779: {D: seen a ten overs knock it out} after three interviewer: what else do they get from the {D: well the same thing} 779: crabs um ho uh {C: tapping} what are those dumb fish um interviewer: what other kinds of seafood can you get at the store? 779: oh uh {C: impact noise} oysters interviewer: mm-hmm 779: oysters um oh great I don't know we don't eat seafood much hardly ever cuz I don't like it interviewer: what's something that it's got a a real thin shell you could eat it boiled or fried or 779: #1 a real # interviewer: #2 it's # 779: thin shell? interviewer: it's shaped kinda like this it's pretty expensive {D: you should get it} 779: #1 you said # interviewer: #2 fresh # 779: boiled or fried? #1 oysters? # interviewer: #2 yeah # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 779: I said oysters wasn't it interviewer: well something else 779: something else besides oysters? interviewer: it doesn't come in a shell like oysters it's just got the 779: oh shrimp? interviewer: mm-kay #1 if you wanted to # 779: #2 shrimp # interviewer: #1 # 779: #2 # interviewer: to buy some you'd ask for several pounds of 779: shrimp interviewer: mm-kay {C: 779 coughs} what about something that you get from a stream it's got claws it's fresh water 779: crab interviewer: or it's something about this big it'd be {D: touching its hooves on the back} 779: oh uh crawfish interviewer: mm-hmm do y'all eat those #1 around here # 779: #2 no # well s- a lot of people do #1 not us # interviewer: #2 {D: not you} # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 779: nuh-uh interviewer: what would you hear making a noise around a lake at night? 779: uh frogs? interviewer: hmm? 779: frogs? interviewer: what different kinds? 779: um maybe rain frogs? interviewer: mm-hmm 779: and uh I don't know rain frogs is the only kind interviewer: what do rain frogs look like? {D: how do they} 779: #1 I don't # interviewer: #2 {X} # 779: know that I've ever actually seen one but I've just got an idea in my mind there a big ol' frog just a great big frog interviewer: what do you call the real big frogs that are at the lake {D: in the} 779: at the lake? interviewer: uh-huh have a real big throat 779: oh oh I don't know #1 um # interviewer: #2 do you ever hear # bull- 779: yeah bullfrogs interviewer: what about the tiny ones that get up in the trees? 779: I don't know interviewer: and the ones that stay on land little brown ones 779: I don't know what they're #1 called # interviewer: #2 well # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # you'd see it just hopping around in a garden or something round and about {D: maybe barking} 779: I don't know what they're #1 called # interviewer: #2 well # do you ever hear 'em called toad frog or 779: #1 oh # interviewer: #2 {X} # 779: toad frogs yeah toad frogs interviewer: mm-kay if you wanted to go fishing what might you take out to go fishing with? 779: worms interviewer: are there different kinds of worms or? 779: uh well yeah earthworms and and uh I don't know I know there is {C: laughing} different kinds interviewer: mm-kay 779: there's earthworms interviewer: what about a small fish you can use for bait? 779: a small fish? a minnow interviewer: hmm? 779: a minnow interviewer: mm-kay and a hard shelled thing that can pull its neck and legs into its shell 779: a turtle interviewer: what different kinds are there? 779: uh snapping turtles and I think just regular old turtles interviewer: are they on {C: informant laughing} land or water or what? 779: well some of 'em are in the water and some of some are land turtles aren't they and some are in the water interviewer: any special name for turtles that just stay on land? 779: uh I can't think interviewer: do you ever hear terrapin or cooter? 779: terrapin interviewer: hmm? 779: terrapin? interviewer: what about gopher? do you ever hear 779: #1 mm-mm # interviewer: #2 that # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # and kind of insect that flies around a light and tries to fly into the light? 779: an insect uh uh light bugs interviewer: mm-kay and what eats holes in your wool clothes? 779: oh uh moths? interviewer: mm-kay then talking about just one of those you'd talk about 779: a moth interviewer: hmm? 779: a moth interviewer: and an insect that has a light in its tail 779: oh uh aw shoot we used to catch 'em uh we called 'em lightning bugs {C: laughing} interviewer: mm-kay what kinds of insects will sting you? 779: uh bees bumblebees wasp interviewer: what about the ones that {D: has a hand slung too} 779: has a nest? uh interviewer: what's supposed to sting you really bad? 779: hornets? interviewer: do they have those around here? 779: hornets {C: mumbles} uh no if we do I you know I haven't seen any around here there may be some but I don't I haven't seen any hornets nest interviewer: just a second what's something that's yellow and black striped? that it's kinda like {D: a big ear wasp} 779: yellow and black striped? you're not talking about a caterpillar? #1 it's kinda # interviewer: #2 well # 779: like a wasp? interviewer: what about a yellow? yellow jacket? 779: a yellow jacket? interviewer: uh-huh where do they build their nests? 779: yellow jackets um where do they build 'em? uh well we had one in our garage one time sometimes they build 'em up under the eaves of the house interviewer: mm-hmm 779: you know and uh in the garage up in the the attic part of the garage interviewer: what about um something that builds a nest out of dirt or mud 779: a dirt dauber interviewer: mm-kay do they sting? 779: I don't believe interviewer: and this is like {D: our thinking} now you mentioned before uh it's got it'd be around a lake or around water um it's got real shiny wings two pairs of shiny wings 779: butterflies interviewer: and what's something that um bites you and and it carries malaria 779: mosquitoes interviewer: and something that's supposed to eat the mosquitoes 779: something that eats mosquitoes? interviewer: mm-hmm 779: #1 uh # interviewer: #2 something # that it's got two pairs of real shiny sort of transparent wings 779: that eats mosquitoes oo um interviewer: do you ever hear of a dragonfly or? 779: yeah interviewer: hmm? 779: yeah {C: mic bump} interviewer: what would you call that? 779: well I'd call 'em dragonflies interviewer: do you ever hear any other names for 779: mosquito hawks interviewer: mm-kay and the little insect that gets on your skin if you go through the woods? tiny little 779: red bugs interviewer: mm-kay any other name for them? 779: chiggers {C: laughing} interviewer: what would most people around here 779: red bugs interviewer: and something that hops around in the grass? 779: that hops around in the #1 grass? # interviewer: #2 yeah a # little green thing green insect 779: green oh a grasshopper? interviewer: have you ever heard them called a hoppergrass? 779: uh-uh who calls 'em that? {C: laughing} that's funny huh-uh hmm interviewer: um if something say if you hadn't cleaned a room in a while up in the ceiling or in the corner you might find a 779: spider interviewer: mm-kay what they would have built would be a 779: spiderweb interviewer: would you call it a spiderweb whether it's outside or inside? 779: uh well it depends on what kind of web it was interviewer: what do you mean? 779: well like uh some people say cobweb well it could be a cobweb inside too interviewer: whether it's a would you call it what do you think of of cobweb and {D: thing} 779: a spiderweb interviewer: would there be a spider living in it or 779: well it could be interviewer: mm-kay 779: #1 not # interviewer: #2 either # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 779: not necessarily no interviewer: and the part of the tree that grows under the ground is called the 779: the roots interviewer: do you ever hear of using certain kinds of roots or vines {D: for motherhood} 779: mm-hmm interviewer: do you remember what any of them are? 779: uh well you mean like they're called herbs? interviewer: mm-hmm 779: do I remember of 'em are? um now rhubarb is made in pies that's not um oh let's see and now I can't remember what any of 'em are interviewer: and the kind of tree that you tap for syrup would be called a 779: the kind you tap for syrup uh well maple there's interviewer: what would you call a big group of those grown together 779: hmm an orchard? interviewer: mm-kay what different kinds of trees grow around here? 779: uh oak trees pecan trees um hickory nut trees um let's see oh we have uh these catalpa trees {C: pronounced catobler} I don't know if they are or not but they have big ol' worms in 'em um we have a lot of oak trees we have pine trees uh oh gee gosh I don't know we've got so many interviewer: what's a kind of tree that it's got a it's a shady tree it's got white scaly bark you can sort of peel off? {D: it's got little moth-ly balls on 'em} 779: oh it's white? {D: and this} interviewer: kinda whitish bark 779: my grandmother's got one in her front yard it's got it grows little balls wait that's not a certain type of oak tree interviewer: do you ever hear of a sick 779: sycamore yeah {C: overlap} interviewer: grow around here? 779: mm-hmm that it it's got a stem and it's got a ball on the end of it that's a sycamore right? interviewer: what about the kind of tree George Washington cut down? 779: cherry tree interviewer: and k- uh tree that's a symbol of the south big white flowers and 779: uh magnolia interviewer: do you ever hear that called a cucumber or a cowcumber tree 779: mm-mm interviewer: and something in a flowering bush that's got pink and white flowers on it blooms in late spring 779: pink and white? interviewer: mm-hmm 779: um it's not roses {D: just too many} um oh fiddle I know what you're talking about I think it's like a it looks like a rose interviewer: do you ever hear of rhododendron or {D: mountain law} 779: yeah but that's not what I was thinking of yeah I've heard of it interviewer: what have you heard it called? 779: uh the one I'm thinking of I can't think of it uh I've heard of rhododendrons but that's not what I was thinking of interviewer: do rhododendrons grow around here? 779: yeah interviewer: is there anything else similar to a rhododendron? maybe smaller 779: um well I don't know probably so uh I don't know I guess there is but I can't think of it interviewer: do you ever hear of anything called {D: spogler or spooner} 779: nuh-uh interviewer: and a kind of a shrub that's got clusters of berries on and it's the leaves turn bright red in the fall 779: mm interviewer: might grow next to the side of a fence 779: uh oh gracious god you said red berries and my neighbor's got one right back there uh I can't think of what those things are called interviewer: do you ever hear of sumac or shoemake? 779: I've heard of sumac interviewer: does that grow around here? 779: I don't know what it is interviewer: what kinds of um berries grow around here? 779: what kind of berries uh well blackberries uh I guess they have strawberries out on the farms interviewer: what's a #1 berry # 779: #2 {X} # interviewer: that um I don't think it grows around here but a lot of times you can find things flavored with this? 779: blueberries interviewer: {D: plus} {D: the berries are having less surface and some of them} red and some grow in black starts with an R 779: raspberry interviewer: do they grow here? 779: I don't think so I haven't if they do I haven't seen 'em interviewer: say if you saw some berries and didn't know what kind they were you'd tell someone you better not eat those they might be 779: poison interviewer: and what kinds of bushes or vines will make your skin break out? if you touch 'em 779: poison ivy poison oak interviewer: how do you recognize 'em? 779: by their leaves interviewer: what does poison ivy look like? 779: poison ivy oo gosh is it the one's got three leaves? interviewer: mm-kay what about poison oak? 779: mm uh I can't remember interviewer: are you allergic at all? 779: nuh-uh not allergic to anything {C: laughs} interviewer: say if um a married woman didn't wanna make up her own mind about something she'd say well I have to ask 779: my husband interviewer: and he would say referring to her I have to ask 779: my wife interviewer: any joking ways they'd refer to each other? 779: any what? interviewer: any joking ways that they would refer to each other? 779: uh yeah probably {C: laughing} interviewer: uh would you ever say anything besides my husband? would you ever 779: um if I was talking to somebody else I would {C: laughing} uh well I know some people say my old man but I don't say that interviewer: how does that sound? to you? 779: that doesn't sound very nice to me interviewer: and a woman whose husband is dead is called a 779: a woman whose husband is dead? interviewer: uh-huh #1 she's a # 779: #2 wi- # a widow interviewer: what if he just left her? then she'd be a 779: if he just left her? um he just left her but he was not dead interviewer: uh-huh or if they're divorced she would be a 779: if they're divorced she'd be a divorcée interviewer: do you ever hear grass widow? 779: yes uh now if he just leaves her then she'd be a that's a grass widow? interviewer: is that what you'd call {X} 779: well I hadn't I didn't think of grass widow but I I have heard of interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 779: #2 it # interviewer: #1 # 779: #2 # yeah interviewer: the man whose child you are he's your 779: your father interviewer: and his wife is your 779: mother interviewer: and together they're your 779: children I'm I'm not following #1 you right # interviewer: #2 {X} # your father and mother together are called your 779: parents interviewer: what did you call your father? what did you call your mother? what did you call 'em? 779: I'd call 'em my daddy and my mother interviewer: mm-kay any thing else you'd call your mother? {X} 779: momma sometimes interviewer: and your father's father would be your 779: my father's father would be my grandfather interviewer: and his wife would be your 779: grandmother interviewer: what do people call their grandmother and their grandfather? 779: grandma and grandpa interviewer: mm-kay anything else? 779: uh well you got a lotta special names for 'em like my kids call my my mother gaga interviewer: how did they get that name? 779: the only thing I can think about is they tried to say grandmother when they were babies and it came out gaga {C: laughing} interviewer: um you'd say I was the youngest of five 779: children interviewer: anything else you'd say besides children? 779: mm uh no nothing I would say interviewer: what about kids? or {D: chass} 779: #1 well kids {C: overlap} # interviewer: #2 {X} # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 779: you could say kids yeah interviewer: do you ever hear {D: chass} or younglings? 779: uh yeah interviewer: which one would you hear? 779: I w- well I've heard of both of 'em but I've I've never you know really heard people refer to 'em in {D: sat way} I'd say kids myself or children interviewer: and a name that a child's known by just in his family do you call that a 779: now what interviewer: a name that a child is known by just in his family would be a do you ever hear of a pet name or {D: basket name} 779: a pet name #1 never heard basket # interviewer: #2 what would as an example of a pet name be # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 779: um oh I've got a lot of names for my kids um oo gosh I really don't I can't even think um I don't know interviewer: and something on wheels that you could put a baby {D: in the middle of down} would be called a 779: that you can put a baby in? interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 779: #2 it's # got wheels? a buggy interviewer: you put the baby in the buggy and you go out and 779: stroll it interviewer: and if you had two children you might have a son and a 779: daughter interviewer: or a boy and a 779: girl interviewer: and and the boy has the same color hair line as his father has and the same shape nose you'd say that he 779: he has his father's features interviewer: what if he has the same mannerisms and behaviors you'd say he #1 what # 779: #2 has # the same personality interviewer: do you ever say he favors or takes after 779: mm-hmm favors him I'd say that favors him takes after interviewer: which what do they refer to? looks or behavior or what 779: you mean when I said that what was I referring to? uh well mainly looks cuz my kids don't act like their daddy mainly looks interviewer: favors and takes after mean the same? 779: well no not necessarily cuz if you said takes after that would to me that would uh mean you know he acted interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 779: #2 like # his father interviewer: and if Bob is five inches taller this year you'd say Bob 779: if Bob is #1 what now # interviewer: #2 if # he's taller you'd say he 779: Bob has grown? interviewer: or in one year he 779: grew? interviewer: and if a woman's looked after three children 'til they're grown you'd say she has 779: raised three children interviewer: and the child's misbehaving you'd tell him if you do that again you're gonna get a 779: spanking interviewer: what else could you say? 779: a whipping interviewer: what's the difference? 779: no difference to me #1 really # interviewer: #2 are # they both done with your hand or with a belt or 779: well I usually spank with my hand sometimes with a switch and I have tapped 'em with a belt {C: laughing} interviewer: mm-kay um if a woman is gonna have a child you'd say she's 779: pregnant interviewer: do people used to use that word when you were growing up? would it sound alright to say? 779: uh if they used it they were rather careful because I don't remember hearing it too much when I was a child interviewer: what did you hear when you were a child? what would you 779: mostly they would say she's going to have a baby you know about like that interviewer: any joking ways of saying that? 779: uh interviewer: or vulgar ways that you've heard? 779: well uh no I'm sure there is but I haven't heard 'em interviewer: did you ever hear people say {D: sunk what} she's big 779: yeah interviewer: how does that sound? 779: well really I don't know interviewer: {D: well it's referring to for me phrasing} 779: yeah just to say that she's big interviewer: uh-huh 779: well I don't know uh it didn't sound really bad you know interviewer: say if you didn't have a doctor to deliver the baby the woman you could send for would be a 779: midwife interviewer: and a child that's born to a woman that's not married would be called a 779: illegitimate interviewer: or you'd call the child a what 779: a bastard interviewer: how does that sound? 779: terrible interviewer: any other anything else you could say besides a bastard that maybe sounded a little better? 779: um interviewer: besides illegitimate 779: well you could just say it was born out of wedlock interviewer: what about a um bush child or a um woods cult or 779: #1 never heard that # interviewer: #2 {D: bog pulse baby} # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 779: I never heard that interviewer: and you'd say Jane is a loving child but Peggy is even 779: Jane is a loving child interviewer: but Peggy is even 779: more loving interviewer: and your brother's son would be your 779: my my brother's son would be my nephew interviewer: and a child that's lost both parents would be a 779: an orphan interviewer: and the person who's supposed to look after him would be his legal 779: guardian interviewer: and if you have a lot of cousins and nephews and nieces around you'd say this town is full of my 779: relatives interviewer: mm-kay what else could you say besides relatives? 779: um kin people #1 or folks # interviewer: #2 and # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # you'd say she has the same family name and she looks a little bit like me but actually we're no 779: relation interviewer: and someone who comes into town and nobody's ever seen him before he's called a 779: stranger interviewer: what if he comes from a different country? 779: an alien interviewer: mm-kay and a woman who conducts school is called a 779: a schoolteacher? interviewer: any special names for a woman teacher? 779: um well I don't know if this would be special but you mean like instructors or interviewer: mm-kay and did you ever hear schoolmarm or anything like that? 779: school what? interviewer: schoolmarm 779: nuh-uh interviewer: and a preacher that's not very well trained just sort of preaches here and there and he's not very good at preaching you'd call him a 779: um uneducated interviewer: what about a carpenter if he's not very good at building things? 779: an apprentice? interviewer: did you ever hear of {D: jack row} 779: no interviewer: and did you ever hear of {D: shake tree or} yard-ax 779: referring to the carpenter? interviewer: uh-huh or a mechanic or anything and do you remember what they used to call a barrel maker? 779: no interviewer: or are you familiar with if someone's last name the name cooper or cooper {C: second pronunciation like foot} 779: mm-hmm interviewer: what would you call a married woman with that last name? she'd be 779: what would I call her? interviewer: mm-hmm 779: if her last name was C-O-O-P-E-R? #1 I would # interviewer: #2 yeah # 779: call her cooper {C: pronunciation like foot} interviewer: and or she's married she'd be 779: oh missus cooper {C: foot pronunciation} interviewer: and {D: the um} name of the mother of Jesus 779: Mary interviewer: and George Washington's wife 779: uh Martha interviewer: and do you remember a song that started off wait 'til the sun shines 779: Nellie interviewer: and a male goat is called a 779: male goat a ram interviewer: or a nickname for William is 779: Bill interviewer: or add a Y to that 779: Billy interviewer: mm-kay and the first book in the New Testament 779: Genesis oh in the New Testament oh I'm sorry oh gosh the first book in the New Testament uh it's not Matthew interviewer: mm-kay 779: is it {C: laughing} {C: laughing} interviewer: and 779: I'm not sure interviewer: the um name of the wife of Abraham 779: uh Sarah? interviewer: and a boy nicknamed Bill his full name would be 779: a boy nicknamed Bill interviewer: his full name would be 779: William interviewer: and if your father had a brother by that name you'd call him 779: if my father had a brother we would call him uncle Uncle William interviewer: and President Kennedy's first name was 779: John interviewer: and if your father had a brother by that name 779: we'd call him Uncle John interviewer: and what relation would my mother's sister be to me? 779: now what your mother's sister she would be your aunt interviewer: do you ever hear people say aunt instead of aunt {C: pronunciation as unt then ant} 779: yeah interviewer: how would they say that and how does that sound to you? 779: unlike a sophisticated person interviewer: do you ever hear blacks say aunt instead of aunt? {C: ont then ant} 779: mm-mm interviewer: and the highest rank in the army 779: the highest rank is that a five-star general? interviewer: mm-kay and what's one rank beneath the the general would be a 779: uh a colonel? interviewer: and the person in charge of a ship is called a 779: uh in charge of a ship uh interviewer: {X} 779: yeah uh oh I know but I can't think mm interviewer: what about the head of a football team? 779: captain interviewer: mm-kay do you ever hear the word captain used like to call a man you work for captain? or anything like that? 779: did I hear what now interviewer: did you ever hear the word captain used in other situations? for example calling the person you work for captain or as a sort of an honorary title? 779: well I think it's sort of an honorary thing you know interviewer: how would you hear it used? 779: uh you mean besides captain of a football #1 team or # interviewer: #2 yeah # 779: captain of a ship? uh well for instance uh I watch a T-V show and this guy is a they call him a captain of this restaurant interviewer: what about um blacks calling the man that they work for captain do you ever hear that? 779: no I don't believe {C: mumbling} interviewer: and the person who presides over the court is called the 779: judge interviewer: and a person who goes to school 779: a student interviewer: and a woman who works in an office and {D: does supply things stuff for it} would be 779: a secretary interviewer: hmm? 779: a secretary? interviewer: and a man on the stage would be an actor a woman would be a 779: actress interviewer: and if you're born in the United States you'd say your nationality is 779: an American interviewer: mm-kay and what different names for blacks are there? 779: negroes colored interviewer: what was common when you were growing up? what was 779: colored colored people interviewer: did you ever hear any joking terms or derogatory terms? 779: well yes I don't know if I can remember any uh well I've heard 'em called niggers interviewer: mm-hmm do you hear that these days? 779: not too much you'd better be careful if you do {C: laughing} if you say it interviewer: what other terms? 779: um that's about all I can think of #1 where # interviewer: #2 what would you # call someone of your race would be 779: white or a Caucasian interviewer: any insulting names for whites? 779: mm there probably is I don't know of any interviewer: what about a child that's born with one parent black and the other parent white? you'd call that child a 779: um half-breed? interviewer: mm-kay any other names for 779: um oh I don't know there probably there is I think but I can't I don't know 'em interviewer: what would you call a real light-skinned negro? 779: um a mulatto? interviewer: mm-kay did you ever hear yellow? 779: a yellow negro? interviewer: uh-huh 779: no mm-mm interviewer: and what did blacks used to call the the whites that they worked for 779: um what did they call 'em? interviewer: mm-hmm 779: uh well they would usually call 'em miss so and so or well you know interviewer: what would you call a older black that you respected a lot when you were growing up 779: uh I would have probably called 'em mister so and so or missus so and so interviewer: what about aunt or uncle? did you hear that around here? 779: mm-mm interviewer: and white people that you look down on they don't try to work or do anything for themselves 779: poor white trash interviewer: mm-kay is that a word that blacks would use too? 779: yes that's right interviewer: any other names for poor white trash? 779: um I don't know I don't believe interviewer: what about someone the French people in south Louisiana what are they called? 779: uh Cajuns interviewer: any other name? 779: um I don't know interviewer: what about coon? 779: yeah coons {C: laughing} {C: laughing} I don't know is that #1 is that a word # interviewer: #2 {D: did you ever hear coonan} # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 779: yes interviewer: how does that sound? 779: bad {C: laughing} interviewer: and someone who lives way out in the country and doesn't get into town much and when he does come to town you can just look at him and tell instantly that he's from way out in the country you'd call him a 779: country hick interviewer: mm-kay anything else you could call him? 779: um well let me see country hick or I can't think of anything else interviewer: what about cracker or hillbilly or? 779: a hillbilly yeah I never heard of cracker a hillbilly interviewer: and say if you look at if you're at a party and you look at your watch and see that it's around eleven thirty or so you'd say well we better be getting home it's what midnight 779: you'd say if it's around eleven #1 thirty? # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # you'd say it's not quite midnight yet but it's 779: it's almost midnight? interviewer: do you ever say it's pretty near or {D: well nigh} 779: pretty near interviewer: hmm? 779: pretty near interviewer: and if you were walking and it's kind of icy you'd say well I didn't actually fall down but a couple of times I slipped and I 779: almost fell? interviewer: or I liked to 779: have fallen interviewer: {D: say that the top} 779: I liked to have fallen interviewer: is that would you say that word much is that 779: well yeah I do say it interviewer: and if someone's waiting for you to get ready so you can go somewhere calls out and asks if you'll be ready soon you'd say I'll be with you in 779: a little while? interviewer: or in 779: a few minutes interviewer: or if you're almost ready you'd say I'll be with you in {D: what E} what 779: ten minutes? interviewer: and say if um you had a question I might say well I don't know the answer to your question you better go what somebody else? 779: ask somebody else interviewer: so then I went and 779: asked interviewer: and you'd say you're the second person who has 779: asked me interviewer: and you'd say he {D: ran down a stream horde and} {D: what newer} to the water 779: dove interviewer: and several children have 779: dived interviewer: that kid was too scared to 779: dive interviewer: and if you dive and then hit the water flat you'd call that a 779: belly buster interviewer: mm-kay um and if a child puts her head on the ground and rolls over she turns a 779: somersault? interviewer: and you'd say um he got in the water and what across 779: swam interviewer: and um I have never what all the way across the lake? I have never 779: swum? interviewer: mm-kay and children like to 779: swim interviewer: and if you don't know how to swim and you get in the water you might 779: drowned interviewer: and yesterday somebody 779: drowned interviewer: and when I pulled him out he had already 779: he already drowned? interviewer: mm-kay and if you wanna know how frequently I go into town you might ask me how 779: how many times interviewer: or how what do you go to town? how 779: how often? interviewer: and say a friend of yours says that he's not gonna do something like he's not gonna vote for that guy and you're not planning to you'd say well me you agree with him you'd say 779: well I'm not going to vote for him? interviewer: mm-kay or say if um if I offered you a choice of two things and asked you which one you want you might say it doesn't matter just give me 779: either one interviewer: and you'd say um this part of my head is called my 779: forehead interviewer: and this is my 779: hair interviewer: and on a man hair here would be a 779: beard interviewer: and you'd say this is your 779: ear interviewer: which one? 779: left interviewer: huh? 779: left interviewer: say the whole thing it's your 779: left ear interviewer: and this is your 779: right ear interviewer: and this is the 779: mouth interviewer: and 779: neck interviewer: and this part 779: you mean right here? interviewer: mm-hmm 779: um adam's apple interviewer: any other names for that? 779: adam's apple? uh #1 I don't # interviewer: #2 and # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 779: #1 I can't think # interviewer: #2 if someone has a # cold they might have a sore 779: throat interviewer: #1 do you ever hear # 779: #2 oh # interviewer: #1 # 779: #2 # interviewer: #1 huh # 779: #2 yeah # interviewer: #1 # 779: #2 # nothing interviewer: what about goozle? do you ever hear that? 779: yeah I've heard of it interviewer: how do people use that? 779: uh well sometimes it's just in in um referring to their throat you know I guess interviewer: they call it 779: call it a goozle interviewer: how does that sound to you? 779: funny interviewer: and these would be your 779: teeth interviewer: and one 779: tooth interviewer: and the flesh around your teeth 779: is your gums interviewer: and this is one 779: left hand interviewer: two 779: hands interviewer: and this is the 779: palm interviewer: and this is one 779: fist interviewer: two 779: fists interviewer: and a place where the bones come together is a 779: joint interviewer: and say if I get down in this position you'd say I 779: squat interviewer: any other way of saying that? 779: stoop? interviewer: and what would you you'd say this is {X} {X} 779: you mean from bottom to top? interviewer: yeah is your 779: leg interviewer: what do you call this back part of your leg? 779: mm oh your thigh? interviewer: do you ever hear of hunkers or haunches? 779: I've heard of haunches {D: but it doesn't sound pretty} interviewer: what do you think of haunches as? or what have you heard it how have you heard that 779: I thought it was more of this interviewer: mm-kay do you ever hear people say down on your haunches 779: #1 yeah # interviewer: #2 or # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # hmm? 779: yeah I've #1 heard that # interviewer: #2 how would # how would you say that? 779: I'd just say uh they're sitting on their haunches or something like that interviewer: and this sensitive bone here is the 779: shin interviewer: and this is your 779: foot interviewer: and you have two 779: feet interviewer: and on a man this is his 779: chest interviewer: and these are the 779: shoulders interviewer: and say someone had been sick for a while you'd say well he's up and about now but he still looks a bit 779: peaked {C: pronounced with two syllables} interviewer: and someone who's in good shape you'd say he's big and 779: strong? interviewer: what if he's gained a little bit overweight? you'd say he's 779: getting fat interviewer: would you ever call him stout? 779: stout yeah interviewer: what does stout mean? 779: uh well it just means um a big robust looking person interviewer: does do you have the idea that the person's getting overweight or what 779: #1 well yes # interviewer: #2 {D: he's} # 779: #1 yes # interviewer: #2 {D: built} # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 779: I I I would say so interviewer: would you ever use the word stout talking about butter that's turning bad? 779: not me interviewer: and um someone who's always smiling and doesn't lose his temper you'd say he's 779: uh cheerful? interviewer: mm-kay and someone like a teenage boy who's just all arms and legs 779: lanky interviewer: what if he's always stumbling and dropping 779: #1 clumsy # interviewer: #2 things # huh? 779: clumsy interviewer: mm-kay and if a person keeps on doing things that don't make any sense you'd say he's just a plain 779: keeps doing things that don't make any sense um oh oh uh stupid? interviewer: what about a fool? would you ever call him fool? 779: well I wouldn't interviewer: how would you hear that word? 779: well people do call other people fools you know interviewer: does that sound really wronger to you or something or 779: well it's just a word that I was never allowed to say as a child and I've just never grown up using it interviewer: do you associate that with the bible {D: Genesis} 779: yeah I do interviewer: and a person that has a whole lot of money but really hangs on to his money? 779: um I can't think of the word {C: laughing} um a spendthrift? is that or is this the other way? {C: laughter} {D: no it's to men on the back to think of it} oh what word do you want interviewer: do you ever hear skinflint or 779: #1 skinflint # interviewer: #2 tightwad? # 779: yeah yeah a tightwad and a skinflint that's what I was trying to think of was a tightwad interviewer: when you say that a person is {D: tolerant} what does that mean? 779: um uh well it means that to me it means uh you know they're they're just uh uh they don't have any morals interviewer: it's insulting? 779: yeah interviewer: what if you say that a girl is {D: collard} what would that mean? 779: well that she uh didn't have many morals and you know she was just rather loose interviewer: would that refer more to sexual behavior with the same kind of girl? 779: {D: tollem} yeah it would to me interviewer: what would you say about an old person who gets around real well and doesn't have a lot of energy but can do all their work and 779: #1 spry? # interviewer: #2 everything # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # huh? 779: spry? interviewer: mm-kay say if your children are out later than usual you'd say well I don't guess there's anything wrong but still I can't help feeling a little 779: worried interviewer: or a little 779: afraid? interviewer: or you'd say you wouldn't feel easy about it you'd say you felt 779: ill at ease interviewer: mm-kay and you'd say um oh they'll be home all right just don't 779: worry interviewer: and a child might say I'm not gonna go upstairs in the dark I'm 779: afraid interviewer: what else would he 779: #1 scared # interviewer: #2 say # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # and you'd say um I don't see why she's scared now she if she had never been scared before you'd say she 779: she has never been afraid before? interviewer: what if or use an expression used to be you'd say she 779: that she used to be she has never been scared before? interviewer: what's the opposite of used to be? 779: of used to be? used not to be interviewer: mm-kay and someone who leaves money on the table and goes out and doesn't even bother to lock the door you'd say he's {D: mining} what would be 779: um oh dear I know it um what's the word? um I know exactly what you want I think but I cannot think of it uh trustworthy? interviewer: mm-kay or you'd say he shouldn't be so 779: um interviewer: if he just leaves it lying around where anyone could steal it 779: careless interviewer: huh? 779: careless? interviewer: mm-kay he said there's nothing really wrong with that lady but sometimes she acts kinda 779: uh um senile interviewer: or she acts kind of peculiar you'd say she acts a little 779: strange? interviewer: what about queer or {D: queer} {C: pronounced 'quar'} 779: queer she acts a little queer interviewer: what would that mean? 779: strange interviewer: okay does that #1 word change meaning # 779: #2 peculiar # interviewer: #1 # 779: #2 # queer? interviewer: mm-hmm 779: well uh it depends on how you use it I mean you gotta be careful how you use it nowadays interviewer: what would it mean nowadays? 779: well if you call somebody a queer nowadays it would mean they were a homosexual wouldn't it interviewer: is that has that word always meant that? has has queer always meant 779: #1 uh # interviewer: #2 homosexual # since you were growing up 779: well I don't really know if it if it meant that when I was growing up uh I never knew it interviewer: just in the past few years? 779: yeah in the past few years it's it's really you know when I've heard of it meaning a homosexual interviewer: what would you say about someone that makes up their own lines and then you can't argue with him he's gonna do things his way 779: #1 stubborn # interviewer: #2 {D: and he} # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # huh? 779: stubborn interviewer: mm-kay anything else you could 779: #1 um # interviewer: #2 say # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 779: hardheaded interviewer: what about someone that you can't joke with without him losing his temper? just with any little #1 thing # 779: #2 um # interviewer: #1 # 779: #2 # not hardboiled uh oh gracious interviewer: say if something had happened to embarrass him you'd say well you'd better not tease him about that {D: because on that stuff he's still a little bit} 779: tou- uh not touchy interviewer: mm-kay 779: he's interviewer: say if he lost his temper what would you say about him he got really 779: mad interviewer: and if someone's about to lose their temper you might tell 'em now just just keep 779: um keep your temper? interviewer: mm-kay and say if you'd been working very hard you'd say you were very 779: tired interviewer: what else could you say? 779: um worn out interviewer: and if a person had been well and suddenly you hear that they've gotten a disease you'd say well yesterday they were fine {D: it moths been day} 779: got sick interviewer: and if a person went out in bad weather and came in with sneezing and everything you'd say he went out in the rain and he 779: caught a cold interviewer: and if he couldn't talk right he sounded a little 779: oh hoarse interviewer: {D: and if he} 779: cough interviewer: and say if you um if you were taking a trip somewhere and you had a lot of little kids in the car and they kept bugging you asking for when you were gonna get there and were they there yet and you'd say well we'll be there 779: in a little while interviewer: mm-kay do you ever say by and by or anything like that? 779: mm just joking you know just joking with 'em I might say uh by and by interviewer: mm-kay how does that sound to you by and by? 779: well I don't know it it's I don't use it very much you know like I said I I usually just say something to 'em like that you know #1 joking 'em joking with 'em # interviewer: #2 mm-hmm # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 779: #1 I would # interviewer: #2 say # 779: say I would really say in a little while interviewer: mm-hmm say if um if you normally went to bed at say ten o'clock and you stayed up one night until one o'clock {D: bite} by about one you'd be feeling really 779: now what interviewer: #1 if # 779: #2 uh # interviewer: if you stay up way past your bedtime you would be feeling pretty 779: sleepy interviewer: and you'd say um at six o'clock in the morning I'll do what 779: get up interviewer: or before you get up you have to 779: wake up interviewer: and you'd say he's still sleeping we'd better go in there and 779: wake him interviewer: and someone who can't hear anything at all you'd say they're completely 779: deaf interviewer: and if a man had been out working in the sun and he takes off his shirt and it's all wet he'd say look how much I 779: perspired interviewer: or how much I 779: sweated interviewer: and a sore that comes to a head is called a 779: a boil interviewer: and the stuff that drains out 779: puss interviewer: and what about from a blister? the stuff that drains out is 779: uh just water? interviewer: and if a person got shot or stabbed you'd have to get a doctor to look at the 779: wound interviewer: and sometimes when a wound won't heal back right it get sort of a skinless growth over it you'd call that 779: mm infection? interviewer: or did you ever hear it called some kind of flesh? 779: mm no I don't believe interviewer: did you ever hear proud flesh? 779: oh yeah yeah interviewer: what 779: well yeah uh just like you were talking about you know if it doesn't heal interviewer: uh-huh 779: and it's just kinda like raw flesh interviewer: and you call it 779: proud flesh interviewer: what do you ha- how do you take care of that? {X} 779: #1 um # interviewer: #2 {X} # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 779: gee you have to go to the doctor {C: laughing} interviewer: did you ever have that? 779: no interviewer: what's a uh medicine you could put on a little cut? 779: uh iodine interviewer: and a real bitter medicine people used to take 779: real bitter? quinine interviewer: and something that um say if a person was shot and didn't recover you'd say that he 779: he didn't recover he died interviewer: any other ways of saying died? 779: um he expired interviewer: mm-kay what about a a joking way of saying that or {D: come the truce} 779: uh I don't know interviewer: did you ever hear kicked the 779: kicked the bucket? {C: laughing} #1 yeah {C: overlap} # interviewer: #2 how does that sound? # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 779: well to talk about a dead person that doesn't sound too good interviewer: and you'd say he's been dead a week and nobody's figured out yet what he died 779: from interviewer: and a place where people are buried? 779: cemetery interviewer: any other names for that? 779: um graveyard interviewer: and what they put the body in 779: well they put 'em in different things mausoleums uh graves interviewer: well what's the body laid out in 779: #1 casket # interviewer: #2 {X} # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # any other name for casket? 779: uh tomb? interviewer: and is that the same? 779: not really is it? I don't think interviewer: when he died everybody went to the 779: funeral interviewer: and if people are dressed in black you'd say that they're in 779: mourning interviewer: and say on an average sort of day someone asked you how you were feeling you'd say oh I'm 779: fine interviewer: and when you're getting old and your joints start hurting you call that 779: arthritis interviewer: any other names for that? 779: uh bursitis um now there is another one now what is it arthritis and bursitis #1 uh # interviewer: #2 what about # a disease that children used to get they'd choke up 779: used to get interviewer: or what are some of the things your children are vaccinated against 779: oh smallpox um interviewer: {D: polio} 779: smallpox polio tetanus diphtheria interviewer: mm-kay did you ever hear of anyone getting diphtheria? around here? 779: mm-mm interviewer: and a disease where your skin and eyeballs turn yellow? 779: uh a disease um that liver liver deal um what in the world is that {C: mic bump} uh hepatitis interviewer: well what I think it's it's related to that but it's 779: yellow jaundice? interviewer: mm-kay and when you have a pain down here and have to have an operation 779: appendicitis interviewer: did you ever hear any old fashioned name for that? 779: mm no I don't believe interviewer: and say if a if you ate something and it didn't agree with you and it came back up you'd say you had to 779: vomit interviewer: any other ways {C: mic bump} of saying that? 779: um upchuck interviewer: how does which sounds better? 779: well neither one sounds too good we usually say vomit interviewer: mm-kay is there any really crude way of saying that? 779: crude? I don't know interviewer: say if a person vomited you'd say he was sick where 779: he's sick in his stomach interviewer: mm-kay 779: yeah interviewer: and say if um your neighbor across the street had gotten some news that was really exciting you'd say um as soon as she got the news she came over here she came over why 779: to tell me the news interviewer: and if a boy is spending a lot of time with a girl like he was seriously interested in her you'd say that he was 779: serious about her? interviewer: mm-kay or he's doing what? 779: I would say he's in love with her interviewer: would you ever {C: informant coughs} say he's courting her? 779: courting her yeah interviewer: do you hear that nowadays? 779: not too much interviewer: what would you hear? 779: uh you would probably hear that he's serious about her interviewer: and he would be called her 779: her boyfriend interviewer: and she would be his 779: girlfriend interviewer: any old fashioned names for boyfriend or girlfriend? 779: uh I'm sure there is but I don't know 'em interviewer: say if #1 a boy # 779: #2 um # interviewer: came home with lipstick on his collar his little brother would say he had been 779: smooching interviewer: any other way of saying that? 779: kissing? interviewer: and when a girl stops letting a boy come over to see her you'd say she 779: I don't interviewer: did what do him? she 779: oh what's that word uh I know now she quit seeing him um uh I know the word but I cannot say it interviewer: what about um he asked her to marry her but she 779: turned him down interviewer: mm-kay and they were engaged and all of a sudden she 779: broke off #1 or broke up # interviewer: #2 mm-kay # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # um if she didn't break up you'd say they went ahead and got 779: married interviewer: any joking ways of saying got married? 779: got hitched interviewer: mm-kay how does that sound? 779: well it doesn't sound too good interviewer: do you ever hear jumped the broomstick? 779: no interviewer: and at a wedding the boy that stands up with the groom he's called a 779: a groomsman interviewer: what about the woman that stands over with the bride? #1 she's {C: overlap} # 779: #2 maid of # honor interviewer: and what else do 779: matron of honor? interviewer: mm-hmm and she might have several 779: bridesmaids interviewer: and a long time ago if people in the community would get married other people would come around their house that night and make a lot of noise they'd call that a 779: um interviewer: did you ever hear #1 did you ever hear of something like that # 779: #2 I don't uh # interviewer: #1 # 779: #2 # I've heard of 'em getting the groom and taking him off that was after they were married #1 though # interviewer: #2 uh-huh # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # what what what would they do 779: well if uh now like I saw this show and they came and got the groom they had just been married you know for a few hours and they'd gotten to the place where they were gonna stay and a bunch of his boyfriends came and got him and carried him out into the woods and left him {C: laughing} and he didn't have any way back he didn't even know where he was it was pitch dark and interviewer: would there be a special name for the kind of a thing like that 779: uh yeah but I can't think interviewer: did you ever hear of serenade or shivaree 779: huh-uh neither one of those I think they called it something on this show but I cannot think what they called it interviewer: and how would you use the words up or down or over talking about location like you'd say last week I saw 'em what Texarkana 779: I would say over in over in Texarkana interviewer: mm-kay why would you say over? 779: well cuz because uh to me it's not up interviewer: what would up be? 779: #1 it's not down # interviewer: #2 what to you # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # 779: well to me up would be would be uh up north interviewer: mm-kay what what about if you're talking about New Orleans? {D: you'd say I'm following} 779: down interviewer: hmm? 779: I would say down down in New Orleans interviewer: and what about Dallas? 779: I would say over interviewer: mm-kay and say if there was trouble in a party you'd say the police came and they didn't arrest just one or two of 'em they arrested the 779: the whole bunch? interviewer: mm-kay and say if um if he said um there was some cake or something and he said he was gonna get some and you wanted to know about yourself you'd ask well going to get some? how would you ask that? 779: n- n- now I didn't understand the question really he w- he was #1 what now he was going # interviewer: #2 if he's # gonna get him some cake you wanna know whether you can have some you'd ask 779: can I have some cake or? interviewer: mm-kay and you'd say um I think that's right but I'm not 779: sure interviewer: and something that you do every day if I ask you do the do you do it often you'd say yes I 779: do it frequently interviewer: and if you wanted to ask me whether he does that sort of thing you'd ask me 779: does he do it? interviewer: mm-kay and I'd say um I don't smoke but he 779: he does interviewer: and you'd say um I don't know if he did that or not but people 779: think he did? interviewer: mm-kay and say if I ask you um when are y'all going to um to Dallas you might say well right now we're what to go next week? we're 779: planning interviewer: anything else you could say besides planning? 779: um expecting interviewer: what about fixing or aiming? 779: fixing interviewer: uh-huh #1 how would you use fixing? # 779: #2 {X} # interviewer: #1 # 779: #2 # well um I wouldn't say we're fixing to go next well interviewer: does fixing mean sort of immediately or 779: well it it would mean more like immediately I guess to me interviewer: what about aiming? would you ever use 779: no interviewer: and say if there was something bad that you expected to happen like a child's walking along the top of a fence and you had expected him to fall off and hurt himself then someone comes running and tells you he's fallen off you'd say well I just 779: #1 knew he would # interviewer: #2 what # huh? 779: knew he would? interviewer: mm-kay and you'd say he wasn't actually gonna hit his little brother but he doubled up his fist and he what he was gonna hit him? 779: he what he wh- #1 he what he was gonna hi- # interviewer: #2 he he doubled # up his fist and he 779: he socked him interviewer: but he didn't actually hit him but he 779: started to hit him? interviewer: mm-kay do you ever say he acted as if or he made out like he was gonna #1 hit him # 779: #2 made out # like yeah I've said that interviewer: and when young people go out in the evening and move around on the floor to music you'd call that a 779: dance interviewer: would you have any special names for a kind of dance that you have at home or an old fashioned dance? 779: um square dance interviewer: mm-kay 779: um ballroom dance dancing interviewer: and say if children get out of school at four oh clock you'd say at four oh clock school 779: is out interviewer: and after vacation children would ask when does school 779: start interviewer: and say a child left home to go to school and didn't show up that day you'd say he 779: skipped school interviewer: mm-kay and you go to school to get 779: an education interviewer: and after high school you might go to 779: college interviewer: and after kindergarten you go into the 779: first grade interviewer: any old fashioned name for first grade? 779: mm I don't know it interviewer: did you ever hear primer? 779: uh I've heard of a book called that but not the first grade interviewer: uh-huh and years ago children sat on benches at school but now they sit at 779: {D: sitting} sit at desks interviewer: mm-kay each child has his own 779: desk interviewer: and if you wanted to check out a book you'd go to the 779: library interviewer: and to mail a package 779: the post office interviewer: and you stay overnight in a strange town in a 779: hotel #1 or a motel # interviewer: #2 and you'd see # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # huh? 779: or a motel interviewer: and you'd see a play or a movie at a 779: theater interviewer: and if you had to have an operation you'd go into the 779: hospital interviewer: and the woman that'd look after you? 779: nurse interviewer: and you catch a train at the 779: train station #1 depot # interviewer: #2 mm-kay # or you could call that the rail 779: railroad station interviewer: and the open place in the center of town around a courthouse is called a 779: town square interviewer: and say if you had a piece of furniture and it was in the corner but {D: all I can tell is you've got} something square in the corner it's sitting #1 back # 779: #2 mm # interviewer: #1 # 779: #2 # uh out from the corner interviewer: do you ever say kiddie-cornered or #1 caddy-walled # 779: #2 caddy-cornered # interviewer: huh? 779: caddy-cornered interviewer: mm-kay what about antigodlin? #1 do you ever hear that # 779: #2 yeah I've # heard of that but I don't use it interviewer: you've heard people say 779: yeah antigodlin interviewer: how would they use that? 779: well just like um like that interviewer: how would you use the word caddy cornered? 779: caddy cornered well you could just say like uh the TV is not in the corner but it is sitting caddy cornered interviewer: mm-kay 779: let me check the time just one minute {X} interviewer: um before they had um buses in town they used to have 779: before they had buses? oh trolleys? interviewer: mm-kay and you'd tell the bus driver this next corner is where I 779: get off interviewer: and say um in Caddo Parish Shreveport is the it's where the courthouse is and everything it's the 779: uh interviewer: the what of Caddo Parish 779: Shreveport is the um it's a city? interviewer: mm-kay do you ever say the parish seat or anything 779: #1 well I've heard that yeah # interviewer: #2 {X} # 779: #1 # interviewer: #2 # would you ever use that? 779: no interviewer: and if you were a postmaster you would be working for the federal 779: government interviewer: and the police in town are supposed to maintain 779: law and order interviewer: and the fight between the North and the South was called the 779: Civil War interviewer: any other names for that? besides Civil War? 779: uh I can't think interviewer: and before they had the electric chair murderers were they had ropes for murderers 779: oh they were hung I thought you said murders #1 were # interviewer: #2 no # 779: murderers were hung interviewer: mm-kay you would say they took the man down and they 779: hung him interviewer: did you ever hear of people doing that around here? 779: no interviewer: I mean a long time ago 779: uh I don't know a long time ago they may have in the jails but I don't know terrible interviewer: going back to that word um caddy-cornered if you were cutting across someone's yard would you say you were walking caddy-cornered or 779: yeah {c: tape fades}