Interview:19 July, 2002 Initial Transcript: 16 August 2002 Sadlers Village, St. Kitts Lee Pederson: (P: prompter) Josephine XXX (R: primary respondent) Carlton XXX, driver (S: secondary respondent) G(A): Grunt, affirmation G(N): Grunt, negation G(Q): Grunt, question, (Is that right?(; (You don(t say( G(V) Grunt, seeking verification. (Say what?( U(C): Utterance, cough U(F): Utterance, false start U(H): Utterance, hesitation U(I): Utterance, interruption U(L): Utterance, laughter U(M) Utterance muffled, inaudible. U(S) Utterance of surprise R: My name is Josephine XXX, living at Sadlers Village. P: OK. How do you spell XXX? R: XXX. P: OK. You lived here all your life? Were you were born here? R: I did [=was] born in St. Kitts. P: When were you born? R: Forty, the second of the first. P: G(A). In what year? R: Forty. P: Nineteen forty. R: Yeah. P: Nineteen forty, OK. And what kind of work do you do? R: Well, I used to work in the field at first. P: G(A). R: And after I leave the field, I went in a hotel. I work there for six years. P: G(A). 008 R: And from that I came home P: G(A). R: I doing a little business there. P: I see. OK. What kind of work is that? What kind of work did you do in the fields? R: Well, we used to plant food and then we weed with hoe. P: G(A) R: Weed the grass with hoe. P: G(A). R: And we drop soda fertilizer for the cane. P: G(A). R: And that is about it. P: OK. How do you do that? R: Say how you? P: Dropping the soda. R: The soda? P: Yeah. R: You get a kit like that. P: G(A). R: You full it up and you hold it in your hand like this. P: G(A). 018 R: And you (swinging motion). P: I see. R: One of them drop in. P: I see. R: You see, you drop it to the cane. P: G(A). R: Root. P: I see. R: Yeah. P: U(G). And so how many years you that. R: Well, I do that for about twenty years. P: G(A). R: I do that for about twenty years. P: G(A). R: And leave there and went in the hotel and I work there for six years. P: I see. Are you married? R: No. P: I see. 7 R: I(m a single person. P: I see. Do you have any children? R: Eight children. P: Is that right. Well, tell me about your children. R: Oh, well, they are big children. They(re grown children. P: G(A). R: I have three of them that(s doing a trade. P: G(A). R: Build houses. P: G(A). R: And the one work as a security guard for the government. P: G(A). R: Two have shop P: G(A). R: And one down here, P: G(A). R He aint have no job. P: G(A). R: He just sell a little jelly. P: G(A). R: Another one, he home with me. He used to work at the sugar factory. P: G(A). R: He stop. P: G(A). R: I have a deaf one. P: G(A). R: She work in town on the road. P: I see. R: And that is about it. P: Oh, I see; well, that(s very interesting. Can you tell me about your parents? R: Well, my parents, my father, his name is Samuel XXX. P: G(A). R: My mother die. P: G(A). R: She was Eliza XXX. P: G(A). R: And she die a couple of years back. P: I see. R: My father is alive. P: G(A). R: That(s about [all]. P: What kind of work did he do. R: My father, he doesn(t work anymore. P: Sure. R: He is a old man; he(s about eighty. P: G(A). R: But he(s worked before. He used to work on the locomotive on the engine. P: G(A). U(F). R: Used to drive the locomotive for the cane. P: For the cane. R: G(A). P:What estate is that? R: That is the factory, the sugar factory he used to work for. P: What is the estate around here, though? The estate. R: The estate, Lynch(s, Lavintine. P: Sadlers isn(t an estate? R: Sadlers estate. That is all over with now. P: But there was a Sadlers estate. R: Yeah, there was one. P: I see. I see. Did your mother work? R: Yes, my mother used to work in the field before she die. P: G(A). R: I mean she reach a certain age, she start work on her own. P: G(A). R: Yeah. P: I see. What kind of work did she do on the estate? R: She used to do the same thing like me, dropping soda, weeding cane, and so on. P: G(A). Tell me about your schooling. Where did you go to school? R: I go to school at Parson Maraven School. P: G(A). R: I don(t know if you know where. Parsons back down there the next village down there. P: G(A). R: Anyway they used to call that Bethel School. P: Bethel School. G(A) R: Bethel School is where I go to school. P: I see. And what town is that in? R: Parsons Village P: Parsons Village, I see. OK. R: G(A). P: How long did you go there? R: Well, I go until my time was up, stop from school, about sixteen. P: About sixteen, I see. OK. R: I didn(t go to another school. P: OK. What about your friends. Your friends, right now, what do they do? Most of your friends. R: Well, they work in the factory. P: G(A). R: They have to build parts for radio and television.. P: G(A). R: Some of them work real close U(M) does, some work security guard for the government. P: G(A). R: And what not and what not. P: I see. All kinds of things. U(F) Do you do anything with these people? Any kind of parties or anything like that? R: Well, these people they are very poor. P: G(A). R: They just working to go to the shop. P: G(A). I understand. Sure. R: From the estate to the shop. P: G(A). R: We(re very poor. We can(t afford a party. P: G(A). Well, don(t mean a party, like a picnic.or something like that. Any kind of get-together. R: Well, sometimes they do. But I ain(t in that now. P: G(A). R: I don(t go them places now. P: Sure, I understand. R: I don(t go. P: I understand. R: So. P: I see. Do you still see a lot of the people you went to school with? R: Yes. Some die. Some gone away. P: G(A). R G(A). P: OK. Have you been off of St. Kitts, ever. R: One time, in St; Maartian. R: OK. When was that? R: And that was it, U(F) Nineteen-Ninety. P: Nineteen-Ninety. R: To go shopping. P: Just went shopping over there, G(V)? R: Shopping. P: Did you like that? R: Oh, yeah. P: Tell me about it. 088 R: Very much. I love it. I love the place. I wish I could go back another time. P: G(A). R: But my daughter, who I went with, she get sick. P: G(A). R: She get very sick. P: G(A). R: I don(t like to travel with the others, so far. I seen. P: G(A). R: So I working on her very hard. I tell her, well, we have to make it this year and again, God(s willing. P: G(A). OK. R: (Be)cause I love down there. P: Sure. R: I spend, in a guest house down there, I spend, three days down there.. P: G(A). R: And it was fun. P: That(s great. That(s just great. Do a lot of shopping? R: Yeah. P: G(A). R: Lot of shopping, I spent up my money, man. P: U(L). R: U(L). I love it. P: Ok. Well, what(s great. What did you like? Tell me about. Tell me what you liked. R: I like the whole place. P: G(A). R: I like the fountain that they have there. P: G(A). R: I like the place that I stay. P: G(A). R: I like the people that sold me in the super market when I go to them. P: G(A). R: I love the whole place. P: G(A). R: I love all it. P: G(A). R: I love it. P: Well, that(s great. R: I love it. I looking forward where I live to go back there. P: Same place. R: Same place. P: G(A). R: I love them. P: That(s good. Tell me about your church. What church do you go to. R: Well, I go to a little church up there they call The Church of God of Prophesy. P: G(A). R: Up the road, up the road up there. P: OK. R: Church of God of Prophesy. P: G(A). Can you tell me a little about that. Tell me about your church? R: It(s nice. From small, I go there. And then with my mother, I used to go when my mother was alive. And after, she ain(t had it so much. P: Sure. R: And getting that was small and getting big, I had my own way. P: G(A). R: But I still go back there every U(I).. P: Yeah. R: Every now and again, I go pass back there. My children attend the same church. P: G(A). Yeah. R: It(s a Christian church. P: Yeah. R: So that is a size I don(t go. Over the other over Bellvue, Anglican church I don(t go. But I baptized there, but I just. P: This closer? This one(s closer? R: Apart from closer, I like a Christian church. P: Oh, I see. That(s a Christian church. What is that church? R: Church of God of Prophesy. P: Oh, I see. That(s the one you like. R: Yeah. P: But how about the other one, the one where you were baptized?. That wasn(t a Christian church? R: No. P: No. R: U(F) That was only a Sunday church. P: G(A). R: That was a Sunday church, Sunday church. P: G(A). R: This one, it(s an everyday church (note /aivri.de>) P: G(A). R: Every night church. P: G(A). R: Sunday come right down. P: G(A). R: So I go up there, get in touch with the Master, you know. P: Sure. R: And I feel. P: That(s wonderful. R: With him. P: OK. How often do you go to church? R: Well, I couldn(t tell the last day I go P: G(A). R: Because I took sick. P: G(A). R: And then come back, I just didn(t worry again. But I make sure the children and them go. P: G(A). U(F) Do you go to church every week? R: No, no, no, no, no, no, no. I don(t go every week. P: What kind. What kind of services do they have during the week? R: Every night? P: Yeah. R: Yes, spiritual service, they keep church. You testify. P: G(A). R: You tell them what you feel. P: Yeah. R: How you feel and whatnot. P: Everybody who goes just about testifies? R: Well, everybody who goes, it(s not a Christian. P: G(A). R: Some is just a follow-up. P: G(A). R: So you go and you sit down, you enjoy it and you come home. P: I see. R: But that draw you closer to God. P: G(A). R: You know what I mean? P: Yeah. R: Well, you open up your heart, it draw you, and you believe. P: G(A). R: It draw you closer. P: I see. R: And that(s the rest of it. P: That(s nice. R: Yeah. P: Do you remember the kinds of games you played as a child? R: I play, the game that I played was, you know, U(F) children small days used to play a lot of game. P: G(A). R: We play [ed] knock ball. P: G(A). R: Anyway, at small days, we play knock ball. In the road, tennis and what not. P: G(A). Tell me about knock ball. How did you play that? R: Now once upon time, now, we used to have fielders; people here field in here, field in here, field in there. P: G(A). R: And somebody out there throwing the ball to you, and you used to take your hand and you knock it and you run. P: I see. R: U(L) Understand? P: U(G). R: You knock it and you run. P: I see. R: And then if they catch you before you reach back where you leave from. P: G(A). R: You(re out. P: I see. R: You understand? P: G(A). And if you(re out, are you out of the game? R: You(re out of the game until another game begin[s] again. P: OK. I see. Did you ever call that anything else? R: G(V). P: Besides knock ball? R: And then we used to, now if children are small, we used to go around, when the moonlight. P: G(A). R: We used to go play, we used to say (Whoop( P: G(A). R: We used to say (Whoop.( P: G(A). R: We catch one another. P: G(A). R: We go and hide, and then somebody (?) go run and catch us.. P: I see. R: And they catch us, the same thing, we [are/were] out too. P: I see. R: We [are/were] out the game U(L). P: I see. R: It used to be fun, small days P: G(A). R: It used to be better fun, small days, than now. P: G(A). R: Everybody get[s] so violence [violent] now. P: G(A) R: That you don(t know who to play with now. P: Tell me about that. R: Violence, people, everybody want[s] to bang somebody, everybody want[s] to kill somebody. P: G(A). R: Gun is so flourishing. P: G(A). R: You just have to take it easy and stay home where you live. P: G(A). U(L). R: U(L). Yeah, because the place is getting more. P: G(A). R: The place is getting so violence now you can(t, old time you could have go[ne] up and down to the mountain. Now [if] you [are] going up the mountain path, you [are] scared. P: G(A). Really. R: You keep looking over your shoulder. P: Yeah. Right U(L). R: [to] See if anybody come. Sometime they don(t even want to kill you, man, they want to rape you. P: Is that right? R: And then look for them to all over U(M) P: G(A). R: Look for somebody to rape me. P: G(A). You never know. U(L). R: U(L). Wouldn(t like that. P: U(L) Be careful. R: Yeah. P: OK. U(F). Did you ever call that ball game anything else. 181 R: Knock on ball, used to say. P: Never called it rounders? R: Well, it could be that. P: What(s that? R: Rounders. P: You heard that too. R: U(L). Yeah, rounders. P: Yes. R: Yes, I heard you say it, and it(s so. P: It(s the same game R: It(s the same game, but I just U(M) [someone approaches on the street, apologizing] P: That(s OK, that(s great. Did you ever play any games with a rope?. R: Like pull? P: Jump rope. R: Yeah, skip. P: Skip rope. R: Somebody turn[s] the rope P: G(A). R: And you jump in and you skip. P: G(A). R: You jump up and down. P: Do you remember any of the things you used to say when you jumped rope? R: Bum-a-shade, hallelujah, blam-a-shull-a-lee-la U(M), something so. Sing a farm of women, you guy U(M) P: That(s good. Can you think of any others? That(s great. R: No. P: No, that(s good. How about any with a top? Did you ever spin a top. R: G(A) Put a rope on it, a piece of cord on it , and you. P: G(A) Spin it. R: you spin and you take it up. P: G(A). R: That(s it. P: G(A). R: Yeah. P: OK. Now I want to ask you if you remember when you were young, did you ever hear any jumby stories. R: Yeah, jumby, yeah. P: Tell me about the jumby. R: I never see any, but people used to say they see jumby. P: G(A). R: And then we used to [be] scared. P: G(A). R: When people dead P: G(A). R: We gone[=go and say],  (ooh( because we [were] (a)fraid [to] say jumby. P: G(A). . R: My grandmother used to tell me; she see [would] spirit[s]. P: G(A). R: And I [was] praying to see the spirit[s] because I can(t [couldn(t] see them. P: Yeah. R: And I could not. P: G(A). Sure R: Yeah. But me[=I] aint [=don(t] now. P: G(A). R: I get[=got] big and me[=I] aint[=don(t] see no [=any]spirit or hear nobody [=anybody]talking about no[any] spirit [s] now P: G(A). R I watch in the mountain there. P: G(A). R: I don(t hear them [=those] story [=stories] now. P: G(A). R: No. P: G(A). Did you ever hear of a jumby crab? R: No. P: A jumby crab, a black crab? R: Black crab, a jumby crab. R: Never heard that. R: Something, so. P: How about a jumby fire? R: I heard that. P: Tell me about it. R: It already happened some[where] about in Cayon. P: G(A). R: Some man or the other take[=took] something from somebody overseas P: G(A). R: And everything that he buy[=bought] out of[=with] the money. . P: G(A) R: I didn(t see it for myself. P: Yeah. R: Everything burn[ed] up. P: Everything that he bought with that money that he stole R: Get[Got] burn[ed] up. P: I see. R: Yes. I know the man. P: G(A). R: But I never see[saw] the fire. P: G(A). Did you ever hear of other things kind of like a jumby? Any other sort of spirits that you(ve heard about? R: No. No. P: How about when you were small, in fact maybe you did it with your own children. Did you ever use any kinds of U(H). R: Spritual liquid? Anything to keep spirit from them? P: Yeah, yeah. R: Yes, the asphesdis [asafetida]  , the asphesdis from the shop. P: G(A) R: A kind of a U(F) a piece of thin [deleted noun], like a gum. P: G(A). R: And you will put that on under here. P: G(A). R: They say to keep a way [the.] spirit. R: Is that right. R: Yeah, they stick it on under here to keep away [the] spirit. P: G(A). R: And that would stay on. P: I see. R: But it used to smell funny. P: G(A). What(s that called? R: Asphesdis, [asafetida] I think they say is the name. P: Asphedis. OK. R: G(A). P: Did you every go out and get, like, get different kinds of herbs and grind them up and make tea? R: No, I never grind them up. I never get the herbs. I get [a] bush [the bushes]. P: G(A). R: They call it tea bush. P: OK. R: And put it in the tea. P: G(A). R: [speaking to customer at pool hall: fifty cent.] I get the bush and we try it in the tea. And it boil [s] up. P: G(A). R: And then we drink it, but grind them up, no. P: I see. R: Never grind them up. P: I see. Any different kinds of tea? R: Yeah. I had some that couldn(t make try in meal. P: G(A). R: And they have some that try in water and drink. P: Yeah. I see. Any kind that were good for fever? R: They call demora tamarin. P: G(A). R: And some they call Made Apple. [=May Apple] P: G(A). R: Until last week, I boil some because I had a fever, boil me and I drink it. P: How about lemon something? Any lemon bush? R: Lemon grass. P: Lemon grass. R: Yes. That good for, they say, the cold. P: Cold, G(V)? R: Times when I have the flu, and I come down with a virus.. P: G(A). R:I use. P: That works. R: Yeah. P: How do you do it? Tell me about that, how you prepare it. R: I throw it in a pot with, I throw the lemon bush. P: G(A). R: Then made la pue, the demora tamarin, and clean. P: G(A). R: Wash them all. P: G(A). R: Put them in a pot. P: G(A). R: Get some water. P: G(A). R: Put them on the stove. P: G(A)l. R: They boil. P: G(A). R: Let them cool. P: G(A). R: Let the water cool. P: G(A). R: And I use that, so. P: I see. So you prepare the whole thing together. 260 R: Yes, tea. And them together. P: You don(t add that later. Was there ever anyone in the village who helped people when they were sick. R: My grandmother before she die[d], I know she used to do that. P: G(A). R: She used to help people if they [were] sick they call her. P: G(A). R: She [would] go give them a bath. P: G(A). R: With [a] different bush. P: Yeah. R: Some of the bush I don(t know. P: G(A). R: She give them a bath with different bush. P: G(A). R: Boil them. P: G(A). R: And then give them a bath. P: G(A). R: And then give them some to drink. P: G(A). R: And they would feel better, and then she used to, if they had a lump hurting on their foot P: G(A). R: And so on. We had something, I don(t know if you know anything name leech. P: G(A). Yeah, I know leeches. Yeah. R: And she used to get out one and put it on them. P: G(A). R: But I fraid of them, Oh, God. P: U(L). R: Fraid of them, she put on them steady and they suck,suck. P: Suck the blood out. R: Out of them P: Suck the poison out too. R: Yes. P: Did it work? Worked pretty well. R: Yes, yes, they work, G(A), they work. P: G(A). R: And come here to doing them, U(M) P: G(A). R: My grandmother. P: How about people who help when a baby was born. R: She used to have that too. P: What was she called? R: She used to cut the cord, my grandmother.. P: What did they call her? R: She wasn(t a midwife, P: No. R: But she just could have do it P: OK. What(s the difference between her and a midwife? R: I don(t know U(L). P: U(L). R: Because the difference is that maybe the midwife went to train. P: Oh, I see, went to school. R: And she never go nowhere. P: Went to school. R: She never go nowhere to do it P: G(A). R: But she just, you know, some people P: G(A). R: So if I not, I remember small, when people have babies and things. P: G(A). R: Have babies and thing, they would call her. P: G(A). R: The midwife would send them here to call her or give them the bag with the scissors and what not. P: G(A). R: You know you got then, they carry it and bring it on a sheet. P: G(A) R: And she would go and the deliver baby P: I see. R: My grandmother used to do that. P: Did she do that for a long time? R: She do that for a long time. P: G(A). R: For a long, long time she did it for, and then after a while she eyes get bad. P: Yeah. R: And she had to stop even. P: G(A). Did she ever help deliver any of your babies? R: No, wasn(t in. P: She wasn(t in. R: Them times, she die before. P: Oh, I see. I see. R: U(M) P: Can you tell me about some of the holidays you have in St. Kitts? What they are like and how you celebrate them. R: Well, the holidays what we have in St. Kitts is Easter. We go over there [=]at the Black Rock. P: G(A). R: And the labor Government will over there with a crowd of people. P: G(A). R: And you go over, and you dance, and you take things over to sell. P: G(A). R: And we listen to the Prime Minister speech. P: G(A). R: And we have fun. P: Now on that field there where the rock is. You drive around. R: G(A) P: We were just over there. I took some pictures there. R: Over there with Dug Bay. P: Yeah. R: And then on Whitensun, Whit, they don(t come this side, but they go up in town. P: G(A). R: Up in town. And you will go up in town too, if you want to. P: G(A). R: If you don(t labor Monday and Sun, you go, you march in town. P: G(A). R: Then you go up on the field and you finish. We have a speech. The music here. P: G(A). R: You dance. P: Yeah. R: You have fun. P: G(A). I see. R: You have fun over there. P: OK. R: Well, this is the last one now. August. P: G(A). R: Well, August, I celebrate with the kids them at home here. P: G(A). R: They noisy and they stay in the place. P: U(L). R: They come and they play pool. P: G(A). R: They would buy the drink. P: G(A). R: And what not and I feel good with them. P: Sure, that(s nice. That(s nice. R: Feel good with them. P: G(A). R: I don(t leave the village on August. P: I see. August Monday? R: No, I don(t leave the village. P: You mean August Monday, that celebration? R: Yes P: Of independence day, right? R: Yeah, August Monday, I don(t go. P: Emancipation. R: G(A) P: Emancipation, isn(t it? That(s what it is, Emancipation Day. R: G(A). P: Is that your pool table? Those are your pool tables? R: Yeah. P: Do you charge them to play? R: They put the money. You cannot play without you put the money there. P: OK. R: You have to put fifty cent in there. And you punch it. P: OK. R: And the ball come down. P: OK. And how long do they play for that? They play one game for that? R: They play one game for fifty cent. P: I see. R: And then if they wanted to play again, they play another. P: I see. That(s nice. That(s nice. R: Yeah. P: You make a nice little living off that. Does that help a little bit? R: Well, at time, I(m telling you the truth, at time, it was hot. P: U(L). Yeah. R: It was hot. What the people them very rude. P: G(A). R: They cuss bad word. The drugs, they come in there, the policeman have to involve them. P: Oh, really. Would come in here and play pool, you mean? R: Yes, and they come in and play pool, and they walk in with the drugs. P: Oh, yeah, and get drunk and stuff [mishearing (jugs(]. R: Drugs P: Drugs. Oh, drugs (G(V), ganja?. R: Yeah. P: Do you call it ganja? R: U(L). And you know the policeman, if I use, no, not me. P: No, I didn(t say you use it; do you call it that? R: Yes, ganja, you would call it ganja. Yeah, yeah, yeah. P: U(L). OK. That(s what I mean. R: U(L). Ganja, we call it. P: U(L) I wasn(t asking if you used it. R: U(L). P: I see. R: So I have a kid who use it, two of them. P: G(A). R: Who use it. P: G(A). R: But what I do with it. P: G(A). R: I take it one time. P: G(A). R: Oh, feeling sick, and G(A). R: One me boy tell me that Ma, I feel like if you buy some of this U(F) you feel good... P: G(A). R: And I boil it and it was good. P: It helped. It worked, G(V)? R: I didn(t know. People say it helped. P: Well, you know they use that, you know, people who have chemotherapy for cancer, you know. R: U:M [Indeed?] P: No, and they give it to them, and they don(t get so sick afterwards., you know. R: Oh. P: That chemotherapy makes you sick. R: G(A). P: U(F) For cancer, you know. R: Yeah, you use it. P: After the treatment, they give them some marijuana, and it U(I). R: It help. P: Yeah, they don(t get quite so sick, settles their stomach, I think. R: Settle down, oh, good. So if you want one thing then? P: Yeah. It has some good value then. R: (It)(S good. P: Yeah. R: U(F) How many people them doing it so the government then have to involve. P: Yeah. U(F). Tell me about the pool hall. Do you open it? Do you call it a pool hall? What do you call it? R: Pool room. R: Pool room, that(s right. R: G(A). P: What time do you open the poolroom? R: At seven at morning, six and so. P: G(A). R: Because when I open, I open the little business there too. P: I see. I see. R: You see? P: And then you have a shop there too where you sells Cokes and things?. R: Yeah, sell drinks and so on. P: G(A). OK, and the how late do you, what time do you close? R: Sometime at eleven o(clock. Now this is weekend. P: G(A). R: I would here tonight until around twelve. P: Is that right. R: Yeah. P: U(L) Is that when you have troubles with people? R: No. That(s the time I get sleepy. I turn up and I go home. P: G(A). I see. Do you live far from here? R: Right here. P: You live here. R: These are my properties. P: Oh, I see. R: G(A). P: I see. That(s nice. R: Right here. P: That(s nice. Now I want to ask you, do you remember the carnival in St. Kitts, they used to call it sports. R: G(A). P: Sports. R: The carnival. The carnival in St. Kitts at year end. P: G(A). R In December. P: Yeah. R: Sometime that does be very nice. P: U(G). R: And it keep Christmas alive. P: G(A). R: Without that and the sports, they don(t bring the sports now. P: G(A). R: And in during the season, that be so dead. P: G(A). R: And then sometime I look on television and I see they have all kind of fun in America. Those people going around singing the carols and songs. P: Yeah, yeah. R: And keep Christmas alive. P: Yeah. R: But here the people done put up so much a pride that hey won(t go round no more and sing. P: G (A) R: So Christmas does be dead until the carnival come round. P: Yeah, the carnival(s nice though, the carnival is. R: G(A). Very nice. P: G(A). Do you remember when they used to have the sports, and they(d go around to the different villages. R: G(A). And played, that time, Christmas alive. P: Yeah, right. R: That be the one that keep Christmas alive. P: Can you tell me about some of those? R: The masquerade and R: The mummies. R: Mummies and they call them maka-jumby. They mind the stick, the high stick. P: Yeah U(L), maka-jumby. R: Used to like to see them. P: U)L). R: And they used to have one they call it nigger-business. P: G(A). What was that? R: They call that nigger business, that(s these school children P: G(A). R: That wander in with a load of pretty clothes and have a lot of thing that a-jingle, a-jingle. P: G(A). R: Yeah, I love them here too. P: Now wait. They dress up with clothing that had like bangles R: Yeah the wore and a lots of ribbons from the U(I). P: And they jingled R: But them, they won(t do them thing now. No. P: G(A). R: Like clown and thing that what used to got the stone on the stomach.. P: G(A). R: And take the sledge and bust it on the stomach. P: G(A). R: They don(t do them thing here now, but them we used to love see. P: G(A). What(s the carnival like now? R: Carnival at Christmas? P: Yeah. R: Well, it aint so nice like before. P: G(A). R: Like I tell you, the young people they got more pride [G(M)anymore? and war? ]. P: Yeah. Did you ever join in and do any of that stuff? R: No, no, no, no. P: You never did. You never did when you were small. R: No. When I was small, it was not carnival; it was sport. P: Did you ever do that? R: I never, but it was sport, so when it come around December. P: Yeah. R: All sport was played through the village. P: That(s what I wanted to know. R: In the year. P: Yeah. R: All the sports did, the mummies, the macajumbies, the school children P: G(A). R: And the day,. all of them meet. P: G(A). R: All of them meet in town. P:I see. R: New Year(s Day.. P: G(A). OK. R: So you leave [=the] country and you go in[to] town. P: G(A). R: What a fun you have, you know.. P: I see. R: They play on the street, alley And everybody, who could afford used to leave country and go to town. P: G(A). R: To see the sport, even though. P: G(A). R: It was through the island P: G(A) R: During the season. P: G(A). R: When this January come in. P Yeah. R: Everybody [who] live[d] in [the] country, go[es] into town P: Yes. R: Just to see every one [of the sports] the sport that they [had] done see[n] already. P: Oh, I see. R: And it used to be fun. P: That(s great; could you tell me about one of them. Describe one of the sports for me. R: One of the sports? P: Yeah, any one of them. R: Let(s talk about the makojumby what is up on the stick. P: OK. R: I like see them knock the stick together, (Ka( P: G(A). R: On the dance. I like see them up there, up high. P: G(A). R: And I have to look up, watching, you know? P: G(A). R: The clown, the thing them, what [do] they call them? The actor? Actor, yes. P: G(A). R: Then we put the stone on the stomach. P: G(A). R: That one [makes] me [my] blood cold. P: Really. R: They come back and mashed him up. P: Really. R: Yeah, and they say something they had to put in the mouth. P: GA). R: And put a stone in the stomach. And then they get the sledge and they pung it. I don(t like to see that. P: U(S). R: They done have to pung the stone until piece [of] the stone come out [breaks]. P: I see. R: Did you ever see that? P: No! The guy with the stone is lying down? R: Laying [lying] down. P: Yeah. R: And they put a piece of rounded cloth here, P: Yeah. R: And they put the stone here, and the next man over hit with a sledge.. P: G(A). R: And he [would be] punging it until it burst. P: Wow. R: That was the one [that made] me[my] blood cold. P: U(L). I(ll bet. R: It comes like [it appears as if] he [were] going to kill him. P: G(A). R: But they say they used to put something in the mouth. P: G(A). R: And that used to happen. P: G(A). R: U(F) Some kind of stone or the other. P: G(A). R: And then they wouldn(t feel it. P: Oh, I see. Did you work in the sugar, in the cane? R: G(A). P: Would you tell me about that, about the kind of work you did. R: I shuck it; I shuck them. P: OK. R: I prepare[d] them for the tractor. With a machete.. P: G(A). OK, where was this? R: Over Belle Vue. P: Belle Vue. Belle Vue estate? R: G(A). And Estranger, where the monkey be.. P: Yeah, OK. R: Over there P: G(A). R: Then I used to cut them hard, you know. P: G(A). Yeah. R: We used to cut, we [would] get the machete, we [would] get the gloves P: G(A). R: And we [would] go and we [would]take two of. P: G(A). R: And you chop them. P: G(A). R: You chop them at the root. P: G(A). R: You chop off the stalk, leave, you drop them in a paste box. P: G(A). R: And you gone. P: I see. R: And you do that until you reach to the end of row. P: G(A). But you didn(t load it though. R: I did not load it No. P: But you also fertilized it, didn(t you.. R: I fertilized it, and I cut it. P: G(A). Can you tell me about the trash that comes from the cane? R: From the cane? P: Yeah. R: Well, the trash that come from the cane, you have to clean when you about you put the cane down. P: Yeah. R: You have to remove the trash. P: Right. R: And put the cane on the clear spot. P: G(A). R: And then when the tractor take[s] out all those [of that] cane. P: Yeah. R: They get people. P: Yeah R: Go back and cover up the bank with the trash. P: Did they burn? R:The same trash that you move [d]. P: G(A) What do they do with it then? R: G(V)? P: Did they burn it or R: No, no, no. They [would] leave it in the field. P: Leave it in the field, then. R: The same trash that we leave here. P: G(A). R: When it [became] rotten, it help[s] make manure for the cane. P: Oh, right, right. I see. It makes fertilizer. R: You see, it stay[s] there and [is] rotting, it [s] call[ed] manure. P: Good fertilizer, I see. R: Yes, yes. P: G(A). R: So you cannot burn it. P: Do you remembr ever hearing of something that(s in there when they grind the cane. Magass or bagasse. R: Yeah, magrass. But I never got to the factory where they do that. P: You never saw that. R: No, but I [have] see[n] the magrass, I [have] see[n] them [it]. P: You(ve seen it. R: Yeah, I seen it. P: What does it looks like? R: It look[s] like a bundle of hay. P: G(A). R: It look[s] like a bundle of hay, tie[d] up to get mince[d] up and tied together. P: G(A). R: I [have] see[n] it on television, people all [make] something like that. P: U(L). Is that right? R: G(A). People have animal, modern thing [s]. P: G(A) U(L). R: I tell, I watch television a lot. P: OK. R: So I can see all [those] thing[s]. I watch it a lot. P: G(A). R: I see on television people got them tie[d] up, like hay. P: G(A). R: When after that some [finish] up with everything. They come like [=with] a machine. P: Yeah. R: Bringing everything together. P: Yeah. R: A big bundle. P: G(A). R: And then you have wire. P: G(A). R: Two wire[s]. P: G(A). R: Our here and one here. P: G(A). R: You tie it together. P: I see. R: So in order to get them open up, now you had to cut the wire. P: G(A). R: And then you get the fertilizer, the mugrasse come[s] out. P: G(A). Oh, I see. I see. R: The other one to that U(F) I call it the filter press. P: Filter press. R: That(s the black one, have a lot of steam. P: Sure. R: It(s very hot. P: G(A). R: That is good manure too, for the ground. P: G(A). Where does that come from? R: Me no really know that prepare. P: G(A). R: I don(t really know. P: That(s something else. That(s another. R: That(s another. P: By product or whatever you want to call it of R: G(A). G(A). Yeah. P: Of cane. R: Yeah, I don(t know where that came from. P: And then do you know what happens? You don(t know anything about the cane after it gets into the factory? How they make the molasses and stuff. R: The molasses, they grind them, and what is to bring sugar brings sugar and what is to bring megrasse and the molasses is different part. And let me tell you. P: yes. R: I never been to the sugar factory yet. P: Is that right? In all these years, G(V), never have been. R: My father works there for years. I born with him working there. P: G(A). R: And I never been there. P: G(A). R: My son go there work. P: G(A). R: I never go there. P: Where is it? In Basse Terre? R: In Basse Terre. P: Yeah. R: Down before you catch Basse Terre. P: Yeah, I know where it is, I(m pretty sure, coming in from Sandy Point. That way. On that side of the island. R: No. going this way. P: Oh, this way. R: On this way, you meet it first. P: Oh, On this side. R: You meet it first. P: Like going past like Frigate Bay. R: G(N). P: Coming in by Conaree? R: It(s on the main road, the island main road. P: Yeah. R: When you leave the airport. When you leave the old airport. P: OK. Oh, I see, it(s between R: Going down, it(s between the airport, come down. P: G(A). R: All them building back so. P: Oh, OK. R: It(s the sugar factory. P: I see. Good. You know what I(m confusing it with? The Carib Brewery. R: U(L). P: You know what I mean? R: G(A). Yes, yes. P: That(s on the other side, isn(t it? R: Yes. P: Sure it is. R: No, no, no, no, no. That(s on the other side. P: There are a lot of buildings, G(V)? R: Lot of buildings. P: It(s a big operation. R: Yeah. P: Could you tell me about the kinds of trees that you(re familiar with in Sadlers, what kind of trees grow around here? R: Coconut trees. P: Yeah. R: You mean as fruit tree[s]?. P: All kinds. R: Well, coconut tree and just breadfruit tree we have yet now. P: OK. Do you have a breadfruit tree here?. R: You would see one here. P: G(A). R: One behind up here. But you cannot see it. P: G(A). R: Just the coconut trees and the breadfruit tree we have here in the village. P: G(A). R: We don(t keeping a lot of fruit tree[s] only just coconut and breadfruit. P: G(A). R: And one or two breadfruit tree it meet in the village, but they don(t, we really don(t keep a lot of U(I) P: Mango? R: There(s only one or two mango trees in the village. We don(t keep no [=a] lot of P: G(A). Yeah . R: No lot of fruit trees P: G(A). R: In the village or so, but we have a lot in the mountain, mango,. breadfruits. P: Yeah. R: Cherry, all kind of fruits are up there in the hills, in the hills. P: G(A). R: But of down in the village. P: I see. I don(t know if this is a tree or a bush, but it(s this beautiful red things and they are blooming right now. And you see them and they are red on the top. R: Small, we used to call them cock and hen, but me don(t know the right name. I know what you mean. Every time U(I). P: What did you call them? R: Cock and hen. P: Cock and hen. R: G(A). P: Is that U(I). R: Every time crop [=is] off [finished/harvested], those tree get blooming. P: Is that right. R Yeah. But when crop[=is] on [in the field/before harvest], the tree them just stay redder like the joy. P: Oh, I see. R: And crop [=is] done. P: G(A). R: When they stop cut[ting] the sugar cane, P: G(A) R: Like this season then P: G(A). R: This is the time for them P: Yeah. R: They going be blooming, oh. P: I see. R: And a lot of red thing and they going to show a long thing come down. P: G(A). Is that what they call flamboyant? R: Maybe is that because P: Did you ever hear that word? R: No, no. P: Or pointseana? Hello, how are you? [to a small child] R: Say hello. P: How are you? S: Hello. P: All right. Good man. R: I(m going to look after my grandson. P: He reminds me of my grandson. U(L). R: You have a grandson? P: I have two. They are twins. They(re eleven years old. R: Wow. P: Yeah. R: He(s not eleven yet. P: No, he(s small. R: G(A). P: OK. Can you tell me U(F) some bushes that grow around here. R: Some of the bushes? P: Yeah. R: You could see there(s the seed grass. P: G(A). R: We call them ball carrot [?] of deer seed, and concaberry. P: G(A). R: Demarol of conchaberry. P: G(A). R: Demeesgrass [?] P: G(A). R: And then why you see in there. P: Are there different kinds of grass? R: Yeah P: Or just, can you think of any different kinds? R: Nut grass, guinea grass. P: G(A). R: Nut grass, guinea grass, long grass. P: G(A). R: Sparrow grass[?] P: G(A). Sparrow grass. What(s that like. R: The sparrow grass is up, not down here much. They(re up in the mountain. P: G(A). R: And if they get in you[r] ground where you [=are] working P: G(A). R: It(s very hard. P: G(A). R: And it bad influence to the ground. P: G(A). R: It would suck the ground dry. P: Oh, I see so they plow it up if they can, G(V)? R: Yeah. P: They hoe it up? P: Yeah, and get it out. P: Right, yeah, sure. R: In the road and let a tractor work on it until it P: G(A). R: G(A). P: Yeah. R: And them is all I know. P: Do you have a garden? R: No the yard didn(t have a garden. P: G(A). R: No, we don(t have a garden; the yard aint big enough for a garden. P: OK. All right. Tell me the kinds of birds there are, some of the birds on St. Kitts. R: G(H). The birds you think pigeon, mountain dove, and they have some small bird that me don(t know the name. P: G(A). R: I know those two name, pigeon and mountain dove. P: G(A). R: Them I know. P: Sure. R: We don(t have the kind of bird that you all have, them big bird, we don(t have them. P: G(A). R: We have some big white one that come from where I don(t know. P: G(A). R: But they eat a lot of worm that you have plant potato P: G(A). R: And thing and they get worm. P: G(A). R: Them same bird wouldn(t leave the field until they done the worm. P: I see. U(L). R: Some white bird. P: Egrets? You call them egrets, those ones with the long necks? R: Me don(t know. P: They(re white and about this tall. R: White. P: And they have long necks. That(s an egret. Do you know that term? Egret? R: I never hear about egret yet. P: OK. R: Just know about that white bird. P: What about pelicans? R: Pelicans, no, we don(t have pelicans. P: You heard of them though. R: Pelicans, yes. Pelicans is the one who like round the water. P: G(A). Sometime called boobies. R: Boobies. P: You know booby. You have boobies? R: Yes. P: You have boobies around here. R: Yeah, we have booby, but no right now. When we have sprat. P: G(A). R: Some morning, you see them around, looking them to eat.. P: G(A). R: But different down here right here now. P: G(A). What other kind of fish are there around here besides sprat? R: Gar. P: Yeah. R: Jacks. P: Yeah. R: Ballyhoos. P: G(A). R: Doctor fish, tongue fish, Welchman. P: G(A). R: Angelfish. P: G(A). R: They have one they got name dolphin. P: G(A). R: Them big, big ones P: That jump out of the water, yeah. R: The dolphin not jump in the water. I got one in there now. P: Is that right? R: Yeah, the dolphin, them good eat. P: G(A). R:: They(re very sweet, the meat. P. I see. So you bought a whole one. R: I t aint big. It(s small. P: You bought a whole one though. R: Yeah, for twenty, twenty- something dollars I bought it for. P: G(A). R: It beats twenty-five dollars, I bought it. P: You keep it in the refrigerator? R: G(A). P: And how long will that last? R: As long as it takes. P: Oh, you(re going to eat it all at once, you think? R: No, I can(t eats that all. P: No, twenty pounds U(L). No, I just wondered how long it would stay fresh. R: Well, you know, it would stay as long as it take because I don(t lock the refrigerator. I keep it going. P: G(A). R: If I bring it out, say, now, where do you put it? P: G(A). R: Stiff. P: G(A). It(s frozen. P: Yeah. P: Oh, it(s frozen. I see. You freeze it. You have a freezer. R: Yeah. Two, two freezer I have.. P: Oh, two freezers, that(s great. I see. R: G(A). P: What kind of animals are there on St. Kitts? R: Sheep, goat, cattle, donkey, horses. Not so many horses. P: G(A). R: Not so many horses. I recall that. P: G(A). R: Not so many horses. Donkey, we got dogs and we have U(H), pigs, I have sheep. P: G(A). R: Goat. I have. Pig, I have, Donkey I aint have. Cattle I aint have..Dog.. P: Do you raise hogs? R: G(A). P: How many do you have right now? R: Well, if people done just kill them right now, is only three there. There kill three the other day. P: G(A). R: I had up to two-fifty something. P: Is that right? R:Yeah. People kill them. I like raise them. P: Well, how big are they? I mean how old are they? R: They(re big. P: How old were they? R: When people kill hem? P: Yeah. R: Like babies, a month or two month. P: Just little pigs then. R: Like they go round to feed.. P: G(A). You sold them? R: Yes. P: G(A). R: And I used to eat them a lot. P: G(A). R: But can(t eat them now.. P: Too greasy, U(L). R: Yeah. Too much of grease aint good for the body now. P: Yeah. That(s what happens. R: G(A). P: U(F) How about monkeys? . R: I don(t have a monkey, but I saw them very often when I going for the water. P: Did you ever eat monkey? R Maybe when I was small, but now I can(t eat them. P: G(A). R: Can(t eat them now. P: G(A). How about a mongoose? R: Mongoose, people don(t eat them. P: No, I didn(t mean eat them, but you have U(I). R: Yes, we have mongoose. P: Yes, I knew you didn(t eat them. U(L). R: And rat. P: They had those, I think they brought those in to kill the snakes. R: We aint have any snakes. P: That(s why. R: U(L). P: Because the mongoose. R:I understand too. P: The mongoose. R: They say that old people have brought them in here when we had snakes. P: G(A). R: And they brought them in to kill them, but now the snake gone the mongoose still here. P: G(A). Can you tell me a little bit about the ways you prepare, what kind of meat do you like the best, right now? R: I love mutton. P: Mutton. R: Well, it(s the frozen one I does use now. P: G(A). R: And if I kill a sheep, [speaking to someone on the street: four-fifty; talk to Chesil] Sorry I have to yell at them, P: It(s all right, perfectly all right. R: How what? P: I say how do you prepare, you know, I(d like to know U(F) what parts of the sheep you like to eat and how you prepare them. R: Oh, U(F) you stew them. P: G(A). R: You get you a little onion and your parley and P: G(A). Garlic and P: G(A). R: Get the in a pot, wash them off, and you stew them. P: OK. R: And you season them up and you put them in a pot and you cook soup. P: G(A). Yeah, OK Is that like goat water? R: Yes. P: Tell me about it. Is that the same thing as goat water? R: Well, you don(t prepare it like goat water. You prepare for soup for you. We call it goat water. (I come for some goat water.( P: G(A). U(L). And goat water could be lamb, it could be mutton or it could be goat? R: Yeah. P: Or is it always goat. R: It could be sheep. P: Yeah. R: It could be sheep. P: Yeah. R: Most of the time they don(t get goat, but they kill a sheep and say it(s goat water. P: OK. So how do you season goat water? R; How do you season goat water? P: Yeah. R: U(F) If you don(t cook goat water for selling and so on. P: G(A). R: You get a piece of, you know, breadfruit. P: G(A). R: Like a papaw P: Yeah. R: You your garlic and get your onion. P: G(A). R: And you get your thyme. P: G(A). R: A little green herbs. P: G(A). R: And you season all, a sazun[?] P: G(A). R: And you put it to boil. P: Yeah. R: And when it, and some clove. P: G(A). R: And when it done boil enough Side B And when you(re preparing it, you take off all the slimy part off of it. P: All right. R: You cut it. P: G(A). R: The greasy parts, just the meat and the bone. P: Yeah. R: And then you try eat it. P: G(A). R: And then when you finish, done trying, you cube and you take it in. P: G(A). R: Little green herbs and so on. P: G(A). R: People, some people take little flour. P: G(A). R: And they mix it in a bowl with some coconut oil or water. P: G(A). R: In a bowl with salt and thing. P: G(A). R: And you do some spoon cut and you drop it in there. P: G(A). R: And you let it boil. P: G(A). R: Until it come in order, sweet and nice. P: How long about? R: Well, you cooking goat water, it would take you about, less than two hours, three hours, four. P: Three or four hours, G(V)? R: Yeah. I think it would take them time, yeah, with good fire. P: I see. That(s great. R: If you cooking the real, real goat water in a big big pot. Not you(re cooking for to [=in order to] sell; you [are] cooking for to [=in order to] eat. P: U(L) Yeah. R: But some now some people cook it, if your doing it for sell, you know.. P: Yeah. R: They got a half a drum, so, you know, that would take that kind of time here to rise up [?], lot of water. P: Yeah. R: Or you(re doing it for yourself, you don(t take them times there. P: G(A). R: You got a small pot. You(re doing it inside. Would take that time, you know, your meat. Boil and your breadfruit. P: Right. R: You know? P: OK. R: But it(s sweet, goat water, is very sweet, why you put carrot in the right way. P: G(A), U(F) Can you tell me any other recipes, your favorite recipes. R: Oh what? P: Anything at all that you like. R: Well, you know what I et yesterday? You know what they call breadfruit? P: Yeah. R: I never know what to cook. P: G(A). R: I had food on the fridge. I take it out the day before to freeze off. And when I look at it yesterday, I feel that I will get bacteria and it would start poison me. P: Yeah. R: So I put it out for the dog. P: G(A). R: And then my son reach with about four breadfruit. P: G(A). R: Four breadfruit. P: G(A). R: I say, boy, come here boy, me going cook some of them in the pot. P: G(A). R: And I put them on to peel them and prepare them in the salt, put them in the pot and let them boil. P: G(A). 710 R: And I had a pound of salt mackerel. P: Yeah. G(A). R: And I put that, soak it out and put itself to boil so the salt could come out more. Too much salt aint good. P: Sure.. R: And when I done, when everything done, I just put the mackerel on the breadfruit, and I et that. P: G(A). R: It was sweet. P: It was good, G(V)? What does breadfruit taste like? R: It tastes like any ordinary provision. P: Like potatoes or something like that? R: It aint sweet, but it taste like that. P: What does a breadfruit look like? R: You never seen breadfruit? P: No, I don(t think so. R: I(ll bring one and show you now. P: OK. UL). R: I(ll bring one, show you now. Here(s breadfruit. P: No, I have never seen one of those in my life. R: Never? P: Never. Never seen one. Never seen one. R: U(L). P: If I saw one, I(d think it was a mango. R: A mango. U(L). P:Yeah, UL). R: This is a breadfruit. P: It(s green. They(re always been like this? R: Yes. P: Now, I don(t want you cutting this. I want you to describe it for me. You cut this open and then what? There(re a lot of seeds in there? R: No. No seeds. P: No seeds at all. R: They don(t be, they don(t grow by seeds. P: Oh, I see. R: You have, you know how they graft the mango tree then? P: G(A). R: You ever see people graft mango tree? P: I(ve heard about that, yeah. R: Well, U(F) the trees would send up young slips. P: Oh, I see. R: And you(ll go and you will dig a slip from there and you would plant it in the ground. P: You(d have a separate breadfruit tree then. R: Yeah. P: I see. R: So you don(t go buy seed, no seed are within this now. P: G(A). R: Just some things to cut out; they call that the guts. P G(A). R: You cut that out and you got the raw meat to eat after. P: I see. And you boil it or. R: You boil it. P: Do you ever fry it? R: No. P: Just boil it. R: Boil it. P: And it tastes kind of like potato. R: It could roast. P: Yes. R: If it well big and full. P: G(A). R: You put it on your oven or in your fire and you roast it. P: That(s interesting. U(F). There(s another vegetable. I don(t know if I have that with me, christine or something like that. R: Christophene? P: Christophene, that(s it. R: Christophene, has a lot of chocho [?] thing, you peel it.. P: Yeah. R: And when you open it, you see U(F) you see that thing up there, you cut it out. P: G(A). R: It(s very nice, something like papaw. P: Yeah. R: The meat is like papaw. P: And kind of like squash, isn(t it? R: You say squash; I say papaw. P: Pawpaw, is that what papaw is? R: U(L). P: Is papaw squash? R: Well. P: What is papaw. R: I aint have none. P: No, but I had that a restaurant this week, and it was so good I asked R: It so pleasing? P: Yeah, and I asked her what it was and she got me some more and wrote it down for me. R: It(s nice. P: She told me where I could buy it, told me the store where I could buy it. R: Yeah, I think Ram selling.. P: Yeah, I think that(s the one that she mentioned. R: Yeah, Ram selling. I think they have something on them like chocho. P: Yeah? R: Like chocho pan thing, they(re disgusting to grow, you know.. P: U(L). R: I see all those things with them. They are very disgusting to grow. P: U(F). Do you go buy breadfruit? R: If I aint have none, if my son aint going to hills, I(m get one I have to buy. P: G(A). Is it growing wild on the hills? R: Yeah. P: You can just go up and it R: Yeah. P: And how much breadfruit would you use. Let(s say you had four people. R: Well, if I don(t cook, this enough. (One breadfruit, 12" circum.) P: That(s enough for four people? R: Yeah. P: G(A). R: This is enough quite enough. P: That would be R: Yeah, because this alone, I won(t cook. P: That would be with mackeral. That would be good. R: Oh, yes. P: Or any fish. R: It sweet. It sweet. P: Any fish? R: Yeah. P: That sounds nice. R: But this is sweet, sweet with the mackerel. I tell you sweet meat yesterday. P: G(A). R: And I have a boy who love these. P: G(A). R: I would eat them, but I don(t love them. P: G(A). R: I love the sweet potatoes. P: G(A). R: But my son love these. P: G(A). Are they the same as yams? R: No. P: How? R: Yams eat different. P: G(A). R: Yams is something different to these. P: G(A). R: These eat more finer. P: G(A). R: These eat more finer. P: G(A). R: Yam aint so fine like these. P: G(A). R: You ever eat a sweet potato? P: Yeah, sure. R: Well, nearly try the sweetness. P: G(A). R: This without the sweetness. P: It(s like a sweet potato without the swetness? R: Yeah. P: I see. Very good. R: Yeah. P: I understand. Now I want to ask you one other thing. Can you tell me, you talked a little about the violence, could you talk a little more how the kids have changed since you were small? R: Well, when I was small, I could have go around at night especially, I and other friends. P: G(A). R: And would play and we(ll go all, now, we leave the main road and come down here; we(re playing (whoop.( P: G(A). R: We leave the main road and come down here and hide. P: G(A). R: Without any interference. P: G(A). R: Nobody going to try to do us nothing. P: G(A). R: Nobody going pass no kind of strife on us. P: G(A). R: We gone, we hide, we come back, we gone. P: G(A). R: But now, you cannot do that. P: G(A). R: You cannot come down the road as a young girl. P: G(A). R: You cannot come down the road and meet a set of young boys. P: G(A). R: Without have something to say. P: G(A). R: Or molest with you. P: Is that right? R: That is how the world change. P: G(A). R: You cannot go in places them without they make some kind of fight, cutting up. P: G(A). R: Next morning you hear, (You what happen? You know who lock up? So and so lock up because they were in a fight with so and so,( P: G(A). Is that right? R: No so used to be before. We used to be at peace. P: G(A). R: We used that, well, when we small and they going have picnic over on Black Rock Park . P: G(A). R: We going over. The music there, we dance. P: G(A). 799 R: We eat. We feel good. P: G(A). R: When time come, we come back home. P: Yeah. R: And that was it. P: G(A). R: Without any interference, without any fighting, and without anybody get cut up by anybody going to the hospital. P: Yeah, sure. R: But not now. P: G(A). R: That is how the world change now. P: Yeah, I see. R: So what I does, me as a big old woman, I get out of the way. P: U(L). So would I. R: I have my corner. P: U(L). Yeah, so would I. R: I play my telly, and I sit down. When I(m going to do my work in my home in my house. P: Yes. R: Cook and clean up, a bed, I come out and I sit down in the shop and I watch television. P: G(A). R: Until somebody call. P: G(A). R: So far as they call, I get up. P: G(A). R: And I get up and give them a soda and a gamba[?] P: G(A). R: Not on this street, I cannot. P: Is that right? R: No. P: And how about these boys who play, who use the poolroom? They(re OK?. You don(t have too much trouble with them? R: Oh, Lord, yes, the smallest of them be. P: G(A). R: The weary ax (asks) for silence [?] P: Little boys like that? Like these little boys? R: They make too much noise. They got too much bad word. P: Really. R: And they don(t never ever hear me swear a bad word there. P: Yeah. R: And as small as they be, they got the big bad word. P: G(A). U(L). That(s too bad. R: (The F-ing this.( P: Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. That(s awful. R: One day I tell a little boy. P: U(L). R: A little boy, he gleaning start to go to high school yet, but P: U(L). R: Every time he reach in the place, he some kind of girl business. P: G(A). R: I tell him, Boy, what happen to you? P: U(L). R: Why don(t wait? [you] P: U(L). R: Girls. P: He(s got plenty of time, right? R: A lot of time. P: Yeah. U(L). R: The boy is twelve years old. P: U(L). R: He doesn(t go [to] high school and he is bonded yet[?] P: U(L). 9 R: (I went out; I went looking for [a] girl(; I say (Listen to me, what [are] you doing,? Stop that. What happen[ed] to you.( P: U(L). R: (Ah, me, girl, girl, girl.( P: U(L) R: What kind of girl you talking about.( P: U(L). 832 R: You think what you got mount on top of girl. P: Yeah. R: I tell him plainly (be)cause I don(t like you. P: U(L). R: Shut your mouth; you(re talking stupidness. P: Yeah. R: (A)bout girls; when they(re too young. P: U(L). R: Time here, if he ain(t to live to get a woman, well, we cannot part that.. P: G(A). R: He(s just gone without a woman, but if he too grown, big one, and he get a woman, he get any amount of woman. Wait their time P: G(A). R: That(s what you see them, they start from school after they see, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, and fifteen, and go on and do all kind[s] of bad things. P: G(A). R: Policeman always two people do or why. P: G(A). R: They don(t wait on their time. P: G(A). Yeah, right, they(re into much of a hurry. G(V)? R: They press short life [=esrly in life] too quick. P: G(A). R: And that(s why, you see, I(m afraid to go on the road at nighttime. P: Yeah, I can see that, yeah. R: Because if those kind of thing[s] have to go on, think about they [are] going to touch me, all harm tonight. P: Right. R: U(F) I knock on them; I maim them. I go in prison. P: Yeah. R: I no[do not] let them young little boys come and touch me any. P: G(A). R: No, no, no, no, no, no. P: How about the girls? R: The girls them that [are] young are like America people now. P: G(A). R: We got gang of girls P: G(A). R: U(F). They have young boys; they have young girls, fourteen and fifteen year on the street. P: G(A). R: Something on the place here. P: Here in Sadler? R: In Sadlers. P: G(A). R: Looking boys. As soon as they hear that they have to go [to] high school, when they reach up there for the very first year. P: G(A). R: They start to look boys. P: G(A). R: And with that they have young in their appearance; them can(t read [be with?] them no more. P: G(A). R: I thank God for my children; them[those] that could have gone with them. P: G(A). R: I have eight, four boys and four girls. P: G(A). R: And I thank God, I(m telling you, because I able to give them some matchete [?] P: G(A). R: And make them behave. P: G(A). R: You understand? P: Sure. R: You know overseas you can(t bang children, but here we could lashing the deal.of them. P: G(A). R: Not too bloody because we go to jail too. P: U(L). G(A). Do you really think it(s mainly the fault of the parents R: Some. P: Morning [to passerby]. R:Now everybody was set up in that train that challenge the way it should go and when they grow older they never depart from it. P: G(A). R: Well, if we don(t (of)fend them, how they come? P: Right. R: You have to tell them what is wrong out there before they go. P: OK. Now I want to ask you one other thing. Can you think of anything I haven(t asked you that is interesting from your life, St. Kitts, or Sadlers in general that we haven(t talked about? R: I think that is about it? P: You think we have about done it, G(V). R: Yeah. P: OK. Now the last thing I am going to is I want you to pronounce some words. This is just so I can compare Sadler pronunciation with the pronunciation of other places around the island. You know, I am doing this. R: Yeah, go ahead. P: This just take a few minutes. First thing, loud enough so I can hear, count from one to fourteen, not too fast. R: One, two three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen. P: OK. The number after nineteen. R: The number after nineteen is eighteen. P: The other way. R: Forward, twenty. P: Yeah. And then forward again, twenty-nine. R: Twenty, twenty-nine. Wait, no, explain that the number after nineteen is what, twenty. P: Twenty. The number after twenty-nine is R: Is thirty. P: Yeah. He needs something [concerning customers] The number after thirty-nine. R: Forty. P: After sixty-nine. R: Seventy. P: After ninety-nine. R: Ninety-nine, a hundred. P: And after nine hundred and ninety nine. R: Nine hundred and ninety-nine? One thousand. P: Right, OK. Today is the nineteenth. R: Nineteenth. P: OK now let(s use that same kind of counting beginning with one and go to ten. First, second, third. You see? R: Like the month, the nineteenth. P: But I want you to start with the first. R: First of the month? P First, second. R: First and second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth. P: Thanks. Now name the days of the week. R: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday. P: Right. And the months of the year. R: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December. P: Great, now tell me your name again. R: Josephine XXX. P: OK. Josephine XXX. R: XXX. P: One (r,( right? R: XXX P: E-Y. OK. R:Yes. P: And do you call this Sadler(s or Sadler(s Village? R: Sadler(s Village P: You call it Sadler(s Village? R: Yeah. P: OK. And what(s the parish? R: What? P: The parish. R: St. Kitts? P: No, is it Christ(s Church or, what(s the parish? R: St. Kitt(s. P: OK. That(s good. Well, thank you very much. . 1 106