Interviewer:  Linguistic Atlas of the Southern States personal data sheet interviewer Joan Wayner. Date December twenty-sixth nineteen seventy-three. {NS} Interviewer Joan Wayner December the twenty-sixth nineteen seventy-three. The community?
703:  Uh s- White Oak Community.
Interviewer:  The county?
703:  Cleveland.
Interviewer:  The state?
703:  Arkansas.
Interviewer:  Alright, the informant? That's your name. {B} Your address?
703:  Present one or {D: is that the one that} I was raised at?
Interviewer:  Present one. {B} {NS} Birthplace? Your birthplace.
703:  {X}
Interviewer:  Where were you born?
703:  White Oak.
Interviewer:  White Oak. Now the community you live in right now is it called White Oak?
703:  No.
Interviewer:  Well tell me the community you live in right now.
703:  Oh. It's uh Watson Chapel.
Interviewer:  Watson Chapel #1 Alright. #
703:  #2 Uh-huh. # I thought you wanted to know where I's born. No Watson Chapel. Alright. {NS} And your age? Seventy-four.
Interviewer:  Seventy-four. Female. White race. Occupation?
703:  Housewife.
Interviewer:  Religion?
703:  Church of Christ.
Interviewer:  Uh tell me what your uh education is. The schools you last attended the last grade completed.
703:  Eleventh.
Interviewer:  Eleventh grade. Where did you complete this?
703:  Rising Arkansas.
Interviewer:  Alright. Now social contacts. Working companions business contacts close friends your church clubs and travel.
703:  Well
Interviewer:  #1 Let's start #
703:  #2 {D: Let's say} #
Interviewer:  #1 Well okay let's start with #
703:  #2 I'd say there's # a lot in line there.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
703:  Uh.
Interviewer:  Let's start with uh working companions.
703:  {X} #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 None? Alright. # Uh business contacts?
703:  Taking care of property and paying the bills.
Interviewer:  Your close friends?
703:  Well I have close friends uh I don't wanna name.
Interviewer:  You don't have to name 'em. Church you belong to?
703:  Church of Christ. {X}
Interviewer:  Is it here in Pine Bluff or in
703:  #1 {D: Ford Ford Hazen.} #
Interviewer:  #2 Watson Chapel? #
703:  {D: Ford Ethan Hazen.}
Interviewer:  Ford Ethan Hazen. Okay do you belong to any clubs?
703:  I belong to the homemaker's club.
Interviewer:  Homemakers. Now tell me about some of your travels. Tell me where all you've been. As far as #1 where you've traveled? #
703:  #2 Well # Uh I've been to New Orleans. I've been down on the coast down there where those beautiful old {D:rooms}. I don't I can't remember.
Interviewer:  Where in Mississippi have you been?
703:  That's what I said that's
Interviewer:  Oh you can't remember?
703:  Can't remember that name of those beautiful old {D: rooms}. Natchez.
Interviewer:  Natchez?
703:  Natchez.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
703:  And uh then we went out west. Went up to uh na- Yellowstone National Park.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  Then went down crossed the Golden Bridge. Went into Idaho.
Interviewer:  What southern
703:  #1 Went to #
Interviewer:  #2 states #
703:  Colorado and went up Pike's Peak.
Interviewer:  What southern states have you visited?
703:  Well uh As I said been to New Orleans two or three times. Been to Florida two or three times.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And to come back we'd come back through Georgia
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
703:  #2 and Alabama. #
Interviewer:  Okay when you were in Florida what cities did you visit in Florida?
703:  We just went clear 'round the coast.
Interviewer:  So you went to #1 Miami? #
703:  #2 Wen- went # from Mobile and come out Jacksonville.
Interviewer:  Alright. Um did you go through the steel city in Alabama? The one that's the big steel city?
703:  I don't remember. We
Interviewer:  Birmingham have you been to Birmingham?
703:  We we just went throughout those states coming home.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. In Georgia in what cities have you been?
703:  That's what I said just went through 'em.
Interviewer:  Oh you just went through 'em? #1 You didn't stop. Mm-hmm. Yeah. Uh-huh. #
703:  #2 Just came through 'em didn't stop. #
Interviewer:  Uh in South Carolina you ever been to any of the cities there?
703:  Uh-uh.
Interviewer:  No?
703:  #1 I been to #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh Tennessee? #
703:  Chicago.
Interviewer:  Chicago?
703:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Tennessee?
703:  Yes I've been to Knoxville and Nashville and Memphis.
Interviewer:  Chattanooga?
703:  No.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um. In Alabama can you think of any that you #1 you s- Okay. #
703:  #2 We didn't stop in Alabama at all. # We just went through Alabama and Georgia when we come out of Jacksonville Florida come home. #1 Probably. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. # In Arkansas you've visited the capital city haven't #1 you? #
703:  #2 Oh # I've been to Little Rock a lot of #1 times. Done #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  Done seen and went through the capital building and #1 and #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  and the old capital building. And uh then I've been to not Eureka Springs what's that old springs up there? That's so hilly?
Interviewer:  Um hot springs?
703:  No. Way up north {D: past} #1 Eureka. #
Interviewer:  #2 Um. #
703:  Oh Eureka.
Interviewer:  Must be Eureka Springs that's the only one I can think of right
703:  #1 I guess it is. #
Interviewer:  #2 now. Cave Springs? #
703:  I guess it is Eureka Springs. Where it's so hilly.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. Where they Built that big Christ.
703:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Anne and them went there this year. #1 I is #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  {X}
Interviewer:  Yeah. It's okay.
703:  Anne and them took a bus and went there and then they crossed over into Missouri. And and went into uh
Interviewer:  What cities did they visit in Missouri?
703:  They went into that uh Oh goodness. Oh Matt's country what what is it called?
Interviewer:  Oh you mean the uh #1 Shepherd of the #
703:  #2 {D: stars}? # hills.
Interviewer:  Oh yeah.
703:  They went into the shepherd of the hills country. #1 From Eureka Springs. #
Interviewer:  #2 Out- outside Springdale. # Uh-huh.
703:  #1 They went to shepherd of the hills. #
Interviewer:  #2 I'm pretty content {X}. #
703:  I've been to Eureka Springs only PTA convention. I I was president of the PTA here at Watson Chapel two different times.
Interviewer:  Okay. President of the PTA.
703:  I've held every office nearly in the PTA.
Interviewer:  Did your husband participate in it too?
703:  He'd go with me he didn't
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  didn't really do anything specially but just attend with me.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  I told him when I got elected I said now you're going. I said I'm not going by himself.
Interviewer:  Was he uh were you both active in the church?
703:  Oh yes. Oh he was m- he re- he read his Bible after he retired from saw metal read it so much and studied it he really knew that Bible.
Interviewer:  Did you teach Sunday school?
703:  He did.
Interviewer:  He did?
703:  Mm-hmm. And I dated him when they {X}.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And some of the women's organizations were you active in those? Do they have women's
703:  #1 They don't in the Church of Christ. #
Interviewer:  #2 organizations? They don't have any. #
703:  #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 They don't have those organization # Those type of organizations. Um. Tell me what your husband did for a living?
703:  Well most of his life he worked for you want me tell when he was a young man?
Interviewer:  Oh yeah as a young #1 man. #
703:  #2 He # started out working for uh the big saw mills around Kingsland Arkansas. He worked at {D: Drone} Arkansas. What they call {D: Drone}. Where it's a really big sawmill. And then as he got older and he went to Little Rock and he took a business course. And mostly to uh {NW} then he {X} as bookkeeping but he took several other subjects too. He took English and and spelling and writing and {NS} bookkeeping and banking {NS} and uh then he only used that for about six months and he kept books for a big saw mill down south Arkansas. And then he went back to uh building sawmills for the other people. And uh and in nineteen and ten or twelve he came back to Kingsland and he and and went into sawmill business for himself. {X} He did it with his brother in Carthage I don't tell that.
Interviewer:  Over at Carthage?
703:  Uh-huh. He been in the sawmill business with his brother over at Carthage.
Interviewer:  #1 Is that Carthage Arkansas? #
703:  #2 Earlier uh # Carthage Arkansas before that even
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh then uh nineteen twelve he came over from Kingsland on this he he sawmilled one year over at Kingsland. He and E. R. Buster were partners. And then came over on my side of the river and put in a big mill there and was there four years. There's where I met him and married him.
Interviewer:  And what side of the river was that? What river was that?
703:  That was Celine River.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
703:  And uh {X}
Interviewer:  Now what county was that you lived in?
703:  I lived in Cleveland and he was raised in uh Kingsland's in #1 Cleveland. #
Interviewer:  #2 Cleveland. Mm-hmm. # And then You lived in another county before that didn't you? For your childhood years?
703:  No.
Interviewer:  No? You've always lived in this county?
703:  Al- Always lived in Cleveland 'til we moved here. Cleveland Grant and
Interviewer:  #1 What is this county? #
703:  #2 back to Jeff- # Huh?
Interviewer:  What is this county?
703:  This is Jefferson.
Interviewer:  Oh I see I need to change that then. Okay. Uh those are adjoining counties #1 aren't they? #
703:  #2 Uh-huh. # I said we just made a circle. I was #1 born born and raised in #
Interviewer:  #2 How long How long did you ever {X} #
703:  Cleveland County and then we moved up here and for a while in his life he had uh he sold automobiles. He was a salesman he and my brother were in uh I don't know how to say this. But uh they were like Bill and Paul.
Interviewer:  Partnership.
703:  Partnership.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Selling uh not Ford which one is it?
Interviewer:  Chevrolet?
703:  Chevrolet cars. #1 Mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  We stayed we stayed here lived here in Pine Bluff uh several years.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Then moved to Sheridan
Interviewer:  #1 And Sheridan was the #
703:  #2 before he went back in # sawmill business.
Interviewer:  And that was in what county now?
703:  That was Grant County.
Interviewer:  Grant County. Okay now how many years did you live in Grant County?
703:  Five.
Interviewer:  Five years?
703:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  And that's when you were first married?
703:  No.
Interviewer:  No?
703:  We lived in Pine Bluff here.
Interviewer:  When you were first married?
703:  Well first married we sa- he sawmilling down in Cleveland County.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Right near me.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  That's when he'd come over from Kingsland.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And was sawmilling there in about a mile of where I lived.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And so then you moved
703:  #1 to Jefferson County. #
Interviewer:  #2 and then he County. #
703:  And he was in the car business.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
703:  #1 He had the dealership. That's what you call it. #
Interviewer:  #2 How long How long did you live there? # How long did you live there? Here?
703:  Two or three years is all.
Interviewer:  Okay and then you moved to Grant County.
703:  Uh-huh we was there five years.
Interviewer:  Five years.
703:  Him sawmilling.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And then?
703:  And then uh went back to Cleveland County. I said we just made a circle back to Cleveland County. And then we moved up here and bought this piece of ground nearly four- nearly fourteen acres. and built us a home over there that white house over there first.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. You mean the one next door?
703:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  And you lived in that one?
703:  Because I was married we were living in it.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And when did you build this one?
703:  {NS} About eleven years ago I guess.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  He didn't get to live in it so long 'til he passed away.
Interviewer:  When did he pass away?
703:  In nineteen hundred and sixty-seven.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  We had our golden wedding nineteen sixty-six.
Interviewer:  Hmm.
703:  And he just like two weeks of having another year together. Nineteen he died nineteen May the fifteenth nineteen sixty seven.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And our golden wedding was June tenth nineteen sixty-six.
Interviewer:  June tenth.
703:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  That was a long time together wasn't it? {NS} And you had um you have some land next to you don't you? With some houses on it too?
703:  Yes. Still Still own the old house. The old red house down next to {D: that}. {D: And I own three down on what they call Ringway Drive.} Another street down there.
Interviewer:  #1 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. #
703:  #2 Below here. # Sold this one over here. North Avenue.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Two three years two years ago.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. So uh you do that in your spare time you take care of those and rent them out?
703:  Mm-hmm. Ha- have to. Don't have any help anymore.
Interviewer:  Can't find anybody to help ya? {NW}
703:  Well I don't want to marry again so {NW} no one to help me.
Interviewer:  Your parents birthplace where was your mother born?
703:  I was tryna think of that.
Interviewer:  Well if you don't know-
703:  I do know I just {D: forgot.}
Interviewer:  Okay.
703:  {X}
Interviewer:  Can you think where your father was born?
703:  Yes he was born White Oak Township {NS}
Interviewer:  White Oak Township in Cleveland County? {NS}
703:  {X}
Interviewer:  How were your parent education? Your mother's and your father's.
703:  Well my father was teaching school
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  when he met my mother. In fact he was boarding with my mother's father and mother.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh
Interviewer:  So-
703:  Uh they dated.
Interviewer:  How many years did he go to school? Do you think?
703:  I don't know how many years but he
Interviewer:  Did your mother go to school at all?
703:  Oh yes she's going to school with him when they got married.
Interviewer:  Oh.
703:  Just before they got married she
Interviewer:  Okay. She went her last school then.
703:  About what age was she
Interviewer:  #1 married? #
703:  #2 She married # when she's nineteen.
Interviewer:  Nineteen. So she
703:  And he was twenty-one. {X}
Interviewer:  So if she went to school 'til she was nineteen would that mean that she went every year or did she-
703:  Yes she went every
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
703:  #2 year that- # Short terms they had in those days.
Interviewer:  Oh short terms.
703:  That's what I said the short terms they had in those days.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And
703:  This tells when we were married nobody does
Interviewer:  What about your parents' occupations.
703:  Well uh that's why I said pa- my father #1 taught #
Interviewer:  #2 was #
703:  school.
Interviewer:  Okay.
703:  And uh was teaching uh up until after my mo- he and my mother were married.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh- {X} in Grant County where she {X} {X}
Interviewer:  Was your mother a hou- house wife?
703:  Yes. That's all my {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. {NS} {NS}
703:  They call it the {X} {NS} I
Interviewer:  Okay.
703:  I do just as well.
Interviewer:  Okay and that was in Grant County Arkansas.
703:  Grant County Arkansas and uh they were to be married in church Baptist church there. Close to her home. On one Sunday. {X} March the twenty-first.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Eighteen hundred ninety-seven. And uh there were no roads. And then a lotta rain. So the creeks and rivers were all all overflowed. My father's brother was a minister. And a teacher. But at that time he wasn't married. And uh my father got his brother and his cousin. {B} his brother. {B} to ride horses through the floodwaters and go ahead and tell my mother that he'd be there as soon as he could get there. Because he was goi- ha- buggy and horse going in the buggy to bring my mother back down to his parents' home. {NW} then {NW} the next day after they were married.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And he had to go d- drive clear around {D: the Sheridan} And the preacher {X}
Interviewer:  Oh that's okay.
703:  Cause it's all {X}
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh the preacher couldn't get there through the floodwaters. So and when my father did get there why uh they were just married there in my mother's home.
Interviewer:  Okay.
703:  My mother's yes. {X}
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  {D: At Derrisaux Arkansas.} {X} D-E-R-R-I-S-A-U-X. {X}
Interviewer:  Okay. Can you tell me anything about your uh grandparents? Uh let's say on your mother's side of the family first. If you know anything if you remember.
703:  Well, he was {B} {X} {B} and
Interviewer:  Where was he born? Do you happen to know? It's okay if you don't.
703:  I don't.
Interviewer:  Do you know his education?
703:  I don't.
Interviewer:  Okay. What was his occupation?
703:  Farmer. And stock raiser.
Interviewer:  And stock raiser. Um do you know anything about earlier ancestry? Where your family like the {B} where they came from? you don't have
703:  Mama did but I was too {X} written it down. I don't remember.
Interviewer:  You don't have any idea what country your {X} came from.
703:  What about your father's grandparents? My father's grandparents?
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  {NS} I don't know them either. #1 I just know my grandparents. #
Interviewer:  #2 You don't {X} #
703:  #1 I know my father's #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
703:  parents and they were my grandparents but I
Interviewer:  Yeah.
703:  I don't know my father's grandparents. Didn't know.
Interviewer:  Okay. #1 Uh #
703:  #2 My # grandfather {B} died nineteen twelve.
Interviewer:  Let's see now this would be
703:  He was {B} {B}
Interviewer:  Is your
703:  Was my grandfather.
Interviewer:  Okay that's what I want. {B} Okay.
703:  And uh his wife was {B} Where she married him.
Interviewer:  Okay. Now can you tell me either one of their birthplaces that would be #1 that would've #
703:  #2 I #
Interviewer:  been your grandparents on your father's side of the family isn't that right? {B}
703:  I just know that during the Civil War my grandfather taught school and my grandmother went to him. Just like my father and mother
Interviewer:  #1 Oh really? #
703:  #2 She went school # to him.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh my grandmother lived up in Grant County.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Between uh up in I I I don't know what the name of the community was.
Interviewer:  #1 Okay that's fine. #
703:  #2 But she lived up # there and he taught school. And uh
Interviewer:  #1 What kind of an education #
703:  #2 My granfa- # -ther, Bill, came from one of the Carolinas.
Interviewer:  Oh.
703:  I don't know #1 which one. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. # Well that's alright. And what about {B} you happen to know where she came from?
703:  Well that's my grandmother.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
703:  The one I said-
Interviewer:  Okay but I thought maybe-
703:  As far as I know she was raised in Grant County.
Interviewer:  #1 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. #
703:  #2 As far as I know. #
Interviewer:  Uh what about the occupation of your grandfather?
703:  I see he taught #1 school. #
Interviewer:  #2 Taught # school okay I've got that.
703:  And was in the Civil War. He fought in the Civil War on the Union side.
Interviewer:  {NS} Okay.
703:  He didn't believe in slavery therefore he He t- he fought on the Union side. He was in the something Wisconsin infantry.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Okay now let's go back to your your it would be your grandparents on your mother's side of the family and that was {B}
703:  #1 Mm-hmm. #
Interviewer:  #2 Is that right? # Okay did he have a wife and do you know her #1 My mother's #
703:  #2 name? # mother died when she was so young she said she could scarcely remember her. Then he married again uh a widow woman.
Interviewer:  Okay and
703:  And uh n- I don't know {X} She had tuberculosis.
Interviewer:  She had what?
703:  Tuberculosis. Didn't live long.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Tuberculosis?
703:  And didn't live long. Had one child and it died. Then he married this widow. And she had one child. And then they lived together long time. And she has pneumonia and died.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And then he went to live with my mother's half brother.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. {X} Let's go on down to uh
703:  See he outlived three wives.
Interviewer:  Okay. Um I didn't write it down but your husband's education. He went to a business school you said didn't he?
703:  First went to Kingsland's school. And then when he was about uh
Interviewer:  And was he the church of Christ religion too?
703:  He wasn't anything when I married him. #1 His people were Baptist. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. # Okay.
703:  But he- he uh was united with the Church of Christ. We had been married many years. And he was baptized in the Church of Christ.
Interviewer:  Can you tell me anything about either one of your parents' ancestry? I think I asked you earlier but this goes on then ask again. Or about uh your husband's parents' ancestry. What country they came #1 Well now #
703:  #2 from? # my my husband's mother she was a society belle and was raised back before the Civil War. And had slaves of her own to wait on her. And uh her mother and father died though when they were- she was rather young. And uh her older sister was married to a doctor {B} Warren Arkansas. And uh they took her down there. And then they sent her to a girls' finishing school academy. At Princeton Arkansas. Where she took music and dancing.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  They were Presbyterians.
Interviewer:  Presbyterians.
703:  And my fa- my husband's father came down from near the Capital of Missouri. Can't remember exactly.
Interviewer:  Columbia? Near there?
703:  Springfield is definitely
Interviewer:  Springfield? Okay.
703:  Came and fought in the Civil War on the South's side. On the Confederate.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  For the Confederate. And he was also a writing teacher. The most beautiful {X} and taught it. People did back in those days you never hear such a thing now. But uh then as the war was over my husband's mother was I'll say {B} was teaching school. And uh of course she lost her slaves and when the war in the war when the Lincoln declared the what is it? Something proclamation?
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  {X} He declared the Well he may have freed the slaves.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  On the nineteenth of June way back then the Civil War.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Oh Ema- Emanci-
703:  The proclamation.
Interviewer:  Ema- uh
703:  The Emancipation
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. #
703:  #2 Proclamation. # When Lincoln declared the Emancipation Proclamation and it freed all the slaves.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Then grandmother Griffin had no more slaves. She went to teaching.
Interviewer:  Okay.
703:  And grandfather Griffin is I said came down from Missouri.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh then they met and were married. After the Civil War was over. I've got all that books down there if I could just find it.
Interviewer:  {NW} That's okay.
703:  Oh I got it all and where she passed away and where she lived and all.
Interviewer:  Um okay tell me about the community you live in. The size of it
703:  #1 Watson Chapel? #
Interviewer:  #2 some of the people. # Uh-huh. Some of the people. Um.
703:  Well I really don't know but Watson Chapel I'd say it have about three thousand people in it now. I just- just a wild guess.
Interviewer:  Three thousand.
703:  Uh-huh because all back behind me here there's just new settlements gone up new settlements gone up.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
703:  Sights that surround me here that you can see all back over that ways.
Interviewer:  Okay. What do you suppose mo- the occupation of many of the people are in this community Watson Chapel? Or can you name some of the things that are-
703:  Well the man that lives next door in my house is a painter.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And his wife babysits.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Part time.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  {B} Live across the street. He works for the uh Department {X} They have children in court What's that called?
Interviewer:  Juvenile
703:  #1 Juvenile #
Interviewer:  #2 court? #
703:  court.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What about um Are there any types of plants or businesses? What types of something like mills or plants or businesses in this community? Any large ones?
703:  Yes there's some and I don't even know about. I hear 'em advertised and I don't even know about 'em. I hear 'em advertised on television so and so is at Watson Chapel.
Interviewer:  What do they manufacture or what do they build or
703:  Well
Interviewer:  #1 there is a #
703:  #2 Can you name any names or # uh cabinet place because I called him tried to get him come build me a cabinet. But what his name is now I can't remember that either.
Interviewer:  Are there um
703:  And there's sto- and there's st- there's uh one st- good store here.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  One further down
Interviewer:  #1 What kind of store #
703:  #2 the highway. #
Interviewer:  is that?
703:  Just general
Interviewer:  #1 Okay. #
703:  #2 store. # Grocery no {X} no it's a grocery store.
Interviewer:  #1 Oh okay. #
703:  #2 It sells # uh some other things
Interviewer:  Okay.
703:  Mostly groceries.
Interviewer:  {NS}
703:  Then this one further down the road. Same way.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Um What about any factories or manufacturing places? Can you think of any? Um are there farms? In this community? No farms?
703:  All farms have died out even where I was born and raised when there was nothing but farms now there's no farms out there.
Interviewer:  You would say that these three thousand people uh
703:  Work in town.
Interviewer:  Oh okay. Work in where? Are you talking a-
703:  Work #1 in Pine Bluff. #
Interviewer:  #2 Pine Bluff. # Work in Pine Bluff but they live here.
703:  Uh-huh. Or salesman or something like that.
Interviewer:  Okay. What about churches?
703:  Oh well now {B} there works for the International Paper Company. {B} over here works for the International Paper Company.
Interviewer:  Is- is that located in Watson Chapel?
703:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  Watson Paper Company is located in #1 Watson Chapel? #
703:  #2 Loo- International # Paper Comp- no. #1 It's way down #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
703:  there. That's what I
Interviewer:  #1 thought. #
703:  #2 It's #
Interviewer:  I'm talking about just businesses in Watson Chapel. In this community.
703:  They just work for 'em #1 driving back #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. #
703:  and forth.
Interviewer:  So then actually this is a community of homes then you would say?
703:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Instead of businesses and manufacturing plants it's a community more of homes.
703:  And churches there's ever so many churches #1 let's see. #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh there are? # Okay.
703:  Let's see there sh- the methodist church of and two Baptist churches and {X}
Interviewer:  Schools. How many schools?
703:  Just the one big the there's the Watson Chapel High School. And the L. L. Owen Elementary School.
Interviewer:  Okay just two schools then in this community.
703:  Really it's all except the high school is down here at the end of this street and Owen Elementary is over here on this street because there wasn't room to build a elementary. #1 This school as #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. #
703:  as many people were moving into this district. Moving out here to go to school. {X} They just had to build more buildings and they wasn't didn't have anymore ground to build on.
Interviewer:  Why did #1 they move that school? #
703:  #2 {X} # Build a nice band building and they had a- a gr- a great big uh ball ground down there and that took up the place. So then they bought this land across the street over here. #1 They had to put in #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
703:  elementary school and named it after Mr. Owen our tea- superintendent for twenty some-odd years.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And its called L.L. Owen Elementary School.
Interviewer:  Why did so many people move out here to go to this school?
703:  I don't know if they just moved because of the school but they just moved to get out of town.
Interviewer:  Oh to get out of Pine Bluff.
703:  Just to get out o- and from different places.
Interviewer:  Okay. What would you say then that the uh the best thing is about living in Watson Chapel? Why do you think those people wanted to leave Pine Bluff and live here?
703:  That's a hard question.
Interviewer:  Well that'd just be your own opinion.
703:  I know why we came here. Cause my husband never wanted to live in he didn't like it when we lived in Pine Bluff. He said he didn't like to be crowded. And that's why he bought this big piece of ground and then after he retired from sawmilling. Went to building these rent houses.
Interviewer:  Okay.
703:  For something to have old age retirement. From the rent house.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And we sold two or three houses. And uh still ha- I have five.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh You want to know why they came out? By all didn't come out of Pine Bluff they just came from various places #1 here. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 #
703:  Because they li- it wa- it's a nice clean community. And at that time see there's no liquor stores. #1 Nothing like that. #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh. # Okay no liquor stores here.
703:  No. And um nothing bad at all around here. And at that time there were no blacks.
Interviewer:  Okay no #1 blacks. #
703:  #2 I- in this school. #
Interviewer:  #1 How long ago was that? #
703:  #2 Although although # Well when we moved here 'til they made 'em integrate.
Interviewer:  When was that?
703:  I don't remember the year they started making them integrate. Do you?
Interviewer:  Was it recently? Last couple of years?
703:  Oh it's longer back than that. Don't you know when
Interviewer:  They
703:  No you wasn't living here when the government called out the guards.
Interviewer:  Yeah but uh didn't they recently have uh some problem with them not integrating enough? Because it was in the newspapers last #1 year or year before last? #
703:  #2 Mm. Yeah. Oh yes. # They they tried to got 'em uh a lawyer and tried to keep from integrating Watson Chapel because this Coleman High School over here was all negroes and it's in the Watson Chapel district.
Interviewer:  So you do have bla- blacks living in Watson Chapel?
703:  District. In the school district but nowhere close around here.
Interviewer:  Well in the the incorporated #1 community of Watson Chapel you have- #
703:  #2 Wel- par- part of Watson Chapel # school district goes way up in Pine Bluff.
Interviewer:  Oh. Okay. So you have blacks living in a part of Watson Chapel
703:  School district.
Interviewer:  school district #1 not Wa- not Watso- #
703:  #2 Don't say Watson Chapel just say # Cause they don't call it Watson Chapel over there.
Interviewer:  Oh I see.
703:  It's in the district.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Just like Pine as the school district goes way up in Pine Bluff.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And also goes way down in the country to around oh goodness I don't know I used to go down there with Mister Winslow and we'd go and take him and getting the children come in to have their tests. And I was working with PTA so much But anyhow Watson Chapel is a real big district.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And yes {X} Watson Chapel has more schools than that. It's Edgewood and oh Coleman and there they were all originally black but now they're all integrated. And uh Edgewood's in Watson Chapel. It's in Pine Bluff but still it's Watson Chapel district like I told you.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What do you think about this integration?
703:  No use to express my opinion because there's nothing I can do about it.
Interviewer:  {NW}
703:  And I don't have- I haven't had any children to have to go you know
Interviewer:  #1 Mm-hmm. #
703:  #2 eh # since the integration.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  My children were all grown up.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And didn't have to go through any of it. But as far I do not hate the blacks as a race.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  I think they have a lot of them have just as much sense as the white people do. If they have this chance. Mister L.L. Owen talked to me one time about it and I was talking to him. And I said Mister Owen can they we call them niggers they like to be called blacks now I said uh can they learn? He said given the same opportunity all races on this earth can learn equally to the white race. Given now that's the big thing given the same opportunity. And we are now reaping the reward of them being the blacks being brought in here as slaves. Years and years and years ago. Before long before the Civil War don't you see.
Interviewer:  Why do you #1 say- #
703:  #2 And that's # what the Civil War was over.
Interviewer:  Why do you say we're what rewards are we reaping?
703:  We're reaping the rewards of the niggers killing us and raping and uh #1 and uh and and #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh I see what you mean. #
703:  And having to go to school with 'em whether you want to or not.
Interviewer:  Because of the way we have treated them. #1 So that's what you mean. Yeah. #
703:  #2 That's what I think. #
Interviewer:  #1 Yeah. #
703:  #2 And I've told # John and Clara that.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  That we's reap- we's reaping now what what {X} been sewn
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  years and years and years ago. because when they were first brought in eh under slavery. I saw the old slave block down in New Orleans. And you could they could take a husband from his wife if they were even legally married or just living together and take one down there and sell 'em on that save slave block. Just like you could a cow cattle now or horses. And {B} uh or you could take a a child. from his mother. and tell him or take a husband from wife or wife from the husband tell him now to get him another husband get somebody else and have more children. Because the more slaves they had the richer they were. You know I {X} that {B}
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  She- she was wealthy with the slaves. #1 Didn't have #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  to do any work. She just told them what to do. Uh there was one of them lived over Fort Eye said my husband could remember one or two of them that had been her slaves.
Interviewer:  {NW}
703:  And uh said every once in a while they'd come over to Kingsland and sit down and talk to {B} and laugh about how sh- she didn't mistreat 'em
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  but uh said she'd tell 'em to sweep the yard. Those days they swept yard with brush brooms and uh and said she'd tell 'em anyhow to clean the yard and if she didn't clean it sooner she'd make 'em do it over.
Interviewer:  How many did she have?
703:  I don't know how many.
Interviewer:  Did she have a big yard did she live in a plantation type house or just a great big house or?
703:  Uh well at that time you see she wasn't married she didn't marry 'til after the Civil War she didn't marry 'til she was twenty-eight years old.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  After the Civil War.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Eh but her parents see she lived a while most of her life with that ha- with that sister of hers that was married to doctor {B} #1 at Warren Arkansas. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. #
703:  And he was wealthy
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  with slaves and then I think he got most of the property that gr- {B} should've gotten some of and didn't. #1 Now I wouldn't #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  want that put in there.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh cause his wife never did learn to cook. Grandmother Griffin had to learn to cook after she married the poor man like she had married. He was poor because he had nothing after the slaves were s- or she didn't either after they were freed Ema- Emancipation Proclamation. And uh so she had to learn to cook. But uh doctor {B} being a doctor and then getting all that property too uh why uh {NW} hi- his wife was older sister my husband's mother and she never learned to cook she always kept a hired cook long as she lived.
Interviewer:  Hmm.
703:  And uh let me see and there's a creek out from Warner that they call Franklin Creek. see my gra- my mother in law was Amelia Jane Franklin.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And there's a creek out there I've seen it
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Between Warren and New Edinburg. And she lived a while with her brother at New Edinburg. Out in that community. May and taught school.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Before she was married. And I've seen the old uh doctor {B} house it was a two story house then called a nice home in those days.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Back in {NS}
Interviewer:  Did they have slaves just for the house work or did they have some for the crops or things too that they used 'em for?
703:  I don- I don't think doctor {B} he lived right in Warren I don't think he was anything but a doctor.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  #1 And they just- just had the house and used 'em #
Interviewer:  #2 So they just did- they cooked and #
703:  for slaves and they had to cook and everything like that. And uh so did gr- {B} 'til they were freed.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Like said that they come over Fort Eye and sat down there and talked to her and laugh about how she treated 'em said she never whipped 'em or nothing like that she just said said I'll ta-
Interviewer:  Joan Warner LAS project with Grandma Griffin. We're ready to start then. We were starting back on uh you were gonna tell me about who was on which side of the Civil War.
703:  My my grandpa Worthing
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Was a confederate. I don't know if he fought in the war or not. But anyhow he was for the South.
Interviewer:  Okay.
703:  And his first wife's people were were Mitchells and uh my mother that was my mother's mother and they were for the North. {NS} They were for the he was for the Confederacy and and her but the his first wife's people were all for the North #1 for freeing #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  the slaves.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. So
703:  And and uh he he was when he married her he just didn't know how how it was gonna work out on that account.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  But she lived to have I believe it's six or seven children and died in childbirth.
Interviewer:  Mm.
703:  And then one one of the little children died. The youngest one they called her Little Susan.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And they first lived in a little log cabin he built. #1 On the farm. #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh they did? #
703:  And then he built a nice little country home
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  and painted it and it was all painted. And he uh planed it by hand.
Interviewer:  Did you see it?
703:  #1 Oh I've s- been to the #
Interviewer:  #2 You have seen it? #
703:  home uh lots of times when I was young wasn't married.
Interviewer:  Oh tell me about it.
703:  Well it was just a nice country home.
Interviewer:  How many rooms and what what'd it look like?
703:  Uh let's see there was five or six rooms and one of those big wide halls that all of the southern the colonial homes have in them
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Hand-planed.
Interviewer:  Mm. That's a lot of work. {NW}
703:  He was a hard worker.
Interviewer:  Did they have uh helpers did the community help build it or did he build it #1 by himself? #
703:  #2 He built it # by himself. As far as I know.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Did they live in the log house until he finished it?
703:  I suppose so.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Um and you said six children so
703:  Uh six children lived. He had seven by his first #1 wife. #
Interviewer:  #2 Okay. # Did the did the #1 Did they share #
703:  #2 And but #
Interviewer:  bedrooms then and and were most of the what were the rooms? Were there
703:  Oh yes they had to share. They had to put #1 two beds in one room for the children. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # Uh what were the rooms that were in the house? Were there were they all was there a living room or
703:  No. Nobody in those times. Why even when I was raised Mom and Papa had a big house and they didn't have a uh a living room 'til about time I was married. Just took the front bedroom and fixed it up nice and that was uh where they courted.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And then uh what were the other rooms?
703:  Well uh you talking about my grandfather #1 where he #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah. yeah. #
703:  Well he had a living uh had bedrooms and dining room and kitchen and hall and back porch.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And the bathroom was outside?
703:  Uh-huh. Outside bathroom.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  The- he built a little a bathroom close to the well. Just an outside and uh of course they didn't have to use just a wash tub.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh #1 I just #
Interviewer:  #2 Is that where the- # they took a bath?
703:  {NW} Y- he built this little house out close to the well
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  So they wouldn't have to carry water so far but they'd have to take it and heat it though I suppose in the house on cookst- stove.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. So she had a cookstove.
703:  Oh yes.
Interviewer:  A wooden stove.
703:  Uh-huh. A fireplace at the end of the kitchen where they could cook on the fireplace too.
Interviewer:  Okay. How many fireplaces did they have?
703:  Two.
Interviewer:  And did they have any type of an attic?
703:  No.
Interviewer:  Uh any type of a cellar or a basement or anything?
703:  I don't think so.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  They had a uh smokehouse in those days where they sm- like we was talking yesterday even your father remembers them those old smokehouses and things how they treated the meat. #1 Well they didn't #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  they had a smokehouse out behind this house.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Did they have a place where they kept the animals?
703:  Yes. They had they always had the barn.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And lots fence around the barn.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Keep the uh workstock in and the cows. They milked cows.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And brother get the milk and butter.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Did they raise crops?
703:  Oh Grandpa Worthing I'll say he raised crops he's the hardest working man you ever saw.
Interviewer:  What crops did he grow?
703:  Oh cotton corn peanuts pot- potatoes.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Sweet potatoes, mash potatoes. Everything to eat. They practically grew in those days everything that they ate except uh like flour.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Then they'd raise corn and take it to mill and have it ground and uh milled.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What were his work animals? What did he have for work animals?
703:  Horses.
Interviewer:  You don't was it horses or was it something else? {NW}
703:  {X} I think he had some horses and mules.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Did he do all the work himself? Did the family help?
703:  The family all worked. My mother worked in the fields. Between schools.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. So
703:  And the boys he had several boys my mother's youngest brother now is all that's living of that family. He's ninety years old. He lives 'til the sixth 'til the tenth ninth of April he'll be ninety-one years old.
Interviewer:  Mm.
703:  Lives in Pine Bluff. He's all that's left of the family.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What did you do when you visited there?
703:  Just played with Mama's half sister and had a good time.
Interviewer:  What'd you do? What games did you play?
703:  I don't remember any #1 special games. #
Interviewer:  #2 You don't remember anything? #
703:  Cause we didn't stay that long when we'd go up there.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  But uh cause we had to travel uh in the buggy uh our horses {X} wagon.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  To get to go up there.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Weren't any roads in the country anywhere at that time. That was worth anything I mean just to an old dirt road.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. How long would it take you?
703:  Oh it wouldn't take the- they wasn't so far from the park It'd take about four hours.
Interviewer:  And how far was that? Approximately?
703:  I forgot My father and mother lived just down over the line into the county. {D: And they lived out of this uh Derrieusseaux} {X} and uh they'd have to cross what they call {B} to get up there. And I imagine it was about fifteen miles.
Interviewer:  Fifteen miles in four hours. {X}
703:  But when I was going to school at Rising High school at Rising
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Why um the roads were so bad that I boarded with Miss Chowney. She was a widow-lady then. She had three children. Two two girls and a boy. And the boy Frank Chowney who's a lawyer now and they say he's a millionaire. Lives in Little Rock. Uh he {D:taught at} and boarded at papa's and mama's my father's and mother's and I boarded with his mother. And when my father was going to school at Rising before he star- started teaching he boarded with the Chowney's. Mister Chowney was living then, she- but when I boarded there she was a widow woman
Interviewer:  What'd you have to pay to board there?
703:  Ten dollars a month. That's then that's all Pop and Mama charged Frank to board with them. Ten dollars a month.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. #1 How's it #
703:  #2 I too- I took music. # And that cost three dollars a month and then pay pay for your meals.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Oh. Pieces of music that I got a whole drawer full in there. Yeah.
Interviewer:  What instrument did you play?
703:  Just just the piano.
Interviewer:  Just the piano.
703:  Mom and Papa just had a organ in the home.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  So I couldn't play all my pieces that I really learned because the organ didn't have enough.
Interviewer:  Keys?
703:  Keys, yes.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Like a piano.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. {X} for some reason {NW}
703:  {X} There's was a Kimbell organ.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Not in those days.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  They have some now I don't know.
Interviewer:  What was your house like? #1 Your your childhood house. #
703:  #2 Out in the country? #
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Oh well it was one of those big old colonial homes with twelve foot ceilings.
Interviewer:  Oh boy.
703:  And uh a front porch and one of them wide hallways that was wide enough that we made a summer living room out of that hallway. And then the back porch and yes it had uh one two three four six rooms.
Interviewer:  #1 Six rooms. #
703:  #2 Besides the # Besides the big hallway and front porch and back porch and the well had the well porch out for the well.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  I had a porch
Interviewer:  Oh you did?
703:  to the well.
Interviewer:  Now what were the rooms in the house?
703:  Like I said front bedroom was where my husband and I courted.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  When it's too warm we'd sit on the front porch on Sunday afternoon.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And then you had the rest were bedrooms?
703:  Well let's see. No we had a living room and di- I mean dining room and kitchen.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Separate.
Interviewer:  Okay that's three rooms.
703:  That's why I had to that's what I was counting. Had the front bedroom the boys' room and the dining room and kitchen were all on one side.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And then that great big hall.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  and then mama's papa's room
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And the j- and a fireplace at each end of the house. Both of the the both of those front rooms.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Had a fireplace at each end of the house. And uh then there was a room attached we always just called but uh we've had a bed in it.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  A small room the the they those rooms in those days they were high ceilings and large rooms.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. And uh then you had the outhouse out back. You didn't have it in the house did ya?
703:  No.
Interviewer:  It was outside.
703:  But mama always had a big range stove
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  course it had to be uh it's wood had burnt wood.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Uh but it had six eyes and a big and it had a uh tank for heating water. Great big held ever so many gallons I don't know on the side of that big range.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And that's the way we had our bathwater.
Interviewer:  Mm.
703:  Coming from there.
Interviewer:  Did you have a big tub that you put in the kitchen?
703:  No we just take that water to where i- uh well in the summertime uh we might take it out to the smokehouse and uh and and in wintertime we'd take it to one of those rooms where the fireplaces were where it's warm.
Interviewer:  Did you uh did ya take 'em often or did you back them did you believe in taking that bath often or did you just take it once a week or?
703:  Oh we take it more than once a week that's one thing my mother did believe in she {X} she always told me said never put on clean clothes over dirty skin or dirty body. And uh maybe it would just be a bowl bath.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Didn't make it didn't get the tub bath but it would be a bowl bath.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Something like that bowl in there. See there's the when I married went over to the Griffins at Kingsland.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Why they had what they call a wash stand. My mother had a wash stand and she kept a pitcher and bowl like that. And there she bathed her babies in those. Oh in those big bowls.
Interviewer:  Did she make you clothes or did you buy them or?
703:  Oh she s- she sewed for everybody in the community mama was my mother was a Dorcas. She sewed for all her children and herself and everybody in the community you don't know how many people uh would praise her name I said she ought to be I don't know how to say this but there were s- there were some orphan children in the community that is their mother had died and their father was living and she sewed for them just all the time besides her own children. And uh she sewed for everybody else and they I don't know how many different ones that they took into their home that were half orphans or orphans.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And helped to finish raise 'em. Had a cousin Velma West that her mother and father separated and he died and then she was raised by her grandmother which was a sister of my grandmother Belle. And uh when gr- when Aunt Elizabeth West passed away why uh then she came down to live with my father and mother who had just lost my older sister a year or so before that. I was ten and Bertha was twelve when she was g- at Sheridan staying with Mama's younger sister who was married to doctor Butler. And uh she was up there taking music between the school terms. We still had shirts, we'd have four or four and a half in the winter two or two and a half in the summer. Well between that she was she went up there pretty soon after the winter term of school was out and was there three was gonna stay there three months to come back to go to summer school. And she uh she was taking music up there staying with my aunt Fanny her name was Francis but they called her Fanny. And married to doctor and uh
Interviewer:  You you said something about
703:  And she died when while she was up there she too- she got sick and died of typhoid fever never got home.
Interviewer:  Mm. You said something about her being called uh you called her a dorcas did you say?
703:  Uh-huh.
Interviewer:  Is that the
703:  You know Dorcas in the Bible? It uh she she dies and uh they were all weeping in the upper chamber and uh and they called Christ to come to see her and they were all telling him about how she had sewn garments for our for our chi- for everybody and what a good woman she was and he raised her from the dead. I believe. {X}
Interviewer:  No I don't #1 know. #
703:  #2 {X} # And so I know one church of Christ that had a room atta- they took one room and well they do that up here and so garments the people would bring in there and they'd work 'em over and fix 'em and give 'em to poor people called the Dorcas room and that's what I said about my mother.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And that little woman that oldest girl that where her mother died Mama sewed so much for her why uh she'd write her a letter and a Christmas card every Christmas as long as my mother lived always tell her how she loved her for what she'd done for her. And others too did the same thing.
Interviewer:  Mm. That was wonderful.
703:  She sewed for Velma, the girl they took into their home just like she did me. And long time after Velma married she couldn't sew at all and she'd bring her sewing back for Mama to do for her children.
Interviewer:  And you mother washed. Did she?
703:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Well how did she
703:  But she always had some of the children helping her.
Interviewer:  #1 How did she #
703:  #2 Wa- do that # washing by hand. But she had uh before I married she had a wringer.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  That she could put
Interviewer:  But when you were a child how did she go about doing that?
703:  Washing?
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Well we just had the rub boards and tubs and
Interviewer:  She do it outside #1 or inside or #
703:  #2 Uh-huh. Outside. #
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Down close to the well.
Interviewer:  Oh. Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh so it wouldn't be so far to and the well had a windlass.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Rope would go around bring up the bucket of water one bucket would go down and the other one would come up.
Interviewer:  Oh.
703:  And had two had the biggest washpot I ever saw in my life because had so many to wash for. {NW} My sister has it down here yet.
Interviewer:  Oh, really?
703:  Mm-hmm. Oh goodness it was a huge one mine that I had when I first married is small compared to and uh so uh then as I said then before I married she had this wringer
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  that she put in there between the tubs before you wash the clothes, put 'em in a pot and boil them and then took 'em out and put 'em in the ri- we had two rinse waters it'd through.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And she's use that wringer to wring 'em from the through the rinse water.
Interviewer:  And then you'd hang 'em up or someone else did or?
703:  Mm-hmm. Yes we all did.
Interviewer:  {NW}
703:  Hang 'em on lines #1 to dry. #
Interviewer:  #2 What were some of # your chores that you had to do?
703:  Well just help around the house like that I never did work in the field but barely because my mother had so much to do that way. That uh I just mostly helped around the house. And uh things like that. And went school she wouldn't let us miss one day from school for nothing. Unless we were sick ourselves.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  I've seen my mother so sick and I was be afraid to go off and leave her and I'd just beg her to let me stay with her and she'd say no you go on to school I don't want you to miss school. Said you go on to school said uh Benny my husband that's my father his name was Benjamin called him Ben or she called him Benny. Well he'd be out uh seeing what the uh see he had uh a lot of houses on our farm he had a big farm.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And he had tenant houses. And he'd be out seeing what they were doing. And uh I remember that s- one particular time that I begged her so hard to let me stay with her cause she's so sick I thought as a child I was afraid she'd die ya know.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Said said uh he'll be back uh she called him Papa. She said Papa will be back after a while and he'll tend to me he'll wait on me said you go on to school. I don't want you to miss any.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And then besides having the the tenant farmers I don't have any houses. And I guess I had a dozen or more around scattered over the place.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Why he ha- he'd hire hands to do his part of it he never plowed any but very little maybe in the garden some.
Interviewer:  #1 How much #
703:  #2 Not much of that. #
Interviewer:  #1 How much did they give them of the #
703:  #2 He just he just he was just the uh # What would you {D: call to} the boss? #1 He was just #
Interviewer:  #2 Overseer? #
703:  Overseer of all that.
Interviewer:  Um.
703:  I think he bought seven hundred and fifty acres when he and my mother was there a whole {X} call that?
Interviewer:  Acreage?
703:  No there's a name for it. A whole {X} is so much you know? and uh Watson Chapel is so much but uh this is uh I just had to say he bought about seven hundred and fifty acres.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  {X} Mister Muddish he was going to move to Texas and he just paid a dollar and a half an acre for that.
Interviewer:  Mm. Then how much did he give to the tenant farmers of the crops and things that you don't have any idea? I was just curious about how how he worked it out you know so that
703:  Well
Interviewer:  They got to live in the houses.
703:  #1 And they got #
Interviewer:  #2 And they got so much of the food #
703:  #1 And they got #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  so much of the crop.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  money from the crop.
Interviewer:  What crops #1 were they #
703:  #2 And he #
Interviewer:  #1 {X} #
703:  #2 furnished 'em # don't you see? He had a had a commissary-like store
Interviewer:  Oh he did?
703:  Uh-huh. Attached out there by the well. And and he furnished 'em.
Interviewer:  And he lofted them?
703:  What what they uh yes they'd keep it locked because it didn't stay in there. My mother waited on it lots of times. Pa- if my father wasn't there why somebody'd come after something why she had to had a way from the well from the kitchen a door back where she could just go back down. There was a front front door to the store and a back door back there close to the kitchen and she could just go in the back door there without having to walk clear around. To the front door had this the commissary store had a porch on it and uh she'd go in there and get whatever they wanted and then she'd lock it back up because uh you know they it wasn't the whole community came there and bought whatever they wanted to buy but he furnished these tenants.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And charged it to 'em 'til the crops were all gathered and everything. And then whatever was left why was divided between I mean if they made more m- crop than they had to have charged to 'em.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Why uh then they divided it some way I'm not sure about.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What crops did they sell?
703:  Cotton and sweet potatoes orange potatoes fruit my father always had a lot of fruit growing on his plants.
Interviewer:  Like what?
703:  Apples and uh we had nearly every kind of fruit raised. We had grapes apples and peaches and uh Oh what is this fruit that's smaller than uh small peaches.
Interviewer:  Nectarines? Cherries?
703:  No. I have
Interviewer:  Plums?
703:  Well they did have plums. They had the yellow the blue yellow plums and the big and the big little ye- red plums that came on early. And then they had the big Japanese plums.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Great big ones.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  But these were Something else.
Interviewer:  Apricots?
703:  Apricots.
Interviewer:  Oh did you really?
703:  Uh-huh. {D: And quinches.}
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  So I said we had nearly every kind of fruit that grew. {D: We'd bake those quinches.}
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And uh what kind of vegetables besides your sweet potatoes and potatoes did you grow?
703:  Oh mama grew everything in that garden just practically cause I said they grew nearly everything they ate.
Interviewer:  Like what? Like what?
703:  The vegetables?
Interviewer:  Yeah. The greens and all
703:  Well in the early Spring like before my youngest sister was born the fourteenth of February she had done got her garden in because it was all high dry hill. And she had boys old enough to help her get it done. And hard hand plowed up and everything like that and she just supervised it and got and planted the seeds and they and they'd put out onions they'd plant uh mustard lettuce turnips turnip greens that would make turnips later cabbage and then later they'd have plant corn oh yeah and the and early they'd have the early early uh beans. {D: that they're running} early. They anyhow they'd have uh two crops of green beans.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  One early and then they'd have the pole beans that'd come on later. Kentucky wonders is the kind they mostly used grilling and they uh green beans and then they'd plant peas but that wasn't they'd plant them mostly out on the farm somewhere.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. #1 What kind was what kind would they have of those? #
703:  #2 Great great patches of # Uh well they they'd plant uh purple hoe
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And black eyed and even the speckled peas.
Interviewer:  And then would he use all these in his store to sell too? Those crops are just for your own use.
703:  That was just for our own #1 use. #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh. # Mm-hmm.
703:  And they'd we'd uh pick 'em they'd have 'em picked. and put up shelled out and put up to eat in winter.
Interviewer:  And how'd you put 'em up?
703:  Well they used formaldehyde to keep the weevils out of 'em.
Interviewer:  So you put 'em in in what? Jars?
703:  Yes.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Uh and {D: prox} jars. Mm-hmm. You shelled them and then put 'em in the in the in formaldehyde? And the butter beans I forgot to mention that. Hmm.
703:  She'd always raise a lot of butter beans.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And now she'd just leave them in the shelf. Seemed like the uh weevils didn't get in them like they did the peas.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And
Interviewer:  Any yellow vegetables?
703:  And we'd chill them out and got ready to cook 'em well. We'd just go get so many of them and shell 'em out. And English peas she'd raise t- two kinds of English peas the early and the late. Later on in life she grew even grew carrots.
Interviewer:  Yellow vegetables any of the yellow vegetables?
703:  Carrots #1 was all. #
Interviewer:  #2 Carrots?. #
703:  #1 And #
Interviewer:  #2 Um #
703:  that was later on after I was married before she knew about carrots.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Any squash?
703:  Oh yes. She uh she always raised squash.
Interviewer:  Which kind did she raise?
703:  She raised the white pan squash.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And um I'm trying to think what else. What kind of corn did you raise? {NW}
703:  White and yellow.
Interviewer:  Which was your favorite?
703:  We had the sweet corn.?
Interviewer:  {X}
703:  Uh-huh. To to eat mostly and then grew a lot of corn put in the barn feed the stock and that's it. They take that corn shell it off. My father would go out there to the bar- to the in this uh barn and where the corn was and he'd pick out the nicest ears and he'd at the end if there was any uh bu- bad grains or anything right then he'd he'd shell that off. {NW} Would feed it to the chickens.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And then he'd shell the corn. First at first by hand and later he got a corn sheller.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Just for that purpose. That you could put a cob of corn in and just turn it around and shell it into a box.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Take it to a uh grinding mill have it ground into cornmeal.
Interviewer:  And then what'd you use your cornmeal what'd you make?
703:  Just cornbread.
Interviewer:  Just cornbread? Did you make any other kinds of breads out of those or
703:  No.
Interviewer:  Different ways to fix it just that #1 one way. #
703:  #2 Just cornbread. #
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Um.
703:  Some people done other ways I guess but #1 we didn't. #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah I just # wondered how many different kinds. Um what other breads. Did your mother make her own breads? I guess she did.
703:  Sh- she just made biscuits. My grandmother made uh yeast bread.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And we just tickled to death. After my grandfather and grandmother got old people in those days couldn't live by themselves because they didn't have any conveniences you know.
Interviewer:  Mm.
703:  And so they broke up housekeeping and uh they came and and they had three children living they had had four children two girls and two boys. The older girl was teaching the younger girl was teaching her first school when she came home sick and she was teaching at the Mother's Schoolhouse. Papa brought bought the mother's place when he went to Texas and they called it the mother's schoolhouse. And she was teaching there when she came home one afternoon sick with a fever. And she died with uh typhoid fever when I was a baby.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Then that just left three. Two boys and one girl.
Interviewer:  And the two boys worked on the farm and then
703:  Well uh they d- I I suppose they helped. Grandfather Bell 'til they broke up 'til they married
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  or went ou- and went out to teach just like Aunt Mary was teaching that was her name Aunt Mary.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Aunt Mary was teaching when she got sick and died and uh and uh father was teaching before he married and Uncle Johnson was teaching before he married. So you see they'd leave home and go off to these places to teach but I I suppose they I'm sure they they helped 'em as long as they were at home.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And then as I said they had to break up housekeeping uh what we'd consider early in life but when they got to where they couldn't uh farm.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  and do these things for themself why they had to break up housekeeping. Children were all married. Aunt Mary had died. And uh so they'd spend part of their time at my mother and father's part with Unc- Uncle Johnson part with Aunt Alice. That was the other sister.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And I I was always so glad when she'd come. I just loved her to death. My grandmother Belle was such a sweet person. And I well I was so glad when Papa'd come to town here to get a load of groceries or feed or something for the store and she'd come back with him out there and then that's first thing she'd do is start making that bread. Yeast bread. And I thought it was the best stuff in the world. Cause my mother always had so much to do 'til she just would never try to make yeast bread she made awfully good biscuits and cornbread.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  She wouldn't tr-
Interviewer:  You didn't grow your own wheat for that bread #1 did you? #
703:  #2 No no. # Never saw any wheat growing except when we went through Kansas. When we went out to west.
Interviewer:  When did you go out west?
703:  Well now that's {X} let's see. We went out west for {X} my daughter and her husband {X} mother father even {X} What year was it? It must have been about nineteen hundred and fifty-six.{ For one day
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Did you just take a trip and
703:  We sh- we were gone about a month. We went {X} picked up two of my husband's sisters.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And from there we went to Colorado.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Went up Pike's Peak the next day. In a limousine. We wouldn't ride those old buggy things they had taking you up there we was afraid of 'em.
Interviewer:  {NW}
703:  And he w- and the car was just real new he bought it just specially for this trip he wouldn't go off with a bad car.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh an old car and uh so he wouldn't take his new car up there afraid it'd s- do something {D: dead} because Pike's Peak is the highest one out there in the west it's fifteen thousand feet high?
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Well.
Interviewer:  Something like that.
703:  Uh-huh. And uh then from there that's when we turned north and went to Yellowstone.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And then he had cousins in Idaho that he'd never seen. And they had gone out there years before when and uh settled on that land out there.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh so uh it was his his father's two sisters that made the trip out there from Missouri with their families and settled out there. Well they were dead but the cousins were there
Interviewer:  #1 don't ya see. #
703:  #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # And so we went to Yellowstone National Park and from there we went down into Idaho. To vi- Twin Falls Idaho.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And visited with those two different families. That one of 'em was one of grandpa Griffin's sisters. One of them was from that fam- one family and one from another family. But they were brothers {D:though}. I mean no they wasn't brothers. Cousins.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And we visited both those homes and they had nice brick homes the both of them by that time. They said they {D:likely} starved dead when they first went out there. Because they just didn't know what how to grow things and no market for 'em. But during World War One they got rich. I forget how how much they did get for the potatoes and they grow them white potatoes
Interviewer:  Oh.
703:  out there. And uh a lotta and they grow a lotta wheat and stuff out there.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And then through Twin Falls Idaho then we went on down to and crossed into California. At the Golden Gate Bridge.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  {D: Lost} on that and went down to California line and he had a niece living there and uh {X} Where the actors are. Sandy.
Interviewer:  San Diego? #1 San Francisco? #
703:  #2 San- uh #
Interviewer:  Um Hollywood?
703:  Ho- well they didn't call it Hollywood then.
Interviewer:  {D: San Angelos? Sa- uh Los Angeles?}
703:  Los Angeles.
Interviewer:  Yeah.
703:  Los Angeles. I knew she lived in Los Angeles. And so we went there. Stayed a few days. And from there then we cut across the country and come home another way. #1 Down by El Paso Texas na- #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. # Did you go through New Mexico?
703:  No we not that time.
Interviewer:  Oh.
703:  But when we went to Arizona when my husband had that asthma the first time we drove out there and uh we went down by El Paso and stayed the night there and I have we had a friend there and I had got in a card in the letter from her this Christmas that I haven't answered yet. {NW} And uh they took us over into Old Mexico to eat.
Interviewer:  Ah.
703:  So I have been into Old #1 Mexico. #
Interviewer:  #2 Uh-huh. #
703:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 # Quite an experience [X}
703:  Yes it was.
Interviewer:  Then um you came on back here you just stayed how long in
703:  In Arizona?
Interviewer:  Uh-huh. #1 {X} #
703:  #2 At that time we went to Tucson Arizona. # And at that time uh my mother had a stroke. And they called for us to come back. Now now now now this is two different times. Cause my husband was real well when we made that trip and took his sisters all out there
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And then uh but when we went down to El Paso and spent the night we were on our way to uh Tucson Arizona. Far as see if it help his asthma that he was having so badly. And uh we'd just gotten there good when they called us and said my mother had had a stroke. Well we called back and forth back and forth didn't know what to do we just had gotten there hadn't had time to see if it did any good it was in the summertime. Hot weather. And uh they said my mother couldn't live. And we talked about leaving Anne and my husband out there and me flying back here to be with her. And then just decided we'd just all drive back home which was an awful mistake. Cause he wasn't there long enough to see if it'd do his asthma any good. And it was a hot dry summer and it probably would've helped him a lot. And then we went back later and it was too late. We stayed there January February March out at Tucson and we went to a place called Well it was two miles elevation higher than Tucson proper. Can't recall the name of the place. I'd have to look up some of my history.
Interviewer:  {NW}
703:  Got it all down but uh and uh anyway it didn't seem to do him any special good. Even if it was a health resort. There was no dust there. The streets were all just paved even right up to the yard. There was no distance like we have out here.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  You know there was just just no dust it was the cleanest place I'd ever seen. And then the place we lived in was a mobile home. And that was most of what that was all that was up there. It was. Tuscon.
Interviewer:  Tape three. Listen to after tape two.
703:  The first time or the second time?
Interviewer:  I don't care which is which time
703:  Well the first time it was summer time. And it was hot and dry here and it was also hot out there in Tucson. And then that's the time that they called us and told us my mother had had a stroke. Was real bad in the hospital here. And we turned around and came back. We got out there Wednesday was back here Saturday I believe. Anyhow we just stayed there about twenty-four hours and turned around and come back home. And then the second time we went out there we flew out there right after Christmas the first of January and stayed January February and March. And it was such nice weather out there. And uh they said though it was an extra nice winter even for Tucson. No snow. {X} They were talking about there's not enough snow that winter up on in the mountains. Tucson's in a valley. And uh I've got where we I tried to tell ya and I couldn't. We were when we went out of Tucson proper we went to Tucson Estates.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And you can see the mountain there.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh so that's why it's so nice and warm.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And that's the mobile home and build around it so that you can't tell it was there but mobile home.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh that's the way they were most of 'em. Especially people who owned 'em and lived there all the time. They'd build two of them on each side of the house and maybe cover 'em over with uh uh shingles.
Interviewer:  #1 Mm-hmm. #
703:  #2 With a # new roof up completely over
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  and maybe put a bedroom out on one side and a patio on the other side.
Interviewer:  #1 Mm-hmm. #
703:  #2 No. # And you and you couldn't and then they'd put dirt in the hitch for the mobile home. Just haul it around
Interviewer:  Uh-huh.
703:  and put flowers in that. And you couldn't tell it was one.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And it was this was the cleanest place that I was talking about I ever saw in my life. And uh so uh
Interviewer:  Did the weather help your husband?
703:  No. He was so- it didn't. I think it would have if we had stayed out there the summer before. But he was dissatisfied. In the meantime he had been sick and had kidney poison here. And that sapped a lot of his strength. And he was so dissatisfied the whole time we were there 'til. I don't think it helped him any at all but everybody there say you have to stay here through one hot summer. He just was wanted to come home all the time. All the time he wanted to come home. He was so dissatisfied. So we stayed the three months and came home. It was so as I said they were having to put on the coolers out there. And uh part of the time in March humidity was never over ten or fifteen percent up here where we were. And just no dust or anything. Look like it been good for the asthma but he just didn't wanna stay. So w- I couldn't imagine it being such nasty weather back here in Arkansas. And so I agreed to come back with him. We flew out there that time and flew back. And uh we got back here it was nasty cold weather. Raining and all that. First thing I done was take bronchitis and I hadn't been sick one day out there. Well I tried to stay away from him slept away from him but I had to give him medicine and wait on him and get his food so he took it too. His went into pneumonia. We'd been home only about three or three and a half weeks when had to put him in the hospital for pneumonia and he stayed there about that long and passed away. Fifteenth day of May. We came home last month.
Interviewer:  Was he buried here?
703:  Buried in Rose Long Memorial Cemetery down there. {NW}
Interviewer:  So you had the funeral a few days later?
703:  Well the fifteenth of May you seen we come home last March he he lived through April 'til the middle of March.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And but he was in the hospital about three weeks.
Interviewer:  #1 Mm-hmm. #
703:  #2 Some of that # time.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. What kind of uh weather do you have in Arkansas?
703:  Well I guess considering the northern states and what I heard on television this morning on the Tod- Today program about the snow and all that they've had as far north as I mean south down as St. Louis and all up in there in those states where they've had six eight ten twelve inches of snow I guess we have uh good climate. Except its just lots of since it's rained a lot this winter uh and some days the humidity's a hundred percent.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  But uh so but I couldn't live in that cold climate for nothing in the world. This is cold as all I can stand down here.
Interviewer:  {NW}
703:  Some of my friends last winter got and said why don't you go back where it's warm? And you won't have that bronchitis I said I can't go back out there by myself. Only one friend that I know I can remember out there. And now she's married again.
Interviewer:  #1 {NW} #
703:  #2 She lost her husband # after my husband passed away and she's married again now. I said I can't go back out there by myself. I'm just too big a carrot I reckon. I said well I'd go if it were me. I just can't get away from my family I reckon that far. If I had if Anne would go out there and work I uh you know. I'd be gl- I'd be glad to go but just go out there by myself I I just can't.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. But the rains here uh. What do you call the little rains that you have in the springtime?
703:  Sometimes we have just showers and sometimes we just have pour-downs. Big rains.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And have had since this winter since back earlier in the Fall.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  But not as bad as it was last winter. But last year it was this year yet it is uh record for tornadoes all over the United States. Said it just never had been as many tornadoes in every state of the Union as there was. And Arkansas come out one of the lightest but then they had one they had some but as far as killing people it didn't kill 'em like it did in other places.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Destroyed property more.
Interviewer:  Uh the rains the that have thunder and lightning what do you call those?
703:  Well on TV they's call 'em thunderstorms.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And that's what you call 'em here in Arkansas?
703:  Thar- thunderstorms.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Do you have um any low-lying clouds that come in and get up in the morning and you can't see very far?
703:  Not clouds. We s- we've had some fog.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Said you couldn't see very far.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Several mornings get up and it'd be so foggy you couldn't see very far out in the woods he- or anything or back that way but it wouldn't last long. Usually the sun'd come out and it'd g- it'd go away.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Um what do you call a rain that would just barely get the ground wet just enough to just
703:  Just call that a shower.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And then {NW} and then yeah when you were a child and you wanted rain for the crops what would you call that rain that finally came?
703:  Well if it were a shower we my father'd say well we didn't have enough rain to do much good. If we had a good rain he'd be proud if it was needed.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  But uh I remember one fall that just like last fall it commence raining so early. Til uh I couldn't get the cotton out of the fields when it let up some I mean it was a it just sc- they just gathered bowls and all And so he ha- my father had a gin {D: he went and bought uh what they call a hullard gin.} That would take those hulls that goes around that bowl of cotton and they hauled cotton to his gin even way back in those days over the bad roads. From down south of Rising and everywhere. To get their cotton where they could get anything at all for it because with it had rained 'til the bowls or hulls now were rotten and that's the only way they could get it just get the whole bowl. {D: And uh so uh by him buying that hullard gin why} it would take that out and they they'd bring 'em from miles and miles around to get 'em ginned.
Interviewer:  You ever get any of the insects in it? Any insects ever get in?
703:  In the cotton?
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Yes way back there they had what they call a bowl-worm. They ca- it came in from Texas. Not when I first can remember did we have any but in Texas got infested and it come on up into {B}
Interviewer:  What are some of the little animals that live uh in this part of the country? What are some of them that you have in your yards? {X}
703:  Well, I don't have any except little birds around me now. #1 Uh back in #
Interviewer:  #2 What kind of birds do you have? #
703:  Well I've seen uh cardinals or red birds mockingbirds jaybirds sparrows and what we call the black birds it's got another they have another name.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  #1 And uh ha- and little wrens. #
Interviewer:  #2 Do you mean those that peck on wood? #
703:  Uh-huh. Let's see uh. Woodpeckers.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Redhead woodpeckers.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And uh do you have any little animals that gather nuts?
703:  Well uh we have squirrels. And winter before last we had two little squirrels that would come in our woods back there and play back there on the patio and they'd come in from the tree back that big tree back in the corner of the yard. And they'd jump from the limbs over onto these two trees which you can see through the Christmas tree there and uh then they'd come on down on the ground and eat the acorns.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh they'd do that nearly every day and I'd see 'em they'd play around there and play around there. If something scared 'em up the tree they'd go. And uh my neighbor up cr- north of me here Miss she lay in bed in bed one morning and saw 'em playing all over the top of my house.
Interviewer:  {NW}
703:  Well, I guess these boys around here I guess killed 'em because they never came back. With me just that one winter. Then this last winter I saw one just one time. But there's so many teenage boys around and they go hunting it doesn't matter to them whether it's in season or out of season. Why they'll kill 'em.
Interviewer:  What do they hunt around here?
703:  They hunt the squirrels and rabbits.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Anything else?
703:  And then well in season there's two seasons for deer-killing
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  in the fall. But there's no I've never seen a deer up here though I've I've heard others say that uh I believe my grandson said he saw one back there in his pasture. So they do scatter out of the reserves.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  But I don't think I've ever seen one around here.
Interviewer:  What about those uh other little animals that eat the nuts with the stripes on their back? Those little tiny ones? Uh
703:  Skunk?
Interviewer:  Yeah but the the one that uh eats the nuts the little uh uh the little tiny ones with the stripes down their back.
703:  Well that's all I #1 know is the skunk. Has white stripes down #
Interviewer:  #2 Look kinda look kinda look kinda like a squirrel except they uh # they're smaller.
703:  Smaller than a squirrel?
Interviewer:  Yeah those little things that they're brown and uh have little black stripes down their back little tiny things.
703:  I don't know I never saw one of those. I don't know what you're talking about.
Interviewer:  Um.
703:  Can you name him?
Interviewer:  I'm tryna think of it now. Um. Chipmunk isn't it?
703:  Well uh if we have any of those I don't know. I saw them when we went out west.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  But if we have any
Interviewer:  They don't live around here.
703:  They don't.
Interviewer:  What about the uh the animal with the long tail? That the ugly animal. Um. I think Clara said she saw one in her gard- garden recently uh Thing that uh carries the babies underneath it and uh you see it at night. Crossing the road.
703:  Kangaroo?
Interviewer:  Yeah uh yeah it has a pouch but it's not the ka- uh.
703:  Oh it's possum.
Interviewer:  Yeah. Yeah. You got those around here?
703:  Yes. They're back in the woods I don't know whether there's any back in my acreage back there or not but they live in the woods and they don't come up around my house if they do it's at night and I don't #1 know it. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  I've never seen one in my yard.
Interviewer:  Did you ever eat one?
703:  #1 Never did. My mother #
Interviewer:  #2 Are they good? #
703:  wouldn't cook 'em
Interviewer:  Oh. What did you uh what did you kill and eat?
703:  Well my father would kill squirrels and we'd eat them and I still eat squirrel. I've got some squirrel in the deep fridge my neighbor over here give me.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  {NW} She give me three great big fox squirrels. And uh Anne and I ate some of them while she was here and then uh put the rest of them out in the freezer cause knew we wouldn't eat 'em Christmas day. Or Christmas Eve either. And uh so they're still out there. I had thought about that uh if you were gonna eat with me I'd get some out earlier this morning cook it but I didn't get it out and so he brought some.
Interviewer:  {X} It would be kinda interesting it's been a long time since I had any.
703:  Now my granddaughter Donna wouldn't touch a squirrel for nothing as far as eating it because {NW} in the city the- it's against the law to kill 'em. And they play around in people's yards just like pets you know. And uh they watch 'em bury their little get something and they'll take it out there and scratch and bury it like this. Even a piece of bread like and I don't think they ever do go back but that's what the old saying is they're burying them for wintertime.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  But I I never saw one go back and scratch it up and eat it after they buried it. But uh le- so uh on that account Donna wouldn't eat a squirrel for nothing but I was raised to eat the wild squirrels that's killed out in the woods. And I and uh these are killed out in the woods that my neigh- neighbor gave me. Not around here and uh so I eat 'em and enjoy 'em and Anne did too. They don't have a lot of fat on 'em.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And the coon. The raccoon.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Now uh my mother cooked it one of them those one time. But I don't think I tasted it. But they say they are good. If they're baked. F- fixed just right. But she wouldn't cook a po- opossum is the right name #1 for 'em. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  Because uh they eat dead stuff. Dead meat and tha-. And she wouldn't cook 'em at all. But uh o- uh raccoon is a very clean animal. If it catches a fish to eat it'll take it to the stream and wash it before it eats it.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  It wash it again even though it got it out of the little stream somewhere.
Interviewer:  {NW}
703:  And doesn't eat the kind of food that possums do.
Interviewer:  What other uh meats did you eat that you uh raised on your farm as a child?
703:  Just beef and pork and chicken.
Interviewer:  And um which uh which of the animals did you like of the uh chicken? Did you like the hens or the roosters or what did you eat?
703:  Papa wouldn't let mama kill a rooster after it got grown or anything like that. He wouldn't eat it at all. So uh if mama wanted to make chicken and dressing she'd uh put up a hen. Those days they ran out. She had a chicken yard and a chicken house for 'em but they ran out on the ground. And uh if they weren't fat enough why she'd put 'em in a special place and fatten 'em 'til they were real fat and then she'd kill this hen but it had to be a young hen. She didn't want one raised that year not over a year #1 old #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  She wouldn't kill an old hen. For herself even. And uh Papa wouldn't eat a rooster. After it got past frying size stage he said they weren't fit to eat.
Interviewer:  What about a um uh a cow? Which uh which animals did you eat? Which ones the uh the cattle.
703:  Oh it it'd be a young well i- it wouldn't maybe it wouldn't be uh what you call just a calf but it would be young just few months old.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  When they'd kill it.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And you said you had the cows for milk.
703:  Milk and butter.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Mm-hmm.
Interviewer:  And then uh did you have any bulls?
703:  Oh yes Papa always kept one at least.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And then um
703:  Eh I can remember when uh his cows and hogs both he had hogs in {D: Derrisaw Creek bottom.} And uh to keep 'em from going wild and keep people from stealing his why he'd {NW} ride this little mule they call Kate down and he put some corn in a sack throw it over the little mule and ride go down into the bottom and call up his hogs. Feed 'em and the pigs he'd mark 'em and he'd catch 'em and mark 'em in his mark. And the cows they just go down to the bottom and when they were dry not giving milk and he he had a whole herd of cattle. He didn't just keep one or two you know.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Our male cows we had we did have sometimes male three or four. And more milk than you knew what to do with. But uh and mama feed the clabber when it'd clabber to the chicken. But uh uh the cows. Papa had what he'd always pick out what he'd call the bell cow. And he'd put a big o- one of these big ol' copper bells around his neck. So that he could always tell and when they when they were coming home. Or when he went to the woods he could find them that way. And went back down into the bottom. And when he'd come up would be come in a bad spell. Why you'd see him coming up the lane with the bell cow and a lead with that bell just a ringing. And coming back home for feed.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Get out of that bad weather.
Interviewer:  Did he bring the hogs up too?
703:  No. No they just stayed there they just they'd make them a bed in leaves and things and
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  stayed there.
Interviewer:  Yeah what which of the hogs did you eat?
703:  Well for his own purposes he uh would keep raise some there at home and keep there at home and put 'em up and fatten 'em on corn. He thought they had to be so fat they weren't fit to eat. If they were and he wanted corn-fed meat but later on in his life after he'd quit farming and uh why and mostly sold meat here he sold meat to this A and eh M A M and N college out here for years. Dressed cows or hogs and sometimes he'd raise a lot of sweet potatoes and that'd make dry meat if he turned the hogs in on the sweet potatoes. And if uh sometimes he'd raise a lot of peanuts.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Turn 'em in on that. Gather what we wanted for our own use. And then turn them in and that'd make that kind of meat we were talking about Sunday. uh that th- all uh grease'd just drip out of 'em when they'd hang 'em up to smoke 'em
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  The grease would just drip out. But if it potatoes it'd be dry. Really #1 the #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm. #
703:  best tasting was the peanuts. Raised on peanuts. Even if it the uh fat did drip out.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Which one did you eat the sow or the castrated one or the bull or which one did #1 you eat? #
703:  #2 Oh! # My father had to have the best he wouldn't have eaten an old sow heart or boar for nothing. They had to be you- young and uh and had to be of the female variety.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh or else the castrated
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  kind. Uh the male.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And as I said for our own use he'd put 'em up fatten 'em on corn.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. And then which ones did he sell to market?
703:  Well he'd go down my father was quite a businessman. And uh at one time he owned sixteen hundred acres of land out there. And uh he'd go down maybe on Christmas Eve Day or Christmas Day. That used to just worry me so. Of course we know there's nothing in the Bible that says about Christmas what we call Christmas Day here really being Jesus' birthday. There's not a word said in the Bible about we're not told to keep Jesus' birthday we're told to keep hi- i- remember him in his death you know. And uh {NW} so uh maybe Christmas Day he'd go down in the bottom and he'd ki- {NW} kill a bunch of hogs. He had this little mule that he'd ride it was so gentle. And even if the waters was up across the creek why she'd uh swim across and he'd maybe kill the hogs in the other side of the creek and attach 'em to her some way with a I don't remember just how and she'd swim back across the creek with that hog tied behind behind her. And he'd get a bunch of them killed that way in one place.
Interviewer:  #1 Mm-hmm. #
703:  #2 It always'd # be cold weather where they wouldn't spoil. And uh then he'd take wagon down there and pick 'em up. Bring 'em home and and get 'em ready for the market. And he'd leave early the next morning for Pine Bluff. And one time when I got big enough to really it did provoke me for him to do that. I wanted us to have a good time on Christmas Day. At least and uh we always did have a Christmas dinner alright. And uh but uh I ask him why he said well he said because the merchants up here would be sold out of meat by Chri- by Christmas Day before Christmas they'd be sold out and they'd be needing meat just as soon as he could get there with it the day after Christmas. And he'd get a better price for it.
Interviewer:  {NW} Yeah. Oh he's pretty smart.
703:  That's what I said my father was was smart. Smart businessman.
Interviewer:  Did you ever uh ri- ride in the buggy and uh uh-huh I don't know how to say it make the horses go and anything?
703:  I've driven uh a single horse buggy and I've driven Papa sometimes'd have a buggy with just took one horse to it and then uh had what'd call a surrey with two horses.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And I've driven both of 'em. And I've ridden the horses just where I had to go. I didn't ride 'em for fun like they do now.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  But other if I were longed to go somewhere three or four miles like my friend when I was going to high school at Rising and she's come home with me a lot of weekends. And uh knew I wasn't going to see my husband-to-be that Sunday because uh he was going over to Kingsland to see his folks and on some business over there that day and he'd told me he wouldn't be there. So she suggested that we ride over {B} a Methodist Church. He was Methodist.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And we must not been having services out there at the church or maybe we went to the services in the morning and then went over to Mount where they were having preaching in the afternoon and because we did not eat dinner over there. That's been a long time ago but uh uh we did ride. {D: And I'd always ridden side-saddle and Monteen} that was my friend said oh come on let's ride stride. She had though she lived in Rising and they didn't have any horses but they ha- she had two aunts her mother's sisters that {B} one lived over {B} close to Kingsland it was a big farm and one lived down below Rising and uh and uh on a farm. And she'd been ou- in the summertime when she wasn't in school why she'd go stay with and visit them and ride horses and I guess she'd ridden horses for pleasure more than I had cause it really wasn't any pleasure to me but she say come on let's let's go over to Mount Karma. And uh so and I was gonna get on side-saddle she said oh no said let's ride stride. Well I never had in my life done that. And uh so {NW} Monday morning I was so sore I couldn't hardly walk. {NW} And she was she just in good good spi- spirits and healthy she I mean she wasn't she's used to it see and I wasn't. {D: And uh ones that rode uh regular had what they called a habbock.} Be a maybe a black skirt to go over their clothes to keep any horse hair from getting on their clothes.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm. Uh did you saddle your own horses and everything?
703:  Never did. I always had a brother or my daddy.
Interviewer:  Uh what do #1 you call a #
703:  #2 I never knew how to hook one up to the buggy. #
Interviewer:  Yeah that's what I was gonna say #1 like what do you call those #
703:  #2 Though my husband and I courted # with a hor- horse and buggy.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  I have a picture in there.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  But uh uh still I never knew how to hook one up. When I wanted to go somewhere I'd have to get my father or one of my brothers to. {NW}
Interviewer:  How'd you make 'em go. How'd you make the buggy go?
703:  The buggy?
Interviewer:  Yeah.
703:  Well all you had to do is just hold the lines and if they didn't and if you wanted them to walk why they'd walk if you wanted to go a little faster just kind of give 'em a little lick down with the lines and they'd go faster.
Interviewer:  What'd you say to 'em?
703:  Get up.
Interviewer:  And what'd you say when you wanted them to stop?
703:  Whoa.
Interviewer:  And uh did you ever use a whip?
703:  #1 Never. Never. Uh-uh. #
Interviewer:  #2 Anything like that? You didn't have a whip or anything did you? #
703:  No.
Interviewer:  So um
703:  Even Papa didn't have use a whip on 'em.
Interviewer:  No. {X}
703:  And my husband when he was sawmilling there close to where we lived where we married. Why he had about twelve or fourteen big mules. To haul the logs out of the woods.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And haul the lumber to Rising for shipping. And uh he wouldn't he said that he always told 'em not to take any whip not to take whip to his mules. The men that were working for him. And he said he went to the woods one day and he found one a man that hadn't been working for him very long and he had a whip and he one of them was kind of a balky he what they they'd stop you know and wouldn't pull their side of the #1 wag- #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  their weight in other words.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And he was whipping him to make him do it. He said he told him said uh now that will ruin any mule in the world said they'll all get to where they'll just balk and won't do anything right. And uh said uh uh said you're fired. Said uh nobody's gonna whip my mules.
Interviewer:  Mm.
703:  Well that i- is o- one of them great ol' long whips that they Twist it together some way or or plait it #1 or something. #
Interviewer:  #2 Mm-hmm. #
703:  #1 #
Interviewer:  #2 # Um tell me about how y- um grandpa used to get you to go to school. When you didn't want to go.
703:  You mean tha- when I went to the elementary school?
Interviewer:  #1 I guess. #
703:  #2 At the Y? #
Interviewer:  I guess.
703:  I always wanted to go to school. Ah they didn't have enough money I suppose Pa- my father was nearly always one of the uh what you call 'em? Directors there in school. And so but I guess they didn't have enough money that summer to uh pay for uh for it out of the public funds. So we had what they called uh {X} {NW}
Interviewer:  What tuition or something?
703:  Yeah. Yeah we paid tuition. That's not the right name for it but every child that went paid so much a month. And uh this man that was teaching this school it wasn't a free school. Tha- that's what they're called when they had the tui- had the money to run 'em. And then this was uh anyhow where you had to pay your own tuition to get to go.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh my sister that was not quite two years older than me she was old enough to go to school but she was scared. To walk that and it wasn't all that far. Not over half a mile if that far and quarter mile we cut across the field. Uh but uh so my grandfather Bell would walk with her to school every morning and go back and meet her in the afternoon. And they go- got a scare out about uh they called 'em mad dog in those days. Hydrophobia.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Going around among the dogs. And uh so she s- really didn't want to go by herself. And my grandfather was getting tired. He was old and getting tired of doing that little chore. Nothing more. So I'd been saying oo when I get five years old when my birthday comes I'm gonna start to school. That was the legal limit age then in those days. And uh so one morning I got up to leave grandpa that chore of going with my sister Bertha. Why Papa told me sh- he said Mildred this is your birthday. I just run around there and got ready to go to school and just tickled to death you know. Cause I'd said I'm gonna start school when I'm five years old. And uh of course the teacher didn't care. Y- I Even if they'd have brought babies almost because the more he got the more money he made.
Interviewer:  Is that right?
703:  Yes because see more more students he had or more children he had well the more money he made because as I said it was so much a month for each one.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh so uh then when my birthday came Papa I guess he knew he'd told me a story and to make it right he told me said well Mildred this is really your birthday which is the thirteenth of December and I guess I'd started about the first of December. And uh I got all mad about it and I said well I'm never going to school again. You told me a story and I'm not ever going to school again. And I just about likely got a whipping. {NW} Til I did go to school. And I liked my teacher so much. I was so young. And not so very big 'til he'd take me up on his lap. And taught me the ABC's.
Interviewer:  {NW}
703:  And I just thought he was the grandest thing. And it wasn't uh oh too he was doing that to make money to make a lawyer. Or a doctor I can't remember which. One or the other. For himself. Trying to get all the money he could to go to school and I believe it was a lawyer but it could've been a doctor. Cause he had a brother that made a lawyer. Well it wasn't too long maybe a year or two doesn't seem like it was that long so I can't really remember I was so young 'til he died with pneumonia. And I know it just hurt me so bad that Mister Fairly He was Mister Fairly {B} lived there in the community's family bed. A big family of boys about six seven eight boys and one girl. The and the girl is only one that's living she's living here in Pine Bluff now. And she married my third cousin. We talk over the phone just quite often and she try makes me try promise to come up. Come by to there cause she's a widow woman now and uh but looks like I never get there very often around to see her. And uh but uh then I went on from then on I just went on then when they had the free schools.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  So much in the winter. Four four and a half months in the winter and two or two and a half in the summer. And uh ther- there were mostly four and two see the other would've made seven months but we had no holidays back in those times at all. Not even uh if Christmas came on Saturday if Christmas Day came on Saturday or Sunday we didn't get any day at all off. Because they didn't teach those days anyway.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Ah but uh if it came during the week we'd get Christmas Day off. And that's all and not until I went to high school at Rising did I know what it was to get Thanksgiving Day off.
Interviewer:  Hmm. You were mentioning some of the um diseases and things that people had that they died from. What were some more of the diseases that people died from back then? That they didn't have cures for. You said pneumonia and uh
703:  Pneumonia was very bad because they didn't know too much about it.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh let's see measles killed quite a few.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  They take pneumonia with them and kill them.
Interviewer:  What about that one that makes you turn yellow?
703:  Uh. Jaundice?
Interviewer:  Yeah I guess it is.
703:  I never saw anybody of heard of anybody with yello- jaundice. But in one of the tenant houses there they had this young man staying that he had yellow fever they called it.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And they said he turned real yellow. But I didn't see him.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  But uh
Interviewer:  What about those that we
703:  Typhoid.
Interviewer:  Yeah what about the ones we get the vaccinations for the uh
703:  Smallpox.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh and then uh
703:  And then they had chicken pox which wasn't so bad.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  That is if they took care of it {NW}
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  And uh but smallpox was real bad. And and they did have the vaccination for the smallpox
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Back when I was still at home. And a tramp came through the country and stayed all well stayed all night With uh Papa's first cousin Henry Daniel. And his wife and two children. And said they noticed up above his hat band. That there were some blisters sores like but didn't think much about it. And then in about well the time that it takes to take take it why uh cousin Henry had the smallpox. Took down with the smallpox.
Interviewer:  Mm.
703:  And my father had been to visit him they were real good friends as well as relatives. And he'd been to visit him that day. And it he my father was never so awfully strong in tho- back in his early days. He ha- he was really got stronger well he had a lot of uh sinus and cata- what they call catarrh. A fever back in those days. And uh so well it really did uh excite my mother about him being exposed to that smallpox. So they went and got him vaccinated. Right away. But it didn't kill our cousin Henry Da- he was awfully sick but it didn't kill him.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  Like it does sometimes. I've heard my husband talk about oh
Interviewer:  Tape three tape four listen to after tape three tape four listen to after tape three okay we Okay we start back in uh oh I know what I was going to ask what type of operations that you've had and uh for what
703:  Well I was I was Telling you about this rage of small pox over in Kingsland.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And they had a black District or negro district Out to itself At the edge of Kingsland And uh then they had the The white people lived in Another part of town you know But my husband Was working at this big drone mill {NS} That I told you about yesterday.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  Just a Young man About eighteen years old or something like that {NS} Well he worked with a A negro {NS} That day at the planting mill And That night he took the small pox and the next day he was dead.
Interviewer:  Hmm
703:  So He went and got tried to be vaccinated Wouldn't take he was so healthy {NS} And strong he was vaccinated about three times he said it wouldn't take {NW} Said the last time the doctor just scratched his arm until it bled and he said now
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  If this doesn't take {NW} You're just immune from it that's all it didn't ever take on him but he never did take the small pox either. {NS} Husband said that {NW} That they put white men out there {NS} To watch {NS} They wouldn't even let a cat come out of that nigger district without they shoot it and kill it Or a rat or anything They was afraid it'd bring the germs over and the white people would get it So by doing that they the white people didn't uh Ever get it not anyone {NW} But being careful They'd take food there to that certain line And Some negro that was well would come pick up the food.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  {NW} And uh {NS} But they kept that watch That line to keep the cats Anything they'd shoot them If they saw one coming or across And uh By doing that the white people never did but the niggers just died It seemed to kill them worse than it did white people anyway {NW} Just lots of them died. Now then go back to what.
Interviewer:  Oh yeah I was going to ask you about um what operations you had had and what uh had had bothered other people as far as illnesses and things too
703:  Well I've had two major surgeries When I was young I had a Surgery for uh Appendix bad appendix And uh An ovary Removed on the other side And uh Then When I was fifty years old I had uh {X} Took out and.
Interviewer:  That's all right I was just wanting to
703:  Another major sur- #1 Gery #
Interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  When I had Had the uterus and everything.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm um
703:  And that's the major surgeries I've had one or two minor but
Interviewer:  Okay um skipping around a little bit can you tell me about some of the parties that you went to as a child things that you did
703:  Well I didn't go to any dances because my mother wouldn't let me But she'd let us go to What they called in those times play parties and And uh Oh just where they played games.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And I went to one what they called pound supper Where everybody'd bring a pound of something {NW} To eat.
Interviewer:  {NW}
703:  And uh They'd uh Had just kerosene lamps And {NS} So Boy and girl and Walk around they'd all get out and walk around the house And they'd they'd have big cake one big cake {NW} And uh {NS} They'd take that cake And You'd walk around the house And you'd hold it as long as they'd let you and then you'd have to {NW} Hand it on to the next couple and the next couple around the house.
Interviewer:  {NW}
703:  And then when they'd shoot a gun or something And the one that was holding the cake When that went off they got to Keep the cake.
Interviewer:  {NW}
703:  And oh yeah entertainments they had what they called entertainments that's where they just played. {NW} A little games uh Of various kinds that uh But uh {NS} She wouldn't even let us go to any Any form of dancing Not even the kind where they didn't have music Where they just had what they called The play parties.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  Uh Before I got married I did go to two or three of them But uh
Interviewer:  What kind of music did what were the instruments what did they use
703:  Oh Violin and guitar
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  #1 For that #
Interviewer:  #2 Piano #
703:  No They didn't well in the country out there have a piano.
Interviewer:  Do you play
703:  There there was one man My sister's I mean my brother's wife Her father and mother had a player piano.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm but you said you played the you learned how to play the piano
703:  Uh-huh But they only had the organ at home so I I couldn't Play all the pieces that I had
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  Learned
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  But {NW} I could play uh Religious music on the organ.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And mama {NS} Every once in a while that's the only kind of music we had in the home Later on in life they had the for big Radio I guess.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  But not Early There wasn't anything Mama would ask me say Mildred go in there and And play some songs play. Said I want to hear you play {NS} And I would. Because I could play those on the organ without They had plenty of octaves for that but
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  But not for all the music that I Took the lessons for for the piano.
Interviewer:  Did you uh ever go to any of these candy pullings or anything like that
703:  Never did my husband said he did but we didn't have any never had any out there I didn't know.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And my mother never would let My sister or I {NS} Well or Velma Would come to live with us after my older sister passed away when we got older. {NW} She wouldn't let us go by ourselves anywhere. Either one of the brothers had to go along or somebody Some man had to go along at night. When we went Because we walked mostly In the summer time to those things {NS} And Maybe The brother That's next to me Would Go With us But he was young and he didn't like to go too much Then when my husband and I started dating Why Velma'd go with us In the buggy He had a Pretty horse and buggy And she'd go with us And uh the boy that she finally married. {NS} He didn't have anything he was just a farm boy And uh {NW} So he {NW} He'd meet her there and then he'd walk her home Or walk her back to the buggy.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And just be with her At the Party or entertainment And at that time We only had Church Or that is preaching About once a month because there wasn't any preacher who lived In the community. And it was hard to get someone from Camden I think this man Came from Camden up there once a month. Part of the time and preach {NW} Then we'd hold they'd have our bible service in summer time for a week or Or more But uh And uh But we'd meet together at the church just the same. {NS} Some Sometimes they'd set set it in the morning Then they decided to change it in the afternoon maybe it'd be the time of year And uh We'd meet and sing and pray and And have a bible lesson.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  Whether we had a preacher or not And we'd take the Lord's supper.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm when you were uh courting what were some of the names of things that you called it besides courting
703:  Well having dates
Interviewer:  Were there any funny names that you called it
703:  Can't remember any
Interviewer:  Um if you were uh
703:  I didn't really call it courting I do now. {NS}
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  But I just say that I have a date For this afternoon {NW} And my husband {NW} To be Had this horse and buggy I said {NW} And he'd come after me a lot of times on Friday afternoon {NW} See he'd shift lumber from Rison Arkansas. By the car load He had a Man that looked after it Uh {NW} And all. #1 But uh #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
703:  Still He he was down there too quite often And Sometimes he'd come down there on business and then he'd come {NW} Around and pick me up after school And Take me home And then sometimes {NW} It's what he had to do on Monday But if he needed to go back uh Go To {NW} To Rison on Monday On business Why we'd wait to Get up and get up Kind of early And he'd take me back to school on Monday morning But now sometimes he'd take me back Sunday afternoon. With his horse and buggy And uh Come Christmas time one time and he had gone home To see his people {NW} His Mother Sisters his father had been dead I never saw his father Since nineteen nine And uh Then he'd gone on down to Magnolia where he worked down there and boarded with these people He'd had an invitation from this girl that he'd dated down there To come down there and eat Christmas dinner with them . {NW} Um I I missed him so much In fact It he I thought he was kind of peeved at me And uh Because I hadn't seen him since first of December and that was When he brought me home And you know those By that time how short the days were getting And it'd be after dark when we'd get home Especially on those bad roads And uh {NS} I really didn't think my Husband to be Was uh serious He was older than me And I just thought that uh I'd call it flirting. I just thought that he was just going with me to Be going and flirting.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  When he'd tell me he loved me I didn't believe him And that night When he quit when I didn't see him from December until Between Christmas and the {NS} New Year's See we'd get off a week when I went to Rison high school we'd get off just one week for Christmas And uh We'd gone around Another way Because the roads were so bad either way you went And uh This {NW} Man that lived on papa's place had told him to come around Another road that was better Well he knew it But my husband had to be had never been on that road And it got dark so quick he couldn't Even see how to keep the horse in the road And he got out and later And we got lost in that old bottle And uh He had on his best some of his best shoes And through that mud and everything And He didn't say anything Scarcely Until we got inside of home we could see the lights Our home was up on a hill {NW} And as we were going up that hill he reached over and took my hand And I said Uh Let my hand alone will you please He said I thought that uh {NW} Your hand was my hand and your hand was Mine you'd be you were mine I said well that's news to me I hadn't heard that Kind of sarcastic like And I didn't see him anymore then Until After Christmas That's why then I had to come home by myself {NW} {X} Was teaching out there Now this is a repeat at at at my father's and mother's And they told him That he could take the horse and buggy And go home of course he wanted to go home for Christmas And I wanted to get back home for Christmas And He said uh It took him eight hours No it took him four hours To go that eight miles.
Interviewer:  Hmm
703:  The roads were so bad And uh Said as he started to leave said my father said Go pick up Said I had to go by and pick up Miss {B} She'd She was the uh {X} And uh Said I imagine she'd like to go home for Christmas too Frank said if papa hadn't said that he'd guessed he'd never thought about Miss {B} But it took him until After dark to get in there that night And Then I was to take the horse and buggy and start back home the next morning over those roads And Because as I said my husband to be had gone to Kingsland He said that he didn't have nothing to do {NW} He he never did say he was peeved but I know he was because he {NW} He said that Well That he had tried to tell me he loved me And that I would never respond to it And I Cut him off something like that and said he had decided that That if I loved him Really cared anything for him Why that I would uh write and ask him or didn't touch him in some way and ask him to come back To see me And which I did.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And uh If I didn't why then He I really didn't care anything about him and he was just wasting his time and he just left Quit coming to see me And But I I was so stubborn I wouldn't have written a letter if it hadn't have been for my mother and I told her what I said to him about my hand She said why Mildred Said No wonder He's not coming to see you said Any man would get Mad or wouldn't like a thing like that anybody would And that was something for my mother to say as strict as she was on us girls. But uh {NW} And they and she {NW} Her and papa both asked me to write that letter I wouldn't have written. I just wrote a little note down there Put it in the mail And Then he sent One of his men that worked at the mill Up on on a horse we called Dutch {NS} And uh With a note and said I'll be up there in a night That's how anxious he was to get back to see me.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And uh So {NS} From then on then we never had anymore trouble.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  {NW} I mean he never stopped coming to see me anymore {NS} And uh {NS} We got engaged We'd gone together {NS} Or dated On Easter Sunday March the twenty-eighth And we got engaged In April The next year And married in June the next year. {NS}
Interviewer:  Did you ever have any terms that you called kissing other than just kissing some funny terms or anything
703:  He went with me thirteen months before he ever kissed got to kiss me one time I would not let him. Put his hands about me I wouldn't let him even hold my hand See that's what That was about he reached over Took my hand when we got inside the Where we could see the lights there at home {NS} And uh I wouldn't let him hold my hand or anything. When he'd go to take me out of the buggy {NW} Course I He There was just one step And It's hard to get out by yourself but you can you can do it but {NW} He'd always reach up and take me And he'd put his arms around me and he'd squeeze me then And I'd make out like it I I didn't know what he was doing Because I had to get out of the buggy. {NW}
Interviewer:  Well did you have any uh funny terms for kissing other than just kissing
703:  I started to say then Uh We'd been to a funeral And he'd ridden Old Dutch And I'd ridden a horse down there {NS} To the cemetery To a funeral it was on Saturday afternoon I I come at home you see And uh So uh Wasn't any of the other pe- papa or mama any of them going So I just uh Mama'd let me go anywhere like that in day time. She'd let me go see sick folks or anything even let me go into pneumonia it's a wonder I had my But I was so healthy in those days {NW} And uh So uh I rode the horse down there and He rode Dutch down to to the funeral And uh So Then when we started back Why he uh He rode back with me all the way There on home.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And we went in the {NS} Living room What we called Living room And Were standing up in front of the mirror there just standing there Where there was a dresser As I told you we just didn't really have a living room just a ni- {NW} Refers to the nice bedroom.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  Fixed up bed And with the lace curtains and things that they had in those days And uh
Interviewer:  What'd you keep your clothes in
703:  Mama had a special place back there in one of those rooms that she'd put them.
Interviewer:  You didn't have closets did you
703:  No not at that time
Interviewer:  So what did you what did you keep them in
703:  {NW} Just a little uh kind of a side room built on.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  So we were standing in there in front of that mirror {NS} Talking {NS} Just Because he knew he wasn't going to stay long he didn't even sit down. Because He was {NS} It was in March or somewhere along there And uh He reached over Commenced to And put his hand that way and commenced to try Pull me over towards him and my face over towards him I pull back I pull back Finally he He was stronger than me and I reckon I weakened some too And he pulled me up and he kissed me on the cheek I said now you've done enough dirt go on home. You go home {NS} And he laughed And said no I'm not going home until you give me a good kiss And on the lips I said well you'll be here a long time then Because I don't intend to let you kiss me on my lips No You've got I've said you've done enough dirt You got all the kiss you're going to get But he just stood there and laughed and didn't seem to make him mad {NW} Until finally I let him kiss me on the lips and we had been going together thirteen months. Dating But it was just a little smack it wasn't One of those Big loving kisses But that satisfied him for the time being because that's the closest as he got to my Face.
Interviewer:  Yeah
703:  After that I let him hold my hand Wasn't quite so. #1 {X} #
Interviewer:  #2 Yeah #
703:  {NW} And Then we were going to school on Monday morning he was taking me to school And he said you know why I quit coming to see you About those three {NW} Sundays I said no I Because when he came back I asked him I said did I make you mad are you mad About anything No No he wasn't mad at anything No {NW} And he brought me The first present he had ever given me A pretty {X} And With real pearls around it It's the daintiest little thing And Mildred Dean wore it at her wedding And I wore it at my at our golden wedding And uh That was just before he started to leave that night He pulled it out of his pocket And before he had gone to Kingsland and on to Magnolia that Sunday he'd gone Got on a train and come to Pine Bluff Get me that present And he got a box of candy for the girl that he had Had invited him to come down there and eat Christmas dinner with him And he So I was trying to Put it around my neck And he said here let me fasten it back here And I let him fasten it because it was such a dainty little thin chain it was {NS} At least as small as that.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And uh So I never At that time I was so happy about him coming back I knew he would have Going to come back Or he wouldn't have Spent that money on me wouldn't have had that present for me And it made me so happy because I really did love him but I just Didn't think that I thought he as I said just Flirting with me because he had gone with a lot of girls you know he was older than me.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And hadn't married him yet And uh {NW} So uh After I was married I told him after we were married I told him that uh I said I wanted to kiss you on the cheek that night for that Pretty Present you brought me He said I wish I'd have known that you'd really got one good kissing.
Interviewer:  {NW}
703:  But said I was afraid to try it {NS} And I wouldn't do it I {NW} Even though I wanted to I didn't.
Interviewer:  {NW}
703:  Then we went together about thirteen dated about thirteen months more and got married. {NS}
Interviewer:  When you moved into your house did you
703:  And then the next time the about a month's time there was another funeral There in the community On on Saturday And I was home And that time He took the horse and buggy Down there I rode the horse And he He took the horse and buggy Because He thought that I might since I had been at the other one And he got one of the hands that worked for papa To to ride my horse back home And he took me and the buggy back home.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm uh when you moved into your first home how did you furnish it
703:  Well We just lived at the mill where he Owned it Owned part part of it he and E R Buster Of Kingsland.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  Were a partnerships {NS} And it was just a {NS} Three room house we had a bedroom A dining room and a kitchen.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  {NS} And we had an extra bedroom in the dining room the rooms were Large And uh We had an extra bed in there for company. {NS} In the dining And we had nice furniture {NS} For those days Great big round oak table and A dining that would make uh Had so many leaves it would make {X} Good size table {NS} I've always hate Hated I got rid of it it was solid oak.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm did you have something to keep your dishes in
703:  Yes had a had a cabinet.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  Which was something most people didn't have
Interviewer:  Did you have um what'd you have in your living room
703:  In the bed we
Interviewer:  Bedroom
703:  {NW} Just had a Nice bed {NS} I got a piece of the table after yonder {NW} I kept it out on the front porch oh that it ruined it I shouldn't have done it. It was a pretty round table We set it in the middle of the room and put the lamp on it {NW} And uh
Interviewer:  Did you have anything like this
703:  No We just had a bed Nice bed And a nice dresser with a Mirror that Uh you Full length that you could see yourself all in it was one of those beveled edge Mirrors.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And uh {NW} This little table And then he had a
Interviewer:  When people came to visit where'd they sit where did they
703:  Oh well we had We had rocking chairs
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And then we had Six chairs to our table that was solid oak.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm what about that uh piece of furniture that Kit has uh that Claire has in the living room that uh green velvet thing what do you call that
703:  Oh that came from {B} Home
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And it came I believe uh they told me that She got it from her brother's home Uh uh Franklin I can't think of his first name But uh
Interviewer:  What do you call that piece of furniture
703:  Called it a
Interviewer:  You called it something different from what you call this
703:  Yes I did
Interviewer:  What do you call this
703:  I call this a A couch or
Interviewer:  Couch
703:  Or sofa.
Interviewer:  Uh-huh and then you call that other thing
703:  I believe they call it a sofa don't they?
Interviewer:  I don't know I wonder what the difference well you know there's a difference in the shape and everything you know it
703:  {D: There's some they call devinettes you know}
Interviewer:  {D: What's a devinette}
703:  I don't know But that one up there that Claire has will open up make a bed.
Interviewer:  {D: So is that a devinette}
703:  No it wasn't de- in those days I don't know what they We had one over there that we got rid of when we moved here.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  {NS} That made opened up Made Uh a bed
Interviewer:  {NW}
703:  #1 Just like #
Interviewer:  #2 {NW} #
703:  That big one that she has in her Her den back there you know.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm now what do you call that one
703:  {D: Well I guess you call that devinette}
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm because it makes into a bed and um
703:  But that was a sofa I believe that that And it came from grandmother Griffin got it from her brother's home.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  {NW} Had it all those years
Interviewer:  Looks like kind of like a Roman bed doesn't it with the if you see any pictures of the Romans you
703:  I don't I don't know I ever saw that But anyway Uh
Interviewer:  Then uh what would
703:  My husband Had made a a nice box To put his Because he down at the mill before we we married He built him a room on the side of the commissary.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  {NW} And uh Because he didn't like to sleep with those Men {NS} At the commissary and they'd have to I mean at the boarding house And so he built him a room On the side of the Commissary And uh He built this box Keep his He had ever so many blankets Nice blankets For his bed And he built this nice box and painted it {NW} And I've still got it out yonder.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  I don't have no place for it in the house But We did at that time
Interviewer:  Did he build any furniture to put in the bedrooms
703:  {NS} No Not at that time
Interviewer:  What furniture did you have in your uh bedrooms to keep your clothes in
703:  Well We just had uh A corner {NW} Of With curtains in the dining room.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm then
703:  We hung our clothes
Interviewer:  #1 Did you have any pieces #
703:  #2 {X} #
Interviewer:  Furniture
703:  In the dining room
Interviewer:  No any pieces of furniture that you uh kept your clothes in
703:  Well had the dresser The dr- and the drawers
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And we had our trunks in those days everybody had trunks.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  Thought they had to have a trunk because if they went anywhere on a train or anywhere Why you Packed your clothes in a trunk.
Interviewer:  You didn't have one of these pieces of furniture that you uh hung your clothes in did you
703:  Did I have any uh {NS} No {NS} Later on in life we did when we lived here in Pine Bluff we did.
Interviewer:  What did you call that
703:  Can't think of the term
Interviewer:  Did you call it a um
703:  Part of it was book case and part Place to hang your clothes.
Interviewer:  Was it called a chifforobe
703:  Yes
Interviewer:  Is that what you call it
703:  Mm-hmm
Interviewer:  Now what's the difference between a chifforobe and the other the other thing that you also had clothes in uh it was another one uh it's not called a closet but a um do you know what I'm talking about you just had you just had the chifforobe and that's all you had
703:  {NW} Yes {NS} That's all we had here in Pine Bluff.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  When we lived there
Interviewer:  Um
703:  And you know the houses back in those days
Interviewer:  A wardrobe
703:  Yes a wardrobe was a chifforobe and a wardrobe A wardrobe {NS} Was Now grandmother Griffin had a big wardrobe.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  In her home that her husband had built.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  Out of Looked like walnut or some sort of nice wood
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And It had two doors And it was nothing but just to hang up clothes in On one side and put your linens and things on the other
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And the chifforobe Had a place to hang on one side and drawers on the other side of the mirror. #1 Up over it #
Interviewer:  #2 Oh # Oh I see
703:  That's about about the wardrobe.
Interviewer:  Can you tell me about some of your um outstanding subjects and accomplishments in school
703:  {NW} Well {NW} I was the youngest girl That went to Rison high school And The Won {NW} Nearly Won It'd be nearly every Friday afternoon Our superintendent Would uh Give out words To {NW} See how they could spell because we weren't Teach you know we weren't Uh studying any spelling in high school {NW} And I had studied {NW} Out at home And the blue what they called the old blue back speller The blue back speller And uh So I was better speller than most of them because it really had hard words in it And One Friday afternoon he was giving out this word I can't think of what it is now nearly can't And He'd point out this one in the room and that one in the room and none of them could spell it Went around I was toward the last and he pointed me out and I spelled it Course they thought then I was so smart because I could spell that big word But
Interviewer:  {X}
703:  Ordinarily I can When you want to you can And then {NS} The Last year I went to School down there He told us all It was the same Man uh Mister {B} Was the superintendent And he told us that we had to write an essay {NS} And uh A great long one. Well I I I was always good in English But now essays was else something else I'd never written a real essay I'd written stories about this and that Evangeline And things And when I first went to Rison {NS} I hadn't had enough books to read out there In the country And uh not uh The uh Papa while he was director he had bought A Whole Bunch of books and uh And a case.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  But They were Not what you'd call Classical Literature So I'd When we'd have to write about uh Write up something on this Why I maybe I'd have to go buy the little book and read it in one night To be able to Write about it or tell about it the next day {NW} About Romeo and Juliet and Caesar Things like that it was really classical literature And uh Then he told us we had to write this essay Well A lot of the Girls Or some of the girls They just Wouldn't make an effort To try to write the essay And uh They'd borrowed they'd go borrow one from Someone that had been to college And written a essay For college like {NS} Now you have to write a thesis see for a master's degree or something or you're doing this {X} For your master's degree Ann wrote a great long Book For her master's degree And uh {NW} So uh I Said well I've got to I've got to {NW} I went to a Lady down there that Had been a teacher {NW} I couldn't even think of a subject To write on and she said Why not monuments Write about monuments I said uh Well I'll try So There was a Mister Farrow {NW} That had a room Not quite as {NW} Big as this Full of books he just had A real library where the School itself didn't have very many books So I'd go down there after school in the afternoon And uh He knew my husband because my husband had Him had worked together they had a mill at Kingsland and my husband had worked for him there when he was just a Just a teenager Then he'd come on over to Rison and work for him over there {NW} And uh for a while Well {NW} So he knew us Knew me knew {NS} My husband to be At that time {NW} And also I was in the Same grade with one of his sons And uh {NW} The daughter I knew her Next oldest I knew her So I went down there to ask him Would he care for me Going in his library {NS} And uh Looking up things in his library in the books And I had that writing the essay he said no just go right ahead {NS} And uh So I'd go down and just knock on the door Come through the door and I'd just go right on in through it Library And So I wrote this essay it was three or four pages when it was typed.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  About four I think And I got the Medal for it got the gold medal.
Interviewer:  Oh you did
703:  Mm-hmm {NS}
Interviewer:  Well that was quite an accomplishment wasn't it
703:  See Uh Mister Baker our superintendent he sent them off Some place to have them judged He didn't have anyone at Rison because they might be prejudiced you see.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  {NW} And he sent him where they didn't know Any any of them that were sent {NW} Sending them in And when he got them back I was the one that had Gotten the Written the best essay they said And I got a Little gold medal The S I A they called it then School Improvement Association Had this Said they would give A gold medal For that And uh So uh When they got it back I di- I never expected to win it I just never thought about it I just done what he told me we had I had to do {NS} And uh
Interviewer:  {NW}
703:  Soon as he got it back And uh He found out I was the one That won it Why He uh He just come right straight down to where {X} Complimenting me and said he knew Mostly I was going to win it Because I he knew how hard I worked well I let him see it once And ask him {X} Better have it Copy it over before I had I had to get somebody to uh Use the typewriter and type it you see {NW} But I first wrote in long just in Long hand And uh I Let him see it and Asked him about what he thought about it I thought a lot of him and he did of me And uh So He knew I I think he knew all the time that Thought in his mind that I'd win it but he didn't tell me so Until Got it back and I had He said that that was the best one {NW} And he just come down there congratulating me {NS} Congratulating And another one of the teachers Miss Margaret Mosley She came here she come Said congratulations and hold her hand I said what about what have I done To be congratulated {NW} You won the medal she said you won you wrote the best essay.
Interviewer:  Did you get excited
703:  No not Especially I was glad of course for the hard work I put in But Not Especially Excited and you know where that is It's in the vault here in Pine Bluff.
Interviewer:  It's real gold
703:  Huh
Interviewer:  It's real gold
703:  Well my medal and the essay too Is in the vault And the it's getting so old and dry I would like to have it typed again {NS} For the children to Keep and read.
Interviewer:  Yeah I'd really like to
703:  And Every once in a while when I go to the vault I'll take it out and read it again And wonder how I got the much out to write about monuments {NW} But I did {NW} {NS} Before grandmother Griffin passed away {NS} Well I didn't have anything else of her pictures And she {X}
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  And uh Then When I done the Needle point on my chairs in the dining room Then I wanted to Put some Well they said I should have pin pointed it Well I never could find anything even got my sister in Cleveland Ohio to try and find me some {X} It just couldn't be found {NW} Small enough to go in there.
Interviewer:  Mm-hmm
703:  Finally I went to a place that Claire. {NS}
703:  were influential in establishment of both the male and feel ma- female academy in Warren
interviewer:  side five taping listen to after side 4 did your uh husband ever have anything that he used to tell time with that he wore in his pocket
703:  there's his pocket watch right there railroad watch
interviewer:  did was that given to him
703:  no he bought the watch
interviewer:  uh-huh
703:  and Clara gave it and uh after he passed away she gave me that little frame to put the watch in to really to make a little clock but I never keep it going I don't try to
interviewer:  if it's um if it's between ten and eleven o'clock like it is right now what time you'd say it is? right now what time is it over there
703:  ten thirty
interviewer:  do you call it do you ever say half past
703:  sometimes Mm-hmm.
interviewer:  um if you've been doing something for a long time you might say I've been doing that for quite
703:  well I done a lot of I done red cross work here's my diploma from that and I was awarded this for working with the {NS} four H club work #1 when #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  Ann was a girl {C: name} and then I as I said I was a teacher I mean president of the P-T-A #1 up here #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  two different times and held just about every uh office that the P-T-A had
interviewer:  well this was issued at Washington D-C wasn't it um
703:  see back in those years I worked with the P-T-A I was a member of the {D: friar guard} or uh what you called it the uh garden club
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  as well as the home demonstration club now they call it the home maker's club they changed it #1 from home de- #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  just like when I got that medal at rise and it says on it S-I-A which means uh School Improvement Association which later was changed when the P-T-A was formed while they called it P-T-A #1 parent teacher association #
interviewer:  #2 oh I see mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # um what kind of flowers did you grow for your garden club in your
703:  in my gar- #1 for my #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # in your garden club what'd you show
703:  well just I just grew all kinds of flowers that I could grow some we lived in that house over there why all this was in a big side of the yard we had about a acre in this yard and I just had all kinds of flowers and uh really I would have rather been in a horticulture club because that teaches you how to grow them where the other the garden club you have to learn to arrange flowers which I wasn't too interested in and I stayed in it though for ever so many years until I thought Anne is growing up and I thought that she needed new more help with this four H club work and things like that and she was in the band Anne was #1 and #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  and she was also in two singing choir one a choir and one something else I forget and mister brown coat same man is there now that's born the b- first started the band when Anne was about twelve or thirteen years old she was the first band queen
interviewer:  oh she was?
703:  mm-hmm #1 that picture I #
interviewer:  #2 and then # she went on to uh to school where did she #1 go #
703:  #2 then # she when she graduated from here? why she went to Harding and graduated from there with a Cum Cum Laude and then she taught school in Nashville, Tennessee one year she and one of her roommates had had at at Har- had been at Harding they were real good friends Sarah Brown and uh then uh my daughter {D: the under dean} told her by that time my husband's health was getting real poorly and she told him Ann that said if daddy's goes down as fast the next year as he has the last said I'd advise you not to go off so far as Nashville said because he won't be here and said you'd either have to quit school quit your school over there or never get to see him and so she taught in the deaf school in Little Rock that year
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  and sure enough he passed away just two weeks before her school was out
interviewer:  and she went back to college
703:  well she wanted to go on to K- Knoxville right out of when she finished at Harding and we told her she had gone to school sixteen years straight twelve up here and four at Harding and that uh we thought that she'd better do something else a while she might have a nervous breakdown or something and that uh least it'd be better for her to do something else so she taught those two years and then her father passed away she says now I'm going to to Knoxville this fall
interviewer:  and what school does she go to there?
703:  University Tennessee at Knoxville and she made real good grades there she she was a home ec student at Harding and uh she got a bachelor of science there Cum Laude and then from Knoxville she got a master of science she ha- she studied interior de- decorating and crafts and arts and management of children she had a double minor in that and they gave her the second year she was there they gave her a s- made her assistant teacher in this department so it made her stay two whole years where if they hadn't why she would she'd could've gotten out in a year and a half or so but they to- they paid her tuition and paid her hundred and thirty something dollars a month and that helped an awfully a lot because I was having to put her through I first thing when she said she's going back she went up to the bank she borrowed fifteen hundred dollars it didn't even last one half a semester and I told her there was that interest you know she would be going on a year or two and before she could even start paying it back doing anything to pay it back I told her I that if uh that I would pay that off for her that fifteen hundred dollars cause I just couldn't see it hanging over her head to have to pay back the interest that would be accrued on it and in the meantime and I paid it off for her and told her that I would try to help her the rest of the way and it helped so much then that was the first year and then it helped so much when she got to be assistant teacher there in that department but still that she had so much expenses and everything still that she'd call me and say mother I need so much money and I'd go direct to the post office and put it in air mail so she'd get it the next day
interviewer:  there's a couple of things that uh we missed about the weather that I wanted to ask you about if um no rain came around here for weeks and weeks what do you call it?
703:  drought
interviewer:  okay and uh if the weather changes in the fall when all the sudden it you get up one morning and it and it feels good outside but it's cold what do you say it's r- it's what
703:  uh say that again
interviewer:  okay um when you first go outdoors in the fall and you've had warm weather and then you find that it's real cold but to but it feels good you'd say that it's rather what you'd say this morning it's rather
703:  chilly
interviewer:  okay do you ever say anything like uh snappy sharp or anything like that
703:  no I just say oh it's chilly or cold this morning
interviewer:  uh-huh and uh what from which direction do we have the wind in in Watson Chapel
703:  well if it's turning cold it's from the north and if it's turning warmer it's from the south or southeast
interviewer:  do you ever have any from uh
703:  and if it's gonna rain or snow it maybe it'll be from the east and and when you get a east wind you're just know that it's if it's warm enough it's gonna rain and if it's uh cold enough it's gonna snow
interviewer:  and uh you don't have any do you ever have any from the southwest?
703:  yes sometimes that's usually the direction we get our tornadoes from
interviewer:  mm-mm from the southwest uh-huh
703:  they come start this way come on up around this way #1 {D: if you look} #
interviewer:  #2 um #
703:  southwest to the northwest
interviewer:  you said that your parents had a or I can't remember whether it was your home or your parents home had a a fireplace at each end of it didn't you
703:  uh-huh
interviewer:  uh what did they have in the fireplace? to hold the logs
703:  andirons
interviewer:  alright and that black stuff that came out of the fireplace was the
703:  soot
interviewer:  okay and the the um the part that the smoke went out was the
703:  chimney
interviewer:  okay and what did you call the different sizes of wood the wood that you use to start the fire
703:  papa called it kindling
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  because at that time he owned all that acreage and he had he had lots of pine woods that he sold to my husband after he'd come there and a sawmill in in that community sold in his a lot of pine big pine virgin pine and then he ha- he had bought my his father's place from his brother and sister and well he they'd just go back in those woods where pines had been cut down or they had fallen down and where they'd rotted and they'd leave the core of the pine and and maybe uh a knot where the limbs had been
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  and they'd call that pine knots and he'd have 'em haul up have the boys that worked for him haul up a wagon load or two of those for the winter and he'd cut those pine knots or that rich pine up into splinters
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  little fine and then he'd that's when he'd start the fire in the fireplaces
interviewer:  and uh did you ever have uh anything built out from the from the fireplace there the top part what did you call
703:  #1 yeah yeah mantel is #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  {X}
interviewer:  okay I just
703:  #1 solid #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  uh solid uh uh walnut mantels #1 on both #
interviewer:  #2 and then # the at the bottom where it came out what'd you call that maybe you'd maybe it'd be brick or rock or something and uh maybe you'd sit ar- sit around it
703:  that was the what did we call that {D: fire fire sky} oh well she's got it up high and they used to the the
interviewer:  did you call it a hearth?
703:  yes hearth #1 sit around #
interviewer:  #2 and #
703:  the hearth
interviewer:  if you had a room off from your kitchen where you kept all your food where you stored the food what'd you call that room
703:  {D: grandma Grifford's house had one} and we have one on the back what was it called kind of a closet back and yet it was called something else
interviewer:  would you call it a kitchen closet maybe?
703:  it had a name but something just
interviewer:  oh
703:  I can't think of it
interviewer:  to get from the first floor up to the second floor in a two story house how'd you get there?
703:  well there's always stairs but we didn't live in a two story house but grandmother Griffin did when she lived with the doctor Martins {D: that woman}
interviewer:  what'd you call the boards on the outside of the house that lapped over each other
703:  uh hmm my husband cut all that lumber that's over there in that house and built er- built everything so #1 but uh #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  #1 one #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  laps over there the like you say but uh I don't know what to called it he'd he'd know if here he could just tell you right now #1 but I don't #
interviewer:  #2 well what was the # building where you kept corn stored in
703:  well now that wa- papa called it a barn #1 he just ca- #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  he had ever so many barns on his place #1 one for hay #
interviewer:  #2 would you have called it # crib or anything like that
703:  I believe it was the where he kept the corn #1 a crib #
interviewer:  #2 okay #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  and uh he had a place for hay and an pl- and a barn for the #1 {D: cottonseed hoes and leaves} #
interviewer:  #2 what'd you call that # top part of the barn
703:  oh we'd go up there and play but I can't think of what we called it
interviewer:  did you ever hear any place that you stored grain did you ever have a building where you stored grain
703:  nothing much except uh barn for the corn?
interviewer:  if there was a um
703:  and up over that's over there was a storage place where he'd put the peanuts
interviewer:  what did you call it? did you have a name for it? um
703:  but we'd go up there and pick those peanuts off they'd pick uh peel 'em dry 'em and and then when we wanted to pa- have parched peanuts to eat we'd go up there and pick 'em off and great big pan of 'em take 'em to the house and mom would parch 'em for us and we'd eat 'em
interviewer:  did you uh grow your own hay for the cows?
703:  oh yeah my daddy did he grew lots of hay
interviewer:  when he got too much and he had to leave it outside what'd you call it when you put it in that big pile
703:  he never did because it would rot here in this climate
interviewer:  oh really
703:  it was all put in the barn
interviewer:  if you ever saw it what'd you call it if you ever saw it out in the field that way it'd be pile
703:  I saw that when we went out west to Idaho they'd just
interviewer:  what do you
703:  #1 they just #
interviewer:  #2 call that #
703:  piled it up outside but I don't know why they had just a great big pile they had gotten at that time till a bale of hay and they put those bales in a great big pile and left it on the outside but papa never had any hay baler he just had the cutter to cut it down and a rake to rake it up and he b- had a hay barn specially for that
interviewer:  um talking about hay what would be um would you have a name for anything like a with um say four poles or a sliding roof did you ever have anything that might want call 'em a hay barrack or anything like that ever heard anything like that um
703:  I don't remember that we did
interviewer:  #1 and hay time #
703:  #2 they'd take # they'd take pi- loft is what they call that
interviewer:  oh yeah
703:  a loft well uh that puts the peanuts in the loft over the corn
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  barn and then they put the uh uh hay up in the loft and then had one big barn that they'd just fill full of that and then one was in the loft over the stables where they kept the horses and #1 mules #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  and uh they'd take a pitchfork and pitch that hay down for
interviewer:  did you have any place where you kept the cows? when you got ready to milk 'em
703:  oh #1 yes it #
interviewer:  #2 what'd you call that place #
703:  stalls
interviewer:  okay #1 um #
703:  #2 cow stalls # were on each side uh of the barn that where the cow feed #1 box #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # um if you were in the field at haying time and when you cut the hay um what did you do with it what'd you say that you did with it you what
703:  when they cut the hay
interviewer:  yeah
703:  well they left it to dry for as long as it took it to to dry where it #1 wouldn't #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  mold or anything and then they raked it up with a uh machinery called a rake pulled by horses or mules and raked it up into kind of a windrow and then they picked it up
interviewer:  you called it a windrow?
703:  uh-huh raked it up into kind of a windrow and then they'd go along #1 with #
interviewer:  #2 what's a # windrow?
703:  well it's just like if I had hay here and hay here and I'd rake it up into a pile and just make a straight row of it #1 they'd go along behind with the #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  wagon with a great {C: interviewer coughing} big uh bar- top to it like they c- s- taking cotton to the mill cotton to the gin
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  and put that hay in that pick it up with a pi- pitchfork
interviewer:  did you um where people uh used to keep their milk and butter before the days of refrigeration what did they call that place?
703:  well my mother had a special little milk closet in her kitchen for when it was cold that she just kept it in there
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  and uh then in the summer time now this is after I was several years old uh there was that hallway between the kitchen and the s- store and my father had a pan made out of some kind of metal great big pan
interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  and about so high and she'd sit those crocks of milk out into that and put a cloth over and put water all around fill that uh pan full of cold water out the well and then she'd sit those that crocks of milk in that and she'd put a cloth over it and and that uh it'd evaporate the the cloth'd take up the water and the wind and all would evaporate it and help to keep the milk cool and I have known to like uh when it'd be so hot why she'd had a milk cooler and she'd take it and uh put it on a rope fill it full of warm milk they'd milked that morning and put it down and just to the edge of the water and then take it out for supper and it'd be so nice and cool a whole gallon and boy it would be drank up in no time at all gosh
interviewer:  mm-hmm uh in raising cotton um tell me about the work that they did in the cotton fields
703:  well first they plowed it up made it up into rows and then they would take put a plow right down through the middle of that row and they ha- papa had a cotton planter what he called a cotton planter and put seeds in that planter and just go along and and the planter'd put out the seeds like a- like he wanted it set it to put out as close together as they wanted the seeds sowed
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  and uh then they'd have it covered up and then when the cotton would come up why where it was too thick then they'd hands'd g- he'd have hands go in there uh and uh chop the cotton I believe they called it
interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  but thin it anyway
interviewer:  now if they've got uh plants in there that they didn't want besides cotton what'd they do?
703:  well that's when they worked it and cho- either by plow or by hand and cut it out of the hole just like they chopped in between these when it's too thick and they #1 chop #
interviewer:  #2 do # they have any name for that grass that got in there in the cotton fields when they didn't want it
703:  mostly crab grass
interviewer:  um what kind of fences were ar- around um yards and gardens what were the names of some of the different kinds
703:  I can't remember what kinds
interviewer:  if it
703:  #1 I I think when papa and mama first #
interviewer:  #2 was made out of wood what would you #
703:  bought that home that I was telling you about where he had bought so much acreage uh I I think that it uh that it just had a plain fence painted white around it just about so wide all around it and then later they had a wire fence put around it and later they had tore this old colonial home down after the children were all gone married and gone or go- at least left home and they built them a new house modern and they had all the conveniences by that time there was roads in the country and they had all the conveniences they had uh electric lights and they had uh they uh hot water heater bathroom in the house all the conveniences a city has
interviewer:  to keep the cows from getting out of the field what kind of fences did you use?
703:  well back when mama's father my aunt and my father had some of 'em they had rail fences that went like this you know and uh uh but my father replaced 'em with wire fences just fast as he could
interviewer:  now what kind of wire was that {D: where he use}
703:  well I don't know it it was just wire #1 fencing #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  and he'd put uh this barbed wire up on top of that on the posts to keep cows any kind of animal from jumping #1 in #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  that wanted to jump cause there are cows that would jump and there were horses mules or or hor- mules that would jump
interviewer:  what did you call that area that you kept them in did you call it fields or did you have did you call it something else where you kept the animals?
703:  c- called it a barn loft
interviewer:  and then
703:  and stables #1 and they'd be stabled at night #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  #1 they'd work in the fields #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  in daytime in the s- especially during the growing season and they'd bring 'em in the men would and water 'em and take 'em to their stable and feed 'em and they'd stay in there all night and then #1 get 'em out #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  next morning harness 'em up and take 'em to the field again #1 and the #
interviewer:  #2 um #
703:  cows we had stables for the we had stalls we called it for them and and uh
interviewer:  what'd
703:  #1 they'd stay in there #
interviewer:  #2 you call the uh #
703:  all night when it was cold
interviewer:  what'd you call the fence that was made of a loose rock or stones
703:  we never had
interviewer:  did you never had any of these um
703:  uh-uh
interviewer:  that you might remove from the field when you make a fence
703:  no
interviewer:  what would you c- you did you ever know what they were called
703:  no
interviewer:  um when you set up the barbed wire fence you had to dig holes for the uh
703:  well he had to have posts to to nail with staples to nail at first wire fence it was about four feet high and then the posts'd be high enough that they'd take these de- same staples #1 and #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  staple that barbed wire about two f- rows of it #1 up above that #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # now what did you you said you had a well what did you carry the water in?
703:  #1 well we #
interviewer:  #2 to the # house what'd you carry it in?
703:  had galvanized buckets to carry it in and mama always kept a cedar bucket #1 for #
interviewer:  #2 so you had a # wooden one too didn't you
703:  for the that was the water bucket that we'd drink out of
interviewer:  uh what about the one for for milk? what'd you carry the milk in did you have a different
703:  they were those uh metal
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  bucket I had aluminum #1 and that #
interviewer:  #2 what was the #
703:  #1 after #
interviewer:  #2 container #
703:  I was married I had aluminum buckets
interviewer:  what was the container that you carried the food to the pigs in what'd you call that?
703:  well they were just big old cans metal cans
interviewer:  what'd you say you were going to do when you were going out to feed the pigs go
703:  slop the hogs
interviewer:  did you ever call it uh a slop bucket or anything like that
703:  probably papa did slop bucket and {NS} he'd mix bran and and uh I was trying to tell your father Sunday about the ma- putting lye it was he'd take a can of merry wa- merry war lye they called it and I said he put potash well it's the same thing #1 but #
interviewer:  #2 what's potash? #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  well it's the same thing as merry war lye it's white #1 crystal stuff #
interviewer:  #2 oh #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  and he'd pour {C: bump} part of a can of that #1 in his #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  feed for the ho- hog feed every once in a while and your father agreed that it was good to keep the worms off 'em
interviewer:  um what did you fry the eggs in? something like that over the old wood stove what did you fry 'em in
703:  great big skillet I've got one now that's over a hundred years old it was older than my father mama gave to me it when sh- after my father passed away and uh I asked her she had two or three of 'em uh one was steel but this is iron and uh I said m- mama I want you to give me one of those and and she said I guess you'd rather have the one that's so old it's older than {D: electrical} father and I said yes I have and I have it in my {D: kitchen}
interviewer:  um did you ever have any little thing to keep the the flowers in in the house
703:  flour that you make biscuit
interviewer:  no no no the uh the pretty things
703:  mama never kept any in the house she had some in the yard but she never kept any like I do in the house
interviewer:  where do you keep them in?
703:  what do I #1 keep them in? #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm # what do you call that that you keep them in?
703:  well I k-
interviewer:  that little container
703:  some are are just ordinary clay pots and some are are wooden
interviewer:  but for the cut ones the cut flowers what do you put the cut flowers in
703:  oh why vases
interviewer:  mm-hmm and um
703:  like that right there #1 {D: kind of bigger tree for Christmas} #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # um in the kitchen
703:  now mama did have geraniums she grew 'em I said she didn't grow flowers except in the yard she did she loved geraniums and she'd had a lot of geraniums and she'd have 'em sit on the front porch in the summer time and I where she put 'em winter I don't remember
interviewer:  mm-hmm when you went in the kitchen and you turn on the water you say you turned on the what do you call that that it comes out of
703:  {D: tap} faucet
interviewer:  outside do you have a different name for it? where the water comes out from the house
703:  do we?
interviewer:  I don't know
703:  {D: I'm but} they're all called #1 faucets #
interviewer:  #2 faucets #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # uh oh when you went people used to buy their flour and it came in a what did it come in
703:  that's what I thought you were #1 saying to me a while ago #
interviewer:  #2 yeah what did it # come in
703:  papa bought it by the barrel
interviewer:  and a new and
703:  mama had a great big old
interviewer:  what did molasses
703:  #1 tray #
interviewer:  #2 come in #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  that she made up her biscuits in I'd give anything to have it now and she made up her biscuits in that it was an oval #1 shaped tray #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  kinda deep and she had to m- she'd make two g- great big pans of biscuits and put in that big up and she really could make good ones
interviewer:  now molasses they didn't come in a barrel they came in a what
703:  well papa had bought uh that that sugar cane molasses in small barrels or kegs because uh it would la- in the winter time it would last a long time and my mother liked it so much she didn't care for sorghum or anything like that much but she did like that sugar cane that came from around New Orleans and uh he'd he'd buy a small keg of of that it wouldn't be as big as the flour but
interviewer:  if um what about the lard what did it come in?
703:  well they made lots of their lard when they killed their hogs and put 'em up
interviewer:  #1 but if you went to the #
703:  #2 in salt #
interviewer:  store what did it come in?
703:  come in in buckets we called it with a lid
interviewer:  if uh you were gonna pour salt you could take a you were gonna pour some salt into say your your salt shaker and you you take a piece of paper and you could roll it into
703:  #1 cone #
interviewer:  #2 a cone #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # smaller shape and did you have any other name that you called for one of those little things that you maybe use it in canning that you would uh put in a jar so that you would get something in there easier
703:  funnel
interviewer:  uh oh the uh if you bought fruit at the store the grocer might put put it in a uh what would he put it in for you to take home now what would you put it in
703:  nowadays? well they just put it in bags #1 now just paper bags #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  but when I was at home papa would when he'd come to town he'd bring back a whole stalk of bananas hang 'em up out there on the back porch and we'd eat 'em just go get 'em and eat 'em so long as they lasted any time we wanted and he'd br- and uh they raised lots of fruit at home that they'd put up in barrels the apples {NS} as long as they lasted in the fall
interviewer:  what did fifty pounds of flour come in?
703:  barrel
interviewer:  what about uh
703:  I don't know whether it's fifty pounds or not but he'd buy a great barrel about this high
interviewer:  what about uh sugar how was it packaged? a large quantity of sugar
703:  it was in a barrel too at first
interviewer:  and then later what did what was it in
703:  well later it was in packages #1 like we buy now but #
interviewer:  #2 it would was it # any of those cloth things?
703:  the well now uh later in life when uh when one ni- {D: so many there for mama to cook for her} he'd buy the uh flour in a fifty po- twenty-five fifty pound bag it was cloth and the meal too when the corn had run out and he didn't have corn any more to take to the mill and then the- that's it my father quit farming so when he wasn't so old he quit the farming business all together and raised stock and built a big slaughter pen slaughterhouse and that's when I said he sold me out here to the A M and N college and different places here in town
interviewer:  um what
703:  #1 but #
interviewer:  #2 did #
703:  he always raised stock you know I've told you about him going down into the bottom and killing the hogs and taking 'em across the creek on #1 that little #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  mule
interviewer:  what did the uh potatoes come in how were they shipped
703:  Irish potatoes?
interviewer:  I don't #1 uh #
703:  #2 sweet potatoes # #1 he it #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  #1 they raised their own sweet potatoes and sold lots of 'em #
interviewer:  #2 potatoes if you didn't # what were they shipped in at the stores were they shipped to y'all no
703:  no
interviewer:  um well what do you call that um that rough cloth sack that the the you know just used for all kinds of things put things in and potatoes came in it sometimes
703:  they call it gunny sacks #1 now but that's #
interviewer:  #2 yeah #
703:  not the right thing what they called it then
interviewer:  what other names did you call it do you know the names?
703:  yeah sure the name but I can't think tow sack tow sack get a tow sack and go get so and so or uh buy something in a tow sack
interviewer:  well what about uh the amount of wood you could carry in your uh arms what'd you call that? just that much
703:  we didn't have anything #1 I mean we were just carrying #
interviewer:  #2 you didn't have anything #
703:  what we could
interviewer:  uh would you say something like an armload or
703:  #1 an armload #
interviewer:  #2 yeah #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  #1 of wood #
interviewer:  #2 um #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # if you were going to the mill to grind the uh corn taken to the mill at one time what would you call it do you remember any name for that they were taking a
703:  no my father would always do that and grind all of it he was so particular not to get one rotten grain or anything in it and take it to the mill grist mill they called the mill and uh have it ground and uh I don't know what he'd bring it back in some kind of a sack or bag I guess he'd take well he might have taken it in a have to be a clean tow sack maybe he might take it in one of those flour sacks or something
interviewer:  um
703:  I just don't remember
interviewer:  before electricity what type of lights did you what kind of lighting did you have at home
703:  my parents' home?
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  we first had just the kerosene lamps and then next he had a carbon light put in the in their rooms and he was the only one in the community that did and they made light all over the room kinda like a the electricity does but it wasn't really uh and the type of carbon was something I forgot just exactly what they did call it that he had put down it dropped down from the ceiling uh kind of a rod and then they lit it and mama had a little a stove like that she could warm or heat up something on without having to heat up the whole big range that she had in her kitchen
interviewer:  and um when you um {D: uh if you've been married} what do the nails come in? or they
703:  #1 kegs #
interviewer:  #2 used to come in #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # okay
703:  'fore I married and afterwards
interviewer:  uh and when you used to go take the clothes out to the line what did you take 'em out in? or what did maybe you still take 'em out to the line what do you take 'em out in? what did people take 'em out in a long time ago?
703:  I think we just took 'em in a tub when {X} when I was at home and after I moved here before I got me a a dryer why uh I'd take 'em in a basket
interviewer:  um what ran around the barrel to hold the staves into place? what did you call that
703:  well it was a band of some kind of metal but I don't know what you called that special metal
interviewer:  oh stopper for a bottle that you put in the top of a bottle sometimes sometimes they used 'em in a well they now come in uh wine bottles so what what do you call that stopper
703:  oh just {D: a slab}
interviewer:  #1 uh #
703:  #2 {X} #
interviewer:  #1 #
703:  #2 #
interviewer:  the musical instrument that children playing it was held like this
703:  #1 harp #
interviewer:  #2 what did you # is that what you used to call that
703:  French harp
interviewer:  uh-huh and um you pounded nails with what'd you call that
703:  hammer
interviewer:  and the wagon and the two horses and a long wooden piece between the horse was the
703:  {D: oh that's not math} I can't remember what that was they were hitched up with these two things o- one mule or horse between this oh it's a wagon tongue it went down #1 between 'em #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  but I can't think what those things they were hitched to by
interviewer:  uh
703:  and a buggy is same the buggy had #1 had that #
interviewer:  #2 yeah #
703:  hitch behind it to hold a horse
interviewer:  you had the backing in between the what the horses on a buggy
703:  had what
interviewer:  you backed him in between you backed the horses in between what to to to hitch 'em up
703:  oh that's what I said my husband walked through to keep 'em or but that {D: that chum falling in it} maybe getting down in that mud and breaking those one of those what was it do you know? #1 back 'em #
interviewer:  #2 um #
703:  in between that and hitch 'em up in between those two pole like things and that was fastened some way to the horses but there was a name for those things
interviewer:  what about the parts of the of the wheel of the wagon wheel you start with the inside that's the hub then the spokes
703:  #1 and the outside #
interviewer:  #2 and that went into # the
703:  outside they c- rim
interviewer:  okay
703:  rim of metal
interviewer:  on the buggy the the thing the traces come back to in order to hook on is called a but on a wagon that piece that comes back
703:  that's called a wagon tongue the thing that goes between the hor- the mules or horses
interviewer:  the bar w-
703:  #1 but and #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  and then the things behind 'em that #1 holds it it's #
interviewer:  #2 that hook on #
703:  traces aren't they?
interviewer:  A-huh and then when you have two horses and each one has a singletree then what do you call the thing that both of 'em are hitched to in order to keep the horses together?
703:  I know there's singletree behind each one of 'em and and then {C: windows beep?} it was hooked to the wagon some way but I don't know what you call it
interviewer:  tape fi- tape six listen to after s- tape five now tell me the parts of the buggy and everything now that you've got the picture
703:  these are the shafts and then they have {C: windows click noise?} some kind of I don't know what they c- well did they had what they called a belly band that goes around under the horse and up there I guess that's #1 that #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  and this is the lines that goes back that you guide the horse by and goes to its to its head here and that's the bridle #1 called a bridle #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm # mm-hmm
703:  and then they'd go back over the {X} horse's back and see there my husband has them in his hands
interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  in one hand this is a collar to keep from rubbing these other things from rubbing the around the neck hurting 'em around the neck oh yes and it has bits in its mouth that a- this horse was very tender-mouthed and very easy to manage because it was those bits that you can just barely see there going into their mouths
interviewer:  now the wheel this is the
703:  that's the axle
interviewer:  mm-kay and then
703:  this is the uh you said that
interviewer:  spokes
703:  #1 spokes in the wheel #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm spokes #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  and that's the rim
interviewer:  now does this have a special name down here where you attached it to the buggy? right there or did it
703:  well didn't it have a singletree back down there? I couldn't think that had to hold a horse to the buggy
interviewer:  mm-hmm uh
703:  but it was these things that he was so afraid that if the horse stepped in a hole that there might it might break {D: and I've not yet told him my name} except just
interviewer:  if you were out after you've plowed what would you use to break up the ground even more
703:  #1 break up the clods and #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  #1 things #
interviewer:  #2 uh-huh #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # after you've plowed then you
703:  well my father had a kind of a I don't know what you call it now but it was sorta like a garden rake only it was a big thing that you could put hitch a mule to and just r- go over it and break up the clods and make the bed even #1 for the seeds #
interviewer:  #2 and it made the the # soil even finer
703:  uh-huh break up the clods as you said
interviewer:  the um X-shaped frame what do you call that you lay across a log you lay a log across to chop it into stove lengths what do you call those A-shaped frames that you'd use to lay the boards across so like to make a table for a church supper to sharpen a straight razor on a leather
703:  it's a leather strap I have my husband's last leather strap and his old razor and the sh- mug before he got the electric razor
interviewer:  and did you ever have a piece of playing equipment where you had a plank and you laid it over a trestle and and it'd go up and down
703:  that's called a see-saw
interviewer:  and
703:  we had that lots of times
interviewer:  what'd you call a limber plank that's fixed at both ends that children could jump up and up up and down on did you have a name for that
703:  I can't think but Mary Dean used to bring her boyfriend home with her when we lived over there and they'd get up and want to jump on one of them one of the other bounce each other up but I can't think of the name of it
interviewer:  if you had a plank anchored in the middle on a stump or a post
703:  that's what this was it's anchored on a log or something out there that and he'd jump he'd jump her up and then she'd jump him up but I g- I can't think of the name of that but I remember well the see-saw that we used to play on
interviewer:  what about the long rope that you tied to a tree limb
703:  well it was just a
interviewer:  what'd you call that? and you put a seat on it
703:  swing we had lots of those we had n- one at tied to the walnut tree in our front yard at our father's home and he made us a board and notched it so we could sit on the board swing back and forth just so high
interviewer:  did you ever have a uh little small container to carry coal in?
703:  carry what?
interviewer:  coal
703:  #1 C-O-A-L #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  #1 coal #
interviewer:  #2 uh-huh #
703:  #1 we never #
interviewer:  #2 coal #
703:  used any never in my lifetime at any of the houses grandmother Griffin's at my father's mother's or at ours ever used any coal I believe they're called hoppers though but uh but we never used any
interviewer:  well what about a small vehicle to carry bricks back and forth the end or something did you ever have one of those little things? carry something heavy in it had one one wheel on the front
703:  wheelbarrow
interviewer:  and what did you uh sharpen a scythe with on
703:  a what
interviewer:  a scythe sickle or a
703:  sickle
interviewer:  yeah what'd you ever j- what'd you sharpen it on?
703:  how you spelling that?
interviewer:  S-C-Y-T-H-E
703:  that's a scythe oh well they had a uh had a grinding wheel that was made out of
interviewer:  was that the kind that turned around
703:  uh-huh
interviewer:  what about the kind that was just uh just flat or something
703:  well my husband had had {C: coughing} something that he sharpened his razor on that was flat and he'd take it back this way and this way but I d- #1 I don't remem- #
interviewer:  #2 was it made # out of wood or made out of stone
703:  #1 it's #
interviewer:  #2 or what #
703:  made out of some kind of metal now I don't have that today of all the things that I've got that he used just before he got the electric razor seemed like it was a oh I don't know {X} {D: I'm here just as well}
interviewer:  if um
703:  #1 scythe #
interviewer:  #2 something that #
703:  #1 a scythe #
interviewer:  #2 a squeaky #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  isn't that something that you cut #1 wheat with by hand #
interviewer:  #2 I don't know #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  I think it is you know like you'd cut wheat or something by hand the old time farmers
interviewer:  if um your car goes squeak and you had to lubricate it and you didn't lubricate it with oil but the thick stuff what would you lubricate it with?
703:  {D: well we had director} wagon grease #1 in a can #
interviewer:  #2 and if you got it on your # if you got it on your fingers what'd you say you you said you got what
703:  I never did do any of it #1 so I #
interviewer:  #2 oh you didn't #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  but y- {D: 'un} remember it was wagon grease this thick stuff
interviewer:  if you got grease all over your hands you'd say they are all
703:  greasy but I never did do that just like I never did saddle a horse or put one to a buggy
interviewer:  if you take your car into the gas station and get some gas you ask 'em to check the water and the what else would you ask 'em to check
703:  check the water and check the battery see if it's has enough water in it
interviewer:  what it what else would you use to lubricate besides grease to um keep something from squeaking maybe a a door
703:  oil
interviewer:  and you were telling me that in lamps you'd burn
703:  kerosene
interviewer:  what'd you call a makeshift lamp made with a rag and a bottle and kerosene?
703:  I don't know I never saw one
interviewer:  uh inside the tire of a car used to be the inner
703:  tube
interviewer:  what kinds of boats or did you ever have any different kinds of boats
703:  well back in early time they just had ordinary little {C: bump} little rowboats and then a boat with paddles that they'd go fishing in now of course they have all kinds of fancy boats but not back in my t- early days they didn't and they'd g- go out in that boat and kinda park it on in the water and fish from it some way
interviewer:  if you wanted to sign your name in ink you might use a
703:  blotter?
interviewer:  what would you use to write with?
703:  pen
interviewer:  the um thing that you use to cover up your dress so you don't get spots on it in the kitchen
703:  apron
interviewer:  soup you buy usually comes in a
703:  can
interviewer:  what kind of can?
703:  tin I think
interviewer:  and a dime is worth how much is a dime worth?
703:  ten cents supposed to
interviewer:  um
703:  it isn't anymore though
interviewer:  tell me about some of your some of your clothes that you used to wear some of the things that were different from us
703:  well we wore 'em longer even but now when I was a little girl I'd just wear 'em just {D: blowing easy now} later on I had some of 'em come down midways and I even had some to come almost to the ankle and we had high top shoes we never thought about wearing low q- quarters or like they do the year round now
interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  we had high top shoes and during world war one I had a pair of shoes that some of 'em laced up and some uh had uh some buckled no that buckle some had uh well on the side they had buttons or something kinda like a button to button 'em up on the side and some laced up in the middle and as I said I haven't come up that high during W- -orld War One #1 they just #
interviewer:  #2 when it got #
703:  called 'em shoes
interviewer:  when it got cold out what did you wear?
703:  around me?
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  coat
interviewer:  did you have sweaters back then too?
703:  yes we had some sweaters
interviewer:  did you ever raise any of your own sheep?
703:  papa had sheep sheared 'em sold the wool my grandmother w- had an old fa- she had a spinning wheel that she'd spin the wool or cotton either one and make thread and uh she'd she'd knit us mittens and things to wear on our heads to keep 'em warm
interviewer:  did you um
703:  and even socks for her husband he'd wear wool socks and she she'd knit the s- thread I mean she'd make spin the thread and and make him wool socks but my father didn't have any if I remember right
interviewer:  which animal did you take the wool off did you take it off of both the female the male
703:  oh yes
interviewer:  what's a female called?
703:  ewe E-W-E
interviewer:  what's a male called? mm the lamb do you did you take you didn't take the wool off the lamb did you
703:  not when it's too young no
interviewer:  #1 said you used that #
703:  #2 what what what # was it ram wasn't it female called a ram? I mean the male?
interviewer:  yeah I guess that's right and you took it off both of them
703:  #1 oh yes it didn't make any #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  #1 difference #
interviewer:  #2 oh it didn't #
703:  uh-uh
interviewer:  then uh the lamb did
703:  #1 in the #
interviewer:  #2 you #
703:  summer time when it became to commence to get hot my father had what he called shears wool shears to shear the sheep and he'd get get 'em in the barn catch 'em one by one lay 'em up there on uh on a plank up on a shelf like thing tie their feet together and shear down close to the skin and that that made it a lot cooler and also it ga- he'd sell the wool my grandmother didn't want so much of it
interviewer:  did you dye it?
703:  she did
interviewer:  what'd she dye it with?
703:  I don't know
interviewer:  maybe she used berries of some kind you think?
703:  she might have
interviewer:  did she ever make any uh matching coat and pants for the men to wear?
703:  not that I know of nobody ever made those things those in those days {NW} you bought 'em what you had my father said well now I guess my grandmother did make him clothes to wear because I remember him saying that he was a great big boy getting towards manhood and he g- had his first bought suit
interviewer:  what about their clothes how are they different from what they are now what did they wear?
703:  they wear suits I can show you what my father {D: loved when he was life more than that}
interviewer:  long dress isn't it
703:  {D: marry each other} lower #1 eight eighteen #
interviewer:  #2 what was it #
703:  {D: gore}
interviewer:  door
703:  {D: and letting half sleeves}
interviewer:  what's in the neck line of it? over there
703:  well it looks like lace or something but I really don't know cause all that I saw was a picture see how papa's co- tie and collar different to what there is now #1 and his watch chain #
interviewer:  #2 what's this #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  went down to his vest there and pocket vest pocket my husband even had that
interviewer:  what kind of shoes did he have?
703:  well I don't know they just they just looked like leather shoes
interviewer:  boots or something
703:  #1 uh-huh they were t- #
interviewer:  #2 like that maybe #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  that was before my father and mother was married they were going to school one morning that and that's the way she was dressed {D: and they met that robe in} {B} and he took that picture of 'em
interviewer:  well they look good don't they all #1 dressed up for school #
703:  #2 and my sister # even thought that was m- my mother's wedding dress my mother's wedding dress had ten yards of um white or cream {D: chally} {D: wool chally} with trimmed with the uh ribbon in the same color two two pieces {D: but had the eighteen door skirt} and but the other was a more like a {D: brass come down like} so to pr- and and her stepmother helped her and they fluted that ribbon all around that and all around the neck and all #1 and it was beautiful #
interviewer:  #2 {D: beautiful} #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  ten yards and the {D: chally} ooh I bought some one time to make one of my daughters a dress and it was all the price I had to pay for it but it back in those times there was nothing high six cents cotton six cents a pound to sell a beat of cotton or maybe four cents a pound and uh but as I said there wasn't anything high but you see for his papa's coat to come to his laundry most of the time {X}
interviewer:  yeah it is the one that's got the long uh this
703:  and my sister even thought I've got two pictures
interviewer:  oops you dropped something down there
703:  {D: one's too big to snow one's my} {C: clacking} Corrine made it this is the original #1 and then #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  Corrine had us all made one cause she thought she got the only one when mama died she thought she got it so she had us all made the children all made this one a little light this is my father when he was young doesn't look like him hardly there does it?
interviewer:  no but is it it's the same uh background whatever this is #1 right here #
703:  #2 uh-huh #
interviewer:  #1 #
703:  #2 # well photographers carried those things around with 'em
interviewer:  looks like it's all torn whatever the background is was this another background over here?
703:  I d- I don't know but
interviewer:  looks different doesn't it
703:  but they carried stuff around with 'em for to make a background this one's just darker this was the original and this a sister had made for us and my neighbor over here in his west had it all the time now she died her s- her sister sent it up to me
interviewer:  if um suits had pockets in 'em you stuff a load of things in the pockets you might say that they what
703:  well they they had handkerchiefs that they'd put in their pockets and keys or something like that
interviewer:  and you'd say the pockets were what if they're all spread out it's too tight you'd say the pockets were
703:  bulged
interviewer:  and then uh if you washed it and it got smaller like the
703:  #1 it shrank #
interviewer:  #2 collar on this #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # did you have any terms for when you um when a little girl goes out to a party and getting ready she said she likes to what what'd you call that when you got ready like to what when you put on your best clothes you like to
703:  put powder and cream on your face
interviewer:  yeah I know but when you put on your clothes you like to what what do you call it? when what did you call that
703:  well we had talcum powder
interviewer:  no I'm talking about what did you call when you put on your pretty clothes when you go to a party
703:  dressing up
interviewer:  dressing up did you ever say dolling up or anything like that
703:  no we'd just say we dressing
interviewer:  um what do you call the little small leather thing that women might carry coins to church in
703:  a little purse
interviewer:  and then the real pretty thing that you might wear around your
703:  b- bracelet
interviewer:  and to hold up the men's trousers did they ever wear um this thing that came across
703:  suspenders yes they wore 'em a lot my father {NW} never would wear a belt he wore suspenders I reckon as long as he lived he's got 'em on here I'm sure under that vest because he didn't like the belt around his waist some way it didn't feel comfortable I guess because he didn't have it then in his younger days but my husband always wore a belt he never wo- I don't remember ever seeing him with suspenders on
interviewer:  when it rained what did you hold over your head?
703:  well we had umbrellas a parasol whichever way you want to call it
interviewer:  uh do you remember using anything at the head of a bed that was about twice as long as a pillow? did you ever have anything
703:  #1 it was a #
interviewer:  #2 across there #
703:  bol- what what did they call it bolt? {X} no that wasn't it but
interviewer:  bolster maybe? is that what it's called?
703:  oh I've seen 'em but I can't think just they were just strictly for for to be pretty
interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  they'd stick the pillows inside of 'em in the daytime
interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  and back though in my early days they had pillow shams and they had a little pillow to sleep on then they'd have a big pillow that to sit up over the little pillow and then they had a pretty thing that they called {NW} they'd maybe they'd have embroidered and things on and they called pillow sham they'd bl- and they'd put that over the big pillow on the bed but I can't remember what the where they'd put the pillows inside those things called
interviewer:  did you ever make any of those pretty covers to put on a bed?
703:  such as crocheting?
interviewer:  um yeah and such as taking those squares of material and sewing 'em together
703:  no I never made a I I have one over at uh Memphis now a quilt top that I was going to use on the bed over here in and I made it the first winter we came up here called the double wedding {D: rain} then we bought this and and got started to building I was so interested in everything fixing up the house and everything till I never did quilt that at all I was going to use it for uh bedspread like but as a double ring w- uh quilt top and uh so they're quilting over there at that center and she had hers that mama gave her top she had it quilted and I then I sent mine over there to get it quilted but she said Christmas she still had the apartment huh with I'll never get my quilt and they used those on the beds uh quite a bit and yet they had bedspreads but they didn't call 'em bedspreads what did they call
interviewer:  covers?
703:  can't think counterpins counterpanes counterpins
interviewer:  it was like a spread?
703:  yes kinda like the bedspreads are now
interviewer:  um what about if you made a makeshift sleeping place down on the floor for some
703:  #1 that's a pallet #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # now let's talk about the difference in the uh different parts of the the field if it had a lot of water standing in it for a good part of the time what'd you call that? real low land like in Louisiana what would you call that? where it's lots of water standing all the time
703:  would you call it a slue?
interviewer:  whatever you know whatever you call it I don't know what it's called
703:  slue is usually a thing that comes off from the main river that holds water till and in the summer time and dry up in this part of the country but I don't know anything about what they call it in Louisiana
interviewer:  what do they call the place where salt hay grows?
703:  where what?
interviewer:  along the sea the salt hay where it's wet
703:  did you say salt
interviewer:  mm-hmm along the sea
703:  oh I don't know
interviewer:  what'd you call the low lying grassland with a low piece running through it
703:  I don't know that either
interviewer:  um what kind of soil would you find in the uh fields? around here here
703:  well this is not very rich soil right around here we have to enrich it a lot to get a- to make our garden when we first moved here uh but out at my father's had a red clay based soil and it dried up easy and that's why my mother could plant that garden that year before the fourteenth of February because it dried so fast
interviewer:  if it's part sand and part clay what do you call it? you don't know um did you ever have any thing that you'd ca- that you dug to carry off the water did you ever have to you know dig anything like that and the fields would carry off the water and what would you call those?
703:  I don't remember if I've have anything #1 {D: oh good} #
interviewer:  #2 oh #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # a deep narrow valley cut by a stream of water in the woods or in a field about ten feet deep about ten feet across what would you call that?
703:  would you call it a bayou I don't know
interviewer:  um what would you call a small rise in the land?
703:  hill
interviewer:  if it was a larger rise in the land what would you call it then? like Pike's Peak it's a larger
703:  #1 oh #
interviewer:  #2 rise #
703:  well that's a mountain
interviewer:  and um up in the mountains when a road goes across in a low place you'd call it a don't have any idea um what do you call where boats stop and uh form which freight is unloaded
703:  well we got that on Arkansas River
interviewer:  what do you call those?
703:  I don't know boat landing? I don't know I just know that since they made all those things across Arkansas River but you know they do have boats now that's going up and down the Arkansas River delivering and picking up the other day one sank with so many tons of rice you know bar- barges
interviewer:  the place
703:  #1 besides #
interviewer:  #2 where #
703:  a boat uh barge {D: pull itch you know}
interviewer:  what do you call a place where a lot of water falls over
703:  where a lot of water?
interviewer:  mm-hmm it falls along this it's a {X} you were talking to my son about the the roads being so bad and not being paved and all what do you call the the little road that would take off of a big road maybe
703:  trails it'd be a lot of the time they'd have just a trail through the woods somewhere to go somewhere you know #1 close #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  by by but now that water business I can't think at all about that #1 it's uh it's #
interviewer:  #2 what about the #
703:  called an overflow isn't it where you have a big amount of rain on the land and #1 and #
interviewer:  #2 what if # you get it before what if you just got a natural one that's pretty to look at
703:  natural what
interviewer:  lots of water
703:  #1 well #
interviewer:  #2 coming down #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # falling to the ground um
703:  you ha- you can have 'em have lakes of water if you have too big of s- of something place you can call it a lake but uh
interviewer:  what are the uh important roads around Watson Chapel made of one that wouldn't be so important wouldn't be used too much would be what kind of a road
703:  like the warner boys puts out what is that
interviewer:  was it asphalt?
703:  asphalt #1 {D: or wasp} #
interviewer:  #2 and one that would # be used a whole lot might have that white stuff on it it'd be made out of like sidewalks are made out of
703:  oh concrete
interviewer:  that what would you call that on a road?
703:  I never knew but one concrete road and that was the first one that was ever built between here and Little Rock and it's just wide enough for one car and they call it just called it uh {D: doll way road} and it was made out of concrete but I don't see any made out of concrete this day and time do you? any roads?
interviewer:  some of 'em but they're those big highways
703:  are they?
interviewer:  mm-hmm they have those seams between 'em what do you do you have a special name for the thing that people walk on along the side of the street that's paved it's just for
703:  #1 sidewalk #
interviewer:  #2 walking # is that what you call it did you c- ever call it anything else?
703:  that's all I ever call it sidewalk
interviewer:  um
703:  Clarence got an asphalt drive up to her house don't you know
interviewer:  that's right
703:  but we've got a concrete drive here I wasn't thinking about it carport and the #1 driveway is #
interviewer:  #2 {D: that's true} #
703:  concrete
interviewer:  did you ever have any pets? as a child
703:  yes
interviewer:  what were some
703:  #1 little #
interviewer:  #2 of your pets #
703:  kittens and little goslings
interviewer:  goslings she
703:  #1 and mama'd go to #
interviewer:  #2 ever have any dogs #
703:  mama'd go to feed the little goslings and I'd always tag along with her tag along with her and get her to let me hold 'em in the hand they were so soft and sweet and I just loved 'em to death and uh the old goose would by yourself like a child she'd flog you when you'd go to pick up those goslings and uh but somehow I managed to get a hold of one through the fence some way I g- it must have come through where I could reach it so the old goose wouldn't flog you with her wings and I carried it around by it's little head I was that young till I just carried it around by its head and neck till I choked it to death mama found me with it it was already dead and said she'd just let me carry it that day because I just loved 'em so much I didn't know whether it was dead I just carried it
interviewer:  did you ever have any dogs?
703:  I didn't ever care for dogs my husband has had a few since we'd been married and my father always kept big old what he called ho- uh hog dogs he'd take in the woods to help trail up his #1 hogs #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # um
703:  he even bought some back in his day but my husband never did have never raised hogs or anything on just some to eat and uh we we never had we had a dog when we moved here to Watson Chapel something happened to it I don't know what but it just {D: just taken off I think} cause it barked at night and disturbed the neighbors and I think they just took it off maybe killed it or throwed it away and then Anne had a little little dog a little bitty poodle like dog and it got killed on the highway over th- first year we lived here and uh then she had one here after we moved to this place here see we rented the first year we were at Watson Chapel and bought this van till we could get the house built and uh um uh same w- girl that give it to her run over it out here on the road and killed it and that's all the dogs that oh yeah and somebody give my husband a dog call and he called it Pat just a little dog and he thought and it was a bit ragged dog and he thought a lot of that little old Pat but as for me I never cared for dogs I I like the kittens when I was young and when I got older I didn't care for cats either much e- that I've never wanted anim- I've never wanted any of it in my house cats or dogs
interviewer:  do you have a name for a dog that uh was of mixed breed what'd you call that what you say
703:  no I don't know
interviewer:  {X}
703:  #1 cause #
interviewer:  #2 uh #
703:  most dogs back in those days were mixed breed
interviewer:  would you call it a mutt or anything like that? a worthless or a noisy dog what'd you call it did
703:  well I've heard people call dogs a mutt but we never papa had names for his hog dogs a special name so did my husband have a name for his dog
interviewer:  um
703:  they had had two dogs when she had pa- got grounded and the- one was Bob and one was Shorty one didn't have any tail at all called it Bob and the other one was Shorty and we'd we took 'em over here and somebody killed Bob that very first summer and we kept Shorty till he got real old
interviewer:  you said you had horses on your farm?
703:  mm-hmm horses and mules
interviewer:  well what um did you have any females?
703:  n- never had any colts born #1 so #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  I know though we did have a #1 mare or #
interviewer:  #2 what'd you #
703:  two #1 but we #
interviewer:  #2 yeah #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  just never did have any colts
interviewer:  did you have any males?
703:  yes I think we had one one horse that we rode was ma- was a male and one was a female
interviewer:  what was the male one called was it what would you call that? would you call it a stallion or
703:  uh yeah they're stallions but we never had nothing like that that'd cut up like a stallion on papa's farm so maybe they were w- both mares that we c- hook to a buggy and and drove cause my husband here had two big quiet mares that he used to pick up logs to carry to the mill back here behind the house back where it's all woods now can't find anything but just a sawdust pile and he had two big quiet mares and uh one had a colt and h- when he bought him man that bought him from wouldn't tell him that that one's gonna have a po- a foal they call it and uh so when this little foal came why it was bay instead of white like i- like its mother it was a bay red colored but they just they call it bay and he was the meanest thing he was so mean you just didn't dare get around him or anything till after he was castrated then he got just as tiny and my husband could work him at the mill got a picture of Anne on his back but oo he'd bite he'd kick he'd do everything before that was done to him so that's why I said I know my father didn't have any such things so they b- must have both been mares
interviewer:  did you ever fall off one?
703:  mm-mm I never did ride it just mares #1 and #
interviewer:  #2 before # you were married
703:  I #1 never did #
interviewer:  #2 {D: yep} #
703:  fall off uh-uh and I've galloped 'em too that's that's when they do this way just go in a
interviewer:  what'd you put on their feet to uh
703:  horseshoes
interviewer:  what do you call that part of the foot that you put it on
703:  hoof
interviewer:  and um what was the game that you played with horseshoes what'd you call that game did you ever play a game
703:  #1 pitching #
interviewer:  #2 with it #
703:  horseshoes
interviewer:  mm-hmm the um castrated male hog did you ever have a another
703:  #1 that was #
interviewer:  #2 name # for it
703:  well the it was a boar before it was castrated
interviewer:  but would you call it anything?
703:  I can't think of it do you?
interviewer:  what are what do the uh hogs have on their back those uh stiff uh
703:  bristles is that what you #1 call it #
interviewer:  #2 yeah #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # and then the big teeth they have on on on the
703:  they were teeth {X}
interviewer:  did any of 'em ever have it have those big teeth?
703:  they did until they got old and then tushies #1 they'd have #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  if they you let 'em get old they'd catch you when they'd come out {C: ringing}
interviewer:  let's start with uh
703:  surely this won't take {D: this is one of my husband's passed away uh they've got papas and mamas dead spoke}
interviewer:  #1 mm-hmm #
703:  #2 in that #
interviewer:  #1 #
703:  #2 # just stay and stay and stay
interviewer:  oh that's real nice aren't they
703:  it says rest in peace
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  and then I got this bigger one and {D: it cost} it said rest in peace it'll be on the sunset #1 that's the sweetest thing #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  #1 and #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  now his picture was in color and it didn't make good
interviewer:  oh it's a good picture but it'd look nicely in there
703:  no it's blurred don't you see #1 his eyes are all blurred #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm mm-hmm #
703:  and everything
interviewer:  it's not something you could really keep
703:  mm-hmm I got papa's #1 mom to do that #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  {D: don't know why in the world I didn't do leaves I had never heard leaves} {D: when Layton} drowned I never had heard of those #1 things #
interviewer:  #2 oh # really um the thing that you put food in for a hog would be a what
703:  trough
interviewer:  alright if you have a name for a hog that's grown up wild what do you call it?
703:  well I don't know #1 just wild hogs #
interviewer:  #2 the one that would #
703:  but uh my father didn't have wild hogs I said he went down to the woods and carried corn called 'em up and kept 'em tame and and marked 'em in his mark
interviewer:  the noise made by the calf when it's being weaned? what do you call the noise a calf makes?
703:  what do we call a calf when she she
interviewer:  what did she make? #1 what kind of noise does she make? #
703:  #2 that's what I said what does she #
interviewer:  #1 #
703:  #2 # what'd we call a calf a bawler didn't it #1 and a calf #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  would be bawling wouldn't it #1 cause for exam- #
interviewer:  #2 what about at # feeding time the gentle noise of the cow
703:  mooing
interviewer:  and the uh noise of the horse that the horse makes
703:  when it's eating?
interviewer:  uh any time #1 a gentle noise #
703:  #2 they neigh #
interviewer:  okay a gentle noise
703:  a what
interviewer:  a gentle noise that it makes
703:  I don't know I just know they neigh #1 when #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  they want something or some time
interviewer:  maybe they'd be standing there making a little gentle noise what would you call that do you have anything for that
703:  huh-uh didn't know they did it
interviewer:  um what would you call the group of horses mules and cows
703:  {D: they're awfully light} {D: made of sharp speech}
interviewer:  tape seven play after tape six what is it you call the animals like cows horses and mules so forth when you had to g- go out and feed
703:  now you want me to give
interviewer:  again we didn't get that a minute ago
703:  I ju- I j- we just always said we had to go tend to the stock or feed the cows #1 and #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  and and the men fed the horses {C: interviewer coughing} I never fed the horses but
interviewer:  if you're going to feed the hens turkeys geese and so forth you have a name for all of 'em you're going to go out to feed
703:  I would go out and and pick up the eggs and and give corn to the chickens Mama never #1 did have #
interviewer:  #2 did you have # a name for all of 'em? chickens turkeys
703:  mama never had any turkeys she had some geese
interviewer:  geese did you have a name #1 for all of 'em #
703:  #2 but I didn't # feed them
interviewer:  #1 well if #
703:  #2 we had #
interviewer:  somebody did what would you call it went out to feed the what
703:  go out to feed the
interviewer:  what'd you call 'em did you call 'em anything well what'd you call a hen on a nest of eggs
703:  setting
interviewer:  and um a place where the chickens lived what'd you call that
703:  hen house #1 well see I never #
interviewer:  #2 what was the uh #
703:  I never fed nothing but the ch- but the chickens
interviewer:  the part of the chickens that was supposed to be lucky when you ate the chickens what was what was the lucky bone what did you what did you call that
703:  uh that well what did we call it
interviewer:  what did you call it did you call it a wishbone?
703:  wishbone
interviewer:  uh what do you call the inside parts of the chicken that you eat like the liver the heart and the gizzard #1 chicken #
703:  #2 gib- #
interviewer:  #1 #
703:  #2 # giblets
interviewer:  and the part that you sometimes eat and you so sometimes stuff sausage in was called
703:  the cavity in the chicken
interviewer:  no no this isn't on a chicken this is on a uh a hog
703:  oh
interviewer:  the part that you eat and you sometimes stuff sausage in
703:  oh well
interviewer:  maybe you didn't eat that part of it
703:  no my mother always put her sausage up in sacks #1 made out #
interviewer:  #2 no # I'm talking about
703:  #1 but uh #
interviewer:  #2 what # part of the animal did it come from? what'd you call it you called it the
703:  to make sausage #1 out of? #
interviewer:  #2 uh-huh #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  uh Papa took all the lean from down the back where we called T-bone #1 now #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  and uh or T is it T-bone in the in uh calves uh well anyway all that back instead of being cut up well he'd that went into backbone and he took all the lean meat in there and put it in a sausage trimmed the hams and the shoulders put the lean meat and sauce and some fat but not too much
interviewer:  did you ever use the insides of the hog for anything? some people did
703:  my {X} used those intestines and cleaned 'em and stuffed her sausage in that and then smoked it
interviewer:  well what did you call that?
703:  I don't know #1 cause my mother #
interviewer:  #2 did you call it just # intestines is that what you'd call it?
703:  no that's not what she called it but I don't know cause my mother never done it
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  and then the chitlins
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  uh some people m- it ate chitlins and my mother never m- fixed none of those things I never ate a bite of one in my life
interviewer:  mm-hmm oh
703:  but my sister in law just loves them did like 'em so much she can't eat 'em anymore
interviewer:  if it's time to feed the stock and do the chores you'd say it is if it was time to do that to feed the stock to do the chores you say it {X}
703:  time to time to go uh go out and and feed #1 well #
interviewer:  #2 What kind of time #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # okay did you call it feeding time?
703:  mm-hmm
interviewer:  um what how did you call a cows what call did you use? or any one of the family
703:  I can't remember
interviewer:  #1 if you call a pasture #
703:  #2 let's see how did he #
interviewer:  #1 #
703:  #2 #
interviewer:  if it what did you call the how did you call a calf? or if you didn't but do you know how someone else did it in the family?
703:  we just drove 'em where we wanted 'em to go
interviewer:  okay you didn't call 'em uh what'd you say to a mule or a horse to make him go left and right
703:  hee haw
interviewer:  and
703:  #1 hee w- #
interviewer:  #2 we #
703:  hee was for one side and haw for the other #1 other #
interviewer:  #2 hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # maybe that's where they got that name for that TV program
703:  maybe so
interviewer:  I didn't know that what did you call to the horses when you trying to get 'em from the pasture did you ever have any type of a call? none you just went out and drove 'em in?
703:  #1 went out and put her {C: bump} #
interviewer:  #2 did #
703:  bridle on brought 'em in or something {C: bumps}
interviewer:  um when you wanted a horse to to move for you what did you say to him
703:  get up
interviewer:  #1 did you ever call #
703:  #2 that you'd take the # #1 take the reins #
interviewer:  #2 mm mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  #1 that's the #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  thing that goes down the back
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  and kinda p- give 'em a little of that say get up
interviewer:  and then to stop him or to back him up you'd
703:  just we'd just pull tight on the reins and and stop without saying anything as far as I remember
interviewer:  mm-hmm what about the call to pigs when you're getting ready to feed them
703:  my papa did have a call for that sooey? #1 sooey? #
interviewer:  #2 sooey? #
703:  #1 sooey sooey? #
interviewer:  #2 sooey? #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # uh what about call to sheep was there any call to sheep that you know of
703:  uh-uh
interviewer:  a call to chickens?
703:  chick chick chick chick chick chick chick
interviewer:  um whenever your father went out to get the horses ready for driving or plowing he said he had to go out to
703:  put the harness on
interviewer:  and when you were riding the horse you had to put your feet
703:  in the stirrups especially if you're older astride if you rode side saddled you couldn't get your feet
interviewer:  now if you were riding the horse and all of a sudden you slipped and you fell and you fell like this you fell
703:  backwards
interviewer:  and if you fell like this you fell
703:  forwards I remember they uh the side saddle didn't have stirrups but it had a thing up th- that you put y- leg up this way over {X}
interviewer:  the big um trenches cut by plow what did you call those
703:  furrows
interviewer:  and if you wanted to get rid of brush and trees on the land you said you did what
703:  clearing
interviewer:  and if it was the second cutting of clover of grass what did you call the old dry dead grass that's left over on the ground in the spring
703:  I don't know #1 pap- #
interviewer:  #2 you #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  papa never cut it #1 a second time #
interviewer:  #2 you said you # never raised wheat but the wheat was if it was tied up it was tied up into what
703:  into bundles
interviewer:  and then the bundles or sheaves are piled up into what would you call it when you piled 'em up they were piled up into a standing pile what was that called?
703:  I don't know I've seen corn #1 shocked #
interviewer:  #2 uh #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # okay
703:  mm-hmm I #1 started to say I had #
interviewer:  #2 and #
703:  seen corn in shock
interviewer:  if you were putting those the corn up into baskets and you were measuring it you might say we we raised forty
703:  bushels
interviewer:  of wheat to an acre or corn to an acre um what do you gotta do with oats to separate the grain from the rest of it
703:  papa never raised any oats except just for green pasture
interviewer:  what's it called when you separate it?
703:  I don't know
interviewer:  uh
703:  he he'd raise it and and just turn stock fe- on it in the spring to let 'em graze it down
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  don't think I ever knew of him cutting any oats
interviewer:  if something belongs to me you say it's
703:  mine
interviewer:  but if it belongs to both of us you'd say it's
703:  ours
interviewer:  if it belongs to them it's
703:  theirs
interviewer:  if it belongs to him it's
703:  his
interviewer:  if it belongs to her it's
703:  hers
interviewer:  when people have been to visit you and they're about to leave you say to them
703:  uh
interviewer:  come back again
703:  come back #1 again #
interviewer:  #2 you say #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # what do you say to a meet
703:  I say we're glad to have had you come back again
interviewer:  alright but you might say y- you might point to 'em or you might have your hand out and say y-
703:  {X} well we're sure g- glad to had you and uh come back again real soon or something like that and then say goodbye
interviewer:  you say y'all come back again?
703:  #1 well #
interviewer:  #2 or you could say #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  #1 might #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  you all don't s- that's what they said th- that they accused us saying for one person but in the south say you all #1 for just #
interviewer:  #2 hmm #
703:  one but I never did when I said you all it was more than one
interviewer:  um if you're asking about people at a party you would say if you wanted to know the people that'd been there instead of saying you all been there you would say you were asking someone you wanted to know the people that had been there at the party what would you say
703:  who all was at the party
interviewer:  and when you're asking about a speaker's remarks you might say that he
703:  #1 they made a #
interviewer:  #2 said #
703:  good speech
interviewer:  yeah but if you're asking about all the things that he said you might say you might say to me
703:  what did he talk about #1 or #
interviewer:  #2 yeah # you might say what did he talk about or would you say what all did he say? would you say something like that
703:  {D: huh-uh}
interviewer:  uh we I asked you about some of the kinds of bread that were made from flour that maybe you've had as a child or a different type kinds of bread can you name some different kinds of bread that you
703:  well
interviewer:  besides yeast bread I remember you mentioned that last
703:  #1 ma- #
interviewer:  #2 night #
703:  uh biscuits and yeast bread
interviewer:  did you have anything else any um
703:  sometimes grandmother Griffin would make uh {C: name} uh the m- like biscuits out of her yeast and they called 'em what did they call 'em {D: yeaster} muffins no
interviewer:  if it was baked in loaves
703:  #1 well it was loaf bread #
interviewer:  #2 what did you call it # alright uh when it was made to rise with yeast you called it
703:  yeast bread
interviewer:  um any other kind of ba- uh bread that was baked in a pan? what would you call that
703:  well uh corn bread?
interviewer:  yeah that would be one that would be um
703:  #1 baked in a #
interviewer:  #2 made of cornmeal # but I'm talking about any others made of wheat that you might bake in a pan did you ever have anything like that?
703:  nothing unless you made cake
interviewer:  mm-hmm uh
703:  #1 or cookie #
interviewer:  #2 what about # other kinds of cornmeal breads and cakes made out of cornmeal
703:  I've made muffins same thing as cornbread only cooked it in a muffin tin #1 and #
interviewer:  #2 what's a #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  I think there's was rolls that my husband's mother made with the yeast bread #1 kind of a roll #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # what's a corn dodger?
703:  corn dodger I don't know
interviewer:  now there were two kinds of bread #1 after you got older there was #
703:  #2 oh yes there was two kinds of bread made out of #
interviewer:  a homemade bread and then the kind you bought at the store and you call that
703:  I haven't bought any you're talking about meal or m- flour
interviewer:  no I'm talking about bread whenever you you used to make it at home and there was homemade bread and then what'd you call the kind that you went and bought at the store? what do you call it now?
703:  loaf bread like that I make my sandwich out of
interviewer:  did you ever call it town bread or anything like that?
703:  mm-mm
interviewer:  um what about the uh bread that was fried in deep fat with a hole in the center? might have it for breakfast #1 little round #
703:  #2 what is it #
interviewer:  #1 #
703:  #2 #
interviewer:  what do you call those little round things with the hole in the center and
703:  donuts?
interviewer:  yeah are those what you had is that what you call 'em? or crooners? have you ever heard 'em called
703:  #1 crullers #
interviewer:  #2 that #
703:  #1 crullers #
interviewer:  #2 {X} # something like that is that the same thing to you? and what about the batter that you fry three or four at a time even put syrup and butter on 'em
703:  that's some people call hot cakes mama called 'em pancakes
interviewer:  and when you needed flour at the store you went to the store to buy two
703:  two two
interviewer:  two what of flour?
703:  a bag of flour at a #1 time #
interviewer:  #2 no # by the weight you could bought two uh or five or ten
703:  oh well that wasn't back in my early days you can now you can buy five ten to twen- and we used to buy a twenty four pound bag all the time when when we had a family #1 over there #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  but you don't even see that in the stores anymore five and #1 ten pounds #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # the inside part of an egg the yellow
703:  #1 yolk #
interviewer:  #2 part #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # the um the yolk is what color
703:  golden yellow
interviewer:  and if you cook 'em in hot water what do you call it?
703:  boiling
interviewer:  and if you crack 'em and let 'em fall out of the shells in the hot water what are what kind are they?
703:  many times have I done that haven't done it for a way
interviewer:  fat salt pork what do you call that
703:  fat salt pork
interviewer:  yeah
703:  what do you call it we just we just called it uh side meat
interviewer:  when you cut the side of a hog what did you call that?
703:  say that again?
interviewer:  when you cut the side of a hog what did you call it?
703:  part of it was fat and just used strictly for cooking boiling and food and y- it's that time and then maybe the lower part'd be smoked for bacon
interviewer:  okay so you called it a what a an the kind you slice thin to eat with eggs you might call that what
703:  well you could buy uh you could buy the salt pork to eat with it or you could uh fry the bacon to eat with eggs
interviewer:  mm-hmm and the outside of the bacon is called the
703:  skin or rind
interviewer:  the kind of meat that comes in little links on a chain
703:  is that hot dogs?
interviewer:  well it's the li- the one that comes from the hog
703:  oh like I was talking about miss {B} well
interviewer:  the s-
703:  #1 she that #
interviewer:  #2 sa- #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  #1 she #
interviewer:  #2 sausage # isn't it
703:  she she just called it uh stuffing #1 sausage #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  #1 in to these #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  uh after she'd clean these intestines real good and soaked 'em in saltwater for ever so long and then she'd stuff the sausage in there with a machi- little machine and then she'd smoke 'em #1 after they #
interviewer:  #2 the #
703:  dried a while she'd smoke 'em
interviewer:  the man who kills and sells the meat is called was called the
703:  butcher
interviewer:  and if the meat had been kept too long you'd say the meat
703:  #1 spoiled #
interviewer:  #2 has done # what now after you butcher a hog what do you make with the meat from its head
703:  souse
interviewer:  and what do you call a dish prepared by cooking and grinding up hog liver
703:  I don't know I never had any of it
interviewer:  sausage or liver sausage or
703:  #1 never had it #
interviewer:  #2 anything #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # did you ever make anything out of a hog's blood
703:  no
interviewer:  did somebody else do it?
703:  no
interviewer:  um did you ever take the juice of the head cheese or the liver sausage and stir it up with cornmeal maybe some hog meat and cook it and then later after it gets cold slice it and fry it?
703:  no ma'am
interviewer:  um suppose you kept butter too long and it didn't taste good what do you call it?
703:  rancid
interviewer:  the thick sour milk that you keep on hand is called
703:  buttermilk or clabber {X}
interviewer:  the kind of cheese that you make from it from clabbered milk
703:  I've been usually keep that all the time now I can't call it I don't have it right now can't think what is it
interviewer:  did you call it cottage cheese?
703:  cottage cheese
interviewer:  um after you've milked the first thing you did after milking
703:  strain that milk
interviewer:  and
703:  to get any thing that might have be in it out sometimes you'd strain it two or three times through or two through two or three portions of uh cloth thicknesses of cloth
interviewer:  what did you bake in a deep dish made of apples with a crust on the top?
703:  deep dish apple pie
interviewer:  uh if somebody had a good appetite and you'd say he sure likes to put away his like that he good appetite you'd say he sure likes to put away his
703:  food
interviewer:  what do you call the sweet liquid that you pour over pudding
703:  sauce
interviewer:  food taken between meals you might call it what
703:  snack
interviewer:  what do people drink for breakfast most people
703:  coffee #1 tea #
interviewer:  #2 how do you #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # how do you make it
703:  you can brew it in a pot or use it to percolate it or just brew it in a plain old coffeepot now we have instant coffee and I still have uh percolator and I've got a new one and yet you drink instant coffee for dinner
interviewer:  I sure did if uh food's been cooked and served a second time you'd say it's been
703:  leftovers
interviewer:  the dish made out of boiled Indian meal and some kind of liquid or a kind of pudding made of cornmeal and water
703:  corn pudding
interviewer:  the um what do you call peas beets and the like you grow 'em in a
703:  grow 'em in a garden
interviewer:  mm-kay but what do you call peas beets and the like what do you call all those things carrots
703:  #1 vegetables #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # um in the south it's a white food that we sometimes have for breakfast and it's made from ground corn and boiled and it's white you serve it with salt pepper and butter and sometimes gravy what do you call that stuff
703:  grits grits
interviewer:  alright and the the uh food the grain that's grown in Arkansas that has to have water in the fields?
703:  what kind of grain
interviewer:  yes
703:  uh
interviewer:  the one that uh we put the water over and uh we boil it and we serve it maybe along with some a little bit of butter on it and
703:  boil boiled corn
interviewer:  no the grain the um uh it's a staple food of the Chinese and Japanese the little white grains and they grow it in the
703:  rice
interviewer:  yeah and what are some names for non-tax paid alcoholic beverages
703:  non-taxed
interviewer:  yeah non-taxed back in the long time ago the man used to make it out there on his farm and and he didn't pay taxes on it what'd you call it then
703:  bootlegging
interviewer:  yeah and uh what'd you call the stuff he made
703:  alcohol whiskey I guess
interviewer:  you call it whiskey? did you call it moonshine or
703:  yeah they called it moonshine
interviewer:  moonshine
703:  {D: for it} when they were doing it ille- ille- illegal
interviewer:  yeah that's what I was talking about and uh you crush this cane you boil the juice to make
703:  #1 molasses #
interviewer:  #2 what #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # and what do you call the sweet sticky liquid that you put on your pancakes
703:  syrup
interviewer:  if it isn't imitation maple syrup you'd say it's gen-
703:  genuine #1 maple syrup #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # when sugar isn't prepackaged but weighed out of a barrel you'd say it's sold
703:  by the pound
interviewer:  if it was what about crackers they were sold
703:  by the pound
interviewer:  a long #1 time ago #
703:  #2 long # time ago
interviewer:  #1 uh #
703:  #2 they were #
interviewer:  #1 #
703:  #2 #
interviewer:  they were sold by the pound but uh they didn't come in a package so you said they were sold
703:  they're just sold loose
interviewer:  #1 loose yeah #
703:  #2 when you put 'em in a #
interviewer:  #1 yeah #
703:  #2 bag #
interviewer:  yeah loose uh the sweet spread that you make by boiling sugar and the juice of apples or peaches or strawberries
703:  preserves or jelly
interviewer:  mm-hmm and the two things that you use to season your food with that you usually put on the table
703:  butter
interviewer:  two things that you sprinkle
703:  oh sugar and salt uh salt and pepper
interviewer:  oh the uh inside a cherry you have the seed or what do you call the inside of the cherry?
703:  pit
interviewer:  alright and what did you call the inside of a peach?
703:  pit
interviewer:  the kind of the peaches where the flesh is tight against the stone did you have a name for them
703:  {C: I don't know humming} there was freestone
interviewer:  okay that's the one where it's not
703:  uh-huh and they uh cling peaches
interviewer:  the part of the apple that you threw away
703:  core
interviewer:  when you cut up apples or peaches and you dry them you're making
703:  dried fruit
interviewer:  and the a- whole the kinds of nuts what kinds of nuts do you have
703:  #1 here in this part of the w- #
interviewer:  #2 okay #
703:  #1 Arkansas #
interviewer:  #2 uh-huh #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  pecans and walnuts {C: bumps} it's all I know in this part of the country
interviewer:  what about the kind that uh was flat and oval and you might buy 'em at Christmas time they don't grow around here
703:  some in there
interviewer:  almonds
703:  almonds
interviewer:  um the kind of fruit that would grow in Florida
703:  the grapefruit oranges limes melons
interviewer:  did you ever grow any little tiny red vegetables that were real hot that you pull out of the ground?
703:  pepper
interviewer:  yeah but the little uh hot red ones the red ones they're they
703:  cayenne pepper
interviewer:  sometimes they're not no not peppers but uh sometimes these little uh vegetables they look kinda like a a sp- they're red and white they look like a little they're real small and you put 'em in the a dish
703:  #1 radish #
interviewer:  #2 maybe to #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # yeah and then the did you ever grow the the red vegetable that grew on a vine yeah you slice it and have it in a sandwich
703:  red?
interviewer:  put it in yeah you put it in your salad lettuce and
703:  tomato
interviewer:  now what did you call the little bitty ones
703:  well #1 people used #
interviewer:  #2 what'd you #
703:  to call 'em tomatoes {C: Tom a toes} the- but they're just small tomatoes they're just a variety of a tomato
interviewer:  what do you call the strong thing that makes tears in your eyes a strong vegetable
703:  onions
interviewer:  and the vegetable that we picked and it was long and thin and you
703:  #1 cucumbers #
interviewer:  #2 make a gumbo # out of it
703:  #1 make a #
interviewer:  #2 gumbo #
703:  oh okra
interviewer:  and if you leave an apple or a plum around it'll dry up and you say the skin of that dried apple was all
703:  withered
interviewer:  and the large heaping le- uh heads of a vegetable instead of being a lettuce would be a something similar to a lettuce would be the heads of
703:  cabbage?
interviewer:  Mm-hmm and the the bean that you was telling me about names that you said you were going
703:  #1 bunch bean #
interviewer:  #2 to tell me # okay that was the early one did you
703:  #1 that #
interviewer:  #2 say #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  that came first and then the Kentucky wonder came later
interviewer:  if you were going to put two bunches of lettuce you'd say you ha- you have got two
703:  heads of lettuce
interviewer:  now if you're joking about boys and girls you might say you have two boys and three girls and you have would you ever say heads of children? would you ever use it that way? you never used it that way did you ever have any other name for a group of children several
703:  some people call children kids but we didn't
interviewer:  would you ever call 'em a passel?
703:  no
interviewer:  uh #1 the outside of an ear of corn #
703:  #2 we used to call 'em children # if they were our children or our grandchildren
interviewer:  the outside of an ear of corn was
703:  shucks
interviewer:  and then the kind that you ate on the cob
703:  that was boiled corn
interviewer:  and the top of the corn stalk
703:  had silks
interviewer:  alright
703:  uh no tassels #1 at the top #
interviewer:  #2 tassels #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  and each ear had silk silks
interviewer:  the large round fruit that you make a jack-o-lantern out of
703:  pumpkin
interviewer:  and something similar but the it's has yellow meat on the inside and uh it's good maybe to have for breakfast you might have had it in a a type of melon what kind was it
703:  oh cantaloupe
interviewer:  and
703:  or marsh melon
interviewer:  did you ever see this little tiny plant that came up in the spring in the woods underneath the leaves and we don't eat them
703:  uh mushrooms?
interviewer:  yeah now the kind that you don't eat you had one name for maybe and the kind that you do eat
703:  #1 {X} #
interviewer:  #2 you had a name for it #
703:  called 'em something toads didn't we {C: bump}
interviewer:  toads-
703:  #1 toadstools #
interviewer:  #2 tools #
703:  and you better not eat if you don't know what you're doing you'll die from poison and I never ate one in my life except these bought ones
interviewer:  uh the large green things that are similar to a cantaloupe were
703:  watermelon
interviewer:  what kinds and what did you eat and what kinds of meat and what kinds of seeds did they have in terms of the different kinds of
703:  well they had reddish pink meat some of 'em have white seeds and some dark seeds is that what #1 you mean #
interviewer:  #2 yeah # and did you have any special kind that you grew?
703:  well my father grew what they called a rattlesnake it had on the rind outside it kinda had lines and curved in a little called rattle #1 snake melon #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  and then he blu- uh grew a great big round green melon I don't know what that wa- what they called it but it was just a #1 great big round green melon #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  and they're the most expensive kind they didn't have these like they have it these stores here in town now in the summer time my father never raised any of those they {D: with say sin rights}
interviewer:  if a man has a sore throat and it's so sore the inside of his throat was all swollen you'd say he couldn't eat that piece of meat because he couldn't
703:  swallow it
interviewer:  what do people smoke? two different things they smoke
703:  tobacco
interviewer:  the little ones
703:  cigarettes
interviewer:  mm-hmm and the bigger fat ones
703:  cigars
interviewer:  and somebody offers to do you a favor you s- you say I appreciate it but I don't wanna be
703:  beholden to you?
interviewer:  what kind of animals come and raid hen roosts?
703:  minks will
interviewer:  did you have a name for all of 'em what'd you call 'em?
703:  rodents
interviewer:  um how many different kinds of squirrels do we have in this country?
703:  two #1 gray #
interviewer:  #2 more than two #
703:  gray and fox
interviewer:  okay the owl that ho- the uh bird that hoots at night
703:  owl
interviewer:  did you call it just an owl or did you call it a hoot owl
703:  there's hoot owl and there's uh about three varieties of owls in this country one's a hoot owl and one's ano- a screech owl #1 and #
interviewer:  #2 okay #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # the um small kind of squirrel but it doesn't climb trees and leaves
703:  #1 that looks #
interviewer:  #2 this #
703:  kinda uh #1 like they have out west #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  what did they call #1 that #
interviewer:  #2 chip- # -munk I think is what you said this morning so what do you call the little turtle that lives only on dry land what did you call it the one that maybe you had as a pet or your children had as a pet
703:  Donna had one {C: name} I never did I played with it oh
interviewer:  do you call it a terrapin?
703:  terrapin they said they're really what you said first though
interviewer:  a turtle?
703:  turtle say that there no such thing as terrapin they're a turtle form of a turtle
interviewer:  the
703:  but we called 'em terrapins {C: bump}
interviewer:  from the sea you get small animal in a shell that has pearls growing in it
703:  #1 that's oysters #
interviewer:  #2 {X} # alright and uh the animal that makes the noise at the pond at night the croaking noise
703:  frog
interviewer:  and then the little tiny ones you hear in the spring what do you call those?
703:  water fro- water wa- water frogs or water I only know to say water frogs they're water something though
interviewer:  did you have any other names for 'em?
703:  just what I said they're
interviewer:  okay
703:  uh there's something else you do besides frogs oh t- tadpoles wasn't it? weren't they?
interviewer:  and the little brown one that lives in the garden that has warts on it
703:  well that's just a a regular little garden frog {D: ye} it lives on #1 insects #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # and down at the ground you find things to go fishing with like
703:  worms
interviewer:  did you have a special name for any of 'em?
703:  no
interviewer:  what about the little uh in freshwater streams the little thing with claws? can swim backwards what do you call those you f- you fish with those too would you call 'em cr- craw-
703:  crawdads #1 crawfish #
interviewer:  #2 and then #
703:  we called 'em some people'd call 'em a crawdad
interviewer:  okay both names and the fan tail sea animals that sometimes you have maybe with a dip or sometimes you can fry 'em and
703:  #1 that's fish but #
interviewer:  #2 they're a little #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # yeah it's a type of fish and they
703:  #1 is it #
interviewer:  #2 drag a # net and uh you can buy a few pounds of 'em and they're transparent you can almost see 'em and they're kind of a pinkish color thin and transparent and very small they have a little you usually eat the curved part of it and it's kind of a pink color
703:  {D: I don't know}
interviewer:  the insect that flies around a light and tries to fly into it at night when you grab it the little powder comes off on your hands it flies little wings with powder comes off what about the one in the daytime that flies around lands on flowers the little insect that has the pretty wings you know a butterfly does that
703:  oh yes
interviewer:  okay what do you call the ones at night?
703:  well they make l- little lights out
interviewer:  no not that what I'm talking about the one with wings that flies at night it's not a butter butterflies in the day time and
703:  does you're not talking about that where you used to see so many lights they'd make them little lights
interviewer:  no well what are the ones that c- what are the ones that make the lights?
703:  oh we used to just have the biggest time catching them and I can't call the name of 'em do you?
interviewer:  they fight well I I call 'em a lightning bug
703:  #1 yeah that's what I w- #
interviewer:  #2 but some people #
703:  #1 call it #
interviewer:  #2 call 'em a # firefly
703:  #1 yes #
interviewer:  #2 which #
703:  #1 firefly or th- #
interviewer:  #2 did you call it #
703:  we called 'em lightning bugs
interviewer:  yeah um there's a little thin-bodied insect that would go over the water and has real shiny wings and it would fly real fast over the water
703:  that would that be a bird?
interviewer:  no this was a little insect
703:  oh a little #1 insect #
interviewer:  #2 yeah # and it hovers around damp places and it and it eats mosquitoes
703:  oh
interviewer:  it has a hard brittle little beak and two pairs of shiny wings two pairs of wings on each side two little thin sets of wings shiny they fly over the water real fast
703:  {D: I don't know}
interviewer:  um the stinging kinds of insects what kind of insects do we have that sting around here
703:  wasps and bees
interviewer:  the one that makes a big nest in a tree
703:  #1 hornets #
interviewer:  #2 great big # yeah um
703:  I haven't seen a hornet's nest though in a many a year
interviewer:  what about the ones that build the nests on the ground and swarm over you
703:  what are they called it'd be uh bores a hole in the ground and makes it just like a wasps nest in the #1 ground #
interviewer:  #2 we'd call 'em # yellow jackets
703:  yellow jackets uh-huh
interviewer:  the kind that a different insect that bites you at night and would carry malaria
703:  skeet mosquito
interviewer:  the little tiny insect that left red welts on your body
703:  ants
interviewer:  no the little tiny ones that crawl all over you you'd be covered with 'em and you #1 wouldn't know #
703:  #2 ticks #
interviewer:  #1 #
703:  #2 #
interviewer:  ticks and what else the uh little red ones and if you
703:  #1 chiggers #
interviewer:  #2 didn't # mm-hmm uh the insect that hops through the grass it'd be
703:  #1 grasshoppers #
interviewer:  #2 green #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # a small fish used for bait
703:  there's another question I know it but I can't answer it
interviewer:  um what do you call the thing that you find stretched across the corners of a room that a spider makes
703:  web now I gotta go and get ready honey
interviewer:  okay let's stop #1 there then #
703:  #2 see it's fif- # teen till two and I've just got forty-five minutes
interviewer:  that you had to finish
703:  I got I got something #1 written #
interviewer:  #2 um #
703:  down in that purse so I
interviewer:  the name of the
703:  {D: top water}
interviewer:  fish that was used for bait
703:  topwaters
interviewer:  uh part of the tree that's underneath the ground is called the
703:  roots
interviewer:  tell me some of the trees that are found in this community
703:  oak gum hickory pine elm
interviewer:  what about any uh use tough wood used for chopping blocks what kind is that?
703:  #1 for chopping blocks #
interviewer:  #2 the uh with broad # leaves to it has broad leaves and they shed 'em all at one time and the bark peels off in little knobs or balls
703:  and they used
interviewer:  yeah these long white limbs and white scaly bark
703:  white is that uh now there there I go again can't remember
interviewer:  okay what about the uh one where you get uh where you get your sugar uh
703:  sugar maple
interviewer:  uh-huh
703:  but we don't have those here
interviewer:  uh-huh we have some kind of maple though don't we
703:  yes we have the red maple
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  #1 just #
interviewer:  #2 and um #
703:  just ornamental trees Mary Dean had one in her yard and I reckon it's still living
interviewer:  we have those at the that we eat the little fruit off of that George Washington cut down
703:  now that's cherry #1 trees #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  but w- we don't have many of 'em in Arkansas my husband said that they had one in their ho- yard when he was a boy and grandmother Griffin said yes him and the birds got all the cherries
interviewer:  well what are some of the poisonous plants that we have in our area
703:  poison ivy and poison oak the only two I know
interviewer:  what about that shrub that has the the leaves that are red in the fall it's poison to some people the bush
703:  well that's uh there's poison ivy and po- I said poison ivy is a vine and then poison oak #1 is a #
interviewer:  #2 okay #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  #1 tree #
interviewer:  #2 okay # okay now name some of the berries that we grow wild in this area
703:  grow wild
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  blackberries and huckleberries is all I know that #1 grows wild #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # now what are some of the berries that you grew in your garden as a child
703:  well
interviewer:  or as an adult
703:  we had strawberries here but they wouldn't live out on that high hill up where my #1 uh I was raised #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  papa tried it and they wouldn't live there but we had a nice strawberry patch here and uh
interviewer:  do you have any of those little uh red or black ones the ones with the rough surface
703:  blackberries?
interviewer:  raspberries did you have any of
703:  #1 raspberries #
interviewer:  #2 those #
703:  no we never did have we had uh one kind of berry that made good jelly had a big patch of it right out there let me see but I can't call it name them when I don't want when I want to I can't now I can't
interviewer:  um
703:  one raspberry
interviewer:  some of the berries that grow in the woods are not good to eat if they could kill you you'd say that they are what
703:  poison poisonous
interviewer:  um do you know the uh tall bush that has the pink and white flowers on it that bloom in the late spring
703:  pink and white
interviewer:  yeah some of 'em have pink and some of 'em have white flowers clusters
703:  in clusters
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  dogwood?
interviewer:  mm-hmm what about some more do you know of anymore that grow in the mountains?
703:  no I don't cause I
interviewer:  tape eight listen to after tape seven Joan {B} informant you were going to tell me about uh the uh berry that grew out in the pasture I think you said
703:  you want me all three of 'em?
interviewer:  all of 'em yeah
703:  uh blackberry and huckleberry and elderberry that's all I know o- can remember that grow wild
interviewer:  mm-hmm and where did you say they grew?
703:  the elderberry just grows all over out there in that here
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  back behind
interviewer:  now the uh large flowering tree with shiny leaves and big white flowers has a big seed pod that's the size and shape of a cucumber you know those great big trees with the shiny leaves to 'em they are we don't have any of those around here
703:  have a pod the size of a cucumber?
interviewer:  yeah about the a real it's the shape of a cucumber a large large flowers large tree with shiny leaves alright if uh what were some other names that you called your father
703:  always called him papa till he got older and and all I called him father #1 a lot #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # what about your uh mother did you have any names that
703:  #1 she was mama #
interviewer:  #2 were affectionate for some #
703:  #1 and then mother just like him #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # uh how about for your grandparents for either one of 'em did you have any names that you'd call 'em
703:  I just called 'em grandpa and grandma
interviewer:  what about pet names for children did you have any special little names for
703:  I uh no we just called 'em their real names #1 we never did #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  uh my husband did not like uh you know to cha- uh like uh well when he was young they called him Prosperity there when he'd go in the Kingsland schools and everybody had a uh what do you call them names like that when you change it
interviewer:  nicknames?
703:  nickname and he did not like nicknames so he tried to name all of our children we want he didn't want 'em something that could be nicknamed and it I think we got some ugly names I don't think Clarence ever liked hers {C: name} I wanted to name her so- Cl- I wanted to name her Clarice and he wouldn't let me {C: name?} and I I wanted to name him uh name her as close to him cause we'd uh hoped to have a boy and I was gonna call him C-G junior
interviewer:  Mm-hmm.
703:  and or we were he- he agreed to that then when she was a girl and I wanted to say Clarice and he w- he no but he liked Clair cause he'd dated this little girl that I was talking to about at magnolia and her name was {B} Clair
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  and I after that I told him I said that's why you wanted to name our first baby Clair and he didn't like it he said he just liked the name it's a short name couldn't be m- changed much you know
interviewer:  mm-hmm did you have anything that you put the baby in with wheels on it and then lie down you take it out of it
703:  well I had a had a baby pen for the last two children
interviewer:  did you have anything that you
703:  #1 and then had baby #
interviewer:  #2 take it outside and you #
703:  bed and and then had a a stroller
interviewer:  did you have anything that uh where it could lie down and that type of thing
703:  it could lie down in the baby beds
interviewer:  yeah but I meant outside where you could roll #1 it #
703:  #2 oh #
interviewer:  #1 #
703:  #2 # #1 no I didn't have anything just #
interviewer:  #2 you could roll it down down the street and any # thing like that
703:  #1 I just #
interviewer:  #2 um #
703:  had uh we just had that stroller and to push it in #1 push the baby in #
interviewer:  #2 did you have a buggy # or anything baby buggy or anything
703:  well it that's that's what it was instead of a stroller a baby buggy
interviewer:  um put the baby in the carriage you go out and what would you say
703:  you mean put the baby in #1 the #
interviewer:  #2 in the # carriage and
703:  #1 in the baby carriage #
interviewer:  #2 go out # and what would you be doing
703:  I'd be rolling it
interviewer:  okay and uh
703:  or pushing it
interviewer:  mm-hmm did you ever say you wheel the baby? I'm going to wheel the baby if a woman was gonna have a child you say she's
703:  pregnant
interviewer:  do you have any other words that you used to use any other terms
703:  mm-mm not that I remember
interviewer:  uh-huh if you didn't have a doctor deliver a baby what would be the woman that might that you might send for
703:  now what did they call {D: cause I never had one but grandma Grifford did {C: name}} my mother never had one she always had doctors uh
interviewer:  well let's go on
703:  there were women that knew how to do these #1 things now #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  what d- what did they call 'em
interviewer:  well maybe you'll think of it later a boy and his father have the same appearance you might say the boy what say they had the same color hair and eyes as his father and the same shaped nose you'd say he
703:  favors his father
interviewer:  mm-hmm um mothers looked after three children till they're grown up you say she has
703:  she has raised her children
interviewer:  uh to a naughty child you might say you're going to get a
703:  spanking
interviewer:  did you have any other terms for a spanking?
703:  or whipping
interviewer:  Mm-hmm. a child that's born to an unmarried woman you call it
703:  call used to call 'em bastards
interviewer:  did you have any other names for it?
703:  there's another name now what is it child out of marriage do you remember?
interviewer:  just an illegitimate
703:  #1 illegitimate uh-huh #
interviewer:  #2 child mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  but they used to didn't say illegitimate when I was growing up when I was young they said it oh that child's a that's a bastard
interviewer:  um
703:  I think the illegitimate sounds #1 nicer myself #
interviewer:  #2 if you said that # Jane is a loving child but Peggy is a lot what
703:  Peggy is a
interviewer:  using the word loving in the in a different way Jane is a loving child but Peggy is a lot
703:  #1 lot more #
interviewer:  #2 what'd you say #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  friendly or loving
interviewer:  more loving was that what you'd say?
703:  well you could if one was you know more
interviewer:  the person that might be appointed to look after an orphan would be its
703:  sometimes it's the grandparents
interviewer:  mm-hmm but if it wasn't its ga-
703:  #1 or or if #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  #1 one parent #
interviewer:  #2 legal what #
703:  one parent still living why they might #1 take it #
interviewer:  #2 well if # if it was an orphan though it wouldn't have any parents living so it
703:  #1 that's right if it's an orphan it #
interviewer:  #2 sit it'd be its legal what #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  if it's orphan it'd be it'd mean both parents was dead #1 and gone #
interviewer:  #2 right #
703:  wouldn't it and what was that last question
interviewer:  I said uh the person appointed would be its legal what
703:  I don't know what I didn't quite #1 understand the question #
interviewer:  #2 would you say # guardian or
703:  yes uh it'd have to have a guardian appointed but usually the grandparents took 'em and raised 'em back in my time
interviewer:  if a woman gives a party and she invites all the people that are related to her you say she asked all
703:  relatives
interviewer:  if she has the same family name doesn't look a bit like me but I'm actually what say I have I'm the s- I have the same family name as Clara and maybe I look a little bit like her but I'm actually
703:  not any blood kin cause you're married #1 to her son #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # a person who comes into town that no one's seen before he's a
703:  stranger
interviewer:  the sister in the bible at whose house Jesus stayed
703:  at Lazarus' house
interviewer:  yes
703:  #1 Martha #
interviewer:  #2 uh #
703:  and Mary #1 you know were his sisters #
interviewer:  #2 right mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # a nickname for Helen beginning with an N
703:  for Helen
interviewer:  mm-hmm we'll skip that one a nickname for a boy named William
703:  Bill
interviewer:  or with a Y on it it'd be
703:  Billy that's one that come by this afternoon
interviewer:  uh
703:  my great #1 grandson #
interviewer:  #2 {D: Sarah's} # other child besides Michael is
703:  Matthew {X}
interviewer:  did you have any other names for the woman who conducted school other than teacher you said teacher last night but do you have any other names for it
703:  the one that uh
interviewer:  that conducted the school other than to call her a teacher what else would you call it anything else you can remember
703:  #1 just the teacher #
interviewer:  #2 from old-fashioned times #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  they'd say it just {B} and missus our teacher or {B} or mister was that my teach- first teacher that I ever went to and that's all we said just to call 'em a t- but we you you better call 'em mister and m- or miss or ms or you'd get something in {C: interviewer laugh} those days
interviewer:  what about the preacher that wasn't really trained he didn't have a regular pulpit he preached on h- on Sunday here and there and he made his living doing something else if he isn't very good at preaching you'd call him a what did you ever have a name for a person like that?
703:  no as I said we just had preachers sometime come #1 once a month #
interviewer:  #2 what if #
703:  when the roads was bad #1 and they #
interviewer:  #2 what if # he wasn't very good though
703:  well I can't remember what if we ever had a one that wasn't good
interviewer:  well what about uh a lawyer that wasn't very good what would you did you have a name for it or a a teacher or a governor or a doctor or something what would you say
703:  I'd say they were ignorant or something
interviewer:  maybe did you ever hear of a jackleg preacher
703:  I've heard of jackleg someb- could call somebody jackleg but I don't know what it is preacher is that what they call it a #1 jackleg preacher #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # um Clair's husband's name is
703:  John {B}
interviewer:  um the commander of the army for the south in the army of north Virginia during the civil war was
703:  general Lee
interviewer:  and the man who introduced Kentucky fried chicken
703:  {D: pictures} out there what is it colonel
interviewer:  uh a man in charge of a ship you call him the
703:  charge of the ship he's captain isn't he
interviewer:  mm-hmm the man who presides over a county court would be a man in the black robe in court
703:  judge
interviewer:  a person who keeps the correspondence in the books for the boss maybe a woman in an office she would be the
703:  secretary
interviewer:  the woman who appears in plays or movies is an
703:  actress
interviewer:  anyone born in the United States of America is called an
703:  an American
interviewer:  uh we talked last night and you said that um for negroes you call them that and you called 'em um blacks and what else were
703:  #1 {D: they got} #
interviewer:  #2 some of the #
703:  #1 they'd rather be called #
interviewer:  #2 terms that you'd call 'em #
703:  blacks now #1 we always ca- #
interviewer:  #2 what did you s- what # were some derogatory terms that you used to call 'em
703:  I never knew anything other than just negroes or nigger it cuts a lot of people'd ca- cut it short and say nigger they're a nigger uh but uh I would say negro and uh now they like ha- I understand that they prefer to be called blacks
interviewer:  um the poor whites do you have a name that you'd call a poor white
703:  no
interviewer:  no names no uh #1 derogatory #
703:  #2 can't think #
interviewer:  terms or anything
703:  I can't think of any
interviewer:  um what would you call the man you worked for the hired hands might call might have called your father this their
703:  their boss
interviewer:  okay and if it had been uh would the blacks had called him something different other than a boss the white people
703:  I don't know can't think I'm
interviewer:  um
703:  you know they could have to his back I guess
interviewer:  well white people who aren't well off and haven't got a chance at education alike especially those that are good for nothing and too lazy to work what would you call them
703:  loafers lazy
interviewer:  what else
703:  good for nothings
interviewer:  what else
703:  well that's all I can think of that's enough to call 'em
interviewer:  white trash or
703:  yes I I've heard 'em called white trash but I just call 'em loafers lazy good for nothing some of these that's on this government handouts like those stamps you know and riding around in great big fine cars
interviewer:  if they're black does it make any difference do you call 'em something else?
703:  no I just s- call 'em same thing
interviewer:  uh does it make any difference if they're town or country people um someone who lives in the country and he doesn't know anything about town ways and he's conspicuous when he gets to town of himself he might say I don't know anything about city ways I'm just an old
703:  country boy
interviewer:  any other terms that you can think of if
703:  Mike called himself ignorant I don't know {C: name}
interviewer:  at a party if you look at your watch and you see it's eleven thirty or so you say we'd better be getting home it's
703:  getting late
interviewer:  it's blank midnight it's it's what midnight it's
703:  it's just thirty minutes till midnight
interviewer:  alright what's
703:  #1 half past eleven #
interviewer:  #2 another way you'd say it # what's another way to say it well let's say it's uh five minutes till twelve you might say it's uh
703:  uh well we'd say five minutes till twelve #1 or midni- #
interviewer:  #2 no if # you do weren't saying I mean if you didn't know you you looked and it was getting close what would you say you say it's uh
703:  quarter till
interviewer:  yeah well what else could you say it's uh would you say almost or nearly or
703:  yes if it was
interviewer:  #1 nigh or #
703:  #2 in # between the time at ten or eleven or something where you could say well it's almost midnight or
interviewer:  if you want someone to wait when you say you'll be ready soon you might say I'll be with you in
703:  just a few minutes
interviewer:  um you know that you're on the right road but you aren't sure the distance you ask somebody how you know you're on the right road if you were going to Little Rock but you didn't know the distance you might stop and ask how
703:  ho- uh get the directions and just how to get to where I #1 wanted to go #
interviewer:  #2 no but # you know the direction but you don't know the distance so you'd say how
703:  how far it is or how many miles from here to #1 Little Rock #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # um if this part of your body gets very hot this part would be
703:  {D: if fire itch called it it's fired} it's spelled F-O-R-W-A-R-D #1 isn't it #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # um you agree with a friend when he says I'm not going to do that or I'm not going to vote for that guy and you say
703:  #1 well do you have #
interviewer:  #2 if you agree with # him you'd say
703:  I won't either or or what do you have against him uh-huh
interviewer:  no you say
703:  #1 if I'm a rep- #
interviewer:  #2 I won't be #
703:  #1 if he's a Democrat #
interviewer:  #2 either or #
703:  and I'm a Republican I would say what do you have against him and if our if I'm with the same he if I'm a Democrat and he's a Democrat I'd {C: interviewer coughing} I might say what you ha- what do you have against him or why are you why are you voting for him
interviewer:  did your husband ever have um hair on his face that he left on his face
703:  not never always shaved when
interviewer:  what do you call this
703:  it's called {D: she rock} my daddy had a little up there as a mustache isn't it?
interviewer:  and this here
703:  beard isn't it
interviewer:  mm-hmm and uh if you saw a child chewing gum and you didn't want him to you'd say take that chewing gum out of your
703:  mouth
interviewer:  if you were chewing on chicken bones you might get one stuck in your
703:  throat
interviewer:  when you go to the dentist you have to have him look at your
703:  have to what
interviewer:  you go to the dentist you have to have him look at your
703:  oh it'd have to have a look at your teeth
interviewer:  and the flesh around the teeth are called the
703:  gums
interviewer:  this part of your hand
703:  palm
interviewer:  this
703:  fist
interviewer:  when people get old and complain they're getting stiff in their
703:  joints
interviewer:  and this part
703:  #1 heart #
interviewer:  #2 on a man #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  heart
interviewer:  a man this part he's got a broad
703:  chest
interviewer:  um they measure the height of a horse in what
703:  span
interviewer:  the pain ran from his heel all the way up to his
703:  head
interviewer:  and at the end of your leg it's your
703:  kn- your foot
interviewer:  the when the ground's too cold or too muddy to sit on you might get down down like this when you're inspecting like the leaves of tobacco plant or passing the time with a friend and you're down on your
703:  knees
interviewer:  no you're down like this you're down on your
703:  well you're just hunkering kinda hunkering down
interviewer:  uh someone's been sick a while and he's up and about now but he still looks a little bit
703:  pale
interviewer:  anything else you'd call it besides pale he still he still looks other than pale he still looks what he's been real sick you might say he still looks
703:  weak
interviewer:  you ever say sickly or poor
703:  I could
interviewer:  person who can lift heavy weights and you would say he's very
703:  strong person
interviewer:  a person that's easy to get along with you would say his dis- #1 position is #
703:  #2 has a good dis- # position
interviewer:  alright what else about his disposition he's what he always has a smile on his face and he never loses his temper you might say he's mighty
703:  easy to get along with #1 has a good #
interviewer:  #2 any #
703:  disposition
interviewer:  any other things? if a boy's growing up and it seems like his arms and legs get in the way of everything and he knocks over furniture you'd say he's awfully
703:  awkward
interviewer:  anything else
703:  that's all I can #1 think of #
interviewer:  #2 okay #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # um a person who does a lot of things that don't make any sense you'd say he's a plain
703:  idiot
interviewer:  another word? any other words?
703:  bumbler stumbler
interviewer:  if he says things or does things that don't make sense you might say he's making a out of himself he's making a
703:  jackass is that what you wanted me to say
interviewer:  something like that yeah you could say that
703:  that's awful though to put on tape
interviewer:  well a fool #1 of himself #
703:  #2 uh an idiot #
interviewer:  #1 #
703:  #2 # um a fool out of #1 himself #
interviewer:  #2 yeah #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  would be better
interviewer:  um a person who will never spend a cent you call him
703:  tightwad
interviewer:  when you say the word common about a person what does it mean? you'd say that girl is very common what would you mean
703:  well it means it's to me she would uh not be dressed up nice maybe wouldn't have her hair fixed good nicely or uh and maybe wouldn't be pretty in the face
interviewer:  if an old man is still very strong and active and he doesn't show his age you might say he's still quite
703:  quite active
interviewer:  mm-hmm and anything else?
703:  fi- well #1 you mean for his age #
interviewer:  #2 anything else? # yeah you might say I don't care how old he is he's mighty
703:  not mighty active or strong for his age that
interviewer:  if you get to worrying about your children let's say they were out on a date you'd say I can't help feeling a little
703:  uneasy and I've had that lots of times
interviewer:  um
703:  listening for the doorbell to ring for the open the door and come in
interviewer:  if you didn't want to go upstairs in the dark you'd say I'm
703:  afraid in the dark
interviewer:  she isn't afraid now but she
703:  used to be
interviewer:  um what was a thing that you used to that people used to tell stories about to scare you what were some of the things
703:  haunt- haunt- they called 'em haunts haun- they're something that's something that's haunted or uh
interviewer:  what did that mean it had in it?
703:  well it meant that there's maybe somebody'd come back from the dead or something and was haunting you
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  and uh like my father he scared my little brother from the plum orchard because he was eat- he was making so many trips there a day eating so many of those 'fraid it'd make him sick and he told him there's yahoos down there yahoos he'd call it
interviewer:  #1 mm-hmm #
703:  #2 and #
interviewer:  #1 #
703:  #2 # so uh papa and mama were working in the garden and the plums were just outside the garden in a patch they just grew up thick you know
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  the yellow and the red and there my brother little brother had been in there with 'em but he sneaked around and had kind of uh got opened the gate sneaked around and climbed the fence to go get him some plums and my father knew how to get through the fence there was some pickets loose or something and he got through the fence and beat the l- my little brother down to the thicket hid himself as well as he could and commenced to holler yahoo yahoo my little brother just come flying back and he said there's yahoos down there there's yahoos down there and we said well what did he look like he said well he kinda looked like papa that's the truth I remember when that happened I was there I was there {NW} {C:laughter} well I don't know he said I c- {C: interviewer coughing} I- I he kinda looked like my papa #1 and you know #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  I didn't think there was such a word I- I- I wondered where my daddy got that I thought it was just something made up I got the dictionary one day and looked it up and it's pronounced yahoo but it it really is
interviewer:  kind of spook or #1 something #
703:  #2 uh-huh #
interviewer:  #1 #
703:  #2 #
interviewer:  hmm somebody who leaves a lot of money around on the table and the door unlocked you might say he's mighty
703:  careless
interviewer:  and if there's nothing wrong with a person but sometimes she might act kind of
703:  silly
interviewer:  but if she acts a little different from other people you might say she acts kind of {C: breaking up} and he doesn't want to change you say don't be so
703:  stubborn
interviewer:  don't be so in your ways don't be so
703:  set in your ways
interviewer:  somebody that loses their temper easily and you can't joke with them you say they're mighty
703:  they're a
interviewer:  or they're
703:  very high-tempered
interviewer:  or
703:  stubborn
interviewer:  anything else? they get mad very quickly you say
703:  #1 lose their tem- #
interviewer:  #2 he's awfully #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  lose their temper
interviewer:  and he's awfully
703:  I can't think of what you want there
interviewer:  um if I was just kidding him I didn't know he'd get
703:  mad #1 or angry #
interviewer:  #2 if somebody #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # 's about to lose his temper you tell him just
703:  just uh
interviewer:  just keep maybe you'd tell this to a person that was in a burning building as they started running out you'd say keep
703:  don't run?
interviewer:  you've been working very hard you'd say you were very
703:  tired
interviewer:  any other words for it?
703:  give out
interviewer:  if you use wear out you say he is all
703:  worn out
interviewer:  and then you'd say I'm completely
703:  worn out
interviewer:  if a person has been quite well and then you hear suddenly that they have some disease you'd say last night she
703:  was alright
interviewer:  no they got the were well and then suddenly they got some
703:  #1 got ill #
interviewer:  #2 disease you say last # night she
703:  was well and uh and then she had a heart attack or #1 got sick #
interviewer:  #2 she #
703:  suddenly got sick
interviewer:  okay but she'll be up again by if they're sick now you'd say he'll be well again
703:  in a few days
interviewer:  by would you ever say by and by?
703:  I could say that #1 cause #
interviewer:  #2 if you're # sneezing and coughing #1 you'd been out in the rain #
703:  #2 cause you couldn't exactly # say said uh a day we wouldn't know
interviewer:  if you're sneezing and coughing you'd been out in the rain and you'd come in and say
703:  oh I'm taking a cold
interviewer:  and if you can't talk with your voice you'd say I'm
703:  hoarse that's me I have laryngitis
interviewer:  and along with that cold you might have a little
703:  cough
interviewer:  take a pill makes you feel like you wanna go to bed you'd say I'm feeling a little
703:  drowsy
interviewer:  maybe the next one at six o'clock I'll like you were going to bed and next morning six o'clock I'll
703:  wake up
interviewer:  if uh he began to sweat when he started to work by the time he finished he would say he a lot in the hot sun he
703:  perspired
interviewer:  a lot in the hot sun?
703:  mm-hmm
interviewer:  a sore that comes to a head you call a
703:  boil
interviewer:  if you open up the boil the stuff that comes out of it is the
703:  pus
interviewer:  if you got an infection in your hand and it gets bigger and bigger you might say my hand if it gets bigger and bigger you say my hand
703:  is swollen
interviewer:  and if you get when you get a blister the liquid that forms under the skin is
703:  well it looks like water
interviewer:  if you got shot with a bullet you would call it a people in the war had
703:  wounds
interviewer:  um when a wound doesn't heal clean a white granular substance might form around the edge sometimes it had to be cut out or burned out with alum it's some kind of fle- flesh
703:  proud flesh
interviewer:  when you cut your finger you might put a little red liquid or brown liquid that stings on it which would have been a long time ago it would've
703:  #1 iodine #
interviewer:  #2 been #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # and a tonic for malaria a bitter powder
703:  #1 it's #
interviewer:  #2 it came #
703:  #1 quinine #
interviewer:  #2 in # came in capsules
703:  it's quinine
interviewer:  long time ago any other names for died the person a person died any funny names or humorous names for it that you know of
703:  you really D-I-E-D #1 or D-Y- #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm yeah # D-I-E-D
703:  uh well we'd say passed away
interviewer:  mm-hmm any other uh humorous or different other names for it
703:  {D: I don't think there are any other names}
interviewer:  the box that people are buried in is the
703:  well there's a coffin and and then theres a box outside of the coffin
interviewer:  well what's the what's the one outside of the coffin?
703:  well they used to just uh have a wooden box that they'd put the coffin in a long time ago now then they put 'em in a vault or like I had my husband stee- in a steel casket
interviewer:  mm-hmm and the people when they dress in black you say they are in
703:  mourning
interviewer:  somebody meets you on the street and says well how are you today if you're feeling just about average you might say oh I am
703:  I'm alright or I guess I'm alright fee- feeling pretty good
interviewer:  if someone's troubled you might say oh it'll come out alright
703:  just give it time
interviewer:  just don't
703:  don't worry and give it time it'll come out alright
interviewer:  the disease of the joints when you're getting old stiff and you ache
703:  arthritis used to called it rhe- rheumatism though
interviewer:  a sore throat with blisters on the inside of the throat you now can take a shot for it people used to choke to death
703:  #1 oh let's see #
interviewer:  #2 and # {D: bat rural one}
703:  oh what #1 did they call #
interviewer:  #2 give people the Schick # test to see if they needed shots for
703:  what did they call that and it had that sore throat and it'd choke 'em to death diphtheria
interviewer:  mm-hmm person who loses his food what do you say he
703:  vomited
interviewer:  any other terms that you've heard people say crude terms
703:  up {D: Mary's demons} say upchuck when Donna'd vomit I just always said vomit #1 and then I heard #
interviewer:  #2 if a per- #
703:  on televi- uh radio said my he reg- she reg- regu- regur- -gurgitated
interviewer:  if a person vomited he was sick sick
703:  at his stomach
interviewer:  she had hardly got the news when she came right over
703:  to see me
interviewer:  she came right over to if you didn't know she came over to over to
703:  sympathize with me or
interviewer:  you didn't #1 know the news #
703:  #2 or comfort # me or
interviewer:  she hardly got the news when she came right over to if you didn't know she came over to what
703:  came over to just to visit with me
interviewer:  #1 she heard that this #
703:  #2 or comfort me or #
interviewer:  if a friend of yours heard some news on the telephone and then she called you up she'd call you up to she came over or she called you up to
703:  tell me about it
interviewer:  you both are going to be glad to see me you say we be glad to see you
703:  uh-huh
interviewer:  we
703:  will be glad to see you
interviewer:  you might say to a child who's misbehaving you do that again I'm going to
703:  spank you
interviewer:  what were some other words for courting didn't you have some others if a fella was interested in a girl he was besides dating you said some just some others that you
703:  dating courting just something that sometimes they'd say they're going together
interviewer:  anything else what'd you call the fellow that you liked he was your
703:  I I called him my {B} husband to hi- uh mis-
interviewer:  before
703:  before we were married #1 and after #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  we were married to anyone in public and after we were married I called him sweetheart
interviewer:  what would you call
703:  #1 but I #
interviewer:  #2 him #
703:  never did call his name Clarence
interviewer:  since you were going with him or dating him you would say that he was your
703:  sweetheart
interviewer:  and for a a boy he would say about the girl that she was his what would he have said about you back in those days or what would somebody else said you had been dating and then they would say you are my
703:  my my girlfriend?
interviewer:  mm-hmm anything anything else do you know any other things they used to say? any funny ones or different ones or
703:  can't think
interviewer:  a boy came home with lipstick on his collar you might look at him and say you've been
703:  you've been kissing
interviewer:  any other words for kissing?
703:  necking
interviewer:  any others?
703:  that's all I know
interviewer:  if he asked her to marry him and she doesn't want him what do you say she did to him?
703:  she rejected him turned him down
interviewer:  anything else
703:  plain out told him no maybe
interviewer:  what are some other words for married maybe some different ones other than the they're just
703:  for married
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  after they're married
interviewer:  any humorous ways to say married maybe used like they went ahead and got
703:  got married
interviewer:  any other you don't know of any other terms for it?
703:  tied together?
interviewer:  any other terms that you used to call it? well let's go onto the next one um the man that stood behind beside the groom during the service would be called the
703:  groomsman {D: isn't didn't it}
interviewer:  and the girl that stood beside the bride would be the
703:  bridesmaid or the no
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  bridesmaid
interviewer:  after a wedding the boys in the neighborhood might gather around the couple's home and make all kinds of noise and you call it a
703:  oh what did they used to call that {D: they hadn't owned} what did they call it {C: whispering}
interviewer:  maybe you'll think of it later
703:  ring bells blow #1 horns #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 do all that #
interviewer:  #2 fire # rifles what'd they call it
703:  I can't think of it cause we weren't done that way but I know that some were and there was a name but I cannot think of it
interviewer:  if you saw one of your best friends in Atlanta you would say I saw him blank Atlanta I saw him
703:  in Atlanta?
interviewer:  yeah would you say up or down or would you say I saw him down in Atlanta?
703:  from here it would be down wouldn't it? I saw him do- when down in Atlanta
interviewer:  mm-hmm for a group of people that maybe they arrested one or two of 'em they arrested the blank group they arrested the you might say they arrested the
703:  entire group
interviewer:  what w- what could you call that group? of people other than just a group of people it'd be a group of people that would be doing things that were against the law and maybe the police maybe they'd have a party or the police would have to come and arrest that group of people what would you call that group of people?
703:  {D: were they} burgling or harassing or uh {D: give} {D: posse out after a burglar}
interviewer:  it would be just a whole group they would arrest so you'd say they arrested the
703:  all of 'em
interviewer:  mm-hmm now school you told me that you had some short terms tell me about the day when it started and about the day when it ended
703:  #1 well if #
interviewer:  #2 like a school day #
703:  we had four months
interviewer:  on a school day when it started the end of it when it ended and what all went in between lunch time and everything
703:  just one school day
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  we'd start in the morn- we'd have to be there by eight o'clock in the morning and they'd let us out for uh up to thirty minute recess about ten o'clock and then they'd let us out again at noon for a whole hour to eat our lunch and play and and then uh we'd the bell'd ring and that meant come in and and we'd have classes then again until about two o'clock or two thirty two fifteen something and we'd have a recess and uh then we'd get out again at four o'clock in the afternoon
interviewer:  I'm gonna reset it tape nine Joan Warrener {C: name}
703:  see we had long days they don't think of going to school here now such hours as that they're always out by three fifteen or three thirty
interviewer:  mm-hmm if um if a boy didn't show up for school and he was supposed to be in school and his parents didn't know it you might say he
703:  playing hooky
interviewer:  and you were supposed to go to school to get an
703:  education
interviewer:  and after high school you could later go on to
703:  college
interviewer:  after kindergarten you'd go into the
703:  elementary #1 school #
interviewer:  #2 yeah but # what would be the
703:  #1 first #
interviewer:  #2 that #
703:  grade
interviewer:  and the the uh in the classroom you sat at what
703:  desk
interviewer:  you had a a building that was specially for books you'd call that building a
703:  library
interviewer:  you mail a package in a name the building you mail the packages in
703:  at the post office
interviewer:  mm-hmm you stay overnight in a strange town at a
703:  hotel or motel nowadays cause hotel's were when I was young
interviewer:  when you went to see a play you saw it at the
703:  usually saw it at the school house
interviewer:  well where did you see it later?
703:  well then they
interviewer:  after you were married
703:  well you wouldn't call going to a a movie a play
interviewer:  no but where would you go to see uh a play or a movie?
703:  well at a movie you'd go to a a regular place for it like in Pine Bluff here what is it called the Saenger Theatre
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  and uh but plays we had in school we'd just have plays a- at the end of nearly every term of school {D: with as short as there were} why we'd put on they'd have a program put on and we'd recite the things and then they'd have little short plays and
interviewer:  the building where you might have to go and have an operation would be a
703:  hospital
interviewer:  the woman that would take care of you in there
703:  would be a nurse
interviewer:  a place where you would catch a train would be a
703:  depot
interviewer:  an open place in the city where the green grass and trees go grow is called
703:  #1 park #
interviewer:  #2 the #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # two streets cross and a man starts out from one corner and he walks to the opposite corner and you say
703:  he's angling #1 across #
interviewer:  #2 he #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  #1 across the street #
interviewer:  #2 okay #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # any other thing you could say he's what's another way of saying that if you cut across a field instead of following the road you'd say how would you say you walked he walked
703:  well {D: well we} as I told you this morning it wasn't far from where we lived to school and but if we cut across the the field
interviewer:  #1 from this #
703:  #2 right #
interviewer:  side to that #1 side what would it be #
703:  #2 that side # it'd be caddy-cornered kinda
interviewer:  okay vehicles that ran on tracks with a wire overhead were
703:  oh
interviewer:  particularly in California
703:  well we had 'em here uh ra- ran on tracks for years and years and years what was it
interviewer:  well we can come back to it in a minute the bus drivers taking you down the road you say the next corner is where I want
703:  to get off
interviewer:  who pays the postmaster the federal
703:  government
interviewer:  police in town are supposed to maintain what
703:  law and order
interviewer:  before they had the electric chair murderers were
703:  hung
interviewer:  Albany is the capital of
703:  New York
interviewer:  Annapolis is the capital of
703:  {D: Innimona-} uh Indiana isn't it {D: -dianapolis}
interviewer:  #1 Baltimore is in #
703:  #2 uh Baltimore #
interviewer:  #1 #
703:  #2 # {D: uh} #1 Baltimore Maryland #
interviewer:  #2 more is in #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # Richmond is the capital of
703:  Virginia
interviewer:  Raleigh's the capital of
703:  North Carolina
interviewer:  Columbia's the capital of
703:  South Carolina
interviewer:  the bluegrass state is
703:  Kentucky
interviewer:  the volunteer state is
703:  volunteer state I don't know
interviewer:  uh the state that Anne l- uh lives in is {C: name}
703:  Tennessee
interviewer:  Tulsa is in
703:  Oklahoma
interviewer:  Boston is in
703:  Massachusetts
interviewer:  and the states from Maine to Connecticut are known as the
703:  north eastern states
interviewer:  the capital of the United States
703:  Washington D.C. they've made it a place of their own now it's a sta- it's a little state of its own just thi- just this last Congress
interviewer:  the biggest city in Maryland is
703:  Annana- Ann-
interviewer:  #1 the other one #
703:  #2 I don't know #
interviewer:  #1 #
703:  #2 #
interviewer:  with a B Balt-
703:  Baltimore
interviewer:  the um largest city in Missouri where the famous blues are named for
703:  in Missouri?
interviewer:  mm-hmm the largest city
703:  St Louis
interviewer:  the old historical seaport in South Carolina where the s- where the war was started
703:  where the Civil War
interviewer:  uh-huh
703:  you got me there
interviewer:  there you go real old old town on the seaport
703:  #1 where they #
interviewer:  #2 {X} #
703:  had the Boston Tea Party?
interviewer:  have you ever heard of Charleston?
703:  yes I've heard of Charleston but I thought the Civ- oh #1 the dev- #
interviewer:  #2 uh #
703:  I was thinking about #1 the Revolutionary War #
interviewer:  #2 in Alabama the # uh city on the Gulf is
703:  where
interviewer:  in Alabama the city on the Gulf is you heard of Mobile?
703:  Mobile is it o- #1 on it #
interviewer:  #2 {D: mm-hmm} #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # and the capital of Alabama is Mont- Montgomery?
703:  Montgomery Alabama
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  Montgomery Mobile we went in Florida I thought through
interviewer:  the largest
703:  Mobile but we didn't did we
interviewer:  city in Georgia is where I live is
703:  Atlanta
interviewer:  the biggest seaport in Georgia is another old city seaport
703:  I've said I don't know that
interviewer:  Savannah
703:  Savannah #1 Georgia #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  I didn't know it was on the sea
interviewer:  uh where Fort Benning is in what town in Georgia have you ever heard of Columbus?
703:  {X}
interviewer:  a couple of cities big cities besides New Orleans and Shreveport and Monroe are in its another one is what
703:  in it in it #1 in Louisiana? #
interviewer:  #2 Louisiana # a large one
703:  #1 besides #
interviewer:  #2 down # down the coast besides Shreveport and Monroe and New Orleans is Ba- Bat- Baton
703:  Baton Rouge
interviewer:  uh the biggest city in Southern Ohio
703:  is it Columbus?
interviewer:  where the Reds and the Bengals play their home games
703:  Cleveland?
interviewer:  the blank Redlegs you know the baseball team the Cin- Cincinnati have #1 you ever heard of that #
703:  #2 Cincinnati # Ohio
interviewer:  and the largest cities on the Ohio River are one of the the large cities in Kentucky is besides Lexington is L- heard of Louisville
703:  Louisville Louisville I know a woman lives there just couldn't think of it 'til you
interviewer:  mm-hmm if you have a very sick friend and he was not likely to get any better somebody asked you how he's coming along you'd say well it seems
703:  as if he might not get well?
interviewer:  mm-hmm what else would you say? if it seems
703:  that
interviewer:  it seems to me
703:  that he just can't get well
interviewer:  alright
703:  or just
interviewer:  seems to me he won't pull through
703:  #1 pull through #
interviewer:  #2 seems # to me
703:  that he won't pull through
interviewer:  um if your daughter did not help you with the dishes you'd say she went off to playing
703:  #1 and left the #
interviewer:  #2 blank #
703:  work to me
interviewer:  helping me she went off playing blank helping me
703:  she went off playing
interviewer:  and then you tell her why did you sit around blank helping me
703:  I don't #1 understand #
interviewer:  #2 you say instead #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # instead
703:  oh you could said say yes and why'd you sit around instead of helping me that one didn't understand at #1 first #
interviewer:  #2 okay #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # if a man is funny you like him you say I like him
703:  very much #1 or I think he #
interviewer:  #2 the name #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  #1 think he's a nice #
interviewer:  #2 of #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  guy
interviewer:  the name of our lord in church that we pray to
703:  it's Jesus Christ
interviewer:  the name of we worship who do we worship?
703:  we worship our lord and and the son Jesus #1 Christ #
interviewer:  #2 or # what's our lord's another name for our lord
703:  God
interviewer:  the preacher preaches a
703:  sermon
interviewer:  the opposite of God is called the
703:  Devil
interviewer:  alright now you were telling me about a haunted house and I asked you the name of some of the thi- of names of some of the things that would be in a haunted house
703:  skeletons and
interviewer:  what else what would be a thing with a white sheet over it or something what would you call that
703:  it'd be what the way they c- fix up haunt- people and make 'em look like hau- haunts or haunts they're called
interviewer:  um
703:  like they do some people on Halloween you know
interviewer:  mm-hmm you wanna say something stronger more enthusiastic than yes you'd say
703:  yes
interviewer:  could you ever
703:  #1 sir #
interviewer:  #2 say #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  or yes ma'am
interviewer:  well what else
703:  is it a bad word?
interviewer:  no do you say do you ever say certainly or
703:  yes you could say certainly
interviewer:  what are some ways to answer a man or a woman besides yes what would you say if you were being polite you'd say
703:  yes ma'am
interviewer:  and to a man you'd #1 say #
703:  #2 say #
interviewer:  #1 #
703:  #2 # no sir
interviewer:  if somebody intensely disliked to go somewhere you'd say he blank the place he
703:  he don't li- he don't
interviewer:  if he disliked it very much he blank the place he
703:  if I didn't wanna go somewhere
interviewer:  yeah you'd say that you it'd be bad feelings you'd have bad feelings you'd say
703:  I'm angry at you? mad at you
interviewer:  well what about the place what would you say I
703:  I just do not want to go there
interviewer:  yeah but you'd say something with one word I think I blank that place
703:  I hate
interviewer:  mm-hmm mm-hmm you'd say hate? um what might you say when you get real excited you might put your clap your hands together and say
703:  oh {NW} something like #1 that #
interviewer:  #2 yeah # what else would you say if you're really surprised what would you say
703:  oh my I never thou- thought about a thing like that
interviewer:  mm-hmm if you did something and you're a little peeved at yourself for doing something real stupid what would you say
703:  I'd say Mildred you are the dumbest thing {C: name}
interviewer:  nah you might not have said it that way you might just say it in in an exclamation what would you say oh would you say oh something?
703:  oh
interviewer:  I forgot what you said a minute ago when you found your purse what did you say?
703:  what I was trying to say I was thinking about how aggrav- aggravating it was {D: for myself} {D: figured that Monday is your bed and I looked there there it is} oh
interviewer:  well let's go on maybe you'll think of it later if something shocking is reported to you you might
703:  might faint
interviewer:  show a kind of polite resentment by saying why the you really resent it why the
703:  so and so why the
interviewer:  did you ever say why the very idea?
703:  why the very idea of such a thing
interviewer:  mm-hmm a greeting for a person you would you would look at 'em and say they were a good friend of mi- of yours and you would say to them when you first met maybe in the morning
703:  good morning
interviewer:  okay if the if you met them any other time what would you say to 'em maybe on the street
703:  later in the day?
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  well it was after twelve you'd say good a- good uh most of us say good evening but it's good afternoon #1 'til six o'clock #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm mm-hmm # mm-hmm if he shook your hand what would you say if it was a stranger
703:  how are you or how do you do
interviewer:  uh if you want that person they've completed their visit and you want them to come you you say to them you've enjoyed it you say come
703:  back to see us
interviewer:  and on the twenty-fifth of December we all say to each other
703:  Merry Christmas and Happy New Year
interviewer:  and if you're appreciate someone doing something for you besides thanking you might say I'm much
703:  I'm much indebted to you for what you've done for me
interviewer:  when you go downtown you go down there to do some
703:  shopping
interviewer:  you made a purchase the storekeep the storekeeper took a piece of paper and
703:  racked it racked it up
interviewer:  if you sell for less than you paid you say I had to sell at
703:  and lost money on it
interviewer:  okay I had to sell it another way of saying it?
703:  for less #1 than I #
interviewer:  #2 selling # it #1 and I #
703:  #2 I had to sell it # for less than I paid for it
interviewer:  mm-hmm selling it at a
703:  loss
interviewer:  if you admire something very much but you don't have enough money to buy it you'd say it I like it but it
703:  it's too expensive for me
interviewer:  on the first of the month people would have to pay rent to you say my bill is
703:  they want 'em to s-
interviewer:  #1 if they #
703:  #2 paying the #
interviewer:  have to pay by the first of the month they know that their bill is
703:  whatever the rent is
interviewer:  yeah but it is what by the first of the month it is
703:  it's due #1 it's dued #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # and if you belong to a club sometimes you have to pay the
703:  dues
interviewer:  if you don't have money and you have to go to the bank you might ask to
703:  write a check
interviewer:  but if you didn't have the money in the bank but you needed it you would have to
703:  borrow it
interviewer:  when the banker is refusing the loan he says money is you know like those things are about as blank as hen's teeth about as you don't have very many of them and you don't have much money and he refuses the loan to you and he says especially in the thirties this happened money was
703:  very scarce
interviewer:  when you went #1 swimming #
703:  #2 that's # when they had the deep depression
interviewer:  mm-hmm when you went swimming and you hit your stomach when you jumped in the water you called it a
703:  I never swam in my life
interviewer:  well do you know what anybody else called it? they hit their tummy instead of diving in they missed and they hit their tummy they called it a what
703:  I don't know
interviewer:  well alright when you buy something or pay your bill some storekeepers will give you a little present and say its for
703:  uh for paying promptly paying your
interviewer:  did you have any other names for it
703:  paying your bill
interviewer:  what would it be called that particular gift it's for
703:  paying
interviewer:  #1 did you have any old time #
703:  #2 what what #
interviewer:  terms for it a long time ago maybe
703:  well I'd say like I paid the bill promptly #1 and they g- #
interviewer:  #2 and they gave you # #1 a little gift #
703:  #2 and they # gave me a
interviewer:  you'd say it's he'd say it's for did you have any old time terms for it okay let's go on then if someone gets caught in a whirlpool and he can't get out and he can't swim what happens to him
703:  well he might drown
interviewer:  what does a baby do before it's able to walk
703:  crawl
interviewer:  and what else does it do
703:  cry and it #1 crawls #
interviewer:  #2 you # see something up in a tree you wanna take a closer look so you went up over to the tree and
703:  climb the tree
interviewer:  and if you're playing hide and seek and you find yourself near a stump so you instead of instead of sitting on the ground you
703:  hide behind the stump
interviewer:  yeah but you get down like this you
703:  you hunker down
interviewer:  if you put your knees down you s- and like at the altar you'd say that
703:  I'm kneeling
interviewer:  and in praying you say she down in prayer she
703:  she knelt in #1 prayer #
interviewer:  #2 if you're # tired you'd go in there in the bed and you'd say I'm going to
703:  retire
interviewer:  when you put your body this way you say I'm going over to the couch and
703:  reclining
interviewer:  what's another way of saying that
703:  lay down
interviewer:  mm-hmm if he was really sick and he wouldn't even sit up he just in bed all day he just besides stayed there he just
703:  laid in the bed all day
interviewer:  when you sleep sometimes you have
703:  dreams
interviewer:  you'd say I dreamt so and so and all of a sudden I
703:  waked up
interviewer:  if you bring your foot down hard on the floor
703:  stomp
interviewer:  if a boy sees a girl at church and he wants to go home with her he says may I
703:  may I see you home or
interviewer:  to get up on to get a boat up on land you'd tie a rope to the bow and
703:  pull
interviewer:  when a car is stuck in the mud you have to
703:  used to have to put uh anything you could get a hold of brush timber I mean uh lumber anything you could get hold of put under them tires to hold it to push it up out of that mud
interviewer:  if you have to carry a heavy suitcase a long distance instead of saying I carried it you say I
703:  lugged it
interviewer:  if a child comes in the house and you don't want him to eat the cookies you look over and you say don't you
703:  get into my cookies
interviewer:  if he goes over to something that's going to break you say don't
703:  touch that
interviewer:  if you needed a hammer you'd say to me
703:  may I #1 borrow your #
interviewer:  #2 go #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  go get me a hammer
interviewer:  in playing tag what was the tree called for the children a long time ago that was a safe place to go or hide and seek you'd have to run in free and touch the what'd you call it the they have that
703:  we used to play hide and seek but I
interviewer:  #1 what about the #
703:  #2 {X} #
interviewer:  two posts in football you have to kick the football over the
703:  over a goal don't you
interviewer:  if you throw a ball and ask somebody to
703:  catch it
interviewer:  if s- a child wanted wanting to get out of a spanking he might say please me another
703:  chance and I'll do better
interviewer:  if a man is in a good hu- humor you say he's he is in a very good
703:  state of mind
interviewer:  he's feeling
703:  real good
interviewer:  if you have someone that's hired and they're loafing all the time you might try to discharge 'em and you'd say to your friend of yours I think I'm going to
703:  fire them
interviewer:  any other words to say if you got termites the exterminating company would say will what
703:  inspect
interviewer:  what else will he do if you have the termites
703:  then he will uh uh spray
interviewer:  so #1 that he can't #
703:  #2 poison #
interviewer:  so that he so that you can
703:  so that I can pay him
interviewer:  so that he can
703:  he'll inspect
interviewer:  #1 why #
703:  #2 my #
interviewer:  is he spraying?
703:  well he he'll he'll spray to get rid of the termites
interviewer:  right he didn't know what was going on but he blank he knew it all
703:  he didn't know what to do at all
interviewer:  but he
703:  he thought he knew it all
interviewer:  what if he's pretending what would you say he
703:  he made out like
interviewer:  Mm-hmm. when someone stole your pencil what's a slang word you might use he at school maybe a long time ago besides stole it's the same he stole my pencil you would say #1 he #
703:  #2 he #
interviewer:  #1 #
703:  #2 # he snitched
interviewer:  any other words that you called it?
703:  he grabbed or or got my pencil I've had a many of 'em took away from me when I didn't know it I'd call that snitching
interviewer:  if um you owe a person a letter you have to pick up your pencil to
703:  write
interviewer:  and then you say yesterday he me letter he
703:  yesterday I received a letter from you
interviewer:  yeah but he had to pick up a pencil and use it to mismatch you {C: pops, breaking up} you write the
703:  address
interviewer:  a little boy has learned something new for instance if he has learned to whistle and you know you want to know where he learned that you ask him who
703:  who taught you to whistle
interviewer:  I wanna ask you if you've put up that new fence yet you'd say no but I
703:  will soon or by and by
interviewer:  I any other words I besides will I pretty soon I
703:  I may pretty soon
interviewer:  what do you call a person who tells on somebody else and a child would do this you'd call him a
703:  oh now that'd be a snitcher wouldn't it
interviewer:  mm-hmm and the other any other words or terms for it did you ever use the word tattle?
703:  he tattled o- on another one {C: bump}
interviewer:  what'd you call that person then
703:  oh a tattle tale
interviewer:  if you want a bouquet at the dinner table you'd go out in the garden and
703:  pick one pick the flowers
interviewer:  something a child might play with would be called a
703:  doll
interviewer:  all of 'em all of 'em
703:  all
interviewer:  all those things are called dolls wagons trains trucks all of 'em are called
703:  playthings
interviewer:  something happened that you expected and you predicted it and you were afraid it was going to happen for example a child hurting himself while doing something dangerous you might say I
703:  I predicted that would hap- oh that
interviewer:  would you say I
703:  I thought that was going to happen
interviewer:  okay what else especially after someone comes in and tells you what has happened you say
703:  #1 I #
interviewer:  #2 I #
703:  knew it was going to happen
interviewer:  when you're out of breath you might have said when you were younger I was feeling so happy I blank all the way home
703:  I ran all the way
interviewer:  and the opposite of take it off is the opposite of taking off your dress is
703:  put on the dress?
interviewer:  you're sitting with a friend not saying anything and then all of a sudden he asks you what did you say you'd say why I said you didn't say anything now you'd say why I said
703:  I said nothing
interviewer:  then you'd say oh I thought you said
703:  I you s- {C: whisper} -t you said {C: whisper} hello I th-
interviewer:  come now there must be blank new
703:  there must be there must be s- real new
interviewer:  if the day was nice outside you might say it's
703:  a nice sunny day
interviewer:  or I'm this is another way of saying getting the word I've never heard of blank things I've never heard of things
703:  {D: in a pretty sight value}
interviewer:  yeah it's it is
703:  it's quiet
interviewer:  quiet and nice day what's another word for quiet
703:  peaceful
interviewer:  well it's Q-U-I-T-E it's quite a nice #1 day #
703:  #2 quite # a nice
interviewer:  #1 it's #
703:  #2 day #
interviewer:  #1 #
703:  #2 # it's sunny and mild?
interviewer:  let's go on to something else if I ask you how long has that mountain been here you might say as far as I know it's
703:  been there ever since the world began
interviewer:  it's all
703:  it's what
interviewer:  it's always been would you say that
703:  mm-hmm it's always been there
interviewer:  if you want to know a person wanted a piece of cake you just have to go over and
703:  and ask him if he wanted a piece would he have a piece of #1 cake #
interviewer:  #2 mm-hmm #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # if two people got together and they didn't get along each time they started talking loudly to each other you'd say they
703:  are quarreling #1 or fussing #
interviewer:  #2 another word #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 # if they started hitting each other with hands you would say they were
703:  fighting
interviewer:  if on TV you see a fellow take a knife and put it in the other man you say he
703:  he stuck him
interviewer:  any other words for it
703:  or he cut him #1 with that #
interviewer:  #2 he #
703:  #1 #
interviewer:  #2 #
703:  jabbed him with a knife
interviewer:  and as they took him in the hospital they'd have to to the knife they'd have to
703:  pull the knife out
interviewer:  a funny picture on a blackboard the teacher asks who
703:  drew that picture
interviewer:  you're going to lift something like a big heavy piece of machinery up on a roof you might use pulley blocks and a rope to
703:  help pull it up
interviewer:  yeah what's another word for pull it up?
703:  lift
interviewer:  well another word for lift to on you on a car that a wrecker has to come out and has to pick it up off the ground so it has to you your have you ever said hoist it up?
703:  hoist that's a good word I couldn't think of it
interviewer:  um you were gonna tell me the name of the place in the kitchen in the little room where you kept the food
703:  that was the pantry
interviewer:  alright and what was the other two two things I think you didn't say uh can't remember what they were
703:  well I said that big it's not on tape is it I said that big that word where alternative high school down was kaleidoscope
interviewer:  mm-hmm
703:  and then I was at another one
interviewer:  yeah oh I know it was the uh little fish that you thought of right
703:  topwaters
interviewer:  and um trying to think of what else I think that's about all thank you very much I appreciate spending the time with me to do this
703:  you mean that's #1 all #
interviewer:  #2 I've # enjoyed it haven't you
703:  yeah but I missed so many what you gonna do about those that I just completely missed
interviewer:  well when we couldn't get 'em so we just do without 'em
703:  but ho-