderweb.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now um talking about trees and bushes uh what do you call the part of a tree that's underneath the ground? You call them the
625:  Roo- the roots.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh can you tell me about some of the trees you have around here?
625:  Yeah we have uh dogwood trees.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  We had uh blackgum tree well sweet sweetgum trees. We had white oak. We have live oak we have water oak. We have uh
Interviewer:  Um have you got a kind of a white tree with a white scaly bark here?
625:  We got uh uh what they call white berry.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  It's a a bottom of the leaf is white, the top is green.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And their bark is kinda smooth and {X} {D: light} And they got wa- uh they got two uh sa- what they call sassafras trees.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  They got that and then they got uh
Interviewer:  You got sycamore?
625:  They got sycamore. They got uh they got uh cedar trees and uh oak trees.
Interviewer:  Okay. What kind of tree was it that old George Washington chopped down?
625:  Uh cherry tree.
Interviewer:  Okay. Have you got a have you got kind of a shrub here that gets real red in the fall mr Moran? They used to use 'em to tan leather some folks.
625:  Well uh we have uh uh uh some kind they call it hickory trees here that In the fall here that thing is just as red.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And {D: some days} you won't see it.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um what about this was this was poison, this was kind of a bush it was poison to some people. It'd turn red in the fall, it was a big shrub. Uh you ever had sumac?
625:  Now they had what you call uh uh let's see what they they got a weed that grows uh uh {D: now I I} a real simple name. That uh
Interviewer:  It make you break out?
625:  Make you break {D: down} face your face would swell as well as I know that uh uh
Interviewer:  Poison ivy?
625:  P- uh poison ivy, I was about to get poison ivy.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um you don't have sumac here? You'd ever heard of that?
625:  I know if but I have I don't remember.
Interviewer:  Okay. What about some of the local berries you might have around here? That are good to eat.
625:  Well we have blackberry
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  We have blueberries. We have uh s- strawberries, {D: blueberries}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And they had uh uh
Interviewer:  Did you ever get kind of a red berry around here that had a rough surface to it? It was like a strawberry it was
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Did you ever #
625:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
625:  we have uh wha- {NW} down below uh {NW} in Hancock County down there towards uh {D: Lakeshore} and there they uh and around what they call {D: Miles Phillip} there he used to have a lotta tree in front of the back there wha- red something uh {D: mayhaw}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Just like uh
Interviewer:  Sounds good.
625:  There there was a bunch of 'em in the yard
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
625:  #2 they # they made the best jelly you ever saw.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And then they got these blueberries. Berries you know that make good good jelly too.
Interviewer:  Do you get raspberries here?
625:  Uh some not too much, I don't think I don't know of too many, they might uh lotta people might raise I don't know too many people that raise 'em {X}
Interviewer:  What's that ra-
625:  R- uh raspberries.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  And they had what they call gooseberries but I never did raise them, I never did see any.
Interviewer:  I thought gooseberries were poi- I thought they were bad, they you couldn't eat 'em.
625:  No I see 'em uh listed in the book and thing like that but never did I never did r- raise them.
Interviewer:  Okay. What about s- now some berries that grow in the woods you say you can't eat 'em because they're they're what? They're
625:  {X} uh they're they're good and poison {X} the uh uh
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Gom- uh they call 'em the mulberry bush.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now what do you call that big flower tree that's the state tree of uh Mississippi?
625:  A a magnolia?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Okay. Um do you ever have any other flowery plants around here? Any other types of flowery plants?
625:  Oh yeah. {D: Uh there's uh} {D: one three hundred bush then they} {X} they call it jas- {D: jasmine}
Interviewer:  Ja-
625:  {D: jasmake}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And there's another name too they call it but I can't think of it now.
Interviewer:  What do they call, you ever heard of any laurel around here, any sorta laurel?
625:  No I haven't {D: if I have I don't know what they are} what they got rose bushes and
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay. Um um if a married woman doesn't doesn't wanna make up can't make up her mind about something you'd say she had to ask her
625:  Her husband.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh a man might say I might have to I have to ask my
625:  My wife.
Interviewer:  Okay. A woman who's lost her husband is called a a a a a widow. Okay. Now a man whose son you are is called your? Say a man whose son you're you are is called your?
625:  Uh my my daddy.
Interviewer:  Okay alright. Did you ever have any terms like that that you'd use for your mother? Did you ever ca- what'd you call your mother?
625:  Oh yeah I'd call uh my mother
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
625:  #2 Yeah # {X} my mother
Interviewer:  Yeah. You ever just call her, you ever call her you know when you were saying something to her you'd say
625:  #1 Well if I #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
625:  speaking to her uh a question I'd say uh call her momma you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Now your mother and your father together are called your
625:  Parents.
Interviewer:  Alright. Um did you have a name you used to call your your grandfather uh any sort of term of endearment? You know maybe if when you were talking to him you'd say
625:  Well I'd say grandpa you know?
Interviewer:  Grandpa?
625:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
625:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 # And your mother? Your
625:  I I we used to
Interviewer:  grandmother?
625:  Grandmother {D: right but right there especially} everybody that's what they called her.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now your sons and daughters you call your
625:  My my children or m- my my family chi- my children or
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now something you'd put a baby in and and uh wheel him around in you call that a
625:  A baby carriage.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh and you might say you'd take the baby out for a
625:  For a walk in the sunshine.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh now let's see your children are your sons and
625:  And daughters.
Interviewer:  Okay. And you might call 'em your boys and
625:  My boys and girls too. {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if a woman's going to have a child mr Moran you might say she's
625:  Pregnant.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Or fa- uh some people usually used to call it family way but now people got to where they call it pregnancy.
Interviewer:  In a family way?
625:  I don't know but when I was young they'd come up that's the way they {X} call it you know.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Now they call it pregnant.
Interviewer:  Okay. What what would you call a woman who who when there wasn't a doctor around she'd deliver the baby?
625:  Uh that that that uh they'd call that a midwife.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if a boy and his father have the same appearance do you say the boy
625:  Resembles uh his father.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um and uh if a mother has looked after three children until they're grown you say she's
625:  Well she's she's uh rai- she raised 'em the children 'til they're grown.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um to a naughty child a child who's been naughty you might say you're gonna get a
625:  {D: A a} well a punishment they'll get a whipping if you do.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {D: Using} {D: your arm}
Interviewer:  Alright. Now if Bob say if one of your sons is growing and and he when he was young you say he might he one year he might've gotten he might've gone up in one year he might've say five inches he had
625:  Growed uh uh
Interviewer:  He
625:  Grown five inches {D: in a year?}
Interviewer:  One year.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  And you say to him you cer- my you certainly have
625:  Have grown
Interviewer:  Grown up.
625:  Uh grown up.
Interviewer:  O
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 kay. #
625:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 # You'd s- you might say why he he uh he came up so fast you could almo- almost see
625:  See him growing. {NW}
Interviewer:  Okay. Now did you have a name for a a for a child that was born to an unmarried woman? A child that was #1 born #
625:  #2 Yeah. # to an unmarried woman?
Interviewer:  A let's see I think that they'd call if I'm not mistake they'd call them a little bastard baby.
625:  Okay. Alright
Interviewer:  And and they that uh they they they they didn't have no parents you see?
625:  Okay. Did you have any maybe um any names you might use you know uh other names or or names for a mixed mixed kid? A kid of mixed you know of uh different races or {D: more} Mixed breed?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  What what'd you call 'em? Well do you have another name for 'em?
625:  Well uh you mean that that would be somebody between two two nationality.
Interviewer:  Well two two races maybe maybe. Somebody
625:  Well {X} the real name for that would be creole.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  If it's two ne- uh two uh mixed thing were its two of uh white or black or an Ameri- American or Frenchman or Frenchman and Englishman.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  The uh the name would be creole. A mix between two two different uh nationalities.
Interviewer:  Okay. What about a mix between two different races? Say black and white.
625:  Well that'd be that'd be what you call creole too.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 um #
625:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
625:  I I I I like {D: the untroubled I run the store around here and the} {X} around here at one time and there's was uh {X} they both creole people there and they'd I I was born to talk French all my life you know? I studied French. Yeah?
Interviewer:  My mother was half of French and uh they were talking there about {X} uh Frenchman and the white and colored, the people around there. And they'll said the- them niggers over there they all creole. I said they a not only are them nigger I say you a creole too. Mean like uh all you people {D: you hear?} a- are are creole. {D: as well as myself} Man some of 'em got I thought they were gonna kill me. I said wait a minute I said uh I said you don't know what creole mean? And I sa- yeah. Say that to mean {D: it's a quick mix} between the black and the white. Uh-huh.
625:  Alright I said what suppose suppose the French and the Englishmen married, what would you call that? Well they'd be white people. I said you can call that creole too. The word creole, I said look up your dictionaries {X} creole means uh uh people whose parents uh {X} are of different nationality. From different nationality. It doesn't say a lot about only color but different nationality.
Interviewer:  I didn't know that.
625:  Well it you look it up and see, you'll see.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright.
625:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Now your brother's son is called your
625:  Ne- nephew.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now a child that's lost its father and mother you call that a
625:  A a uh a a {D: mu} uh uh uh
Interviewer:  Or-
625:  Orphan orphan.
Interviewer:  O
625:  #1 Orphan #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay #
625:  children.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now a person who would be appointed to look after that child would be called its
625:  Guardian.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if a woman gives a party or somebody gives a party she might invite all the people who are related to her she said she'd asked all
625:  All her relatives and friends.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um {NS} Did you ever have another name for it maybe you call 'em you know when you're speaking about all the folks that were
625:  neigh- they might {X} neighbors.
Interviewer:  Well no you'd speak of all the folks that uh {NS} were uh related to you you'd say you'd call them your
625:  A- all my family? Uh
Interviewer:  Okay. Yeah
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: when} #
625:  members of family or rela- close relatives.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now did you have if somebody has the same name as you like Moran is a pretty common name by that I mean you know there are a lot of people that have it around here.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  But uh they're not they're not like you in other words you'd say they weren't they're they're what they're
625:  They they weren't related to me?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Or were they
Interviewer:  you'd s- yeah
625:  You might say they're distantly related.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Now somebody comes into town, you've never seen him before he's a you call him a
625:  {X} he he he'd be a stranger {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um would it make any distance how far he came from?
625:  No. It it'd be uh {D: a ma- uh} well he'd be a foreigner.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  He
Interviewer:  Came
625:  Straight from overseas or or another country.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now
625:  Another state.
Interviewer:  I wanna ask you some common names uh {D: and I'll j-} the mother of Jesus was
625:  Uh Blessed Virgin Mary.
Interviewer:  Yeah. And uh George Washington's wife was named
625:  #1 Uh #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
625:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 # Yeah.
625:  Uh
Interviewer:  You had it
625:  #1 Mar- #
Interviewer:  #2 right. #
625:  Marthy?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Martha.
Interviewer:  Now um uh the ni- what was a nickname for Helen beginning with N? Do you have a nickname for Helen beginning with N uh
625:  Helen that begin with N?
Interviewer:  A nickname from Helen beginning with N. You ever call 'em Nel- You ever call anybody Nelly?
625:  Yeah. Yeah it a lot of people uh call Nelly they'd call 'em Nell you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Now a nickname for a little boy named William beginning with a B would be
625:  Uh they call him Bill.
Interviewer:  Yeah but with a Y on that it'd be they might call him with a uh B-I-L-L-Y which would be
625:  Billy.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Now the who wrote the first of the four gospels? The other three were written by Mark, Luke and John. The first one was
625:  {X} uh
Interviewer:  Um well
625:  Luke John and
Interviewer:  Mark, Luke, and John and uh let's see, Matt is a short name for
625:  Matthew.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now a woman who uh a woman who's in charge of a schoolroom in charge a teaching some kids you'd call her a
625:  A teacher.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now let's see what would you call maybe a a a carpenter who hadn't been trained um you know who didn't have a lot of experience. You might you wouldn't trust him to build anything but a chicken coop maybe.
625:  Well he'd be a a a helper. {X} helper.
Interviewer:  Yeah. But you'd you might call him what? If he was
625:  Uh a a a uh jackleg carpenter.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright do you have
625:  {NW} Yeah.
Interviewer:  Um can you pronounce that name for me? How would you say that in a
625:  {D: Mrs Cooker}
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. I just wanted to it's easier to go ahead and write that out before we mention
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  {D: the husband} Um now what relation would my mother's sister be to me?
625:  She'd be your aunt.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now um let's see the wife of Abraham was uh well what's a girl's name beginning with S?
625:  Sarah?
Interviewer:  Okay. Very good. Now um if your father had a brother by the name of William you'd call him Uncle Willy.
625:  And if he had a brother by the name of John you'd call him
Interviewer:  Uncle John. Okay. Now um if you were talking to the to a a military man named George say George Patton you wouldn't call him mr Patton you'd call him
625:  Uh uh well if if he was a general you'd call 'em General captain you'd call 'em Captain. You know?
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh who was the fella who invented Kentucky Fried Chicken you'd call him the guy who invented Kentucky Fried Chicken.
625:  Well he'd be he'd he'd be one that discovered the fried chicken. Yeah. Now b- right below a general is a what a A colone-
Interviewer:  Colonel?
625:  Yeah o
Interviewer:  #1 kay. #
625:  #2 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  Alright. Now a man who presides over a county court he's a
625:  Judge.
Interviewer:  Okay. And what do you call a person who goes to college to study?
625:  A student.
Interviewer:  Alright. Now a person employed by a business man to look after his correspondence is called his private
625:  Private secretary.
Interviewer:  Okay. What would you call a woman who uh appears on the stage you call her a
625:  An an actor.
Interviewer:  Yeah that's a man, you'd call a woman an
625:  Actress.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now your we just celebrated our two hundredth anniversary. And uh now anyone born in our country is called an called
625:  A- an an a an a an aggressor?
Interviewer:  Everybody's who's bor- anybody who's born in our country, you and I, we're called
625:  Uh {D: citizens} citizens of the
Interviewer:  Yeah. You might say
625:  United States uh
Interviewer:  uh of wha-
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
Aux:  {NW}
625:  of a new states area. {NW}
Interviewer:  You might say you and I are proud to be
625:  Oh uh uh American.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now um {NW} uh did you ever have any word you might use for a a you might use for a um for a poor white man or a man who just uh didn't have a lot of you know didn't have a lot of opportunity like you or #1 {X} #
625:  #2 Well #
625:  Yeah they had they call 'em some people'd call 'em lazy {D: some of 'em} {D: tribal} and someti- some of 'em you'd say they were s- sick, unable to work you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Did um did you ever uh hear any derogatory terms used for 'em? Slang words or anything like that? You know by that I mean words that you know s- did you ever hear 'em called uh maybe uh you know any wo- any words, ordinary words you might have for white folk you know white folk?
625:  Well yeah they would call 'em crackers. People you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Alright. #
625:  #2 Yeah. #
625:  Or uh
Interviewer:  Yeah you might call 'em you might call a black man a nigger but you you'd call a white man, did you have any names like that for 'em? When when when folks would get angry they'd talk about
625:  Well uh I don't know just how you what you {X} I don't know if I understand
Interviewer:  #1 Do you ever call 'em #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  peckerwoods or Never heard that?
625:  Well I heard some of 'em call they'd call some people troublemakers and thing like that you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Did you ever hear anybody call people poor whites?
625:  What?
Interviewer:  You ever hear them call 'em poor whites or or
625:  Oh yes I've heard people call 'em uh you call that people they the white people say they uh poor people you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Poor people, didn't have no no uh no uh energy to even get out and work some of 'em and and uh of course and I do know some {D: terrible people that} knew people like that and they were they were they were really {X} people they have what they call Brides Disease. {NW} And now they call 'em what they Brides Disea-
Interviewer:  Uh what was that word? {C: distorted pitch}
625:  I said they used to uh people w- uh white people in Mississippi call them people from Virginia redneck.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  But I guess they call 'em the Mississippi peoples don't say anything but a name you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Um now what would you call the man you worked for maybe a
625:  Well they be the uh boss or
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Um and uh let's see now um what did you ever hear negroes call black men call a a white man you know a poor white man a different name? Um
625:  No. I I've always heard a a nigger uh a nigger call a white peop- white man mister all my life until the uh lately as far as I know on the coast here there were people uh niggers raise they still do.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  You know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  They still do.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what would you call a man who lived out in the country and who never got into town? You know somebody maybe who lived up way outside of {D: Kiln}
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  You uh you know who never never came into town or something like that?
625:  Well I've heard 'em call people like that country hoosier you know?
Interviewer:  Country hoosier?
625:  Yes. Country hoosier who never would go anywhere. {X} never been to town, nowhere you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  I had a store one time whe- back when I was a little boy there's the {X} boy uh about twelve years old. Something like that that had never been to town, you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And one day when I went to town with his daddy you know? And they uh they they parents had always tell them people those boys not to use tobacco, anybody use tobacco wasn't smoke chew or uh smoke the type of things wasn't a gentleman.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And the boy went with him went to his daddy one day and he come back the next day he him and the the boyfriend he's telling him all about it. He said you know I counted a hundred and five men today and counting they were just five gentlemen in the bunch that the all the others uh hundred were smoking. They're just five gentlemen out of a hundred-and-five.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Okay. Um so did you ever have any other words for it maybe? Did you call just anything like that? {D: not that} #1 {X} #
625:  #2 Okay. #
Interviewer:  Alright, a country hoosier you know a might call 'em a you ever call 'em a hillbilly or?
625:  Well s- something like that yeah. Hillbilly. {X} uh they come from way out in the sticks the country.
Interviewer:  Okay. {NW} Okay. Now um if it's not quite midnight, somebody was asking you what time it was and it was just it was getting near that time you'd say it's
625:  Nearly twelve, nearly midnight.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Um now you slip maybe on a on a wax floor and you catch yourself just before you hit the ground, you say this is a dangerous place I
625:  I slipped and and hurt my my back.
Interviewer:  Yeah
625:  #1 Or #
Interviewer:  #2 or #
625:  hip my hip.
Interviewer:  I- if you didn't hurt yourself but you just barely caught yourself you'd say this is a real dangerous place I
625:  I slipped. S- slipped down and
Interviewer:  Yeah. Okay. Or or I almost or I
625:  Almost broke my hip or
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Leg.
Interviewer:  Now if somebody was waiting for you to get ready so uh you had to go somewhere he'd say uh will you be ready soon and and you you might call back you might say I'll be with in
625:  Just a few minutes.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh now if you know you're on the right road somewhere but you're not sure how far the distance is uh you see somebody you might call out uh to the next town you'd say hey uh how
625:  How far is it to the next uh {NS} place I'm going to?
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if you're pointing out something nearby to somebody you might say uh you might say to 'em uh you'd say loo- you know something like
625:  {X} Look a- look a- look at this over here.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh if you wanted to know how often somebody did so- I mean uh how many times somebody did something you might say how
625:  How often do you do you do uh do you do do that thing?
Interviewer:  Okay. Now you might wanna agree with a friend when he's saying to you uh when he's saying something like I don't wanna do that uh you say well
625:  Uh if that's the way you want it uh
Interviewer:  Okay
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 or # you wanted to express your approval with that friend you'd say well
625:  I'll I'll
Interviewer:  Uh
625:  If that's the way you want it, I'll I'll go along with you.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright say you know say you were out somewhere uh and uh you were out with a couple of couple of men and couple of them wanted to go to a go to a bar uh one of your friends didn't want to go and he said he didn't want to go and you you wanted to express your approval that you didn't want to either you say well
625:  Well y- I I I
Interviewer:  Well
625:  I'd stay with him I I
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 I # would go I'd stay with him and I don't care about
Interviewer:  #1 You ever #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  say need it?
625:  Need it ah Yeah. Care about going
Interviewer:  Okay. Might say uh me
625:  Me too, I don't care about going.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Now um uh what do you call this part of your head? Uh part of your this
625:  Fo- forehead.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now this is your
625:  Skull.
Interviewer:  Yeah but
625:  #1 hair. #
Interviewer:  #2 this #
625:  hair.
Interviewer:  Okay and if you had some on your face you'd call that your
625:  Beard.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now which ear is this? This is your
625:  Left ear.
Interviewer:  And this is your
625:  Right ear.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if somebody's mumbling you might say take that chewing gum out of your
625:  Your mouth?
Interviewer:  Okay. Now you might say somebody got a chicken bone stuck in his
625:  Throat.
Interviewer:  Okay. And what do you call this your this is called your
625:  Your neck.
Interviewer:  Alright. Um uh what about the you know what goozle means? Uh
625:  Yeah. {X}
Interviewer:  Okay what's that?
625:  That goozle right here. They call 'em Adam's apple too. Uh
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
625:  #2 {X} # {X} Yeah that's what they call the Adam's apple.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now you might have the dentist look at your
625:  Your uh your your pallet? Your uh throat
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  the dentist looks at your
625:  Your your your tongue your your mouth your throat and make your
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Hold your mouth you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  you chew with your
625:  The teeth?
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh say you you might go to the dentist and he says I've got to take out a
625:  A tooth out of your mouth?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what do you call this? This is the
625:  Palm of the hand.
Interviewer:  Okay and if you double it up you might make a
625:  Fi- fist
Interviewer:  And two of 'em you'd say you made two
625:  Two fists.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now what about any place where you bend your finger or your hand or arm you'd call that your
625:  {X} elbow.
Interviewer:  Yeah but any place where you'd bend you
625:  Joi- joint. {D: and uh}
Interviewer:  #1 okay. #
625:  #2 Call that # a joint.
Interviewer:  Now the upper men's part of his body is is
625:  chest.
Interviewer:  Yeah you might say he's got real broad
625:  Broad shoulders.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now uh Mr Moran, don't they measure the height of a horse in how
625:  By hand yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  How many hands high.
Interviewer:  Alright. Now if you got a pain in your toe maybe you say it ran all the way up through your through your
625:  Through the foot.
Interviewer:  In all
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 the way up through your #
625:  uh uh it went through my {D: foot there} of my leg.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now you say you have two {NS} two
625:  #1 three #
Interviewer:  #2 You got # one foot two
625:  two shoes.
Interviewer:  Yeah but if you got one you got one foot and you got two feet.
625:  T- two feet.
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay. Now um you might say I stumble over something in the dark and I bruised my
625:  #1 My ankle. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
625:  my ankle or my
Interviewer:  Yeah what do you call this area right here? Your
625:  My my leg? {X} the shin?
625:  #1 Shin #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
625:  #1 bone. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
Interviewer:  Alright. Um when you're squatting down you say you squatting down what do you call this area right here? You
625:  Oh the hip.
Interviewer:  No you might say you're getting down behind somewhere you're you're you're kinda you're doing what? If you if you're waiting for a friend to come by and you're gonna scare him you say you're
625:  You squat down.
Interviewer:  Squat down and and you call this your what? Your back here you might call this your
625:  Rump.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  your your okay {NW} alright.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Alright. {NS} Um let's see if somebody had been in bed for a while and you say they didn't look well uh they'd been sick but they just got up again you'd say he might he still looks kinda he looks a little bit
625:  He he look he still look a little bit {NS} pe- uh uh peaked but he he he I I think he'll pick up again.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Um but a person who's big and strong you'd call him you might say that he's
625:  A big robust man.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now what would you call a man who was real easy to get along with?
625:  Well he you uh you you you call him a good kind man.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  He's good natured.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Alright. Um now uh a boy who's say in his teens and he's apt to be knocking things over all the time this there are you know who's always tripping over things you'd say he was
625:  Rou- rough-and-tumble-guy. {NW}
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
625:  #2 Yeah. # Yeah.
Interviewer:  Yeah but if he didn't mean to do it, he always did it on accident you know?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  What would you say about him if he was if he was just a little bit
625:  A lil- little bit full of mischief.
Interviewer:  Well no if he if he didn't mean to do it you know he was always just accidentally bumping into things or
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 running over #
625:  be careless.
Interviewer:  Careless
625:  #1 careless #
Interviewer:  #2 or #
Interviewer:  Careless or you might say he was he was awkward or
625:  Yeah you could say he was jealous or awkward or uh not realizing what he was doing.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um {NS} now {C: tapping on microphone} a person who just did things all the time that didn't make any sense just never seemed to make sense you'd call {NS} you say he's just a plain
625:  Plain ignorant person. {NS}
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay you might say uh {NS} you ever just say he was just just a a outright uh maybe a you ever say fool?
625:  Well uh uh no personally I never did call anybody a fool, uh because I
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X} according to the Bible says not to call anybody a fool you know?
Interviewer:  Is that so?
625:  That's right. Thou shall never call a person a fool.
Interviewer:  Okay. {NS} Alright. Um {NS} well then would you have any other names you might {NS} you'd say well other names you might call him? Call a person like that?
625:  Well uh that'd that'd be a person that uh careless and not uh they might not realize what they're doing and not good uh sound judgment or something {X} a lack of little uh judgment. You know may- Maybe not {NS} necessarily normal you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  Maybe just a little off, not crazy but just be not normal.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  I've heard 'em talk of people like that, say that person is not normal but they at that time they'd be alright but then they uh at the same time you could tell that people {X} they wouldn't know what to be doing you see?
Interviewer:  Okay. Did you ever call somebody uh maybe they were just a little bit queer or anything?
625:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 You ever say #
625:  Yeah we had a yeah. That's what we called people there {X} like that you know? Queer you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {D: but}
Interviewer:  Um his i- when you say um he is uh he's a queer fellow he w- uh would you mean he's just a bit what? He's
625:  Well uh {X} I've heard 'em used a lot of times more uh than any other way to say he's a peculiar person.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  You know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Okay. Well gimme a few examples give me can you give me an example maybe of the way you'd use that word? You'd say
625:  Well you find somebody w- uh people that like uh uh not too many but you'd you'd talk to 'em about something it look like they're always uh would want uh would rather be uh a little bit uh different.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  That disagree with you. Like one time a a man told me about I was working for a man and another man was about to take his place. And he uh uh {X} and this friend uh about to leave he's he's uh retired. And this a guy he was uh he come there and he was hired by the big shot, the headman. {NS} And he was kind of peculiar. It'd take me too much to tell you about all but uh uh and this fella uh been working there with him for about fi- four years and uh he and I n- never had a cross word and he never told me I'd done anything wrong but and uh we was talking about it one day, he says you know what? He says he was he was a peculiar man, he says you got a need for a for a man like that. And I I say yeah, I said I can't what it is it's all uh I started to say it's arbitrary.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  He said he he says what the hell you talking about, {D: And I says} somebody uh just disagree with him and say he ain't different than anything you {D: want}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh later he went home, he looked in the office {X} dictionary he find, he come back and say's you right. That's what it is arbitrary, just different than anybody else.
Interviewer:  Okay and you might call a man like that you'd say he's just a little bit would you call him kinda queer or what
625:  {X} no I I'd I I'd call him a a l- a just different than any- body else, see? He's
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  peculiar it would be pecu- peculiar, uh more peculiar than ordinary of course.
Interviewer:  Okay. Would you ever use the word queer about somebody?
625:  Uh personally I don't remember that I ever did.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. What about a man who never spends any money? Never spends of his any of his money you'd call him a
625:  Oh they call him a a a tightwad.
Interviewer:  Okay. What about somebody who could was able to get money out of somebody else all the time, he'd be called a
625:  A a bum.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {NW} # {NW}
Interviewer:  Or or just a man who you know he had a lot of money of his own but he always just liked to try and get money outta other people you'd call him a
625:  I don't know, I never {X}
Interviewer:  You ever call him maybe a a
625:  I never
Interviewer:  Chisler or?
625:  I don't remember anybody had uh too much people that had little money trying to borrow something from anybody else. Unless it's some fellow h- uh had a little money {X} uh
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X} Uh most people now would know that they wanna borrow some money with somebody to drink whiskey with or something like that you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Okay. Now when you use the word common about a person, what would it mean?
625:  Well i- {NW} just common, ordinary they just uh {NW} {NW}
Interviewer:  Ordinary per-
625:  #1 Ordinary #
Interviewer:  #2 son? #
625:  person just like you know ordinary person you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  #1 common #
Interviewer:  #2 If you # said maybe a girl was was very common you'd #1 say #
625:  #2 Yeah. # Yes yeah, very common just like ordinary people {X} just common people you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now if an old man like you is still strong and active uh doesn't show his age people might say you're still
625:  uh
Interviewer:  still quite
625:  uh uh quite uh physical in good shape.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  #1 {D: Some of 'em} #
Interviewer:  #2 Di- #
Interviewer:  Did you ever have any adjectives you might use for it? You know you might say they're still
625:  #1 A lotta #
Interviewer:  #2 Still # real
625:  young a lotta life left in y- left in you uh
Interviewer:  Yeah or
625:  Or
Interviewer:  Still quite lively or
625:  #1 quite #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  quite uh
625:  Just qui- still getting around good for your age.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright um did you ever say maybe spry or? Quite ne- never used that?
625:  No if I was tell me you still uh look very active and young I've had people {D: not like} uh here lately that I've seen they still look good and get around good, I say yeah but I say you know looks uh s- uh {X} a look is deceiving sometimes.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  {NS} Okay. {C: tapping on microphone} Now uh {NS} if somebody he might say to you I don't want to go upstairs in the dark I'm {NS} I hate to go upstairs in the dark I'm
625:  Scared to go up there?
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh and you might say she's not she isn't afraid now but she {NS} she isn't
625:  #1 she she #
Interviewer:  #2 afraid now #
625:  #1 but she's #
Interviewer:  #2 but she's #
625:  afraid at night?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
Interviewer:  Alright. You ever say she the old gray mare, she ain't what she
625:  Oh yeah the old gray mare is not what she used to be.
Interviewer:  Al-
625:  #1 right. #
Interviewer:  #2 That's what #
625:  Uh there is a song played about that you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. I know, I bet you can play it on that violin too.
625:  I I I If I could think about it, I I know I could, I do know.
Interviewer:  Uh {NS} now you might say uh um {NS} she uh she's she's not afraid of the dark any uh wait you you might say I can't understand why she's so afraid she
625:  she uh uh afraid of the dark he's uh
Interviewer:  She
625:  she she's not afraid in daytime.
Interviewer:  Okay or well maybe uh she you might say now she's afraid of the dark but she
625:  She used to she wasn't afraid.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Um now if a man is very sure of his ways and never wants to change or never uh never wants to listen to anybody else you'd say he was
625:  He's an old grouchy.
Aux:  #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 Grouchy? #
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Yeah but you know if he was just he was real set in his ways and he never wanted to never wanted to listen to anybody else or or do something he always wanted to do it his way
625:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 you'd say he # was
625:  He he was contrary.
Interviewer:  Contrary? Okay. You might say he was obstinate or or
625:  #1 Well #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
625:  I've heard people call people that wouldn't agree with people call 'em contrary you know
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 and uh # uh just uh you different than anybody else and they'd
Interviewer:  #1 O- #
625:  #2 call # 'em contrary or disagreeable.
Interviewer:  Okay you ever hear 'em called stubborn or
625:  Stubborn, they call 'em stubborn yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Anything else any you know any other words along that line?
625:  Hateful.
Interviewer:  Okay. What would call a person you never could joke with without him losing his temper all the time? You'd say he he uh somebody loses his temper when they get when things get {D: wrong} real easily you'd
625:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 say # he's he's awfully
625:  He- he's awfully easy to get mad, he don't take can't take a joke.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 too # selfish
Interviewer:  O-
625:  #1 He's #
Interviewer:  #2 kay #
625:  too independent.
Interviewer:  Alright. Now you might say somebody like that you'd say uh I was just kidding him, I didn't know he'd get so
625:  Uh so so mad about it or get offended.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if somebody's about to lose his temper you might tell him you might tell him to just
625:  Just quiet down and uh
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  uh
Interviewer:  Or j-
625:  Be be calm. And
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 uh #
Interviewer:  Alright.
625:  Well now wait 'til you understand me good.
Interviewer:  Alright. Now if you've been working very hard all day you might say you you're very
625:  Very tired
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 and you #
Interviewer:  #1 You #
625:  #2 You #
Interviewer:  you're very very tired you just say you're all
625:  All give out.
Interviewer:  All give out okay. Um and uh you might say somebody's completely I'm just completely
625:  Relaxed.
Interviewer:  Yeah or #1 {X} #
625:  #2 or completely # completely give out.
Interviewer:  Okay. Or wor- or you
625:  #1 w- #
Interviewer:  #2 might say #
625:  worn out?
Interviewer:  Okay wo- worn out. Now if a women had been, I mean if a person has been quite well and suddenly you hear that they have taken some disease they they got some disease you might say last night they
625:  They they took they t- took sick all at once?
Interviewer:  Okay. All at once?
625:  Uh-huh yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now you might say somebody is sick now but they'll be well by
625:  by tomorrow, the next day.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Um or by
625:  By a few days a a week or so.
Interviewer:  Alright.
625:  It's
Interviewer:  Uh you might say uh if somebody sat in the {D: draught} or sat out in the rain and began to cough you'd say last night he
625:  He he he he caught a cold and made him sick.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now {D: if there thing in his voice} you'd say he was
625:  Hoarse.
Interviewer:  And uh you you might say {NW} I've got a little
625:  A cough.
Interviewer:  And uh then now you might say I better go to bed I'm feeling a little
625:  Little sleepy. {NW}
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh then the next morning you say uh I'll the next morning you'd you'd
625:  Uh I well {X} you uh uh I'll have s- {D: seen me down} about to get up I said I've I slept so hard last night I I I still feel sleepy.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 And # sometimes on the other hand sometime I I'd say I felt pretty good last night but uh I didn't I didn't rest too good, I slept didn't sleep too good.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now what if you were what if you were sleeping in there somebody would be in here they'd say well it's about time for him to to uh get up, I'd better go
625:  Uh wake him up.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 Call him. #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  Alright. Um if the patient if the medicine is still by a patient's bedside you might say to him why haven't you
625:  Taken your medicine.
Interviewer:  Okay and and he would say to you uh well yesterday I
625:  I forgot.
Interviewer:  No.
625:  Yesterday I took
Interviewer:  I took
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 some # and I'm going and I will and tomorrow I'll
625:  Take some more.
Interviewer:  Okay, can I turn the light on?
625:  Yeah that's right
Interviewer:  {X} alright. Um now a person a person who can't hear at all you'd say he was stone
625:  Stone deaf.
Interviewer:  Alright. Now a man begins to sweat when he's out in the har- hot sun you'd say by the time he'd finished he had
625:  {X} uh what, how does that end?
Interviewer:  If a person person begins to sweat while he's out in the hot sun you'd say by the time he's finished he had
625:  he's uh uh wet with sweat?
Interviewer:  Okay he had by the time he's finished he had sure s-
625:  Sweat a lot.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um uh you might take off your shirt and you'd say look how I look how much I
625:  I sweat.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now what would you call a a discharging sore that would come to a head?
625:  Call them a rising.
Interviewer:  A rising?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay and what would you call the stuff that would come out of it Mr?
625:  A core.
Interviewer:  #1 Core? #
625:  #2 {X} #
625:  Core uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Uh this stuff that you know the white stuff that might come out of the
625:  Of a a rising. And sometime you had to cut one open you know and they'd come a big core outta that.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  That stuff would ooze out it would
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  You call
625:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 that # the core?
625:  Core, you had to wait and you had to wait 'til they'd get ready to open it too you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  I had one on my leg there one time, right along here somewhere that and I was riding horseback.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  I had a horse and I I could uh uh get on the saddle and ride pretty good. It wouldn't hurt me. But uh when I went uh I was out in the woods looking at some cows, cattle and the when I got on it something or other the horse turned turned left with me. When he did it just throw me to the right. And I fell right on that thing and boy it popped. I heard it pop you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  When I got home I had to change clothes, all that stuff come out but I tell you one thing, the next morning it was alright. Yeah.
625:  It healed up. I found out that was the good way to s- uh get rid of 'em but I never did try it
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
625:  #2 {X} # {NW}
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if you got an infection in your hand and it got bigger your hand got bigger than it's supposed to be you'd say my hand
625:  Infection is swelling. {D: it's moving a lot}
Interviewer:  You say my hand did what? It it my hand just
625:  Got got sore and it just
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  swollen and {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. If it's not infected you'd say it wouldn't it wouldn't
625:  It wouldn't be uh it wouldn't be too bad if as long as it's not infected.
Interviewer:  Okay. What would you call the uh the water in a in a in a blister um inside the blister you get a liquid and it forms
625:  Well it it uh it well they form a type of kind of a bloody bloody sh- water you know?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {D: put 'em out}
Interviewer:  Alright. Um In a wound if a boo- in a in a excuse me in a if a bullet goes through your arm you'd say you got a
625:  A bullet hole through your arm.
Interviewer:  Yeah you call that a you call that a what a
625:  Well uh a a shot uh through through your arm.
Interviewer:  Yeah in a war maybe you'd get a bullet through your arm you'd say I'm I got me a w-
625:  A bullet through my arm?
Interviewer:  Yeah did you ever call it a wou- Wound?
625:  Wou- wound a wound yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. What was the kind of skinless growth that might grow on a wound and it's got to be burned out? Did you ever have any of that? You know did you ever
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 hear of # some kind of flesh?
625:  That's a war again
Interviewer:  No it's someth- kind of a skin growth that would you ever {NS} had
625:  #1 Oh yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
625:  You talking about a skin cancer?
Interviewer:  No um this was some kinda flesh you'd call it p- did you ever hear of proud flesh?
625:  Oh yes yeah proud flesh. Yeah. Yeah. We had uh they have to do something for that and then uh
Interviewer:  Okay um now if you got a little cut {NW} in your finger you might put what would you put on it, you'd put
625:  You uh put a little salve in the cut that'll ease it adhesive tape over it.
Interviewer:  Okay. What about a little brown liquid, you'd call that
625:  Oh mercurochrome? Or iodine.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now did you ever have to take anything, what was it you'd take for malaria?
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 You might # for malaria you might take what? What was that qui- did you ever have to take it?
625:  Uh uh I don't remember, it been so long I don't remember
Interviewer:  #1 Did you ever have #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  take quinine?
625:  Oh yes we used to take quinine fill that with capsule. #1 You know? #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. #
625:  {X} Yeah I forgot about that we I took a many of them
Interviewer:  Um now if a man was got ill and didn't recover you'd say he what he {NS}
625:  #1 You'd say #
Interviewer:  #2 He'd uh # the doctor did everything he could
625:  {D: And I} doctor did everything he could and then he couldn't couldn't save his life.
Interviewer:  Yeah you
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 say the man #
625:  couldn't get his well
Interviewer:  You'd say the man finally
625:  Died.
Interviewer:  Died okay. {NS} Um did you ever have any other words for that? You know maybe a crude word or something, you might say he well that old guy he finally
625:  He finally served his time well but he passed away.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now you might say uh he's been dead a week but nobody's figured out what he what he
625:  What he really uh what he really died with what had caused him to die.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now what do you call a place where people are buried?
625:  That's a graveyard.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh and the box people buried in
625:  Coffin. Casket.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh now you might say he was an important man, everybody turned out for his
625:  Fun- {C: unnatural speech} for his funeral?
Interviewer:  Okay. The people dressed in black you'd say they're in
625:  uh they're in mourn mourning. Mourning for the people.
Interviewer:  Alright. {NS} If somebody if you meet somebody on the street {C: tapping on microphone} and {NS} and he says well how are you today? If you're feeling just about average you'd say oh well I'm
625:  I'm I'm I'm feeling {NS} fine, how are you feeling? Now talking about mourning if they have to put a black uh uh sling around they're arm too you know? Like a coat or something like that a
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {X} #
625:  Put that around
Interviewer:  Yeah. {NS} I hear they don't do that as much anymore.
625:  No one even put it around a hat you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And people used to now they don't even wear black or nothing you know the {X}
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Whatever just an old custom but still it's not thinking it was a good one myself, I think the old uh uh it was bad that you had to quit it you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Um now if if somebody is uh is is troubled you might say oh it will come out all right. You might say oh it'll come out alright.
625:  Yeah everything will work out all right.
Interviewer:  Just just
625:  Take time.
Interviewer:  Just don't
625:  Don't rush it.
Interviewer:  Or don't well you might say don't uh or
625:  Don't aggravate too
Interviewer:  #1 It'll #
625:  #2 much? #
Interviewer:  be okay just don't you know don't wor-
625:  Work too hard.
Interviewer:  Or worry, you ever say don't
625:  Don't worry about it too much.
Interviewer:  Okay alright. Now the disease of the joints you call that what?
625:  Rheumatism.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Or uh uh they used to call it that, now they call it arthritis.
Interviewer:  Arthritis?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh what was that disease that folks would get they had children'd get it, you know real severe blisters in the throat?
625:  You mean a {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah no blisters in the throat get a blisters in your throat and uh they used to choke to death? D-
625:  Diphtheria.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Now what was the disease that made your skin turn yellow? {NS}
625:  Uh yellow fever.
Interviewer:  Okay. Yellow
625:  #1 uh #
Interviewer:  #2 Y- #
Interviewer:  your skin and eyeballs turn yellow you'd say you you got yellow
625:  Yellow fever.
Interviewer:  Well what about jau- uh did you ever get did you ever get
625:  Yellow jaundice. Yellow jaundice. Yellow
Interviewer:  Okay alright. Um if you got a pain down here you gotta have an operation you say you got what? You got a real big pain down here you know
625:  #1 It- #
Interviewer:  #2 when #
625:  it'd be a a uh be uh appendcit- uh uh apen- appendicitis way down there.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if somebody swallowed something that didn't agree with him you'd say he had to he'd have to do what with it, he had to
625:  Have to vomit or throw it up.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  Did you ever have any uh any crude na- words for that or you know any words about you can say you went to he had he ate too much lunch and he had to go in and and uh
625:  And throw it all uh throw it up.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Um which is the which is the more crude term vomit or throw up? You'd say
625:  Well uh I guess uh vomit would be most
Interviewer:  Most what? Most
625:  Most uh commonly you know and you don't
Interviewer:  Commonly used?
625:  Yeah. Common-
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 -ly #
Interviewer:  It would be more polite?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Um now if a person vomited you'd say he was sick
625:  To his stomach.
Interviewer:  Sick on his stomach alright. Um if if a boy comes home with a with lipstick on his collar his little brother says you've been
625:  He he he he's been loving a girl he's been kissing a girl or she been kissing him with red lip- re- red uh uh
Interviewer:  You might say they've been what? They've been
625:  Been uh uh loving each other.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {D: Or they} #
Interviewer:  Did you ever have any old-fashioned terms for it maybe?
625:  Well if if you see it on a boy's face you'd say you been kissing your girl with red li- lips.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  Alright. Now uh um you you might say a boy who's paying serious attention to a girl you'd say he's he's doing what with her, he's
625:  He's courting her.
Interviewer:  Courting her? Okay. Did you ever have any other terms for it? Maybe you know your grandmother might say well
625:  Well they they the the this this uh {X} her sweetheart you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 Sweetheart? #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {D: yeah and they'd be} #
Interviewer:  Okay and uh what was what did he call her? He is her
625:  {X} her
Interviewer:  She is his what?
625:  She uh his his sweet darling
Interviewer:  Okay and
625:  #1 {D: His darling.} #
Interviewer:  #2 what would she #
625:  Or girlfriend they they use that term yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {D: Girlfriend} they might say.
Interviewer:  What were what would she call him? He she he would be her?
625:  Uh her sweetheart. {X}
Interviewer:  Okay or or her
625:  her her boyfriend, they usually use sometime one to 'em but mostly now they use, they'll say it's my boyfriend you know?
Interviewer:  Now if a child was misbehaving you'd say to him if you do that again I'll
625:  I'll spank you.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if a if a girl doesn't want to marry a man what would she do with him, she's she doesn't want him you'd say she
625:  She tell him she don't want to get married or {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  Um did you ever have any uh did you ever have any words for it or you know she'd say she she just kinda what?
625:  Well I don't know if she just decided I guess she just decided she decided she wouldn't marry, she
Interviewer:  #1 Okay or #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  she'd turned you down or sh-
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 -e # what? She
625:  She turned him down cause she uh didn't know if she she ought to marry him or not.
Interviewer:  Okay. You ever say maybe she she {D: upted} him or
625:  Yeah. Well yeah maybe she sh- sh- {X} maybe sometime she decided well she didn't know if she really love with him she was {X} best thing to do is to not to marry him you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now uh what do you call that big noisy party maybe you have a big noisy thing for after a couple's been married you might get a bunch of people to come around the house and play a band or shoot off a gun
625:  Uh tha- tha- that's uh that's uh chivalry.
Interviewer:  #1 Chivalry? #
625:  #2 {X} # if it's {X} that you have a wedding and d- don't invite everybody {D: you see?}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Did it did it so it's often sometimes it might be you know the people that are made that that don't that weren't invited? {D: Threw out there that did that?}
625:  Well they they they they they'd end up mad that {X} real friends you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Sometime you know if if a couple of girls and get married but they don't they don't expect it and the the because they'd always have a whiskey at the house.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh {X} went off for a couple days. And they knew when they st- {X} always knew when they come back, as soon as they come back they'd get they'd uh they'd get ready that night and the next night they might give 'em a {X} time to prepare for it.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  But they could get ready and they knew it was gonna go and they'd have a big old tub {D: fill} somebody come round they'd g- gather round them, the first thing they'd do is they shoot a gun and then they'll shoot a rifle shotgun you know and go all around the house and all and shoot ring bell, hit tubs and holler and Used to hear it for miles. I got a uh I got a ca- uh {D: art fill} there that {D: sing me outta Bruin's} you could hear it five miles. And uh and uh I had my m- my daddy used to take it, my brother used to take it to chivalry you know? And things like that. And they'd they'd make racket you know? Then they'll they'd uh they'd make a few round they'd come at the door and knock and they and asked if we were gonna open it, we'd say no. They'd go around again. Well finally after a while there when they'd come they'd open the door said well put all your bells away and come on in and they'd have everything ready for them to eat and drink and you know? And the whiskey the wine and the cakes and everything.
Interviewer:  #1 Well I'll #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  be. Now uh
625:  {NW}
Interviewer:  If you're talking about seeing somebody in say in Jackson, Mississippi you'd say well I saw him where? Would you say I saw him
625:  I saw him in Jackson, Mississippi.
Interviewer:  Okay would you ever say up or
625:  I- up yeah I s- I'd saw him up in Jackson, Mississippi.
Interviewer:  Okay. When would you say you you saw somebody down in you might say
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 say I saw him in #
625:  down in in in New Rockport.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright or or you might say you saw him over you saw him where? You saw him did you ever did you ever see if you saw him in uh in you saw him say in in Vancleave you say you saw him
625:  Oh yeah I saw I saw him over in Vancleave or
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Uh over in {D: Wakin} something like that.
Interviewer:  Alright okay. Uh now what would you call you say there was trouble at the chivalry and the police came and arrested the whole you might say they arrested
625:  Well uh I know they s- uh never had knowed that to happen but they {D: give you they ha-} have {D: been uh} {X} they'd have to arrest the whole crew you know? Because
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 we # all, all implicated.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um did ya what would you call the thing where wo- young folks would go out to eat and then all get together, did you ever have any of those uh?
625:  Well uh I we'd have call that a party I guess.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  They might all get together and and do what? They'd all
625:  {D: Well} get together and go some of them play games or even get together and go to a place and have a dance. Used to be a school dance, you know?
Interviewer:  Okay. {NS} Did you ever play any you played those uh didn't you a lot?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Did they ever have any other names for 'em, those dances? A
625:  Well when I was a young boy up until uh uh people out in the country they could get out on a Saturday morning and they'd go to a place and ask them if they could have a dance there that night.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And they'd and they'd tell 'em alright, they maybe they had a big room and and uh people'd at one time they had pretty good size room there and they'd two uh uh {D: partition} a and uh it was easy to take partition out. And they'd make a big place for them to dance and they had rooms on the side you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh they'd go there and and used to let the words outta uh few places and by that night there'd be a lotta people there {X} would be a lotta people there and and uh they'd dance all night. But like myself, I played a fiddle and uh uh
Interviewer:  You never played a hoedown?
625:  Oh yeah. We know that I I'd I'd I call 'em {X} breakdown, square dance they call it.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And we you'd we there'd there'd always be five or six people could play the fiddle, somebody's taking the guitar. We didn't hire but nobody got paid but back then they they just played uh uh for fun you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And I seen 'em many time, I wished I never knew how to tune a fiddle. For I'd rather dance than to play you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  There weren't any wasn't too many people that could play and I had to play that made it bad you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah. What'd you call those? Uh you know where people would all get together and and have one of those things where you have a fiddle? You w- you call that a
625:  We used to call that a frolic.
Interviewer:  Frolic?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Yeah. Everybody'd gather there and you'd communicate and and uh and they had us one uh and on the s- on the sixth day of January they used to call that old Christmas Day.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And uh many time we'd have a dance on that night. And it never went by when I was a boy and uh uh {X} before I old enough to go to dances {X} for years even after we I was married. And while I was a young boy many time uh uh the girls would take a little piece of ribbon about that long and a pin and they'd pin it to a a boy's coat you know?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
625:  And uh they'd call that his uh that'd be her her king and she'd be the queen you know? And they'd get yeah they'd be get even couples they'd get eight, ten or twelve. Well right then the people would get together. And uh they'd uh they'd give these girls uh money, they'd make uh what they call teacakes. And they'd uh ma- and and they'd buy sugar coffee and some of 'em would make punch and things like that. And they'd have these teacake and coffee and punch, somebody didn't want to drink coffee, they'd drink punch. And uh a- all night we have enough uh uh of those things to last all night and when we danced all night long and then that night the first dance danced the square dance and of course the man the {D: gre- then then} girls would make a big old bow like that and pin it to the king the night of the dance you know?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  {X} they'd dance together for a square dance, the first thing they'd do and then of course then they'd dance with one another you know? But they they had that and the girls had one on 'em too to represent the who they were you see?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And then uh they'd they'd they'd pin that on s- on New Year's Day, I mean the sixth of January three or four week they'd find a place where they'll have a dance and they'd and uh get all that {X} have an and then dance all night, sometimes they'd drink coffee, they'd be alright and go home
Interviewer:  {NW}
625:  The people in the people used to enjoy themselves better than they do now but you tell some people there they'd think you were crazy.
Interviewer:  Really?
625:  Some people wou- would some people would walk three or four miles to go up to a dance the other day. Now then uh some people well they they couldn't join that and {D: going to these strumhouses uh uh now that's} uh {X} they don't enjoy themselves like we did when the uh we went to a dance like that. But you tell some people that night they think they enjoy themselves, they get in the car, they brought the girl, they {D: going over to the wheel, to the Kiln} to a dance and go some place you know and {X} all they do they spend their time with her in the car {D: going uh} in the car you know they call that a good time, you know? People used to enjoy themselves better than they do now. Cuz they'd walk three or four miles to go up to a dance, when the dance was over they'd go back home.
Interviewer:  Now uh if children get out of school at four o'clock you'd say uh at four o'clock school does what?
625:  C- close.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {D: Let's out.} The children
Interviewer:  Now uh after vacation you might say what time does school
625:  Start again?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now if a boy left school or or didn't show up for school for a class one day you might say he did what?
625:  He he uh uh he he he played uh uh
Interviewer:  Hoo-
625:  What? What? Uh he played hooky that day.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Hooky hooky alright.
Interviewer:  Alright.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Now you might say people go to school to get a
625:  Education.
Interviewer:  Alright. And uh after kindergarten you go into the what? The
625:  The {X} they go into {D: preliminary}
Interviewer:  Preliminary?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} # or uh I believe now they call it the first grade, {X} well back then they didn't and uh it started with prim- but now days they they'll after kindergarten they go to
Interviewer:  #1 To primi- #
625:  #2 {X} #
625:  To primary yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now the classroom has what is i- what do you have have in a classroom? You have The children sit in
625:  In desks.
Interviewer:  Okay. You might say somebody let him left a note on my
625:  My desk.
Interviewer:  Alright. What do you call the building where you keep books?
625:  Uh library.
Interviewer:  And you mail a package at the
625:  Uh the post office.
Interviewer:  Okay now in a strange ho- in a strange town you'd stay overnight in a
625:  Motel.
Interviewer:  Or a
625:  Or a hotel.
Interviewer:  Okay. You see a play at the what? At the What do you go to see a play at? Or maybe a
625:  Uh at a
Interviewer:  A movie?
625:  Movie theater or movie uh
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 Uh #
625:  ball ball game?
Interviewer:  Okay. Did you ever go to see a movie? What would you call that when you go see a movie?
625:  A picture show.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um you have a hof- an operation in the Where do you go to have an operation?
625:  Uh the hospital.
Interviewer:  Okay and who takes care of you there? You're looked after by the woman who is a
625:  A nurse.
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
625:  #2 {X} # I would've know I've had s- uh six of 'em. Six operations in my life.
Interviewer:  You have?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  What'd you have?
625:  I had two hernia operation, I had a gall bladder operation, I had a uh uh dropped retina in my left eye. Operation and uh and I had a cataract removed in my right eye and I've had a prostate operation.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now you catch a train at the
625:  Depot.
Interviewer:  Okay you might call that the rail the ra-
625:  Railroad.
Interviewer:  R-
625:  The railroad.
Interviewer:  #1 Railroad #
625:  #2 {X} # depot.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. What would you call an open place maybe in the middle of a city where right near the courth- court yard you know court- right near the courthouse? It was all green and uh had grass with trees around it?
625:  A a
Interviewer:  You have a name for that?
625:  A a a a
Interviewer:  The place
625:  Yeah
Interviewer:  #1 the center of #
625:  #2 uh #
Interviewer:  town around
625:  #1 yeah the #
Interviewer:  #2 the courthouse? #
625:  Uh wha- what do you call that I I I that's a uh my goodness alive. I I I don't I don't remember it. Don't know what that is, I can't
Interviewer:  You know old folks maybe get out there and
625:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 sit in the #
625:  Place for recreation area it's a it's a {X} I don't know, I can't think about things anymore
Interviewer:  You call it the townsq- town uh
625:  {X} uh uh uh town park? {X}
Interviewer:  #1 Park #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  or a squa- did you ever call it the public Okay you call it the park?
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Town #
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now if two streets cross like this like this and you started on the end of one street you know and you walked say you walked from from one street across through the other uh let's see if it's a vacant lot maybe uh we- uh say if if two streets cross and a man starts out at one corner of the streets and he walks across to the opposite corner of the streets you say he walks how?
625:  Uh across the way street? Or intersection?
Interviewer:  Yeah. Yeah you say the streets are like this and the man walks through 'em like that. Straight through the middle of 'em.
625:  {X} walks across the street?
Interviewer:  Yeah but how would you say he walked across the street? Would you say catty maybe you say walked catty-corner to
625:  Yeah. Uh well yeah catty-corner if he went across there yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  Alright. Now what'd you call those vehicles tho- those one that used to run from Biloxi and run all the way down to Gulf Port? You know, it had electric wire? Uh overhead.
625:  Streetcars.
Interviewer:  Streetcar? Okay. Now you might tell a bus driver in the streetcar uh if you're riding it you say the next corner's where I want
625:  Wanna get off.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now uh Gulf Port is uh uh Bis- of Harrison County, Gulf Port is the
625:  The the county seat.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Now # if you're an FBI agent you work for the
625:  #1 feder- #
Interviewer:  #2 federal #
625:  federal government.
Interviewer:  Okay. And the police in town are supposed to uphold law uh uphold
625:  city law.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 Up # hold the law of the city.
Interviewer:  Yeah they're supposed to the word order goes with it you're supposed to they're supposed to uphold la-
625:  Law.
Interviewer:  Yeah and then what would you say wha- order you know kinda, what do they say?
625:  Or- law and order?
Interviewer:  Okay. Now what do call the the war between uh the northern and the southern states?
625:  #1 Ci- #
Interviewer:  #2 A #
625:  Civil War.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now before they had an electric chair murderers were
625:  Hung.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  You might say the man went out and
625:  {X} and uh hung a man?
Interviewer:  #1 {D: They} #
625:  #2 They # got hung?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now uh what do you call that big state up there? Albany's the capital of it. The biggest city in the country is in is in where?
625:  Is in uh New York?
Interviewer:  Okay. And Baltimore is in
625:  Maryland.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now Richmond is the capital of
625:  Virginia.
Interviewer:  And uh Raleigh is the capital of
625:  South Carolina? Uh
Interviewer:  #1 No the one #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  north of that is It's a Carolina it's
625:  North Carolina.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now um what's uh uh Sherman marched across what state? He marched through uh this state has Atlanta in it. What state is has Atlanta in it?
625:  Uh
Interviewer:  Geo- It's it's two states across from here.
625:  California?
Interviewer:  No Atlanta is in what state?
625:  Oh Georgia.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Had to think of it.
Interviewer:  Now Tallahassee is the capital of the state uh th- goes down that peninsula down there. Near here.
625:  Geo- Florida.
Interviewer:  Okay and George Wallace is the governor of
625:  Alabama.
Interviewer:  Now Baton Rouge is the capital of
625:  Louisiana.
Interviewer:  And the Bluegrass State is
625:  I- Al- Alabama.
Interviewer:  No the one that's north of it north of it. Here.
625:  Uh uh Tennessee?
Interviewer:  No
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 just # north of Tennessee K- the Bluegrass State? Ke- It starts with a K.
625:  Kentucky?
Interviewer:  Okay. Now Little Rock is the capital of
625:  Arkansas.
Interviewer:  Okay. That's good. And uh what's the capital of this state?
625:  Uh Jackson.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now the two states to the directly to the west of us are first comes
625:  Uh Louisiana.
Interviewer:  And the second one is?
625:  Uh Tennessee?
Interviewer:  No we're the second one past Louisiana is Uh Texas? Okay.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Now Tulsa is where? In what state?
625:  Oklahoma.
Interviewer:  Okay. And Boston is in
625:  Baltimore.
Interviewer:  No Boston
625:  Maryland.
Interviewer:  No it starts with an M, that's close, it's up in Mass-
625:  Massachusetts.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {D: that's right}
Interviewer:  Now the states from Maine to Connecticut are called the of what? The New
625:  New England states.
Interviewer:  Okay. now the biggest city in Maryland is what? It was that city you were talking about, Ba-
625:  Boston.
Interviewer:  No Bal-
625:  Baltimore.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} # {X}
Interviewer:  #1 And #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  and the capital of the U.S. is ?
625:  Uh uh Washington, D.C.
Interviewer:  Alright. Now that big city in Missouri is uh called what?
625:  St. Louis.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now uh
625:  I landed there uh uh the second day going to Minnesota and coming back on the twenty-sixth I landed in St. Louis, Missouri.
Interviewer:  You did?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Hey. Now what's that big steel-making town in Alabama?
625:  Uh uh it's in Birmingham.
Interviewer:  Okay. And the place where Al Capone used to run the rackets that's called it's in Illinois, it's called Ch- That big big western city. Chic-
625:  Chicago.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now the capital of Alabama is Mo-
625:  Montgomery.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now what's that one on the on the gulf here? The uh
625:  The
Interviewer:  one on the gulf right next to us is no- it's past Pascagoula it's Mo- you ever
625:  Mobile?
Interviewer:  Okay. Now what do you call that big body of water south of us there?
625:  Uh uh the the Pacific.
Interviewer:  Yeah but it's the Gu-
625:  Gulf.
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh. #
625:  #2 {X} # Florida. South is the Gulf of Mexico.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what do you call that big resort city in western North Carolina? You ever heard of that?
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  #1 A- #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  You ever heard of Asheville?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  What what's the name of that city? Can you pronounce it for me? North Ca- A- You ever heard of Asheville?
625:  Yeah I believe I did uh {X} I I can't remember exactly but I guess that what it is
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Now uh can you tell me some of the cities in Tennessee you know about?
625:  Well Memphis, Nashville
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 and # uh
Interviewer:  What about Chatta- you ever
625:  Chattanooga?
Interviewer:  Okay, you ever heard of Kno-
625:  Knoxville.
Interviewer:  Alright.
625:  Tennessee.
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay and Georgia uh you know any cities in Georgia? What about one by the sea there in Georgia? Sa-
625:  Near Augusta. And uh
Interviewer:  You ever heard of Sa- Sava-
625:  Savannah, Georgia?
Interviewer:  Yeah Ma- Maco-
625:  Macon, Georgia. I've been through there, I've been through
Interviewer:  Colu-
625:  Columbus. I've been through Columbus.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Georgia.
Interviewer:  Alright now on the Ohio River there are a couple of big cities, one is Cin-
625:  Cincinnati.
Interviewer:  Okay and the other one is where they run the Kentucky Derby that's Lou-
625:  Lou- Louisville.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um uh now one of the biggest Protestant the biggest Protestant church in the south is what? It's the Bap-
625:  Baptist.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh if two people become members of a church you'd say they just
625:  Uh uh joined joined the church.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now uh in church we all pray to
625:  God.
Interviewer:  Okay. And the preacher delivers preaches a a
625:  Sermon.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now som- somebody might say I don't go to church to hear the sermon, I go to listen to the
625:  The preacher.
Interviewer:  Or I don't
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 go to # hear the sermon, I go to listen to the what? The You might sing a hymn and you'd call that the The The mu-
625:  Music? Music yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. And you say that you might say that that service, that preacher sure preached a beau-
625:  Beautiful sermon.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Now if you had a flat tire you had to change a flat tire on the way to church one Sunday morning you might say church will be over
625:  When we get uh uh tire changed and get to church.
Interviewer:  Time I get the tired changed, okay. Now the enemy and the opposite of God is called the
625:  Uh the the uh the the idiot
Interviewer:  The who?
625:  The idiots and uh
Interviewer:  No. uh The enemy and the opposite of God. D-
625:  #1 Well #
Interviewer:  #2 Be called the # De-
625:  The uh The Devil I guess.
The:  Okay. Did you ever have any other names for it?
625:  Old Satan.
The:  Okay. Um now people at night, they might see things that'd frighten them something you'd say the what would you call them? You know white things maybe?
625:  Oh th- they call them ghosts.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {X} # Yeah. But there's no there's no so such thing as a ghost, you know?
Interviewer:  Oh really?
625:  No there's no there's no such thing as that.
Interviewer:  You know there are a lotta folks from down around this area that that claim they get picked up by 'em or they
625:  I know. But uh
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
625:  #2 {X} # I think a lot of them is in their head. {X} they believe in one of those things.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um you might say if you had a dream at night you say uh I can't remember what I
625:  I I I I can't remember what I dreamed. I had a dream but I can't remember and th- and that's the truth too, I get to where I dream I can't {D: like that} Here lately I make some dreams I really don't don't remember 'em well.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Yeah. {D: I make something that I can't remember.}
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if there's a lonely house out in the dark you know or people think strange noises come from it at night you'd say the house was
625:  Was haunted.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um you might say to somebody if you insist I'll do it but I'd I'd
625:  I'd prefer not to.
Interviewer:  Or I'd ra- I
625:  I'd rather not.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um Now what would you say to a friend that you hadn't seen him in a long time?
625:  I'm sure glad to see you. It's been along time since I saw you.
Interviewer:  Okay. Or uh if somebody owned a lot of land uh uh you might say uh he he owns five-hundred acres of land you might say he owns a
625:  A a a lo- a uh a lotta land.
Interviewer:  Okay did you ever did you ever say hear right smart or
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  Some might say he owns a
625:  Uh yeah, some people say he own right smart of land.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Now if you wanted to say something more enthusiastically than yes you might say why
625:  Why of course.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh or
625:  With joy.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what would you say to a to a uh you're introduced to a stranger, how would you meet him? You might say
625:  I alw- I usually always says uh uh good to meet you. It's
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Mighty glad to meet you.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  #1 I think #
Interviewer:  #2 Now #
625:  uh uh uh one of the best words to say uh always practice. Meeting in a a person, I think about the best thing you could tell a person, it's really good to meet you.
Interviewer:  Okay. And if you see an old friend and you're inquiring about their health you might say
625:  How have you been doing?
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if if somebody had come to visit you and enjoyed you enjoyed their visit you might say come
625:  Come back again, I really enjoyed having you.
Interviewer:  Okay. And if you saw what would you say to somebody if you met 'em on Christmas, you might
625:  I'd
Interviewer:  You say to 'em
625:  I'd first say I I I s- good morning. I wish you a merry Christmas.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. And then on the first of the year you'd say
625:  Uh I'd s- same thing I say good good morning I w- I wish you a happy New Year.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh now any way of anyway something you might say uh something you might say by way of appreciation besides thank you? You might say I'm much thank you, I'm much
625:  You don't know how much I thank you for
Interviewer:  Alright
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 did you ever say # I'm much obli-
625:  Much o- much obliged to you.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Yeah. Yeah much obliged to you.{C: mumbles}
Interviewer:  Okay. Now um if you're not sure whether you're gonna have time to do something or not you might say well I'm not sure but I
625:  I I'll try my best.
Interviewer:  Or I think or I s- sp- I What?
625:  I think I'll probably be able to do it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Um you might say I gotta go downtown to do some do some what?
625:  Some shopping.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh you make a uh a purchase, the storekeeper takes a piece of paper and he
625:  He he and he puts that thing down then total it up. Make a l- make a list of it.
Interviewer:  Yeah but if you're gonna give a gift to somebody the storekeeper takes a piece of paper and he
625:  Oh he wraps it up good.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  And uh when you get home with the package you might you might do what?
625:  I might {NW} fix it up good and
Interviewer:  Okay and you'd give that to that person and he he what's he doing? He 'un- he
625:  He uh open it up and see what's in it.
Interviewer:  Yeah. But in the to open it up you might say he unwra-
625:  Unwrap it.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  Now if you had to sell something Mr Moran say at that Full River Grocery for less than you paid for it
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 you had # to sell something for for less than what you paid for wha- you say I had to sell it
625:  At a reduced price.
Interviewer:  Or if it if
625:  #1 Discounted. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
625:  Or discounted.
Interviewer:  Okay. It cost you in other words you had to sell it for less than you
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 paid #
625:  #1 yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} # I had to sell it
625:  Well for less than I paid for it.
Interviewer:  Or uh you might say um you were selling it
625:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Below
625:  Below cost.
Interviewer:  Okay. um now you might say uh I admire that or I- I'd like to buy that but I think it it just it's a little too
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 expensive # it it
625:  A little too expensive.
Interviewer:  It uh it co- it what?
625:  It cost too much.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now time to pay the bill {D: what is it} you say the bill comes bill is
625:  It's due the first of the month?
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if you belong to a clu- club what do you have to pay? You have to pay your
625:  Your dues. Monthly. Monthly dues.
Interviewer:  Alright. Now a banker might refuse a loan to somebody he'd say money is just uh these days money sure is
625:  Ha- hard to get hold to. Borrow.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Or borrow.
Interviewer:  Money sure is scar-
625:  sure is scarce
Interviewer:  Okay. Now uh you might say um what would you do if you wanted to get across a lake? You'd take you might run to the edge of the lake and you
625:  You'd have to take a boat to go across it.
Interviewer:  Well if you didn't have a boat you'd say you had to run {X} you'd run to the ledge of the lake and you'd jump and
625:  And and swim {C: telephone ringing} swim across. And s- and s- {NS} and swim a- {NS: telephone ringing}
Interviewer:  Well uh uh
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  a little bit. {X} Hell I don't know any Fr- you know French?
625:  Sure uh {D: studied} French all my life uh she asked me uh uh sh- she asked me I was {D: young I said ah and she had me to} She asked me did it rain the other day, I said "no" I says I g- I told her I had to come there, called her right back. She said alright.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um alright. Now uh if a boy say puts his his head between his legs and jumps off the ground you say he turns a he does a what? He
625:  Tu- a tumbleset.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um okay now you did you ever have uh something you might pay your bill yo- you when somebody paid their bill on time some storekeepers might give 'em a a present? What'd they call that?
625:  Uh
Interviewer:  If you pay your bill on time some storekeepers might might give you a little present for paying it on time.
625:  Yeah uh what uh well they
Interviewer:  They call it a lagniappe
625:  Oh oh lagniappe yeah.
Interviewer:  Yeah?
625:  Yeah. Yeah.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  I I had forgot that been so long since I heard that word forgot about it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now talking about swimming you'd say the children liked to
625:  Liked to swim.
Interviewer:  And uh in the big creek I have often times I have
625:  Swim in the creek.
Interviewer:  Myself. #1 {X} #
625:  #2 Myself. #
Interviewer:  #1 #
625:  #2 #
Interviewer:  Alright. Uh you might say somebody wanted to get across the river so they they did what? They
625:  They swim across.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now speaking of diving in you might say he ran down the springboard and he
625:  Dived in the water?
Interviewer:  Dived in the water and lots of boys like to like to
625:  Like to dive off of
Interviewer:  #1 Off of that #
625:  #2 springboard. #
Interviewer:  board.
625:  A springboard they call it.
Interviewer:  I've seen nine or ten of 'em
625:  Going right after the other
Interviewer:  #1 dive #
625:  #2 just #
Interviewer:  They like to dive in okay.
625:  I've seen 'em climb about thirty foot up in the tree and and uh and dive uh down in there. {D: Cold}
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  #1 Twenty feet #
Interviewer:  #2 Um #
Interviewer:  If somebody got caught in a whirlpool maybe and they didn't get out you'd say what would happen to 'em? They'd get
625:  {D: They}
Interviewer:  They got what?
625:  They they got caught in the whirlpool.
Interviewer:  {X}
625:  They it's hard for 'em to get out of it.
Interviewer:  Yeah if he didn't get out he just ca- he went down for the third time you'd say he he got
625:  Drownded.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now what does a baby do before it's able to walk? How does it get along the floor? It just
625:  Uh it has to crawl around a little bit, when they get down to where they can
Interviewer:  Okay. Now you might see something up a tree, if you want to take a closer look at it you'd go up to the tree and you'd you'd
625:  Cli- climb up o- climb up a {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Now um you might say last last week I saw I saw a coon up that tree and I I
625:  I climbed up.
Interviewer:  Climb up to get it?
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  you say but uh that big old tree over there, I've never never in my I've never in my life have I
625:  Been able to been able to pull up.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Now um when you walk up to the alter you what do you do? You
625:  They generally hold hands together
Interviewer:  #1 Before you #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  walk up to the altar you say she walked up to the altar and she she what? She walked to the altar and to pray and she
625:  Kneeled down?
Interviewer:  Okay, she kneeled down to pray. Okay. Um if you're feeling tired you might go into your room and you say I'm gonna
625:  Relax. Lay down lay down and
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
625:  #2 relax #
Interviewer:  Okay. Now um you might say somebody if somebody was sick that all morning he'd just he stayed his bed or he
625:  been uh in bed all morning
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 Stayed # sick.
Interviewer:  He lay he just
625:  Laid in bed all day.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  {NW} Now talking about something in your sleep you you you saw in your sleep and you say this is what I
625:  This is what I dreamed?
Interviewer:  Okay. Often when I go to sleep I dream but I can- when I wake up I can't remember what I'd
625:  Uh
Interviewer:  What I dreamed.
625:  Often I I s- I'll dream and after I wake up I can't remember what I dreamed.
Interviewer:  Okay. You might say I dreamed that I was falling but just before I hit the ground I
625:  I woke up.
Interviewer:  Alright.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Now if you bring your foot down real heavy on the floor like this you'd say you were doing what? You were
625:  Knocking on the floor.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah or #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  s-
625:  #1 {D: you want} #
Interviewer:  #2 you we- #
625:  stomping hard on the floor.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  I'll
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
625:  #2 tell # you what I dreamed. I used to dream but I haven't dreamed in a long time. I dreamed that I'd be out on top of the house trees all around and thought to myself, how in the world am I going to get down? And then this I talked to myself oh yeah I just fly down, I'd get down and I'd fly I'd fly over the people like that and I'd holler and then uh boy that's the easiest sailing thing I ever had in my life. And I'd holler and they'd be looking at me and I'd just fly all over around there. The best feeling I ever had in my life, I had. Been a y- long long time since I dreamed that.
Interviewer:  Really?
625:  Yeah. I'd I
Interviewer:  #1 That's a #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  beautiful feeling to feel like you're flying, isn't it?
625:  I'd I'd realize I was on top of the house talking to myself. How did I get here? And I'd just {D: tuck off and leave} I'd tell you i- if that's the {NW} best feeling in dreaming you'll ever have.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. It is kinda quite a feeling.
625:  Did you ever dream that? {NW}
Interviewer:  I used to dream that I flew, yeah.
625:  You did?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Oh Lord, that's that's a good feeling.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now to get a boat up on land you'd take a hold of a rope and you you
625:  Pull it up.
Interviewer:  Okay and
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 then # to get it back out in the water you'd take it
625:  You'd push it out.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um if a man meets a girl at a dance and he wants to go home with her he says may I
625:  May I take you home?
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Uh if you carried something a long way you say man I really I just I
625:  Just give out, my shoulders giving out.
Interviewer:  Okay but did did you ever have a one other word for you say I lugged it or I
625:  {X} {X} Oh yeah you
Interviewer:  #1 Put that #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  bag on my shoulder
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 and I #
625:  I lugged it all the way.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Now if the chi- if a child's getting near a hot stove you might say to her you might say that stove is very hot so
625:  Stay away from it.
Interviewer:  Okay or uh speaking you didn't want him to touch it you say didn't want 'em to touch the stove you might say
625:  Don't put your hand on that, don't touch it's hot.
Interviewer:  {NW} Alright.
625:  Speaking about that uh uh carrying something a long way remind me of a fellow one ti- {D: in high school} went to s- store w- store over there he had a quarter of a hog, you know? And uh he brought it there and he put it down says uh you {X} says that's heavy. He says uh what you talking about heavy? Didn't weigh but forty-five pounds. He said yeah but it wasn't heavy when I left home, he said you let it stay on there for a while. Wouldn't last me when I g- left home with it I {X} {D: still that's still bother way more}
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
625:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if you needed a hammer you might say to somebody
625:  Well uh uh do you know where my hammer is? Or go get me a hammer.
Interviewer:  Okay. Or go br- go did you ever say if you knew if you knew where it was you say you say to somebody you'd say to a kid {D: you're} sitting out there run
625:  Ru- run and get my hammer.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um uh now at the end of a football field what do you call those big uh things that would stand up at the end of a field? You call them the what? The
625:  The goal. Goal.
Interviewer:  Okay. You might go out wi- and uh take a ball and you'd throw the ball and you'd ask somebody to
625:  Catch it.
Interviewer:  Okay. You might say I threw the ball and he
625:  Uh and he caught it.
Interviewer:  Alright. I ha- I'd been fishing for trout but I haven't
625:  I haven't caught any.
Interviewer:  Alright. Now if you and I go to town and uh i- you might I might say if I get there first I'll
625:  I'll wait for you.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now say you talking uh you punish a child or or you punish somebody that's working underneath you he comes up to you and says I'll be good if you'll just give me give me another
625:  Ano- another two minutes to
Interviewer:  Yeah okay, just give me one more
625:  Chance.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  One more chance.
Interviewer:  If a man's in a very good mood you say he's in a good good somebody's got a smile on his face, he's in a pleasant
625:  He's he's a pleasant condition.
Interviewer:  Okay. Humor or
625:  Good humor.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Good humor.
Interviewer:  Now if you got a hired man who keeps on loafing and everything you might say to a friend of your's you say I think I'm gonna get
625:  I'm gonna get rid of him.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh now somebody might might not know what was going on but he he didn't know what was going on but he what? He acted
625:  Acted like he did.
Interviewer:  He acted like he did, okay. Um if somebody stole your pencil you might say he what? He uh did you ever have a name for it?
625:  #1 He #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 slang # name?
625:  He swiped my pencil.
Interviewer:  Swiped my pencil, okay. Uh um you might say to somebody uh well you sure got a better memory than I do because I just I sure
625:  Sure can't remember that.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh okay you sat down with a pencil and paper and you might get a letter and you might you say I just I wr- I what? I I
625:  I j-
Interviewer:  I got
625:  #1 {D: it just} #
Interviewer:  #2 piece of # paper and I
625:  #1 Just #
Interviewer:  #2 I #
625:  wrote a letter.
Interviewer:  Okay I just wrote him a letter. Yesterday he he wrote me a letter and tomorrow I'll
625:  {D: I ran to} I'll write him a letter.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh on the envelope you put you put the guy's
625:  #1 na- #
Interviewer:  #2 what? #
625:  uh his name and address.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Post office.
Interviewer:  You say I want to write to somebody. Do you know his
625:  Uh his name and address?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now if a little boy learns something new say maybe he learned how to whistle and you didn't you didn't kno- know where he learned it you'd say who who uh who
625:  who who who learned you how to do that?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um if you're if you're thinking about doing something or you're intending to do something you might say somebody might say when you going to uh to the Kiln? You might say well right now we're we're what? We're
625:  We're uh uh doing something. We're busy, we can't go right
Interviewer:  Yeah but you might say you'd made you'd made plans to go to the Kiln you y- you might say well uh um right now we're we're what? We're somebody might ask you when you're when you're going somewhere, you say well I'm not going uh now but uh I
625:  {NW} I I to I have to go later.
Interviewer:  Okay or I'm I intend to or I
625:  I intend to or I plan on
Interviewer:  O-
625:  #1 going later. #
Interviewer:  #2 -kay. # Plan on going later, okay. Now what would you call a little kid who who used to tell on people all the time? He was called a
625:  Tattle-tale. {NW}
Interviewer:  Alright. If you wanted a bouquet for the dinner table you might uh you might go out in the garden and and what would you do? You'd
625:  Cut some flowers and lay 'em put 'em in the uh vase put a little water in
Interviewer:  Okay.
Interviewer:  You'd you'd pick 'em or you'd okay. Uh what would you call something a child might play with?
625:  Well uh a ball for one thing.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah but #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  something you know just any any little thing he might play with a
625:  Toys.
Interviewer:  Toys okay.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  If something was gonna happen and you thought you just you were afraid something was going to happen and uh it finally happened you might say well I you might say
625:  I
Interviewer:  What?
625:  I I I was afraid that was gonna happen.
Interviewer:  Okay, I just
625:  Just thought thought it would.
Interviewer:  Okay I
625:  I
Interviewer:  Or I just
625:  Knew it was gonna happen.
Interviewer:  Okay. {NS} Um {NS} um {D: tapping on microphone} now you might say to somebody uh what time does the show
625:  Gonna be tonight?
Interviewer:  Yeah what time does the show
625:  {D: Start} gonna take place uh s-
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 start # tonight.
Interviewer:  Okay. You know what time say uh and and somebody might say oh it it ten or fifteen minutes ago it
625:  {X} it al- started a- it already started.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. What what about be you know something uh begi- would you say what time does the show b-
625:  Uh what is the time the show begin?
Interviewer:  Okay. And he says it it it started it must've it must've
625:  Started at
Interviewer:  Or it must've beg-
625:  Been nearly over.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh now somebody might ask you, why are so out of breath? And you say I was feeling so happy I r- all the way home I
625:  I I I w- I w- walked so fast. {D: Tell me}
Interviewer:  Yeah or if you if you walked if you did more than walk fast you
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 say you #
625:  Run.
Interviewer:  You-
625:  Yeah. I I run home.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Run all the way home.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now uh you might say two people are are always mad at each other whenever they get together every time they meet they just they always
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  A-
625:  {X} fighting?
Interviewer:  Okay, they're always
625:  They wanna fight.
Interviewer:  Okay. {D: tapping on microphone}
625:  Or getting in fights. {NS}
Interviewer:  They they ever since they were small they
625:  Fight every time they'd meet. Okay. Now uh somebody uh if somebody got mad real mad at somebody they'd pull out a big knife and they'd Uh {NW} {D: stack} at 'em. Cut 'em.
Interviewer:  Okay. You might say he he got a big knife and he s-
625:  Stab him.
Interviewer:  He stabbed him with it? Okay.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Now uh {X} somebody might come in the room uh the teacher might come in to look at the blackboard and see a funny name or a picture on the blackboard she'd say who
625:  Who wrote this on the blackboard?
Interviewer:  Or who dr-
625:  #1 Who #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
625:  drew this picture?
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay now if you're gonna lift something from uh uh from the top of the barn you might get a a block and tackle and you'd what? You'd
625:  You'd pull on the {X} pull on the chain, it'd pull it up.
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 It would # {D: har- harness} hoist it up.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Uh now if you lived in town all your life and somebody asks you have you lived here long? You might say why I
625:  I I've lived here all my life.
Interviewer:  Or I've a- You ever say al-
625:  I've always lived here.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Now you might give your wife a you might give somebody a bracelet and you'd say why don't you
625:  Why don't you wear it wear it? {X}
Interviewer:  Why don't you you know she's you asked her to if you wouldn't ask her to take it off you'd say why don't you
625:  Put it on.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Alright. Now somebody might say to you can you do that and you would say why sure I
625:  I've I've done it before I know how to do it.
Interviewer:  Uh my sister my sister she
625:  Sh- she knows how to do it too.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Um now uh couple more questions here. Um let's see now the number after twenty-nine is
625:  Thirty.
Interviewer:  And the number after thirty-nine is
625:  Forty.
Interviewer:  And the number after after sixty-nine is
625:  Seventy.
Interviewer:  Number after ninety-nine is
625:  be a hundred.
Interviewer:  Number after nine-hundred-and-ninety-nine is
625:  A thousand.
Interviewer:  And ten times a hundred-thousand is
625:  A a million.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if there are a line of men standing uh the the man at the front of the line you say he's the
625:  He's the headman.
Interviewer:  Or the
625:  Or the leader.
Interviewer:  Okay you say if you're speaking of the men in line you'd say he's the
625:  He's the first man.
Interviewer:  Okay and the man after him is the
625:  Second.
Interviewer:  Then comes the
625:  Third.
Interviewer:  And then the
625:  Fourth. Fifth. Sixth. Seventh. Eighth. Ninth, tenth.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Oh.
Interviewer:  Um sometimes you'd feel your good luck comes a little at a time but your bad luck comes your bad luck
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 just comes #
625:  {X} hard when they come.
Interviewer:  Yeah it just comes
625:  All at once.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if you say something more than once you would be saying it
625:  Twice or more.
Interviewer:  Okay. Okay can you can you say the days of the week for me?
625:  I believe I can
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Uh uh Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday S- Sunday
Interviewer:  Okay. Now what do you call the what does sabbath mean?
625:  Sunday. Must keep holy the remembering what's {D: beautiful} {X}
Interviewer:  Yes.
625:  Su- uh holy uh Sunday the
Interviewer:  You must keep the what? The s-
625:  Uh s- Sunday uh uh holy sabbath day.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now
625:  Sabbath day holy I mean.
Interviewer:  Okay. Can you can you say the months of the year for me?
625:  Oh I believe I can.
Interviewer:  {NW}
625:  I said 'em a few times in my life.
Interviewer:  Alright.
625:  January February March April May June July August September October November December.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now what do you call the part of the day before noon?
625:  Uh m- mo- morning.
Interviewer:  Okay. And the the part of the day after noon is called the
625:  {NW} the evening or afternoon.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Now if you get up before the sun comes up to start work you say you start work at
625:  {NW} a- at at at daylight. Before the sunse- before sun up.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh you might say what time did the sun rise this morning? You say the sun At six oh clock the sun
625:  Rise.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 Say the # sun sun rise at six oh clock.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh we were a little late this morning, we got out in the field and the sun had already
625:  Come out?
Interviewer:  #1 Sun had already #
625:  #2 Shi- shine # uh shining.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if you worked until the sun went out of sight you'd say you worked until
625:  {D: Uh} sun went down.
Interviewer:  Okay or s- or #1 what? #
625:  #2 {X} # {D: w- went went uh} got dark?
Interviewer:  Okay. You'd call that sun what? Sun-
625:  Sunset.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now today is Sunday so Saturday was
625:  The day before Sunday.
Interviewer:  Which was
625:  Yesterday.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if somebody came today is Sunday if somebody came say not last Sunday but Sunday the Sunday before that you'd say he came the Sunday
625:  Two weeks.
Interviewer:  Okay. You say he came here Sunday what? Not last Sunday but Sunday
625:  Sunday a week
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  a week ago.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now if somebody came on the first and stayed until about the fifteenth you'd say he stayed what?
625:  A half a month? Or fifteen days.
Interviewer:  Okay, did you ever call that a fortnight? Did you ever hear it called a fortnight?
625:  No.
Interviewer:  Alright. If today is Sunday then Monday will be
625:  The next day.
Interviewer:  Or to- did you ever say
625:  The following day.
Interviewer:  Or t-
625:  Or tomorrow.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now um what do you look at uh what do you look at on your on your wrist? You look at your
625:  Watch. See what ti- time of day.
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh if you asked wanna know what time of day was you might ask somebody
625:  What what time do you have?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now midway between seven oh clock and eight oh clock is
625:  Is uh half uh uh half past seven.
Interviewer:  Okay. And if it's ten forty-five you'd say it's
625:  Uh uh quarter to eleven.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um if you've been doing something for quite some time you might say I've been doing this
625:  For a long time.
Interviewer:  Okay. Or for quite
625:  Quite a quite some time.
Interviewer:  Okay. And you might say the farmers got a pretty good crop last year but they're not gonna have such a good one
625:  This year.
Interviewer:  Okay. If something happened on this day this day last year you'd say it happened exactly
625:  A year ago today.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now you look up in the in the sky and if it's a bad day you say you see a bunch of
625:  Uh clouds.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  In the sky.
Interviewer:  What would you call it in a day when it was real nice and the sun was shining?
625:  A bright day.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh a nice day
625:  #1 nice #
Interviewer:  #2 or #
625:  nice beautiful weather.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Would you ever say it's # fi-
625:  Fine day.
Interviewer:  Okay. And on the opposite kind of day when it was all overcast you'd say it was just a
625:  Cloudy and bad weather bad-looking weather.
Interviewer:  Okay. A gloomy day or?
625:  Yeah. Gloomy bad day.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if the w- if it's been fair for some time and the clouds come and you expect you know as the weather's starting to cha- uh change you say the weather is is what? It's
625:  It's cha- it's it's changing.
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  Weather's changing.
Interviewer:  Okay. But if it's been cloudy and uh and the clouds pull away and the sun comes out and you say it's
625:  Clearing up
Interviewer:  It's fair enough.
625:  {D: that's a}
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 {X} # gonna have nice weather.
Interviewer:  Now what would you call a real heavy rain that lasts only a short time?
625:  Uh a just a l- uh uh a a hard rain {X} {D: where it starts} just on a short while.
Interviewer:  Okay. Did you ever call it a just a
625:  Downpour.
Interviewer:  Okay, downpour?
625:  Downpour.
Interviewer:  #1 Now if it had #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  thunder and lightning with it you'd say it was a
625:  Real hard rain.
Interviewer:  Thunder and lightning though
625:  {X} it's thunder and lightning and and just a downpour. {X}
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {D: good rain}
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it when it had thunder and lightning with it what'd you call it? A when it had thunder and lighting with it.
625:  S- s- stormy weather.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh you call it a s- uh a storm?
625:  Storm a it's thunder and uh thu- thunder and lightning and raining.
Interviewer:  Okay. Did you ever get any bad winds around here?
625:  Oh yes.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Okay. You might say yesterday the wind
625:  {D: Was} it was blowing hard?
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {D: Yeah.}
Interviewer:  Uh the that wind was bad but it is it is even in recent years it's it's even
625:  Even been worse, we've had more wind through here {X} two-hundred-and-ten miles an hour.
Interviewer:  You mean the wind the wind blew the wind it it what it?
625:  In sixty-nine uh the hurricane coming outta uh outta the Gulf uh the wind went here {D: reached it} two-hundred-and-ten miles an hour.
Interviewer:  Is that so?
625:  That's that's a fact, you can put put that on that record.
Interviewer:  Did you lose your any any possessions or anything from that?
625:  Well uh I had a a when I moved from uh Hancock County over there, I had forty-nine {D: band} pecan trees.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And and every one of 'em was down and uh the w- the wind was coming from the south but they had uh they had tornadoes in that and and every one of those trees blowed down and they headed straight south.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And I lo- uh every one of my pecan trees broke down.
Interviewer:  Huh.
625:  {D: And the some of 'em joined uh} close by there the- there was an {X} barn there big smoke something calls it but they the the register here to pay for it uh st- uh uh the {D: red civway} said the wind was blowing two-hundred-and-ten miles an hour. {X} Worst wind we ever had here.
Interviewer:  {NW} Wow. that's that's really bad.
625:  They put a uh they put a big old steel barge up there on the front uh street and {D: the preacher done base and} {D: Gulfport} here.
Interviewer:  Huh? Really?
625:  They had to bu- they had to build a sand uh big old sand uh hill around it all around it to to to s- to s- s- {X} send it back in the ocean.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  Yeah. {X} nowhere they could move it.
Interviewer:  Good grief.
625:  {D: I didn't} tell uh hauling all the sand bag all around it and {D: they} done everything, they put water in it and flowed it out there.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now if if somebody if you if you heard- if you if you thought you you something went on over there you thought you a noise was going on you might say you might ask me did you did you
625:  Did you hear that racket out?
Interviewer:  Okay. And I'd say yes I yes I I might say yes
625:  #1 Yeah. #
Interviewer:  #2 I #
625:  Yeah I heard it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh now speaking of uh your troubles you might say well if if you if you had some troubles you were telling me about uh you might say well I my troubles too I I
625:  Tro- I I had trouble too but I don't know if you can help me with 'em.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if a woman wants to buy a dress of a certain color she might take along a little square piece of cloth to use as a
625:  Sample just like she wants to use
Interviewer:  Okay. If she sees something she likes a real lot she might say why that's a very
625:  Unusual?
Interviewer:  Or very that's a I really like that dress it's really
625:  Really beautiful.
Interviewer:  Really pr-
625:  Pretty.
Interviewer:  Okay. What might a woman wear in a in the kitchen around her? Uh around her dress?
625:  An apron.
Interviewer:  Okay. And to sign your name in ink you use a
625:  Ballpoint pen now.
Interviewer:  Okay. To hold a baby's diaper you use a a a what? A A safety
625:  Safety pin, now they have little clip they put on 'em you know? Something they put on it but they usually uh still use some of 'em use pins you know?
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 Safety # pin.
Interviewer:  Um now a dime is worth is worth what? It's worth
625:  Ten cents.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now uh uh let's see a cup you use to drink from in a pump or a well it was it was made out of what? What metal? It might be made outta
625:  Ti- uh tin. And {X} uh I have seen 'em made outta gourd {X} with a handle and they scrape 'em out go- good and clean and then they'd use that for drink from {D: a round bucket}
Interviewer:  Okay. Um now uh you might say that boy is spoiled, when he grows up he'll have his trouble or he's
625:  He'll he'll ha- he'll be in trouble all his life.
Interviewer:  Or he's he'll have trouble like like {D: he's not} or say he'll have trouble
625:  He he'll he'll get he'll he don't change, he'll get in bad trouble.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now uh what would you s- what would you when you get rid of all the brush or the trees on a land you might say you did what? You
625:  Cleared the land?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um what would you call the second cutting of clover or grass? The old dead grass that's left on the top maybe.
625:  Well uh you you generally have cut hays and second or third time you you clip it you y- cut it the second third time.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Okay. Um did you have what about a crop that hasn't come up? I mean you didn't plant it that year, it just came up. What would you call that?
625:  Well that'd be uh uh uh {X} some of it would would be uh ha- hay or
Interviewer:  Did you ever call it a
625:  #1 wheat. #
Interviewer:  #2 vol- # Yeah did you ever call it volunteer?
625:  A volunteer weed a uh something
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Now wheat is tied up into a a what? You ever know what wheat was tied up into?
625:  Wheat uh in bundles.
Interviewer:  Okay. And the bundles {D: or a sheath} they're piled up into a what?
625:  {X} A bundle of what?
Interviewer:  A bundle or a sheath is piled up into a a what? A
625:  I don't know a
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  bundle uh uh A {X}
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  You speak uh when you speak of how much wheat you raised to an acre you say we raised forty
625:  Forty bushels to the acre.
Interviewer:  Okay good. Now what do you have to do with oats to separate the grain from the rest of it? You have to
625:  {X} does it a a a {D: corn binder} up before they cut it you know?
Interviewer:  What does it do? It it it {X} it
625:  It it there's a thing that roll and it comes out and it takes all them seeds and uh and hits it uh on a conveyor there that takes it in the back and then it takes it all the way and put it in a in a in a truck come in behind.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And
Interviewer:  A- and you say it's doing what? It r- it's you say it gro- uh
625:  It it's it's uh made uh thing that {X} made on a big roller and it it uh when it rolls like that it hits the uh it just knocks that and there's something under it. Under there that when it hits it and knock them seeds from it it falls in the on the on the conveyor there and that thing keeps throwing 'em in there, rolling it and bring it to a truck in the back.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
625:  And then they get that truck loaded, they unhook it and they hook another one and someone take that and then bring it to to to put it in the {X} {D: bins} {X}
Interviewer:  So to separate the do you have to thrash it you say? You say oats?
625:  Yeah.
Interviewer:  Oats?
625:  They they they thrash it with a a {D: combine} they call it.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Now if you and another man have a job to do when you told him about it you'd say you and
625:  You and I?
Interviewer:  You and I got this job
625:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 to do and #
625:  {D: just} {D: do it}
Interviewer:  And you say this job is for it's for
625:  For us to complete.
Interviewer:  It's for it's for both it's for what? For
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  All two of us? Or both of us?
625:  For both of us to to
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
625:  #2 complete. #
Interviewer:  Alright. Now uh comparing how tall you are you might say he's not as tall as
625:  As I am.
Interviewer:  Okay. But uh then now you say I'm not as tall a- I'm not as as
625:  Tall as you are.
Interviewer:  As
625:  As he #1 {D: is} #
Interviewer:  #2 Or # Okay as he is okay. Now comparing how you might do something you might say he can do it better than
625:  I c- than I can.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. If something belongs to me you say it's
625:  It b- it belongs to you.
Interviewer:  Okay. If it belongs to both of us you say it
625:  Uh uh it it belongs to both of us.
Interviewer:  #1 You say it's #
625:  #2 Or it's ours. #
Interviewer:  Okay.
625:  It's ours.
Interviewer:  If it belongs to them you say
625:  It belongs to them.
Interviewer:  Okay it's
625:  It's their it's their's.
Interviewer:  Okay, if it belongs to him you say
625:  It belongs to him. It's his.
Interviewer:  And if it belongs to her you say
625:  It's her's.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now uh people come to visit you and they're about to leave, you might say now blank come back now or
625:  Well
Interviewer:  You're speaking of you're speaking to all of them you might say
625:  {X} y'all come back s- and see me again.
Interviewer:  Okay alright. Now uh um if somebody's at a p- you've been at a party and it's starting to leave you you might ask about where your hat is you might say where all your hats are, you'd say where are
625:  My ha- where's my hat?
Interviewer:  Okay. Um asking about the people at the party you're asking somebody about a party, maybe you weren't there you might say uh {X} uh blank was there? Or
625:  Who who was there?
Interviewer:  Or okay.
625:  Who all was there?
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if you're asking about a speaker's remarks you might say blank did he say? Or
625:  What did he say? Or did they have to talk about?
Interviewer:  Okay. Now if nobody else will do something you'd say he has nobody else will look out for him you say he has to look out
625:  #1 uh for #
Interviewer:  #2 for him- #
625:  himself.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Um you might say uh if somebody gave you a book you might say that's the book you
625:  You asked me for.
Interviewer:  No. You might say
625:  {X}
Interviewer:  if somebody
625:  uh that's the book you wanted wanted to give to me?
Interviewer:  No. Somebody g- uh a present was sent to you you might say and they came over to your house later on you might say that's the book you you
625:  You gave me?
Interviewer:  Okay. And you might say I'll when I finish with it I'll
625:  Give it back to you.
Interviewer:  Okay, because you have so often before you have
625:  #1 You #
Interviewer:  #2 you #
625:  uh you been nice to me and let me have a book to read.
Interviewer:  Yeah and here other there are many other books that you have
625:  Uh let me read.
Interviewer:  Or
625:  Uh uh
Interviewer:  y-
625:  uh use le- loaned to me to read?
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Uh if you didn't know where a man was born you might ask where does he
625:  W- whe- where do you come from? Where were you born?
Interviewer:  Okay. And uh somebody might say well last night he it on the train he he last he {D: why didn't} he get on the train last night? He
625:  He went to sleep?
Interviewer:  No. Speaking of you you might ask him where he comes from you say last night he blank on the train. He
625:  He uh he he told me w- train where he's from?
Interviewer:  No. You'd say maybe he what? Speaking of how where a person comes from you say he
625:  He can- he told me where he came from?
Interviewer:  Yeah he came in on the train okay.
625:  Came on the train.
Interviewer:  Okay um now speaking of of uh whether where you know seeing people you might say uh uh I a few minutes ago I s-
625:  I saw some
Interviewer:  I saw her outside okay. And you say I hope to
625:  To see 'em again.
Interviewer:  Okay we we s- this year we this year we
625:  We
Interviewer:  we
625:  w- have been together
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
625:  #2 quite a # bit.
Interviewer:  Um we saw you a lot last year and this year we
625:  Oh this year we didn't see you too much.
Interviewer:  Okay. We okay. If you can't get through there the highway department's got their machines in and the roads all
625:  Tore up, you had a detour.
Interviewer:  Okay. Alright. Um if it wasn't an accident then you might say he did it
625:  Accidentally?
Interviewer:  if he didn't do it accidentally he did it
625:  Yeah purposely.
Interviewer:  Okay. Uh