interviewer: plays in my hometown Troy and it seems like 741: #1 right do y'all play # interviewer: #2 Troy state has # played 741: played Henderson didn't it or was it #1 {D: Washita} # interviewer: #2 I think you # 741: #1 {D: Washita} # interviewer: #2 played 'em both # 741: in the Peanut Bowl or some such thing interviewer: where's the ten of 'em 741: I don't I really don't know but it it rings a bell that #1 Troy State did play # interviewer: #2 yeah # yeah I think I think they uh Troy State had played both uh {D: I think there's another Washita at some time in the past but I can't remember when I can't remember when it} whether it was when Troy had real those real good jeans in the late sixties or 741: I think so interviewer: might have been 741: it was something like the Peanut Bowl or interviewer: I can't remember who won either 741: Troy State I believe #1 I'm not sure # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # well they might have been they had really they really had a powerhouse back in sixty-eight that won the uh #1 N-A-I # 741: #2 N-A-I # interviewer: s- a small college national championship 741: yeah we're you know real familiar with the N-A-I #1 around here Henderson has been uh # interviewer: #2 uh-huh is that right # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: second nationally for quite a while interviewer: oh I see 741: and then they have the uh national N-A-I track meet here every year interviewer: I noticed you had some good looking facilities I didn't 741: #1 right uh-huh # interviewer: #2 get to drive around # I want to #1 later on # 741: #2 Henderson # has very nice athletic #1 facilities # interviewer: #2 uh-huh just # what I could see from the road see the football field stadium looked pretty modern look that 741: yeah it's it's nice interviewer: well let me ask you uh you were born here in Arkadelphia is #1 that right? # 741: #2 I was # born in Little Rock interviewer: oh you were born in Little Rock 741: but that was simply because my family happened to be in Little Rock at the time my father was a lawyer is a lawyer and uh at that time it was during the depression and uh he had a job in Little Rock and I just was born there but I lived there not even 'til I was two years old interviewer: is that right 741: mm-hmm my family's from here and we moved back here I've lived here all my life except three years in Hawaii interviewer: and you moved here you said when you were about two to Arkadelphia 741: mm-hmm a little less than two I have no memory of living anywhere else interviewer: that right and you said you lived for three years in Hawaii 741: mm-hmm interviewer: now did your father relocate is 741: #1 no that's my husband # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: uh was a navy physician stationed at with the marine corps interviewer: well you're talking about your parents so where is your father from? #1 where was he born # 741: #2 right here # interviewer: #1 # 741: #2 # interviewer: in Arkadelphia? 741: mm-hmm interviewer: and you said he's a lawyer 741: right interviewer: father still alive? 741: yes mm-hmm interviewer: still practicing? 741: no he's the executive secretary of the Arkansas judicial um department interviewer: what about your father's education? did he go to school here in Arkansas 741: University of Arkansas well he went to Henderson uh right across the street for uh for college and and they had an academy there when he was in high school so he went to the Henderson high school academy whatever it was called at the time and then went on to Henderson and got a degree in violin he was a {C: laughs} football player and then went to University of Arkansas for his law degree interviewer: so was that a JD back then or a bachelor of law 741: #1 I don't know # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: I really don't interviewer: just got a law degree he did he do his undergraduate work there or now you said 741: at Henderson interviewer: {NS} at Henderson I got you what about your mother? is she from around here 741: my mother's from Louisiana and she is deceased interviewer: what part of Louisiana specifically was she from 741: uh Shreveport uh but her family moved around some I Arkansas Louisiana just this part of the interviewer: what about uh her education? 741: she went to Henderson and graduated interviewer: was she uh what about her occupation uh 741: {D: she was a housewife mostly but uh for quite a while she had the Huie insurance agency she which was her um agency} interviewer: did you know your grandparents? 741: oh yeah interviewer: say onto your father's side? 741: mm-hmm interviewer: where was your grandfather from? 741: right here interviewer: in Arkadelphia 741: right interviewer: mad about that {X} don't last very long let's see your grandfather on your father's side you said he was from Arkadelphia 741: right interviewer: what what did he do for a living? 741: he was a lawyer interviewer: and his education? 741: uh University of Virginia interviewer: I don't remember asking if I ask you if he's still living or not 741: no he's been dead a number of years interviewer: what about his wife where is she from? 741: she was from Texas interviewer: happen to know where? 741: uh wait a minute let's see ca- yeah I do but I can't Talladega? interviewer: Talladega? there's a Talladega, Alabama 741: {D: hat's out} maybe Talladega, Alabama I think's where she was born and then she moved to Texas and I interviewer: oh really? 741: can't now what is the name of that place she's talked about it think it's close to Tyler somewhere interviewer: if you happen to #1 remember # 741: #2 I # can look it up do you want me to look it up? interviewer: oh we can do that later on 741: okay interviewer: and uh her education you know #1 anything about # 741: #2 she # graduated from the University of Texas isn't that unusual to have a grandmother that I didn't know it was unusual for a a long time but it is unusual {C: interviewer laughing} interviewer: right 741: and she started the library at Henderson that's how she came to Arkadelphia and married my grandfather in fact the library is named after her interviewer: what is her name? 741: her name is {B} library at Henderson interviewer: so she was a professional librarian 741: mm-hmm interviewer: she did that all her life? 741: no not really she I don't know how many years she did it but uh by the time I have memories of her she was not a librarian anymore interviewer: what about your other grandparents on uh your mother's side 741: my mother's father uh also attended University of Virginia graduated from the University of Virginia and I believe that her mother did go to college but I don't remember anything about her graduating out of it that's I don't hear it didn't hear anything particular about that sh- I know she did some writing but I don't think she's ever sold anything interviewer: do you know where your grandfather was born? 741: that one mm-mm Louisiana's the closest thing I know I know they always would end up back in Shreveport that that area interviewer: what about his occupation? 741: he well uh had piano stores interviewer: so retail business? 741: mm-hmm interviewer: he did the tuning and all that too? 741: well his sons uh his son did he usually hired a tuner and then eventually his youngest son could uh could tune piano and still tunes pianos in the Shreveport area interviewer: what about uh his wife do you know where she was from? 741: no interviewer: didn't know if your so was she a housewife or 741: mm-hmm makes me feel bad I should know these these things about it interviewer: bad about that too {X} 741: well I know so much about the {B} side and {X} lived here #1 where they all were # interviewer: #2 right uh-huh # 741: you know and the {D: Wellburn side is} the Louisiana side we've just kind of lost contact with but I know that uh that my grandmother on my father's side came from Texas although I think Talladega Talla- Talladega think it's where she was born but they moved to Texas at some point not sure when interviewer: how old are you now? 741: I'm forty interviewer: and your occupation? 741: right now I'm a student interviewer: is that right 741: mm-hmm interviewer: going back 741: #1 mm-hmm I'm a # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: graduate student in uh speech and drama don't let any speech and drama majors listen to that tape they'll have a heart attack on the spot {C: laughing} interviewer: now don't worry 741: #1 I can do it # interviewer: #2 I won't # 741: correctly on the stage interviewer: well have you have you taught or uh as housewife or 741: I've been a housewife interviewer: {D: gran- sweeter than him} 741: mm-hmm interviewer: that right? did you graduate from Henderson? 741: I graduated from the University of Arkansas interviewer: I see 741: twenty years ago #1 and uh # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: then I came back I got a nursing degree B-S-N I started off as a freshman in drama at at the University and dropped out I mean I c- didn't I changed my major I didn't drop out I just changed my major and then just I've always loved it so I eventually went back to it when my children were older and went back to Henderson and got a a degree in theater arts hello yes I know oh well Thursday night we're performing {NS} right r- yeah right what time is the between seven thirty and nine well I'll tell you I'll send a gift I'm sorry that we'll be in makeup and ready to go at seven thirty uh well thanks a lot yeah you too okay bye bye interviewer: if I can get this straight your your first degree was that not the nursing degree 741: that it's a B-S-N nursing #1 degree from the University of Arkansas # interviewer: #2 {X} # okay 741: my second degree is a B-A in theater arts interviewer: and that one's from 741: Henderson interviewer: got that and you're working on an M-A now? 741: mm ah well I'm working on an M-S-E they don't offer an M-A sadly to say interviewer: what is that masters of science and education? how far along are you? 741: I just started #1 just # interviewer: #2 just started # 741: started this summer I've they uh offered me a scholarship and so I just thought well good easiest graduate hours I ever got I three hours for choreography and three hours for drama performance for acting I thought oh my word actually counting at graduate credit for doing what I've been doing for #1 fifteen # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 741: or twenty years interviewer: well what are some of the productions you've been involved in? 741: oh jillions #1 would you like # interviewer: #2 oh really # 741: to see my list of credits {C: laughs} {C: laughing} uh well I mostly do choreography and I've choreographed uh I don't know the Music Man The Marriage of Figaro Amahl and the Night Visitors Susanna uh musical comedy opera and opera mostly uh oh let's see what else I can't even think of all of 'em right now we're doing the Boy Friend and I choreographed that and a rock musical called Keep Off the Grass interviewer: mm-hmm 741: which was really fun and #1 Oliver and # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: I don't just just I just on and o- I've been doing this for twenty years so you know I've really done a lot and I do a lot of costume design interviewer: is the department of speech and theater here pretty strong at Henderson 741: unfortunately not right now it has been in the past very strong but we've had some upheavals which have been unfortunate right now it's not too strong I'd like to go well of course I have a family I wish I could go to at least the University of Arkansas and and get my masters in costuming but I can't so you know well I mean I could but I'm not gonna I'm not gonna go off and leave my family so I'm just gonna go ahead and get the education degree and do as much costuming as I can and because acting is not my I really don't like to do it I do it under duress interviewer: is that right? 741: but I love the rest of it I like directing I like and of course I wanna teach but the main reason I'm doing this either particularly the college as I would take a high school job but not with the enthusiasm that I would take a college job {C: interviewer laughing} interviewer: right right well let me ask you have have uh you been or are you now in any sort of uh civic club or professional group or a church group or anything like that anything of that sort 741: well I ha- I had been considerably more until I went back to school uh particularly the now I've sung in the choir for a jillion years you know and since I was two {NS} no not really but I you know thirteen I think interviewer: what church is that 741: methodist and uh the organization that I was the most active in I belonged to a number of junior auxiliary you know that sort of thing but the one I was most active in was the philharmonic club which is a member of the national federation of music clubs and thoroughly enjoyed that I music is music and theater are my loves interviewer: #1 right # 741: #2 and uh # interviewer: #1 # 741: #2 # we have very very strong clubs excellent programs we got a string movement going here which uh fed into the Arkansas symphony you know quite a number of of things like that going that uh that I really enjoyed but when I went back to sch- I just to tell you the truth just got tired of being an amateur I decided I wanted to be a professional interviewer: what about uh your husband do you uh you and he go to the same church 741: yeah #1 when he goes # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: his church is the golf course interviewer: yeah occasional {X} 741: uh-huh an occasional {X} interviewer: #1 but what about # 741: #2 or as they say # for burial purposes only interviewer: uh how old is {B} 741: he's forty six interviewer: did he go where did he go for his uh college track 741: University of Arkansas interviewer: all the way? 741: all the way medical school too interviewer: is the medical school in Fayetteville or 741: Little Rock interviewer: Little Rock yeah is he in any s uh type of uh yeah civic club that type of thing 741: oh he's in rotary interviewer: rotary 741: his main occupation besides being a doctor is playing golf and taking care of his race horses he goes out every day and feeds 'em and takes care of 'em and babies 'em and so far we've not won a penny at the track {C: laughing} but but we do have some nice looking race horses interviewer: does he race up there at Hot Springs 741: we have not had one good enough yet #1 Louisiana # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: we've made Louisiana Downs and didn't have much success but we've got three coming along be ready to race interviewer: mm-hmm 741: soon o- one will be ready to race this ye- this year and then we just have one mare right now we just keep breeding her to the best that's around here which is not too good interviewer: right 741: we hope to have one good enough to run to Oaklawn there's some awfully good horses at Oaklawn interviewer: I have been I was in Hot Springs good and all an interviewer I meant to go by because I heard so much about him but I just didn't manage but apparently around here it's uh it's uh it's uh one of 'em lands #1 on 'em # 741: #2 oh it # really is it's just it's suppo- from any magazine really that you were to pick up on racing it's supposed to be just the hottest small track in the country and uh owners really like to come here a lot of 'em do and jockeys and so forth they really like it {D: particularly Dan Lasater course he's from Arkansas but he's} he really does like Oaklawn he's in all kinds of national magazines that said that he how much he likes it interviewer: what about uh doctor {B} parents where are they from? 741: they're from Missouri interviewer: you know anything about uh where his grandparents are from? 741: Missouri interviewer: all from Missouri his ancestor's from 741: right I think though that there's some right across the border in Oklahoma I mean that's they live in that little corner of Missouri that Arkansas's right below 'em and Oklahoma's to the side of 'em it's just you know it's real close and I think some of 'em came from that interviewer: what is is he uh a general practitioner #1 or a # 741: #2 right # mm-hmm interviewer: I wanna back up for just a minute uh and ask you again about that uh uh you said you were born in Little Rock but uh the circumstances around that again were? you say it was uh what I'm trying to get at is your parents are do they have roots in Arkadelphia and they just moved to Little #1 Rock for the depression # 741: #2 right # interviewer: #1 # 741: #2 # well it was just that that just happened be where he got the job right at that af- at that time I'm trying to think now my mother told me about that I know they married here and there had just came an opening in Little Rock and they moved up there and that happened to be where I was born but they moved back interviewer: so your parents or your father is a is an Arkadelphia native 741: right interviewer: and uh 741: my mother came here to go to school and met my father interviewer: I see 741: and just stayed interviewer: and your father's parents at least his father is an Arkadelphia native too 741: right and so is his father interviewer: now your great grandfather 741: mm-hmm interviewer: is an Arkadelphia native some the reason I I wanted to go over that is sometimes that becomes a problem #1 and # 741: #2 when # someone's born somewhere #1 el- # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # usually they in this they're they're Doctor Pederson who's the uh director of this project is uh fairly strict about that uh and usually if the person was not born in the county uh 741: it doesn't count? interviewer: well preferably you know if they in a neighboring county or something like that how far away from we from Little Rock are by the way? 741: sixty-five #1 miles # interviewer: #2 sixty-five # miles how how many counties away is that do you know? 741: about three or four I #1 believe # interviewer: #2 is # that right I ho- I hope this won't be a problem because you sound like you're gonna be a good informant I'll probably give him a call and and let him know the situation but it seems like you know that uh he would like to go in and complete the interview because you do have a lot of ancestry here in Arkadelphia and since you moved back when you were so young I hope that won't be a you know a factor but you know I have to ask about it 741: right well I understand that interviewer: well let's see oh yeah I wanted you to tell me about uh your travel have you traveled much in Arkansas or out of state 741: mm-hmm interviewer: whereabouts have you been? or {X} 741: I've been from Mexico to Canada lived in Hawaii I've been in all the states except the northwest I've been to Europe western Europe interviewer: was most of the travel done for vacation or uh 741: right exc- just except when we went to Hawaii when my husband graduated from medical school well and so he went through medical school on the Navy plan and so he had to pay back three years to the Navy so when he finished his internship he went into the Navy and I was just right out of school and so we went there for three years and the traveling we did then of course was business but it was like a vacation interviewer: well that's a that's about as perfect a setup I think I ever heard of you know being stationed in Hawaii 741: #1 oh it was marvelous # interviewer: #2 {X} # the service path 741: #1 my two sons # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: were born there interviewer: is that right do you have you have two children only 741: I've got three interviewer: you got three what are what are they uh they all doing? uh 741: well my oldest son is right now working at the hospital uh in the lab he's graduated from high school and he's going to the University of Arkansas in pre-med and then my second son who is seventeen will probably show up in a few minutes he's got a part time job at the pro shop at the country club he goes to Phillips Exeter Academy in New Hampshire and CB radio: {X} interviewer: picking up somebody's C-B go ahead 741: my daughter is fourteen and she'll be in the ninth grade she's very much into music drama CB radio: {X} interviewer: I always ha- I always heard that the French horn was the most difficult of of the orchestra instruments 741: #1 that's what they say # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: but she didn't know any better when she started off so interviewer: yeah 741: she's a pretty talented little ol' kid interviewer: yeah well could you tell me about uh the house that you were uh raised in? uh what it was like you know the the different rooms in it that sort of thing? 741: well the first house I lived in that I can remember is this house right here #1 it was my # interviewer: #2 oh really # 741: grandmother's house but it didn't look like this no- like it does now it was a typical Victorian cottage they called 'em cottages we remodeled it extensively when we moved in and then when I was about three or four we moved to the house that I lived in up until I married and that's oh about three blocks from here and it was just uh average white frame house three bedrooms two baths in those days that's pretty unusual at least for this part of the country uh living room dining room combination and kitchen breakfast room combination with a washing facilities interviewer: well what about this house as it is now? could you describe that? 741: this house right here? surely well it's of I guess you'd call it a fake Williamsburg cause I love Williamsburg although most people say well it's very reminiscent of New England we I made my first trip to New England when we took our son up to Exeter to be interviewed and it the whole town looked just like my house so I {C: laughing} just fell in love with the town #1 Exeter # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: New Hampshire just beautiful but it's very plain just uh straight lines two story grayish green CB radio: {X} 741: it has uh CB radio: {X} 741: drop dead interviewer: does that come through your stereo and all 741: #1 sometimes # interviewer: #2 that # 741: sometimes it comes through #1 the # interviewer: #2 TV # 741: the TV interviewer: it's really out of nowhere ain't it 741: the house is almost a saltbox from the outside it has a fan light over the front door with the colonial paneling a single door with uh lights on each side then it has a brick walkway out onto the front with uh well a little porch I guess you'd call it just a stoop some people would call it #1 just a # interviewer: #2 right # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: uh with brick steps going down each side not from the front but down each side black wrought iron railing going across the front and down each side but it's very simple it's not ornate wrought iron at all very plain then they have uh right in the front if you're facing the house there's a {D: rowlock} of brick that has wrought iron that goes with the fan light it's shaped like the fan light very very simple then the sidewalk curves around from each of the steps curves around and meets in the center and then goes into one big sidewalk that goes out to the main sidewalk and to the street and the back of the house is a little bit different it's uh the carport has arched columns which are painted white and a curving driveway into it bay window in the kitchen French doors in the bedroom out onto a little porch that's covered and has small white wooden columns which square columns which match the carport arched columns the square columns beneath the arch columns and I found those columns in a stable in Virginia and uh I think it's behind Carter Carter's Grove is where I found those when I was uh having the house remodeled I did a lot of traveling in Virginia looking at different ways of doing steps coming up to the front door and all that kind of thing spent a lot of time in Williamsburg and the surrounding James River valley I liked it a lot interviewer: this room that we're in now you'd call this a 741: we call it the library mainly cause we have our bunch of our reference books in here I've had to divide up we've got bookcases all in the the living room too and cour- as you can see it's just jammed it was just we I really need to re- do because we've just got more books than we can get in here but I've tried to keep all the reference books in here but and we do have the television in here and this is really kind of the room we live in in the winter time we spend more time in the living room the fireplace is in there I'm not a television watcher I spend more time in the living room I read in there I'm a reader in fact the whole family are readers except the oldest son he's a television watcher interviewer: well you ment- you've got all this uh you mentioned the living room have you ever heard people around here call it anything else? besides living room 741: well my grandmother uh would call it a parlor or a sitting room all of my friends would say living room interviewer: do you if consider the living room to be the best room in the house uh 741: no I like this room better most people uh do around here but uh they will have a a living room they call it but they never live in it they never go in it the kids aren't allowed in it they you know everything's covered in damask and nobody dares walk through in their dirty feet but our living room's not like that at all it's we have the fireplace and the big scrunchy comfortable couch and I just don't like to live that formally interviewer: you mentioned couch have you ever heard that uh called anything else? 741: divan mm-hmm interviewer: do you have ever heard uh anybody call it #1 uh # 741: #2 sofa # interviewer: #1 # 741: #2 # right interviewer: that or what about a Chesterfield? 741: no haven't heard it called a Chesterfield interviewer: these are these are rather high ceilings about 741: #1 they're ten feet # interviewer: #2 how # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: they were twelve but we put when we put in the air conditioning we had to put the you know the duct work interviewer: right 741: and it's uh it's right above this so we had to lower 'em I didn't want to lower 'em at all but I didn't realize how cold it would be interviewer: uh-huh 741: {NW} interviewer: pretty chilly huh 741: it really gets cold in the winter with these high ceilings interviewer: you mentioned a uh fireplace I want to ask you a little bit about that what uh that open area you know in front of the fireplace what have you heard of that called? 741: the open #1 area in front of the hear- # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: in front of the #1 fireplace? # interviewer: #2 yeah in # some houses with fireplaces you'll have an an open area I guess it's you know just to have a space to prevent sparks from catching fire to something 741: oh I know what you're talking about um I don't know I don't know {C: laughing} having a mental blank the hearth #1 I guess that's that's # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: the main thing that I guess you'd call it we have a it seems like there's something else I call it but I can't think of what it is interviewer: well what about uh the the big pieces of wood that are burning in a fireplace have you ever heard those referred to as 741: #1 anything # interviewer: #2 anything # 741: besides logs interviewer: yeah 741: no I really haven't interviewer: you ever heard uh people talk about back sticks or back logs 741: no interviewer: well what about the uh the wood that you use to start the fire {X} 741: #1 kindling # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: we have a gas jet but #1 I've heard of # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: kindling interviewer: you know uh that's one thing interesting thing that I've found as far as the difference between uh this area and where I'm from uh most people will say uh rather than kindling uh lightwood or 741: #1 around here? # interviewer: #2 {X} # no 741: #1 where where you're in Alabama they say lightwood instead of kindling? # interviewer: #2 {X} # yeah that's a smart expression to most people that I've talked to 741: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 {X} # have you ever heard that 741: #1 no I never have # interviewer: #2 never heard of lightwood # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # well what about uh the things that you put the logs across inside the fireplace 741: I have a cradle uh let's see well most people have andirons interviewer: andirons 741: mm-hmm interviewer: you ever heard those called anything besides that? 741: I probably have but I can't think of it right now interviewer: ever heard it called firedogs? or dog irons? 741: dog irons I think I've heard that right interviewer: would an uh uh older person be more likely to use that do you think 741: not in my family interviewer: you say andirons 741: andirons interviewer: well what about uh you know when you burn a good bit of wood in a fireplace you'll have this black substance form on the sides 741: #1 the soot # interviewer: #2 {X} # uh and what about uh when the wood has completely burned the only thing left 741: ashes interviewer: what color are those usually? 741: gray {NS} hello yes oh good grief well listen I'm being interviewed just walk on home and listen tell the people at uh at Exxon you know at the Exxon station tell 'em about it and tell 'em to go see what's the matter with it okay bye bye interviewer: need me to pick somebody up? 741: #1 no that's okay # interviewer: #2 that's okay # 741: good boy {D: needs to walk} interviewer: that your son? 741: yes {NS} the car died again I'll tell you everything mechanical is just going to pieces #1 this summer it's just terrible # interviewer: #2 that right # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # knock on wood I hope I don't have any trouble with my 741: #1 mm-kay # interviewer: #2 car # 741: we were at gray ashes interviewer: your gray ashes 741: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 right # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # what what about uh you know right above the fireplace you'd usually have a 741: mantel interviewer: yeah you ever heard that called anything besides mantel 741: don't think so may have interviewer: maybe uh 741: I'm not a good crossword puzzle person if I {C: interviewer laughing} {X} CB radio: {X} 741: it's just interviewer: I see well what about uh you know the uh the thing right at the top of the house made out of brick that slope goes through the 741: chimney interviewer: now if it were uh one of these tall things uh factory or an industrial plant what would its 741: smokestack interviewer: that would be a smokestack well what about uh some typical things that you would have in your living room uh CB radio: {X} interviewer: ten-four go ahead 741: some things I would have in my living room well in my living room I CB radio: {X} 741: I wish they'd go away know what I bet that's security over at Henderson interviewer: campus police? 741: mm-hmm well in my living room I have an old trestle table which belonged to my great grandfather in fact was the board of directors table for the citizen's bank when it was formed here and was in the basement of the {D: Catter} hotel for a long time and we resurrected it and brought it back in a- it's not a very pretty piece of furniture but it holds a lot of things and I have a couch and some chairs and a piano and I wish I had some end tables it's not completely furnished yet one of these days it will be lamps what else drawings pictures paintings that sort of thing interviewer: uh do you want to shoot for a particular hour or just #1 say when # 741: #2 just go # ahead just I'll tell you when I have to interviewer: okay 741: cook supper that'll be the only thing interviewer: okay well uh what are the typical things you would have in your bedroom? 741: well we have a dresser and uh we have a small couch in there a loveseat king sized bed end tables lamps just your standard sort of thing we uh have a really lovely chest I think but prettiest new pieces I like new furniture but I do like this it's a new piece that's uh nice French in design it's really pretty it's uh has three drawers interviewer: you mentioned dresser have you ever heard people call that anything else 741: I can remember my grandmother calling these high boys that she had chiffoniers interviewer: chiffoniers now was that completely uh of drawers or was there any sort of 741: #1 trying to remember # interviewer: #2 hanging space or error # or anything like that 741: they used to have uh I c- I can remember some of the old furniture that my grandmother had that's that horrible mission oak stuff that people s- still buy can't imagine but they do but I mean everyone has their own taste they can buy what they like uh that had drawers on one side and had a had an opening that you could hang things in on the other like I guess like a small wardrobe she used to have some enormous wardrobe you know just really interviewer: and that was entirely hanging space 741: right mm-hmm interviewer: and what you call now the place where you hang your clothes that's 741: #1 the closet # interviewer: #2 just a # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # what about uh anything called a chifforobe 741: I've I've heard those terms but I've never heard them used in my family interviewer: you're not sure what's being described? or what's being referred to? when people #1 talk about a # 741: #2 not # interviewer: chifforobe 741: not really I'd I'd assumed it's something like the chiffon- chiffonier I just {C: laughing} I just have some sort of vague picture in my #1 mind but # interviewer: #2 right # 741: I'm not it's not terms that we use #1 no # interviewer: #2 right # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # I see well what about the you know the things that are over your windows to keep out the light you call those your 741: drapes interviewer: these are the drapes and uh these things that some people have uh they're on rollers you know you can pull 'em down 741: oh shades interviewer: here you call those shades 741: right interviewer: well what about uh these things that are they're they're slanted you know and you can adjust 741: Venetian blinds interviewer: Venetian blinds some houses I don't know if this house has one or not but right underneath the uh the roof you know a space that might be used for storage or something like 741: #1 the attic # interviewer: #2 that # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # now were you when you were talking about uh your house your kitchen in your house have you ever seen a maybe an older house around here uh in which the kitchen was built away from the house as a 741: this one originally had that interviewer: is that 741: #1 I think # interviewer: #2 right # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: but it's been added to and remodeled so many times I've never uh and it seems to me like my no I r- I haven't seen it myself I've just heard that there have been places although I can still remember the wash pot #1 in the backyard # interviewer: #2 yeah yeah # uh-huh 741: and I had a g- a gas jet under it and that great big black kettle and and uh we'd wash those clothes and have a stick #1 you know # interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # right well now you ever heard that that kitchen that's built away from the house uh called anything just other than the kitchen 741: I really haven't and to tell you the truth the place I heard where I heard about that was in Virginia interviewer: fair enough 741: so I it's I'm not sure that it was common in this area or you might have to ask the older people because I'm not interviewer: well just out of curiosity do you have any idea why it was built away from the house like that 741: well uh because of the heat and fire #1 I would imagine # interviewer: #2 heat I # see well what about uh maybe a room built right off the kitchen where a person might store extra dishes or canned 741: #1 pantry # interviewer: #2 goods # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # that would be called a pantry what would what would you call say a uh things that you might keep around maybe for sentimental value but they're really not worth much maybe a broken chair or something like that 741: oh I've got a lot of those interviewer: you'd just say you had a lot of uh 741: junk interviewer: do y'all heard of of people having a separate room in their house where they kept all of that stuff? 741: no interviewer: what'd you what would you do you have any idea what it might be called if uh 741: a separate room interviewer: yeah where they kept #1 all of the # 741: #2 just # for their sentimental #1 type of thing # interviewer: #2 or just # you know things that they didn't want to get rid of or 741: #1 junk room # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 {C: laughing} # interviewer: #2 # let me ask you about this expression so you know sometimes when a woman uh gets up early in the morning she might uh go around the house straighten up something here or dust a little something there what would you say she's doing when she uh she does that sort of thing or what would you say you were doing if you did something like that 741: I'd say I was straightening up interviewer: straightening around you ever heard it put any other way? 741: not really I'm sure I I probably have but {D: S} we just very seldom talk about doing h- #1 a little housewifely chores is not what our usual conversation # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 {C: laughs} # interviewer: #2 {C: laughs} # do you ever hear of people saying tidying up or #1 anything like that # 741: #2 uh yes # uh-huh tidying up interviewer: well when do your when you're cleaning this thing that you sweep with that's a 741: the broom interviewer: have you ever seen one uh that was built uh other than the usual banner you know something or other that the in the long wood handle you ever see one that was old fashioned made entirely out of that greenish trunk 741: only in restorations interviewer: well let me ask you about this expression say if uh I were to if I were looking for the broom and uh it was in the corner and the door was open so that I couldn't see the broom you would tell me that the broom is in relation to the door it's 741: behind the door interviewer: do you ever hear of people say uh anything like was in back of the door 741: mm-mm interviewer: well let's say if you had uh you know you got all your dirty clothes and all of this uh I don't know if it's it's true nowadays but they used to I believe that women set aside undies for doing 741: #1 wash day # interviewer: #2 you know # wash day they would they would just say that they had to do their 741: washing interviewer: do their washing is there anything else that that might be 741: #1 or laundry # interviewer: #2 called # or a laundry 741: either one I'd I think I say laundry more than I do washing it's just sort of interchangeable but I do I think I do say doing the laundry but actually I don't do it very often {X} got help that {C: laughing} #1 does it so # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: I don't interviewer: yeah 741: I g- I think I say laundry more than I do washing interviewer: well is that is that uh true that uh what I was saying about make these having been wash day have you ever heard that or 741: it was years ago so I understand but I think most of us with automatic washers uh wash constantly particularly if you have many children interviewer: do you happen to know of uh uh any other days that that at one time in the past were set aside for other specific chores you ever heard of anything like that 741: mostly from reading I think although uh I can remember years back that uh that we did have specific days that the laundry was done and uh they would wash on Monday and iron on Tuesday and that sort of thing but really and truly with the way most people would share help uh you washed on the day the maid came whatever day that happened to be at least that's when my mother my mother did I'm sure that people that had full time help now my mother had full time help for a while well most of the years I think but uh and so did my grandmother but sometimes they would share a maid and when they did it was whatever day that the maid came interviewer: you were talking about the outside steps a few minutes ago now the ones inside that you go #1 up to # 741: #2 the stairway # interviewer: call that the stairway and you were talking 741: #1 or the stairs # interviewer: #2 about # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # yeah you were talking about the porch too have you ever heard people around here call that anything besides just the porch 741: I've heard some people call it a stoop interviewer: stoop now would that be uh would that uh it'd be called a stoop according to a particular size or would what you know 741: #1 I I don't don't # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: really know it's just something I've heard people call it interviewer: I see do you ever hear it called the gallery or anything? {X} 741: heard verandas but those were usually the wide porches that wrapped around the houses or at least went the length it was not just a little bitty step thing that I've got out there {D: I just don't know} know what to call that uh it's just just really just a place just to stand on but if you have a big porch it's called a porch or a veranda but that was the older people that had verandas #1 it's kind of # interviewer: #2 well what about # 741: long since gone by interviewer: well what about uh something like that except on a an upper 741: #1 the balcony # interviewer: #2 {X} # that would be the let me ask you about this expression say if I had a walk in the room and left the door open and you didn't want it to stay like that you'd probably tell me to do what 741: close the door interviewer: close the door you ever heard people say anything else? 741: shut the door interviewer: shut the door why why would you say close and not shut is that uh 741: #1 I probably would # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: say shut I have a line in the play that says close the door so I just said close the door sometimes I'd say eith- either one it's interchangeable interviewer: you know on the the outside of a a frame houses the boards that overlap each other kinda like this you know what I'm talking about you ever heard that called anything particular 741: siding interviewer: siding would that be the same thing as as what some people might call weatherboarding have you ever heard of that? and they're a CB radio: {X} interviewer: you ever heard flat board? 741: well yes I think I CB radio: {X} 741: when I said that the house I grew up in was a a clapboard house interviewer: that's a and that's what I was describing that type of uh {D: prophylactic extractor} 741: that's that's what I see in my mind's eye when I hear the word clapboard clapboard interviewer: and uh the part of the house the top part that covers everything you'd call 741: #1 the roof # interviewer: #2 that # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # you know right at the edge of the roof some houses have these uh things uh that will run up the edge they carry off the rainwater you know what that's called 741: yes I'm having a mental blank again uh we have uh oh pooey oh I'll think of it I'm just having a mental blank interviewer: okay well 741: #1 uh # interviewer: #2 we'll come # interviewer: I'll come back 741: #1 advanced # interviewer: #2 to it # 741: senility interviewer: well what about uh you know some houses have different slopes to the roof the at the part where the different slopes meet kinda like that have you ever heard that called anything in particular place where different slopes of a roof meet 741: oh yes uh I'm having another mental lapse just the where the pitch of the roof is at the height right that's what you're talking about interviewer: well uh not exactly say if uh well this would be the lowest point right here where my hands are touching you would these would be the different slopes you know like so and then they meet in places like this 741: right yeah I know the name of that and I can't think of it either interviewer: well have you ever heard it called a valley? 741: no interviewer: never heard it called 741: #1 no # interviewer: #2 that # 741: but there's a there is a name for it cause I remember what a hassle we had with it when we had to when we were getting this roof put on and we talked about it at length and now I can't remember what it was what we what we called it interviewer: well talking about those things that uh carry all the rain water were you thinking gutters? 741: uh we gutters right is used uh drain pipes interviewer: now are those gutters usually built into the edge or suspended or what 741: they're attached onto right to the edge of the roof interviewer: you have 'em on this house? 741: we call 'em something else too I don't can't think of what it is interviewer: what about a t- maybe a little building that you might have uh behind your house or say on a farm or wherever you might keep uh 741: toolshed interviewer: toolshed 741: #1 if that's what you're thinking # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: uh or toolhouse we call it toolhouse toolshed uh mostly interviewer: what about you know in the days before you had indoor plumbing 741: #1 the outhouse? # interviewer: #2 people would # yeah you ever heard it called anything besides out- 741: #1 oh # interviewer: #2 house # 741: heavens yes let's see I think there's about a jillion words for it {C: interviewer laughing} if I can think of any of 'em I only knew of one person that really had one I can't think of any of 'em right now interviewer: perhaps just called outdoor toilet 741: #1 they're just outhouses # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: just the outhouse that was that's the main thing that it's called is the outhouse and there's something else too that they're c- they're always talking about knocking 'em over that was the that was the big trick on Halloween is to #1 go out and knock over # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: people's outhouses interviewer: right pretty diabolical 741: #1 oh isn't that horrible # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: but I can't think what else they called 'em they had lots of names for that just all kinds of names for 'em interviewer: was it privy or 741: yeah privy if you can think of some of 'em I can tell you whether they're used around here or not I've heard lots of words used interviewer: uh-huh you ever heard it called a necessary? 741: yes I have but I've heard indoor ones called a necessary interviewer: that right 741: mm-hmm interviewer: the john 741: oh yeah {D: everybody has} that's inside or #1 outside # interviewer: #2 inside # or outside 741: anywhere interviewer: I don't know if you know anything about farms or not 741: not too much but I do know {C: interviewer laughing} I do know a little bit interviewer: okay well I just wanna ask you uh some questions about it uh if you don't know the answer that's okay um w- you know just to start off what about some names of uh buildings that you would find on a typical farm around here 741: there'd be the barn the stables the uh corrals the pens uh mostly what I know about are h- are horse farms I can tell you a lot about horse farms I've you know with #1 that being # interviewer: #2 sure # 741: you know uh there you'll find well actually at Delta farm they've actually got a a track that they work the horses on they have paddocks interviewer: now what is that? 741: a paddock is a small corral it holds one one horse usually they keep the studs in the in the paddocks usually now a paddock can be quite large it's like a corral w- corral is more of a western word and paddock is more horse language racehorse language uh and the uh oh what are all the the terminology that they use yearlings and weanlings and studs and and uh then they have uh the actual stables where they have the horses in training then they have the mare barns they have the breeding barns they have tack rooms where they keep all of the leather goods and things like that that they use to ride the horses train the horses breed the horses take care of 'em whatever manager's office the farm house uh quite often in most mo- a lot of these farms around here even horse farms or cattle farms or whatever they'll have a a storm shelter or a s- a storm cellar they call it interviewer: do you have trouble with 741: #1 tornadoes # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: tornadoes are terrible around here anything else you wanna know about a horse farm {C: interviewer laughing} {X} interviewer: well let's see might as well go ahead and ask you about this uh that noise that a horse makes you 741: #1 whinny # interviewer: #2 know # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # call that a whinny 741: nicker #1 whinny # interviewer: #2 and nicker # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # means the same thing? 741: does to me a nicker usually I think of would be a shorter whinny being a l- something loud and long and shrill and a nicker just being a little little sound sometimes kind of a little affectionate sound but a a whinny can be pretty loud interviewer: what if you were going to uh get your horse uh ready to ride all that stuff that 741: #1 the grooming # interviewer: #2 you have to # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # or you'd say when you put all that on you'd say you were going to your horse uh 741: saddle? interviewer: saddle or CB radio: {X} 741: no I can't think of anything else CB radio: {X} interviewer: maybe harness at all? 741: not not harness not to #1 ride that way # interviewer: #2 what would # that mean? 741: well I guess you could harness to me when you put a horse in a harness see or a you're gonna uh hitch up a wagon to him or you're gonna hitch up a plow to him a harness usually at least to me denotes a very long reins and lots of other trappings on him besides just the light little bridle and and saddle that you would for either pleasure riding or for racing harness is usually pretty heavy duty equipment interviewer: what about the things that you put your feet in when you 741: #1 stirrups # interviewer: #2 ride # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # and those things that go on the horse's feet to protect 'em 741: #1 what # interviewer: #2 call those # 741: the shoes? interviewer: shoes 741: horseshoes interviewer: have you ever heard of people around here playing games with those things? 741: oh sure they play horseshoes interviewer: do they ever would they say pitching 741: #1 pitch horseshoes # interviewer: #2 horseshoes # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # and what about uh the part of the horse's uh foot that you put the horseshoes on 741: #1 hoof # interviewer: #2 the # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # and with the plural you say 741: hooves interviewer: now getting back to a just a regular farm have you ever heard of any uh building uh that a farm would use to store some kind of grain in 741: silo interviewer: you'd call it a silo any anything 741: #1 grain # interviewer: #2 else # 741: elevator interviewer: what about would corn be stored in a silo or 741: #1 oh you're talking about a # interviewer: #2 is that # 741: corn bin interviewer: corn bin 741: mm-hmm interviewer: have you ever heard that called a corn crib? 741: corn crib mm-hmm I've heard of mostly the f- th- farms I've been on they call 'em bins corn crib is is an old word but it's not one that I really hear associated with modern any kind of modern far- farming interviewer: any sort of building uh that might be used for storing grain called a granary you ever heard of that? 741: I've heard the word grainery but I I haven't heard it referred to as any specific building interviewer: well what about the part of the barn where uh the hay might be kept 741: #1 hayloft # interviewer: #2 in # hayloft 741: mm-hmm and I don't think I've ever heard it called anything but a hayloft or just a loft interviewer: you know sometimes when the upper part of the {X} before he bales it it might be piled up in these big things 741: #1 the big stacks # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: the haystacks I don't think we ever see haystacks anymore interviewer: is that right is it all baled now or 741: #1 it's all # interviewer: #2 uh # 741: baled by these big baling machines and uh in fact now they're going into the great huge rolls of it #1 so that we don't see hay stacks anymore we see great huge hay rolls # interviewer: #2 yeah yeah right # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: uh but course now we for our farm we still get the bales of hay and they just they just bale it right out there in the fields and they just leave the bales just sitting there and then you come along with your truck and pick 'em up and and stack 'em interviewer: can you remember the last time you saw a haystack? 741: yeah in Europe {C: laughing} interviewer: oh really 741: yeah {C: interviewer laughing} uh interviewer: what about around here? 741: seems to me like there is a farm back way back in the back woods uh we were moving a mare I think down to Delta farm that's down in {D: Okolona} and it seems to me like one of those farms way back there in the woods had a haystack but that's to me the only time I can even remember seeing and I mean they baled hay around here for at least what I've seen for as long as I can remember interviewer: could you describe the shape of it very briefly? what you would think of as a haystack? 741: the shape of it well it's kind of shaped like a cone slightly fatter than a cone more uneven interviewer: did you happen to know whether uh those things have a pole running up through the middle of 'em have you ever 741: #1 I would assume # interviewer: #2 heard of that # 741: that they do but I don't really know I've never seen one up close I w- I would think that they do interviewer: now used to what the farmer would bring in his hay from the field he would usually put it in a wagon and it would have this type of wooden thing right on the sides of the wagon that would uh support the hay know what I'm talking 741: #1 mm-mm # interviewer: #2 about # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # you ever heard that piece they call it a hay rack on a wagon 741: #1 no you're you're you're getting here # interviewer: #2 {D: not particularly} # 741: {D: yourself} interviewer: okay any particular terms you've ever heard a small piles of hay just raked up in the field? 741: mm-mm interviewer: are you familiar with the word {D: winnows} 741: no I'm not I'm not {X} have very little farm #1 background # interviewer: #2 that's # okay that's alright there I just wanna ask you the questions to see if you have heard of 'em or what about the shelter other than the barn or uh storing hay might consist of say four poles and some sort of roof that the hay average bale would be put under 741: mm-hmm I don't know what that would be called I kn- I know what you mean but I interviewer: so you've seen them around 741: #1 I've seen # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: most people put their hay in barns again mainly cause we've got such strong winds and and um when the rain comes in it blows it and it would be n- it wouldn't be too uh it would rot you know if it gets wet and most people do keep 'em in barns where they're enclosed all the way around you would only put it out that would unless you're talking about a feeding area where they would put the #1 the hay out # interviewer: #2 {D: now wouldn't} # yeah 741: the hay out in these little racks uh they'd have little roofs over 'em and the livestock will come up and and eat from 'em but I've never seen 'em really leave 'em there like you do in a in a hayloft or a barn interviewer: is there any uh place where a farmer might keep his cows inside so even bad weather or just put 'em in the 741: they just stay outside I hear they d- {C: laughing} really do they d- they don't freeze or anything so they oh we have very little really bad freezing weather interviewer: have you ever heard of anything called a cow barn? around here 741: sure {C: doorbell} but they I don't do I don't believe they really keep cows in 'em they might Mike I want you to meet mister Basset and this is my son Mike interviewer: #1 how you doing # Aux: #2 mister Basset # interviewer: #1 # Aux: #2 # interviewer: glad to meet you 741: #1 from # Aux: #2 sir # 741: Alabama and what's the name of the institution you're with? interviewer: well I'm working with Emory 741: #1 Emory University # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: #1 working on # interviewer: #2 sure am # 741: your master's or your doctorate? interviewer: PhD 741: wonderful it's uh he's a linguist Mike interviewer: trying to be not quite there yet so you had trouble with your car #1 out there # Aux: #2 oh # yes was terrible 741: it sure is it's bad now speaking of this is very interesting his speech has changed considerably since he's been in school in New Hampshire #1 he's # interviewer: #2 is that right # 741: very embarrassed about our Arkansas heritage {C: interviewer laughing} his he thinks that it's really a yo-yo to be a southerner right #1 now so we're hoping that he's going to outgrow that {C: interviewer laughing} # Aux: #2 {X} # 741: #1 {X} # Aux: #2 {X} # 741: he was just horrified with the idea of us coming up to visit him and all of his {D: all of your Yankee friends hearing us Elly May Clampett coming to the Northeast} interviewer: {X} 741: #1 I said # interviewer: #2 {X} # {X} {X} Aux: {D: my god} almost 741: but they all say Mike sounds like a Yankee now everybody down #1 here # Aux: #2 every # body down here thinks it's absurd 741: Mike you sound like a Yankee Aux: my 741: #1 in fact they won't even call him # Aux: #2 father {X} # 741: Mike they call him Michael up there because Mike is is a Aux: #1 derogatory term # 741: #2 derogatory # term Aux: #1 to the Irish up there # interviewer: #2 yeah yeah # 741: mm-hmm interviewer: oh yeah oh yeah Aux: gonna have something to drink I walk home walked home 741: mm-kay interviewer: oh let's see oh yeah what about uh any any particular name for the place where a farmer would milk his cows that you've ever heard of 741: milking they have milking barns milking sheds interviewer: well what about uh the place where a farmer would keep his hogs that would be the 741: pig pen interviewer: pig pen do you know if most of those uh that you know about were they open or was some was there some kind of shelter or enclosure 741: only times I've ever seen pigs they've been out just out in the in a pen and I d- I don't them think that they probably did have some sort of sheltered area but I'm I'm really not that's just not my field interviewer: yeah well what about uh say a uh a farm in which the uh the farmer raised cattle exclusively for milk and butter that sort of thing you'd call 741: #1 the dairy # interviewer: #2 that # 741: dairy farmer interviewer: is there anything else that you would use the word dairy in reference to 741: just dairy #1 products # interviewer: #2 dairy # products 741: milk eggs I mean not eggs but milk and you know all that butter and interviewer: what a what about a processing plant that 741: #1 I'd # interviewer: #2 uh # 741: call it a dairy yeah interviewer: dairy too have you ever heard of uh a place uh this would be used years ago before refrigeration uh where a farmer might take his milk and his butter you know things that were perishable 741: mm-hmm interviewer: maybe to uh a place where he had running water and put 'em in the water to keep 'em 741: #1 I've heard of # interviewer: #2 cool # 741: that uh-huh interviewer: no particular name 741: #1 no uh oh # interviewer: #2 as far as you can remember # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: well yes I have too if I could think of it actually where I think I heard of it was at the territorial restoration in Little Rock uh hmm there's rings a bell some where but I I don't really I've never known anyone that actually did it but I have heard of it interviewer: have you ever heard of people putting it down a well 741: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 to keep it # cool 741: mm-hmm interviewer: were you thinking of springhouse or 741: #1 springhouse right # interviewer: #2 something like that # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: #1 I've heard of a springhouse # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # well what about the place on the barn the barn on the farm uh maybe around the barn an open place where the cattle might walk Auxiliary 1: He'd probably try to get in touch with me in the next few days 741: Well I hope so hope he hasn't absconded with the files why he would I #1 can't imagine. # Auxiliary 1: #2 Why I have # no idea why he would 741: #1 Mike # Auxiliary 1: #2 sir # 741: is managing my father's rent property this #1 summer. # Auxiliary 1: #2 Yeah a # slumlord 741: He yeah that's the truth. and uh so the guy that's been managing it I g- was he a college student you suppose? #1 well anyway we # Auxiliary 1: #2 I guess. # 741: can't he seems to have left and we can't find him and he's got the files and the #1 keys and the # interviewer: #2 Oh great. # 741: everything and interviewer: {X} Auxiliary 1: It is. but he wasn't too worried about it so 741: Dick wasn't worried. #1 about it? # Auxiliary 1: #2 No. # 741: Okay. {C: distorted audio} Auxiliary 1: Not at all. 741: You wanna stay and listen? Auxiliary 1: I think I will listen a little bit. interviewer: mm-kay I was asking you uh you know about the the place around uh the barn where the cattle might just 741: #1 Mill around. # interviewer: #2 walk around. # Yeah that kind of thing you ever heard that called anything 741: #1 Like # interviewer: #2 particular # 741: the barnyard. interviewer: Barnyard sure you ever heard it called a lot? 741: A lot? interviewer: mm-hmm 741: Heard a lot of things called a lot I'm not that in area in specific interviewer: I see 741: Specifically. interviewer: what about the place where your your cows might graze you'd call that the 741: Pasture. interviewer: when when you think of pasture do you think of that as being fenced in or open or what 741: Definitely fenced in. interviewer: fenced in what what type of of fencing would uh probably be around a pasture? 741: barbed wire most of the time around here interviewer: do you know of any other type of wire fence in used in this area? 741: yes they'd what what is that called I've forgotten what #1 that stuff is called oh well they # Auxiliary 1: #2 they use chicken wire # 741: use chicken wire but not for not #1 for uh for cows # Auxiliary 1: #2 not for cows # or anything like that um 741: they have a some kind of mesh type of fence that's good they use a lot now using more and more of it because the barb- the barbed wire is uh you know it would hurt scratches the they get infections and all kinds of stuff from it I don't know what it's what it's really called they're using more and more of it though interviewer: well in the days before uh wire fencing became uh uh used any other type of fence that uh might have possibly been used around the pasture or 741: probably those those cross stick things whatever they are I don't know split rail interviewer: rail fence? 741: might have been I ha- really have I'm that's a guess #1 I have no idea # Auxiliary 1: #2 well considering that # 741: #1 # Auxiliary 1: #2 # barbed wire came in in eighteen sixty-eight or something like that that's been used use has been widespread since then I don't know it'd be hard to remember I doubt anybody around here's ever seen 741: #1 well Arkadelphia # Auxiliary 1: #2 anything else # 741: was settled in eighteen thirty-six so they must have had some sort of fencing before that they had mostly plantations well I believe at that #1 time I think came # interviewer: #2 do you ever see any uh # rail fences around here are there any left? 741: well I say rail fences but they're new rail fences #1 they're they're # interviewer: #2 I see # 741: not uh and they're not they're used for show they're not used to #1 keep anything in you know # interviewer: #2 right right # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # have you ever seen the rail fence of the type that was constructed so it zigzagged? 741: #1 mm-hmm oh yeah I j- # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: I love those I th I think they're really charming but they're again they're usually they're usually for show they're not for interviewer: not really 741: #1 not really # interviewer: #2 functional # 741: for function everybody farmers that I know of just you know they have just the regular pole and wire you know just to interviewer: do you know if uh any cotton is raised in this area? 741: quite a bit interviewer: is that right 741: there used to be more than there is now cause they've got a lot in soybeans and rice and things like that interviewer: do you happen to know about any of the work that's done in raising cotton 741: just picking it #1 all I know # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: {NW} interviewer: what's well do you know what people mean when they talk about chopping cotton? 741: right they're chopping leaves #1 out o- # interviewer: #2 chopping # 741: #1 out of the # interviewer: #2 leaves # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # any any types of weeds in particular that you have trouble around 741: #1 I'm # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: sure they do I just don't know what they are. interviewer: Johnson grass maybe or 741: probably any anything we have Johnson grass you got Johnson grass? interviewer: {X} 741: #1 you called it Jonathan? # Auxiliary 1: #2 he said Johnson # 741: #1 oh he said Johnson # Auxiliary 1: #2 {X} # interviewer: #1 {X} # Auxiliary 1: #2 he said Johnson # 741: I thought he said Jonathan #1 grass and that was a # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: new one on me interviewer: strange new variety do you have kudzu in this area? 741: I think that's what we have over there at Henderson of ga- of by the #1 those # Auxiliary 1: #2 pardon # 741: vines #1 that are growing all over the trees # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # Auxiliary 1: I have no idea 741: it's I think that's kudzu I've seen kudzu #1 before growing all over # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: the trees. Auxiliary 1: I have no idea 741: it's I think that's kudzu I've seen kudzu #1 before and I believe they have # interviewer: #2 it's it's getting ready # to take over in my part of the #1 country # 741: #2 is that # right? interviewer: really 741: I believe there's some right over up uh along the highway over there I believe #1 Henderson # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: does have some Auxiliary 1: I think they tried to kill it all off and I think they got it 741: #1 you think they got it? # Auxiliary 1: #2 I don't know # can't remember 741: well they still I think it's still there interviewer: well what about the place where a farmer's uh cotton or corn would grow you'd call that a 741: field interviewer: and what about something uh oh maybe where you would grow peas maybe something like a field but possibly smaller 741: you're talking about a pea patch interviewer: patch yeah so there is a you do distinguish between a field and a patch 741: well I don't really but I've heard s- #1 pea patch # interviewer: #2 yeah # do you do you think of a patch as being smaller than a field? 741: I would yes I yeah I would interviewer: #1 {X} # 741: #2 But you # see what I would think of it you know as small gardening so I would consider it a garden interviewer: I see 741: and I think most people call it a garden I don't think most people call 'em a patch I have heard of a pea patch but most people just talk about their vegetable garden or their garden and that's usually a small as differenti- you know differentiating from uh a large huge area where they really grow it for selling on a mass scale interviewer: to get back to fences for just a minute have you ever seen this type of fence uh that's uh well people usually have around their yards or their gardens that's usually painted white 741: picket #1 fence # interviewer: #2 picket # fence #1 Is that # 741: #2 Not # too many of 'em around here but #1 I j- # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: we they used to have more than they do now interviewer: well what about talking about barbed wire fences these things that you would uh string the wire across when you're putting up the fence those would be the 741: the poles that's all I call {C: background noise} #1 it fence poles # Auxiliary 1: #2 I got it # 741: #1 # Auxiliary 1: #2 # interviewer: yeah you mean with this thing that uh would be used for for digging the holes for those 741: #1 post hole digger # interviewer: #2 things post # {NW} 741: that's what they call P-H-Ds around here you know interviewer: probably not a bad 741: #1 no we just had a this # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: one man just really used to tease a friend of ours that has a P-H-D and he was always calling him a post hole digger interviewer: yeah are there any uh walls or fences around here made out of loose stone or rock or anything like that? 741: there probably are I haven't I haven't seen the ruins of 'em I know there are some that have been built lately interviewer: what would uh you say that your best dishes are made out of 741: China. interviewer: you ever seen an egg made out of something like that that the farmer might use to try to fool a hen into laying 741: no I haven't interviewer: never heard of that? never heard of a nest egg or a 741: I've heard of a nest egg but I thought that was money interviewer: could be yeah or an artificial some kind of artificial egg 741: #1 no a nest egg to # interviewer: #2 that would be uh # 741: me simply means that's some amount of money you've got set aside #1 for # interviewer: #2 I see # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # what about if you were uh going out to the barn or wherever to milk your cows the thing that you would take with you to catch the milk in 741: um pail interviewer: call that a #1 pail # 741: #2 but I'd # really call it a bucket you think of a milking pail but uh if it were not being used to milk I would call it a bucket interviewer: well are bucket and pail the same thing to you then? 741: mm-hmm interviewer: what do you usually think of as being made of? 741: heavens some sort of metal um I guess it wouldn't be aluminum must be tin interviewer: have you ever heard of uh any kind of bucket that uh that might have been kept around uh the kitchen to throw scraps in for the hogs 741: oh gosh {C: laughing} that sounds gross Auxiliary 1: what 741: he said some kind of bucket that's kept around the the kitchen to throw scra- {D: oh} throw scraps for the hogs interviewer: real depravity around here never heard of uh a slop bucket? 741: a s- yes I've heard of a slop bucket but a slop bucket well I now I that's a slop jar {X} okay #1 you know what we're talking about # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: I've heard of a slop jar uh slop bucket yeah #1 I've a- # interviewer: #2 gotta slop # the hogs you heard that 741: oh yeah heard of slopping the hogs right I've heard {D: Emmet} calling the hogs too I've even ev- I've even heard a woman do it interviewer: oh yeah we get into that 741: #1 yeah # interviewer: #2 I'll ask you # about that 741: okay interviewer: what about uh uh this thing that you would use to fry eggs fry 741: skillet interviewer: like that you ever heard that called anything besides skillet? 741: frying pan interviewer: frying pan you ever heard any anything like that that was used uh years ago uh in the fireplace actually cooking in the fireplace might had legs 741: oh I've seen those but I don't know what they're called I I've seen 'em in restorations I've never seen anybody do it interviewer: well what about these uh containers that you would put cut flowers in uh you would call 741: #1 a vase # interviewer: #2 that # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # now the things that the flower would grow in that wouldn't be a vase but a Auxiliary 1: flowerpot 741: yeah flowerpot {C: laughing} #1 Oh yeah # interviewer: #2 flower # pot would you would you keep any flowerpots inside your house or would that uh 741: a lot of people do but I I ha- have very few I do have one or two interviewer: what about uh the names of the utensils that you eat with just at an ordinary meal you have your 741: you're talking about knives forks spoons interviewer: mm-hmm that's what 741: serving pieces silver {D: with those} we usually refer to it silv- as silver although we use stainless steel every day interviewer: talking about a meal after you get through with the meal uh uh what you have to do to get your dishes clean 741: #1 wash the dishes # interviewer: #2 you say you're gonna # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # and to remove the excess soap you then 741: rinse 'em interviewer: what about that um that cloth that you use when you're #1 washing dishes. # 741: #2 A washcloth. # interviewer: #1 # 741: #2 # interviewer: and the one that you use to dry 741: dish towel. interviewer: dish towel what about the ones about that size that you might use to bathe your face when you're taking a bath 741: washcloth interviewer: and the bigger one that you #1 dry off with. # 741: #2 Towel. # interviewer: #1 # 741: #2 # interviewer: if uh well in your kitchen over your sink the thing that the water comes out of what do you call 741: #1 faucet # interviewer: #2 that # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # now what if it were outside you 741: #1 faucet # interviewer: #2 know # still a faucet you've probably seen these big uh portable water containers that uh well sometimes when men work out on the highway they'll have 'em you know the water supply there's usually a little button or some kind of thing that you can press and the water will come out of it 741: Oh spigot. #1 is that what you're looking for? # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: Okay. interviewer: say uh let me ask you about this expression if you turn on your water one morning in the winter but nothing came out you might say well 741: #1 the pipes # interviewer: #2 the pipes # 741: are frozen interviewer: and sometimes they actually when they 741: break interviewer: right you ever heard of people say well the pipes must have uh any other way of saying it besides break? the pipes Auxiliary 1: burst is what he's looking 741: #1 burst # Auxiliary 1: #2 for # yeah 741: no we'd say break I think {C: laughing} interviewer: what about uh oh a long time ago if uh you were buying a large amount of flour you have any idea what they might uh come in? 741: flour sacks interviewer: sack or 741: mm-hmm interviewer: what about this these these big wooden things with staves and all that you'd call that 741: barrels? interviewer: is there anything uh like a barrel except smaller I think uh nails used to be packed 741: #1 keg # interviewer: #2 into 'em # keg what about this uh metal thing that goes around the barrel to keep the staves in place what'd you call that 741: I don't call it I don't know what it's called {C: laughing} interviewer: you never heard of people call it barrel hoop or anything like that? 741: #1 no # interviewer: #2 not # familiar with that 741: you had one? Auxiliary 1: oh yeah I have yes interviewer: what about if uh if you wanted to buy a say a large amount of of water uh do you have any idea {X} Auxiliary 1: {X} interviewer: may not be familiar with but uh do you have any idea what that might have come in 741: I have no I don't huh-uh interviewer: you never heard of people talk about a stand a lard you're not 741: #1 no # interviewer: #2 familiar # Auxiliary 1: never heard that interviewer: say if you wanted to uh pour some liquid into a small mouth bottle the thing that you would 741: #1 funnel # interviewer: #2 use # you'd use a funnel and this thing that you people used to use when they were uh when they had buggies you know they'd crack around the horses ears 741: #1 a buggy whip # interviewer: #2 to make 'em # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # uh if you were going to the grocery to 741: now I know about going to #1 the grocery store # interviewer: #2 okay # 741: I know all about {C: laughing} going to the grocery store. interviewer: after you make your purchase the the grocer puts your uh things in a 741: Sack. interviewer: what is that usually made out of 741: paper interviewer: any other type of sack you could have uh uh made of anything other than paper that 741: #1 like a plastic # interviewer: #2 might be # 741: bag or something else interviewer: or say something maybe that uh say potatoes would be you know packaged in what would you call that potatoes or fertilizer or uh Auxiliary 1: oats interviewer: peanuts or oats or something Auxiliary 1: like in burlap 741: oh like tow sacks oh interviewer: is that what you'd call that? 741: I call it that's what I call a tow sack I don't buy #1 potatoes in 'em # Auxiliary 1: #2 call 'em burlap # burlap bag or burlap sacks interviewer: some kind of heavy coarse 741: burlap or feed s- just feed sacks but they're quite often made out of paper too heavy paper interviewer: have you ever heard a a tow sack called anything else? 741: the tow sack? interviewer: just 741: that's that's all I've #1 ever heard it # interviewer: #2 {X} # people in our part of country #1 call it? # 741: #2 nuh-uh # interviewer: say croker sacks. 741: #1 oh really # Auxiliary 1: #2 I've # heard of that yeah 741: have you heard of I haven't heard of it just tow sack is all I have #1 ever heard that called # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 feed there # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: feed sacks and tow sacks and feed sacks are flour what was it they used to have these flour mills a flour sacks that people would make dresses out of and sheets #1 out of # interviewer: #2 right # 741: and dolls #1 out of # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: I can remember that having been but that was a finer type of material than a tow sack tow sack is a burlap bag interviewer: I see 741: to us interviewer: well I hate to leave the grocery but have you ever heard of say if a farmer had to take some corn to the mill the amount that he would take at one time have you ever heard any uh designation for that just the amount that he could take at 741: #1 like bushels or # Auxiliary 1: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # Auxiliary 1: #2 # 741: or bushels or truckloads or uh interviewer: have you ever heard uh people talk about a turn of corn as maybe as meaning an amount that he could take at one time what about this uh if this burned out right here this thing that you have 741: #1 the light bulb # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # if you were going outside to hang up your clothes to dry what would you probably carry them out in 741: oh just a clothes basket interviewer: now this thing that uh if you were bottling some liquid a thing that you might stick in the mouth of the bottle to keep the liquid from spilling out that would be a 741: stopper {X} Auxiliary 1: {X} I mean when you're pouring it in or when interviewer: oh no after you Auxiliary 1: #1 oh okay # interviewer: #2 {X} # the thing that you #1 {X} # 741: #2 Yes stopper. # interviewer: what would that be made out of? 741: well cork I g- I guess interviewer: {X} 741: I've never bottled any liquid but I would {X} if I were bottling wine I would use a cork stopper interviewer: now what about uh these things there they're musical instruments so you can play 'em you know like so with your mouth move 'em back and forth 741: oh yeah uh harmonica interviewer: ever heard that called anything else? 741: Jew's harp Auxiliary 1: oh it's not a Jew's harp mouth organ 741: mouth organ Auxiliary 1: #1 mouth organ. # 741: #2 {X} # interviewer: Jew's harp and a harmonica are different? 741: I have no #1 idea # Auxiliary 1: #2 they are different # 741: #1 # Auxiliary 1: #2 # 741: are they di- I didn't know that Auxiliary 1: make a much different sound I'm not quite sure you play 'em both with your mouth but a Jew's harp you 741: harmonica's what I've heard most Auxiliary 1: you sort of pluck a Jew's harp 741: oh do oh that's right somebody told me that okay interviewer: have you ever heard a harmonica called a French harp? 741: yeah I sure have but I haven't heard that in golly I have heard that but it's been many a year interviewer: do you remember if you heard it from an older person #1 or? # 741: #2 It must've # been it just you know way back in my youth that seems like a French harp right I think like my grandfather would talk about a French harp I'm sure he did yeah whoa been a long time interviewer: well could you tell me uh a few of the common tools that you might have around the house to do yardwork or minor repairs or something like that 741: rakes and hammers and edgers and clippers and what do we nah Auxiliary 1: #1 saw sometimes # 741: #2 {X} # #1 Sometimes hatchets # Auxiliary 1: #2 wrenches # 741: #1 # Auxiliary 1: #2 # 741: wrenches and pliers just old common ordinary type of things interviewer: what do you know about wagons is there anything 741: #1 wagons # interviewer: #2 {NW} # {NW} 741: #1 you're # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: what you're gonna show in this study is the the sublime ignorance of #1 of people who don't # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: live on farms about what go what goes on in interviewer: do you happen to know what that long uh wooden piece is called that goes between the horses? 741: the tongue interviewer: now what about a kind of buggy the things that you would back the horse between 741: oh yeah mm-hmm I should know that I can't think of it though doesn't come to me interviewer: you ever hear heard it called shavs buddy shavs 741: hmm-mm I'm not sure I've ever heard it called but may have interviewer: well getting back to the wagon uh you know what the traces are on a wagon have you ever heard that these uh chain like things anyway that uh attach 741: oh yeah interviewer: do you know what those the the thing is called that the traces come back and attach to it's kind of a horizontal block like thing that you ever heard 741: oh uh no I mean I #1 I know I have # interviewer: #2 what were you about to # say 741: well I I don't know #1 I g- # interviewer: #2 oh # 741: uh but I I have it the thing that turns interviewer: yeah yeah you ever heard it called a singletree? 741: nuh-uh interviewer: you haven't heard singletree I guess you haven't heard of doubletree either 741: no interviewer: {NW} okay. what about let me ask you about this expression say if you saw a man uh riding by in his wagon and he had uh a load of wood and a little while later he came back it was empty and shortly afterwards he came back with another load and this went on you know for a pretty long time what would you say he was doing? 741: he was carrying wood interviewer: have you ever heard people use the expression hauling wood 741: hauling yes sure interviewer: well what about uh uh you mentioned plow a minute ago you happen to know the name of the type of plow that was used for breaking the ground uh for planting the first round you ever heard of a turning plow 741: mm-hmm that's what it is? Auxiliary 1: {NW} interviewer: what about uh any other kind of plow that might be used afterwards to break up the ground finer 741: I really d- I Auxiliary 1: Maybe a harrow or something like that? interviewer: yeah you heard of a harrow 741: yes but I didn't know what it was interviewer: what about one thing I meant to ask you when we're talking about wagons the thing that the wagon wheels turn 741: #1 the axle # interviewer: #2 on what'd you call # that or talking about the wagon wheel again the uh in the middle you have the hub you know 741: #1 mm-hmm and spokes # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 coming out from # interviewer: #2 yeah spokes # come out from the hub 741: #1 and then the rim # interviewer: #2 what would # yeah have you ever heard the term uh uh felly used 741: #1 {X} # Auxiliary 1: #2 {X} # 741: little female horse? interviewer: no no when reference to a wagon wheel 741: a filly? interviewer: a felly felly not filly 741: oh interviewer: felly you haven't heard that? or felloe I think it's called sometimes uh {X} this thing uh uh carpenters use 'em did these on their frames the ends of 'em are kinda shaped like the letter A you know? uh you might use uh a pair of 'em to 741: #1 oh saw horse # interviewer: #2 {X} # sawhorse have you ever seen or heard of anything like that except shaped like the letter X made out of puts a log in the middle of it and saw it off like that 741: mm I've st- I've seen it but I don't know what it's called interviewer: have you ever heard uh you probably sawbuck or 741: I've heard the word sawbuck #1 but I don't # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: I don't associate it with anything interviewer: what about wood rack have you ever heard of that? what about you know when you get up in the morning you go to the bathroom and straighten your hair you might use a comb or a 741: brush interviewer: and you'd just say that you your hair 741: I brushed my hair own hair interviewer: have you do you ever heard of this thing that uh men used to use to uh sharpen their straight razors on you know 741: Razor strap interviewer: razor strap you ever seen those around anymore? 741: I don't think I've ever seen one period Auxiliary 1: #1 {X} # 741: #2 {X} # {D: hey} Auxiliary 1: they still have 'em in barber shops 741: well I don't go to barber shops Auxiliary 1: well I just realized that but interviewer: let me ask you about this expression say uh if uh if a tree had fallen across the road so that you couldn't get by you might say that you need to tie a rope around that thing and see if you can it off? 741: pull it off? interviewer: pull it off or Auxiliary 1: haul it off or something interviewer: haul it off or #1 or maybe # 741: #2 I'd say pull it off # interviewer: #1 # 741: #2 # interviewer: anything else you might say you know uh uh uh maybe drag it off? 741: yeah drag it off interviewer: what about the the past form of that word what would you say? you'd say today I drag it yesterday I 741: I I dragged it interviewer: have you ever heard somebody use the expression well we had to get a piece of rope and snake that log across the road haven't heard that? these things that uh you fire in shotguns most people call 'em shells shotgun shells you have any idea what you would call the things you fire in a pistol or a rifle? 741: what'd you call it a shotgun? Auxiliary 1: no a rifle the ammunition it'll run 741: oh the a- oh the ammunition of a r- shells? interviewer: a shell or 741: um Auxiliary 1: bullets 741: #1 bullets but # interviewer: #2 bullets # 741: mostly shells I hear 'em called I've not or don't they use they don't use shells for rifles? Auxiliary 1: well they do but shells are usually a larger gauge guns #1 but # 741: #2 oh # Auxiliary 1: uh they're shells but they're also bullets in those kind I'd say interviewer: have you ever heard them called cartridges around here? 741: mm-hmm Auxiliary 1: cartridges 741: mm-hmm interviewer: these uh things that I don't know you might have played on when you were when you were little but uh you know kids would get on each side 741: #1 seesaw # interviewer: #2 like # so what did you say you were doing doing that 741: {NW} I don't remember saying that saying that we were doing it interviewer: did did you ever heard people a kid say they're seesawing or 741: #1 seesawing or # interviewer: #2 something like that # Auxiliary 1: #1 it's a verb right # 741: #2 riding # teeter totter or whatever interviewer: well what about the thing you know that goes around uh that you could get on and spin 741: #1 oh yeah those things # interviewer: #2 {X} # anchored in the middle 741: right what are those things called don't remember what they were called flying Jenny? #1 no # Auxiliary 1: #2 yeah # 741: #1 that what # Auxiliary 1: #2 yeah # 741: that thing was flying Jenny interviewer: would that be the same thing as a merry go round Auxiliary 1: #1 we always # 741: #2 no # Auxiliary 1: called it a merry go round 741: it might be called a merry go round? #1 {D: I bet there f-} # Auxiliary 1: #2 Well # 741: flying Jenny a merry go rou- a flying Jenny I think just had if I can remember the the new merry go round things are are kind of a solid piece of wood and have lots of little things on 'em where people can hang on to flying Jennies I don't remember being that elaborate interviewer: yeah well what about the things that are are used they're real common uh uh suspended from a limb of the tree by couple of ropes and 741: #1 the swing # interviewer: #2 you had # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # but was those usually made out of just a plank say or have you ever seen 'em constructed in any other way? 741: bag swing? interviewer: {X} 741: a bag swing interviewer: now what is that 741: oh you're kidding {NW} haven't you ever #1 ridden a bag swing # Auxiliary 1: #2 {NW} # 741: well I g- uh well you can t- take a a tow sack of whatever and they'd fill it up with something sawdust I don't know what they fill it up with {NS} and tie it at the top and have a big heavy rope that comes down and then you get on that bag swing and here you go {NS} but you usually have to start um from something kind of high and you just uh it makes up a seat you just hop on it and it just really really #1 swings # interviewer: #2 just # had a single rope 741: #1 just one rope # interviewer: #2 {X} # one rope 741: mm-hmm interviewer: have you ever seen it made out of tires or 741: tire swing sure interviewer: bag swing no that's new on me 741: oh bag swings are great they are fact course lots of kids get hurt on 'em they had one outside of our church when y'all were I had to go they had to get the choir mothers to come supervise the bag swing because some kid got his arm broken they would get on top of a car or on top of a a Auxiliary 1: {D: they had like a ladder} 741: garage oh top of a ladder? Auxiliary 1: about a ten foot ladder 741: #1 uh-huh and got on top # Auxiliary 1: #2 {X} # 741: of it oo boy and then you just gotta stride it like a horse Auxiliary 1: mm-hmm 741: I said um they're they're great I'm surprised in Alabama they don't have bag swings interviewer: oh we had tire swings but I don't remember any bag swings I don't know well what about uh say if you were uh {D: a purple burning coal} in his stove or something like that uh the container that he might keep his supply of coal in next to the stove you know inside his house have you ever heard that anything like that really called anything in particular? 741: you know around here we just don't have much coal burning I've I've never I've heard of coal bins in the basements and stuff like that but that's from other areas of the country not not from around here interviewer: have you ever heard of a coal stove? 741: yeah but mostly in antique shops interviewer: what does that even look like? 741: well if this is what I think they are uh they're usually but this is if I've got the right thing it's usually made out of something like copper and has a it's round and has kind of it resembles a pitcher a little bit interviewer: well talking about a stove what about the the pipes that that go from the back of the stove up to the uh 741: #1 stove pipe # interviewer: #2 the s- # stove pipe and what about the thing uh the part of the chimney that's goes from that point up to the roof of the house you know you ever heard that called anything in particular? {NS} Auxiliary 1: flue 741: the flue? yeah I guess interviewer: call it a flue or if we were talking about uh tools #1 {X} # 741: #2 oh I am having to # go back in my #1 memory to # interviewer: #2 {NW} # {NW} 741: oh to remember some of these things interviewer: yeah I know what you mean it's rough what about the thing that you might use in the yard to say you could put a lot of dirt in it or something like that has two panels with a wheel 741: wheelbarrow interviewer: wheelbarrow ever heard that called anything else? 741: I'm sure I have wheel bar interviewer: #1 Wheel bar. # 741: #2 {NW} # interviewer: have you ever heard people around here call it a Georgia buggy? 741: huh-uh interviewer: never heard that or say this if you had a a farmer had an ax and he wanted to sharpen it put an edge on it this uh big thing 741: grindstone interviewer: yeah now was that uh have you ever seen the type that was uh foot operated you know pedal operated to make it turn 741: not in real life interviewer: and is a grindstone the same thing as a small one that you can hold in your hand and uh fine in on it 741: I g- I guess I don't know Auxiliary 1: well no actually I think they're called whetstones 741: whetstone Auxiliary 1: the small ones that you use for knives also known as oil stones interviewer: I somebody in Arkansas told me that Arkansas was known for its #1 {X} # Auxiliary 1: #2 well that's true # I was gonna say that 741: really? Auxiliary 1: yeah back there in in the nineteenth #1 century we had we exported # 741: #2 gosh I am just being appallingly ignorant # Auxiliary 1: {NW} whetstones all over the uh country {X} interviewer: well what about uh well the vehicle that I drove up in you'd just call 741: #1 car # interviewer: #2 that # anybody else call it anything 741: everybody around here calls 'em cars Auxiliary 1: automobiles 741: they don't I have never heard 'em to call an automobile I #1 just just call # interviewer: #2 that right # 741: 'em cars. interviewer: well say you uh if your car began to squeak you might drive it to the filling station and tell the attendant to put it up on the rack and do what to it 741: what change the oil? I don't know grease it interviewer: and you got that you took the {D: C three} but you have that stuff all over your hand you'd say that your hands were 741: greasy interviewer: what about the stuff that people used to burn in in lamps uh before you know had electric 741: oil interviewer: is it just called oil? 741: far as I know Auxiliary 1: kerosene 741: kerosene oh yeah they do have kerosene lamps interviewer: was it was it just oil or or coal oil or 741: yeah it probably was interviewer: coal oil? have you ever heard of people making a makeshift lamp or a temporary lamp out of uh a bottle and some kerosene and uh something 741: #1 a wick # interviewer: #2 for a wick # 741: uh yeah I've I've heard of that interviewer: do you know if it was called anything particular? sometimes the response I get to that is oh yeah that's a Molotov cocktail 741: a Molotov cocktail {C: laughing} {NW} alright {C: laughing} yeah no I I don't know interviewer: you ever heard it called a flambeau 741: uh-uh interviewer: have you ever seen these you know 741: #1 that sounds like # interviewer: #2 sometimes # 741: French. Auxiliary 1: it is French interviewer: {X} 741: uh-huh interviewer: these uh little black pots that you see on a place in the road you know that 741: #1 smudge pots # interviewer: #2 is being worked on # smudge pot the the inside part of the tire that inflates you call that the 741: the inner tube interviewer: or say if you had a boat and uh when you take it down to the water and actually put the boat in the water you'd say that you're going to what do you use any particular expression to in referring to actually putting the boat into the #1 water? # 741: #2 Not # like launch. {X} interviewer: launch the boat? 741: uh interviewer: do you say that? 741: I don't say it uh but that's w- the only term that comes to my mind I think they just go s- I I'm trying to think when we go with the lake to the lake with the {X} they just they were going to put the boat in don't they Auxiliary 1: they say launch 741: do they say launch? I never have heard 'em use the word launch Auxiliary 1: probably just didn't notice 741: I know they call it a launching they call it a launching area called a launching pad Auxiliary 1: I'd call 'em ramps 741: ramps interviewer: so what about talking about boats the the type of boat that you would use oars with what did people 741: #1 row boats # interviewer: #2 call that # call that a row boat? is that usually a s- uh a flat bottomed uh type of thing or is it 741: yeah I guess it is kind of flat bottomed yeah #1 row buggies # Auxiliary 1: #2 pointed and wide # interviewer: has anybody ever said skull? Auxiliary 1: no I haven't I haven't 741: I had never heard of that 'til you went to France last summer interviewer: I've heard people around here call it a john boat that ring a bell? Auxiliary 1: {X} 741: row boat's all I've I've ever heard of interviewer: are the ends of it flat too or kind of are they tapered or what 741: #1 it seems # Auxiliary 1: #2 for # 741: to me like the front's tapered and the back's straight across Auxiliary 1: I got it it's probably {X} interviewer: you'd say if if you were going to talk about something else if you were going to uh buy some material for a dress or something like that you might take a a little piece a little #1 square? # 741: #2 Swatch. # interviewer: call that a swatch. have you ever heard people call it anything besides that? 741: I may have but I interviewer: you ever heard people call it a sample? 741: well I guess they could call it that swatch is interviewer: Swatch. 741: definitely what I call it. interviewer: what about this expression say if you uh saw a dress at a store window that appealed to you you might say well my goodness that sure is a some kind some adjective you might use in describing 741: {X} well {NW} I use a lot of things depends you want me to visualize a dress until #1 I # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: a fantastic dress uh interviewer: {X} 741: really neat a sharp looking dress Auxiliary 1: mother do you have any #1 tickets for # 741: #2 pretty # Auxiliary 1: tonight? 741: Y- uh no but t- uh tell 'em to give 'em your name and I'll see that they have 'em Auxiliary 1: {X} 741: oh well her ticket's over there will be at the at the door for her Auxiliary 1: okay 741: did she want more than one? #1 I hope # Auxiliary 1: #2 yeah # she didn't say anything interviewer: what about the comparative form of of that adjective pretty you'd say well this #1 is pretty # 741: #2 It's beautiful # or interviewer: or this one's pretty but I think this one's even 741: prettier interviewer: and the superlative form this is 741: #1 the # interviewer: #2 the # 741: prettiest one I've seen interviewer: what about in the thing that uh you would wear around your waist say if you were working in the kitchen to keep your dress 741: #1 apron # interviewer: #2 from getting # and what I was writing with until it gave out 741: #1 a pen # interviewer: #2 of ink # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # Auxiliary 1: #1 {X} # 741: #2 How # about that? interviewer: {NW} 741: you have to work on that S sound {NW} Auxiliary 1: #1 mother # 741: #2 {NW} # Auxiliary 1: #1 # 741: #2 # #1 that's cheating # Auxiliary 1: #2 {D: That's cheating she's} # #1 cheating you now. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # Auxiliary 1: She's #1 cheating. # 741: #2 Pen # it's a pen. Auxiliary 1: {X} interviewer: that's funny uh I called in uh last week to Atlanta and uh {D: Doctor Pedersen was plotting you know he has a big map of all these different colored pins and} uh he was telling a friend of mine who happened to be there uh to get a pin and you know I picked up an ink pen 741: #1 and you're right # interviewer: #2 {X} # Just said aw you southerners 741: #1 yeah right you don't know one when # interviewer: #2 {X} # {NW} yeah and the other thing that with a sharp point you call that a 741: a fountain pen no oh you're talking about a the #1 okay # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: pin yeah interviewer: Okay. 741: {D: talking about} straight pins. that's a straight pin if #1 we have to # interviewer: #2 okay # what would you #1 say uh # 741: #2 Have to think about it. # fountain pen with sharpened point rather than a ballpoint pen interviewer: what would you say uh a man's three piece suit consists of? 741: a vest a jacket and pants interviewer: have you ever heard pants called 741: trousers interviewer: Trousers. 741: It's uncommon but I have heard it {NS} interviewer: well what about these things that uh Auxiliary 1: britches. interviewer: #1 farmers britches yeah # 741: #2 britches yeah I've heard of that # interviewer: they're farmers where you know they have uh straps and a and a bib uh 741: overalls #1 uh # interviewer: #2 overalls # 741: y- but that not just farmers wear those those high school kids wear 'em #1 all the time # interviewer: #2 oh yeah # 741: #1 that's the new in thing # interviewer: #2 yeah college # too Auxiliary 1: excuse me but um what's the consensus on that I mean I've always said overalls myself but I've seen a lot of places where it's written for example it's written overhauls interviewer: say that a lot 741: #1 overhaul? # Auxiliary 1: #2 do they # they don't say it around here but they say where did they say it interviewer: Especially the older informants just about anywhere 741: #1 they call it overhaul? # interviewer: #2 in the South say # overhauls the older old person back in the boonies somewhere yeah he'll say overhauls but uh younger people are you know a little bit more sophisticated will say just overalls you know it's overhauls what about uh this expression say if a man were trying on a coat he might say well that coat won't fit this year but last year it perfectly 741: it fit perfectly interviewer: or say if a man's clothes had worn out he needs something to go to church he might say well I need to go in town to get me a 741: a new suit I interviewer: or if uh Auxiliary 1: {X} {NW} interviewer: what about if sometimes you know when small children uh play or they like to pick up things and and put 'em in their pocket and before long they might have so much in their pocket that their pockets begin to 741: Bulge. interviewer: well say if you were washing a shirt you'd put it in water that was too hot for it 741: it would shrink interviewer: what about the past form of that word 741: it shrank interviewer: and it has 741: shrunk wouldn't it be horrible if I {X} {NW} interviewer: say if uh if a young girl were getting ready to go out on a date she usually spends a lot of time in front of the mirror you know what do you say she's doing 741: primping interviewer: ever heard that called anything else? 741: oh I'm sure I have but primping is the main interviewer: well what about if a boy were getting ready and doing the same thing what would you say he was doing 741: I'd say he's primping too interviewer: Primping too. 741: {D: N- I that} I have never used that uh #1 for a boy # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: but uh I can't think of anything else I would use for a boy Auxiliary 1: getting duded up 741: right interviewer: {D: dutied up?} 741: duded duded up interviewer: you really use that? Auxiliary 1: who? interviewer: well what would you say you were doing? Auxiliary 1: getting ready to go {NW} 741: what what would they use at the high school like really what #1 what what's that # Auxiliary 1: #2 well I have no idea # 741: the expression that they use you've been away too long the #1 whole year # Auxiliary 1: #2 I have no # idea 741: if they probably would say duded #1 up # interviewer: #2 duded # up yeah. what about the uh the thing that uh uh women carry all their things around with 'em in 741: #1 a purse # interviewer: #2 you know # a purse something smaller than that that uh might be used just for change? uh might have a 741: coin purse interviewer: coin purse Auxiliary 1: bill fold 741: oh well not for cha- #1 well sometimes yeah # Auxiliary 1: #2 well yours has ch- # 741: that's true my billfold has change personally interviewer: and these things that uh women wear on their wrists for 741: bracelet interviewer: and around the neck 741: necklace interviewer: and the things that some men wear uh to hold up their pants #1 when they're low yeah. # 741: #2 Suspenders. # interviewer: ever heard those called anything besides that? ever heard it called galluses? 741: No. interviewer: what about 741: I'm glad to find find out what some of these things mean I've heard some of these words interviewer: you've never heard of galluses before then is that right? 741: I think I've seen it written uh in a book or something and I had no notion of what it was instead of looking it up I didn't do it Auxiliary 1: skip right along 741: #1 skipped right along # Auxiliary 1: #2 pretended you knew it # {NW} 741: played like I knew what it was interviewer: {X} well what about uh the thing that you would uh use outdoors you know protects yourself from the Auxiliary 1: {X} interviewer: What's that? 741: an umbrella interviewer: ever heard that called anything else? Auxiliary 1: {X} 741: {D: parasol} has a little different connotation interviewer: what? Auxiliary 1: it's more from the sun 741: from the sun right interviewer: I see 741: protection from the sun interviewer: when you make up your bed the last thing that goes on it what do you call that 741: bedspread #1 isn't that # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: awful? interviewer: {NW} have you ever heard that called anything else 741: ah yeah let's see what have I heard that called? uh most people say bedspread but some people call it um counterpin? but I don't know anybody that does but I have I have heard that interviewer: right now what about the uh the heavier one that might be used in cold weather 741: #1 the quilts you mean? # interviewer: #2 that you yeah # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: quilts and comforters or comforts as we used to call 'em interviewer: and the thing that you rest your head on that's the 741: pillow interviewer: anything like a pillow except larger uh kind of 741: #1 a bolster? # interviewer: #2 like # yeah 741: type of thing interviewer: what about this expression say if if it were a particularly long bolster you might say well that just doesn't go part way across the bed it goes 741: it doesn't go clear across the bed interviewer: {NW} okay well say uh a temporary bed that you might put down on the floor for a child 741: pallet. interviewer: call that a pallet. this expression uh a farmer might say well we expect to get a big crop this year because the soil's very any 741: no idea interviewer: any any particular have you ever heard a farmer or anybody use any particular name for just very good soil uh that'd grow just about anything 741: besides fertile? interviewer: just fertile 741: #1 I # Auxiliary 1: #2 rich # 741: I don't know rich right yeah rich soil interviewer: or what about particularly bad soil uh uh wouldn't grow much of anything any name in particular for that 741: oh I seems like I have heard something like that Mike you're down working at the feed store I mean you didn't work down there but you heard all those people talking interviewer: maybe some 741: um interviewer: sandy soil Auxiliary 1: thin or something 741: lost their topsoil or topsoil's gone or #1 soil's # Auxiliary 1: #2 poor # 741: poor interviewer: what about loam what kind of soil would that be any ideas? 741: loam I've heard my grandmother use loam a lot I I can remember that and I always she would always refer to it as good rich loam and it always seemed like it was fertile and moist and kind of black and interviewer: Okay. have you ever heard people around here refer to the type of land that uh maybe low lying land that's that's very fertile uh might possibly had water on it at one 741: #1 river bottoms # interviewer: #2 time # river bottoms 741: #1 bottomland they call it bottom # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: land river bottoms. interviewer: right well what about uh say a piece of low lying land that didn't grow anything on it except maybe uh a lot of grass or something like that is that called anything in particular around here? 741: probably yeah interviewer: do people around here use the word meadow? 741: meadow? interviewer: uh-huh 741: I think that's only used in poetry I think {C: laughing} Auxiliary 1: I was gonna ask you about that when you said pasture 741: pasture #1 I use pasture all the time # Auxiliary 1: #2 what's the difference in your perception # between pasture and meadow 741: a pasture is a meadow in which cows and horses graze a meadow doesn't have cows and horses on it Auxiliary 1: why not? 741: #1 I don't know just doesn't # interviewer: #2 just a lot of nice # trees and all 741: oh yes #1 no insects whatsoever # Auxiliary 1: #2 butterflies birds # butterflies and birds and interviewer: kind of a utopian pasture 741: right exactly Auxiliary 1: does it have a any fences around it 741: I don't I don't in my mind's eye it #1 does not # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: have any fences you know and no cow droppings or anything you know just interviewer: I I think the same way that you do as far as meadows go but what about a piece of land that's really not good for much of anything because you have water standing on it permanently and a lot of beaver dams and all that through it 741: yeah swamp slough eh had a lot of oh what there's another term for it too I've heard 'em talking about it cause they had a big area south of town where they drained all this water off it {D: called Ross drainage area} and that was just swamp or slough bayou I don't know that's a more Louisiana term but they call it can you think of anything else? Auxiliary 1: no I think interviewer: well you mentioned uh having to drain a piece of land what would you call the the things that uh would be uh dug to 741: #1 the drainage # interviewer: #2 carry off # 741: ditch. interviewer: drainage ditch or what do you what do people around here call uh uh it's a or flowing fresh water flowing along what would you call 741: a creek? interviewer: creek anything smaller than a creek? uh 741: creek is just all it's the smallest I can imagine except just a stream a little trickle of something interviewer: are there any specific proper names for some of the creeks around here that you know of? 741: Mill Creek uh Big Brushy {NW} {D: I} #1 Terre Noire # Auxiliary 1: #2 {X} # creek 741: Terre Noire Auxiliary 1: Terre Noire 741: and that that's an interesting name now you talk about an anglicized French name now are you familiar #1 with this # interviewer: #2 what is # this now? 741: Terre Noire and it's and it's Auxiliary 1: Terre Noire 741: it's T-E-R-R-E capital N-O-I-R #1 E? # interviewer: #2 {X} # yeah 741: and they call it Terre Noire like T-U-R-N-W-A-R Terre Noire interviewer: well that's not quite as as as bad as uh an Alabama example I can give to you there's a little town close to Mobile it's spelled B-A-Y-O-U L-A B-A-T-R-E obviously French you know what the natives call it? Bayou La Batre {NW} 741: #1 well the interesting # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: {D: thing to me is that that pronouncing it Terre Noire they're as close as they are to the} #1 real spelling of it # interviewer: #2 yeah yeah # 741: #1 I mean real pronunciation # interviewer: #2 That's not too bad at all. # 741: it's not really bad. interviewer: Yeah. 741: and the little town of uh A-N-T-O-I-N-E they call #1 I had always # Auxiliary 1: #2 Antoine # 741: heard it called Antoine but I found out the natives call it Antoine {C: pronunciation} interviewer: #1 ah # 741: #2 which is # still not all that far interviewer: {X} 741: now they have no idea probably that it's even French interviewer: well that's isn't there a restaurant in New Orleans called Antoine? 741: Antoine #1 that different # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: not Antoine {C: pronunciation} interviewer: yeah Auxiliary 1: {D: I get out at} 741: we're from Antoine {C: pronunciation} interviewer: {NW} well what about say uh a place that you might find out in the woods somewhere that's been uh eroded by flowing water say it might be about ten feet deep ten feet across something like that what would you 741: #1 a gully # interviewer: #2 call that # call that a gully Auxiliary 1: more like a 741: #1 gully wash # Auxiliary 1: #2 ravine though # 741: #1 # Auxiliary 1: #2 # 741: that could be a ravine Auxiliary 1: a gully always seemed to me to be I'd say a road to just sort of a bleak area where all the topsoil's been washed away and now it's a gully whereas a ravine could have 741: #1 lots of trees and stuff growing on it # Auxiliary 1: #2 trees growing in it and # 741: #1 if the I assume by what he # Auxiliary 1: #2 {X} # 741: said didn't have a lot of foliage and stuff. Auxiliary 1: well tell me um in your talking has there you have ever come across difference between a creek and a creek 741: it's the same thing isn't it? interviewer: I haven't encountered creek. 741: you haven't encountered creek {C: pronunciation} #1 in all the # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 {X} # Auxiliary 1: #2 I encountered # creek a lot {C: pronunciation} 741: #1 well that's you you've been up # Auxiliary 1: #2 {X} # 741: north though Auxiliary 1: well here 741: oh here? #1 they say creek? # Auxiliary 1: #2 here # 741: #1 # Auxiliary 1: #2 # well actually there's a difference between a creek and a creek a creek runs out yeah well a creek runs out between an open land and where like cattle drink from whereas a creek is in wooded in a wooded area and deer and things like that drink from it and it's just a difference in what kind of area it's in interviewer: and you picked that up from around here? Auxiliary 1: yes I think interviewer: was it uh an older person or uh just anybody would that be common knowledge? Auxiliary 1: I don't know I doubt it I d- I've heard a lot of people use 'em interchangeably so a lot of people say creek around here 741: do they? interviewer: I'm used to saying it was uh a variant pronunciation without any uh distinction in 741: #1 I think the same thing # Auxiliary 1: #2 well that's the way one of my # hunting friends explained it to me so 741: #1 oh well they # Auxiliary 1: #2 {X} # 741: you would pick up a lot of things from {D: them} Auxiliary 1: oh the hunters 741: #1 right # Auxiliary 1: #2 {X} # interviewer: they didn't tell you anything about snipe hunting did they? 741: oh we know about #1 snipe hunting {NW} # interviewer: #2 {NW} # that might be pulling the same thing I don't know {NW} 741: do you know about snipe hunting Mike? #1 I think # Auxiliary 1: #2 {X} # 741: I better tell you so you don't get #1 caught # interviewer: #2 {NW} # {NW} 741: it's a joke #1 practical joke # Auxiliary 1: #2 {X} # 741: #1 yeah # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # Auxiliary 1: oh 741: that they love to pull on someone who never has #1 hunted # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: snipes before interviewer: {X} Auxiliary 1: well uh what's the joke there are snipes there are such things as snipes 741: are you sure? Auxiliary 1: I'm positive 741: well they're not they're not in #1 abundance around here. # Auxiliary 1: #2 they're European birds # 741: #1 # Auxiliary 1: #2 # but there really are snipes interviewer: oh Auxiliary 1: because there was a famous battle fought in thirteen eighty-nine between the Turks and the uh Romanians and uh Transylvanians all those people fought at Snipes field and well that's the trans- translation #1 {X} # interviewer: #2 {X} # left out in the woods holding a bag 741: #1 right exactly while everybody else runs off and leaves you # interviewer: #2 {X} # yeah what would you call uh a small elevation in the land you'd say you're just going up a little 741: rise interviewer: little rise or anything else 741: hill interviewer: hill what about this the the round thing that you turn to open the door you call that the 741: door handle Auxiliary 1: #1 knob # interviewer: #2 or # 741: knob Auxiliary 1: handle handle #1 how many handles are around here # 741: #2 oh be quiet # Auxiliary 1: #1 # 741: #2 # interviewer: have you ever heard anybody call a hill a knob? Auxiliary 1: yes 741: yeah I think I have interviewer: mm-hmm 741: #1 or a knoll # Auxiliary 1: #2 about # bald knob for example another place around here that's got it's a little hill interviewer: well what about if the the big one you know it's not a hill it becomes a regular 741: mountain interviewer: what about you know in up in the mountains uh a place where uh the rocky uh face of the mountain that uh drops off very sharp what do you call 741: cliff interviewer: Yeah. or say a a low place in the mountains where roads might go across what would that be called 741: what the valley? Auxiliary 1: pass 741: pass yeah interviewer: would something like that be ever called a gap? 741: #1 well # Auxiliary 1: #2 Caddo Gap # 741: #1 # Auxiliary 1: #2 # there is Caddo Gap along Caddo River way out in the mountains it's a little place where #1 Caddo River # 741: #2 Is that right? # Auxiliary 1: comes through the mountains it's called Caddo Gap 741: I've seen 'em called gaps more in the higher mountains than we have around here #1 although I guess it # Auxiliary 1: #2 lot of famous # gaps Cumberland Gap 741: yeah {NS} interviewer: have you ever heard people around here use the word notch in conjunction with uh with mountains? Auxiliary 1: isn't that a wind blown um uh it's it's a it's sort of a it's a depression in the mountains but it's sort of the difference between a notch I think and a gap I understand that a notch is sort of it's made by the wind and a gap is made by water interviewer: but you're not familiar with the term? 741: no haven't ever heard it interviewer: well what about uh a place where uh a boat would anchor and unload the thing that it unloads on 741: #1 the dock # interviewer: #2 to # would be the dock ever heard that called anything besides dock 741: landing Auxiliary 1: pier 741: not called pier too much around here most call 'em docks #1 or landings # interviewer: #2 would people # around here ever use the term wharf? 741: #1 I don't really think so uh-uh # Auxiliary 1: #2 no no # 741: #1 # Auxiliary 1: #2 # interviewer: well what about a place in the mountains where water falls a long distance that's a 741: waterfall interviewer: say the roads around here uh the surface uh material what are most of 'em made of? 741: lot of 'em are blacktop lot of 'em are concrete Auxiliary 1: some are asphalt interviewer: blacktop or concrete any any other surface 741: gravel just dirt interviewer: still have some dirt 741: #1 oh still # interviewer: #2 roads here? # 741: oh yes we've got dirt roads definitely interviewer: well talking about roads say if you were out in the country uh maybe a little road that goes off the main road what would you call that? 741: Call it a track or a trail interviewer: or what about one that uh went off the main road up to a farmer's house what would that be called? 741: it's just a farm road interviewer: well say uh 741: #1 or his # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: driveway interviewer: yeah say uh a place that's been worn down by cattle coming in from the pasture 741: #1 the track # interviewer: #2 say # 741: cattle track cattle trail even Auxiliary 1: cattle crossing {NW} It's um 741: #1 mostly a # Auxiliary 1: #2 {X} # interviewer: {NW} 741: path or path or a track or trail interviewer: and a place in in the city where pedestrians walk next to the street that's the 741: sidewalk interviewer: have you ever uh do you have these places in residential areas where you have some grass between the street and the sidewalk? 741: mm-hmm interviewer: mm-hmm and is that called anything? 741: I don't know Auxiliary 1: no interviewer: that's another difference that I've run into you know um around where I'm from people call that the tree lawn 741: a tree lawn interviewer: tree lawn 741: huh interviewer: never heard of that? 741: no I really haven't interviewer: {X} 741: it makes sense do- I mean were trees planted along these areas uh interviewer: whenever I #1 had to # 741: #2 uh-huh # interviewer: mow the front yard you know mother would tell me don't forget to mow the tree lawn #1 too # 741: #2 uh-huh # interviewer: you know all had to do 741: huh let me ask you about this expression say if uh a boy were walking around out out in the country and he passed uh a farmer's corn field crows were in the corn field getting after the corn he might reach down and pick up a uh shuck of corn interviewer: or just a 741: rock or what {NW} interviewer: and 741: #1 throw it # interviewer: #2 do what # you ever heard people say anything besides any other way of saying that other than 741: chunk it interviewer: throw it chunk it what about uh say uh oh if you have somebody uh come over to visit you you might tell them to sit down and make yourself 741: at home interviewer: talking about uh putting milk in coffee drinking it that way you might say that some people like it 741: with cream or yeah interviewer: how do you drink yours? 741: with cream interviewer: with cream 741: I don't u- let's see some pla- people call it what do they call it light co- light coffee or something like that but I that's not anything you'd hear around here interviewer: well how would somebody around here order his coffee if he didn't want anything in 741: black interviewer: {X} ever heard any other expression 741: mm-mm interviewer: straight? 741: no #1 {D: you know what I} # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: I hear that more as a little something a little #1 stronger # interviewer: #2 little # stronger uh-huh have you ever heard anybody offer order his coffee barefooted? 741: no {C: laughing} #1 never have # interviewer: #2 {X} # {NW} okay this expression say if if somebody is not going away from you you say they're coming 741: toward you interviewer: and if you just happened to meet somebody that you weren't looking for you might say well wasn't looking for so and so just happened to run 741: run into him Auxiliary 1: run across 741: I would say run into him you can say run across #1 if you want to # interviewer: #2 {NW} # {NW} okay what if uh if a child is given the same name as his father uh you say that the parents named the child 741: after him interviewer: this animal that barks you call that a 741: dog interviewer: what about a type of dog that's not a a pure breed it's you call it a what 741: mongrel interviewer: Mongrel. Is there any 741: Or something else um hmm there's a there's something else we call 'em too besides a Heinz fifty-seven interviewer: {NW} 741: maybe that'll come to me just a just an old Auxiliary 1: Hound? mutt 741: yeah well if they're just an old hound dog but hound dogs are are specially bred they're not they're not of uh hmm that doesn't come to me interviewer: well what about is there any general term that people around here use uh to refer to a a tiny little dog that you know yaps a lot barks gets under your feet you'd say that's just a little old you ever heard ever heard people say that's just a little old feist dog? 741: I was going to say feisty but interviewer: mm 741: I n- I I hadn't really heard 'em call that I uh with I the things I've heard 'em called are usually profane interviewer: {NW} do you is is a when you think of feist it you is that a specific breed uh 741: no no feisty is a to me is a temperament uh not a not a breed of #1 dog at all # interviewer: #2 I see # 741: feisty is very full of full of spice and vinegar interviewer: what about if uh if you wanted your dog uh to attack another dog or 741: sic 'em interviewer: you say sic 'em and if you wanted it to to stop you'd say 741: I never have had dogs {NW} well we used to have a dog once but he didn't attack anything interviewer: What about 741: down boy something I don't know interviewer: {X} if you wanted him to come to you you'd say 741: here boy interviewer: well what about say uh if you were warning somebody about a dog you might say you better watch him he's bad uh 741: bad news dangerous Auxiliary 1: or he bites 741: he he bites or whatever interviewer: what about the past form of that word bite 741: bit interviewer: yesterday I and I have been 741: bitten interviewer: if uh well we've talked about different types of animals say uh in a herd of cattle what is the male called? 741: bull interviewer: or what about uh uh you know used to before you had the tractors and everything the farmer would use animals to plow with what what sort of 741: #1 mules # interviewer: #2 animals do you # {X} think mules or anything else that might have been used for plowing? 741: well not or I think around here oxen might have been used some areas but I think mules were Arkansas's a real mule state Clark county's a real mule #1 county # interviewer: #2 that right # well what if you had two together you'd say you had a 741: two mules interviewer: you ever heard uh say if you were plowing you know with 'em you'd have a 741: team interviewer: team okay and um talking about getting out the cattle again a small one when it's first born you'd call a 741: calf interviewer: if you had a say if you had a cow named Daisy and Daisy was expecting a calf you'd say that Daisy's going to 741: all I can think of are horse terms interviewer: {NW} 741: what are they calve she's going to calve I would say she's gonna foal interviewer: #1 Yeah yeah. # 741: #2 But uh # not gonna foal interviewer: have you ever heard anybody around here say anything like well Daisy's or cow's gonna freshen? 741: hmm-mm interviewer: never heard of that or what about uh say this expression talking about riding on a horse you couldn't stay on a horse you'd say that you 741: I'd say I fell off interviewer: or what about if a small child uh woke up in the morning on the floor he might say well during the night #1 I must have # 741: #2 I # I fell out of bed guess it's a difference in falling off and #1 falling out I don't know # interviewer: #2 falling out # {NW} Auxiliary 1: {D: I thought you were unsee a going to fall off a horse} 741: well and if I were writing a book to be published I might have #1 {X} # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: #1 but generally I would # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: fall off the horse. interviewer: oh yeah uh are there any uh uh sheep raised around here? 741: oh I could be sure there's some but not enough to even spit at interviewer: do you happen to know what the male sheep's called? 741: the ram? interviewer: what about the female? 741: a ewe interviewer: what do what would people generally raise sheep for? 741: wool I guess most people have goats here that have anything like that and they raise 'em they have 'em for milk I believe {NW} interviewer: what about uh say a group of hogs do you know what the male is called 741: mm-mm interviewer: you ever heard it called the boar? 741: oh I yes but I think of those as being wild interviewer: I see. 741: I don't but I I didn't know tame ones were also called boars interviewer: well is there anything in particular that you that you call a hog that's grown up wild you just call it a 741: wild boar #1 or wild hog # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: {D: rile yeah} interviewer: lemme ask you this I keep coming out here to Arkansas people talk about razorbacks is there such a thing as a razorback? 741: they say there's not but I just believe there is #1 they just have to be # interviewer: #2 {NW} # think there is 741: #1 well the reason # interviewer: #2 running around on the # football field or whatever 741: it's a wild boar of some sort and and there are uh now whether they actually exist in Arkansas I don't know but there definitely are razorback hogs that have this this uh quill kind of back uh very sharp hairs or something there on their interviewer: do you know what those hairs are called by the way? 741: mm-mm interviewer: you ever heard 'em called bristles? 741: oh well yeah interviewer: {X} what about these these long 741: #1 tusks # interviewer: #2 teeth # {X} ever heard people call those tuskies? 741: no interviewer: haven't heard that well if uh now we were talking about types of uh hogs a little one when it's first born you call that a 741: I call it a piglet I don't know what anybody else calls it interviewer: is there any intermediate stage you know between a small 741: #1 there probably is I don't know # interviewer: #2 {X} # have you ever heard uh anything called a shoat 741: oh well yes but the shoats are the are the freshman football team at the University of Arkansas interviewer: is that right 741: right {C: laughing} interviewer: {NW} well that's something {X} well what if it makes sense what about uh say a hog a male hog that's been altered have you ever heard that called anything particular? 741: yeah I guess it's the same thing as a cow being altered oh Mike what's that called Auxiliary 1: Oh it's um 741: all I can think of is spayed right now and I know that's not it interviewer: well while you're think trying to think of that what do you say has been done to one like that it's been 741: well that's what I'm it's what I'm trying to think of interviewer: oh well I I was asking what the animal was called Auxiliary 1: oh I see {X} 741: oh it's what's being done to it that I was trying to #1 think of # Auxiliary 1: #2 calve is # is a I mean a cow is a steer 741: yeah and a horse is a gelding but I can't think of #1 I don't know what a # Auxiliary 1: #2 huh # pig is a 741: I don't know what a pig is Auxiliary 1: {X} 741: well that's what you call it anyw- #1 a horse anyway you call it gelding # interviewer: #2 have you ever heard it called a # have you ever heard uh a hog that's been done to called a barrow Auxiliary 1: yeah 741: have you? Auxiliary 1: I have interviewer: well getting back to what's been done to it what'd you call that did you think of that? 741: hmm-mm I it the horse it's uh gelding him but I don't I've forgotten what it's called about a cow and I'm sure the pig and the cow's probably pretty much the same interviewer: talking about the process 741: #1 uh-huh # interviewer: #2 you know # would you do people just say you think castrated? 741: yeah uh but uh but they call it b- but they get it all mixed up and they call it something else uh they don't cut they cat- they don't call it cas- castrated oh I'm trying to think how they Auxiliary 1: {NW} 741: they really 741: pictures of it you know just to keep 'em rented and collect the rent and take care of any little problems that come up. So he's had kind of bad luck with this last one and so he asked Mike if he'd do it this summer and if I would take care of it this fall {C: crumpling} {NS} so that's gonna and he got we get ten percent of the rent. Mike made eight dollars and #1 fifty cents while # Auxiliary: #2 {X} # 741: he was out riding around this morning somebody brought a check by. interviewer: Not bad. Auxiliary: Not bad at all for no work. anyway it will be some work though. 741: #1 {X} # Auxiliary: #2 Well # what happened with #1 the checking # 741: #2 he has to # go see about roaches and bad plumbing and you know #1 anything that # Auxiliary: #2 roof # check 741: uh Let's see I think it's right here. Yeah. {X} Auxiliary: Okay. Let's take this all and put it on my desk. 741: Okay. {NS} Auxiliary: Wonderful. 741: All right great. {NS} Auxiliary: Okay. Or dad said I could go to Little Rock. #1 Monday. # 741: #2 Monday. # Okay. Auxiliary: Oh I fixed the little glove compartment on Richard's car 741: Okay. #1 well mow # Auxiliary: #2 {X} # 741: the yard and #1 clip the hedge # Auxiliary: #2 {X} # {X} 741: Don't forget don't put it off 'til there's no time to do it. Auxiliary: I won't. interviewer: Awfully hot to be #1 {X} # Auxiliary: #2 {D: Yeah I refuse.} # {X} interviewer: Did you ever think of that expression you were trying to think of yesterday when we were talking about the uh hog you know that had been altered and you said it was? 741: #1 I never could think of it I don't know # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: what I h- it it's some corruption of c- of castration but I don't know. Hello? Richard? um He's at work uh-huh I don't know sometimes he takes the afternoon off but he didn't today. That I had no idea. Oh okay well why don't you call Richard at the lab? Why don't you call Richard at the lab? {X} It's just Clark County hospital and ask for the uh the lab. uh-huh bye-bye. {NS} My voice is a little uh tired today from the show sometimes that happens to me when I perform and have to sing a lot. interviewer: Did you have a performance? 741: We had a performance last night and uh it it it gets kind of uh husky or something in the day time so I'll sound a little different. Won't #1 pronounce the words # interviewer: #2 I know # 741: any differently but {C: laughing} {NW} interviewer: Yeah I know what you mean same thing happens to me at the beginning of every quarter you know with teaching I have to have a short break I have to get used to the speaking you know. 741: Right. interviewer: Fifty minutes at a time you know I'm hoarse. 741: Well I'm {C: clang} having to sing in a range that I don't normally sing in and it really tires my voice out. No I don't know it was some corruption of ca- and I can remember from about way back in uh oh when I was about thirteen years old and I had a horse and uh that I just knew more farm people at that time and they had hogs and they had cattle and I heard 'em talking about castrating uh but I I've forgotten what they used. But I can remember telling my parents about it you know and they just just collapsed falling out laughing and but I cannot remember what the word is but it's a corruption of castration I don't #1 I don't know. # interviewer: #2 Yeah. # It's not just uh a variant pronunciation like a lot of people say castrate? {C: pronunciation} 741: It it must not have it must have been something interviewer: Yeah. 741: stranger than that I'm sure somebody did use castrate {C: pronunciation} but interviewer: What do you call those things that when you feed a hog you know pour the feed 741: #1 Trough. # interviewer: #2 into? # {NS} A full bag of that would be several? 741: Troughs? I don't know. {NS} interviewer: Say talking about cattle you know the noise that's made by a calf when it's being weaned. How would you describe that you might say well listen to that calf? 741: Lowing. interviewer: Lowing. Would that be the same uh for a cow say that's hungry or wants to be milked say what the 741: #1 a cow # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: cow that wants to be milked I think they bawl. interviewer: Bawl. What about say uh a comprehensive term for uh feathered animals like ducks and chicken and geese and? 741: Fowl. interviewer: You'd say you have a lot of fowl. Talking about fowl say uh a chicken or a hen that's on a nest trying to hatch out something what would you call that you'd say that's a? 741: Oh she was nesting I don't know. Laying. interviewer: Have you ever heard people call that a settler? 741: I may have. interviewer: Talking about chickens 741: Let me touch shut this door I think we've got an awful lot of extraneous noise. {NS} {NS} interviewer: Talking about chickens do you know about uh 741: {NW} Not my strong subject. interviewer: Yeah. {NW} Those these thing these uh these things that they're shipped to market in 741: #1 The crates? # interviewer: #2 sometimes. # Yeah what are those you know what those things are called other than crates? 741: Chicken crate. interviewer: Crate. 741: I think they all or coops. interviewer: Yeah. 741: Chicken coops or chicken crates. Now chicken coop I think of as being actually where the chickens live. #1 And uh # interviewer: #2 Say uh # on the farm? 741: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 where they'd be in # 741: #1 chicken coop. # interviewer: #2 closed area # 741: Right. And uh chicken the crates uh are what I think of 'em being shipped in. interviewer: Okay. 741: But that's just not probably from ever hearing anyone saying anything about it just from seeing 'em stacked on trucks. interviewer: Well you know when you fry a chicken there's usually one piece that children like to get. 741: #1 The drumstick? # interviewer: #2 {X} # Well 741: Oh no the wishbone. #1 Or the pulley. # interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 741: bone either one. interviewer: uh-huh What uh what do you are you familiar with the story uh behind that oh what's supposed to be the rationale behind pulling that thing apart? 741: I don't think so. interviewer: Don't know any #1 stories # 741: #2 Nuh-uh. # interviewer: associated with it? Have you ever talking about uh parts of an animal that are edible have you ever heard any comprehensive term for the inside parts of a hog that you can eat but you might not normally say like the lungs and uh the heart and all that any? 741: Oh the uh e- uh yeah uh Is that the chitlins? uh I get mixed up on chitlins whether chitlins are the actual intestines or whether chitlins are the are the uh just the the other #1 parts. # interviewer: #2 What I asked # you about? Yeah I know what you mean some people do use chitlins to mean uh all any of the #1 internal organs that you can eat. # 741: #2 Internal organs. # Yeah. interviewer: But I think well I always thought of chitlins as being the intestines like you said. 741: mm-hmm well uh cracklin is used too #1 and I f- # interviewer: #2 Yeah # 741: and I get I get those really mixed up. interviewer: Yeah. Well have you ever #1 heard of # 741: #2 because # I don't use 'em when I {C: laughing} #1 cook. # interviewer: #2 Right. # 741: {NW} interviewer: Have you ever eaten any of those chitlins? 741: No I never #1 have uh-uh # interviewer: #2 Never have? # 741: uh Well I guess we just didn't uh for some reason or another never had 'em served. interviewer: Well they smell pretty bad when you cook 'em. 741: #1 Is that right? # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: Yeah no I've never eaten 'em but I've know lots of people that have interviewer: Yeah. 741: and eat cracklins and crackling #1 bread too. # interviewer: #2 Oh yeah. # 741: But I never have eaten any. interviewer: Never had any crackling bread? 741: No I never have had any. interviewer: uh-huh Well have you ever heard people use the term haslet to refer to what I asked you about? 741: No. interviewer: Then you haven't heard that around here. Go ahead. 741: Now that doesn't mean it's not used I just haven't heard of it. interviewer: Yeah. Well what about uh this expression say if it's getting late on a farm and the farmer hears his cows uh mooing maybe they're hungry he might say well I didn't know it was so late I probably ought to if they're hungry it'd be? 741: Feeding #1 time. # interviewer: #2 Feeding # time. Now we get around you mentioned yesterday you heard uh calls to animals cows and all that. 741: #1 Right. # interviewer: #2 Can # you could you reproduce one of those if if uh 741: #1 Sooey. # interviewer: #2 you # 741: The sooey I I'm not #1 not very good at it. # interviewer: #2 Now what's that # what's that a call to? 741: A call that's calling the hogs. interviewer: Calling the hogs. Is that calling say uh to come to you from somewhere? 741: Yeah it's calling 'em to come to eat. interviewer: Yeah. 741: um interviewer: They say sooey? 741: Uh yeah. #1 I am not sure I # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: could do it I could call like we call the razorback hogs for the at the football games I can #1 do it. # interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 741: You wanna hear that? {NW} interviewer: The football cheer or something 741: #1 Oh yes. # interviewer: #2 like that? # 741: Do you not know that? interviewer: no 741: Oh heavens we're famous for our football cheer calling the hogs yes. Oh I'll have to have some help could you is it alright if I have some help? interviewer: Sure. 741: Let me get Mike and interviewer: {NW} 741: let me get him to help me because it's it it #1 may need # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: it may throw your register here. {NW} Uh but it is a football cheer it's not it's not really calling the interviewer: I see. 741: real animals. interviewer: I see you have a modified call. 741: Oh you're not. {NW} I said yes oh yes I'm gonna interviewer: uh-huh 741: we're gonna call the hogs he went he went like this he'll be down in a minute. interviewer: uh-huh okay 741: {NW} uh the uh see if I can reproduce the hog uh I've heard one person do it and it was just sooey sooey uh interviewer: uh-huh 741: uh interviewer: Well have you ever 741: #1 sooey uh # interviewer: #2 heard # 741: sooey sooey sooey something like that #1 is how they do it. # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # Have you ever heard a farmer call his cows? Say 741: #1 Sook # interviewer: #2 get 'em to # 741: uh sookie interviewer: Sook mm-hmm. 741: #1 Sometimes # interviewer: #2 Do you # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # Do you happen to know if he says the same thing if he's calling calves? 741: I have no idea. interviewer: Ever heard one say soo calf or something like that? 741: Probably. interviewer: Gotta tag calf onto it. 741: I really I I can't I haven't really spent that much time on a farm. interviewer: Yeah. Well what about uh uh say if a farmer is is plowing with animals mules or whatever 741: the gee and the haw #1 and all that. # interviewer: #2 Yeah. # To get 'em to turn. 741: uh-huh interviewer: Do you know which is which? 741: Which is which? I don't really. uh #1 No. # interviewer: #2 That's okay. # 741: Not really no. But I I know they do use it. Giddap and gee and haw and interviewer: mm-hmm 741: #1 Ho. # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: Ho is usually stop. interviewer: Yeah. Well what if you had uh uh oh some horses out in the pasture what would you do or 741: Whistle. interviewer: You'd whistle to get horses to come up. 741: {NW} interviewer: I see. 741: They wouldn't come but I'd do it anyway. interviewer: {NW} Well what about uh farmers when they uh feed their pigs have you ever heard 'em call to 'em uh other than 741: Sooey. interviewer: Yeah. 741: That sooey's all I know. interviewer: Or have you ever heard anybody say piggy piggy piggy piggy? 741: Yeah I have yes I have yes I have piggy piggy yeah. interviewer: Well what about chickens? 741: Here chick chick chick chick. interviewer: I don't suppose you ever heard anybody call a sheep around here? 741: No. interviewer: No. {NW} I never have uh had any success with that item. 741: Hello. Yes. Uh he's yeah uh he should be down in just a minute hold on. {NS} Mike. Telephone. What? Okay. {NS} It'll be just a minute. {NS} interviewer: So I wanted to ask you uh when you 741: #1 she's # interviewer: #2 when you're # 741: gonna love all these animal calls whoever this is interviewer: {NW} Well well I think we're just about through with it. 741: Oh good. interviewer: Except if you wanna give me that 741: The razorback yell I #1 will have to do that # interviewer: #2 when uh when # he's {X} 741: Okay. interviewer: You know these things that uh uh that uh you guide the animals when you're plowing what are #1 those called # 741: #2 Reins. # interviewer: #1 # 741: #2 # interviewer: They're reins? same thing as #1 what you would # 741: #2 Horse reins. # interviewer: mm-hmm 741: It's what I call 'em interviewer: Have you ever heard them called plow lines or anything like that? 741: Probably but I it didn't make an impression on me if I did. interviewer: I see. Well say uh if you have a couple of horses hitched to a wagon have you ever heard the horse on the left called anything in particular? 741: The lead horse? interviewer: lead horse this expression say uh if you were trying to point out something to somebody and it's not near at hand you might say well it's just a little 741: Are you trying to get me to say little piece away? Or oh uh I'd I wouldn't e- really use that I'd s- probably say it's over yonder. interviewer: it's over yonder uh-huh 741: Or it's over there. Or it's just over there. interviewer: and you s- and you say over yonder strikes people from other parts of Arkansas than Clark county as unusual 741: Right. Particularly my husband who's from Missouri he just {X} plain sped {C: laughing} away when I used that. interviewer: what would his equivalent to that be over yonder? 741: Over there. interviewer: over there alright and the other uh expression you said that was unusual 741: Oh I call myself #1 doing something # interviewer: #2 call myself # 741: I'll say I called myself doing that yesterday. interviewer: yeah 741: And that just really other people in Arkansas really think that's strange. interviewer: that's perfectly natural 741: #1 You think that's just normal # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: speaking isn't it? interviewer: right nothing nothing's stranger than that okay and some other phrases I wanna ask you about uh say if if you've been traveling and you're not yet finished where you're going you'd say that you still had a to go before 741: #1 a way # interviewer: #2 {D: dark} # 741: to go. {NS} interviewer: Ah you ready for a call? Auxiliary: Well tell me how #1 did we come up with # 741: #2 Razorback cheer # Auxiliary: this? {NS} 741: Well he asked me if I knew how to call hogs and I said I know how to call the Razorback football players. Auxiliary: Well that's yeah. 741: And I gave some sort of pitiful Auxiliary: pitiful {X} 741: #1 imitation of the # Auxiliary: #2 I don't know it sounds # better with fifty thousand people 741: #1 Yeah you # Auxiliary: #2 in the stadium. # 741: get fifty thousand people #1 doing this it's pretty impressive. # interviewer: #2 Just just pretend it's a close # game with Texas 741: Yeah oh right right Auxiliary: Ah that is a good pretense yes. 741: Will this thing uh just start or flip off you'll have to cut it down probably cut #1 {D: vein back a little} # interviewer: #2 alright # {X} 741: #1 It's gotta be light out. # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: Yeah there's no other way to do it. #1 You have to imagine # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: football stadium packed with #1 fifty # interviewer: #2 alright # 741: thousand rabid fans. interviewer: alright I 741: #1 And they're # interviewer: #2 think # 741: all doing this. interviewer: I think I'm ready. 741: Now you ready? interviewer: #1 {X} # Auxiliary: #2 {X} # interviewer: #1 # Auxiliary: #2 # 741: Well here we are. #1 Woo # Auxiliary: #2 Woo # 741: #1 pig sooey. # Auxiliary: #2 pig sooey. # 741: #1 # Auxiliary: #2 # 741: #1 Woo # Auxiliary: #2 Woo # 741: #1 # Auxiliary: #2 # 741: #1 pig sooey. # Auxiliary: #2 pig sooey. # 741: #1 # Auxiliary: #2 # 741: #1 Woo # Auxiliary: #2 Woo # 741: #1 # Auxiliary: #2 # 741: #1 pig sooey. # Auxiliary: #2 pig sooey. # 741: #1 # Auxiliary: #2 # 741: #1 Razorbacks. # Auxiliary: #2 Razorbacks. # 741: #1 # Auxiliary: #2 # Fifty thousand people it sounds better. interviewer: Don't see how you people ever lose. 741: #1 Oh we don't real often. # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 {X} # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 Well last year was pretty bad. # Auxiliary: #2 Depends on if we have the right # players or not basically #1 {X} # 741: #2 But that's {X} # #1 Yeah they say the team # Auxiliary: #2 come up # 741: The other teams #1 you know when you come in they were very intimidating. # interviewer: #2 That would be intimidating opposition. # Yeah. Well that's that's about as bad as have you ever been to tiger stadium in Baton 741: #1 Oh go tiger yeah I've # Auxiliary: #2 {NW} # {NW} 741: Yeah. Auxiliary: All hum eighty thousand people humming . interviewer: Pretty rough. 741: It is I'll tell you what they've they have made believers out of us more than once. interviewer: but after uh a friend of mine from back home played for Alabama for a few years and he said Baton Rouge and Tiger Stadium and those Cajuns they're just something else 741: Oh they are. interviewer: You can win down there you can really do anything. 741: You really I know it. They really get violent. interviewer: or he said that they uh would they would put that big cage with that big Bengal tiger you know that's their mascot they'd put it right next to the dressing room door where the uh opposing team would have to come out you know they'd see that 741: #1 there it was # interviewer: #2 {X} # {X} he said that when those Cajuns got rowdy you know they'd start throwing everything in sight you know wine bottles and all that and coach Bryant and the other citizen coaches actually had to wear football helmets on the sidelines to keep from getting beaned you know 741: That uh Alabama quarterback that was so good was uh lived in Arkadelphia for a while what's his name Mike? Auxiliary: Richard Todd. 741: Richard Todd. interviewer: #1 {X} # 741: #2 uh-huh # interviewer: I didn't know that. 741: His mother uh was um director of nursing service at Clark county hospital. interviewer: When was that? 741: uh #1 Gosh about ten years ago. # Auxiliary: #2 Just ten years ago. # Ten must have been ten years. 741: He was just a pimply faced youth at that time. interviewer: I thought he'd always lived in uh 741: #1 in Alabama? # Auxiliary: #2 Mobile # interviewer: {X} Auxiliary: Mobile isn't it? 741: Well he lived here for a while and his mother and I worked together for a while. He certainly turned out to be a good football player. Is he did he #1 has he gone # Auxiliary: #2 He's playing for the Jets. # 741: for the Jets. interviewer: yeah I saw him uh he was down in Tuscaloosa this uh past spring semester after the season the professional season he came down there to work out he and a neighbor down there at the same time they come down there and work out with the team so coach football let's see oh yeah I was asking you about different expressions say if something's uh very common you don't have to look for it in any special place you'd say well that's real common you can find that just about 741: Anywhere. interviewer: or say if somebody uh slipped and fell out in your front yard and they fell that way you'd say they fell 741: Backward. interviewer: and that way they fell 741: Forward. interviewer: say if you went fishing but just didn't have any luck didn't catch a fish and somebody asks you well did you catch any fish what would you probably say 741: {NW} Auxiliary: No. #1 {NW} # 741: #2 {NW} # No I didn't. #1 No I'd say # Auxiliary: #2 {X} # 741: they weren't biting or or uh there wasn't a fish in the lake or interviewer: mm-hmm 741: I don't know uh I don't have any particular little sayings about those. interviewer: have you ever heard people around here say anything like no I didn't catch nary a one 741: Have you heard anything like that? #1 oh you have? # Auxiliary: #2 mm-hmm # 741: #1 # Auxiliary: #2 # I've heard that. 741: Ne'er a one huh. interviewer: {X} Auxiliary: I've heard nary. 741: Nary a one? interviewer: well what about uh 741: I they're much more likely to say nah I didn't catch nothing. interviewer: Yeah {NW} why don't we get back to plow for just a minute 741: {NW} Another one of my #1 strong subjects. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # Auxiliary: Strong point. interviewer: you know those trenches that are cut by the plow 741: Furrow. {NS} interviewer: or say if if uh you have a farmer has a good yield he says that he raised a big 741: Crop. interviewer: or if uh say you have some land with some bushes and trees on it and you wanna put that land to cultivation you'd say you did what to it to get it ready 741: Bush hogged. interviewer: Bush hogged it. any other way of saying that? 741: Any other way of saying bush hogged I I'm just saying bush hogged that's what we do at our or what someone does they have some big interviewer: Yeah. 741: tractor like thing they go around knocking pulling everything down and clearing it. interviewer: clearing the land 741: Clearing the land but they the mostly call it bush hogging it. Why I don't know. But that's a big ol' tractor that does it. interviewer: have you ever heard uh a piece of land that's just been cleared uh any particular name for that? 741: I I guess so. {D: But I don't} interviewer: ever heard it called new ground? 741: No I never have heard it called that. Mainly cause I guess it's it's been cultivated an awful long time around here. interviewer: well what about if say that uh a farmer had just cut uh his hay off the field now when it comes back up again uh the second time what is that called have you ever haven't heard anything like second cutting or something like that? well what about something that comes up in a field uh although you didn't plant it ever heard that referred to by any particular name? 741: Just wild grass or weeds or something like that interviewer: have you ever heard it called a volunteer? 741: No. interviewer: volunteer crop say uh after wheat's been cut off a field when it's tied up 741: Sheaves. interviewer: yeah have you ever heard uh say when you take those a lot of those together and uh pile 'em up like so is there any expression that covers that that you know of? 741: I don't know if people grow wheat around here. interviewer: I see or maybe you've encountered grass or grain 741: Just they bale it. #1 Sometimes. # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: But that's all I know. interviewer: have you ever heard people talking about shocking #1 wheat or # 741: #2 no # interviewer: anything like that? 741: I've heard wheat of wheat shocks but I think it's out of books. I don't think I've heard it uh in around here. interviewer: {X} well what about this grain that uh horses particularly like to eat 741: Oats. interviewer: yeah what do you what do you say you have to do when you uh you separate the the grain from the rest of it 741: Husk it? I don't know. No I don't know what you do with that. interviewer: you ever heard people talk about thrashing oats? 741: #1 I've # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: yeah I've heard that expression. we just buy it in a sack. but you know what I got though. {C: laughing} interviewer: Yeah. this these uh a couple of other expressions they're mostly grammatical #1 uh # 741: #2 {D: that you husk oats} # interviewer: {NW} say if uh if we have to do something uh together you'd say that not just one of us has to do it but 741: We all have to do it. interviewer: or if it's just 741: The two of us? interviewer: mm-hmm you'd say that not just one of us but 741: Two of us. Or we both did. interviewer: well what about if uh if we have to do something together again you might say that and have to do it 741: You and I have to do it. interviewer: or if uh you and another man are coming over to see me you might #1 say # 741: #2 He and I # are coming over to see you. interviewer: okay well what about if you were if you knocked on somebody's door and uh you you knew that they would recognize the sound of your voice when they ask from inside 741: #1 I'd say it's me # interviewer: #2 {X} # yeah alright I would too I don't care if it's where I 741: #1 yeah I know alright it's me # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: {NW} That's all I say on the telephone. #1 {X} it's me. # interviewer: #2 alright # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # well what if uh if you were inside and a man who you recognized his voice without using his name you might say oh open the door it's just 741: Just me. interviewer: Or if it was a man you'd say ah just open the door it's just without using his name if you were gonna use the pronoun form you'd 741: Oh like well no it's just him. interviewer: right and if it was a woman you'd say 741: It's just her. interviewer: uh and if it were several people you'd say it's 741: Just them. interviewer: right okay this expression say comparing how tall you are you might say well I'm not as tall as 741: As she is. interviewer: or she's not as tall as 741: I am. interviewer: or comparing how well you can do something you might say well he can do it better than 741: I can. interviewer: say if a man had been running for two miles and just after two miles he just had to stop you'd say that uh two miles is as he could go 741: As far as he could go. interviewer: a few possessives if something belongs to me I say that's 741: Mine. interviewer: if it belongs to uh you I say that's 741: Yours. Okay. interviewer: #1 yeah gotta kinda reorient yourself # 741: #2 {NW} Yes. # interviewer: #1 {NW} # 741: #2 {NW} # interviewer: or if it if it belongs to him that's 741: It's his. interviewer: if it's belongs to her 741: It's hers. interviewer: and it belongs to them 741: Theirs. Isn't it interesting how we say it's me it's #1 them it's # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: him and yet turn right around and use it correctly in another form. interviewer: Yeah. 741: But it's there's nothing can break me of that. You know I'll {C: laughing} say it #1 forever. # interviewer: #2 as far as # usage goes 741: #1 It's pretty common yeah. # interviewer: #2 now that sort of thing is yeah # sure what about uh oh if several people have been visiting you and they're all about to leave what might you say to 'em as a group if you'd like them to uh 741: Y'all come back. interviewer: what about uh if you were asking a group of people if something um belongs to them together for example you might say uh 741: {NW} #1 You know what I'd say. # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: Is that y'all's? {NW} That's what I'd say too. interviewer: Right that's right. 741: #1 say that's y'all's # interviewer: #2 well have # 741: that's that belongs to y'all that's that's y'all's isn't it? interviewer: uh-huh have you ever heard that uh as y'alls's? {X} 741: #1 No I haven't # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: heard #1 that but I've heard y'all's. # interviewer: #2 {X} # y'all's. say uh I had been to a party and for some reason you didn't get to go and later on you were asking me about it you wanted to know uh who was there and everybody that was there you would probably ask me what 741: Who all was there? interviewer: or say I had been to church on Sunday and Auxiliary: {D: I'm going to punch club tell 'em} I'm going to work Saturday and Sun- Saturday and Sunday 741: Okay. {NS} Now if {C: background noise} I was at you were at #1 church or I was at church? # interviewer: #2 yeah # if I was at 741: You were at #1 church and I # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 741: was not now go ahead. interviewer: right and you wanted to know later on what the minister said everything he said you'd ask me 741: Tell me everything he said. interviewer: you said a minute if he hadn't said a second ago you would ask me uh who all was there would you ever say well what all did he say 741: Yeah I'd say what all did he say now I very likely would probably it was the way you asked the question that I would say tell me if you wanted to know everything he said I'd say well tell me everything you said but I'd say y'all what all did he say yeah I I would. interviewer: {X} 741: I surely would. interviewer: well this 741: #1 Isn't that awful? # interviewer: #2 they say uh # 741: #1 It's just that # interviewer: #2 no it's # 741: #1 you # interviewer: #2 no # 741: know better and you just do it anyway. {NS} interviewer: say if uh this expression if if no one else will look after them you'll say they've gotta look after 741: Themselves. interviewer: or if no one else will do it for him he's gotta do it 741: Himself. interviewer: tell me about some different kinds of bread that you know about 741: Different kinds of bread. I don't say white bread if that's what you're looking for uh we just say bread it's just plain bread is white bread to us. Some people do say white bread. uh Whole wheat bread rye bread French bread um sourdough cornbread uh spoon bread. interviewer: Spoon bread. could you describe that? 741: Oh I wish I could. Most delightful dish ever invented by human beings. Well it's uh it's like cornbread. Except that it's baked with uh it's much much softer and you have to it's baked in a usually in a some sort of a casserole pan. And it has to be spooned out usually may have I think it's made with the egg whites. I've only tried to bake it once and I had a total disaster. The people that are good at baking it it's most wonderful. It's very very very light very delicate cornbread is what it is. interviewer: that's interesting that's the this is one of the rare times that I've ever gotten any response to that item when I try to investigate it people uh never heard about it 741: Never heard of spoon bread? interviewer: far as I if I try to describe it you know it's something made out of cornmeal and soft and you can you know spoon it out like uh almost mashed potatoes and they'd say oh well that's that's mush 741: #1 Mush? # interviewer: #2 something like that. # 741: #1 oh mercy # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: Mercy I don't know spoon bread it's just a real delicacy I'm just not very good at making it I wish I were. We had I had a mammy I guess you'd call it a black mammy when I was growing up. And she could make spoon bread oh and it was just you know with butter just melting on it and light as air oh interviewer: mm-hmm 741: just marvelous. interviewer: mm-hmm 741: And it's just lost. You know I just cannot ma- I've got the recipe for it but I just it separates the cornmeal separates. I do I don't know what I do wrong but I do something wrong and nobody else I know makes it. Although well occasionally for a luncheon or something someone will make hot spoon bread to go with a uh usually uh a light lunch for a ladies luncheon or something. interviewer: I see. well talking 741: #1 well you all have # interviewer: #2 about # 741: that in Alabama don't you? interviewer: #1 I have # 741: #2 spoon bread # interviewer: never seen it made. 741: You've never seen sp- oh. Oh dear you must have some sometime. You really #1 must it's # interviewer: #2 yeah # crackling bread I'm familiar #1 with I've had that # 741: #2 {X} # interviewer: plenty of times. 741: Spoon bread is a just a beautiful delicacy it really is just something. interviewer: well I wish I could uh 741: One of these days maybe you'll have #1 have it sometime. # interviewer: #2 I've never seen a recipe # for it either. 741: Strangely enough the last time I had some good spoon bread it was made by a woman from Florida. interviewer: Really. 741: Who was living here temporarily her husband was an engineer with uh but it oh it's good. interviewer: well talking about bread some people will say uh that just in generally there are two types of bread one's the type that uh you make at home call that homemade bread 741: #1 oh yeah # interviewer: #2 and the others # the type that 741: Store-bought. interviewer: store-bought. {NW} but talking 741: #1 yeah all of # interviewer: #2 about # 741: ours is uh store-bought. #1 I'm afraid # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # you mentioned cornbread have you ever heard of any type of cornbread that was made years ago in the fireplace maybe covered in ashes 741: I've heard of it I I don't know that it's ca- it's that it's called anything. interviewer: well have you ever heard of uh ashcake or something like that? 741: Yes I think I read it interviewer: {X} 741: and I don't think it came from around here. interviewer: Literary term. 741: mm-hmm interviewer: well what about uh these things that uh are round you know made with cornmeal have onions 741: corn muffins or if or s- oh oh well you're talking about hush #1 puppies. # interviewer: #2 yeah # eat 'em with fish 741: Right oh they're wonderful. interviewer: you said you make corn muffins? too 741: Oh I don't make 'em but my daughter loves 'em. uh You can get 'em frozen and just put 'em in the oven {C: laughing} {NW} I don't make 'em interviewer: courtesy of Morton's or whoever 741: right whoe- whoever. Uh but hush puppies I have I do we're not much bread eaters we- I'm always on a diet and my daughter has to diet my husband needs to diet. The only one is the tall lanky one there that #1 doesn't need to # interviewer: #2 he doesn't have a # problem. 741: #1 No problem # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: but the rest of us do and I just don't no br- no breads no desserts. It's just a standard interviewer: Yeah. 741: rule around here. But I can remember the things that my grandmother used to put on the #1 table. # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # well what about these flat fairly thin things that you can make with corn meal that are about the size of your hand I guess you just pour 'em out mix up a batter and pour 'em out cook 'em in a skillet that way are you familiar with the term hoecake? 741: Oh I'm f- uh I've I've heard of 'em. Uh like in folk songs or something but I #1 never have eaten one no I haven't eaten one. # interviewer: #2 but you have no idea what it's like # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # well what do you think what do you think of cornbread do you think of this thing about so thick maybe the same size as the skillet or a big round thing what what would if say a pone of cornbread what does that mean to you? anything 741: I've heard the term but I don't know what it really refers to pone. {D: I've heard of card} corn pones too but I I don't really know what they mean. interviewer: what about corn dodger? do you know what that is? 741: uh I've heard corn dodger used like a hush puppy. interviewer: Hush puppy synonymous with that? 741: I've assumed it was because I've heard people talking about oh if you're going to a fish fry or something you know says well we're gonna have hush puppies or we're gonna have corn dodgers. So I assumed they were the same thing it may not have been but I assumed they were the same thing but I've definitely heard and the people that I've heard use corn dodgers come from southeastern Arkansas. They don't come from around Clark county. Clark county uses hush puppies. interviewer: you have the cheerleaders playing or 741: Look yes it looks like we are. interviewer: #1 {X} # 741: #2 {X} # interviewer: #1 # 741: #2 # {D: We have major ed camps} #1 band camps cheerleader ca- # interviewer: #2 oh yeah # 741: #1 uh constantly over there # interviewer: #2 oh yeah # {X} 741: #1 much to the joy of my teenage son. # interviewer: #2 {X} # yeah {NW} camps out with binoculars {X} well what about these things uh a lot of people like to eat 'em for breakfast you mix up the batter with the flour and special mix and all this 741: Pancakes. interviewer: yeah you ever heard those called anything 741: Hot cake. interviewer: hot cakes 741: They're pancakes from to me from this area but after having been around the rest of the country I've learned to say hot cakes as well as pancakes but they're pancakes to me. interviewer: ever heard 'em called flapjacks 741: Oh yeah I've heard 'em called flapjacks. But pancakes is the I guess would be the indigenous term. interviewer: well what about these things uh you can make 'em at home uh they're made you mix the batter and you fry 'em in deep fat and they have a hole in the middle 741: Donuts? interviewer: have you ever heard of anybody taking uh a just a lump of that donut dough and cooking it that way 741: #1 Donut holes. # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # is that what you call 'em? 741: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 donut holes # That's interesting. 741: Why? what uh uh else are they #1 called? # interviewer: #2 don't # really think of a hole you know 741: #1 Well I know it but they you # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: know people would go out and buy donut holes. interviewer: right 741: #1 I I never will # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: forget when uh someone said they were gonna serve that for a brunch. #1 I mean serve # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: donut holes. interviewer: {NW} {X} about how much uh flour do you buy at a time uh 741: Oh I buy very little about never over five pounds. I just we just don't we're a weight watcher family. {NW} We just don't buy it interviewer: well what if you wanted to uh make some homemade bread what could you put in it to make it rise? 741: Yeast. interviewer: ever heard any other pronunciation for that? 741: Miss Ida uh calls it #1 east. # interviewer: #2 yeah # what about uh the two parts of an egg you say you have uh 741: The yolk and the white. interviewer: and the yolk is what color? 741: Yellow. interviewer: what about some different ways of preparing eggs that you know about 741: Oh my scrambled fried omelets uh boiled deviled just endless. interviewer: or you know there's this little contraption uh you can have that's has these little cups you know and you can manage to spin it on the 741: #1 Poached. # interviewer: #2 water # yeah what about the uh the little piece of meat that you can boil along with your green what do you call that? 741: Salt pork. interviewer: salt pork 741: Some people call it fatback. interviewer: does it have much lean on it? 741: Very little. Just a tiny bit running through it and real soft it occasionally you'll buy it now it doesn't have salt on it It's not as good it's got to be good and crusty with salt. interviewer: Yeah. well what about this meat that people like to eat uh for breakfast usually comes sliced and uh you fry it 741: Sausage. #1 oh # interviewer: #2 that or # 741: Bacon. interviewer: if you wanted to buy a lot of bacon and and but not have it sliced you'd say you bought a whole 741: Oh uh well I was gonna say raft it's not a raft uh side of bacon. Although I don't buy it that way. interviewer: well what about you know after you if you were slicing that bacon up there's that real tough edge 741: #1 Rind. # interviewer: #2 that # {D: have you ever heard uh a person call a side of bacon a middling?} 741: No. interviewer: Never heard that? 741: mm-mm. interviewer: is uh bacon the only type of meat that you know of that can be smoked 741: Oh ham. Ham can be sm- and turkeys. Just all kinds of meat can be smoked but particularly ham and turkeys are really good. that's an Arkansas well I'm sure it is probably all over but it there's uh Ozarks smokehouses are just #1 really famous. # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # well what do you call a man who deals in meat exclusively he's a 741: Butcher. interviewer: or say you kept you uh your meat too long you'd say that it's done what 741: I would say it's spoiled. interviewer: {X} you ever heard people say the meat's strong? 741: #1 that it smells strong? # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: I'm I never have interviewer: {X} 741: spoiled is the word I hear more than anything else. interviewer: {X} 741: #1 or rancid # interviewer: #2 some people # yeah some people tell me that uh that meat can get strong but it's not spoiled 741: Well it can interviewer: {X} 741: #1 kind of get a little bit ripe # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 {NW} # interviewer: #2 {NW} # uh you say rancid rancid would if you had uh kept your butter too long and it 741: #1 It can get rancid too. # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # have you ever heard people describe butter that's like that as being they'd say it got it's a little funky? 741: I've heard funky used #1 lots of ways # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 but I have not heard it used with butter. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # to describe rancid butter have you ever heard if uh making anything with some meat from a hog's head? 741: I've heard of uh brains and eggs but I don't is that a hog's brain it may #1 be. # interviewer: #2 yeah # pork brains what about souse 741: mm-mm interviewer: I don't guess you've heard anything called head cheese then 741: Do you know I just was reading a recipe for that. #1 uh # interviewer: #2 that right # 741: Yes out of a Charleston cookbook. Charleston South Carolina. I just happened to we were going over this uh it's called receipts and uh interviewer: {X} 741: I was looking through it I read recipe books like a novel and uh it said head cheese and I read the recipe. interviewer: {NW} 741: Have never made any. interviewer: Yeah. but you know I was surprised I I saw that stuff the first time packaged in these little plastic deals like you buy you know pre-sliced bologna or ham or whatever by uh Hormel or you know 741: #1 really? # interviewer: #2 something # souse there 741: #1 Souse so that's what souse is huh. # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: It's head cheese? interviewer: yeah 741: #1 huh # interviewer: #2 made # from the 741: {X} interviewer: meat from a 741: #1 just sounds awful I # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: just I don't know. #1 I don't just # interviewer: #2 not that bad # really. 741: #1 Well I'm sure it's not I just yeah yeah that's # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: what you have to do. interviewer: Yeah. well have you ever heard of uh making anything by uh cooking and grinding up hard liver? any kind of dish made with that? 741: Pate is the only liver dish I know of that making grinding up no. interviewer: this one this one's a bit repulsive but have you ever heard of of making uh anybody making a a dish out of hog's blood? 741: Oh y- uh yes I have but I thought that was a German dish interviewer: {X} 741: uh what's it called. um Like blood sausage but I think they call it something else. Uh uh yeah I've heard they take intestines and fill 'em up with blood and cook 'em somebody was tel- some psychologist over at Henderson was telling me about about this I #1 never have seen anybody. # interviewer: #2 {X} # {X} {NW} 741: He said it was really good I #1 that's not uh # interviewer: #2 sure # {NW} 741: that's not one of our usual #1 breakfast dishes. # interviewer: #2 no # {NW} uh well have you ever heard of uh this will probably well say taking the juice from the head cheese and mixing it up with cornmeal maybe some hog meat cooking it that way have you ever heard of anything like that? 741: I've heard of stuff like that well that was the same psychologist at Henderson he went into just a whole culinary {NW} lecture one day about all these things you could do with strange parts of a hog but uh interviewer: {X} Arkansas cooking 741: c- probably so he wanted to know how many people in the class knew about it I think one or two did but I've I was not familiar with it. interviewer: well have you ever heard of anything called scrapple? 741: I think that's yeah that's what they would've called it. And he said you can buy it in the store. interviewer: {X} 741: #1 in cans. # interviewer: #2 you know # I feel like an idiot asking that because I've really never seen it before uh 741: Well he said you can buy it in the store he loves scrapple and he oh well he calls it something he calls it a German term interviewer: Yeah. 741: but uh I've forgotten what the name of it was but it somebody else in the class when he described it said that's scrapple and he said yes that is uh an Arkansas term for it but the German term for it is something else. #1 and I'm not familiar with it # interviewer: #2 I think as a # matter of fact Arkansas is the only place I've ever gotten any response to that question matter of fact never got anything in Alabama or Tennessee or Mississippi 741: Well this this uh man is I assume has German origins or his wife does because he was descri- and most of the people in the class and most of the people in the class and they came from all over Arkansas had had no idea what he was talking about. #1 and # interviewer: #2 well # 741: I wouldn't have if {NW} if I hadn't been in that class when he was talking about it. interviewer: well what about this uh thick sour milk that you can keep 741: Sour cream? interviewer: or uh 741: Oh are you talking about clabber? interviewer: yeah 741: Now my grandmother talked about clabber. Uh she kept it and made it and I don't know what she did ate it maybe it's similar to yogurt I don't know. #1 She never # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: could get me to drink it. #1 I wouldn't touch it with a # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: ten foot pole. interviewer: {X} 741: But she kept it my grandmother did. interviewer: can you make anything from that? 741: I imagine. I I never have. I I just don't. interviewer: do you make cottage cheese from it? 741: You probably could interviewer: well say after uh after a farmer has milked his cows what would you say should do to the milk to get the impurities out 741: Pasteurize. interviewer: pasteurize it or say if you just passed it through a fine wire mesh you'd say that he was 741: #1 Strain # interviewer: #2 what? # 741: it I don't know. interviewer: what about something that you make for uh dessert in a deep dish say take uh slices of maybe apples or 741: #1 Cobbler. # interviewer: #2 peaches? # cobbler now is it is a cobbler the same thing as a pie to you? 741: um It not exactly. Because a pie is usually not as deep a dish as you say. And a cobbler is usually runnier I don't know why but it doesn't seem to hold together like a slice of pie you can pick it up and put it on a plate but a cobbler you quite often have to use a spoon spoon it up. It's just a a runnier thing they're good though they're good. interviewer: well so this expression say if somebody has a good appetite you'd say that well so and so really likes to put away his 741: Food. interviewer: ever heard that uh saying any other way? 741: #1 put away his # interviewer: #2 anything besides food # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: Chow. interviewer: do you ever hear people around here say vittles? 741: Really not. interviewer: Yeah. 741: That's Beverly Hillbillies is my first interviewer: {NW} 741: {NW} interviewer: exposure to vittles. 741: {D: Yeah it wasn't vittles right.} I I had seen victuals or #1 vittles # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: written #1 in books # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: and didn't know what it was. interviewer: well say if you were barbecuing some pork this uh when you cook along with it you might pour some more uh #1 {X} # 741: #2 Barbecue # sauce. interviewer: {X} now what about sauce and gravy is there a difference there? between a sauce and a gravy? 741: There is to me. I don't know I don't know exactly how to describe it. Gravy's made with the drippings of uh meat and sauces are usually made from something else. interviewer: in the case of barbecue sauce wouldn't you use the drippings of the meat there? 741: #1 mm-mm # interviewer: #2 or # {X} 741: No because you make it with uh tomato sauce and all #1 kinds of spices # interviewer: #2 I see # 741: and and the uh the fat in it is not the fat from the meat. interviewer: well what about food that you uh have between meals you'd say you're having a 741: Snack. Cheating. {NW} Sinning. {NW} interviewer: Yeah. well what about that word uh eat the past form you say yesterday #1 I? # 741: #2 I ate. # interviewer: and you have 741: Eaten. interviewer: I asked you about coffee I believe yesterday didn't I 741: I don't remember you may have. interviewer: we were talking about black coffee 741: #1 Oh yes. # interviewer: #2 being straight # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # barefooted and all 741: #1 yeah # interviewer: #2 that # {X} say uh on a hot day if you were thirsty instead of drinking some uh carbonated drink you might just go to the sink and pour yourself a 741: Some water. interviewer: and you would pour that into a 741: Glass. interviewer: different types of uh glasses any particular names for them uh {X} 741: Now my grandmother used the term water glass sometimes or uh I just say a glass. Glass is a glass is a glass to me but she would k- say a water glass go get a water glass or go get a uh tea glass or well you know whatever that sort of thing. interviewer: well what about uh 741: #1 or milk glass or # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 something # interviewer: #2 milk # glass 741: I don't know if milk glass and a water glass is the same thing. interviewer: what about a goblet? 741: A goblet was used as a stemmed uh glass. And we wouldn't use that just to go to the faucet #1 and get a # interviewer: #2 {NW} # better not anyway 741: You're right I'd get killed. interviewer: well what about the uh the verb drink the past form of that yesterday I 741: I drank. interviewer: and I 741: #1 I have # interviewer: #2 have # 741: drunk. interviewer: if you had some friends over for a meal and they were just standing around the table you might say well just don't stand there go ahead and 741: Be seated. interviewer: and that the word sit the past form 741: Sat. interviewer: and have 741: Sat. interviewer: or if you were if you were uh seated at the table and someone was passing the food around and uh they passed you something that you didn't like what would you say when it was offered to you 741: No thank you. interviewer: or if uh if you didn't want somebody to wait uh 'til something was passed you'd say well just go ahead and 741: Help yourself. interviewer: and that word help the past form is 741: Helped. interviewer: and I have 741: Helped. interviewer: or say food that's been uh uh heated and and served a second time you'd say that you're having 741: uh Well leftovers. interviewer: and you say that the food has been drawing a blank? 741: #1 Well I # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 I # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 {X} # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 I can't think of # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: anything you might be looking for. interviewer: do you ever say anything like warmed over or something like that 741: mm-mm interviewer: don't say that okay 741: Oh heavens I'm always so thankful that there's anything left over {D: dude you just} #1 can't imagine # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: in this house there's never anything {C: laughing} left over. interviewer: uh-huh 741: I we we don't even consider that leftovers cause it's usually better the next day anyway. interviewer: mm-hmm 741: Some people do I guess they warm it over I've seen it written anyway. interviewer: well when you begin to eat something you say you put it in your mouth and you begin to 741: Chew. interviewer: and let's see I mentioned a second ago say something prepared by taking cornmeal and boiling it in water putting in a little salt eating it that way 741: Yeah you're I think you're talking about mush. interviewer: yeah is that what you would call it? 741: I wouldn't call it #1 I wouldn't # interviewer: #2 wouldn't # 741: #1 eat it either. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: #1 {NW} # interviewer: #2 {NW} Okay. # well what about things like uh oh carrots peas beets and so forth they're all different kinds of 741: Vegetables. interviewer: or say this food that we eat here in the south particularly made up of uh ground corn you know eat it for a lot of people eat it for breakfast uh 741: Grits. interviewer: Yeah. 741: I thought that was hominy. interviewer: well #1 I think the hominy's the # 741: #2 Made from hominy. # interviewer: #1 the whole yeah # 741: #2 bigger bigger. # #1 thing yeah # interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 741: Has a little bit different flavor than corn it's interviewer: right right what's out of that another starchy food say uh it's well it's grown here in Arkansas 741: Rice. interviewer: right yeah I always tell my Arkansas people that I saw my first rice growing here in the state I think I said I was riding along the road and I saw this flooded field what in the world is that you know got all that water on the field never seen any growing before 741: Do you know uh there so amusing to me we we were in uh Connecticut for uh an interview right before we were sent Mike off to school. interviewer: {X} 741: We'd gone to a counseling service in Wallingford Connecticut and the man who was interviewing us you know asked something about you know well why were we interested in sending him to a prep school and this sort of thing and and I mentioned the fact that no matter how good your grades were from Arkadelphia High School that the better colleges wouldn't look at you. You could be valedictorian or you know have stra- never made anything but an A and and they wouldn't look at you I said and for example Rice University and he said Where? {NW} and I said Rice Univ- I said surely you've heard of Rice and he said oh yes but I couldn't understand what you were saying. interviewer: Rice. 741: #1 Rice hears Rice hears Rice University he did not # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: know what I was talking about. interviewer: rice 741: Rice. interviewer: {X} that's a good school 741: Yeah it is. interviewer: in Houston or down 741: Houston. interviewer: Houston what about uh uh alcoholic beverages you always hear about they're made up in the hills or in the mountains in Arkansas uh 741: {X} #1 Moonshine. # interviewer: #2 type you don't # pay tax on right have you ever heard 741: Bootleg. interviewer: bootleg 741: mm-hmm interviewer: anything besides uh moonshine or 741: Rotgut. #1 uh # interviewer: #2 {NW} # {NW} 741: Let's see what all uh moonshine rotgut bootleg. Seems like two three other terms too that don't come to mind right now. interviewer: do they call it white lightning around here 741: Not really. interviewer: really? 741: In spite of the well I've I've heard of heard that but I I really rotgut and moonshine is mostly what what you hear. interviewer: you ever tasted any of the 741: #1 no # interviewer: #2 stuff # say if something's cooking and it makes a good impression on your nose you might say mm just 741: Just smells great. interviewer: what well talking about pancakes a minute ago this uh stuff that people pour on their pancakes 741: #1 syrup # interviewer: #2 {X} # is there anything like that uh except maybe a little 741: #1 You're talking about molasses. # interviewer: #2 thicker yeah # is there a difference to you? or are they 741: #1 Oh # interviewer: #2 the same? # 741: heavens yes I ca- I don't like molasses. Molasses is too {X} well I guess maybe it's just the molasses that I have had. interviewer: mm 741: But it's usually uh to me or has a kind of a bitter taste to it I don't know what it is #1 it's just # interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 741: not the I don't kn- it's uh has a funny taste to me. Maybe it's the black sap molasses or something I have tasted but I have not cared for it now that syrup is much lighter. interviewer: {X} 741: And has a more delicate flavor #1 to me. # interviewer: #2 what is # what kind of uh syrup uh do you usually use? 741: When we use it which we don't usually it's it's maple. Log cabin. interviewer: you ever used any cane? syrup 741: only in cooking like uh Karo. interviewer: have you ever heard of uh something molasses around here made from sour 741: Uh yes that and they put that in uh feed by the #1 way. # interviewer: #2 yeah # it's always easy to tell when you're what do what do they call those places you know out in the field the big pits or something like that that they use uh in some kind of sourdough preparation but you can really smell the stuff a long way off what about uh this expression say if I have a belt that's made out of cow hide and it's it's a hundred percent cow hide I might say well now this isn't imitation cow hide it's 741: Genuine. interviewer: say if uh in the days before sugar was sold pre-packaged like it is now it might have been sold right out of the barrel you would say that the sugar's being sold how ever heard any expression for that? 741: Uh I I don't think so. You you can ask if you've got the term you may see if I've heard of it I can't think of anything off the bat. interviewer: ever heard uh people say well such and such being sold in bulk or bulk sugar or 741: #1 bulk sugar # interviewer: #2 being sold # 741: Not r- when I think of things being sold in bulk I think of it being like by the car load #1 or something. # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 You know I. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # uh have you ever heard the the term loose used sugar's being sold loose what else about something else that uh you might eat along say with hot biscuits you would 741: Honey. interviewer: yeah that or something 741: #1 Gravy. # interviewer: #2 like # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # that or made from different fruits you 741: Jelly. interviewer: yeah and 741: #1 Preserves. # interviewer: #2 {D: do you} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # what about the condiments that just about everybody has on the table 741: #1 salt and pepper # interviewer: #2 you have # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # or this expression say if uh I had a bowl of apples and peaches and offered it to you you might say well I don't think I care for a peach but an apple 741: I'll have an apple. interviewer: or give might say me an apple 741: Give me an apple. interviewer: say if you were pointing out some boys who had pulled some prank or something you might say well it wasn't these boys it was 741: Those boys. interviewer: or if you know or what about if uh 741: #1 Or it was # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: them. interviewer: yeah 741: I think that's what you're #1 looking # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 for I'd say it was them # interviewer: #2 {NW} # or if you were trying to tell somebody how to do something you might say well don't do it that way do it don't do it that way 741: #1 Do it # interviewer: #2 do it # 741: this way. interviewer: or uh what would you say the opposite of rich is? 741: Poor. interviewer: or uh say this expression I might say well when I was a boy my father was poor but next door was a boy 741: Poorer. #1 {NW} # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: #1 Or rich or whatever. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: #1 {NW} # interviewer: #2 That's right. # 741: What's {X} what's which end of the scale are you uh looking for? #1 {D: I will take} # interviewer: #2 well either # one will do what about uh say if you have uh a lot of peach trees growing together you would call that 741: An orchard. interviewer: you remember the uh the type of tree that Washington was supposed to have 741: #1 The cherry # interviewer: #2 cut? # 741: tree. interviewer: what do you call the the hard inside part of a cherry 741: The pit. interviewer: what about this uh uh uh hard inside part of a peach what do you call that 741: Peach pit. interviewer: peach pit okay well you know there are some peaches uh the the meat of the peach is tight against the pit and you really have to get in there and cut it out have you ever heard of that type of peach called anything particular? 741: mm-mm interviewer: never heard people talk about a cling peach 741: I thought that was something that came in cans. interviewer: #1 Yeah. {NW} # 741: #2 {NW} # interviewer: well what about the the other type that uh the uh the pit uh you know falls out pretty easily comes out easy 741: I didn't know there was that difference. interviewer: you ever heard of a freestone? 741: I I know that there are brands cling and freestone and and different things like that but I had no idea that interviewer: I didn't either. 741: #1 cling peaches cling peaches # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: are usually what I buy when I buy 'em canned if I don't buy 'em fresh. interviewer: {X} 741: I don't know what they grow out here at A- at uh Amity. interviewer: at where? 741: Amity. interviewer: what is that 741: It's a little town. A-M-I-T-Y. Amity. interviewer: grow a lot of fruit out there? 741: They have peach orchards. interviewer: oh I see well what about the part of an apple that's left after you've eaten uh from 741: #1 The core. # interviewer: #2 around # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # have you ever heard of people around here uh cutting up uh peaches or apples and letting 'em dry and uh using 'em that way 741: Oh I know people use dried apples. interviewer: what do you use 'em for 741: Well you can use 'em for baking or just eating. interviewer: you ever heard 'em called anything other than just uh 741: Dried apples? interviewer: dried apple what about uh what are the types of nuts that grow around here 741: Pecans and and uh what else does we have pecan trees in our yard so uh well I'm drawing a blank on that I'm sure we have lots of nuts that grow around here. interviewer: you have uh well what about these nuts you know that grow in the ground 741: Oh the peanuts? interviewer: yeah you ever heard that called anything else? 741: Goobers. interviewer: goobers yeah that's a big crop where I'm from well what about walnuts you have those grow around here 741: We must have I know we have walnut trees but I've I really can't ever remember seeing any on the market or knowing anybody that uh. They parch chestnuts and parch pecans but interviewer: mm-hmm 741: not well not don't know about any walnuts. interviewer: well you know uh this part of the walnut that will stain your fingers you know when you pick 'em 741: I never have #1 picked any # interviewer: #2 you have the # softer part of it you know what that 741: mm-mm interviewer: you ever heard people talk about the hull of the of a nut the hull 741: the hull yeah interviewer: is there anything different from that maybe harder the part that you crack 741: The shell. interviewer: {X} this probably may not grow around here but they're usually available in stores around Christmas time uh kind of a a long flat backed uh 741: Little almond. interviewer: almond what about this fruit that grows in Florida and in California kinda rivals over uh 741: Grapefruit? interviewer: that or a small one you know uh 741: Tangerine? Or oranges. #1 Or # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # well what about say if I had a uh a bowl of oranges I might say well that bowl was full this morning but now it's but now they're 741: Empty they're gone. interviewer: uh-huh yeah what about this uh red uh red colored root vegetable 741: #1 Beets. # interviewer: #2 it's uh # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # beets or this these are kinda real hot some people put 'em in green salad you know 741: Oh radishes. interviewer: or what about another uh vegetable uh red uh you know these would go in green salad too 741: #1 Red onions. # interviewer: #2 sliced up # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # onions or uh just a plain ol' uh {NW} they grow on these plants you know lot of people have in their gardens 741: I don't know are you talking about rutabagas? #1 I don't know what you're talking about # interviewer: #2 no nothing exotic # 741: #1 nothing exotic # interviewer: #2 just a # regular ol' 741: a regular red vegetable you would put in a s- oh tomatoes. interviewer: {NW} 741: Oh for heaven's sake. interviewer: oh but do you have the small ones around here 741: #1 The little cherry tomatoes? # interviewer: #2 about # cherry tomatoes you mentioned onions what about these small ones with the long stalk are those called any 741: #1 We # interviewer: #2 thing # 741: call 'em green onions here they call 'em leeks in of course the leeks that I've seen in the fancy food stores in Little Rock are bigger than our green onions. But I've using recipes I think they're interchangeable. interviewer: what about uh different types of potatoes or 741: #1 Sweet potatoes and # interviewer: #2 grow around # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: Irish potatoes. interviewer: have you ever heard sweet potatoes called anything else? 741: Uh yams. interviewer: Yams. 741: I the only in terms of candied #1 it's candied ya- # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: sweet potatoes and it's candied yams. interviewer: I see 741: But it's uh sweet potato is what they mostly call it around here interviewer: well what about this uh another type of vegetable that's oh they usually kind of long and slender green you can either cut 'em up fry 'em or uh you know stick 'em 741: #1 Okra? # interviewer: #2 {X} # yeah or say if uh if you leave uh an apple out in the in the sun it's liable to dry up and 741: Shrivel up and. interviewer: what about vegetables that come in heads? 741: Lettuce cabbage. interviewer: or uh what about some different types of beans that'll grow around here 741: Green beans peas no let's see oh just beans huh. Green beans and lima beans and butter beans. interviewer: #1 is that a type that you have to # 741: #2 {X} # interviewer: uh they come in the pods 741: #1 That you have to # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: string 'em? interviewer: or uh 741: #1 after you # interviewer: #2 Snap 'em. # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: or and you just say if you've got a bunch of 'em you have to sit there and Snap 'em. interviewer: snap 'em or if you have to 741: String 'em I call it string 'em. interviewer: call it string 'em? does that mean uh shell same 741: Oh you're talking about shelling #1 peas. # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: {D: No it well you don't} #1 don't shell beans you shell # interviewer: #2 {X} # what about 741: #1 well now butter beans yeah you'd shell butter beans # interviewer: #2 {X} # yeah 741: But uh and you shell peas. #1 But you # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 741: string beans #1 or snap beans. # interviewer: #2 or snap beans # always liked to snap 'em that was 741: #1 Yeah you have to string 'em first and then snap 'em. # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: Some people calls it call 'em snap beans. interviewer: uh-huh well what about if you uh cut the tops off a lot of turnips and cooked 'em that way you'd say you were cooking a mess of 741: Greens. interviewer: ever heard that called anything else? 741: I m- #1 maybe I # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: don't know what. interviewer: have you ever heard people talk about turnip sallet? 741: Heard 'em say poke sallet. interviewer: poke sallet 741: But that's wild. Poke is a interviewer: Yeah. 741: definite uh varmint. #1 {NW} # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: I don't know that I've had {X} and I think you spell it sallet S-A-L-A-T. interviewer: yeah right or maybe S-A L-L-I-T. 741: S-A-L-L #1 I-T I don't # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: know what it is but anyway that's uh interviewer: {X} 741: uh no I d- I never have uh interviewer: well if you were going to send me to the store to buy some lettuce you'd probably tell me to go get 741: Go get three heads of lettuce. interviewer: have you ever heard of a person refer uh to his children say he had so many head of children 741: No but I've heard 'em {C: laughing} say head of cattle. interviewer: head of cattle well what about this say uh if a man had seven boys and seven girls referring to the number there you'd say he just had a whole 741: Mess of kids. interviewer: mess of kids you heard that 741: mm-hmm interviewer: is there any other way of uh 741: #1 or a bunch of kids # interviewer: #2 say that bunch of kids # do people around here say anything like well so and so's just got a whole passel of kids 741: A passel. Most of the time they may say a mess or a mess of kids. I I don't know why I think of that but they they really have a bunch. interviewer: what's a what about uh you know the outside covered interviewer: do you know anything about El Dorado? 741: Well what about it? interviewer: well uh I went down there uh yesterday after and after I left here just to scout around a bit and I saw some kind of well 741: #1 oil well # interviewer: #2 {X} # are those those the oil wells #1 down there # 741: #2 mm-hmm # interviewer: well I'll be darned {X} 741: Right it there's uh oil along in here somewhere #1 out there. # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: We're hoping someday they'll find it here. interviewer: {X} this uh oil well there you know that's unattended. #1 mm-hmm # 741: #2 It was just # interviewer: pumping away. 741: #1 They had a # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: real oil boom uh back before I can remember but somewhere back in there. interviewer: do you have any idea what size town El Dorado is? 741: Pretty good size town uh but I don't really know. I'd say like thirty thousand I'm guessing. interviewer: uh-huh let's see I was gonna ask you about the uh outside covering of an ear of corn you call that the 741: Shuck. interviewer: what about that part that grows right out the top 741: The silks. interviewer: is that uh uh when I think of silks I think of uh 741: The hair #1 hairy looking. # interviewer: #2 yeah right on the # cob you know that you brush #1 off but # 741: #2 Yeah. # interviewer: you know when it's growing it's still on the on the stalk there's a the stuff that uh grows right out the top of it and I think some people distinguish it have you ever heard it called the tassel the corn tassel? 741: mm-mm interviewer: have you ever heard uh of corn that's tender enough to be eaten right off the cob called anything in particular 741: Just corn off the cob. interviewer: {X} you ever heard people around here talk about roasting ears 741: Mm yes I have but I didn't know that that was the connotation. interviewer: what about this uh big thing that uh people buy around Halloween you know 741: #1 The pumpkin? # interviewer: #2 make jack # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # or this vegetable that most of it's yellow with a crook neck. 741: Squash. interviewer: what about some different types of melons 741: #1 Watermelon. # interviewer: #2 uh # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: Cantaloupe. Honeydew melon. It's all I think of right now. interviewer: are there different colored uh {D: meats} as far as watermelons are concerned? 741: There's red and yellow interviewer: red and yellow 741: Mostly red. interviewer: {NW} you know if there's any way to to tell what color you got other than to 741: mm-mm interviewer: {NW} without cutting it. 741: mm-mm Now there may be but I don't know what it is. interviewer: what about these small things that are about this size sometimes you see 'em growing wild in people's yards they kinda look like uh uh umbrellas that are open you know they have a slender stalk and they're wide at the top looks like a little 741: #1 Mushroom? # interviewer: #2 umbrella # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # is there is there a type 741: #1 well I mean a # interviewer: #2 of that # 741: Toadstool. interviewer: is that the same thing to you? 741: No. interviewer: {X} what's the 741: They're well they {NW} they're uh toadstools are not edible mushrooms are toadstools are poisonous. interviewer: well say if lemme ask you of this expression say if a man has a sore throat and his uh throat's all swollen he might say well I'd like to eat such and such but my throat's swollen and I just can't 741: Swallow. interviewer: what about these things that people smoke some people smoke some people 741: Cigarettes. interviewer: or the longer thicker 741: Cigars. interviewer: say if uh uh some people were at a party and somebody sat down to play the piano people might gather around and they begin 741: Singing. interviewer: or somebody told uh a funny story uh {NS} {X} if it was a good one everybody might start 741: Laughing. interviewer: say if uh somebody offered to do you a favor you might say well I appreciate it but I just don't wanna be 741: Obligated. interviewer: or say if somebody asked you to do a certain job you might say well sure I do that 741: I'll be glad to. interviewer: or or say if uh you're not able to do something you might say well I'd like to but I just 741: Can't. However let me qualify that uh. I've worked on {X} can't does I gotta be honest and say can't is one of our Clark county interviewer: Can't do {NS} 741: just can't do it. {NW} Sometimes can't comes out I'm always surprised when it does #1 but it does come out. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # Right. well what about uh oh say if uh if a farmer was looking at his corn and uh it seemed unusually short for this time of year you might say something like well that's funny at this time of year it to be taller 741: Ought to be taller. interviewer: or what about uh say if uh if you heard hear of a boy who got a spanking you might say well I'll bet he did something he 741: #1 Shouldn't have. # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # ever hear people say oughtn't have? 741: Probably. interviewer: say uh if you're refusing to do something in a very strong way and I say well now I don't care how many times you ask me do that I just 741: Won't. interviewer: or uh to say suggesting the possibility of your being able to do something 741: #1 I might. # interviewer: #2 you might say # {D:-ight} ever hear people around here say well I might could do that for you 741: mm-hmm Might could mm-hmm. #1 yeah # interviewer: #2 do you # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # or are you aware of yourself using that do you think 741: I probably do I'm not aware of myself doing it but I I might. {NS} interviewer: you do hear it pretty good bit around 741: #1 Oh # interviewer: #2 here # 741: yes I might could yes and that that is definitely used. interviewer: what about this uh bird that is supposed to be able to see in the dark makes a kind of hoot you know sound 741: Oh an owl. {C: crashing noise} {NS} interviewer: yeah do you know about different types of uh 741: All I've heard is hoot owls and screech owls and that's about it. interviewer: do you know the difference is there a difference in size 741: #1 I have no idea. # interviewer: #2 {D: or anything say no} # idea okay well what about this bird that drills holes in trees 741: Woodpeckers. interviewer: you ever heard them called anything else? 741: Peckerwoods. interviewer: have you ever heard a person call another person peckerwood 741: Yes I have. interviewer: what is that supposed to mean? any idea? 741: No. interviewer: don't know would it be a flattering term 741: #1 Uh it's not a flattering # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: term but it's usually an affectionate term. interviewer: is that right 741: {D: They say} oh that peckerwood didn't you know just like that old so and so but it's usually it's not usually used with an enemy around here it's usually a uh good buddy. interviewer: well what about uh uh this animal has black fur with a white stripe down 741: #1 A skunk. # interviewer: #2 its back # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # call those anything else? people around here ever say polecat? 741: Have you heard polecat used and I know that it's that that is a word for skunk but I I don't I don't really think they use it. Polecat is not common usage for it. interviewer: well is there 741: #1 But now they'll # interviewer: #2 something # 741: call a person a polecat. interviewer: Okay. 741: It means he smells bad. interviewer: #1 {NW} Is that right? # 741: #2 Right. # interviewer: well is there something like a skunk uh or a polecat except uh a little bit different still get some of that bad odor 741: #1 That bad smell? # interviewer: #2 you know # yeah 741: I don't not that I know of. There prob- may be. interviewer: have you ever heard of a civet cat? 741: A what? interviewer: civet cat 741: No. interviewer: well that that that's that's funny because I had never heard of a civet cat before I came to Arkansas 741: Well spell it. interviewer: oh now I can't now how do you spell that it's uh it's either C-E or C-I-V-I-T. civet 741: Never heard of that. interviewer: it's well it's like a skunk but it's very similar to a skunk but instead of a solid white stripe down its back it it the stripes are abbreviated you know they're kind of broken up so it's more spotted 741: hmm interviewer: than it is. 741: #1 Never heard of that. # interviewer: #2 {D: saw} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # they're around here there are all different ones but uh glad I ran into a native of Arkansas who didn't know what it was either feel pretty ignorant what about uh uh these animals with uh bushy tails that run around the trees 741: Squirrels. interviewer: Different types? {NW} 741: I have no idea. interviewer: heard people talk about uh gray squirrel or a fox squirrel 741: Tree squirrels uh. I have heard of different kinds but I've really never paid much attention. interviewer: well is there something like a squirrel except uh doesn't climb trees doesn't 741: #1 Ground squirrel. # interviewer: #2 {D: have it} # ground squirrel is that the same thing as what somebody might call a chipmunk? do you know 741: I have no idea. interviewer: {X} 741: I didn't think it was. I haven't seen chipmunks around here. Or I don't believe we have 'em. interviewer: well what do you know what some of the common of fresh water fish are they're 741: {D: Crappie and brim and and uh} catfish and and perch and trout. interviewer: what about some say seafood that's available in stores 741: Shrimp and lobster and uh crab and uh ocean catfish. interviewer: what about these things you know you hear about being served on a half shell 741: Oysters. interviewer: what about 741: #1 You can't # interviewer: #2 uh # 741: get those in a store here. interviewer: oh yeah 741: You can get 'em in Little Rock and some of the restaurants in uh Hot Springs have 'em flown in. interviewer: really? 741: But you can't you can't uh you can't buy 'em in a store. Oh well you might get canned but who would want 'em? interviewer: yeah {NW} what about uh this animal that stays around water a lot and makes a croaking noise 741: Frog. interviewer: is there anything that you call the the type of frog that does stay around water uh you ever heard it called anything particular 741: All I've heard of #1 bullfrogs and # interviewer: #2 bullfrogs # 741: and uh of course we eat frog #1 legs. # interviewer: #2 Right. # right I noticed that on a lot of menus in 741: #1 Oh they # interviewer: #2 restaurants. # 741: #1 {X} # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: Have you eaten any? interviewer: no I haven't 741: They're really good. It took me years to particularly after I had gone through the anatomy lab interviewer: yeah 741: And we had had to you know do these little interviewer: watch him jump 741: #1 watch 'em jump you know there wasn't any # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: way I was gonna eat a frog leg #1 but # interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 741: they really are good. interviewer: well does 741: #1 Very good. # interviewer: #2 the meat taste # similar to any other 741: Chicken. And that well they say it does it's much fishier than that but it's really good white meat. interviewer: well is there uh a different type of uh frog that you know the type that stays around your garden or just on land primarily rather than anywhere on the water like a bullfrog 741: Oh there probably are I've just little #1 Toad frogs. # interviewer: #2 toad # frogs. have you ever seen these tiny little frogs that don't grow much larger than that uh some people say they come out after a storm you know 741: Right they do. Or well they they do #1 show up # interviewer: #2 or it # rains. 741: #1 I can't remember I don't know # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: remember any name for 'em interviewer: ever heard 'em called tree frogs around here? or 741: I've heard tree frogs. Yeah and there are tree frogs they have little funny looking things on their what I call their fingers. interviewer: yeah 741: Toes I guess. interviewer: where do people bring people who fish around here what do they use mostly for bait any idea 741: They use minnows and uh worms. And and of course then they've got all kinds of fly tackle and interviewer: yeah 741: that kind of stuff. interviewer: have you ever heard different uh different names for those worms uh fishermen use different 741: #1 Earthworms. # interviewer: #2 names for 'em # 741: um That's all I can think of right now. interviewer: call 'em wigglers or red worms or something like that 741: I've heard 'em talking about that but I thought they were talking about an artificial bait. interviewer: what about this animal that uh you find it around the water too it has this shell you know 741: Turtle. interviewer: Turtle. what about uh the variety that's that stays on land most of the time dry land turtle 741: {X} Snapping turtles? I don't know. interviewer: Just not sure. you you ever heard people around here uh talk about terrapins? 741: Terrapin yeah. interviewer: you know what uh people in my kind part of the country call a terrapin a land turtle call it a gopher 741: A gopher? interviewer: uh-huh 741: huh interviewer: still uh you know I guess you would associate with the little rodent 741: #1 Right right I would. # interviewer: #2 furry little yeah # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # they don't have gophers in Alabama but some especially the 741: #1 I'd call 'em a a terrapin. # interviewer: #2 older people call a # terrapin a gopher. well what about this thing uh some people use these for bait they uh they're in streams got little claws on 'em 741: #1 Crawfish. # interviewer: #2 uh # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # you ever heard that called anything besides crawfish 741: Crayfish. But around here we call 'em crawfish. interviewer: ask you about some different insects you know in at night sometimes you'll see these insects flying around uh a light 741: #1 Moths. # interviewer: #2 {X} # {X} is that uh I guess that's the same thing that will uh eat holes in your #1 clothes? # 741: #2 mm-hmm # interviewer: {X} well what about this insect that uh you might see flying around at night you know blinking on and off 741: Oh uh fireflies but that's not what we call 'em. lightning bugs. interviewer: or what about this insect that uh you find around water but deep the air and they also have a long slender body and couple of pairs of transparent wings and uh you know sometimes it'll light on your pole and lantern 741: Right. interviewer: {X} 741: #1 uh # interviewer: #2 uh # 741: Dragonfly. interviewer: dragonfly ever 741: #1 Witch doctor. # interviewer: #2 heard that # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # is that what it is 741: mm-hmm Snake doctor. #1 Snake doctor. # interviewer: #2 snake doctor # 741: That's what it is. interviewer: ever heard people uh you you have any idea why they called it snake doctor 741: Have no idea. interviewer: somebody somebody gave me an explanation for that just a few days ago he said uh it's uh you're supposed to kill all the snake doctors you see because because that's what they do they'll take they'll make a sick snake well 741: #1 Oh you're kidding # interviewer: #2 {NW} # that's what he told me said they'll they'll make an injured snake well so you oughta kill all the snake doctors that you see that's the first expla- 741: #1 That's marvelous I have # interviewer: #2 nation I heard for that # 741: never heard that. in fact I've I haven't really heard 'em called uh snake doctors in years. And it just came to me interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 741: #2 you know just # and I said witch doc- then snake doctor. interviewer: ever heard those things called mosquito hawks around here 741: mm-mm interviewer: what about some insects around here that um sting 741: Bees wasps mosquitoes I say but they don't really sting. interviewer: yeah and what about these uh things that make this great big paper nest up in a tree 741: Uh th- dirt daubers. Oh wasps. interviewer: most most 741: Dirt daubers {D: they use} #1 they have # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: the little mud things. interviewer: yeah #1 I # 741: #2 um # interviewer: usually think of uh the wasps as 741: #1 Yellow jackets. # interviewer: #2 having uh # yeah the yellow jackets some of these are kinda they they really give a bad sting if uh uh if they get after you hornets got those around here? just not sure 741: If there's any difference between a hornet and a yellow jacket and a wasp I don't know what it is. interviewer: well what about uh have you ever heard of any type of uh little insect that might burrow up under your skin make it itch 741: Chiggers. interviewer: yeah uh is that the same thing as what some people call red 741: #1 uh-huh # interviewer: #2 bugs # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # well what about uh some different types of snakes you know uh 741: Water moccasins and and uh copperheads every kind of {D: baddie} you can think of we've got it. {D: Just uh} yeah. Course we've got green snakes and and uh cotton did I say cottonmouths interviewer: {X} 741: rattlesnakes. {NW} interviewer: do you have the little coral snake around here 741: I think so I've never seen one myself. interviewer: ever heard people mention uh king snakes 741: mm-hmm interviewer: what about these uh insects that you see hopping around your yard some of 'em green some of 'em black uh 741: Grasshoppers? interviewer: you ever heard those called anything else? 741: Uh yeah I have let's see what. Mostly grasshoppers uh. interviewer: you know when we were talking about woodpeckers you said you heard uh you could call 'em peckerwoods you ever heard hoppergrass? 741: hmm-mm interviewer: never heard that these things uh that will sometimes collect in the corners of your ceiling you know that 741: #1 Spiders. # interviewer: #2 {D: have} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # is that you know that you just have to brush it out with a something or another is that what you call it just you know it's this filmy stuff 741: #1 The spiderwebs. # interviewer: #2 uh # yeah ever heard that called anything 741: #1 Cobwebs. # interviewer: #2 besides that cobweb # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # now is that the same thing as uh what you might see outside say strung between bushes or something like that same thing 741: It's what I'd call it. It's the same thing. interviewer: what about the uh part of the tree that grows under ground you'd call that a 741: Roots. interviewer: is there a tree around here that you can uh tap for syrup? 741: Around here? Oh heavens I don't know unless it would be the sweetgum tree I have no idea. And I'm not I don't think y- I don't think that you can for that. interviewer: you don't have maples 741: #1 No. # interviewer: #2 around here # 741: Well uh we do but I don't I've never known anybody to tap it for uh for syrup. interviewer: well if you had a lot of those maples growing together you'd say you had a 741: uh interviewer: of maple 741: I wanna say an orchard but that's not what I'd say and I wouldn't say an arbor either. uh A stand of 'em. interviewer: {X} what about grove? 741: #1 Grove yeah. # interviewer: #2 {X} # here say that 741: Grove yes. interviewer: well what are some of those different types of trees that are common to 741: Well pine trees is the most common by far. Pine trees and oak trees course magnolia trees pecan trees uh dogwood very common. uh Gum trees sweetgum trees is what they call 'em. They're very pretty too they turn uh yellow and all kinds of pretty colors in the fall. uh That's the most common {D: of 'em any}. interviewer: any sycamores 741: Not too many of 'em I think not that I know of. interviewer: is there any kind of bush that it grows around here with uh these bright red berries uh you used to hear um old people using 'em in tanning leather {NW} 741: I don't know there are a lot of bushes with bright red berries there of course there are hollies and there uh oh what I call nandinas and some people call 'em nandinas {C: pronunciation} and they're uh uh there's uh oh what's that really pretty one that blooms in the fall. Pyracantha interviewer: {NW} 741: has beautiful red berries. interviewer: anything around here called a {D: shoemake}? 741: uh I I think that's I think that's what we call poison ivy that or #1 poison oak. # interviewer: #2 really? # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: I'm not sure. interviewer: well I'm so ignorant of plants it might very well be well what about different types of berries Auxiliary 1: mother I'm going to clean up the safe 741: Oh okay I'll be right there Mike. About five minutes. Auxiliary 1: okay I'll see you over there 741: #1 Okay. # Auxiliary 1: #2 then # 741: {NW} uh Different kind of berries strawberries blueberries blackberries raspberries um {NS} That's all I can think of right now. interviewer: Gotcha. 741: Holly berries uh. interviewer: any type of laurel growing around here? 741: Not that I know. {NS} interviewer: {D: plays half over my tape} what about rhododendron? 741: Yes there are there is some mm-hmm. Although if you asked me to find you some I probably couldn't do it but I there are people #1 who are # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 741: into plants talking #1 about it. # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # what would you call a woman whose husband has died she would be a 741: Widow. interviewer: have you ever heard any term used to describe uh a woman whose husband hasn't died but he's just left any particular type of 741: Abandoned. I don't know. {C: laughing} interviewer: {NW} you ever heard people talk about a grass widow? 741: A grass yes I've heard that. #1 I've heard # interviewer: #2 heard that # 741: that term. interviewer: {X} what about uh when you were young what did you call your your mother 741: Mama. interviewer: what about your father 741: Daddy. interviewer: and your grandparents 741: {NW} Well I had very strange names for them. interviewer: {X} 741: I called my uh paternal grandparents Mimi and Bob. Mimi came from {D: Minnibelle} interviewer: uh-huh 741: and Bob came from that was his name. interviewer: mm-hmm 741: Robert. {B} And then my maternal grandparents I called {D: Didi} and Bonnie. And I don't know Bonnie m- my grandmother Bonnie liked she wanted that name because it meant pretty. uh But um {D: Didi} they don't have any idea why I started calling him {D: Didi} But that's what I called him and then all the rest you know I was the oldest grandchild everyone else called him {D: Didi} too. interviewer: {X} well say if uh a child has a 741: Oh that's the this might I don't know if it'd be interesting or #1 not but my father # interviewer: #2 {D: sure go head} # 741: called his mother {D: Mamia}. The same one I called uh Mimi. interviewer: sounds a little Italian what about uh a name that a child is known by oh say just by members of his own family they've given him a name and 741: Pet name. interviewer: pet name or what about this thing that uh is that your phone? 741: That's my daughter's phone. interviewer: {X} uh this thing with wheels that you can put a baby in it and you know it'll lie down and 741: Baby buggy. interviewer: baby buggy what would you say you were doing uh uh if you put the baby in you might say well I think I'll take the baby buggy and go out 741: For a walk. interviewer: For a walk. 741: I wouldn't say perambulate #1 or anything like that. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # roll the baby or something have you ever heard that roll it around or 741: Uh well I'm sure I have uh we just just say go for a walk. interviewer: go for a 741: Or we'll go for a ride one or the other. Although we usually use strollers and not baby buggies. Baby buggies have really gone out. interviewer: what is that is that uh you mentioned perambulator is that contracted to pram seems like 741: I think it probably it is it's not a term that's used #1 in this part # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: of the country. interviewer: well what about a woman who's uh about to have a baby you'd say she's 741: Pregnant. interviewer: anything else you've heard 741: #1 Full term. # interviewer: #2 that # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # what 741: Full term. interviewer: {X} 741: if she's just about to well you're getting into medicine now interviewer: #1 Oh. # 741: #2 you're gonna you're gonna. # interviewer: now but that that's technical 741: #1 That's a technical term. # interviewer: #2 term this I # see 741: Oh I maybe but it's one used by medical people. interviewer: yeah I never heard that before 741: She's full term that means she's gonna have it the baby's ready. interviewer: well it are there any other expressions besides uh pregnant that you've uh heard people use around here 741: P-G uh expecting. uh interviewer: you ever heard uh people say well so and so's in the family way 741: yes but that's interviewer: {NW} 741: that just the older #1 people really antiquated right. # interviewer: #2 kinda antiquated uh-huh # 741: mm-hmm interviewer: well have you ever heard anybody say well so and so swallowed a pumpkin seed or something 741: #1 Yes I've heard that that's also antiquated. # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # what would you call a if a doctor's not available to deliver uh sometimes a woman might be 741: #1 Midwife. # interviewer: #2 called in # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # ever heard her called anything else? 741: I think so but I'm not sure. interviewer: {D: granny woman} 741: #1 No not. # interviewer: #2 never heard never # 741: mm-mm interviewer: this expression uh say if a boy has a same color hair and eyes as his father maybe his nose is shaped the 741: #1 The spitting # interviewer: #2 same # 741: image. interviewer: yeah or you might say well the boy his father. 741: Takes after his father. interviewer: or say if uh a woman has taken care of three children until after they're fully grown you'd say that she's 741: Raised 'em. interviewer: if uh the child has been misbehaving you might tell him now well if you do that again I'm gonna give you a good 741: Whipping. #1 I'm gonna say I'll # interviewer: #2 anything # 741: wear you out. interviewer: {NW} 741: or turn you over to my checkered apron. interviewer: {NW} 741: not that I've ever had a checkered apron but that's an old {C: laughing} expression. interviewer: checkered apron yeah well what about say if uh a boy has uh oh two inches taller this year than he was last year you might say well my goodness you sure have 741: Grown. interviewer: what would you call a child that's born to an unmarried woman it'd be a what 741: I'd call it an it- illegitimate child I don't interviewer: ever heard any other 741: oh bastard or uh I'm s- I think they've got other terms than too. interviewer: ever heard one called a woods colt? 741: No. interviewer: Never heard that? 741: No. interviewer: what about a volunteer? 741: No. {C: laughing} #1 {NW} # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: A volunteer. {C: laughing} #1 {NW} # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: #1 that's pretty good. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: {NW} interviewer: makes sense 741: Yes it's true just little surprise. interviewer: what about uh uh if you're you had a brother and he had a son that son would be your 741: Nephew. interviewer: and if your mother had a sister she would be your 741: Aunt. interviewer: what do you call a child that's lost its parents it's a 741: Uh it's an orphan. interviewer: and the adult that's appointed to look af- 741: #1 The guardian. # interviewer: #2 -ter # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # say if your house were uh full of people like your uncles and aunts and cousins and nieces people like that you'd say the house is full of your 741: Relatives. interviewer: you {D: need} a anything else? 741: Kin but I'd I wouldn't really use it. I mean I've I hear it but it's it's full of relatives. I I would say relatives. #1 Or kinfolks. # interviewer: #2 well what about yeah # 741: Now my now my grandfather would have said kinfolks. interviewer: mm-hmm 741: That he always talked about kinfolks. Which is another term that uh that I thought of after you left that is uh which I'm sure is all over the South uh and it's the meaning of it's being lost now that's the wor- the our meaning for folks what folks interviewer: yeah 741: #1 are # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # person's folks meaning his relatives. 741: His relatives and also someone who is folks as opposed to someone who is not #1 folks. # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 You know and uh # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: even my generation a lot of people have no idea what that term means. interviewer: well do you use people in the same way so and so's people 741: Yeah people for relatives. interviewer: #1 {X} # 741: #2 uh-huh # Their folks. Uh fact I still use folks interchangeable with relatives even more than I do kin. interviewer: Hmm right. well what about uh this expression say if somebody's telling you about somebody who who looks a good deal like you you might say well that might be so but actually I'm no to her 741: Uh I might I would say kin to her. I would say kin to her. I'm no or I'm not related but I'd u- I would probably say I'm no kin to her. interviewer: well say if someone who comes into town uh that nobody's ever seen before you'd call him a 741: Newcomer. Stranger. interviewer: or say somebody who comes in from another country he would be a 741: Foreigner. interviewer: and would you necess- would you ever use the word foreigner uh to describe somebody who's not necessarily from another country have you ever heard people do that? 741: No I I don't think so I may have but I don't. interviewer: have you ever heard some old timer say well he's just a ol' foreigner 741: Foreigner {C: pronunciation} yeah. interviewer: {NW} 741: Uh-huh uh yeah I have heard that #1 too right. # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # what about uh do you need to go somewhere? 741: I'm going {X} {D: just we talk} I've I alwa- I enjoy this {D: so yes} I do need to go over to {D: clean}. We we've everyone in the cast is taking turns cleaning up the #1 stage and it's our turn so I # interviewer: #2 I see I see # 741: I'm gonna have to. interviewer: well you just say when 741: Okay. Well maybe five more minutes. interviewer: okay 741: Poor Mike he's probably over there by himself. {X} interviewer: ask you some proper names uh say uh if you could give me a few names for women beginning with the letter M first names 741: Okay Mary Marianne Martha. uh interviewer: okay that's good what about N 741: Nancy. uh {NW} Can't think of anything with an N. #1 uh # interviewer: #2 this is a # good old standard name for a cow that a lot of farmers use with an N I guess well I suppose it would be short for Helen uh 741: Nelly? interviewer: or what about uh a boy's name beginning with a B some people 741: Bobby. interviewer: or uh short for William would be 741: Bo- uh no Bill. interviewer: and the diminutive would be 741: Billy. interviewer: what about uh a man's name with an M 741: #1 With an # interviewer: #2 uh # 741: M? interviewer: uh-huh Matt would be short for 741: Matt? interviewer: would be short for 741: Matthew. interviewer: you ever heard any old-fashioned terms for a woman who teaches school? 741: Schoolmarm. interviewer: is that ever used have you ever heard 741: #1 I have never heard that used. # interviewer: #2 that used never # 741: Or well {C: laughing} now now I won't say that now but it's a very possibly I probably have heard my grandfather or somebody like that use it. I've never heard my father or any of his generation use it. interviewer: do you remember the the American author who wrote uh The Leatherstocking Tales uh James Fenimore 741: Cooper. interviewer: how would you address a married woman by who had that last name 741: {D: miss Cooper.} I know some people say Cooper {C: pronunciation} but it's Cooper as far as I know around here. We also have another unusual uh I think it's unusual the word G-R-O-S-S as a proper name. interviewer: how do you say that? 741: Around here it's gross. interviewer: really? 741: uh-huh interviewer: {X} 741: That's Gross feed mill down there. They're also a old Arkadelphia family. interviewer: huh well what have you ever heard of uh oh say a a preacher who wasn't really trained to be a preacher really wasn't very good at it uh kinda did it on the side uh ever heard that 741: #1 An itinerant. # interviewer: #2 uh # 741: Itinerant preacher or something like that. interviewer: any other expression maybe not s- not very flattering for a preacher like that uh 741: I can't think of it now. interviewer: ever heard people talk about a jackleg preacher? 741: I've heard 'em talk about jackleg lots of things #1 or even Jake leg. # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # Jake leg. 741: which means that they're kind of amateurs. interviewer: you ever heard a mechanic uh described in some similar way 741: mm-hmm Mechanic the same just the same way Jake leg mechanic or Jake leg. Or jackleg well mostly jackleg. interviewer: {X} 741: uh Anything carpenter whatever someone that's an amateur. #1 or # interviewer: #2 you ever # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # ever heard people talk about a shadetree mechanic 741: mm-mm interviewer: Never heard that? what about uh getting back to names for a minute uh 741: But I heard that mostly from my husband he's from Missouri. interviewer: is that right 741: mm-hmm interviewer: wait was that Jake leg? 741: Jake leg. interviewer: what about uh the name for a {NS} beginning with an S {NS} could you say that again I think 741: Sally. Sarah. interviewer: uh what what do people around here call the war between the north and the south 741: Civil War. interviewer: Civil War you ever heard it called anything else? 741: The war between the states. But Civil War's what it most people call it. interviewer: have you ever heard anybody around here call it the war of northern aggression {NW} 741: Only in American history #1 courses. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # {NW} yeah from a southern 741: #1 Right. # interviewer: #2 bias # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # what about the the commander of the southern army that was 741: Oh you mean Robert E. Lee? interviewer: what was his range? 741: {X} Hello? Okay I'm not sure when we can come get it but we will. Okay thank you. {NS} interviewer: or you know this advertisement the commercial on the T-V for Kentucky fried chicken 741: mm-hmm interviewer: the old gentleman 741: #1 The colonel. # interviewer: #2 who # colonel well what about uh a man who uh uh is in charge of a ship you would call him the 741: Captain. interviewer: and the man who's in uh presides over the county court would be the 741: The county courts the county judge. interviewer: and a person who goes to college to study you'd say he's a 741: College student. {C: laughing} {NW} interviewer: or what about a woman who takes care of the boss's mail and typing and all that 741: #1 Secretary. # interviewer: #2 is # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # or say uh a woman who oh appears on stage she would be an 741: Actress. interviewer: and our nationality we're both 741: American. interviewer: and what about uh what would you call uh say the members of uh the other prevalent race in the South 741: #1 The black race or # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: negro race. Now I would have said negro. I mean negro is my original pronunciation. interviewer: have any idea what they would prefer to be referred to as 741: Oh right now it appears to be black. interviewer: black and they would definitely not like to be called 741: Negro I don't b- imagine. interviewer: #1 is there anything besides negro # 741: #2 And then # nigger. I that's not a word that we use. Well I use but it's certainly used #1 quite often in this part of the country # interviewer: #2 {X} # {X} do you have any idea what you would call uh a child who was born to racially mixed parents or have you ever heard them called 741: Uh oh mulattoes and interviewer: uh-huh have you ever heard of uh old white people say who were just lazy don't like to work might 741: #1 White trash. # interviewer: #2 be on wel- # white trash would a would a white man use that term uh or a black man or would they both be likely to use it or 741: I think they'd both use it. interviewer: is there any one term that one might use that the other wouldn't? say something a black man might use to refer to white people like that that a white man wouldn't that you know of 741: There might be I don't I can't think of anything. I think white tr- I know they use white trash a lot. interviewer: have you ever heard uh white people around here referred to as crackers 741: No. Never. interviewer: well what about uh say sometimes when people from the country come into town on the weekends {NW} people in town will kinda make fun of 'em might call 'em various names have you ever heard any of 741: #1 Rednecks. # interviewer: #2 those # rednecks 741: That's the number one term interviewer: {NW} 741: Greasers. interviewer: greasers 741: Right. That's from the greasy hair you know it's been #1 um # interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 741: {NW} stylish for a long time now not to have greasy and when the country people come in they still grease their hair you know and interviewer: and don't have 741: #1 and uh the young people all call 'em # interviewer: #2 they have the wet the wet look # 741: #1 yeah the wet look # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: now call 'em greasers. #1 Greasers # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 741: and rednecks. interviewer: have you ever heard people around here that say well so and so look at that old country hoosier 741: No. interviewer: haven't heard that 741: Country hick. interviewer: country hick 741: But not a country hoosier. interviewer: have you ever heard 'em called podunks 741: Podunks? No we talk we talk about uh an area they're from podunk or they're podunk junction is #1 our favorite # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: expression but uh interviewer: Yeah. 741: but no I haven't called 'em podunks. interviewer: yeah we can knock off right there that's a good place to stop if you got to go 741: I do ne- interviewer: you have another uh show last night? 741: Oh yes. interviewer: how'd it go? 741: It went real well. Real well. interviewer: what did you say you were putting on 741: It's called the boyfriend. interviewer: the boyfriend. I think I saw a 741: Poster #1 about it? # interviewer: #2 Yeah. # {X} 741: #1 Yeah it's a real # interviewer: #2 {D: college student} # 741: cute show. Just a real a spoof on the musicals of the twenties. interviewer: mm 741: If you wanna go ahead and ask me things it'd be fine while I'm #1 I see if I can find it. # interviewer: #2 oh okay # uh I wanna ask you some more uh expressions 741: mm-kay interviewer: say if you were at a party at night you looked at your watch and it was about eleven thirty 741: mm-hmm interviewer: you might say well my goodness we'd better be getting home it's midnight 741: Almost midnight. interviewer: or if uh say you were trying to walk on an icy sidewalk you might say well somehow I managed to keep my balance but I fell down a few times 741: Almost. interviewer: or if you and somebody else are getting ready to go downtown and uh the person might call out to you well aren't you ready yet? you might say well 741: #1 I'm almost # interviewer: #2 just # 741: I'm almost ready. interviewer: uh-huh 741: Is that what you're? interviewer: or you could say well I'll be with you in 741: Just a minute. interviewer: say if you were going somewhere and you weren't sure about the distance you might stop and ask somebody well how 741: How far is it? interviewer: or if you wanna know how many times about something you'd ask how do you do this 741: What now? interviewer: if you wanna know how many times about something like how many times this person uh uh mows his yard every week you might say 741: #1 About how often # interviewer: #2 well how # 741: do you m- mow your yard. interviewer: or say if you uh if I said well I don't think I'm gonna vote for Gerald Ford for president if you agreed with me you might say well am I 741: You said you're not gonna vote for him? I'd say neither am I. interviewer: I'll ask you about the names for a few parts of the body 741: #1 mm-kay # interviewer: #2 this # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # part right up here 741: {D: Forehead.} interviewer: mm-hmm and this is all my 741: Hair. {C: laughing} interviewer: uh-huh if I let it grow out I'm growing a 741: A beard. interviewer: and this is my 741: Ear earlobe. interviewer: uh-huh which which ear is this 741: That's just the ear and then the bottom is I'd say the earlobe and just ear. interviewer: uh-huh I've got two one of one on this side is my 741: Oh your left ear #1 and your right ear. # interviewer: #2 {D: this side} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # and this is my 741: Lips. #1 Mouth. # interviewer: #2 talk # yeah uh-huh and talking about the back of your 741: Skull or back of your head. interviewer: or some people break their 741: Neck. interviewer: and this is my 741: Throat. interviewer: and this thing that 741: #1 Adam's apple # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # have you ever heard of that called anything else? 741: uh Besides a larynx? {NW} uh Uh probably but I not anything that comes to mind. interviewer: ever heard it called the goozle? 741: Goozle? yeah I have heard it called a goozle. interviewer: who would be likely to say that uh someone more likely some type of person more likely to say that 741: #1 I can remember # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: uh when I was a little bitty kid that my mother or father or I think it was mostly my mother would say I'm gonna get you in the goozle. interviewer: {NW} I heard one fellow tell me he called it his go fetch it 741: Go fetch it. interviewer: uh-huh well what a all of these are my 741: Teeth. interviewer: the singular is 741: Tooth. interviewer: and this fleshy part 741: Oh the gums? interviewer: and this is my 741: Hand. interviewer: and I have two 741: Hands. interviewer: this part right here 741: The palm. interviewer: and I make a 741: Fist. interviewer: and I have two 741: Fists. interviewer: sometimes when people get old uh they complain they get stiff in their 741: Joints. interviewer: and the upper part of your body is your 741: Chest. interviewer: and these are your 741: Shoulders. interviewer: and this is my left 741: Leg. interviewer: that's my left 741: Foot. interviewer: and I have two 741: Feet. interviewer: what about this part right here what do you call that 741: Shins. interviewer: what about this part oh might as well demonstrate this part right here ever heard people say they squat down on their 741: Haunches. interviewer: haunches uh-huh have you ever heard any other expression than squat down? 741: Are you talking about hunkering? interviewer: yeah 741: Well it the only reason I know anything about hunkering is because there was a big college nationwide college contest in what they call hunkering and I think it was in the sixties I don't remember just when it was but I that's e- that was my fam- how I know about hunkering. interviewer: what kinda what did it involve? 741: Just squatting #1 on your legs. # interviewer: #2 there was a # contest 741: {D: I did you} are you not familiar #1 with that? # interviewer: #2 no # 741: Oh it was nationwide it just uh well I guess it was during the sixties I'm sure because I believe it was right after we moved back from Hawaii. And they had it it was you know Time magazine Newsweek all of 'em carried it and college students and they say originated at the University of Arkansas. but it just spread all over the country and they would get down like this and see how long they could stay that way #1 and they called it hunkering. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # {NW} That's something when when was this going on you said in the 741: In the #1 sixties. # interviewer: #2 sixties # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: I think. interviewer: mm-hmm do they didn't you know duck walk or anything they just squatted there 741: I di- I think that's what they did I never saw anyone actually do it I just {D: saw pictures of it.} #1 And it was like # interviewer: #2 I wonder # 741: I guess like swallowing goldfish or #1 something it was # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: just a big rage. interviewer: I wonder what the record was for the winner 741: I don't know somebody really hunkered #1 for a long time. # interviewer: #2 yeah {NW} # {NW} 741: But I had never heard that expression until #1 until then. # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # huh uh let's see if uh say if somebody's been sick for a while you might say well so and so's up and around now but he still looks a little 741: Peaked. interviewer: heard anything else for that? 741: Oh pale a little weak you know that {D: st- that} thing. I was just trying to think of an expression I I don't can't think of any other #1 expression. # interviewer: #2 ever # heard puny? 741: Puny right. A little puny. interviewer: or say somebody who uh say a man who's real athletic and muscular and can lift heavy weights you'd say he's very he's real 741: Well-built. #1 um # interviewer: #2 or # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # you know just able to lift heavy weights boy you'd say 741: #1 Strong. # interviewer: #2 boy he sure is # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # you ever heard people say uh stout to mean the same thing? 741: I think I did years ago. interviewer: hmm 741: I I haven't in years I haven't heard but I believe yeah I believe way back in my youth I did hear people say that someone was stout. interviewer: mm-hmm 741: Could lift a heavy weight. interviewer: well say somebody who always has a smile on his face and never loses his temper you'd say well he's mighty 741: Good-natured. interviewer: or say sometimes when uh a boy reaches a certain age he seems to run into things and knock things over 741: Clumsy. Awkward. interviewer: what would you say about a person who just kept on doing things that didn't make any sense you'd say he's just a 741: Nut. I guess. {C: laughing} interviewer: could you call somebody like that uh say well he's just playing the fool 741: Not I wouldn't. interviewer: would would that be uh 741: I've probably heard people say that. interviewer: Right. 741: I think ma- {D: miss Adam} more likely. interviewer: would that be a pretty strong thing to say about a person around here? 741: Just playing fool? No. interviewer: not terribly wouldn't be fighting language 741: #1 No. # interviewer: #2 {D: someone} # 741: {NW} interviewer: well what about somebody who has a lot of money but that likes to hang onto it you'd call him a 741: Miser. Tightwad. interviewer: if you use the word 741: #1 Or scotch. # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # scotch 741: mm-hmm interviewer: haven't heard that before 741: We u- we use that quite a bit. He's really scotch. interviewer: around here in the county or is it uh 741: #1 Well it may be # interviewer: #2 pretty well # localized or do you know 741: No I don't know. interviewer: he's scotch 741: mm-hmm interviewer: well what about if use the word common about a person say oh so and so's as common as he can be what would that mean 741: Common? interviewer: {X} 741: If I said somebody was common I would use it to mean uh not well bred. Did not behave well. interviewer: would you ever use it to mean average? 741: Uh prob- uh yes I would. But uh it j- I guess it depends on the tone of voice more than anything else. You think of usually it's a it's a girl that will act common if a girl acts common then that's a that she does not behave with high standards. She does not act like a lady. interviewer: have you ever heard the expression well he's or she's just common as gully dirt 741: No. {C: laughing} {NW} I've heard common as dirt though. interviewer: my grandmother used that a good bit well what about uh say an older person about ninety-five but she's still able to do her own cooking and and take care of the house you might say well so and so's uh pretty old but she's mighty 741: Spry. interviewer: or say if the children are out at night later than usual uh you might say well I don't suppose there's anything wrong but I can't help feeling a little 741: Uneasy. interviewer: or say if a child uh doesn't want to go upstairs in the dark you say he's of the 741: #1 scared # interviewer: #2 dark # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # any way any other way of saying that 741: I would usually say scared. interviewer: is there anything uh you know anyway uh another child might refer to a child who scares easily say so and so's an old 741: Fraidy cat. interviewer: what about somebody who left uh a good deal of money out in open view and say left the door unlocked you'd say he's might 741: Stupid. {C: laughing} {NW} interviewer: or he's with his money he's mighty 741: Loose with his money. But I th- I think of loose with his money as being someone who spends it interviewer: I see. 741: easily. interviewer: could you just as well uh say careless in that situation 741: Careless. I would say careless or dumb rather than loose with his money to me means spending. Spending it very freely without {NW} I am loose with my money without keeping up with it you don't know where it goes it just #1 flies around. # interviewer: #2 right right # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # well what if you had an aunt named Lizzie say there really wasn't anything wrong with aunt Lizzie but now and then she just acted kind of 741: Strange. interviewer: would you ever use the word queer? in that 741: uh #1 Queer has # interviewer: #2 situation # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: the homosexual connotation to me. interviewer: I see. 741: Well uh they used to use queer in the head. interviewer: mm-hmm 741: I've uh I've heard people say she's queer he or she's queer in the head. interviewer: so maybe an older person would be more likely to say that to mean it that way 741: Oh we I think that my generation would be more likely to say well they're a little peculiar they're a little strange or. Got a lot of relatives like that a little a little off. {C: laughing} {D: A little off is really} #1 {D: the more the winner.} # interviewer: #2 little # left of center 741: #1 Yeah right you just # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: kind of you know not all together there. interviewer: like I said the other day not wrapped too tightly 741: mm-hmm interviewer: well what about somebody who makes up his mind about something whether he's right or wrong and refuses to change his mind you'd say he's 741: #1 Bull-headed. # interviewer: #2 mighty # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # anything else you could say? 741: Stubborn as a mule. uh Just bull-headed or stubborn that's most that's the most common thing. Pin- opinionated boor. interviewer: {NW} well what about somebody who uh well you just can't joke with without him losing his temper you'd say he's mighty 741: Oh can't joke without losing his temper uh {NW} that has no sense of humor. interviewer: mm 741: um interviewer: do you ever hear people say well so and so sure is mighty touchy today 741: Oh touchy right yeah uh yeah we use touchy a lot. #1 Has a # interviewer: #2 what yeah # 741: chip on his shoulder that #1 sort of thing. # interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # what about somebody like that you might say well I was just kidding and I didn't know he'd get 741: Mad. interviewer: anything else? 741: I don't guess. interviewer: or say if a person like that is about to lose his temper and you don't want him to you might say well now just 741: Calm down. interviewer: or say if you had been 741: #1 Or take # interviewer: #2 work # 741: it easy. interviewer: if you had been working all day at the end of the day you say you're very 741: Very tired. interviewer: and if you're very very tired you're 741: #1 I'm # interviewer: #2 all # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: all pooped out. {C: laughing} {NW} interviewer: I run into some some great expressions for that perished 741: #1 perished uh-uh # interviewer: #2 you ever heard somebody say that # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # Kilt. whipped 741: Whipped I've said whipped. I'm beat to a pulp uh interviewer: uh-huh 741: whipped uh. Usually usually I'll say pooped out. interviewer: mm-hmm Or pooped to pop and I don't know where that 741: #1 came from. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: #1 I have no idea. # interviewer: #2 pooped to pop # 741: Pooped to pop. interviewer: Right. 741: I'm pooped to pop that's think I got that from my mother cause d- #1 it's she would. # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # {NW} that's a goody 741: #1 Have you ever heard # interviewer: #2 well what # 741: pooped to pop? interviewer: mm-hmm that would be an interesting one to investigate 741: Yeah I bet I can't even it makes no sense whatsoever but. interviewer: what about somebody uh say you hear that somebody's in the hospital you might say well uh so and so was looking fine the other day when was it he 741: Got sick. interviewer: or uh say if you were going somewhere and you weren't in any any particular hurry to get there you might say oh we'll get there 741: Sometime. Sooner or later. interviewer: you ever heard people say something like well we'll get there by and by 741: I've heard it but it's not uh it's not co- not I don't hear it commonly. interviewer: would you say it was kind of an antiquated way of putting that 741: I would probably. I just don't hear it much and it doesn't really ring any bells like some of these expressions from interviewer: uh-huh 741: way back when you remind me of 'em I can remember having heard 'em. interviewer: well what about somebody who got overheated and then chilled and his eyes started watering and his nose started running you'd say he caught a 741: Cold. interviewer: or if it affected his voice you'd say he's just a little bit 741: Hoarse. interviewer: and if {NS} he does that he's 741: #1 Cough. # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # uh say at the end of the day you might say well think I'm gonna go to bed I'm getting a little 741: Sleepy. interviewer: but in the morning say about seven oh clock you'll 741: Wake up. interviewer: or talking about somebody else you might say well so and so's still sleeping better go 741: Wake him up. interviewer: what about uh say if uh your son has some medicine that he's supposed to use you come back in the room and it's still there you might ask well why didn't you 741: Take it. interviewer: the past form of that would be yesterday I 741: Took it. interviewer: and I have 741: Taken it. interviewer: uh somebody who doesn't hear very well at all you'd say they're just about stone 741: Deaf. interviewer: and if you get out in this kind of weather and begin to do yardwork it's not long before you begin 741: #1 To # interviewer: #2 to # 741: sweat. interviewer: some of the these places that 741: #1 Now my # interviewer: #2 you uh # 741: grandmother wouldn't say sweat. interviewer: perspire 741: #1 Perspire. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # {NW} 741: And see what was it horses sweat and uh men perspire and women glisten. interviewer: {NW} that's a new one glisten I'll have to remember that 741: However I sweat. {NW} interviewer: well glisten that's the first time I've come across that what about uh you know these places sometimes where you get on your skin uh have a little white spot right in the middle and a red reddish 741: #1 Little # interviewer: #2 around it # 741: pimple. interviewer: ever heard that called anything besides a pimple 741: Oh if they're big they're called boils. interviewer: and that that white stuff in the middle 741: #1 Pus. # interviewer: #2 that's called # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # {D: if you say get stuck in the hand by a bubble your hand will begin to} 741: Swell. interviewer: the past part of that is 741: Swell I guess. {C: laughing} I don't know what it is. {C: laughing} interviewer: {NW} 741: It swelled I guess. interviewer: and say if I tried to do some work uh that I wasn't used to like 741: #1 You get # interviewer: #2 uh # 741: callouses on your hands is that what you mean? interviewer: those or 741: Blisters. interviewer: what about that liquid inside a blister what do you call that? 741: I just call it fluid. interviewer: ever heard people just call it water? 741: Yeah? I heard people call it water. interviewer: say if somebody accidentally got uh shot or stabbed in the leg you might have to take him to the doctor so the doctor could treat the 741: Wound. interviewer: what have you ever heard uh say if a wound doesn't heal cleanly the uh uh it might the flesh around it might become kind of white and flaky or something like that have you ever heard that referred to as any type of flesh in particular? have you ever heard people talk about proud flesh 741: hmm-mm interviewer: or say if uh I got a little cut on my finger uh something that would most people would have in the medicine cabinet to put on it to prevent infection 741: Merthiolate. Mercurochrome. Mercurochrome not so much anymore merthiolate or I think there's you use lots of other things nowadays but back {C: background noise} {NS} when I was growing up it was merthiolate and mercurochrome. interviewer: do people still use uh kind of a brown liquid uh 741: Iodine? I h- I have not seen any iodine in so many years now my grandparents used to have it but my daddy always treated everything with hydrogen peroxide. That just everything that happened to anybody #1 poured hydrogen peroxide on it. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # {NW} 741: What good that #1 did I have no idea. # interviewer: #2 that take care of it? # {NW} well what about this uh bitter tasting white powder used to be taken for malaria 741: Well heavens that must have been s- uh some sort of quinine. Now when when I was real little they gave me quinine but it was in some kind of chocolate syrup. It was like just you know in a medicine bottle with some kind of chocolate horrible oo yuck. interviewer: {NW} well what about uh this expression say if uh if somebody has been critically ill you might say well the doctor did everything he could but the patient still 741: Died. interviewer: any other uh terms for died that uh uh serious or otherwise that you've heard? 741: Oh passed on. Kicked the bucket. uh Went to his reward. interviewer: {NW} 741: uh Met his maker. Pushing up daisies. Oh {X} lots of those. interviewer: ever heard anybody say so and so's finally croaked 741: Croaked yeah. That was when I was a little kid that was my favorite interviewer: {NW} 741: expression. interviewer: heard anybody tell you that he cashed in his chips? 741: Ca- oh yeah heard that too. interviewer: let's say uh this expression well so and so's been dead a week but nobody's yet figured out what he 741: Died of. interviewer: and the place that people are buried you call that the 741: Cemetery. interviewer: does it make any difference if it's uh smaller maybe on a private property? 741: uh I there are just not any of those around here that I know of. So I'm not familiar with terms unless it'd be graveyard or something like that. We used to call a cemetery a graveyard when I was a kid. interviewer: well what about the box that people are buried in that's the 741: Casket. Or coffin. But casket's what we call it mostly. interviewer: and funeral uh {NW} 741: Is funeral what you wanted me to #1 say? # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 {NW} # interviewer: #2 {X} # that's what you call it 741: #1 I call it a funeral right. # interviewer: #2 I guess a ceremony # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: Right. interviewer: or say if uh the people who were at the funeral dressed in black you'd say they're in 741: Mourning. interviewer: if somebody uh asked you just on an average day you know inquiring about your health uh well how're you doing what would you probably say? 741: Fine. Fact I would probably say fine regardless of interviewer: yeah {NW} 741: of what. {C: laughing} {NW} Oh or just grea- quite often I'll say I well I am just great I'm just fine. interviewer: and most people when they ask you that really don't care about your 741: #1 Right they really # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: don't wanna hear a list of all your illnesses. interviewer: or say uh if your children are out late and you're getting a little bit excited uh your husband might say well they'll be home alright just don't 741: Get in a snit. {NW} interviewer: get in a snit or anything else possibly 741: He would not say that I would probably say get in a snit I can't imagine he'd really say that. interviewer: uh-huh 741: Don't get excited uh. interviewer: or he'd just tell you not to 741: Well now he wouldn't say this but another term that we would use see cause you remember he comes from Missouri is uh don't get your dander up. interviewer: uh-huh 741: uh interviewer: I'd usually associate with that that somebody's getting mad 741: Yeah that yeah but usually if you start getting real upset you it's kind of the #1 same thing. # interviewer: #2 that's true # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: But he gets more upset than I do so he wouldn't be interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 741: #2 likely # to say that. interviewer: #1 mm-hmm # 741: #2 I would # be telling him to calm down you know don't get upset. interviewer: or possibly just don't worry 741: Don't worry. interviewer: what about uh say if somebody's getting old and uh their joints are stiff and aching you'd say they might have a touch of 741: Rheumatism. interviewer: or 741: Although I would actually say arthritis but you hear rheumatism uh around here all the time. interviewer: or this is a a disease that you don't hear about too much anymore but but um children used to die from it because their throat would have these sores you know and um they'd swell up so they couldn't breathe 741: Was that cholera or uh or typhoid? #1 Typhoid or something else? # interviewer: #2 uh # I was had something else in mind 741: Gosh all these ancient diseases. interviewer: {X} 741: Oh. {X} interviewer: D-I-P 741: Oh diphtheria. interviewer: well what about a disease that causes your skin to turn yellow 741: Oh uh any time you're jaundiced. interviewer: or say if somebody's getting a severe pain around here and they might be having an attack of 741: Appendicitis. interviewer: or if somebody ate something that disagreed with 'em and it came back up you'd say they had to 741: Vomit or throw up. interviewer: any other terms uh serious or otherwise? 741: Spit up uh flash. interviewer: flash? 741: Yeah. {NS} uh-huh interviewer: huh 741: That's from the old college days. interviewer: flash that's a new one 741: A little too much beer and they'd go #1 flash. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # {NW} 741: uh Retch uh. Well I'm sure there jillion others I just don't. interviewer: puke? 741: Puke yeah. Puke is not it's it's used but I think it's used quite often on football fields according to my son. interviewer: oh really {NW} 741: Oh what is it what is it what is it they call it? When they do that on the football field. Losing their biscuits or interviewer: {X} 741: #1 let let me # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: go ask him. You need this is #1 they've # interviewer: #2 okay # 741: gotta {D: refreshen it} {NS} {D: earl.} interviewer: What? 741: {D: Earl.} interviewer: that's it? 741: That's it because they go {D: ear-} #1 {D: earl} and then. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: #1 isn't that # interviewer: #2 god # 741: horrible? But upchuck too #1 is another one. # interviewer: #2 upchuck # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: He didn't that uh that was the uh that was the {X} only the other one that or regurgitate. interviewer: you ever heard barf? 741: Oh yeah barf yeah. interviewer: what about somebody who's like that you'd say he's sick where 741: At his stomach. interviewer: say if interviewer: say you ran into somebody an old friend of yours that you hadn't seen for a long time what would you probably say to 'em 741: #1 I'd say I haven't # interviewer: #2 you'd # 741: say I haven't seen you in a thousand years interviewer: or if you were inviting somebody to come over to your house uh what might you say uh you know something to do with regard to how you would feel and having them come over 741: Oh why don't you just come on over to our house I would just love to have you. interviewer: have you ever heard people around here say something like well we should sure would be mighty proud to have you over? 741: Mm-hmm yeah. interviewer: heard that 741: #1 Uh my f- # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: grandfather would would've said that. interviewer: {X} be something that an older person would be more likely to #1 {X} # 741: #2 Well there's # still a lot of people around here that probably do still say exactly that. But that that just sounds like my grandfather exactly I mean so- just mighty mighty proud mighty proud for you to come over. interviewer: uh-huh well let's say uh uh if a young boy keeps going over to the same girl's house pretty regularly to see her and people figure he's getting serious about her they'd say that he's doing what 741: Getting serious or going steady. interviewer: uh-huh have you ever heard uh anybody say well so and so's courting this young #1 lady? # 741: #2 Not anymore. # interviewer: don't hear that anymore 741: No that's that is a lot these younger generation doesn't even know what that means. interviewer: Is that right? have you ever heard anything uh like that probably just as antiquated? meaning the same thing as courting 741: Sparking. interviewer: sparking 741: That's really even way before my #1 time but I've heard it. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # uh-huh well what about uh him you'd say that he is her 741: Her boyfriend. interviewer: and she is his 741: Girlfriend. Or steady. And my grandmother would have said beau. interviewer: Beau. 741: {X} Beau the {D: the} you know #1 that he's her beau and. # interviewer: #2 right right # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # say uh if he came home late at night and his younger brother caught him coming in and his he had lipstick all on his collar and all of this he little boy his little brother might say a-ha you've been 741: Making out. interviewer: or say if if he asked the girl to marry him and uh she uh doesn't want to you'd say she did what to him 741: Refused. interviewer: but if she didn't refuse him you'd might you'd say well they went ahead and got 741: Engaged. interviewer: and after that they got 741: Married. interviewer: at a wedding ceremony the man who stands up with the groom that's the 741: Best man. interviewer: and uh woman or girl who stands up with the 741: #1 Maid of # interviewer: #2 bride # 741: honor. interviewer: have you ever heard of any type of uh uh activity taking place after a wedding where uh uh a lot of people uh go over to the couple's uh house and just start making uh just have a ruckus you know a really raucous affair ever heard anything like that are you familiar with the term shivaree? 741: um Oh yeah I am in reading. I've I've never even ever heard of one around here. interviewer: I see. 741: Now there may have been but not anybody I know or have even heard anything about. interviewer: the the only time that I've have had any success with that uh has been in Arkansas with old timers 741: Really? They had shivaree? interviewer: {X} 741: Seems like something like a movie seven brides with seven brothers or something. I don't know some movie there was a shivaree But uh I've never ever heard of it. interviewer: I had I had when I first ran across it I didn't know what it was either so foreign to me 741: Wedding receptions are the only thing I know anything about and in Clark county they're usually dry. interviewer: yeah 741: #1 So there's not much of a ruckus # interviewer: #2 pretty tame # 741: #1 much of a ruckus. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # {NW} 741: In the church parlor. interviewer: {X} well say if uh uh party is going on somewhere and it got a little uh rowdy say a neighbor called the police and the police came down and didn't arrest just one person but arrested the 741: The whole crowd. interviewer: and at a party uh some if there's uh a band uh you they'll probably be having a you know getting around when you move to the music 741: Oh a dance. interviewer: what about some of the different dances that you can move with 741: I'm familiar with lots of dances I'm a choreographer. interviewer: ah oh I forgot gold mine {NW} 741: Well {D: show eh fell} the foxtrot and the waltz and any kind of rock dancing you want to think of. Everything from the robot to the to the twist to the oh heavens any just jillions of them even the dog the alligator the. interviewer: I'd be hard pressed to say what's being done 741: #1 Right # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: it doesn't look like anything much. interviewer: Yeah. 741: #1 uh # interviewer: #2 Suppose # it has a name 741: #1 I just # interviewer: #2 {X} # #1 I guess it bump's out isn't it # 741: #2 {X} # Bump is {X} really out #1 right now. # interviewer: #2 The hustle. # that out too? 741: Uh they still do the hustle but they do a di- uh different variety of it they don't call it the hustle anymore they call it something else um there's the tango and the Charleston and the uh just what we call slow dancing. interviewer: mm 741: Which is not really anything at all except just kind of moving around to the slow music. No particular steps to it. Rumbas and sambas and polkas and. interviewer: yeah do you know that dance group called the lockers? 741: Oh aren't they wonderful. interviewer: what is that they do? do they have a 741: They do one of the guys does the robot but um I think the lockers I don't if they may have a name for what they do but uh the kids that do a similar step I think they just say they're doing a lockers. Do you want me to ask Richard? He probably knows. If if course I don't imagine that would be interviewer: {NW} 741: #1 regional. # interviewer: #2 {X} # {X} what ab- uh this is really not all that relevant but talking about uh the robot this type of mime thing have you ever seen that couple on TV shield and Darnell 741: #1 No I haven't my kids # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: have watched #1 that. # interviewer: #2 {X} # Pretty good. 741: Yeah. I ha- but uh I had not seen it. I don't watch television. interviewer: what about this expression say if uh the children get out of school at three o'clock you'd say that at three o'clock school does 741: #1 Let out. # interviewer: #2 what # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # and school has been out here in summer toward the end of summer you might ask well when does school 741: Start. interviewer: say if uh a boy left home to go to school but he never got there on purpose you'd say he did what 741: Skipped. Played hooky. interviewer: and you'd say uh a person goes to school to get an 741: Education. interviewer: and after high school some people go off to 741: College. interviewer: and after kindergarten a child goes into the 741: Primary. First grade. interviewer: and these things that a child sits behind in the classroom 741: The desk. interviewer: and the plural form is 741: Desks. interviewer: and uh it's a building around town say if you wanted to check out a book you'd go to the 741: Library. interviewer: and if you wanted to mail a package you'd go to the 741: Post office. interviewer: and if you had to stay overnight in a town you'd stay at the 741: Hotel. interviewer: or a 741: Motel. interviewer: or if you wanted to see a play or go to a movie you'd go to 741: Theater. interviewer: and if you've gotten very sick you might have to go into the 741: Hospital. interviewer: and uh uh woman who would take care of you in the hospital would be 741: Nurse. interviewer: if you had to catch a train where would you go 741: I'd go to the depot. {NW} Or the train station. I'd have to go to Little Rock actually if I wanted to catch a train interviewer: {NW} That's good. 741: But when I was little we called it the depot. interviewer: {X} 741: {X} Most people call it the train station here. interviewer: ever heard it called the rail something with rail 741: Railroad station. I've heard that. interviewer: what about bus 741: Bus station. Bus station's a bus station to me they'd have another burs- bus terminal is the only other #1 thing I can think of # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 741: it called. interviewer: here in the south a lot of small towns have uh you know uh uh a place in the center of the town around the courthouse with a 741: Square. interviewer: what about these things that were used uh for uh transportation within the city really long time ago uh on rails and kinda 741: #1 Oh the trolley? # interviewer: #2 {D: wide} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # or say if you were riding on the bus you might tell the driver well now the next corner's where I 741: Stop. Or get off. interviewer: or here in uh Clark county in Arkadelphia where you have the courthouse this is the of the county 741: Oh county seat. interviewer: and uh a person who has a civil service job doesn't work for the state but he works for the federal 741: Government. interviewer: what what would you say that the police in the a town are supposed to maintain 741: Maintain? I wouldn't say they're supposed to maintain I guess order if they had to maintain anything. {NS} #1 They're to # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: protect us honest citizens. {NW} Supposed to do from all of those wild souls out there. interviewer: {NW} what about uh before the electric chair was in operation murderers were 741: Hung. I guess. interviewer: what about uh say say if you were at an intersection uh downtown where streets went like so if you were at one corner and you wanted to get 741: #1 Across # interviewer: #2 to # 741: the street? interviewer: well really 741: Oh jaywalk? interviewer: yeah uh is that what you call it {NS} would it be would it be possible for somebody to describe that as crossing caddy cornered 741: Caddy cornered yeah. interviewer: Heard that. 741: I've used caddy cornered a lot. I thought I thought maybe you m- didn't mean. interviewer: yeah 741: I see what you m- #1 what you you # interviewer: #2 diagonal # 741: #1 you # interviewer: #2 right # 741: went across on a diagonal. #1 All right # interviewer: #2 right right # 741: caddy cornered right. Now I I've used that word I probably say that's probably what exactly what I'd say interviewer: tell me this have you ever heard of the Denver system? 741: No. interviewer: that was a new one on me I ran into that in in Fayetteville and uh somewhere else and it must might have been burial but they say the guy told me well now you'd be jaywalking unless the city used the Denver system said what Denver system you never heard of that and apparently it's he said that uh at some intersections at certain times you can just go across anywhere you want to it's legal and that's called a Denver system 741: Oh. interviewer: I had never heard of that I'm gonna ask you about a few uh cities and states uh just for pronunciation mostly if you were in uh the state with the largest city that would be in this country it'd be 741: Oh dear geography I tell you what why don't you s- if you want me to say a certain word just spell it and let me pronounce it #1 for you. # interviewer: #2 well # the the 741: #1 oh like the Uni- # interviewer: #2 the state # 741: like N- New York if I wanted to be in New York that's right. interviewer: and if you 741: #1 Or # interviewer: #2 were # 741: Los Angeles I think is actually isn't it. interviewer: is that right? 741: It's about to beat it at least. Course Los Angeles itself I mean with all the suburbs and #1 stuff I # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # if you were in Baltimore you'd be in 741: In what state? Maryland. interviewer: and if you were in Richmond you'd be in 741: Virginia. interviewer: and Raleigh you'd be in 741: North Carolina. interviewer: state below that is 741: South Carolina. interviewer: if you were in Atlanta 741: Georgia. interviewer: Miami 741: Florida. interviewer: if you were in New Orleans 741: Louisiana. interviewer: and Louisville 741: Kentucky. interviewer: Knoxville 741: Tennessee. interviewer: if you were in St. Louis 741: Missouri. and my husband says Missouri. {C: pronunciation} interviewer: if you were in uh Biloxi 741: Mississippi. interviewer: if you were in Dallas 741: Texas. interviewer: and if you were in Tulsa 741: Oklahoma. interviewer: Boston 741: Massachusetts. interviewer: have you ever heard the states uh say from Maine to Connecticut as a group referred to 741: uh New England states. interviewer: uh 741: That's where our son goes to school. New Hampshire. interviewer: the capital of this country is 741: Washington D-C. interviewer: and the biggest city in Maryland is 741: Annapolis I don't know what is the biggest #1 city Baltimore? # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # and biggest one in Missouri 741: I don't know St. Louis what? interviewer: what about uh little seaport in uh South Carolina 741: Charleston? interviewer: and what about the big uh steel uh uh producing city in Alabama biggest city in Alabama 741: Is it Mobile? No. uh What's it start with? interviewer: B. 741: B. Birmingham? Let me see who's at the #1 door. # interviewer: #2 okay # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: {D: Over here.} {NS} interviewer: uh let's see oh what about the big city in uh Illinois 741: Chicago. interviewer: and the capital of Alabama 741: Capital of Alabama #1 hmm now # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: What is the capital of Alabama? Uh is it #1 Montgomery? # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 741: Montgomery? okay interviewer: you mentioned Mobile a minute ago do you know what what that gulf is called that Mobile is on 741: The Gulf of isn't it on the Gulf of Mexico? interviewer: what about a few big cities in Tennessee 741: Knoxville. Nashville. Uh that's about all I'm familiar with in Tennessee uh there's interviewer: you heard of the so and so choo-choo. 741: Chattanooga? interviewer: uh-huh or what about the city I think Elvis Presley lives there now 741: Memphis. Oh heavens I g- I've I almost think of Memphis being in Arkansas #1 it's so # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: it's just hard to think of it being in Tennessee #1 to me. # interviewer: #2 Right. # 741: I'm sure they would have a stroke. interviewer: {NW} well what about uh uh this is a resort city in western North Carolina 741: Western North Carolina resort city. interviewer: I think Thomas Wolfe born there. {D: all uh can't go home yet} 741: Yeah but I I don't know. You're not interviewer: Asheville. 741: Asheville? I'm not familiar with that. interviewer: well what about uh the biggest city in Georgia that would be 741: Atlanta. interviewer: what about the Georgia big Georgia seaport 741: uh Is it Savannah? interviewer: or what if have you ever heard of Phenix City Alabama 741: Mm-mm. interviewer: {X} what about Fort Benning 741: I've heard of Fort Benning Georgia. #1 isn't it # interviewer: #2 {X} # A city that's very close to it? 741: No. interviewer: Columbus. 741: Columbus. interviewer: what about uh biggest city in Louisiana 741: New Orleans or interviewer: and the other one you were thinking 741: #1 Baton Rouge. # interviewer: #2 about # or what about the biggest city of southern Ohio with the professional baseball team the Reds 741: Cincinnati? interviewer: and the city in Kentucky with the horse racers 741: Louisville. interviewer: and just a couple of foreign countries if you were in Moscow you'd be in 741: Russia. interviewer: and if you were in Paris you'd be in 741: France. interviewer: and if you were in Dublin 741: Ireland. interviewer: what uh 741: It's hard to say France I've had fourteen hours of French and I'm doing a French role in this play and it's France. {C: pronunciation} You know I'm just all {C: laughing} {NW} automatically all of a sudden a French accent {C: laughing} #1 on the stage. # interviewer: #2 Right. # {NW} well what about uh the largest uh Protestant denomination in the South that would 741: Baptist. interviewer: and people become members of the church you'd say they 741: Joined. interviewer: and when one goes to church one goes to pray to 741: God? interviewer: and the preacher preaches a 741: sermon interviewer: or somebody might say well I don't care about listening to the sermon I just go to hear the 741: Music. Choir. Whatever. interviewer: uh outside looking at uh at a sunset you might say my goodness that sure is a 741: Beautiful. Gorgeous. interviewer: well say if I were on the way to church and had a flat tire had to change it I might say well by the time I get or church will be over 741: By the time I get there. interviewer: yeah or what is supposed to be uh the uh opposite of God that's the 741: Devil. interviewer: ever heard it called anything else 741: Oh Satan, Lucifer, Beelzebub um probably heard him called all kinds of things. uh interviewer: you ever heard parents uh try to scare their children if they're misbehaving by saying boy if you don't behave the old is gonna get you 741: The boogerman? But I didn't know that was supposed to be the devil. interviewer: I was gonna ask you that if you associated it with. 741: Hmm-mm. interviewer: what about these things that people might claim to see around a graveyard they're called 741: Ghosts. interviewer: heard that called anything else? 741: Shades. interviewer: really? 741: I mm not I may have gotten that out of a book. I don't know. {C: laughing} uh {X} had some interesting shoot well some of 'em called them dead things. interviewer: {NW} ever heard people call 'em haints? 741: Haints? interviewer: uh-huh 741: In mostly in books. I'm I've ne- {X} think I've ever really heard #1 anyone call 'em that. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: Mo- they say ghosts around here. or ghosties. interviewer: ghosties {NW} well what about uh a house that's infested with these things you'd say 741: #1 A haunted # interviewer: #2 it's a # 741: house. interviewer: or say if somebody was asking you to do something that you were particularly crazy about doing you might say well I'll do it if you insist but I'd not 741: I'd rather not. interviewer: or say a man who owns a thousand acres of land talking about the quantity you'd say he owns a 741: The bunch. A bunch of land. interviewer: have you ever heard people around here use the expression right smart? if you're at right smart land he's got 741: That probably but I'm it's I don't think it's real common or at least it's not I haven't heard it that much. interviewer: now what if say if uh 741: How I'm trying to think how they would say {X} it's man he owns passel of passel of land or interviewer: mm-hmm 741: more. interviewer: Yeah. 741: Something like that. interviewer: well say if you wanted if you were agree with somebody uh and you want him to say something stronger more enthusiastic than just yes what might you say 741: If I am agreeing strongly with somebody and I want to say rather than you bet or whatever. interviewer: would you ever say something like certainly 741: #1 Certainly. # interviewer: #2 in that # 741: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 case? # 741: Absolutely. interviewer: mm-hmm well what about if you were agreeing with somebody uh rather than than just saying just yes if you were going to be say polite to another gentleman you'd say 741: Yes sir. interviewer: and to a woman 741: Yes ma'am. Or yes'm. #1 In fact # interviewer: #2 what about # 741: it was very hard to break that habit. interviewer: {NW} 741: As an adult that moving back here I had to break it because I'd say yes'm and yes ma'am and yes sir all my life #1 and # interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: and boy the women say don't you ma'am me you're an adult too you know. {C: laughing} interviewer: {NW} 741: Had to quit. interviewer: what about uh say if you went out in the morning and it's not just you might say well it's not just a little cold this morning it's 741: Freezing. interviewer: or how cold is it it's 741: How cold is it it's freezing. {NW} interviewer: would you ever say well it's just real cold this morning 741: I'd say r- yeah I might say real cold but I would more likely say freezing. interviewer: if you had done something uh uh oh I don't 741: #1 If I # interviewer: #2 know # 741: were talking to my children I would say it was really cold. #1 I wouldn't # interviewer: #2 right # 741: say re- #1 I might # interviewer: #2 right # 741: say real cold #1 but I think I # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 741: I really would say really c- really cold. But otherwi- usually I'd say it's freezing cold. interviewer: alright okay what if what about if you had done something uh oh if you were a little peeved at yourself for breaking something or you know something like that what might you say to yourself after doing something like that 741: {NW} #1 Profanity and all? # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: #1 {NW} # interviewer: #2 {NW} # whatever 741: Uh i- idiot I'd usually call myself an idiot when I do something that I shouldn't do. Just that I'm just really put out with myself I call myself an idiot. interviewer: well what would you be likely to say you suppose if you had heard uh that somebody had said something about you that you didn't appreciate quite hearing it do you have any idea what you might say 741: Well I like that. Or something like that. interviewer: would you ever say something like well the idea 741: mm-mm interviewer: you ever heard anybody say 741: #1 mm-hmm # interviewer: #2 that # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: My grandmother always said that. But uh {D: hmm as I would.} interviewer: well what about if you met a 741: {D: I I would come up with something more like} well or {D: while I s-} that or #1 you know something # interviewer: #2 Yeah. # 741: like that. interviewer: well what about if you had if you met an acquaintance of yours uh on the street what would you say to them in a way of uh inquiring about their health 741: I'd say how are you doing? interviewer: would you say that to somebody you didn't know at all? 741: No. interviewer: would you say anything? 741: About their health? {X} I would sa- when I'm like when I meet somebody how do you do I would say how do you do. Or hello. Or I might say how are you. Or or you know or something like that but uh how are you doing is for your friends. interviewer: yeah well how would you greet someone around December twenty-fifth you'd say 741: Merry Christmas. Or Christmas gift #1 or # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: if it's if it's a friend or family you might say Christmas gift. interviewer: well what about greeting somebody around January the first you'd say 741: Happy New Year. interviewer: is there any equivalent to Christmas gift for New Year's 741: Not that I know of. If there is tell me. {NW} interviewer: I have never heard of it some people that I ask claim that they say New Year's gift that was new to me say if uh somebody had done you a favor {NS} you might say well I'm much 741: Obliged. Don't use that much anymore it's kind of obsolete. interviewer: {X} what would you say uh would be equivalent to that 741: I really appreciate it. {D: or} I owe you one. interviewer: {X} 741: Something like that. Much obliged my grandfather used that all much obliged he was all that's much obliged it's just #1 he used it # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: all the time. interviewer: uh-huh well what about if uh somebody had asked you uh about whether you had time to do something you might say well I'm not sure but I I'll have time 741: I think I'll have time. interviewer: or say if you had to go downtown to get a few things in the stores you'd say you need to go downtown to do some 741: Shopping. interviewer: and if you make a purchase perhaps the storekeeper uh took a piece of paper and 741: Wrapped it. interviewer: and when you got home you 741: Unwrapped it. interviewer: uh say if a store is selling things at less than what they paid for 'em you'd say they're selling how 741: I'd say they were on sale. interviewer: would you ever say uh uh they're selling at a loss 741: No. {C: laughing} interviewer: {NW} 741: #1 I sure wouldn't. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: #1 {NW} # interviewer: #2 {NW} # not the case huh 741: No way. {NW} interviewer: well what about if you were admiring something in the store window but uh you might say well I'd sure like to get that but it just too much 741: Costs too much. interviewer: and you'd say uh usually around the first of the month the bill is 741: Due. interviewer: if you were in a club you might have to pay your club 741: Dues. interviewer: say if you wanted to buy a new car uh you might go to your banker to arrange to the money 741: Borrow. interviewer: and you've probably heard that expression that uh good workers get mighty nowadays 741: Scarce. {NW} interviewer: or say uh a boy uh 741: I w- I don't now scarce I guess I use some I don't think it's a word I use very often. interviewer: say uh if a boy was in a uh swimming pool he runs down the springboard and goes in like so 741: He dived. interviewer: and he what would the participle form of that be say he has 741: Dived. interviewer: what would you say you did if you landed if you uh dived in the water and landed flat on your 741: #1 Belly # interviewer: #2 stomach # 741: buster. interviewer: or uh say if uh a boy was playing around in the yard and he tucked his head down and kicked out his legs and went over like that 741: Did a somersault. interviewer: when you get in the water you begin to 741: Swim. interviewer: and the past of that would be 741: Swam. Swam. interviewer: and you have 741: Have swum. swa- have swum I guess {C: laughing} I don't know. interviewer: {X} have you ever heard of uh a storekeeper uh say if you went down there to pay off your bill you ever heard one giving you a little gift or present or something like that just for paying it off 741: Hmm-mm. #1 I don't # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: know of a single person that does that. interviewer: {NW} uh talking about swimming again if a person gets in trouble in the water he might 741: Drown. interviewer: and the past of that would be 741: Drowned. interviewer: what would you say a baby does before he learns to walk? 741: Crawl. interviewer: and if there's something up a tree that I need to get I have to 741: Climb it. interviewer: and the past of that is 741: Climbed. interviewer: so say sometimes if before uh a child goes to bed says his prayers he'll sometimes 741: Kneel. interviewer: or if if you're feeling tired you might say well I think I'll go in bed a while 741: Get in bed I'd I'd probably say I think I'll go lie down a while. interviewer: or say uh well so and so is feeling really sick he couldn't even sit up he just had to in bed all day 741: Just had to lie in bed all day. interviewer: what do you say you do when you begin to see these things in your sleep you say 741: Dream. {C: background noise} interviewer: past of that would be 741: #1 Dreamed. # interviewer: #2 yesterday # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # or you might say well I was dreaming about so and so but all of the sudden I 741: Woke up. interviewer: or what would uh you say I did if I brought down my foot very heavy on the floor 741: Stamped it. interviewer: or 741: Or stomped. interviewer: yeah or say uh uh if a boy met a girl at a party he wanted to see her home after the party was over what would he probably ask her say 741: #1 If he can # interviewer: #2 well may # 741: take her home. Can I take you home or. interviewer: or say if I uh got my car stuck in the mud I might ask somebody to tie a rope onto my uh bumper and try to 741: Pull you out. interviewer: or get behind me and give me a 741: Push. interviewer: is there anything you might say if uh other than just carry for hanging uh uh say carry very heavy suitcase a long distance 741: #1 Lug it. # interviewer: #2 something # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # lug it? uh-huh do you ever hear people around here say uh tote it 741: #1 Some. # interviewer: #2 toted # that 741: uh-huh {NS} It's kind of a it's not anything I hear interviewer: mm-hmm 741: very often. interviewer: well what about if uh you were cooking something in the kitchen and a bunch of little children were uh around you getting in the way you might say well now that stove's very hot so 741: Watch out. {NW} I don't don't touch or something. interviewer: what about uh these uh games that children sometimes play uh chase or something like that and there's usually a place that you can run to and be safe what did you call that? 741: Home I guess. No. Auxiliary 1: Well base. 741: Oh well you're saying baseball. Auxiliary 1: mm-mm 741: Home base? Auxiliary 1: No just base. 741: Oh really? interviewer: just run to base can't get you there or say if we're if we are throwing a ball around I throw it to you you're supposed to 741: Catch it. interviewer: and the past of that would 741: #1 Caught. # interviewer: #2 be # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # or say if uh we were going to meet in town I might say well if I get there first I'll 741: Wait on you. interviewer: if uh say your husband had a hired man who just kept loafing around uh and he might have to discharge him he might say well looks like I'm gonna have to get of that man 741: Rid of him. interviewer: and if the man comes back after he's fired him uh he might say aw come on just give me another 741: Chance. interviewer: say if somebody who uh is always smiling and has a nice word for everybody you'd say well well so and so sure seems to be in a good 741: Mood. interviewer: anything else you've ever heard for that? 741: Someone who's always like that? Usually say that they're have a good personality or they're real very friendly or something like Auxiliary 1: Sunny disposition. 741: something. interviewer: have you ever heard people say so and so's in mighty good humor today 741: Oh in a good humor yeah. interviewer: now what what about uh oh say if it's a kid left his best pen out on his desk and when he came back it was gone you might say well looks like somebody 741: Stole it. interviewer: or I might say something like uh well I had forgotten about that but now I 741: Remember. interviewer: or say if you wanted to get in touch with somebody uh without phoning them you might sit down and 741: Oh write a letter. interviewer: and the past of that would 741: #1 I # interviewer: #2 be # 741: wrote a letter. interviewer: and you have 741: Written. interviewer: and what do you call yourself doing {NW} always comes up there uh to the envelope after you've written a letter 741: Lick it. interviewer: well and you 741: #1 Seal it. # interviewer: #2 write # 741: Oh address it. #1 Okay. # interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # you might say well I'd like to write so and so but I don't know his 741: Address. interviewer: and after you write somebody you might say well after I've gone to the trouble of writing him I expect to get 741: An answer. interviewer: or say if uh a little child is learning to whistle through his teeth and you wanted to know uh uh uh where he learned it you might ask him well who how to do that 741: Taught you how to do that. interviewer: have you ever heard of uh oh children calling another child who's always running around and telling on other children anything in particular 741: A tattletale. interviewer: now tattling and gossip is there any difference there? to you 741: Gossiping is just talking about somebody. Tattling is telling the authority Auxiliary 1: #1 what someone did wrong. # interviewer: #2 {NS} {NW} # {NW} I see. what about these things that uh you might put in vases around houses uh 741: #1 Flowers. # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # or these things that children play with say they have a lot of 741: Toys. interviewer: ever heard toys called anything else 741: Playthings. interviewer: ever heard 'em called play pretties? 741: Uh yeah I have. I've I never have called it that but that's uh I have heard it used. interviewer: well what about uh say if I have something that you need right now you'd say me that now 741: Give me that now. interviewer: and the past would be yesterday I 741: Gave. interviewer: and I have 741: Given. interviewer: or say if uh I might say well I sure am glad I carried my umbrella because we hadn't gone a block before it 741: Started raining. interviewer: or it to rain 741: Began to rain. interviewer: past of that would be 741: It began to rain. interviewer: and it has 741: Started raining. It has begun to rain all right. {C: laughing} {NW} I don't use that #1 exactly # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 741: in that. It started raining it was #1 raining. # interviewer: #2 right # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # well if you wanted to go somewhere in a hurry you wouldn't just walk you would begin to 741: Run. interviewer: and the past would be 741: Run. I'd say I ran. mm-kay interviewer: and I have 741: Run. interviewer: or uh say uh if the highway department's working on a road had all the machinery out there you know uh you might tell somebody well you can't get through there the highway department's out there and the road's all 741: Blocked. interviewer: or if they've been you know digging holes in it and 741: Oh. interviewer: trenches and all that you'd say the road's all 741: Torn up. interviewer: or say if uh your husband gave you a bracelet as a gift and you were just sitting there looking at it he might say well don't just look at it go ahead and 741: Put it on. {C: laughing} interviewer: or oh how about if uh if you were to sit on the couch beside a friend of yours and all of the sudden he said what'd you say? you might say I didn't I said nothing he might say oh I thought you said 741: Something. interviewer: if somebody asks uh uh how long have you lived here in Arkadelphia you might say me why I've 741: Lived here a jillion years. All my life. interviewer: or if say if somebody did something you might say well that wasn't an accident so and so did it 741: On purpose. interviewer: or if you're inquiring about something uh somebody might say well I don't know you better go so and so 741: Ask. interviewer: and the past form of that would 741: #1 Asked. # interviewer: #2 be # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # or if boys get irritated with each other they might start to 741: Fight. interviewer: and the past would be 741: Fought. interviewer: and if uh I accidentally take a knife and do that that's a uh 741: Stabbed. interviewer: or if uh say a teacher went into the classroom and a lot of funny pictures of her on the blackboard she might ask the class well now who on the board 741: Who drew that on the board. interviewer: or if uh say some men had to lift uh a heavy weight up onto the roof of the house they might take a block and tackle and do what to get it up there 741: Pull it. interviewer: ever heard any other way of uh I guess maybe if you were sailing have you ever heard an expression to uh have to do with uh 741: Oh hoist. interviewer: yeah 741: Okay. interviewer: what how would you uh greet someone around ten oh clock in the daytime you would say 741: Good morning. interviewer: what would be the latest you would say that 741: Oh well I certain wouldn't of course wouldn't say it past twelve noon but I probably wouldn't even say it past eleven. I usually I would say good morning like nine ten. Hello? Yes. Yeah. Oh uh well no I had just asked the the girls to and anything they want to uh drink in the way of {NW} liquor to bring themselves. Right. Oh no I'm not gonna be out much of anything because uh all the girls are supposed to bring uh you know some food and I'm just gonna fix a couple of dips and then have some ice and uh Cokes and Seven Ups and things so it's not gonna be anything worth. You know i- it's not gonna be anything at all. Okay. {C: laughing} Oh okay well thank you no I don't that won't be necessary if everybody just brings what what they particularly want to drink I think we'll be in pretty good shape. And all the women are gonna bring some kind of either chips or some kind of snacking something so we're gonna have plenty to eat. Uh no I think the cast members will be enough. I know s- uh Sherry's gonna bring um oh some kind of well she says it's a dip but it's really it's hamburger meat with uh beans and onions and cheese and all kinds of stuff it just sounds like a meal in itself so I think we're gonna have enough we'll have {D: Barkley dip} and then a cheese dip so we're gonna have a lot of kind of heavier type of dip so I think we're gonna have oh uh plenty to eat. Oh. {C: laughing} Oh right. Right uh-huh. Right. Okay. Okay that'll be fine. Okay well that that will just be fine. Okey-doke. Okay now bye-bye. We're having a cast party over here. interviewer: mm-hmm 741: Tonight. {NS} And interviewer: is tonight the last run? 741: right. With Richard feeling bad and I'm kinda. interviewer: well what about the part of the day after morning you call that 741: Afternoon. interviewer: and after that? 741: uh Well either evening or night. Evening and night's kind of different to me it's not to everyone. But it's kind of different to me. Late afternoon runs into evening which runs into night. interviewer: I see. well what about uh uh if you were leaving someone during the day what would you say to 'em? 741: I'd say bye. interviewer: have you ever heard people around here say good day? 741: Not really. Oh well I maybe some of the older generation may have. Or I'll see you. You know that's the or I'll see you later. Bye. interviewer: well what about the name of the meal that you eat early in the morning that's 741: Breakfast. interviewer: and then you eat 741: Lunch. interviewer: and then 741: Dinner. interviewer: any meal that you could eat between breakfast and lunch? 741: Oh brunch? interviewer: or what would you say to someone uh when you were leaving them at night 741: Good night. interviewer: or say if on a farm a person worked started work before daylight you'd say that he started work before 741: Dawn. interviewer: or before sun 741: Sunup. But I would say dawn. interviewer: well what about say if a farmer were a little bit late getting out of the field uh he'd say well when we started out the field the sun had already 741: Risen. interviewer: and if he worked until the sun went out of sight you'd say he worked until 741: Sunset or after sunset. interviewer: today is uh Thursday that means Wednesday was 741: Yesterday. interviewer: and Friday's 741: Tomorrow. interviewer: what if somebody came to see you on Sunday uh the Sunday before this past Sunday you'd say he came 741: Last Sunday. {NS} interviewer: or what about if he's coming to see you 741: #1 Next Sunday. # interviewer: #2 {D: Sunday's} # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: That there's more confusion on #1 these terms. # interviewer: #2 {NW} # {NW} you ever heard people the Sunday a week ago or Sunday worth a week ago 741: mm-hmm Su- #1 a week uh-huh. # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: Sunday week and all kinds of funny strange things I always have when I to make it clear I always #1 give 'em the date. # interviewer: #2 bring 'em a calendar # 741: #1 That's why I say the # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: date because last Sunday to me is just the previous Sunday it wasn't a week ago Sunday it was just the previous whenever. And then next Sunday is the next one coming up. interviewer: Right. 741: #1 But to # interviewer: #2 {NW} # 741: some people it's just not that way at all. interviewer: right 741: So you have to be careful. interviewer: say if somebody stayed at your house from about the first to the fifteenth you'd say they stayed about 741: Too long. interviewer: {NW} 741: They stayed about two weeks. interviewer: would you ever say do people around here ever use fortnight 741: Mm-mm. Or if they do I've never heard it. interviewer: or say if you wanted to know what uh time of day it is you'd ask somebody 741: What time is it? interviewer: and they'd say well just let me look at my 741: Watch. interviewer: what time would you say it was if it's midway between seven and eight oh clock? 741: Seven thirty. interviewer: and if it's fifteen minutes later than half past ten 741: I'd say it's quarter of eleven. interviewer: or say if you had been doing something for a long time you'd say well I've been doing that for quite 741: A while. interviewer: say if nineteen seventy-six was last year then nineteen seventy-seven is 741: Next year. #1 This year. # interviewer: #2 for seventy-seven # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 741: Nineteen seventy-seven is this year. {D: mm-kay} interviewer: or what about something that happened about this time last year you'd say it happened 741: A year ago. interviewer: and these things these white puffy things in the 741: Clouds? interviewer: yeah or say if you looked at up in the sky there aren't any clouds around and uh the sun's shining you say well I believe we're gonna have a 741: Pretty day. interviewer: or say if it's if it's not very pretty and the sun's not shining and uh you say well looks like it's gonna be a 741: Crummy day. {C: laughing} interviewer: {NW} 741: #1 Or it just # interviewer: #2 {X} # 741: or it's I'd say it looks like it's gonna be overcast or interviewer: have you ever heard people say oh looks like it's gonna be a gloomy day 741: Gloomy right. interviewer: or or say if the clouds are beginning to get uh thicker and you figure you're gonna have some rain you'd say that the weather's 741: Changing or turning or. interviewer: or say if the the clouds begin to break up and the sun starts shining you'd say the weather's 741: Clearing. interviewer: or what about uh a heavy rainfall say about an inch in just an hour you'd say you had a 741: Deluge I guess I don't know. Torrent. interviewer: have you ever heard people say a gully wash 741: {X} I've heard it. mm-hmm. interviewer: now what about if you're having a lot of lightning along with the rain you'd say you're having a 741: Electrical storm or a storm. interviewer: would that be the 741: #1 Thunderstorm. # interviewer: #2 same # thunderstorm well is it possible to have a storm with just uh lightning and no rain? 741: Oh yes. interviewer: would you call that something different 741: I'd c- uh heavens. Mm uh I don't know. interviewer: that would 741: U- there's usually some rain attached to it interviewer: I see. 741: Uh I mean you somewhere I mean it may not be raining just then I I can remember some I guess you'd call it a electrical storm I don't know. interviewer: have you ever heard the expression uh used to describe say uh uh rain uh it's raining uh when the sun's shining? now no clouds or anything but it just begins to rain 741: It just rains. Yeah no I I don't know of any expression for that interviewer: you're never heard people say the devil's beating his wife with a frying pan? 741: No. {C: laughing} Huh-uh. interviewer: well what uh say uh you might say well I just got my clothes up on the line when the wind came along and 'em down 741: Blew 'em down. interviewer: use the past participle would be the wind has 741: Blown. interviewer: well what about if uh the wind was blowing from uh that direction it'd be blowing from the 741: South. interviewer: and that would be the 741: North. interviewer: that would 741: East. West. interviewer: and between would be 741: That way is southeast. Southwest. Northwest. Northeast. {NS} interviewer: or say if you went out on your porch and just could barely see the house across there because of these low-hanging clouds say you're having 741: #1 Foggy. # interviewer: #2 a lot of # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # you're just there's a lot of {NS} 741: Fog. interviewer: or if it uh doesn't rain for couple of weeks you'd say you're having a little 741: Drought. interviewer: or if it's not as 741: #1 Yeah I # interviewer: #2 severe # 741: called it a drought and I think my son looked it up and said it was a drought. #1 all these # interviewer: #2 yeah # 741: years I had said drought. interviewer: {NW} is there something not as severe as a drought 741: Dry spell. interviewer: or what about if the wind has been very gentle and it's gradually getting stronger you'd say the wind is 741: Picking up. {NS} interviewer: or if it's 741: #1 Rising. # interviewer: #2 just # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 # or if it's the opposite if it's been 741: #1 Dying # interviewer: #2 strong # 741: down. interviewer: well well how would you describe the weather if you went out in the morning and it ah it was uh little chilly but not bad you know just kinda you'd like to be out in you'd say it's real 741: It's uh oh crisp or {NS} uh I don't know I can't think of anything right now just really. {NS} interviewer: for some reason I when I ask that question that old Lewis Carroll poem Jabberwocky 741: Mm-hmm. interviewer: 'Twas really {NS} really dismal 741: Really. interviewer: whatever that is what are what about if uh say you have a light white coating on the ground you'd say you had a light 741: Snow. interviewer: or 741: Frost. interviewer: or you might say well it got so cold last night that the lake 741: Froze. interviewer: or if it gets much colder the pond will 741: Freeze. {C: background noise} {NS} interviewer: this expression uh you might hear people say well sometimes it seems that your good luck comes just a little bit at a time but it seems that your bad luck comes 741: In bunches I don't know. {C: laughing} interviewer: or say if uh if a farmer got twenty bushels to the acre last year this year it was forty bushels you'd say this year's crop was 741: Double. interviewer: or was as good 741: Twice as good. interviewer: just for pronunciation if you don't mind count for me from one to twenty 741: One two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty. interviewer: the number after twenty-six is 741: Twenty-seven. interviewer: and after twenty-nine 741: Thirty. interviewer: and after thirty-nine 741: Forty. interviewer: and after sixty-nine 741: Seventy. interviewer: and after ninety-nine 741: A hundred. interviewer: and after nine hundred ninety-nine 741: A thousand. interviewer: and ten times one hundred thousand is one 741: Million. I hope. {C: laughing} {NW} interviewer: what the day of the month that the bills are due is usually the 741: Tenth. interviewer: and the one before that the tenth would be the 741: Ninth. interviewer: then the 741: Eighth. Seventh. Sixth. Fifth. Fourth. Third. Second. First. interviewer: and uh the months of the year 741: January February March April May June July August September October November December. interviewer: and the days of the week 741: Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday. interviewer: you ever heard Sunday called anything else? 741: Besides the Sabbath? interviewer: Okay. 741: The Lord's day. {NS} interviewer: I've got it 741: The whole thing huh. interviewer: the whole thing 741: I thought of what I call the dog besides a mongrel's a cur. interviewer: cur dog 741: I knew there was something else that I called it that I had not interviewer: mm-hmm well I think there are several things uh talking to you that I had never run into before like flash and uh what else was it glisten 741: Glisten. interviewer: is there an old uh 741: {D: bar uh you we do we got bar} interviewer: yeah seems there's a a poem that uses that word glisten but not to mean sweat well is it Richard Cory you ever read that so and so glistened when he walked I'm not sure 741: Glistens in a lot of things I think as far as literature is concerned. interviewer: well here 741: You want me to get that judge's #1 name let me write it for you. # interviewer: #2 oh yeah that would # 741: #1 # interviewer: #2 #