Interviewer: And on the bed at the head of the bed? 662: The bolster oh the headboard Interviewer: What's the bolster? 662: A bolster that's a big long pillow instead of having two pillows you have one big long pillow. You ever see those? Interviewer: I don't I don't think so. I've heard of them but I don't think I have ever seen one. How far across do they go? 662: Across from one end of the bed to the other across. Interviewer: And something say if you had a lot of children had a lot of company over didn't have enough beds for everyone for the children you could make a? 662: Make a bed on the floor. Interviewer: And you'd call that a? 662: I'd call it roughing it {NW} I don't know Interviewer: Did you ever hear of a pallet or {D:shake down} 662: uh uh Interviewer: And talk about different kinds of land you'd say? We expect a big crop from that field because the soil is very? 662: Fertile Interviewer: What different kinds of of land do you have on a farm? 662: Different kinds of land? I don't know. Interviewer: Well what about the the flat land that's along the river? If it gets overflowed? 662: Delta Interviewer: What else? What's a delta like? 662: The delta is the like you just said when the river would overflow. Well that was years ago before they made the big levees and everything and when the river would over flow it would deposit you know rich soil and everything Interviewer: mm-hmm 662: into that land. Interviewer: Did you ever hear of a intervals or low land or bottom land? 662: I've heard of low lands. Interviewer: mm-hmm #1 What are low lands? # 662: #2 Would be marsh. # Interviewer: huh? 662: Marsh Interviewer: #1 What's the marsh? # 662: #2 Marsh lands # Like well it would be like swamps with out the trees. Interviewer: mm-hmm 662: you know Interviewer: Fresh water or salt water? 662: Well you could have ah brackish water in low lands. Low lands is usually brackish water to me that would be a combination of both. Interviewer: What what do you mean brackish water? salt 662: Salt and fresh. mm-hmm Interviewer: What about um uh a field that might be good for raising hay but not much else? Did you have a special name for that? 662: Not that I know of. Interviewer: Did you ever hear of a meadow or prairie or? 662: I've heard of meadow. Interviewer: What's a meadow? 662: A meadow to me is a pretty is a pretty piece of scenery where you see the wildflowers grow and an occasional tree ya know. Interviewer: uh huh Is this something that you read about? 662: Right Interviewer: And say if you had um what different kinds of soil? What would you call the real rich black soil? 662: Black Jack Interviewer: What's black jack? 662: That's the black soil that's what they call black jack down here. Interviewer: Is it good for growing things? 662: No I don't know wait a minute now black jack I think it is. Interviewer: What other kinds of soil? Besides the black jack. 662: Sandy soil Interviewer: mm-hmm Did you ever hear of anything called loam or {D: lume}? 662: uh uh Interviewer: What about um say if you had some land that was swampy and you wanted to get the the water off the land you'd say you were going to? Do what to it? 662: Drain it Interviewer: mm-kay What would you dig to drain the water off? 662: Trench Interviewer: And something um say if you had a heavy rain the water cut out a little what would you call that? 662: Gully Interviewer: mm-kay What about something is a gully very big? 662: I don't think it would be big Interviewer: What about something real big? 662: A valley Interviewer: Well that the rain 662: Oh rain Interviewer: cut out 662: {NW} The only thing I can think of is erosion. Interviewer: mm-kay Well would you call it a a ravine or gully or {D: calla} 662: I would call it a gully. Interviewer: mm-kay what no matter what size it is? 662: Right Interviewer: What about um something that {NW} if you have some some water flowing along you'd call that a? 662: Water flowing along? Interviewer: That would be just a little? 662: Creek Interviewer: mm-kay What else besides a creek? 662: Stream Interviewer: What was that? 662: Stream Interviewer: What's the difference between a creek and a stream? 662: A stream is bigger. Interviewer: What else besides what? 662: Down here a bayou Interviewer: #1 What's a bayou? # 662: #2 canal # Interviewer: uh huh Is a canal something natural or is it man made? 662: Uh both Interviewer: mm-hmm What about the bayou? 662: The bayou is natural. Interviewer: Is is it about the same size as the canal or? 662: It can be. It can be larger it can be smaller a canal can be larger or smaller it all depends on what it is. Interviewer: How does the bayou compare with the creek? 662: um Bayou is bigger it's deeper it's wider Interviewer: How deep is a bayou usually? 662: A bayou is usually I imagine about anywhere between fifteen to twenty feet deep or maybe deeper you know. Now I'm in some areas because of man kind some bayous are about three feet deep now others are just dried you know in a dry spell waiting for the rain to come along and fill it up a little bit. Interviewer: What are the names of some of the bayou's or creeks or streams or around here? 662: Terrebonne bayou Interviewer: mm-hmm 662: Bayou Lafourche Turtle bayou um I can't think of any. Oh Grand Bayou. What else? I don't know. Interviewer: Did you ever hear of Bayou {D: Shening} 662: uh uh Interviewer: Maybe that was something up near Baton Rouge. 662: Oh Interviewer: Spill way or something. 662: I don't know I'm not there's there's this that's why it's called the bayou state that's why they have it on our license plates because boy they have some bayous over here. {NW} Interviewer: What about creeks are there any creeks around here? 662: Not really Either it's a ditch or a bayou or a canal in Louisiana. Or a river. Interviewer: uh huh Does a ditch have water flowing in it or? 662: mm-hmm It could Interviewer: What about what about the rivers what different rivers? 662: Mississippi Atchafalaya Pearl River Oh I missed bayou Bara- Barataria Now that's a big bayou by Lafitte. I missed that one but the rivers is Atchafalaya Pearl River and Mississippi River. Interviewer: mm-hmm And say something uh um sort of a shallow arm of the sea what you know the salt water but it is not really in the ocean yet? What would that be? 662: It's salt water #1 But it's not # Interviewer: #2 Well it's not really # the ocean yet. It is just this sort of an inland. 662: You mean the estuaries? Interviewer: mm-kay What what are some of those? 662: Estuaries are where the shrimps born and things like that. It it's at the bottom part of the state close to the gulf and they are like protected and everything and they spawn there are then they go out into the gulf that's why estuaries are so important to Louisiana. Interviewer: Do do they have any special names or do you ever? I was wondering um if you ever heard of an inlet or bay or cove or? 662: Oh we thinking about two different things now. Yeah like a bay Interviewer: mm-hmm 662: That would be enclosed by land three quarters and then have an opening at the open water Interviewer: mm-hmm What about this es? 662: The estuaries? Well that's that um like I said the water conditions are just right and there like it would be like small bays #1 You know # Interviewer: #2 It's just sort of a # a stream type thing 662: No there there pretty big Interviewer: mm-hmm 662: and uh there like I said they're important to the shrimp industry. Interviewer: Do Do do these estuaries do they have any any names though #1 or they # 662: #2 uh uh # Interviewer: they just? 662: There are just called estuaries. Interviewer: And that's where the the shrimp 662: Spawn yeah right and it's sorta like protected you know. Interviewer: mm-hmm 662: It would be like a miniature bay I guess you know. Interviewer: What about um if you had a stream flowing along and the water dropped off and went on over you'd call that a? 662: Waterfall Interviewer: And a place where boats dock? And where they unload the freight? 662: Dock Interviewer: Anything else besides a dock? 662: Wharf Interviewer: What's the difference 662: None that I know of. Interviewer: What about a small place just along a a river just sort of small boat? 662: Pier Interviewer: mm-kay And a small rise in land? You'd call that a? 662: Hill Interviewer: Any other names? 662: Mound Interviewer: What about um to open the door you'd take hold to the door? 662: Knob Interviewer: Would you ever use that word knob talking about land? 662: No Interviewer: And something a whole lot bigger than a hill would be a? {NS} 662: A mountain Interviewer: And the rocky side of the mountain that drops off real sharp? 662: Cliff Interviewer: And talking about several of those. You'd talk about several? 662: Cliffs Interviewer: And what different kinds of roads are there around here? 662: Horrible {NW} roads um black top cement dirt shell even board roads. Interviewer: Board roads? 662: Yeah they construct those to rig sites in the swamps. {NW} Construction companies go out ahead and make what they call board roads so that the equipment can move in and construct the oil rigs so that they can start drilling for oil and natural gas. Interviewer: What about um the black top road what's that made out of? 662: Asphalt Interviewer: mm-hmm And you mentioned the shell road what else can they put put on a road if they don't pave it? 662: If they don't pave it? Interviewer: Yeah those little rocks they call that a? 662: Gravel road Interviewer: uh huh And the little road that turns off the main road that'd be a? 662: Turns off the main road that's what we'd call a cut off Interviewer: mm-kay um what would you call just just a little road though? Not not one of the main roads. 662: A service road. Interviewer: And um a road that has a trees of fence on both sides of it? 662: Trees or fence? {NS} Interviewer: Did you ever hear of a lane? 662: Oh yeah Interviewer: What's that like? 662: It's it would be a shady road um country road Interviewer: uh huh 662: a lane. Interviewer: Would it be it would have to have trees on both sides though to be a lane? 662: You would uh Interviewer: I mean you'd associate it 662: Associate the trees with the lane. Interviewer: And a road in town would be called a? 662: Street Interviewer: And something along the side of the street for people to walk on? 662: A sidewalk or a banquette banquette banquette yeah banquette Interviewer: uh huh That's the old fashion name? 662: Yeah Interviewer: What about the strip of grass between the sidewalk and the street? 662: Strip of grass besides the sidewalk and the street? {C: whispered} I don't know Interviewer: And say if you were walking along and an animal jumped out and scared you. You'd say I picked up a? 662: Rock Interviewer: And I? 662: Threw it at it. Interviewer: uh huh Anything else you'd say besides threw it at it? 662: You'd say I hit him with it {NW} Interviewer: Would you ever say I chucked it at him or 662: uh uh Interviewer: Pitched it at him or? 662: Threw Interviewer: And um if you went to someones house and knocked on the door and no one answered you'd say well I guess they are not? 662: Home {NW} Interviewer: And if someone was walking your direction you'd say he's coming straight? 662: Toward me Interviewer: And if you went into town and happened to see someone that you hadn't counted on seeing you'd say this morning I just happened to run? 662: Into Interviewer: mm-kay And if a child is given the same name that her mother has you'd say they named the child what her mother? 662: After Interviewer: huh? 662: After of mother Interviewer: mm-kay And you'd say this morning I what breakfast at seven o'clock? 662: Fixed Interviewer: Or I? 662: Oh ate Interviewer: mm-kay {NW} And yesterday at that time I had already? 662: Eaten Interviewer: And tomorrow I will? 662: Eat Interviewer: And something that um that people drink for breakfast? 662: Take your pick {NW} orange juice coffee milk Interviewer: mm-kay And talk about uh coffee if you wanted some but there weren't any ready you'd say I guess I have to go? 662: Make some coffee. Interviewer: And tell me about putting milk in your coffee. You'd say some people like it how? 662: With milk in their coffee. Interviewer: mm-kay And other people like it? 662: Black Interviewer: mm-kay Any other name for black coffee? 662: No Interviewer: Did you ever hear of the expression drinking coffee barefooted? 662: uh uh Interviewer: And you'd tell a child now you can eat what's put before you or you can do? 662: Without Interviewer: And um something that um people eat for breakfast it's made out of ground up corn? 662: Corn flakes Interviewer: Or made out of ground up corn you eat it along with your eggs? 662: Oh grits {NW} Interviewer: What about something similar to grits only it's not ground up it's fine? 662: I don't know. Interviewer: It is something you could take it you'd soak it to and get the husks off the corn. Did you ever hear of hominy or fly corn? 662: I've always associated hominy with grits hominy grits Interviewer: mm-kay What about um this is something we don't eat it for breakfast but it's a it's a white grain um it grows in wet places it it grows in other areas of Louisiana? 662: Rice Interviewer: mm-kay And um say if you were real thirsty you might go over to the sink and pour yourself a? 662: Glass of water. Interviewer: And you'd say the glass fell off the sink and? 662: Broke Interviewer: So somebody has? 662: Broken the glass. Interviewer: And um talk about um distance you say well I don't know exactly how far it is but it's just a? A little? What? 662: I don't know what you are trying to say. Interviewer: Well #1 you say I don't # 662: #2 Just a little way # Interviewer: mm-kay And if you had been traveling and still had about five hundred miles to go you'd say you? 662: You has a good way to go. Interviewer: mm-kay And did you ever hear people say a far piece? {NW} 662: mm-hmm Interviewer: People would say that? 662: Yeah Interviewer: How how would they use that? They'd say? 662: He said well not down here you won't here far piece but oy you might hear ah cause they just making fun. Interviewer: uh huh 662: You know but he would say he has a far piece to go. Interviewer: uh huh And um if something was very common and you didn't have to look for it in a special place you'd say oh you'd find that just about? 662: Anywhere Interviewer: And if someone slipped on the ice or something and fell this way you'd say you fell over? 662: Backward Interviewer: And this way? 662: Forward Interviewer: And if you'd been fishing {NW} and if I asked you did you catch any fish you might say no {D:what the line no} 662: They didn't bite. Interviewer: uh huh Would you ever say I didn't catch very one? Did you ever hear that expression? 662: I've heard it but they don't use it down here Interviewer: uh huh And 662: I didn't catch a one that's what they'd say down here. Interviewer: If you got rid of all the brush and trees on your land you'd say you did what? 662: Cleared it Interviewer: And wheat is tied up into a? 662: Bundle? Interviewer: mm-kay And then they take the bundles and pile them into a? 662: I don't know Interviewer: #1 What about # 662: #2 Stack # Interviewer: mm-kay And um talk about how much wheat you raise to an acre. You might say we raise forty what of wheat to an acre? 662: Bundles Interviewer: Or forty? We talking about the bushel you'd say we raised forty? 662: Bushels Interviewer: mm-kay And what do you have to do with oats to separate the grain from the rest of it? 662: Mill it Interviewer: mm-kay And say if there was something that we had to do today just the two of us you could say we'll have to do it or another way of saying that? 662: We will have to do it. Interviewer: Instead of saying we you'd say? Do you ever say me and you or you and I or? 662: Yeah I've used both. {NW} I've put myself first and I've put someone else first too. Interviewer: How would what would you probably say? 662: You and I Interviewer: mm-kay What if you are talking to a say some man and yourself you'd say? 662: He and I Interviewer: And you'd say well this job uh say he doesn't want just you or just me for this job he wants? 662: You talking about both? Interviewer: uh huh You'd say he wants? 662: Both of us Interviewer: mm-kay And if you knock at the door and they ask who's there and you know that they recognize your voice you'd say it's? 662: Me Interviewer: And if it was some man you'd say it's? 662: It's he Interviewer: mm-kay and if it's a woman? 662: It is she. Interviewer: And if it is two people? 662: They Interviewer: And you say he's not as tall as? 662: She Interviewer: We're talking about yourself. He's not as tall as? 662: He's not as tall as I. Interviewer: Or I'm not as tall? 662: As he Interviewer: And if he can do that better? 662: He can do that better than me. Interviewer: mm-kay And um 662: Oh my little girl had all of this and I know I am getting it wrong she had this in English the last six weeks and I couldn't help her at all. {NW} Interviewer: #1 I'm just interested in what # 662: #2 yeah # Interviewer: what you would say. 662: Well I use both because you know sometimes I think this has a lot to do with peoples mood when they put themselves first. Interviewer: uh huh 662: You know. It all depends on their mood. Interviewer: {NW} Yes it's hard to it's something that you don't think about. 662: Yeah Interviewer: #1 If you say which one would you say # 662: #2 Yeah # Yeah Interviewer: It's hard to um You'd say if something belongs to me then you'd say it's? 662: It belongs to me Interviewer: or This isn't mine this is? I'd say um this isn't mine this is? 662: Yours Interviewer: And if it belongs to both of us then it's? 662: It's for us Interviewer: or 662: both of us. Interviewer: You'd say it's? 662: Ours Interviewer: mm-kay And if it belongs to them then it's? 662: Theirs Interviewer: And to him? 662: His Interviewer: And to her? 662: Hers Interviewer: Did you ever hear people say his'n? or your'n? Did you ever hear that? 662: Not down here. Interviewer: And if you were talking to a whole group of people how would you address them? You'd say? Would you say you to them or? Say if a group of people was over to your house and they were fixing a meeting 662: Yeah Interviewer: you'd say I hope 662: Yeah because you could be collective Interviewer: uh huh {NS} Well do you ever use anything else besides you? 662: Y'all Interviewer: mm-kay Would you ever use y'all just to one person? {NS} 662: To one person? Interviewer: uh huh 662: No Interviewer: And say if there was a group of people at your house and they're fixing to leave and you are asking them about their coats. You know everybody's coats. You'd say well where are? 662: Your Interviewer: huh? 662: Where are your coats? Interviewer: mm-kay Would you ever say y'all's coats? 662: mm-hmm Interviewer: Or you alls coats 662: I would Interviewer: How would you say that? 662: Where are y'all's coats? Y'all's with an s Interviewer: And 662: {X} Go through the front door from now on huh the wind keeps on blowing. Interviewer: Say if there was a party that you hadn't been able to go to and you were asking about the people that had gone you'd ask well? Who's at the party? You'd say well? 662: You mean if wait uh uh I got lost on that one. Did y'all go you mean? #1 something like that # Interviewer: #2 But no # you want to know which people went you'd say well? 662: Who was there? Interviewer: uh huh Would you ever say who all was there? 662: No Interviewer: What if there's a group of children playing that obviously belong to more than one family you'd ask about them? 662: Who's kids are they? Interviewer: uh huh Would you ever say who alls kids are they? 662: uh uh Interviewer: And if there had been a speech you hadn't been able to hear and you were asking about all of the speakers remarks you know you'd say? 662: Who all Interviewer: or 662: spoke Interviewer: #1 or # 662: #2 you mean # Interviewer: or ask him about his remarks you know everything he said. You'd ask well? 662: What did he say? Interviewer: uh huh What about what all did he say? 662: No Interviewer: And you say if no one else will look out for them you say they've got to look out for? 662: For themselves Interviewer: And if no one else will do it for them. You say he better do it? 662: For himself Interviewer: And um say if you were real thirsty you might say I what a glass of water? 662: Drink Interviewer: And you'd ask me how much have you? 662: Drunk Interviewer: And um something that's um made out of flower and baked in a loaf? 662: Bread Interviewer: mm-kay What different kinds of bread? 662: White bread French bread Interviewer: mm-hmm 662: whole wheat Interviewer: What what do you put in white bread to make it rise? 662: Yeast Interviewer: And what other kinds of of um what about something that's made it's fried in deep fat and has a hole in the center? 662: Doughnut Interviewer: mm-kay Are there different kinds of doughnuts? 662: Yeah Interviewer: Do they have different names? 662: Beignet Interviewer: What?