Interviewer:  Linguistic Atlas of the Southern States personal data sheet interviewer Joan Wayner. Date December twenty-sixth nineteen seventy-three. {NS} Interviewer Joan Wayner December the twenty-sixth nineteen seventy-three. The community?
703:  Uh s- White Oak Community.
Interviewer:  The county?
703:  Cleveland.
Interviewer:  The state?
703:  Arkansas.
Interviewer:  Alright, the informant? That's your name. {B} Your address?
703:  Present one or {D: is that the one that} I was raised at?
Interviewer:  Present one. {B} {NS} Birthplace? Your birthplace.
703:  {X}
Interviewer:  Where were you born?
703:  White Oak.
Interviewer:  White Oak. Now the community you live in right now is it called White Oak?
703:  No.
Interviewer:  Well tell me the community you live in right now.
703:  Oh. It's uh Watson Chapel.
Interviewer:  Watson Chapel #1 Alright. #
703:  #2 Uh-huh. # I thought you wanted to know where I's born. No Watson Chapel. Alright. {NS} And your age? Seventy-four.
Interviewer:  Seventy-four. Female. White race. Occupation?
703:  Housewife.
Interviewer:  Religion?
703:  Church of Christ.
Interviewer:  Uh tell me what your uh education is. The schools you last attended the last grade completed.
703:  Eleventh.
Interviewer:  Eleventh grade. Where did you complete this?
703:  Rising Arkansas.
Interviewer:  Alright. Now social contacts. Working companions business contacts close friends your church clubs and travel.
703:  Well
Interviewer:  #1 Let's start #
703:  #2 {D: Let's say} #
Interviewer:  #1 Well okay let's start with #
703:  #2 I'd say there's # a lot in line there.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
703:  Uh.
Interviewer:  Let's start with uh working companions.
703:  {X} #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 None? Alright. # Uh business contacts?
703:  Taking care of property and paying the bills.
Interviewer:  Your close friends?
703:  Well I have close friends uh I don't wanna name.
Interviewer:  You don't have to name 'em. Church you belong to?
703:  Church of Christ. {X}
Interviewer:  Is it here in Pine Bluff or in
703:  #1 {D: Ford Ford Hazen.} #
Interviewer:  #2 Watson Chapel? #
703:  {D: Ford Ethan Hazen.}
Interviewer:  Ford Ethan Hazen. Okay do you belong to any clubs?
703:  I belong to the homemaker's club.
Interviewer:  Homemakers. Now tell me about some of your travels. Tell me where all you've been. As far as #1 where you've traveled? #
703:  #2 Well # Uh I've been to New Orleans. I've been down on the coast down there where those beautiful old {D:rooms}. I don't I can't remember.
Interviewer:  Where in Mississippi have you been?
703:  That's what I said that's
Interviewer:  Oh you can't remember?
703:  Can't remember that name of those beautiful old {D: rooms}. Natchez.
Interviewer:  Natchez?
703:  Natchez.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
703:  And uh then we went out west. Went up to uh na- Yellowstone National Park.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  Then went down crossed the Golden Bridge. Went into Idaho.
Interviewer:  What southern
703:  #1 Went to #
Interviewer:  #2 states #
703:  Colorado and went up Pike's Peak.
Interviewer:  What southern states have you visited?
703:  Well uh As I said been to New Orleans two or three times. Been to Florida two or three times.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And to come back we'd come back through Georgia
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
703:  #2 and Alabama. #
Interviewer:  Okay when you were in Florida what cities did you visit in Florida?
703:  We just went clear 'round the coast.
Interviewer:  So you went to #1 Miami? #
703:  #2 Wen- went # from Mobile and come out Jacksonville.
Interviewer:  Alright. Um did you go through the steel city in Alabama? The one that's the big steel city?
703:  I don't remember. We
Interviewer:  Birmingham have you been to Birmingham?
703:  We we just went throughout those states coming home.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. In Georgia in what cities have you been?
703:  That's what I said just went through 'em.
Interviewer:  Oh you just went through 'em? #1 You didn't stop. Mm-hmm. Yeah. Uh-huh. #
703:  #2 Just came through 'em didn't stop. #
Interviewer:  Uh in South Carolina you ever been to any of the cities there?
703:  Uh-uh.
Interviewer:  No?
703:  #1 I been to #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh Tennessee? #
703:  Chicago.
Interviewer:  Chicago?
703:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Tennessee?
703:  Yes I've been to Knoxville and Nashville and Memphis.
Interviewer:  Chattanooga?
703:  No.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um. In Alabama can you think of any that you #1 you s- Okay. #
703:  #2 We didn't stop in Alabama at all. # We just went through Alabama and Georgia when we come out of Jacksonville Florida come home. #1 Probably. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. # In Arkansas you've visited the capital city haven't #1 you? #
703:  #2 Oh # I've been to Little Rock a lot of #1 times. Done #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  Done seen and went through the capital building and #1 and #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  and the old capital building. And uh then I've been to not Eureka Springs what's that old springs up there? That's so hilly?
Interviewer:  Um hot springs?
703:  No. Way up north {D: past} #1 Eureka. #
Interviewer:  #2 Um. #
703:  Oh Eureka.
Interviewer:  Must be Eureka Springs that's the only one I can think of right
703:  #1 I guess it is. #
Interviewer:  #2 now. Cave Springs? #
703:  I guess it is Eureka Springs. Where it's so hilly.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Where they Built that big Christ.
703:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Anne and them went there this year. #1 I is #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah. It's okay.
703:  Anne and them took a bus and went there and then they crossed over into Missouri. And and went into uh
Interviewer:  What cities did they visit in Missouri?
703:  They went into that uh Oh goodness. Oh Matt's country what what is it called?
Interviewer:  Oh you mean the uh #1 Shepherd of the #
703:  #2 {D: stars}? # hills.
Interviewer:  Oh yeah.
703:  They went into the shepherd of the hills country. #1 From Eureka Springs. #
Interviewer:  #2 Out- outside Springdale. # Uh-huh.
703:  #1 They went to shepherd of the hills. #
Interviewer:  #2 I'm pretty content {X}. #
703:  I've been to Eureka Springs only PTA convention. I I was president of the PTA here at Watson Chapel two different times.
Interviewer:  Okay. President of the PTA.
703:  I've held every office nearly in the PTA.
Interviewer:  Did your husband participate in it too?
703:  He'd go with me he didn't
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  didn't really do anything specially but just attend with me.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  I told him when I got elected I said now you're going. I said I'm not going by himself.
Interviewer:  Was he uh were you both active in the church?
703:  Oh yes. Oh he was m- he re- he read his Bible after he retired from saw metal read it so much and studied it he really knew that Bible.
Interviewer:  Did you teach Sunday school?
703:  He did.
Interviewer:  He did?
703:  Mm-hmm. And I dated him when they {X}.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And some of the women's organizations were you active in those? Do they have women's
703:  #1 They don't in the Church of Christ. #
Interviewer:  #2 organizations? They don't have any. #
703:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 They don't have those organization # Those type of organizations. Um. Tell me what your husband did for a living?
703:  Well most of his life he worked for you want me tell when he was a young man?
Interviewer:  Oh yeah as a young #1 man. #
703:  #2 He # started out working for uh the big saw mills around Kingsland Arkansas. He worked at {D: Drone} Arkansas. What they call {D: Drone}. Where it's a really big sawmill. And then as he got older and he went to Little Rock and he took a business course. And mostly to uh {NW} then he {X} as bookkeeping but he took several other subjects too. He took English and and spelling and writing and {NS} bookkeeping and banking {NS} and uh then he only used that for about six months and he kept books for a big saw mill down south Arkansas. And then he went back to uh building sawmills for the other people. And uh and in nineteen and ten or twelve he came back to Kingsland and he and and went into sawmill business for himself. {X} He did it with his brother in Carthage I don't tell that.
Interviewer:  Over at Carthage?
703:  Uh-huh. He been in the sawmill business with his brother over at Carthage.
Interviewer:  #1 Is that Carthage Arkansas? #
703:  #2 Earlier uh # Carthage Arkansas before that even
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh then uh nineteen twelve he came over from Kingsland on this he he sawmilled one year over at Kingsland. He and E. R. Buster were partners. And then came over on my side of the river and put in a big mill there and was there four years. There's where I met him and married him.
Interviewer:  And what side of the river was that? What river was that?
703:  That was Celine River.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
703:  And uh {X}
Interviewer:  Now what county was that you lived in?
703:  I lived in Cleveland and he was raised in uh Kingsland's in #1 Cleveland. #
Interviewer:  #2 Cleveland. Mm-hmm. # And then You lived in another county before that didn't you? For your childhood years?
703:  No.
Interviewer:  No? You've always lived in this county?
703:  Al- Always lived in Cleveland 'til we moved here. Cleveland Grant and
Interviewer:  #1 What is this county? #
703:  #2 back to Jeff- # Huh?
Interviewer:  What is this county?
703:  This is Jefferson.
Interviewer:  Oh I see I need to change that then. Okay. Uh those are adjoining counties #1 aren't they? #
703:  #2 Uh-huh. # I said we just made a circle. I was #1 born born and raised in #
Interviewer:  #2 How long How long did you ever {X} #
703:  Cleveland County and then we moved up here and for a while in his life he had uh he sold automobiles. He was a salesman he and my brother were in uh I don't know how to say this. But uh they were like Bill and Paul.
Interviewer:  Partnership.
703:  Partnership.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Selling uh not Ford which one is it?
Interviewer:  Chevrolet?
703:  Chevrolet cars. #1 Mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  We stayed we stayed here lived here in Pine Bluff uh several years.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Then moved to Sheridan
Interviewer:  #1 And Sheridan was the #
703:  #2 before he went back in # sawmill business.
Interviewer:  And that was in what county now?
703:  That was Grant County.
Interviewer:  Grant County. Okay now how many years did you live in Grant County?
703:  Five.
Interviewer:  Five years?
703:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  And that's when you were first married?
703:  No.
Interviewer:  No?
703:  We lived in Pine Bluff here.
Interviewer:  When you were first married?
703:  Well first married we sa- he sawmilling down in Cleveland County.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Right near me.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  That's when he'd come over from Kingsland.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And was sawmilling there in about a mile of where I lived.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And so then you moved
703:  #1 to Jefferson County. #
Interviewer:  #2 and then he County. #
703:  And he was in the car business.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
703:  #1 He had the dealership. That's what you call it. #
Interviewer:  #2 How long How long did you live there? # How long did you live there? Here?
703:  Two or three years is all.
Interviewer:  Okay and then you moved to Grant County.
703:  Uh-huh we was there five years.
Interviewer:  Five years.
703:  Him sawmilling.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And then?
703:  And then uh went back to Cleveland County. I said we just made a circle back to Cleveland County. And then we moved up here and bought this piece of ground nearly four- nearly fourteen acres. and built us a home over there that white house over there first.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. You mean the one next door?
703:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  And you lived in that one?
703:  Because I was married we were living in it.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And when did you build this one?
703:  {NS} About eleven years ago I guess.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  He didn't get to live in it so long 'til he passed away.
Interviewer:  When did he pass away?
703:  In nineteen hundred and sixty-seven.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  We had our golden wedding nineteen sixty-six.
Interviewer:  Hmm.
703:  And he just like two weeks of having another year together. Nineteen he died nineteen May the fifteenth nineteen sixty seven.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And our golden wedding was June tenth nineteen sixty-six.
Interviewer:  June tenth.
703:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  That was a long time together wasn't it? {NS} And you had um you have some land next to you don't you? With some houses on it too?
703:  Yes. Still Still own the old house. The old red house down next to {D: that}. {D: And I own three down on what they call Ringway Drive.} Another street down there.
Interviewer:  #1 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. #
703:  #2 Below here. # Sold this one over here. North Avenue.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Two three years two years ago.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. So uh you do that in your spare time you take care of those and rent them out?
703:  Mm-hmm. Ha- have to. Don't have any help anymore.
Interviewer:  Can't find anybody to help ya? {NW}
703:  Well I don't want to marry again so {NW} no one to help me.
Interviewer:  Your parents birthplace where was your mother born?
703:  I was tryna think of that.
Interviewer:  Well if you don't know-
703:  I do know I just {D: forgot.}
Interviewer:  Okay.
703:  {X}
Interviewer:  Can you think where your father was born?
703:  Yes he was born White Oak Township {NS}
Interviewer:  White Oak Township in Cleveland County? {NS}
703:  {X}
Interviewer:  How were your parent education? Your mother's and your father's.
703:  Well my father was teaching school
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  when he met my mother. In fact he was boarding with my mother's father and mother.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh
Interviewer:  So-
703:  Uh they dated.
Interviewer:  How many years did he go to school? Do you think?
703:  I don't know how many years but he
Interviewer:  Did your mother go to school at all?
703:  Oh yes she's going to school with him when they got married.
Interviewer:  Oh.
703:  Just before they got married she
Interviewer:  Okay. She went her last school then.
703:  About what age was she
Interviewer:  #1 married? #
703:  #2 She married # when she's nineteen.
Interviewer:  Nineteen. So she
703:  And he was twenty-one. {X}
Interviewer:  So if she went to school 'til she was nineteen would that mean that she went every year or did she-
703:  Yes she went every
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
703:  #2 year that- # Short terms they had in those days.
Interviewer:  Oh short terms.
703:  That's what I said the short terms they had in those days.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And
703:  This tells when we were married nobody does
Interviewer:  What about your parents' occupations.
703:  Well uh that's why I said pa- my father #1 taught #
Interviewer:  #2 was #
703:  school.
Interviewer:  Okay.
703:  And uh was teaching uh up until after my mo- he and my mother were married.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh- {X} in Grant County where she {X} {X}
Interviewer:  Was your mother a hou- house wife?
703:  Yes. That's all my {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. {NS} {NS}
703:  They call it the {X} {NS} I
Interviewer:  Okay.
703:  I do just as well.
Interviewer:  Okay and that was in Grant County Arkansas.
703:  Grant County Arkansas and uh they were to be married in church Baptist church there. Close to her home. On one Sunday. {X} March the twenty-first.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Eighteen hundred ninety-seven. And uh there were no roads. And then a lotta rain. So the creeks and rivers were all all overflowed. My father's brother was a minister. And a teacher. But at that time he wasn't married. And uh my father got his brother and his cousin. {B} his brother. {B} to ride horses through the floodwaters and go ahead and tell my mother that he'd be there as soon as he could get there. Because he was goi- ha- buggy and horse going in the buggy to bring my mother back down to his parents' home. {NW} then {NW} the next day after they were married.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And he had to go d- drive clear around {D: the Sheridan} And the preacher {X}
Interviewer:  Oh that's okay.
703:  Cause it's all {X}
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh the preacher couldn't get there through the floodwaters. So and when my father did get there why uh they were just married there in my mother's home.
Interviewer:  Okay.
703:  My mother's yes. {X}
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  {D: At Derrisaux Arkansas.} {X} D-E-R-R-I-S-A-U-X. {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Can you tell me anything about your uh grandparents? Uh let's say on your mother's side of the family first. If you know anything if you remember.
703:  Well, he was {B} {X} {B} and
Interviewer:  Where was he born? Do you happen to know? It's okay if you don't.
703:  I don't.
Interviewer:  Do you know his education?
703:  I don't.
Interviewer:  Okay. What was his occupation?
703:  Farmer. And stock raiser.
Interviewer:  And stock raiser. Um do you know anything about earlier ancestry? Where your family like the {B} where they came from? you don't have
703:  Mama did but I was too {X} written it down. I don't remember.
Interviewer:  You don't have any idea what country your {X} came from.
703:  What about your father's grandparents? My father's grandparents?
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  {NS} I don't know them either. #1 I just know my grandparents. #
Interviewer:  #2 You don't {X} #
703:  #1 I know my father's #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
703:  parents and they were my grandparents but I
Interviewer:  Yeah.
703:  I don't know my father's grandparents. Didn't know.
Interviewer:  Okay. #1 Uh #
703:  #2 My # grandfather {B} died nineteen twelve.
Interviewer:  Let's see now this would be
703:  He was {B} {B}
Interviewer:  Is your
703:  Was my grandfather.
Interviewer:  Okay that's what I want. {B} Okay.
703:  And uh his wife was {B} Where she married him.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now can you tell me either one of their birthplaces that would be #1 that would've #
703:  #2 I #
Interviewer:  been your grandparents on your father's side of the family isn't that right? {B}
703:  I just know that during the Civil War my grandfather taught school and my grandmother went to him. Just like my father and mother
Interviewer:  #1 Oh really? #
703:  #2 She went school # to him.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh my grandmother lived up in Grant County.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Between uh up in I I I don't know what the name of the community was.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay that's fine. #
703:  #2 But she lived up # there and he taught school. And uh
Interviewer:  #1 What kind of an education #
703:  #2 My granfa- # -ther, Bill, came from one of the Carolinas.
Interviewer:  Oh.
703:  I don't know #1 which one. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. # Well that's alright. And what about {B} you happen to know where she came from?
703:  Well that's my grandmother.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
703:  The one I said-
Interviewer:  Okay but I thought maybe-
703:  As far as I know she was raised in Grant County.
Interviewer:  #1 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. #
703:  #2 As far as I know. #
Interviewer:  Uh what about the occupation of your grandfather?
703:  I see he taught #1 school. #
Interviewer:  #2 Taught # school okay I've got that.
703:  And was in the Civil War. He fought in the Civil War on the Union side.
Interviewer:  {NS} Okay.
703:  He didn't believe in slavery therefore he He t- he fought on the Union side. He was in the something Wisconsin infantry.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Okay now let's go back to your your it would be your grandparents on your mother's side of the family and that was {B}
703:  #1 Mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  #2 Is that right? # Okay did he have a wife and do you know her #1 My mother's #
703:  #2 name? # mother died when she was so young she said she could scarcely remember her. Then he married again uh a widow woman.
Interviewer:  Okay and
703:  And uh n- I don't know {X} She had tuberculosis.
Interviewer:  She had what?
703:  Tuberculosis. Didn't live long.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Tuberculosis?
703:  And didn't live long. Had one child and it died. Then he married this widow. And she had one child. And then they lived together long time. And she has pneumonia and died.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And then he went to live with my mother's half brother.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. {X} Let's go on down to uh
703:  See he outlived three wives.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um I didn't write it down but your husband's education. He went to a business school you said didn't he?
703:  First went to Kingsland's school. And then when he was about uh
Interviewer:  And was he the church of Christ religion too?
703:  He wasn't anything when I married him. #1 His people were Baptist. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. # Okay.
703:  But he- he uh was united with the Church of Christ. We had been married many years. And he was baptized in the Church of Christ.
Interviewer:  Can you tell me anything about either one of your parents' ancestry? I think I asked you earlier but this goes on then ask again. Or about uh your husband's parents' ancestry. What country they came #1 Well now #
703:  #2 from? # my my husband's mother she was a society belle and was raised back before the Civil War. And had slaves of her own to wait on her. And uh her mother and father died though when they were- she was rather young. And uh her older sister was married to a doctor {B} Warren Arkansas. And uh they took her down there. And then they sent her to a girls' finishing school academy. At Princeton Arkansas. Where she took music and dancing.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  They were Presbyterians.
Interviewer:  Presbyterians.
703:  And my fa- my husband's father came down from near the Capital of Missouri. Can't remember exactly.
Interviewer:  Columbia? Near there?
703:  Springfield is definitely
Interviewer:  Springfield? Okay.
703:  Came and fought in the Civil War on the South's side. On the Confederate.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  For the Confederate. And he was also a writing teacher. The most beautiful {X} and taught it. People did back in those days you never hear such a thing now. But uh then as the war was over my husband's mother was I'll say {B} was teaching school. And uh of course she lost her slaves and when the war in the war when the Lincoln declared the what is it? Something proclamation?
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  {X} He declared the Well he may have freed the slaves.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  On the nineteenth of June way back then the Civil War.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Oh Ema- Emanci-
703:  The proclamation.
Interviewer:  Ema- uh
703:  The Emancipation
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. #
703:  #2 Proclamation. # When Lincoln declared the Emancipation Proclamation and it freed all the slaves.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Then grandmother Griffin had no more slaves. She went to teaching.
Interviewer:  Okay.
703:  And grandfather Griffin is I said came down from Missouri.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh then they met and were married. After the Civil War was over. I've got all that books down there if I could just find it.
Interviewer:  {NW} That's okay.
703:  Oh I got it all and where she passed away and where she lived and all.
Interviewer:  Um okay tell me about the community you live in. The size of it
703:  #1 Watson Chapel? #
Interviewer:  #2 some of the people. # Uh-huh. Some of the people. Um.
703:  Well I really don't know but Watson Chapel I'd say it have about three thousand people in it now. I just- just a wild guess.
Interviewer:  Three thousand.
703:  Uh-huh because all back behind me here there's just new settlements gone up new settlements gone up.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
703:  Sights that surround me here that you can see all back over that ways.
Interviewer:  Okay. What do you suppose mo- the occupation of many of the people are in this community Watson Chapel? Or can you name some of the things that are-
703:  Well the man that lives next door in my house is a painter.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And his wife babysits.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Part time.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  {B} Live across the street. He works for the uh Department {X} They have children in court What's that called?
Interviewer:  Juvenile
703:  #1 Juvenile #
Interviewer:  #2 court? #
703:  court.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What about um Are there any types of plants or businesses? What types of something like mills or plants or businesses in this community? Any large ones?
703:  Yes there's some and I don't even know about. I hear 'em advertised and I don't even know about 'em. I hear 'em advertised on television so and so is at Watson Chapel.
Interviewer:  What do they manufacture or what do they build or
703:  Well
Interviewer:  #1 there is a #
703:  #2 Can you name any names or # uh cabinet place because I called him tried to get him come build me a cabinet. But what his name is now I can't remember that either.
Interviewer:  Are there um
703:  And there's sto- and there's st- there's uh one st- good store here.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  One further down
Interviewer:  #1 What kind of store #
703:  #2 the highway. #
Interviewer:  is that?
703:  Just general
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
703:  #2 store. # Grocery no {X} no it's a grocery store.
Interviewer:  #1 Oh okay. #
703:  #2 It sells # uh some other things
Interviewer:  Okay.
703:  Mostly groceries.
Interviewer:  {NS}
703:  Then this one further down the road. Same way.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Um What about any factories or manufacturing places? Can you think of any? Um are there farms? In this community? No farms?
703:  All farms have died out even where I was born and raised when there was nothing but farms now there's no farms out there.
Interviewer:  You would say that these three thousand people uh
703:  Work in town.
Interviewer:  Oh okay. Work in where? Are you talking a-
703:  Work #1 in Pine Bluff. #
Interviewer:  #2 Pine Bluff. # Work in Pine Bluff but they live here.
703:  Uh-huh. Or salesman or something like that.
Interviewer:  Okay. What about churches?
703:  Oh well now {B} there works for the International Paper Company. {B} over here works for the International Paper Company.
Interviewer:  Is- is that located in Watson Chapel?
703:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Watson Paper Company is located in #1 Watson Chapel? #
703:  #2 Loo- International # Paper Comp- no. #1 It's way down #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
703:  there. That's what I
Interviewer:  #1 thought. #
703:  #2 It's #
Interviewer:  I'm talking about just businesses in Watson Chapel. In this community.
703:  They just work for 'em #1 driving back #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
703:  and forth.
Interviewer:  So then actually this is a community of homes then you would say?
703:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Instead of businesses and manufacturing plants it's a community more of homes.
703:  And churches there's ever so many churches #1 let's see. #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh there are? # Okay.
703:  Let's see there sh- the methodist church of and two Baptist churches and {X}
Interviewer:  Schools. How many schools?
703:  Just the one big the there's the Watson Chapel High School. And the L. L. Owen Elementary School.
Interviewer:  Okay just two schools then in this community.
703:  Really it's all except the high school is down here at the end of this street and Owen Elementary is over here on this street because there wasn't room to build a elementary. #1 This school as #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. #
703:  as many people were moving into this district. Moving out here to go to school. {X} They just had to build more buildings and they wasn't didn't have anymore ground to build on.
Interviewer:  Why did #1 they move that school? #
703:  #2 {X} # Build a nice band building and they had a- a gr- a great big uh ball ground down there and that took up the place. So then they bought this land across the street over here. #1 They had to put in #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
703:  elementary school and named it after Mr. Owen our tea- superintendent for twenty some-odd years.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And its called L.L. Owen Elementary School.
Interviewer:  Why did so many people move out here to go to this school?
703:  I don't know if they just moved because of the school but they just moved to get out of town.
Interviewer:  Oh to get out of Pine Bluff.
703:  Just to get out o- and from different places.
Interviewer:  Okay. What would you say then that the uh the best thing is about living in Watson Chapel? Why do you think those people wanted to leave Pine Bluff and live here?
703:  That's a hard question.
Interviewer:  Well that'd just be your own opinion.
703:  I know why we came here. Cause my husband never wanted to live in he didn't like it when we lived in Pine Bluff. He said he didn't like to be crowded. And that's why he bought this big piece of ground and then after he retired from sawmilling. Went to building these rent houses.
Interviewer:  Okay.
703:  For something to have old age retirement. From the rent house.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And we sold two or three houses. And uh still ha- I have five.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh You want to know why they came out? By all didn't come out of Pine Bluff they just came from various places #1 here. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
703:  Because they li- it wa- it's a nice clean community. And at that time see there's no liquor stores. #1 Nothing like that. #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh. # Okay no liquor stores here.
703:  No. And um nothing bad at all around here. And at that time there were no blacks.
Interviewer:  Okay no #1 blacks. #
703:  #2 I- in this school. #
Interviewer:  #1 How long ago was that? #
703:  #2 Although although # Well when we moved here 'til they made 'em integrate.
Interviewer:  When was that?
703:  I don't remember the year they started making them integrate. Do you?
Interviewer:  Was it recently? Last couple of years?
703:  Oh it's longer back than that. Don't you know when
Interviewer:  They
703:  No you wasn't living here when the government called out the guards.
Interviewer:  Yeah but uh didn't they recently have uh some problem with them not integrating enough? Because it was in the newspapers last #1 year or year before last? #
703:  #2 Mm. Yeah. Oh yes. # They they tried to got 'em uh a lawyer and tried to keep from integrating Watson Chapel because this Coleman High School over here was all negroes and it's in the Watson Chapel district.
Interviewer:  So you do have bla- blacks living in Watson Chapel?
703:  District. In the school district but nowhere close around here.
Interviewer:  Well in the the incorporated #1 community of Watson Chapel you have- #
703:  #2 Wel- par- part of Watson Chapel # school district goes way up in Pine Bluff.
Interviewer:  Oh. Okay. So you have blacks living in a part of Watson Chapel
703:  School district.
Interviewer:  school district #1 not Wa- not Watso- #
703:  #2 Don't say Watson Chapel just say # Cause they don't call it Watson Chapel over there.
Interviewer:  Oh I see.
703:  It's in the district.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Just like Pine as the school district goes way up in Pine Bluff.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And also goes way down in the country to around oh goodness I don't know I used to go down there with Mister Winslow and we'd go and take him and getting the children come in to have their tests. And I was working with PTA so much But anyhow Watson Chapel is a real big district.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And yes {X} Watson Chapel has more schools than that. It's Edgewood and oh Coleman and there they were all originally black but now they're all integrated. And uh Edgewood's in Watson Chapel. It's in Pine Bluff but still it's Watson Chapel district like I told you.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What do you think about this integration?
703:  No use to express my opinion because there's nothing I can do about it.
Interviewer:  {NW}
703:  And I don't have- I haven't had any children to have to go you know
Interviewer:  #1 Mm-hmm. #
703:  #2 eh # since the integration.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  My children were all grown up.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And didn't have to go through any of it. But as far I do not hate the blacks as a race.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  I think they have a lot of them have just as much sense as the white people do. If they have this chance. Mister L.L. Owen talked to me one time about it and I was talking to him. And I said Mister Owen can they we call them niggers they like to be called blacks now I said uh can they learn? He said given the same opportunity all races on this earth can learn equally to the white race. Given now that's the big thing given the same opportunity. And we are now reaping the reward of them being the blacks being brought in here as slaves. Years and years and years ago. Before long before the Civil War don't you see.
Interviewer:  Why do you #1 say- #
703:  #2 And that's # what the Civil War was over.
Interviewer:  Why do you say we're what rewards are we reaping?
703:  We're reaping the rewards of the niggers killing us and raping and uh #1 and uh and and #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh I see what you mean. #
703:  And having to go to school with 'em whether you want to or not.
Interviewer:  Because of the way we have treated them. #1 So that's what you mean. Yeah. #
703:  #2 That's what I think. #
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
703:  #2 And I've told # John and Clara that.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  That we's reap- we's reaping now what what {X} been sewn
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  years and years and years ago. because when they were first brought in eh under slavery. I saw the old slave block down in New Orleans. And you could they could take a husband from his wife if they were even legally married or just living together and take one down there and sell 'em on that save slave block. Just like you could a cow cattle now or horses. And {B} uh or you could take a a child. from his mother. and tell him or take a husband from wife or wife from the husband tell him now to get him another husband get somebody else and have more children. Because the more slaves they had the richer they were. You know I {X} that {B}
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  She- she was wealthy with the slaves. #1 Didn't have #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  to do any work. She just told them what to do. Uh there was one of them lived over Fort Eye said my husband could remember one or two of them that had been her slaves.
Interviewer:  {NW}
703:  And uh said every once in a while they'd come over to Kingsland and sit down and talk to {B} and laugh about how sh- she didn't mistreat 'em
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  but uh said she'd tell 'em to sweep the yard. Those days they swept yard with brush brooms and uh and said she'd tell 'em anyhow to clean the yard and if she didn't clean it sooner she'd make 'em do it over.
Interviewer:  How many did she have?
703:  I don't know how many.
Interviewer:  Did she have a big yard did she live in a plantation type house or just a great big house or?
703:  Uh well at that time you see she wasn't married she didn't marry 'til after the Civil War she didn't marry 'til she was twenty-eight years old.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  After the Civil War.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Eh but her parents see she lived a while most of her life with that ha- with that sister of hers that was married to doctor {B} #1 at Warren Arkansas. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. #
703:  And he was wealthy
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  with slaves and then I think he got most of the property that gr- {B} should've gotten some of and didn't. #1 Now I wouldn't #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  want that put in there.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh cause his wife never did learn to cook. Grandmother Griffin had to learn to cook after she married the poor man like she had married. He was poor because he had nothing after the slaves were s- or she didn't either after they were freed Ema- Emancipation Proclamation. And uh so she had to learn to cook. But uh doctor {B} being a doctor and then getting all that property too uh why uh {NW} hi- his wife was older sister my husband's mother and she never learned to cook she always kept a hired cook long as she lived.
Interviewer:  Hmm.
703:  And uh let me see and there's a creek out from Warner that they call Franklin Creek. see my gra- my mother in law was Amelia Jane Franklin.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And there's a creek out there I've seen it
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Between Warren and New Edinburg. And she lived a while with her brother at New Edinburg. Out in that community. May and taught school.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Before she was married. And I've seen the old uh doctor {B} house it was a two story house then called a nice home in those days.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Back in {NS}
Interviewer:  Did they have slaves just for the house work or did they have some for the crops or things too that they used 'em for?
703:  I don- I don't think doctor {B} he lived right in Warren I don't think he was anything but a doctor.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  #1 And they just- just had the house and used 'em #
Interviewer:  #2 So they just did- they cooked and #
703:  for slaves and they had to cook and everything like that. And uh so did gr- {B} 'til they were freed.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Like said that they come over Fort Eye and sat down there and talked to her and laugh about how she treated 'em said she never whipped 'em or nothing like that she just said said I'll ta-