657X:  Have some accent, but I don't think it's very #1 strong. #
657X:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  Um well I think compared to some other people I think well you have {D: more of an} accent when you {NS} for instance.
657X:  Is that right?
Interviewer:  mm-hmm uh What would you #1 call a? #
657X:  #2 {D: Now you see} # he didn't speak French as much as o- a- as much as I did. Although a bunch of French people here would not know this {B}.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  He was {B}.
Interviewer:  mm mm-hmm
657X:  And when I first met him I asked him if he was of the {B} and he said You know nobody has asked me that in #1 years. #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: Oh mm} #
657X:  I haven't. And it turned out then that we had #1 a mutual ancestor. #
Interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm # Um When young people go out on the floor and move around to music that's a?
657X:  Dance.
Interviewer:  Do you have a special name for a dance at home or party at home?
657X:  uh {NW} Yes there- well you have a- a- a house party house where you invite just certain you call it, we call that a soiree
Interviewer:  mm mm-hmm Uh you said a four o clock school does what?
657X:  Lets out.
Interviewer:  And in the fall school does what?
657X:  Closes.
Interviewer:  Well it not the fall it would close in the spring.
657X:  But it well here we close uh here we close in uh in the spring yes and in the summer.
Interviewer:  So what happens in September it?
657X:  In in September school takes in.
Interviewer:  Okay. If a boy left home to go to school and didn't show up you'd say he? #1 {X} #
657X:  #2 Played # hooky.
Interviewer:  And uh what if he was in college he?
657X:  I don't know I wasn't in college.
Interviewer:  K. Um you go to school to get a what?
657X:  #1 To get an education. #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: mm} # #1 And after high school well after #
657X:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  kindergarten you go into the?
657X:  Into the grades.
Interviewer:  Alright. Then uh the teacher sits behind a?
657X:  A desk.
Interviewer:  And each all the children have their own?
657X:  Th- their own desks.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm A building especially for books is a?
657X:  A library.
Interviewer:  You mail a package at the?
657X:  Post office.
Interviewer:  You stay overnight in a strange town in a?
657X:  In a hotel
Interviewer:  #1 Yes. #
657X:  #2 or a motel. #
Interviewer:  You see a play in a?
657X:  At a theater.
Interviewer:  An operation in a?
657X:  Hospital.
Interviewer:  And the lady that looks after you is?
657X:  Is a nurse.
Interviewer:  And you catch a #1 train at a? #
657X:  #2 {NW} # At the railroad station.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm #1 And then an #
657X:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  open place in a city maybe around a courthouse where the where the grass and trees grow?
657X:  Is a park.
Interviewer:  Alright. If you're crossing the street and you don't go straight across but you go at an angle that's walking?
657X:  Diagonally.
Interviewer:  Alright suppose there's a piece of furniture that's not sitting against the wall but sitting across a corner?
657X:  I don't know.
Interviewer:  Do you know the term kitty corner or catty corner?
657X:  I heard of catty corner yes.
Interviewer:  mm-kay mm-hmm And then the vehicle that runs on tracks and has wires is a?
657X:  Is um{NS} a- a street car.{NS}
Interviewer:  #1 mm-hmm #
657X:  #2 {D: the street car} uh #
Interviewer:  #1 And then you say to the driver that corner is where I? #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} #
657X:  Want to get down.
Interviewer:  And if the cat run over to the door and meowed you'd say the cat? {D: what?}
657X:  The the cat wants to go out.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm uh Then the the main town in a parish would be called the?
657X:  The the uh parish seat uh o- or a county seat.
Interviewer:  Would you use county seat for the #1 Louisiana? #
657X:  #2 And # frequently use county seat when they're referring to the parish seat.
Interviewer:  #1 mm-hmm #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} # #1 {X} #
657X:  #2 County # s- seems to go better with seat
Interviewer:  #1 mm-hmm #
657X:  #2 {D: than parish.} # Do you know why we got the name parish?
Interviewer:  No.
657X:  Because when du- during the colonial times the churches were established in certain places and the the uh population came along where the church was and uh each church was a- was a parish. There's you still find parish churches in uh
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  Catholic and Episcopal
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  church if they have a #1 parish. #
657X:  #2 {NS} # Well when the ca- time came for a for dividing up the state into counties and {X} the first constitution called them counties.
Interviewer:  mm
657X:  But they were the counties were had been built around the area that was governed by the church parish.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  And so that's and so one of the later legislatures came up and said that we should call them parishes and that would make it more distinctive which was what they were historically.
Interviewer:  #1 mm-hmm #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} #
657X:  So that's why we have Saint John's Saint James Saint Charles Assumption
Interviewer:  #1 mm-hmm #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} #
657X:  Ascension and one uh Uh my uh captain in the first world war asked me what did they assume that they called the place assumption? I said well since you're not Catholic I'll tell you what it is {X} in uh celebration of the assumption of the blessed virgin Mary in #1 in Heaven. #
Interviewer:  #2 mm mm-hmm #
657X:  And he said well that that's {X} we have ascension where Christ #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Yes. Uh-huh. #
657X:  and then the other's all by saints.
Interviewer:  #1 mm-hmm #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  #1 mm-hmm #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  #1 What's Orleans #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} # #1 parish? #
657X:  #2 Orleans # was named for the Duke of Orleans.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm mm-kay
657X:  Rotten ra- rascal
Interviewer:  #1 he was #
657X:  #2 {NS} # and uh If uh if you don't mind I'll tell you that we have uh we have uh two streets named in New Orleans for the royal bastards. The sons of Louis the four- uh Louis the fourteenth.
Interviewer:  mm
657X:  {C: French Name Toulouse} and uh and uh {C: French Name}
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  No {C: French Names Toulouse and Dumaine}
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  Now we call the street Dumaine which is wrong. It should be main street
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  because when you say the {C: French phrase} you're saying the duke of the main.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  And it should be but they these Americans called it {C: Dumain} #1 {NW}. #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh. #
657X:  And the duke of main and the count of Toulouse were illegitimate sons of uh Louis the fourteenth.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  And when the streets were named they they first had Saint Louis Saint Ann Saint #1 uh Saint Phillip #
Interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
657X:  and uh then they ran out of patron saints they decided to {NW} {X}{NS} illegitimate dukes
Interviewer:  #1 mm-hmm #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} # There's nothing wrong with that.
657X:  No.
Interviewer:  Uh let's see the an F B I agent would work for the federal?{NS}
657X:  Government.
Interviewer:  Uh-uh. A police is supposed to maintain?
657X:  Order.
Interviewer:  Or an? Well you you try to obey the?
657X:  {NS} {X}
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  #1 Um the #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  #1 war between the north and the south is called the? #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} #
657X:  I call it the civil war and most people do.{NS} But the daughters of the confederacy call it the war between the states.
Interviewer:  Yes. Uh.
657X:  But you see since I had a I had a great grandfather in the federal army and a grandfather in the in the uh confederate army. I feel that it was definitely a civil war.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm mm-hmm Um before they had the electric chair murderers were?
657X:  #1 Hung. #
657X:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  Alright. These are some cities and states which I'll run over very quickly {D: if} Albany is the capital of?
657X:  New York.
Interviewer:  And well Annapolis is the capital of?
657X:  Maryland.
Interviewer:  Richmond?
657X:  Virginia.
Interviewer:  Raleigh?
657X:  North Carolina.
Interviewer:  Columbia?
657X:  South Carolina.
Interviewer:  Atlanta?
657X:  Georgia.
Interviewer:  Tallahassee?
657X:  Florida.
Interviewer:  Um Montgomery?
657X:  Alabama.
Interviewer:  Now the bluegrass state is?
657X:  Kentucky.
Interviewer:  The volunteer state?
657X:  Tennessee.
Interviewer:  The show me state?
657X:  Missouri.
Interviewer:  Little rock is the capital of?
657X:  Arkansas.
Interviewer:  Jackson?
657X:  Mississippi.
Interviewer:  The lone star state?
657X:  Texas.
Interviewer:  Tulsa is in?
657X:  Oklahoma.
Interviewer:  #1 Boston is in? #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} #
657X:  Massachusetts.
Interviewer:  The states from Maine to Connecticut are the?
657X:  New England states.
Interviewer:  Uh the biggest city in Maryland is?
657X:  Baltimore.
Interviewer:  The capital of the United States is?
657X:  Washington.
Interviewer:  Uh the biggest city in Missouri is?
657X:  Saint Louis.
Interviewer:  The old historical seaport in South Carolina?
657X:  Is Charleston.
Interviewer:  The big steel making town in Alabama?
657X:  Birmingham.
Interviewer:  The big city in Illinois?
657X:  Chicago.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm Capital of Alabama?
657X:  Is is Montgomery.
Interviewer:  And the one on the gulf is?
657X:  Mobile.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm Uh resorts in in western North Carolina?
657X:  Western North Carolina would be Asheville.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  Yes. {NS}
Interviewer:  Do you have somebody here?
Auxiliary:  We need to go to the airport.
Interviewer:  #1 Yes at four thirty. #
657X:  #2 Yes #
Auxiliary:  Taxi is here.
Interviewer:  Well it's only four thirty. We're not ready.
657X:  It's only four fifteen. And we're having a grand time so.
Auxiliary:  Okay whatever I was just to let you know.
657X:  #1 {D: This is uh, this is-} #
Interviewer:  #2 {D: Thank you very much. Would you let me know?} #
657X:  This is Paula {NS} is the very efficient secretary.
Interviewer:  How do you do glad to meet you I'm Susan {B} Uh let's see the oh we just got Asheville didn't we? Two big cities in east Tennessee are? Knoxville and Nashville and Memphis. And one more beginning with a C in east Tennessee.
657X:  In east Tennessee? There's Knoxville and uh Chattanooga.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm Um the biggest seaport in Georgia is?
657X:  Savannah.
Interviewer:  And the capital of Georgia?
657X:  Is Atlanta.
Interviewer:  Do you know of two other very large cities in Georgia?
657X:  Well there's uh Macon
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  and
Interviewer:  One right on the Alabama line in south Georgia?
657X:  In south Georgia there's uh I don't know I know west point {X} #1 and then {X} #
657X:  #2 {NS} #
657X:  #1 uh #
657X:  #2 {NS} # {X} in Alabama. And uh in south Georgia.
Interviewer:  It's the same name as the man who discovered America supposedly. Christopher?
657X:  Columbus.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  Columbus, Georgia. I didn't think Columbus was such a big place.
Interviewer:  It's not that big but there's not much in south Georgia that is big.
657X:  No.
Interviewer:  Uh. Let's see then the #1 big #
657X:  #2 I should # know Columbus because they do um they had big mobile company
Interviewer:  #1 mm #
657X:  #2 there. #
Interviewer:  The biggest city in southern Ohio? It's in?
657X:  Ohio would be #1 Cincinnati. #
Interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm # And the biggest city in Kentucky?
657X:  Would be Louisville.
Interviewer:  And Dublin is the capital of?
657X:  Of Ireland.
Interviewer:  Paris?
657X:  France.
Interviewer:  Moscow?
657X:  Russia.
Interviewer:  Okay let's see. The uh biggest denomination in the south is?
657X:  I would say the Baptists.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm I think so. And if two people become members of a religious body you'd say they?
657X:  They are uh they are members of the of the church.
Interviewer:  When they become members they do what?
657X:  Oh they are baptized.
Interviewer:  Alright. Uh the in church you pray to?
657X:  #1 Pray to God. #
657X:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  And um the preacher delivers a?
657X:  A sermon.
Interviewer:  And the choir and the organist provide the?
657X:  The the hymns the music.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm And if you wanted to compliment the organist you might tell him today the music was just?
657X:  Beautiful.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm And the enemy of God is the?
657X:  Satan.{NS}
Interviewer:  #1 There's another name. #
657X:  #2 Devil. #
Interviewer:  Any other name for him?
657X:  Satan the devil or the uh well I- isn't that bad enough?
Interviewer:  #1 Yes there is {NW}. #
657X:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #1 Anything you would #
657X:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  tell children was going to come and get them if they were naughty?
657X:  The devil's gonna get ya.
Interviewer:  Alright how about boogeyman or boogeymen?
657X:  Oh boogeyman he's he's th- he's is not in the bible though.
Interviewer:  Is he the devil?
657X:  {NW} No he is not the devil. We consider him as being some strange creature who uh scare who scares children
Interviewer:  #1 and who can #
657X:  #2 mm-hmm # who would be bad for them to come in contact with. But I don't think he's the devil.
Interviewer:  mm Uh then what are things that are supposedly in grave yards that scare people?
657X:  Ghosts.
Interviewer:  And a house that had ghosts in it?
657X:  Haunted.
Interviewer:  Alright. Um {NS} If something shocking were reported to you you might say why the very?
657X:  The very idea.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm And what would you say to ask someone about his health a friend?
657X:  How are you feeling?
Interviewer:  And if you're introduced to someone what would you say?
657X:  {D: That I'm} pleased to meet you or uh.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm alright. If you'd enjoyed someone's visit you might say to him please come?
657X:  Please come back again.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm What do you say as a greeting on December twenty fifth?
657X:  Merry Christmas.
Interviewer:  And um on January the first?
657X:  Happy new year. {NS}
Interviewer:  And you might say I have to go downtown to do some?
657X:  Shopping.
Interviewer:  Alright. And if you made a purchase the storekeeper took a piece of paper and he?
657X:  Gave me a bill or
Interviewer:  Well he in he put the purchase in the paper.
657X:  Oh he'd wrap the.
Interviewer:  #1 And then you #
657X:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  when you got home you?
657X:  Unwrap it.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm And uh if you sold something for less than you paid for sold it the less than you paid for it you're selling it at a?
657X:  At a loss.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm Um and on the first of the month the bill is?
657X:  #1 Due. #
657X:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  #1 And you have to pay your you belong to a club you? #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} #
657X:  #1 Gotta to pay your dues. #
657X:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  #1 Okay if you had no money you might go to a bank and try to? #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} #
657X:  #1 Buy or make a loan. #
Interviewer:  #2 And # the banker might say meaning there's not much money money is?
657X:  Money is tight.
Interviewer:  Or it's? Meaning there's it's almost gone money is?
657X:  Well money is short.
Interviewer:  Or scarce?
657X:  Scarce.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm Um if you dived into the water and landed on your stomach flat you'd say that's a?
657X:  Belly buster.
Interviewer:  What if you're a little boy put his head down on the ground and rolled over that's a?
657X:  Make a somersault.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm And if uh you bought something the storekeeper gave you something a little extra he'd say that's for?
657X:  That's for lagniappe {C: French} here
Interviewer:  #1 Yes that's a a good Louisiana term. #
657X:  #2 {NW} # #1 Yes. #
Interviewer:  #2 What # does a baby do before it can walk?
657X:  Crawl.
Interviewer:  Alright. #1 Um #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  #1 {D:let's see} I'm going to #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  #1 I have to skip over some of this because we're about to go in just a minute. #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} # If a man uh asked met a girl at a party and uh wanted to escort her home what would he say? May I?
657X:  May I uh see you home or and if he wanted to come back he'd try to make a date.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm And if you {D: there's} a little boat you wanted to get on land you'd tie a rope to {D: it and}?
657X:  {NW} and pull it
Interviewer:  mm-hmm {X} If your car was stuck in the mud you'd get #1 behind it and? #
657X:  #2 And # push it.
Interviewer:  Yes.
Interviewer2:  {X}
Interviewer:  Good okay. If the children were about to get too close to the stove and it was hot you might say don't what?
657X:  Don't d- don't touch the stove or watch out.
Interviewer:  Good um if you needed a knife you might say to me go?
657X:  Go get
Interviewer:  mm-hmm If you're playing tag or hide and seek what is the tree or thing you would touch #1 to be safe? #
657X:  #2 Base. #
Interviewer:  Okay. Um If we were going to meet somewhere you'd s- I'd say if I get there first I'll?
657X:  I'll wait for you.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm If a child is trying to escape punishment he might give me another?
657X:  #1 Chance. #
Interviewer:  #2 mm # And if he always sees the point of the joke he has a good sense of?
657X:  Of humor.
Interviewer:  And if there's somebody you really you really would wish would go away you'd say I wish I could get?
657X:  Get rid of that guy.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm #1 Um #
657X:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  If uh you wrote somebody a letter you'd say it's {X}?
657X:  An answer.
Interviewer:  And then you might write on the envelope you write his?
657X:  His address.
Interviewer:  Did you ever hear of anybody say {D: back the letter} to mean address the letter?
657X:  Well I've heard that but very rarely.
Interviewer:  What do they usually say?
657X:  Uh u- u- back the back the letter and they seal it in
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  to to send it off.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm Does that mean address the letter?
657X:  Well I thought it was not so much that as to s- seal it.
Interviewer:  mm oh okay. Uh what would one child call another child who told on him?
657X:  Tattletale.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm If you wanted to get a bouquet for your dinner table you'd go out in the garden and?
657X:  Uh pick flowers.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm #1 What would you call something a child plays with? #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} #
657X:  #1 A toy. #
657X:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  #1 Have you heard that called a play pretty? #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} #
657X:  No.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  #1 Um mm #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} # I have a feeling that in view of time that we will need to call it a day. I certainly thank you very much for all your help.
657X:  Well I enjoyed it I hope you got something out of my chatter.
Interviewer:  Yes ver- very good. uh-huh all
657X:  But uh I was wondering if uh probably you shouldn't talk to someone who is still decidedly more French. Or do you find I have an accent?
Interviewer:  I think you have some accent.
657X:  Yes but not not very great.
Interviewer:  #1 Not terribly no certainly #
657X:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  very fluent English.
657X:  But uh
Interviewer:  {NW}
657X:  this uh this man that I know he's president of a big sugar company.
Interviewer:  mm
657X:  And he comes from Lafayette Louisiana which is where the southwestern Louisiana uh university is. But uh he was uh came up in a French family he speaks French.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  #1 Also some Spanish #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
657X:  but uh his speech is is very very interesting #1 The way he pronounces and his intonation #
657X:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  mm-hmm It would be nice if we could interview some more people #1 but we're really #
657X:  #2 {D: Yes} #
Interviewer:  have got to stop at this point.
657X:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Because well we really should have finished all our interviewing several years ago The New Orleans sample just needed some more. #1 So that's the reason I've come to do the interviews here. #
657X:  #2 {NW} # There was a a girl who lived in um #1 in Daphne Alabama which is right across from Mobile. #
657X:  #2 {NS} # And uh she was from Scotland #1 and I #
Interviewer:  #2 hmm #
657X:  told her I said for goodness sake never never lose your Scotch burr because it's so charming. It it it was was delightful to hear her speak. And I said I hope you never lose it and if you could only transfer it to your kids it would be
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  It would be so nice. But the mi- great misfortune of New Orleans is that we have practically given up French. #1 {D: It is} time to restore it but #
657X:  #2 {NS} # it's nothing like the natural French that I learned at home that all the friends I all the people I went out with you see the great The sad thing about it is that for many years uh the creoles live within a close area
Interviewer:  #1 mm-hmm #
657X:  #2 in # #1 in the city. #
657X:  #2 {NS} # And their associations socially and business and so on was uh close. And as the city spread out and they began to move to other parts of town. They lost the contact.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  The church I used to go to uh downtown was uh uh used for the the cross section of creole society there uh on uh Sundays. But it's all gone.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
Interviewer2:  What church did you go to?
657X:  I went to Saint Augustine. on uh on um #1 {X} #
657X:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  But one day I wanted to go to mass on a Saturday in order to have Sunday free and I went there. And I was the only white face in the place.
Interviewer:  Oh mm-hmm mm-hmm
657X:  It's gone entirely black.
Interviewer:  #1 mm #
657X:  #2 And it was a # beautiful church. and was designed by one of the great architects of New Orleans uh {C: name of the architect} {D: designed th- th- this} {X}
Interviewer2:  What French do you think influenced uh the development of the language here? Other than the {X} French and German.
657X:  Well th- the Spanish left very little impact on us. Um because uh you find there are few for instance Spanish tombs in Saint Louis cemetery. But uh the the uh French the French impact was complete. And {NW} the the uh I don't know I would say that they there was an influence from the
Interviewer:  #1 blacks or the {X} languages #
657X:  #2 {NS} #
Interviewer:  #1 because they have a a dialect all their own. #
657X:  #2 {NS} # Now when my grandmother {X} {D: uh was running her house} she could speak this black patois (C: French}.
Interviewer:  mm
657X:  And she could also talk to the Cajuns but she was educated in French.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  And in the family we always spoke French. My father and mother all their conversations were French. At my father's uh family as I told you these those old ladies spoke a French that was just beautiful it was French academy. And uh that's where we learned our French from people who spoke the real French. Now you have some few people here there's a family of {X} {B} that still still uses French as the family language.
Interviewer:  mm mm-hmm
657X:  And uh but very few very few you find people with essentially French names who haven't uh no a word of it.
Interviewer:  mm
657X:  And yet they tell me that my grandfather spoke French. That's no credit to you at all. {NW}
Interviewer:  {X} It's
657X:  #1 I'm very I'm very happy that uh #
Interviewer:  #2 {NS} #
657X:  my grandmother was a captain. When she said something it went. Well that was the matriarchal uh society. The uh the uh women of the family operated the house the men worked on the outside they would uh they brought in the money and they did the work. But the house was run strictly by the women.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm
657X:  It was I think a matriarchal society {D: in that day} which is good.
Interviewer:  mm-hmm Well again thank you #1 very much #
657X:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  #1 Now we must go #
657X:  #2 {D: Yeah} #
Interviewer:  #1 catch our flight. #
657X:  #2 I could talk all night. #