Interviewer:  Almost all night with that I'd say you probably put in enough time {NW}
678:  It's sad {NW} Sad when anyone gets in
Interviewer:  In that kind of {NS}
678:  {X} Mentality you know
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  Slow {NS} Resistance
Interviewer:  Uh-huh yeah
678:  Resistance with anything
Interviewer:  Yeah
678:  I don't think she's even married to this man I think they just live together
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  Course she's always afraid she'll lose him and he's a Habitual alcoholic
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  Not just an alcoholic but a Habitual one
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  No good I just say a man that uh Won't stay around long like that and she owns the house and owns the farm and He had any spunk at all he'd stay and Help her make a living or he'd get plum out of her life that's what I told him #1 I said you ought to get #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah #
678:  He's not a native he comes from Indiana #1 And he's just down here and #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh #
678:  I said what you need to do Dwight is to get Away from Mildred and just say now Mildred I am through I'm leaving I don't want to s- Fool with you anymore {NW} And don't just go up here to Jonesboro and work and come back every once in a while get Away and let her know #1 That uh #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm #
678:  And then she'll get over it
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm #1 But he won't do it #
678:  #2 He just # No he won't do that No manhood about him no
Interviewer:  {NW} Well um still can't get over tomato pie #1 I just never heard of that #
678:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  {NW} Oh that just sounds oh sort of good in fact um because I like tomatoes a lot did you ever have the kind of raise the kind of onions that they uh did they eat the green part too
678:  Mm-hmm Well #1 Well uh #
Interviewer:  #2 What did they call it #
678:  You've got two kinds that we put out we got the onion plants and the onion sets
Interviewer:  Uh-huh uh-huh
678:  Now the sets are the little um bulb #1 Type that you #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm #
678:  Put out and And uh and you can eat that The green in the plant if you want to
Interviewer:  Uh-huh mm-hmm
678:  Or or the plants it's all it's just a little {X} Just a little Onion about so big #1 You can get a whole bunch of them and put them out #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm mm-hmm # Mm-hmm
678:  {NW} About three or four weeks of good weather and you've got green onions #1 To eat #
Interviewer:  #2 Green onions #
678:  And if you don't eat them well then they they make the big #1 The big onions #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh they do # #1 {D: They think trying to design into the big onions} #
678:  #2 Yeah yeah #
Interviewer:  I didn't realize that
678:  But if you pull them and eat them Green then you get a little onion about maybe so big on the end #1 And #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh #
678:  You can it eat it or you Whack it off like #1 They do on #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh #
678:  {X} We don't we just cut the roots off and
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  {NW} Eat the little onion
Interviewer:  Eat the little onion
678:  We don't eat a lot of onions I well I I like them once in a while with uh If we have uh white beans which we hardly ever do but with white beans or with hamburgers
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm #1 Mm-hmm with hamburgers #
678:  #2 {X} # I like them but them suckers uh They smell pretty loud when #1 And uh #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # {NW} And when you're the mayor
678:  #1 Well #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah # {NW}
678:  I'd say that uh they're not the most romantic #1 Vegetable #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # {NW} I like that that's #1 Funny #
678:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #1 That's really funny #
678:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  {NW} Oh oh they were hardly
678:  #1 I used to tell this step-daughter of mine now I #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
678:  Said you eat onions when you was young I said only when I wanted to keep the girls blowed away from me
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  {NW} She gets a kick out of it
Interviewer:  Oh I bet
678:  #1 And uh #
Interviewer:  #2 She does #
678:  I showed her these uh I said see them knots in on my arms She said yeah she said what caused that I said knocking the darn girls off #1 When I was #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
678:  When I was a teenage boy {NW}
Interviewer:  {NW} Oh I bet she gets a kick
678:  #1 Yeah she gets #
Interviewer:  #2 Out of that #
678:  A kick out of it
Interviewer:  {NW} That's great um how about cabbage did they raise very many
678:  Yeah Yeah and they made that kraut you know
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  Homemade kraut
Interviewer:  Did they raise a lot of it
678:  Oh yeah Depends on how Depends on how well the family liked kraut
Interviewer:  Yeah
678:  See {NW}
Interviewer:  And that was primarily what they used #1 Cabbage for was #
678:  #2 Yeah # They use they'd use the cabbage and cook the cabbage and eat them while they were in season
Interviewer:  I see
678:  See
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  But The only way they had of uh S- of uh Saving cabbage then was in kraut
Interviewer:  Was in kraut
678:  And uh They'd make the kraut and then you could eat the raw kraut or you could eat eat the cooked kraut #1 Either one see #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh # I see
678:  We used to put my mama used to put it down in old churns #1 Weight it #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah #
678:  Down you know and just
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  Oh we had lots of churns #1 Around #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm #
678:  I don't I don't know what happened to all of them they'd be worth Fifty dollars a piece or more now
Interviewer:  Sure I
678:  {NW} But she'd have those uh Things full of Full of kraut We used to my brother and I used to go to the Woods and And uh gather up what we called possum grapes and Summer grapes And uh she would make a Um marmalade sort of
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  Out of those And she weighted that down I don't know what she done #1 Boy that stuff #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm #
678:  Was rich you know muscadine #1 Have you ever eaten #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm #
678:  Muscadines
Interviewer:  Mm-mm I don't think so
678:  Well they're About the size of a grape except they grow individually you know
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  #1 And they're the #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh #
678:  Undoubtedly the best uh Best jelly #1 And strongest #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh #
678:  Uh I don't mean strong in that respect but I mean the the flavor is
Interviewer:  The most flavor
678:  Yeah the most flavorable Thing that you have ever tasted
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  And they get a lot of muscadine in Mississippi
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm oh in Mississippi
678:  A lot of tanglings
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  {NW] This country used to be covered up with them in the woods but
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  People would cut them down and I just don't know where there is any now
Interviewer:  Hmm
678:  They'll grow Oh they'll grow in a t- They'll grow to the top of a tree if it's fifty foot high
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  And have muscadines all the way up
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  But if you hit if you let them grow on a fence or In bush if they'll just spread out where you can just pick them one at a time {NS} They sure do make fine jelly and If you make uh can the {D: hurls in} Make pies
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  You can make a fine pie see
Interviewer:  Oh I #1 Didn't know that muscadine #
678:  #2 Wonderful flavor #
Interviewer:  Pie gosh
678:  It's a thick Thicker rind than a grape
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  That's about the size of the grapes
Interviewer:  Hmm um now you mentioned a lettuce that she your mo- now was this the kind that came in um um
678:  Mean in heads
Interviewer:  Yeah #1 Did it come in #
678:  #2 Uh-uh #
Interviewer:  It didn't come in heads
678:  No We just hit just was a {X} A leaf and it was seasonal you eat you ate it while It was in season or and then it would go to seed on you
Interviewer:  Yeah
678:  Grow up big tall and heavy yellow bloom go to seed but But now they have lettuce That you can buy at the just like you buy onion plants
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  And uh transplant it and it'll grow heads
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  Just like you get in stores
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm mm-hmm oh
678:  We don't fool with that because we don't like lettuce #1 That well #
Interviewer:  #2 That well #
678:  We well the the amount of ground that it takes is more valuable than #1 Than something else see #
Interviewer:  #2 Than oh yeah #
678:  So #1 You have to plan #
Interviewer:  #2 Well how about #
678:  Your gardens #1 To conform to what to to #
Interviewer:  #2 Around the amount of land that you #
678:  Yeah to what What you want to eat #1 See #
Interviewer:  #2 Right #
678:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
678:  #1 For instance #
Interviewer:  #2 Well now #
678:  Why I've got one I've got I'll have three crops on one part of my garden
Interviewer:  Oh you will
678:  Had a onion crop
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  I harvested it And just yesterday We pulled uh Louise did pull the last of the corn crop Followed it with sweet corn so that it'd make faster
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  And she got Quite a quite a bunch of sweet corn off of that
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  Next week I'll pull those corn stocks up and sell turnips
Interviewer:  Oh and sell turnips
678:  So I'll have three crops #1 on that one little #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh #
678:  Plot of land
Interviewer:  Well now the turnips will you eat the uh
678:  Just the {NW} Well you can eat the turnip greens
Interviewer:  Oh you'll eat yeah
678:  She will I won't #1 I don't eat #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh you don't #
678:  Turnip greens and she eats uh she loves turnips
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  And when and then for cold weather I'll take those turnips and {NW} Hail them up and bury some of them
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  I can dig in there during the winter and get her some turnips out
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  And they'll uh they'll keep until Way up in the spring When the sun gets hot enough then they'll start growing The leaves out again real yellow pale looking leaves And you just tear them out and if Lots of solid why you you start eating them and giving them to your neighbors and throw the rest of them away {NW}
Interviewer:  That's r- I didn't know all this um well now on on the sweet corn uh and that would be you said that would be the kind you'd eat on the cob #1 Now #
678:  #2 Mm-hmm #
Interviewer:  #1 Would #
678:  #2 Or # Cut it off either one
Interviewer:  Or cut it #1 Off either one #
678:  #2 Yeah #
Interviewer:  Well now what about roasting ears what would that be
678:  The same that's eating it off the cob
Interviewer:  And do you know that er that term
678:  Yeah #1 That's what #
Interviewer:  #2 That #
678:  That's what it still goes by
Interviewer:  They still
678:  #1 Roasted #
Interviewer:  #2 They'd say #
678:  Roasting ears
Interviewer:  Uh-huh um
678:  Call them roasting ears because a lot of people bake them #1 Instead of #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh they # Did
678:  We we cook them in water
Interviewer:  Yeah Uh-huh
678:  Uh and that's probably the way #1 You eat them #
Interviewer:  #2 I was wondering #
678:  #1 A lot of #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah #
678:  People {NW} Cook them in water and then put them in the oven and bake them
Interviewer:  #1 Until uh #
678:  #2 Oh I didn't know that # Well until they'll just turn almost brown
Interviewer:  Well I didn't #1 Know that #
678:  #2 And it's uh #
Interviewer:  I wonder
678:  It dries it out and it's Tough And it's good but uh #1 You chew it more #
Interviewer:  #2 But it's you # #1 Chew it more #
678:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  Oh um how about the outside of an ear of corn the outside
678:  Shucks {NW} Well what'd you find
Aux 1:  She had called Ms. Anderson crying Wanted her to come over there so we decided {X} Turn down
678:  {NW}
Aux 1:  And Miss Reeves was over there
678:  Who #1 Miss Reeves #
Aux 1:  #2 And they had # Cooked her some food and and she was sitting out there eating a big
678:  #1 Sure #
Aux 1:  #2 Plate full of # Bacon and eggs #1 Toast and jelly #
678:  #2 {NW} # {NW}
Aux 1:  One of these big tall glasses of like that #1 Bacon you know #
678:  #2 She's that wide #
Aux 1:  Oh wider than that
Interviewer:  {NW}
Aux 1:  Wide as that door
Interviewer:  {NW}
Aux 1:  I told her her ankle Down here where #1 Bigger bigger than my leg there #
Aux 2:  #2 Bigger bigger #
678:  You see that #1 Uh #
Aux 1:  #2 And she's been # Out and the sink was full of okra here's part of it
678:  #1 Did you see her her toes #
Aux 1:  #2 And I {X} #
678:  {D: Surprised to hear} How blue they are
Aux 1:  Yeah
678:  Well she's either {NS} Kicked something when she went up there on that chair the other day or she's uh Fell and and Meant those things see
Aux 1:  You ought to see her she ain't got on a stitch of clothes
678:  I don't want to see that
Aux 1:  That house
678:  #1 She's red and blue all over #
Aux 1:  #2 No I don't want to see that she showed #
678:  Me her Her leg from up #1 From up to here that #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh she did #
678:  Oh that leg is just that big around
Interviewer:  Oh my #1 Goodness #
678:  #2 But it's # She's got black #1 It's that big #
Aux 1:  #2 {X} #
678:  Isn't it Louise that black place
Aux 1:  Oh it's bigger than that
678:  She claims her husband kicked her but she fell That's what that's what #1 Happened #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh #
Aux 1:  She told us they beat her with a pair of boots because I think uh
678:  Now back then he may have
Aux 1:  She said I think Jan beat me too
678:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Who is that
678:  Jan is just a man that her husband runs around #1 With that works with #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh oh oh # Oh
Aux 1:  That that but uh she told us stuff to divide that okra up and take it home #1 With us #
678:  #2 There's uh # Newt's not over there yet is he
Aux 1:  No here's that key
678:  Well #1 Just leave it #
Aux 1:  #2 He he he # He give it to you
678:  Leave it there on the cabinet
Aux 1:  Frida I wonder we got over there and the door was unlocked and Mildred was
Aux 2:  And they're looking for her insurance papers
678:  {NW} #1 But she can't ever #
Aux 1:  #2 She's been getting everything #
678:  Find them #1 I guarantee it #
Aux 1:  #2 She can tell her right # Where everything is and they got it getting everything organized her makeup kit and everything to go to the hospital Frida says that they can put her in a mental in a #1 Mental part #
678:  #2 That's right #
Aux 1:  #1 Out there #
678:  #2 That's right # Where she needs to be Needs to be whipped real good first
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  #1 Get her attention you know that's what they say about the #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
Aux 1:  Give up her line we both swore off doing anything more for her
Interviewer:  #1 Oh you did y'all both did #
678:  #2 {X} # You'll always go back though
Interviewer:  Y'all both did it
678:  Well yeah we go back we'll swear we're not gonna #1 Help her but #
Aux 1:  #2 Okay I'm going back # {X}
Interviewer:  #1 Both of you #
678:  #2 {NW} # Yep Yeah we both go back and help her
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  I've known her all my life #1 She's #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah #
678:  Your granddaddy Is old there's uh kind of a crazy streak in the whole family #1 Her grandmother #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh really #
678:  Wouldn't start crazy
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  And her mother was almost Off the rocker and some of her aunts was off their rocker
Interviewer:  Mm
678:  Uncles
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  Um just about halfway between {NS} Crazy and being able to take care of themselves
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  Uh a brilliant mind And and it always happens you know a brilliant mind In one respect But then it wavers and gets off channel and uh just crazy as a loon for a while
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  So you don't know what to do with them
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  Not much you can do just wait Let them die some day and bury them
Interviewer:  Goodness bet you have a lot of trouble in
678:  #1 Oh #
Interviewer:  #2 Between #
678:  Yeah whole town She creates trouble Whole street here
Interviewer:  My goodness
678:  Law enforcement everywhere #1 Even though #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh #
678:  #1 {D: we belong to} #
Interviewer:  #2 A lot #
678:  Here but up in Jonesboro those {NW} She's got the sheriff and the Prosecuting attorney and all of them to where they don't they won't don't even want to talk to her see
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  She's a problem
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  She is a problem
Interviewer:  Uh let's see where were we oh yeah corn the the the thing that grows out the top of a corn stalk
678:  The tassel
Interviewer:  And how about that stringy stuff on the ear of corn that you have to
678:  Silks
Interviewer:  Clean it off
678:  Used to smoke those as a kid #1 Trying to learn to smoke #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh when you were a kid #
678:  Yeah #1 They make #
Interviewer:  #2 Did you really #
678:  Every kid that grew up on a farm has smoked corn silks
Interviewer:  Really
678:  Throw them like a cigarette
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  And uh
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  I was asking my neighbor over yesterday he had a little old torch he was wanting me to {NW} Help him Get started and I had some Ears of corn out there that I'd pull off and save the seed with the shucks still on them
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  I just put this To the end of that and When the odor came I smelled just like those old cigarettes
Interviewer:  #1 It did #
678:  #2 And I said # Did you ever smell anything like that and he said yes sir Said when I smoked uh corn silks
Interviewer:  Oh really {NW}
678:  #1 And I didn't even like #
Interviewer:  #2 Isn't that #
678:  To smoke #1 Corn silks so I didn't #
Interviewer:  #2 Corn silks {NW} # {NW}
678:  I sure don't like tobacco
Interviewer:  Oh I don't
678:  #1 Can't understand #
Interviewer:  #2 Either #
678:  #1 Why people #
Interviewer:  #2 I can't understand it # Either something I've always wondered about but I can't I can't
678:  #1 Can't understand it #
Interviewer:  #2 Can't understand it #
678:  {NW}
Interviewer:  I can't either
678:  And you know some Well this man that came in here this morning he was our chief of police And he's uh I guess gonna have to resign he's got blood clots and
Interviewer:  Oh goodness
678:  Heart trouble and and uh Diabetes he's just in bad shape But I'll bet you That he smokes three packages a day and that's about a dollar and eighty cents #1 A day #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # {NW}
678:  You just {NW} He'll he'll smoke and pack it on uh The ashtray
Interviewer:  Mm
678:  And when it gets down so low he'll lay that ashtray and start fishing I've seen him lay his cigarettes down and And you get lost you get nervous you know lost thinking well man I haven't got a cigarette what's gonna happen here
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  Until he happens to think well I laid them down over there But they go wild Wild just instantly #1 When they haven't got #
Interviewer:  #2 Scary #
678:  That cigarette
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  And you know There's not much difference between that and marijuana Not a whole lot
Interviewer:  Not #1 Well not if you're that #
678:  #2 Well when # #1 When they rip when they rip #
Interviewer:  #2 Get to that point #
678:  And snort about #1 The young people #
Interviewer:  #2 When you #
678:  Have Wanting to try marijuana
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  Uh I said well what's the big excitement #1 We tried #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah #
678:  Cigarettes and you're still on them
Interviewer:  And you're still on them
678:  #1 I said don't raise #
Interviewer:  #2 Hooked on them #
678:  Cane with the kids for Trying marijuana because it's something to come along And I said you tried the cigarette and you stayed on it and if you would have had marijuana then you'd have tried that
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  I said I would have too #1 I tried #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh #
678:  To smoke cigarettes #1 Two reasons I didn't one #
Interviewer:  #2 That's probably good #
678:  It didn't taste good #1 And made me dizzy and another one #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} terrible #
678:  Uh my dad smoked the old pipe but he gave me his reasons for that His reasons was that his mama smoked the old plate pipe {NW} #1 And she got #
Interviewer:  #2 Really #
678:  Sick and And she'd ask him to light her pipe for her #1 So he got to waft mm-hmm #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh she asked him to light #
678:  And he'd light it take it to her And then he got to smoking the pipe but he never did inhale the smoke
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  And he told me said now it's no good don't smoke it Well that's one of the reasons I didn't but another reason is it didn't taste good
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  But I'm sure that if marijuana would have been available then I may have tried it and could have gotten on it see And the same man that I'm referring to in here The way he fights cigarettes if he'd have got ahold of marijuana when he was a kid he'd have tried it
Interviewer:  Probably would have yeah
678:  So I don't really fall out with the kids I'm sorry for them
Interviewer:  Yeah
678:  Because they do it I'm just sorry that they get on it And can't get off of it But it's just human nature and kid when the what they call growing pains
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  They'll want to do stuff Of course I'm talking to a kid but uh
Interviewer:  I'm not a kid {NW}
678:  How old are you
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  #1 Eighteen #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh # Huh
678:  Eighteen
Interviewer:  No I'm older than that
678:  You are
Interviewer:  Yeah {NW}
678:  Well I guess You're in college #1 Call that #
Interviewer:  #2 Yes #
678:  Twenty
Interviewer:  No older than that
678:  Well you don't have to tell me I just #1 Wondering #
Interviewer:  #2 No # Uh no I'm twenty-five
678:  Are you that #1 Old #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah # I'm in graduate school now that makes me feel good though if you didn't think I was #1 That old #
678:  #2 Oh really # {D: You'd be either} If I'd have been honest I'd have guessed you Now had I {X} If I hadn't uh known you was in #1 College #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh #
678:  I'd have guessed you eighteen or nineteen #1 Year old #
Interviewer:  #2 Would you # Really
678:  Yeah but #1 knowing you was in #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh #
678:  College
Interviewer:  Yeah #1 Knowing that yeah #
678:  #2 And uh # That the #1 How far along you I would have guessed you were actually twenty-one #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah well I'm in graduate school now right #
678:  #1 Or two #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah #
678:  But You sure don't You don't appear to be twenty-five #1 Even #
Interviewer:  #2 I don't #
678:  Except one way
Interviewer:  What
678:  Your uh Well your intellect shows that you're twenty-five and and uh the way you approach things Far more advanced than a twenty-five year old person Because I know most twenty-five year old persons Now when I was twenty-five uh I was fathering my last child
Interviewer:  Oh right right
678:  The three boys Two girls and we lost one boy
Interviewer:  Yeah #1 I remember #
678:  #2 But really # Uh Mary Uh I didn't know what life was all about I married just a boy I was having #1 the time of my life see #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah you were # You were just #1 Eighteen #
678:  #2 {X} # Having the time of my life
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  One of two or three that had a car around and Like I said I was gonna go to school but I didn't uh {NW} Grow up and the Thing hit me very forcefully when I had uh A family to
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  And I had a choice to make
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  Now you've either got to take care of this family or you don't one of the two So I settled down and took care of them
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  But And I was twenty-five and And that's why I don't uh Get upset with kids that don't settle down until after they're twenty-five
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  Because I didn't
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  But I If the opportunities had uh come along or temptations I don't know what what I'd have done #1 Before I was twenty-five no telling #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # {NW}
678:  Plus I was just average Country boy But you seem to be Uh farther advanced and I I think that's what schooling will do for you Teaches you to think things out That's uh
Interviewer:  I
678:  #1 That's one thing college #
Interviewer:  #2 I don't know #
678:  #1 Does is to think things out #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah college # And then you know like uh and then like now now that I'm in graduate school you know and everything uh in graduate school you can just take the things that you're interested in you know like in
678:  That's right
Interviewer:  In undergraduate school you have to take other like I wasn't #1 Really interested in #
678:  #2 There's certain # Certain basics
Interviewer:  #1 Certain basics that you have to get #
678:  #2 That uh you have to have #
Interviewer:  And that's good but then when you get into graduate school you can just get into the all the stuff that you're interested in #1 You know and I like that #
678:  #2 It's kind of like uh # The basic kind of like washing your hands before you eat
Interviewer:  Yeah it's just
678:  #1 Your mom and pop #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah #
678:  Made you wash before you #1 Eat because #
Interviewer:  #2 Something you have to do #
678:  Health wise and #1 And #
Interviewer:  #2 Right #
678:  And for the looks of it
Interviewer:  Right
678:  And the basics are something you just need #1 To learn #
Interviewer:  #2 That you #
678:  #1 That's what #
Interviewer:  #2 Have to learn #
678:  You build on
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  I'm always regretting that I didn't get to go to college I I know I would have enjoyed it
Interviewer:  Yeah you would have
678:  {NW}
Interviewer:  You would have you're just
678:  {X}
Interviewer:  You have such a your mind you just pick up on things and notice things and you you have just I mean you retain things and everything you would have been
678:  #1 Well I've #
Interviewer:  #2 Really good #
678:  Studied hard #1 See #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah #
678:  I've got some I've got a few diplomas around that's not a whole lot of them up there that I've actually earned since uh #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh yeah #
678:  Completely completed Dale Carnegie course #1 Which was real #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh you did #
678:  Helpful to me
Interviewer:  Yeah
678:  And uh I've got several rolled up in here little old Uh certificates that I've Attended Arkansas State College on On certain things #1 Mostly #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah #
678:  Pertaining to industry
Interviewer:  To indu- right
678:  #1 But you can't help but let let some of it #
Interviewer:  #2 When you were working for the singer co #
678:  Rub off on me
Interviewer:  #1 Right #
678:  #2 You know # And I I know why {NW} I had uh Had to write sort of a Oh I don't know if you call it a theme or not when I finished at Dale Carnegie long about fifty-three or four
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  And you had to write within a certain amount of words Something that happened to you in real life
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  And uh and What you did about it
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  Well I was in the same class as seventeen college men and I won the top award
Interviewer:  Oh you #1 Did #
678:  #2 Over those fellows # They were all friends of mine working with #1 Down at the plant #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm # Mm-hmm
678:  And they was glad that I won it too
Interviewer:  Uh-huh that's great
678:  I I want to look to see if I can find that {D: Hurriedly} Before I leave and give I don't know if I've got a copy of it or not but if I have I will
Interviewer:  Oh I'd like to see that
678:  {X} I'm gonna have to go here pretty #1 Soon #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh are you #
678:  And uh have you got anything in particular you'd like to wind up with and we'll wind that up and then I'll see if I can find this #1 Thing #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay # Uh let me let me get off the let me finish up this thing #1 About the vegetables and everything #
678:  #2 Probably in ten or fifteen minutes #
Interviewer:  Okay uh what would you call the thing that that you'd use to make a jack o lantern out of
678:  Pumpkin
Interviewer:  Um what kinds of melons did they raise
678:  Back when I was a child we raised uh watermelons And mush melons
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  And raised the cantaloupe
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  The
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  The marsh melon is the long
Interviewer:  Oh that's the long one mm-hmm mm-hmm
678:  And the cantaloupe is the round one
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm um let's see oh uh what did they raise uh well was there any difference between butter beans and lima beans do those considered the same
678:  In the same family
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  Same family one is uh you have it in the bunch beans and then the runners
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  We have them all around our fence the big colored
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  #1 Great big #
Interviewer:  #2 Right #
678:  Colored butter #1 Beans #
Interviewer:  #2 Butter beans # Uh-huh
678:  But I think really they refer to the Well back when I was a kid now Uh we had {NS} We only knew one One bean it was the white one
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  I remember when we first got the colored #1 Butter beans #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm # Mm-hmm
678:  But then we had the little white one and the large one now we called the little white one the lima
Interviewer:  Oh you did
678:  And we called the big white one the butter #1 Bean #
Interviewer:  #2 The butter bean # I
678:  #1 But they #
Interviewer:  #2 See #
678:  Still are of the same #1 Family #
Interviewer:  #2 Of the same # Family
678:  Because you can get them in the bunch Or you can get them in the run And I think we called them limas because that was a trade name
Interviewer:  Trade name uh-huh
678:  {X} And the butter bean was the Eating name of them
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  What I called the eating name
Interviewer:  Um now on a cherry the inside part of the cherry the part that you don't eat
678:  The seed uh or the Kernel
Interviewer:  Or the kernel how about on the peach what would you call that
678:  It's a seed
Interviewer:  It's a seed
678:  It's a seed
Interviewer:  Now the kind of peach that sticks to the seed you call that a
678:  Cling
Interviewer:  And then the other #1 Kind #
678:  #2 That's a # Freestone
Interviewer:  Freestone now the part of the apple that you don't eat that you throw away
678:  Why we called it peeling Some called it a rind
Interviewer:  Uh-huh oh
678:  It could be either Mm-hmm and um now on the inside of the apple uh #1 Core #
Interviewer:  #2 If your # Core
678:  But I'm talking about the peeling you see when they when they remove the peeling you They use two expression peeling or paring
Interviewer:  Or paring oh either way they'd say that um {NS} The did you ever know any other names for uh for peanuts besides peanuts
678:  Goobers
Interviewer:  #1 Goobers {NW} #
678:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  Um what kinds of nuts might there be on trees around here
678:  Acorn nuts Walnuts
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  And that uh all the kind we have here #1 Locally #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh # And pecans
678:  Oh yes yes
Interviewer:  They did have the
678:  We have lots of pecans #1 I thought you was #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh you do now #
678:  Referring to wild
Interviewer:  Oh but now pecans I see that would be We have a wild pecan but we have the tame
678:  #1 Domesticated #
Interviewer:  #2 Pecan # Uh-huh
678:  Lots of them #1 But I was #
Interviewer:  #2 Right #
678:  Referring to the Ones that grew in the woods was the #1 Walnut #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah #
678:  And the and the hickory #1 Nut and #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm #
678:  The wild pecan we called those pig nuts
Interviewer:  You called those #1 Pig nuts #
678:  #2 They they were not # Good to eat #1 Bitter #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm #
678:  Real bitter
Interviewer:  Oh they were well now on a walnut what do you call that green outer covering
678:  {NW} {X} I don't know just a
Interviewer:  Um #1 Well #
678:  #2 The hull #
Interviewer:  #1 The hull #
678:  #2 I guess #
Interviewer:  And then the part on the right around the meat you'd call the
678:  The uh
Interviewer:  The shell
678:  The shell yeah
Interviewer:  Yeah um
678:  But now on hickory nuts it's right opposite That part that you peel off they do call the shell
Interviewer:  Oh they do
678:  Until you get down to the nut
Interviewer:  And then
678:  #1 So I imagine #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh #
678:  On a walnut it'd be the same they would call that part the shell
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  And then when you get down to the other it is a nut
Interviewer:  It would be the nut
678:  The meat's inside
Interviewer:  Um did like at Christmas time sometimes did they have a special type of nut that they would use at Christmas time do you remember the ever that you'd only have around Christmas time
678:  Well {NW} Yeah when I was a kid growing up we we had uh That was one of our rare treats to buy some nuts
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  Walnut English #1 Walnuts and uh #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh #
678:  Brazil #1 Nuts #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh #
678:  We called them nigger toes
Interviewer:  Oh you did yeah
678:  You got to be careful about #1 Calling them that now #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # {NW}
678:  And then we had uh
Interviewer:  #1 Did they ever have #
678:  #2 Uh #
Interviewer:  Almonds
678:  Almonds #1 That's one thing #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh #
678:  I'm thinking of #1 And uh #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh #
678:  And those little uh #1 Beach #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh #
678:  Nuts or
Interviewer:  Yeah I know what you're talking about I don't know the name of them either little small #1 Ones yeah #
678:  #2 Uh-huh #
Interviewer:  Um #1 Well now #
678:  #2 Almost # Thought of it then
Interviewer:  Um hazelnut
678:  #1 Hazelnut #
Interviewer:  #2 Hazelnut # Yeah yeah I remember my aunt talking about that
678:  It is a treat you know to hang up your stocking and
Interviewer:  And have the
678:  Have those in there and the apples and the oranges
Interviewer:  And oranges too they'd put uh
678:  {X} Sock up
Interviewer:  Uh-huh uh-huh
678:  We'd always hang up the biggest sock we could find #1 See #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh # Uh-huh
678:  Really believed in Santa Claus until I was about #1 Eight or nine year old yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 You you said until you were about eight or nine or ten or # Something like that #1 I noticed that and it was #
678:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  A big shock
678:  That's right Well disappointment
Interviewer:  Yeah
678:  Just Heartbreaking {NW}
Interviewer:  #1 Sure it was #
678:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  Well it's just like bursting a bubble #1 Just uh #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh #
678:  No more
Interviewer:  Uh-huh well would Christmas time be about the only time they'd have oranges
678:  No my my dad would buy them {NW} Occasionally during the winter #1 Because he #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh he would #
678:  He realized that uh we needed the fruit juices
Interviewer:  Oh he did yeah
678:  But I would venture to say that there's lots of families Sharecroppers and such Would be fortunate to get oranges even during Christmas
Interviewer:  Oh yeah
678:  Then the old man would have to get out and And either cut some wood to sell or maybe pick some cotton that had been left in the field and do something a little extra
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  To get some money or they didn't have any Christmas I've known I've known families that didn't have any Christmases Kids would be so disappointed
Interviewer:  Well now during the depression money was really uh
678:  Scarce
Interviewer:  Yeah
678:  Scarce
Interviewer:  Well uh when when you when you ran out of something like food uh did and they didn't have any money what did they do the like these people like these sharecroppers they #1 Was #
678:  #2 They got #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
678:  #2 Just got # By the {NS}
Interviewer:  Was it just all gone I mean the
678:  It's gone and uh They run out they They resorted to whatever means they had and I am referring to honest means of
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  Getting it they'd go borrow
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  #1 From #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm #
678:  The landlords or they'd go Uh offer to work for some
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  {NW} Or they'd just stick to scrounge around and and make do with what they had Was the was the old saying was pour a little more water in the {D: grater}
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  It didn't get As bad as it sounds
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  But uh {NW} In lots of cases there was people didn't know and I've been in that shape that I didn't know where my next dollar was coming from And I was growing my family #1 I hit it right in the middle #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh really #
678:  Yeah
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  And even though we were prosperous farmers
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  They just simply didn't get enough for your crop to no more than pay your debts in between crops that's why we hustle ground and
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  And uh done what we could #1 To get a little bit of #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm #
678:  Extra money but there's been a few times When I'd run without money and we would need {NW} A few things from the store And I didn't know how I was going to get it
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  I remember coming down to {NS} A man's store and {NS} Wanting to buy some things now these were things that I really didn't have to have When I ask him they come to about three dollars in quarters
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  And I ask him if he could credit me to the for a couple of weeks when I was going to sell something He said no {NW} And he said uh I've he said I grew up with your daddy and mother up in northwest Missouri if there's anyone in the Country I would trust it'd be you But he said I just haven't got the money to do it but #1 He said #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm #
678:  When they {NW} When they move this these groceries into my store I have to pay for them Right then #1 And there #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm #
678:  And if I let them out any of them out on credit I have he said I don't make enough profit Because if I let out uh fifteen or twenty dollars worth I can't pay the bills #1 When he come in #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm #
678:  So I'd be out something to sell I said well I understand that and I done without it
Interviewer:  Mm
678:  I don't remember what I was buying but I done without it {NW} Which goes to show that uh if people make up their mind they could save a lot of money
Interviewer:  Mm
678:  By
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  Getting by instead of spending everything #1 They make see #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm # Mm-hmm
678:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Well um the what would you have on your table to season your food with
678:  Salt. Pepper. Uh pepper sauce.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  Hot peppers
Interviewer:  Um now if something that you bought was not imitation Sometimes it might have on there
678:  You mean if it was #1 Imitation #
Interviewer:  #2 If it was # Not imitation
678:  Pure
Interviewer:  Pure
678:  Mm-hmm #1 Like uh #
Interviewer:  #2 Did # Gen-
678:  Like a {D: they demand uh} {NW} Uh Well a certain amount of flavor what is this uh Well there's uh spice that uh The women used and it had a pure and then it had an imitation
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm and then they'd have like vanilla or #1 Something like that vanilla #
678:  #2 That's what I'm thinking of # Pure #1 Vanilla #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah because # I can remember #1 Seeing pure vanilla uh-huh #
678:  #2 And imitation vanilla # Mm-hmm
Interviewer:  How about on a leather belt it'll have on there
678:  The buckles you mean
Interviewer:  No if if it's not imitation leather it'll have gen-
678:  Genuine #1 Leather mm-hmm mm-hmm #
Interviewer:  #2 Gen- yeah stamped on there #
678:  Yeah
Interviewer:  Now sometimes if people bought something in a big quantity they'd say they were buying it
678:  Gross
Interviewer:  In gross now would that how would that differ from buying in in bulk
678:  Bulk {NW} Gross is so many
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  You realize what a gross is
Interviewer:  Okay that that's a countable number of things then oh I see a gross
678:  #1 And and a #
Interviewer:  #2 Of something #
678:  Bulk is if I had a bin here full of sugar
Interviewer:  Right mm-hmm
678:  Ah and I'd uh and you'd come in and say I want uh fifty cents worth of sugar
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  I'd dole you out fifty cents worth
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  But if I had it in sacks over there all the way to Pre-sacked
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  {NW} That's sacked sugar
Interviewer:  I see
678:  Or a or a or a designated quantity
Interviewer:  Right
678:  And this is bulk
Interviewer:  That's
678:  You can buy any amount #1 Of it you want here #
Interviewer:  #2 And you just #
678:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
678:  #1 And here you've got to buy #
Interviewer:  #2 And they measure that # Out
678:  One one or more sacks #1 Just #
Interviewer:  #2 I see #
678:  One if you wanted uh Say they had five pounds of sugar
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  In the sack you want fifteen pounds #1 You'd have to buy three #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm #
678:  Sacks
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  Here he could dip you out #1 Fifteen or sixteen #
Interviewer:  #2 Fifteen sixteen #
678:  Or seventeen
Interviewer:  Whatever you want
678:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Just that loose
678:  If it was twenty cents a pound you'd say give me a dollar's worth he'd when you have five pounds
Interviewer:  I see
678:  That's #1 That's the bulk #
Interviewer:  #2 That would be in bulk # Oh you know everything um if something was cooking and you came in your mother was cooking something good and you and your brother came in you might turn to him and say mm-mm just just
678:  I don't know
Interviewer:  If you were gonna if you wanted him if you thought it if it made a good impression on your nose you'd say mm just you might say just take a whiff of it
678:  #1 Yeah yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 Or just #
678:  That would be {NS}
Interviewer:  Or just
678:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Just smell
678:  And talking about uh I'll tell you Maybe you better turn this off
Interviewer:  #1 Oh #
678:  #2 While I'm telling this # {NS} He was talking about how smart he was
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  He said boy he said that man has gone all the way through college And this old ignorant nigger said he he has
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  And he said yeah he said he's got a BS degree And he said you know what BS stands for don't you
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  And of course the old ignorant nigger there wasn't but one thing that BS stood for #1 For for #
Interviewer:  #2 No #
678:  Bull so and so
Interviewer:  Yeah I think I know
678:  {X} I know what that B S stood for He said uh And he's got a MS degree And he said he's got a P H degree He said now I knows what that B S stands for but what does that M S and P H D stand for {NW} He said that M S is more of the same And that P H D is piled higher and deeper
Interviewer:  Oh no
678:  {NW} So {NW} #1 That's a broken word #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # Oh that's great um
678:  You remember that one now that's a good one
Interviewer:  I'll try to #1 Remember that one that's yeah #
678:  #2 That's a college joke #
Interviewer:  Yeah that's good um if there was a bowl of apples on the table and one of the children wanted one uh he might point up there and say
678:  Gimme That's the old word G I M M E
Interviewer:  Yeah gimme gimme uh
678:  They wouldn't say can I can I have #1 Or may I have #
Interviewer:  #2 Right # Say gimme and if they wanted an apple they'd say
678:  Mommy gimme a apple
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm that's great um a person that doesn't have much money you'd say that person was
678:  Broke Been that way
Interviewer:  You've been that way um
678:  Still am
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  Never got over it
Interviewer:  Which came first the cigars or cigarettes
678:  The to my knowing the cigar did
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  I remember
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm mm-hmm um those things that sometimes would come up in people's yards after rain umbrella shaped
678:  Toad stools
Interviewer:  Now that'd be toadstools now would that be
678:  Got some in my yard now
Interviewer:  Oh you do now could you what about the ones you could eat
678:  I never did I was always Afraid of them some of them poisonous #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh #
678:  And uh They were mushrooms
Interviewer:  Mushrooms would be the kind that that people could
678:  But I never did know the difference so I didn't think I would like them either
Interviewer:  Um well we're just about to get onto the part about animals so this might be a good uh stopping place if you want to
678:  {X}
Interviewer:  Uh {NS}
678:  I don't remember just where I {X} Why I keep so much junk around
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  {NW}
Interviewer:  It's hard to keep up with everything
678:  {NS} I don't know if I have two copies of this or not I well I hope I do {NS}
Interviewer:  Well I hope so too
678:  Well the The reason I wanted to give you one of these is is to show you that {NS} After all times have no changed a whole lot
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  #1 In some ways #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh # Uh-huh
678:  This was I think I did make some more copies. Yeah
Interviewer:  Oh you do have #1 More than that #
678:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  Good {NS}
678:  That was in That's been twenty-one years ago that I've taken that Dale Carnegie course and
Interviewer:  Oh this is from the Dale #1 Carnegie thing #
678:  #2 Mm-hmm # #1 That's what I wrote and that's what I won the award on #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh this is it this is what you wrote # You won the award for
678:  Yeah you can take that with you #1 If you want to after #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh good # Good yeah I'll take this with my other stuff
678:  Well it might {NW} And I know you're going to pursue your education and you know this is This is sort of history this actually #1 Happened see #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm #
678:  #1 This is something #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm #
678:  That uh We had to write something that actually happened #1 In our our life #
Interviewer:  #2 That actually happened #
678:  #1 See #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh you did # Yeah
678:  Uh an incident
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  Uh that happened
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  In in our life that uh a tale that we could tell #1 That was true #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh # Mm-hmm
678:  And and uh you still see the same things happening today that That happened back then
Interviewer:  Hmm {NS}
678:  That's all I can think of I might Wish off on you
Interviewer:  Oh well that's good I let me put these things in my note in my book so I won't drop a pen {X}
678:  {NW} But I learned that in In uh talking to college graduates that anything that they can get ahold of sometimes {NS} Will come to be beneficial
Interviewer:  Oh right that's that's for sure {NW} That's yeah
678:  I guess I need to get over #1 And see what's happening in town #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay see what's happening in town #
678:  Tomorrow I've got to go to go #1 to Little Rock and you're leaving tomorrow right #
Interviewer:  #2 Right I know I'm leaving tomorrow # How about you oh you gonna be busy tonight
678:  I'm not sure uh #1 I don't uh #
Interviewer:  #2 For just a little while #
678:  I don't think I will be
Interviewer:  But you never know
678:  #1 Well I I'm not I haven't got anything #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} You have some #
678:  Planned
Interviewer:  You don't uh would you be willing to give up a little more #1 Time to me #
678:  #2 Yeah # If I have I mean if If uh #1 If nothing comes up #
Interviewer:  #2 If nothing comes up #
678:  {NW} And I can't think of anything right now
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  But and I don't know what time I'd get in well you won't be here tomorrow at all
Interviewer:  No
678:  Friday's always a pretty busy day #1 even #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah #
678:  If you was here
Interviewer:  Yeah
678:  I'm gonna miss you
Interviewer:  #1 Well I'm gonna miss you too #
678:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #1 I really am #
678:  #2 I've I've never met a person # That I have took to like I have you
Interviewer:  Really and truly?
678:  I don't know why but I
Interviewer:  That makes me feel so good uh excuse me trouble
Aux 1:  I think uh {X}
678:  #1 I'll be right there #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay #
678:  {NW} Be right {NS}
Interviewer:  But did you get all that stuff taken care of today the hospital and
678:  Yes I got everything under control just got rid of some of the councilmen here and Marshall got them ready for tomorrow so we We're in pretty good shape
Interviewer:  Well that's good um
678:  {NW}
Interviewer:  I believe the last thing I was talking about was
678:  {NW} You was gonna talk #1 About horses #
Interviewer:  #2 Animals #
678:  Or animals
Interviewer:  Yeah animals was the last thing I was on that's right I didn't I asked about this when we were gonna talk about animals um now the kind of bird that can see in the dark
678:  Hoot owl
Interviewer:  Hoot owl what about one of those small ones that's um
678:  Screech owl
Interviewer:  Screech owl you know everything how about a bird that can drill holes in the trees
678:  {NW} You mean the old well there's two kinds There's a yellow hammer And the peckerwood
Interviewer:  And the peckerwood
678:  #1 Some of them call them #
Interviewer:  #2 Are those are those #
678:  Woodpeckers {NS} And some of them call them peckerwoods so
Interviewer:  Are those the same thing though
678:  No no a woodpecker and a peckerwood is the same thing he's a red head
Interviewer:  Right
678:  With a white body and black wings
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  And the yellow hammers are Is the larger bird
Interviewer:  But it does peck holes
678:  Yeah yeah just like a battering ring
Interviewer:  I didn't know that
678:  Sound like a machine gun
Interviewer:  Huh haven't heard of that one
678:  That's right #1 Yellow hammer #
Interviewer:  #2 Um #
678:  It's a bigger larger bird than the Peckerwood
Interviewer:  Than the peckerwood how about now this is a little animal that's black with a white stripe down its back
678:  Smells very good
Interviewer:  Yeah
678:  Skunk
Interviewer:  Have you ever heard it called anything else
678:  Pole cat
Interviewer:  Pole cat #1 Oh that's #
678:  #2 Yeah #
Interviewer:  The same thing
678:  Same thing And the and uh And and when you hunt hunt them for their fur
Interviewer:  Yeah
678:  The ones that doesn't have the white on them will bring more money than the Those that do #1 Because they #
Interviewer:  #2 Well I thought they all # Had white on them
678:  No no some of them are solid black and uh the white ones Before they use the fur they have to dye it Dye the white part see
Interviewer:  Hmm um what kinds of animals come and raid hen roosts
678:  Well possums for one And I think skunks do
Interviewer:  And skunks
678:  I think I think they do but {NS} But uh possums will uh uh in that {X} Course a fox
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  Fox will
Interviewer:  Well now have you ever heard of people refer to animals like that as varmints
678:  Mm-hmm Some of the old timers called any Anything in the beast Family varmints
Interviewer:  Varmints yeah have you ever heard anybody call a person a varmint
678:  Yeah I've been called that
Interviewer:  You have
678:  #1 Sure #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # {NW}
678:  You know you read Snuffy Smith He always refers to #1 To animals as #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh #
678:  {NW} As varmints you know or
Interviewer:  Yeah
678:  And and he classes a humans as {NW} Varmints Oh yeah I've been called a varmint jokingly you know
Interviewer:  Uh-huh uh what types of squirrels would you have around here
678:  We have the gray squirrel and the fox squirrel And then we have the flying squirrel
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  And he's almost extinct he's uh
Interviewer:  Oh really
678:  Yeah they they build him holes Uh they're great on using the holes that woodpeckers make
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  Or A a deteriorated tree where it's rotted out they'll bed up in that and {NS} And they're called flying squirrels but {NW} They don't flap their wings
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  But they will get on Up in a tree And when they spread their feet out Well this uh This meat uh this skin I mean comes from this the Front foot Back to its back foot and just and and he inflates his self
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  That's just loose loose skin and he just inflates himself {NS} Instead of flopping why he'd just sail it's kind of like a glider you know he'll #1 He'll glider #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh like a glider #
678:  He'll glide for a long distance and then land Of course he loses {X} He'll land lower down #1 On a tree #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh #
678:  But they do not flap
Interviewer:  Oh so they don't really fly they glide
678:  Glide
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  Just glide
Interviewer:  Um
678:  They're small they're not over So long Full grown
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  About half as large as a gray #1 Squirrel #
Interviewer:  #2 As a gray squirrel # Huh well how about something that's sort of like a squirrel but it doesn't climb trees
678:  You mean rats
Interviewer:  Uh well you may not have these in this part of the country some is called a brown squirrel or a chipmunk
678:  {NW} We don't have them that's uh they they are they're in the hill countries
Interviewer:  In the hill countries oh how about some common fish that people might get around here
678:  Fish
Interviewer:  Yeah what would they maybe get if they were to go fishing well you go fishing what would you
678:  Well We have several species we have the black bass
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  We have the rock bass
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  Uh we have the white bass
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  We have the drum
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  We have the carp We have the buffalo
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  We have almost every species of catfish
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  Uh we have the crappie
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  We have the brim family which is made up Several types of little common {NW} Commonly called perch
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  But they're in the brim family And uh One is called the goggle eye perch and the sun perch #1 For instance and they #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm #
678:  And they uh uh {NS} Whiteys they call them and then we have the hickory shed {NS} And uh we have the grinnels We have the gar
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  And uh
Interviewer:  Well now what have you caught the most of
678:  Well I fish My when I go fishing I have three species that I fish for the brim the bass and the {D: crockett}
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  I catch others
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  But they're unwelcome
Interviewer:  Oh but uh-huh
678:  I catch them because they eat what I offer the others
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  But I never go fishing after a grinnel or a carp or a grime or a gar
Interviewer:  But you have uh
678:  I ca- I do catch them
Interviewer:  Um what do you call those things that pearls grow in
678:  {NW} Oyster shells you mean
Interviewer:  Oysters yeah
678:  We have uh Those around here there used to be lots of them lots of them they would Gather them and and take them to a button factory
Interviewer:  Oh they did
678:  They'd find them on the sandy Beaches like uh where when the water Is high and Goes down why there'd be Sand washes And that's where they would find the Mussel shells and And they would make buttons from them but They don't well they just about uh Done away with all of them {X} Going after them #1 You know #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm # Mm-hmm
678:  And along about the time they got scarce then they started making uh synthetic buttons
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  That kind of evened up the score
Interviewer:  Oh yeah
678:  They don't get many Pearls they call pearl buttons you see that's where you got your pearl buttons out of the oyster shells
Interviewer:  #1 What about #
678:  #2 They had some # Really large you know making nice ashtrays #1 And things like that yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh they'd {X} #
678:  Oh we found them this This long around there Large ones
Interviewer:  Huh uh what about the things that make a noise around a pond at night croak around the pond
678:  You mean the bullfrogs
Interviewer:  Bullfrogs
678:  They're one of them then there's uh There's a spring frog And uh #1 And a bullfrog #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh a spring frog # Uh-huh
678:  They're both uh Water Frogs
Interviewer:  Water frogs uh-huh
678:  And then we have the little tree frogs
Interviewer:  #1 Uh-huh #
678:  #2 That # That uh hangs on the side of the reed and he takes a tremendous Noise and then the toad frogs they're not Known as a A water frog but After a rain they will get out on the edge of the water and that's All the noise you hear around when you {X} Especially in this part of the country after a rain just at dark
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  They make a tremendous noise For the spring there will be hundreds and hundreds little #1 Toads not over #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh #
678:  That large every one of them singing at one time
Interviewer:  Really
678:  They the old timers say that they're praying for rain #1 More rain #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh # For more rain
678:  You know toad frogs uh Almost disappeared in this country they began to Buy them to uh Well they use them in chemical plants #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
678:  Yeah And uh for a few years here we seldom saw a toad frog And Every one I'd find I'd just take care of him you know and now I've got Several of them around But I haven't seen those things years ago thirty or forty years ago So thick on the {NW} Store fronts where there's a light That you couldn't couldn't walk without placing your feet And they just sat down lick their tongue out and get that bug
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  And People have uh Torn open shotgun shells and taken these real fine shot and just rolled them at them And they just
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  Until they get so heavy they can't walk With led it'll kill them #1 See lead #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh #
678:  Will kill anything They'll eat until they can't until they can't hop {NS}
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  Just eat as fast as you can {X} {NS} But the only time that I had seen frogs That thick I was down when about three weeks ago and it came a rain And while I was driving home why I just saw Hundreds of frogs Course people were just mashing them and
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  Into the highway
Interviewer:  What did
678:  So frog toad frogs have made a comeback I've got one in my Boathouse that I call Lucifer
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  I keep him water in there so he won't even have to go out
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  And he takes care of those spiders and everything #1 Yes sir #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh they eat spiders #
678:  And in my gardens they they're out there I'm real careful not to plow into them or anything And if he Trying to get out the way I'll stop my plow and they can get out of the way
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  But this one in my shed he's a great big old toad now Real dark one and The other day I said I haven't seen Lewis for a couple of days and Louise said yeah he's out there on the sitting on the sills #1 Said he's behind your shovel #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} # {NW}
678:  Went out there and there he sat #1 {NW} #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh # That's funny a pet toad frog um what would you call the things that you dig up to go fishing with
678:  wor- well worms #1 Worms red worms #
Interviewer:  #2 What what # Red worms
678:  Red worms
Interviewer:  How about around a a stream uh is the hard shell a thing that it puts its head and its legs in and out
678:  You mean a turtle
Interviewer:  Yeah now #1 Would that be #
678:  #2 Well now # We have the hard then we have the soft shell turtle then we have the old Hard shell snapper
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  Uh
Interviewer:  Would those be on the in the water
678:  {NW} Well they'd settle limbs and drop off in the water when you Get close to them
Interviewer:  How about in dry land uh
678:  They have a dry what they call dry land tavern
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  #1 He's a he's a #
Interviewer:  #2 Tavern #
678:  Tall one he He stands up tall and And never never too large maybe something like that but These soft shell turtles gets uh Oh they'll get this big around and that's the kind they eat That is good eating I never did eat one
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  But it's a rare dish you know A lot of them eat these old uh snapper turtles too they say they're just as good but they're harder to clean
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  My brother caught one over here on the river weighed a hundred and five pounds
Interviewer:  Mm
678:  We could stand on him he'd just walk off with us
Interviewer:  Gosh
678:  His head was uh Oh gosh it was as wide as this here this #1 Across #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
678:  He could have bitten your leg off most off
Interviewer:  Mm
678:  But the soft shell ones are flat Big around and got a long neck they look kind of pitiful out in sitting under looking
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  Looking around at all the old snappers so they got that hooked bill nose and the short neck big head
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  Hard hard shell on the back {NS}
Interviewer:  Um did people course I guess they didn't have any way of keeping it refrigerated people didn't eat much in the way of seafood did they when you were
678:  Not here {X} When they went and caught a massive fish they had to eat him #1 Because they had no way of keeping it #
Interviewer:  #2 And eat him # Now they now anything that was caught like in the ocean uh they did could they ever bring that in like uh oysters and that sort of thing
678:  Canned
Interviewer:  Oh canned how about stripped did you ever see
678:  Yeah {X} In fact They had uh
Interviewer:  #1 Canned #
678:  #2 I remember # Getting canned shrimp Years ago
Interviewer:  Oh you do they had a can oh I didn't know that
678:  But we The main fish dish here Was uh was uh salmon And mackerel
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  And uh Oyster or uh sardines
Interviewer:  Sardines yeah mm-hmm
678:  Sardines and mackerel And uh {NS}
Interviewer:  Um now an insect that'll fly that'll like to get around a light when you open oh I don't know how they get in but anyway with the light wings kind of
678:  Millers
Interviewer:  Millers
678:  {NW}
Interviewer:  Now would that be the same as the thing that'll lay the eggs in your clothes
678:  No that's a moth isn't it
Interviewer:  Oh that would be a moth did you ever #1 Have #
678:  #2 I think #
Interviewer:  Did you have very many
678:  Used to have lots of moths Lots when you had the old wooden houses that had uh Lots of cracks And this that and the other but I know we used to have to keep moth balls in our hanging in our Closets after we got closets or on the clothes when they'd hang to the walls and {NW} If you wanted to wear a suit of clothes Sunday why you better take that out about Thursday and hang it out #1 Or or you'd have #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh #
678:  It'd be so strong with moth balls that people couldn't stand you
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  But uh we have We still have moth Around here but uh very few and If we're gonna store something back in a chest or something we put moth balls in it and Now you can buy moth balls that are not so strong And just hang them on your clothes racks you know
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm how about an insect that flies around with just oh with a light in its tail
678:  Moth well there's two two names we Always referred to them as a lightning bug but uh most of them I refer to them as June bugs
Interviewer:  Oh as June bugs
678:  Because they come because they show up Latter part of May or Especially in June
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  Used to be here by the millions #1 Literally millions #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh by the #
678:  #1 Yeah #
Interviewer:  #2 Millions #
678:  Just We'd get out at night when I was a kid and they just almost light up that whole Place just just like that just Hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of them
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  But you seldom see them anymore
Interviewer:  Yeah well now an insect that's got a long that you'll see around a pond it's a long thin body and
678:  #1 You mean the #
Interviewer:  #2 Two #
678:  Mosquitoes you're talking about mosquitoes or
Interviewer:  No this is something this is bigger than a mosquito it's got a long thin body it's got two sets of flimsy wings
678:  Well there's a There's a #1 Well we #
Interviewer:  #2 Sometimes people say #
678:  Call them a horse there's some horse doctors
Interviewer:  Horse doctor
678:  And then there's a
Interviewer:  What do people think they find their snakes around
678:  Um A snake doctor #1 Flies they call those #
Interviewer:  #2 Snake doctor #
678:  They call them snake doctors and horse doctors Something else I bet you {X} You may have never heard of and it's fox fire have you
Interviewer:  Mm-mm
678:  It's uh It's a piece of old wood mostly gum or soft any soft wood That has rotted And bleached out white Then when it rains on it You can go into the woods at night and you'd see that stuff just as far as the eye can see it's uh it's #1 It has a kind of a #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh #
678:  White gold look
Interviewer:  And it does it glow I mean
678:  Yeah at night but you it's just a piece of wood in daytime
Interviewer:  Oh {X}
678:  Used to be a lot of that in Newgrounds you know #1 Where we'd #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh #
678:  Clear up You'd {NW} Have an old dead hog and maybe Chip off part of it and and uh it would get wet and lay up there under the moon shine on it why Or even the stars especially the moon It would reflect just like white gold
Interviewer:  Huh
678:  #1 Called it called it fox fire #
Interviewer:  #2 I never never # Fox fire I guess they don't have that in many places
678:  Well you just weren't around the woods much
Interviewer:  Around the woods
678:  You were growing up around timbers like I did they still there would still be some of it but not as much because now when they clear land they just take a A big cat and and uh Push the trees down and would stack them up and burn them before they ever rot see This has to come from old rotted wood
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  And Oh there used to be lots of it and {X} Hunting damp night like this see lots of it Where people would cut wood you know and lift the old gum tree and it would rot
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  I just pitched that in ecstasy
Interviewer:  Yeah #1 That's interesting though I never heard of it #
678:  #2 {NW} #
Interviewer:  That's what I mean I learn all these things #1 I wouldn't have learned anywhere #
678:  #2 You may be asked about it someday # What is fox fire
Interviewer:  What is fox fire
678:  You'll think someone's pulling your leg
Interviewer:  Yeah I wouldn't know what fox fire was what kinds of uh insects would you have around that would sting you
678:  A lot of them. Wasps. Bumblebees.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  Uh Honeybees Yellow jackets
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  Did I say hornets
Interviewer:  No
678:  Hornets They won't sting you they'll knock you down
Interviewer:  Mm
678:  They get mad and take off Now this is sort of believe it or not but the old people can tell you That they've been known to knock a cow down hit her between the eyes and just knock her down
Interviewer:  You don't mean it
678:  You know they build in big huge nest you ever seen a hornet's nest
Interviewer:  No I haven't
678:  Well you ought to see them around a museum some time It's a it's an enormous thing it could be that big around Well you've seen wasp nests
Interviewer:  Yeah
678:  It'd be the color of wasp nests so but they'd just build it layer on top of layer and it's kind of Shaped like a top a spinning top
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  And they hang it up in the tree and {NW} And they go into the barn
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  And they make their honey up in that thing I've seen them as long as this Table is wide and #1 Oh this big #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
678:  Around
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  And if you ever Disturb them boy they can give you fits And the the bumblebee he he He goes into the roots of trees and makes his honey Goes into a little hole and Finds a hollow Hollow stumps {NS} And We used to cut into them and my brother and I found out if we'd lay flat on the ground they wouldn't sting you they always go up They'd come out and they'd fly up mad you know
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  And they grow their honey in little individual Uh cups And that too is the color of a wasp nest
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  A little thin gray looking Thing and the cup is about like a A little marble or a steel ball and And you just pick it off and just squeeze it and it's clear No chrome to it just clear syrup real delicious
Interviewer:  Mm
678:  #1 We used to run r- #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh really #
678:  Run around with some old country boys and
Interviewer:  {NW}
678:  And we'd we'd take them to help us rob the bumblebee tree Until they caught on well we'd chop this hole and soon as we cut into them why My brother and I we'd hit the ground and those old boys would be standing up they're getting stung all over see {NW}
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  But they that's where you initiate them
Interviewer:  Yeah that's where you initiate them yeah
678:  But wasp nests are Quite numerous I have them around my corkwood A whole lot but I just put a water hose to them
Interviewer:  Oh that's how you get rid of them
678:  And Wayne down over where he lives in his he's got a double corkwood on the side of a trailer and he lives right on the lake and I got out of the car the other day and I saw several nests that big around with I guess a hundred wasps on them
Interviewer:  Mm
678:  Well I said they'll kill you they will get enough of them to sting you they'll kill you {NW} So he got some guy the other day to Spray them uh Uh mace or something #1 Kind of like a {D: holy shields} you know #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm mm-hmm #
678:  Just kill them instantly
Interviewer:  Well now which is worse the sting a wasp or a yellow jacket u
678:  Well uh I don't think you can make a distinction between them Either one if you get them mad they're gonna sting you #1 But the yellow jackets #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh #
678:  Find them in the woods and
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  Mostly once in a while they'll get in briars
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  But mostly they build in stumps {NS} And you drive a team by there and if you stir them up {NS} They'll start hitting the belly of those horses and they'll run away with you right down through the middle of the woods And nobody can hold them But man they sting the life out of you
Interviewer:  Mm
678:  And the wasp's the same way when you disturb him Well he's gonna sting you
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  And jackets and wasps either one's not gonna bother you until You disturb them once in a while they'll come down and buzz you
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  But if you're going about your business they'll hardly ever sting you
Interviewer:  Now what about those things that build their nest up out of mud
678:  The snipes
Interviewer:  Or dirt
678:  Well Well the snipes build on dirt and
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  And and and pigeons carry a lot dirt we used to put Lard can little lard cans And they'd carry in mud and sticks and
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  But snipes build on uh Uh mud that's uh that's one bird that I know that does
Interviewer:  How about an insect that likes to nest out of dirt or mud do you know I mean
678:  The dirt dauber
Interviewer:  #1 Oh a dirt dauber #
678:  #2 Mm-hmm #
Interviewer:  Yeah
678:  They don't sting you
Interviewer:  They don't sting no oh I didn't know that
678:  I've never been stung by one never heard of anyone #1 Getting stung by one #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh # Mm-hmm
678:  I still dodge them #1 I know I don't trust them #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh you do # Yeah yeah um what about those insects that'll like if you go through the tall grass it'll get in your skin and make you itch you can't even hardly see them
678:  Chiggers
Interviewer:  Chiggers you ever heard those called red bugs
678:  Mm-hmm
Interviewer:  Yeah
678:  They call them Some people call them red bugs {NW} I think uh Probably if you go up in an encyclopedia well that's what you'd find #1 It'd be red bugs #
Interviewer:  #2 Red bugs #
678:  {NW} #1 Maybe #
Interviewer:  #2 How #
678:  Instead of chiggers but we always call them chiggers because that's the way we grew up calling them
Interviewer:  Uh-huh how about the insects that hop around in the grass
678:  You mean the grasshoppers
Interviewer:  Grasshoppers have you ever heard them called a hoppergrass
678:  Yeah #1 Now a lot of #
Interviewer:  #2 You have #
678:  people call them that
Interviewer:  Oh you have
678:  And we have a lot of Ticks in the hills and the mountains and we've got this year we we've got The first time in a long time we've been infested with small ticks
Interviewer:  Hmm
678:  What we call seed ticks
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  Get all over the dogs
Interviewer:  Hmm
678:  And they'd even get the They get on your shoes tromp them in the house fortunately we haven't had them #1 But Truman #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm #
678:  Down below us had to spray for them
Interviewer:  Hmm
678:  Now the old dogs are just covered up with them
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  And I We took tweezers and picked them off
Interviewer:  Oh
678:  Must have been dozens
Interviewer:  Hmm
678:  But we still have lots of chiggers and Chick chicks and tiggers they call them
Interviewer:  Chicks and tiggers how about a little fish that people use for bait
678:  You mean you mean the minnows
Interviewer:  And uh what do you call the thing that a spider
678:  His web
Interviewer:  If it's up in the corner of a room do you call it just
678:  Yeah it's a web
Interviewer:  #1 It's a web #
678:  #2 {NW} # Wherever he builds it
Interviewer:  Wherever he builds it
678:  Sometimes he runs them a strand across to the next corner you know
Interviewer:  How about what do you call the kind of tree that you tap for syrup
678:  Uh sugar maple
Interviewer:  Yeah do you know what you call a a group of those trees together
678:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh #
678:  #1 I'll have to go down to find that out #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah # What kind of uh what kind of shade trees common shade trees would there be around here
678:  {D: Bare} We have I guess every species that grows here We have uh uh several species of oak And the red oak and the white oak and in the red oak you have the old The red oak {NW} And the pin oak
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  And the water oak
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  And then in the white oak family you have the original white oak And uh the Overcup And uh then there's another one I can't think of the name of them there's three that The white oak has an enormous Heart red heart And very little sap So you get good post timber out of that the heart won't rot And also it doesn't warp when you make it into lumber It has kind of a white scaly bark and a forked leaf
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  And the Overcups have a small heart and lots of sap
Interviewer:  Uh-huh oh
678:  The Overcup and the Cow cow itch we called them cow itch #1 Oak #
Interviewer:  #2 Huh #
678:  And They don't make good post they make good wood and they make good lumber but it has tendency to warp more than the white oak
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  White oak is Almost uh Warped out I mean we don't have much of a #1 Real white oak anymore #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm # Mm-hmm
678:  Then we have the ash we have the white ash and the pumpkin ash
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  We have the weeping willow and the umbrella willow and the water willow
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  And we have the elm or piss elm whichever one you're gonna piss Piss elm is really the name of it you know
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm mm-hmm
678:  And uh {NW} Several maples {X} We have the soft maple and the white maple
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  We have the sycamore
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  We have the um Boxelder we have the Mulberries
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  And the pecan and the walnuts {NS} {X}
Interviewer:  Now how about fruit trees do you have
678:  {X}
Interviewer:  You have the cherry
678:  We have the cherries There's one across uh my neighbor has one across #1 My house #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh your neighbor has a #
678:  I have a Peach and a apricot
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  And then I have a A plum
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  That's uh about the extent of my fruit Except for grapes I grow grapes That's not a tree but it's A vine family And then we have the redbud tree and the white Uh the the Do- dogwood {NW} I have a redbud that {X} My front yard Several other trees the cottonwood I have the cottonwood Oh I could go on {X}
Interviewer:  There there's a a a big shrub kind of a big bush that has uh little red berries on it that uh some people say they're poisonous
678:  Well I'm not too familiar with some of them now that we have bushes in our yard that's called a Nandina that has Red red berries
Interviewer:  Have you ever heard of anything called anything like a {D: sumac}
678:  Uh yeah
Interviewer:  What's it is that is that what you call it you call it a
678:  It's a there's a sumac and it has uh {NW} Berries on it but
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  I I don't believe they're poisonous #1 They they used them one time #
Interviewer:  #2 You don't think they're oh that's not #
678:  Make ink out of them
Interviewer:  Oh to make ink
678:  #1 A lot of the old #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh #
678:  A lot of the unions in the early settlers used {NW} That and the elderberry Elderberries also have a
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  {NW} A a berry on them that Late in fall you can just Get a mash them up in your hands red just blood red #1 See #
Interviewer:  #2 Hmm #
678:  And it it makes good pretty good eating because it's hard to wash off your hand
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
678:  We used to write our names on our cotton sacks when we were picking cotton And get uh elderberries Write our name with elderberries On the cotton sack
Interviewer:  Hmm that's really pleasant um well now how about um any roots that people would use for anything
678:  To tea
Interviewer:  Yeah
678:  Sassafras
Interviewer:  Uh-huh
678:  {NW}
Interviewer:  About time
678:  There's a there's other roots they used to use for um Making Medicines but I'm not Qualified to Elaborate on them ones but I I could drink the sassafras tea
Interviewer:  Oh you have
678:  I dug them up and I know that it makes good pretty good tea and There used to be an old saying that They'd cut to get those roots and then the {NS}