794: {X} It's a guard rail Interviewer: #1 the, the top of it? # 794: #2 Yeah, what they call a guard rail. # You see where they put these props across the corners and put that in there that holds it down that's braces the fence it's uh, it's a guard rail Interviewer: Um, what did flour used to come in? 794: Huh? Interviewer: Flour that you would buy, what would it come in? 794: Well uh it used to come in wood But {NS} you don't get in wood now. You you get it {NS} in uh {NS} you get it in {NS} in paper bags. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Is a sack different from a bag? Well it's Well yeah some of it comes in cloth sacks but most of it comes in paper bags. Mm-hmm. 794: But uh they get some of it in cloth sacks now like that used to, large amounts you see. Interviewer: What was, you said it used to come in wood? 794: Uh flour used to come in wood, meal corn meal, what they make corn bread outta, that used to come in uh in in a wood sugar used to come in wood, vinegar come in wood Interviewer: What do you mean it'd come in wood? 794: Well it uh wooden barrels, large barrels, fifty gallon barrels Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Well they uh they uh vinegar it come it it come in fifty gallon barrels and some of it ten gallon, ten gallon barrels some five gallon barrels, that's smaller you see. But the flour it mostly came in uh fifty gallon barrels and the meal did too. Course some would come in sack but the most of it came in, in wood. Interviewer: What did you call the things that would run around the barrels, to hold the wood in place? 794: Well it's um Let me see uh hoop Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Tin hoops. Interviewer: And what did nails come in? 794: Well uh they came in uh in wooden kegs. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: And they had these tin hoops around them too. Interviewer: You seen a, a water barrel or a beer keg? 794: Yeah Interviewer: What do you turn to get the liquid out? 794: Faucet. Interviewer: What would you have out in your yard to turn to get water out? 794: Well you have faucets there too. Interviewer: What about at the sink? 794: Well yeah, you have a faucet there. #1 Same thing. # Interviewer: #2 Okay. # 794: Yeah. Interviewer: And, I think you'd mentioned um, syrup, what else is similar to syrup? 794: Well uh I believe that was all then, that and vinegar vinegar and syrup, that is, in a liquid. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Well, what's another name for syrup? 794: Molasses. Interviewer: Is there a difference? 794: No, it's it's all the same thing but just different names. People used to call it molasses Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: now they call it syrup. Interviewer: If you, did you ever hear it called long sweetening or short sweetening? 794: Well I guess it'd be uh The long sweetening I guess for it's uh it it it's just as sweet as it it can be, you see. Course the more you put in it just like you'd mix water with the more syrup you put the more sugar you put the sweeter it is. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: And in the drinks the same way. Interviewer: What would it come in if you'd buy it? 794: What it'd come in now? Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: Uh, you mean the drinks? Interviewer: No um, syrup or molasses. 794: Syr- syrup or molasses. Well it mostly comes in cans. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: In cans, in in tin cans. Buckets. Interviewer: Did you ever hear that called a stand? 794: Stand. I don't believe. Interviewer: And, to carry clothes out to hang them on the line, you'd carry them out in a clothes 794: I'd carry them out in a little basket. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Clothes basket. Interviewer: And nowadays, if an electric lamp wasn't burning, you'd have to screw in a new 794: Well i- i- if it if it's not a burning you have to, you have to operate on it see to, to pre- prepare it to burn now uh at times we have had hurricanes like here, some here and some put the lights out. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: And course we couldn't turn it on you see 'til they came and the electricity man came and fixed it but we have an old time uh what you call a coal oil lantern, kerosene and we like that we have two of them here, we have one here and we have one out at the camp house Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What would um, but if your electric lamp wasn't burning you might have to change the? 794: Uh bulbs in it. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: Sometimes the bulb burns out and sometimes the switch Mm-hmm. uh uh goes wrong you see, something with it. Interviewer: Did you ever see anyone make a lamp, using a rag and a bottle and some kerosene? 794: Well uh yes there's uh you can use a rag {NW} and and kerosene that way or uh or if you if your globe gets uh real dirty you use that or soapy water is really the best. wash it out with soapy water with a rag and then then take a dry cloth and dry it out like that. Interviewer: What about, just taking it like a coke bottle and filling that with kerosene and putting a rag down in there, did you ever see anyone? 794: Well you yeah you can do that, you can put a rag in it or you can take this pine straw and put in there just like when you cut your wood. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: Uh uh with a cross cut saw or any kind of saw and you sprinkle that on there on the saw you see take the turpentine off and make your saw run easier and all that if you don't put use this coal oil or kerosene on it {D: uh this resin oil will} cake up on it where you can't polish on it Interviewer: What would you call the lamp that you'd make yourself? 794: It'd do which? Interviewer: What would you call a lamp that you could make yourself? 794: Well I really don't know I believe on that course I never did make one you see a lamp and I never seen one made only at factories. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: And I couldn't answer that question. Interviewer: If you opened a bottle and you wanted to close it back up you could stick in a? 794: {X} well uh you can put a cap on it some bottles you see has a cap on it and prize off and you mash that back down on it and some has uh, a cork in it that you can uh you can put that cork back in it. Interviewer: What would, if, if it's made out of glass, would you still call it a cork? 794: Made out of what? Interviewer: If it's made out of glass or #1 rubber # Interviewer: #2 grass? # Glass. 794: Well I suppose you would. Uh course I never seen one you see made out of that but I suppose you could. Interviewer: If it's made, like an old medicine bottle, and it has a glass 794: yeah Interviewer: thing you put in it, would you call it a cork? 794: Yeah, you call that a cork too. You see it's just like they used to make the old coke bottles you know it had a little cork and a little oh uh wire like went up here and you hit that and knock it down Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: and it spew up. Interviewer: {NW} 794: But uh, you can pull that back up in it but there's generally ever, scarcely ever do the same one you see they put a new one in there Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: But that, that's a cork too. Now they used to call them stoppers. But uh it and the cork's all the same. Interviewer: Something that people would, a musical instrument you would blow on like this 794: French harp. I have one of them right in there. Interviewer: You have a? 794: Yep, French harp, yeah. And there used to be uh, a juice harp that you played thisaway, {X} {D:left}. Interviewer: Did you play that? 794: I used to did. And uh I don't have a juice harp now but I have a French harp now but I still play it and I used to pick a guitar. Interviewer: {NW} 794: Used to play up {X} Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: But I don't play any of that now. I got this uh hand mashed off this finger and then finally got that thumb course after I got this finger mashed off I'd still pick the guitar some but after I got this thumb mashed off I couldn't play it and uh I gave my guitar to my wife uh niece. She's taking music lessons and I gave it to her keep her head in the Bible. Interviewer: Um, if you wanted take some corn to the mill to be ground, what would you call the amount that you could take at one time? 794: Well you could take a bushel you could take a half a bushel, you could take a bushel or you could take two bushels. Way we'd carry it we'd put it in a sack throw it across the saddle, back of the saddle or up in front of the saddle, around the horn of the saddle on a horse and carry it thataway course some people carried it in a wagon some carried it in a buggy. Interviewer: Did you ever hear people call that sack a turn of corn? 794: Yeah. Yeah, turn of corn. Interviewer: What was a turn? 794: Well It's uh well that's most any amount you see of course small amount it wouldn't call it a turn if it was something like a wagon load they'd call that wagon load of corn but in sack small amount they'd call any of it any amount uh a gallon or peck or half a bushel a bushel or two three or four bushel or anything like that Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: A turn. Interviewer: If you went out and got as much wood as you could carry in both your arms, you'd say you had a? 794: Load. Interviewer: {X} 794: Arm load of wood. Interviewer: And on a wagon that didn't have a full load of wood 794: Part of a load. Interviewer: Do you ever call that a jag? 794: A what? Interviewer: A jag? 794: No I don't believe it. I've heard of that though, heard of a jag of wood Interviewer: Huh 794: That's just the same as the part of a load you see, piece of a load Interviewer: Is it bigger, is it too big to carry, a jag? 794: Well Uh if it's an extra large amount it- it's overloaded that is for a wagon or either the same way in your arms overload. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What did feed used to come in? 794: Which? Interviewer: Feed. 794: Feed? Well uh feed comes in a sack. They used to come in uh grass sacks. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: And uh I have a bunch of grass sacks right out yonder that I have taken out of my potato house Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: and I and I put my potatoes in to haul them into the house you know and then of course in the wintertime I cut them up to grate with sacks or or hay grass something thataway to keep them from freezing. But uh now uh they don't they don't put them in grass sacks thataway they uh put them in uh a paper bag. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Is there another name for grass sack? No. I don't think there is, I never did hear of it. Just grass sacks. What about croker sack or toe sack? 794: Well uh They're called, some of them call them toe sacks, but it's it's all made out of the same stuff you see Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: It's grass, grass sacks. And uh But uh they don't put it in grass sacks now I guess they quit making it use that stuff for something else and just like hay when they'd cut the hay and bale it up Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Take it to a press and bale it why they used to put wire around it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: But they haven't done that for the last uh fifteen or twenty years. They use uh oh strings, grass strings. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: For to tie it up with. Interviewer: If your wagon wheel was squeaking, what would you say you had to do to it? 794: Well uh, you you put grease on it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Uh uh axle grease. Interviewer: So you say you 794: take the wheel off undo that that the screw on, that is the tap some call it the nut, but it's the tap {NS} {X} Protect name for it and uh you take that off and you pull your wheel off a piece and take your paddles and get your grease out of the can or whatever it's in and put it on there smear it down on it and then put your wheel back on and then when it turns that makes it just easier to turn you see it makes it easier for for horses to pull. Interviewer: So what would you say you'd done to the wagon wheel? 794: Greased it. Interviewer: Mm-kay. You'd say you um, 794: Greased it, greased the wagon. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If grease got all over your hands, you'd say your hands were all 794: All greasy. Interviewer: And something you could use if you wanted to chop a log, a frame like this, an X shaped frame? 794: An ax. Ax. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What's the frame you could set the log in? 794: Well you you can you put it in uh in what they call a rack, they called it a rack you see, it's it's a wood uh built out of wood but wooden rack. It's a wood rack. Interviewer: How do you build one? 794: Well you you put your pole down thisaway about six or eight or twelve inches through and then you cut your stobs long enough to uh to drive in the ground deep enough to hold and to put it across this log and then one across thisaway and you drive them in the ground deep enough so when you put the wood in there the log in there it won't uh kick up you see Interviewer: mm-hmm 794: and you put it up high enough for the something like the to the top of your log Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: And sometimes if if it's a small log it goes a little higher and of course a larger log sometimes don't go quite as high. and uh, you saw it up and you make this uh you if it's uh kind of sharp poles you just put three across that's one at each one and one in the center Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: #1 And you build # Interviewer: #2 an X # 794: And yeah you build this center one a little higher than you do each one of the end ones to keep it from pinching you see the top closing together when you catching your saw when you go to saw it. and sometimes you have to use a wedge Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: to drive in there a wooden wedge with a ax uh something like a seasoned hickory timber wedge or um if it's a large stuff you take an iron wedge and drive it with a iron sledge. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What would you use if you wanted to saw a board, what's the A-shaped frame carpenters use? 794: To saw off a Interviewer: a board. 794: board oh Interviewer: They'd have two of them 794: Yeah well um if you saw them uh you can't scarcely saw a board that is like uh that wet you know plant like uh that generally goes to a shingle mill. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Now uh if you saw it in two, course the length of it you'd saw it with a cross cut saw or or power saw or buck saw course a buck saw it's uh slow sawing, pretty hard sawing too Interviewer: What's the the frame you could set it in though? Did you ever see something that looks like this? You'd have a A-shaped frame that goes across at the top there? Got legs like these would be the legs and it's got a board across here? 794: Well that's the shape of the top of a house, you see. Interviewer: uh-huh 794: That's what you call the comb of the house. Interviewer: Well, not, not with the house on it. You could um, it's a frame that carpenters use, have a board here and a board here. 794: Oh yeah. Yeah well they call that uh, they call that a jack. A jack frame. And uh, and you could take uh You- you- You could make a frame To saw uh any, any width any way you wanna saw it to give it so much shape you see or or two inch one inch, two inch, or three or four or whatever you want to. Interviewer: What do you use the jack frame for? 794: Well uh You use that for the to saw uh lumber with That's for to brace it you see, something to put it on to hold it to make it solid so you can saw it Interviewer: Is that the same as a horse? 794: Yeah, same as a horse, as a saw horse. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Same thing. Interviewer: {X} What's something you'd put in a pistol? 794: Put in a pistol? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Bullets. Interviewer: Is there another name for bullets? 794: Well, they call it ammunition. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Bullets and ammunition That's all that uh, there is to it you #1 see. # Interviewer: #2 What about {X} # 794: What? Interviewer: Did you ever hear another name for it though? 794: No, that's the only names I ever heard. Interviewer: What about {X}? 794: Well {X} now just like uh it's different kinds of guns, course if- if- if you call it shells Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: for a shot gun or rifle either one. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: {X} This uh ammunition, this uh powder, and this bullet goes in you see, they call it a shell. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Would you ever call it a cork? 794: A what? Interviewer: Cottage or cartridge? 794: Yeah well you can call it cottage too, but a cottage, that that uh means the whole thing that they the ammunitioning, the powder, and the bullet all in it. and that, that's a cottage. Interviewer: What would you sharpen a straight razor on? 794: Well, you'd have uh ra- a razor uh blade uh I mean uh a strap Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Or you can have a a stone, a razor uh whetrock. {NW} And you can sharpen them on that, bring them down to a rough edge. And then you can take in uh a a a leather strap that you hang up, and then you strap them back and forth thataway on it. You can sharpen a razor on that or a knife. or anything thataway. And I have taken them and sharpened my ax on them. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: But you generally take uh uh uh file to a ax or uh, or a grindstone when I have grindstones out here I have uh a emery wheel that there's to cut down you see if it's too thick that's to grind it down thin. And then you can take and put it to uh a grind stone it it's fine just like this here and put the edge on it to make it real sharp. Interviewer: What's something that children would play on? You'd take a board and it'd go up and down, like this? 794: Well uh Now uh I've used that for bird traps. Pedal, that's a pedal. Interviewer: How, how do you make that? 794: Well You uh you make it you take you a little stick and set it about this high Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: And and you kinda sharp slope both sides of it here. Then you take you a long Gonna go back under your, your trap And you let it come to here and you cut a notch in here and and then you let it come out here and uh you cut a little notch in the top part of it and you take uh another one and you cut a little notch to go on this and slope it and then slope it here and you put it in there and you, and this sure holds it up and this holds the trap up and and so uh and you put feed on the trap, pull this pedal in and the bird gets in there eating this feed and catch this pedal and knock it down and it'll fall along you see, you got your birds Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: {NW} Interviewer: What sort of um, things did people used to build for children to play on? 794: Oh uh merry-go-round. merry-go-round. Interviewer: Was there another name for that? 794: Well um Let me see, yes there's another name for it if I can think of it now. Interviewer: Did you ever hear of flying...? 794: Huh? Interviewer: Flying? 794: Flying, flying Jenny. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: Yeah, flying Jenny. Yeah. I made them many one, us boys used to make them in school. {NW} And uh One'd get on each end of it {NW} Two would get on to push it around and tear it sometimes fast it'd sling them off Interviewer: {NW} What's something that you'd take a board and lay it across a {D: trussle} and it would go up and down, and a child would sit at each end? 794: That's uh what they call a ridey horse. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: A ridey horse. Interviewer: If you saw some children playing on that, you'd say they were doing what? 794: Well sometimes they, they'd ride too fast and go up and down too fast you see and sometime one would come down so fast and throw the other one off Interviewer: {NW} Did you ever see anyone take a board and anchor it down at both ends and children would get on the middle and jump up and down? 794: Yeah. Interviewer: What'd they call that? 794: Well that's a spring board. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: What they call a spring board. Interviewer: How would you make one? 794: Well you could just take uh take a plank a one by six or a one by twelve and uh take it out on the level ground and make you a block something like this high or high as you want it and put it at each end fasten each end of it to this block and uh you can get in the middle and jump up and down, it'll spring and if it if you jump up and down hard sometimes it'll throw you way up yonder sometimes it, it'll you get over balanced and and and you won't come back on the board, you'll fall over sometimes. Interviewer: {NW} What could you make with a long rope tied to a tree limb? #1 and put a seat on it? # 794: #2 Swing. # A swing. Yeah. Yeah I'd take my long ropes and tie it to the limb up here and let it each end of it, let it come down here in the middle and and put a board across it here, to sit on, to swing and then sometimes you can put your little cushion in there if you want to. And, and someone will swing you swing you way up high each way thataway and and two can get in that, put a board in there and two can get in there stand up in there one on each side you see and and let their feet rest on that {D: And someone wanna} start them and they can swing each other way up back and forth thataway too. Interviewer: What would you carry coal in? 794: Coal. Well uh You generally carry it in uh in in a bucket, some kind of a bucket or or you can put it in uh, a box if you have a box made you can put it in it. A bucket or box either one. Interviewer: What's the thing that runs from the stove to the chimney? 794: Pipe. Stove to oh, stove to the chimney? Interviewer: Uh-huh. Well what does the pipe fit in? 794: Well uh, that's the flue, that's the flue pipe. It- it- it goes fastens to the stove, goes to the chimney goes on in it you see that's the flue pipe Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: And then uh where you finish it up in top your house in your loft thataway uh you can put a flan up there Interviewer: A what? 794: A flan, what they call a flan. I have one out here in my little camp house but the most people build the flue, with brick. Interviewer: What's a flan? #1 What does it look like? # 794: #2 A flan # Is uh, it's uh it's a thing that you it with a hole in it and it comes out all the way around, something like about like that that you fasten to the top of your house to hold it there and uh this pipe goes up through it the bottom pipe goes up through it and then the top pipe comes down over it to make the smoke go up in it so it won't go out and then you have uh dampers to your stove you see and some people puts uh puts a damper in the pipe {X} the stove joints Interviewer: If you wanted to move bricks or something heavy like that, what could you use to move it in? It's got a little wheel in the front. 794: Well uh you could move it in a wheelbarrow. Interviewer: Is there another name for that? 794: No, wheelbarrow is the only thing for that. or you can move it in a wagon a little wagon Interviewer: Did you ever hear of a Georgia buggy? 794: A what? Interviewer: A Georgia buggy? 794: No I don't believe I have Uh. I believe that that is uh something like at the carry um uh groceries or heavy groceries or feed or some kind of uh a machinery well I mean uh furniture or something out of the stores. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: I think that's what that is. Interviewer: Does it have two wheels, you mean? 794: Yeah have two wheels yeah. Interviewer: And 794: They have two wheels and then they have uh little pieces this way to hold it up you see and then the handles to it. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. Something everybody drives nowadays, you call a? 794: Cars? Interviewer: Any other name for car? 794: Well there's trucks. There's cars and there's trucks. Course I have a truck out here. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: Some people has trucks, some has cars. Interviewer: Inside the tire of the car, you have the inner? 794: Have which? Interviewer: Inside the tire of the car? 794: Inner tube. Interviewer: And if someone had just built a boat and they were gonna put it in the water, they'd say they were going to 794: Chink it. Chink the boat. They used to take cotton and chink the cracks you see so water wouldn't come through there it'd stop the water and then they'd put the the boats in the water and let that timber swell up you see and stop these cracks in it yeah they do that. Course now lots of them makes metal Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: boats. Interviewer: What kinds of boats did people used to have? 794: Wooden boats. Paddle boats. They used it with a paddle. Interviewer: What shape was that? 794: Well, it was uh a kinda uh the bottom part kinda shaped up a little bit at each end and it's wide in the center and uh and it slopes up a little bit in there something like that at each end Interviewer: #1 It points at both ends? # 794: #2 Yeah. # Points at both ends, yep. Interviewer: Say if a child was just learning to dress himself, the mother would bring in the clothes and tell him now here, what your clothes, here 794: If the mother was to bring the clothes in? Interviewer: She'd tell the child now here... 794: To bring the clothes in to dry I believe Interviewer: If she brings, if the child is learning to dress himself, she brings the clothes in and she tells him now here 794: Tell him to go ahead and and dress theirselves. Interviewer: Here what your clothes? 794: Yeah here's your clothes, now you dress yourself. Put your clothes on. Some says put them on, some says dress yourself. Interviewer: If you was taking a child to the dentist and he was scared, the dentist might say, you don't need to be scared, I what gonna hurt you? 794: I'm not gonna hurt you, we won't hurt you. Interviewer: Would you ever use the word ain't? 794: Yeah. Heard the word ain't. Interviewer: #1 How would you use it? # 794: #2 It ain't, it it ain't uh gonna hurt you. # Interviewer: #1 Mmkay. # 794: #2 Ain't a gonna hurt you, yeah. # Interviewer: Um, if I ask you if that was you I saw in town yesterday, you might say no, it, I didn't go to town so it what? 794: No I didn't go to town, so I didn't need to go or something happened you know and I didn't go. Interviewer: Or if I, if I ask you if that was you that I saw in town, you might say no, it 794: Yeah that if you, it wasn't me I'd say no, it wasn't me. Interviewer: And if a woman wants to buy a dress of a certain color, she'd taken along a little square of cloth to use as a 794: Yeah, to get the correct color Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: of the dress. Interviewer: She'd call that a little 794: Uh oh uh Sample. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: A little sample. Interviewer: If she sees a dress she likes a lot, she'd say the dress is very 794: uh uh uh very uh suitable. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: Yes, suitable. Interviewer: Or if she likes the way it looks, she'd say it's very 794: Nice. Interviewer: And, something you could wear over your dress in the kitchen? 794: Apron. Interviewer: And to sign your name in ink you'd use a? 794: uh end of a pencil. or uh pen and ink. Interviewer: And to hold a baby's diaper in place #1 you'd use # 794: #2 safety pin. # Interviewer: And a dime is worth? Talking about money. 794: Oh. A dime is worth in a way you see, it- it's worth more than two nickels is because it's silver. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: And and the nickels are made out of nickel stuff you see, it's not as val- valuable, as uh silver is. Interviewer: Well, you could say a dime is two nickels or it's 794: two nickels or a dime. Interviewer: Or 794: Just one dime. One dime or two nickels. Interviewer: What else is smaller than a dime? 794: Penny. Interviewer: So a dime is worth? 794: Ten pennies. Interviewer: And, what would a man wear to church on Sunday? 794: This which? Interviewer: What would a man wear to church on Sunday? 794: What would he wear to church? Interviewer: Mm-hmm. {NS} 794: Well Of course they go in different so many ways you know dress and all some wear uh shirt and trousers, course they'll all wear their underwear you see. And some wears a kind of a jumper and some wears a coat Interviewer: #1 If he's all dressed up # 794: #2 And some wears a jacket # like and wear a tie Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: But most of them goes without ties now. Go with a top shirt unbuttoned thisaway like that. Interviewer: If, if he was wearing his best clothes he'd say that he was wearing a 794: A suit. Interviewer: And if he'd just bought it it'd be a brand 794: brand new. Brand new. Brand new suit. Interviewer: What were the parts of a three piece suit? 794: Do which? Interviewer: A three piece suit? Well 794: A three piece suit Would that be a coat and trousers and a shirt. Interviewer: Well what's an old fashioned thing people would wear, that didn't have any sleeves they'd wear it over their shirt? 794: A jacket. Interviewer: What did, what did a jacket look like? 794: Well, it's it's about the same as a sweater, what you call as sweater you see or a jacket Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Either one. Interviewer: Is that the same as a vest? 794: Yeah, about the same. Same as a dress? Interviewer: As a vest. 794: No, no that's different from a vest. A vest is is uh a piece that uh course that you button up like you do a uh a dress coat you see Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: You button it up here in front and it's uh and the sleeves no sleeves at all and it and it it come down on the shoulder just about here at the top of your shoulder and a course it's down low here in front Interviewer: And a jacket has sleeves? 794: Well mostly jackets does, some of them has kind of a short sleeves like like some shirts but mostly jackets it it is long sleeve, that is for winter wear you see. Course in the summer wear they scarcely ever did wear a jacket. Interviewer: What's another name for trousers? 794: Pants. Interviewer: What would um, farmers wear that would come up? 794: Suspenders they, some call them gallus Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: Gallus. And but the correct name I think is suspenders. Interviewer: What, what would be made out of denim that would come up in front? That had this? 794: Oh That was overalls, that was uh uh Overalls with a bib to it. They're called a bib. Interviewer: Did you wear those? 794: I used to wear them. Yeah when I uh small boy but I I got to wherein I was working in timber sawing, with a cross cut saw I'm right handed sawing of course you lean over that side and that suspenders keep dropping of and get in the way on my arm and I quit wearing them and went to wearing a belt. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: And uh I wore a belt ever since and ever since I was about oh I guess about fifteen years old something like that Interviewer: If you went outside without your coat and you were getting cold and you wanted it, you'd ask someone would you run inside and 794: Get my coat. Coat or jacket one. Interviewer: And what it to me? 794: Yeah bring it to me, that's right. Interviewer: So you'd say so he went inside and he got it and 794: brought it to me. Interviewer: And you'd say here I have 794: brought you a coat, or your jacket to you. Interviewer: And you'd say that coat won't fit this year, but last year it 794: It had fit me {X} I've outgrowed-ed it Interviewer: Uh-huh. And if you stuff a lot of things in your pockets, it makes them 794: Un-convenient. It it's bundlesome in your pocket. Interviewer: And it makes your pockets do what? 794: Stick out. It makes your pockets stick out. Interviewer: What's another way of saying stick out? 794: Well it'd bulge out, makes your pocket bulge out. Interviewer: And you'd say that shirt used to fit me, but then I washed it and it 794: And it's drawed up. Shrunk up. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: Drawed up or shrunk up either one. Interviewer: And you'd say every shirt I've washed recently has 794: has shrunk up. Interviewer: And I hope this shirt doesn't 794: That's right. Interviewer: Hope it doesn't what? 794: Don't draw up. Interviewer: What? 794: Don't draw up or don't shrink up. Interviewer: And if a woman likes to put on good clothes, you'd say she likes to 794: Dress up. Interviewer: Would you say that about a man? 794: Well Yes, about the same thing I suppose, they wants to dress up you see. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: That's to put on better clothes. Interviewer: What would you say about a woman who stands in front of the mirror and 794: Beautifying herself {NW} uh painting her lips or her cheeks or her um let me see look pretty. or pleasant. Interviewer: Do you ever say doll up or #1 primp? # 794: #2 doll up, yeah. # Doll up or primp up. Interviewer: Would you say that about a man? 794: Well yes. Kinda primp up, not say doll up but primp up mostly for a man. Interviewer: What would you call a man who primps a lot? 794: A jelly bean. Interviewer: What does that mean, to call someone a jelly bean? 794: Well that's uh one it's tries to be up to date so important and all. And looks so nice, so neat and all. That's what you call a jelly bean. Interviewer: Would you be kinda laughing at him when you #1 called him that? # 794: #2 Yeah, yeah kinda laughing at him. # Well now you get to talking you know popping off, bragging, boasting or something like that Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: You're, you're laughing at them then. Interviewer: Something that woman would wear around her neck? 794: Beads. Interviewer: You'd call that a what of beads? 794: Well {X} You call it kind of beads or uh necklace Interviewer: #1 Would you say a pair of beads or a string of beads? # 794: #2 Pair of beads, yeah. # Pair of beads or string of beads either one. Interviewer: Which would you call it? 794: Well I believe I'd call it uh uh a string of beads. Interviewer: What would she wear around her wrist? 794: A wrist watch or a bracelet a bracelet. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: Or a wristwatch. Interviewer: And something you could carry your money in? 794: Purse. Interviewer: And what you'd hold over you when it rains? 794: Parasol. Interviewer: Is there another name for that? 794: Umbrella. Interviewer: #1 Is that the same thing? # 794: #2 Umbrella, yeah same thing yeah. # Interviewer: And the last thing you put on a bed, the fancy cover is called the? 794: The last thing you put on what? Interviewer: On a bed. 794: Bed? Bedspread. Interviewer: What did women used to make, to put on? 794: Quilts. Quilts. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: They make quilts and and uh they make bedspreads, my wife, she's made bedspreads Interviewer: Do you still make them? aux: No, I made a knitted one you know out of knitted wraps Interviewer: uh-huh aux: some {X} and it's all colors they used to call them counterpanes didn't them 794: Yeah you can call them counterpanes. They used to call them all kind and make them buy one and say I want a counterpane to go on it. But now they call them bedspreads, they don't call them counterpanes. aux: No they don't call them counterpanes. Interviewer: At the head of the bed you put your head on a? 794: Pillow. Interviewer: Do you remember anything about twice as long as a pillow? 794: Bolster. Interviewer: How far across did it go? 794: It goes across your bed, all the way across your bed, to the end of the bed. Interviewer: Say if you have a lot of company and you didn't have enough beds for everyone, for the children to sleep on down on the floor you'd make a? 794: Make a pallet on the floor. Took out a quilt Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: Sometime you have a extra bed on the bed you put that down a mattress, something like that. Interviewer: What different kinds of land are there? 794: Plan? Interviewer: Land. 794: Land. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Well There's, there's a san- sandy land there's uh red clay land there's gumbo land there's post oak land and there's prairie land. Interviewer: What's post oak land? 794: Well it it's a kind of a cold natured land and a kind of a stiff kind of a stiff sand. it it's kind of uh a stiff pack sand. Interviewer: What do, what do you mean cold natured? 794: Well that's uh that's uh {X} low land, it's um it's, it's a glade land kind of a glade uh glade land it's it's a hard packed land and it's uh it stays packed, you can plow it up or dist it and it come a raining on it and it's packed back down tight again thataway. And it's a cold natured land it uh you'll have to put a kind of fertilizer on mostly barn yard fertilize for to warm it up for it, for it to make anything or you um put nitrous soda on it, fertilize it and stuff with nitrous sodium and you have to put that kind of a land on a bed you can't put it down low like it's calling a water fir and leave it your land flat your have to take your plows and and bed it up in ridges like Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: To um for it to make Interviewer: What's prairie land like? 794: Well it it's uh it's a dark land it's not plum black but it's dark and uh and it it it's uh when it gets wet it's uh sticky 'til you walk across 'til you get so much mud on your shoes you have to take a paddle and get it off. Interviewer: Is that the same as gumbo there? 794: Yeah, Interviewer: #1 {X} # 794: #2 something like, # something like gumbo, course uh Uh, there's a prairie gumbo and is a hill gumbo. Course now this hill gumbo it's a kind of a red like land but the prairie is is uh is uh what they call a black land {X} it's dark, it's not just black but it- it- it's dark, something like dark as that there grisled post out yonder Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Course now when it gets wet it's darker than it is when it's dry Interviewer: What sort of things would you grow in a prairie? 794: Well you you grow hay, on it and you can grow corn on it Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: But you can't grow cane on it, sugarcane if you do why the the juice is not fit to drink or it's not fit to make syrup out of Interviewer: Why is that? 794: Well it's a different nature land, it is Interviewer: What kind of natured land does sugar 794: Well you you want hill land, loose sandy land Oh uh warm natured land for to raise cane Interviewer: #1 Loose land is warm natured? # 794: #2 Yeah loose land is warm # natured land. And uh what they call a sandy land. Interviewer: Do you ever hear that called loam or loom? 794: Loom. Interviewer: Or loam? 794: I don't believe I ever did. Interviewer: What would you call, you'd say, we don't have to we expect a big crop from this field because the soil is very 794: Rich. #1 Rich. # Interviewer: #2 What's another word for rich? # 794: Strong. Strong land. Interviewer: Anything else? 794: No, strong and rich. And and fertilized, fer- fertile land. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: And that's rich too you see, fertile is. Interviewer: What would you call the land next to a river or a creek, that's kind of low? 794: Well you call it hammock land. In these hills what's level land thataway is is a hammock it's a kind of a sand but it's uh it it's a smaller grain sand than the hill land is Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What about bottom land or low land? 794: Well the bottom land, some of it's hammock land and uh and some of it is uh what you call these here branch bottoms, creek bottom land Interviewer: Is that good? 794: Yeah that's good too. Interviewer: What would you call land that's got water standing on it most of the time? 794: Well {NW} That's a kind of a swamp land Interviewer: MM-hmm. 794: Those things are. Interviewer: Would you still call it a swamp if it was salt water in it? 794: Yeah. Still a swamp. Interviewer: What about a marsh? 794: Which? Interviewer: Marsh. 794: Moist. Well uh {NS} Uh land uh moist land That's like it's after a rain you see, it's got plenty moisture and it wets it and that makes plenty moist in it and you plant anything on moist land thataway after rain it'll come up quicker than when it's dry land Interviewer: Mm-hmm. If you have some swampy land and you wanted to get the water off it? 794: Well you you'd have to ditch it some time to drain it Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Trick ditches and drain it thataway. Interviewer: What would you call something like a ditch that you'd cut that's big enough for a small boat to go through? Would you still call it a ditch? 794: Well I let me see Large enough for a boat to go through, I suppose you'd call it a valley Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Call it a valley. Interviewer: And, if you'd had a heavy rain and maybe down the side of a slope a lot of water had washed some of the dirt away, it would leak under the narrow place? 794: Yeah, leave it narrow, make it deeper Interviewer: What would you call that? 794: Well uh a ditch. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: You call that a ditch. Interviewer: Have you ever seen it when it, a whole lot of land washes away and it gets real deep and narrow? 794: Yeah. Yeah I've seen that. Interviewer: What's that called? 794: Well uh Well that that uh I'd say that ruins the land that's that just the gully washed in it and course that's not good to cultivate then but if it washes and gets large enough and it rains often enough why you can call that that a branch Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Or a creek either one. Or if uh it has springs on it you call it a spring branch. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What would you call something like a gully that's big enough for like one of these large trees to be in? I mean it's that, that deep? 794: Well you call that a gully or a ditch Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Either one. Either way it's about the same. Interviewer: What are the names of some of the creeks and things around here? 794: Well There's one creek between here and Winnfield called Cedar Cedar Creek Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: And then the creek that it runs into is Dugdemona. That's a river. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: And then Dugdemona runs into another river larger than that they call Little River. And then Little River runs into {D:Washtaw} River. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Oh no Little River runs into Red River and Red River runs into Washtaw River. See it just keeps getting larger Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: And lower land it's larger rivers thataway. Interviewer: What's the difference between a creek and a branch? 794: Well a creek is larger than a branch. A branch is something small you see. And and a creek is larger and a river is larger than a creek. Interviewer: Is there anything between the sizes of a creek and a river? 794: Well yes Course there's some creeks that's pretty good size is is large as some rivers, small rivers but most rivers is is larger than at least a third, probably as large again {X} as a creek is. Interviewer: What about the word bye, bayou or bayou? 794: Bayou. Well that's something like a slough Something like a slough. Uh, where water stands in And of course when in that's a kind of bottom land like something like swamp land and if it rains a whole lot well the water at the lower end of little part of this the lower side of it the water will drain out down to the banks. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: and of course when it gets to the bank, why it don't no more drain out but it stays dry a long time it'll kind of dry up in there and keep the water keep from getting lower in it Interviewer: Mm-hmm. But you'd call that a? 794: You, well you could some called it a slew and some called it a bayou. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Which would you call it? 794: Well {X} if it's a extra-large one I'd call it a bayou. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Where it's kinda smaller I'd call it a slough. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. What would you call a small rise in land? 794: Well That is uh a hill land that's something like a mountain. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Call it a mountain. Interviewer: To open the door you take hold of the door? #1 What you # 794: #2 knob. # The door knob. Interviewer: Do you ever use the word knob talking about land? 794: Do which? Interviewer: Use the word knob talking about land? 794: No. Interviewer: What do you call the rocky side of the mountain, that drops off real sharp? 794: The rocky side of it that drops off lower? Well uh Interviewer: Kinda hangs over? 794: Yeah I I suppose you call that the drainage Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: The drainage of it. Interviewer: Well on a mountain the 794: Well that'd be the valley Interviewer: #1 uh-huh # 794: #2 of # the mountain, that'd be the valley over the lower parts you see Interviewer: What do you call the part that hangs over? The, the rocky side that just drops off? 794: And just hangs over? Interviewer: Say someone's cart went over the 794: Well Let me see. Interviewer: Did you ever call that a rock cliffed or a cliff? 794: Yeah, you call that a cliff a rock cliff. Or even if it's uh if it's dirt not rock in it it's still a cliff but uh if it's got rock in it you call it a rock cliff Interviewer: Talking about several of those, you talk about several 794: Several cliffs. Or uh several valleys. Interviewer: Uh-huh. If you had a stream of water that was flowing along and it dropped off and went over down several feet, you'd call that a 794: Well you'd call that uh Let me see, I know what that is let me think of it {D: Oh sure} can't think right now they have one over here between here and and Natchez Interviewer: Would you ever call that a pour over or falls or waterfall? 794: Well you can call it a waterfall if you want to. Or you call it a dam. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: A dam. Now they have a dam over here between here and Clarence between Winnfield and Clarence kinda out right they uh they call that a dam Allen dam. Fellow name of Allen used to go to it and they named it after him, Allen. Allen dam. Interviewer: Um, a place where boats stop and freights unloaded. 794: Well uh That's uh, that's a kind of a ocean like Interviewer: Or on a river maybe. Where the boats can #1 stop # 794: #2 Yeah well at the river that's um # Ah I can't think of that right now but they have one in New Orleans {NS} where they the ships land Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Ship landing. and where they they land there at the ship landing and they unload Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: this you see, they goes furniture or anything that they have in it it's what they call a ship landing. Interviewer: What kinds of roads do they have around here? 794: Well they have gravel roads, they have uh asphalt roads they call them black top some does Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: And they have paved roads. Interviewer: What's a paved road look like? 794: Now that's a kind of a cement, that's made out of cement, that's made out of uh gravel sand lyme and uh let's see something else, lyme and Interviewer: What about black sticky stuff? 794: Well that's uh that's a kind of uh it it's a kind of a oil and uh I know it if I can think of it it's kind of a tar Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Iron. An- and {X} it's kind of a tar like Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Cold tar. Interviewer: What would you call a little road that turns off the main road? 794: Intersection. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: #1 Intersection. # Interviewer: #2 Out in the country. # 794: Well that that's a intersection road of- of a main road you see and then the country road turns off that's an intersection just like this road this here's the intersection here uh at each end up here in the paved road one six seven uh this black top road down here uh {B} that's the number of it. but that, that's intersection. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. A road that leads up to a person's house is called a? 794: Sediment road. Interviewer: What about a a road that goes out um between two pastures, it's got a fence on both sides? 794: A lane. Interviewer: Does a lane have to have a fence or trees on both sides? 794: Yeah it has to a- a lane has to have a fence Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: on both sides trees wouldn't make a lane you see. You have to have a fence on each side to where stock or anything can't go through it Interviewer: How big is a lane, how wide? 794: Well, it's supposed to be uh something like uh forty foot wide the lane does. The rightaway. Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Uh, of course if it didn't a lane now some of them they make them they make them thirty foot but they're supposed to be forty foot a lane is now rightaway like this out here is supposed to be thirty foot. Thirty foot now of course the main road you see {X} is something like forty foot. The like these paved roads go to Alexander to Winnfield, Shreveport, Monroe and Ruston and all like that. This supposed to be about forty foot. Now where they uh I have a four lane road course that has to be uh that has to be something like fifty between fifty and sixty foot rightaway. Interviewer: A road in town is called a 794: Street. Interviewer: What do you call the thing along the edge of the street for people to walk on? 794: Sidewalks. Interviewer: And there's a strip of grass between the sidewalk and the street? 794: Well uh no it's supposed to be not if it's concrete streets now the way it used to be if it is gravel there were a strip of grass between there you see but since they concrete it they they have it concreted all the way from the side walk to the main road and all. Interviewer: What did you call that strip of grass that they used to have? 794: Between the the uh Interviewer: #1 the sidewalk and the street # 794: #2 sidewalk # Well I don't believe that I remember what they call that uh between the sidewalk and the main uh there's a kind of a pass too Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Kind of a pathway like. Interviewer: And up in the mountains Where the road goes across in a low place, you'd call that a? 794: You'd call that a valley. Interviewer: Or if it's higher than a valley, it's just a low place between the mountains? Would you ever call that a gap or a pass or a notch? 794: Well I really don't know, I don't believe, what they call that for I never was in that place where they had those. I really don't know I don't believe what they call that Interviewer: Say if you were walking along the side of the road and an animal jumped out and scared you, you'd say I picked up a? 794: Rock or stick. Interviewer: And did what? 794: Threw at it. Interviewer: Anything else you'd say besides threw at him? 794: Uh struck at him strike at him. Interviewer: Uh-huh. What about chumped or pitched? 794: Well you can take a uh a chunk and throw it at him Interviewer: What's a chunk? 794: Well that's a piece of wood Interviewer: Mm-hmm. 794: Club of wood. Small club. Interviewer: And if you went to someone's house and knocked on the door and nobody answered, you'd say well I guess he's not 794: Not here. Interviewer: #1 Or I guess # 794: #2 Not not at home or # not here one. Interviewer: And if someone had come here to see your wife and you met them out in the yard you might say she's what the kitchen? 794: She's in the kitchen or in the bedroom or Interviewer: Mm-kay. 794: side room or bathroom or something thataway. Interviewer: And if someone's walking in your direction you say he's coming straight 794: towards me. Interviewer: And if you went into town and you happened to see someone that you hadn't counted on seeing you'd say this morning I just happened to 794: see someone that I hadn't saw in a good while. Interviewer: Or happened to run 794: Happened to run into someone that I hadn't saw in a good while. Interviewer: And if a child is given the same name that her mother has, you'd say they named the child 794: After it's mother. Interviewer: And something that that people drink for breakfast? 794: Coffee. Interviewer: If you wanted some coffee and there wasn't any ready, you'd say I guess I have to go 794: To the store. Interviewer: And then have to come home and 794: have to come home and make the coffee. Interviewer: And talking about putting milk in your coffee, you'd say some people like it 794: Cream in your coffee. Interviewer: Or talking about milk, you'd say 794: Milk Interviewer: Some people drink their coffee 794: with milk. Interviewer: And other people drink it 794: with cream, and some drinks it black. Interviewer: You say black coffee isn't coffee with milk, it's coffee 794: Pure coffee. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: Pure coffee. Interviewer: Any other name for black coffee? 794: Black coffee and pure coffee. I believe is the only two uh names correct names for what it's supposed to be for it. Only ones I ever did hear, are black coffee and pure coffee. Interviewer: Did you ever hear of people say drinking coffee bare footed? 794: {X} which? Interviewer: Drinking coffee bare footed? 794: Bare footed? Interviewer: To mean black coffee? 794: Oh yeah, black coffee, yeah. Drink it bla- uh bare footed, that's black coffee too. Interviewer: And you'd tell a child, you can eat what's put before you or you can do 794: Without. Interviewer: And talking about distance, you'd say I don't know just exactly how far away it is but it's just a 794: Pretty good distance Interviewer: Or it's just a little 794: Or just a small distance little distance either one Interviewer: and if you'd been traveling and still had about two hundred miles to go, you'd say you still had a 794: Uh, a pretty good distance to go. Interviewer: Mm-kay. Did you ever call that a fur piece or a long 794: Far piece, yeah, far piece to go. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: Yeah. Some called it a fur, but the correct name is far. But fur you see that that's a a fur like you build coats out of things like that off of animals, sheeps, and things like that That that's a fur. Interviewer: And if something was very common and you didn't have to look for it in a special place, you'd tell someone oh you can find that just about 794: Most anywhere. Interviewer: And if someone slipped and fell this way, you fell over 794: Backwards. Interviewer: And this way? 794: Forwards. Interviewer: And say if you'd been fishing and I ask you did you catch anything, you might say no, what a one? 794: See I didn't understand that. Interviewer: If I ask you did you catch any fish, you might say no, 794: No I wouldn't care for any. Interviewer: Or I ask you if you caught any. 794: No I didn't catch any, didn't catch very many. Interviewer: Did you ever say I didn't catch nary a one? 794: Yeah yes, many or Interviewer: What about nary a one? For not a one. 794: Another one, didn't catch another one. Interviewer: Uh-huh. 794: Didn't catch another one or not many or.